Method performed by terminal or network in wireless communication system, and apparatus therefor

Abstract

A terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may: receive configuration information for a wake up signal (WUS) via higher layer signaling; switch a cell for detection of the WUS from a first cell to a second cell among a plurality of cells; detect the WUS on the second cell on the basis of the configuration information; and monitor, on the basis of the detection of the WUS, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from the plurality of cells.

Description

Method performed by a terminal or network in a wireless communication system and device therefor

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and device for transmitting or receiving uplink / downlink signals between terminals or networks in a wireless communication system.

[0002] The 5G mobile communications system, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new, clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, to intermediate-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz. 6G mobile communications systems are being developed based on the underlying technologies of 5G mobile communications.

[0003] 5G NR and next-generation wireless communication systems are being designed and researched to support not only mobile communications but also various vertical services. In addition to low latency, reliability, and availability, UE energy efficiency is also a critical design element in wireless communications. Currently, wireless communication terminals require charging approximately every day or several days, depending on usage patterns. Typically, 5G terminals consume tens of milliwatts (mW) in RRC Idle / Inactive states and hundreds of mW in RRC Connected states. Wireless communication designs that conserve battery power are crucial for improving energy efficiency and user convenience.

[0004] Energy efficiency is even more critical for UEs that rely on low-capacity rechargeable batteries or single coin cells, which lack a continuous energy source. Among vertical services, sensors and actuators are widely used for monitoring, measurement, and charging. Some batteries may not be rechargeable and may need to last at least several years. However, wearable devices such as smartwatches, rings, eHealth devices, and medical monitoring devices typically struggle to maintain their batteries for more than one to two weeks.

[0005] Power consumption can vary depending on the length of the wake-up cycle, such as the paging cycle. While setting a large eDRX cycle to achieve the long battery life described above can be considered, this increases latency and may not be suitable for services requiring low latency. For example, in a fire detection / suppression scenario, shutters must close and sprinklers must be activated within 1-2 seconds after a sensor detects a fire, but a long eDRX cycle cannot meet the latency requirements. Therefore, eDRX is not suitable for low-latency use cases.

[0006] The technical problem to be achieved in the present disclosure is to provide a method and a device for efficiently performing a wireless signal transmission and reception process. As an example, a method for performing more power-efficient PDCCH monitoring based on WUS detection is provided. In addition, a method for selecting / indicating cells on which PDCCH monitoring will be performed upon WUS detection in a terminal configured with multiple cells may be provided. In addition, a method for determining / indicating whether each SCell should be started in a dormancy state when PDCCH monitoring begins upon WUS detection in a terminal configured with multiple cells may be provided.

[0007] In addition to the technical challenges described above, other technical challenges can be inferred from the description below.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method performed by a terminal may include receiving configuration information for a wake-up signal (WUS) through upper layer signaling; switching a cell for detecting the WUS from a first cell to a second cell among a plurality of cells; detecting the WUS on the second cell based on the configuration information; and monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from among the plurality of cells based on the detection of the WUS.

[0009] The terminal may decide to switch the cell for detecting the WUS to the second cell based on the measurement result for the first cell.

[0010] The measurement result for the first cell may include at least one of LP-RSRP (Low Power-Reference Signal Received Power) or LP-RSRQ (Low Power-Reference Signal Received Quality) measured based on LP-SS (Low Power Synchronization Signal) on the first cell.

[0011] The terminal may transmit information to report that the cell for detecting the WUS has been switched to the second cell.

[0012] Selection of one or more cells on which monitoring of the PDCCH is to be performed may be performed based on at least one of the resources from which the WUS is detected or information included in the WUS.

[0013] For example, cells of a first cell group may be selected for monitoring of the PDCCH based on the detection of the WUS in a first WUS MO among a plurality of WUS MOs (monitoring occasions), and cells of a second cell group may be selected for monitoring of the PDCCH based on the detection of the WUS in a second WUS MO among the plurality of WUS MOs.

[0014] The above configuration information may include information on the linkage between the plurality of WUS MOs and cell groups for monitoring the PDCCH.

[0015] The above plurality of cells include at least one SCell (secondary cell), and an SCell that was previously set to a dormant state may start in the dormant state at the time when monitoring of the PDCCH begins.

[0016] The terminal may transmit terminal capability information including information on the minimum time gap required from the detection of the WUS to the monitoring of the PDCCH. The terminal may start monitoring the PDCCH from the first symbol of the first slot located after the minimum time gap from the detection of the WUS.

[0017] The above WUS may be an OOK (on-off keying) modulation signal overlaid with an OFDM (orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing) sequence.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for performing the method described above may be provided.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a device comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory configured to store instructions that are executed by the at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform operations, wherein the operations of the processor may include receiving configuration information for a wake up signal (WUS) through upper layer signaling; switching a cell for detecting the WUS from a first cell to a second cell among a plurality of cells; detecting the WUS on the second cell based on the configuration information; and monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from among the plurality of cells based on the detection of the WUS.

[0020] The above device may be a terminal including a transceiver or a processing device configured to control the terminal.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method performed by a base station may include transmitting configuration information for a wake-up signal (WUS) to a terminal through upper layer signaling; receiving information from the terminal reporting that a cell for detecting the WUS among a plurality of cells configured in the terminal has been switched from a first cell to a second cell; transmitting the WUS on the second cell; and transmitting a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from among the plurality of cells based on the transmission of the WUS.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a base station comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory configured to store instructions that are executed by the at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform operations, wherein the operations of the processor may include transmitting configuration information for a wake-up signal (WUS) to a terminal through upper layer signaling; receiving information from the terminal reporting that a cell for detecting the WUS among a plurality of cells configured in the terminal has been switched from a first cell to a second cell; transmitting the WUS on the second cell; and transmitting a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from among the plurality of cells based on the transmission of the WUS.

[0023] According to the present disclosure, signal transmission and reception can be efficiently performed in a wireless communication system. According to one embodiment, PDCCH monitoring of a terminal can be performed more power-efficiently based on the detection of a WUS. Furthermore, in an environment where multiple cells are configured, by efficiently selecting or designating a target cell for PDCCH monitoring upon detection of a WUS, unnecessary control channel reception of the cell can be prevented. Furthermore, by dynamically determining whether each SCell operates in a dormant state based on the WUS, efficient control channel reception in a multi-cell environment can be achieved while minimizing terminal power consumption.

[0024] In addition to the technical effects described above, other technical effects can be inferred from the description below.

[0025] Figure 1 illustrates a flexible network topology to which some examples of this specification may be applied.

[0026] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a communication system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a wireless device applicable to the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 4 illustrates a communication procedure between a first node (e.g., a terminal) and a second node (e.g., a base station) applicable to the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 5 illustrates a general functional architecture for an AI / ML model.

[0030] Figure 6 illustrates a communication procedure between a first node (e.g., terminal) and a second node (e.g., base station) to which an AI / ML model is applied.

[0031] FIG. 7 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a procedure for transmitting system information for THz communication to which the present disclosure applies.

[0033] Figure 9 illustrates a beam management procedure applicable to the present disclosure.

[0034] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG. 11 illustrates time / frequency resources for sensing operations according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0036] FIG. 12 illustrates a procedure related to a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0037] Figure 13 illustrates an uplink / downlink signal transmission / reception procedure between a base station and a terminal according to one embodiment.

[0038] FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining terminal operation when the SCS of an LP-WUS and the SCS of an NR signal are different according to one embodiment.

[0039] FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a terminal and a network according to one embodiment.

[0040] FIG. 16 illustrates a flow of a method performed by a terminal according to one embodiment.

[0041] FIG. 17 illustrates a flow of a method performed by a base station according to one embodiment.

[0042] As used herein, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, as used herein, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, as used herein, "A, B or C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0043] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0044] In this specification, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Additionally, in this specification, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted identically to "at least one of A and B".

[0045] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0046] Additionally, parentheses used herein may mean "for example." Specifically, when "control information (ABC)" is indicated, "ABC" may be described as an example of "control information." For example, "control information" may include DEF as another example. In other words, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "ABC," and "ABC" may be described as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., ABC)," "ABC" may be described as an example of "control information."

[0047] Additionally, in this specification, terms such as “first,” “second,” etc. are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component and are not used to limit the components, and do not limit the order or importance between the components unless specifically limited. Accordingly, a first component in one embodiment of this specification may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment, and similarly, a second component in one embodiment may be referred to as a first component in another embodiment.

[0048] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0049] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0050] In this specification, a terminal is a user equipment (UE) or a consumer-side device, and may also be referred to as a base station / second node / IAB node / first node that receives / transmits signals from / to a Transmission-Reception Point (TRP). A terminal may correspond to a physical node or a logical node. A terminal may correspond to an endpoint on the user side, or may correspond to an intermediate point between other endpoints. In communication between two points that are not limited to endpoints (including one-to-one / many-to-one / one-to-many / many-to-many communication), a terminal may correspond to a served node. A terminal may be a node with a fixed location, or a node with an unfixed location (or mobile).

[0051] In this specification, a base station (BS) is a device on the network side, and may also be called a second node / IAB node / x-NodeB (x-NodeB, x may be an abbreviation related to radio access technology (RAT)) / Transmission-Reception Point (TRP). A BS may correspond to a physical node or a logical node. A BS may correspond to an endpoint on the network side, or may correspond to an intermediate point between other endpoints. In communication between two points that are not limited to endpoints (including one-to-one / many-to-one / one-to-many / many-to-many communication), a BS may correspond to a serving node. A BS may be a node with a fixed location, or a node with an unfixed location.

[0052] In this specification, higher layer parameters may be set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, the base station may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the terminal may transmit parameters such as capabilities to the base station as higher layer parameters. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0053] In this specification, the information / state / parameter being “configured or pre-configured” can be interpreted as the information / state / parameter being provided / pre-provided to the terminal through pre-defined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from the base station. In this specification, the information / state / parameter being “defined or pre-defined” can be interpreted as the information / state / parameter being known in advance or pre-stored at the base station and the terminal without signaling between the base station and the terminal.

[0054] The technology described in this specification can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0055] The technology described in this specification can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, the 6G system can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0056] <Symbols, Abbreviations, Terms>

[0057] - ACS: Adjacent Channel Selectivity

[0058] - ADC: Analog to Digital Converter

[0059] - ASCS: Adjacent Subcarrier selectivity

[0060] - ASK: Amplitude Shift Keying

[0061] - BB: Base Band

[0062] - BLER: Block Error Rate

[0063] - BPF: Band Pass Filter

[0064] - BWP: Bandwidth part

[0065] - CAP: Channel Access Procedure

[0066] - CFO: Center frequency offset

[0067] - CORESET: Control resource set

[0068] - CRC: Cyclic redundancy check

[0069] - CP-OFDMA: Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access

[0070] - CSI: Channel state information

[0071] - DCI: Downlink Control Information

[0072] - DCP: DCI with CRC scrambled by PS-RNTI

[0073] - DRX: Discontinuous Reception

[0074] - DFT-S-OFDMA: Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access

[0075] - eDRX: Extended DRX

[0076] - EPRE: Energy Per Resource Element

[0077] - FAR: False Alarm Rate

[0078] - FCS: Frame Check Sequence

[0079] - FSK: Frequency Shift Keying

[0080] - FLL: Frequency Locked Loop

[0081] - FFT: Fast Fourier Transform

[0082] - FR1: Frequency range 1

[0083] - FR2: Frequency range 2

[0084] - ICS: In-channel Selectivity

[0085] - IF: Intermediate Frequency

[0086] - LP-WUS (or simply WUS): Low Power-Wake Up Signal

[0087] - LP-WUR (or simply LR): Low Power-Wake Up Receiver, an Rx module responsible for receiving and processing low-power wake-up signals / channels.

[0088] - LP-SS: Low Power- Synchronization Signal

[0089] - LO: Local Oscillator

[0090] - LNA: Low Noise Amplifier

[0091] - LPF: Low Pass Filter

[0092] - LR: LP-WUR

[0093] - MDR: Miss Detection Rate

[0094] - MC-ASK: Multiple Carrier-Amplitude Shift Keying

[0095] - MC-FSK: Multiple Carrier-Frequency Shift Keying

[0096] - MR: Main Radio, Tx / Rx module responsible for transmitting and receiving NR signals / channels excluding low-power wake-up related signals / channels

[0097] - NF: Noise Figure

[0098] - OOK: On-Off keying

[0099] - OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0100] - PDCCH: Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0101] - PUCCH: Physical Uplink Control Channel

[0102] - PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel

[0103] - PDSCH: Physical Downlink Shared Channel

[0104] - PRACH: Physical Random-Access Channel

[0105] - PEI: Paging Early Indication

[0106] - PO: Paging Occasion

[0107] - PTW: Paging Time Window

[0108] - PLL: Phase Locked Loop

[0109] - PAPR: Peak to Average Power Ratio

[0110] - RRC: Radio Resource Control

[0111] - RRM: Radio Resource Management

[0112] - RLM: Radio Link Monitoring

[0113] - RS: Reference Signal

[0114] - RSRP: Reference Signal Received Power

[0115] - RSRQ: Reference Signal Received Quality

[0116] - RTC: Real Time Clock

[0117] - RF: Radio Frequency

[0118] - SCS: Sub-carrier spacing

[0119] - SSB: Synchronization Signal Block

[0120] - SSSG: Search Space Set Group

[0121] - SINR: Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio

[0122] - SNR: Signal to Noise Ratio

[0123] - SC: Subcarrier

[0124] - TBS: Transport Block Size

[0125] - TDRA: Time Domain Resource Allocation

[0126] - Ucell: Unlicensed cell

[0127] - UE: User Equipment

[0128] - XR: Extended reality

[0129] - TAG: Timing advance group

[0130] - AmIoT: Ambient Internet of Things

[0131] - CW: Carrier Wave

[0132] - BSC: Backscattering

[0133] - BSS: Backscattered signal

[0134] - SIC: Self-Interference Cancellation

[0135] - RFID: Radio Frequency Identifier

[0136] - IN: Intermediate Node

[0137] - SLIV: Starting and Length Indicator Value (This is an indicator value for the starting symbol index and number of symbols within the slot of the PDSCH and / or PUSCH, and can be set as a component of an entry that constitutes the TDRA field within the PDCCH that schedules the corresponding PDSCH and / or PUSCH.)

[0138] - BWP: BandWidth Part (can be composed of consecutive resource blocks (RBs) on the frequency axis and can correspond to one numerology (e.g., sub-carrier spacing, CP length, slot / mini-slot duration). In addition, multiple BWPs can be configured on one carrier (the number of BWPs per carrier can also be limited), but the number of activated BWPs can be limited to a part of it (e.g., 1) per carrier.)

[0139] - CORESET: COntrol REsourse SET (refers to the time-frequency resource area where PDCCH can be transmitted, and the number of CORESETs per BWP may be limited.)

[0140] - REG: Resource element group

[0141] - SFI: Slot Format Indicator (an indicator indicating the symbol level DL / UL direction within a specific slot(s), transmitted through the group common PDCCH.)

[0142] - COT: Channel occupancy time

[0143] - SPS: Semi-persistent scheduling

[0144] - QCL: Quasi-Co-Location (QCL relationship between two reference signals means that QCL parameters such as Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and Spatial Rx parameter obtained from one reference signal can be applied to another reference signal (or antenna port(s) of the corresponding RS). In the NR system, four QCL types are defined as follows. 'typeA': {Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread}, 'typeB': {Doppler shift, Doppler spread}, 'typeC': {Doppler shift, average delay}, 'typeD': {Spatial Rx parameter} For any DL RS antenna port(s), the first DL RS is set as a reference for QCL type X (X=A, B, C, or D), and additionally, the second DL RS is set as a reference for QCL type Y (Y=A, B, C, or D but X≠Y) ) can be set to

[0145] - TCI: Transmission Configuration Indication (A TCI state includes the QCL relationship between one or more DL RSs, such as DM-RS ports of the PDSCH, the DM-RS port of PDCCH, or the CSI-RS port(s) of a CSI-RS resource. For the 'Transmission Configuration Indication' field in the DCI that schedules the PDSCH, the TCI state index corresponding to each code point that constitutes the field is activated by the MAC CE, and the TCI state setting for each TCI state index is set through RRC signaling. In the Rel-16 NR system, the TCI state is set between DL RSs, but in future releases, setting between DL RS and UL RS or UL RS and UL RS may be allowed. Examples of UL RSs include SRS, PUSCH DM-RS, and PUCCH DM-RS.)

[0146] - SRI: SRS resource indicator (Indicates one of the SRS resource index values ​​set in the 'SRS resource indicator' among the fields in the DCI that schedules the PUSCH. When transmitting a PUSCH, the UE can transmit the PUSCH by utilizing the same spatial domain transmission filter used for transmitting and receiving the reference signal linked to the corresponding SRS resource. At this time, the reference RS is set by RRC signaling through the SRS-SpatialRelationInfo parameter for each SRS resource, and SS / PBCH block, CSI-RS, or SRS can be set as the reference RS.)

[0147] Figure 1 illustrates a flexible network topology to which some examples of this specification may be applied.

[0148] To compensate for incomplete network coverage areas, a network topology that allows for more flexible and resilient split radio access networks (RANs) may be considered. For this purpose, various nodes, such as IAB nodes, relays, and RF repeaters, as illustrated in the example in Figure 1, may be applied, or NTNs may be integrated. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a node that provides wireless backhaul. For example, a relay may refer to any intermediate point, or in the case of a sidelink relay where a terminal functions as a relay, it may collectively refer to a terminal-to-network (U2N) relay and a terminal-to-terminal (U2U) relay. For example, an RF repeater may correspond to a node that simply performs the function of signal amplification and forwarding, while a network-controlled repeater may not only amplify and forward signals but also adjust transmission and reception settings based on information provided by the network. For example, an NTN node may correspond to a satellite or aircraft that provides NTN coverage that is difficult for terrestrial networks to provide. In addition to these examples, various intermediate points can be introduced to improve the network topology.

[0149] Referring to Figure 1, a split RAN can support the division of a base station into a centralized unit (CU) and one or more distributed units (DUs). The CU and DU can correspond to logical units. The CU can be further divided into a control plane (CP) portion and one or more user plane (UP) portions. Since a failure in the CU-CP affects not only the CU-UP but also the DUs, various intermediate points can be introduced to compensate for this.

[0150] An intermediate point may correspond to a terminal or a base station, depending on its relationship to other nodes. For example, an IAB node may include a mobile-termination (MT) portion and a unit (DU). The MT may connect the IAB node to a donor node. The unit (DU) of an IAB node may serve other terminals or connect to other IAB nodes to provide multi-hop wireless backhaul to the terminal. In other words, an IAB node may correspond to a base station in its relationship to a user-side node, and to a terminal in its relationship to a network-side node.

[0151] In some examples of this specification, the description of a terminal can be equally applied not only to a user-side endpoint, but also to an intermediate point corresponding to a terminal in a relative relationship with a network-side endpoint. Similarly, in some examples of this specification, the description of a base station can be equally applied not only to a network-side endpoint, but also to an intermediate point corresponding to a base station in a relative relationship with a user-side endpoint. However, in most cases where there is no additional description of the operations of three or more entities, the communicating entities in this specification are briefly described as terminals and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes), and the terms terminal and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes) are interpreted to include / replace any endpoint or any intermediate point in relation to other nodes.

[0152] That is, in some examples of this specification, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, the subjects of the operation may be referred to as a base station and / or a terminal (or a first node and / or a second node). In addition, the terms base station and / or terminal (or a first node and / or a second node) may also be interpreted / replaced as in the following examples: For example, the base station (or a first node) and the terminal (or a second node) may respectively correspond to the first endpoint and the second endpoint; may respectively correspond to the endpoint and the intermediate point; may respectively correspond to the intermediate point and the endpoint; or may respectively correspond to the first intermediate point and the second intermediate point.

[0153] In this specification, there may be zero or more intermediate points between the base station and the terminal. If intermediate points exist, they may be IAB nodes, relays, RF repeaters, NTN (non-terrestrial network) nodes, or nodes supporting other functions. An intermediate point may be a node with a fixed location or a node with an unfixed location.

[0154] Figure 2 illustrates a communication system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0155] The communication system (100) of FIG. 2 includes a wireless device (110), a network device (120), and a network (130). Here, the wireless device (110) refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G), and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G / 6G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device (110) may include a robot (110a), a vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), an XR (extended reality) device (110c), a hand-held device (110d), a home appliance (110e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (110f), and an AI (artificial intelligence) device / server (110g). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2) may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device (110c) includes an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device (110d) may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance (110e) may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device (110f) may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. The wireless device (110) may correspond to a terminal (or first node) or an intermediate point.The network device (120) may correspond to a base station (or second node) or another intermediate point. For example, the network device (120) may also be implemented as a wireless device (110), and a specific wireless device (120a) may act as a network device (120) to another wireless device (110).

[0156] Wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to a network (130) via a network device (120). AI technology can be applied to the wireless devices (110a to 110f), and the wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to an AI server (110g) via a network (130). The network (130) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR), or a 6G network. The wireless devices (110a to 110f) can communicate with each other via the network device (120) / network (130), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the network device (120) / network (130). For example, vehicles (110b-1, 110b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (vehicle to vehicle) / V2X (vehicle to everything) communication). Additionally, IoT devices (110f) (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (110a to 110f).

[0157] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (110a to 110f) / network devices (120), network devices (120) / network devices (120). Here, the wireless communication / connection can be established through various wireless access technologies such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and communication between network devices (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (integrated access backhaul)). Through the wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), the wireless device and the network device / wireless device, and the network device and the network device can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, the wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various descriptions of the present disclosure, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc. may be performed.

[0158] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a wireless device applicable to the present disclosure.

[0159] Referring to FIG. 3, the wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G). The wireless device (200) includes at least one processor (202) and at least one memory (204), and may additionally include at least one transceiver (206) and / or at least one antenna (208).

[0160] The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or the transceiver (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may store software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology. The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via at least one antenna (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF (radio frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0161] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, at least one protocol layer may be implemented by at least one processor (202). For example, at least one processor (202) may implement at least one layer (e.g., a functional layer such as physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), radio resource control (RRC), and service data adaptation protocol (SDAP)). At least one processor (202) may generate at least one Protocol Data Unit (PDU) and / or at least one Service Data Unit (SDU) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) may generate a message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) can generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, an SDU, a message, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in this document, and provide the signal to at least one transceiver (206). At least one processor (202) can receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from at least one transceiver (206) and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0162] At least one processor (202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. The at least one processor (202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, at least one application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), at least one digital signal processor (DSP), at least one digital signal processing device (DSPD), at least one programmable logic device (PLD), or at least one field programmable gate array (FPGA) may be included in the at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in the at least one processor (202), or may be stored in at least one memory (204) and driven by the at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0163] At least one memory (204) can be connected to at least one processor (202) and can store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and / or commands. The at least one memory (204) can be configured as a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, a hard drive, a register, a cache memory, a computer readable storage medium and / or a combination thereof. The at least one memory (204) can be located internally and / or externally to the at least one processor (202). In addition, the at least one memory (204) can be connected to the at least one processor (202) via various technologies such as a wired or wireless connection.

[0164] At least one transceiver (206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document to at least one other device. At least one transceiver (206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document from at least one other device. For example, at least one transceiver (206) can be connected to at least one processor (202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, at least one processor (202) can control at least one transceiver (206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to at least one other device. Furthermore, at least one processor (202) can control at least one transceiver (206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from at least one other device. In addition, at least one transceiver (206) may be connected to at least one antenna (208), and at least one transceiver (206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document through at least one antenna (208). In this document, at least one antenna may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). At least one transceiver (206) may convert the received wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using at least one processor (202). At least one transceiver (206) may convert the processed user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using at least one processor (202).For this purpose, at least one transceiver (206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0165] The components of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 may be referred to by different terms in terms of functionality. For example, the processor (202) may be referred to as a control unit, the transceiver (206) as a communication unit, and the memory (204) as a storage unit. In some cases, the communication unit may be used to mean at least a portion of the processor (202) and the transceiver (206).

[0166] The structure of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 can be understood as the structure of at least a portion of various devices. For example, the structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 can be at least a portion of various devices described with reference to FIG. 2 (e.g., a robot (110a), a vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), an XR device (110c), a portable device (110d), a home appliance (110e), an IoT device (110f), an AI device / server (110g)). Furthermore, according to various embodiments, in addition to the components illustrated in FIG. 3, the device may further include other components.

[0167] For example, the device may be a portable device such as a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an interface unit that includes at least one port for connection with another device (e.g., an audio input / output port, a video input / output port), and an input / output unit for inputting and outputting image information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user.

[0168] For example, the device may be a mobile device such as a mobile robot, a vehicle, a train, an aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a driving unit including at least one of an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, and a steering unit of the device, a power supply unit including a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. that supplies power, a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, an autonomous driving unit that performs functions such as path maintenance, speed control, and destination setting, and a position measurement unit that obtains location information of the mobile device through a global positioning system (GPS) and various sensors.

[0169] For example, the device may be an XR device such as an HMD, a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an input / output unit that obtains control information, data, etc. from the outside and outputs the generated XR object, and a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or the surroundings of the device.

[0170] For example, the device may be a robot that can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military, etc. types depending on the purpose or field of use. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a driving unit that performs various physical actions, such as moving the robot joints.

[0171] For example, the device may be an AI device such as a TV, a projector, a smartphone, a PC, a laptop, a digital broadcasting terminal, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a set-top box (STB), a radio, a washing machine, a refrigerator, digital signage, a robot, a vehicle, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of an input unit that acquires various types of data from the outside, an output unit that generates output related to sight, hearing, or touch, a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a training unit that trains a model composed of an artificial neural network using learning data.

[0172] The structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 may be understood as a part of a terminal (or first node), or as a part of an intermediate point, or as a part of a base station (or second node). If the device illustrated in FIG. 3 is a base station (or second node), the device may further include a wired transceiver for front haul and / or back haul communications. However, if the front haul and / or back haul communications are based on wireless communications, at least one transceiver (206) illustrated in FIG. 3 may be used for front haul and / or back haul communications, and a wired transceiver may not be included.

[0173] FIG. 4 illustrates a communication procedure between a first node (e.g., a terminal) and a second node (e.g., a base station) applicable to the present disclosure.

[0174] The second node of FIG. 4 supports dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS), which can provide connectivity to both nodes implementing 6G technology and nodes implementing pre-6G wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G, 4G). That is, the first node of FIG. 4 can implement either 6G technology or pre-6G wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G, 4G). Furthermore, the first node and / or the second node can support full duplex mode as well as non-overlapping full duplex mode.

[0175] In Fig. 4, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, the first node and the second node are assumed to be a terminal and a base station, respectively, and operations of the terminal (110) and the base station (120) transmitting and / or receiving data and operations performed prior thereto are illustrated. However, the operations of Fig. 4 are not limited to operations between the terminal and the base station, and may be interpreted as operations between the first node and the second node. In addition, although Fig. 4 illustrates direct wireless signal transmission and reception operations between the terminal (110) and the base station (120), one or more intermediate points may exist between the terminal (110) and the base station (120), and wireless signals may be transmitted and received via one or more intermediate points.

[0176] Referring to FIG. 4, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) can perform synchronization (401). For example, the terminal (110) performs an initial cell search operation. Specifically, the terminal (110) can detect a synchronization signal for connection to at least one base station transmitted from the base station (120) according to a predefined rule. Here, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals classified according to structure or purpose (e.g., a first synchronization signal (e.g., a primary synchronization signal), a second synchronization signal (e.g., a secondary synchronization signal), etc.). Through this, the terminal (110) can confirm the boundary of a unit (e.g., a frame, a subframe, a slot, and / or a symbol) constituting a wireless signal transmission of the base station (120) and obtain information (e.g., a cell identifier) ​​about the base station (120).

[0177] The terminal (110) can obtain system information transmitted from the base station (120) (403). The system information is information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the base station (120) required to access the base station (120) and use the service, and can be classified according to the content (e.g., whether it is essential for access), transmission structure (e.g., channel used, whether provided on-demand), etc., and can be classified into, for example, first system information (e.g., master information block (MIB), primary system information), second system information (e.g., system information block (SIB), secondary system information), etc. If necessary, the terminal (110) can transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. However, the request and provision of system information can be performed after the random access procedure described below.

[0178] The terminal (110) and the base station (120) can perform a random access procedure (405). The terminal (110) can transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response (RAR) message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to a channel for the random access procedure of the base station (120) obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of a supported preamble, etc.). For example, the terminal (110) can transmit a first message (e.g., a preamble, MSG1) through the channel for the random access procedure, receive a second message (e.g., an RAR message, MSG2), transmit a third message (e.g., MSG3) including information related to the terminal (110) (e.g., identification information) to the base station (120) using scheduling information included in the second message, and receive a fourth message (e.g., MSG4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. As another example, the first and third messages may be sent and received as one message, or the second and fourth messages may be sent and received as one message.

[0179] The terminal (110) and the base station (120) can perform signaling of control information (407). Here, the control information can be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) can perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and signaling for indicating allocated resources.

[0180] The terminal (110) and the base station (120) can transmit and / or receive data (409). In other words, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) can process, transmit, and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, when transmitting data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and resource mapping on the information bits. Conversely, when receiving data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and channel decoding.

[0181] <6G System Core Technologies>

[0182] The 6G (wireless) system aims to provide (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity.

[0183] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, FSO backhaul network, massive MIMO technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0184] artificial intelligence

[0185] Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. This means AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI can facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0186] The following describes a functional framework for AI / ML operations.

[0187] Below, to explain AI (or AI / ML) more specifically, the terms can be defined as follows.

[0188] - Data collection: Data collected from network nodes, management entities, or terminals as a basis for AI model training, data analysis, and inference.

[0189] - AI Model: A data-driven algorithm that applies AI technology to generate a set of outputs containing predictive information and / or decision parameters based on a set of inputs.

[0190] - AI / ML Training: An online or offline process of training an AI model by learning features and patterns that best represent the data and obtain a trained AI / ML model for inference.

[0191] - AI / ML Inference: The process of making predictions or inducing decisions based on collected data and the AI ​​model using a trained AI model.

[0192] Life Cycle Management (LCM) procedures for AI / ML models (i.e., model training, model deployment, model inference, model monitoring, model updates, etc.) can be divided into functionality-based LCM and model-based LCM. In functionality-based LCM, AI / ML models may not be identified by the network, and the network can direct the activation / deactivation / fallback / switching of AI / ML functionality. In model-ID (identifier)-based LCM, AI / ML models can be identified by the network, and the network / terminal can activate / deactivate / select / switch AI / ML models based on the model ID.

[0193] Figure 5 illustrates a general functional architecture for an AI / ML model.

[0194] In particular, Figure 5 illustrates a general functional architecture relevant to both Functionality-based LCM and Model-based LCM. Some of the functions or some of the data / information / command flows (i.e., arrows) illustrated in Figure 5 may be omitted.

[0195] Referring to FIG. 5, a general functional framework can be configured to include a data collection function (10), a model training function (20), a management function (30), an inference function (40), and a model storage function (50).

[0196] The Data Collection function (10) is a function that provides input data to the Model Training function (20), Management function (30), and Inference function (40). The Data Collection function (10) can perform data preparation based on raw data and provide input data processed through data preparation. Examples of raw data may include received data / measurement data from terminals or other network entities, inference / output of AI / ML models, etc. The Data Collection function (10) may be performed by a single entity (e.g., terminal, network node, etc.) or may be performed by multiple entities.

[0197] Here, training data (11) refers to data required as input for the AI / ML Model Training function (20). Monitoring data (12) refers to data required as input for the Management (30) of the AI / ML model or AI / ML function. Inference data (13) refers to data required as input for the AI / ML Inference function (30).

[0198] The Model Training function (20) is a function that performs AI / ML model training, validation, and testing, which can generate model performance metrics that can be used as part of the AI / ML model testing procedure. The Model Training function (20) can perform data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, forming, and transformation) based on the Training Data (11) transferred from the Data Collection function (10), if necessary.

[0199] Trained / Updated Model (21): If there is a Model Storage function (50), it is used to pass a trained, validated and tested AI / ML model to the Model Storage function (50) or to pass an updated version of the model to the Model Storage function (50).

[0200] The Management function (30) is a function that supervises the operation of the AI / ML model or AI / ML function. In addition, the Management function (30) may perform decisions to ensure appropriate inference operations based on data received from the Data Collection function (10) (i.e., Monitoring Data (12)) and / or data received from the Inference function (40) (i.e., Inference Output (41)).

[0201] Management Instruction (32) is information required as input to manage the Inference function (40). The relevant information may include selection / (de)activation / switching of an AI / ML model or AI / ML-based function, and may also include fallback to non-AI / ML operations (i.e., not relying on the inference process).

[0202] A Model Transfer / Delivery Request (33) can be used to request model(s) from Model Storage (50).

[0203] A Performance Feedback / Retraining Request (31) refers to information required as input to the Model Training function (20) (e.g., for the purpose of (re)training or updating the model).

[0204] The Inference function (40) is a function that provides output from the process of applying an AI / ML model or AI / ML function using data (i.e., Inference Data (13)) provided by Data Collection (10) as input. Data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, formatting, and transformation) may also be performed based on the Inference Data (13) delivered by Data Collection (10). If necessary, the Inference function (40) may also perform data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, forming, and transformation) based on the Inference Data (13) provided by Data Collection function (10).

[0205] Inference Output (41) is data used in the Management function (30) to monitor the performance of an AI / ML model or AI / ML function. Inference Output (41) may include the inference output of the AI / ML model generated by the Inference function (30), and the details of the inference output may vary depending on the use case.

[0206] The Model Storage function (50) stores a learned / updated model that can be used to perform the Inference function (40). The Model Storage function (50) illustrated in FIG. 5 can be used as a reference point (if any) when applicable to protocol termination, model transmission / delivery, and related processes. Furthermore, the Model Storage function (50) is merely an example and is not intended to limit the storage location of actual AI / ML models, and may be omitted.

[0207] Model Transfer / Delivery (51) is used to transfer AI / ML models to inference functions.

[0208] The level of cooperation can be defined as follows depending on the capability of AI / ML functions between multiple nodes, and variations due to combination of multiple levels or separation of any one level are also possible.

[0209] Cat 0a) No collaboration framework: AI / ML algorithms are purely implementation-based and do not require any changes to the wireless interface.

[0210] Cat 0b) This level corresponds to a framework with a modified wireless interface tailored to efficient implementation-based AI / ML algorithms, but without collaboration.

[0211] Category 1) involves inter-node support to improve the AI / ML algorithms of each node. For example, this applies when a specific node receives support from another node (for training, adaptation, etc.) and vice versa. At this level, model exchange between network nodes is not required.

[0212] Category 2) Joint AI / ML tasks can be performed across multiple nodes. This level requires the exchange of AI / ML model commands or network nodes.

[0213] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an overall functional framework for an AI / ML model, and not all functions and / or all data / information / command signals illustrated in FIG. 5 may be performed within a specific node, but only some of them may be performed.

[0214] AI / ML models can be divided into one-side models and two-side models depending on whether training and / or inference are performed on a single node or jointly / sequentially on multiple nodes.

[0215] A one-side model can refer to an AI / ML model in which inference is performed entirely by a single node (e.g., a terminal or network). Here, AI / ML model training can also be performed entirely by a single node. AI / ML model training and inference can be performed by the same node, or they can be performed by separate nodes.

[0216] A two-side model can refer to an AI / ML model in which joint inference is performed across multiple nodes (e.g., terminals and networks). Joint inference refers to inference being performed jointly across multiple nodes. For example, the first part of the inference may be performed by a first node, and the remaining part by a second node. Two-side models can be categorized into several types depending on the training method of the AI / ML model, as follows:

[0217] - First type: AI / ML models can be trained on a single node. In this case, joint training can be performed. The trained model can then be distributed to other nodes / objects.

[0218] - Second type: Joint training of AI / ML models can be performed on multiple nodes / entities (e.g., networks and terminals). Joint training can mean that model generation (e.g., CSI generation part) and model reconstruction (CSI compression by sub-use case) are trained in the same loop for forward activation and backward gradient. In this type, joint training can include both simultaneous training (i.e., model generation training and model reconstruction training are performed simultaneously) and sequential training (i.e., model reconstruction training is performed after model generation training).

[0219] - Third type: Separate training of AI / ML models can be performed on multiple nodes (e.g., networks and terminals). Separate training may mean that training begins sequentially on one node and continues on other nodes. In this case, the first node first performs the AI / ML model and shares the training data with the second node. The second node can then use the shared training data to perform the AI / ML model. For example, training for the CSI generation part may be performed by the terminal, while CSI reconstruction may be performed by the network.

[0220] Figure 6 illustrates a communication procedure between a first node (e.g., terminal) and a second node (e.g., base station) to which an AI / ML model is applied.

[0221] The operations described below can be described / interpreted based on the AI / ML model proposed in this specification, as shown in Fig. 6 below, even without separate mention (i.e., without explicit mention of being by / based on / for the AI / ML model). In addition, unless specifically limited, the AI / ML model can correspond to a one-side model in which inference is entirely performed by a single node, or a two-side model in which joint inference is performed by multiple nodes.

[0222] First signaling (601): In the description below, the signaling (e.g., information / data / channel / signal, etc.) or set of signaling between a specific node (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) and another node may be interpreted as the signaling or set of signaling of the first signaling (601) used to perform an operation based on an AI / ML model, even if not otherwise mentioned. For example, it may correspond to training data for training (i.e., generation and / or reconstruction) the AI / ML model of FIG. 5, or correspond to inference data used for inference of the AI / ML model, or correspond to feedback for the AI / ML model, etc. If signaling between nodes is not required prior to an operation based on an AI / ML model in the present specification, the first signaling (601) may be omitted. If a one-side model is used in the present specification, the one-way / two-way signaling (set) in the present specification may correspond to the signaling of the first signaling (601). In addition, when a two-side model is used in this specification, the one-way / two-way signaling in this specification may correspond to the first signaling (601), and also, a repetitive signaling operation may correspond to the first signaling (601).

[0223] For example, in AI / ML model-based beam management (BM), if a base station predicts (i.e., infers) beam(s) with good quality based on an AI / ML model, the base station can receive quality / intensity information for multiple beams from a terminal. Furthermore, if a terminal predicts (i.e., infers) beam(s) with good quality based on an AI / ML model, the terminal can receive multiple beams from the base station.

[0224] AI / ML model-based operation (602): In the description below, an operation (e.g., calculation, selection, prediction, etc.) in a specific node (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) or a joint operation (e.g., calculation, selection, prediction, etc.) in multiple nodes (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) may correspond to an AI / ML model-based operation (602) based on one or more functions in the functional framework of the AI / ML model, even if not mentioned separately. For example, it may correspond to training (i.e., generation and / or reconstruction) of the AI / ML model of FIG. 5 or inference of the AI / ML model, etc. When a one-side model is used, an operation performed by a single node in the present specification may correspond to an AI / ML model-based operation (602), and also, when a two-side model is used, a joint operation performed by multiple nodes in the present specification may correspond to an AI / ML model-based operation (602).

[0225] For example, in an AI / ML model-based BM, the base station can use quality / intensity information for multiple beams received from the terminal as inference data to predict (i.e., infer) beam(s) with good quality based on the AI / ML model. Furthermore, the terminal can measure multiple beams received from the base station and use the measurement results as inference data to predict (i.e., infer) beam(s) with good quality based on the AI / ML model.

[0226] Second signaling (603): In the description below, signaling (e.g., information / data / channel / signal, etc.) or a set of signaling between a specific node (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) and another node may be interpreted as a second signaling (603) or a set of signaling generated due to (as a result of) an operation based on an AI / ML model, even if not otherwise mentioned. For example, it may correspond to an output resulting from inference of the AI / ML model in FIG. 5. If signaling between nodes is not required as a result of an operation based on an AI / ML model in this specification, the second signaling (603) may be omitted. If a one-side model is used in this specification, a one-way / two-way signaling (set) in this specification may correspond to the second signaling (603). In addition, when a two-side model is used in this specification, the one-way / two-way signaling in this specification may correspond to the second signaling (603), and also, a repetitive signaling operation may correspond to the second signaling (603).

[0227] For example, in an AI / ML model-based BM, the base station can transmit to the terminal the beam(s) predicted based on the AI / ML model as candidates so that the terminal can determine the optimal beam. Furthermore, the terminal can report to the base station the beam(s) predicted based on the AI / ML model to request the base station to transmit the candidate beams as candidates for determining the optimal beam.

[0228] THz communication (terahertz communication)

[0229] Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by utilizing sub-THz communications with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF.

[0230] Figure 7 illustrates the electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of Figure 7 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) a widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated by the highly directional antenna reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array techniques to overcome range limitations.

[0231] Transmitting system information (i.e., information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of a BS required to use a service, such as MIB, SIB, etc.) in the THz frequency band may be inefficient because, as the beam width becomes narrower in high frequency bands, more beam sweeps must be performed to cover the entire area of ​​the cell. In particular, transmitting system information in this manner is even more inefficient when there are not many users in the cell. Accordingly, a system information transmission procedure such as that illustrated in FIG. 8 may be used.

[0232] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a procedure for transmitting system information for THz communications to which the present disclosure applies. While this example was developed with THz in mind, it is also applicable to 6G communication environments where THz is not applicable. Furthermore, the procedure illustrated in Figure 8 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure described below. For example, the embodiments described below can be performed based on system information acquired through the procedure illustrated in Figure 8.

[0233] Referring to FIG. 8, the base station can transmit system information of cell #1 through cell #2 (801). That is, the base station provides at least two cells, cell #1 uses a THz frequency band, and cell #2 uses a non-THz frequency band. Here, the system information can include at least one information / state / parameter / setting generated in each of a higher layer and a physical layer. For example, the at least one information / state / parameter / setting generated in the higher layer can include at least one of an SFN, control information setting for SIB1 (e.g., PDCCH configuration for SIB1, etc.), information related to cell selection / entry (e.g., cell barring, cell re-selection, etc.), and subcarrier spacing, and the at least one information / state / parameter / setting generated in the physical layer can include at least one of an SFN, a half frame indicator, and an SSB index. However, this is merely an example, and system information may include information / status / parameters / settings related to Cell #1 / Cell #2 generated from various types of physical layers / upper layers. For this purpose, as an example, Cell #1 and Cell #2 may have a relationship as a secondary cell and a primary cell.

[0234] The UE can acquire synchronization for cell #1 (803). Synchronization can be acquired by detecting a synchronization signal. Typically, synchronization is acquired before receiving system information. However, since the system information for cell #1 is received from cell #2, synchronization acquisition for cell #1 can be performed after receiving the system information. For example, the UE can acquire synchronization based on the system information. However, unlike FIG. 8, in another example, synchronization acquisition can be performed before step 801.

[0235] The UE may transmit a signal for accessing cell #1 (805). For example, the signal may include information for accessing cell #1 (e.g., a random access preamble). The structure of the signal and the resources for transmitting the signal (e.g., a channel) may be identified through system information. Thereafter, the UE and the base station may perform an access procedure for cell #1 and communicate (807). During this process, operations according to various embodiments described below may be performed.

[0236] The procedure described with reference to FIG. 8 may be performed when UE (801) first accesses cell #1 of the base station. Alternatively, a similar procedure may be performed when UE (801) hands over to cell #1 of the base station. However, in the case of handover, the system information of cell #1 may be received from a cell of a base station other than cell #2 of the base station.

[0237] Communications in the THz band are expected to experience extremely severe path loss, and to overcome this, terminals and base stations must use extremely sharp beams. The use of sharp beams means that terminals and base stations must perform beam control in addition to beamforming, and the number of beams used increases significantly. Consequently, it takes a very long time to align the transmit and receive beams between the base station and terminals. Furthermore, if the beam alignment between the base station and terminals is misaligned due to the movement or movement of the terminals, frequent re-alignment of the beams is required, which can lead to link instability. Accordingly, a beam management procedure, as illustrated in FIG. 9 below, may be employed.

[0238] FIG. 9 illustrates a beam management procedure applicable to the present disclosure. FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a procedure for searching and / or selecting beams for THz communication, but is not limited to a THz environment, and the present disclosure is applicable to a 6G communication environment. In addition, the procedure illustrated in FIG. 9 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure described below. Here, a beam may be interpreted as 'spatial (setting) information', 'spatial domain filter', 'spatial domain transmission filter', 'spatial domain reception filter', or / and a term having an equivalent technical meaning that can distinguish the beam (e.g., Reference signal, SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) Index, TRP (transmission reception point), panel, cell, TP (transmission point), base station, control resource related information (e.g., CORESET (control resource set) related information, etc.).

[0239] Referring to FIG. 9, a base station can configure resources for beam management (901). Here, the resources can include at least one of time-frequency resources, channels, and spatial resources (e.g., antenna ports). For example, the base station can utilize a beam search signal (BSS) that is transmitted spatially separated from existing downlink signals / channels for beam search. Here, the BSS can be transmitted based on a dedicated port for beam search. The dedicated port can be a different port from a port for transmitting existing downlink signals / channels (e.g., synchronization signals (e.g., SSB, etc.), data channels (e.g., PDSCH, etc.)). BSS is a term defined for convenience of explanation, and the technical concept according to the present embodiment is not limited to the term BSS itself. That is, a signal transmitted based on a dedicated port defined / configured for beam search can be included in the technical concept according to the present embodiment.

[0240] The base station can transmit measurement signals using multiple transmission beams (903). For example, the measurement signals can include at least one of a reference signal and a synchronization signal. At this time, the measurement signals can be transmitted as many times as the number of beams that require measurement, and can be transmitted using a multi-beam transmission method that forms multiple beams simultaneously to reduce sweeping time. Here, the multi-beam transmission can be performed based on at least one of a multi-panel, a sub-array, and a true time delay (TTD).

[0241] The UE may transmit a feedback signal to the base station (905). The feedback signal indicates at least one beam selected by the UE. The UE may select at least one preferred beam based on the received measurement signals. The UE and the base station may communicate (907). At this time, the UE and the base station may communicate using the previously selected beam. If channel reciprocity is established, the transmission beam of the UE may also be determined through operations 903 and 905, and thus the transmission of the UE may also be performed using the beam selected in operation 905. If channel reciprocity is not established, a procedure including transmission of measurement signals by the UE and transmission of a feedback signal by the base station may be performed first to determine the transmission beam of the UE. In operation 907, operations according to various embodiments described below may be performed.

[0242] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)

[0243] Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a networked device to connect to the object, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., drones, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of wireless sensing services, i.e., sensing operations, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing offers an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communications network to a wireless communication and sensing network.

[0244] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 10(a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 10(b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0245] For example, in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present specification, referring to FIG. 10(a), the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver may be configured to be included in a single base station (i.e., the same base station) or a single terminal (i.e., the same terminal). Alternatively, referring to FIG. 10(b), the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver may be configured to be included in different base stations, different terminals, or each terminal and base station.

[0246] In this regard, the following six types of sensing modes can be defined based on whether the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are included in the base station or the terminal, respectively.

[0247] - Mode 1: A mode in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are contained in a single base station (e.g., base station-based sensing mode in monostatic mode).

[0248] - Second mode: A mode in which the sensing transmitter is included in a first base station and the sensing receiver is included in a second base station different from the first base station (e.g., base station-based sensing mode in bistatic mode).

[0249] - Mode 3: A mode in which the sensing transmitter is included in the base station and the sensing receiver is included in the terminal (e.g., base station-terminal sensing mode).

[0250] - Mode 4: A mode in which the sensing transmitter is included in the terminal and the sensing receiver is included in the base station (e.g., terminal-base station sensing mode).

[0251] - Mode 5: A mode in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are contained in a single terminal (e.g., terminal-based sensing mode in monostatic mode).

[0252] - 6th mode: A mode in which the sensing transmitter is included in a first terminal and the sensing receiver is included in a second terminal different from the first terminal (e.g., terminal-based sensing mode in bistatic mode).

[0253] In a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present specification, one or more of the six types of sensing modes described above may be utilized independently / in combination.

[0254] In relation to the sensing operation in FIG. 10, the sensing transmitter may transmit a sensing signal for sensing one or more objects (and / or an environment around the objects). For example, the sensing signal may correspond to a radio (frequency) signal defined to be transmittable by a base station / terminal in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present specification. The sensing receiver may receive a signal scattered / reflected by one or more objects (and / or an environment around the objects) from a sensing signal transmitted from the sensing transmitter. In the sensing receiver, sensing data may be derived from the scattered / reflected signals, and sensing results may be generated / obtained through processing of the sensing data. Here, the sensing results may include characteristic information (e.g., location, distance, speed, angle, etc.) about one or more objects (and / or the environment around the objects). The sensing results generated / obtained in this way may be utilized for wireless sensing services (e.g., detection, tracking, etc. of objects and / or environments) provided in the wireless communication system based on the 6G network of the present specification, or may be provided / disclosed to a trusted third party.

[0255] Additionally, the sensing operation in FIG. 10 is described as a representative example of the operation in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network, but can be extended and applied to cases where terminals / base stations / signals based on networks of previous generations (e.g., 4G, 5G, etc.) are utilized.

[0256] Additionally, with respect to the wireless sensing described herein, in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present specification, time / frequency resources for sensing operations and time / frequency resources for general communications (e.g., UL / DL / sidelink-based communications, etc.) may be scheduled / configured separately.

[0257] FIG. 11 illustrates time / frequency resources for sensing operations according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0258] Referring to FIG. 11, time / frequency resources (hereinafter, sensing resources) for the aforementioned sensing operation (e.g., sensing operation based on FIG. 10) can be set / allocated separately from time / frequency resources (hereinafter, communication resources) for general communication.

[0259] For example, as illustrated in FIG. 11, sensing resources can be set / allocated in units of symbols in the time domain and / or resource blocks in the frequency domain. Resources other than those for which the sensing resources are set / allocated can be utilized as resources for general communication. That is, sensing resources and communication resources can be set / allocated based on a time-division multiplexing (TDM) scheme and / or a frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) scheme in terms of the operation of the base station / terminal. Additionally or alternatively, unlike what is illustrated in FIG. 10, sensing resources can also be set / allocated based on other units in the time domain (e.g., slots, frames, absolute time (ms, us), etc.) and / or other units in the frequency domain (e.g., subcarriers, carriers, absolute frequencies (MHz, GHz), etc.).

[0260] Additionally or alternatively, in connection with the setting / allocation / scheduling of resources for general communication as described herein, the relationship between the resources and the aforementioned sensing resources may need to be considered. For example, when setting / allocating resources for general communication according to the embodiment(s) of the present disclosure, the resources may be set / allocated to rate-match or puncture the resource region corresponding to the sensing resource. For example, when scheduling resources for general communication according to the embodiment(s) of the present disclosure, the resources may be scheduled so as not to overlap with the resource region corresponding to the sensing resource. If the resources for general communication according to the embodiment(s) of the present disclosure and the resource region corresponding to the sensing resource are set / allocated / scheduled to overlap, one or both operations may be dropped, skipped, or postponed based on priorities, predefined rules, etc. That is, in the embodiment(s) of the present specification, it may be desirable that resources related to general communication (e.g., resources for signals / channels related to UL / DL / Sidelink-based data / control, etc.) are set / allocated / scheduled so as not to overlap with the sensing resources described above.

[0261] Additionally, various channel modeling methods may be applied in connection with the wireless sensing described herein. Channel modeling related to sensing may refer to configuring a path for transmitting and receiving sensing signals and / or scattered / reflected signals, taking into account the object being sensed and / or the environment in which the object resides. Channel modeling may be related to the performance / requirements of sensing in wireless communication systems, and thus may be an important factor in validating the sensing function.

[0262] Channels related to sensing can be divided into channels between objects (e.g., targets of interest) and sensing transmitters / receivers, and channels between the environment to which the object belongs and sensing transmitters / receivers. In this regard, channel modeling related to sensing can be divided based on sensing mode (e.g., the six types of modes described above), whether there is an object / environment, and / or sensing scenarios. For example, channel modeling for a target in a base station / terminal-based monostatic sensing mode, channel modeling for a target in a base station / terminal-based bistatic sensing mode, channel modeling for the environment in a base station / terminal-based monostatic sensing mode, and channel modeling for the environment in a base station / terminal-based bistatic sensing mode can be configured and optimized differently. For example, when various sensing scenarios are classified, channel modeling for detection, location, and tracking scenarios, channel modeling for motion recognition, and channel modeling for imaging / environment reconstruction scenarios can be divided, etc. Additionally, channel modeling related to sensing may be based on statistical channel modeling techniques and / or deterministic channel modeling techniques. For example, modeling for sensing in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present disclosure may be based on stochastic geometric channel modeling techniques and / or hybrid with ray tracing channel modeling techniques. Here, the stochastic geometric channel model may be based on various statistical characteristics of the channel state. Furthermore, the hybrid channel model may be based on both ray tracing techniques and stochastic techniques.In a hybrid approach, channels for objects requiring high accuracy and consistency (e.g., targets of interest) can be modeled using ray tracing techniques, while channels for the environment can be modeled using probabilistic techniques.

[0263] FIG. 12 illustrates a procedure related to a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0264] For example, in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present specification, in the case of a sensing operation in which a terminal participates, the base station may need to confirm (1205) the capability of the terminal for the sensing operation. In this regard, the terminal may be configured to report capability information on whether it supports the sensing operation to the base station. Additionally or alternatively, if the terminal is defined in advance in the standard as supporting the sensing operation, the procedure may be omitted. In addition, in the case of a sensing operation in which only the base station participates, the base station may be configured to report capability information on whether it supports the sensing operation to an entity that configures / controls its sensing operation (e.g., a network entity at an upper level / layer of the base station).

[0265] For example, the base station can perform signaling with the terminal to exchange configuration information related to the sensing operation. For example, the base station can set / instruct the terminal about the mode of the sensing operation (e.g., based on the six types of modes described above), the subject of the sensing operation (e.g., sensing transmitter, sensing receiver), the resource of the sensing operation (e.g., sensing resource as in FIG. 11), the target of utilizing the sensing result (e.g., type of wireless sensing service based on 6G network, trusted third party), channel modeling for sensing (e.g., channel between the base station / terminal and object / environment), etc. (1210). For example, the base station can also set / instruct such information from a network entity at an upper level / layer of the base station.

[0266] For example, the base station and / or the terminal may perform a sensing operation based on the set / instructed information (1215). For example, the base station and / or the terminal may, as a sensing transmitter and / or a sensing receiver, perform procedures such as transmitting a sensing signal, receiving a scattered / reflected signal, deriving sensing data, obtaining a sensing result through processing the sensing data, and providing the sensing result, as in FIG. 9 described above. As an example, in the operation of the base station / terminal described herein, the sensing result provided through the sensing operation may be utilized.

[0267] FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a procedure between a base station and a terminal performing FR1, FR2, or FR2-2 transmission and reception of one or more physical channels / signals to which the method proposed in this specification can be applied.

[0268] Figure 13 (a) illustrates an example of UL data / channel transmission and reception. The base station can transmit configuration information related to UL data / channel to the terminal via upper layer signaling (1301). The terminal can receive DCI for UL data scheduling and / or information for UL channel transmission from the base station (1302). Based on this, the terminal can transmit UL data / channel to the base station (1303).

[0269] Figure 13 (b) illustrates an example of transmission and reception of DL data / channel. The base station can transmit configuration information related to DL data / channel to the terminal via upper layer signaling (1304). The terminal can receive DCI for DL ​​data scheduling and / or information for DL ​​channel transmission from the base station (1305). Based on this, the terminal can receive DL data / channel from the base station (1306). If HARQ-ACK is configured for reception of the corresponding DL data / channel, the terminal can transmit HARQ-ACK to the base station (1307).

[0270] LP WUR (low power wake up receiver)

[0271] Currently, UEs must wake up periodically for each DRX cycle, resulting in power consumption even during periods without signal / data traffic. If UEs could wake up only when there are specific triggers, such as paging, power consumption could be significantly reduced. To achieve this, the introduction of a wake-up signal (WUS) that wakes up the MR (Main Radio) and a separate receiver, the LP WUR, that can monitor the WUS with very little power is being discussed. For example, the MR operates as a receiver in existing NR during data / signal transmission and reception, but to save power, the MR can be turned off or transitioned to a deep sleep state while the LP WUR is turned on.

[0272] LP-WUS / WUR applicable targets may include, for example, (i) IoT devices such as industrial wireless sensors, controllers, and actuators, (ii) wearable devices such as smartwatches, smart rings, eHealth devices, and medical monitoring devices, and / or (iii) eMBB-enabled devices such as XR / smart glasses and smartphones.

[0273] For 3GPP standardization of LP-WUS / WUR, research on the following may be required:

[0274] - Power saving effects, coverage, system overhead, network energy impact, etc. of LP-WUS / WUR.

[0275] - LP-WUR receiver structure analysis (power consumption, noise figure, etc.)

[0276] - L1 design and procedure changes and link performance evaluation to support LP-WUS

[0277] - Changes to upper layer protocols to support this

[0278] LP-WUS can have a structure that is equally applicable to both RRC IDLE / INACTIVE and RRC CONNECTED modes. The modulation scheme of LP-WUS can be based on OOK-1 / OOK-4. One or more OFDM sequences can be overlaid on each OOK symbol.

[0279] 1) LP WUR operation in RRC Idle / Inactive mode

[0280] In RRC Idle / Inactive mode, if MR RRM measurements are sufficiently relaxed, UE power savings of up to 90% or more can be achieved compared to existing I-DRX (including with and without PEI). Compared to existing eDRX, paging delay can be significantly reduced and moderate power savings can be achieved (provided that LP-WUS monitoring and paging monitoring after MR startup are not limited to existing eDRX PTW).

[0281] Regardless of the LP-WUR type, the same information can be guaranteed to be transmitted in RRC IDLE / INACTIVE mode, and OFDM sequences can carry the information. Duty-cycle-based monitoring, such as periodic On / Off monitoring, can be supported.

[0282] For RRC IDLE / INACTIVE mode, LP-WUS based paging trigger procedures (e.g., configuration parameters, subgrouping, monitoring entry / exit conditions, etc.) can be configured / defined.

[0283] In RRC IDLE / INACTIVE mode, LP-SS can be transmitted repeatedly with a period of Y ms (e.g., 320 ms for initial transmission) and can have OOK-1 / OOK-4 waveform (OOK with or without OFDM sequence). If LP-WUR can receive existing PSS / SSS, it may be allowed to perform synchronization / RRM with PSS / SSS instead of LP-SS. In order to relax and offload RRM measurement of MR, UE MR RRM request can be additionally relaxed in serving / neighbor cell measurement, and conditions for offloading serving cell RRM measurement from MR to LP-WUR need to be defined.

[0284] 2) LP WUR operation in RRC Connected mode

[0285] In RRC Connected mode, power savings of up to 10% can be achieved compared to existing power-saving techniques for various XR traffic / system overheads, with minimal capacity impact. For FTP / IM traffic, the MR can enter deep sleep, achieving up to 60% power savings and up to 10% UPT improvement. Offloading serving cell RRM measurements from the UE MR to the LP-WUR can also be considered.

[0286] Regarding LP-WUS-based MR-PDCCH monitoring in RRC Connected mode, monitoring activation / deactivation procedures need to be defined / configured. In RRC CONNECTED mode, MR's ultra-deep sleep may not be supported, and RRM / RLM / BFD / CSI measurements can still be performed by the MR. LP-WUS / LP-SS coverage can be at a level similar to that of PUSCH Message 3.

[0287] PDCCH monitoring based on LP-WUS

[0288] As described above, MR (Main radio) refers to a receiver for receiving signals included in a terminal of a general NR standard, and can be utilized to receive OFDM signals, etc. on the NR standard. For example, a receiver equipped in a terminal of an existing NR standard can be understood as MR. LP-WUR refers to a receiver that can be additionally configured in a terminal to receive a low-power signal, and can receive newly designed low-power signals such as LP-WUS or LP-SS, and can generally have the characteristics of being configured with low cost and low power consumption. As described above, LP WUS can be simply referred to as WUS.

[0289] Low-power signals such as LP-WUS or LP-SS can be structured differently from signals transmitted with the current general OFDM symbol structure in the time / frequency axis resource configuration of the NR standard. For example, LP-WUS is modulated with OOK (On-Off Keying) to match the slot or symbol structure of the time axis, but can be transmitted without matching / aligning with the unit resource (e.g., RE, subcarrier, or RB) structure of the frequency axis. For example, LP-WUS is configured as ON (e.g., 1) when a signal is present within a specific time interval, and OFF (e.g., 0) when a signal is absent, so that a terminal can receive WUS simply by detecting energy within a specific time interval. It can also be considered that the OOK symbol of such LP-WUS has a sequence for spectrum flattening, or an OFDM sequence for increasing transmission coverage or transmitting additional information be overlaid.

[0290] Several architecture candidates for LP-WUR are being discussed, and the power consumption of LP-WUR in the 'on' and 'off' states may differ accordingly. Accordingly, the 'on' state power consumption of LP-WUR may be significant, or for other reasons, the terminal may be required to activate or deactivate LP-WUR. To this end, conditions for entering the LP-WUR activated state (entry conditions) and exiting the activated state (exit conditions) can be defined.

[0291] The indicated LP-WUS may include a payload transmitted in the form of an OOK symbol. Generally, the payload can be said to contain the information actually indicated to the terminal. Additionally, it may consist of a preamble for other purposes (e.g., synchronization) and an OFDM sequence overlaid on the OOK symbol. For example, the LP-WUS may be said to include at least one of the information transmitted via the payload and the information transmitted via the overlaid OFDM sequence.

[0292] For example, LP-WUR can be defined by dividing it into two types.

[0293] - LP-WUR Type #1: Wake-up receiver capable of energy detection only

[0294] - LP-WUR Type #2: Wake-up receiver capable of sequence detection (as well as energy detection)

[0295] For LP-WUR type #1, it is a wake-up receiver that is configured for low cost and can only determine the presence or absence of a signal (energy detection or envelope detection). Therefore, it is a receiver that can only receive information transmitted through the OOK symbol, i.e., the payload.

[0296] LP-WUR Type #2 is a wake-up receiver capable of detecting OFDM sequences at a higher cost than Type #1 and also capable of energy detection. Therefore, it can receive not only payloads but also information transmitted via overlaid OFDM sequences. Furthermore, depending on the implementation, it may also be capable of receiving PSS / SSS of existing NR signals.

[0297] In general, PDCCH monitoring accounts for a large portion of the power consumption of a terminal in RRC_CONNECTED mode (hereinafter referred to as CONNECTED mode). Since the terminal monitors the PDCCH using the MR, the longer the MR sleep time, the more effective it can be in saving power of the terminal. To save power of the terminal, Rel-15 / 16 / 17 introduced the DRX operation that allows the terminal to perform PDCCH monitoring on / off at regular intervals, a signal that can indicate whether to perform PDCCH monitoring in the corresponding cycle, and an adaptation operation that can adjust the PDCCH monitoring frequency within the DRX Active Time. All of these operations were introduced for the purpose of reducing the time that the terminal monitors the PDCCH and ensuring a sleep time when the MR is not operating, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal.

[0298] We can consider reducing the frequency of PDCCH monitoring performed by the MR of the terminal by utilizing the newly introduced LP-WUS / LP-WUR. The LP-WUR of the terminal operates at relatively low power and consumes less power than the MR. Therefore, the terminal in CONNECTED mode can reduce power consumption by operating the MR in a (deep / light / micro) sleep state and not performing PDCCH monitoring. If the LR, which operates at low power, can receive the LP-WUS and use it to wake-up the MR based on the instruction, it is expected to be effective in saving power of the terminal. This can be effective because the terminal can maintain a long sleep time with low power consumption of the MR. In addition, we can consider receiving other instructions through LP-WUS, such as an operation to temporarily switch the MR to a sleep state, and operating the MR accordingly.

[0299] A terminal can receive an LP-WUS and be instructed to initiate PDCCH monitoring. For example, the terminal utilizes LP-WUR to receive LP-WUS when the MR is off or in a sleep state. By activating the MR and performing PDCCH monitoring only when a valid LP-WUS is received, the terminal can reduce unnecessary PDCCH monitoring or lower the frequency of PDCCH monitoring, resulting in power savings.

[0300] In this disclosure, we propose an operation in which a terminal configured with multiple cells receives an LP-WUS and is instructed to start PDCCH monitoring. The terminal can perform PDCCH monitoring for a specific single cell or multiple cells by receiving the LP-WUS. In addition, we propose an operation for the terminal when the DRX operation is configured for the terminal operating in multiple cells and the existing indication, SCell dormancy indication, cannot be indicated through the LP-WUS. We also propose an operation (timeline) according to the time sequence from when the terminal receives the LP-WUS until it performs PDCCH monitoring.

[0301] This disclosure proposes an operation in which a terminal in CONNECTED mode receives an LP-WUS and, based on this, activates PDCCH monitoring. It is assumed that the terminal operates in multiple cells. For example, in a carrier aggregation (CA) environment, the terminal can be instructed to control PDCCH monitoring for multiple cells via an LP-WUS.

[0302] The operation of activating PDCCH monitoring by receiving LP-WUS by a terminal can be implemented in various ways. An example of activating PDCCH monitoring by LP-WUS for a terminal configured with C-DRX may include at least one of the following.

[0303] - Example 1) The terminal can be instructed whether to start drx-onDurationTimer by receiving LP-WUS in a time period before the start time of the periodically configured drx-onDurationTimer. (This may be an operation that replaces DCP.) For reference, in 3GPP NR, DCP is a DCI (e.g., DCI with CRC scrambled with PS-RNTI) for signaling paging / power saving related control information to a specific UE group (or all UEs). The UE can perform instructions by DCP, such as changing PDCCH / PDSCH monitoring, switching to power saving mode, etc.

[0304] - Example 2-1) The terminal can receive LP-WUS outside the existing C-DRX active time and be instructed to provide an interval for potential PDCCH monitoring in addition to the existing periodic drx-onDurationTimer.

[0305] - Example 2-2) The terminal may receive LP-WUS outside the existing C-DRX active time and be instructed to enter a potential PDCCH monitoring period. In this case, PDCCH monitoring may not be activated by the existing periodic drx-onDurationTimer (and / or C-DRX cycle).

[0306] Example 1 can be understood as an operation in which LP-WUS replaces the function of DCP (e.g., wake-up indication). For example, instead of the existing DCI format 2_6 for DCP, the start of the periodically configured drx-onDurationTimer can be indicated through LP-WUS. The UE reduces power consumption by keeping the MR in a sleep state in a section that is not a potential DRX active time, and receives LP-WUS while operating in LP-WUR. Whether to start drx-onDurationTimer can be determined according to the configured DRX based on the reception of LP-WUS.

[0307] Example 2 (collectively, Examples 2-1 and 2-2 above are referred to as Example 2) may be an operation of receiving an LP-WUS outside the configured C-DRX active time to additionally instruct a potential PDCCH monitoring period. In Example 2-1, PDCCH monitoring is performed based on the C-DRX configured according to the current standard, and additional PDCCH monitoring may be instructed through LP-WUS in other periods. For example, the UE may receive an LP-WUS outside the C-DRX active time to define a PDCCH monitoring period by a timer that is the same as or different from the configured DRX. When the operation of Example 2-1 is configured / instructed together with the operation of Example 1, the UE may be instructed by LP-WUS whether to perform PDCCH monitoring in all periods.

[0308] Example 2-2 shows that regardless of the configured DRX, the PDCCH monitoring operation of the terminal may always be an operation directed only by LP-WUS. Even if the existing periodic drx-onDurationTimer starts, if there is no instruction from LP-WUS, the terminal does not perform PDCCH monitoring, and can only perform operations that can be performed during other DRX active times (e.g., measurement and report) according to the current standard.

[0309] When a terminal with these exemplary behaviors operates in multiple cells, we propose a method for controlling PDCCH monitoring via LP-WUS. PDCCH monitoring control may include starting a periodic drx-onDurationTimer, additional potential PDCCH monitoring instructions, and / or PDCCH monitoring adaptation instructions.

[0310] The distinction between the proposals below is for convenience of explanation and should not be interpreted as necessarily implying that each proposal must be implemented independently. Depending on the implementation, at least some of the proposals may be implemented in a combined form, or each proposal may be implemented individually.

[0311] Proposal 1: LP-WUS-based PDCCH monitoring instructions for terminals operating in more than one cell

[0312] A terminal can be instructed to perform PDCCH monitoring by receiving an LP-WUS. When a terminal operates in more than one cell (e.g., CA), when the terminal is instructed to perform PDCCH monitoring of an MR by receiving an LP-WUS with an LP-WUR instead of an MR that is in a sleeping state, the target cell for PDCCH monitoring can be preset / indicated or directly instructed through the LP-WUS. In this way, for a terminal operating in more than one cell, we propose configuration and instructing methods for target cells for instructing PDCCH monitoring.

[0313] Proposal 1-1: Terminal behavior when a target cell receiving PDCCH monitoring instructions is determined by receiving one or more LP-WUSs.

[0314] The cell controlled by PDCCH monitoring through the LP-WUS instruction may generally be a PCell and / or an SCell. Alternatively, the cell controlled by PDCCH monitoring may be limited to the cell (PCell or scheduling SCell) where PDCCH monitoring is performed.

[0315] A UE can receive different LP-WUSs in the same cell, and each LP-WUS can instruct operations for different cells. For example, a UE can receive LP-WUS#1 and LP-WUS#2 in a PCell, and LP-WUS#1 can include instructions to control PDCCH monitoring for the PCell, and LP-WUS#2 can include instructions to control PDCCH monitoring for a specific SCell. By receiving distinct LP-WUSs for different cells, a UE can be instructed to control PDCCH monitoring for individual cells.

[0316] Two different LP-WUS transmitted in the same cell can be distinguished and configured / indicated through higher layer signaling, etc. For each LP-WUS, a different period, a terminal's LP-WUS monitoring duration (e.g., a time interval for continuing monitoring for reception of LP-WUS), and / or an offset, etc. can be configured. For example, the terminal can distinguish different LP-WUSs through resources in the time / frequency axis. A different monitoring occasion (hereinafter referred to as LMO) can be set for each LP-WUS.

[0317] When different LMOs overlap, the terminal may operate to detect only one LP-WUS. This may be in consideration of the characteristics of LP-WUR, which is configured for relatively low power / low cost. Which LP-WUS to receive for overlapping LMOs can be determined by a preset rule. For example, it may be an LP-WUS received from an LMO starting from an earlier symbol / slot on the time axis, or an LP-WUS whose priority is preset through configuration. The priority may be set for the LP-WUS itself, or the priority may be set for each cell so that all LP-WUS in the corresponding cell have the same priority.

[0318] When receiving each LP-WUS in the same cell, the target cell can be distinguished through the information that can be received through the LP-WUS. The information that can be received through the LP-WUS may include information about the payload transmitted by the LP-WUS and / or information that can be received through the overlaid sequence. Indications for a specific cell (or all cells) can be received through the indicator transmitted in the LP-WUS. At this time, the bit configuration of the indicator can be preset / indicated through higher layer signaling. For example, if a 1-bit indicator is 0, it can be set to control PDCCH monitoring for the PCell, and if it is 1, it can be set to control PDCCH monitoring for a specific SCell (or a preset cell group). As another example, for an n-bit indicator, each bit mapping can be set to indicate each PCell or SCell and its combination, a preset cell group, or all cells. Alternatively, individual cells can be indicated through the indicator within the LP-WUS. For example, if there are m cells whose PDCCH monitoring is controlled by LP-WUS, an indicator can be configured as an m-bit bitmap to individually indicate whether or not PDCCH monitoring is performed for each cell.

[0319] Proposal 1-2: When one LP-WUS instructs PDCCH monitoring control for one or more cells, fallback operation of the terminal MR based on the LP-WUS reception quality (or a specific timer)

[0320] When one LP-WUS instructs control of PDCCH monitoring for one or more cells, if the reception quality of the LP-WUS is poor and / or a specific timer (e.g., LP-WUS inactivity timer) that starts from the time of receiving the instruction via the LP-WUS expires, the operation of receiving PDCCH monitoring control via the LP-WUS may be stopped and the UE may be configured to fallback to MR-based operation. This may be because the UE determines that it is difficult to operate based on the LP-WUS any longer and is configured to fallback to MR-based operation if the reception quality is so poor that it is not reliable or a timer that can be reset through continuous LP-WUS reception based on a specific timer that has been introduced expires. Here, the specific timer may be referred to as an LP-WUS inactivity timer and may be started or reset when the LP-WUS is received.

[0321] The terminal can indirectly check the reception quality of LP-WUS through LP-SS. For example, the reception quality can be indirectly measured through LP-RSRP and / or LP-RSRQ, which can be measured by receiving LP-SS. LP-RSRP and LP-RSRQ, like SS-RSRP and SS-RSRQ, may refer to results obtained by measuring LP-SS instead of PSS / SSS. For example, LP-RSRP (Low Power-Reference Signal Received Power) is defined as a linear average value of the power contribution of REs carrying OOK 'ON' symbols among LP-SS (Low Power Synchronization Signal), and can be measured in a serving cell in RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE states. LP-RSRQ (Low Power-Reference Signal Received Quality) can be defined as the ratio of LP-RSRP divided by LP-RSSI, and is defined as the linear average value of RE power carrying OOK 'ON' and 'OFF' symbols of LP-SS, and can be measured in serving cells of RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE.

[0322] Since LP-WUS and LP-SS can be transmitted from the same base station with the same low-power signal, and the terminal receives them with the same LP-WUR, the quality of LP-WUS can be indirectly checked through the quality of LP-SS. Therefore, if the reception quality of LP-WUS or LP-SS does not meet a preset threshold, the terminal can stop the operation of LP-WUR and fallback to MR-based operation.

[0323] The LP-WUS inactivity timer can be considered a timer that starts and resets upon LP-WUS reception. Even if PDCCH monitoring is not directly indicated through LP-WUS, an instruction to reset the LP-WUS inactivity timer can be considered. If the UE did not receive LP-WUS while the LP-WUS inactivity timer expired, but there was no need to actually wake up the UE MR on the base station side and the LP-WUS reception quality was also not an issue, so that the LP-WUR operation can continue, a signal related to the reset of the LP-WUS inactivity timer can be considered. For example, such an instruction can be included in LP-SS. If the UE receives LP-SS to indirectly measure the LP-WUS reception quality, it can be configured to reset the LP-WUS inactivity timer through this.

[0324] An LP-WUS can direct PDCCH monitoring control for one or more cells and / or indicate SCell dormancy. Each LP-WUS can be distinguished through configuration. For example, as in Proposal 1-1, this can be done through resources in the time / frequency axes, or through an indicator transmitted via the LP-WUS.

[0325] If the LP-WUS reception quality is below the standard or the LP-WUS inactivity timer has expired, the UE can be configured to fallback to MR for all cells controlled by the individual LP-WUS. For example, when the LP-WUS received in cell#1 instructs PDCCH monitoring control for cell#1 and cell#2, if the reception quality of the LP-WUS received in cell#1 is below the standard and / or the LP-WUS inactivity timer has expired, the UE can fallback to MR operation for both cell#1 and cell#2. This can be viewed as a situation where the LP-WUS instructing PDCCH monitoring control for cell#1 and cell#2 cannot be received, and the UE falls back to the existing MR-based operation for the corresponding cells. At this time, when another LP-WUS is received from cell#3 and the LP-WUS instructs PDCCH monitoring control for cell#3 and cell#4, if the terminal is receiving the LP-WUS from cell#3 with good quality or the LP-WUS inactivity timer has not expired, fallback to MR-based operation may not be performed for cell#3 and cell#4.

[0326] If all LP-WUS received by the terminal have substandard reception quality or the LP-WUS inactivity timer has expired, the terminal may be configured to fallback to MR for all cells controlled by all LP-WUS. For example, if the terminal is configured to receive LP-WUS#1 in cell#1 and be instructed to control PDCCH monitoring for cell#1 and cell#2, and to receive LP-WUS#2 in cell#3 and be instructed to control PDCCH monitoring for cell#3 and cell#4, the terminal may fallback to MR in all cells (cell#1, cell#2, cell#3, cell#4 in this example) only if the reception quality of both LP-WUS#1 and LP-WUS#2 is substandard or the LP-WUS inactivity timer has expired. In this example, if the UE can receive LP-WUS#1 in substandard quality but LP-WUS#2 in good quality, the behavior for cell#1 and cell#2, which cannot be instructed to control PDCCH monitoring through LP-WUS#1, can be newly configured. Cell#2, where the UE does not directly receive LP-WUS, can be newly configured so that PDCCH monitoring is instructed by LP-WUS#2, not LP-WUS#1. In cell#1, where the UE directly receives LP-WUS, it can be newly configured to perform fallback to MR, or so that PDCCH monitoring can be instructed by LP-WUS#2 in the same way as cell#2. This can be preset / instructed through higher layer signaling. For example, a cell that cannot receive PDCCH monitoring control by an LP-WUS through a configuration can be preset / instructed to be instructed by another LP-WUS or to fallback to MR.In the above example, if cell#1 and cell#2 cannot receive instructions from LP-WUS#1, it can be said that the connection relationship that can be directed by LP-WUS#2 is preset through higher layer signaling.

[0327] When a terminal receives multiple LP-WUSs from multiple cells, one of the cells receiving the LP-WUS may be configured to be the PCell. In this case, the MR fallback operation of the terminal may be determined by the reception quality of the LP-WUS received in the PCell. For example, if LP-WUS#1 received in the PCell controls PDCCH monitoring for the PCell and cell#1, and LP-WUS#2 received in cell#2 controls PDCCH monitoring for cell#2 and cell#3, the terminal operation may vary depending on which LP-WUS has a reception quality that falls below the standard. If the reception quality of LP-WUS#2 is below the standard, PDCCH monitoring for cell#2 and cell#3 is newly set to be controlled by LP-WUS#1 (i.e., MR fallback operation is not performed), and if the reception quality of LP-WUS#1 is below the standard, MR fallback operation can be performed in all cells regardless of the reception quality of LP-WUS#2.

[0328] If the reception quality of LP-WUS is below the standard (or the inactivity timer expires), the cells to which fallback to MR is applied can be configured / instructed to be limited. Fallback to MR can be performed for all cells instructed by LP-WUS. Alternatively, fallback to MR can be performed only for specific cells (e.g., cells directly receiving LP-WUS or PCell).

[0329] Proposal 1-3: If a terminal receiving LP-WUS from one cell determines that LP-WUS reception is not smooth based on the LP-WUS reception quality, it receives LP-WUS from another cell.

[0330] Although a terminal operates for more than one cell, it can receive LP-WUS from only one cell (e.g., PCell) and be instructed to control PDCCH monitoring for multiple cells. In this case, a situation may arise where the quality of the LP-WUS received by the terminal is determined to be lower than a standard, making it difficult to smoothly receive LP-WUS in that cell. In this case, the terminal can perform PDCCH monitoring by falling back to MR for the cells controlled by the LP-WUS. However, another method is proposed to find a new cell capable of receiving LP-WUS.

[0331] Among the cell-related settings received by the terminal, settings related to reception of LP-WUS (and LP-SS) may be included. For example, the settings may include at least one of whether LP-WUS is supported in the cell, the LP-SS reception cycle, information indicated through LP-WUS, and / or the LP-WUS monitoring occasion. At this time, in addition to the cell where the terminal is currently receiving LP-WUS, there may be cells other than those where information related to LP-WUS reception has been set. If the terminal determines that it can no longer smoothly receive LP-WUS in the cell where it is currently receiving LP-WUS, it may find a new cell capable of receiving LP-WUS and continue the operation of LP-WUS in that cell. This may be done by setting the reception priority of LP-WUS for each cell, or selecting the cell with the best reception quality based on the results measured by the terminal.

[0332] For example, if a terminal is currently receiving LP-WUS on a PCell but determines that it is difficult to continue receiving LP-WUS on the PCell due to deterioration in reception quality, the cell with the best LP-WUS reception quality or the next highest priority among other cells that support LP-WUS transmission can be selected as a new anchor cell to continue receiving LP-WUS. In this case, the terminal operations instructed by receiving from the previous cell and the operations instructed by receiving from the new cell are expected to remain the same, if possible, and if there are new settings or unconfigured parts, they are expected to be performed as default operations.

[0333] When an operation is performed to continue LP-WUS reception by changing the receiving cell of LP-WUS, the terminal can notify the base station that such operation is being performed. The terminal can indirectly notify the base station that LP-WUS reception is no longer performed in the cell by reporting the measurement result of the cell with degraded reception quality. Alternatively, the terminal can directly notify the base station of the current LP-WUS receiving cell, which means that it is receiving LP-WUS in a cell other than the originally configured cell. This allows the terminal to notify the base station of which cell it is currently receiving LP-WUS, and the base station can also accurately know the LP-WUS receiving cell of the terminal, so that subsequent LP-WUS-based instructions and operations can be expected to be performed smoothly.

[0334] Alternatively, if the terminal determines that it is difficult to continue receiving LP-WUS, the terminal may fall back to MR and start PDCCH monitoring while reporting the results of measuring the LP-WUS reception quality in other cells of the terminal to the base station, so that the base station can directly instruct the terminal to receive LP-WUS in a new anchor cell.

[0335] Proposal 2: If LP-WUS transmits only a 1-bit wake-up indication, the dormancy state of SCell is determined when the UE starts DRX Active Time.

[0336] Example 1 of PDCCH monitoring activation by the above-described LP-WUS is a method in which LP-WUS replaces DCP in the existing NR standard or performs the corresponding function with low power.

[0337] In the current NR standard, DCP (e.g., DCI format 2_6) can be configured with up to 6 bits, including a 1-bit wake-up indication and up to 5-bit SCell dormancy indications. DCI format 2_6 can indicate SCell dormancy indications to one or more UEs. Specifically, dormant SCell groups can be configured through higher-layer signaling. The SCell dormancy indication in DCI is configured as a bitmap, with 1 bit allocated to each SCell group. The SCell dormancy indication can be configured as a bitmap containing 5 bits for up to 5 groups. This allows dormancy indication for each distinct SCell group. The SCell dormancy state can be considered a state in which the corresponding cell switches to dormant BWP, and the UE stops PDCCH monitoring for the corresponding SCell, thereby reducing power consumption. The UE can also stop unnecessary operations such as measurement / monitoring and HARQ buffer maintenance. Therefore, a terminal that receives DCI format 2_6 according to the existing NR standard can be instructed to start SCells belonging to each SCell group in dormant state (dormant BWP) when starting DRX Active Time.

[0338] However, when Activation Example 1, where LP-WUS replaces DCP, is applied, LP-WUS can be configured to include only 1-bit wake-up indication of on / off. This is because the indication information that LP-WUS can transmit can be limited to a maximum of 1 bit when considering the reception coverage of LP-WUS and the identification to distinguish which terminal it will be transmitted to. If the terminal detects LP-WUS and confirms that it has been transmitted to the terminal through the identification, it can start DRX Active Time. If LP-WUS is detected, the terminal can start DRX Active Time, and if LP-WUS is not detected, it may not start DRX Active Time of the corresponding cycle.

[0339] Proposal 2-1: Supporting DCP functionality using LP-WUS

[0340] Assuming that LP-WUS replaces DCP and can only transmit 1 bit of on / off information, the network can transmit information separated by LMO (or time / frequency domain resources) to support all the functionality of DCP of the existing NR standard (i.e., SCell dormancy indication). For example, LP-WUS can be transmitted through up to 6 different LMOs (or time / frequency domain resources) to replace DCP of up to 6 bits. For example, the UE receives LP-WUS#1 on LMO#1, LP-WUS#2 on LMO#2, ..., LP-WUS#6 on LMO#6. Each LMO can be configured entirely in one cell (e.g., PCell) or can be configured separately for multiple cells. For example, if the UE receives LP-WUS on LMO#2, it can start in dormant state (or non-dormant state) for SCell group#1. The behavior in SCell depending on whether LP-WUS is received or not can be directed / configured through higher layer signaling.

[0341] One approach is to allow a terminal to obtain a single instruction by receiving multiple distinct LP-WUSs. This may be to provide the terminal with information larger than the payload that a single LP-WUS can transmit. For example, a single 24-bit information can be obtained by receiving an LP-WUS with an 8-bit payload in three consecutive LMOs. The terminal can obtain a 16-bit UE identification (e.g., C-RNTI) and a 6-bit instruction from this information. The remaining bits can be utilized for functions such as CRC or repetition, which can be preset / indicated via higher-layer signaling.

[0342] Proposal 2-2: Determine the starting state of SCell when the terminal starts DRX Active Time.

[0343] A UE that receives only an LP-WUS indicating whether to start DRX Active Time cannot receive dormancy indications for SCells and may need to determine the state in which the SCell should start. When the UE starts DRX Active Time through an LP-WUS indication, the state of the SCell may correspond to at least one of the following four conditions.

[0344] 1) When the terminal receives LP-WUS and starts DRX Active Time, it starts all SCells in non-dormant state.

[0345] When DRX Active Time starts, the UE starts all cells in a non-dormant state. Here, a non-dormant state may mean that the cell is not in the dormant BWP and operates in the default BWP or active BWP. When DRX Active Time starts, the UE monitors the PDCCH in all cells or schedules the PDSCH (or PUSCH) through the PDCCH. If the network wants to reduce power consumption by changing a specific SCell to the dormant state, the network can instruct the UE to change the specific SCell to the dormant state through the SCell dormancy indication field of the scheduling DCI.

[0346] 2) When the terminal receives LP-WUS and starts DRX Active Time, it starts all SCells in dormant state.

[0347] At the start of DRX Active Time, the UE can start all SCells in the dormant state. The UE can receive instructions to change SCells requiring PDCCH monitoring or data scheduling to the non-dormant state. The SCell dormancy indication field in the Scheduling DCI can be utilized.

[0348] 3) When the terminal receives LP-WUS and starts DRX Active Time, it can be preset which state (dormant / non-dormant) each SCell will start with.

[0349] When DRX Active Time starts, the SCells that the terminal will start in dormant state and the SCells that will start in non-dormant state can be preset / indicated through network signaling (e.g., higher layer parameters).

[0350] 4) The terminal can start in non-dormant state only for SCells that were terminated in non-dormant state in the previous DRX Active Time.

[0351] When DRX Active Time starts, SCells that were in a non-dormant state when the previous DRX Active Time ended start in a non-dormant state. For example, if a DCP is received in the first DRX Active Time, the first DRX Active Time ends in the Dormant state for the first SCell and in the non-dormant state for the second Scell, and the UE can then operate in a sleep state and monitor LP WUS. When an LP WUS is detected, the UE can start the second DRX Active Time, and at this time, the SCell dormant state at the end of the first DRX Active Time is maintained, and the second DRX Active Time can start in the Dormant state for the first SCell and in the non-dormant state for the second Scell.

[0352] The starting states of the above four SCells can be configured / instructed via network signaling (e.g., higher layer signaling). For example, the UE can be configured to always start all cells in the non-dormant state, as in 1). Afterwards, if a change is required, the UE can instruct all cells to start in the dormant state through reset, as in 2). Alternatively, the UE can configure which SCell will start in the non-dormant state, as in 3), or can be configured to follow the behavior from the previous DRX Active Time, as in 4).

[0353] If LP-WUS can transmit additional information beyond the 1-bit wake-up indication, the above SCell startup state can be indicated through dynamic instructions. For example, an additional 1-bit instruction can indicate whether to start all SCells as dormant or non-dormant.

[0354] In the above operation, it may be considered that LP-WUS is utilized for SCell dormancy indication within DRX Active Time. LP-WUS can be received outside DRX Active Time to indicate whether DRX Active Time should start, but if LP-WUS can be received through LMO within DRX Active Time, it may be considered to indicate SCell dormancy through this. In this case, the SCells to be indicated as non-dormant state by LP-WUS can be preset through network signaling (e.g., higher layer parameters) or applied to all SCells.

[0355] The target SCell group of the SCell dormancy indication is configured through the higher layer parameter dormancyGroupOutsideActiveTime (or dormancyGroupWithinActiveTime). When the UE receives LP-WUS, the configuration regarding the cell group controlled by LP-WUS can be configured through a new parameter or an existing parameter can be utilized. Even if there is a new parameter, the value of the existing parameter can be reused as is if there is no separate configuration. dormancyGroupOutsideActiveTime is the group indicated by the SCell dormancy indication field in DCI format 2_6, and dormancyGroupWithinActiveTime is the group indicated by the SCell dormancy indication field in scheduling DCI. Therefore, even when LP-WUS indicates this, if SCell dormancy is indicated when starting DRX Active Time, the value of dormancyGroupOutsideActiveTime can be considered utilized, and if SCell dormancy is indicated within DRX Active Time, the value of dormancyGroupWithinActiveTime can be considered utilized.

[0356] Proposal 3: Timeline of terminal actions from the time LP-WUS is received until the instructed action is applied.

[0357] It takes a certain amount of time for the UE to receive the LP-WUS and activate the MR via a wake-up indication. This requires consideration of both the time it takes to receive and process the LP-WUS and the transition time (e.g., including at least one of sync and processing time) when the MR is activated from a sleep state. Therefore, the UE can begin PDCCH monitoring with the MR a certain amount of time after receiving the LP-WUS.

[0358] The transition time of a terminal MR in a sleep state may vary depending on the three sleep states of deep / light / micro sleep. Therefore, for this purpose, the terminal can report the minimum time gap between the time of LP-WUS reception and the time of PDCCH monitoring start of the MR with capability. The configured (reported) minimum time gap may have different values ​​for each SCS. For example, multiple minimum time gaps may be supported. For example, the minimum time gap may include a duration for time / frequency synchronization of the MR.

[0359] Proposal 3-1: When a terminal receives LP-WUS and NR signals for the same or different SCS, terminal behavior after receiving LP-WUS

[0360] 1) When the SCS of LP-WUS and the SCS of NR signal (e.g., SCS of active BWP for PDCCH monitoring) are the same.

[0361] LP-WUS and NR signals can be received based on the same SCS. According to the proposed methods, LP-WUS can be received both outside and inside the DRX Active Time.

[0362] When LP-WUS is received outside of DRX Active Time, the terminal MR receives LP-WUS in sleep state. Therefore, after LP-WUS reception is completed, DRX Active Time can start from a specific time resource (e.g., the first symbol of the first slot) after a transition time (or wake-up time) (which may vary depending on the MR sleep state) has elapsed. This corresponds to potential DRX Active Time (PDCCH activation example 2), not periodic DRX Active Time (PDCCH monitoring activation example 1). In case of periodic DRX Active Time, since the start time of DRX Active Time is fixed, it can start from that time.

[0363] When LP-WUS is received within the DRX Active Time, the terminal MR receives LP-WUS while it is active. Therefore, no separate MR activation time is required, and the instructed operation can be performed from the first symbol of the next slot immediately after LP-WUS reception is complete.

[0364] 1) When the SCS of LP-WUS and the SCS of NR signal (e.g., SCS of active BWP for PDCCH monitoring) are different.

[0365] LP-WUS and NR signals can be received based on different SCSs. According to the proposed methods, LP-WUS can be received both outside and inside the DRX Active Time.

[0366] When LP-WUS is received outside of DRX Active Time, the terminal MR receives LP-WUS in sleep state. Therefore, after LP-WUS reception is completed, DRX Active Time can start from the first symbol (referred to as symbol A) of the first slot after the transition time (or wake-up time) (which may vary depending on the MR sleep state) has passed. At this time, the position of symbol A can be determined differently depending on which signal the SCS is for.

[0367] Fig. 14 is a diagram for explaining terminal operation when the SCS of an LP-WUS and the SCS of an NR signal are different according to one embodiment. In Fig. 14, each block represents one symbol, and for convenience, it is assumed that the first SCS of the NR signal is twice the second SCS of the LP WUS. Accordingly, the duration of two symbols based on the first SCS is the same as the duration of one symbol of the second SCS.

[0368] If the position of symbol A is determined based on the SCS of LP-WUS, A2 in Fig. 14 can be determined as the position of symbol A. Based on the SCS of LP-WUS, A2, which is the first symbol of the first slot after LP-WUS reception is completed and the transition time of MR has ended, can be the symbol A that starts MR PDCCH monitoring.

[0369] If the position of symbol A is based on the SCS of the NR signal, A1 in the above-described FIG. 14 can be determined as the position of symbol A. Based on the reception SCS of the NR signal, A1, which is the first symbol of the first slot after LP-WUS reception is completed and the transition time of MR has ended, can be the symbol A that will start MR PDCCH monitoring.

[0370] This may correspond to a potential DRX Active Time (PDCCH activation example 2) rather than a periodic DRX Active Time (PDCCH monitoring activation example 1). In the case of periodic DRX Active Time, the starting point of the DRX Active Time is fixed, so it can start from that point.

[0371] When LP-WUS is received within DRX Active Time, the terminal MR receives the LP-WUS while it is active. Therefore, a separate MR activation time is not required, and the instructed operation can be performed from the first symbol of the next slot immediately after the reception of LP-WUS is completed. In this case, the terminal operation start time can be determined based on the SCS of the LP-WUS and NR signals. After the reception of LP-WUS is completed, the terminal operation can start from the first symbol of the first slot based on the SCS of the LP-WUS or the SCS of the NR signal.

[0372] Proposal 3-2: Determining the SCS criteria for which the minimum time gap applies to terminal operations.

[0373] The minimum time gap reported by a terminal may have different values ​​for each SCS, and when a terminal operating in more than one cell performs an operation based on reception of an LP-WUS, the minimum time gap may be applied to one reference SCS, so that operations in more than one cell may have to start at the same time.

[0374] Regardless of the cells in which the terminal is currently operating, the reference SCS can be predefined or preset to a specific value. For example, by always applying a minimum time gap based on a 15 kHz SCS, terminal operation in multiple cells can begin at the first symbol of the next slot. Alternatively, a specific SCS can be set / instructed via network signaling (e.g., RRC or SIB).

[0375] The minimum time gap value can be determined based on the SCS of the SSB received by the terminal. After the terminal completes receiving the LP-WUS, the terminal applies the minimum time gap value based on the SCS of the SSB received, and the terminal operation in multiple cells can begin at a specific time resource (e.g., the time of the first symbol of the earliest slot) after the minimum time gap.

[0376] The start time of terminal operation can be determined based on the smallest SCS among the cells in which the terminal is currently operating. The terminal can apply a minimum time gap value based on the smallest SCS (i.e., the smallest numerology) among the multiple cells. Therefore, after the terminal completes receiving LP-WUS, the terminal can start operating in multiple cells at a specific time resource (e.g., the first symbol time of the earliest slot) after the minimum time gap by applying the minimum time gap value based on the smallest SCS. Alternatively, the start time of terminal operation can be determined based on the largest SCS among the cells in which the terminal is operating. The terminal applies a minimum time gap value based on the largest SCS (i.e., the largest numerology) among the multiple cells. Therefore, after the terminal completes receiving LP-WUS, the terminal can start operating in multiple cells at a specific time resource (e.g., the first symbol time of the earliest slot) after the minimum time gap by applying the minimum time gap value based on the largest SCS.

[0377] The start time of a terminal operation can be determined based on the SCS of a specific cell among the cells in which the terminal is currently operating. For example, the specific cell can be the PCell, SpCell, sSCell, etc. of the terminal, or can be a preset or already determined reference cell. A minimum time gap can be applied based on the SCS of a specific cell. Cells with a larger SCS than the reference cell can start the terminal operation at a time other than the first symbol of the slot according to the reference SCS, or can start the terminal operation at a symbol that is the same time as the first symbol of the slot determined based on the SCS of the specific cell.

[0378] The minimum time gap value can also be applied based on the SCS of the cell with the smallest or largest index among the cells in which the terminal is currently operating. Accordingly, after completing LP-WUS reception, the terminal can apply the minimum time gap value based on the SCS of the selected cell, and operation of the terminal in multiple cells can begin at a specific time resource (e.g., at the time of the first symbol of the earliest slot) after the minimum time gap.

[0379] In cells where the terminal operates at an SCS smaller or larger than the SCS to which the minimum time gap applies, the operation may start at a slot boundary or in the middle of a slot. For example, if the minimum time gap is applied based on 30 kHz, in a cell with a 15 kHz SCS, the first symbol of the earliest slot based on 30 kHz may correspond to the middle symbol of a specific slot. In this case, the terminal operation may start at the middle symbol or the first symbol of the earliest slot that follows, so that all cells start at the same time.

[0380] Meanwhile, the following may apply with respect to the above suggestions 1, 2 and / or 3.

[0381] As described above, LP SS and LP WUS can be introduced into the NR standard to support LP WUR, and LP WUS can be simply referred to as WUS.

[0382] - LP SS (Low Power Synchronization Signal): Transmitted in On Off Keying (OOK) mode on consecutive symbols within a slot, and EPRE for SSB, first RB location, number of symbols, etc. can be provided as SIB1-based parameters (lpss StartSymbol, lpss periodicityOffset, etc.). The UE can perform synchronization by aligning the LPSS reception time with the SSB beam and QCL (quasi co location) relationship.

[0383] - WUS(Wake Up Signal): Uses the same OOK structure, but WUS Monitoring Occasions(MOs) are defined within one WUS occasion, and a WUS occasion can be linked to a paging occasion. The period of a WUS occasion can be the same as the DRX period in IDLE / INACTIVE state. The UE can monitor only in the slots / symbols specified by the bitmap(WUS_available_slot / symbol). If a UE dedicated codepoint is detected in WUS, Type 2 PDCCH CSS can be activated to receive a paging message.

[0384] LPSS / WUS parameters may be provided for RRC_IDLE / INACTIVE states. For UEs in RRC_CONNECTED state, the start position of WUS MO monitoring may be determined based on drx onDurationTimer or wus PDCCHMonitoringTimer, depending on the configuration option. It may operate in the same SCS as the active DL BWP. WUS monitoring may be omitted during the ACTIVE Time or DTX inactive period.

[0385] - The WUS sequence can be generated based on ZC (Zadoff Chu), and the root sequence number and cyclic shift can be provided through upper layer signaling. The generated sequence can be overlaid on the OOK (On Off Keying) symbol, through which a complex value block x(k,l) can be generated. At this time, the number of 'ON' bits (M value) can be set differently depending on the DRX state (IDLE / INACTIVE or CONNECTED).

[0386] - The LPSS sequence can be set to any of the lengths {6, 8, 12, 16, 32}, and four bit patterns can be predefined for this setting. An additional ZC-based sequence can be generated based on upper layer signaling. LPSS can also be converted to an OOK symbol block and then mapped.

[0387] Figure 15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a terminal and a network according to one embodiment. Since Figure 15 is an implementation example of at least some of the previously described proposals, the previously described proposals may be referenced even if not otherwise specifically mentioned.

[0388] Referring to FIG. 15, a base station may receive a UE capability report from a terminal. The UE capability report may include information about the WUS supported by the terminal and / or information about the minimum time gap required from WUS detection to PDCCH monitoring.

[0389] A base station can provide at least one upper layer signaling to a terminal (A10). The upper layer signaling can include various configuration information. The configuration information can include information for configuring multiple cells. The configuration information can include configuration information for a WUS. The configuration information for a WUS can include information about WUS MOs for WUS monitoring.

[0390] The terminal may decide to switch the cell for WUS detection from the first cell to the second cell (A15). For example, the terminal may decide to switch the cell for WUS detection to the second cell based on the measurement result for the first cell. For example, the measurement result for the first cell may include at least one of the Low Power-Reference Signal Received Power (LP-RSRP) or the Low Power-Reference Signal Received Quality (LP-RSRQ) measured based on the Low Power Synchronization Signal (LP-SS) on the first cell.

[0391] The terminal can transmit information to the base station to report that the cell for detecting the WUS has been switched to the second cell (A20).

[0392] The base station can generate a WUS (A22). The WUS can be modulated / generated based on on-off keying (OOK). The WUS can be an on-off keying (OOK) modulated signal overlaid with an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sequence.

[0393] The terminal can monitor WUS on the second cell (A25) and detect WUS transmitted by the base station (A30).

[0394] The terminal may select one or more cells among a plurality of cells for PDCCH monitoring based on WUS detection (A35). The base station may indicate one or more cells to be used for potential PDCCH transmission based on WUS transmission. For example, the selection of the one or more cells for PDCCH monitoring may be performed based on at least one of the resources (e.g., WUS MO) in which the WUS is detected or information included in the WUS. The configuration information for the WUS may include information on the association between WUS MOs and cell groups for monitoring the PDCCH.

[0395] The terminal can monitor the PDCCH in one or more selected cells (A40) and receive PDCCH(s) (A45). The terminal can start monitoring the PDCCH from the first symbol of the first slot located after the minimum time gap from the WUS detection.

[0396] The above plurality of cells include at least one SCell (secondary cell), and an SCell that was previously set to a dormant state may start in the dormant state at the time when monitoring of the PDCCH begins.

[0397] Figure 16 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a terminal according to one embodiment. Since Figure 16 is an implementation example of at least some of the proposals described above, the proposals described above may be referenced even if not otherwise specifically mentioned.

[0398] Referring to Fig. 16, the terminal can receive configuration information for a WUS (wake up signal) through upper layer signaling (B05).

[0399] The terminal can switch the cell for detecting the WUS from the first cell to the second cell among multiple cells (B10).

[0400] The terminal can detect the WUS on the second cell based on the above setting information (B15).

[0401] The terminal can monitor a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from among the plurality of cells based on detection of WUS (B20).

[0402] The terminal may decide to switch the cell for detecting the WUS to the second cell based on the measurement result for the first cell. For example, the measurement result for the first cell may include at least one of the Low Power-Reference Signal Received Power (LP-RSRP) or the Low Power-Reference Signal Received Quality (LP-RSRQ) measured based on the Low Power Synchronization Signal (LP-SS) on the first cell.

[0403] The terminal may transmit information to report that the cell for detecting the WUS has been switched to the second cell.

[0404] Selection of one or more cells on which monitoring of the PDCCH is to be performed may be performed based on at least one of the resources from which the WUS is detected or information included in the WUS.

[0405] For example, cells of a first cell group may be selected for monitoring of the PDCCH based on the detection of the WUS in a first WUS MO among a plurality of WUS MOs (monitoring occasions), and cells of a second cell group may be selected for monitoring of the PDCCH based on the detection of the WUS in a second WUS MO among the plurality of WUS MOs.

[0406] The above configuration information may include information on the linkage between the plurality of WUS MOs and cell groups for monitoring the PDCCH.

[0407] The above plurality of cells include at least one SCell (secondary cell), and an SCell that was previously set to a dormant state may start in the dormant state at the time when monitoring of the PDCCH begins.

[0408] The terminal may transmit terminal capability information including information on the minimum time gap required from the detection of the WUS to the monitoring of the PDCCH. The terminal may start monitoring the PDCCH from the first symbol of the first slot located after the minimum time gap from the detection of the WUS.

[0409] The above WUS may be an OOK (on-off keying) modulation signal overlaid with an OFDM (orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing) sequence.

[0410] Figure 17 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a base station according to one embodiment. Figure 17 is an implementation example of at least some of the proposals described above, and thus, the proposals described above may be referenced even if not otherwise specifically mentioned.

[0411] Referring to FIG. 17, the base station can transmit configuration information for a WUS (wake up signal) to the terminal through upper layer signaling (C05).

[0412] The base station can receive information from the terminal reporting that the cell for detecting the WUS among the multiple cells set in the terminal has been switched from the first cell to the second cell (C10).

[0413] The base station can transmit the WUS on the second cell (C15).

[0414] The base station can transmit a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from among the plurality of cells based on the transmission of the WUS (C20).

[0415] The report may include measurement results for the first cell. For example, the measurement results for the first cell may include at least one of a Low Power-Reference Signal Received Power (LP-RSRP) or a Low Power-Reference Signal Received Quality (LP-RSRQ) measured based on a Low Power Synchronization Signal (LP-SS) on the first cell.

[0416] Selection of one or more cells on which transmission of the PDCCH is to be performed may be performed based on at least one of the resources through which the WUS is transmitted or information included in the WUS.

[0417] For example, cells of a first cell group may be selected for transmission of the PDCCH based on the WUS being transmitted in a first WUS MO (monitoring occasion) among a plurality of WUS MOs, and cells of a second cell group may be selected for transmission of the PDCCH based on the WUS being transmitted in a second WUS MO among the plurality of WUS MOs.

[0418] The above configuration information may include information on linkage between the plurality of WUS MOs and cell groups for transmission of the PDCCH.

[0419] The above plurality of cells include at least one SCell (secondary cell), and an SCell that was previously set to a dormant state may start in the dormant state at the time when PDCCH monitoring of the terminal starts.

[0420] The base station may receive terminal capability information including information on the minimum time gap required from the detection of the WUS to the monitoring of the PDCCH from the terminal. The base station may be capable of transmitting the PDCCH starting from the first symbol of the first slot located after the minimum time gap from the detection of the WUS.

[0421] The above WUS may be an OOK (on-off keying) modulation signal overlaid with an OFDM (orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing) sequence.

[0422] The embodiments described above are combinations of components and features of the present disclosure in a predetermined form. Each component or feature should be considered optional unless explicitly stated otherwise. Each component or feature may be implemented without being combined with other components or features. Furthermore, it is also possible to form embodiments of the present disclosure by combining some components and / or features. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment. It is self-evident that claims that do not have an explicit citation relationship in the patent claims may be combined to form embodiments or incorporated as new claims through post-application amendments.

[0423] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in any respect, but rather as illustrative. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the scope of equivalents of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0424] The present disclosure may be used in a terminal, base station, or other equipment of a wireless mobile communication system.

Claims

1. In a method performed by a terminal, Receive configuration information for WUS (wake up signal) through upper layer signaling; Switching the cell for detecting the WUS among the plurality of cells from the first cell to the second cell; Detecting the WUS on the second cell based on the above setting information; and A method comprising monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from among the plurality of cells based on detection of the WUS.

2. In paragraph 1, A method in which the terminal determines to switch the cell for detecting the WUS to the second cell based on the measurement result for the first cell.

3. In paragraph 2, A method wherein the measurement result for the first cell includes at least one of LP-RSRP (Low Power-Reference Signal Received Power) or LP-RSRQ (Low Power-Reference Signal Received Quality) measured based on LP-SS (Low Power Synchronization Signal) on the first cell.

4. In paragraph 1, A method further comprising transmitting information for reporting that the cell for detecting the WUS has switched to the second cell.

5. In paragraph 1, A method wherein selection of one or more cells on which monitoring of the PDCCH is to be performed is performed based on at least one of a resource from which the WUS is detected or information included in the WUS.

6. In paragraph 1, Cells of the first cell group are selected for monitoring of the PDCCH based on the detection of the WUS in the first WUS MO among multiple WUS MOs (monitoring occasions), A method in which cells of a second cell group are selected for monitoring the PDCCH based on the detection of the WUS in a second WUS MO among the plurality of WUS MOs.

7. In paragraph 6, A method wherein the above configuration information includes information on linkage between the plurality of WUS MOs and cell groups for monitoring the PDCCH.

8. In paragraph 1, The above plurality of cells include at least one SCell (secondary cell), A method in which an SCell that was previously set to a dormant state starts to be in the dormant state at the time when monitoring of the PDCCH begins.

9. In paragraph 1, Further comprising transmitting terminal capability information including information on the minimum time gap required from the detection of the WUS to the monitoring of the PDCCH, A method in which the terminal starts monitoring the PDCCH from the first symbol of the first slot located after the minimum time gap from the WUS detection.

10. In paragraph 1, The above WUS is an OOK (on-off keying) modulation signal overlaid with an OFDM (orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing) sequence, the method.

11. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for performing the method described in paragraph 1.

12. In the device, at least one processor; and At least one memory configured to store instructions that are executed by said at least one processor to cause said at least one processor to perform operations, The operations of the above processor are: Receive configuration information for WUS (wake up signal) through upper layer signaling; Switching the cell for detecting the WUS among the plurality of cells from the first cell to the second cell; Detecting the WUS on the second cell based on the above setting information; and A device comprising monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from among the plurality of cells based on detection of the WUS.

13. In paragraph 12, A device wherein the above device is a terminal including a transceiver or a processing device configured to control the terminal.

14. In a method performed by a base station, Transmit configuration information for WUS (wake up signal) to the terminal through upper layer signaling; Receiving information from the terminal reporting that among the plurality of cells set in the terminal, the cell for detecting the WUS has been switched from the first cell to the second cell; Transmitting the WUS on the second cell; and A method comprising transmitting a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from among the plurality of cells based on transmission of the WUS.

15. At the base station, at least one processor; and At least one memory configured to store instructions that are executed by said at least one processor to cause said at least one processor to perform operations, The operations of the above processor are: Transmit configuration information for WUS (wake up signal) to the terminal through upper layer signaling; Receiving information from the terminal reporting that among the plurality of cells set in the terminal, the cell for detecting the WUS has been switched from the first cell to the second cell; Transmitting the WUS on the second cell; and A base station comprising transmitting a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in one or more cells selected from among the plurality of cells based on transmission of the WUS.

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