Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

A method for a channel knowledge map and a communication apparatus. In the method, a first terminal device may report a first position, first sensing information, and first channel state information, so that a first network element may construct a channel knowledge map. Sensing information exists in a channel knowledge map, and can be used as position assistance information to assist in identifying a terminal device having a similar real position, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel knowledge map and reducing the impact of a positioning error on the channel knowledge map.

Description

A communication method and communication device

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411030461.3, filed on July 29, 2024, entitled "A Method and Device for Communication", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a method and communication apparatus for constructing and using a channel knowledge map. Background Technology

[0003] A channel knowledge map establishes a mapping between specific locations in the physical world and channel state information (CSI). When a channel knowledge map is available, a terminal can retrieve its channel state information with the base station from the map based on its location. This reduces the overhead of measuring channel state information, facilitates base station pre-scheduling, and improves communication efficiency.

[0004] However, due to the influence of positioning errors, there may be errors in the mapping relationship between the terminal's location and channel state information, affecting the accuracy of the channel knowledge map. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method and communication device that can improve the accuracy of channel knowledge maps and reduce the impact of positioning errors on channel knowledge maps.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a first terminal device, for example, to the first terminal device or a component of the first terminal device (such as a chip, circuit or chip system, etc.), without limitation.

[0007] The method includes: reporting a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information, wherein the first location is the estimated location of the first terminal device, the first sensing information is the environmental information sensed by the first terminal device, and the first channel state information is the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device.

[0008] Based on the above scheme, the first terminal device can report the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information, enabling the first network element to construct a channel knowledge map. Since the channel knowledge map contains sensing information, the sensing information can help the receiving end identify terminal devices whose real locations are close to the first terminal device. Thus, the receiving end can construct a more accurate channel knowledge map, improve the accuracy of the channel knowledge map, and reduce the impact of positioning errors on the channel knowledge map.

[0009] It should be understood that if two terminal devices are located close to or the same, their channel state information will also be similar or the same. In the process of constructing the channel knowledge map, this application reported the sensing information. Subsequently, the sensing information can be used to help identify terminal devices with similar real locations, thereby constructing a more accurate channel knowledge map.

[0010] In this application, the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information are used to construct a channel knowledge map.

[0011] For example, the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information are carried in the first channel knowledge map information. The first channel knowledge map information indicates that when the first terminal device determines that the estimated location of the first terminal device is the first location or near the first location, and the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device is the first sensing information, the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device is the first channel state information.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the first position is the estimated position of the first terminal device at the first moment, the first perceived information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device at the second moment, and the time difference between the first moment and the second moment is less than or equal to the first time threshold; and / or, the first channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at the third moment, and the time difference between the third moment and the second moment is less than or equal to the second time threshold; and / or, the time difference between the third moment and the first moment is less than or equal to the third time threshold.

[0013] Based on the above scheme, the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information satisfy the above time relationship, which ensures that the first location and the first sensing information have a high correlation with the first channel state information, thereby improving the accuracy of constructing the channel knowledge map.

[0014] For example, the first time point, the second time point, and the third time point are located within the first time period.

[0015] Optionally, the first time threshold, the second time threshold, and the third time threshold are the same.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the first sensing information is the environmental information sensed by the first terminal device at the second location, and the distance difference between the second location and the location where the first terminal device determined the first location is less than or equal to a first distance threshold; and / or, the first channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at the third location, and the distance difference between the third location and the second location is less than or equal to a second distance threshold; and / or, the distance difference between the third location and the location where the first terminal device determined the first location is less than or equal to a third distance threshold.

[0017] For example, when the first terminal device determines the first location, its location, second location, and third location are all within the first area.

[0018] Based on the above scheme, the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information satisfy the above positional relationship, ensuring that the first location and the first sensing information have a high correlation with the first channel state information, thereby improving the accuracy of constructing the channel knowledge map.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the first sensing information includes at least one of first point cloud information or first multipath information. The first point cloud information includes information on M1 points determined by the first terminal device through signals sent by the first terminal device. The first multipath information includes information on N1 paths between the first terminal device and the second access network device determined by signals sent by the first terminal device through the second access network device. M1 and N1 are both positive integers.

[0020] Based on the above scheme, the first sensing information includes at least one of the first point cloud information or the first multipath information, so that the sensing information can be used as location auxiliary information to help identify terminal devices with similar real locations and improve the accuracy of the channel knowledge map.

[0021] For example, M1 points are static points, and / or N1 paths are paths that pass through static scatterers but not dynamic scatterers.

[0022] Since static scatterers are not mobile, the first sensing information includes the path that passes through the static scatterer but not the dynamic scatterer, making the first sensing information more stable as location assistance information and helping the first network element to better identify terminal devices with similar real locations.

[0023] In some implementations, the first point cloud information includes the angle of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device.

[0024] For example, the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, wherein the angle of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device is the angle between the line connecting each of the M1 points to the first terminal device and the straight line containing the first antenna array.

[0025] In some implementations, the first multipath information includes the angle of each of the N1 paths relative to the first terminal device.

[0026] For example, the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, wherein the angle of each of the N1 paths relative to the first terminal device is the angle between the direction of each of the N1 paths reaching the first terminal device and the straight line where the first antenna array is located.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, wherein the first channel state information includes the direction information of L1 beams, and the direction information of L1 beams is: the angle between each of the L1 beams and the straight line where the first antenna array is located, where L1 is a positive integer.

[0028] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the method also includes: reporting the attitude information of the first antenna array.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the uncertainty of the first position is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0030] Optionally, the method further includes: reporting the uncertainty of the first position and the confidence level corresponding to the uncertainty.

[0031] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the first position is the estimated position of the first terminal device at the first moment. The first position, first sensing information, and first channel state information are carried in the first channel knowledge map information. The method further includes: reporting second channel knowledge map information, which includes a seventh position, fourth sensing information, and fourth channel state information. The seventh position is the estimated position of the first terminal device at the sixth moment, the fourth sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device at the seventh moment, and the fourth channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at the eighth moment. There is a correspondence between the seventh position, the fourth sensing information, and the fourth channel state information. The first channel knowledge map information also includes a first relative position, which is the relative position between the first terminal device's position at the first moment and its position at the sixth moment; or, the first relative position is the relative position between the first terminal device's position at the second moment and its position at the seventh moment; or, the first relative position is the relative position between the first terminal device's position at the third moment and its position at the eighth moment.

[0032] Secondly, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to the first network element side, for example, to the first network element or a component of the first network element (such as a chip, circuit or chip system, etc.), and this application does not limit it.

[0033] The method includes: receiving a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information from a first terminal device, wherein the first location is an estimated location of the first terminal device, the first sensing information is environmental information perceived by the first terminal device, and the first channel state information is channel state information between the first terminal device and a first access network device, and the first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information are used to construct a channel knowledge map.

[0034] Based on the above scheme, the first terminal device can report the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information, enabling the first network element to construct a channel knowledge map. Since the channel knowledge map contains sensing information, the sensing information can help the first network element identify terminal devices whose real locations are close to the first terminal device. As a result, the receiving end can construct a more accurate channel knowledge map, improve the accuracy of the channel knowledge map, and reduce the impact of positioning errors on the channel knowledge map.

[0035] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: constructing a channel knowledge map based on the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information.

[0036] Optionally, the method further includes maintaining a channel knowledge map.

[0037] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations, the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, and the method further includes: receiving the attitude information of the first antenna array.

[0038] It should be understood that any details not described in detail, such as the specific relationship between the first position, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information, as well as the specific content of the first sensing information, can be referred to the first aspect.

[0039] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: receiving fourth location and second sensing information from the second terminal device, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information perceived by the second terminal device; determining second channel state information between the second terminal device and the first access network device based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and the channel knowledge map; and sending the second channel state information to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device.

[0040] Based on the above scheme, the first network element can determine the second channel state information in the channel knowledge map according to the fourth location and second sensing information of the second terminal device, and send the second channel state information to the first access network device and / or the second terminal device. Since there is sensing information in the channel knowledge map and the information reported by the second terminal device, the first network element can use the sensing information as location auxiliary information to help identify terminal devices with similar real locations, improve the accuracy of determining the channel state information according to the channel knowledge map, and reduce the impact of positioning errors on the channel knowledge map.

[0041] For example, the second channel state information is used for communication between the second terminal device and the first access network device.

[0042] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: determining the second channel state information based on the first channel state information when the distance difference between the fourth position and the first position is less than or equal to the fourth distance threshold and the similarity between the second sensing information and the first sensing information is greater than or equal to the first similarity threshold.

[0043] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: receiving the uncertainty of a fourth position from a second terminal device; and determining a fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of the fourth position.

[0044] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: receiving an uncertainty of a first location from a first terminal device; and determining a fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of the first location.

[0045] For example, determining a fourth distance threshold includes: determining a fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of a first position and the uncertainty of a fourth position.

[0046] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: sending third channel knowledge map information to the second terminal device, wherein the third channel knowledge map information is used to indicate the channel knowledge map information around the current location of the second terminal device.

[0047] Based on the above scheme, the first network element can also send the channel knowledge map (i.e., the third channel knowledge map information) around the fourth location and the second sensing information requested by the second terminal device to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device. In this way, the second terminal device does not need to continuously request channel status information during subsequent movement, thereby reducing communication overhead and communication latency.

[0048] For example, the third channel knowledge map information includes the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information.

[0049] It should be understood that any details not described in detail, such as the specific relationship between the fourth position, the second sensing information, and the second channel state information, the specific content of the second sensing information, and the relationship between the fifth position, the third sensing information, and the third channel state information, can be referred to the third aspect.

[0050] Thirdly, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to the second terminal device side, for example, to the second terminal device or a component of the second terminal device (such as a chip, circuit or chip system, etc.), and this application does not limit it.

[0051] The method includes: sending a fourth location and second sensing information, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information perceived by the second terminal device; and receiving second channel state information between the second terminal device and the first access network device.

[0052] Based on the above scheme, the first network element can determine the second channel state information in the channel knowledge map according to the fourth location and second sensing information of the second terminal device, and send the second channel state information to the first access network device and / or the second terminal device. Since there is sensing information in the channel knowledge map and the information reported by the second terminal device, the sensing information can help the first network element identify terminal devices whose real locations are close to the second terminal device. Thus, the first network element can find channel state information that is more suitable for the real location of the second terminal device from the channel knowledge map, improve the accuracy of determining the channel state information according to the channel knowledge map, and reduce the impact of positioning errors on the channel knowledge map.

[0053] For example, the second channel state information is determined based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and the channel knowledge map.

[0054] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations, the fourth position is the estimated position of the second terminal device at the fourth moment, the second sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device at the fifth moment, and the time difference between the fourth moment and the fifth moment is less than or equal to the first time threshold; and / or, the second sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device at the sixth position, and the distance difference between the sixth position and the position where the second terminal device determined the fourth position is less than or equal to the first distance threshold.

[0055] Based on the above scheme, the fourth location and the second sensing information satisfy the above-mentioned time relationship or positional relationship, thereby improving the accuracy of channel state information obtained based on the channel knowledge map.

[0056] For example, the second sensing information includes at least one of the second point cloud information or the second multipath information. The second point cloud information includes information on M2 points determined by the signal sent by the second terminal device through the second terminal device. The second multipath information includes information on N2 paths between the second terminal device and the third access network device determined by the signal sent by the second terminal device through the third access network device. M2 and N2 are both positive integers.

[0057] Based on the above scheme, the second sensing information includes at least one of the second point cloud information or the second multipath information, so that the sensing information can be used as location auxiliary information to help identify terminal devices with similar real locations and improve the accuracy of channel state information obtained based on the channel knowledge map.

[0058] Optionally, M2 points are static points, and / or N2 paths are paths that pass through static scatterers but not dynamic scatterers.

[0059] Since static scatterers are not mobile, the second sensing information includes the path that passes through the static scatterer but not the dynamic scatterer, making the second sensing information more stable as location assistance information and helping the first network element to better identify terminal devices with similar real locations.

[0060] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations, the second cloud information includes the angle of each of the M2 points relative to the second terminal device.

[0061] For example, the second antenna array of the second terminal device is a linear array, wherein the angle of each of the M2 points relative to the second terminal device is: the angle between the line connecting each of the M2 points to the second terminal device and the straight line containing the second antenna array.

[0062] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations, the second multipath information includes the angle of each of the N2 paths relative to the second terminal device.

[0063] For example, the second antenna array of the second terminal device is a linear array, wherein the angle of each of the N2 paths relative to the second terminal device is: the angle between the direction of each of the N2 paths reaching the second terminal device and the straight line where the second antenna array is located.

[0064] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations, this method also includes: reporting the attitude information of the second-day linear array.

[0065] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations, the uncertainty of the fourth position is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0066] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations, the method also includes: reporting the uncertainty of the fourth position, and the confidence level corresponding to the uncertainty.

[0067] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: receiving third channel knowledge map information, which is used to indicate the channel knowledge map information surrounding the current location of the second terminal device.

[0068] Based on the above scheme, the first network element can also send the channel knowledge map (i.e., the third channel knowledge map information) around the fourth location and the second sensing information requested by the second terminal device to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device. Since there is sensing information in the channel knowledge map, the sensing information can help the receiving end identify terminal devices whose real location is close to the second terminal device. In this way, during the subsequent movement of the second terminal device, the second terminal device can find channel state information that is more suitable for the current actual location based on the real-time location, so that it does not need to continuously request channel state information, which is beneficial to reduce communication overhead and communication latency.

[0069] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementation methods, the third channel knowledge map information includes the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information. There is a correspondence between the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information. Specifically, the distance difference between the fifth location and the fourth location is less than the fifth distance threshold, and / or the similarity between the third perception information and the second perception information is greater than or equal to the second similarity threshold.

[0070] In other words, the third channel status information received by the second terminal device satisfies the first condition, which is that the distance difference between the location corresponding to the third channel status information and the fourth location is less than the fifth distance threshold, and / or the similarity between the perception information corresponding to the third channel status information and the second perception information is greater than or equal to the second similarity threshold.

[0071] For example, the third channel knowledge map information indicates that: when the estimated location of the second terminal device is determined to be near the fifth location, and / or when the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device is similar to the third perception information, the channel state information between the second terminal device and the first access network device is the third channel state information.

[0072] Fourthly, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to the first network element side, for example, to the first network element or a component of the first network element (such as a chip, circuit or chip system, etc.), and this application does not limit it.

[0073] The method includes: receiving fourth location and second sensing information from a second terminal device, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information perceived by the second terminal device; and sending second channel state information to the second terminal device, wherein the second channel state information is determined based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and a channel knowledge map.

[0074] Based on the above scheme, the first network element can determine the second channel state information in the channel knowledge map according to the fourth location and second sensing information of the second terminal device, and send the second channel state information to the first access network device and / or the second terminal device. Since there is sensing information in the channel knowledge map and the information reported by the second terminal device, the sensing information can help the first network element identify terminal devices whose real locations are close to the second terminal device. Thus, the first network element can find channel state information that is more suitable for the real location of the second terminal device from the channel knowledge map, improve the accuracy of determining the channel state information according to the channel knowledge map, and reduce the impact of positioning errors on the channel knowledge map.

[0075] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: determining the second channel state information based on the first channel state information in the channel knowledge map when the distance difference between the fourth location and the first location in the channel knowledge map is less than or equal to the fourth distance threshold and the similarity between the second sensing information and the first sensing information in the channel knowledge map is greater than or equal to the first similarity threshold.

[0076] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: receiving the uncertainty of the fourth position from the second terminal device; and determining a fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of the fourth position.

[0077] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations, the second linear array of the second terminal device is a linear array, and the method further includes: receiving attitude information of the second linear array from the second terminal device.

[0078] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: sending third channel knowledge map information to the second terminal device, wherein the third channel knowledge map information is used to indicate the channel knowledge map information around the current location of the second terminal device.

[0079] For example, the third channel knowledge map information includes the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information, and there is a correspondence between the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information.

[0080] Optionally, the method further includes: determining the third channel state information in the channel knowledge map when the distance difference between the fourth location and the fifth location in the channel knowledge map is less than or equal to a fifth distance threshold, and / or the similarity between the second sensing information and the third sensing information in the channel knowledge map is greater than or equal to a second similarity threshold.

[0081] It should be understood that any details not described in detail, such as the specific relationship between the fourth position, the second sensing information, and the second channel state information, the specific content of the second sensing information, and the relationship between the fifth position, the third sensing information, and the third channel state information, can be referred to the third aspect.

[0082] Fifthly, a communication method is provided, the method comprising: a first terminal device reporting a first location, first sensing information and first channel state information, wherein the first location is an estimated location of the first terminal device, the first sensing information is environmental information perceived by the first terminal device, and the first channel state information is channel state information between the first terminal device and a first access network device; and a first network element constructing a channel knowledge map based on the first location, the first sensing information and the first channel state information.

[0083] In a sixth aspect, a communication method is provided, the method comprising: a second terminal device sending a fourth location and second sensing information, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information sensed by the second terminal device; and a first network element sending second channel state information to the second terminal device, wherein the second channel state information is determined based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and a channel knowledge map.

[0084] A seventh aspect provides a communication method, the method comprising: a first terminal device reporting a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information, wherein the first location is an estimated location of the first terminal device, the first sensing information is environmental information sensed by the first terminal device, and the first channel state information is channel state information between the first terminal device and a first access network device; a second terminal device sending a fourth location and second sensing information, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information sensed by the second terminal device; and a first network element sending second channel state information to the second terminal device, wherein the second channel state information is determined based on the first channel state information.

[0085] In conjunction with the seventh aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: the first network element constructing a channel knowledge map based on the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information.

[0086] For example, the second channel state information is determined based on the first channel state information, including: the second channel state information is determined based on the fourth location and the second sensing information and the first channel state information in the channel knowledge map.

[0087] In conjunction with the seventh aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes: when the distance difference between the fourth location and the first location in the channel knowledge map is less than or equal to the fourth distance threshold, and the similarity between the second sensing information and the first sensing information in the channel knowledge map is greater than or equal to the first similarity threshold, the first network element determines the second channel state information based on the first channel state information in the channel knowledge map.

[0088] Eighthly, a communication device is provided that can be applied to a first terminal device. For example, the device is a first terminal device or a component of the first terminal device (such as a chip, circuit, or chip system). This application does not limit the scope of the application.

[0089] The device includes a transceiver unit for reporting a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information. The first location is an estimated location of the first terminal device, the first sensing information is environmental information sensed by the first terminal device, and the first channel state information is channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device.

[0090] In this application, the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information are used to construct a channel knowledge map.

[0091] For example, the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information are carried in the first channel knowledge map information. The first channel knowledge map information indicates that when the first terminal device determines that the estimated location of the first terminal device is the first location or near the first location, and the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device is the first sensing information, the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device is the first channel state information.

[0092] In conjunction with the eighth aspect, in some implementations, the first position is the estimated position of the first terminal device at the first moment, the first perceived information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device at the second moment, and the time difference between the first moment and the second moment is less than or equal to the first time threshold; and / or, the first channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at the third moment, and the time difference between the third moment and the second moment is less than or equal to the second time threshold; and / or, the time difference between the third moment and the first moment is less than or equal to the third time threshold.

[0093] For example, the first time point, the second time point, and the third time point are located within the first time period.

[0094] For example, the first time threshold, the second time threshold, and the third time threshold are the same.

[0095] In conjunction with aspect eight, in some implementations, the first sensing information is the environmental information sensed by the first terminal device at the second location, and the distance difference between the second location and the location where the first terminal device determined the first location is less than or equal to a first distance threshold; and / or, the first channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at the third location, and the distance difference between the third location and the second location is less than or equal to a second distance threshold; and / or, the distance difference between the third location and the location where the first terminal device determined the first location is less than or equal to a third distance threshold.

[0096] For example, when the first terminal device determines the first location, its location, second location, and third location are all within the first area.

[0097] In conjunction with the eighth aspect, in some implementations, the first sensing information includes at least one of the first point cloud information or the first multipath information. The first point cloud information includes information on M1 points determined by the first terminal device through signals sent by the first terminal device. The first multipath information includes information on N1 paths between the first terminal device and the second access network device, determined by signals sent by the first terminal device through the second access network device. M1 and N1 are both positive integers.

[0098] For example, M1 points are static points, and / or N1 paths are paths that pass through static scatterers but not dynamic scatterers.

[0099] In some implementations, the first point cloud information includes the angle of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device.

[0100] For example, the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, wherein the angle of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device is the angle between the line connecting each of the M1 points to the first terminal device and the straight line containing the first antenna array.

[0101] In some implementations, the first multipath information includes the angle of each of the N1 paths relative to the first terminal device.

[0102] For example, the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, wherein the angle of each of the N1 paths relative to the first terminal device is the angle between the direction of each of the N1 paths reaching the first terminal device and the straight line where the first antenna array is located.

[0103] In conjunction with the eighth aspect, in some implementations, the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, wherein the first channel state information includes the direction information of L1 beams, and the direction information of L1 beams is: the angle between each of the L1 beams and the straight line where the first antenna array is located, where L1 is a positive integer.

[0104] In conjunction with the eighth aspect, in some implementations, the transceiver unit is also used to: report the attitude information of the first antenna array.

[0105] In conjunction with the eighth aspect, in some implementations, the uncertainty of the first position is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0106] Optionally, the transceiver unit is also used to: report the uncertainty of the first position and the confidence level corresponding to the uncertainty.

[0107] In conjunction with aspect eight, in some implementations, the first position is the estimated position of the first terminal device at the first moment. The first position, first sensing information, and first channel state information are carried in the first channel knowledge map information. The transceiver unit is also used to: report second channel knowledge map information, which includes a seventh position, fourth sensing information, and fourth channel state information. The seventh position is the estimated position of the first terminal device at the sixth moment, the fourth sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device at the seventh moment, and the fourth channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at the eighth moment. There is a correspondence between the seventh position, the fourth sensing information, and the fourth channel state information. The first channel knowledge map information also includes a first relative position, which is the relative position between the first terminal device's position at the first moment and its position at the sixth moment; or, the first relative position is the relative position between the first terminal device's position at the second moment and its position at the seventh moment; or, the first relative position is the relative position between the first terminal device's position at the third moment and its position at the eighth moment.

[0108] In a ninth aspect, a communication device is provided that can be applied to a first network element side. For example, the device is the first network element or a component of the first network element (e.g., a chip, circuit, or chip system, etc.), which is not limited in this application.

[0109] The device includes a transceiver unit for receiving a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information from a first terminal device. The first location is an estimated location of the first terminal device, the first sensing information is environmental information perceived by the first terminal device, and the first channel state information is channel state information between the first terminal device and a first access network device. The first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information are used to construct a channel knowledge map.

[0110] In conjunction with the ninth aspect, in some implementations, the device further includes: a processing unit for constructing a channel knowledge map based on the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information.

[0111] Optionally, the processing unit is also used to: maintain a channel knowledge map.

[0112] In conjunction with aspect nine, in some implementations, the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive fourth location and second sensing information from the second terminal device, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information perceived by the second terminal device; the processing unit is further configured to: determine second channel state information between the second terminal device and the first access network device based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and the channel knowledge map; and the transceiver unit is further configured to: send the second channel state information to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device.

[0113] For example, the second channel state information is used for communication between the second terminal device and the first access network device.

[0114] In conjunction with the ninth aspect, in some implementations, the processing unit is further configured to: determine the second channel state information based on the first channel state information when the distance difference between the fourth position and the first position is less than or equal to the fourth distance threshold and the similarity between the second sensing information and the first sensing information is greater than or equal to the first similarity threshold.

[0115] In conjunction with the ninth aspect, in some implementations, the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive the uncertainty of the fourth position from the second terminal device; the processing unit is further configured to: determine the fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of the fourth position.

[0116] In conjunction with the ninth aspect, in some implementations, the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive the uncertainty of the first position from the first terminal device; the processing unit is further configured to: determine a fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of the first position.

[0117] For example, the processing unit is specifically configured to: determine a fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of the first position and the uncertainty of the fourth position.

[0118] In conjunction with aspect nine, in some implementations, the transceiver unit is also used to: send third channel knowledge map information to the second terminal device, the third channel knowledge map information being used to indicate the channel knowledge map information surrounding the current location of the second terminal device.

[0119] For example, the third channel knowledge map information includes the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information, and there is a correspondence between the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information.

[0120] Optionally, the processing unit is further configured to: determine the third channel state information in the channel knowledge map when the distance difference between the fourth location and the fifth location in the channel knowledge map is less than or equal to a fifth distance threshold, and / or when the similarity between the second sensing information and the third sensing information in the channel knowledge map is greater than or equal to a second similarity threshold.

[0121] In a tenth aspect, a communication device is provided that can be applied to a second terminal device. For example, the device is a second terminal device or a component of the second terminal device (such as a chip, circuit, or chip system). This application does not limit the scope of the application.

[0122] The device includes: a transceiver unit for transmitting fourth location and second sensing information, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information perceived by the second terminal device; the transceiver unit is also used for receiving second channel state information between the second terminal device and the first access network device.

[0123] For example, the second channel state information is determined based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and the channel knowledge map.

[0124] In conjunction with the tenth aspect, in some implementations, the fourth position is the estimated position of the second terminal device at the fourth moment, the second sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device at the fifth moment, and the time difference between the fourth moment and the fifth moment is less than or equal to the first time threshold; and / or, the second sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device at the sixth position, and the distance difference between the sixth position and the position where the second terminal device determined the fourth position is less than or equal to the first distance threshold.

[0125] For example, the second sensing information includes at least one of the second point cloud information or the second multipath information. The second point cloud information includes information on M2 points determined by the signal sent by the second terminal device through the second terminal device. The second multipath information includes information on N2 paths between the second terminal device and the third access network device determined by the signal sent by the second terminal device through the third access network device. M2 and N2 are both positive integers.

[0126] Optionally, M2 points are static points, and / or N2 paths are paths that pass through static scatterers but not dynamic scatterers.

[0127] In conjunction with the tenth aspect, in some implementations, the second point cloud information includes the angle of each of the M2 points relative to the second terminal device.

[0128] For example, the second antenna array of the second terminal device is a linear array, wherein the angle of each of the M2 points relative to the second terminal device is: the angle between the line connecting each of the M2 points to the second terminal device and the straight line containing the second antenna array.

[0129] In conjunction with aspect ten, in some implementations, the second multipath information includes the angle of each of the N2 paths relative to the second terminal device.

[0130] For example, the second antenna array of the second terminal device is a linear array, wherein the angle of each of the N2 paths relative to the second terminal device is: the angle between the direction of each of the N2 paths reaching the second terminal device and the straight line where the second antenna array is located.

[0131] In conjunction with aspect ten, in some implementations, the transceiver unit is also used to report the attitude information of the second-day linear array.

[0132] In conjunction with the tenth aspect, in some implementations, the uncertainty of the fourth position is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0133] In conjunction with aspect ten, in some implementations, the transceiver unit is also used to: report the uncertainty of the fourth position, and the confidence level corresponding to the uncertainty.

[0134] In conjunction with aspect ten, in some implementations, the transceiver unit is also used to: receive third channel knowledge map information, which is used to indicate the channel knowledge map information around the current location of the second terminal device.

[0135] In conjunction with aspect ten, in some implementations, the third channel knowledge map information includes the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information. There is a correspondence between the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information. Specifically, the distance difference between the fifth location and the fourth location is less than the fifth distance threshold, and / or the similarity between the third perception information and the second perception information is greater than or equal to the second similarity threshold.

[0136] In other words, the third channel status information received by the second terminal device satisfies the first condition, which is that the distance difference between the location corresponding to the third channel status information and the fourth location is less than the fifth distance threshold, and / or the similarity between the perception information corresponding to the third channel status information and the second perception information is greater than or equal to the second similarity threshold.

[0137] For example, the third channel knowledge map information indicates that: when the estimated location of the second terminal device is determined to be near the fifth location, and / or when the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device is similar to the third perception information, the channel state information between the second terminal device and the first access network device is the third channel state information.

[0138] In the eleventh aspect, a communication device is provided, which can be applied to the first network element side. For example, the device is the first network element or a component of the first network element (such as a chip, circuit, or chip system, etc.), and this application does not limit it.

[0139] The device includes: a transceiver unit, configured to receive a fourth location and a second sensing information from a second terminal device, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information perceived by the second terminal device; the transceiver unit is also configured to: send second channel state information to the second terminal device, wherein the second channel state information is determined based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and a channel knowledge map.

[0140] In conjunction with the eleventh aspect, in some implementations, the device further includes: a processing unit, configured to determine the second channel state information based on the first channel state information in the channel knowledge map when the distance difference between the fourth location and the first location in the channel knowledge map is less than or equal to a fourth distance threshold and the similarity between the second sensing information and the first sensing information in the channel knowledge map is greater than or equal to a first similarity threshold.

[0141] In conjunction with the eleventh aspect, in some implementations, the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive the uncertainty of the fourth position from the second terminal device; the processing unit is further configured to: determine the fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of the fourth position.

[0142] In conjunction with the eleventh aspect, in some implementations, the transceiver unit is also used to: send third channel knowledge map information to the second terminal device, wherein the third channel knowledge map information is used to indicate the channel knowledge map information around the current location of the second terminal device.

[0143] For example, the third channel knowledge map information includes the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information.

[0144] In a twelfth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising: a first terminal device for reporting a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information, wherein the first location is an estimated location of the first terminal device, the first sensing information is environmental information perceived by the first terminal device, and the first channel state information is channel state information between the first terminal device and a first access network device; and a first network element for constructing a channel knowledge map based on the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information.

[0145] In a thirteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising: a second terminal device for transmitting a fourth location and second sensing information, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information sensed by the second terminal device; and a first network element for transmitting second channel state information to the second terminal device, wherein the second channel state information is determined based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and a channel knowledge map.

[0146] In a fourteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising: a first terminal device for reporting a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information, wherein the first location is an estimated location of the first terminal device, the first sensing information is environmental information sensed by the first terminal device, and the first channel state information is channel state information between the first terminal device and a first access network device; a second terminal device for transmitting a fourth location and second sensing information, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information sensed by the second terminal device; and a first network element for transmitting second channel state information to the second terminal device, wherein the second channel state information is determined based on the first channel state information.

[0147] In conjunction with aspect fourteen, in some implementations, the first network element is also used to: construct a channel knowledge map based on the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information.

[0148] For example, the second channel state information is determined based on the first channel state information, including: the second channel state information is determined based on the fourth location and the second sensing information and the first channel state information in the channel knowledge map.

[0149] In conjunction with aspect fourteen, in some implementations, the first network element is also used to: determine the second channel state information based on the first channel state information in the channel knowledge map when the distance difference between the fourth location and the first location in the channel knowledge map is less than or equal to the fourth distance threshold, and the similarity between the second sensing information and the first sensing information in the channel knowledge map is greater than or equal to the first similarity threshold.

[0150] In this application, the same term (such as first position, first perceived information, etc.) has the same meaning in different aspects, and therefore they can complement each other in interpretation, which will not be repeated in this application.

[0151] In a fifteenth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of a computer program or instructions necessary for implementing the functions involved in any possible implementation of any of the first to seventh aspects described above. The one or more processors are executable to carry out the computer program or instructions, which, when executed, cause the communication device to implement the methods in any possible implementation of the first to seventh aspects described above. The interface circuit is used to implement communication functions within the communication device and / or communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0152] In one possible design, the processor is used to communicate with other devices or components through the interface circuit.

[0153] In one possible design, the communication device may also include the memory.

[0154] The aforementioned communication device may be a sensing function network element, or a module within a sensing function network element (e.g., a circuit, chip, or chip system), or a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network device. The aforementioned communication device may also be a network device, or a module within a network device (e.g., a circuit, chip, or chip system), or a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device.

[0155] In a sixteenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer-readable instructions that, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the possible designs of the first to seventh aspects described above.

[0156] In a seventeenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which, when read and executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method in any of the possible implementations of the first to seventh aspects described above.

[0157] Eighteenth aspect, a chip or chip system is provided, comprising: a processor for executing computer programs or instructions in memory to implement the methods in any of the possible implementations of the first to seventh aspects described above.

[0158] It should be understood that any beneficial effects not fully described in aspects five through eighteen above may be referred to aspects one through four and any possible implementation thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0159] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to an embodiment of this application.

[0160] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of several sensing modes provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0161] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of two propagation paths provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0162] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 400 provided in this application.

[0163] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a perception-assisted positioning scenario provided in this application.

[0164] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a linear array scene provided in this application.

[0165] Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 700 provided in this application.

[0166] Figures 8 and 9 are schematic block diagrams of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0167] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0168] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th Generation (5G), New Radio (NR), Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless-Fidelity (WiFi), wireless communication related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), or other wireless communication systems that may emerge in the future (e.g., 6th Generation (6G) communication systems), etc. This application does not limit them.

[0169] The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to machine-type communication (MTC), device-to-device (D2D) networks, machine-to-machine (M2M) networks, Internet of Things (IoT) networks, or other networks. IoT networks, for example, can include vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. The communication methods in V2X systems are collectively referred to as vehicle-to-other-device (V2X), where X can represent anything. For example, V2X can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, or vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, etc.

[0170] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, this network architecture is based on the 5G system (5GS).

[0171] The network architecture may include, but is not limited to, user equipment (UE), radio access network (RAN), and first network elements. Optionally, the network architecture may also include one or more user plane functions (UPF), data networks (DN), access and mobility management functions (AMF), session management functions (SMF), sensing functions (SF), and location management functions (LMF). DN can be the Internet. SF, LMF, AMF, SMF, and UPF are network elements in the core network. Since Figure 1 uses a 5G system as an example, this core network can be called the 5G core network (5GC or 5GCN).

[0172] The following is a brief introduction to each network element shown in Figure 1.

[0173] 1. User equipment (UE): can also be called terminal equipment, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device.

[0174] Terminal devices can be devices that provide voice / data to users, such as handheld devices with wireless connectivity, in-vehicle devices, etc. Currently, examples of terminals include: mobile phones, tablets, laptops, handheld computers, mobile internet devices (MIDs), virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, terminal devices in 5G networks, or terminal devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs), etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these.

[0175] By way of example and not limitation, in this embodiment, the terminal device can also be a wearable device. Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices that are worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are feature-rich, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, as well as those that focus on a specific type of application function and require the use of other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0176] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an IoT system. IoT is an important component of the future development of information technology. Its main technical feature is to connect objects to the network through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network of human-machine interconnection and object interconnection.

[0177] It should be noted that terminal devices and access network devices can communicate with each other using some air interface technology (such as New Radio (NR) or LTE). Terminal devices can also communicate with each other using some air interface technology (such as NR or LTE).

[0178] In this embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or it can be a device that supports the terminal device in implementing the functions, such as a chip system or a chip. This device can be installed in the terminal device. In this embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0179] 2. Radio access network (RAN): This provides authorized users in a specific area with access to a communication network. Specifically, it can include wireless network equipment in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) network or access points in non-3GPP networks.

[0180] The RAN manages radio resources, provides access services to user equipment, and forwards control signals and user equipment data between the user equipment and the core network. The RAN can also be exemplified by a base station in a traditional network.

[0181] For example, the access network device in this application embodiment can be any communication device with wireless transceiver function for communicating with user equipment. The access network equipment includes, but is not limited to: evolved Node B (eNB), baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP), or transmission and reception point (TRP) in a wireless fidelity (WIFI) system. It can also be a gNB in ​​a 5G system, such as NR, or a transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, or a network node constituting a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or a distributed unit (DU), centralized unit (CU), or radio unit (RU).

[0182] In some deployments, the gNB may include a CU and a DU. Optionally, the gNB may also include an RU. The CU implements some of the gNB's functions, and the DU implements some of the gNB's functions. For example, the CU is responsible for handling non-real-time protocols and services, implementing the functions of the radio resource control (RRC) and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layers. The DU is responsible for handling physical layer protocols and real-time services, implementing the functions of the radio link control (RLC), medium access control (MAC), and physical (PHY) layers. The RU implements some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing, and related functions of active antennas. Since the information in the RRC layer eventually becomes the information in the PHY layer, or is transformed from the information in the PHY layer, in this architecture, higher-layer signaling, such as RRC layer signaling, can also be understood as being sent by the DU, or by the DU+RU. It is understood that the access network equipment can be one or more of the following: CU nodes, DU nodes, and RU nodes. Furthermore, the CU can be classified as an access network device in the radio access network (RAN) or as an access network device in the core network (CN), and this application does not limit this. Optionally, the CU may include a central unit-control plane (CU-CP) and a central unit-user plane (CU-UP). The RU may be included in radio equipment or radio unit, such as in an RRU, AAU, or RRH.

[0183] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an open-radio access network (O-RAN) system, CU can also be called an open-central unit (O-CU) (open CU); DU can also be called an open-distributed unit (O-DU) (open DU); CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. For ease of description, the following detailed description uses a base station as an example of an access network device.

[0184] 3. Sensing function (SF) network element refers to the unit in the network responsible for sensing, which is used to support sensing service functions. For example, it can be configured to perform sensing processes and report sensing information, and can also provide sensing information to other nodes.

[0185] 4. User Plane Function (UPF) Network Element: Used for packet routing and forwarding, as well as Quality of Service (QoS) processing of user plane data. User data can access the data network (DN) through this network element. In the embodiments of this application, it can be used to implement the functions of the user plane network element.

[0186] 5. Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) Network Element: Primarily used for mobility management and access management, it can be used to implement other functions of the Mobility Management Entity (MME) besides session management, such as access authorization / authentication.

[0187] 6. Session Management Function (SMF) network element: mainly used for session management, allocation and management of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses for terminal devices, selection and management of user plane functions, endpoints of policy control and billing function interfaces, and downlink data notification, etc.

[0188] 7. Data Network (DN): A network used to provide data transmission. Examples include carrier networks, the Internet, and third-party service networks.

[0189] 8. Location Management Function (LMF): Used to support location service functions. In 5GC, LMF can be used to provide the AMF with the location information of the UE managed by the AMF.

[0190] 9. First network element: Used to collect channel state information, sensing information and UE location, and to build a channel knowledge map based on the collected information. In addition, the first network element can also retrieve channel state information from the channel knowledge map based on the location and other information reported by the UE.

[0191] For example, the first network element can be a functional network element responsible for sensing in the core network. It can be an independent core network element, such as an SF network element. In this case, the first network element and the SF network element in Figure 1 are the same. Alternatively, the first network element can also be coupled with any of the aforementioned core network elements, and the core network element can implement the function of the first network element.

[0192] For example, the first network element can be a network element used for auxiliary communication, such as a network element with a sensing auxiliary communication function. This network element with the sensing auxiliary communication function can have the ability to collect channel knowledge maps, and can also obtain channel knowledge maps through other network elements.

[0193] For example, the first network element can be a terminal cloud or a server, and can be a logical function or an independent device, without limitation.

[0194] For example, the first network element can be a base station. Optionally, in the O-RAN architecture, the function of the first network element can be performed by the DU, or by the CU, or some functions can be performed by the DU, some by the CU, and some by the RU, without limitation.

[0195] It should be understood that the network architecture shown in Figure 1 above is only an example. The network architecture applicable to the embodiments of this application is not limited to this. Any network architecture that can realize the functions of the above-mentioned network elements is applicable to the embodiments of this application.

[0196] In the above network architecture, the N1 interface is the interface between the UE and the AMF; the N2 interface is the interface between the RAN and the AMF network element, used for transmitting radio parameters and non-access stratum (NAS) signaling; the N3 interface is the interface between the RAN and the UPF network element, used for transmitting user plane data; the N4 interface is the interface between the SMF and UPF network elements, used for transmitting information such as service policies, tunnel identification information for N3 connections, data buffer indication information, and downlink data notification messages; and the N6 interface is the interface between the DN and UPF network elements, used for transmitting user plane data.

[0197] It should be understood that the various network elements and communication interfaces between them shown in Figure 1 are illustrated using the names specified in the current protocol or the expected names as examples, but this does not limit the embodiments of this application to only being applicable to currently known communication systems. Therefore, the standard names that appear when describing using the current protocol as an example are functional descriptions. This application does not limit the specific names of network elements, interfaces, or signaling, but only indicates the function of the network element, interface, or signaling, which can be extended to other systems, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, or future communication systems.

[0198] For example, in the current standardization process, the sensing function network element has not yet been formally named, and in future networks, the sensing function network element may have other names.

[0199] It should also be understood that AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, AF, SF, LMF, etc., shown in Figure 1 can be understood as network elements in the core network used to implement different functions, for example, they can be combined into network slices as needed. These core network elements can be independent devices or integrated into the same device to implement different functions. This application does not limit the specific form of the above network elements. It should be understood that the network architecture applied to the embodiments of this application is only an example of a network architecture described from the perspective of traditional point-to-point architecture and service-oriented architecture. The network architecture applicable to the embodiments of this application is not limited to this. Any network architecture that can implement the functions of the above-mentioned network elements is applicable to the embodiments of this application.

[0200] It should be noted that the aforementioned network element may also be referred to as an entity, device, apparatus, or module, etc., and this application does not specifically limit it. Furthermore, in this application, for ease of understanding and explanation, the description of "network element" is omitted in some descriptions. For example, the LMF network element is abbreviated as LMF. In this case, "LMF" should be understood as LMF network element. The following descriptions of the same or similar cases are omitted.

[0201] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, some basic concepts involved in this application will be briefly explained.

[0202] 1. Sensing

[0203] Sensing, also known as detection, refers to perceiving parameters of a target in the physical environment, such as its position and velocity. Specifically, a sensing system can detect a target by sending sensing signals and analyzing the echo signals reflected from the object.

[0204] Among them, sensing signals are used to sense (or detect) signals from the sensed target (or target object, such as a scatterer or reflector). Sensing signals can be detection signals, linear frequency modulated signals, radar signals, radar sensing signals, radar detection signals, environmental sensing signals, pulse signals, signals in wireless communication systems, etc.

[0205] The echo signal refers to the signal generated by the reflection of the sensing signal by the target object. For example, the time delay of the echo signal can reflect the distance of the target object relative to the sensing signal transmitting and receiving devices. Alternatively, the Doppler frequency shift of the echo signal can reflect the velocity of the target object.

[0206] 2. Perception Mode

[0207] For example, based on whether the sender and receiver of the sensing signal are the same, sensing modes can be divided into two categories: monostatic sensing (also known as single-base sensing or self-transmitting and self-receiving sensing) and bistatic sensing (also known as two-base sensing or self-transmitting and other-receiving sensing). Monostatic sensing refers to the same device sending the sensing signal (i.e., the sensing transmitter) and the same device receiving the echo signal reflected from the target (i.e., the sensing receiver); bistatic sensing refers to different devices sending the sensing signal and receiving the echo signal reflected from the target.

[0208] To facilitate understanding, the perception modes are briefly introduced below with reference to (a) to (f) in Figure 2.

[0209] Figure 2(a) shows the sensing mode where the base station transmits and receives signals independently, which belongs to the single-site sensing mode described above; Figure 2(b) shows the sensing mode where the terminal transmits and receives signals independently, which belongs to the single-site sensing mode described above; Figure 2(c) shows the sensing mode where base station #1 transmits sensing signals and base station #2 receives echo signals, which belongs to the dual-site sensing mode described above; Figure 2(d) shows the sensing mode where terminal #1 transmits sensing signals and terminal #2 receives echo signals, which belongs to the dual-site sensing mode described above; Figure 2(e) shows the sensing mode where the base station transmits sensing signals and the terminal receives echo signals, which belongs to the dual-site sensing mode described above; Figure 2(f) shows the sensing mode where the terminal transmits sensing signals and the base station receives echo signals, which belongs to the dual-site sensing mode described above.

[0210] It should be understood that Figure 2 is merely an example of several possible perception modes and does not constitute a limitation of this application.

[0211] 3. Beam

[0212] When transmitting a signal, the transmitting device can concentrate the signal energy in a specific beam direction through beamforming. Similarly, when receiving a signal, the receiving device can receive it in the same beam direction using beamforming, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the link between the transmitting and receiving devices. Communication between two devices typically involves multiple available beams. The multiple beams of the transmitting device and the multiple beams of the receiving device are correlated, with each transmitting beam and its corresponding receiving beam forming a beam pair link (BPL). As shown in Figure 3, transmitting beam 1 and receiving beam 1 form BPL1, and transmitting beam 2 and receiving beam 2 form BPL2. When the transmitting device uses transmitting beam 1 to transmit reference signal 1, and the receiving device uses receiving beam 1 to receive reference signal 1, that is, when the transmitting and receiving beams are aligned with the direct path of the signal, the communication quality between the transmitting and receiving devices is relatively good. When the transmitting device uses transmit beam 2 to transmit reference signal 2, and the receiving device uses receive beam 2 to receive reference signal 2, that is, when the transmitting and receiving devices use BPL2 composed of transmit beam 2 and receive beam 2 to transmit reference signal 2, the transmit and receive beams and the reflection path are aligned, and the communication quality between the transmitting and receiving devices can be relatively good. However, for other reference signals (not shown in the figure) transmitted by the transmitting device using other transmit beams, the signal energy of the reference signals received by the receiving device is weak and cannot form a BPL for communication.

[0213] 4. Channel Knowledge Map

[0214] In wireless communication systems, the channel between devices depends on the various scatterers a signal passes through during transmission after being sent from one device. Therefore, when the physical environment remains constant, if two devices are located in the same or similar positions, their wireless channels with another identical device will also be the same or similar. Based on this principle, a channel knowledge map constructs a mapping relationship between specific locations in the physical world and Channel State Information (CSI). It can be understood as a database of CSI. Specifically, CSI can refer to the CSI between a UE and one or more base stations. For example, the CSI may include at least one of the following: the path loss between the UE and a base station, the signal power received by the UE from the base station, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the signal received by the UE from the base station, whether there is a line of sight (LoS) path between the UE and the base station, the beam used by the UE when communicating with the base station, and the modulation and coding scheme and precoding matrix used by the UE when communicating with the base station. When a channel knowledge map is available, the UE can determine its own location using methods such as Global Positioning System (GPS) or cellular positioning. Then, it can determine the channel state information between the UE and the base station in the channel knowledge map based on its location, thereby reducing the overhead of measuring channel state information. Furthermore, when the UE's trajectory is predictable, the channel quality between the UE and the base station can be predicted based on the channel knowledge map. In this way, the base station can perform some pre-scheduling of the UE in advance based on the predicted channel quality, thereby improving communication efficiency.

[0215] The application of channel knowledge maps can be divided into two phases: construction and usage. Specifically, taking cellular networks as an example, in the construction phase, UEs typically determine their location using GPS or cellular positioning. Furthermore, UEs can measure downlink reference signals transmitted by base stations to determine the channel state information of their current location, and then report this location and channel state information to network-side devices (such as base stations, core network equipment, or terminal cloud servers of terminal devices). Since there are a large number of UEs in the communication system, and these UEs are dispersed in different locations and possess a certain degree of mobility, network-side devices can continuously collect the location and channel state information reported by these UEs to obtain the channel state information between the UE and the base station at different locations. This allows for the construction of a channel knowledge map, i.e., a mapping between location and channel state information.

[0216] During the channel knowledge map usage phase, the target UE can also determine its own location through GPS or cellular positioning, and then report its location to the network-side device. The network-side device queries the channel knowledge map based on the target UE's location to obtain the channel status information corresponding to the target UE's current location. Furthermore, the network-side device can send the channel status information to the base station, which can then optimize the communication between itself and the target UE based on the channel status information. Alternatively, the network-side device can send the channel status information directly to the target UE.

[0217] However, due to the impact of positioning errors, there may be errors in the mapping relationship between the UE's location and channel state information, affecting the accuracy of the channel knowledge map and further impacting the communication decisions made through the channel knowledge map.

[0218] Specifically, during the channel knowledge map construction phase, due to the limited positioning accuracy of the UE, there will be some positioning errors when the UE determines its own location, especially when the indoor GPS signal is weak or there is no LoS ​​path between the UE and the base station, the positioning performance cannot be guaranteed. This will lead to some errors in the channel knowledge map constructed by the network-side equipment after collecting the information reported by the UE. For example, if the UE is currently located at location A and reports channel state information B, due to the positioning error, the UE determines its own location as A+△1, so the information reported by the UE is {location A+△1, channel state information B}. Therefore, in the channel knowledge map constructed by the network-side equipment, the channel state information corresponding to location A+△1 is B, but in the actual communication environment, the channel state information corresponding to location A+△1 may be C.

[0219] Similarly, during the use of the channel knowledge map, due to the limited positioning accuracy of the UE, errors will occur during the positioning process. This will result in inaccurate channel state information determined from the channel knowledge map based on the erroneous location information. For example, if the UE is currently located at location A, due to positioning errors, the UE may determine its location as A+△2. Therefore, the UE reports location A+△2. Even if the channel knowledge map is completely accurate, the channel state information determined by the network-side equipment will be the channel state information at A+△2, not the UE's actual location (i.e., location A). Using this incorrect channel state information will also lead to poor subsequent communication performance.

[0220] In view of this, this application provides a communication method and communication apparatus that can improve the accuracy of channel knowledge maps and reduce the impact of positioning errors on channel knowledge maps.

[0221] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided in this application. As shown in Figure 4, the method 400 includes the following steps.

[0222] S410, the first terminal device reports the first location, the first sensing information and the first channel state information, and correspondingly, the first network element receives the first location, the first sensing information and the first channel state information.

[0223] Wherein, the first position is the estimated position of the first terminal device, or in other words, the first position is the positioning result of the first terminal device.

[0224] In this application, "location" refers to the actual location, the location of the terminal device refers to the actual location of the terminal device, and the estimated location refers to the location of the first terminal device obtained through positioning technology. That is, the first location is the positioning result of the actual location of the first terminal device. For example, if the first terminal device is currently located at location A, then location A is the location. The location of the first terminal device obtained through positioning technology is: location A + △, and location A + △ is the first location.

[0225] The first location can be the location determined by the first terminal device or by a device in the core network. For example, the first terminal device can determine its location using GPS signals. Alternatively, the core network can determine the location of the first terminal device using cellular positioning. Specifically, the first terminal device can measure downlink reference signals from multiple base stations, calculate the time difference of arrival (TDOA) between these TDOA signals, and report this difference to the core network (e.g., the LMF used for positioning in the core network). The core network can then determine the location of the first terminal device based on these time differences and the locations of the multiple base stations. Alternatively, the first terminal device can receive downlink reference signals from multiple base stations and send uplink reference signals to these base stations. The first terminal device sends the time difference between the arrival time of the received downlink reference signal and the time of sending the uplink reference signal to the core network. The base stations also send the time difference between the time of sending the downlink reference signal and the time of receiving the terminal's uplink reference signal to the core network. The core network can determine the signal transmission time between the first terminal device and these multiple base stations based on these two time differences, and then determine the location of the first terminal device based on the locations of these multiple base stations. In determining the location of the first terminal device, due to limited positioning accuracy, there may be a difference between the first location and the actual location.

[0226] When the first location is determined by the core network, the core network can send the first location to the first terminal device, which then sends it to the first network element. Alternatively, the core network can directly report the first location to the first network element. In this case, the first terminal device may not report the first location. In this scenario, S410 can be described as follows: the first terminal device reports the first sensing information and the first channel state information, and the core network reports the first location. Correspondingly, the first network element receives the first location sent by the core network, and the first sensing information and the first channel state information sent by the first terminal device. Optionally, the core network can also report the time information for determining the first location to the first network element.

[0227] A concrete example is that the first location can be a location in a global coordinate system (GCS), which can be represented by coordinates in a Cartesian coordinate system. These coordinates can be two-dimensional or three-dimensional, and the first location can also include information such as longitude, latitude, and altitude. It should be understood that the global coordinate system in this application can also be called the world coordinate system or the global coordinate system.

[0228] Optionally, due to the existence of positioning error, the first terminal device may also report the uncertainty of the first location when reporting the first location. This uncertainty can be used to represent the magnitude or range of the positioning error.

[0229] Optionally, the first terminal device can also report the confidence level corresponding to the uncertainty of the first position. For example, the uncertainty of the first position is the error magnitude or error range under a certain confidence level. For instance, if the coordinates of the first position reported by the first terminal device are three-dimensional coordinates [X1, Y1, Z1], and the uncertainty reported by the first terminal device is 1m in the X direction, 2m in the Y direction, and 0.5m in the Z direction, with a corresponding confidence level of 95%, then the first terminal device can determine that its position has a 95% probability of being located within an ellipsoid centered at [X1, Y1, Z1], and the ellipsoid has an equatorial radius of 1m on the X-axis, an equatorial radius of 2m on the Y-axis, and a polar radius of 0.5m. Optionally, the equatorial radius and polar radius of the ellipsoid may not coincide with the coordinate axes; in this case, the reported confidence level information may include the direction information of the ellipsoid's coordinate axes.

[0230] The first sensing information refers to the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device. In this application, the first sensing information can be understood as the environmental information surrounding the location of the first terminal device, or the radio frequency fingerprint information of the location of the first terminal device. It can serve as location assistance information to help identify terminal devices with similar actual locations.

[0231] Specifically, since the first location is the estimated location of the first terminal device, and the first sensing information is the environmental information surrounding the location of the first terminal device, the first location and the first sensing information can form a virtual location. The first location provides a location range, and the first sensing information provides more refined fingerprint information, which can improve the matching success rate of channel state information between terminal devices in close proximity.

[0232] For example, as shown in Figure 5, the terminal device is located at location A. It can locate its current location and obtain the location result. The terminal device and the base station can also determine the sensing information of scattering objects such as televisions and sofas around the sensing location A by transmitting and receiving sensing signals. This sensing information and the positioning result of the terminal device can form a virtual location. This environmental information can be used to help identify terminals that are close to the terminal device in Figure 5, such as terminals within the area of ​​region 1 in Figure 5.

[0233] It should be understood that the specific usage of the first perception information can be found in the descriptions of S430 and S450.

[0234] For example, the first sensing information includes at least one of the first point cloud information or the first multipath information. The first point cloud information includes information on M1 points determined by the first terminal device through the signal sent by the first terminal device. The first multipath information includes information on N1 paths between the first terminal device and the second access network device determined by the signal sent by the first terminal device through the second access network device. M1 and N1 are both positive integers.

[0235] The second access network device and the first access network device can be the same access network device or different access network devices, without limitation.

[0236] Furthermore, there can be one or more first access network devices, and similarly, there can be one or more second access network devices.

[0237] The first terminal device can determine the first sensing information through single-station sensing or dual-station sensing. An example is given below.

[0238] Optionally, the first sensing information includes first point cloud information. The first terminal device can determine the first point cloud information by sending and receiving the sensing signal itself. That is, the first terminal device can send the sensing signal itself and then receive the echo signal scattered back by the surrounding environmental scatterers. In this way, the distribution of the surrounding scatterers can be determined. For example, the position, radial velocity, scattering intensity, reflection coefficient and other information of M1 points can be determined.

[0239] It should be understood that a point cloud refers to multiple points. The first perceived information can include multiple point cloud information. The first point cloud information can refer to a single point cloud or a collective term for multiple point clouds. Each point cloud includes multiple points. For example, this application uses a point cloud containing M1 points as an example for illustration.

[0240] In this application, the position of a point can be directly indicated, for example, by indicating the x-axis and y-axis coordinates of the point in a global Cartesian coordinate system, or by indicating the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis coordinates. The position of a point can also be indirectly indicated, for example, by indicating the relative position of the point with respect to the first terminal device. This relative position can be represented by the difference between the coordinates of each axis in the global Cartesian coordinate system, or it can be represented by polar coordinates, such as the distance and angle of the point relative to the terminal device. This angle can be an angle in the global coordinate system or an angle in the terminal's local coordinate system (LCS). Therefore, the first point cloud information can include the distance and angle of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device.

[0241] It should be understood that in this application, the local coordinate system may also be referred to as a regional coordinate system or a local coordinate system.

[0242] As one implementation, the antenna array of the first terminal device (referred to as the first antenna array) is a planar array, wherein the angle of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device can refer to the azimuth angle and zenith angle of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device.

[0243] For example, when determining the angle of each of the M1 points, if the first terminal device has an array, i.e., multiple antennas of the first terminal device are arranged on a plane, then the first terminal device can determine the azimuth angle, zenith angle, etc., of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device. The azimuth angle is the angle between the projection of the direction from the first terminal device to each of the M1 points onto the xy-plane of the coordinate system and the positive x-axis of the coordinate system. For example, counterclockwise rotation angles are positive, and clockwise rotation angles are negative. The zenith angle is the angle between the direction from the first terminal device to each of the M1 points and the z-axis of the coordinate system. The coordinate system referenced for the azimuth and zenith angles can be the global coordinate system or the LCS of the terminal device.

[0244] In this application, when reporting the angle under LCS, the first terminal device can also report the conversion angle between LCS and GCS. This conversion angle can also be understood as the attitude information of the first terminal device or the attitude information of the first antenna array.

[0245] As another implementation, the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, wherein the angle of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device can refer to the angle between the line connecting each of the M1 points to the first terminal device and the straight line where the first antenna array is located.

[0246] For example, when determining the angle information of each of the M1 points, if the first terminal device only has a linear array, that is, the multiple antennas of the first terminal device are arranged on a straight line, the first terminal device can only determine the angle between the direction of the first terminal device pointing to each of the M1 points and the direction of the first antenna array. Therefore, in this case, the first terminal device can report the attitude information of the linear array antenna, such as the angle in the global coordinate system corresponding to the linear array antenna (which can indicate a ray or a direction), and report the angle between the direction of the first terminal device pointing to each of the M1 points and the linear array antenna.

[0247] As shown in Figure 6, points A1, A2, A3, and A4 represent the four antennas (or antenna elements) of the first terminal device. These four antennas are located on the same straight line, i.e., line l in the figure, and its projection in the xy plane is l'. In other words, the antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array. Because it is a linear array, the first terminal device can only determine the angle between itself and the linear array when determining the direction of arrival (i.e., the direction of the line connecting the point cloud or scatterer to the first terminal device). For example, if the determined angle is... This indicates that the direction of the incoming wave may be distributed on the lateral curved surface of the cone in the figure (the vertex angle of the cone is...). The position of the cone is related to the angle between the point and the line where the first antenna array is located. Therefore, in addition to reporting the angle between the point and the antenna array, the first terminal device also reports the angle between the point and the antenna array. It can also report the attitude information of the first antenna array, such as the azimuth angle α and zenith angle θ corresponding to the linear array under GCS. It should be noted that in this example, when the first terminal device reports the above information, it determines the direction of the first antenna array as A1 to A4. Similarly, the first terminal device can also determine the direction of the first antenna array as A4 to A1. In this case, the first terminal can report the angle between this point and the first antenna array. At the same time, it indicates the attitude information of the first antenna array. For example, the azimuth angle of the linear array under GCS is -(π-α) or π+α, and the zenith angle is π-θ. The two representation methods can represent the same point cloud angle information, that is, they can correspond to the same conic surface in the figure.

[0248] Optionally, when reporting the attitude information of the first antenna array, the first terminal device may also report the azimuth and zenith angle of the first antenna array under the LCS of the terminal device, and additionally report the conversion angle between LCS and GCS.

[0249] The radial velocity of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device can be determined or represented by the Doppler frequency of each of the M1 points relative to the first terminal device.

[0250] The scattering intensity of a point is used to indicate the ratio or difference between the signal intensity after being reflected by the reflection point and the signal intensity before entering the reflection point. Optionally, the intensity information may also include the path loss effect of signal transmission.

[0251] In addition to the scattering intensity mentioned above, the reflection coefficient of a point can also indicate the change in the phase of the signal before and after reflection.

[0252] For example, the M1 points included in the first point cloud information are static points. Since static points are not mobile, the inclusion of static point information in the first sensing information makes the first sensing information more stable as location assistance information, which helps to better assist the first network element in identifying terminal devices with similar real locations.

[0253] For example, if the first sensing information includes information about a certain mobile point, then in the subsequent channel usage phase (see S440 and S450), if the mobile point leaves the aforementioned location, the second sensing information determined by the second terminal device may not include the information about that point, or the information about that point may have changed. In this case, although the two terminal devices are located in the same location, the information perceived by the two devices will be significantly different, which will ultimately cause the first network element to be unable to accurately match the first terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0254] For example, the first point cloud information may include point cloud information determined according to different frequency band signals. When reporting the first point cloud information, the first terminal device may report it according to the frequency band of the signal. The frequency band information may include information about the center frequency value of the frequency band, or it may include information about the center frequency value of the frequency band and the frequency bandwidth information of the frequency band. For example, the first point cloud information may include:

[0255] Frequency band 1: Point cloud 1, Point cloud 2, ..., Point cloud M3;

[0256] Frequency band 2: Point cloud 1, point cloud 2, ..., point cloud M4. Among them, M3 and M4 are both positive integers.

[0257] Optionally, the first sensing information includes first multipath information. The first terminal device can determine the first multipath information by measuring the downlink reference signal of the second access network device. For example, by measuring the downlink reference signal of the second access network device, which can reach the first terminal device through multiple paths, the first terminal device can distinguish these multiple paths in the time domain, angle domain, and Doppler domain after receiving the reference signal, and then determine the multipath information. For example, for each path, the first terminal device can determine the arrival time, arrival angle, Doppler frequency, path coefficient, and other information. In addition, the terminal device can also measure the reference signals of different second access network devices to determine different multipath information.

[0258] The arrival time of the path can be reported in any of the following ways.

[0259] Method 1: When reporting the arrival time of multiple paths, the first terminal device can report the absolute time value corresponding to the arrival time of each path to determine the time. This absolute time value can be a clock value, such as the year, month, day, minute, second, millisecond, minute, second, etc. corresponding to the arrival time of each path. Alternatively, it can be indicated by one or more of the frame number, slot number, symbol index, and intra-symbol offset in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) system, or a combination of the above two forms. For example, an absolute clock value can be used to indicate a large time range or time start value, and then one or more of the frame number, slot number, symbol index, and intra-symbol offset can be used to obtain more precise time information.

[0260] Method 2: When reporting the arrival time of multipaths, the first terminal device can report the difference between the arrival time of each path and a certain time reference point. The time reference point can be the start or end point of a first time unit, where the first time unit is the time unit in which the first terminal device receives the downlink reference signal from the second access network device. Alternatively, the time reference point can be the start or end point of a second time unit, where the second time unit can be the time unit in which the first terminal device sends the uplink reference signal. In this case, the second access network device can also report multipath information to the first network element based on the uplink reference signal sent by the first terminal device.

[0261] Method 3: When reporting the arrival times of multiple paths, the terminal device may omit the arrival time of the first path (i.e., the earliest arriving path) and instead report the arrival time differences of other paths relative to the first path, or relative to the preceding path. For example, if the terminal device identifies three paths with arrival times T1, T2, and T3, it may omit the arrival time of the first path, report the arrival time of the second path as T2-T1, and report the arrival time of the third path as T3-T1 or T3-T2.

[0262] The arrival angle of a path can refer to the angle of the path relative to the first terminal device. Therefore, the first multipath information can include the angle of each of the N1 paths relative to the first terminal device. For a detailed description of the angle information, please refer to the description of point cloud angle information above.

[0263] For example, if the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a planar array, the angle of each of the N1 paths relative to the first terminal device can refer to the azimuth and zenith angle of each of the N1 paths relative to the first terminal device. The coordinate system referenced for the azimuth and zenith angles can be the global coordinate system or the LCS of the terminal device.

[0264] For example, if the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, the angle of each of the N1 paths relative to the first terminal device can refer to the angle between the direction of each of the N1 paths reaching the first terminal device and the straight line containing the first antenna array. For instance, continuing with Figure 6, the first terminal device can report the angle between the direction of each of the N1 paths reaching the first terminal device and the straight line l.

[0265] The coefficient of the path is used to indicate the amplitude and phase changes of the signal after it is transmitted through the path.

[0266] The Doppler frequency of the radius is used to indicate the phase change of the radius coefficient over time.

[0267] For example, the N1 path in this application is a path that passes through a static scatterer but not a dynamic scatterer. Since the static scatterer is not mobile, the first sensing information includes paths that pass through the static scatterer but not the dynamic scatterer, making the first sensing information more stable as location assistance information and helping to better assist the first network element in identifying terminal devices with similar real locations.

[0268] For example, if the first sensing information includes information about a moving scatterer, then in the subsequent channel usage phase (see S440 and S450), if the moving scatterer leaves the aforementioned location, the second sensing information determined by the second terminal device may not include information about the scatterer, or the information about the scatterer may change. In this case, although the two terminal devices are located in the same location, the information perceived by the two devices will be significantly different, which will ultimately cause the first network element to be unable to accurately match the first terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0269] Optionally, when the first terminal device receives multiple downlink reference signals, the first multipath information may include reference signal identifiers used to determine the multipath information. For example, the first multipath information may be: {reference signal 1 + multipath information determined according to reference signal 1}, {reference signal 2 + multipath information determined according to reference signal 2}, etc.

[0270] Optionally, the first multipath information reported by the first terminal device may also include: frequency information of the reference signal used to determine the multipath information, such as frequency band number, channel number, etc.

[0271] Optionally, there can be multiple second access network devices. In this case, when the first terminal device reports the first multipath information, it can indicate the second access network device corresponding to the first multipath information. The content reported by the first terminal device is: {Identifier of second access network device A + Multipath information A}, {Identifier of second access network device B + Multipath information B}. Here, multipath information A is determined based on the downlink reference signal of second access network device A, and multipath information B is determined based on the downlink reference signal of second access network device B.

[0272] For example, the identifier of the access network device in this application can be a base station identifier or a gNB identifier.

[0273] Optionally, the second access network device may have different cells or carriers. In this case, the first terminal device can indicate the cell identifier or carrier identifier corresponding to the multipath information when reporting multipath information. For example, the content reported by the first terminal device may be: {Identifier of the second access network device C + cell identifier / carrier C1 identifier + multipath information C1}, {Identifier of the first access network device C + cell identifier / carrier C2 identifier + channel state information C2}, etc.

[0274] For example, the first multipath information reported by the first terminal device can be as shown in Table 1.

[0275] Table 1

[0276] Optionally, the first sensing information includes a first frequency domain channel response coefficient vector or a first frequency domain channel response coefficient matrix.

[0277] For example, the first frequency domain channel response coefficient vector includes the frequency domain channel response coefficients on different frequency domain units determined by the first terminal device through receiving a reference signal transmitted by the first terminal device (i.e., self-transmission and self-reception), or the frequency domain channel response coefficients of different receiving antenna ports on the same frequency domain unit. As another example, the first frequency domain channel response coefficient matrix includes the frequency domain channel response coefficients on different frequency domain units and different antenna ports determined by the first terminal device through receiving a reference signal transmitted by the first terminal device. The reference signal can be a reference signal at a different frequency, and the first terminal device can also report this frequency information to the first network element, etc.

[0278] For example, the first frequency domain channel response coefficient vector includes frequency domain channel response coefficients on different frequency domain units determined by the first terminal device through receiving reference signals transmitted by the second access network device (i.e., self-transmission and other-reception), or frequency domain channel response coefficients on the same frequency domain unit from different receiving antenna ports. As another example, the first frequency domain channel response coefficient matrix includes frequency domain channel response coefficients on different frequency domain units and different antenna ports determined by the first terminal device through receiving reference signals transmitted by the second access network device. The reference signal can be a reference signal at a different frequency, and the first terminal device can also report this frequency information to the first network element. Optionally, the second access network device can possess different cells or carriers, and the first terminal device can also report one or more pieces of information to the first network element, such as the identifier of the cell or carrier, the identifier of the second access network device, and the identifier of the reference signal. Optionally, there can be one or more second access network devices; that is, the first frequency domain channel response coefficient vector can be associated with a second access network device, thereby including frequency domain channel response coefficients determined by reference signals transmitted by a second access network device. The first frequency domain channel response coefficient vector can also be associated with multiple different second access network devices, thereby including frequency domain channel response coefficients determined by reference signals transmitted through multiple second access network devices.

[0279] For example, the first sensing information may further include one or more of the following: a first time delay spectrum, a first angle spectrum, and first time delay angle spectrum information. The first time delay spectrum, first angle spectrum, and first time delay angle spectrum information may be determined by the first terminal device by receiving a reference signal sent by the first terminal device. In this case, since the reference signal may be a reference signal at a different frequency, the first terminal device may also report the frequency information to the first network element. Similarly, the first time delay spectrum, first angle spectrum, and first time delay angle spectrum information may also be determined by the first terminal device by receiving a reference signal sent by the second access network device. In this case, since the reference signal may be a reference signal at a different frequency, and the second access network device may have different cells or carriers, the first terminal device may also report one or more of the following information to the first network element: the identifier of the cell or carrier, the identifier of the second access network device, the identifier of the reference signal, and the frequency information corresponding to the reference signal.

[0280] Optionally, if the uncertainty of the first location is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the first terminal device reports the first sensing information and the first location; if the uncertainty of the first location is less than the first threshold, the first terminal device does not report the first sensing information, but reports the first location.

[0281] Optionally, if the uncertainty of the first location is greater than the first threshold, the first terminal device reports the first sensing information and the first location; if the uncertainty of the first location is less than or equal to the first threshold, the first terminal device does not report the first sensing information, but reports the first location.

[0282] Optionally, when the uncertainty of the first position includes information from multiple dimensions, the relationship between the uncertainty and the first threshold can be the relationship between the minimum, maximum, or average value of these multiple dimensions and the aforementioned first threshold.

[0283] Specifically, as mentioned above, the sensing information can provide additional fingerprint information for matching nearby terminal devices when the positioning accuracy is poor, thereby determining more accurate channel state information during the use of the information knowledge map. Therefore, when the uncertainty of the first location is less than the first threshold, it indicates that the error of the first location is small, and the first terminal device may not report the first sensing information.

[0284] The uncertainty of the first location can be determined when determining the first location. For example, when using cellular positioning, the uncertainty of the first location can be determined based on the complexity of multipath. The first threshold can be configured or pre-configured by the network (e.g., the first access network device, or the first network element, etc.) or predefined by the standard.

[0285] The first channel state information is the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device.

[0286] In this application, the first channel state information may include large-scale information for communication between the first terminal device and the first access network device, such as whether there is a Loss path, path loss, shadow fading size, beam, etc. between the first terminal device and the first access network device. The first channel state information may also include small-scale information for communication between the first terminal device and the first access network device, such as the channel frequency domain response, precoding codebook for multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) transmission, channel qualifying indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), etc. between the first terminal device and the first access network device.

[0287] It should be understood that in this application, the first access network device and the second access network device may be the same or different, and there is no limitation. When there are multiple first access network devices and multiple second access network devices, they may be partially the same, completely the same, or completely different.

[0288] Optionally, there can be multiple first access network devices. In this case, when the first terminal device reports channel state information, it can indicate the first access network device corresponding to that channel state information. For example, the content reported by the first terminal device may be: {identifier of first access network device A + channel state information A}, {identifier of first access network device B + channel state information B}, etc. Here, channel state information A is the channel state information between the terminal device and first access network device A, and channel state information B is the channel state information between the terminal device and first access network device B.

[0289] Optionally, the first access network device may have different cells or carriers. In this case, when the first terminal device reports channel state information, it can indicate the cell identifier or carrier identifier corresponding to the channel state information. For example, the content reported by the first terminal device may be: {Identifier of the first access network device C + Cell identifier / Carrier identifier C1 + Channel state information C1}, {Identifier of the first access network device C + Cell identifier / Carrier identifier C2 + Channel state information C2}, etc.

[0290] For example, the channel state information in this application includes beam information. Specifically, the beam information may include the beam information of the first access network device or the beam information of the first terminal device.

[0291] In this application, beam information may include beam identifier and beam direction. Optionally, beam information may also include beam width.

[0292] The beam information of the first access network device can be either the identifier of the reference signal or the identifier of the reference signal resource.

[0293] It should be understood that when both the first access network device and the first terminal device have multiple beams, there is a correspondence between the multiple beams of the first access network device and the multiple beams of the first terminal device. Specifically, the first terminal device and the first access network device can determine their beams through beam training. For example, the first access network device can send a reference signal to the first terminal device using different transmit beams, and the first terminal device can receive the signal sent by the first access network device using different receive beams. Alternatively, the first terminal device can send a reference signal to the first access network device using different transmit beams, and the first access network device can receive the signal sent by the first terminal device using different receive beams. When the signal power received by the first terminal device is high, the beam used by the first access network device to transmit the signal and the beam used by the first terminal device to receive the signal can constitute a BPL (Band Power Line) that can be used for communication, and this BPL is associated with the signal. In other words, there is a certain correspondence between the reference signal and the beam. Therefore, a beam can be identified using a reference signal (identifier). Since there is a correspondence between reference signal resources and reference signals, it can also be understood that a beam can be identified using reference signal resources (identifiers).

[0294] For example, the aforementioned reference signal may be a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block (SSB), or a non-zero power channel state information reference signal (NZP-CSI-RS), etc.

[0295] Among them, the beam information of the first terminal device can be the direction of the beam of the first terminal device.

[0296] For example, when the first terminal device has an array, the first terminal device can report the azimuth and zenith angle corresponding to the beam. Referring to the description of the angle in the first point cloud information and the first multipath information above, the azimuth and zenith angle corresponding to the beam can be the angle under GCS or the angle under LCS of the first terminal device. When the angle under LCS is reported, the conversion angle between LCS and GCS of the first terminal device can also be reported, that is, the attitude information of the first terminal device.

[0297] For example, when the first terminal device has a linear array, it can report the angle information between the beam and the direction of the linear array antenna, as well as the attitude information of the linear array antenna. For example, the antenna attitude information can be its angle in the global coordinate system (i.e., the azimuth angle α and zenith angle θ of the linear array antenna), as shown in Figure 6, which can indicate a ray. Alternatively, the antenna attitude information can also be the angle under the first terminal device's LCS (Local Coordinate System). In this case, the first terminal device can also report the conversion relationship between LCS and GCS.

[0298] For example, the first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, and the first channel state information includes the direction information of L1 beams. The direction information of L1 beams is the angle between each of the L1 beams and the straight line where the first antenna array is located, and L1 is a positive integer.

[0299] Optionally, for each beam, the first channel state information reported by the first terminal device includes: the boresight direction of the antenna corresponding to the first terminal device. This boresight direction can also be understood as the antenna's attitude information or orientation information. This boresight direction can further indicate which directions the first terminal device can receive signals from, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent beam matching.

[0300] Optionally, for each beam, the first terminal device may also report corresponding path loss information or received signal power information. The first terminal device may also report the transmission power of the reference signal transmitted by the first access network device.

[0301] For example, the channel state information in this application may include signal quality information between the first terminal device and the first access network device. The signal quality can be represented by the signal strength of the first access network device (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP)). For example, the first channel state information reported by the first terminal device includes the following content: {RSRP / path loss of the reference signal of the first access network device}.

[0302] Optionally, the signal quality information may also include the type and / or identifier of the signal that determines the signal quality.

[0303] For example, if the signal whose signal quality is determined to be an SSB transmitted by a first access network device, when a first terminal device can receive multiple SSBs from a single first access network device, the first terminal device can report the RSRP / path loss corresponding to the SSB with the highest RSRP among these multiple SSBs. Alternatively, the first terminal device can report separately for each SSB. For example, the first channel state information reported by the first terminal device includes: {SSB identifier + RSRP / path loss of the SSB}. The first terminal device can measure the RSRP of different SSBs from the same first access network device (e.g., SSBs with different SSB indices), and it can also measure the RSRP of SSBs from different first access network devices.

[0304] The above mainly explained the contents of the first position, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information. The following describes their relationship.

[0305] Specifically, the first location and the first sensed information are associated with the first channel state information. This association can be understood as follows: when the first terminal device determines its estimated location as the first location, and the environmental information sensed by the first terminal device is the first sensed information, the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device is the first channel state information. After receiving the associated location, sensed information, and channel state information, the first network element can construct a channel knowledge map. This channel knowledge map can provide a mapping between location and sensed information and channel state information.

[0306] Therefore, S410 can be replaced by the first terminal device reporting first channel knowledge map information (or first map construction information), which includes first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information. The first channel knowledge map information indicates that, when the first terminal device determines its estimated location to be the first location or near the first location, and the environmental information sensed by the first terminal device is the first sensing information, the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device is the first channel state information.

[0307] The correlation between the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information can be reflected in the fact that the first terminal device determines these information at the same or similar times, or that the actual location of the first terminal device is the same or adjacent when it determines these information.

[0308] As an example (denoted as Example 1), the first position is the estimated position of the first terminal device at the first moment, the first perceived information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device at the second moment, and the first channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at the third moment. The first moment, the second moment, and the third moment have the following relationships: the time difference between the first moment and the second moment is less than or equal to a first time threshold; and / or, the time difference between the third moment and the second moment is less than or equal to a second time threshold; and / or, the time difference between the third moment and the first moment is less than or equal to a third time threshold. In other words, the first moment, the second moment, and the third moment are located within a first time period.

[0309] For example, the first time threshold, the second time threshold, and the third time threshold may be the same or different, without restriction.

[0310] For example, the first time period can be understood as a time length, such as 10ms, which means that the difference between any two of the first, second, and third time periods should be less than or equal to that time length.

[0311] For example, the first time period can be understood as a time window, which includes a start time and an end time. For example, the time window is from time A to time B, which means that the first time, the second time and the third time should all be between time A and time B.

[0312] Optionally, in this application, the first time period can be the pre-configured information of the first terminal device, or the information configured by the first network element to the first terminal device.

[0313] It should be understood that the determination of the first position by the first terminal device is a process that lasts for a certain period of time. Therefore, the first moment can be the start moment, end moment, middle moment, or any moment within the process. The second moment and the third moment are similar.

[0314] Optionally, in S410, the first terminal device can also report timestamp information, which includes a first time, a second time, and a third time. Based on this timestamp information, the first network element can determine the temporal relationship between the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information. Alternatively, since the three times are relatively close, only one timestamp can be reported, for example, timestamp A + first location + first sensing information + first channel state information. The specific format of timestamp A can be year, month, day, hour, minute, and second, or it can be a frame number, slot index, symbol index in the network, or a combination of both.

[0315] As another example (denoted as Example 2), the first perceived information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device at the second location, and the first channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at the third location. The following relationships exist between the first terminal device's location when determining the first location, the second location, and the third location: the distance difference between the second location and the location when the first terminal device determined the first location is less than or equal to a first distance threshold; and / or, the distance difference between the third location and the second location is less than or equal to a second distance threshold; and / or, the distance difference between the third location and the location when the first terminal device determined the first location is less than or equal to a third distance threshold. In other words, the first terminal device's location when determining the first location, the second location, and the third location are all within a first region.

[0316] For example, the first terminal device determines a first position at a first moment, and determines first perceived information at a second moment. The first terminal device can use its inertial measurement unit, inertial navigation system, or other components to calculate the distance it has moved from the first moment to the second moment, thereby determining that the first position, the second position, and the third position are all within the first region. That is to say, in order to satisfy the conditions in Example 2 above, the first terminal device does not need to determine the exact position of the first terminal device at the first, second, and third moments, but only needs to determine the relative position between the first and second moments, the relative position between the first and third moments, and the relative position between the second and third moments.

[0317] For example, the first distance threshold, the second distance threshold, and the third distance threshold may be the same or different, without limitation.

[0318] For example, the first area range can be understood as a distance range, such as 10m, indicating that the distance difference between any two of the first, second, and third locations should be less than or equal to this distance range.

[0319] Optionally, the first area range can be pre-configured information of the first terminal device, or it can be information configured by the first network element to the first terminal device.

[0320] Optionally, the first distance threshold, the second distance threshold, and the third threshold are all 0, meaning that the first terminal device determines the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information to be at the same location.

[0321] In one implementation, the first position is the estimated position of the first terminal device at a first moment. The first position, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information are carried in the first channel knowledge map information. The method 400 further includes: the first terminal device reporting the second channel knowledge map information, which includes the seventh position, the fourth sensing information, and the fourth channel state information. The seventh position is the estimated position of the first terminal device at a sixth moment. The fourth sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device at the seventh moment. The fourth channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at an eighth moment. There is a correspondence between the seventh position and the fourth sensing information and the fourth channel state information.

[0322] For example, the first channel knowledge map information may further include a first relative position, which is the relative position between the location of the first terminal device at a first time and the location of the first terminal device at a sixth time; or, the first relative position is the relative position between the location of the first terminal device at a second time and the location of the first terminal device at a seventh time; or, the first relative position is the relative position between the location of the first terminal device at a third time and the location of the first terminal device at an eighth time.

[0323] In this application, the first relative position can be understood as the relative position between the location of the first terminal device when determining the first channel knowledge map and the location of the first terminal device when determining the second channel knowledge map.

[0324] Optionally, the second channel knowledge map information can be understood as the channel knowledge map information reported last time, where the channel knowledge map information reported last time before S410.

[0325] In this application, the location at the sixth moment can refer to the actual location at the sixth moment, and the seventh location is an estimated location based on the actual location at the sixth moment. Therefore, the first channel knowledge map information can include the relative position between the actual location at the first moment and the actual location at the sixth moment. Similarly, the first channel knowledge map information can include the relative position between the actual location at the second moment and the actual location at the seventh moment. Or it can include the relative position between the actual location at the third moment and the actual location at the eighth moment.

[0326] For example, the information reported in the second channel knowledge map information includes: location X (an example of the seventh location), sensing information 1 (an example of the fourth sensing information), and channel state information 1 (an example of the fourth channel state information), where location X is the estimated location of the first terminal device at time A (an example of the sixth time). The information reported in the first channel knowledge map information includes: location Y (an example of the first location), sensing information 2 (an example of the first sensing information), and channel state information 2 (an example of the first channel state information), where location Y is the estimated location of the first terminal device at time B (an example of the first time). In this case, the first channel knowledge map information can also include the relative position Δ between the location at time B and the location at time A. It should be noted that both location X and location Y are positioning results that include a certain amount of error. That is, there is an error between location X and the actual location of the first terminal device at time A, and there is an error between location Y and the actual location of the first terminal device at time B. Therefore, Δ and YX may not be equal.

[0327] For example, the first terminal device can determine the relative movement position between two points in time through its inertial navigation, camera and other sensors, and report it to the first network element. The first network element can further determine the relative position between the two positions based on the relative movement position, thereby improving the accuracy of channel state information in some continuous movement scenarios.

[0328] Optionally, in this application, the first terminal device can continuously execute S410, for example, periodically reporting the first location, first sensing information, and first channel status information, or reporting the first location, first sensing information, and first channel status information when the actual location of the first terminal device changes. Alternatively, the first terminal device can store the first location, first sensing information, and first channel status information obtained multiple times, and then report multiple pieces of information at once. Therefore, the same terminal device can report multiple pieces of channel status information.

[0329] Optionally, in this application, there may be multiple first terminal devices performing S410. Since the first location, first sensing information and first channel state information are used to construct a channel knowledge map, the first network element can construct a channel knowledge map when multiple first terminal devices report their location, sensing information and channel state information in the communication system.

[0330] As mentioned earlier, when using cellular positioning, the network element used for positioning in the core network (such as the LMF) can determine the first location of the first terminal device and then report it to the first network element. At this time, the LMF can also send the device identifier of the first terminal device and the first time to the first network element. For the specific form of reporting the first time, please refer to the timestamp description above.

[0331] Optionally, if a network element (such as SF) is present in the communication system for managing sensing functions, the SF can determine the first sensing information of the first terminal device and then report it to the first network element. In this case, the SF can also send the device identifier of the first terminal device and the second time to the first network element. Refer to the timestamp description above for the specific format of reporting the second time.

[0332] Optionally, after the first access network device collects the aforementioned first channel state information, it can also report it to the first network element. In this case, the first access network device can also send the device identifier of the first terminal device and the third time to the first network element. Refer to the timestamp description above for the specific format of reporting the third time.

[0333] In summary, in S410, the first terminal device can report the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel status information, and the LMF, SF, and the first access network device can report some or all of the above information.

[0334] S420: The first network element constructs a channel knowledge map based on the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information.

[0335] For example, the first network element can determine that the first location and the first sense information can be mapped to the first channel state information based on the first location, the first sense information, and the first channel state information. Since the first network element can collect information from terminal devices at different locations and times, as well as information collected by different terminal devices, it can construct a mapping relationship between location and channel state information, and / or a mapping relationship between location and sense information and channel state information, based on the large amount of collected information. This mapping relationship can be understood as a specific form of a channel knowledge map. For example, UE1 (an example of the first terminal device) reports location 3 (an example of the first location) and sense information 1 (an example of the first sense information), and reports the corresponding CSI3 (an example of the first channel state information). UE2 (another example of the first terminal device) reports location 3 (another example of the first location), sense information 2 (another example of the first sense information), and the corresponding CSI4 (another example of the first channel state information). In addition, UE2 also reported location 4 (another example of the first location) and sensing information 3 (another example of the first sensing information) as well as the corresponding CSI5 (another example of the first channel state information). Among them, location 3 and sensing information 1 can form virtual location 1, location 3 and sensing information 2 can form virtual location 2, and location 4 and sensing information 3 can form virtual location 3. Therefore, the first network element can obtain the mapping relationship from row 3 to row 5 in Table 2.

[0336] Table 2

[0337] Optionally, the first network element constructing the channel knowledge map further includes: the first network element determining a first reference area based on the first location and the uncertainty of the first location. For example, the first reference area = the first location + the second area.

[0338] Specifically, for each virtual location, the first network element can identify a second region associated with it. Optionally, the first network element can store the information of the second region in Table 2 as an item in the virtual location information, such as Region 1, Region 2 and Region 3 shown in rows 3 to 5 of Table 2.

[0339] The second region may include at least one of the following information: shape, size, and dimensions. Specifically, the shape of the region may be, for example, a circle, sphere, square, rectangle, cube, cuboid, ellipse, or ellipsoid. The size of the region may be the radius of a circle, the radius of a sphere, the side length of a square, the length and width of a rectangle, the side length of a cube, the length, width, and height of a cuboid, the length of the major axis and the length of the minor axis of an ellipse (and may also include the directions of the major and / or minor axes), or the lengths of the two equatorial radii and the length of the polar radius of an ellipsoid (and may also include the directions corresponding to the equatorial and / or polar radii). The dimensional information of the region may be two-dimensional or three-dimensional. For example, if the shape of the region is a circle or a sphere, then if the dimensional information indicates two dimensions, the shape of the region is a circle, and the size of the region represents the radius of the circle; if the dimensional information indicates three dimensions, the shape of the region is a sphere, and the size of the region represents the radius of the sphere. It should be understood that the above are merely examples, and the shape of the region may also be other polygons or polyhedra, and the size of the region may also be other parameters that can determine the dimensions of the polygon or polyhedron. This application does not limit this.

[0340] For example, the first network element can determine the size of the second region based on the uncertainty of the first location. For instance, the shape of the second region is assumed to be a circle. When the first terminal device reports location 3, it simultaneously indicates that its positioning error is within 5m with a 95% confidence level. Therefore, region 1 can be a circle (e.g., as shown in region 1 in Figure 5), and its radius is a multiple of 5m, such as twice, i.e., a radius of 10m. Then, region 1 in Table 2 can include information indicating a circle with a radius of 10m.

[0341] For example, the first network element can determine the first region on its own. For instance, each virtual location may be associated with the same first region. In this case, the information of the first region may not be included in Table 2.

[0342] In the above scheme, the first location and the second region can determine the first reference region. When the first network element receives the location (e.g., the fourth location, see S440) reported by other terminal devices (e.g., the second terminal device), it can first determine whether the location reported by the second terminal device is within the first reference region. If the location reported by the second terminal device is within the first reference region, the sensing information (e.g., the second sensing information, see S440) reported by the second terminal device is compared with the first sensing information to determine whether the first channel state information can be applied to the second terminal device. For example, the coordinates of position 3 in the aforementioned virtual location identifier 1 are two-dimensional coordinates, specifically [3m, 5m]. Region 1 in virtual location identifier 1 includes information indicating a region size of 1m. Based on this information, the first network element can determine that the first reference region is a circle centered at [3m, 5m] with a radius of 1m, or a square centered at [3m, 5m] with a side length of 1m or 2m. If the fourth position is located within the aforementioned circle or square, the second sensing information and sensing information 1 can be further compared to determine whether the channel state information of the second terminal device is close to CSI3. If the fourth position is not located within the aforementioned circle or square, the first network element does not need to perform the sensing information comparison. Optionally, the first network element can determine whether the virtual position reported by the second terminal device can be located within the reference region indicated by other virtual positions and match with other virtual positions.

[0343] Optionally, as mentioned in S410, if the uncertainty of the first location is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the first terminal device reports the first sensing information and the first location; if the uncertainty of the first location is less than the first threshold, the first terminal device does not report the first sensing information, but reports the first location. Therefore, in some cases, the channel knowledge map constructed by the first network element may not include the first sensing information. For example, UE4 reports location 1 (another example of the first location) and CSI1 (another example of the first channel state information), and UE5 reports location 2 (another example of the first location) and CSI2 (another example of the first channel state information). Therefore, the first network element can obtain the mapping relationship shown in rows 1 and 2 of Table 2.

[0344] It should be understood that the first and second columns in Table 2 are divided into two categories: one category contains only location information and no sensing information, and the other category contains both sensing information and location. When the positioning accuracy of the terminal device is sufficiently high, for example, if the uncertainty of the first location is less than a first threshold, the first network element can directly use the first location (e.g., location 1 or location 2) to query channel state information. When the positioning accuracy of the terminal device is insufficient, for example, if the uncertainty of the first location is greater than the first threshold, a virtual location (e.g., virtual location identifier 1, virtual location identifier 2, or virtual location identifier 3) is used to query channel state information.

[0345] Optionally, the channel knowledge map constructed by the first network element may also include relative position information between virtual locations. For each relative position, it may include relative positions with multiple locations. For example, when UE2 reports location 4 and sensing information 3, it may also report the relative positions of location 4 and sensing information 3 with respect to its reported location 3 and sensing information 2, which can be denoted as Δ. 2->3 Based on this relative position information, the first network element can determine the relative positions between virtual locations, thereby improving the accuracy of channel state information matching for terminal devices in mobile states.

[0346] Optionally, the channel knowledge map constructed by the first network element may also include virtual location identifiers, as shown in the first column of Table 2. These virtual location identifiers can be determined by the first network element itself, or they can directly utilize the timestamp used by the first terminal device when reporting information. For example, if UE2 reports {timestamp A + location 3 + sensing information 2 + CSI4} for the first time, and then reports {timestamp B + location 4 + sensing information 3 + CSI5 + relative position Δ relative to timestamp A} for the second time, the first network element can assign virtual location identifier 2 to location 3 + sensing information 2, and virtual location identifier 3 to location 4 + sensing information 3. Simultaneously, it records Δ in the relative position column of virtual location 3. 2->3 This indicates that the relative position is the relative position of the relative virtual position identifier 2.

[0347] It should be understood that the "[]" in Table 2 indicates that the information is optional.

[0348] Based on the above scheme, the first terminal device can report the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information, enabling the first network element to construct a channel knowledge map. Since the channel knowledge map contains sensing information, the sensing information can help the first network element identify terminal devices whose real locations are close to the first terminal device. As a result, the receiving end can construct a more accurate channel knowledge map, improve the accuracy of the channel knowledge map, and reduce the impact of positioning errors on the channel knowledge map.

[0349] Optionally, the method 400 further includes: S430, the first network element maintains a channel knowledge map.

[0350] Maintaining the channel knowledge map may include updating the channel knowledge map. For example, if the first network element receives the location 3 and perception information 1 of UE2 and its corresponding CSI6, the first network element may update CSI3 in Table 2 to CSI6.

[0351] It should be understood that S410 to S430 can be understood as the construction phase of the channel knowledge map. S440 and S450, which are described later, can be understood as the application phase of the channel knowledge map.

[0352] Optionally, the method 400 further includes: S440, the second terminal device reports the fourth location and the second sensing information, and correspondingly, the first network element receives the fourth location and the second sensing information.

[0353] In this application, the second terminal device can be understood as the target terminal, which needs to obtain channel state information, and therefore executes S440.

[0354] Among them, the fourth position is the estimated position of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device.

[0355] It should be understood that in this application, "current" refers to a period of time or a point in time when the second terminal device needs to obtain channel state information, and it can report its estimated current location and the environmental information it perceives.

[0356] Specifically, the content of the fourth position is similar to that of the first position mentioned above, and will not be detailed here.

[0357] Optionally, the second terminal device can also report the uncertainty of the fourth location, as well as the confidence level corresponding to the uncertainty.

[0358] Optionally, if the uncertainty of the fourth position is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the second terminal device reports the fourth position and the second sensing information. If the uncertainty of the fourth position is less than the first threshold, the second terminal device may not report the second sensing information, but only report the fourth position.

[0359] The specific content of the second sensing information is similar to that of the first sensing information mentioned above. For example, the second sensing information includes at least one of the second point cloud information or the second multipath information. The second point cloud information includes information on M2 points determined by the signal sent by the second terminal device through the second terminal device. The second multipath information includes information on N2 paths between the second terminal device and the third access network device determined by the signal sent by the second terminal device through the third access network device. M2 and N2 are both positive integers.

[0360] Similarly, the second sensing information includes a second frequency domain channel response coefficient vector or a second frequency domain channel response coefficient matrix.

[0361] The meanings of the second frequency domain channel response coefficient vector and the first frequency domain channel response coefficient vector are basically similar, as are the meanings of the second frequency domain channel response coefficient matrix and the first frequency domain channel response coefficient matrix. The difference lies in that the first frequency domain channel response coefficient vector and matrix are determined by the first terminal device through receiving reference signals transmitted by the first terminal device or the second access network device, while the second frequency domain channel response coefficient vector and matrix are determined by the second terminal device through receiving reference signals transmitted by itself or the third access network device. For the specific meanings of the second frequency domain channel response coefficient vector and matrix, please refer to the previous sections on the first frequency domain channel response coefficient vector and matrix; they will not be repeated here.

[0362] Similarly, the second sensing information includes one or more of the following: second time delay spectrum, second angle spectrum, and second time delay angle spectrum information.

[0363] The second time delay spectrum, the second angle spectrum, and the second time delay angle spectrum information are basically similar in meaning to the first time delay spectrum, the first angle spectrum, and the first time delay angle spectrum information mentioned above. They can be determined by the second terminal device receiving reference signals sent by itself or the third access network device, and will not be elaborated here.

[0364] In this application, the third access network device and the second access network device can be the same device or different devices, without limitation.

[0365] Furthermore, there can be one or more third access network devices, without limitation.

[0366] Optionally, M2 points are static points.

[0367] Optionally, the N2 path is a path that passes through a static scatterer but not a dynamic scatterer.

[0368] Optionally, the second point cloud information includes the angle of each of the M2 points relative to the second terminal device. For example, if the antenna array of the second terminal device (referred to as the second antenna array) is a linear array, the angle of each of the M2 points relative to the second terminal device refers to the angle between the line connecting each of the M2 points to the second terminal device and the line containing the second antenna array. Alternatively, if the second antenna array is a planar array, the angle of each of the M2 points relative to the second terminal device can refer to the azimuth and zenith angle of each of the M2 points relative to the second terminal device.

[0369] Optionally, the second multipath information includes the angle of each of the N2 paths relative to the second terminal device. For example, if the second antenna array is a linear array, the angle of each of the N2 paths relative to the second terminal device refers to the angle between the direction of each of the N2 paths reaching the second terminal device and the straight line containing the second antenna array. Alternatively, if the second antenna array is a planar array, the angle of each of the N2 paths relative to the second terminal device can refer to the azimuth and zenith angle of each of the N2 paths relative to the second terminal device.

[0370] Optionally, the second terminal device can also report the attitude information of the second day's linear array.

[0371] Among them, the fourth location and the second sensing information can be understood as the virtual location of the second terminal device.

[0372] Similar to the relationship between the first position and the first sensing information mentioned above, the fourth position and the second sensing information have the following relationship: the fourth position is the estimated position of the second terminal device at the fourth time, the second sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device at the fifth time, and the time difference between the fourth time and the fifth time is less than or equal to the first time threshold; and / or, the second sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device at the sixth position, and the distance difference between the sixth position and the position where the second terminal device determined the fourth position is less than or equal to the first distance threshold.

[0373] Similarly, in S420, the fourth location and second sensing information can be reported by the second terminal device, or the fourth location can be reported by the LMF and the second sensing information can be reported by the SF.

[0374] It should be understood that for any incomplete descriptions of the fourth position and the second sensing information, please refer to the first position and the first sensing information in S410.

[0375] Optionally, the method 400 further includes: S450, the first network element sends second channel status information to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device.

[0376] Specifically, based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and the channel knowledge map, the first network element can determine the second channel state information between the second terminal device and the first access network device. For example, the first network element can retrieve a virtual location matching the virtual location of the second terminal device from the channel knowledge map, thereby determining the channel state information corresponding to that virtual location, such as the first channel state information. Then, the first network element can determine the second channel state information based on the first channel state information and send the second channel state information to the first access network device or the second terminal device. If the information is sent to the first access network device, the identifier of the second terminal device can also be sent to the first access network device.

[0377] In this application, the second channel state information and the first channel state information can be the same; or the second channel state information can be determined based on the first channel state information. For example, if the first network element can determine that there are multiple virtual locations in Table 2 and the virtual locations of the second terminal devices are relatively matched, then multiple first channel state information can be determined accordingly, and the second channel state information can be the average or weighted average of these multiple first channel state information.

[0378] Optionally, the first network element determines the second channel state information by: determining the second channel state information based on the first channel state information corresponding to the first reference region when there is an intersection between the first reference region and the second reference region, and the similarity between the second sensing information and the first sensing information is greater than or equal to a first similarity threshold.

[0379] Specifically, if the first reference region and the second reference region intersect, and the similarity between the second perceived information and the first perceived information is greater than or equal to the first similarity threshold, it indicates that the virtual location of the second terminal device is the same as or similar to the virtual location of the first terminal device. Therefore, their channel state information is also similar. Thus, the first network element can determine that the first channel state information corresponding to the virtual location of the first terminal device in the channel knowledge map is the same as or similar to the channel state information required by the second terminal device. The first network element can send the first channel state information to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device, or send the second channel state information determined based on the first channel state information to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device. In other words, if there is channel state information reported by a terminal device with a virtual location similar to that of the second terminal device, the first network element can retrieve the channel state information in the channel knowledge map.

[0380] For example, during the channel knowledge map construction phase, UE A (an example of the first terminal device) is actually located at position P, but due to positioning errors, its estimated position is P+ΔP. A(An example of the first location), UE A determines its perceived information as S (an example of the first perceived information), and also determines its channel state information as C (an example of the first channel state information). During the channel knowledge map usage phase, UE B (an example of the second terminal device) is actually also at location P, but due to positioning errors, it estimates its location to be P+ΔP. B (An example of the fourth position) The perceived information is determined to be S (an example of the second perceived information). In this case, the positions of UE A and UE B are not matched in the channel knowledge map, but the first network element identifies that the positions of UE A and UE B are not particularly far apart (e.g., ΔP). A and △P B If the difference is within a certain range and the perceived information of both UEs is almost identical, then although the first network element still cannot determine the exact location of UE A and UE B, it can determine that their locations are roughly the same. Therefore, their channel state information is also roughly the same, and thus UE B's channel state information is also C. However, when the positioning accuracy of both UE A and UE B is high, if the locations of the two UEs are the same, the first network element can determine that UE B's channel state information is the same as UE A's, without relying on additional perceived information.

[0381] The second reference region can be determined based on the fourth position and its uncertainty. For example, the second reference region = the fourth position + the third region, where the size of the third region is determined based on the uncertainty of the fourth position.

[0382] Specifically, the relevant description of the second reference area can be found in the first reference area, and will not be repeated here.

[0383] Optionally, the first network element can determine whether it needs to determine the similarity between the first and second perceived information based on whether the first and second reference regions intersect. For example, if the first and second reference regions intersect, it indicates that the real locations of the first and second terminal devices are the same or similar. Therefore, the first network element can further determine the similarity between the first and second perceived information to determine whether the virtual locations of the first and second terminal devices are the same or similar. Conversely, if the first and second reference regions do not intersect, it indicates that the real locations of the first and second terminal devices are far apart. Therefore, the first network element does not need to additionally determine the similarity between the first and second perceived information, thereby reducing the information processing overhead of the first network element.

[0384] In one implementation, determining whether the first reference region and the second reference region intersect can be replaced by determining whether the fourth position is located within the first reference region.

[0385] For example, the first reference area is a circle with a radius of 10m around position 3. The first network element can determine whether the fourth position is within the first reference area. When the fourth position is within 10m around position 3, the first sensing information and the second sensing information can be compared to determine whether the channel state information of the first terminal device and the second terminal device are the same or similar. When the fourth position is not within 10m around position 3, the first network element does not need to compare the first sensing information and the second sensing information. This is because if the fourth position is not within the first reference area, it means that the fourth position and the first position are far apart. Therefore, the probability that the actual positions of the first terminal device and the second terminal device are the same is too low.

[0386] In another implementation, determining whether the first reference region and the second reference region have an intersection can be replaced by determining whether the distance difference between the fourth position and the first position is less than or equal to the fourth distance threshold.

[0387] Optionally, the first network element can determine the fourth distance threshold based on the size of the second region. Since the size of the second region is determined based on the uncertainty of the first position, it can also be said that the first network element can determine the fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of the first position. For example, the fourth distance threshold can be the size of the second region; for instance, if the shape of the second region is a circle, the fourth distance threshold is the radius of the circle.

[0388] Optionally, the first network element can determine the fourth distance threshold based on the size of the third region. In other words, the first network element can determine the fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of the fourth position. For example, the fourth distance threshold is the size of the third region.

[0389] Optionally, the first network element can determine the fourth distance threshold based on the size of the second region and the size of the third region. In other words, the first network element can determine the fourth distance threshold based on the uncertainty of the first position and the uncertainty of the fourth position. For example, the fourth distance threshold is the sum of the size of the second region and the size of the third region.

[0390] For example, UE A (an example of the first terminal device) reports the location P+ΔP. A Simultaneously indicating that its positioning error is within 5m at a 95% confidence level, UE B (an example of a second terminal device) reports the location P+ΔP. B If the positioning error is within 5m at a 95% confidence level, then the fourth distance threshold can be twice 5m plus twice 5m, which is 20m.

[0391] For example, the similarity between the second sensing information and the first sensing information can be determined by the following: the difference between the number of point clouds in the second sensing information and the first sensing information, or the difference between the positions of point clouds in the second sensing information and the first sensing information, or the difference between the number of multipaths in the second sensing information and the first sensing information, or the difference between the time delays of multipaths in the second sensing information and the first sensing information, or the difference between the angles of multipaths in the second sensing information and the first sensing information, etc.

[0392] Based on the above scheme, the first network element can determine the second channel state information in the channel knowledge map according to the fourth location and second sensing information of the second terminal device, and send the second channel state information to the first access network device and / or the second terminal device. Since there is sensing information in the channel knowledge map and the information reported by the second terminal device, the sensing information can help the first network element identify terminal devices whose real locations are close to the second terminal device. Thus, the first network element can find channel state information that is more suitable for the real location of the second terminal device from the channel knowledge map, improve the accuracy of determining the channel state information according to the channel knowledge map, and reduce the impact of positioning errors on the channel knowledge map.

[0393] Optionally, the method 400 further includes: the first network element sending third channel knowledge map information to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device, the third channel knowledge map information being used to indicate the channel knowledge map information surrounding the fourth location. In other words, the first network element can send the channel knowledge map information surrounding the current location of the second terminal device to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device.

[0394] For example, the third channel knowledge map information includes a fifth location, third sensing information, and third channel state information. There is a correspondence between the fifth location, the third sensing information, and the third channel state information. Specifically, the distance difference between the fifth location and the fourth location is less than a fifth distance threshold, and / or the similarity between the third sensing information and the second sensing information is greater than or equal to a second similarity threshold. Alternatively, the third channel knowledge map information can be used to indicate that, when the estimated location of the second terminal device is determined to be near the fifth location, and / or the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device is similar to the third sensing information, the channel state information between the second terminal device and the first access network device is the third channel state information.

[0395] In other words, the third channel status information sent by the first network element to the second terminal device satisfies the first condition, which is: the distance difference between the location corresponding to the third channel status information and the fourth location is less than the fifth distance threshold, and / or the similarity between the sensing information corresponding to the third channel status information and the second sensing information is greater than or equal to the second similarity threshold.

[0396] Specifically, the first network element can also send the channel knowledge map (i.e., the third channel knowledge map information) around the fourth location and the second sensing information requested by the second terminal device to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device. Since there is sensing information in the channel knowledge map, the sensing information can help the receiving end identify terminal devices whose real location is close to the second terminal device. In this way, during the subsequent movement of the second terminal device, the second terminal device can find channel state information that is more suitable for the current actual location based on the real-time location, so that it does not need to continuously request channel state information, which is beneficial to reduce communication overhead and communication latency.

[0397] For example, the fifth distance threshold can be greater than the fourth distance threshold, and the second similarity threshold can be greater than the first similarity threshold. That is, based on the fourth distance threshold and the first similarity threshold, the first network element can match the terminal device with the same or closest virtual location as the second terminal device, and based on the fifth distance threshold and the second similarity threshold, the first network element can match the terminal devices around the virtual location of the second terminal device, thereby determining the channel knowledge map around it.

[0398] Optionally, the third-channel knowledge map information also includes a second relative position, which can be the relative position of the fifth position with respect to other positions. That is, the third-channel knowledge map information can include relative position information between virtual positions. For example, the third-channel knowledge map includes the information in row 5 of Table 2 above, where Δ 2->3 This represents an example of a second relative position.

[0399] In this application, the third channel knowledge map information is a portion of the channel knowledge map; that is, Table 2 may include third channel knowledge map information. Furthermore, there may be one or more third channel knowledge map information items, or in other words, the third channel knowledge map information may include multiple {fifth location, third sensing information, and third channel status information}. Therefore, the first network element can send a portion of the rows in Table 2 to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device.

[0400] It should be understood that the relationship between the fifth position, the third sensing information, and the third channel state information can be referenced to the relationship between the first position, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information, which will not be elaborated here.

[0401] Optionally, the method 400 further includes: the second terminal device and the first access network device communicating based on the second channel state information.

[0402] The following is a brief introduction to how the second terminal device and the first access network device utilize this channel knowledge map:

[0403] 1) The second channel state information includes beam information. The second terminal device and the first access network device can use this beam information to perform fast beam training. For example, when the second terminal device is in an idle state, the first network element indicates one or more SSBs of the first access network device to the second terminal device in advance, and at the same time indicates the corresponding receiving beam of the second terminal device. The second terminal device can prioritize measuring the indicated SSB and prioritize using the indicated receiving beam for measurement. This can reduce the latency of random access of the first terminal device.

[0404] 2) The second channel state information includes beam information. The second terminal device is connected to the first access network device. The first network element provides the second terminal device and / or the first access network device with information about beam interruption at certain locations (e.g., a sharp drop in the RSRP of the corresponding reference signal), and indicates some candidate beams (e.g., the RSRP of the corresponding reference signal is greater than a certain threshold). Based on this information, the first access network device can determine that beam failure is about to occur and can switch to a candidate beam in advance. Alternatively, the second terminal device can determine that beam failure has occurred based on its predicted trajectory, and can send an indication of impending beam failure to the first access network device in advance, indicating the information of candidate beams to the first access network device, or switch to a candidate beam in advance.

[0405] 3) The second channel status information includes signal quality information. Based on the prediction of its own trajectory, the second terminal device can identify that the subsequent signal quality is poor. If the second terminal device is currently watching a video stream, it can request more buffers from the server in areas with better channel quality to ensure continuous playback of the video in areas with poor quality.

[0406] It should be understood that the above applications are merely examples, and this application does not limit the way the second channel state information is used.

[0407] It should also be understood that S440 and S450 in the above method 400 can be implemented together with S410 to S430, or can be implemented as an independent solution without restriction.

[0408] Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 700 provided in this application. Method 700 can be considered as an implementation of method 400. As shown in Figure 7, method 700 includes the following steps.

[0409] S701, UE A (an example of a first terminal device) obtains the location of UE A (an example of a first location).

[0410] Referring to S410, UE A can determine its location via GPS signals. Alternatively, UE A can obtain its location from the LMF via cellular positioning.

[0411] S702, UE A determines the perception information of UE A (an example of the first perception information).

[0412] Referring to S410, UE A can acquire sensing information through any of the sensing modes shown in Figure 2.

[0413] S703, UE A determines the channel state information (an example of the first channel state information).

[0414] For example, referring to S410, the channel state information includes beam information between UE A and base station 1.

[0415] For example, referring to S410, the channel state information may include signal quality information between UE A and base station 1.

[0416] Base station 1 is used to provide access services for UE A.

[0417] S704, UE A reports location, sensing information, and channel status information to the first network element.

[0418] Referring to S410, the location, sensing information and channel state information are correlated, and this correlation is reflected in the fact that the time and / or location of these information are the same or similar.

[0419] S705, the first network element constructs a channel knowledge map.

[0420] Referring to S420, the first network element can construct a channel knowledge map based on information reported by multiple terminal devices or multiple pieces of information reported by a single terminal device. The channel knowledge map includes sensing information.

[0421] For example, the format of the map can be as shown in Table 2.

[0422] The above S701 to S705 can be understood as the construction stage of the channel knowledge map, and the subsequent S706 to S711 can be understood as the usage stage of the channel knowledge map.

[0423] S706, UE B (an example of a second terminal device) obtains the location of UE B (an example of a fourth location).

[0424] Referring to S440, UE B can determine its location via GPS signals. Alternatively, UE B can obtain its location from the LMF via cellular positioning.

[0425] S707, UE B determines UE B's perception information (an example of second perception information).

[0426] Referring to S440, UE B can acquire sensing information through any of the sensing modes shown in Figure 2.

[0427] Optionally, S707 is executed only when the positioning error of UE B is greater than the first threshold, and S707 is not executed when the positioning error of UE B is less than the first threshold.

[0428] S708, UE B reports location and sensing information to the first network element.

[0429] Referring to S440, the location of UE B plus the perceived information constitutes the virtual location of UE B.

[0430] S709, the first network element retrieves channel state information (an example of the second channel state information).

[0431] Referring to S450, the first network element can index the constructed channel knowledge map based on the location and sensing information of UE B, and find the virtual location that matches the virtual location of UE B in the channel knowledge map and the corresponding channel state information.

[0432] S710, the first network element sends the retrieved channel state information to UE B and / or base station 1.

[0433] Base station 1 is also used to provide access services for UE B.

[0434] Referring to S450, the first network element can send the retrieved channel state information to UE B and / or base station 1.

[0435] In addition, the first network element can also send a local channel knowledge map around UE B to UE B and / or base station 1.

[0436] S711, UE B and base station 1 communicate based on this channel knowledge map.

[0437] It should be understood that the sequence number of each process in this application does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0438] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above with reference to Figures 1 to 7. The above-described communication method is mainly introduced from the perspective of the interaction between the terminal device and the access network device. It is understood that, in order to realize the above functions, the terminal device and the access network device include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to perform each function.

[0439] It is understood that, in order to implement the functions in the above embodiments, the terminal device and access network device include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to perform each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and method steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0440] Figures 8 and 9 are schematic block diagrams of communication devices provided in embodiments of this application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the first terminal device or access network device in the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments. In the embodiments of this application, the communication device can be the UE shown in Figure 1, the first network element shown in Figure 1, or a module (such as a chip) applied to the UE or the first network element.

[0441] As shown in Figure 8, the communication device 2000 includes a transceiver unit 2020. The communication device 2000 is used to implement the functions of the first network element, the first terminal device, or the second terminal device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 4. Optionally, the communication device 2000 further includes a processing unit 2010.

[0442] When the communication device 2000 is used to implement the function of the first terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG4: the transceiver unit 2020 is used to: report the first location, the first sensing information and the first channel status information.

[0443] When the communication device 2000 is used to implement the function of the first network element in the method embodiment shown in FIG4: the transceiver unit 2020 is used to receive the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information, and the processing unit 2010 is used to construct a channel knowledge map based on the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information. Alternatively, the transceiver unit 2020 is used to receive the fourth location and the second sensing information, and to transmit the second channel state information.

[0444] When the communication device 2000 is used to implement the function of the second terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG4: the transceiver unit 2020 is used to: send fourth location and second sensing information.

[0445] For a more detailed description of the processing unit 2010 and the transceiver unit 2020, please refer to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in Figure 4.

[0446] As shown in Figure 9, the communication device 3000 includes a processor 3010 and an interface circuit 3020. The processor 3010 and the interface circuit 3020 are coupled together. It is understood that the interface circuit 3020 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, the communication device 3000 may also include a memory 3030 for storing instructions executed by the processor 3010, or storing input data required by the processor 3010 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 3010 executes instructions. Sometimes, the interface circuit 3020 can also be understood as part of the processor 3010, in which case the communication device 3000 includes the processor 3010.

[0447] When the communication device 3000 is used to implement the method shown in FIG4, the processor 3010 is used to implement the function of the processing unit 2010, and the interface circuit 3020 is used to implement the function of the transceiver unit 2020.

[0448] As an example, when the first network element is an O-RAN, the first network element can be a DU. In this case, the receiving function of the first network element in S410 and the function of constructing the channel knowledge map in S420 can both be implemented by the DU. Optionally, the function of maintaining the channel knowledge map in S430, the receiving function of the first network element in S440, and the transmitting function of the first network element in S450 can also be implemented by the DU.

[0449] As another example, when the first network element is an O-RAN, it can be a DU or an RU. In this case, the receiving function of the first network element in S410 can be implemented by the RU, which can send the received information to the DU. Thus, the function of the first network element in S420 to build a channel knowledge map can be implemented by the DU. Optionally, the function of the first network element in S430 to maintain the channel knowledge map can also be implemented by the DU, and the receiving function of the first network element in S440 and the sending function of the first network element in S450 can be implemented by the RU. Specifically, the RU can receive the fourth location and the second sensing information and send the received information to the DU. The DU can determine the second channel state information based on the fourth location and the second sensing information and send the second channel state information to the DU, which then sends it to the second terminal device.

[0450] It should be understood that the above are merely examples, and this application does not limit the specific form of the first network element.

[0451] When the aforementioned communication device is a chip applied to a terminal, the terminal chip implements the functions of the terminal in the above method embodiments. The terminal chip receiving information can be understood as the information being first received by other modules in the terminal (such as an RF module or antenna), and then sent to the terminal chip by these modules. The terminal chip sending information can be understood as the information being first sent to other modules in the terminal (such as an RF module or antenna), and then sent by these modules.

[0452] When the aforementioned communication device is a chip applied to a first network element, the first network element chip implements the functions of the first network element in the above method embodiments. The first network element chip receiving information can be understood as the information being first received by other modules (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) in the first network element, and then sent to the first network element chip by these modules. The first network element chip sending information can be understood as the information being sent down to other modules (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) in the first network element, and then sent by these modules.

[0453] In this application, entity A sends information to entity B, either directly or indirectly through other entities. Similarly, entity B receives information from entity A, either directly or indirectly through other entities. Entities A and B can be RAN nodes or terminals, or modules within RAN nodes or terminals. Information transmission and reception can be between RAN nodes and terminals, such as between a base station and a terminal; between two RAN nodes, such as between a CU and a DU; or between different modules within a single device, such as between a terminal chip and other modules of the terminal, or between a base station chip and other modules of the base station.

[0454] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0455] The method steps in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions executable by a processor. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. The storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Alternatively, the ASIC can reside in a base station or terminal. The processor and storage medium can also exist as discrete components in a base station or terminal.

[0456] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are performed entirely or partially. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video optical disc; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or may include both types of storage media.

[0457] In the above embodiments, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0458] In this document, "at least one" means one or more. "More than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the textual description of this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship; in the formulas of this application, the character " / " indicates that the related objects before and after are in a "division" relationship. "Including at least one of A, B, and C" can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B, and C.

[0459] In this application, "for indication" can include both direct and indirect indication. When describing indication information as indicating A, it can include whether the indication information directly or indirectly indicates A, but does not necessarily mean that the indication information includes A. The information indicated by the indication information is called the information to be indicated. In specific implementation, there are many ways to indicate the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately. Moreover, the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different. This application does not limit the specific sending method. The sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be predefined, for example, predefined according to the protocol, or configured by the transmitting device by sending configuration information to the receiving device. The configuration information can be, but is not limited to, one or a combination of at least two of RRC signaling, MAC layer signaling, and physical layer signaling. MAC layer signaling includes, for example, MAC control elements (CE), and physical layer signaling includes, for example, downlink control information (DCI).

[0460] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," and various numerical designations are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

[0461] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0462] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0463] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0464] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0465] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0466] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0467] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The system reports a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information. The first location is the estimated location of the first terminal device. The first sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device. The first channel state information is the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information are used to construct a channel knowledge map.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first position is the estimated position of the first terminal device at the first moment, the first perceived information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device at the second moment, and the time difference between the first moment and the second moment is less than or equal to the first time threshold. And / or, The first channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at a third time, wherein the time difference between the third time and the second time is less than or equal to a second time threshold; and / or, The time difference between the third time point and the first time point is less than or equal to the third time threshold.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first sensed information is the environmental information sensed by the first terminal device when it is in the second location, and the distance difference between the second location and the location where the first terminal device determined the first location is less than or equal to the first distance threshold. And / or, The first channel state information is the channel state information obtained by the first terminal device at the third location, and the distance difference between the third location and the second location is less than or equal to the second distance threshold. And / or, The distance difference between the third location and the location where the first terminal device determined the first location is less than or equal to the third distance threshold.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first sensing information includes at least one of first point cloud information or first multipath information. The first point cloud information includes information on M1 points determined by the first terminal device through signals sent by the first terminal device. The first multipath information includes information on N1 paths between the first terminal device and the second access network device, determined by signals sent by the first terminal device through the second access network device. M1 and N1 are both positive integers.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The M1 points are static points, and / or the N1 paths are paths that pass through static scatterers but not dynamic scatterers.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, wherein... The first point cloud information includes: the angle between the line connecting each of the M1 points to the first terminal device and the straight line where the first antenna array is located; The first multipath information includes: the angle between the direction of each of the N1 paths leading to the first terminal device and the straight line where the first antenna array is located.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first antenna array of the first terminal device is a linear array, wherein... The first channel state information includes the direction information of L1 beams, where the direction information of L1 beams is the angle between each of the L1 beams and the straight line where the first antenna array is located, and L1 is a positive integer.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: Report the attitude information of the first antenna array.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The uncertainty of the first position is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

11. A method of communication, characterized in that, Applied to the first network element, including: The system receives a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information from a first terminal device. The first location is an estimated location of the first terminal device, the first sensing information is environmental information perceived by the first terminal device, and the first channel state information is channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device. The first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information are used to construct a channel knowledge map.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: The channel knowledge map is constructed based on the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive fourth location and second sensing information from the second terminal device, wherein the fourth location is the estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device; The second channel state information between the second terminal device and the first access network device is determined based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and the channel knowledge map. Send the second channel status information to the second terminal device and / or the first access network device.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the distance difference between the fourth position and the first position is less than or equal to a fourth distance threshold, and the similarity between the second sensing information and the first sensing information is greater than or equal to a first similarity threshold, the second channel state information is determined based on the first channel state information.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive the uncertainty of the fourth position from the second terminal device; The fourth distance threshold is determined based on the uncertainty of the fourth position.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: The fourth distance threshold is determined based on the uncertainty of the first position.

17. A method of communication, characterized in that, include: Send fourth location and second sensing information, wherein the fourth location is the estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device; Receive the second channel status information between the second terminal device and the first access network device.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The method further includes: The device receives channel knowledge map information, which is used to indicate the channel knowledge map information around the current location of the second terminal device.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The channel knowledge map information includes a fifth location, third perception information, and third channel state information. There is a correspondence between the fifth location, the third perception information, and the third channel state information. The distance difference between the fifth location and the fourth location is less than a fifth distance threshold, and / or the similarity between the third perception information and the second perception information is greater than or equal to a second similarity threshold.

20. A method of communication, characterized in that, include: Receive fourth location and second sensing information from the second terminal device, wherein the fourth location is the estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the second terminal device; The second channel status information is sent to the second terminal device. The second channel status information is determined based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and the channel knowledge map.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The method further includes: The channel knowledge map information is sent to the second terminal device, and the channel knowledge map information is used to indicate the channel knowledge map information around the current location of the second terminal device.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The channel knowledge map information includes a fifth location, third sensing information, and third channel state information. There is a correspondence between the fifth location, the third sensing information, and the third channel state information. The distance difference between the fourth location and the fifth location in the channel knowledge map is less than a fifth distance threshold, and / or the similarity between the second sensing information and the third sensing information in the channel knowledge map is greater than or equal to a second similarity threshold.

23. A method of communication, characterized in that, include: The first terminal device reports a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information. The first location is the estimated location of the first terminal device. The first sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device. The first channel state information is the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device. The first network element constructs a channel knowledge map based on the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information.

24. A method of communication, characterized in that, include: The second terminal device sends a fourth location and second sensing information, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information perceived by the second terminal device. The first network element sends second channel status information to the second terminal device. The second channel status information is determined based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and the channel knowledge map.

25. A method of communication, characterized in that, include: The first terminal device reports a first location, first sensing information, and first channel state information. The first location is the estimated location of the first terminal device. The first sensing information is the environmental information perceived by the first terminal device. The first channel state information is the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first access network device. The second terminal device sends a fourth location and second sensing information, wherein the fourth location is an estimated location of the current location of the second terminal device, and the second sensing information is environmental information perceived by the second terminal device. The first network element sends second channel status information to the second terminal device, and the second channel status information is determined based on the first channel status information.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, The method further includes: A channel knowledge map is constructed based on the first location, the first sensing information, and the first channel state information.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that, The second channel state information is determined based on the first channel state information, including: the second channel state information is determined based on the fourth location, the second sensing information, and the first channel state information in the channel knowledge map.

28. The method according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the distance difference between the fourth location and the first location in the channel knowledge map is less than or equal to a fourth distance threshold, and the similarity between the second sensing information and the first sensing information in the channel knowledge map is greater than or equal to a first similarity threshold, the second channel state information is determined based on the first channel state information.

29. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes modules or units for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or modules or units for performing the method as described in any one of claims 11 to 16, or modules or units for performing the method as described in any one of claims 17 to 19, or modules or units for performing the method as described in any one of claims 20 to 22, or modules or units for performing the method as described in any one of claims 23 to 25.

30. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes one or more processors configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in a memory, causing the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 10, or the method of any one of claims 11 to 16, or the method of any one of claims 17 to 19, or the method of any one of claims 20 to 22, or the method of any one of claims 23 to 25.

31. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a communication device, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or the method as described in any one of claims 11 to 16, or the method as described in any one of claims 17 to 19, or the method as described in any one of claims 20 to 22, or the method as described in any one of claims 23 to 25.

32. A computer program product, characterized in that, The method includes a computer program that, when run, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or implements the method as described in any one of claims 11 to 16, or implements the method as described in any one of claims 17 to 19, or implements the method as described in any one of claims 20 to 22, or implements the method as described in any one of claims 23 to 25.

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