Method and apparatus for signal transmission considering slot type in communication system

Abstract

A method for a terminal comprises the steps of: measuring a signal received from a base station; selecting one random access channel (RACH) occasion (RO) from among a legacy RO and an additional RO, on the basis that measured reference signal received power (RSRP) of the signal is greater than or equal to an RSRP threshold value; and transmitting a random access (RA) preamble to the base station in the one RO.

Description

Method and device for signal transmission considering slot type in communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to communication technology, and more particularly, to a technology for transmitting and receiving data considering a slot type in a communication system.

[0002] With the advancement of information and communication technology, various wireless communication technologies are being developed. Representative wireless communication technologies include LTE (long term evolution) and NR (new radio), both of which are defined by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standards. LTE can be one of the 4th generation (4G) wireless communication technologies, and NR can be one of the 5th generation (5G) wireless communication technologies.

[0003] To handle the rapidly increasing volume of wireless data following the commercialization of 4G communication systems (e.g., communication systems supporting LTE), 5G communication systems (e.g., communication systems supporting NR) that utilize higher frequency bands (e.g., frequency bands higher than 6 GHz) than the frequency bands of 4G communication systems (e.g., frequency bands below 6 GHz) are being considered. 5G communication systems can support enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC), and massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC). Discussions are ongoing regarding 6G communication systems that will follow 5G communication systems.

[0004] Meanwhile, if a terminal is located at the edge of a base station's coverage area, communication quality between the terminal and the base station may deteriorate. In this case, the terminal may not be able to communicate with the base station. Methods to address the above-mentioned issues are needed.

[0005] The purpose of the present disclosure to solve the above problems is to provide a method and device for transmitting and receiving data based on slot type in a communication system.

[0006] According to embodiments of the present disclosure for achieving the above object, a method of a terminal includes: measuring a signal received from a base station; selecting one RO from among a legacy RO (RACH (random access channel) occasion) and an additional RO based on a measured RSRP (reference signal received power) of the signal being equal to or greater than an RSRP threshold; and transmitting a RA (random access) preamble to the base station from the one RO.

[0007] The above legacy RO may be valid in an N-SBFD (non-subband full duplex) resource, the above additional RO may be valid in an SBFD resource or a resource area where the SBFD resource and the N-SBFD resource are continuous, and the terminal may support an SBFD operation.

[0008] The method of the terminal may further include a step of retransmitting the RA preamble from the one RO based on a failure in transmission of the RA preamble, and the transmission power for retransmission of the RA preamble may be determined based on a power ramping counter and a power ramping step.

[0009] The power ramping counter may be incremented for each retransmission of the RA preamble, regardless of the RO type through which the RA preamble is transmitted, and the RO type may be classified into the legacy RO and the additional RO.

[0010] The above power ramping step may be set commonly for the legacy RO and the additional RO or may be set independently for each of the legacy RO and the additional RO.

[0011] The transmission power of a channel containing a hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) for msg3 (message3) or msg4 may be determined based on the transmission power for the most recent transmission of the RA preamble.

[0012] The method of the terminal may further include the steps of: receiving information on the maximum number of transmissions of the RA preamble from the base station; changing an RO type from the one RO to another RO based on the number of transmission failures of the RA preamble exceeding the maximum number of transmissions; and attempting transmission of the RA preamble in the other RO, wherein if the one RO is the legacy RO, the other RO may be the additional RO, and if the one RO is the additional RO, the other RO may be the legacy RO.

[0013] Based on the change in the RO type in which the RA preamble is transmitted, a power ramping counter for determining the transmission power of the RA preamble may be increased.

[0014] The method of the terminal may further include: selecting an RO other than the one RO among the legacy RO and the additional RO based on the measured RSRP being less than the RSRP threshold; and transmitting the RA preamble to the base station in the other RO, wherein if the one RO is the legacy RO, the other RO may be the additional RO, and if the one RO is the additional RO, the other RO may be the legacy RO.

[0015] The method of the terminal may further include a step of receiving information on the RSRP threshold from the base station, and the RSRP threshold may be set for selection of the one RO.

[0016] Based on the fact that the RO type to which the RA preamble is transmitted is not indicated by the base station, the terminal may select one of the legacy RO and the additional RO based on a comparison result between the measured RSRP and the RSRP threshold.

[0017] According to embodiments of the present disclosure for achieving the above object, a terminal includes at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor causes the terminal to measure a signal received from a base station; select one RO from among a legacy RO (RACH (random access channel) occasion) and an additional RO based on a measured RSRP (reference signal received power) of the signal being less than an RSRP threshold; and transmit a RA (random access) preamble to the base station in the one RO.

[0018] The above legacy RO may be valid in an N-SBFD (non-subband full duplex) resource, the above additional RO may be valid in an SBFD resource or a resource area where the SBFD resource and the N-SBFD resource are continuous, and the terminal may support an SBFD operation.

[0019] The at least one processor may further cause the terminal to retransmit the RA preamble in the one RO based on a failure in transmission of the RA preamble, and a transmission power for retransmission of the RA preamble may be determined based on a power ramping counter and a power ramping step.

[0020] The power ramping counter may be incremented for each retransmission of the RA preamble, regardless of the RO type through which the RA preamble is transmitted, and the RO type may be classified into the legacy RO and the additional RO.

[0021] The above power ramping step may be set commonly for the legacy RO and the additional RO or may be set independently for each of the legacy RO and the additional RO.

[0022] The transmission power of a channel containing a hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) for msg3 (message3) or msg4 may be determined based on the transmission power for the most recent transmission of the RA preamble.

[0023] The at least one processor may further cause the terminal to receive information on a maximum number of transmissions of the RA preamble from the base station; change an RO type from the one RO to another RO based on a number of transmission failures of the RA preamble exceeding the maximum number of transmissions; and attempt transmission of the RA preamble in the other RO, wherein if the one RO is the legacy RO, the other RO may be the additional RO, and if the one RO is the additional RO, the other RO may be the legacy RO.

[0024] Based on the change in the RO type in which the RA preamble is transmitted, a power ramping counter for determining the transmission power of the RA preamble may be increased.

[0025] Based on the fact that the RO type to which the RA preamble is transmitted is not indicated by the base station, the terminal may select one of the legacy RO and the additional RO based on a comparison result between the measured RSRP and the RSRP threshold.

[0026] According to the present disclosure, a terminal can perform a subband full duplex (SBFD) operation, and a legacy RO (RACH (random access channel) occasion) and an SBFD RO (e.g., an additional RO) can be configured. The terminal can select one of the legacy RO and the SBFD RO based on a comparison result between a measured reference signal received power (RSRP) and an RSRP threshold, and can transmit a random access (RA) preamble on the selected one. When both the legacy RO and the SBFD RO are configured, ambiguity may occur in selecting an RO used for transmitting the RA preamble. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, since the terminal selects one RO based on a comparison result between the measured RSRP and the RSRP threshold, the ambiguity problem in selecting the RO can be resolved. Therefore, even if the terminal supports the SBFD operation, the RA procedure can be performed without a problem, and the performance of the communication system can be improved.

[0027] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of a communication system.

[0028] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating embodiments of communication nodes constituting a communication system.

[0029] FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of subband filtering masks for DL ​​subbands and UL subbands in an SD symbol.

[0030] FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of slot patterns (e.g., TDD slot patterns) including SD symbols.

[0031] Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of a base station implementing a TDD system.

[0032] Figure 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of a base station implementing SBFD operation.

[0033] Figure 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of a base station implementing SBFD operation.

[0034] Figure 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of a base station implementing SBFD operation.

[0035] Figure 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method for transmitting HARQ-ACK for a PDSCH dynamically scheduled to a terminal.

[0036] Figure 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method for transmitting HARQ-ACK for a PDSCH scheduled semi-persistently to a terminal.

[0037] Figure 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating time resources and frequency resources in a communication system supporting SBFD operation.

[0038] Figure 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a PUCCH transmission method for SPS PDSCH.

[0039] Figure 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a PUCCH transmission method for SPS PDSCH.

[0040] This disclosure may be subject to various modifications and various embodiments. Specific embodiments are illustrated and described in detail in the drawings. However, this is not intended to limit the disclosure to specific embodiments, but rather to encompass all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and technical scope of the disclosure.

[0041] While terms such as "first" and "second" may be used to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, a first component could be referred to as a "second component," and similarly, a second component could also be referred to as a "first component." The term "and / or" encompasses any combination of multiple related items or any one of multiple related items.

[0042] In embodiments of the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of combinations of one or more of A and B.” Furthermore, in embodiments of the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of combinations of one or more of A and B.”

[0043] When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but that there may be other components intervening. Conversely, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components intervening.

[0044] The terminology used in this disclosure is only used to describe specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "comprises" or "has" indicate the presence of a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined herein.

[0046] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. In order to facilitate an overall understanding in describing the present disclosure, identical reference numerals will be used for identical components in the drawings, and redundant descriptions of identical components will be omitted.

[0047] A communication system to which embodiments according to the present disclosure are applied will be described. The communication system to which embodiments according to the present disclosure are applied is not limited to the scope described below, and embodiments according to the present disclosure can be applied to various communication systems. Here, the term "communication system" may be used interchangeably with "communication network."

[0048] In an embodiment, "an operation (e.g., a transmission operation) is set" may mean that "setting information for the operation (e.g., information, information elements, parameters)" and / or "information instructing performance of the operation" are signaled. "Information (e.g., information elements, parameters) is set" may mean that the information is signaled. The signaling may be at least one of SI (system information) signaling (e.g., transmission of a SIB (system information block) and / or MIB (master information block)), RRC signaling (e.g., transmission of an RRC message, an RRC parameter, and / or an upper layer parameter), MAC signaling (e.g., transmission of a MAC message and / or a MAC CE (control element)), or PHY signaling (e.g., transmission of a PHY message, DCI (downlink control information), UCI (uplink control information), and / or SCI (sidelink control information)).

[0049] A message for SI signaling may be referred to as an SI message, a message for RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, a message for MAC CE signaling may be referred to as a MAC message, and a message for PHY signaling may be referred to as a PHY message. The above-described messages may be expressed as a first message, a second message, a third message, etc.

[0050] In the present disclosure, a phrase including “if (e.g., when ~)” can be expressed as a phrase including “based on (e.g., based on ~)” or a phrase including “in response to (e.g., in response to ~)”. In other words, a phrase including “if ~)” can be interpreted as being identical or similar to a phrase including “based on” or a phrase including “in response to”.

[0051] In this disclosure, "time" may refer to a time point, and "time point" may refer to time. "Time" and "point point" may be used interchangeably. The reception time of a signal or channel may refer to the start time of reception or the end time of reception. The transmission time of a signal or channel may refer to the start time of transmission or the end time of transmission.

[0052] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of a communication system.

[0053] Referring to FIG. 1, the communication system (100) may include a plurality of communication nodes (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6). In addition, the communication system (100) may further include a core network (e.g., a serving-gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN)-gateway (P-GW), a mobility management entity (MME)). If the communication system (100) is a 5G communication system (e.g., a new radio (NR) system), the core network may include an access and mobility management function (AMF), a user plane function (UPF), a session management function (SMF), etc.

[0054] A plurality of communication nodes (110 to 130) can support a communication protocol specified in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standard (e.g., LTE communication protocol, LTE-A communication protocol, NR communication protocol, etc.). The plurality of communication nodes (110 to 130) may support CDMA (code division multiple access) technology, WCDMA (wideband CDMA) technology, TDMA (time division multiple access) technology, FDMA (frequency division multiple access) technology, OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) technology, Filtered OFDM technology, CP (cyclic prefix)-OFDM technology, DFT-s-OFDM (discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM) technology, OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) technology, SC (single carrier)-FDMA technology, NOMA (non-orthogonal multiple access) technology, GFDM (generalized frequency division multiplexing) technology, FBMC (filter bank multi-carrier) technology, UFMC (universal filtered multi-carrier) technology, SDMA (space division multiple access) technology, etc. Each of the plurality of communication nodes may have the following structure.

[0055] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating embodiments of communication nodes constituting a communication system.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 2, a communication node (200) may include at least one processor (210), a memory (220), and a transmission / reception device (230) that is connected to a network and performs communication. In addition, the communication node (200) may further include an input interface device (240), an output interface device (250), a storage device (260), etc. Each component included in the communication node (200) may be connected by a bus (270) and communicate with each other.

[0057] However, each component included in the communication node (200) may be connected through an individual interface or individual bus centered around the processor (210), rather than a common bus (270). For example, the processor (210) may be connected to at least one of a memory (220), a transmission / reception device (230), an input interface device (240), an output interface device (250), and a storage device (260) through a dedicated interface.

[0058] The processor (210) can execute program commands stored in at least one of the memory (220) and the storage device (260). The processor (210) may refer to a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor in which the methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure are performed. Each of the memory (220) and the storage device (260) may be configured with at least one of a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium. For example, the memory (220) may be configured with at least one of a read-only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).

[0059] Referring again to FIG. 1, the communication system (100) may include a plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) and a plurality of terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6). Each of the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) may form a macro cell. Each of the fourth base station (120-1) and the fifth base station (120-2) may form a small cell. The fourth base station (120-1), the third terminal (130-3), and the fourth terminal (130-4) may be within the cell coverage of the first base station (110-1). The second terminal (130-2), the fourth terminal (130-4), and the fifth terminal (130-5) may be within the cell coverage of the second base station (110-2). The fifth base station (120-2), the fourth terminal (130-4), the fifth terminal (130-5), and the sixth terminal (130-6) may be within the cell coverage of the third base station (110-3). The first terminal (130-1) may be within the cell coverage of the fourth base station (120-1). The sixth terminal (130-6) may be within the cell coverage of the fifth base station (120-2).

[0060] Here, each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may be referred to as a NodeB (NB), an evolved NodeB (eNB), a gNB, an advanced base station (ABS), a high reliability-base station (HR-BS), a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, an access point, an access node, a radio access station (RAS), a mobile multihop relay-base station (MMR-BS), a relay station (RS), an advanced relay station (ARS), a high reliability-relay station (HR-RS), a home NodeB (HNB), a home eNodeB (HeNB), a road side unit (RSU), a radio remote head (RRH), a transmission point (TP), a transmission and reception point (TRP), etc.

[0061] Each of the plurality of terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) may be referred to as a user equipment (UE), terminal equipment (TE), advanced mobile station (AMS), high reliability-mobile station (HR-MS), terminal, access terminal, mobile terminal, station, subscriber station, mobile station, portable subscriber station, node, device, on board unit (OBU), etc.

[0062] Meanwhile, each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may operate in a different frequency band or may operate in the same frequency band. Each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may be connected to each other via an ideal backhaul link or a non-ideal backhaul link, and may exchange information with each other via the ideal backhaul link or the non-ideal backhaul link. Each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may be connected to the core network via the ideal backhaul link or the non-ideal backhaul link. Each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) can transmit a signal received from the core network to the corresponding terminal (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6), and can transmit a signal received from the corresponding terminal (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) to the core network.

[0063] Additionally, each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may support multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transmission (e.g., single user (SU)-MIMO, multi user (MU)-MIMO, massive MIMO, etc.), coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission, carrier aggregation (CA) transmission, transmission in an unlicensed band, device to device communication (D2D) (or, proximity services (ProSe)), Internet of Things (IoT) communication, dual connectivity (DC), etc. Here, each of the plurality of terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) can perform an operation corresponding to the base station (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) and an operation supported by the base station (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2). For example, the second base station (110-2) can transmit a signal to the fourth terminal (130-4) based on the SU-MIMO scheme, and the fourth terminal (130-4) can receive a signal from the second base station (110-2) by the SU-MIMO scheme. Alternatively, the second base station (110-2) can transmit signals to the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5) based on the MU-MIMO method, and each of the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5) can receive signals from the second base station (110-2) based on the MU-MIMO method.

[0064] Each of the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) can transmit a signal to the fourth terminal (130-4) based on the CoMP scheme, and the fourth terminal (130-4) can receive a signal from the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) based on the CoMP scheme. Each of the plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) can transmit and receive a signal with terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) within its cell coverage based on the CA scheme. Each of the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) can control D2D between the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5), and each of the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5) can perform D2D under the control of the second base station (110-2) and the third base station (110-3).

[0065] Next, the operating methods of communication nodes in a communication system will be described. Even if a method (e.g., signal transmission or reception) performed by a first communication node among communication nodes is described, a corresponding second communication node can perform a method (e.g., signal reception or transmission) corresponding to the method performed by the first communication node. In other words, if the operation of a terminal is described, the corresponding base station can perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the terminal. Conversely, if the operation of a base station is described, the corresponding terminal can perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the base station.

[0066] To reduce data error rates, a lower modulation and coding scheme (MCS) level (e.g., a lower MCS index) can be applied. To prevent the size of the field indicated by the downlink control information (DCI) from increasing, the most frequently used MCS(s) can be selected. Subsequently, to apply a lower MCS, a repetitive transmission operation can be supported. Since quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) has the lowest modulation rate, this can further reduce the code rate. In particular, since the transmit power in uplink (UL) transmission is limited, the repetitive transmission operation can be performed in the time domain rather than the frequency domain.

[0067] eMBB (enhanced Mobile Broadband) traffic and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication) traffic can use low MCS for different purposes. eMBB traffic can use low MCS to extend the reach. On the other hand, URLLC traffic can use low MCS to reduce latency and achieve low error rates. Because of their different requirements, eMBB traffic can be transmitted repeatedly even if latency occurs, while URLLC traffic can be transmitted using a new MCS (e.g., a lower MCS) rather than repeated transmissions. The new MCS can be set by an RRC message and / or DCI.

[0068] To support repetitive transmissions for eMBB traffic in the time domain, physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) repetition (e.g., PUSCH repetition type A) may be introduced. In the present disclosure, PUSCH repetition may mean a PUSCH instance. In other words, depending on the context, PUSCH repetition may be interpreted as having the same meaning as a PUSCH instance. Repeated transmission of a PUSCH may be performed in units of PUSCH instances. When repeated transmission of a PUSCH is performed, a PUSCH allocated in units of slots may be repeatedly transmitted. To extend the reach, time resources may be allocated to multiple slots. When PUSCH repetition type A is used, the time resources may be configured by an RRC message and / or DCI. The number of repetitions of PUSCH can be indicated by an RRC message, and the time resource in which PUSCH is transmitted in the first slot can be indicated by a DCI (e.g., a type 2 CG (configured grant) or a dynamic grant) or an RRC message (e.g., a type 1 CG). In the present disclosure, the number of repetitions can mean the number of repeated transmissions or the number of transmissions.

[0069] Repeated transmission of URLLC traffic may not be appropriate because it incurs delay when the traffic is repeatedly transmitted. However, if a sufficiently low MCS is used, the delay for decoding URLLC traffic can be reduced. In other words, if a sufficiently low MCS is used, the number of REs (resource elements) to which URLLC traffic is mapped can increase, and the base station (e.g., the base station decoder) can wait until all REs are received. In this case, the delay for decoding URLLC traffic can be reduced.

[0070] When a PUSCH with a relatively high MCS is repeatedly transmitted, the base station can perform a decoding operation using only some REs. The time to first successful decoding in a PUSCH repeated transmission (e.g., a PUSCH repeated transmission with a relatively high MCS) may be faster than the time to first successful decoding in a PUSCH transmission without repetition (e.g., a PUSCH transmission with a low MCS). When PUSCH repetition type A is used, unnecessary delay may occur, and PUSCH repetition type B may be introduced to reduce the delay time for PUSCH repeated transmission. When PUSCH repetition type B is used, a PUSCH allocated in units of mini-slots may be repeatedly transmitted. When PUSCH repetition type B is used, the time resource may be set by an RRC message and / or DCI. The combination of the reference time resource and the number of repeated transmissions of a PUSCH instance can be indicated by a DCI (e.g., Type 2 CG and / or dynamic grant) or an RRC message (e.g., Type 1 CG).

[0071] In order to control the transmit power of SRS resources indicated by SRI (SRS (sounding reference signal) resource indicator), the base station can estimate the path attenuation for each SRS resource. The base station can control the transmit power for the SRS resource(s) using DCI. The transmit power of the SRS resource(s) can be controlled based on the estimated path attenuation. The DCI can be scheduling DCI (e.g., DCI format 0_0, DCI format 0_1, DCI format 0_2, DCI format 1_0, DCI format 1_1, or DCI format 1_2) or group common (GC)-DCI (e.g., DCI format 2_2 or DCI format 2_3). The DCI can include a field indicating a transmit power control (TPC) command, and the TPC command can be used to control the transmit power of a terminal. For example, the transmission power of a terminal may be increased or decreased based on a TPC command included in the DCI. To determine the transmission power of a PUSCH, the terminal may consider a value obtained based on path attenuation, a value according to a TPC command included in the DCI, and / or a PUSCH bandwidth indicated by the DCI.

[0072] A base station can configure two or more sets for a terminal using higher layer signaling. The terminal can receive configuration information for the two or more sets from the base station. Each element constituting the two or more sets can be a transmit power parameter(s), which can be designated to suit different scenarios (e.g., a URLLC scenario, an eMBB scenario). The terminal can receive a scheduling DCI or an activating DCI from the base station that allocates PUSCH resources, and the scheduling DCI or the activating DCI can indicate a set for interpreting the transmit power parameter(s). If the sets of transmit power parameter(s) are different, the magnitude of the increase or decrease in transmit power designated by the same TPC command can be different.

[0073] When Type 1 CG or Type 2 CG is used, the transmit power may be determined based on DCI format 2_3 for the SRI associated with the PUSCH instance. When Type 2 CG is used, the activation DCI may indicate a set of transmit power parameter(s) applicable to a PUSCH occasion. A PUSCH occasion may mean a PUSCH instance. The UE may obtain a TPC command for the SRI by receiving a GC (group common)-DCI, interpret the TPC command to be suitable for the set of transmit power parameter(s) indicated by the base station, and derive the transmit power applicable to the PUSCH instance based on the interpretation result.

[0074] In a dynamically scheduled PUSCH transmission, the UE can derive the transmit power applied to the PUSCH instance based on a combination of GC-DCI and scheduling DCI. The UE can identify the TPC command of the SRI by receiving the GC-DCI and store the identified TPC command. In a dynamically scheduled PUSCH transmission, a set of transmit power parameter(s) and / or TPC command applied to the PUSCH occasion can be indicated by scheduling DCI. The UE can derive the transmit power applied to the PUSCH instance based on the transmit power of the SRI associated with the PUSCH instance.

[0075] Repeated transmission of HARQ-ACK (hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgment) can be indicated (or set) by higher-layer signaling for each PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) format. The number of repeated transmissions for PUCCH format i can be independently set. i can be 1, 3, or 4. A terminal can repeatedly transmit a PUCCH format in slots. In this case, the PUCCH format can be transmitted using the same time resource in each slot.

[0076] Uplink control information (UCI) types can be classified according to the type of information included in the UCI. UCI can include at least one of scheduling request (SR), L1-RSRP (reference signal received power), HARQ-ACK, or channel state information (CSI). In embodiments, UCI and UCI type can be used interchangeably. In a repeated transmission operation of UCI, only one UCI type can be transmitted. To support this operation, the priority of UCI types can be defined in the technical specification. One UCI type can be selected, and a PUCCH including one UCI type can be repeatedly transmitted. In this case, the terminal can assume that no other UCI types are transmitted before the transmission of the corresponding UCI type is completed. To support this operation, the base station can instruct the terminal to transmit UCI (e.g., SR or HARQ-ACK) after the PUCCH transmission is completed. The latency for such UCI transmissions can be long, and this latency can act as a scheduling constraint for the base station.

[0077] "When HARQ-ACKs are instructed to be transmitted in the same slot (or the same sub-slot)" or "when PUCCH time resources indicated by DCI and / or RRC messages allocating PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel) overlap each other," the terminal may generate the HARQ codebook so that the HARQ codebook is transmitted in one PUCCH (e.g., one PUCCH time resource). Within the HARQ codebook, HARQ-ACK bits may be arranged according to an order defined in a technical specification. Information bits may be generated by the above-described operation. The terminal may generate coded bits by performing an coding operation.

[0078] In encoding operations, Reed-Muller codes or polar codes may be used. The code rate applied in encoding operations may be indicated by higher-layer signaling. For example, in the PUCCH format, a single value may be the code rate and may be indicated to the terminal.

[0079] One codeword can be mapped to one PUCCH. In a PUCCH repeated transmission operation, one UCI type can be generated as a codeword. When a PUCCH is transmitted once, information bits of one UCI type or two or more UCI types can be concatenated, and the terminal can generate one codeword by performing the same encoding operation on the information bits. When a Reed-Muller code or a polar code is used, performing a soft combining operation may be difficult in implementation. Therefore, even when a PUCCH is repeatedly transmitted, the same codeword can be transmitted, and the base station can perform a chase combining operation on the same codeword. The encoded bits or codeword can mean a bit string in which multiple code blocks are concatenated. A modulation operation can be performed on the codeword, and the result of the modulation operation can be mapped to an RE.

[0080] Meanwhile, identical UCI types may be considered different information. Identical UCI types that are considered different information can be mapped. For example, UCIs may be created to support traffic with different priorities. UCIs supporting eMBB traffic (e.g., SR or HARQ-ACK) may be considered distinct information from UCIs supporting URLLC traffic (e.g., SR or HARQ-ACK). In this case, even if the UCI types are identical, UCIs with the same UCI type may be distinguished as different information.

[0081] Encoded UCI can be mapped to PUCCH. The same preprocessing scheme (e.g., spatial information, spatial relations) can be maintained during PUCCH transmission. Alternatively, the use of different preprocessing schemes for each PUCCH can be permitted through RRC signaling from the base station.

[0082] To support URLLC traffic, it may be desirable for a terminal to perform frequent reception operations on downlink (DL) resources and / or frequent transmission operations on uplink (UL) resources. In a time division duplex (TDD) system, a terminal may operate based on a half-duplex scheme. Therefore, the support time for DL ​​traffic and / or UL traffic may increase depending on the slot pattern. On the other hand, in a frequency division duplex (FDD) system, a terminal can utilize DL resources and UL resources. Therefore, the above-described problem in a TDD system may not occur in an FDD system. An FDD system can use two or more carriers. If two or more serving cells are configured for a terminal in a TDD system, the terminal can utilize DL resources and UL resources.

[0083] In a communication system including at least one carrier to which FDD is applied (hereinafter referred to as an "FDD carrier"), there may be no problem with the delay time of the terminal. In a communication system including only carrier(s) to which TDD is applied (hereinafter referred to as "TDD carrier(s)"), there may be a problem with the delay time of the terminal. To solve the above problem, slots in TDD carriers may be configured according to different patterns.

[0084] Carrier aggregation (CA) can be configured in the UE, and PCell and SCell(s) can be activated. Depending on whether a common search space (CSS) set is configured in the cell, the cell can be classified as a PCell or SCell. For example, a CSS set can be configured in the PCell, and a CSS set can be unconfigured in the SCell. To reduce latency in a communication system supporting URLLC traffic, slots with different patterns can be configured and / or indicated to the UE.

[0085] Transmission of eMBB or URLLC traffic can be supported in licensed and / or unlicensed bands. Carrier(s) in the licensed band or carrier(s) in the unlicensed band can be utilized independently. Alternatively, depending on the base station configuration, carrier(s) in the licensed band and carrier(s) in the unlicensed band can be utilized together through frequency aggregation.

[0086] In an embodiment, two or more terminals may receive data from one or more TRPs and transmit data to one or more TRPs. It may be assumed that one base station or one server performs management operations and / or scheduling operations for one or more TRPs among the plurality of TRPs. The TRPs may be directly connected. Alternatively, the TRPs may be connected via a base station. The above-described connection may be a connection according to an Xn interface or a wireless interface (e.g., an interface of 3GPP NR).

[0087] Shadow regions may exist between the areas supported by TRPs. TRPs can resolve shadow regions through cooperative transmission. Cooperative transmission can be performed on terminals located between TRPs. Even in the absence of shadow regions, numerous TRPs (e.g., base stations) can be installed to transmit and receive large amounts of data, and the quality of the wireless link can be improved by having multiple TRPs.

[0088] Depending on the cooperative transmission and reception of TRPs, communication methods can be classified into dynamic point selection (DPS) and joint transmission (JT). For a specific set of physical resource blocks (PRBs), DPS may be a method in which a terminal receives data through a single TRP, and JT may be a method in which a terminal receives data through two or more TRPs. Dynamic point blanking (DPB) may be a type of JT. When DPB is used, a terminal may not receive data from some TRPs and may receive data from the remaining TRPs. JT can be classified into coherent JP and noncoherent JP. Depending on whether a coherent combining operation is performed on signals received from TRPs, either coherent JP or noncoherent JP may be used.

[0089] Depending on the latency and traffic capacity of the backhaul network to which base stations or TRPs are connected, TRPs may or may not participate in real-time cooperative transmission and reception. A terminal may support JT based on a single DCI (e.g., single DCI (sDCI)). Alternatively, a terminal may support JT based on multiple DCIs (e.g., multi-DCI (mDCI)).

[0090] When using sDCI, a terminal can transmit and receive data with TRPs. When using sDCI, it may be desirable for TRPs to cooperate without delay through a backhaul network. When using mDCI, a terminal can transmit and receive data with some TRPs. If a terminal transmits and receives data with other TRPs, it may be difficult for the other TRPs to cooperate in real time through the backhaul network. It may be desirable for other TRPs to be allocated semi-fixed resources.

[0091] A CORESET (control resource set) pool index can be used to identify a TRP. A CORESET pool can be a collection of CORESETs, and the transmission configuration indication (TCI) state applied to each CORESET can be independently indicated to the UE through RRC signaling and / or MAC control element (CE) signaling. A CORESET pool index may not necessarily correspond to a TRP. Specifically, a TRP can be divided into a transmission point (TxP) and a reception point (RxP). A CORESET pool index can correspond to an RxP. For example, an Rx beam for a TxP can be derived from a TCI state, and uplink signals / channels scheduled from DCIs discovered in CORESETs belonging to a CORESET pool indicated by a single CORESET pool index can be interpreted as being received by the same RxP.

[0092] For a terminal to benefit from coherent combining, the TRPs for that terminal must be synchronized to a certain degree, and CSI reports for those TRPs must be shared. If this is not the case, performing noncoherent combining may provide performance advantages.

[0093] If the terminal is mounted on a vehicle, constraints on its size and weight can be relaxed. If the terminal is carried by a person, portability can be considered.

[0094] To expand the signal coverage area, small cells or Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) nodes can be deployed. The transmission capacity of small cells or IAB nodes may vary depending on the quality of the backhaul link. Securing a backhaul network can be costly. As an alternative to the above embodiment, a wireless relay device can be deployed, which can transmit high-quality signals to terminals. Wireless relay devices can be categorized into several types depending on the method of signal transmission. A wireless relay device supporting multiple functions can exhibit performance similar to that of a base station. A wireless relay device supporting fewer functions can be deployed at a lower cost. In the present disclosure, a wireless relay device can perform the function of forming a beam to terminals and the minimum function of transmitting data. A base station can transmit wireless signals to control the wireless relay device. Appropriate parameters can be set for the wireless relay device based on the wireless signals.

[0095] In this embodiment, transmission of a channel may mean transmission of a message, data, signal, and / or information on the channel, and reception of a channel may mean transmission of a message, data, signal, and / or information on the channel. The channel may be a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical random access channel (PRACH), a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and / or a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

[0096] In a communication system supporting TDD, downlink (DL) communication and uplink (UL) communication can be performed in different time resources. The ratio between the DL time, in which DL communication is performed, and the UL time, in which UL communication is performed, can be determined based on the ratio of traffic (e.g., DL traffic and / or UL traffic). For example, in an NR system, since the amount of DL traffic is greater than the amount of UL traffic, more DL slots can be allocated than UL slots. For example, slots (e.g., slot patterns) can be configured to repeat a DDDSU pattern. D can denote a DL slot, S can denote a special slot including DL symbol(s), FL (flexible) symbol(s), and UL symbol(s), and U can denote a UL slot. The arrangement order of symbols in an S slot can be DL symbol(s)-FL symbol(s)-UL symbol(s). The base station can instruct or set the slot pattern to the terminal(s) through signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). The base station can indicate some FL symbol(s) among the FL symbols set by the RRC signaling as DL symbol(s) or UL symbol(s). The some FL symbol(s) can be indicated as DL symbol(s) or UL symbol(s) through DCI.

[0097] A terminal located at the edge of a cell may repeatedly transmit a UL signal / channel to transmit UL traffic to a base station. In this case, the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) may be improved and the block error rate (BLER) may be reduced at the base station. In the present disclosure, a UL signal / channel may refer to a UL signal and / or a UL channel, and a DL signal / channel may refer to a DL signal and / or a DL channel. The base station may instruct a terminal to repeatedly transmit a UL signal / channel, and the terminal may repeatedly transmit the UL signal / channel based on the instruction of the base station. The base station may instruct a terminal to repeatedly transmit a DL signal / channel, and the terminal may repeatedly receive the DL signal / channel based on the instruction of the base station. If UL slots do not occur frequently, a significant delay may occur for the terminal to obtain sufficient UL slots for repeated transmission. For example, if "the DDDSU pattern is set in the terminal and the SCS (subcarrier spacing) is 30 kHz," UL slots may occur every 2.5 ms (milliseconds). In this case, the time required for four repetitions of the UL signal / channel may be 10 ms.

[0098] To reduce the above time delay, a method of improving the frequency shape of the slot may be considered. The base station may perform full duplex communication. The frequency domain for the DL symbol (or FL symbol) of the DL slot (or DL ​​slot and S slot) may be divided into subbands. The base station may perform a transmission operation of a DL signal / channel or a reception operation of an UL signal / channel in some subbands of the DL slot (e.g., a DL symbol or an FL symbol). Although the terminal performs half-duplex communication, the terminal may perform a transmission operation of an UL signal / channel in the DL slot (e.g., a DL symbol or an FL symbol). A symbol capable of DL communication and UL communication may be referred to as an SBFD (subband full duplex) symbol. The SBFD symbol may be referred to as an SD symbol for convenience. In other words, in the present disclosure, the SD symbol may mean an SBFD symbol. SD may be an abbreviation for SBFD. An SD symbol may be interpreted as an SD resource, and an SBFD symbol may be interpreted as an SBFD resource. The base station may configure an SD symbol and / or a non-SD symbol (e.g., an N-SD symbol or an ND (non-SD) symbol) to the terminal through signaling. The ND symbol may mean an N-SBFD symbol. The terminal may receive configuration information of the SD symbol and / or the ND symbol from the base station. The configuration information of the SD symbol may be SBFD configuration information. The configuration information of the ND symbol may be UL-DL configuration information. The ND symbol may include an UL symbol, a DL symbol, and / or an FL symbol. The UL symbol, the DL symbol, and / or the FL symbol may be indicated (e.g., configured) based on the UL-DL configuration information. DL communication or UL communication may be performed in the ND symbol. The ND symbol may be interpreted as a non-SD resource, an N-SBFD resource, or an ND resource.SBFD configuration information and UL-DL configuration information may be included in system information (e.g., SIB1).

[0099] Since DL and UL communications are performed within a single SD symbol (e.g., within the same time resource), a guard band may be introduced. The bandwidth of the guard band may vary depending on the level of interference at the base station. When different antenna arrays are used, coupling between DL and UL communications may be reduced. If there is little coupling between DL and UL communications, a guard band may be unnecessary or a small amount of bandwidth may be required for the guard band. In this case, a guard band may not be allocated separately. Alternatively, a small number of PRBs may be allocated for the guard band.

[0100] When there is little coupling between DL communication and UL communication, a separate Rx filtering operation or Rx processing operation may be performed at the base station, but a separate Tx filtering operation or Tx processing operation may not be necessary at the terminal. The filtering operation may be an RF (radio frequency) filtering operation. When an RF filtering operation is performed, spectral emission (e.g., out-of-band emission (OOB) or adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR)) affecting adjacent PRB(s) can be reduced, and saturation of RF components can be prevented.

[0101] The DL and UL subbands can have different frequencies. The DL subband can indicate DL usable PRB(s). The UL subband can indicate UL usable PRB(s). If leakage occurs, the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) can become saturated, causing small signals to be ignored. The base station can appropriately arrange shielding between antenna arrays or apply signal processing methods. The base station can also allocate a guard band with a smaller bandwidth.

[0102] FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of subband filtering masks for DL ​​subbands and UL subbands in an SD symbol.

[0103] Referring to FIG. 3, a power spectral density or spectrum mask for DL-related filtering and / or UL-related filtering may be illustrated. DL-related filtering may be performed at a base station, and UL-related filtering may be performed at a terminal. A UL subband may be located at the center of a carrier, and two DL subbands may exist. A DL frequency band may be divided into two DL subbands by the UL subband. In another example, two or more UL subbands may exist, and DL subbands may exist in the remaining frequency band.

[0104] The base station may not perform DL-related filtering by additionally considering the locations of the DL subbands and / or UL subbands. The terminal may perform UL-related filtering by considering the locations of the UL subbands.

[0105] In order to add (e.g., transmit) a UL signal / channel while minimizing the number of UL slots in a slot pattern, an SD symbol may be introduced. A base station may instruct or configure repeated transmission of a UL signal / channel to a terminal located at a cell edge. The terminal may determine that repeated transmission of the UL signal / channel is required based on the instruction or configuration of the base station. Scheduling information for allocating a PUSCH / PUCCH may include a repetition factor for time resources. The terminal may determine the repetition factor included in the scheduling information. The repetition factor may indicate n repeated transmissions of the PUSCH / PUCCH. n may be a natural number. One repeated transmission may mean one transmission of the PUSCH / PUCCH. If the repetition factor is not instructed to the terminal (e.g., if the scheduling information does not include a repetition factor), the terminal may transmit the PUSCH / PUCCH once. In the present disclosure, PUSCH / PUCCH may refer to PUSCH and / or PUCCH. Scheduling information may include resource allocation information, resource activation information, and / or resource deactivation information. Scheduling information may be included in an RRC message, a MAC message (e.g., MAC CE), and / or a PHY message (e.g., DCI).

[0106] To extend the reach of UL signals / channels, a base station can instruct a terminal to perform demodulation-reference signal (DM-RS) bundling via signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). The terminal can determine that DM-RS bundling is required based on the signaling from the base station. Performing DM-RS bundling can mean "maintaining power consistency / phase continuity in repeated PUSCH / PUCCH transmissions." While power consistency / phase continuity is maintained, the base station can perform channel estimation operations simultaneously. Therefore, the reception performance of PUSCH / PUCCH at the base station can be improved. Power consistency / phase continuity can mean power consistency and / or phase continuity. Power consistency / phase continuity can mean coherence (e.g., time coherence).

[0107] The base station can allocate SD symbols. The order of symbols in a slot can be DL symbol-SD symbol-UL symbol. An FL symbol can be placed between a DL symbol and an SD symbol. Alternatively, an FL symbol can be omitted between a DL symbol and an SD symbol. An FL symbol can be placed between an SD symbol and an UL symbol. Alternatively, an FL symbol can be omitted between an SD symbol and an UL symbol.

[0108] FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of slot patterns (e.g., TDD slot patterns) including SD symbols.

[0109] Referring to FIG. 4, SD symbol(s) may be positioned after DL symbol(s), and UL symbol(s) may be positioned after SD symbol(s). The frequency band for SD symbol(s) may be divided into DL subbands and UL subbands.

[0110] The UL bandwidth for SD symbols may differ from the UL bandwidth for UL symbols. The base station may apply different filtering operations to SD and UL symbols. Optionally, the terminal may apply different filtering operations to SD and UL symbols (or DL ​​symbols). The application of different filtering operations may mean that different filtering operations are applied based on the boundary between SD and UL symbols. In this case, power consistency / phase continuity may not be maintained during the transmission and reception of UL signals / channels.

[0111] The shape of the base station for implementing the SBFD operation can be given in various ways, and FIGS. 5 to 8 can show embodiments of the base station.

[0112] Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of a base station implementing a TDD system.

[0113] Referring to FIG. 5, a base station can have K Tx chains and K Rx chains. The Tx chains and the Rx chains can be connected to an array having L element antennas (e.g., a shared-Tx / Rx antenna array). Each of K and L can be a natural number. In a DL resource, the shared-Tx / Rx antenna array can be connected to a Tx chain, and in a UL resource, the shared-Tx / Rx antenna array can be connected to an Rx chain. In other words, the shared-Tx / Rx antenna array can be switched according to time resources and can be utilized in both DL and UL.

[0114] Figure 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of a base station implementing SBFD operation.

[0115] Referring to Fig. 6, a base station may have K Tx chains and K Rx chains, and a panel group may be formed by L element antennas. Each of K and L may be a natural number. Panel group #1 utilized in DL resources and panel group #2 utilized in UL resources may be distinguished from each other. In SD resources, both panel group #1 and panel group #2 may be utilized.

[0116] From the perspective of base station transmit power, the transmit power in a DL symbol may be the same as the transmit power in an SD symbol. Since the DL bandwidth of an SD symbol is narrower than that of a DL symbol, the power density (e.g., energy per resource element (EPRE)) in an SD symbol may be greater than the power density (e.g., EPRE) in a DL symbol.

[0117] Figure 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of a base station implementing SBFD operation.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 7, a base station can have K / 2 Tx chains and K / 2 Rx chains, and a panel group can be formed with L / 2 element antennas. Each of K and L can be a natural number. Panel group #1 and panel group #2 can be utilized in DL resources and / or UL resources. In DL resources, both panel group #1 and panel group #2 can be connected to a Tx chain, and in UL resources, both panel group #1 and panel group #2 can be connected to an Rx chain. In SD resources, panel group #1 can be connected to a Tx chain, and panel group #2 can be connected to an Rx chain.

[0119] From the perspective of base station transmit power, the transmit power in a DL symbol may differ from that in an SD symbol. Since the DL bandwidth of an SD symbol is narrower than that of a DL symbol, the power density (e.g., EPRE) in an SD symbol may be the same as the power density (e.g., EPRE) in a DL symbol.

[0120] Figure 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating embodiments of a base station implementing SBFD operation.

[0121] Referring to FIG. 8, a base station can have K / 2 Tx chains and K / 2 Rx chains, and a panel group can be formed by L / 2 element antennas. Each of K and L can be a natural number. Panel group #1 can be utilized in DL resources, and panel group #2 can be utilized in UL resources. In DL resources and SD resources, panel group #1 can be connected to a Tx chain, and in SD resources and UL resources, panel group #2 can be connected to an Rx chain.

[0122] From the perspective of base station transmit power, the transmit power in a DL symbol may differ from that in an SD symbol. Since the DL bandwidth of an SD symbol is narrower than that of a DL symbol, the power density (e.g., EPRE) in an SD symbol may be the same as the power density (e.g., EPRE) in a DL symbol.

[0123] SD symbols can be classified in detail. SD symbols can be classified into SD-DL symbols, SD-FL symbols, and SD-UL symbols. The SD-DL symbol can be an SD symbol, and the SD-DL symbol can be interpreted as a DL symbol by an existing terminal (e.g., a legacy terminal). The SD-FL symbol can be an SD symbol, and the SD-FL symbol can be interpreted as an FL symbol by an existing terminal. The SD-UL symbol can be an SD symbol, and the SD-UL symbol can be interpreted as an UL symbol by an existing terminal. In the present disclosure, the existing terminal may refer to a legacy terminal. The existing terminal may receive tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon, which includes information indicating the duplex type of a symbol, from the base station. The ND symbol may have only one duplex type. Alternatively, the ND symbol may have two duplex types. When a terminal receives a DL signal / channel in an SD symbol, the terminal can assume that the DL signal / channel is received in a DL-available PRB. When a terminal transmits a UL signal / channel in an SD symbol, the terminal can assume that the UL signal / channel is transmitted in UL-available PRBs. In the present disclosure, a DL signal / channel may mean a DL signal (e.g., a DL physical signal) and / or a DL channel (e.g., a DL physical channel), and a UL signal / channel may mean a UL signal (e.g., a UL physical signal) and / or a UL channel (e.g., a UL physical channel).

[0124] RO can denote a resource unit in which a PRACH (or msg1) is transmitted. Using the PRACH configuration index, the time resource(s) and frequency resource(s) possessed by the RO can be derived. ROs can be classified as valid or invalid. According to technical specifications, conditions for determining the validity of an RO can be provided.

[0125] In a system operating in TDD, DL symbols, FL symbols, and / or UL symbols may be indicated by RRC signaling (e.g., tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon). For example, an RO that overlaps with DL symbols and / or SSB resource(s) may be determined as an invalid RO. Alternatively, among ROs that do not overlap with SSB resources, an RO that does not occur after a predetermined time (e.g., Ngap symbols determined according to SCS in the technical specification) from an SSB resource may be determined as an invalid RO. When an RO is composed of FL symbols and / or UL symbols, if the RO is mapped ahead of an SSB in the same slot (or the same RACH slot), the RO may be determined to be invalid. It can be assumed that the time resource in which the SSB is transmitted is indicated to the UE as system information. On the other hand, in the case of a system operating in FDD, the above-described limitation may not exist.

[0126] Valid ROs can have associations with SSBs. The mapping relationship (e.g., association relationship) between specific SSB(s) and ROs can be indicated to the UE via RRC signaling. For example, one SSB can correspond to one or more ROs, or two or more SSBs can correspond to one RO.

[0127] Semi-persistent scheduling (SPS)

[0128] If a base station supporting SBFD operation is configured as in the embodiment of FIG. 6 or FIG. 8, and a terminal performs transmission while maintaining coherence at the boundary between SD and ND symbols, coherence can be maintained at the base station as well. If a base station performing SBFD operation is configured as in the embodiment of FIG. 7, even if a terminal performs transmission while maintaining coherence at the boundary between SD and ND symbols, coherence may not be maintained at the base station. Whether or not coherence is maintained at the base station can be considered in resource allocation of UL signals / channels.

[0129] Based on the configuration of a base station supporting SBFD operation, even if the base station performs transmission while maintaining coherence at the boundary between SD and ND symbols, coherence may not be maintained at the terminal. Whether coherence is maintained at the terminal may be considered in resource allocation of DL signals / channels.

[0130] The base station can signal to the terminal (e.g., via RRC signaling) whether coherence should be maintained. According to one configuration, resources based on the same antenna port during the terminal's transmission and reception procedures may include both SD and ND symbols. According to another configuration, resources based on the same antenna port during the terminal's transmission and reception procedures may include either SD or ND symbols.

[0131] The UE may transmit a PUCCH to deliver the HARQ-ACK, which is the decoding result for the PDSCH, to the serving base station. The PUCCH may include the HARQ-ACK. The resources for PUCCH transmission in the SD symbol may be different from the resources for PUCCH transmission in the ND symbol. Since the number of UL-available PRBs in the SD symbol is different from the bandwidth of the ND symbol, the PUCCH may not be transmitted. Alternatively, based on the configuration of the base station performing the SBFD operation, the PUCCH may not be transmitted because the same antenna port is not assumed at the boundary between the SD symbol and the ND symbol.

[0132] Figure 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method for transmitting HARQ-ACK for a PDSCH dynamically scheduled to a terminal.

[0133] Referring to FIG. 9, a PDCCH (e.g., DCI) may indicate resources on which a TB (transport block) is scheduled and resources on which an HARQ-ACK is transmitted. The interval between PDSCH transmissions may be K0 slots, and the interval between the second PDSCH transmission and the PUCCH transmission may be K1 slots. Each of K0 and K1 may be a natural number. The terminal may assume that the CORESET and / or search space set on which the PDCCH is received are separately indicated in the SD symbol (or SD slot) and the ND symbol (or ND slot). In other words, the CORESET and / or search space set in the SD symbol (or SD slot) and the CORESET and / or search space set in the ND symbol (or ND slot) may be independently configured. Alternatively, the terminal may assume the same CORESET and / or search space set in the SD symbol (or SD slot) and the ND symbol (or ND slot) based on signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). In other words, the same CORESET and / or search space set can be established regardless of the resource type (e.g., SD symbol, ND symbol).

[0134] The terminal can derive the slot in which the PDSCH is received from the index for the K0 slot. The slot (or symbol) in which the PDSCH is received may be an SD slot (or SD symbol) or an ND slot (or ND symbol). One slot type (or one symbol type) applied to the PDSCH may be determined based on the PDCCH (e.g., a PDCCH scheduling a PUSCH). One slot type (or one symbol type) applied to the PUCCH may be determined based on the PDCCH (e.g., a PDCCH scheduling a PDSCH associated with a PUCCH). There may be no uncertainty regarding the slot type (or symbol type) in which the PDCCH, PDSCH, and / or PUCCH are transmitted and received. In other words, the terminal can clearly know the slot type (or symbol type) in which the PDCCH, PDSCH, and / or PUCCH are transmitted and received. The above-described embodiment may imply that a base station supporting SBFD operation performs scheduling (e.g., scheduling for PDSCH and / or PUSCH) so that there is no problem in applying the antenna port assumed by the terminal. The above-described embodiment may be applied to an operation in which the terminal receives a PDSCH and / or an operation in which the terminal transmits a PUSCH.

[0135] PUCCH resources can be derived based on a combination of the start index of the control channel element (CCE) where the DCI is detected and / or the value of the PUCCH resource indicator (PRI) field of the DCI. The PUCCH configuration applied by the UE (e.g., PUCCH-config) can be implicitly determined.

[0136] If the type of the slot in which the PUCCH is transmitted or the type of the first symbol of the PUCCH is an ND slot (or ND symbol), the PUCCH resource indicated in the first PUCCH configuration (e.g., the first PUCCH-config) can be selected. The terminal can perform PUCCH transmission on the selected PUCCH resource. If the type of the slot in which the PUCCH is transmitted or the type of the first symbol of the PUCCH is an SD slot (or SD symbol), the PUCCH resource indicated in the second PUCCH configuration (e.g., PUCCH-config) can be selected. The terminal can perform PUCCH transmission on the selected PUCCH resource.

[0137] Figure 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method for transmitting HARQ-ACK for a PDSCH scheduled semi-persistently to a terminal.

[0138] Referring to FIG. 10, a PDCCH (e.g., DCI) can indicate resources on which TB is scheduled and resources on which HARQ-ACK is transmitted. The UE can assume that the CORESET and / or search space set on which the PDCCH is received are separately indicated in the SD symbol (or SD slot) and the ND symbol (or ND slot). In other words, the CORESET and / or search space set in the SD symbol (or SD slot) and the CORESET and / or search space set in the ND symbol (or ND slot) can be independently configured. Alternatively, the UE can assume the same CORESET and / or search space set in the SD symbol (or SD slot) and the ND symbol (or ND slot) based on signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). In other words, the same CORESET and / or search space set can be configured regardless of the resource type (e.g., SD symbol, ND symbol).

[0139] For a semi-persistently scheduled PDSCH (e.g., SPS PDSCH) or UL signal / channel (e.g., periodic UL signal / channel, semi-persistent UL signal / channel), the UE may receive scheduling information based on at least one of RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI. The DCI may include information indicating activation or deactivation of the SPS PDSCH. The DCI may include information indicating activation or deactivation of a UL signal / channel (e.g., SPS PUSCH).

[0140] The base station can transmit an SPS index and / or SPS-related information (e.g., SPS configuration information) to the terminal via signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). The terminal can receive the SPS index and / or SPS-related information via signaling from the base station. The base station can use DCI to indicate activation or deactivation of SPS (e.g., SPS PDSCH, SPS PUSCH). The DCI (e.g., DCI format) for activating or deactivating SPS can have a specific format. The DCI for activating or deactivating SPS can have a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by CS (configured scheduling)-RNTI (radio network temporary identifier). The base station can indicate PUCCH resources for transmitting HARQ-ACK for SPS PDSCH to the terminal via signaling. The terminal can check the PUCCH resource indicated by the signaling of the base station and transmit HARQ-ACK for the SPS PDSCH on the checked PUCCH resource.

[0141] If the base station supports SBFD operation, the period of the SD slot(s) and / or the period of the ND slot(s) can be derived from the period of the UL / DL slot based on TDD (time division duplex). The period of the SD slot(s) can be the period of the ND slot(s). In other words, the period of the SD slot(s) and the period of the ND slot(s) can be the same. The period of the SPS PDSCH can be derived based on the reception period of the traffic served to the terminal. The relationship between the period of the SD slot(s) (or the period of the ND slot(s)) and the period of the SPS PDSCH may not be an integer multiple relationship. In this case, the reception operation of the PDSCH and the transmission operation of the PUCCH may be misaligned.

[0142] According to the proposed method, when SPS is activated, the base station can signal two or more PDSCH resources to the terminal. The terminal can identify two or more PDSCH resources indicated by the signaling from the base station.

[0143] According to the technical specifications, a terminal can receive allocation information for a single resource from a base station. If the terminal cannot receive an SPS PDSCH from a single resource indicated by the base station, the terminal may not receive the SPS PDSCH. In other words, if the slot pattern based on TDD does not match the slot pattern for PDSCH reception, the SPS PDSCH may not be received.

[0144] If the base station supports SBFD operation, the terminal can determine the validity of frequency resources as well as slot patterns (e.g., time resources). According to the proposed method, the terminal can receive two or more pieces of scheduling information from the base station. The scheduling information may include time resource information (e.g., time domain resource assignment (TDRA)) and / or frequency resource information (e.g., frequency domain resource assignment (FDRA)). Time resources may refer to slots and / or symbols.

[0145] If a base station supporting SBFD operation fails to maintain coherence at the boundary between SD and ND symbols, the terminal may apply either one of the two scheduling information.

[0146] Referring again to FIG. 10, the terminal can periodically receive PDSCH. PDSCH (110, 120, 130) can be received in ND symbols, and PDSCH (140) can be received in SD symbols. One scheduling information can be applied to PDSCH (110, 120, 130), and another scheduling information can be applied to PDSCH (140). Based on the two pieces of scheduling information, the terminal can distinguish between TDRA / FDRA applied to PDSCH (110, 120, 130) and TDRA / FDRA applied to PDSCH (140).

[0147] According to the technical specification, since the terminal receives one scheduling information for setting and activating SPS, the terminal can determine that the PDSCH (110, 120, 130) received in the ND symbol is valid, and the terminal can determine that the PDSCH (140) received in the SD symbol is invalid. Therefore, the terminal can receive the PDSCH (110, 120, 130) in the ND symbol, and the terminal may not receive the PDSCH (140) in the SD symbol. The terminal may not generate a HARQ-ACK for the PDSCH (140) and may not transmit the PUCCH (180). The PUCCH (180) may be a PUCCH resource set for the PDSCH (140).

[0148] According to the proposed method, the terminal can receive the SPS PDSCH because the terminal can receive valid separate scheduling information in the SD symbols.

[0149] According to the proposed method, the terminal can have the same condition that the size of the TB derived based on the first setting of the SPS and the size of the TB derived based on the second setting of the SPS are the same. The above-described embodiment can be applied when a base station supporting SBFD operation supports the first and second settings of the SPS in a single setting index.

[0150] The first configuration of the SPS may refer to the first SPS sub-configuration for the SPS configuration, and the second configuration of the SPS may refer to the second SPS sub-configuration for the SPS configuration. The sub-configuration may refer to a reference sub-configuration or an alternative sub-configuration depending on the context. Referring again to FIG. 10, the PDSCH (110, 120, 130) may be derived based on the first SPS sub-configuration, and the PDSCH (140) may be derived based on the second SPS sub-configuration.

[0151] SPS may be configured for a terminal when traffic of a specific size periodically arrives at the base station. If the TB sizes derived based on the first SPS sub-configuration and the TB sizes derived based on the second SPS sub-configuration differ, the base station can additionally transmit traffic to the terminal through dynamic scheduling. The above-described operation may be inefficient.

[0152] Based on the first SPS sub-configuration and the second SPS sub-configuration, HARQ-ACK feedback can be derived in the same slot. In other words, the terminal can receive the SPS PDSCH and transmit the PUCCH including the HARQ-ACK after the K1 slot from the reception time of the SPS PDSCH. Since the quality of the traffic received by the terminal (e.g., quality of service (QoS)) is the same in the first SPS sub-configuration and the second SPS sub-configuration, the value of K1 can be the same in all SPS sub-configurations for the SPS configuration. K1 can be a natural number. Except for TDRA and / or FDRA in the first SPS sub-configuration and the second SPS sub-configuration, other configurations can have the same value. In other words, except for TDRA and / or FDRA, other configurations can be shared between the first SPS sub-configuration and the second SPS sub-configuration.

[0153] According to the technical specification, a base station can enable a terminal to receive two or more SPS PDSCHs in the same slot. It may be allowed for the symbol(s) in which a first SPS PDSCH is received to partially overlap with the symbol(s) in which a second SPS PDSCH is received in the same slot. When the above-described operation is configured and / or the above-described operation is activated, the terminal can perform a validity determination for each SPS PDSCH. The validity for each SPS PDSCH may be independent. According to the proposed method, the first SPS sub-configuration and the second SPS sub-configuration may have a complementary relationship with each other.

[0154] Figure 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating time resources and frequency resources in a communication system supporting SBFD operation.

[0155] Referring to FIG. 11, PDSCHs (110, 120, 130, 140, 150) may be resources for SPS PDSCH. According to the technical specifications, PDSCHs (110, 150) may be determined as valid resources for SPS PDSCH, and the terminal may receive SPS PDSCHs on PDSCHs (110, 150) and decode the received SPS PDSCHs. According to the proposed method, the terminal may receive SPS PDSCHs on PDSCHs (110, 150) based on the first SPS sub-configuration, and may receive SPS PDSCHs on PDSCHs (120, 130) based on the second SPS sub-configuration.

[0156] For another example, a terminal may share the same TDRA / FDRA for two resources (e.g., ND resource, SD resource) and apply different TCI states. The different TCI states may be indicated from the base station to the terminal. In other words, the terminal may receive indications from the base station of different TCI states to apply in the reception procedure of the same PDSCH. In this case, if an SPS PDSCH candidate is received in ND symbols, the terminal may apply a first TCI state for reception of the SPS PDSCH candidate. If an SPS PDSCH candidate is received in SD symbols, the terminal may apply a second TCI state for reception of the SPS PDSCH candidate. If an SPS PDSCH candidate is received in an MD (mixed duplex) slot, the terminal may determine the validity of the SPS PDSCH candidate based on RRC signaling of the base station. An MD slot may include SD symbol(s) and ND symbol(s). Based on one configuration of the base station, the terminal may determine that an SPS PDSCH candidate belonging to both SD symbol(s) and ND symbol(s) is invalid. Based on another configuration of the base station, the terminal may determine that an SPS PDSCH candidate received in an MD slot is valid in the time resource, and the terminal may additionally determine whether an SPS PDSCH candidate valid in the time resource is valid in the frequency resource.

[0157] Based on the FDRA allocated to the terminal, the valid portion of the SD symbol(s) and the valid portion of the ND symbol(s) may differ. In other words, the terminal can receive the SPS PDSCH candidate using valid resources.

[0158] For example, a configuration of PRBs with a relatively small number of DL usable in an SD symbol may be considered. An SPS PDSCH candidate that is determined to be valid in the frequency resources of an ND symbol may be determined to be valid in some frequency resources of an SD symbol.

[0159] SPS PDSCH can be received with rate matching by utilizing available frequency resources (e.g., DL-available PRB). In other words, since the number of REs (resource elements) in which SPS PDSCH can be received in an SD symbol is reduced, the size of the TB can be reduced, and the DM-RS generation operation and / or RE mapping operation can be performed in available frequency resources.

[0160] For another example, the base station may signal an index (e.g., a TDRA index) for a combination of at least two K0s and SLIVs (Start and Length Indicator Values). Alternatively, the base station may signal an index (e.g., a TDRA index) for a combination of one K0 and two or more SLIVs. The terminal may identify the TDRA index through signaling from the base station.

[0161] One K0 and one SLIV can represent one SPS PDSCH candidate. If two or more K0s and two or more SLIVs are derived, the UE can derive two or more SPS PDSCH candidates based on the K0s and SLIVs. The SPS PDSCH candidates may overlap in the time domain. Alternatively, the SPS PDSCH candidates may be configured not to overlap in the time domain.

[0162] For example, each SLIV can be considered as a candidate for each SPS PDSCH, and the validity of the SLIV (e.g., the SPS PDSCH associated with the SLIV) can be determined in the order of the SLIVs. If one SLIV is determined to be valid, the terminal can assume that the SPS PDSCH associated with the SLIV is received, and the validity of the remaining SLIVs can be omitted. If all SLIVs are determined to be invalid, the terminal can not receive the SPS PDSCH.

[0163] For another example, a base station can signal multiple FDRAs to a terminal. The terminal can then identify the multiple FDRAs through the signaling from the base station.

[0164] To indicate multiple TDRAs and / or multiple FDRAs to a terminal, multiple activation procedures may be performed. According to the technical specification, to activate SPS for a terminal, a base station may use an activation DCI, which may include a TDRA and / or an FDRA. Since the proposed method requires multiple TDRAs and / or multiple FDRAs, multiple activation DCIs may be used.

[0165] For one SPS configuration, a first SPS sub-configuration and a second SPS sub-configuration can be activated. In other words, the first SPS sub-configuration can be activated, and the second SPS sub-configuration can be additionally activated. Alternatively, activation of the first SPS sub-configuration can be the first activation, and activation of the second SPS sub-configuration can be the second activation. The terminal can receive an activation DCI from the base station and perform decoding for the activation DCI. The activation DCI can include a HARQ process number field, and the HARQ process number field can indicate an SPS configuration index (sps-ConfigIndex). The terminal can perform multiple decoding operations for the activation DCI. In other words, if the deactivation DCI is not received and the activation DCI is received, the terminal can regard the activation DCI as an additional SPS sub-configuration.

[0166] A terminal may receive a first activation DCI and determine that a specific SPS configuration is activated based on the first activation DCI. The activation DCI may include information for deriving TDRA, FDRA, and / or TCI states. When a second activation DCI for the same SPS configuration is received, the terminal may regard the information for deriving TDRA, FDRA, and / or TCI states included in the second activation DCI as information for the second SPS subconfiguration. The terminal may regard information indicated by the first activation DCI already received as information for the first SPS subconfiguration. Resource allocation information for the same SPS configuration may be changed, and other information (e.g., MCS table, period, HARQ process ID offset) may be reused.

[0167] The terminal may reflect some information included in the second activation DCI in the second SPS sub-configuration. For example, the terminal may reflect the FDRA included in the second activation DCI in the second SPS sub-configuration, and may not reflect the TDRA included in the second activation DCI in the second SPS sub-configuration. This is because the TDRA indicated by the activation DCI indicates a resource in which the PDSCH is first received, and the TDRA included in the first activation DCI and the TDRA included in the second activation DCI may indicate different slots. In other words, the PDSCH candidates indicated by the first activation DCI and the second activation DCI may be periodically received in one slot. If the TDRA table is sufficiently flexibly indicated to the terminal, the K0 slot offset (e.g., the slot interval between the activation DCI and the first received PDSCH) and SLIV may be freely selected, so that various PDSCH candidates received based on the same SPS configuration may be expressed.

[0168] If the TDRA table is not sufficiently large, the terminal may determine that the first PDSCH candidate is received in different slots based on the first SPS sub-configuration and the second SPS sub-configuration. In other words, the terminal may receive a first activation DCI for the first SPS sub-configuration, and may receive a first PDSCH candidate in slot n derived based on the TDRA included in the first activation DCI. The terminal may receive a second activation DCI for the second SPS sub-configuration. The second activation DCI may be received in slot m. It may be desirable for the first PDSCH candidate to be received in slot n (or slot n + an integer multiple of the period) derived based on the TDRA included in the second activation DCI. If the terminal derives different slots based on the SPS sub-configurations, ambiguity may occur in the procedure in which the terminal generates the HARQ-ACK bit. According to the proposed method, only SLIV among the information derived from TDRA included in the second activation DCI can be applied.

[0169] According to another proposed method, the base station can activate two SPS configurations for the terminal, and the two activated SPS configurations can be utilized in the SBFD operation. Based on the first SPS configuration, the SPS PDSCH candidate can be determined to be valid only in the ND symbol, and based on the second SPS configuration, the SPS PDSCH candidate can be determined to be valid only in the SD symbol. The terminal can independently determine the validity of the SPS PDSCH candidate derived based on the first SPS configuration, and the terminal can independently determine the validity of the SPS PDSCH candidate derived based on the second SPS configuration.

[0170] In the former method, when a first SPS sub-configuration and a second SPS sub-configuration are introduced for one SPS configuration, the terminal may be able to determine the validity of one SPS sub-configuration and may omit determining the validity of the other SPS sub-configuration. In the latter method, when the frequency resource of the SPS PDSCH candidate derived based on the first SPS configuration is identical to the frequency resource of the SPS PDSCH candidate derived based on the second SPS configuration, the terminal may derive two valid SPS PDSCH candidates from SD symbols based on the SPS configuration.

[0171] According to conventional methods, a terminal can expect non-overlapping SPS configurations. Therefore, the aforementioned configuration may not occur in practice. Alternatively, the terminal can independently decode TBs by performing separate channel estimation for different SPS configurations. Since the aforementioned operation is inefficient, one of the SPS configurations may be selected, and reducing the number of SPS PDSCH candidates may be desirable.

[0172] In terms of RRC signaling burden, when a base station indicates two SPS configurations to a terminal, the number of RRC parameters doubles. However, when two SPS sub-configurations are introduced for one SPS configuration, the increased number of RRC parameters may be less than twice the number of existing RRC parameters. This is because, since the SPS configurations are intended to process the same traffic, a significant number of RRC parameters are expected to use the same values.

[0173] When two SPS configurations are activated, the burden on the UE to report HARQ-ACKs may increase. The UE may configure the HARQ-ACK(s) to be included in the same PUCCH into a HARQ codebook. Within the HARQ codebook, HARQ-ACKs may be arranged in the order of the SPS configuration index. HARQ-ACK may mean HARQ-ACK bits, HARQ-ACK information, HARQ responses, etc. When two SPS configurations are activated, the number of HARQ-ACKs may be twice the number of HARQ-ACKs when one SPS configuration is activated. When two SPS sub-configurations are introduced for one SPS configuration, the number of generated HARQ-ACKs may not increase.

[0174] defer or drop

[0175] Referring again to FIGS. 10 and / or 11, the type of time resource in which the SPS PDSCH is received may not be fixed to one. According to the technical specification, the SPS PDSCH period and / or the slot in which the SPS PDSCH is received can be set very flexibly, and the SPS PDSCH period and / or the SPS PDSCH slot can be expressed as any time resource. The SPS PDSCH slot may mean a slot in which the SPS PDSCH is transmitted and received. A base station supporting SBFD operation can semi-fixedly indicate to the terminal the period of the SD symbol(s) and the period of the ND symbol(s). Accordingly, the symbol in which the SPS PDSCH is received may be an SD symbol, an ND symbol, or a combination of SD and ND symbols. The symbol in which the PUCCH including the HARQ-ACK for the SPS PDSCH is transmitted may be an SD symbol, an ND symbol, or a combination of SD and ND symbols.

[0176] According to the technical specification, if the SPS PUCCH resource is invalid, the terminal can drop or postpone the SPS PUCCH transmission. The SPS PUCCH transmission can be postponed based on separate configuration information. The SPS PUCCH may refer to a PUCCH including a HARQ-ACK for the SPS PDSCH. In the present disclosure, the PUCCH may be interpreted as the SPS PUCCH depending on the context. For example, if the terminal fails to transmit the PUCCH (e.g., the SPS PUCCH) in the first slot, the terminal may transmit the PUCCH in the second slot closest to the first slot. The PUCCH resource in the slot located before the second slot may be invalid. All other characteristics of the PUCCH resources may be the same except for the slot index. Based on the TDD slot pattern, the first slot and the second slot may be adjacent slots. For example, the first slot may be a slot containing an FL symbol, the second slot may be a UL slot, and the first and second slots may be adjacent to each other. For another example, the first slot may be a DL slot, the second slot may be a UL slot, and the first and second slots may not be adjacent.

[0177] The terminal can distinguish the type of slot (e.g., ND slot, SD slot, or MD slot) in which the HARQ-ACK for the SPS PDSCH is transmitted. The ND slot can contain only ND symbols. The SD slot can contain only SD symbols. The MD slot can contain all types of symbols (e.g., ND symbols, SD symbols).

[0178] The terminal may select a PUCCH resource indicated by a first PUCCH configuration (e.g., first PUCCH-config) in the ND slot, and the terminal may select a PUCCH resource indicated by a second PUCCH configuration (e.g., second PUCCH-config) in the SD slot. The terminal may select the first PUCCH resource in the ND slot, and the terminal may select the second PUCCH resource in the SD slot.

[0179] According to the proposed method, the terminal may not perform PUCCH transmission in the MD slot. In other words, the terminal may drop PUCCH transmission in the MD slot. According to the above-described embodiment, HARQ-ACK transmission for the SPS PDSCH may be frequently dropped. Therefore, the above-described embodiment may be inefficient. It may be desirable to postpone PUCCH transmission so that the terminal can transmit HARQ-ACK for the SPS PDSCH. Alternatively, it may be desirable to additionally indicate an alternative resource for PUCCH transmission.

[0180] According to another proposed method, it can be assumed that the terminal determines the validity of the PUCCH resource before each PUCCH transmission. If the PUCCH resource is invalid, the terminal may not transmit a HARQ-ACK in the corresponding slot (e.g., the slot to which the invalid PUCCH resource belongs). The terminal may re-determine the validity of the PUCCH resource for HARQ-ACK transmission in the next adjacent slot. According to the above-described embodiment, PUCCH transmission may be postponed.

[0181] According to the proposed method, a base station can indicate multiple PUCCH resources to a terminal, and the terminal can select one PUCCH resource from the multiple PUCCH resources indicated by the base station. The terminal can check the validity of the first PUCCH resource indicated by the first PUCCH configuration. If the first PUCCH resource is determined to be invalid, the terminal can check the validity of the second PUCCH resource indicated by the second PUCCH configuration. If both the first PUCCH resource and the second PUCCH resource are invalid, the terminal may not transmit a HARQ-ACK in the corresponding slot (e.g., a slot to which the invalid PUCCH resource(s) belong). As another example, the terminal may sequentially check the validity of multiple PUCCH resources indicated by one PUCCH configuration. If all PUCCH resources are invalid, the terminal may not transmit a HARQ-ACK in the corresponding slot (e.g., a slot to which the invalid PUCCH resources belong).

[0182] According to the proposed methods described above, the terminal can apply the validity judgment of PUCCH resources and the validity judgment of substituted PUCCH resources based on different orders during the delayed PUCCH transmission. Alternatively, the terminal can perform a combination of the validity judgment of PUCCH resources and the validity judgment of substituted PUCCH resources during the delayed PUCCH transmission.

[0183] A terminal can perform a validity determination on multiple PUCCH resources in one slot, and can perform a validity determination on the PUCCH resource(s) again in a subsequent slot.

[0184] In one embodiment, a terminal may support a single SPS configuration and drop PUCCH transmissions based on a determination of the validity of PUCCH resources. Multiple PUCCH resources may be allocated to the terminal.

[0185] Figure 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a PUCCH transmission method for SPS PDSCH.

[0186] Referring to FIG. 12, one SPS configuration can be activated for receiving an SPS PDSCH. The base station can transmit an activation DCI to the terminal. The terminal can receive an SPS PDSCH candidate in the ND symbol(s) based on the activation DCI. According to one of the proposed methods described above, the terminal can determine that the SPS PDSCH candidate in the SD symbol(s) is invalid. In other words, the SPS PDSCH candidate in the SD symbol can be determined to be invalid. The terminal can generate at most one HARQ-ACK bit and feed back at most one HARQ-ACK bit to the base station. The base station can transmit multiple PUCCH configurations to the terminal. The multiple PUCCH configurations can include a first PUCCH configuration and a second PUCCH configuration. The first PUCCH resource indicated by the first PUCCH configuration can be configured in the ND symbol(s). The second PUCCH resource indicated by the second PUCCH configuration may be configured in the SD symbol(s). Alternatively, the base station may transmit one PUCCH configuration to the terminal, and one PUCCH configuration may indicate multiple PUCCH resources (e.g., a first PUCCH resource, a second PUCCH resource).

[0187] In the embodiment of FIG. 12, the terminal may determine that the SPS PDSCH candidate (140) is invalid in the SD symbol(s). In other words, the terminal may drop reception of the SPS PDSCH candidate (140). To feed back the HARQ-ACK, the terminal may transmit the HARQ-ACK on PUCCH resources indicated by different PUCCH configurations according to the ND symbol(s) and the SD symbol(s). Alternatively, the terminal may transmit the HARQ-ACK on different PUCCH resources indicated by the same PUCCH configuration.

[0188] If the terminal determines that all of the PUCCH resources belonging to a slot are invalid, the terminal may re-determine the validity of the PUCCH resource(s) in the adjacent slot after the slot. The terminal may feed back HARQ-ACK (e.g., HARQ-ACK bit(s)) in the valid PUCCH resource(s) to the base station. In the embodiment of FIG. 12, the terminal may not transmit the PUCCH (180) and may transmit the PUCCH (182) in the adjacent ND slot by performing a PUCCH transmission postponement operation. The terminal may select the PUCCH resource indicated by the first PUCCH configuration in the ND slot or the first PUCCH resource. Alternatively, since the reception of the SPS PDSCH candidate (140) is dropped, the terminal does not need to generate a HARQ-ACK for the SPS PDSCH candidate (140). In this case, the terminal may simply drop the PUCCH transmission without performing an operation to determine the validity of the PUCCH resource, an operation to postpone the PUCCH transmission, and / or an operation to search for a new PUCCH resource (e.g., PUCCH (182)).

[0189] In another embodiment, the terminal may support two SPS sub-configurations for one SPS configuration, the two SPS sub-configurations may be activated, and multiple PUCCH resources may be allocated to the terminal.

[0190] Figure 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a PUCCH transmission method for SPS PDSCH.

[0191] Referring to FIG. 13, the terminal can support multiple SPS sub-configurations, and multiple SPS sub-configurations can be activated. The first SPS sub-configuration can be applied when the time resource for SPS PDSCH reception is ND symbol(s), and the second SPS sub-configuration can be applied when the time resource for SPS PDSCH reception is SD symbol(s). The SPS PDSCH candidates (110, 120, 130) can be received in ND symbol(s), and the SPS PDSCH candidate (140) can be received in SD symbol(s).

[0192] A terminal can receive one SPS PDSCH candidate in one slot, and at most one SPS PDSCH candidate can be considered based on validity determination. The terminal can generate at most one HARQ-ACK bit. In other words, when one codeword is scheduled for the SPS PDSCH, the terminal can generate at most one HARQ-ACK bit. The base station can transmit multiple PUCCH configurations to the terminal. The multiple PUCCH configurations can include a first PUCCH configuration and a second PUCCH configuration. The first PUCCH configuration can indicate PUCCH resources in ND symbol(s), and the second PUCCH configuration can indicate PUCCH resources in SD symbol(s). Alternatively, the base station can transmit one PUCCH configuration indicating multiple PUCCH resources (e.g., a first PUCCH resource, a second PUCCH resource) to the terminal. If all of the PUCCH resources in a slot are determined to be invalid, the terminal can re-determine the validity of the PUCCH resource(s) in the adjacent slot after the slot, and can feed back HARQ-ACK bit(s) in the valid PUCCH resource(s) to the base station. In the embodiment of FIG. 13, the terminal may not be able to transmit the PUCCH (180). In this case, the terminal can transmit the PUCCH (182) in the adjacent ND slot by performing a PUCCH transmission postponement operation. The terminal can select the PUCCH resource indicated by the first PUCCH configuration in the ND slot or the first PUCCH resource, and perform PUCCH transmission in the selected PUCCH resource (or the selected first PUCCH resource).

[0193] msg3 PUSCH

[0194] Ramp-up value

[0195] A method for deriving transmit power for PRACH transmission (e.g., RA preamble transmission) will be described. The PRACH transmit power may be determined based on a bandwidth part (BWP), a frequency band, and / or a downlink reference signal (DL RS). The terminal may determine the transmit power for RA preamble transmission (e.g., initial transmission) based on Equation 1 below.

[0196]

[0197] may be the transmit power of the RA preamble. For example, may be the transmit power of the RA preamble in the active UL BWP (b) of the carrier (f) of the cell (c) within the transmission occasion (i). may be the maximum output power for a carrier (f) of a cell (c) within a transmission occasion (i). The maximum output power may be predefined in the technical specifications. Alternatively, the maximum output power may be indicated to the terminal by signaling from the base station.

[0198] may be the PRACH target reception power for the active UL BWP (b) of the carrier (f) of the cell (c). The PRACH target reception power may be determined based on the following mathematical expression 2.

[0199]

[0200] may be the target power for receiving the preamble as indicated by the base station. can be predefined in technical specifications. may be a preamble power ramping counter. The initial value of the preamble power ramping counter may be 1. The preamble power ramping counter may be incremented by 1 for each retransmission of the RA preamble. may be a power ramping step directed by the base station.

[0201] may be the path loss for the active UL BWP (b) of the carrier (f) of the cell (c). The path loss may be determined based on the following mathematical expression 3.

[0202]

[0203] may be a reference signal power indicated to the terminal by signaling from the base station. It may be RSRP (reference signal received power) measured at the upper layer of the terminal.

[0204] The terminal can determine (e.g., calculate) the PRACH transmission power by comprehensively considering the maximum output power set in the upper layer, the target received power (PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER), and / or the measured path loss (Pathloss). The path loss can be determined based on the difference between the power of the reference signal (referenceSignalPower) and the RSRP value measured by the terminal. The RSRP can be determined based on the filtering method set in the upper layer.

[0205] If a PRACH transmission fails, the UE can perform a retransmission for the PRACH. The UE can perform a power ramping operation that gradually increases the PRACH transmission power for each PRACH retransmission. The power increase can be determined based on a power ramping step (e.g., powerRampingStep). The UE can repeatedly increase the target received power (PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER) by a value based on the power ramping step. If the PRACH transmission is not successful even after performing the power ramping operation multiple times, the UE can change the type of transmission resource (RO, Resource Occasion) and continue the PRACH transmission on the transmission resource with the changed type. For example, if the PRACH transmission fails in the initial RO (e.g., if the number of PRACH transmission failures in the initial RO exceeds the maximum number of transmissions), the UE can perform the PRACH transmission in an additional RO. Alternatively, if PRACH transmission fails in an additional RO (e.g., if the number of failed PRACH transmissions in an additional RO exceeds the maximum number of transmissions), the terminal may perform PRACH transmission in the initial RO.

[0206] An RO where PRACH transmission is performed may be a RACH (random access channel) occasion. The RO types may be classified into legacy RO and SBFD RO. A legacy RO may be an RO configured in N(non)-SBFD resources (e.g., N-SBFD symbol(s)). A legacy RO may be referred to as an initial RO. An SBFD RO may be an RO configured in SBFD resources (e.g., SBFD symbol(s)). An SBFD RO may be referred to as an additional RO. A base station may transmit information on the maximum number of transmissions for an RA preamble to a terminal through signaling. A terminal may receive information on the maximum number of transmissions for an RA preamble from the base station. The terminal may determine an RO type (e.g., a legacy RO or an additional RO) to transmit an RA preamble based on a comparison result between the number of transmission failures of an RA preamble (e.g., a PRACH) and the maximum number of transmissions.

[0207] The power ramping step (e.g., power ramping step size) can be set commonly for the legacy RO and the additional RO. For example, the base station can set a common power ramping step for the legacy RO and the additional RO, and can transmit information about the common power ramping step to the terminal via signaling. The terminal can receive information about the common power ramping step from the base station. The terminal can determine the transmit power of the RA preamble based on the common power ramping step regardless of the RO type (e.g., legacy RO or additional RO). Alternatively, the power ramping step (e.g., power ramping step size) can be set independently for each of the legacy RO and the additional RO. For example, the base station can set a first power ramping step for the legacy RO and a second power ramping step for the additional RO, and can transmit information about the first power ramping step and information about the second power ramping step to the terminal via signaling. The terminal may receive information on the first power ramping step and information on the second power ramping step from the base station. The terminal may use the first power ramping step to determine the transmit power of the RA preamble transmitted from the legacy RO. The terminal may use the second power ramping step to determine the transmit power of the RA preamble transmitted from the additional RO.

[0208] When an RO change occurs (e.g., from a legacy RO to an additional RO or from an additional RO to a legacy RO), the UE can determine how to handle the preamble power ramp-up value. Various processing methods may exist. The UE can simply increment a ramping counter (e.g., a power ramping counter or a preamble power ramping counter) by 1 when the RO change occurs. Alternatively, the UE can initialize the ramping counter when the RO change occurs. Alternatively, the base station can explicitly instruct the UE how to handle the ramping counter through signaling (e.g., higher layer signaling). The UE can maintain the ramping counter based on the instruction from the base station. Alternatively, the UE can initialize the ramping counter based on the instruction from the base station. The above-described power control methods can be flexibly applied based on the RACH configuration method of the UE (e.g., configuration method 1, configuration method 2). The power control methods can be designed to ensure optimal performance in various network operating environments.

[0209] The ramping counter may be incremented for each retransmission of the RA preamble, regardless of the type of RO in which the RA preamble is transmitted (e.g., legacy RO or additional RO). For example, if transmission of the RA preamble fails in a legacy RO, the UE may retransmit the RA preamble in an additional RO following the legacy RO. If the transmit power of the RA preamble in the legacy RO is determined based on ramping counter n, the UE may determine the transmit power of the RA preamble in the additional RO based on ramping counter n+1. For another example, if transmission of the RA preamble in an additional RO fails, the UE may retransmit the RA preamble in a legacy RO following the additional RO. If the transmit power of the RA preamble in the additional RO is determined based on ramping counter n, the UE may determine the transmit power of the RA preamble in the legacy RO based on ramping counter n+1. n may be a natural number.

[0210] A case where a terminal performs CBRA (Contention Based Random Access) to randomly access a base station may be considered. The terminal may receive SIB1 from the base station and, based on SIB1, determine that the base station supports SBFD operation. If the terminal has the capability to perform SBFD, the terminal may select a set of ROs from among the SD set of ROs (e.g., additional ROs) or the ND set of ROs (e.g., legacy ROs). The terminal may transmit msg1 (message1) using the resources of one RO or one RO group belonging to the selected set of ROs. Before reporting the capability, the terminal may inform the base station whether SBFD can be performed based on the type of RO transmitting msg1.

[0211] If a terminal fails to perform a random access, the terminal may increase a ramping counter. At this time, the terminal may maintain the set of ROs that it has already selected. If the number of failures in the random access exceeds a threshold (e.g., the maximum number of transmissions of the RA preamble), the terminal may change the duplex type of the RO. If a random access continues to fail in an SD set of ROs (e.g., an additional RO) (e.g., if the number of failures in transmission of the RA preamble in an additional RO exceeds the maximum number of transmissions), the terminal may select an ND set of ROs (e.g., a legacy RO) and perform a random access again in the ND set of ROs. If a random access continues to fail in an ND set of ROs (e.g., if the number of failures in transmission of the RA preamble in a legacy RO exceeds the maximum number of transmissions), the terminal may select an SD set of ROs (e.g., an additional RO) and perform a random access again in the SD set of ROs. The base station can transmit to the terminal information regarding the maximum number of transmissions of the RA preamble for changing the RO type through signaling. The terminal can receive information regarding the maximum number of transmissions of the RA preamble for changing the RO type from the base station. If the number of transmission failures of the RA preamble in a certain RO type exceeds the maximum number of transmissions indicated by the base station, the terminal can change the RO type to another RO type and attempt to transmit (or retransmit) the RA preamble in the other RO type.

[0212] If the terminal selects the SD set of ROs, the base station can know that the terminal can perform the SBFD operation. If the terminal selects the ND set of ROs, the base station cannot know whether the terminal can perform the SBFD operation, and the base station can determine whether the terminal can perform the SBFD operation based on the capabilities received from the terminal.

[0213] A terminal may select an ND set of ROs, and may continuously fail to perform random access in the ND set of ROs. If the number of failed random accesses is greater than or equal to a threshold (e.g., a maximum number of transmissions), the terminal may select an SD set of ROs instead of the ND set of ROs, and may perform random access in the SD set of ROs. If the terminal changes the set of ROs, a ramping counter (e.g., a value of the ramping counter) of the terminal may be greater than or equal to the threshold. In other words, if the ramping counter for the PRACH transmission power is greater than or equal to the threshold, the terminal may change the set of ROs. Even if the terminal changes the set of ROs (e.g., even if the terminal selects an ND set or an SD set of ROs), the ramping counter of the terminal may not be initialized.

[0214] The terminal may continue to fail random access attempts thereafter. If the number of random access failures exceeds a threshold (e.g., a threshold value), the terminal may need to reselect a set of ROs. According to the proposed method, if the ramping counter exceeds the threshold, the terminal may not select the SD set of ROs instead of the ND set of ROs. In this case, the terminal may fall back to the procedure of reselecting the Synchronization Signal Block (SSB). In the procedure of comparing the ramping counter with the threshold, the changed ramping counter and the threshold may be compared after the set of ROs has changed.

[0215] The above-described method can be applied even when the terminal changes the set of ROs only once. The terminal can select the ND set of ROs, and random access in the ND set of ROs can continuously fail. If the number of failed random accesses exceeds a threshold, the terminal may not be able to perform random access by selecting the SD set of ROs. In the above-described situation, the terminal can fall back to the procedure of re-selecting the SSB instead of selecting the SD set of ROs. In this case, the ramping counter of the terminal can be initialized. Alternatively, the ramping counter of the terminal can be de-initialized. In the procedure of comparing the ramping counter with the threshold, the changed ramping counter and the threshold can be compared after the set of ROs is changed. In other words, the operation of changing from the ND set of ROs to the SD set of ROs can be performed at most once. Whether the above-described operation is performed can be determined using the ramping counter.

[0216] Power control

[0217] After a successful PRACH transmission, the UE can receive a Random Access Response (RAR) message from the base station. Based on the RAR message, the UE can transmit a msg3 PUSCH to the base station. The msg3 PUSCH may be conveniently referred to as msg3. msg3 can be transmitted on the PUCCH. The transmission power of the msg3 PUSCH can be determined based on a more complex calculation process than the general UL transmission power. The transmission power can be determined based on various configuration values, various channel environments, and / or PRACH transmission history.

[0218] The terminal can determine the transmission power based on the configured UL BWP, a set of power control parameters, and / or a power control adjustment state. The maximum output power (P_CMAX), the target power (PO) set in the upper layer, and / or the offset according to channel state information (CSI) and MCS may be considered during the transmission power determination process.

[0219] The msg3 PUSCH may be closely related to a PRACH transmission (e.g., msg1 transmission). The power ramp-up information used in the PRACH transmission may be considered to determine the transmit power of msg3. In other words, the accumulated power increase from the first PRACH transmission (e.g., the first RA preamble transmission) to the last PRACH retransmission may be considered to determine the transmit power of msg3. The above-mentioned value may be preset by signaling (e.g., higher-layer signaling). Alternatively, the above-mentioned value may be ignored depending on the situation. Alternatively, a corrected value may be determined by applying an offset to the above-mentioned value, and the corrected value may be considered to determine the msg3 transmit power. The transmit power (e.g., transmit power level) of msg3 may be determined based on the transmit power of the RA preamble (e.g., the transmit power of the most recent RA preamble transmission).

[0220] Considering the difference in power control methods between terminals that support SBFD operation and legacy terminals that do not support SBFD operation, the detailed operations below may be considered.

[0221] Based on the symbol type (e.g., SD symbol or ND symbol) in which the terminal transmits msg3, the terminal can set the msg3 target power (PO_PRE) by applying different PRACH target powers. If the power set for PRACH transmission in an SBFD symbol is PSD (power SD) and the power set for PRACH transmission in a normal symbol (e.g., ND symbol) is PND (power ND), the terminal can determine the transmission power of msg3 based on the symbol type in which msg3 is transmitted.

[0222] Whether the RO type has changed in the PRACH transmission procedure can affect the transmission power control of msg3. In this case, the terminal can decide whether to use the accumulated power ramp-up value as is, whether to ignore the power ramp-up value in some sections, or whether to initialize and apply the power ramp-up value.

[0223] If the terminal successfully transmits msg1 using legacy RO in the ND symbol, transmission power control for msg3 can be performed in the conventional manner. The terminal can determine the transmission power for msg3 based on the accumulated power increase value from the PRACH transmission.

[0224] For another example, a case may be considered where a terminal transmits msg1 more than once, fails to transmit msg1 in an additional RO of an SD symbol, and succeeds in transmitting msg1 in a legacy RO of an ND symbol instead of an SD symbol. In the above situation, the terminal may initialize or maintain the ramping counter at the same value, and apply the legacy power reference for msg3 power control.

[0225] A case may be considered where a terminal transmits msg1 more than twice, msg1 transmission fails in a legacy RO of an ND symbol, and msg1 transmission succeeds in an additional RO of an SD symbol instead of an ND symbol. In the above-described situation, the terminal may determine the transmission power of msg3 based on the additional RO.

[0226] It may be considered that a terminal successfully transmits msg1 in an additional RO of an SD symbol, and then transmits msg3 in the SD symbol. In this case, the terminal may ignore the previously accumulated power increase value in the transmission power determination procedure for msg3. Alternatively, the terminal may apply a separate offset to determine the transmission power for msg3.

[0227] According to the above-described transmission power compensation method, uplink interference can be minimized and power imbalance between different transmission resources can be prevented. The terminal can use the total accumulated power ramp-up value, the power ramp-up value in a specific section, or the power ramp-up value considered as 0 as the power ramp-up value for determining the transmission power of msg3. The base station can explicitly indicate to the terminal the power ramp-up value used by the terminal through signaling (e.g., upper layer signaling).

[0228] The terminal can apply a power offset to determine the transmit power of msg3. A ramping counter can be operated for each duplex type, and a prioritized ramp-up can be applied. Using a prioritized ramp-up method, the terminal can obtain the ramp-up value more quickly by applying a separate ramping step to perform a prioritized random access.

[0229] How to Interpret FDRA in Fallback Actions

[0230] The base station can determine whether the terminal performs the SBFD operation on the set of ROs that transmitted msg1. If the terminal selects the ND set of ROs for transmitting msg1, the base station can allocate resources (e.g., time resources) for transmissions of msg2, msg3, msg4, and msg4 HARQ-ACKs in ND symbols. If the terminal selects the SD set of ROs for transmitting msg1, the base station can consider resources (e.g., time resources) for transmissions of msg2, msg3, msg4, and msg4 HARQ-ACKs as SD symbols or ND symbols. The terminal may continuously fail to make random accesses, and the terminal may change the duplex type of the set of ROs due to the random access failures. In this case, the terminal may determine the duplex type based on the set of ROs associated with the most recently transmitted msg1.

[0231] FDRA can schedule frequency resources of msg3. The interpretation of FDRA in SD symbols may differ from the interpretation of FDRA in ND symbols. ND and SD symbols may overlap. DL-available PRBs and / or UL-available PRBs may exist in SD symbols. DL-available PRBs and / or UL-available PRBs may not be configured in ND symbols.

[0232] If the terminal selects the SD set of ROs, the base station can schedule msg2 in the SD symbol or the ND symbol. If the time resource indicated by the RAR UL grant included in msg2 (e.g., the time resource for transmitting msg3) only includes ND symbols, it may be desirable for the terminal to apply a method for interpreting FDRA (e.g., the FDRA field) in the ND symbol.

[0233] If the time resource indicated by the RAR UL grant included in msg2 (e.g., the time resource for transmitting msg3) includes an SD symbol, it may be desirable for the terminal to apply a method for interpreting FDRA (e.g., the FDRA field) in the SD symbol. In this case, the terminal can interpret the scheduling information (e.g., FDRA, RAR UL grant) of msg3 by applying an appropriate offset to the PRB index belonging to the UL-available PRB.

[0234] The size of the field allocated to indicate FDRA can be determined based on the bandwidth of the initial UL BWP. Since the bandwidth of the UL available PRB is less than the bandwidth of the initial UL BWP, fewer bits may be required to indicate FDRA. In this case, the reduced bits can be set to known bits, and the value of the known bits can be 0. The known bits can be filled in the Most Significant Bit (MSB) or Least Significant Bit (LSB) of the FDRA field so that the size of the FDRA field remains constant.

[0235] If the terminal selects an ND set of ROs, the base station can schedule msg2 only in ND symbols. The RAR UL grant included in msg2 can indicate time and / or frequency resources for msg3 transmission. The FDRA indicating frequency resources for msg3 transmission can be expressed using the bandwidth of the initial UL BWP.

[0236] The above-described embodiments can be applied not only to the RAR UL grant but also to a DCI format (e.g., DCI format 0_0) that schedules msg3. DCI format 0_0 having a CRC scrambled by a Temporary Cell (TC)-RNTI can be interpreted as scheduling msg3. When DCI format 1_0 schedules msg3 transmission in a resource including an SD symbol, the FDRA of msg3 can be interpreted based on the bandwidth of the UL available PRB. To set the FDRA field to have a fixed size, a known bit can be appended to the MSB or LSB of the FDRA field. In this case, the size of DCI format 0_0 including the FDRA field may not be changed. The FDRA interpretation method can be based on PRB indexing in the UL available PRB, and the FDRA can be interpreted based on the application of the PRB offset.

[0237] PUCCH

[0238] When a terminal receives a PDSCH or SPS PDSCH, the terminal can decode a TB and determine an HARQ-ACK for the decoded TB. The terminal can transmit a PUCCH including the HARQ-ACK to a base station (e.g., a serving base station). In the present disclosure, the base station may be interpreted as a serving base station depending on the context. According to the proposed method, when SPS (e.g., SPS configuration) is activated, the base station can indicate two or more PUCCH resources to the terminal through signaling. The terminal can identify two or more PUCCH resources through signaling from the base station. The two or more PUCCH resources may include a PUCCH resource in an SD symbol (or SD slot) and a PUCCH resource in an ND symbol (or ND slot).

[0239] According to the technical specifications, a terminal can receive an indication of one or more PUCCH resources from a base station. To transmit a HARQ-ACK for a single SPS PDSCH, a PUCCH resource, which can include 1 bit, can be indicated to the terminal. The base station can indicate the PUCCH resource index (e.g., n1PUCCH-AN) to the terminal through signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). The terminal can confirm the PUCCH resource index (e.g., n1PUCCH-AN) through signaling from the base station.

[0240] When two or more PDSCHs (e.g., two or more SPS PDSCHs) are received in the same slot, HARQ-ACKs for the two or more PDSCHs can be transmitted in the same slot, and the size of the HARQ-ACKs can be 3 bits or more. The base station can indicate separate PUCCH resources (e.g., PUCCH-AN-List, sps-PUCCH-AN-List) to the terminal through signaling. The terminal can check the PUCCH resources indicated by the signaling of the base station. The terminal can select a PUCCH resource based on the size of the HARQ-ACK among the PUCCH resources.

[0241] The first PUCCH resource can be used for transmitting HARQ-ACK of N1 bits or less. For each of the second PUCCH resource, the third PUCCH resource, and the fourth PUCCH resource, the base station can indicate to the terminal the PRI and N2 bits, N3 bits, and N4 bits, respectively. The second PUCCH resource can be used for transmitting HARQ-ACK of N2 bits or less, the third PUCCH resource can be used for transmitting HARQ-ACK of N3 bits or less, and the fourth PUCCH resource can be used for transmitting HARQ-ACK of N4 bits or less. Each of the N1 bit, the N2 bit, the N3 bit, and the N4 bit can be a natural number. The above-described embodiment can be extended.

[0242] Frequency resources for PUCCH transmission can be interpreted as PRB indices. When frequency hopping is applied to PUCCH resources (e.g., PUCCH frequency resources), two PRB indices can be configured (e.g., indicated). The two PRB indices can indicate a first PRB and a second PRB. Considering PUCCH resources for one PUCCH transmission, UCI can be mapped from the first PRB of the first hop in the frequency domain. Among the L symbols of PUCCH resources, floor(L / 2) can be included in the first hop. L can be a natural number. UCI can be mapped from the second PRB of the second hop in the frequency domain. Among the L symbols of PUCCH resources, ceil(L / 2) can be included in the second hop. Considering PUCCH resources for multiple PUCCH transmissions, UCI can be mapped from the first PRB of the odd-numbered hop in the frequency domain, and UCI can be mapped from the second PRB of the even-numbered hop in the frequency domain.

[0243] If a PUCCH frequency resource does not belong to a UL BWP or a UL available PRB, the validity of the PUCCH frequency resource may not be determined. Considering the UL BWP and the UL available PRB, since the bandwidth of the UL BWP is different from the bandwidth of the UL available PRB, hopping for the PUCCH frequency resource may not be performed. Alternatively, hopping for PRBs belonging to the UL available PRB among the PUCCH frequency resources may be performed. The multiple PUCCH resources indicated to the terminal may include different frequency resources, and it may be desirable to allocate the frequency resources to the terminal so that many frequency resources are determined to be valid frequency resources.

[0244] Considering a base station supporting SBFD operation, the same PUCCH configuration (e.g., PUCCH-config) or different PUCCH configurations can be applied to SD and ND symbols. The UE can select one PUCCH resource appropriate for the symbol type or slot type among two PUCCH resources applicable to the same HARQ-ACK bit.

[0245] According to the technical specifications, the PUCCH configuration may include information comprehensively configuring PUCCH resources. The PUCCH configuration may include at least one of configuration information for a PUCCH resource set based on the number of bits in the UCI, configuration information for a PUCCH format, type information for a HARQ codebook, information related to a Tx beam applied to PUCCH transmission, or information regarding the transmission power applied to PUCCH transmission.

[0246] According to the technical specifications, a PUCCH configuration can indicate separate PUCCH resources for a UE to transmit HARQ-ACK for eMBB traffic or URLLC traffic. The UE can use the PUCCH resources indicated by the first PUCCH configuration to transmit UCI with normal reception quality. The UE can use the PUCCH resources indicated by the second PUCCH configuration to transmit UCI with extremely high reception quality.

[0247] Based on the above-described embodiment, a base station supporting SBFD operation can indicate two or more PUCCH configurations to a terminal. The first PUCCH configuration can indicate resources for PUCCH transmission in an SD symbol, and the second PUCCH configuration can indicate resources for PUCCH transmission in an ND symbol. The difference between the reception quality of UCI required in an SD symbol and the reception quality of UCI required in an ND symbol may not be significant. The transmission power and / or Tx beam can be indicated differently for each PUCCH resource.

[0248] In this case, if a PUCCH resource includes both SD and ND symbols, the terminal may consider the PUCCH resource as an invalid resource. An invalid resource may refer to a resource for which the terminal does not perform PUCCH transmission, and the terminal may perform subsequent operations without PUCCH transmission.

[0249] According to the proposed method, all PUCCH resources indicated by the PUCCH configuration can be composed of SD symbols or ND symbols. For example, the first PUCCH configuration can indicate PUCCH resources composed of ND symbols, and the second PUCCH configuration can indicate PUCCH resources composed of SD symbols.

[0250] According to the proposed method, PUCCH resources indicated by the PUCCH configuration may be composed of SD symbols and / or ND symbols. In this case, the validity of PUCCH resources may be determined on a symbol-by-symbol basis.

[0251] A base station can indicate multiple PUCCH resources to a terminal, and the terminal can select one of the multiple PUCCH resources. Each PUCCH resource can be indicated by different PUCCH configurations or the same PUCCH configuration.

[0252] According to the proposed method, when there are multiple PDSCH candidates (e.g., multiple SPS PDSCH candidates), multiple PUCCH resources for the multiple PDSCH candidates can be configured (e.g., indicated). The base station can indicate a PUCCH-AN-List (e.g., a PUCCH resource list) to the terminal, and can indicate an additional list to the terminal. The PUCCH-AN-List can be referred to as a first list (e.g., a first PUCCH resource list), and the additional list can be referred to as a second list (e.g., a second PUCCH resource list). The first list can include indices of PUCCH resources in an ND symbol. The second list can include indices of PUCCH resources in an SD symbol. One list can indicate PUCCH resources belonging to the same PUCCH configuration. The first list and the second list can indicate PUCCH resources belonging to the same PUCCH configuration. Alternatively, the first list and the second list may indicate PUCCH resources belonging to different PUCCH configurations.

[0253] According to the proposed method, multiple TCI states can correspond to one PUCCH resource belonging to one PUCCH configuration. A first TCI state applied to transmission (e.g., PUCCH transmission) in ND symbol(s) can be applied to the PUCCH resource. A second TCI state applied to transmission (e.g., PUCCH transmission) in SD symbol(s) can be applied to the PUCCH resource. The first TCI state and the second TCI state can be distinguished from each other. The terminal can apply different transmission powers based on the first TCI state and the second TCI state. To support the above-described operation, a path loss-reference signal (PL-RS) can be applied differently to the first TCI state and the second TCI state. A transmission power control loop (e.g., a power control adjustment state) can be applied differently to the first TCI state and the second TCI state. A power offset may be applied, and the transmit power when the first TCI state is applied and the transmit power when the second TCI state is applied may be derived based on the same PL-RS or the same transmit power control loop.

[0254] A terminal can determine the validity of time and / or frequency resources in the slot (or symbol) in which PUCCH transmission is performed. According to the proposed method, since time and frequency resources are indicated as a single PUCCH resource, the validity of the time and frequency resources can be independent of the TCI status applied to the PUCCH resource. When a single PUCCH resource is indicated to the terminal, RRC signaling similar to the technical specification can be utilized. The TCI status can be applied separately for each PUCCH instance.

[0255] According to the proposed method, a base station can configure (e.g., instruct) a terminal to configure two or more frequency resources for one PUCCH resource. The terminal can apply the configuration of one frequency resource based on a symbol type among the configurations of the two or more frequency resources. The base station can configure (e.g., instruct) the terminal to configure two or more frequency resources corresponding to one PUCCH resource identifier. The base station can instruct the terminal to configure the frequency resource in an ND symbol (e.g., a PRB index or a first PRB index and a second PRB index) and the frequency resource in an SD symbol. The configuration of the frequency resource in the ND symbol can be independent of the configuration of the frequency resource in the SD symbol. The terminal can select one of the two or more frequency resources based on the symbol type of the PUCCH resource (e.g., the type of symbol on which PUCCH transmission is performed).

[0256] Power control

[0257] When SBFD operation is supported, PUCCH transmit power control in SD symbols and PUCCH transmit power control in ND symbols can be applied differently.

[0258] "When the terminal performs initial access" or "when the terminal does not receive configuration (e.g., indication) of a dedicated resource set", the terminal may use a PUCCH belonging to a cell-specific resource set. To transmit a HARQ-ACK for a PDSCH scheduled by DCI format 1_0, the terminal may use a PUCCH belonging to the cell-specific resource set. The terminal may perform a random access procedure with a camping base station for initial access. The random access procedure may be a four-step RA (random access) procedure or a two-step RA procedure. In the four-step RA procedure, msg1, msg2, msg3, and / or msg4 may be transmitted and received between the terminal and a base station (e.g., a camping base station). In the two-step RA procedure, msgA and / or msgB may be transmitted and received between the terminal and the base station. The size of HARQ-ACK for msg4 PDSCH (e.g., msg4) can be 1 bit. When a terminal transmits a HARQ-ACK for msg4 PDSCH to a camping base station, an RRC connection can be considered established between the terminal and the camping base station.

[0259] Power control parameters for determining PUCCH transmission power can be divided into power control parameters for open-loop control and power control parameters for closed-loop control. Closed-loop control may generally mean dynamic accumulation. The terminal may control PUCCH power (e.g., PUCCH transmission power) based on a separate field included in the DCI format. DCI format 2_3 may include an accumulation value for controlling PUCCH power and / or PUSCH power. The accumulation value may indicate an increase or decrease in power. DCI format 2_3 may have a CRC scrambled by Transmit Power Control (TPC)-PUSCH-RNTI or TPC-PUCCH-RNTI. DCI format 1_0 and / or DCI format 1_2 may include scheduling information for data (e.g., PDSCH) and resource information for PUCCH transmission (e.g., HARQ-ACK transmission) on the PDSCH. Additionally, DCI format 1_0 and / or DCI format 1_2 may include an accumulation value applicable to the PUCCH (e.g., PUCCH power).

[0260] The PUCCH transmission power can be determined based on Equation 4 or Equation 5 below. The parameter(s) dynamically updated in Equation 4 or Equation 5 will be described in detail.

[0261]

[0262]

[0263] or can represent an output value set in the terminal. PUCCH can be transmitted on the carrier (f) of the serving cell (c), and k can mean the kth TCI state. The transmission time of PUCCH can be expressed as i. i can be an index utilized in dynamic update. or may be a value indicated from a higher level. can be designated as p0-nominlal. can be indicated by P0-PUCCH-Value. may be the number of RBs occupied by PUCCH. can be interpreted as a value indicating path loss. If a PL-RS configuration is received (e.g., indicated), the terminal can measure path loss based on the PL-RS. If a PL-RS configuration is not indicated, the terminal can measure path loss based on SSB. can be determined based on the PUCCH format. can be determined based on upper layer signaling. It may be a value that is separately corrected based on the number of symbols that PUCCH has and the UCI size.

[0264] The value may be a dynamic cumulative value reflecting changes in power control. may be indicated by the DCI format or DCI format 2_2 that generates the PUCCH transmission occasion i. can be the index of the power control loop. can be accumulated over time. The dynamic accumulation method described above may be applied differently in the initial access procedure of a terminal supporting SBFD operation. Since the terminal has not yet acquired the C-RNTI, the dynamic accumulation method described above may be applied differently. Since the base station has not instructed the terminal to perform UE-specific accumulation, the dynamic accumulation method described above may be applied differently.

[0265] can be defined. can be defined, can be interpreted as a TPC command value, may be a value referenced in the RAR UL grant. It may be a TPC command value referenced in the DCI format received in the recovery procedure of RLF (radio link failure) or the recovery procedure of beam failure.

[0266] can be interpreted more complexly. can be expressed as the first or second value below.

[0267] The first value is and can satisfy all of them, and the first value can be greater than or equal to 0. The second value is and can satisfy all of the above, and the second value can be greater than or equal to 0.

[0268] may be a value indicated by the upper layer. The power ramp-up derived after performing the first transmission of msg1 to the last transmission of msg1 (e.g., the last retransmission) is can be corresponded to.

[0269] A resource (e.g., resource type) through which a terminal supporting SBFD operation transmits a PRACH preamble (e.g., msg1) may be different from a resource (e.g., resource type) through which the terminal transmits msg3 and / or msg4 HARQ-ACK. msg4 HARQ-ACK may mean a HARQ-ACK for msg4. The resource may be an SD resource or an ND resource. Depending on the combination of resource types, the interpretation of the ramp-up value may be different. The above-described embodiment may relate to the interpretation of the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) and / or the number of ramp-up values ​​(e.g., ramping counter).

[0270] If the duplex type of the resource transmitting msg1 is the same as the duplex type of the resource transmitting msg4 (or msg4 HARQ-ACK), the embodiments specified in the technical specification may be applied. The initial access procedure may be performed using SD resources, and the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) may be utilized as a value for adjusting the transmission power of msg1 in the SD resources. The ramp-up value may be applied as a value for adjusting the transmission power of msg4 PUCCH. msg4 PUCCH may mean msg4 HARQ-ACK.

[0271] If the duplex type of the resource through which msg1 is transmitted and the duplex type of the resource through which msg4 (or msg4 HARQ-ACK) is transmitted are different, the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) can be reused. Alternatively, the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) can be reset, and another ramp-up value (or another ramping counter) can be applied. The ramp-up value (or ramping counter) can be applied regardless of the duplex type. The terminal can use the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) derived based on msg1 transmitted on the SD resource to derive the transmit power of msg4 PUCCH to be transmitted on the ND resource. The terminal can use the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) derived based on msg1 transmitted on the ND resource to derive the transmit power of msg4 PUCCH to be transmitted on the SD resource. In other words, the transmit power of the PUCCH containing the HARQ-ACK for msg4 can be determined based on the transmit power of the RA preamble (e.g., the transmit power of the most recent RA preamble transmission).

[0272] The above-described embodiment may imply that the maximum power boundary for the terminal is exceeded. When the terminal applies a ramp-up value (or ramping counter) by changing the SD resource and the ND resource, a power offset may be introduced to lower the transmit power. The power offset may serve to lower the transmit power. A similar problem may occur in the msg3 transmission, and the same power offset as msg3 may be applied in the msg4 PUCCH transmission. Alternatively, the power offset of msg3 may be different from that of msg4 PUCCH. Since the payload of msg3 is different from that of msg4 PUCCH, applying different power offsets rather than the same power offset may be desirable. The base station may indicate the power offset(s) to the terminal through signaling (e.g., higher-layer signaling). The terminal may check the power offset(s) through the signaling from the base station. The power offset may be included in SIB1.

[0273] When the terminal repeatedly performs retransmission for msg1, the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) can be applied to the SD resource, and the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) can also be applied to the ND resource. The terminal may have both a ramp-up value (or ramping counter) for the SD resource and a ramp-up value (or ramping counter) for the ND resource. The terminal may apply an appropriate ramp-up value (or ramping counter) based on the duplex type of the resource on which msg4 PUCCH is transmitted.

[0274] A terminal can use one ramp-up value (or one ramping counter). For example, if a ramp-up value (or ramping counter) is used in an SD resource, the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) in an ND resource can be set to a default value (e.g., 0 or 1), and when msg4 PUCCH (e.g., msg4 PUCCH transmission) is allocated in the ND resource, the transmission power of the msg4 PUCCH can be significantly reduced. To avoid the above-described problem, the terminal can determine the transmission power of the msg4 PUCCH by utilizing the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) in the SD resource.

[0275] The above-described embodiment may imply that the maximum power boundary for the terminal has been exceeded. Therefore, a power offset may be introduced to reduce the transmit power. The power offset may serve to reduce the transmit power.

[0276] The above-described embodiment may imply that the terminal maintains a single ramp-up value (or ramping counter) regardless of the duplex type. The terminal may determine the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) based on the number of transmissions of msg1, regardless of the duplex type. When the terminal changes the duplex type of the resource for msg3 transmission or msg4 PUCCH transmission, the terminal may apply a power offset to determine the transmission power.

[0277] The terminal can apply a power offset to determine the transmit power. A ramping counter can be operated for each duplex type, and a prioritized ramp-up can be applied. Using a prioritized ramp-up method, the terminal can obtain the ramp-up value more quickly by applying a separate ramping step to perform a prioritized random access.

[0278] PRACH power control

[0279] The above-described power control can be applied to msg1 transmission, msg3 transmission, and / or msg4 PUCCH transmission. Even if one ramp-up value (or one ramping counter) is operated in the retransmission procedure of msg1 or the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) is operated for each duplex type, if the ramp-up value (or ramping counter) is applied as is in the transmission power determination procedure of msg1, the determined transmission power may exceed the range of the maximum transmission power of the terminal. To prevent the above-described problem, a separate power offset can be introduced. When the duplex type is changed, the power offset can be utilized to reduce the transmission power.

[0280] Since similar issues can arise in msg3 transmissions and / or msg4 PUCCH transmissions, applying a power offset may be desirable. For example, the same power offset can be applied. The power offset for msg1, the power offset for msg3, and the power offset for msg4 PUCCH transmissions can be applied independently.

[0281] The terminal can apply a power offset to determine the transmit power. A ramping counter can be operated for each duplex type, and a prioritized ramp-up can be applied. Using a prioritized ramp-up method, the terminal can obtain the ramp-up value more quickly by applying a separate ramping step to perform a prioritized random access.

[0282] PRACH by PDCCH order

[0283] The random access procedure performed by a terminal can be classified into a contention-based random access (CBRA) procedure or a contention-free random access (CFRA) procedure based on whether additional procedures for collision avoidance are performed. In the CBRA procedure, since an unspecified number of terminals may use the same msg1 preamble, a long identifier may be used in msg3 and msg4 to verify collision avoidance. In the CFRA procedure, the base station may indicate RACH configuration information so that an unspecified number of terminals may use different msg1 preambles. The base station may not perform any operation for collision avoidance, and if a response is received in the CFRA procedure, the terminal may perform the procedure following the random access procedure.

[0284] The CFRA procedure can be triggered when certain conditions are met at the terminal's upper layer. The terminal's upper layer can send a command to the terminal's physical layer to transmit msg1. The CFRA procedure can be triggered when a beam failure occurs, a scheduling request fails, or a handover is required.

[0285] Although the SI (system information) request procedure is different from the CFRA procedure, the SI request procedure and the CFRA procedure may not be significantly different in terms of the terminal transmitting msg1.

[0286] Alternatively, the CFRA procedure can be triggered by the base station. The base station (e.g., the serving base station) can dynamically instruct the terminal to transmit msg1. Instructing the terminal to transmit msg1 may mean a PDCCH order (e.g., a PDCCH command). If certain fields included in DCI format 1_0 with a CRC scrambled by the C-RNTI are set to fixed values, the terminal can interpret the DCI format 1_0 as requesting msg1 transmission rather than scheduling resources. In other words, the terminal can interpret the DCI format 1_0 as a PDCCH order. For msg1 transmission, the terminal can interpret information from which one preamble and one RO can be derived.

[0287] If all FDRA fields included in DCI format 1_0 having CRC scrambled by C-RNTI are set to 1, the terminal can interpret the DCI format 1_0 as a PDCCH order.

[0288] The RA preamble index field can indicate the msg1 preamble used by the terminal. The UL / SUL (Supplementary Uplink) indicator can indicate the UL carrier on which the terminal transmits msg1. If the RA preamble index field is not 0, the SS / PBCH index field can be used to indicate the SS / PBCH. The SS / PBCH index field can be used to determine the RO. If the RA preamble index field is 0, the SS / PBCH index field may not be used. In other words, the SS / PBCH index field may be reserved.

[0289] If the RA preamble index field is not 0, the PRACH mask index field may indicate at least one of the ROs associated with the SS / PBCH (e.g., SSB) indicated by the SS / PBCH index field. If the RA preamble index field is 0, the PRACH mask index field may not be used. In other words, the PRACH mask index field may be reserved.

[0290] If Early UL-SyncConfig is indicated for the terminal, the cell indicator field may indicate the serving cell (e.g., the serving base station) to which the terminal transmits the PRACH. If Early UL-SyncConfig is not indicated for the terminal, the size of the cell indicator field may be 0 bits. In other words, if Early UL-SyncConfig is not indicated for the terminal, the cell indicator field may not be set.

[0291] "If tag2-Id is indicated to the terminal, coresetPoolIndex is not indicated to the terminal, and coresetPoolIndex of the second CORESETs is indicated as 1" or "if tag2-Id is indicated to the terminal, coresetPoolIndex of the first CORESETs is indicated as 0, and coresetPoolIndex of the second CORESETs is indicated as 1", the size of the PRACH association indicator field can be interpreted as 1 bit. If the cell indicated by the cell indicator field is a candidate cell, 1 bit for the PRACH association indicator field can be reserved. If a setting other than the above-described setting is indicated to the terminal, the size of the PRACH association indicator field can be 0 bits. In other words, the PRACH association indicator field may not be used.

[0292] If Early UL-SyncConfig is indicated to the terminal, the size of the PRACH retransmission indicator field may be 1 bit. If Early UL-SyncConfig is not indicated to the terminal, the size of the PRACH retransmission indicator field may be 0 bits.

[0293] For a terminal supporting SBFD operation, the size of the RO type indicator field may be set to 1 bit. The RO type indicator field may indicate the type of RO selected by the terminal. For example, an RO type indicator field set to a first value may indicate that the terminal selects an RO (e.g., an additional RO) from the SD set of ROs, and an RO type indicator field set to a second value may indicate that the terminal selects an RO (e.g., a legacy RO) from the ND set of ROs. If the terminal does not support SBFD operation, the size of the RO type indicator field may be set to 0 bits.

[0294] The remaining bits in DCI format 1_0 may be reserved. The length (e.g., size) of DCI format 1_0 may be determined based on the BWP, CCE budget, and / or PDCCH budget. The number of reserved bits in DCI format 1_0 may be known to the terminal in advance.

[0295] When a PDCCH order is indicated to a terminal that supports SBFD operation and the RA preamble index field is not set to 0, the terminal can interpret that it is performing a CFRA procedure. The DCI format can indicate an SSB index, an SD set of ROs, and / or an ND set of ROs, and the terminal can select one RO by considering the PRACH mask index.

[0296] When a PDCCH order is indicated to a terminal that supports SBFD operation and the RA preamble index field is set to 0, the terminal can perform a CBRA procedure. In this case, the terminal can ignore the SS / PBCH index field. Since the terminal performs the CBRA procedure, the terminal can select the best SSB (e.g., an SSB with a quality higher than a threshold) by measuring the SSB (or CSI-RS). Based on a method similar to the above, the terminal can perform the CBRA procedure differently from when the interpretation of other fields indicates a CFRA procedure.

[0297] For example, a PRACH preamble index field set to 0 can be indicated to the terminal.

[0298] The selected SSB (or selected SSB) can be used to derive a set of ROs. According to the technical specification, since only the ND set of ROs is valid, the UE can check the validity of the RO in the FL symbol and / or the UL symbol. If the UE supports the SBFD operation, the UE can measure the RSRP of the SSB (or CSI-RS) and compare the measured RSRP with a threshold (e.g., an RSRP threshold). The base station can instruct the UE to select R0 from the ND set (e.g., legacy ROs) or SD set (e.g., additional ROs) of ROs through signaling if the measured RSRP of the SSB (or CSI-RS) is greater than or equal to the threshold. The UE can select R0 from the ND set or SD set of ROs based on the instruction of the base station if the measured RSRP of the SSB (or CSI-RS) is greater than or equal to the threshold. The base station can transmit the RSRP threshold to the UE through signaling. The UE can receive the RSRP threshold from the base station. The RSRP threshold can be used for selection of additional ROs (e.g., SBFD ROs), and the RSRP threshold for selection of additional ROs can be set independently of the existing RSRP threshold.

[0299] In a more detailed example for verifying the validity of ROs, a case can be divided into a case where ROs are indicated to a terminal using a single index (e.g., a PRACH configuration index) and a case where ROs are indicated to a terminal using two or more indices (e.g., PRACH configuration indices). A single PRACH configuration index can be considered as an index from which ROs are derived in the technical specification.

[0300] A terminal can distinguish between legacy ROs and additional ROs derived from a single PRACH configuration index. Legacy ROs consisting solely of ND symbols can be considered valid. Legacy ROs can also be interpreted as an ND set of ROs. Additional ROs consisting solely of SD symbols can be considered valid. Additional ROs can be interpreted as an SD set of ROs.

[0301] A terminal can derive legacy ROs from one PRACH configuration index and derive additional ROs from another PRACH configuration index. A legacy RO consisting only of ND symbols can be determined to be valid. If the first symbol of the legacy RO is an ND symbol, the last symbol of the legacy RO is an SD symbol, and the ND symbol(s) and the SD symbol(s) are concatenated in the time domain, the legacy RO can be determined to be valid.

[0302] The connection relationship between an RO and an SSB that is not determined to be valid may not be defined. The connection relationship between an RO and an SSB that is determined to be valid may be defined, and a mapping relationship (e.g., a connection relationship) between an RO and a specific SSB may be derived through RRC signaling.

[0303] In the above-described embodiment, the UL BWP may be a currently activated BWP. Alternatively, in the above-described embodiment, the UL BWP may be a UL BWP on which a CFRA procedure is performed (e.g., a first activated BWP, a first activated BWP).

[0304] The terminal can search for a valid RO (or a valid RO group) in the selected set (e.g., the SD set or the ND set). The above-described behavior may mean that "the RO type is not indicated to the terminal," "the RO type indicator field is not applicable to the terminal," or "the terminal ignores the value of the RO type indicator field." The above-described behavior may mean that "the terminal does not derive the duplex type of the RO based on the DCI format."

[0305] Since the value of the RA preamble index field (e.g., PRACH preamble index field) included in the DCI format, which is the PDCCH order that instructs the execution of the CBRA procedure, is 0, the terminal may not yet determine the RA preamble. The terminal may receive an indication of the duplex type of the RO before determining the RA preamble.

[0306] If the RA preamble index field is set to 0, the RO type indicator field may not be used. In other words, the RO type indicator field may be reserved. The above-described behavior may mean that "the terminal does not derive the duplex type of the RO based on the DCI format."

[0307] In another embodiment, even when the RA preamble index field is set to 0, the RO type indicator field may be valid. The terminal may check the duplex type of the RO indicated by the DCI format and derive the RSRP for the selected SSB (or CSI-RS) to determine the RA preamble. The terminal may not perform a procedure of comparing the measured RSRP of the SSB (or CSI-RS) with a threshold to determine the duplex type of the RO.

[0308] The terminal can compare the RSRP of the SSBs and select one of the SSBs. The selected SSB may be the SSB with the highest RSRP. Alternatively, the selected SSB may be any SSB with an RSRP greater than or equal to a threshold. The threshold (e.g., rsrp-ThresholdSSB) may be indicated (e.g., set) independently of the threshold for determining the duplex type of the RO.

[0309] If the duplex type of the RO is determined, the terminal may not perform a procedure of comparing the RSRP of the selected SSB with a threshold. In other words, if the RO type (e.g., legacy RO or additional RO) in which the RA preamble is transmitted is indicated by the base station, the terminal may transmit the RA preamble in the RO type indicated by the base station. In this case, the terminal may not perform an operation of comparing the measured RSRP of a signal (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS) with an RSRP threshold to select the RO type in which the RA preamble is transmitted. If the RO type in which the RA preamble is transmitted is not indicated by the base station, the terminal may select one of the legacy RO and the additional RO based on the comparison result between the measured RSRP of the signal and the RSRP threshold, and transmit the RA preamble to the base station in the selected one of the ROs.

[0310] In the above-described embodiment, the UL BWP may be an activated BWP. Alternatively, in the above-described embodiment, the UL BWP may be a UL BWP on which a CFRA procedure is performed (e.g., an initial activated BWP, a first activated BWP).

[0311] The terminal may not follow the value of the PRACH mask index field and may select an arbitrary RO (or an arbitrary group of ROs) from among the valid ROs. The terminal may determine the validity of the RO by considering the processing time of the DCI format. The terminal may not follow the value of the RA preamble index field (e.g., the PRACH preamble index field) included in the DCI format and may select an arbitrary RA preamble. The RA preamble may be an RA preamble that can be used in a function combination that suits the reason of the terminal.

[0312] The order of the procedure for selecting a valid RO and the procedure for selecting an RA preamble can be configured in various ways. After selecting an RA preamble, the terminal can perform a procedure for determining the validity / invalidity of the PRACH mask index field.

[0313] For another example, even if the RA preamble index field is set to 0, the RO type indicator field may be valid. The terminal can check the duplex type of the RO indicated by the DCI format. The terminal can derive RSRP for SSB(s) and select SSB based on the RSRP. The terminal can derive a set of ROs that match a cause. The terminal can select a valid RO (or a group of valid ROs). The terminal can transmit the RA preamble in the selected valid RO (or group of valid ROs).

[0314] The operations of the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented as a computer-readable program or code on a computer-readable recording medium. A computer-readable recording medium includes any type of recording device that stores information readable by a computer system. Furthermore, a computer-readable recording medium can be distributed across network-connected computer systems, allowing the computer-readable program or code to be stored and executed in a distributed manner.

[0315] Additionally, the computer-readable recording medium may include hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, etc. The program instructions may include not only machine language codes produced by a compiler, but also high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc.

[0316] While some aspects of the present disclosure have been described in the context of a device, they may also represent a description of a corresponding method, wherein a block or device corresponds to a method step or a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in the context of a method may also be described as a corresponding block or item or a feature of a corresponding device. Some or all of the method steps may be performed by (or using) a hardware device, such as, for example, a microprocessor, a programmable computer, or an electronic circuit. In some embodiments, at least one or more of the most significant method steps may be performed by such a device.

[0317] In embodiments, a programmable logic device (e.g., a field-programmable gate array) may be used to perform some or all of the functions of the methods described herein. In embodiments, the field-programmable gate array may operate in conjunction with a microprocessor to perform one of the methods described herein. In general, the methods are preferably performed by some hardware device.

[0318] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the claims below.

Claims

1. As a terminal method, A step of measuring a signal received from a base station; A step of selecting one RO among a legacy RO (RACH (random access channel) occasion) and an additional RO based on the measured RSRP (reference signal received power) of the signal being greater than or equal to an RSRP threshold; and A step of transmitting a RA (random access) preamble from the above one RO to the base station, Terminal method.

2. In claim 1, The above legacy RO is valid in N-SBFD (non-subband full duplex) resources, the above additional RO is valid in SBFD resources or resource areas where the SBFD resources and the N-SBFD resources are continuous, and the terminal supports SBFD operation. Terminal method.

3. In claim 1, Further comprising a step of retransmitting the RA preamble from the one RO based on the failure of transmission of the RA preamble, The transmission power for retransmission of the above RA preamble is determined based on a power ramping counter and a power ramping step. Terminal method.

4. In claim 3, The power ramping counter is incremented for each retransmission of the RA preamble, regardless of the RO type through which the RA preamble is transmitted, and the RO type is classified into the legacy RO and the additional RO. Terminal method.

5. In claim 3, The power ramping step is set commonly for the legacy RO and the additional RO or is set independently for each of the legacy RO and the additional RO. Terminal method.

6. In claim 1, The transmission power of a channel containing a hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) for msg3 (message3) or msg4 is determined based on the transmission power for the most recent transmission of the RA preamble. Terminal method.

7. In claim 1, A step of receiving information on the maximum number of transmissions of the RA preamble from the base station; A step of changing the RO type from one RO to another RO based on the number of transmission failures of the RA preamble exceeding the maximum number of transmissions; and Further comprising the step of attempting to transmit the RA preamble in the other RO, If the one RO is the legacy RO, the other RO is the additional RO, and if the one RO is the additional RO, the other RO is the legacy RO. Terminal method.

8. In claim 7, Based on the change in the RO type in which the RA preamble is transmitted, the power ramping counter for determining the transmission power of the RA preamble is increased. Terminal method.

9. In claim 1, A step of selecting an RO other than the one RO among the legacy RO and the additional RO based on the measured RSRP being less than the RSRP threshold; and Further comprising the step of transmitting the RA preamble from the other RO to the base station, If the one RO is the legacy RO, the other RO is the additional RO, and if the one RO is the additional RO, the other RO is the legacy RO. Terminal method.

10. In claim 1, Further comprising a step of receiving information on the RSRP threshold from the base station, The above RSRP threshold is set for selection of the above one RO, Terminal method.

11. In claim 1, Based on the fact that the RO type to which the RA preamble is transmitted is not indicated by the base station, the terminal selects one RO among the legacy RO and the additional RO based on the comparison result between the measured RSRP and the RSRP threshold. Terminal method.

12. As a terminal, Contains at least one processor, At least one processor of the terminal, Measure the signal received from the base station; Based on the measured RSRP (reference signal received power) of the above signal being less than the RSRP threshold, one RO is selected from among the legacy RO (RACH (random access channel) occasional) and the additional RO; and Causing the above one RO to transmit a random access (RA) preamble to the base station, Terminal.

13. In claim 12, The above legacy RO is valid in N-SBFD (non-subband full duplex) resources, the above additional RO is valid in SBFD resources or resource areas where the SBFD resources and the N-SBFD resources are continuous, and the terminal supports SBFD operation. Terminal.

14. In claim 12, At least one processor of the terminal, Based on the failure of transmission of the above RA preamble, further causing the one RO to retransmit the RA preamble, The transmission power for retransmission of the above RA preamble is determined based on a power ramping counter and a power ramping step. Terminal.

15. In claim 14, The power ramping counter is incremented for each retransmission of the RA preamble, regardless of the RO type through which the RA preamble is transmitted, and the RO type is classified into the legacy RO and the additional RO. Terminal.

16. In claim 14, The power ramping step is set commonly for the legacy RO and the additional RO or is set independently for each of the legacy RO and the additional RO. Terminal.

17. In claim 12, The transmission power of a channel containing a hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) for msg3 (message3) or msg4 is determined based on the transmission power for the most recent transmission of the RA preamble. Terminal.

18. In claim 12, At least one processor of the terminal, Receive information on the maximum number of transmissions of the RA preamble from the base station; Changing the RO type from one RO to another RO based on the number of transmission failures of the RA preamble exceeding the maximum number of transmissions; and further causes the other RO to attempt to transmit the RA preamble, If the one RO is the legacy RO, the other RO is the additional RO, and if the one RO is the additional RO, the other RO is the legacy RO. Terminal.

19. In claim 18, Based on the change in the RO type in which the RA preamble is transmitted, the power ramping counter for determining the transmission power of the RA preamble is increased. Terminal.

20. In claim 12, Based on the fact that the RO type to which the RA preamble is transmitted is not indicated by the base station, the terminal selects one RO among the legacy RO and the additional RO based on the comparison result between the measured RSRP and the RSRP threshold. Terminal.

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