A distress indicator system for emergency evacuation

Abstract

Accordingly, embodiments herein disclose a distress indicator system for emergency evacuation in public spaces The system comprises a Visual and Directional Distress Indicator (VDDI), including an Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicator (UBDI), comprising at least one visual indicator module that emits a first static visual signal under normal conditions and a second, directionally adaptive visual signal during emergencies to guide occupants toward a safe egress route. The system includes a control panel operably connected to the visual indicator module, configured to receive emergency inputs from a sensing unit and dynamically adjust the evacuation path if the predefined route becomes unsafe. The system further comprises an audio output module that emits synchronized auditory alerts to reinforce visual cues, enhancing evacuation effectiveness. A notification module sends real-time alarms and text alerts to a user interface, notifying administrative personnel of emergency conditions.

Description

FIELD OF INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of emergency management systems aimed at ensuring safety in public spaces. More particularly, it recites a distress indicator system for emergency evacuation, which includes a Visual and Directional Distress Indicator (VDDI) and its integral Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicator (UBDI). The present invention is designed to provide adaptive, high-visibility evacuation guidance while also enabling notification to administrative personnel and illumination of escape pathways under emergency conditions.BACKGROUND OF INVENTION

[0002] This section is intended to provide information relating to the field of the invention and thus, any approach / functionality described below should not be assumed to be qualified as prior art merely by its inclusion in this section.

[0003] In recent years, the safety of individuals in public spaces such as shopping malls, airports, educational institutions, stadiums, railway stations, and commercial buildings has gained significant importance. These environments often accommodate large numbers of people, making the management of emergencies, such as fires, gas leaks, natural disasters, or violent attacks, increasingly complex and critical. Traditional emergency evacuation systems are generally limited to static exit signs, fire alarms, and pre-recorded audio alerts that may not effectively guide occupants in dynamically changing conditions.

[0004] Conventional emergency evacuation mechanisms suffer from inherent limitations. Static exit indicators, for instance, continue to point toward the nearest exit regardless of the emergency’s location or nature. This non-adaptive behavior can inadvertently direct people toward hazardous zones, resulting in confusion, congestion, and even loss of life. Generic audio announcements also fall short in panic-driven or noisy environments where clear, context-specific instructions are essential. These systems lack situational awareness and cannot modify instructions in real time based on the nature or progression of the threat.

[0005] Furthermore, in complex architectural layouts or during conditions of low visibility caused by smoke, power outages, or structural damage, fixed signage proves to be ineffective. Many of the currently deployed systems also fail to provide integrated administrative feedback, which limits the ability of safety personnel to assess the situation and respond in a timely manner.

[0006] Some prior art solutions atempt to use directional lighting or emergency response triggers. However, such systems are often pre-program med and not responsive to real-time sensor inputs. Most operate in isolation and lack interoperability between visual cues, auditory alerts, sensor modules, and administrative notifications. Additionally, there is a lack of provision for both automatic and manual control over evacuation instructions, a feature that becomes crucial when unexpected variables arise and sensor automation alone is insufficient.

[0007] Conventional safety mechanisms mandated by regulatory authorities typically involve exit signboards made of cardboard or glass sheets with fluorescent paint markings. These are often supplemented with fluorescent stickers featuring directional arrows, placed along staircases to guide evacuees. Although cost-effective and easy to implement, these measures have limited utility. Fluorescent materials only emit light for approximately 15-20 minutes and require complete darkness to function optimally. Their visibility is time-bound and may not suffice during extended or delayed evacuations.

[0008] Battery-operated exit signs are also known in the art and aim to offer uninterrupted visibility during power outages. However, these are usually installed above doors or suspended from ceilings, which becomes a disadvantage during fire-related incidents, as smoke accumulation restricts upward visibility. Moreover, these signs are non-dynamic and incapable of guiding evacuees through alternative safe routes or blocked passages, especially in total darkness or smoke-filled environments.

[0009] Other known emergency alert systems incorporate hooters and strobe lights connected to fire panels, but these lack directional indicators, thereby limiting their utility in facilitating efficient evacuation. Most commercially available solutions offer static directional signage without visual c onfirmat ion of an ongoing emergency. While a few advanced systems exist, they tend to be expensive, complicated to install, and difficult to operate, making them unsuitable for widespread implementation in public infrastructure.

[0010] Another critical shortfall of traditional systems is their dependence on an uninterrupted power supply. Emergency scenarios frequently involve power failures, rendering these systems non-functional when they are most needed. Although some buildings incorporate battery backups, these are neither standardized nor reliably integrated into comprehensive alert systems.

[0011] Given the increasing complexity and size of public infrastructures, there exists a pressing need for an intelligent, modular, and responsive distress indicator system. Such a system must becapable of interpreting inputs from various sensors, dynamically identifying and updating safe egress paths, and providing multi-sensory cues that can be easily perceived under stress or low- visibility conditions. Moreover, it must include mechanisms for alerting administrative personnel and enabling real-time manual overrides to ensure robust decision-making during evolving emergencies.

[0012] There exists a pressing need in the art for a simple yet highly effective distress signaling system that overcomes the limitations of conventional fluorescent signboards, particularly with respect to limited visibility, lack of adaptability, and non-responsiveness during emergencies. The present invention addresses this need by providing a system that ensures extended visibility and continuous operability, thereby supporting both evacuees and emergency personnel during critical rescue operations. Furthermore, there is a distinct requirement for a solution that not only indicates the occurrence of a disaster but also actively guides individuals toward safe egress routes, dynamically adjusting these directions based on real-time hazard assessment and environmental obstructions. This need is fulfilled by the present invention, which introduces a first-of-its-kind distress indicator system featuring directionally responsive visual signals. The system is capable of reversing evacuation guidance if the default route becomes unsafe, thus adapting to changing emergency conditions. It integrates bidirectional flexibility and uninterrupted performance even during power outages or rapidly evolving situations. By combining intelligent control logic with high-visibility indicators, the invention delivers a holistic, modular, and cost-effective solution for disaster response, public safety, and crowd management. Collectively, these features enable a responsive and adaptive evacuation system that significantly improves upon the static and limited functionality of traditional signage, thereby elevating public safety standards in modem infrastructure.OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

[0013] The present invention has been developed in response to the present state of the art, and in particular, in response to the problems and needs in the art that have not yet been folly solved by currently available techniques and processes.

[0014] Accordingly, the present invention pertains to the field of emergency management systems aimed at ensuring safety in public spaces. More particularly, it recites a distress indicator system for emergency evacuation, which includes a Visual and Directional Distress Indicator (VDDI) and its integral Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicator (UBDI). The present invention is designed to provide adaptive, high- visibility evacuation guidance while also enablingnotification to administrative personnel and illumination of escape pathways under emergency conditions.

[0015] The principal objective of the embodiments herein is to enable safe and efficient evacuation during emergency situations in public spaces.

[0016] Another objective of the embodiments herein is to extend visibility, which can function effectively in low-light or no-light conditions, overcoming the limitations of traditional fluorescent signboards.

[0017] Another objective of the embodiments herein is to dynamically change evacuation routes based on the nature and location of the hazard.

[0018] Another objective of the embodiments herein is to ensure integration with environmental sensors and emergency alert systems for intelligent response during disasters such as fire, gas leaks, natural calamities, or bomb scares.

[0019] Another objective of the embodiments herein is to facilitate manual and automatic control over evacuation signals, allowing for operator intervention when required.

[0020] Another objective of the embodiments herein is to create a modular and cost-effective system that can be easily installed and implemented in various types of public infrastructure, such as malls, airports, schools, railway stations, office complexes, buildings, residential apartments, and stadiums.

[0021] Another objective of the embodiments herein is to provide simultaneous notification to administrative personnel, enabling timely decision-making and coordinated emergency management.

[0022] Another objective of the embodiments herein is to enable smooth evacuation and minimization of panic through clear, situation-specific visual cues and auditory signals.

[0023] Another objective of the embodiments herein is to provide a novel approach for positively assisting the evacuation process during emergencies, thereby aiding firefighters, emergency personnel, and rescue teams in executing timely and effective evacuation measures.

[0024] Another objective of the embodiments herein that offer a longer operational period and enhanced visibility, aligning with disaster management protocols and government safety regulations,

[0025] Another objective of the embodiments herein is to be compatible with both small and large public spaces, using the existing infrastructure with minimal additional components, ensuring cost-effectiveness and ease of deployment.

[0026] Another objective of the embodiments herein is to provide extremely low power consumption and minimal heat dissipation, supporting the principles of energy efficiency and environmental sustainability, in line with the concept of a 100% green environment,

[0027] How the foregoing objects are achieved will be clear from the following brief description.In this context, it is clarified that the description provided is non-limiting and is only by way of explanation. Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the foregoing description proceeds, taken together with the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed invention. This summary is not an extensive overview, and it is not intended to identify key / critical elements or to delineate the scope thereof. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

[0029] Accordingly, the present invention provides a distress indicator system for emergency evacuation in public spaces is disclosed, comprising a Visual and Directional Distress Indicator (VDDI) that includes an Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicator (UBDI), designed for installation in public buildings to facilitate real-time evacuation guidance during distress or calamity conditions. The UBDI comprises several integrated components: at least one visual indicator module mounted within the public space, configured to emit a first visual signal under normal conditions and a directionally adaptive second visual signal upon detection of an emergency, wherein the second signal indicates a predefined safe egress route out of the space; a control panel operably connected to the visual indicator module, which triggers the second visual signal upon emergency detection and can modify the indicated egress route in response to a blocked or unsafe predefined path; a sensing unit within the public space capable of transmitting input to the control panel to detect emergencies and determine a safe egress route; an audio output module connected to the control panel, which generates an audio signal synchronized with thevisual indicator to provide an additional auditory alert; a notification module that sends an alarm and a text-based alert to a user interface to inform administrative personnel upon receipt of a distress signal by the control panel; and one or more display modules, each comprising a matrix of lighting elements that illuminate directional signals displaying a static visual signal under normal conditions and a dynamic visual signal during emergencies to indicate the safest egress route.

[0030] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the first visual signal is a directional arrow during normal conditions, and the second visual signal is a moving chevron indicating the direction to safe egress out of the public space.

[0031] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the visual indicator module comprises a plurality of lighting elements arranged in a grid pattern, selectively illuminated to dynamically indicate the safe egress route.

[0032] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the visual indicator module further comprises a plurality of footlights, staircase lights, and exit sign boards installed throughout the public space to provide additional indication of the safe egress route.

[0033] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the visual indicator module further comprises a plurality of blank lights positioned at unlit regions of the public space, activated to provide illumination and direction during an emergency,

[0034] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the visual indicator module further comprises an exit sign board mounted above doors in public spaces having limited points of ingress and egress, and wherein upon activation by the control panel, interface during an emergency condition, the exit sign board is configured to display a red-colored moving chevron pointing downwards, the signal being uni-directional and adapted to visually indicate an evacuation condition.

[0035] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the audio output module activates a main hooter placed in the building upon detection of an emergency to provide a distinct sound for alerting occupants and facilitating evacuation procedures, and a plurality of speakers, each connected to an individual product within the system, which emit additional sounds to alert the occupants.10036] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, each of the exits of the public space is marked by an illuminated visual marker.

[0037] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a communication network is provided to enable bi-directional communication between the control panel and the alerting components of the system.

[0038] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a user interface is adapted to connect with the control panel via the communication network, to enable automatic and manual input for activating the visual indicator component to indicate a specific safe egress route.

[0039] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the system is powered by a rechargeable power source to account for the failure of the power supply during the emergency.

[0040] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the sensing module is selected from fire panels, panic alarm, building sensor system, a plurality of hazardous gas sensors, water-level sensors, earthquake sensors, and any kind of electromagnetic sensor that provides a digital signal to indicate distress.

[0041] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, automatic application- controlled switches, along with a manual switch, are connected to the control panel to automatically and manually alter the second visual signal imparted by the visual indicator component to indicate an alternate safe egress route.

[0042] Accordingly, the control panel comprises one or more processors in communication with at least one non-transilory memory storing instructions. These processors execute the instructions to receive input from the sensing unit, determine the presence of an emergency based on this input, end trigger the visual indicator to display the second visual signal that indicates the predefined safe egress route. Additionally, the control panel activates blank lights to illuminate unlit areas along with providing an evacuation route within the public space and actuates an audio transducer to generate an audio distress signal. The system is also capable of reversing when the predefined egress route is blocked using a human interface, either through software or manually, and, in response, activates the lighting elements of the visual indicator to guide occupants via an alternate safe egress route. Simultaneously, the control panel sends a notification to administrative personnel through the user interface to alert them of the emergency. The process for evacuating a public space during an emergency involves detecting the emergency condition, signaling thepredefined safe egress route by activating the second visual signal on the visual indicator, illuminating dark areas by turning on blank lights, generating an audio distress alert through the audio transducer, and, if the predefined safe egress route becomes blocked, altering the direction of the second visual signal to indicate an alternate safe egress route.

[0043] To further clarify the advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail in the accompanying drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to describe the manner in which features and other aspects of the present disclosure can be obtained, a more particular description of certain subject matter will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments, which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting in scope, nor drawn to scale for all embodiments, various embodiments will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0045] Figure 1A illustrates various types of a visual indicator module of the distress indicator system installed within a public building, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0046] Figure 1B illustrates a layout of various types of logic printed circuit boards (PCB) of a visual indicator module of the distress indicator system installed within a public building, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0047] Figure 2 A illustrates a schematic diagram of the control panel, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0048] Figure 2B illustrates a schematic diagram of a cascaded multiple control panels, in acc ordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0049] Figure 3A illustrates a schematic layout of an arrow light with its printed Circuit Board (PCB), in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0050] Figure 3B illustrates a schematic layout of an arrow light in an active mode, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0051] Figure 3C illustrates a schematic layout of an arrow lights chevron reversed from the control panel, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0052] Figure 4A illustrates an exit sign board module with an arrow and with its printed Circuit Board (PCB), in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0053] Figure 4B illustrates an exit sign board module with an arrow in activated mode, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0054] Figure 4C illustrates an exit sign board module with an arrow, chevron reversed from the control panel in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0055] Figure 5A illustrates a schematic layout of a staircase light with its printed Circuit Board (PCB), in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0056] Figure 5B illustrates a schematic layout of a staircase light in active mode, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0057] Figure 5C illustrates a schematic layout of a staircase light chevron reversed from the control panel, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0058] Figure 6A illustrates a schematic layout of a theatre light module with its printed Circuit Board (PCB), in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0059] Figure 6B illustrates a schematic layout of the theatre light in an active mode in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0060] Figure 6C illustrates a schematic layout of the theatre light module chevron reversed from the control panel, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0061] Figure 7A illustrates a schematic layout of a door exit sign board module with its printed Circuit Board (PCB), in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; and

[0062] Figure 7B illustrates a schematic layout of a door Exit board module with an arrow in active mode in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0063] Figure 8 illustrates a schematic layout of a notification module and communication network configuration between the control panel, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0064] Figure 9 illustrates a schematic layout of various UBDI and systems in a homogeneous environment in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0065] Figure 10 illustrates a schematic layout of the Immediate output of visual indicators on sensing an emergency, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

[0066] Figure 11 illustrates a schematic layout of the Reversal of Chevrons as per the requirement from the Control panel, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.

[0067] Further, skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the drawings are illustrated for simplicity and may not have been necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the flow charts illustrate the method in terms of the most prominent steps involved to help to improve understanding of aspects of the present invention. Furthermore, in terms of the construction of the device, one or more components of the device may have been represented in the drawings by conventional symbols, and the drawings may show only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present invention so as not to obscure the drawings with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having benefit of the description herein.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

[0068] For the purpose of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended, such alterations and further modifications in the illustrated robot, and such further applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated therein being contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates.

[0069] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are explanatory of the invention and are not intended to be restrictive thereof.

[0070] Reference throughout this specification to “an aspect”, “another aspect” or similar language means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included tn at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrase “in an embodiment”, “in another embodiment”, and similar language throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment,

[0071] The terms "comprise", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process or method that comprises a list of steps does not include only those steps but may include other steps not expressly listed or inherent to such process or method. Similarly, one or more devices or sub-systems or elements or structures or components proceeded by "comprises... a" docs not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other devices or other sub-systems or other elements or other structures or othercomponents or additional devices or additional sub-systems or additional elements or additional structures or additional components.

[0072] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. The system, methods, and examples provided herein are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.

[0073] The terms “a” and “an” herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced items.

[0074] The terms “having”, “comprising”, “including”, and variations thereof signify the presence of a component.

[0075] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0076] The present invention relates to the field of emergency management systems and, more particularly, to a technologically advanced distress indicator system designed for efficient evacuation of individuals from public spaces during emergency situations such as fire, gas leakage, seismic activity, bomb scares, or other hazardous conditions. Further, the present invention employs an integrated combination of visual, audio, and digital communication to guide occupants toward safe egress routes. Unlike conventional static signage or alarm systems, the proposed system offers real-time adaptability through programmable visual indicators, intelligent control panels, sensor-driven logic, and remote notification capabilities. It ensures seamless synchronization between directional lighting elements, auditory alerts, and administrative notifications, thereby enhancing evacuation efficiency, minimizing confusion, and improving occupant safety in critical scenarios.

[0077] In emergency scenarios, especially within crowded or complex infrastructures such as malls, airports, educational institutions, hospitals, theatres, and multi-story buildings, timely evacuation becomes critical to preserving life and preventing chaos, Traditional evacuation systems, which rely on static signs and isolated alarms, often fall short in addressing real-time changes in hazard zones or directing people to alternate safe exits when primary routes are compromised. The present invention addresses these limitations by incorporating a smart, sensor- responsive framework capable of dynamically adapting evacuation cues based on real-timeinputs. The present invention not only provides visual and auditory signals but also integrates an intelligent decision-making mechanism that recalibrates evacuation paths and informs building administrators automatically. This enhances situational awareness, ensures redundancy, and significantly improves the reliability and effectiveness of emergency evacuation protocols.

[0078] The present invention pertains to a distress indicator system for emergency evacuation in public spaces that is structurally and functionally designed to ensure efficient and real-time evacuation guidance during distress or calamity conditions. The system includes a Visual and Directional Distress Indicator (VDDI), which represents a significant advancement over traditional evacuation markers. The VDDI is a Light Emitting Diode (LED)-enabled visual distress indicator uniquely shaped as an arrow, specifically designed to signify the direction of movement during an emergency. Replacing the conventional fluorescent arrow stickers typically affixed to walls or floors, the VDDI is intended for installation along staircases and walls leading to exits, providing enhanced visibility and directional clarity.

[0079] The terms Visual and Directional Distress Indicator (VDDI) and Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicator (UBDI) are identified as key architectural components that define the functional advancement of the system. The VDDI is an innovative LED-based visual signaling device designed in the shape of an arrow, which replaces traditional fluorescent markers used along evacuation routes such as staircases and corridor walls. The VDDI activates automatically upon receiving an input from the building’s fire panel or via a manual emergency switch, converting the static arrow into a dynamic, red-colored moving chevron that serves as a clear visual cue during distress conditions. It's built-in battery backup ensures more than one hour of continuous illumination, even during complete power outages.

[0080] Particularly, chevron refers to a directional visual indicator formed by an arrangement of high-intensity LEDs configured to simulate motion through sequential illumination. The chevron typically takes the shape of an arrowhead or V-shaped pattern that pulses or moves in a defined direction, thereby guiding occupants toward safe egress routes during emergency situations. Under normal conditions, the chevron remains static and illuminated in standard safety colors such as green or white, in compliance with regulatory norms. Upon activation, either through input from the fire panel or via manual override chevron transforms into a dynamic, red-colored moving pattern, providing clear, high-visibility directional guidance even in low-light, smoke- filled, or chaotic environments. The animated nature of the chevron intuitively conveys the direction of movement and can be reversed by the system to adapt to real-time hazard conditions, thus enhancing the system’s effectiveness in facilitating orderly and responsive evacuation.{0081} The UBDI is an advanced variant of the VDDI, engineered to support bidirectional signaling. It can reverse the direction of the animated chevron either automatically through realtime input data or manually via a dedicated interface. This feature is critical in scenarios where the predefined evacuation path becomes compromised, such as when the fire originates at or near the indicated exit. In such cases, the system allows on-site security personnel to ovetride default signals and redirect evacuees to safer alternative routes. The UBDI’s ability to override fire panel commands via its bidirectional switch circuitry ensures maximum adaptability during rapidly evolving emergencies. Together, the VDDI and UBDI form an intelligent, modular evacuation guidance system that not only indicates the presence of a disaster but actively adjusts to real-time conditions, offering a first-of-its-kind visual distress indicator solution. This invention addresses multiple types of disasters, including fire, gas leakage, flooding, earthquakes, and hostile attacks by delivering a reliable, power-independent, and context-aware evacuation signal that enhances safety, reduces panic, etc.

[0082] The VDDI comprises an Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicator (UBDI), which is configured to operate seamlessly in both directions along evacuation pathways, thereby enhancing evacu ation efficiency regardless of the occupant’ s location relative to exits. The UBDI is designed for ceiling or wall-mounted installation across strategic zones within public buildings such as malls, hospitals, railway stations, airports, and educational institutions. It incorporates light-emitting diode (LED)-bascd lighting elements that can switch between standard and emergency operational modes and are powered by an uninterrupted power supply to ensure visibility even during electrical failures. The bidirectional feature allows it to dynamically alter direction indicators based on the location of the distress source, thereby avoiding congestion and guiding evacuees to the safest available exit route. Its nigged construction ensures durability and resistance to environmental stressors like smoke, dust, and vibrations, while its modular configuration facilitates easy maintenance and integration with centralized emergency management systems or building automation networks.

[0083] Further, the Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicator (UBDI), including at least one of the at least one visual indicator modules as shown in Figure 1A, which is mounted within a public space such as theatres, malls, airports, hospitals, educational institutions, and other built environments where rapid evacuation may be required under emergency conditions, The visual indicator incorporates two distinct forms of visual signal, a first visual signal which operates under normal conditions, non-emergency conditions, and a directionally adaptive second visual signal which is activated in response upon detection of an emergency or hazardous situation. The second signal indicates a predefined safe route out of the public space.

[0084] The first visual signal has a static directional arrow designed to provide occupants of a public space with continuous guidance towards general egress routes during routine operation. The first visual signal typically takes the form of a directional arrow, illuminated using low- power, multi-color light-emitting diode (LED) arrays configured in a fixed pattern. The visual indicator modules are embedded in the system's display modules, such as footlight signboards along corridors, under-seat lighting in auditoriums, or mounted signage above exit doors. The directional arrows are typically in green and white, which act as passive navigational cues to orient occupants within the premises. These arrows are formed using a matrix of lighting elements, such as Red, Green, white (RGW) or high-brightness monochrome light-emitting diodes (LEDs), arranged in a grid pattern on the display. The lighting grid is electronically controlled to ensure consistent and clear illumination, typically consuming low power and operating continuously for visual familiarity. The first visual signal is illuminated continuously during regular operation and serves to orient occupants and familiarize them with the general exit layout of the building. It offers a subtle but effective visual reference that complies with standard building safety codes and ensures that egress routes remain visible even under ambient or low- light conditions.

[0085] Further, a circuitry associated with at least one visual indicator module, as depicted in Figure IB, is designed to support both standard and emergency visual signaling, vital for effective evacuation in public infrastructures such as theatres, malls, airports, hospitals, and educational institutions. Each visual indicator module houses two primary visual signals; the first, a static directional arrow, remains continuously illuminated under normal conditions using low- power Red, Green, white (RGW) or monochrome high-brightness LED matrices arranged in a defined grid patern. The signal is electronically driven by the logic unit on the circuit to offer constant orientation cues towards general egress paths. The second visual signal, activated in response to emergency triggers from fire control systems or manual switches, engages the chevron section, which modulates dynamic or phasing arrow patterns to point occupants toward the nearest safe exit.

[0086] While the second visual signal is a dynamic, adaptive, and high- visibility signal that is triggered automatically when an emergency condition is delected by the system. Upon receiving a distress signal, such as from a smoke detector, gas sensor, fire panel, or panic button, a control panel, as shown in Figure 2 A, processes the input and overrides the static first signal. The second visual signal is then activated and displayed through the same or additional visual modules, now configured to show red colored moving chevrons, animated light sequences, or pulsing LED patterns. The first visual signal and the second visual signal are highly visible and are intentionallydesigned to guide occupants with urgency toward the safest available egress route. The animated movement of the chevrons intuitively communicates directionality, and the speed of the animations may be adjusted based on the emergency type or severity.

[0087] The distress indicator system is further capable of dynamically altering the displayed route if the originally predefined exit becomes unsafe or blocked. In such cases, the control panel deactivates the chevrons pointing to the compromised exit and activates a new set of directional lights guiding individuals to an alternate route. This capability ensures a real-time, intelligent response tailored to the evolving emergency scenario. The second visual signal is also accompanied by synchronized audio alerts from embedded / connected speakers and parallelly building hooters, reinforcing the evacuation message and aiding individuals with visual impairments. Additionally, unlit or normally dark areas of the public space are illuminated by activating blank lights, which remain dormant during normal conditions but are instantly switched-on during emergencies to support the second visual signalling.

[0088] The control panel is constructed with one or more microcontroller or microprocessor units, coupled with non-transitory memory containing the evacuation logic algorithms. One or more microprocessors analyse the input data received from a sensing unit, such as fire panels, gas detectors, water-level alarms, and electromagnetic field sensors, and determine the nature, location, and severity of the emergency. Based on this evaluation, the control panel selectively activates specific display printed circuit boards (PCBs) within the visual indicator module, ensuring that evacuation directions are zone-specific and context-aware.

[0089] In the event that the predefined safe egress route becomes blocked or unsafe, for instance, due to an escalating fire or smoke spreading into an evacuation path, the control panel dynamically alters the visual instruction by updating the second visual signal on the respective displays. This is accomplished through internal logic that continuously monitors feedback loops from the sensor system. The one or more microprocessors are triggered either through software or manual intervention to identify the compromised route and select an alternate egress path, reconfiguring the visual indicator module to project the moving chevron toward this new direction. This ensures that the evacuation guidance adapts in real time, preventing bottlenecks, misdirection, or exposure to hazardous zones.

[0090] In an embodiment of the invention, the sensing unit is strategically installed within the system in the public space and configured to detect various forms of environmental or structural distress. The sensing unit plays a pivotal role in the automatic functioning of the distress indicatorsystem by continuously monitoring predefined conditions and transmitting corresponding digital signals to the control panel. Upon receiving such input, the control panel analyses the data to determine whether an emergency condition exists and, if so, initiates appropriate evacuation signalling. The sensing unit may include a diverse array of sensors to detect multiple emergency scenarios. These include, but are not limited to, fire sensors, such as smoke detectors and heat sensors; gas sensors for identifying the presence of hazardous gases like carbon monoxide, methane, Hydrogen Sulphide or liquid petroleum gas (LPG); flood or water-level sensors that monitor rising water levels in basements or critical infrastructure; earthquake or vibration sensors that detect seismic activity; electromagnetic or building sensor systems capable of monitoring access, structural pressure, or tampering; and panic alarm triggers, which may be manually operated by occupants or staff in emergency situations.

[0091] These sensors of the sensing unit are positioned at various critical locations throughout the premises, such as corridors, stairwells, service rooms, auditoriums, or entry / exit zones, based on the architectural design and risk assessment of the building. Each sensor is operatively connected to the logic unit within the control panel via a wired terminal interface. Upon activation, the sensor outputs a digital or analog signal, depending on its type, which is interpreted by the processor as a specific emergency event. For example, a high-temperature signal from a thermal sensor may indicate a fire outbreak, prompting the system to initiate evacuation signalling in the affected zone and redirect occupants away from that region. Similarly, a water-level sensor may detect rising floodwaters in a lower floor, and accordingly, the system would disable chevron indicators toward that area and illuminate alternate safe exits.

[0092] In an embodiment of the invention, the control panel is operably connected to the visual indicator module, either wired or wireless. The control panel serves as the central command unit of the distress indicator system and plays a vital role in managing, coordinating, and executing the responses of all connected visual, audio, and communication modules. Structurally, it is configured with a logic unit, one or more processing circuits, manual and automatic sw itch controls, and interfaces for receiving sensor inputs and transmitting control signals to the visual indicator modules, audio output devices, and notification systems. Functionally, the control panel operates as the intelligent decision-making hub that detects emergencies, determines the safest egress routes based on real-time data, and dynamically alters the signaling instructions accordingly. It achieves this by interfacing with various sensors installed throughout the public space, such as fire detectors, gas sensors, structural vibration sensors, or panic buttons, which provide digital input signals. Upon receiving these signals, the processing unit within the controlpanel executes a set of embedded instructions stored in a non-transitory memory, thereby initiating the emergency signaling protocol.

[0093] The control panel houses a logic unit composed of a programmable microcontroller or processor. The processor continuously monitors inputs and, when an emergency condition is recognized, it triggers a chain of output actions activating the second visual signal across appropriate display PCBs, switching on the audio alert systems, illuminating blank lights in unlit regions, and transmitting a notification alert to the administrative interface or user dashboard. The control panel is capable of dynamic route reassessment via human interface, either through software and manually. If the predefined egress route is detected to be unsafe or blocked either by manual input or feedback from the sensing unit, the logic unit through software switches the directional guidance to an alternate safe exit, by sending new control instructions to the lighting modules. This ensures that evacuation remains adaptive and context-aware throughout the duration of the emergency.

[0094] Complementing this through software and application-operated functionality is a manual switch interface, typically provided as a physical panel or incorporated within the user interface, that allows building personnel to manually override or redirect the second visual signal in case of system override, sensor failure, or unforeseen circumstances. The manual switches are directly linked to individual zones or display segments, enabling authorized personnel to activate or deactivate evacuation signals with precision. This dual-switching mechanism ensures that the system remains highly adaptable and resilient, even under complex emergency scenarios where both human judgment and automated logic may need to work in tandem.

[0095] The incorporation of both software operable and manual switching capabilities enhances the reliability, responsiveness, and flexibility of the evacuation signalling process. It empowers the system to react intelligently to sensor data while still allowing for operator-led intervention, thus ensuring that the safest possible egress route is always illuminated and clearly indicated to the occupants. This embodiment is particularly beneficial in multi-zone buildings or facilities with complex layouts, where evacuation decisions may need to be tailored to specific floors, wings, or occupancy patterns in real time.

[0096] Moreover, the control panel of the distress indicator system is equipped with one or more processors in electronic communication with at least one non-transitory memory storing machine- readable instructions. These processors execute a sequence of operations that govern the behaviour of the system during an emergency, enabling it to function in a fully automated and adaptive manner. When the system is active, the processor first receives an input from the sensingunit, which may include digital signals from fire alarms, gas detectors, seismic sensors, panic switches, or other building management inputs. Based on the nature and location of the input, the processor then proceeds to determine whether an emergency condition exists, using predefined threshold values, logic comparisons, or sensor fusion algorithms.

[0097] Once the emergency is verified, the processor issues a command to trigger the visual indicator components to switch from their default static state (first visual signal) to the second visual signal, thereby guiding occupants toward the predefined safe egress route. At the same time, the system activates blank lights that are otherwise inactive during normal conditions, ensuring that previously unlit or dim areas of the building are adequately illuminated, improving visibility for safe evacuation. In parallel, the processor actuates the audio transducer, which may include a main hooter and multiple zone-specific speakers, to generate an auditory distress signal, synchronized with the visual indicators to reinforce the evacuation message.

[0098] The battery backup is capable of sustaining full system functionality, especially the activation of the second visual signal, main hooter, and control logic processing for a predetermined minimum duration, typically ranging from 30 minutes to several hours, depending on the capacity and system size. This ensures that evacuation can be completed safely even during prolonged power disruptions. In larger installations, the system may also support battery health monitoring, low-battery alerts, and scheduled battery tests to ensure readiness. Additionally, power-efficient design strategies, such as the use of low-consumption LED drivers and optimized microcontrollers, help extend the operational time on backup power.

[0099] By integrating a reliable and responsive rechargeable power source, the invention ensures that all critical emergency functionalities remain active and accessible regardless of the availability of external power. This design feature significantly enhances the resilience and dependability of the distress indicator system, making it compliant with safety standards and suitable for use in high-risk, high-occupancy environments such as commercial complexes, educational institutions, healthcare facilities, transportation terminals, and other public infrastructure.

[0100] In a further embodiment of the invention, the distress indicator system includes an automatic application-controlled switch, in combination with at least one manual switch, all of which are connected to the system’s control panel to facilitate both software and manual alteration of the second visual signal. This configuration allows the system to dynamically modify the visual evacuation guidance displayed through the visual indicator modules, particularly when theinitially predefined egress route becomes unsafe or inaccessible due to the evolving nature of the emergency.(00101] The automatic switches are controlled by software logic embedded in the control panel’s processing unit. These switches respond to real-time inputs from the sensing units, such as fire detection, gas leaks, or crowd congestion indicators, and automatically activate or deactivate specific display PCBs or LED segments to redirect evacuation flow. For instance, if the primary escape corridor is blocked by smoke or debris, the logic unit will deactivate the corresponding visual signal (i.e., moving chevrons pointing to that route) and instruct the software or manual switches to activate alternate PCBs, illuminating a different exit path dial leads away from the hazard. This process is executed through digitally controlled relay switches or solid-state switching mechanisms integrated into the system architecture, ensuring fast and reliable signal rerouting without manual intervention.

[0102] In an embodiment of the invention, the distress indicator system is configured with a cascaded multiple control panel as depicted in Figure 2B to support large-scale public spaces and multi-zone infrastructures. In this configuration, a primary master control panel is operatively linked with multiple subordinate or secondary control panels, each assigned to monitor and manage a specific zone, floor, or wing of the building. These cascaded control panels operate in a hierarchical and coordinated manner, where the master panel receives macro-level inputs and disseminates high-level evacuation commands, while each subordinate panel independently processes localized sensor data and executes context-specific evacuation signalling for its designated area. This distributed architecture ensures enhanced scalability, redundancy, and fault isolation enabling the system to maintain partial functionality even if one control panel or its associated zone becomes compromised.

[0103] Furthermore, the cascaded control panels communicate with each other via wired or wireless protocols, allowing real-time synchronization of evacuation paths across interconnected zones. In emergencies where the threat dynamically shifts from one region to another, the subordinate control panels autonomously adjust the second visual signals, blank light activations, and audio alerts in their respective zones, while continuously relaying status updates to the master panel. This layered control strategy significantly enhances the responsiveness, adaptability, and reliability of the system in complex and high-occupancy environments,

[0104] In an embodiment, one or more display modules form a central part of the visual indicator component of the distress indicator system and are responsible for delivering clear and adaptive visual guidance to occupants within public spaces. Each display module comprises a matrix oflighting elements, such as RGW (Red, Green, White) or high-brightness monochrome LEDs, arranged in a grid or linear configuration, depending on the intended installation area. The design of the display module allows it to operate in two modes: under normal conditions, it emits a first static visual signal, typically in the form of a green and white directional arrow, which passively indicates the general direction of exits; and during emergency conditions, it transitions to a second dynamic visual signal, which includes red coloured moving chevrons, pulsing arrows, or animated light sequences to guide occupants urgently toward a safe egress route. The lighting matrix is electronically controlled via a dedicated control circuit that receives instructions from the system's central control panel. This configuration enables the display module to dynamically update the direction or pattern of illumination in response to changing emergency scenarios, such as blocked routes or newly identified hazards. The display modules are deployed in various physical forms such as arrow footlights, staircase column lights, theatre aisle lights, and crowd control panels, each tailored to provide context-specific evacuation guidance. Their robust design, high visibility, and adaptability make them critical to ensuring intuitive and rapid evacuation in diverse environments, including commercial buildings, transportation terminals, and entertainment venues.

[0105] According to an embodiment of the invention, the arrow footlight, referring to Figure3A, functions as a primary directional guidance system installed along corridors, walkways, and near exits within public spaces along the lower end of the walls, preferably around 1-2 feet above the floor towards the exit path. The arrow footlight consists of a matrix of high-brightness LEDs arranged to form clear, static arrows during normal conditions and animated moving chevrons during emergencies. Under normal operation, the arrows provide passive orientation cues, typically illuminated in green and white to indicate the nearest exits subtly. In addition, the arrow footlight module is associated with a dedicated circuitry configured to drive the matrix of high- brightness LEDs, During normal conditions, the circuitry activates specific LED segments to display static arrows illuminated in green and white, providing passive orientation cues toward the nearest exits. The circuitry ensures a stable power supply and consistent illumination by controlling the LEDs through pre-defined logic embedded in the circuitry, based on signals received from the control panel.

[0106] When an emergency is detected, the control panel triggers the transition to the second visual signal as depicted in Figure 3B, causing the footlights and signboards to display animated chevrons that pulse or move sequentially, visually indicating the safest egress route. The LEDs are driven by the control panel via multiplexed circuits that selectively illuminate specific segments to create the desired animation effect. This dynamic lighting pattern intuitively directsoccupants, even under low visibility or high-stress conditions, by creating a sense of motion pointing toward the exit. In addition, the associated dedicated circuitry dynamically drives the matrix of high-brightness LEDs to generate animated moving chevrons. The circuitry utilizes multiplexed LED control; wherein sequential illumination of specific LED segments creates a puls ing or directional motion effect. This animated pattern, typically in red or high-intensity color, is triggered by input signals from the control panel, which override the static display. The active mode enhances visual urgency and directional clarity, guiding occupants swiftly and intuitively toward the safest egress route, even under low-visibility or high-stress scenarios.

[0107] Further, an arrow light with chevrons reversed from the control panel, as depicted in Figure 3C, which is activated when the originally predefined egress route becomes inaccessible due to an evolving emergency condition. In this configuration, the control panel sends a reverse command signal to the corresponding circuitry of the arrow footlight module, causing the direction of the animated chevrons to invert. The circuitry is designed to instantly reconfigure the LED sequencing logic through programmable microcontrollers, ensuring that the chevrons now point toward an alternate, safe exit. The reverse display capability enhances the system's adaptability, allowing real-time redirection of evacuation paths based on updated sensor inputs or manual override, thereby ensuring occupant safety throughout the emergency scenario,

[0108] In a further embodiment, the visual indicator module of the distress indicator system includes an exit sign board as referring to Figure 4 A, specifically configured for placement above doorways or exits in public spaces where points of ingress and egress are limited or constrained such as in auditoriums, hospital wards, stairwells, and emergency exits. This exit sign board is constructed using a matrix of high-intensity red LEDs arranged to form a chevron-shaped arrow pointing downwards, which remains inactive or emits a static green and white ‘EXIT’ sign during normal operation. Upon detection of an emergency condition, the control panel activates the exit sign board through a command interface, causing it to switch to the second visual signal. The circuitry associated with the exit sign board module is embedded with LED driver ICs and a programmable microcontroller, which receives control signals from the central panel. The microcontroller governs the activation logic, enabling the static arrow to transform into animated pulsing chevrons that emphasize the downward direction of the nearest safe exit, thereby enhancing visibility and reinforcing the evacuation path.

[0109] In this emergency state, the exit sign board, as shown in Figure 4B, emits a red-colored, moving chevron pattern, with the animated segments flowing in a downward direction. This unidirectional signal is specially designed to grab attention and to visually reinforce the availability22and location of the exit directly beneath it. The downward motion of the chevron visually conveys an urgent but orderly path to safety, helping to prevent hesitation or confusion during high-stress evacuation scenarios. The design ensures high visibility even through smoke, crowd density, or poor ambient lighting. This feature is particularly effective in spaces where exits are fewer or less visible and where quick identification of escape points is critical to successful evacuation.

[0110] As part of the broader visual indicator system, the exit sign board works in synchronization with footlights, audio alerts, and blank lighting to ensure seamless guidance for occupants during emergencies. In addition, a dedicated circuitry is embedded with a microcontroller and LED driver ICs. Upon receiving an emergency trigger from the control panel, the microcontroller executes pre-programmed logic to override the default static display and activate the high-intensity red LEDs arranged in a chevron arrow pattern. The circuitry controls the sequential illumination of LED segments to create a dynamic, animated chevron effect pointing downward, clearly indicating the evacuation direction. The circuitry incorporates multiplexed output channels and current-limiting resistors to ensure uniform brightness and controlled power consumption during continuous operation under emergency conditions.

[0111] Further, the sensors in future integrated with a building’s central management system, allowing for bidirectional communication and broader context-aware decision-making. The sens ing unit not only identifies the occurrence of an emergency b ut may also help as sess the safest available egress route by indicating which areas are still safe and which are compromised. This data is relayed to the control panel ’ s processor, which then dynamically determi nes the evacuation path to be indicated through the second visual signal and coordinated audio alerts. In this way, the sensing unit contributes to the core intelligence of the system, enabling real-time, conditionbased evacuation responses that are both localized and adaptable.

[0112] By incorporating various types of sensors capable of detecting different emergency conditions and by providing instantaneous input to the control logic, the sensing unit ensures that the system is proactive and responsive. This allows the distress indicator system to avoid reliance on human intervention during the critical first moments of an emergency and to automatically activate- visual and audio evacuation cues tailored to the specific threat, thereby enhancing occupant safety and evacuation efficiency.

[0113] Further, referring to Figure 5A, the staircase column light module is specifically designed for vertical guidance within stairwells, one of the most critical evacuation points in multi-level buildings. These lights are mounted on stair columns or walls and consist of vertically aligned LEDs programmed to light sequentially in an upward or downward direction, dependingon the evacuation path determined by the control panel. In addition, the circuitry is embedded within the staircase column light module governs the activation and animation of the vertical LED sequence. It is configured with an array of addressable LED drivers controlled by a microcontroller, which receives directional commands from the main control panel. In an emergency, based on whether occupants are required to evacuate upward or downward, the circuitry logic triggers a cascading illumination effect where LEDs light up sequentially from top to bottom or vice versa to visually reinforce the direction of safe movement. The circuitry ensures precise timing and synchronization of the LED sequence, enhancing visibility and intuitiveness of guidance even in low-light or high-stress situations.

[0114] When activated during an emergency, as shown in Figure 5B, these lights generate a flowing chevron or directional pulse that visually guides occupants to move either up or down the stairs safely. The sequential lighting effect is controlled by timing circuits within the control panel, ensuring smooth and clear motion cues that are easy to follow even in smoke-filled or dark conditions. This vertical signaling reduces confusion on stairs, improves flow efficiency, and minimizes bottlenecks. In addition, in active mode, the staircase light module operates through an integrated circuit-based system that generates a dynamic, sequential lighting pattern using its embedded circuitry. The circuitry contains a timing circuit and a microcontroller that receive activation signals from the control panel during emergencies. Upon receiving the trigger, the circuitry executes a predefined logic that energizes the vertically aligned LEDs in a flowing chevron sequence either upward or downward, depending on the designated evacuation route. This animated effect is precisely timed to simulate directional motion, guiding occupants safely and effectively through stairwells. The robust circuitry ensures reliable performance under adverse conditions, including low visibility caused by smoke or power outages,

[0115] Further, a staircase light module with chevron reversed from the control panel, as shown in Figure 5C, is configured to display a directional light sequence opposite to the originally defined evacuation path. This reversal is automatically triggered when the control panel receives sensor input indicating that the initial stairwell route has become unsafe or blocked. In response, the control panel sends updated instructions to the circuitry within flic staircase light module, altering the activation sequence of the LEDs, The chevron pattern then flows in the opposite direction, either from bottom to top or top to bottom, visually instructing occupants to take an alternate vertical path. This reversed lighting sequence ensures adaptive evacuation guidance and enhances occupant safety by preventing movement toward hazardous zones.

[0116] These figures show the external mounting and internal circuit architecture of the light module designed for stairwell applications. The external LED arrangement that produces downward or upward chevron animations based on the emergency's nature, while the Figures reveal the internal control wiring and timing circuits enabling the sequential illumination. The module is configured to visually guide evacuees safely through vertical escape routes, with LED brightness and sequence timing controlled by commands from the control panel, ensuring reliability in dense smoke or dark environments.

[0117] Referring to Figure 6A, a theatre light module is illustrated, which is configured for use in environments such as auditoriums, cinemas, or performance venues. This module comprises a linear or grid arrangement of high-brightness LED elements embedded beneath seats or along aisle flooring. Under normal operating conditions, the module remains dim or inactive to avoid distracting from ongoing activities. The animation sequence is controlled via an onboard circuitry integrated within each module and synchronized through multiplexed signal inputs from the control panel. This circuitry enables timed activation and precise coordination of lighting sequences, ensuring a clear visual path even in dark or crowded settings. The dynamic lighting aids in calm and efficient evacuation without causing panic or confusion.

[0118] Upon detection of an emergency, the control panel activates as shown in Figure 6B, the module to emit a sequential lighting pattern, typically in the form of pulsing or moving chevrons, that indicates the direction of the nearest exit. This visual guidance is designed to function effectively in low-light or smoke-obscured conditions, and its integration along floor pathways ensures that it remains visible even in crowded seating configurations. The theatre light module enhances safe and orderly evacuation, particularly in spaces with tiered or densely packed seating. The dedicated circuitry which is receives digital control signals from the central control panel. The circuitry incorporates timing circuits and driver integrated circuit ICs that regulate the activation sequence of the high-brightness LEDs embedded along the floor pathways. The circuitry enables precise synchronization of pulsing or moving light effects, ensuring that directional cues are continuous and easily perceivable during emergencies. The circuitry also supports feedback communication with the control panel, allowing real-time updates or reversal of the chevron direction based on dynamically changing evacuation routes.

[0119] Referring to Figure 6C, depicted the theatre light module with the chevron direction reversed from the control panel. In this configuration, the control panel issues a command to the module’s dedicated circuitry to invert the sequence of the illuminated chevrons, guiding occupants in the opposite direction due to a detected obstruction or hazard along the initially indicated path. The reversal logic is executed through pre-programmed control algorithmsembedded in the circuitry, which adjust the activation timing of the LED segments to produce a visually intuitive flow in the reverse direction. This dynamic response ensures that evacuation guidance remains adaptive and context-sensitive, even in complex or evolving emergency scenarios.

[0120] The theatre light module is adapted for environments such as auditoriums, cinemas, and theatres, where evacuation visibility is critical. The placement of lighting modules along aisles or under seals. These modules are integrated within flooring or seat rows and remain dim or inactive under normal conditions to preserve ambient lighting. The internal configuration of the LED matrix and the control logic that enables sequential activation. When an emergency is detected, the lights illuminate in a moving wave pattern along the aisles to visually direct occupants toward the nearest exits. These lights are controlled by signals from the central control panel, which ensures synchronization with emergency detection and adapts the direction of the light flow based on safe route availability,

[0121] Further, the above-mentioned figures present a modular variant of the theatre light system that displays an expanded version of the lighting configuration tailored for large or tiered seating areas, particularly in multiplexes, auditoriums, and lecture halls. The lights are designed for under-seat or floor-level mounting and are divided into independent zones or rows. The wiring and control segments allow row-wise or zone-wise activation based on hazard proximity. During emergencies, this design enables controlled, progressive evacuation by illuminating one row at a time, based on input from environmental sensors or manual commands. This zone-specific signalling improves evacuation flow and prevents crowding, particularly in high-occupancy environments.

[0122] In an embodiment of the invention, an exit sign board with an arrow module is designed for installation adjacent to exit doors and also along pathways in public spaces, as shown in Figure 7A, providing clear evacuation guidance during emergencies. This module integrates high- visibility exit signage with an arrow sign formed by an array of high-intensity LEDs mounted on dedicated circuitry. The circuitry is configured to control the illumination pattern of the arrow, operating under normal and emergency conditions. In standby mode, the arrow remains static and typically illuminated in green to denote a safe exit. The module includes LED driver circuitry, signal interfaces, and programmable logic that allows the module to seamlessly transition between modes upon receiving control signals from the main control panel.

[0123] Referring to Figure 7B, having the door exit board module with its arrow in active mode, triggered during an emergency event. In this state, the control panel communicates with thecircuitry of the exit board module, which responds by initiating a dynamic lighting sequence. The circuitry activates the LEDs in a pulsing or animated chevron pattern that points toward the exit, thereby creating a clear visual directive for occupants. This active mode enhances visibility and directional clarity under adverse conditions such as smoke or low lighting. The LED matrix arrangement, timing control circuits, and data input lines that coordinate the movement of the visual signal in real-time.

[0124] An exit sign board module with an arrow, chevron reversed from the control panel as referred to in Figure 7C, is designed to dynamically adapt evacuation guidance based on real- time hazard assessment. In this configuration, the control panel detects that the originally indicated exit path is no longer safe due to factors such as fire, smoke, or obstruction and transmits a command to reverse the directional chevron on the exit sign board module. The PCB within the sign board receives the new instructions and alters the LED illumination sequence, deactivating the previous arrow and activating a reversed chevron pattern. This reversal is executed by switching the illumination logic in the microcontroller, enabling the animated red LEDs to display motion in the opposite direction, thereby intuitively guiding occupants away from the compromised route and toward an alternate safe exit.

[0125] In certain embodiments, the sensors may be integrated with a building’s central management system, allowing for bidirectional communication and broader context-aware decision-making. The sensing unit not only identifies the occurrence of an emergency but may also help assess the safest available egress route by indicating which areas are still safe and which are compromised. This data is relayed to the control panel’s processor, which then dynamically determines the evacuation path to be indicated through the second visual signal and coordinated audio alerts. In this way, the sensing unit contributes to the core intelligence of the system, enabling real-time, condition-based evacuation responses that are both localized and adaptable.

[0126] By incorporating various types of sensors capable of detecting different emergency conditions and by providing instantaneous input to the control logic, the sensing unit ensures that the system is proactive and responsive. This allows the distress indicator system to avoid reliance on human intervention during the critical first moments of an emergency and to automatically activate visual and audio evacuation cues tailored to the specific threat, thereby enhancing occupant safety and evacuation efficiency.

[0127] In another embodiment of the invention, the distress indicator system further comprises an audio output module, which is configured to generate distinct audio signals in synchronization with the visual indicator module, particularly when the second visual signal is activated inresponse to an emergency. The audio output module serves as an essential sensing unit within the system, particularly for individuals with visual impairments, and significantly enhances the overall effectiveness of evacuation alerts by delivering multimodal feedback. Upon detection of an emergency condition such as fire, gas leakage, earthquake, or structural hazard, the control panel’s logic unit not only triggers the animated visual chevrons across the display modules but also simultaneously activates the audio output module. The audio output module activates a main hooter placed in the building upon detection of an emergency to provide a distinct sound for alerting occupants and facilitating evacuation procedures, and a plurality of speakers, each connected to an individual product within the system, which emit additional sounds to alert the occupants. The plurality of speakers is located near footlights, staircases, exit signboards, and theatre aisles, ensuring zone-wise coverage and synchronized auditory signaling.

[0128] The audio signals generated may include loud alarms, hooter tones, pre-recorded evacuation messages, or a combination thereof, and are designed to convey urgency and draw attention toward the nearest safe egress route. The main hooter typically emits a building-wide, high-decibel alert to ensure immediate awareness, while the distributed speakers provide localized guidance, sometimes in the form of repetitive voice prompts such as “Please start following the light” or directional audio cues matching the movement of the visual chevrons. . These auditory alerts are synchronized in timing and sequence with the motion of the visual chevrons to create a coherent evacuation path.

[0129] In dark, smoke-filled, or crowded environments, where visual cues may be obscured or difficult to interpret, the audio output module becomes a crucial layer of redundancy, ensuring that evacuation instructions are not missed. Additionally, the system ensures continuous operation of the audio module through a battery-backed power supply, enabling alerts even during total power failure. The integration of both central and local sound sources allows the system to scale across various infrastructures while maintaining precision and clarity in audio output. Particularly, the audio output module works in tandem with the visual indicator system to provide a dual-modality evacuation experience, enhancing accessibility, reinforcing situational awareness, and facilitating timely, organized, and safe evacuation from public spaces during emergencies.

[0130] In yet another embodiment of the invention, the distress indicator system comprises a notification module that functions as a communication network, referring to Figure 8, between the system’s control panel and the administrative personnel responsible for managing the public space. The notification module is configured to transmit alarm signals and textual alerts to a designated user interface, such as a control room display, mobile device, tablet, or integratedbuilding management system, upon the receipt of a distress signal by the control panel. This component ensures that emergency events are not only handled automatically at the sensory and signalling level, but are also communicated in real time to human supervisor's, enabling manual oversight, intervention, or escalation if required. Upon detection of an emergency condition such as a fire, gas leak, structural disturbance, or manual panic activation, the control panel processes the input through its logic unit and concurrently triggers the notification module.

[0131] The notification module sends an alarm sound, typically a digital audio alert or tone, to the user interface to attract immediate attention. Simultaneously, it transmits a text message, which may include critical data such as the type of emergency, exact location or zone, timestamp, and status of evacuation signals activated in response. These messages can be delivered in various formats, such as pop-up alerts on dedicated dashboards, SMS messages, emails, or push notifications via a mobile application. This dual-mode alert audio and textual ensures that building administrators are promptly and clearly informed of unfolding emergency conditions, even if they are remotely located or occupied with other tasks.

[0132] In networked building environments, the notification module may be integrated into a centralized monitoring system or building automation infrastructure, allowing for bi-directional communication. In such configurations, administrators can not only receive alerts but also send commands back to the control panel, such as to initiate a manual override, reset the system postincident, or reroute evacuation pathways based on real-time observations. The system may also log each notification event, creating a digital trail for post-incident analysis and regulatory compliance.

[0133] The notification module plays a critical role in the overall responsiveness of the distress indicator system, as it bridges automated emergency detection with human decision-making. By ensuring that the right information reaches the right personnel at the right time, the notification module enhances situational awareness, facilitates swift administrative action, and adds an essential layer of accountability and control to the automated evacuation process. It is particularly valuable in large or complex public facilities such as airports, shopping malls, hospitals, or campuses where local and remote teams must coordinate to manage high-occupancy areas during emergency conditions.

[0134] In another embodiment of the invention, the system includes a user interface that is adapted to connect with the control panel via a communication network, thereby enabling both automatic and manual control functionalities for managing the operation of the distress indicatorsys tem. This user interface may be a graphical control terminal, a touchscreen panel, a web-based dashboard, or a mobile application, designed to provide real-time interaction between the administrative personnel and the system’s control logic. Through this interface, users can monitor the status of all connected modules, receive alerts and diagnostics, and issue commands to activate or override the visual indicator components.

[0135] The primary function of the user interface is to allow manual input for activating specific display modules in cases where human judgment or predefined emergency protocols require a particular egress route to be illuminated especially in response to situations that may not yet be registered by the system’s sensors. For instance, security personnel observing crowd congestion or an external threat can use the interface to manually reroute evacuation signals toward alternate exits, ensuring safety through proactive intervention. In such scenarios, the interface provides zone-wise access, allowing operators to activate individual footlights, staircase indicators, or exit chevrons across different display PCBs, either independently or as part of a coordinated evacuation flow.

[0136] Additionally, the user interface supports automatic input handling by receiving systemgenerated signals from the control panel, which are then displayed in the form of notifications, system status updates, and suggested evacuation routes. This ensures that users are constantly informed of live emergency conditions and the current response actio ns undertaken by the sy s tem. The interface also displays whether each zone is operating under normal conditions (first visual signal active) or emergency mode (second visual signal active), and whether any areas are compromised or unlit. Integrated logging functionality allows the interface to record all manual overrides and system events for post-incident review.

[0137] Communication between the user interface and the control panel occurs via a wired or wireless communication network, which may include Ethernet, Wi-Fi, RS-485, or loT protocols, depending on the infrastructure. The interface is designed with appropriate authentication and access controls, ensuring that only authorized personnel can issue critical commands or alter egress patterns. In larger facilities, multiple user interfaces may be installed at strategic control points, all synchronized with the central control panel to maintain consistency in emergency messaging and evacuation logic.

[0138] Particularly, the user interface provides a vital layer of human-machine interaction, giving authorized users the ability to oversee, manage, and respond to emergencies with both precision and flexibility. It ensures that while the system is capable of autonomous operationthrough sensor-based inputs, it remains fully accessible for manual decision-making, making the evacuation process more robust, accountable, and adaptable to a range of real-world scenarios.

[0139] In yet another embodiment of the invention, the distress indicator system is configured to be powered by a rechargeable power source, thereby ensuring uninterrupted operation during emergency conditions, particularly in the event of a primary power supply failure. Emergencies such as fires, earthquakes, or electrical faults often result in a sudden disruption of grid power, which can critically impair the functioning of life-saving systems if not adequately backed by a secondary energy source. To address this vulnerability, the present invention incorporates a dedicated rechargeable battery unit integrated into the system’s control panel and core circuit modules, including the visual indicator components, audio output modules, and notification systems.

[0140] The power backup unit is preferably composed of sealed lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion battery packs, or any other suitable long-life rechargeable technology, chosen for their reliability, safety, and ability to supply stable voltage over extended durations. These battery units are maintained in a charged state through a continuous charging circuit during normal operation and are automatically switched into active mode the moment a power outage or voltage drop is detected. The transition to battery power is seamless, allowing the system to remain fully functional without any delay or flicker, thus maintaining continuous visual guidance, audio alarms, and communication alerts when they are most needed.

[0141] Referring to Figure 9, a layout of various Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicators (UBDI) and associated system components deployed in a homogeneous environment, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. The representation highlights the integrated functionality of the distress indicator system under uniform architectural and infrastructural conditions, such as those found in malls, auditoriums, or airport terminals. The figure demonstrates how multiple visual indicator modules, including footlights, exit signboards, and staircase lights, are systematically arranged to form a cohesive evacuation guidance network. These modules are centrally controlled by a unified control panel , which processes real-time input from strategically placed environmental sensors and dynamically activates directionally adaptive visual signals. The homogeneous layout ensures seamless communication between display elements and audio modules, thereby enabling synchronized visual and auditory evacuation cues across all zones. This configuration enhances evacuation effectiveness by maintaining consistent signal patterns and ensuring unambiguous routing in environments with uniform structural features and risk distribution.

[0142] In addition, the UBDI system incorporates redundancy and fail-safe mechanisms tailored to homogeneous environments, ensuring continued functionality even in the event of partial system failure or localized disruptions. For instance, each visual indicator module is equipped with local fallback logic, allowing it to operate independently based on preconfigured scenarios if communication with the central control panel is lost. Power-over-Ethemet (PoE) connectivity further simplifies installation while providing both power and data through a single infrastructure, enhancing system resilience and reducing maintenance overhead. The design also supports realtime diagnostics and remote monitoring, allowing facility managers to assess the operational status of each module and perform predictive maintenance. This robust integration of hardware and software components not only strengthens the system's reliability but also ensures that evacuation guidance remains clear, consistent, and responsive under varying emergency conditions.

[0143] In an embodiment of the invention, Figure 10 describes an immediate output of visual indicators upon sensing an emergency. The system's rapid response mechanism is triggered by environmental sensors such as fire detectors, gas sensors, or panic buttons. Once an emergency condition is detected, the control panel instantly processes the input and activates the second visual signal across the relevant Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicator (UBDI) modules. These include footlights, exit signboards, and staircase lights, which shift from their normal static mode to dynamic, high-visibility moving chevrons. The figure emphasizes the synchronized activation of multiple display modules, which ensures that occupants receive immediate, clear, and directionally accurate evacuation guidance. This real-time responsiveness is critical in preventing delays, minimizing confusion, and enabling orderly evacuation during rapidly evolving emergencies.

[0144] Additionally, the prioritization logic embedded within the control system which allows the visual indicators to adapt based on the severity and location of the detected threat. For example, in the event of a localized fire, the system can dynamically reroute evacuation paths away from the hazard zone by selectively activating directional signals that guide occupants toward the safest exits. This intelligent routing capability is further enhanced by sensor fusion techniques that aggregate data from multiple input sources to produce a comprehensive situational awareness. Moreover, the visual signals are designed to be perceptible under adverse conditions such as smoke or power outages, utilizing high-intensity LEDs and battery-backed operation. By integrating these adaptive and resilient features, the system ensures that evacuation instructions remain visible, context-aware, and actionable from the moment an emergency is detected.

[0145] Further, referring to Figure 11 depicts the reversal of chevrons as per the requirement from the control panel. The system’s adaptive capability to alter evacuation routes dynamically based on updated hazard assessments. When a predefined egress route becomes unsafe due to fire, blockage, or crowd congestion, the control panel overrides the active visual signals and commands the reversal of chevron direction in the affected visual indicator modules. This action is achieved either automatically through sensor feedback or manually via the user interface. The figure demonstrates how the system recalibrates its visual guidance in real time by switching the direction of chevrons on modules such as footlights, staircase lights, and exit signs, thereby rerouting occupants toward an alternate, safer exit. This reversible chevron feature enhances evacuation safety, flexibility, and situational awareness across complex infrastructures.

[0146] Moreover, the importance of the system’s bidirectional communication framework, which facilitates continuous feedback between the control panel and individual UBDI modules during evacuation events. This communication loop allows the system not only to issue reversal commands but also to confirm their successful execution and monitor the flow of evacuees through various segments of the building. In scenarios involving rapidly shifting hazards or simultaneous threats, the system can initiate multiple chevron reversals across different zones in a coordinated manner, optimizing crowd distribution and minimizing bottlenecks. The integration of real-time analytics and spatial mapping further refines this process by identifying emerging congestion points and recalibrating visual signals accordingly. Through this intelligent, responsive design, the reversible chevron mechanism contributes to a dynamic evacuation model capable of adapting to unfolding emergency conditions with precision and clarity.

[0147] The proposed distress indicator system offers numerous advantages over traditional evacuation methods. Key benefits include real-time adaptability to dynamic emergencies, enhanced visibility through synchronized visual and audio cues, and intuitive directionality that minimizes confusion during evacuation. The integration of sensor-based automation with manual override options ensures both proactive and reactive response capabilities. Its modular and scalable architecture allows deployment in varied public infrastructure while maintaining centralized control and system-wide synchronization. Additionally, the incorporation of rechargeable backup power ensures uninterrupted operation during power failures, reinforcing the system’s reliability and compliance with safety standards.

[0148] The distress indicator system presented herein offers a robust, intelligent, and comprehensive solution to emergency evacuation challenges in public spaces. By integrating real- time sensor input, dynamic visual and auditory signalling, centralized control logic, and administrative communication, the system ensures rapid, accurate, and accessible evacuationguidance. Its modular design supports scalability and customization across diverse environments such as malls, hospitals, airports, and educational institutions. The inclusion of both automated and manual override capabilities, as well as an independent power backup, underscores its reliability under critical conditions. This invention not only enhances the safety and situational awareness of occupants during emergencies but also empowers administrative personnel to make timely and informed decisions, ultimately reducing risk and improving public safety outcomes.

[0149] Although the present invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments and examples thereof, other embodiments and equivalents are also possible. Despite the fact that various characteristics and advantages of the present invention have been laid down in the description, other modifications and applications are still possible in the presently disclosed device without deviating ftom the intended scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

laim1. A distress indicator system for emergency evacuation in public spaces, comprising: a visual and Directional Distress Indicator (VDDI) including an Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicator (UBDI), configured for installation in public buildings and to facilitate real-time evacuation guidance during distress or calamity conditions, wherein the Uninterrupted Bidirectional Distress Indicator (UBDI) comprises: a) at least one visual indicator module mounted within a public space, configured to emit a first visual signal under normal conditions and a directionally adaptive second visual signal upon detection of an emergency, wherein the second visual signal indicates a predefined safe egress route out of the public space; b) a control panel operably connected to the visual indicator module, configured to trigger the visual indicator module to display the second visual signal upon detection of the emergency condition, and to alter the egress route indicated via the second visual signal to an alternate egress route in response to a blocked or unsafe predefined egress route; c) a sensing unit installed within the public spacecapable of transmitting an input for the control panel for detection of the emergency and the safe egress route; d) an audio output module configured to the control panel, to generate an audio signal in synchronization with the visual indicator module emitting the second visual signal, thereby providing an additional auditory alert during emergency situations; e) a notification module configured to the control panel, to send an alarm sound, and a text-based alert message, to a user interface, alerting an administrative person of the public space upon receipt of a distress signal by the control panel; andI) one or more display modules, each including a matrix of lighting elements operable to selectively illuminate directional signals, wherein the display modules are configured to display a first static visual signal under normal conditions and a second dynamic visual signal during an emergency to indicate a safe egress route.

2. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first visual signal is a directional arrow during normal conditions, and the second visual signal is a moving chevron indicating the direction to safe egress out of the public space.

3. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first static visual signal under normal conditions, the first signal comprising a standard green and white EXIT sign or directional arrow.

4. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second dynamic visual signal includes a red-colored moving chevron to indicate the safe egress direction and is configured to update in real time based on inputs received from the control panel regarding the current status of predefined evacuation routes.

5. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the visual indicator module comprises a plurality of lighting elements arranged in a grid pattern, selectively illuminated to dynamically indicate the safe egress route.

6. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the visual indicator module further comprises a plurality of footlights, staircase lights and exit sign boards installed throughout the public space to provide additional indication of the safe egress route.

7. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the visual indicator module further comprises a plurality of blank lights positioned at unlit regions of the public space, activated to provide illumination during an emergency.

8. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the visual indicator module further comprises an exit sign board mounted above doors in public spaces having limited points of ingress and egress, and wherein upon activation by the control panel, interface during an emergency condition, the exit sign board is configured to display a red colored moving chevron pointing downwards, the signal being uni-directional and adapted to visually indicate an evacuation condition.

9. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the audio output module activates a main hooter placed in the building upon detection of an emergency to provide a distinct sound for alerting occupants and facilitating evacuation procedures, and a plurality of speakers, each connected to an individual product within the system, which emit additional sounds to alert the occupants.

10. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the exits of the public space is marked by an illuminated visual marker.

11. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein a communication network is provided to enable bi-directional communication between the control panel and the alerting components of the system.

12. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein a user interface is adapted to connectwith the control panel via the communication network, to enable automatic and manual input for activating the visual indicator component to indicate a specific safe egress route.

13. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system is powered by a rechargeable power source to account for failure of the power supply during the emergency.

14. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensing module is selected from fire panels, panic alarm, building sensor system, a plurality of hazardous gas sensors, water-level sensors, earthquake sensors, and any kind of electromagnetic sensor which provides a digital signal to indicate distress.

15. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein automatic application-controlled switches, along with a manual switch, are connected to the control panel to automatically and manually alter the second visual signal imparted by the visual indicator component to indicate an alternate safe egress route.

16. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the control panel comprises one or more processors in communication with at least one non-transitory memory containing instructions, wherein the one or more processors execute the instructions to: a. receive an input from the sensing means; b. determine an emergency based on the input; c. trigger the visual indicator component to display the second visual signal, indicating the predefined safe egress route; d. activate the blank lights to illuminate unlit areas of the public space; e. actuate the audio transducer to generate an audio distress signal; f. establish the predefined egress route being blocked; g. activate the lighting elements of the visual indicator component to indicate the alternate safe egress route; and h. send a notification to the administrative personnel via the user interface to indicate an emergency.

17. The distress indicator system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein a process for evacuating a public space in an emergency, comprises steps of; a. detecting an emergency condition in the public space; b. indicating to the predefined safe egress route, by triggering the visual indicator component to display the second visual signal; c. illuminating unlit areas of the public space, by activating the blank lights;d. generating an audio distress signal by triggering the audio transducer; and e. altering the direction of the second visual signal for indicating the alternate safe egress route, if the predefined safe egress is blocked.

Images