Long firearm

Abstract

A long firearm, comprising a stock (400) that houses a top receiver (101), which is continued by a barrel (201). In the top receiver (101), a breech (301) is arranged. The stock (400) is open under the top receiver (101). A bottom container (501) is attached to the top receiver (101). The bottom container (501) comprising a shaft (505) for a magazine (600) and a trigger mechanism with a trigger (541). The bottom container (501) is connected to the top receiver (101) separably at one side by means of a projection (502) that fits into a groove (103) in the top receiver (101), and at the opposite side it is fixed by means of a combination of a fixed claw (102) and a spring-loaded claw (511).

Description

[0001] Long firearm

[0002] Field of the invention The invention relates to a long firearm, comprising a stock that houses a top receiver, which is continued by a barrel, and in the top receiver , a breech is arranged wherein the stock is open under the top receiver and a bottom container is attached to the top receiver, the bottom container comprising a shaft for a magazine and a trigger mechanism with a trigger.

[0003] Background information

[0004] The bottom container of a rifle generally carries the magazine shaft inside, including the entire magazine and its catch Z release member. Further, the whole trigger mechanism, including the mechanism of e.g. an automatic trigger, or interrupter as well as parts of the striking and safety mechanism. Last, but not least, elements of the breech catch may also be included.

[0005] Long firearms, both repeating and self-loading, can be among other things divided into military and civilian firearms. The designs of these weapons are similar to each other, however, there is a significant difference. The difference is a considerable emphasis placed on easy disassembly of the military firearms. The reason is a much higher risk of soiling the weapon, which may lead to a limitation of its functionality, and thus to indirect endangering of the user’s life on the part of the enemy. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to keep the weapon in a clean, and ideally lubricated state. In addition, it must be possible to carry out such an activity in the field conditions. In such cases, it is most convenient to have the possibility to disassemble the firearm with a minimal number of tools, ideally entirely without them.

[0006] In the recent years, there have been increasing requirements for ensuring the possibility of easy cleaning of the internal mechanisms of civilian firearms as well. This entails the requirement for user-friendly disassembly and assembly. Easy disassembly brings further requirements with it, namely to make this activity feasible without tools as well as by technically and manually less skilled users. Therefore, individual mechanisms should be conceived in such a way as to:

[0007] - enable disassembly of the firearm after pressing a single button and by carrying out an easy movement avoid the internal mechanisms breaking up into small parts after being removed from the firearm to prevent their possible loss, i.e. relatively large units should be maintained

[0008] - avoid the necessity to further disassemble the internal units for complete cleaning

[0009] - make the reassembly of the poka-yoke type wherein it must not be structurally possible to install a part or sub-assembly in a position different from the intended position

[0010] - make the firearm design sufficiently sturdy to avoid damage of some nodes, causing subsequent malfunction, in case of less skilfully executed disassembly and assembly.

[0011] Generally known solutions can be divided, as mentioned above, into two groups, namely military and civilian. As regards military firearms, two basic and most widespread disassembly method can be distinguished.

[0012] The first assembly method, represented by firearms as e.g. SA-58, or the better- known AK-47 and its clones, uses a transversal pin in the rear part of the firearm system between the cover of the recoil mechanism and the stock. The pin is enlarged at one side, which makes it easier to grasp. Further, it is fitted with a stop so that it cannot be extracted completely to prevent the risk of its loss. After the extraction of the pin, the assembly of the rear cover with the recoil mechanism can be removed. Subsequently, the assembly of the breech block carrier with a part of the striking and breech mechanism can be extracted. The rest of the mechanisms, as e.g. the trigger and other catch mechanisms, remain in the firearm and are not disassembled by the user any further. The second assembly method is mainly used by fire-arms of the U.S. origin, i.e. mainly by rifles AR15, or carbines of the M4 type and all their clones. These weapons are conceived in such a way that they are divided into two halves, mutually connected with two pins. One, the top half of the weapon is constituted by the stock with the withdrawal mechanism and the top receiver, which further houses the breech mechanism assembly. The other, the bottom half of the weapon is constituted by the bottom container, which houses the magazine with the catch mechanism, the trigger, safety and a part of the striking mechanism as well as the breech catch mechanism. One of the said pins is situated transversally in the front part of the firearm, it is not removed to perform the basic disassembly. But both the halves of the weapon rotate on it, which results in that they can be tilted with respect to each other to provide access to the breech assembly enabling its removal All this can only be carried out after the extraction of the said second pin, which is positioned similarly to the first described firearm design, i.e. at the back, between the functional part of the firearm and the stock.

[0013] Another substantial difference from the first design (SA-58, AK-47) is that the recoil mechanism of this one is housed in the tube of the stock and is not used within the user disassembly method. Concerning civilian, and especially traditional hunting firearms, the situation is much more heterogeneous. A design solution that the weapon comprises a so- called split stock, can be encountered relatively frequently. This means that the stock is divided into two parts - forend and buttstock, which at the same time contains a pistol handle and a stock boot. The central part of the stock is completely omitted and is directly replaced by the functional part of the weapon (system). As regards such a firearm type, the disassembly is often performed by removing the forend, which is generally attached to the weapon with variously designed levers, or hidden or visible screws. Having removed the forend, the user will get access to further mechanisms that will allow him / her to continue the disassembly.

[0014] Another example is the solution according to US 11,614,292 B2 Detachable firearm receiver. Here, the stock is integral. The firearm is further designed in such a way that by means of a single button and an easy movement the entire internal functional part of the weapon can be removed, which makes it extremely accessible for cleaning. Further disassembly into smaller elements is considerably easy again. A certain disadvantage can be seen in the fact that such a disassembly button is not quite easy to press because it is connected directly to the recoil springs. Thus, to press it, the force of these springs must be overcome. In addition, in a hole the diameter of which Is relatively small so that an adult person may have a problem inserting his / her finger. As already mentioned, the direct connection to the recoil springs determines the position of such a button on the firearm to a certain extent. It is found on the vertex of the functional part of the firearm, i.e. in the area where e.g. a (vertex) safety could be situated under different circumstances.

[0015] It is the object of the invention to propose such a design of a long firearm that would enable an easy removal of the bottom container and in addition eliminate the shortcomings of the existing designs.

[0016] Summary of the invention

[0017] The said object is achieved with a tong firearm comprising a stock that houses a top receiver that is continued by a barrel, and in the top receiver, a breech is arranged wherein the stock is open under the top received and a bottom container is attached to the top receiver, the bottom container comprising a shaft for the magazine and a trigger mechanism with a trigger according to the invention the principle of which is that the bottom container is connected to the top receiver separably on one side by means of a projection that fits into a groove in the top receiver, and on the opposite side it is fixed by means of a combination of a fixed daw and a spring-loaded claw.

[0018] An advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the disassembly of the firearm is made possible by pressing a single button and making one easy movement, and at the same time, it eliminates shortcomings of well-known solutions, e.g. according to US 11,614,292 B2. After the removal from the firearm, the internal mechanisms are not broken up into small parts, which may possibly lead to their loss. The internal units do not require further disassembly for complete cleaning.

[0019] The reassembly is of the “poka-yoke" type when it is structurally impossible to install a part or subassembly in a position that differs from the intended position. The structure of the firearm is sufficiently sturdy so that some of the nodes cannot be damaged in case of less skilfully performed disassembly and assembly.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the fixed claw is arranged on the top receiver and the spring-loaded claw on the bottom container.

[0021] In another preferred embodiment, the spring-loaded claw is operable by means of a latch on the bottom container. In another preferred embodiment, the fixed daw is arranged on the bottom container and the spring-loaded claw on the top receiver.

[0022] Clarification of drawings The invention will be described in a more detailed way with reference to embodiment examples of a long firearm according to the invention shown in attached drawing wherein individual figures represent:

[0023] Fig. 1 - an overall axonometric view of the firearm:

[0024] Fig. 2 - a rear axonometric view of a central detail of the firearm from the right;

[0025] Fig. 3 - a rear axonometric view of a central detail of the firearm from the left: Fig. 4 - a front axonometric view of a central detail of the firearm from the right with the bottom container tilted out; Fig. 5 - a front axonometric view of a central detail of the firearm from the left with the bottom container tilted out;

[0026] Fig. 6 - a view from the right side of the top receiver with the bottom container in the tiited-out position;

[0027] Fig. 7 ~ a view from the right side of the top receiver with the bottom container in the retracted position:

[0028] Fig. 8 ~ a view from the right side of the bottom container;

[0029] Fig. 9 - a view from the right side of the top receiver;

[0030] Fig, 10 - the magazine; Fig. 11 - the breech with the recoil mechanism

[0031] Examples of embodiments of the invention

[0032] The long firearm according to Fig. 1 comprises a stock 400 that houses a top receiver 101 which is continued by the barrel 201, and in the top receiver 101, the breech 301 assembly is arranged. The breech 301 assembly can move within the inner space of the top receiver 101.

[0033] The stock 400 is open under the top receiver 101, and a bottom container 501 is attached to the top receiver 101.

[0034] The bottom container 501 comprises a shaft 505 for the magazine 600 and the trigger mechanism with a trigger 541. The bottom container 501 is connected to the top receiver 101 separably at one side by means of a projection 502 that fits into a groove 103 in the top receiver 101, and at the apposite side it is fixed by means of the combination of a fixed claw 102 and spring-loaded daw 511.

[0035] In the embodiment of Figs. 6 and 7, the fixed claw 102 is arranged on the top receiver 101 and the spring-loaded daw 511 on the bottom container 501. The spring-loaded daw 511 is operable with the use of a button 510 on the bottom container 501 (see Figs 2, 3).

[0036] Persons skilled in the art will find it obvious that according to a not shown embodiment, the fixed claw may be arranged on the bottom container 501 and the spring-loaded claw on the top container 101.

[0037] The bottom container 501 comprises in its front part a latch 510 fitted with a claw 511 that engages the fixed claw 102 in the front bottom part of the top receiver 101. This claw 511 ensures a firm attachment of the bottom container 501 to the top receiver 101. A spring 512 acts upon the latch 510 towards the closed position so that to dismount the bottom container 500 out of the firearm, this latch 510 must be pressed against the action of the spring 512.

[0038] The bottom container 501 comprises in its rear part a rounded projection 502 that fits into the groove 103 in the top receiver 101 , and together with the spring- loaded latch 510 it ensures firm attachment of the bottom container 500 assembly to the top receiver 101. The projection 502 in the bottom container 501 allows partial rotation in the groove of the top receiver 103. To remove the bottom container 501 out of the firearm, the latch 510 is pressed first and then the front part of the bottom container 501 is tilted downwards from the top receiver 101. Subsequently, the bottom container 501 can be removed from the rear groove 103 of the top receiver 101. The bottom container 501 also comprises a trigger 503 guard that partly prevents inadvertent pressing of the trigger 541.

[0039] The bottom container 501 comprises a shaft 505 for a segmented magazine 600 (see Fig. 10), which is inserted from the front bottom side. To prevent the magazine 600 from spontaneously dropping out of the bottom container 501, the magazine 600 is fitted with a spring-loaded latch 520 of the magazine so that to remove the magazine 600, this latch 520 must be pressed first.

[0040] At its rear end, the breech 301 (see Fig. 11) is equipped with a pair of recoil springs 312 terminated with a brace 311. The recoil springs 312 are threaded on guide rods 320. in their front part, the guide rods 320 lead into guide holes 321 in the rear part of the breech 301. The rear part of the guide rods 320 is fixed in the brace 311. The brace 311 rests on the inner rear wail of the top receiver 101 , tending to push the breech 301 assembly towards the front position all the time. The top receiver 101 is open from the bottom side to enable insertion or removal of the breech 301 assembly.

[0041] The stock 400 is connected to the top receiver 101 at its bottom, open side by means of the front 108 and rear 109 connecting screws. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the stock 400 is integral and in this region, it is open upwards and downwards so that the breech 301 can be removed through it downwards. Another reason is to make it possible to insert the bottom container 501 into the stock 400 to connect this bottom container 501 to the top receiver 101 with the use of a connecting mechanism. In the embodiment shown, the standard stock 400 consists of a forend 401, pistol handle 402, buttstock 403, back 404 and boot 411.

[0042] The bottom container 501 comprises a breech catch mechanism that may be operated manually by means of control elements arranged along the sides outside the firearm. Or it may be operated automatically using the follower in the magazine 600. List of reference signs

[0043] 101 top receiver

[0044] 102 fixed daw

[0045] 103 groove 108 front connecting screw

[0046] 109 rear connecting screw

[0047] 201 barrel

[0048] 301 breech

[0049] 311 brace 312 recoil spring

[0050] 320 guide rod

[0051] 400 stock

[0052] 401 forend

[0053] 402 pistol handle 403 buttstock

[0054] 404 back

[0055] 411 boot

[0056] 501 bottom container

[0057] 502 projection 503 trigger guard

[0058] 505 magazine shaft

[0059] 510 latch

[0060] 511 spring-loaded claw

[0061] 512 latch spring 520 magazine latch

[0062] 541 trigger

[0063] 600 magazine

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS1, A long firearm, comprising a stock (400) that houses a top receiver (101 ), which is continued by a barrel (201), and in the top receiver (101), a breech (301) is arranged wherein the stock (400) is open under the top receiver (101) and a botom container (501) is attached to the top receiver (101), the bottom container (501) comprising a shaft (505) for a magazine (600) and a trigger mechanism with a trigger (541), characterized in that the bottom container (501) is connected to the top receiver (101 ) separably at one side by means of a projection (502) that fits into a groove (103) in the top receiver (101), and at the opposite side it is fixed by means of a combination of a fixed claw (102) and a spring-loaded daw (511 ).2, The long firearm according to claim 1. characterized by the fact that the fixed daw (102) is arranged on the top receiver (101) and the spring-loaded daw(511) on the bottom container (501).3, The long firearm according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the spring-loaded claw (511) is operable by means of a latch (510) on the bottom container (501 ).

4. Ths long firearm according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the fixed daw is arranged on the botom container (501) and the spring-loaded daw on the top receiver (101),

Images