Carrier aggregation (CA) optimization for carriers sharing low noise amplifier (LNA) / automatic gain control (AGC) front ends in a wireless communication network
By assigning component carriers to specific low noise amplifiers based on timing and power reports, network infrastructure optimizes carrier groupings, reducing interference and enhancing reception quality in wireless communication networks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/110830
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-12
AI Technical Summary
Wireless communication networks face challenges in reliably receiving signals from non-co-located antennas due to differences in timing and power levels, which can lead to interference and impaired reception.
Network infrastructure manages carrier groupings by using received timing difference and reference signal reception measurement reports to assign component carriers to specific low noise amplifiers, ensuring aligned timing and power levels for improved reception.
This approach reduces interference and enhances signal reception quality by optimizing carrier groupings based on timing and power differences, improving the overall performance of wireless communication systems.
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Figure CN2024110830_12022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
CARRIER AGGREGATION (CA) OPTIMIZATION FOR CARRIERS SHARING LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER (LNA) / AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL (AGC) FRONT ENDS IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKFIELD
[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication networks including techniques for managing systems and devices of wireless communication networks.BACKGROUND
[0002] The increased use of mobile applications has resulted in much focus on developing wireless systems capable of delivering large amounts of data at high speed. Data can be communicated using a plurality of component carriers (CCs) . However, such CCs may not be well aligned in timing or in power level. As one example, CCs from sites which are not co-located may differ in timing or in power level, complicating reliable reception.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0003] The present disclosure will be readily understood and enabled by the detailed description and accompanying figures of the drawings. Like reference numerals may designate like features and structural elements. Figures and corresponding descriptions are provided as non-limiting examples of aspects, implementations, etc., of the present disclosure, and references to "an" or “one” aspect, implementation, etc., may not necessarily refer to the same aspect, implementation, etc., and may mean at least one, one or more, etc.
[0004] Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating some aspects of a network according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0005] Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a plurality of carrier components before and after being assigned a first carrier grouping and a second carrier grouping based on a received timing difference report according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0006] Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a plurality of carrier components before and after being assigned a first carrier grouping and a second carrier grouping based on a reference signal reception measurement report according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0007] Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a receiver architecture comprising a low noise amplifier (LNA) and a plurality of automatic gain control (AGC) blocks according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0008] Fig. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a receiver architecture comprising a plurality of low noise amplifiers (LNAs) and a plurality of AGC blocks according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0009] Fig. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating a method according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0010] Fig. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method according to one or more implementation described herein.
[0011] Fig. 8 is a block diagram of some aspects of an exemplary frame, slot, and symbol structure of a CC according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0012] Fig. 9 is a block diagram of some aspects of components of an apparatus according to one or more implementations described herein.
[0013] Fig. 10 is a block diagram of example interfaces of baseband circuitry according to one or more implementations described herein.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar features, elements, operations, etc. Additionally, the present disclosure is not limited to the following description as other implementations may be utilized, and structural or logical changes made, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0015] Wireless communication networks may include network infrastructure, such as base stations (BSs) and other network nodes, capable of communicating wirelessly with user equipment (UE) , such as telephones and other wireless devices. These network elements, devices, and communications may implement different types of radio access technologies (RATs) , which may involve fourth generation (4G) or Long-Term Evolution (LTE) technology, fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) technology, sixth generation (6G) technology, and so on, of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . A fundamental aspect of implementing such technologies may include reception by a UE of wireless signals from network infrastructure.
[0016] A UE is not limited to receiving wireless signals from a single antenna of a base station (BS) or other network infrastructure. Rather, a UE may be called upon to receive wireless signals transmitted from a plurality of antennas of one or more base stations or other network infrastructure. The plurality of antennas may be located at different locations from each other. Different non-collocated antennas may provide wireless signals that differ in timing, power levels, or both. Reception of wireless signals of different timing, power levels, or both can pose challenges for a receiver, such as a receiver in a UE.
[0017] Network infrastructure can request information from a UE. As an example, network infrastructure can obtain a report of one or more received timing differences (RTDs) between different wireless signals being received by a UE. As another example, network infrastructure can obtain a reference signal reception measurement report from a UE. As an example, network infrastructure can obtain a report of reference signal received power (RSRP) or a report of reference signal received quality (RSRQ) from a UE. Based on a received timing difference (RTD) report and on the reference signal reception measurement report, the network infrastructure can match a first set of at least one first component carrier (CC) to a first carrier grouping to be processed by a first low noise amplifier (LNA) and can match a second set of at least one second CC to a second carrier grouping to be processed by a second LNA. The network infrastructure can provide for transmission, to the UE, indication information of the first carrier grouping and the second carrier grouping. The UE can use the indication information to configure its receiver circuitry to use a first LNA to receive the first set of the at least one first CC and to use a second LNA to receive the second set of the at least one second CC. Each LNA can then receive CCs well aligned in time and power.
[0018] The network infrastructure can comprise an apparatus. The apparatus may comprise a memory configured to store instructions and a processor. The processor can be coupled to the memory. The processor, when executing the instructions from the memory, can be configured to operate as described above and elsewhere herein.
[0019] Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating some aspects of a network according to one or more implementations described herein. Example network 100 may include UEs 110-1, 110-2, etc. (referred to collectively as “UEs 110” and individually as “UE 110” ) , a radio access network (RAN) 120, a core network (CN) 130, application servers 140, external networks 150, and satellites 160-1, 160-2, etc. (referred to collectively as “satellites 160” and individually as “satellite 160” ) . As shown, network 100 may include a non-terrestrial network (NTN) comprising one or more satellites 160 (e.g., of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) ) in communication with UEs 110 and RAN 120.
[0020] The systems and devices of example network 100 may operate in accordance with one or more communication standards, such as 2nd generation (2G) , 3rd generation (3G) , 4th generation (4G) (e.g., long-term evolution (LTE) ) , and / or 5th generation (5G) (e.g., new radio (NR) ) communication standards of the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more of the systems and devices of example network 100 may operate in accordance with other communication standards and protocols discussed herein, including future versions or generations of 3GPP standards (e.g., sixth generation (6G) standards, seventh generation (7G) standards, etc. ) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standards (e.g., wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN) , worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) , etc. ) , and more.
[0021] As shown, UEs 110 may include smartphones (e.g., handheld touchscreen mobile computing devices connectable to one or more wireless communication networks) . Additionally, or alternatively, UEs 110 may include other types of mobile or non-mobile computing devices capable of wireless communications, such as personal data assistants (PDAs) , pagers, laptop computers, desktop computers, wireless handsets, etc. In some implementations, UEs 110 may include internet of things (IoT) devices (or IoT UEs) that may comprise a network access layer designed for low-power IoT applications utilizing short-lived UE connections. Additionally, or alternatively, an IoT UE may utilize one or more types of technologies, such as machine-to-machine (M2M) communications or machine-type communications (MTC) (e.g., to exchanging data with an MTC server or other device via a public land mobile network (PLMN) ) , proximity-based service (ProSe) or device-to-device (D2D) communications, sensor networks, IoT networks, and more. Depending on the scenario, an M2M or MTC exchange of data may be a machine-initiated exchange, and an IoT network may include interconnecting IoT UEs (which may include uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices within an Internet infrastructure) with short-lived connections. In some scenarios, IoT UEs may execute background applications (e.g., keep-alive messages, status updates, etc. ) to facilitate the connections of the IoT network.
[0022] UEs 110 may communicate and establish a connection with (e.g., be communicatively coupled) with RAN 120, which may involve one or more wireless channels 114-1 and 114-2, each of which may comprise a physical communications interface / layer. In some implementations, a UE may be configured with dual connectivity (DC) as a multi-radio access technology (multi-RAT) or multi-radio dual connectivity (MR-DC) , where a multiple receive and transmit (Rx / Tx) capable UE may use resources provided by different network nodes (e.g., 122-1 and 122-2) that may be connected via non-ideal backhaul (e.g., where one network node provides NR access and the other network node provides either Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) for LTE or NR access for 5G) . In such a scenario, one network node may operate as a master node (MN) and the other as the secondary node (SN) . The MN and SN may be connected via a network interface, and at least the MN may be connected to the CN 130. Additionally, at least one of the MN or the SN may be operated with shared spectrum channel access, and functions specified for UE 110 can be used for an integrated access and backhaul mobile termination (IAB-MT) . Similar for UE 101, the IAB-MT may access the network using either one network node or using two different nodes with enhanced dual connectivity (EN-DC) architectures, new radio dual connectivity (NR-DC) architectures, or the like. In some implementations, a base station (as described herein) may be an example of network node, such as RAN node 122.
[0023] As shown, UE 110 may also, or alternatively, connect to access point (AP) 116 via connection interface 118, which may include an air interface enabling UE 110 to communicatively couple with AP 116. AP 116 may comprise a wireless local area network (WLAN) , WLAN node, WLAN termination point, etc. The connection interface 118 may comprise a local wireless connection, such as a connection consistent with any IEEE 702.11 protocol, and AP 116 may comprise a wireless fidelity router or other AP. While not explicitly depicted in Fig. 3, AP 116 may be connected to another network (e.g., the Internet) without connecting to RAN 120 or CN 130. In some scenarios, UE 110, RAN 120, and AP 116 may be configured to utilize LTE-WLAN aggregation (LWA) techniques or LTE WLAN radio level integration with IPsec tunnel (LWIP) techniques. LWA may involve UE 110 in RRC_CONNECTED (wherein RRC refers to Radio Resource Control) being configured by RAN 120 to utilize radio resources of LTE and WLAN. LWIP may involve UE 110 using WLAN radio resources (e.g., connection interface 118) via IPsec protocol tunneling to authenticate and encrypt packets (e.g., Internet Protocol (IP) packets) communicated via connection interface 118. IPsec tunneling may include encapsulating the entirety of original IP packets and adding a new packet header, thereby protecting the original header of the IP packets.
[0024] RAN 120 may include one or more RAN nodes 122-1 and 122-2 (referred to collectively as RAN nodes 122, and individually as RAN node 122) that enable channels 114-1 and 114-2 to be established between UEs 110 and RAN 120. RAN nodes 122 may include network access points configured to provide radio baseband functions for data and / or voice connectivity between users and the network based on one or more of the communication technologies described herein (e.g., 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, WiFi, etc. ) . As examples therefore, a RAN node may be an E-UTRAN Node B (e.g., an enhanced Node B, eNodeB, eNB, 4G base station, etc. ) , a next generation (NG) base station (e.g., a 5G base station, NR base station, next generation eNBs (gNB) , etc. ) . RAN nodes 122 may include a roadside unit (RSU) , a transmission reception point (TRxP or TRP) , and one or more other types of ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) . In some scenarios, RAN node 122 may be a dedicated physical device, such as a macrocell base station, and / or a low power (LP) base station for providing femtocells, picocells or other like having smaller coverage areas, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth compared to macrocells. As described below, in some implementations, satellites 160 may operate as base stations (e.g., RAN nodes 122) with respect to UEs 110. As such, references herein to a base station, RAN node 122, etc., may involve implementations where the base station, RAN node 122, etc., is a terrestrial network node and also to implementation where the base station, RAN node 122, etc., is a non-terrestrial network node (e.g., satellite 160) .
[0025] Some or all of RAN nodes 122 may be implemented as one or more software entities running on server computers as part of a virtual network, which may be referred to as a centralized RAN (CRAN) and / or a virtual baseband unit pool (vBBUP) . In these implementations, the CRAN or vBBUP may implement a RAN function split, such as a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) split wherein radio resource control (RRC) and PDCP layers may be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and other Layer 2 (L2) protocol entities may be operated by individual RAN nodes 122; a media access control (MAC) / physical (PHY) layer split wherein RRC, PDCP, radio link control (RLC) , and MAC layers may be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and the PHY layer may be operated by individual RAN nodes 122; or a “lower PHY” split wherein RRC, PDCP, RLC, MAC layers and upper portions of the PHY layer may be operated by the CRAN / vBBUP and lower portions of the PHY layer may be operated by individual RAN nodes 122. This virtualized framework may allow freed-up processor cores of RAN nodes 122 to perform or execute other virtualized applications.
[0026] In some implementations, an individual RAN node 122 may represent individual gNB-distributed units (DUs) connected to a gNB-control unit (CU) via individual F1 interfaces. In such implementations, the gNB-DUs may include one or more remote radio heads or radio frequency (RF) front end modules (RFEMs) , and the gNB-CU may be operated by a server (not shown) located in RAN 120 or by a server pool (e.g., a group of servers configured to share resources) in a similar manner as the CRAN / vBBUP. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more of RAN nodes 122 may be next generation eNBs (i.e., gNBs) that may provide evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward UEs 110, and that may be connected to a 5G core network (5GC) 130 via a next generation core (NGC) interface.
[0027] Any of the RAN nodes 122 may terminate an air interface protocol and may be the first point of contact for UEs 110. In some implementations, any of the RAN nodes 122 may fulfill various logical functions for the RAN 120 including, but not limited to, radio network controller (RNC) functions such as radio bearer management, uplink and downlink dynamic radio resource management and data packet scheduling, and mobility management. UEs 110 may be configured to communicate using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication signals with each other or with any of the RAN nodes 122 over a multicarrier communication channel in accordance with various communication techniques, such as, but not limited to, an orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access (OFDMA) communication technique (e.g., for downlink communications) or a single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) communication technique (e.g., for uplink and ProSe or sidelink (SL) communications) , although the scope of such implementations may not be limited in this regard. The OFDM signals may comprise a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers.
[0028] In some implementations, a downlink resource grid may be used for downlink transmissions from any of the RAN nodes 122 to UEs 110, and uplink transmissions may utilize similar techniques. The grid may be a time-frequency grid (e.g., a resource grid or time-frequency resource grid) that represents the physical resource for downlink in each slot. Such a time-frequency plane representation is a common practice for OFDM systems, which makes it intuitive for radio resource allocation. Each column and each row of the resource grid corresponds to one OFDM symbol and one OFDM subcarrier, respectively. The duration of the resource grid in the time domain corresponds to one slot in a radio frame. The smallest time-frequency unit in a resource grid is denoted as a resource element. Each resource grid comprises resource blocks, which describe the mapping of certain physical channels to resource elements. Each resource block may comprise a collection of resource elements (REs) ; in the frequency domain, this may represent the smallest quantity of resources that currently may be allocated. There are several different physical downlink channels that are conveyed using such resource blocks.
[0029] Further, RAN nodes 122 may be configured to wirelessly communicate with UEs 110, and / or one another, over a licensed medium (also referred to as the “licensed spectrum” and / or the “licensed band” ) , an unlicensed shared medium (also referred to as the “unlicensed spectrum” and / or the “unlicensed band” ) , or combination thereof. A licensed spectrum may include channels that operate in the frequency range of approximately 400 MHz to approximately 3.8 GHz, whereas the unlicensed spectrum may include the 5 GHz band. A licensed spectrum may correspond to channels or frequency bands selected, reserved, regulated, etc., for certain types of wireless activity (e.g., wireless telecommunication network activity) , whereas an unlicensed spectrum may correspond to one or more frequency bands that are not restricted for certain types of wireless activity. Whether a particular frequency band corresponds to a licensed medium or an unlicensed medium may depend on one or more factors, such as frequency allocations determined by a public-sector organization (e.g., a government agency, regulatory body, etc. ) or frequency allocations determined by a private-sector organization involved in developing wireless communication standards and protocols, etc.
[0030] To operate in the unlicensed spectrum, UEs 110 and the RAN nodes 122 may operate using licensed assisted access (LAA) , eLAA, and / or feLAA mechanisms. In these implementations, UEs 110 and the RAN nodes 122 may perform one or more known medium-sensing operations or carrier-sensing operations in order to determine whether one or more channels in the unlicensed spectrum is unavailable or otherwise occupied prior to transmitting in the unlicensed spectrum. The medium / carrier sensing operations may be performed according to a listen-before-talk (LBT) protocol.
[0031] The LAA mechanisms may be built upon carrier aggregation (CA) technologies of LTE-Advanced systems. In CA, each aggregated carrier is referred to as a component carrier (CC) . In some cases, individual CCs may have a different bandwidth than other CCs. In time division duplex (TDD) systems, the number of CCs as well as the bandwidths of each CC may be the same for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) . CA also comprises individual serving cells to provide individual CCs. The coverage of the serving cells may differ, for example, because CCs on different frequency bands will experience different pathloss. A primary service cell or PCell may provide a primary component carrier (PCC) for both UL and DL, and may handle RRC and non-access stratum (NAS) related activities. The other serving cells are referred to as SCells, and each SCell may provide an individual secondary component carrier (SCC) for both UL and DL. The SCCs may be added and removed as required, while changing the PCC may require UE 110 to undergo a handover. In LAA, eLAA, and feLAA, some or all of the SCells may operate in the unlicensed spectrum (referred to as “LAA SCells” ) , and the LAA SCells are assisted by a PCell operating in the licensed spectrum. When a UE is configured with more than one LAA SCell, the UE may receive UL grants on the configured LAA SCells indicating different physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) starting positions within a same subframe.
[0032] The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) may carry user data and higher layer signaling to UEs 110. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) may carry information about the transport format and resource allocations related to the PDSCH channel, among other things. The PDCCH may also inform UEs 110 about the transport format, resource allocation, and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information related to the uplink shared channel. Typically, downlink scheduling (e.g., assigning control and shared channel resource blocks to UE 110-2 within a cell) may be performed at any of the RAN nodes 122 based on channel quality information fed back from any of UEs 110. The downlink resource assignment information may be sent on the PDCCH used for (e.g., assigned to) each of UEs 110.
[0033] The PDCCH uses control channel elements (CCEs) to convey the control information, wherein a number of CCEs (e.g., 6 or the like) may consists of a resource element groups (REGs) , where a REG is defined as a physical resource block (PRB) in an OFDM symbol. Before being mapped to resource elements, the PDCCH complex-valued symbols may first be organized into quadruplets, which may then be permuted using a sub-block interleaver for rate matching, for example. Each PDCCH may be transmitted using one or more of these CCEs, where each CCE may correspond to nine sets of four physical resource elements known as REGs. Four quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) symbols may be mapped to each REG. The PDCCH may be transmitted using one or more CCEs, depending on the size of the downlink control information (DCI) and the channel condition. There may be four or more different PDCCH formats defined in LTE with different numbers of CCEs (e.g., aggregation level, L=1, 2, 4, 8, or 16) .
[0034] Some implementations may use concepts for resource allocation for control channel information that are an extension of the above-described concepts. For example, some implementations may utilize an extended PDCCH (EPDCCH) that uses PDSCH resources for control information transmission. The EPDCCH may be transmitted using one or more enhanced channel control elements (ECCEs) . Similar to the above, each ECCE may correspond to nine sets of four physical resource elements known as an enhanced resource element groups (EREGs) . An ECCE may have other numbers of EREGs in some situations.
[0035] The RAN nodes 122 may be configured to communicate with one another via interface 123. In implementations where the system is an LTE system, interface 123 may be an X2 interface. The X2 interface may be defined between two or more RAN nodes 122 (e.g., two or more eNBs / gNBs or a combination thereof) that connect to evolved packet core (EPC) or CN 130, or between two eNBs connecting to an EPC. In some implementations, the X2 interface may include an X2 user plane interface (X2-U) and an X2 control plane interface (X2-C) . The X2-U may provide flow control mechanisms for user data packets transferred over the X2 interface and may be used to communicate information about the delivery of user data between eNBs or gNBs. For example, the X2-U may provide specific sequence number information for user data transferred from a master eNB (MeNB) to a secondary eNB (SeNB) ; information about successful in sequence delivery of PDCP packet data units (PDUs) to a UE 110 from an SeNB for user data; information of PDCP PDUs that were not delivered to a UE 110; information about a current minimum desired buffer size at the SeNB for transmitting to the UE user data; and the like. The X2-C may provide intra-LTE access mobility functionality (e.g., including context transfers from source to target eNBs, user plane transport control, etc. ) , load management functionality, and inter-cell interference coordination functionality.
[0036] As shown, RAN 120 may be connected (e.g., communicatively coupled) to CN 130. CN 130 may comprise a plurality of network elements 132, which are configured to offer various data and telecommunications services to customers / subscribers (e.g., users of UEs 110) who are connected to the CN 130 via the RAN 120. In some implementations, CN 130 may include an evolved packet core (EPC) , a 5G CN, and / or one or more additional or alternative types of CNs. The components of the CN 130 may be implemented in one physical node or separate physical nodes including components to read and execute instructions from a machine-readable or computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium) . In some implementations, network function virtualization (NFV) may be utilized to virtualize any or all the above-described network node roles or functions via executable instructions stored in one or more computer-readable storage mediums (described in further detail below) . A logical instantiation of the CN 130 may be referred to as a network slice, and a logical instantiation of a portion of the CN 130 may be referred to as a network sub-slice. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architectures and infrastructures may be used to virtualize one or more network functions, alternatively performed by proprietary hardware, onto physical resources comprising a combination of industry-standard server hardware, storage hardware, or switches. In other words, NFV systems may be used to execute virtual or reconfigurable implementations of one or more EPC components / functions.
[0037] As shown, CN 130, application servers 140, and external networks 150 may be connected to one another via interfaces 134, 136, and 138, which may include IP network interfaces. Application servers 140 may include one or more server devices or network elements (e.g., virtual network functions (VNFs) offering applications that use IP bearer resources with CN 130 (e.g., universal mobile telecommunications system packet services (UMTS PS) domain, LTE PS data services, etc. ) . Application servers 140 may also, or alternatively, be configured to support one or more communication services (e.g., voice over IP (VoIP sessions, push-to-talk (PTT) sessions, group communication sessions, social networking services, etc. ) for UEs 110 via the CN 130. Similarly, external networks 150 may include one or more of a variety of networks, including the Internet, thereby providing the mobile communication network and UEs 110 of the network access to a variety of additional services, information, interconnectivity, and other network features.
[0038] As shown, example network 100 may include an NTN that may comprise one or more satellites 160-1 and 160-2 (collectively, “satellites 160” ) . Satellites 160 may be in communication with UEs 110 via service link or wireless interface 162 and / or RAN 120 via feeder links or wireless interfaces 164 (depicted individually as 164-1 and 164) . In some implementations, satellite 160 may operate as a passive or transparent network relay node regarding communications between UE 110 and the terrestrial network (e.g., RAN 120) . In some implementations, satellite 160 may operate as an active or regenerative network node such that satellite 160 may operate as a base station to UEs 110 (e.g., as a gNB of RAN 120) regarding communications between UE 110 and RAN 120. In some implementations, satellites 160 may communicate with one another via a direct wireless interface (e.g., 166) or an indirect wireless interface (e.g., via RAN 120 using interfaces 164-1 and 164-2) .
[0039] Additionally, or alternatively, satellite 160 may include a geosynchronous-earth-orbit (GEO) satellite, low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite, or another type of satellite. Satellite 160 may also, or alternatively pertain to one or more satellite systems or architectures, such as a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) , global positioning system (GPS) , global navigation satellite system (GLONASS) , BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) , etc. In some implementations, satellites 160 may operate as bases stations (e.g., RAN nodes 122) with respect to UEs 110. As such, references herein to a base station, RAN node 122, etc., may involve implementations where the base station, RAN node 122, etc., is a terrestrial network node and implementation, where the base station, RAN node 122, etc., is a non-terrestrial network node (e.g., satellite 160) .
[0040] Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating associations 200 of a plurality of CCs to a plurality of LNAs before and after being assigned a first carrier grouping and a second carrier grouping based on a received timing difference report according to one or more implementations described herein. According to associations 200, an upper portion of Fig. 2 illustrates CC 201 and CC 202 associated with LNA 291 and CC 203 and CC 204 associated with LNA 292 in a disorganized manner (e.g., before or in absence of assignment of CCs to a first carrier grouping and a second carrier grouping based on criteria described herein) . According to associations 200, a lower portion of Fig. 2 illustrates CC 201 and CC 204 associated with LNA 291and CC 202 and CC 203 associated with LNA 292 in an organized manner (e.g., after assignment of CCs to a first carrier grouping and a second carrier grouping based on criteria described herein) .
[0041] CC 201 comprises cyclic prefix (CP) 211, data payload 212, CP 213, data payload 214, CP 215, data payload 216, CP 217, and data payload 218. CC 202 comprises cyclic prefix (CP) 221, data payload 222, CP 223, data payload 224, CP 225, data payload 226, CP 227, and data payload 228. CC 203 comprises cyclic prefix (CP) 231, data payload 232, CP 233, data payload 234, CP 235, data payload 236, CP 237, and data payload 238. CC 204 comprises cyclic prefix (CP) 241, data payload 242, CP 243, data payload 244, CP 245, data payload 246, CP 247, and data payload 248.
[0042] The timings of CC 201, CC 202, CC 203, and CC 204 are shown as they might occur at a location of a receiver. If, for example, at least one of CC 201, CC 202, CC 203, and CC 204 originates from a second transmit antenna, which may be at a second transmit location, rather than from a first transmit antenna at a first transmit location for at least one other of CC 201, CC 202, CC 203, and CC 204, a difference in propagation delay among CC 201, CC 202, CC 203, and CC 204 may result in the reception timings shown in Fig. 2. Accordingly, CC 201, CC 202, CC 203, and CC 204 may have different relative transmission timings than the reception timings depicted in Fig. 2. Also, phenomena such as multipath propagation may affect propagation delay differently among different ones of CC 201, CC 202, CC 203, and CC 204, which may also affect how reception timings shown in Fig. 2 occur in relation to different relative transmission timings.
[0043] As shown in the upper portion of Fig. 2, CC 201 precedes CC 202, CC 203, and CC 204 in timing, CC 204 precedes CC 202 and CC 203 in timing, and CC 202 precedes CC 203 in timing. As a further example, CC 201 precedes CC 202 by more than the duration of CP 211 of CC 201. Accordingly, CP 221 of CC 202 arrives at a receiver as data payload 212 of CC 201 is arriving at the receiver. If CC 201 and CC 202 were associated with LNA 291, a combination of different types of signals (e.g., CP 221 of CC 202 and data payload 212 of CP 211) at the same time could impair reception of at least one of CC 201 and CC 202 (e.g., one or more symbols of data payload 212 could be degraded by the simultaneous attempted reception of CP 221 via the same LNA, LNA 291) . As another example, CC 204 precedes CC 203 by more than the duration of CP 241 of CC 204. Accordingly, CP 231 of CC 203 arrives at a receiver as data payload 242 of CC 204 is arriving at the receiver. If CC 203 and CC 204 were associated with LNA 292, a combination of different types of signals (e.g., CP 231 of CC 203 and data payload 242 of CC 204) at the same time could impair reception of at least one of CC 203 and CC 204 (e.g., one or more symbols of data payload 242 could be degraded by the simultaneous attempted reception of CP 231 via the same LNA, LNA 292) .
[0044] A RTD report can be obtained from a receiver (e.g., a receiver at a UE) . Based on the RTD report, which can indicate differences in the received timings of CCs, such as CC 201, CC 202, CC 203, and CC 204, CCs with similar receive timings among themselves can be assigned to a first carrier group, and CCs with similar receive timings among themselves can be assigned to a second carrier group. As shown in the lower portion of Fig. 2, by assigning CC 201 and CC 204 to a first carrier group, wherein the CCs in the first carrier group are to be received using LNA 291, and assigning CC 202 and CC 203 to a second carrier group, wherein the CCs in the second carrier group are to be received using LNA 292, interference among a plurality of CCs being received by a LNA can be reduced or avoided. As shown, CP 241 of CC 204 begins within the duration of CP 211 of CC 201. Thus, CP 241 of CC 204 at least partially overlaps with CP 211 of CC 201. As shown, CP 231 of CC 203 begins within the duration of CP 221 of CC 202. Thus, CP 231 of CC 203 at least partially overlaps with CP 221 of CC 202.
[0045] To the extent that a portion of one CC’s CP (e.g., CP 241 of CC 204) may slightly overlap with another CC’s data portion (e.g., data portion 212 of CC 201) , a channel associated with a CC may be configured provide a guard time before, after, or both before and after a CP. As an example, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) associated with CC 201 may be scheduled as a restricted PDSCH. A restricted PDSCH can have a first symbol, a last symbol, or both a first and a last symbol designated to be unused for communication of a data payload. For example, if the data payload were to otherwise comprise 14 symbols, numbered zero through 13, a restricted PDSCH could be scheduled to leave the zeroth (sym0) and thirteenth (sym13) symbols unused, where sym0 is the first (e.g., beginning) symbol and sym13 is the last (e.g., ending) symbol of the data payload, leaving the data payload to communicate only 12 symbols. Effective lengthening of a CP can provide an extended CP. An extended CP can expand the range of RTDs that can be accommodated.
[0046] Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating associations 300 of a plurality of CCs to a plurality of LNAs before and after being assigned a first carrier grouping and a second carrier grouping based on a reference signal reception measurement report according to one or more implementations described herein. According to associations 300, an upper portion of Fig. 3 illustrates CC 301 and CC 302 associated with LNA 291 and CC 303 and CC 304 associated with LNA 292 in a disorganized manner (e.g., before or in absence of assignment of CCs to a first carrier grouping and a second carrier grouping based on criteria described herein) . According to associations 300, a lower portion of Fig. 3 illustrates CC 301 and CC 303 associated with LNA 291 and CC 304 and CC 302 associated with LNA 292 in an organized manner (e.g., after assignment of CCs to a first carrier grouping and a second carrier grouping based on criteria described herein) .
[0047] CC 301 comprises cyclic prefix (CP) 311, data payload 212, CP 313, data payload 314, CP 315, data payload 316, CP 317, and data payload 318. CC 302 comprises cyclic prefix (CP) 321, data payload 322, CP 323, data payload 324, CP 325, data payload 326, CP 327, and data payload 328. CC 303 comprises cyclic prefix (CP) 331, data payload 332, CP 333, data payload 334, CP 335, data payload 336, CP 337, and data payload 338. CP 314 comprises cyclic prefix (CP) 341, data payload 342, CP 343, data payload 344, CP 345, data payload 346, CP 347, and data payload 348.
[0048] The power levels of CC 301, CC 302, CC 303, and CC 304 are shown as they might occur at a location of a receiver. As examples, the power levels are shown relative to a reference power level S, with CC 301 having a power level S, CC 302 having a power level S minus 25 decibels (dB) , CC 303 having a power level S minus 3 dB, and CC 304 having a power level S minus 22 dB If, for example, at least one of CC 301, CC 302, CC 303, and CC 304 originates from a second transmit antenna, which may be at a second transmit location, than a first transmit antenna at a first transmit location for at least one other of CC 301, CC 302, CC 303, and CC 304, a difference in transmit power output levels, antenna gain values or directions, or environmental interactions (e.g., reflections, interactions with parasitic or intentional antenna director or reflector elements, etc. ) among CC 301, CC 302, CC 303, and CC 304 may result in the difference of power levels shown in Fig. 3. Accordingly, CC 301, CC 302, CC 303, and CC 304 may have different relative transmission power levels than the reception power levels depicted in Fig. 3.
[0049] As shown in the upper portion of Fig. 3, CC 301 has a higher power level than CC 302, CC 303, and CC 304, CC 303 has a higher power level than CC 302 and CC 304, and CC 304 has a higher power level than CC 302. While a LNA can accommodate CCs over a range of power levels, a difference in power levels among CCs that exceeds a threshold could impair reception. As examples, values of a threshold in excess of which differences in power levels among CCs could impair reception include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 dB. In accordance with the illustrated example of CC 301 having a power level 25 dB greater than the power level of CC 302 and CC 303 having a power level 19 dB greater than the power level of CC 304, an association of CC 301 and CC 302 with LNA 291 and CC 303 and CC 304 with LNA 292 could result in low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) or distortion (e.g., clipping) during attempted reception of the CCs.
[0050] A reference signal reception measurement report can be obtained from a receiver (e.g., a receiver at a UE) . As an example, a reference signal reception measurement report may be a reference signal received power (RSRP) report. As another example, a reference signal reception measurement report may be a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) report. Based on the reference signal reception measurement report, which can indicate differences in the received power levels or signal qualities of CCs, such as CC 301, CC 302, CC 303, and CC 304, CCs with similar receive power levels or qualities among themselves can be assigned to a first carrier group, and CCs with similar receive power levels or qualities among themselves can be assigned to a second carrier group.
[0051] As shown in the lower portion of Fig. 3, by assigning CC 301 and CC 303 to a first carrier group, wherein the CCs in the first carrier group are to be received using LNA 291, and assigning CC 304 and CC 302 to a second carrier group, wherein the CCs in the second carrier group are to be received using LNA 292, low SNR or distortion among a plurality of CCs being received by a LNA can be reduced or avoided.
[0052] Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a receiver architecture comprising a low noise amplifier (LNA) and a plurality of automatic gain control (AGC) blocks according to one or more implementations described herein. A receiver system 400 comprises antenna 471, band filter 472, LNA 473, local oscillator (LO) 474, mixer 475, LO 476, mixer 477, LO 478, mixer 479, LO 480, mixer 481, filter 482, filter 483, filter 484, filter 485, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 486, ADC 487, ADC 488, and ADC 489. Antenna 471 provides a receive signal to band filter 472. Band filter 472 may comprise, for example, one or more stages implementing a bandpass filter, a band reject filter, a lowpass filter, or a highpass filter. Band filter 472 provides a filtered receive signal to LNA 473. LNA 473 provides gain, providing an amplified filtered receive signal to a plurality of mixers, for example, mixers 475, 477, 479, and 481. LNA 473 may be coupled to the plurality of mixers via a splitter, which may be implemented, for example, by controlled impedances of interconnecting transmission lines or, for example, by a splitter component, such as a multicoupler. Local oscillators (LOs) 474, 476, 478, and 480 are connected to mixers 475, 477, 479, and 481, respectively. Each LO provides a continuous-wave (CW) signal of a frequency arithmetically related to the input frequency (e.g., radio frequency (RF) ) and the output frequency (e.g., intermediate frequency (IF) ) of the mixer to which it is connected. Accordingly, mixers 475, 477, 479, and 481 provide downconverted signals at their respective intermediate frequencies (IFs) based on the amplified filtered receive signal from LNA 473. Downconversion refers to the shifting in frequency provided by a mixer.
[0053] Mixer 475 provides its downconverted signal to filter 482. Mixer 477 provides its downconverted signal to filter 483. Mixer 479 provides its downconverted signal to filter 484. Mixer 481 provides its downconverted signal to filter 485. Filters 482, 483, 484, and 485 may, for example, be lowpass, highpass, bandpass, or band reject filters or a combination thereof. As an example, a lowpass filter may be used to reject images at higher harmonics, leaving a downconverted signal at the desired IF free of any unattenuated undesired mixing products. Filter 482 provides a filtered downconverted signal to ADC 486. Filter 483 provides a filtered downconverted signal to ADC 487. Filter 484 provides a filtered downconverted signal to ADC 488. Filter 485 provides a filtered downconverted signal to ADC 489.
[0054] CC signal level 401, CC signal level 402, CC signal level 403, and CC signal level 404 are shown as representing the signal levels of CC signals impinging upon antenna 471. CC signal level 411, CC signal level 412, CC signal level 413, and CC signal level 414 are shown as representing signal levels of CC signals of the amplified filtered receive signal at the output of LNA 473.
[0055] CC signal level 431, CC signal level 432, CC signal level 433, and CC signal level 434 are shown as representing the signal levels of CC signals of the filtered downconverted signal at the output of filter 482. As can be seen, the mixing and filtering has selectively provided a first CC signal at CC signal level 431 while practically eliminating CC signal levels 432, 433, and 434. CC signal level 441, CC signal level 442, CC signal level 443, and CC signal level 444 are shown as representing the signal levels of CC signals of the filtered downconverted signal at the output of filter 483. As can be seen, the mixing and filtering has selectively provided a second CC signal at CC signal level 442 while practically eliminating CC signal levels 441, 443, and 444. CC signal level 451, CC signal level 452, CC signal level 453, and CC signal level 454 are shown as representing the signal levels of CC signals of the filtered downconverted signal at the output of filter 484. As can be seen, the mixing and filtering has selectively provided a third CC signal at CC signal level 453 while practically eliminating CC signal levels 451, 452, and 454. CC signal level 461, CC signal level 462, CC signal level 463, and CC signal level 464 are shown as representing the signal levels of CC signals of the filtered downconverted signal at the output of filter 485. As can be seen, the mixing and filtering has selectively provided a fourth CC signal at CC signal level 464 while practically eliminating CC signal levels 461, 462, and 463.
[0056] Fig. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a receiver architecture comprising a plurality of low noise amplifiers (LNAs) and a plurality of AGC blocks according to one or more implementations described herein. A receiver system 500 comprises antenna 471, band filter 472, LNA 473, LNA 573, local oscillator (LO) 474, mixer 475, LO 476, mixer 477, LO 478, mixer 479, LO 480, mixer 481, filter 482, filter 483, filter 484, filter 485, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 486, ADC 487, ADC 488, and ADC 489. Antenna 471 provides a receive signal to band filter 472. Band filter 472 may comprise, for example, one or more stages implementing a bandpass filter, a band reject filter, a lowpass filter, or a highpass filter. Band filter 472 provides a filtered receive signal to LNA 473 and to LNA 573. LNA 473 provides gain, providing an amplified filtered receive signal to a plurality of mixers, for example, mixers 475 and 477. LNA 573 provides gain, providing an amplified filtered receive signal to a plurality of mixers, for example, mixers 479 and 481. Band filter 472 may be coupled to LNA 473 and to LNA 573, for example, by a splitter. LNA 473 may be coupled to mixers 475 and 477, for example, by a splitter. LNA 573 may be coupled to mixers 479 and 481, for example, by a splitter. Local oscillators (LOs) 474, 476, 478, and 480, filters 482, 483, 484, and 485, and ADCs 486, 487, 488, and 489 are as described with respect to Fig. 4.
[0057] CC signal level 401, CC signal level 402, CC signal level 403, and CC signal level 404 are shown as representing the signal levels of CC signals impinging upon antenna 471. CC signal level 511, CC signal level 512, CC signal level 513, and CC signal level 514 are shown as representing signal levels of CC signals of the amplified filtered receive signal at the output of LNA 473. CC signal level 521, CC signal level 522, CC signal level 523, and CC signal level 524 are shown as representing signal levels of CC signals of the amplified filtered receive signal at the output of LNA 573.
[0058] CC signal level 531, CC signal level 532, CC signal level 533, and CC signal level 534 are shown as representing the signal levels of CC signals of the filtered downconverted signal at the output of filter 482. As can be seen, the mixing and filtering has selectively provided a first CC signal at CC signal level 531 while practically eliminating CC signal levels 532, 533, and 534. CC signal level 541, CC signal level 542, CC signal level 543, and CC signal level 544 are shown as representing the signal levels of CC signals of the filtered downconverted signal at the output of filter 483. As can be seen, the mixing and filtering has selectively provided a second CC signal at CC signal level 542 while practically eliminating CC signal levels 541, 543, and 544. CC signal level 551, CC signal level 552, CC signal level 553, and CC signal level 554 are shown as representing the signal levels of CC signals of the filtered downconverted signal at the output of filter 484. As can be seen, the mixing and filtering has selectively provided a third CC signal at CC signal level 553 while practically eliminating CC signal levels 551, 552, and 554. CC signal level 561, CC signal level 562, CC signal level 563, and CC signal level 564 are shown as representing the signal levels of CC signals of the filtered downconverted signal at the output of filter 485. As can be seen, the mixing and filtering has selectively provided a fourth CC signal at CC signal level 564 while practically eliminating CC signal levels 561, 562, and 563.
[0059] Fig. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating a method according to one or more implementations described herein. Method 600 comprises blocks 601, 602, 603, 604, and 605. At block 601, a RTD report is received from a UE. At block 602, a reference signal reception measurement report is received from a UE. At block 603, a first set of at least one first CC is matched to a first carrier grouping to be processed by a first LNA and a second set of at least one second CC is matched to a second carrier grouping to be processed by a second LNA based on the RTD report and on the reference signal reception measurement report. At block 604, indication information of the first carrier grouping and the second carrier grouping is provided for transmission to the UE. At block 605, a PDSCH is scheduled as either a restricted PDSCH or a full range PDSCH on each of the at least one first CC and the at least one second CC.
[0060] Fig. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method according to one or more implementation described herein. Method 700 comprises blocks 701, 702, 703, and 704. At block 701, a RTD report is received from a UE. At block 702, a reference signal reception measurement report is received from a UE. At block 703, for a first CC, a second CC, and a third CC, wherein the RTD report indicates the first CC and the third CC are in closer temporal alignment with each other than the first CC is with the second CC and the second CC is with the third CC, and where the reference signal reception measurement report indicates the first CC and third CC are closer in received power or received quality with each other than the first CC is with the second CC and the second CC is with the third CC, the first CC and the third CC are matched to a first carrier grouping to be processed by a first LNA and the second CC is matched to a second carrier grouping to be processed by a second LNA. At block 704, a notification is generated for transmission to a UE as to the CCs assigned to the first carrier grouping and the CCs assigned to the second carrier grouping. The UE is notified of the first carrier grouping and the second carrier grouping.
[0061] Fig. 8 is a block diagram of some aspects of an exemplary frame, slot, and symbol structure of a CC according to one or more implementations described herein. As an example, a frame comprises a plurality (e.g., two) of half frames. As an example, a half frame 887 comprises a plurality of subframes (e.g., subframes 883, 884, 885, and 886) . As an example, a subframe comprises a plurality of slots (e.g., slot 881 and slot 882) . A slot comprises a CP and a plurality of symbols. As an example, slot 881 comprises CP 801 and symbols 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814, and 815. As another example, slot 882, comprises CP 821 and symbols 822, 823, 824, 825, 826, 827, 828, 829, 830, 831, 832, 833, 834, and 835. Slot 882 immediately follows slot 881 in a first CC. Also shown are two adjacent slots of a second CC, with the first slot comprising CP 841 and symbols 842, 843, 844, 845, 846, 847, 848, 849, 850, 851, 852, 853, 854, and 855 and the second slot comprising CP 861 and symbols 862, 863, 864, 865, 866, 867, 868, 869, 870, 871, 872, 873, 874, and 875.
[0062] As shown, a RTD between the slots of the first CC and the second CC is greater than a duration of CP 841 of the second CC, resulting in CP 801 of the first CC occurring during one or more symbols (e.g., symbol 842) of the second CC. As shown by crosshatching, no symbols of a data payload are sent during CP 801 of slot 881 or during CP 821 of slot 882. As further shown by crosshatching, no symbols of a data payload are sent during CP 841 or during the symbol locations corresponding to symbols 842 and 855 of the first slot of the second CC or during CP 861 or during the symbol locations corresponding to symbols 862 and 875 of the second slot of the second CC. As can be seen by the continuous duration of the extended CP at the end of the first slot of the second CC and the beginning of the second slot of the second CC, the absence of symbol transmission for the duration of the symbol location for symbol 855 concatenated with the duration of CP 861 concatenated with the duration of the symbol location for symbol 862 provides a wider range over which interference with the first CC is reduced or avoided, allowing for a wider range of RTDs to be accommodated between CCs.
[0063] Fig. 9 is a block diagram of some aspects of components of an apparatus according to one or more implementations described herein. A device 900 can include application circuitry 902, baseband circuitry 904, RF circuitry 906, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 908, one or more antennas 910, and power management circuitry (PMC) 912 coupled together at least as shown. The components of the illustrated device 900 can be included in a UE or a RAN node. In some implementations, the device 900 can include fewer elements (e.g., a RAN node may not utilize application circuitry 902, and instead include a processor / controller to process IP data received from a CN such as a 5GC or an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) ) . In some implementations, the device 900 can include additional elements such as, for example, memory / storage, display, camera, sensor (including one or more temperature sensors, such as a single temperature sensor, a plurality of temperature sensors at different locations in device 900, etc. ) , or input / output (I / O) interface. In other implementations, the components described below can be included in more than one device (e.g., said circuitries can be separately included in more than one device for Cloud-RAN (C-RAN) implementations) .
[0064] The application circuitry 902 can include one or more application processors. For example, the application circuitry 902 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor (s) can include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc. ) . The processors can be coupled with or can include memory / storage and can be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory / storage to enable various applications or operating systems to run on the device 900. In some implementations, processors of application circuitry 902 can process IP data packets received from an EPC.
[0065] The baseband circuitry 904 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The baseband circuitry 904 can include one or more baseband processors or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 906 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 906. Baseband circuitry 904 can interface with the application circuitry 902 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 906. For example, in some implementations, the baseband circuitry 904 can include a 3G baseband processor 904A, a 4G baseband processor 904B, a 5G baseband processor 904C, or other baseband processor (s) 904D for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., 2G, 6G, etc. ) . The baseband circuitry 904 (e.g., one or more of baseband processors 904A-D) can handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry 906. In other implementations, some or all of the functionality of baseband processors 904A-D can be included in modules stored in the memory 904G and executed via a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 904E. The radio control functions can include, but are not limited to, signal modulation / demodulation, encoding / decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. In some implementations, modulation / demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 904 can include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT) , precoding, or constellation mapping / de-mapping functionality. In some implementations, encoding / decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 904 can include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, or Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder / decoder functionality. Implementations of modulation / demodulation and encoder / decoder functionality are not limited to these examples and can include other suitable functionality in other implementations.
[0066] In some implementations, the baseband circuitry 904 can include one or more audio digital signal processor (s) (DSP) 904F. The audio DSPs 904F can include elements for compression / decompression and echo cancellation and can include other suitable processing elements in other implementations. Components of the baseband circuitry can be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some implementations. In some implementations, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 904 and the application circuitry 902 can be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC) .
[0067] In some implementations, the baseband circuitry 904 can provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some implementations, the baseband circuitry 904 can support communication with a NG-RAN, an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN) , a wireless local area network (WLAN) , a wireless personal area network (WPAN) , etc. Implementations in which the baseband circuitry 904 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol can be referred to as multi-mode baseband circuitry.
[0068] RF circuitry 906 can enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various implementations, the RF circuitry 906 can include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. RF circuitry 906 can include a receive signal path which can include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 908 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 904. RF circuitry 906 can also include a transmit signal path which can include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 904 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 908 for transmission.
[0069] In some implementations, the receive signal path of the RF circuitry 906 can include mixer circuitry 906A, amplifier circuitry 906B and filter circuitry 906C. In some implementations, the transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 906 can include filter circuitry 906C and mixer circuitry 906A. RF circuitry 906 can also include synthesizer circuitry 906D for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some implementations, the mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path can be configured to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 908 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 906D. The amplifier circuitry 906B can be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 906C can be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals. Output baseband signals can be provided to the baseband circuitry 904 for further processing. In some implementations, the output baseband signals can be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement. In some implementations, mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path can comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the implementations is not limited in this respect.
[0070] In some implementations, the mixer circuitry 906A of the transmit signal path can be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry 906D to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry 908. The baseband signals can be provided by the baseband circuitry 904 and can be filtered by filter circuitry 906C.
[0071] In some implementations, the mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 906A of the transmit signal path can include two or more mixers and can be arranged for quadrature down conversion and up conversion, respectively. In some implementations, the mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 906A of the transmit signal path can include two or more mixers and can be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection) . In some implementations, the mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 906A can be arranged for direct down conversion and direct up conversion, respectively. In some implementations, the mixer circuitry 906A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 906A of the transmit signal path can be configured for super-heterodyne operation.
[0072] In some implementations, the output baseband signals, and the input baseband signals, can be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the implementations is not limited in this respect. In some alternate implementations, the output baseband signals, and the input baseband signals, can be digital baseband signals. In these alternate implementations, the RF circuitry 906 can include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and the baseband circuitry 904 can include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 906.
[0073] In some dual-mode implementations, a separate radio integrated-circuit (IC) circuitry can be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the implementations is not limited in this respect.
[0074] In some implementations, the synthesizer circuitry 906D can be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N / N+1 synthesizer, although the scope of the implementations is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers can be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuitry 906D can be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.
[0075] The synthesizer circuitry 906D can be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 906A of the RF circuitry 906 based on a frequency input and a divider control input. In some implementations, the synthesizer circuitry 906D can be a fractional N / N+1 synthesizer.
[0076] In some implementations, frequency input can be provided by a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) , although that is not a requirement. Divider control input can be provided by either the baseband circuitry 904 or the applications circuitry 902 depending on the desired output frequency. In some implementations, a divider control input (e.g., N) can be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications circuitry 902.
[0077] Synthesizer circuitry 906D of the RF circuitry 906 can include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL) , a multiplexer and a phase accumulator. In some implementations, the divider can be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator can be a digital phase accumulator (DPA) . In some implementations, the DMD can be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+1 (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some example implementations, the DLL can include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip-flop. In these implementations, the delay elements can be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO cycle.
[0078] In some implementations, synthesizer circuitry 906D can be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other implementations, the output frequency can be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other. In some implementations, the output frequency can be a LO frequency (fLO) . In some implementations, the RF circuitry 906 can include an in-phase-and-quadrature (IQ) / polar converter.
[0079] FEM circuitry 908 can include a receive signal path which can include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 910, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry 906 for further processing. FEM circuitry 908 can also include a transmit signal path which can include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 906 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 910. In various implementations, the amplification through the transmit or receive signal paths can be done solely in the RF circuitry 906, solely in the FEM circuitry 908, or in both the RF circuitry 906 and the FEM circuitry 908.
[0080] In some implementations, the FEM circuitry 908 can include a transmit / receive (TX / RX) switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation. The FEM circuitry can include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry can include an LNA to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 906) . The transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 908 can include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 906) , and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 910) .
[0081] In some implementations, the PMC 912 can manage power provided to the baseband circuitry 904. In particular, the PMC 912 can control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or direct-current-to-direct-current (DC-to-DC) conversion. The PMC 912 can often be included when the device 900 is capable of being powered by a battery, for example, when the device is included in a UE. The PMC 912 can increase the power conversion efficiency while providing desirable implementation size and heat dissipation characteristics.
[0082] While Fig. 9 shows the PMC 912 coupled only with the baseband circuitry 904. However, in other implementations, the PMC 912 may be additionally or alternatively coupled with, and perform similar power management operations for, other components such as, but not limited to, application circuitry 902, RF circuitry 906, or FEM circuitry 908.
[0083] In some implementations, the PMC 912 can control, or otherwise be part of, various power saving mechanisms of the device 900. For example, if the device 900 is in an RRC_Connected state, where it is still connected to the RAN node as it expects to receive traffic shortly, then it can enter a state known as Discontinuous Reception Mode (DRX) after a period of inactivity. During this state, the device 900 can power down for brief intervals of time and thus save power.
[0084] If there is no data traffic activity for an extended period of time, then the device 900 can transition off to an RRC_Idle state, where it disconnects from the network and does not perform operations such as channel quality feedback, handover, etc. The device 900 goes into a very low power state and it performs paging where again it periodically wakes up to listen to the network and then powers down again. The device 900 may not receive data in this state; to receive data, it can transition back to RRC_Connected state.
[0085] An additional power saving mode can allow a device to be unavailable to the network for periods longer than a paging interval (ranging from seconds to a few hours) . During this time, the device is totally unreachable to the network and can power down completely. Any data sent during this time incurs a large delay and it is assumed the delay is acceptable.
[0086] Processors of the application circuitry 902 and processors of the baseband circuitry 904 can be used to execute elements of one or more instances of a protocol stack. For example, processors of the baseband circuitry 904, alone or in combination, can be used execute Layer 3, Layer 2, or Layer 1 functionality, while processors of the baseband circuitry 904 can utilize data (e.g., packet data) received from these layers and further execute Layer 4 functionality (e.g., transmission communication protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP) layers) . As referred to herein, Layer 3 can comprise a RRC layer, described in further detail below. As referred to herein, Layer 2 can comprise a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, described in further detail below. As referred to herein, Layer 1 can comprise a physical (PHY) layer of a UE / RAN node, described in further detail below.
[0087] Fig. 10 is a block diagram of example interfaces of baseband circuitry according to one or more implementations described herein. As discussed above, the baseband circuitry 904 of Fig. 9 can comprise processors 904A-904E and a memory 904G utilized by said processors. Each of the processors 904A-904E can include a memory interface, 1004A-1004E, respectively, to send / receive data to / from the memory 904G.
[0088] The baseband circuitry 904 can further include one or more interfaces to communicatively couple to other circuitries / devices, such as a memory interface 1012 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from memory external to the baseband circuitry 904) , an application circuitry interface 1014 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from the application circuitry 902 of Fig. 9) , an RF circuitry interface 1016 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from RF circuitry 906 of Fig. 9) , a wireless hardware connectivity interface 1018 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from Near Field Communication (NFC) components, components (e.g., Low Energy) , components, and other communication components) , and a power management interface 1020 (e.g., an interface to send / receive power or control signals to / from the PMC 912) .
[0089] In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, an intra-band non-collocated NR carrier aggregation (CA) optimization for three or more carriers (e.g., CCs) sharing multiple LNA / AGC front ends is provided. In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, a relaxed antenna collocation condition can be provided for intra-band NR CA. A relaxed antenna collocation condition can be more cost-effective for operators, allowing deployment flexibility of locations of antennas at one or more sites of network infrastructure, such as one or more base stations.
[0090] In an intra-band non-collocated NR CA scenario, two issues may arise. Firstly, a larger power imbalance between component carriers (CCs) can occur, for example, as large as 25 dB. Secondly, a larger time arrival difference between CCs may be observed by the UE, for example, RTD >> 3 μs.
[0091] At least one implementation described herein can provide intra-band NR CA with the non-collocated condition handled via shared LNAs / AGCs. Implementation of a network-infrastructure-based solution can be more cost-effective for UE vendors, allowing improved performance for less expensive and more diverse UEs.
[0092] When reception of a plurality of carriers in excess of a number of available LNAs is supported through the use of shared LNAs, at least one LNA may be involved reception of more than one carrier. If accommodation of temporal diversity of carriers subject to a shared LNA is not provided, shared LNA / AGC phase jump impairment can occur. For example, a phase jump may occur at a temporal boundary between a CP and a data payload (e.g., a slot boundary) . If such a phase jump occurs with respect to a carrier of a shared LNA, it can affect reception of another carrier of the shared LNA. For example, corruption of a symbol following or preceding a CP can occur, which can be referred to as a corrupted orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) sym0 or sym13 effect. By obtaining information (e.g., a RTD report, a reference signal reception measurement report, or both) , network infrastructure can provide networks with an ability to adapt their physical layer (PHY) channel configurations and scheduling to avoid such an impairment. Such a feature can benefit contiguous two-CC (2CC) and non-contiguous three-CC (3CC) scenarios, e.g., for a Type 3 UE.
[0093] In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, a received timing difference (RTD) can be the difference between the time of arrival of two CCs. As an example, the difference may be between the times of arrival of similar portions of a temporal structure of a transmission of each of the CCs, such as times of arrival of a CP or a data payload (or a symbol thereof) transmitted via CCs.
[0094] From a UE LNA / AGC point of view, the actual RTD is a parameter which can affect reception. For a UE, a maximum RTD (MRTD) can be expressed as follows: MRTD = Time Alignment Error (TAE) + T_propagation + T_channel_spread. In the expression, TAE represents timing synchronization imperfections between CCs, timing errors due to GPS synchronization, LO jitter, backhaul propagation delay, etc. In some cases, a prescribed value of MRTD is set, e.g., a maximum of 3 μs. In the expression, T_propagation represents the RF propagation delay depends on the UE distance from the collocated or non-collocated antennas (e.g., gNBs and their antennas) providing each CC. T_propagation can be, e.g., a time of a few μs. In the expression, T_channel_spread represents a channel property affecting timing. As an example, delay profiles for NR can vary, e.g., from 30 ns to 300 ns.
[0095] Assuring MRTD is kept within a temporal value less than or equal to a duration of the CP would be a simple approach, but such a constraint could substantially limit network deployment and coverage. Avoiding imposing constraints on network operators (e.g., avoiding relying on attempting to modify maximum TAE, e.g., to a value lower than 3 μs) could help avoid limiting network deployment and coverage. Hence, providing a solution that allows MRTD > CP’s duration could be desirable from a feature success perspective. By avoiding imposing undue burdens involving PHY channel configuration and scheduling that might impact UE chipset expectations, increases in cost and complexity of UEs (e.g., Power Class 3 UEs) can be avoided.
[0096] In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, CC grouping for multiple CCs and multiple LNAs / AGCs is provided. Aggregate throughput maximization or improvement can be provided by implementing a solution considering one or more of the following: MRTD constraints can be considered and used to guide the matching of CCs to LNAs, and dynamic PDSCH scheduling can be applied, which can avoid corrupted Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. Power Imbalance and its effects, e.g., AGC SNR quantization / clipping degradation, can be considered and used to guide the matching of CCs to LNAs. Reported rank indication (RI) (e.g., for a number of layers) can be considered and used to guide the matching of CCs to LNAs. Reported channel quality indication (CQI) (e.g., to assess spectral efficiency per layer) can be considered and used to guide the matching of CCs to LNAs.
[0097] Relative RTD depends on a carrier to which an LNA gain update is aligned. The gain of an LNA may be set to a desired value. The LNA gain may be updated. However, if the LNA is being shared between multiple CCs, temporal misalignment of the CCs may result in an LNA gain update that is timely (e.g., at a slot boundary) for one CC being suboptimal for another CC, potentially impairing reception. By grouping CCs so as to minimize temporal misalignment of CCs received by one or more shared LNAs, such impairment can be reduced or avoided.
[0098] In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, a criterion in relation to MRTD and CP duration can be applied. Carriers can be grouped such that RTD within a LNA / AGC is within a duration of a CP.
[0099] In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, a criterion in relation to power imbalance / AGC degradation can be applied. Carriers can be grouped such that clipping within an AGC is minimized. As an example, carriers can be grouped such that clipping from a higher-amplitude carrier at an AGC gain level sufficient for reception of a lower-amplitude carrier is minimized. As another example, carriers can be grouped such that signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (SQNR) clipping within an AGC is minimized. Further, carriers can be grouped such that SQNR for an AGC is maximized.
[0100] A variety of shared LNA architectures can be supported. With a single shared LNA, all carriers may be affected by a single LNA gain adjustment event. In such as case, timing of the LNA gain adjustment event can be controlled in relation to timing of CCs to reduce or avoid impairment. With a two shared LNAs, multiple carriers can be grouped and timing the two LNA gain adjustment events corresponding to the two shared LNAs can be controlled in relation to the timing of the CCs of the respective groups to reduce or avoid impairment.
[0101] In addition to a criterion in relation to MRTD and CP duration and a criterion in relation to power imbalance / AGC degradation, one or more other criterion can be applied to improve performance of carrier grouping. Performing carrier grouping based at least in part upon an RTD report can reduce or avoid corrupted OFDM symbols. Performing carrier grouping based at least in part upon power imbalance, such as based at least in part upon a reference signal reception measurement report (e.g., a RSRP report, a RSRQ report, another reference signal reception metric report, or a combination thereof) can reduce or avoid SQNR degradation or clipping in receiver circuitry, such as in an AGC circuit.
[0102] Performing carrier grouping based at least in part upon a RI report can provide an indication in relation to antenna diversity. An indication in relation to antenna diversity can be used to determine which CCs should be included in different carrier grouping to be processed by different LNAs. For example, if an RI report indicates poor antenna diversity, use of a CC with poor antenna diversity may be discontinued, allowing more freedom in forming carrier groups for different LNAs, as the number of CCs sharing LNAs may decrease. As another example, if an RI report indicates poor antenna diversity, a change to a different CC having different parameters and possibly having a base-station antenna located at a different location may occur, potentially affecting RTD and power imbalance. Accordingly, a received RI report can be used to initiate changes to CCs being used and their PHY properties to improve application of a criterion in relation to MRTD and CP duration and a criterion in relation to power imbalance / AGC degradation, which may be applied, for example, after the changes to the CCs or their PHY properties has been performed.
[0103] Performing carrier grouping based at least in part upon a CQI report can allow carrier grouping to be dependent upon an additional metric. The indication of channel quality provided by a CQI report can be used to determine which CCs should be included in different carrier grouping to be processed by different LNAs. For example, if a CQI report indicates poor channel quality, use of a CC in relation to a channel with poor channel quality may be discontinued, allowing more freedom in forming carrier groups for different LNAs, as the number of CCs sharing LNAs may decrease. As another example, if a CQI report indicates poor channel quality, a change to a different CC having different parameters and possibly having a base-station antenna located at a different location may occur, potentially affecting RTD and power imbalance. Accordingly, a received CQI report can be used to initiate changes to CCs being used and their PHY properties to improve application of a criterion in relation to MRTD and CP duration and a criterion in relation to power imbalance / AGC degradation, which may be applied, for example, after the changes to the CCs or their PHY properties has been performed. As another example, if a CQI report indicates good channel quality, not only may a related CC be retained for use, but also the indicated good channel quality may validate an effectiveness of a carrier grouping to which the indicated good channel quality indication pertains. As an example, in a situation where application of a criterion in relation to MRTD and CP duration and application of a criterion in relation to power imbalance / AGC degradation may lead to different carrier groupings, a CQI report may be used for arbitration to select carrier groupings that provide empirically better performance according to indicated channel quality. As another example, if a decision is to be made whether to schedule a PDSCH as restricted in the symbol locations at which symbols of a data payload may exist or whether to schedule the PDSCH as an full range PDSCH in which all symbol locations may be used for symbols of a data payload, a CQI report may be used to empirically assess impairment for either or both of a restricted PDSCH and a full range PDSCH. Accordingly, a determination as to restricted or unrestricted use of symbol locations of a PDSCH may be empirically validated and optimized.
[0104] Performing carrier grouping based at least in part upon a differentiation of primary cells (PCells) and secondary cells (SCells) can be used to determine which CCs should be included in different carrier grouping to be processed by different LNAs. For example, if a CC is used for SCells, use of such a CC may be discontinued, allowing more freedom in forming carrier groups for different LNAs, as the number of CCs sharing LNAs may decrease. As another example, a carrier grouping may be selectively performed to favor CCs used for PCells over CCs used for SCells. For example, if a number of CCs used results in at least one LNA being a shared LNA but at least one other LNA not being shared, a CC used for SCells may be included in a carrier group for the shared LNA, and a CC used for PCells may be included in a carrier group for the unshared LNA.
[0105] In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, network-side apparatus performs instructions to group carriers based on criteria for improved performance. Network-side apparatus may be apparatus used to implement network infrastructure, such as a base station (e.g., a gNB) . In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, the network-side apparatus receives RTD reporting from a UE. In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, the network-side apparatus receives a RSRP / RSRQ / etc. report. In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, the network-side apparatus receives a CQI report or a RI report. The CQI report or RI report may be historical reporting previously received or generated, as the network-side apparatus or other network infrastructure may retain a history of reported CQI / RI information. Such historical information may be used for carrier grouping at a future time. In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, with access to some or all of the aforementioned reporting, the network-side apparatus makes a determination of the carriers to which the shared LNAs should align and notifies the same to the UE. In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, the network-side apparatus schedules a PDSCH as either a restricted PDSCH or a full range PDSCH on each carrier. As an example, a restricted PDSCH has one or more symbol positions of a slot excluded from use. For example, a symbol position (e.g., for symbol sym13) immediately preceding a CP may be excluded from use. As another example, a symbol position (e.g., for symbol sym0) immediately following a CP may be excluded from use. As yet another example, both a symbol position (e.g., for symbol sym13) immediately preceding a CP and a symbol position (e.g., for symbol sym0) immediately following the CP may be excluded from use.
[0106] In accordance with at least one implementation described herein, information obtained and used for determining a carrier grouping for a shared LNA may also be used to assess and select a rank and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) to be used for transmission of data on the CCs of the carrier grouping. The rank and MCS selection may be adaptive with the carrier grouping, utilizing information from at least one of a RTD report, a reference signal reception measurement report, a CQI report, and a RI report to determine a carrier grouping, which can be used to determine the rank and MCS selection, or to determine a rank and MCS selection, which can be used in the determination of a carrier grouping. Such operations may be performed responsively and may be performed repetitively.
[0107] Examples herein can include subject matter such as a method, means for performing acts or blocks of the method, at least one machine-readable medium including executable instructions that, when performed by a machine (e.g., a processor (e.g., processor , etc. ) with memory, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) , or the like) cause the machine to perform acts of the method or of an apparatus or system for concurrent communication using multiple communication technologies according to implementations and examples described.
[0108] In example 1, which may also include one or more of the examples described herein, an apparatus may comprise a memory configured to store instructions; and a processor, coupled to the memory, and when executing the instructions from the memory, configured to: receive, from a user equipment (UE) , a received timing difference (RTD) report; receive, from the UE, a reference signal reception measurement report; match, based on the RTD report and on the reference signal reception measurement report, a first set of at least one first component carrier (CC) to a first carrier grouping to be processed by a first low noise amplifier (LNA) and a second set of at least one second CC to a second carrier grouping to be processed by a second LNA; and provide for transmission, to the UE, indication information of the first carrier grouping and the second carrier grouping.
[0109] In example 2, which may also include one or more of the examples described herein, the reference signal reception measurement report is selected from a group consisting of a reference signal received power (RSRP) report and a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) report. In example 3, which may also include one or more of the examples described herein, according to the RTD report, a RTD exists between a first timing of the at least one first CC and a second timing of the at least one second CC is longer than a duration of a cyclic prefix (CP) of at least one of the at least one first CC and the at least one second CC. In example 4, which may also include one or more of the examples described herein, according to the reference signal reception measurement report, a power imbalance greater than a first threshold exists between a first receive power level at which the at least one first CC is received at the UE and a second receive power level at which the at least one second CC is received at the UE.
[0110] In example 5, which may also include one or more of the examples described herein, the first set comprises at least a first pair of CCs comprising the at least one first CC, wherein the first pair of CCs have a first in-group RTD shorter than any cross-group RTD between either of the first pair of CCs and the at least one second CC. In example 6, which may also include one or more of the examples described herein, the first set comprises at least a first pair of CCs comprising the at least one first CC, wherein the first pair of CCs have a first in-group power imbalance less than any cross-group power imbalance between either of the first pair of CCs and the at least one second CC. In example 7, which may also include one or more of the examples described herein, a first RTD of less than a duration of a cyclic prefix (CP) of the at least one first CC exists between the first pair of CCs and a second RTD of more than the duration of the CP of the at least one first CC exists between the at least one first CC and the at least one second CC. In example 8, which may also include one or more of the examples described herein, the first set of the at least one first component carrier (CC) is matched to the first carrier grouping and the second set of the at least one second CC is matched to the second carrier grouping based on the RTD report, on the reference signal reception measurement report, and on a rank indicator (RI) or a channel quality indicator (CQI) . In example 9, which may also include one or more of the examples described herein, the first set of the at least one first component carrier (CC) is matched to the first carrier grouping and the second set of the at least one second CC is matched to the second carrier grouping further based on differentiation of primary cells (PCells) from secondary cells (SCells) . In example 10, the processor is further configured to schedule a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) as either a restricted PDSCH or a full range PDSCH on each of the at least one first CC and the at least one second CC.
[0111] In example 11, an apparatus comprises a memory configured to store instructions; and a processor, coupled to the memory, and when executing the instructions from the memory, configured to: receive from a user equipment (UE) a received timing difference (RTD) report; receive from the UE a reference signal reception measurement report; for a first component carrier (CC) , a second CC, and a third CC, wherein the RTD report indicates the first CC and third CC are in closer temporal alignment with each other than the first CC is with the second CC and the second CC is with the third CC, and where the reference signal reception measurement report indicates the first CC and third CC are closer in received power or received quality with each other than the first CC is with the second CC and the second CC is with the third CC, match the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping to be processed by a first low noise amplifier (LNA) and match the second CC to a second carrier grouping to be processed by a second LNA; and notify the UE of the first carrier grouping and the second carrier grouping.
[0112] In example 12, the reference signal reception measurement report is selected from a group consisting of a reference signal received power (RSRP) report and a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) report.
[0113] In example 13, a first CC to second CC RTD is greater than a duration of a cyclic prefix of the first CC.
[0114] In example 14, the processor is further configured to match the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping and to match the second CC to a second carrier grouping based on a rank indicator (RI) or a channel quality indicator (CQI) .
[0115] In example 15, the processor is further configured to match the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping and to match the second CC to a second carrier grouping based on differentiation of primary cells (PCells) from secondary cells (SCells) .
[0116] In example 16, the processor is further configured to schedule a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) as either a restricted PDSCH on at least one of the first CC, the second CC, or the third CC, wherein the restricted PDSCH has a zeroth symbol (sym0) or a thirteenth symbol (sym13) excluded from use.
[0117] In example 17, a method comprises receiving from a user equipment (UE) a received timing difference (RTD) report; receiving from the UE a reference signal reception measurement report; for a first component carrier (CC) , a second CC, and a third CC, wherein the RTD report indicates the first CC and third CC are in closer temporal alignment with each other than the first CC is with the second CC and the second CC is with the third CC, and where the reference signal reception measurement report indicates the first CC and third CC are closer in received power or received quality with each other than the first CC is with the second CC and the second CC is with the third CC, matching the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping to be processed by a first low noise amplifier (LNA) and matching the second CC to a second carrier grouping to be processed by a second LNA; and notifying the UE of the first carrier grouping and the second carrier grouping.
[0118] In example 18, the reference signal reception measurement report is selected from a group consisting of a reference signal received power (RSRP) report and a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) report.
[0119] In example 19, a first CC to second CC RTD is greater than a duration of a cyclic prefix of the first CC.
[0120] In example 20, the matching the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping and the matching the second CC to a second carrier grouping are based on a rank indicator (RI) or a channel quality indicator (CQI) .
[0121] In example 21, the matching the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping and the matching the second CC to a second carrier grouping are based on differentiation of primary cells (PCells) from secondary cells (SCells) .
[0122] In example 22, the method further comprises scheduling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) as either a restricted PDSCH on at least one of the first CC, the second CC, or the third CC, wherein the restricted PDSCH has a zeroth symbol (sym0) or a thirteenth symbol (sym13) excluded from use.
[0123] Other examples may include a method (e.g., a process) and / or a computer-readable medium implementation of any of the foregoing examples or combinations thereof. The above description of illustrated examples, implementations, aspects, etc., of the subject disclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed aspects to the precise forms disclosed. While specific examples, implementations, aspects, etc., are described herein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possible that are considered within the scope of such examples, implementations, aspects, etc., as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.
[0124] In this regard, while the disclosed subject matter has been described in connection with various examples, implementations, aspects, etc., and corresponding Figures, where applicable, it is to be understood that other similar aspects can be used or modifications and additions can be made to the disclosed subject matter for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitute function of the subject matter without deviating therefrom. Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to any single example, implementation, or aspect described herein, but rather should be construed in breadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.
[0125] In particular regard to the various functions performed by the above described components or structures (assemblies, devices, circuits, systems, etc. ) , the terms (including a reference to a “means” ) used to describe such components are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any component or structure which performs the specified function of the described component (e.g., that is functionally equivalent) , even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary implementations. In addition, while a particular feature may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such feature may be combined with one or more other features of the other implementations as may be desired and advantageous for any given, or particular, application.
[0126] As used herein, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or” . That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B;or X employs both A and B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition, the articles “a” and “an” as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “including” , “includes” , “having” , “has” , “with” , or variants thereof are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising. ” Additionally, in situations wherein one or more numbered items are discussed (e.g., a “first X” , a “second X” , etc. ) , in general the one or more numbered items can be distinct, or they can be the same, although in some situations the context may indicate that they are distinct or that they are the same.
[0127] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
Claims
1.An apparatus comprising:a memory configured to store instructions; anda processor, coupled to the memory, configured to:match, based on a received timing difference (RTD) report and a reference signal reception measurement report received from a user equipment (UE) , a first set of at least one first component carrier (CC) to a first carrier grouping to be processed by a first low noise amplifier (LNA) and a second set of at least one second CC to a second carrier grouping to be processed by a second LNA; andprovide for transmission, to the UE, indication information of the first carrier grouping and the second carrier grouping.2.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signal reception measurement report is selected from a group consisting of a reference signal received power (RSRP) report and a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) report.3.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, according to the RTD report, a RTD exists between a first timing of the at least one first CC and a second timing of the at least one second CC is longer than a duration of a cyclic prefix (CP) of at least one of the at least one first CC and the at least one second CC.4.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, according to the reference signal reception measurement report, a power imbalance greater than a first threshold exists between a first receive power level at which the at least one first CC is received at the UE and a second receive power level at which the at least one second CC is received at the UE.5.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first set comprises at least a first pair of CCs comprising the at least one first CC, wherein the first pair of CCs have a first in-group RTD shorter than any cross-group RTD between either of the first pair of CCs and the at least one second CC.6.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first set comprises at least a first pair of CCs comprising the at least one first CC, wherein the first pair of CCs have a first in-group power imbalance less than any cross-group power imbalance between either of the first pair of CCs and the at least one second CC.7.The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a first RTD of less than a duration of a cyclic prefix (CP) of the at least one first CC exists between the first pair of CCs and a second RTD of more than the duration of the CP of the at least one first CC exists between the at least one first CC and the at least one second CC.8.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first set of the at least one first component carrier (CC) is matched to the first carrier grouping and the second set of the at least one second CC is matched to the second carrier grouping based on the RTD report, on the reference signal reception measurement report, and on a rank indicator (RI) or a channel quality indicator (CQI) .9.The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first set of the at least one first component carrier (CC) is matched to the first carrier grouping and the second set of the at least one second CC is matched to the second carrier grouping further based on differentiation of primary cells (PCells) from secondary cells (SCells) .10.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to schedule a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) as either a restricted PDSCH or a full range PDSCH on each of the at least one first CC and the at least one second CC.11.An apparatus comprising:a memory configured to store instructions; anda processor, coupled to the memory, and configured to:receive from a user equipment (UE) a received timing difference (RTD) report;receive from the UE a reference signal reception measurement report;for a first component carrier (CC) , a second CC, and a third CC, wherein a received timing difference (RTD) report indicates the first CC and third CC are in closer temporal alignment with each other than the first CC is with the second CC and the second CC is with the third CC, and wherein a reference signal reception measurement report received from a user equipment (UE) indicates the first CC and third CC are closer in received power or received quality with each other than the first CC is with the second CC and the second CC is with the third CC, match the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping to be processed by a first low noise amplifier (LNA) and match the second CC to a second carrier grouping to be processed by a second LNA; andnotify the UE of the first carrier grouping and the second carrier grouping.12.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the reference signal reception measurement report is selected from a group consisting of a reference signal received power (RSRP) report and a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) report.13.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein a first CC to second CC RTD is greater than a duration of a cyclic prefix of the first CC.14.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to match the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping and to match the second CC to a second carrier grouping based on a rank indicator (RI) or a channel quality indicator (CQI) .15.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to match the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping and to match the second CC to a second carrier grouping based on differentiation of primary cells (PCells) from secondary cells (SCells) .16.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to schedule a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) as either a restricted PDSCH on at least one of the first CC, the second CC, or the third CC, wherein the restricted PDSCH has a zeroth symbol (sym0) or a thirteenth symbol (sym13) excluded from use.17.A method comprising:receiving from a user equipment (UE) a received timing difference (RTD) report;receiving from the UE a reference signal reception measurement report;for a first component carrier (CC) , a second CC, and a third CC, wherein a received timing difference (RTD) report indicates the first CC and third CC are in closer temporal alignment with each other than the first CC is with the second CC and the second CC is with the third CC, and wherein a reference signal reception measurement report received from a user equipment (UE) indicates the first CC and third CC are closer in received power or received quality with each other than the first CC is with the second CC and the second CC is with the third CC, matching the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping to be processed by a first low noise amplifier (LNA) and matching the second CC to a second carrier grouping to be processed by a second LNA; andnotifying the UE of the first carrier grouping and the second carrier grouping.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the reference signal reception measurement report is selected from a group consisting of a reference signal received power (RSRP) report and a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) report.19.The method of claim 17, wherein a first CC to second CC RTD is greater than a duration of a cyclic prefix of the first CC.20.The method of claim 17, wherein the matching the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping and the matching the second CC to a second carrier grouping are based on a rank indicator (RI) or a channel quality indicator (CQI) .21.The method of claim 17, wherein the matching the first CC and the third CC to a first carrier grouping and the matching the second CC to a second carrier grouping are based on differentiation of primary cells (PCells) from secondary cells (SCells) .22.The method of claim 17, further comprising:scheduling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) as either a restricted PDSCH on at least one of the first CC, the second CC, or the third CC, wherein the restricted PDSCH has a zeroth symbol (sym0) or a thirteenth symbol (sym13) excluded from use.
Citation Information
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