Devices and methods for communication
By receiving reader configuration information and managing inventory rounds, A-IoT devices are efficiently configured and managed, addressing deployment challenges and enhancing scalability with minimal power consumption.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/106843
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies face challenges in efficiently configuring and managing Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) devices due to their reliance on ultra-low complexity and ultra-low power consumption, which complicates the deployment and management of these devices in various applications.
A communication device receives reader configuration information to provide a radio interface to A-IoT devices, and A-IoT devices manage inventory rounds based on received messages to optimize communication, while updating context information to indicate inventory status.
Enhances A-IoT configuration by optimizing communication and management, allowing for efficient deployment and scalability of A-IoT devices with minimal power consumption.
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Figure CN2024106843_29012026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATION
[0001] FIELDS
[0002] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices and methods for Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) configuration enhancement.BACKGROUND
[0003] In recent years, internet-of-things (IoT) and A-IoT has attracted much attention in the wireless communication world. More “things” are expected to be interconnected for improving productivity efficiency and increasing comforts of life. Further reduction of size, complexity, and power consumption of IoT devices can enable the deployment of tens or even hundreds of billion IoT devices for various applications and provide added value across the entire value chain.SUMMARY
[0004] In general, embodiments of the present disclosure provide devices and methods for A-IoT configuration enhancement.
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a first communication device. The first communication device comprises: a processor configured to cause the first communication device to: receive, from a second communication device, reader configuration information associated with a reader function of the first communication device; and perform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a radio interface towards an ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device.
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided an A-IoT device. The A-IoT device comprises: a processor configured to cause the A-IoT device to: while a first inventory round is on-going, receive, from a reader, a second inventory message for a second inventory round; in response to reception of the second inventory message, terminate the first inventory round, and initiate the second inventory round for the second inventory message.
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a communication device. The communication device comprises: a processor configured to cause the communication device to: detect whether an inventory message is transmitted to an A-IoT device; and in accordance with a determination that the inventory message is transmitted to the A-IoT device, update context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in an inventoried status; and in accordance with a determination that an inventory round corresponding to the inventory message is completed, update the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in a non-inventoried status.
[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a first communication device. The method comprises: receiving, from a second communication device, reader configuration information associated with a reader function of the first communication device; and performing, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a radio interface towards an A-IoT device.
[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by an A-IoT device. The method comprises: while a first inventory round is on-going, receiving, from a reader, a second inventory message for a second inventory round; in response to reception of the second inventory message, terminating the first inventory round, and initiating the second inventory round for the second inventory message.
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a communication device. The method comprises: detecting whether an inventory message is transmitted to an A-IoT device; and in accordance with a determination that the inventory message is transmitted to the A-IoT device, updateing context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in an inventoried status; and in accordance with a determination that an inventory round corresponding to the inventory message is completed, updateing the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in a non-inventoried status.
[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to the fourth, fifth, or sixth aspect.
[0012] Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0015] FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate example topologies for A-IoT device;
[0016] FIG. 3 illustrates a signalling flow on how to provide location information to an A-IoT CN node;
[0017] FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate a direct transport solution and an in direct transport solution, respectively.;
[0018] FIG. 5A illustrates a signaling flow for reader configuration information in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 5B illustrates a signaling flow for activation indication in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] FIG. 5C illustrates a signaling flow for release indication in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 6A illustrates a signaling flow for interface setup in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 6B illustrates a signaling flow for interface setup in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 7A illustrates a signaling flow for scheduling configuration in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 7B illustrates a signaling flow for scheduling configuration in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 7C illustrates a signaling flow for inventory message or command message in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0026] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a first communication device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0027] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at an A-IoT device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0028] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a communication device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0029] FIG. 11 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0030] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0032] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0033] As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, devices on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0034] The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.
[0035] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0036] The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g., FR1 (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz) , FR2 (e.g., 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz) , frequency band larger than 100 GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0037] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator. In some embodiments, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In some embodiments, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In some embodiments, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device or the second network device. In some embodiments, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In some embodiments, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0038] As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’ and ‘the’ are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’ and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’ is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘one embodiment’ and ‘an embodiment’ are to be read as ‘at least one embodiment. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’ and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0039] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0040] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0041] Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.
[0042] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The communication environment 100 involves one or more A-IoT devices 110 and a plurality of communication devices 120 (such as a communication device 120-1, a communication device 120-2…a communication device 120-N) . Each communication device 120 may serve as a reader of the A-IoT devices 110. The plurality of communication devices 120 may communicate with the A-IoT devices 110, respectively. The communication device 120 may communicate with a radio access network and a core network (CN) , and thus may communicate with a CN network device 130.
[0043] The A-IoT refers to a new class of IoT devices primarily powered by harvesting ambient energy from radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other viable ambient energy source. The A-IOT device does not need to actively generate a signal, but communicates by reflecting electromagnetic waves generated by other devices. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 1, an A-IoT device 110 generally includes an energy harvesting module 112 and a backscattering module 114.
[0044] The A-IoT is an extension of the existing IoT. A-IoT devices carry out many of the same functions as IoT devices and target many of the same use cases but require additional design choices to meet solution demands. By relying on energy harvested from ambient sources, the A-IoT makes it possible to develop lower-cost, smaller, and maintenance-free devices, allowing the IoT to become more scalable in existing use cases and in use cases still to be developed.
[0045] Harvesting energy from ambient sources generates only minimal amounts of power. This creates the inherent requirement for A-IoT devices to be less complex and more power efficient.
[0046] FIG. 2A illustrates an example of Topology 1 for an A-IoT device. As shown in FIG. 2A, a topology 210 includes a base station 212 (also referred to as BS 212) and an A-IoT device 110. In the topology 210, the A-IoT device 110 directly and bidirectionally communicates with the base station 212. The communication between the base station 212 and the A-IoT device 110 includes A-IoT data and / or signaling. The topology 210 includes a possibility that the base station 212 transmitting to the A-IoT device 110 is different from the base station 212 receiving from the A-IoT device 110.
[0047] FIG. 2B illustrates an example of Topology 2 for an A-IoT device. As shown in FIG. 2B, a topology 220 includes the base station 212, the A-IoT device 110, and an intermediate node 222. In the topology 220, the A-IoT device 110 communicates bidirectionally with the intermediate node 222 between the A-IoT device 110 and the base station 212. In this topology, the intermediate node 222 may be a relay, an integrated access backhaul (IAB) node, a UE, a repeater, etc. which is capable of supporting A-IoT. The intermediate node 222 transfers A-IoT data and / or signaling between the base station 212 and the A-IoT device 110.
[0048] The base station 212 in Topology 1 and the intermediate node 222 in Topology 2 serve as a reader of the A-IoT device 110.
[0049] The above connectivity topologies for A-IoT networks and devices are defined for the purposes of the study. In all these topologies, the A-IoT device 110 may be provided with a carrier wave from other node (s) either inside or outside the topology. The links in each topology may be bidirectional or unidirectional.
[0050] Although not shown, there may be multiple BSs, UEs, assisting nodes, or intermediate nodes that could be involved in the topologies, respectively. The mixture of indoor and outdoor placement of such nodes is regarded as a network implementation choice. Account would need to be taken of potential impact on device or node complexity. In the connectivity topologies, this does not imply the existence of multi-hop assisting or intermediate nodes.
[0051] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections in FIGS. 1-2B are given for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitations to the present disclosure. The environment may include any suitable number of devices adapted for implementations of the present disclosure.
[0052] The current study targets a further assessment of A-IoT, a new IoT technology, suitable for deployment in the communication system, which relies on ultra-low complexity devices with ultra-low power consumption for the very-low end IoT applications. The study shall provide clear differentiation, i.e. addressing use cases and scenarios that cannot otherwise be fulfilled based on existing 3GPP LPWA (Low-Power Wide-Area Network) IoT technology e.g. NB-IoT including with reduced peak Tx power.
[0053] The definitions provided in TR 38.848 are taken into consideration herein, and the following are the exclusive general scope: a harmonized air interface design, deployment scenarios, FR1 licensed spectrum in Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Spectrum deployment in-band to NR, in guard-band to LTE / NR, in standalone band (s) , Traffic types, Device-Originated Device-Terminated Triggered (DO-DTT) , Device-Terminated (DT) , with focus on rUC1 (indoor inventory) and rUC4 (indoor command) .
[0054] The overall objective shall be to study a harmonized air interface design with minimized differences (where necessary) for A-IoT to enable the following three types of devices. For the purpose of the study, RAN1 uses three terminologies, including a Device Type 1, a Device Type 2a, and a Device Type 2b.
[0055] An IoT device with Device Type 1 (also referred to as IoT device 1 hereinafter) has a peak power consumption of about 1 μW, energy storage, an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm, with neither DL nor UL amplification in the IoT device 1. The device’s UL transmission is backscattered on a carrier wave provided externally.
[0056] An IoT device with Device Type 2a (also referred to as IoT device 2a hereinafter) has a peak power consumption of less than a few hundred μW, energy storage, an initial SFO of up to 10X ppm, with both DL and / or UL amplification in the IoT device 2a. The device’s UL transmission may be generated internally by the device, or be backscattered on a carrier wave provided externally.
[0057] An IoT device with Device Type 2b (also referred to as IoT device 2b hereinafter) has a peak power consumption of less than a few hundred μW, energy storage, an initial SFO of up to 10X ppm, with both DL and / or UL amplification in the IoT device 2b. The UL transmission of the IoT device 2b is generated internally by the IoT device 2b.
[0058] The coverage design target of A-IoT devices may be a maximum distance of 10-50 m with device indoors as per TR 38.848. For Topologies 1 &2 (UE as intermediate node under network control) , A-IoT devices may be configured with no Radio Resource Control (RRC) states, no mobility (i.e. at least no cell selection / re-selection -like function) , no HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) , no ARQ (Automatic Repeat request) .
[0059] The deployment scenarios of A-IoT devices may have the following characteristics. In Deployment scenario 1 with Topology 1, there may be base station and coexistence characteristics for micro-cell and co-site base station. In Deployment scenario 2 with Topology 2 and UE as intermediate node under network control, there may also be base station and coexistence characteristics for macro-cell and co-site base station. The location of intermediate node is indoor.
[0060] From RAN#104, the study for traffic types will assess whether the harmonized air interface design above can address the DO-A (Device-originated autonomous) use case, only to identify which part (s) of the harmonized air interface design above is / are not sufficient for the DO-A use case.
[0061] RAN3-led Study Item includes the following aspects. Necessary impacts are identified on signaling and procedures for CN-RAN interface, to enable paging, device context management and data transport. RAN architecture aspects are identified including whether support for split architecture is necessary. Potential solutions for locating an A-IoT device with no specification impact are identified, e.g. reusing existing user location report, or specification impact is minimized to convey location information to the core network.
[0062] RAN1 development relates to the following aspects. Reader to Device (R2D) control information involves study items about physical reader device channel (PRDCH) and physical device reader channel (PDRCH) . For PRDCH, at least the following has been studied: time domain resource allocation, modulation coding scheme (MCS) / coding rate, Transport Block Size (TBS) , repetitions, device ID and / or device group ID and / or device type and / or cast type, frequency domain resource allocation, Reader ID and chip duration. For PDRCH, at least the following has been studied: time domain resource allocation, MCS / coding rate, TBS, repetitions, device ID, frequency domain resource allocation, Reader ID, chip duration and mid-amble related information.
[0063] It is agreed that the following bandwidths for Device to Reader (D2R) are defined for the purpose of the study, such as transmission bandwidth, Btx, D2R (the frequency resources is scheduled by a reader for a D2R transmission from one device) , occupied bandwidth, Bocc, D2R (the transmission bandwidth plus the potential associated intra A-IoT guard-bands totaling Bguard, D2R, where this guard band is not for coexistence with NR / LTE) , where Bocc, D2R >= Btx, D2R. Further, if / how to define guard band for coexistence between A-IoT D2R and NR / LTE is up to RAN4.
[0064] It is also agreed that A-IoT Paging can be used to reach one or more devices for identified A-IoT services (e.g., inventory, command) . Use cases for locating an A-IoT device include finding an appropriate “reader” close to the A-IoT device, finding where the A-IoT device is, and supporting locating the A-IoT device at “reader” granularity.
[0065] It is further agreed that inventory over CN-RAN interface can be used for a single device, or a group of devices, or all devices. Command over CN-RAN interface can be used for a single device. In the Inventory Request from the A-IoT CN towards the A-IoT radio access system (RAS) , the following information may be included: an inventory Session ID (e.g., to allow multiple Inventory procedure instances to run in parallel) , the estimated number of expected responses from devices, or the minimum number of required responses from devices, the usage of these information. The inventory Session ID may relate to the purpose, scope and handling of this information in A-IoT RAS.
[0066] Periodicity may be used to enable periodic inventory at A-IoT RAS triggered by a single Inventory Request from the A-IoT CN. In Topology 2, it is considered which entity (e.g., A-IoT CN and / or A-IoT enabled gNB) performs the UE reader selection. In topology1, it is considered whether in response to a single Inventory Request, A-IoT RAS provides only a single Inventory Report message or there can be also multiple Inventory Report messages provided.
[0067] A-IoT device location information may be used for the following purposes: (a) improving the A-IoT operation itself, e.g. by sending a command to one or more readers (e.g., the last reader (s) ) associated to the device rather than sending it blindly; (b) providing location information to the consumer of the A-IoT service. Locating an A-IoT device at “reader ID granularity” is useful for both purposes.
[0068] FIG. 3 illustrates a signalling flow 300 on how to provide location information to an A-IoT CN node. The signalling flow 300 involves an A-IoT device 305, an A-IoT RAS node 310 and an A-IoT CN node 320. The A-IoT RAS node 310 may include a common reader function 310-1 and an A-IoT RAN node function 310-2. The common reader function 310-1 may communicate with the A-IoT device 305 by means of A-IoT radio. The A-IoT RAN node function 310-2 may be a function residing in the A-IoT RAS node 310 and contain e.g. the control of the A-IoT radio resources used towards the A-IoT device 305.
[0069] Note that “control of A-IoT radio resources” does not necessarily imply dynamic configuration of resources but could also rely on static assignment of resources by means of Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM) . Aspects concerning coordination of the Upper Layer functions (e.g. Inventory, Command) e.g. in case these functions have to be performed over a multitude of instances of the Common Reader Function are FFS.
[0070] FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate a direct transport solution and an in direct transport solution, respectively. The reader application protocol (R-AP) protocol is assumed to be defined. The motivation to propose the R-AP protocol instead of reusing Next Generation-Application Protocol (NGAP) is that (a) NG-AP terminates on the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) , while AMF is not assumed to be used by this solution and (b) that most of the underlying concepts of NG-AP (existence of UE contexts at radio access network (RAN) nodes, Packet Data Unit (PDU) Sessions, support of UE mobility, etc. ) do not apply to A-IoT in this solution.
[0071] Currently, there are no specifications on how to generate and transmit reader configuration information.
[0072] According to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, there are provided solutions for A-IoT configuration enhancement. In a solution, a first communication device receives, from a second communication device, reader configuration information associated with a reader function of the first communication device. The first communication device performs, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a radio interface towards an A-IoT device. In another solution, while a first inventory round is on-going, an A-IoT device receives, from a reader, a second inventory message for a second inventory round. In response to reception of the second inventory message, the A-IoT device terminates the first inventory round and initiates the second inventory round for the second inventory message.
[0073] The following will describe the detail with reference to FIGS. 5A to 7C.
[0074] Reference is now made to FIG. 5A, which illustrates a signaling flow 500A for reader configuration information in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The signalling flow 500A involves an A-IoT device (s) 505, a first communication device 510 and a second communication device 520.
[0075] In some embodiments, the first communication device 510 may be or be included in an A-IoT RAS device. The A-IoT RAS device a RAN network device (e.g., a NG-RAN node) , a terminal device (UE) or a standalone reader device (e.g., an independent reader hardware) . The reader hardware device may be independent of the RAN node and UE, but it can provide the A-IoT radio interface to the A-IoT devices. In this case, the second communication device 520 may be or be included in a CN device (also referred to as CN node) . For example, the CN device may determine the reader configuration in a RAS device.
[0076] In some embodiments, the first communication device 510 may be or be included in a terminal device (e.g., UE) or a standalone reader device (e.g., an independent reader hardware) . In this case, the second communication device 520 may be or be included in a RAN network device (also referred to as RAN node) . For Topology 2 (e.g., the topology 220 in FIG. 2B) or the reader function (s) in the reader hardware device, the RAN node may determine the reader configuration in the terminal device / reader hardware device. In some examples, for a UE, the maximum reader number per UE may be one or a maximum of 2.
[0077] In some embodiments, the first communication device 510 may be or be included in a distributed unit (DU) of a RAN network device, and the second communication device 520 may be or be included in a centralized unit (CU) of the RAN network device. For Topology 1 (e.g., the topology 210 in FIG. 2A) , the readers or reader functions may be located in the DUs / TRPs of a RAN device. Then the CU may determine the reader configuration information in the DUs / TRPs. In some examples, for one CU / TRP, the maximum reader number per TRP may be one or a maximum of 2.
[0078] As shown in FIG. 5A, the second communication device 520 transmits 522 reader configuration information to the first communication device 510. The reader configuration information is associated with a reader function of the first communication device 510 for at least one A-IoT device.
[0079] The reader function (or referred to as a common reader function) may be considered as a logic function which may be operative as a reader for A-IoT devices. In some embodiments, the first communication device 510 may include one or more than one reader function. For example, if the second communication device 520 is a CN device, a reader function may be a logic function in the RAS device, where the RAS device could be a RAN node, UE, or an independent reader hardware device. In some examples, the CN device may be the AMF, OAM, a new A-IoT-related CN entity, or a normal CN entity. The CN device may send the reader configuration information to the RAN device, terminal device, or the reader hardware device so that they may enable and maintain the reader function to provide the A-IoT radio interface to the A-IoT devices. If the second communication device 520 is a RAN device, it may send the reader configuration information to the terminal device, or the reader hardware device. In some other cases, if the second communication device 520 is a CU of a RAN device, it may send the reader configuration information to the DU (s) or TRP (s) of the RAN device.
[0080] In some embodiments, the reader configuration information may be used to set up a reader or update or reset a reader. In an example, the reader configuration information may be reused in the RAN CONFIGURATION UPDATE message. Optionally, it may be a newly designed message.
[0081] In some embodiments, if the second communication device 520 is a CN device, the signaling transmission of the reader configuration information may be via the NG interface (if the first communication device 510 is in a RAN device) , or via the NG interface and the Uu interface (if the first communication device 510 is in a terminal device) , or via the reader application protocol (R-AP) (if the first communication device 510 is in the reader hardware device) . If the RAS device refers to a RAN device and / or terminal device, the signalling of the reader configuration information is non-transparent to the transmission interface. If the RAS device refers to a reader hardware device, the reader configuration information may be transparent to the transmission interface.
[0082] In some embodiments, the reader configuration information may include a reader identity (ID) assigned for a reader function of the first communication device 510. For example, the reader configuration information may include a reader logic ID assigned by a CN device to the reader function. The reader configuration information may include a plurality of reader IDs (and a plurality of configurations) because the first communication device 510 may have a plurality of reader functions.
[0083] Alternatively, or in addition, the reader configuration information may include a physical layer-related configuration. In some embodiments, the physical layer-related configuration may indicate at least one of the following: a first frequency configuration for a R2D transmission, a second frequency configuration for a D2R transmission, a continuous wave (CW) or backscattering signal, an indication of whether the first communication device acting as a reader providing the CW or backscattering signal.
[0084] For example, the physical layer-related configuration may include at least one of:a R2D transmission frequency configuration, a R2D occupied frequency configuration, a D2R transmission frequency configuration, a D2R occupied frequency configuration, or called CW or backscattering signal. These transmission frequency configurations may include the central frequency value (s) or frequency bandwidth value (s) or frequency band ID(s) or some pre-configured frequency configuration ID (s) . Further, these transmission frequency configurations may include deployment types, e.g., in-band frequency, guard band frequency, stand along frequency, unlicensed frequency, single-tone CW or multiple-tone CW, a frequency gap size between the two single-tones, D2R frequency hopping of the DL and UL transmission, a shift type of the DL and UL transmission, or a mode of the DL and UL transmission. The physical layer-related configuration may further include an indication of whether the first communication device (e.g., RAN device / terminal device / reader hardware device) acts as a reader or a node providing CW.
[0085] Alternatively, or in addition, the physical layer-related configuration may indicate at least one of the following: at least one timing configuration between R2D transmissions, between D2R transmissions, and / or between a R2D transmission and a D2R transmission, a configuration for synchronization signaling, a configuration related to a preamble, a configuration related to a TBS, or a configuration related to a transmission repetition.
[0086] For example, the timing configuration may include at least one of the following: a minimum time between two different consecutive R2D transmissions to the same A-IoT device, a maximum time between two different consecutive R2D transmissions to the same A-IoT device, a minimum time between two different consecutive D2R transmissions from the same A-IoT device, a maximum time between two different consecutive D2R transmissions from the same A-IoT device, a minimum time between an R2D transmission and the corresponding D2R transmission following it, a maximum time between an R2D transmission and the corresponding D2R transmission following it, a minimum time between a D2R transmission and the corresponding R2D transmission following it, or a maximum time between a D2R transmission and the corresponding R2D transmission following it. The configuration for synchronization signaling may include, for example, a periodic configuration of synchronization signaling. The configuration related to a preamble may include, for example, a duration or length of a preamble, a mid-amble, and / or a post-amble, or related parameters that can calculate the length of the preamble. The configuration related to a TBS may include, for example, a maximum TBS for PRDCH and PDRCH. The configuration related to a transmission repetition may include, for example, a repetition mode of PRDCH or PDRCH transmission (e.g. bit-level repetition, block level transmission) , or repetition times (e.g. 2, 3, 4, or the like) .
[0087] Alternatively, or in addition, the reader configuration information may include a media access control (MAC) layer-related configuration. In some embodiments, the MAC layer-related configuration indicates at least one of the following: a configuration related to contention-based access, a configuration related to non-contention-based access, or a configuration related to a random access mode.
[0088] For example, the MAC layer-related configuration may indicate contention-based access and / or non-contention-based access, 4 Step Random access and / or 2 step Random access, and criteria to decide the 4 steps or 2 steps.
[0089] Alternatively, or in addition, the reader configuration information may include at least one of: a paging-related configuration, a segmentation-related configuration, an access layer security parameter or configuration, or a configuration for an intermediate node selection criteria.
[0090] In some embodiments, the reader configuration information may be determined based on a type of the A-IoT device. That is, for different types of A-IoT devices, different reader configurations may be transmitted. For example, for A-IoT device 1, the reader configuration information may include Configuration 1; for A-IoT device 2a, the reader configuration information may include Configuration 2; and they may be transmitted in the same reader configuration.
[0091] In some embodiments, the reader configuration information may include at least one of the following: at least one configuration to set up the reader function, at least one configuration to update the reader function, or at least one configuration to reset the reader function. In other words, the first communication device 510 may apply different configuration for different types of devices. For example, the reader setup configuration may differ from the reader update configuration and / or the reader reset configuration.
[0092] In some embodiments, the reader configuration information may include a plurality of configurations for a plurality of reader functions, respectively, in the first communication device 510. Alternatively, or in addition, the reader configuration information may include a plurality of reader IDs assigned for the plurality of reader functions. For example, the reader configuration information may include a plurality of reader configurations to set up, reset, or update a plurality of readers in one RAN device / terminal device / reader hardware device.
[0093] After receiving 524 the reader configuration information, the first communication device 510 perform 526, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a radio interface towards the A-IoT device 505.
[0094] In some embodiments, the first communication device 510 may transmit 528, to the second communication device 520, a first response to the reader configuration information. In some cases, the second communication device 520 may be a CN device, the first communication device 510 may transmit the first response to the A-IoT related CN device or AMF.
[0095] In some embodiments, the first response may include an acknowledgement of the reader configuration information. For example, the first response may be an acknowledgment of the configuration's success. Alternatively, or in addition, the first response may include a reader ID assigned for the reader function of the first communication device, for example, a successfully configured reader ID. Alternatively, or in addition, the first response may include location information of the first communication device 510, especially for Topology 2 (e.g., the topology 220 in FIG. 2B) . As an example, the location information may be Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) information or some NR positioning results. Alternatively, or in addition, the first response may include a failure indication associated with the reader configuration information. For example, the first response may include at least one of: a setup failure, an update failure, or a reset failure. The failure-configured reader ID may be included in the first response. Further, the first response may indicate some reasons for failure, such as overload of the RAN, no available UEs.
[0096] The second communication device 520 may receive 530 the first response. In this way, the reader configuration information is configured by the network and transmitted between the first communication device 510 and second communication device 520. It is noted that other information may be transmitted between the first communication device 510 and second communication device 520. The following will describe with reference to FIGS. 5B and 5C.
[0097] FIG. 5B illustrates a signaling flow 500B for activation indication in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The signalling flow 500B involves the first communication device 510 and the second communication device 520.
[0098] In some embodiments, the second communication device 520 may transmit 532 an activation indication to activate the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information. After receiving 534 the activation indication, the first communication device 510 may perform 536 the reader function to provide a radio interface towards the A-IoT device based on the activated reader configuration information or the activated at least one configuration.
[0099] Afterwards, the first communication device 510 may transmit 538 a second response to the activation indication. The second communication device 520 may receive 540 the second response. The second response (i.e., reader activation response) is similar to the first response (i.e., reader configuration response) . In this way, the second communication device 520 may activate the reader function of the first communication device 510.
[0100] In some embodiments, the second response may include an acknowledgement of the activation indication. Alternatively, or in addition, the second response may include location information of the first communication device 510, especially for Topology 2. As an example, the location information may be Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) information or some NR positioning results. Alternatively, or in addition, the second response may include a failure indication associated with the activation indication. For example, the first response may include an activation failure. Further, the second response may indicate some reasons for failure, such as overload of the RAN, no available UEs.
[0101] As an example, an indication may be included for reader activation. If the reader is a RAN device, it may configure the reader by itself. As other example, the reader ID may be transmitted as an implicit way of activating the reader function. The CN device may activate multiple readers by including multiple reader IDs in one RAN device / terminal device / reader hardware device. The RAN device / terminal device / reader hardware may configure the reader configuration information by themselves. As a further example, there may be some reader pre-configuration parameter sets (including some parameters mentioned above) with different IDs, and the CN device may send the IDs to the RAN device / terminal device / reader hardware device to activate different sets of reader parameters. They may be transmitted in Reader Activation or Reader Configuration message.
[0102] In some embodiments, a self-configured reader configuration may be reported to the CN device.
[0103] In some embodiments, if the first communication device 510 may receive the reader configuration information or the activation indication from the second communication device 520, it may reserve the resources for the reader function. For example, if the RAS device (e.g., RAN device / terminal device / reader hardware device) receives the Reader Configuration / Activation message from the CN device, the RAS device needs to reserve the resources for the readers. For example, the RAN device may reserve the UL and DL frequency range / band for the readers. Alternatively, the RAN device may calculate the R2D and D2R transmission resource scheduling if the reader is in the RAN device, terminal device or reader hardware device. Correspondingly, the RAN device, terminal device, or reader hardware device may configure or activate the physical layer and MAC layer for the reader that is different from the legacy sub-layers in RAN / UE device.
[0104] FIG. 5C illustrates a signaling flow 500C for release indication in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The signalling flow 500C involves the first communication device 510 and the second communication device 520.
[0105] In some embodiments, the second communication device 520 may transmit 542 a release indication to release the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information, or a deactivation indication to deactivate the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information. The first communication device 510 may receive 544 the release indication. The release indication may include at least one of the following: at least one reader ID corresponding to the reader configuration information or at least one configuration ID, or a release reason (e.g., no A-IoT service, RAN overload) . The deactivate indication may include at least one of the following: at least one reader ID corresponding to the reader configuration information or at least one configuration ID, or a deactivation reason. In response to the deactivation indication, the first communication device 510 may deactivate the reader configuration information or the at least one configuration. For example, the release indication or deactivation indication may be included in a reader release / deactivation message. If the first communication device 510 has a plurality of readers, one or more of a plurality of reader IDs corresponding to the plurality of readers may be included in the reader release / deactivation message.
[0106] In response to the release indication, the first communication device 510 may release 546 the reader configuration information or the at least one configuration. In response to the deactivation indication, the first communication device 510 may deactivate 546 the reader configuration information or the at least one configuration. Afterwards, the first communication device 510 may transmit 548 a third response to the release indication or a fourth response to the deactivation indication. The second communication device 520 may receive 550 the third response or the fourth response from the first communication device 510. In this way, the second communication device 520 may release or deactivate the reader function at the first communication device 510.
[0107] In view of above, the second communication device 520 may configure, activate, deactivate or release one or more reader functions of the first communication device 510. In some embodiments, before those operations mentioned above, an interface setup (or setup-like) procedure may be performed to set up an interface between the first communication device 510 and the second communication device 520, which will be described with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B.
[0108] FIG. 6A illustrates a signaling flow 600A for interface setup between communication devices in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In these embodiments, the second communication device 520 may transmit 602 a first interface setup request to set up an interface between the first communication device 510 and the second communication device 520. The first communication device 510 may receive 604 the first interface setup request from the second communication device 520. The reader configuration information may be received from the second communication device after the first interface setup request or be included in the first interface setup request.
[0109] Then, the first communication device 510 may transmit 606 a first interface setup response to the first interface setup request. The second communication device 520 may receive 608 the first interface setup response. In this way, the second communication device 520 may trigger the interface setup procedure. For example, if the first communication device 510 is the A-IoT RAS device, the CN device may trigger the interface setup request. In some embodiments, this procedure may be transmitted via NG-AP but transparent to NG-AP.
[0110] FIG. 6B illustrates a signaling flow 600B for interface setup in accordance with some other embodiments of the present disclosure. In these embodiments, the first communication device 510 may transmit 612, to the second communication device 520, a second interface setup request to set up an interface between the first communication device 510 and the second communication device 520.
[0111] After receiving 614 the second interface setup request, the second communication device 520 may transmit 616 a second interface setup response to the second interface setup request. The first communication device 510 may receive 618 the second interface setup response and then the reader configuration information may be received from the second communication device 520 after the second interface setup response or be included in the second interface setup response. In this way, the first communication device 510 may trigger the interface setup procedure. For example, the A-IoT RAS device triggers the interface setup request. In some embodiments, this procedure may be transmitted via NG-AP but transparent to NG-AP.
[0112] As an example, an interface / connection exists between the A-IoT RAS device (e.g., the RAN device, the terminal device, or the reader hardware device) and the CN device. The interface may be Reader-Application Protocol or NG-interface. An interface setup (or setup-like) procedure may be triggered, which is the first procedure to transmit the reader configuration, inventory, command, and the terminal device reports after the transport network layer (TNL) association or SBI has become operational.
[0113] In some embodiments, the first interface setup request or the second interface setup request may include at least one of the following: an identity of the second communication device 520 (e.g., CN device ID) , an identity of the first communication device 510 (e.g., A-IoT RAS device ID, a reader identity for the first communication device 510, an inventory request on the A-IoT device 505, at least one command to be transmitted the A-IoT device 505, or a report (e.g., UE report) comprising information received from the A-IoT device 505.
[0114] After interface setup and reader configuration transmission, there may be further information transmitted for different scenarios, for example, a scenario of one A-IoT RAN node function related to a plurality of reader functions, or a scenario of one A-IoT RAN node function corresponding to a plurality of reader functions. The following will describe with reference to FIGS. 7A and 7C.
[0115] FIG. 7A illustrates a signaling flow 700A for scheduling configuration in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The signalling flow 700A involves a reader function 710 and an A-IoT RAN node function 720. The reader function 710 and the A-IoT RAN node function 720 may be included in the first communication device 510. In some embodiments, the reader function 710 may transmit 702 scheduling configuration information indicating a resource allocation for communication between the reader function and the A-IoT device. The A-IoT RAN node function 720 may receive 704 the scheduling configuration information. Further, the reader function 710 may determine 705 a resource allocation for communication between the reader function 710 and the A-IoT device.
[0116] For example, one A-IoT RAN node function may related to a plurality of common reader functions. For the resource allocation of multiple A-IoT Readers for A-IoT devices access and / or the scheduling of DL inventory / commands and / or UL A-IoT response, the A-IoT RAN node function 720 may control resource scheduling for DL and / or UL of reader (s) and A-IoT devices.
[0117] As an example, the A-IoT RAN node function 720 may assign the resource allocation for the A-IoT reader (s) and devices in the RAN working bands. For example, the A-IoT RAN node function 720 has a 10MHz working band, and the A-IoT RAN node may assign the resources for A-IoT reader (s) and devices based on this 10MHz bandwidth.
[0118] In some embodiments, the scheduler for the A-IoT RAN node function 720 may be shared with other services. The A-IoT RAN node function 720 may have a QoS value to calculate the resource assignment.
[0119] As another example, the working frequency (UL / DL) of the Reader (s) may be assigned by NW (e.g., A-IoT RAN node function or OAM) . The A-IoT RAN node function 720 may calculate the resource scheduling DL / UL resources in the readers’ working frequency. In some examples, working frequency may be in-band / guard-band / standalone. The A-IoT scheduler may be dedicated to calculating the A-IoT resource allocation, which is a logic scheduler different from the legacy scheduler. It is still inside the A-IoT RAN node function 720.
[0120] In some embodiments, the resource allocation for A-IoT DL / UL transmission may be dynamic or semi-dynamic. For Topology 1 (e.g., the topology 210 in FIG. 2A) , the A-IoT scheduling configuration may be transmitted from the RAN device to a reader hardware device if the reader hardware device is applied. For Topology 2 (e.g., the topology 220 in FIG. 2B) , the scheduling configuration may be transmitted from the RAN device to a terminal device via the UU interface, where the terminal device acts as a reader. The scheduling configuration may be included in RRCReconfiguration.
[0121] FIG. 7B illustrates a signaling flow 700B for scheduling configuration in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The signalling flow 700B involves a reader function 710 and an A-IoT RAN node function 720. The reader function 710 and the A-IoT RAN node function 720 may be included in the first communication device 510 which is configured with reader configuration information and activating the reader function. In some embodiments, the reader function 710 may transmit a scheduling request to the A-IoT RAN node function 720. After receiving 714 the scheduling request, the A-IoT RAN node function 720 may transmit 716 scheduling configuration information as a response to the scheduling request. The reader function 710 may receive 718 the scheduling configuration information.
[0122] For example, for Topology 1 and Topology 2, and the reader hardware device that acts as a Common Reader Function (terminal device or reader hardware device) may send scheduling requests to the A-IoT RAN node function 720 for DL / UL resource allocation. Then, the A-IoT RAN node function 720 may send them the scheduling configuration. In the scheduling request, the UL / DL wanted transmission data size may be included.
[0123] As an example, the reader function 710 may control resource scheduling for DL and / or UL of the reader (s) and A-IoT devices. The network side (e.g., A-IoT RAN node function or OAM) assigns (semi-dynamic or static) the radio resources to the A-IoT readers and devices. The reader function 710 may schedule the A-IoT radio resources based on the semi-dynamic or static assigned resources. If the radio resources of the A-IoT reader and devices are updated, the A-IoT radio schedule will be updated correspondingly. This example is available to both Topology 1 and Topology 2, especially when the Reader hardware device is applied.
[0124] In some embodiments, the A-IoT scheduler is a function of the A-IoT reader MAC layer.
[0125] As another example, if a reader hardware device is applied, the semi-dynamic or static A-IoT radio resources may be transmitted from the RAN / OAM / related-CN device to the reader hardware device. For Topology 2, the semi-dynamic or static for A-IoT radio resources may be transmitted from the RAN node to the terminal device acting as a reader via Uu interface. It is noted that the radio resource includes time and / or frequency resources.
[0126] In some embodiments, the scheduling configuration information may be received with an inventory message, or a command message related to the A-IoT device. As shown in FIG. 7C, the A-IoT RAN node function 720 may transmit 722 the inventory message or the command message and the reader function 710 may receive 724 the inventory message or the command message.
[0127] For one A-IoT RAN node function corresponding to multiple common reader functions, there are two possibilities. As one option, the multiple readers may share one set of A-IoT radio resources. For example, three reader functions 710 are related to one A-IoT RAN node function 720. The CN device or RAN device may assign these three readers a 5MHz working bandwidth. For each reader DL / UL transmission, the A-IoT RAN node function 720 or the reader function 710 may need to be considered to avoid radio conflict between readers.
[0128] As another option, the RAN device or the CN device may assign different readers different sets of radio resources. For example, two reader functions 710 are related to one A-IoT RAN node function 720. Reader 1 may be assigned a 2MHz working bandwidth, and Reader 2 may be assigned another 2MHz working bandwidth.
[0129] In view of above, the A-IoT RAN node function 720 may determine the DL / UL transmission radio resource allocation for each option. Optionally, the reader function 710 may determine to allocate the DL / UL transmission radio resources.
[0130] The foregoing embodiments have provided the solutions of reader configuration, interface setup and scheduling / resource allocation. The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide solutions for reader configuration transmission related to handover.
[0131] In some embodiments, the first communication device 510 may be or be included in a terminal device serving by a second RAN network device. The first communication device 510 may transmit the reader configuration information to a fourth RAN network device. The first communication device may be handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device. The first communication device 510 may perform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards an A-IoT device in a service coverage of the fourth RAN network device.
[0132] For Topology 2, the reader in the terminal device may be non-stationary. When the terminal device moves out the coverage of the RAN device, there may be options. As an option, the reader configuration information may be transmitted during the handover, and the terminal device may still act as the reader in the new serving A-IoT RAN node function. And the new A-IoT RAN node function may receive the reader configuration information and may configure itself or may be configured by the CN device, and then takes control of this reader enabled terminal device. Optionally, the new serving A-IoT RAN node function may reject the terminal device to perform as an A-IoT reader once receives the reader configuration.
[0133] As another option, the reader configuration information may be transmitted after the handover. And the terminal device may still act as the reader in the new serving A-IoT RAN node function. And the new A-IoT RAN node function may receive the reader configuration information and may configure itself or may be configured by the CN device, and then takes control of this reader enabled terminal device. Optionally, the new serving A-IoT RAN node function may reject the terminal device to performing as the A-IoT reader once receives the reader configuration.
[0134] As a further option, before handover, the terminal device may send the reader configuration information to the RAN device, and the RAN device (or A-IoT RAN node function) may find a new terminal device to perform as a reader continuously. Optionally, the RAN device may decide if the terminal device may keep the reader configuration information and act as a reader in the new serving RAN device.
[0135] In some embodiments, the first communication device 510 may be or be comprised in a terminal device serving by a second RAN network device. The first communication device 510 may receive, from the third RAN network device, an indication of whether the reader function is maintained in a service coverage of a fourth RAN network device. The first communication device 510 may be handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device. If the first communication device 510 determines that the indication indicating that the reader function is maintained, it may perform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards an A-IoT device in the service coverage of the fourth RAN network device.
[0136] As an example, the RAN device (or A-IoT RAN node function) always stores the corresponding reader configuration. When the RAN device (or A-IoT RAN node function) finds the reader of the terminal device moves out of its coverage, it may indicate to the reader of the terminal device if the configuration is kept or if it can continuously act as a reader. In some embodiments, the RAN device (or A-IoT RAN node function) may forward this reader configuration to the new serving RAN device (or A-IoT RAN node function) , i.e., hand out the reader control to another RAN device (or A-IoT RAN node function) .
[0137] As another example, the reader configuration information may be transmitted after the handover. The terminal device may send the reader configuration information to the new RAN device, and the new RAN device forwards this reader configuration information to the old RAN device. The old RAN device may find another new terminal device and send this reader configuration information to the new terminal device.
[0138] In some embodiments, the first communication device may be or be included in a terminal device serving by a second RAN network device. If the first communication device determines an on-going A-IoT service, it may cease the A-IoT service after the terminal device is handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device. Alternatively, If the first communication device determines an on-going A-IoT device, it may continue the A-IoT service in the service coverage of the fourth RAN network device after the terminal device is handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device.
[0139] For example, if an A-IoT UE reader is handover to another RAN device, the A-IoT UE reader will stop to provide the A-IoT service even if there is ongoing transmission between the device and the reader.
[0140] Optionally, the A-IoT UE reader will be continuous to provide the A-IoT service if there is no other release indication.
[0141] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, there are solutions for scenarios such as A-IoT devices are in an inventory round and / or communicating with the NW is a device context. The following will describe in detail.
[0142] While a first inventory round is on-going, an A-IoT device receives, from a reader, a second inventory message for a second inventory round. In response to reception of the second inventory message, the A-IoT device terminates the first inventory round and initiates the second inventory round for the second inventory message.
[0143] For example, an A-IoT device is in an ongoing inventory round and waiting for access. If this A-IoT device receives another inventory of a different inventory round, it may join the new incoming inventory round and leave the ongoing inventory (at least for Device 1) . Then, the A-IoT device fails access to the NW in the ongoing inventory.
[0144] Alternatively, suppose that an A-IoT device accesses the network successfully and communicates with the network, and this A-IoT device receives another inventory message. In that case, the A-IoT device may go to the new inventory round and terminate the current communication.
[0145] Therefore, the CN device or the reader device (which may be the terminal device, the RAN device, or standalone reader hardware) may know if the A-IoT device is in the inventory round and / or communicating with the NW. Otherwise, one inventory may terminate another inventory. If the A-IoT device is in an inventory round and / or communicating with the NW, it could be an A-IoT device's context stored in the reader and / or A-IoT CN device. In some examples, a list may be maintained to store the related inventory information.
[0146] Further, a communication device (e.g., the CN device or the reader device) detects whether an inventory message is transmitted to an A-IoT device. If the communication device determines that the inventory message is transmitted to the A-IoT device, it updates context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in an inventoried status. If the communication device determines that an inventory round corresponding to the inventory message is completed, it updates the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in a non-inventoried status.
[0147] In some embodiments, the communication device may detect whether the A-IoT device is accessing to a network. Then the communication device may update, based on a result of the detection, the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate whether the A-IoT device is accessing to the network.
[0148] In some embodiments, the communication device may determine, based on the context information of the A-IoT device, whether a further inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device. If the communication device determines that the inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device, it may cause a transmission of the further inventory message to the A-IoT device.
[0149] In some embodiments, if the communication device determines that the context information indicating a non-inventoried status of the A-IoT device, it may determine that the further inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device.
[0150] In some embodiments, an A-IoT CN device may send the estimated number of A-IoT devices in an inventory, and a reader device may generate the query or query-like parameters based on the estimated number of the A-IoT devices. The estimated number of devices only applies to the inventory of all A-IoT devices in a reader's service area. For example, if the estimated number of A-IoT devices is 100, the reader device may generate a query-like parameter value of 128 or 256. The reader device may inventory the A-IoT devices based on the query-like parameter value, e.g., by assigning the A-IoT devices with different numbers of transmission slots and transmitting an inventory message to an A-IoT device in the assigned number of transmission slot.
[0151] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 800 implemented at a first communication device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 800 will be described from the perspective of the first communication device 510 in FIGS. 5A to 6C.
[0152] At block 810, the first communication device 510 receives, from a second communication device, reader configuration information associated with a reader function of the first communication device.
[0153] At block 820, the first communication device 510 performs, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a radio interface towards an A-IoT device.
[0154] In some example embodiments, the reader configuration information comprises at least one of the following: a reader identity (ID) assigned for the reader function of the first communication device, a physical layer-related configuration, a media access control (MAC) layer-related configuration, a paging-related configuration, a segmentation-related configuration, an access layer security parameter or configuration, or a configuration for an intermediate node selection criteria.
[0155] In some example embodiments, the physical layer-related configuration indicates at least one of the following: a first frequency configuration for a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission, a second frequency configuration for a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission, a continuous wave (CW) or backscattering signal, an indication of whether the first communication device acting as a reader providing the CW or backscattering signal, at least one timing configuration between R2D transmissions, between D2R transmissions, and / or between a R2D transmission and a D2R transmission, a configuration for synchronization signaling, a configuration related to a preamble, a configuration related to a transport block size, or a configuration related to a transmission repetition.
[0156] In some example embodiments, the MAC layer-related configuration indicates at least one of the following: a configuration related to contention-based access, a configuration related to non-contention-based access, or a configuration related to a random access mode.
[0157] In some example embodiments, the reader configuration information is determined based on a type of the A-IoT device; and / or wherein the reader configuration information comprises at least one of the following: at least one configuration to set up the reader function, at least one configuration to update the reader function, at least one configuration to reset the reader function.
[0158] In some example embodiments, the reader configuration information comprises: a plurality of configurations for a plurality of reader functions, respectively, in the first communication device, and a plurality of reader IDs assigned for the plurality of reader functions.
[0159] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: transmit, to the second communication device, a first response to the reader configuration information, and wherein the response comprises at least one of the following: an acknowledgement of the reader configuration information, a reader ID assigned for the reader function of the first communication device, location information of the first communication device, a failure indication associated with the reader configuration information.
[0160] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: receive, from the second communication device, an activation indication to activate the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information; perform the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards the A-IoT device, based on the activated reader configuration information or the activated at least one configuration; and transmit, to the second communication device, a second response to the activation indication.
[0161] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: receive, from the second communication device, a release indication to release the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information, the release indication comprising at least one of the following: at least one reader ID corresponding to the reader configuration information or at least one configuration ID, or a release reason; in response to the release indication, release the reader configuration information or the at least one configuration; and transmit, to the second communication device, a third response to the release indication.
[0162] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: receive, from the second communication device, a deactivation indication to deactivate the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information, the deactivate indication comprising at least one of the following: at least one reader ID corresponding to the reader configuration information or at least one configuration ID, or a deactivation reason; in response to the deactivation indication, deactivate the reader configuration information or the at least one configuration; and transmit, to the second communication device, a fourth response to the release indication.
[0163] In some example embodiments, the first communication device is or is comprised in a first radio access network (RAN) network device, a first terminal device or a first standalone reader device, and the second communication device is or is comprised in a core network device; or wherein the first communication device is or is comprised in a second terminal device or a second standalone reader device, and the second communication device is or is comprised in a second RAN network device, or wherein the first communication device is or is comprised in a distributed unit (DU) of a third RAN network device, and the second communication device is or is comprised in a centralized unit (CU) of the third RAN network device.
[0164] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: receive, from the second communication device, a first interface setup request to set up an interface between the first communication device and the second communication device; and transmit, to the second communication device, a first interface setup response to the first interface setup request; and wherein the reader configuration information is received from the second communication device after the first interface setup request or is comprised in the first interface setup request.
[0165] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: transmit, to the second communication device, a second interface setup request to set up an interface between the first communication device and the second communication device; and receive, from the second communication device, a second interface setup response to the second interface setup request; and wherein the reader configuration information is received from the second communication device after the second interface setup response or is comprised in the second interface setup response.
[0166] In some example embodiments, the first interface setup request or the second interface setup request comprises at least one of the following: an identity of the second communication device, an identity of the first communication device, a reader identity for the first communication device, an inventory request on the A-IoT device, at least one command to be transmitted the A-IoT device, or a report comprising information received from the A-IoT device.
[0167] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: receive, from an A-IoT RAN node function, scheduling configuration information indicating a resource allocation for communication between the reader function and the A-IoT device; or determine a resource allocation for communication between the reader function and the A-IoT device.
[0168] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: transmit a scheduling request to the A-IoT RAN node function; and receive, from an A-IoT RAN node function, scheduling configuration information as a response to the scheduling request.
[0169] In some example embodiments, the scheduling configuration information is received with an inventory message or a command message related to the A-IoT device.
[0170] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: transmit the reader configuration information to a fourth RAN network device, the first communication device being handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device; and perform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards an A-IoT device in a service coverage of the fourth RAN network device.
[0171] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: receive, from the third RAN network device, an indication of whether the reader function is maintained in a service coverage of a fourth RAN network device, the first communication device being handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device; and in accordance with a determination that the indication indicating that the reader function is maintained, perform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards an A-IoT device in the service coverage of the fourth RAN network device.
[0172] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: in accordance with a determination of an on-going A-IoT service, cease the A-IoT service after the terminal device is handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device; or in accordance with a determination of an on-going A-IoT device, continue the A-IoT service in the service coverage of the fourth RAN network device after the terminal device is handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device.
[0173] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 900 implemented at an A-IoT device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 900 will be described from the perspective of the A-IoT device 505 in FIG. 5A.
[0174] At block 910, while a first inventory round is on-going, the A-IoT device 505 receives, from a reader, a second inventory message for a second inventory round.
[0175] At block 920, in response to reception of the second inventory message, the A-IoT device 505 terminates the first inventory round and initiates the second inventory round for the second inventory message.
[0176] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1000 implemented at a communication device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The communication device may be a CN device or a reader device (e.g., the first communication device 110 which is configured to act as a reader device for A-IoT devices) .
[0177] At block 1010, the communication device detects whether an inventory message is transmitted to an A-IoT device. and
[0178] At block 1020, in accordance with a determination that the inventory message is transmitted to the A-IoT device, the communication device updates context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in an inventoried status.
[0179] At block 1030, in accordance with a determination that an inventory round corresponding to the inventory message is completed, the communication device updates the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in a non-inventoried status.
[0180] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: detect whether the A-IoT device is accessing to a network; and update, based on a result of the detection, the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate whether the A-IoT device is accessing to the network
[0181] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: determine, based on the context information of the A-IoT device, whether a further inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device; and in accordance with a determination that the inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device, cause a transmission of the further inventory message to the A-IoT device.
[0182] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: in accordance with a determination that the context information indicating a non-inventoried status of the A-IoT device, determining that the further inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device.
[0183] In some example embodiments, the communication device is or is comprised in a core network device or in a reader to the A-IoT device.
[0184] FIG. 11 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1100 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1100 can be considered as a further example implementation of any of the devices as shown in FIGS. 5A to 10. Accordingly, the device 1100 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the A-IoT device, the first communication device 510, or the second communication device 520.
[0185] As shown, the device 1100 includes a processor 1110, a memory 1120 coupled to the processor 1110, a suitable transceiver 1140 coupled to the processor 1110, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 1140. The memory 1120 stores at least a part of a program 1130. The transceiver 1140 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 1140 may include at least one of a transmitter 1142 and a receiver 1144. The transmitter 1142 and the receiver 1144 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 1140 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0186] The program 1130 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 1110, enable the device 1100 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 5A to 10. The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 1110 of the device 1100, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 1110 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 1110 and memory 1120 may form processing means 1150 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0187] The memory 1120 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 1120 is shown in the device 1100, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 1100. The processor 1110 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1100 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0188] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first communication device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a second communication device, reader configuration information associated with a reader function of the first communication device; and perform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a radio interface towards an A-IoT device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the first communication device as discussed above.
[0189] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, an A-IoT device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: while a first inventory round is on-going, receive, from a reader, a second inventory message for a second inventory round; in response to reception of the second inventory message, terminate the first inventory round, and initiate the second inventory round for the second inventory message. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the A-IoT device as discussed above.
[0190] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a communication device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: detect whether an inventory message is transmitted to an A-IoT device; and in accordance with a determination that the inventory message is transmitted to the A-IoT device, update context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in an inventoried status; and in accordance with a determination that an inventory round corresponding to the inventory message is completed, update the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in a non-inventoried status. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the communication device as discussed above.
[0191] The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0192] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first communication device is provided. The first communication device comprises means for receiving, from a second communication device, reader configuration information associated with a reader function of the first communication device; and means for performing, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a radio interface towards an A-IoT device. In some embodiments, the first communication device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 800. In some example embodiments, the first communication device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 800. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0193] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, an A-IoT device is provided. The A-IoT device comprises means for whiling a first inventory round is on-going, receive, from a reader, a second inventory message for a second inventory round; in response to reception of the second inventory message, means for terminating the first inventory round, and means for initiating the second inventory round for the second inventory message. In some embodiments, the A-IoT device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 900. In some example embodiments, the A-IoT device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 900. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0194] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided. The communication device comprises means for detecting whether an inventory message is transmitted to an A-IoT device; and means for in accordance with a determination that the inventory message is transmitted to the A-IoT device, updateing context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in an inventoried status; and means for in accordance with a determination that an inventory round corresponding to the inventory message is completed, updateing the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in a non-inventoried status. In some embodiments, the communication device may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1000. In some example embodiments, the communication device may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1000. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0195] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following aspects.
[0196] In an aspect, it is proposed a first communication device comprising: a processor configured to cause the first communication device to: receive, from a second communication device, reader configuration information associated with a reader function of the first communication device; and perform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a radio interface towards an A-IoT device.
[0197] In some embodiments, the reader configuration information comprises at least one of the following: a reader identity (ID) assigned for the reader function of the first communication device, a physical layer-related configuration, a media access control (MAC) layer-related configuration, a paging-related configuration, a segmentation-related configuration, an access layer security parameter or configuration, or a configuration for an intermediate node selection criteria.
[0198] In some embodiments, the physical layer-related configuration indicates at least one of the following: a first frequency configuration for a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission, a second frequency configuration for a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission, a continuous wave (CW) or backscattering signal, an indication of whether the first communication device acting as a reader providing the CW or backscattering signal, at least one timing configuration between R2D transmissions, between D2R transmissions, and / or between a R2D transmission and a D2R transmission, a configuration for synchronization signaling, a configuration related to a preamble, a configuration related to a transport block size, or a configuration related to a transmission repetition.
[0199] In some embodiments, the MAC layer-related configuration indicates at least one of the following: a configuration related to contention-based access, a configuration related to non-contention-based access, or a configuration related to a random access mode.
[0200] In some embodiments, the reader configuration information is determined based on a type of the A-IoT device; and / or wherein the reader configuration information comprises at least one of the following: at least one configuration to set up the reader function, at least one configuration to update the reader function, at least one configuration to reset the reader function.
[0201] In some embodiments, the reader configuration information comprises: a plurality of configurations for a plurality of reader functions, respectively, in the first communication device, and a plurality of reader IDs assigned for the plurality of reader functions.
[0202] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: transmit, to the second communication device, a first response to the reader configuration information, and wherein the response comprises at least one of the following: an acknowledgement of the reader configuration information, a reader ID assigned for the reader function of the first communication device, location information of the first communication device, a failure indication associated with the reader configuration information.
[0203] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: receive, from the second communication device, an activation indication to activate the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information; perform the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards the A-IoT device, based on the activated reader configuration information or the activated at least one configuration; and transmit, to the second communication device, a second response to the activation indication.
[0204] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: receive, from the second communication device, a release indication to release the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information, the release indication comprising at least one of the following: at least one reader ID corresponding to the reader configuration information or at least one configuration ID, or a release reason; in response to the release indication, release the reader configuration information or the at least one configuration; and transmit, to the second communication device, a third response to the release indication.
[0205] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: receive, from the second communication device, a deactivation indication to deactivate the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information, the deactivate indication comprising at least one of the following: at least one reader ID corresponding to the reader configuration information or at least one configuration ID, or a deactivation reason; in response to the deactivation indication, deactivate the reader configuration information or the at least one configuration; and transmit, to the second communication device, a fourth response to the release indication.
[0206] In some embodiments, the first communication device is or is comprised in a first radio access network (RAN) network device, a first terminal device or a first standalone reader device, and the second communication device is or is comprised in a core network device; or wherein the first communication device is or is comprised in a second terminal device or a second standalone reader device, and the second communication device is or is comprised in a second RAN network device, or wherein the first communication device is or is comprised in a distributed unit (DU) of a third RAN network device, and the second communication device is or is comprised in a centralized unit (CU) of the third RAN network device.
[0207] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: receive, from the second communication device, a first interface setup request to set up an interface between the first communication device and the second communication device; and transmit, to the second communication device, a first interface setup response to the first interface setup request; and wherein the reader configuration information is received from the second communication device after the first interface setup request or is comprised in the first interface setup request.
[0208] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: transmit, to the second communication device, a second interface setup request to set up an interface between the first communication device and the second communication device; and receive, from the second communication device, a second interface setup response to the second interface setup request; and wherein the reader configuration information is received from the second communication device after the second interface setup response or is comprised in the second interface setup response.
[0209] In some embodiments, the first interface setup request or the second interface setup request comprises at least one of the following: an identity of the second communication device, an identity of the first communication device, a reader identity for the first communication device, an inventory request on the A-IoT device, at least one command to be transmitted the A-IoT device, or a report comprising information received from the A-IoT device.
[0210] In some embodiments, the first communication device comprises the reader function, and wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: receive, from an A-IoT RAN node function, scheduling configuration information indicating a resource allocation for communication between the reader function and the A-IoT device; or determine a resource allocation for communication between the reader function and the A-IoT device.
[0211] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: transmit a scheduling request to the A-IoT RAN node function; and receive, from an A-IoT RAN node function, scheduling configuration information as a response to the scheduling request.
[0212] In some embodiments, the scheduling configuration information is received with an inventory message or a command message related to the A-IoT device.
[0213] In some embodiments, the first communication device is or is comprised in a terminal device serving by a second RAN network device, and wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: transmit the reader configuration information to a fourth RAN network device, the first communication device being handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device; and perform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards an A-IoT device in a service coverage of the fourth RAN network device.
[0214] In some embodiments, the first communication device is or is comprised in a terminal device serving by a second RAN network device, and wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: receive, from the third RAN network device, an indication of whether the reader function is maintained in a service coverage of a fourth RAN network device, the first communication device being handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device; and in accordance with a determination that the indication indicating that the reader function is maintained, perform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards an A-IoT device in the service coverage of the fourth RAN network device.
[0215] In some embodiments, the first communication device is or is comprised in a terminal device serving by a second RAN network device, and wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to: in accordance with a determination of an on-going A-IoT service, cease the A-IoT service after the terminal device is handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device; or in accordance with a determination of an on-going A-IoT device, continue the A-IoT service in the service coverage of the fourth RAN network device after the terminal device is handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device.
[0216] In an aspect, it is proposed An A-IoT device comprising: a processor configured to cause the A-IoT device to: while a first inventory round is on-going, receive, from a reader, a second inventory message for a second inventory round; in response to reception of the second inventory message, terminate the first inventory round, and initiate the second inventory round for the second inventory message.
[0217] In an aspect, it is proposed a communication device, comprising: a processor configured to cause the communication device to: detect whether an inventory message is transmitted to an A-IoT device; and in accordance with a determination that the inventory message is transmitted to the A-IoT device, update context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in an inventoried status; and in accordance with a determination that an inventory round corresponding to the inventory message is completed, update the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in a non-inventoried status.
[0218] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the communication device to: detect whether the A-IoT device is accessing to a network; and update, based on a result of the detection, the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate whether the A-IoT device is accessing to the network
[0219] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the communication device to: determine, based on the context information of the A-IoT device, whether a further inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device; and in accordance with a determination that the inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device, cause a transmission of the further inventory message to the A-IoT device.
[0220] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the communication device to: in accordance with a determination that the context information indicating a non-inventoried status of the A-IoT device, determine that the further inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device.
[0221] In some embodiments, the communication device is or is comprised in a core network device or in a reader to the A-IoT device.
[0222] In an aspect, a first communication device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the first communication device discussed above.
[0223] In an aspect, an A-IoT device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the A-IoT device discussed above.
[0224] In an aspect, a communication device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the communication device discussed above.
[0225] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the first communication device discussed above.
[0226] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the A-IoT device discussed above.
[0227] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the communication device discussed above.
[0228] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the first communication device discussed above.
[0229] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the A-IoT device discussed above.
[0230] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the communication device discussed above.
[0231] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0232] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0233] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0234] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0235] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0236] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first communication device comprising:a processor configured to cause the first communication device to:receive, from a second communication device, reader configuration information associated with a reader function of the first communication device; andperform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a radio interface towards an ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device.2.The device of claim 1, wherein the reader configuration information comprises at least one of the following:a reader identity (ID) assigned for the reader function of the first communication device,a physical layer-related configuration,a media access control (MAC) layer-related configuration,a paging-related configuration,a segmentation-related configuration,an access layer security parameter or configuration, ora configuration for an intermediate node selection criteria.3.The device of claim 2, wherein the physical layer-related configuration indicates at least one of the following:a first frequency configuration for a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission,a second frequency configuration for a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission,a continuous wave (CW) or backscattering signal,an indication of whether the first communication device acting as a reader providing the CW or backscattering signal,at least one timing configuration between R2D transmissions, between D2R transmissions, and / or between a R2D transmission and a D2R transmission,a configuration for synchronization signaling,a configuration related to a preamble,a configuration related to a transport block size, ora configuration related to a transmission repetition.4.The device of claim 2, wherein the MAC layer-related configuration indicates at least one of the following:a configuration related to contention-based access,a configuration related to non-contention-based access, ora configuration related to a random access mode.5.The device of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reader configuration information is determined based on a type of the A-IoT device; and / orwherein the reader configuration information comprises at least one of the following:at least one configuration to set up the reader function,at least one configuration to update the reader function,at least one configuration to reset the reader function.6.The device of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reader configuration information comprises:a plurality of configurations for a plurality of reader functions, respectively, in the first communication device, anda plurality of reader IDs assigned for the plurality of reader functions.7.The device of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:transmit, to the second communication device, a first response to the reader configuration information, andwherein the response comprises at least one of the following:an acknowledgement of the reader configuration information,a reader ID assigned for the reader function of the first communication device,location information of the first communication device,a failure indication associated with the reader configuration information.8.The device of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:receive, from the second communication device, an activation indication to activate the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information;perform the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards the A-IoT device, based on the activated reader configuration information or the activated at least one configuration; andtransmit, to the second communication device, a second response to the activation indication.9.The device of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:receive, from the second communication device, a release indication to release the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information, the release indication comprising at least one of the following: at least one reader ID corresponding to the reader configuration information or at least one configuration ID, or a release reason;in response to the release indication, release the reader configuration information or the at least one configuration; andtransmit, to the second communication device, a third response to the release indication.10.The device of any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:receive, from the second communication device, a deactivation indication to deactivate the reader configuration information or at least one configuration comprised in the reader configuration information, the deactivate indication comprising at least one of the following: at least one reader ID corresponding to the reader configuration information or at least one configuration ID, or a deactivation reason;in response to the deactivation indication, deactivate the reader configuration information or the at least one configuration; andtransmit, to the second communication device, a fourth response to the release indication.11.The device of any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first communication device is or is comprised in a first radio access network (RAN) network device, a first terminal device or a first standalone reader device, and the second communication device is or is comprised in a core network device; orwherein the first communication device is or is comprised in a second terminal device or a second standalone reader device, and the second communication device is or is comprised in a second RAN network device, orwherein the first communication device is or is comprised in a distributed unit (DU) of a third RAN network device, and the second communication device is or is comprised in a centralized unit (CU) of the third RAN network device.12.The device of any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:receive, from the second communication device, a first interface setup request to set up an interface between the first communication device and the second communication device; andtransmit, to the second communication device, a first interface setup response to the first interface setup request; andwherein the reader configuration information is received from the second communication device after the first interface setup request or is comprised in the first interface setup request.13.The device of any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:transmit, to the second communication device, a second interface setup request to set up an interface between the first communication device and the second communication device; andreceive, from the second communication device, a second interface setup response to the second interface setup request; andwherein the reader configuration information is received from the second communication device after the second interface setup response or is comprised in the second interface setup response.14.The device of claim 12 or 13, wherein the first interface setup request or the second interface setup request comprises at least one of the following:an identity of the second communication device,an identity of the first communication device,a reader identity for the first communication device,an inventory request on the A-IoT device,at least one command to be transmitted the A-IoT device, ora report comprising information received from the A-IoT device.15.The device of any of claims 1 to 14, wherein the first communication device comprises the reader function, and wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:receive, from an A-IoT RAN node function, scheduling configuration information indicating a resource allocation for communication between the reader function and the A-IoT device; ordetermine a resource allocation for communication between the reader function and the A-IoT device.16.The device of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:transmit a scheduling request to the A-IoT RAN node function; andreceive, from an A-IoT RAN node function, scheduling configuration information as a response to the scheduling request.17.The device of claim 15 or 16, wherein the scheduling configuration information is received with an inventory message or a command message related to the A-IoT device.18.The device of any of claims 1 to 17, wherein the first communication device is or is comprised in a terminal device serving by a second RAN network device, and wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:transmit the reader configuration information to a fourth RAN network device, the first communication device being handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device; andperform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards an A-IoT device in a service coverage of the fourth RAN network device.19.The device of any of claims 1 to 17, wherein the first communication device is or is comprised in a terminal device serving by a second RAN network device, and wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:receive, from the third RAN network device, an indication of whether the reader function is maintained in a service coverage of a fourth RAN network device, the first communication device being handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device; andin accordance with a determination that the indication indicating that the reader function is maintained, perform, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a-radio interface towards an A-IoT device in the service coverage of the fourth RAN network device.20.The device of any of claim 18 or 19, wherein the first communication device is or is comprised in a terminal device serving by a second RAN network device, and wherein the processor is further configured to cause the first communication device to:in accordance with a determination of an on-going A-IoT service, cease the A-IoT service after the terminal device is handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device; orin accordance with a determination of an on-going A-IoT device, continue the A-IoT service in the service coverage of the fourth RAN network device after the terminal device is handed over from the second RAN network device to the fourth RAN network device.21.An ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device comprising:a processor configured to cause the A-IoT device to:while a first inventory round is on-going, receive, from a reader, a second inventory message for a second inventory round;in response to reception of the second inventory message,terminate the first inventory round, andinitiate the second inventory round for the second inventory message.22.A communication device, comprising:a processor configured to cause the communication device to:detect whether an inventory message is transmitted to an ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device; andin accordance with a determination that the inventory message is transmitted to the A-IoT device, update context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in an inventoried status; andin accordance with a determination that an inventory round corresponding to the inventory message is completed, update the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in a non-inventoried status.23.The device of claim 22, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the communication device to:detect whether the A-IoT device is accessing to a network; andupdate, based on a result of the detection, the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate whether the A-IoT device is accessing to the network.24.The device of claim 22 or 23, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the communication device to:determine, based on the context information of the A-IoT device, whether a further inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device; andin accordance with a determination that the inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device, cause a transmission of the further inventory message to the A-IoT device.25.The device of claim 24, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the communication device to:in accordance with a determination that the context information indicating a non-inventoried status of the A-IoT device, determine that the further inventory message is to be transmitted to the A-IoT device.26.The device of any of claims 22 to 25, wherein the communication device is or is comprised in a core network device or in a reader to the A-IoT device.27.A communication method implemented at a first communication device, comprising:receiving, from a second communication device, reader configuration information associated with a reader function of the first communication device; andperforming, based on the reader configuration information, the reader function to provide a radio interface towards an ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device.28.A communication method implemented at an ambient Internet of Things (A- IoT) device, comprising:while a first inventory round is on-going, receiving, from a reader, a second inventory message for a second inventory round;in response to reception of the second inventory message,terminating the first inventory round, andinitiating the second inventory round for the second inventory message.29.A communication method implemented at a communication device, comprising:detecting whether an inventory message is transmitted to an ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device; andin accordance with a determination that the inventory message is transmitted to the A-IoT device, updating context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in an inventoried status; andin accordance with a determination that an inventory round corresponding to the inventory message is completed, updating the context information of the A-IoT device to indicate that the A-IoT device is in a non-inventoried status.30.A computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method according to any of claims 27-29.
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