Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and provides a communication method and apparatus. For a scenario in which a session control process is separated from a media negotiation process, upon completion of a media negotiation regarding a first session, a media function entity may send first information to a control function entity. The first session is a session between a first terminal and a second terminal and is used for transmitting a media stream between the two terminals, and the first session passes through the media function entity. The first information indicates that the media negotiation regarding the first session has been completed at the media function entity, or indicates reservation of a resource for the first session. Upon receiving the first information, the control function entity may send a request to a policy control network on the basis of the first information, to request reservation of a resource for the first session. According to the method, in a scenario in which a session control process is separated from a media negotiation process, a precondition mechanism can be employed to reserve a resource for a calling terminal and a called terminal, thereby improving the call success rate.

Description

Communication method and apparatus

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202411111057.9, filed on August 13, 2024, and entitled "Communication method and apparatus", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a communication method and apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0003] In a communication system, one terminal can initiate a call procedure to one or more terminals except itself to perform session control (such as session creation or session update) and media negotiation (such as negotiation of media information used for a call) so as to realize audio / video call among multiple users. In the call procedure, in order to improve the call success rate of the calling terminal, a resource reservation (precondition) mechanism is introduced. Based on the resource reservation mechanism, before the called terminal rings, the network (such as an access network and a core network) where the calling terminal is located and the network (such as an access network and a core network) where the called terminal is located will reserve sufficient resources for this call to establish a bearer between the above network and the corresponding terminal. Subsequently, after the user of the called terminal answers the call, the audio / video call between the calling terminal and the called terminal can be realized through the above bearer.

[0004] In the above process, the session control process and the media negotiation process are performed at the same time, which can cause the media negotiation process to be complex and the media negotiation efficiency to be low. Therefore, the idea of separating the session control process and the media negotiation process is proposed. Then, in the scenario of separating the session control process and the media negotiation process, how to apply the resource reservation mechanism is a problem to be solved urgently. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a communication method and apparatus, which can apply the resource reservation mechanism to reserve resources for the calling terminal and the called terminal in the scenario of separating the session control process and the media negotiation process, and improve the call success rate.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be performed by a control function entity. The control function entity herein can refer to the control function entity itself, or a processor, circuit, module, logic node, chip, or chip system, etc. in the control function entity that implements the method.

[0008] The method comprises: receiving first information from the media function entity, and sending a first request to the policy control entity according to the first information. The first information indicates that media negotiation of a first session is completed at the media function entity, or the first information indicates that resources are reserved for the first session. The first session is a session between a first terminal and a second terminal, the first session is used to transmit a media stream between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the first session passes through the media function entity. The first request is used to request that resources be reserved for the first session.

[0009] Based on the method provided in the first aspect, the media function entity can indicate to the control function entity that media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, or the media function entity can indicate that resources are reserved for the first session. The control function entity can request the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session according to the indication of the media function entity, so as to improve the call success rate of the first session.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the receiving the first information from the media function entity comprises: receiving the first information from the media function entity in a case where media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity.

[0011] Based on the possible implementation, the control function entity can request the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session after the media function entity completes media negotiation of the first session.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises: sending second information to the media function entity; the first information indicates that media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, and the second information is used to subscribe to a media negotiation state of the first session; or the first information indicates that resources are reserved for the first session, and the second information is used to subscribe to a resource reservation state of the first session.

[0013] Based on the possible implementation, the control function entity can subscribe to the media negotiation state of the first session from the media function entity, so that the media function entity sends the first information to the control function entity according to the perceived media negotiation state of the first session. Alternatively, the control function entity can subscribe to the resource reservation state of the first session from the media function entity, so that the media function entity sends the first information to the control function entity according to the perceived resource reservation state of the first session.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises: receiving first media information from the media function entity, the first media information being media information negotiated by the media function entity for the first session, and the first media information being used by the media function entity to send or receive a media stream based on the first media information; the first request carries second media information, and the second media information is determined according to the first media information.

[0015] Based on the possible implementation manner above, the control function entity can acquire the first media information from the media function entity, and send the second media information determined according to the first media information to the policy control entity in the first request, so that the policy control entity reserves resources for the first session according to the second media information. Exemplarily, the second media information includes all or part of the information of the first media information.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the method further includes: receiving a response of the first request from the policy control entity, the response of the first request indicating whether the resource reservation for the first session is completed; the first request is an authentication / authorization request, and the response of the first request is an authentication / authorization response; or the first request is a policy authorization request, and the response of the first request is a policy authorization response.

[0017] Based on the possible implementation manner above, the control function entity can request the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session through an authentication / authorization request or a policy authorization request. In addition, the control function entity can also receive a corresponding response to confirm whether the resource reservation for the first session is completed.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, the first terminal or the second terminal is located in the first communication network; the control function entity is deployed on a proxy call session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on an Internet protocol multimedia subsystem access media gateway in the first communication network; or the control function entity is deployed on a unified session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on a media function network element in the first communication network.

[0019] Based on the possible implementation manner above, the control function entity and the media function entity can be deployed in the network in various manners.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the method is applied to a call process between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the first communication network is a calling network or a called network.

[0021] Based on the possible implementation manner above, the control function entity and the media function entity can be deployed in the calling network or the called network.

[0022] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be executed by a media function entity. The media function entity herein can refer to the media function entity itself, or a processor, circuit, module, logic node, chip, or chip system, etc. in the media function entity that implements the method.

[0023] The method comprises: receiving or sending first media information, and sending first information to the control function entity according to the first media information. The first media information is media information negotiated by the media function entity for a first session. The first session is a session between a first terminal and a second terminal. The first session is used to transmit a media stream between the first terminal and the second terminal. The first session passes through the media function entity. The first information is used to trigger a request for resource reservation for the first session. The first information indicates that media negotiation for the first session is completed at the media function entity, or the first information indicates that resources are reserved for the first session.

[0024] According to the method provided in the second aspect, since the first media information is media information negotiated by the media function entity for the first session, the media function entity receiving the first media information or the media function entity sending the first media information can indicate that the media negotiation for the first session is completed. That is, the media function entity can indicate to the control function entity that the media negotiation for the first session is completed at the media function entity after the media negotiation for the first session is completed, or the media function entity indicates to reserve resources for the first session according to the first media information, so that the control function entity triggers a request for resource reservation for the first session, thereby improving the call success rate of the first session.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises: receiving second information from the control function entity; the first information indicates that the media negotiation for the first session is completed at the media function entity, and the second information is used to subscribe to a media negotiation state of the first session; or the first information indicates that resources are reserved for the first session, and the second information is used to subscribe to a resource reservation state of the first session.

[0026] According to the possible implementation, the media function entity can send corresponding information to the control function entity according to the content subscribed by the control function entity. For example, when the second information is used to subscribe to the media negotiation state of the first session, the media function entity indicates to the control function entity that the media negotiation for the first session is completed at the media function entity when it is perceived that the media negotiation state of the first session is completed; when the second information is used to subscribe to the resource reservation state of the first session, the media function entity indicates to the control function entity that resources are reserved for the first session when it is perceived that resources are to be reserved for the first session.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the sending of the first information to the control function entity according to the first media information comprises: the first media information indicates that the media information negotiation for the first session is successful, and the first information indicates that the media negotiation for the first session is completed at the media function entity; or the first media information indicates that the media information negotiation for the first session is successful, and the first terminal and the second terminal support a resource reservation function, and the first information indicates that resources are reserved for the first session.

[0028] Based on the possible implementation manner above, when the first media information indicates that the media information negotiation of the first session is successful, the media function entity can indicate the control function entity that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, so that the control function entity triggers to reserve resources for the first session. Or, when the first media information indicates that the media information negotiation of the first session is successful, and the first terminal and the second terminal support the resource reservation function, the media function entity can indicate the control function entity to reserve resources for the first session, so that the control function entity triggers to request to reserve resources for the first session.

[0029] In a possible implementation manner, the first terminal or the second terminal is located in a first communication network; the control function entity is deployed on a proxy call session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on an Internet protocol multimedia subsystem access media gateway in the first communication network; or the control function entity is deployed on a unified session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on a media function network element in the first communication network.

[0030] Based on the possible implementation manner above, the control function entity and the media function entity can be deployed in the network in various manners.

[0031] In a possible implementation manner, the method is applied to a call process between the first terminal and the second terminal; and the first communication network is a calling network or a called network.

[0032] Based on the possible implementation manner above, the control function entity and the media function entity can be deployed in the calling network or the called network.

[0033] In a third aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be executed by a media function entity. The media function entity herein can refer to the media function entity itself, or a processor, circuit, module, logic node, chip, or chip system, etc. in the media function entity that implements the method.

[0034] The method comprises: receiving or sending first media information, and sending a first request to a policy control entity according to the first media information. The first media information is media information negotiated by the media function entity for a first session, the first session is a session between a first terminal and a second terminal, the first session is used to transmit a media stream between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the first session passes through the media function entity. The first request is used to request to reserve resources for the first session.

[0035] Based on the method provided in the third aspect, since the first media information is the media information negotiated by the media function entity for the first session, the media function entity receiving the first media information or the media function entity sending the first media information can indicate that the media negotiation of the first session is completed. That is, the media function entity can trigger the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session according to the first media information after the media negotiation of the first session is completed, so as to improve the call success rate of the first session.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the sending of the first request to the policy control entity according to the first media information comprises: in a case where the first media information indicates that the media negotiation of the first session is successful and the first terminal and the second terminal support the resource reservation function, sending the first request to the policy control entity.

[0037] Based on the possible implementation, the media function entity can send the first request to the policy control entity in a case where the first media information indicates that the media negotiation of the first session is successful and the first terminal and the second terminal support the resource reservation function, so as to trigger the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises: receiving a response to the first request from the policy control entity, the response to the first request indicating whether the resource reservation for the first session is completed; the first request is an authentication / authorization request, and the response to the first request is an authentication / authorization response; or the first request is a policy authorization request, and the response to the first request is a policy authorization response.

[0039] Based on the possible implementation, the media function entity can send the authentication / authorization request or the policy authorization request to the policy control entity to request the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session. In addition, the media function entity can also receive a corresponding response to confirm whether the resource reservation for the first session is completed.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the first terminal or the second terminal is located in the first communication network; and the media function entity is deployed on an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem Access Media Gateway or a media function network element in the first communication network.

[0041] Based on the possible implementation, the media function entity can be deployed in the network in various ways.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the method is applied to a call process between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the first communication network is a calling network or a called network.

[0043] Based on the possible implementation, the media function entity can be deployed in the calling network or the called network.

[0044] In a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided for implementing the method in the first aspect. The communication apparatus can be the control function entity in the first aspect. The communication apparatus comprises modules, units, or means corresponding to the method, which can be implemented by hardware, software, or by a combination of hardware and software. The hardware or software comprises one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions described above.

[0045] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus can comprise a processing module and an interface module. The processing module can be configured to implement the processing functions in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof. The processing module can be, for example, a processor. The interface module, which can also be referred to as an interface unit, is configured to implement the sending and / or receiving functions in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof. The interface module can be constituted by an interface circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver, or a communication interface.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the interface module is configured to receive first information from the media function entity, the first information indicating that media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, or the first information indicating that resources are reserved for the first session, the first session being a session between the first terminal and the second terminal, the first session being used to transmit media streams between the first terminal and the second terminal, the first session passing through the media function entity; and the processing module is configured to control the interface module to send, according to the first information, a first request to the policy control entity, the first request being used to request that resources be reserved for the first session.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the interface module is specifically configured to receive the first information from the media function entity in the case that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the interface module is further configured to send second information to the media function entity; the first information indicates that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, and the second information is used to subscribe to a media negotiation state of the first session; or the first information indicates that resources are reserved for the first session, and the second information is used to subscribe to a resource reservation state of the first session.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the interface module is further configured to receive first media information from the media function entity, the first media information being media information negotiated by the media function entity for the first session, the first media information being used by the media function entity to send or receive media streams based on the first media information; and the first request carries second media information, the second media information being determined according to the first media information.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the interface module is further configured to receive a response of the first request from the policy control entity, the response of the first request indicating whether resource reservation of the first session is completed; the first request is an authentication / authorization request, and the response of the first request is an authentication / authorization response; or the first request is a policy authorization request, and the response of the first request is a policy authorization response.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the first terminal or the second terminal is located in a first communication network; the control function entity is deployed on a proxy call session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on an Internet protocol multimedia subsystem access media gateway in the first communication network; or the control function entity is deployed on a unified session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on a media function network element in the first communication network.

[0052] In a possible implementation, the first communication network is a calling network or a called network.

[0053] In a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided for implementing the method in the second aspect. The communication apparatus can be the media function entity in the second aspect. The communication apparatus includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the method, which can be implemented by hardware, software, or by a combination of hardware and software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.

[0054] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus can include a processing module and an interface module. The processing module can be configured to perform the processing functions in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof. The processing module can be, for example, a processor. The interface module, which can also be referred to as an interface unit, is configured to perform the sending and / or receiving functions in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof. The interface module can be composed of an interface circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver, or a communication interface.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the interface module is configured to receive or send first media information, the first media information being media information negotiated by the media function entity for a first session, the first session being a session between a first terminal and a second terminal, the first session being used to transmit a media stream between the first terminal and the second terminal, the first session passing through the media function entity; and the processing module is configured to control the interface module to send first information to the control function entity according to the first media information, the first information being used to trigger a request for resource reservation for the first session, the first information indicating that media negotiation for the first session is completed at the media function entity, or the first information indicating that resources are reserved for the first session.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the interface module is further configured to receive second information from the control function entity; the first information indicates that media negotiation for the first session is completed at the media function entity, and the second information is used to subscribe to a media negotiation state of the first session; or the first information indicates that resources are reserved for the first session, and the second information is used to subscribe to a resource reservation state of the first session.

[0057] In a possible implementation, the first media information indicates that media information negotiation for the first session is successful, and the first information indicates that media negotiation for the first session is completed at the media function entity; or the first media information indicates that media information negotiation for the first session is successful, and the first terminal and the second terminal support a resource reservation function, and the first information indicates that resources are reserved for the first session.

[0058] In a possible implementation, the first terminal or the second terminal is located in a first communication network; the control function entity is deployed on a proxy call session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on an Internet protocol multimedia subsystem access media gateway in the first communication network; or the control function entity is deployed on a unified session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on a media function network element in the first communication network.

[0059] In a possible implementation, the first communication network is a calling network or a called network.

[0060] In a sixth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided for implementing the method in the third aspect. The communication apparatus can be the media function entity in the third aspect. The communication apparatus includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the modules, units, or means for implementing the method, which can be implemented by hardware, by software, or by a combination of hardware and software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions described above.

[0061] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus can include a processing module and an interface module. The processing module can be configured to implement the processing functions in the above-described second aspect and any possible implementation thereof. The processing module can be, for example, a processor. The interface module, which can also be referred to as an interface unit, is configured to implement the sending and / or receiving functions in the above-described third aspect and any possible implementation thereof. The interface module can be constituted by an interface circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver, or a communication interface.

[0062] In a possible implementation, the interface module is configured to receive or send first media information, the first media information being media information negotiated by the media function entity for a first session, the first session being a session between a first terminal and a second terminal, the first session being used to transmit a media stream between the first terminal and the second terminal, the first session passing through the media function entity; and the processing module is configured to control the interface module to send, according to the first media information, a first request to a policy control entity, the first request being used to request resource reservation for the first session.

[0063] In a possible implementation, the processing module is specifically configured to control the interface module to send, to the policy control entity, the first request in a case where the first media information indicates that media information negotiation of the first session is successful, and the first terminal and the second terminal support a resource reservation function.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the interface module is further configured to receive, from the policy control entity, a response to the first request, the response to the first request indicating whether resource reservation for the first session is completed; the first request is an authentication / authorization request, and the response to the first request is an authentication / authorization response; or the first request is a policy authorization request, and the response to the first request is a policy authorization response.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the first terminal or the second terminal is located in a first communication network; and the media function entity is deployed on an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem Access Media Gateway or a media function network element in the first communication network.

[0066] In a possible implementation, the first communication network is a calling network or a called network.

[0067] In a seventh aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which comprises: a processor; and a memory. The memory stores a computer program (or computer executable instructions) for causing the communication apparatus to perform the method of any one of the above aspects. The communication apparatus can be the control function entity of the first aspect; or the communication apparatus can be the media function entity of the second aspect; or the communication apparatus can be the media function entity of the third aspect. Optionally, the number of processors can be one or more.

[0068] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus further comprises a memory.

[0069] In a possible implementation, the processor and the memory are integrated together; or the memory is independent of the processor.

[0070] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus further comprises a communication interface for the communication apparatus to communicate with other devices, such as transmitting or receiving data and / or signals. For example, the communication interface can be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module or other types of communication interface.

[0071] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus is a chip or a chip system. Optionally, when the communication apparatus is a chip system, it can be composed of a chip or can comprise a chip and other discrete devices.

[0072] In an eighth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which comprises: a processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is configured to receive a computer program or instructions and transmit the computer program or instructions to the processor. The processor is configured to execute the computer program or instructions to cause the communication apparatus to perform the method of any one of the above aspects. The communication apparatus can be the control function entity of the first aspect; or the communication apparatus can be the media function entity of the second aspect; or the communication apparatus can be the media function entity of the third aspect. Optionally, the number of processors can be one or more.

[0073] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus is a chip or a chip system. Optionally, when the communication apparatus is a chip system, it can be composed of a chip or can comprise a chip and other discrete devices.

[0074] In a ninth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores instructions, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of the above aspects.

[0075] In a tenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which comprises instructions, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of the above aspects.

[0076] In an eleventh aspect, a communication system is provided, which comprises a control function entity configured to perform the method of the first aspect, and / or a media function entity configured to perform the method of the second aspect.

[0077] In a twelfth aspect, a communication system is provided, which comprises a media function entity configured to perform the method of the third aspect. The communication system further comprises a policy control entity configured to receive a first request from the media function entity, the first request being configured to request to reserve resources for a first session.

[0078] The technical effects brought by the possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect to the twelfth aspect can refer to the technical effects brought by any of the first aspect to the third aspect or any of the different possible implementation manners of any of the first aspect to the third aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0079] It can be understood that the schemes in each of the aspects can be combined, provided that the schemes are not contradictory. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0080] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of an internet protocol multimedia subsystem (IMS) network provided by the present application;

[0081] FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a real-time communication network provided by the present application;

[0082] FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of a hybrid network of an IMS network and a real-time communication network provided by the present application;

[0083] FIG. 1D is a schematic diagram of an interaction between an SDP offerer and an SDP answerer provided by the present application;

[0084] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system architecture provided by the present application;

[0085] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a communication device provided by the present application;

[0086] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the present application;

[0087] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the present application;

[0088] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the present application;

[0089] Fig. 7 is a flow diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] Fig. 8 is a flow diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] Fig. 9 is a flow diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] Fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0093] Before the technical solutions of the present application are introduced, the related technical terms involved in the present application are explained and described. It can be understood that these explanations and descriptions are for the purpose of making the present application easier to be understood, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection required by the present application.

[0094] 1. Terminal

[0095] The terminal in this application is a device with wireless transceiving function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor, outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on water surface (such as ships, etc.); can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.). The terminal can also be called terminal equipment, which can be user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc., or a device for providing voice or data connectivity to users. Among them, the UE includes handheld devices with wireless communication function, vehicle-mounted devices (such as cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed rails, etc.), wearable devices (such as smart watches, smart bracelets, pedometers, etc.) or computing devices. Exemplarily, the UE can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a satellite terminal or a computer with wireless transceiving function. The UE can also be a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless modem, a smart point of sale (POS) machine, a customer-premises equipment (CPE), a smart robot, a mechanical arm, a workshop device, a smart home device (such as a refrigerator, a television, an air conditioner, an electric meter, etc.), a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical treatment, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart traffic, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a road side unit (RSU) with terminal function, or a flight device (such as a smart robot, a hot air balloon, a drone, an airplane), etc. The terminal can also be other devices with terminal function, for example, the terminal can also be a device with terminal function in device to device (D2D) communication.

[0096] By way of example, and without limitation, in the present application, a terminal can be a wearable device. A wearable device can also be referred to as a wearable smart device, which is a general term for devices that are designed by applying wearable technology to daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes, etc. A wearable device is a portable device that is directly worn on the body or integrated into the clothes or accessories of a user. For example, a wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also a device that achieves powerful functions through software support and data interaction and cloud interaction. Broadly, a wearable smart device includes devices with full functions and large sizes that can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on a smart phone, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and devices that focus on a certain type of application function and need to be used in cooperation with other devices, such as smart phones, such as various types of smart wristbands and smart jewelry for monitoring vital signs.

[0097] In the present application, a terminal can be a terminal in an internet of things (IoT) system, which is an important part of future information technology development, and its main technical feature is to connect objects through communication technology and a network, thereby realizing an intelligent network of human-machine interconnection and object-object interconnection. The terminal in the present application can be a terminal in machine type communication (MTC).

[0098] The terminal of the present application can be an on-board module, an on-board module group, an on-board component, an on-board chip, an on-board unit (OBU), or a telematics box (T-BOX) built into a vehicle as one or more components or units, and the vehicle can implement the method of the present application through the built-in on-board module, on-board module group, on-board component, on-board chip, on-board unit, or T-BOX. The terminal can also be a whole vehicle device. Therefore, the present application can be applied to the Internet of Vehicles, such as vehicle to everything (V2X), long term evolution vehicle (LTE-V), vehicle to vehicle (V2V), etc.

[0099] 2. Call process

[0100] The call process in the present application refers to a process in which a terminal participates as a calling party or a called party, and is connected to one or more other terminals through a communication network (such as an IMS network, a real-time communication network, or a mixed network of the two, etc.) for voice communication or video communication. The IMS network can be as shown in FIG. 1A, the real-time communication network can be as shown in FIG. 1B, and the mixed network can be as shown in FIG. 1C.

[0101] In the present application, the call process can cover the whole process from the start of dialing to the end of the call, or can cover part of the process from the start of dialing to the end of the call, such as the process from the start of dialing to the user taking off the handset, without limitation. The call process in the present application can be a one-to-one call process, or a one-to-many (such as a conference) call process; the present application is described by taking the one-to-one call process as an example, but the related solutions can be used for the one-to-many call process.

[0102] 3. IMS network

[0103] The IMS network described in the present application is an open system based on Internet Protocol (IP) and providing various multimedia services to users. For example, the IMS network can include one or more of the following network elements: a proxy-call session control function (P-CSCF) network element, an interrogating-call session control function (I-CSCF) network element, a serving-call session control function (S-CSCF) network element, a multimedia telephony application server (MMTel AS), an interconnection border control function (IBCF) network element, an IMS-access media gateway (IMS-AGW), a transition gateway (TrGW), a policy and charging control function (PCF) network element, or a policy and charging rules function (PCRF) network element. It should be understood that the above network elements can be independently deployed on various physical devices, or part of the above network elements can be deployed on the same physical device, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

[0104] In the IMS network, the P-CSCF network element, the I-CSCF network element, the S-CSCF network element, the MMTel AS, and the IBCF network element are control plane network elements or signaling plane network elements, which are used to process operations related to session control, such as creating a session or updating a session. The IMS-AGW and the TrGW are media plane network elements, which are used to process operations related to media, such as media negotiation or transmitting a media stream. The session (for example, the first session in the embodiments described below) described in the present application refers to a logical connection between terminals, and the session can pass through one or more media plane network elements. The session can be used to transmit a media stream between terminals. The media stream described in the present application refers to media data generated by a terminal, such as one or more of audio data, video data, text data, or image data. The functions of each network element are briefly described below.

[0105] The P-CSCF network element is located in a visited network, is an access node of a user to an IMS network, and is mainly responsible for forwarding signaling between the user and a home network.

[0106] The I-CSCF network element is located in a home network, is a unified access point of the home network, and is mainly responsible for allocating or querying an S-CSCF serving a user.

[0107] The S-CSCF network element is also located in the home network, is a central node of the IMS network, and is mainly responsible for registration, authentication, session, routing, and service triggering of the user.

[0108] The MMTel AS is used to provide multimedia services, such as multimedia conferencing, call waiting, or call holding.

[0109] The IBCF network element is used to provide signaling interworking functions with other IP networks.

[0110] The IMS-AGW is used to provide a media anchor point of an access IMS network.

[0111] The TrGW is used to provide media interworking functions with other IP networks.

[0112] The PCF network element or the PCRF network element (referred to as the PCF / PCRF network element) can be used to perform quality of service (QoS) policy control, for example, to provide QoS control and / or charging control functions for a bearer network (such as an access network or a core network). In the present application, the PCF / PCRF network element can also be a network element in the core network.

[0113] Exemplarily, the architecture of the IMS network can be as shown in FIG. 1A. In FIG. 1A, the IMS network 10 includes a P-CSCF network element 1005, an I / S-CSCF network element 1004, an MMTEL AS 1003, an MMTEL AS 1007, an I / S-CSCF network element 1008, a P-CSCF network element 1009, an IMS-AGW 1006, an IMS-AGW 1010, a PCF / PCRF network element 1011, and a PCF / PCRF network element 1012. Among them, the I / S-CSCF network element is provided with an I-CSCF and an S-CSCF. It should be understood that the I / S-CSCF network element in the present application is a short form of the I-CSCF network element and the S-CSCF network element, but does not mean that the I-CSCF network element and the S-CSCF network element are the same physical device. In specific applications, the I-CSCF and the S-CSCF can be independently deployed on different physical devices, or can be deployed on the same physical device, which is not limited. Here, a unified description is made, and details are not repeated later.

[0114] In FIG. 1A, the signaling message (such as an invitation request, a 183 message, or an update request, etc.) sent by the terminal 1001 can reach the terminal 1002 through the P-CSCF network element 1005, the I / S-CSCF network element 1004, the MMTEL AS 1003, the I / S-CSCF network element 1004, the I / S-CSCF network element 1008, the MMTEL AS 1007, the I / S-CSCF network element 1008, the P-CSCF network element 1009. The media message (such as a media negotiation request (MediaNegotiationRequest) or a media negotiation response (MediaNegotiationResponse), etc.) sent by the terminal 1001 (or the terminal 1002) can reach the terminal 1002 (or the terminal 1001) through the IMS-AGW 1006 and the IMS-AGW 1010. Conversely, the signaling message or the media message sent by the terminal 1002 can reach the terminal 1001 along the reverse path. The session between the terminal 1001 and the terminal 1002 can pass through the IMS-AGW 1006 and the IMS-AGW 1010, and the session can transmit the media stream between the terminal 1001 and the terminal 1002. In addition, the P-CSCF network element 1005 or the IMS-AGW 1006 can request the PCF / PCRF network element 1011 to reserve resources for the above session. The P-CSCF network element 1009 or the IMS-AGW 1010 can request the PCF / PCRF network element 1012 to reserve resources for the above session.

[0115] It can be understood that when the terminal 1001 participates in the call process as a caller and the terminal 1002 participates in the call process as a callee, the P-CSCF network element 1005, the I / S-CSCF network element 1004, the MMTEL AS 1003, the IMS-AGW 1006, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1011 can be regarded as network elements in a caller domain or network elements in a caller network, and the P-CSCF network element 1009, the I / S-CSCF network element 1008, the MMTEL AS 1007, the IMS-AGW 1010, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1012 can be regarded as network elements in a callee domain or network elements in a callee network. Similarly, when the terminal 1001 participates in the call process as a callee and the terminal 1002 participates in the call process as a caller, the P-CSCF network element 1005, the I / S-CSCF network element 1004, the MMTEL AS 1003, the IMS-AGW 1006, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1011 can be regarded as network elements in a callee domain or network elements in a callee network, and the P-CSCF network element 1009, the I / S-CSCF network element 1008, the MMTEL AS 1007, the IMS-AGW 1010, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1012 can be regarded as network elements in a caller domain or network elements in a caller network.

[0116] It should be understood that FIG. 1A is merely an example of an IMS network, and in specific applications, the IMS network can also be in other forms, for example, the IMS network can include more or fewer network elements than those shown in FIG. 1A, or one or more network elements in FIG. 1A can also be replaced by other network elements with similar functions, without limitation.

[0117] 4. Real-time communication network

[0118] The real-time communication network described in the present application can also provide various multimedia services to users. Compared with the IMS network, the network architecture of the real-time communication network is simple, so that the multimedia services can be provided to the users more timely. For example, the real-time communication network can include one or more of the following network elements: a unified session control function (USF) network element, a media function (MF) network element, or a PCF / PCRF network element. It should be understood that the above network elements can be independently deployed on various physical devices, or some of the above network elements can be deployed on the same physical device, and the present application does not make specific limitations.

[0119] In the real-time communication network, the USF network element is a control plane network element or a signaling plane network element, used for processing operations related to session control, such as creating a session or updating a session. The MF network element is a media plane network element, used for processing operations related to media, such as media negotiation or transmitting a media stream. Among them, the USF network element can implement session access or session connection control. Optionally, the USF network element can also provide signaling interworking with other IP networks. The MF network element can implement media processing functions such as media negotiation and media forwarding. Optionally, the MF network element can also provide media interworking with other IP networks. In addition, in the real-time communication network, the USF network element can also allocate the MF network element to the terminal according to the location of the terminal access. The descriptions of the PCF / PCRF network element, the IBCF network element, and the TrGW in the IMS network can be referred to the descriptions of the PCF / PCRF network element, the IBCF network element, and the TrGW in the IMS network above.

[0120] In the real-time communication network, the messages between the terminal and the network can be real-time communication protocol messages carried based on a user datagram protocol (UDP), a quick UDP internet connection (QUIC), a websocket, or a webtransport, or can be session initiation protocol (SIP) messages, without limitation. The messages between network elements (or network functions) in the network can be messages carried based on a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP).

[0121] For example, the architecture of the real-time communication network can be as shown in FIG. IB. In FIG. IB, the real-time communication network 12 includes a USF network element 1203, a USF network element 1204, a MF network element 1205, a MF network element 1206, a PCF / PCRF network element 1207, and a PCF / PCRF network element 1208. In FIG. IB, the signaling messages (e.g., an invite request, a 183 message, or an update request, etc.) sent by the terminal 1201 can reach the terminal 1202 via the USF network element 1203 and the USF network element 1204. The media messages (e.g., a media negotiation request or a media negotiation response, etc.) sent by the terminal 1201 can reach the terminal 1202 via the MF network element 1205 and the MF network element 1206. Conversely, the signaling messages or media messages sent by the terminal 1202 can reach the terminal 1201 along the reverse paths. The session between the terminal 1201 and the terminal 1202 can pass through the MF network element 1205 and the MF network element 1206, and the session can transmit the media stream between the terminal 1201 and the terminal 1202. In addition, the USF network element 1203 or the MF network element 1205 can request the PCF / PCRF network element 1207 to reserve resources for the session. The USF network element 1204 or the MF network element 1206 can request the PCF / PCRF network element 1208 to reserve resources for the session.

[0122] It can be understood that when the terminal 1201 participates in the call process as a calling terminal and the terminal 1202 participates in the call process as a called terminal, the USF network element 1203, the MF network element 1205, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1207 can be regarded as network elements in the calling domain or network elements in the calling network, and the USF network element 1204, the MF network element 1206, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1208 can be regarded as network elements in the called domain or network elements in the called network. Similarly, when the terminal 1201 participates in the call process as a called terminal and the terminal 1202 participates in the call process as a calling terminal, the USF network element 1203, the MF network element 1205, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1207 can be regarded as network elements in the called domain or network elements in the called network, and the USF network element 1204, the MF network element 1206, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1208 can be regarded as network elements in the calling domain or network elements in the calling network.

[0123] It should be understood that FIG. IB is merely an example of the real-time communication network, and in specific applications, the real-time communication network can also be in other forms. For example, the real-time communication network can include more or fewer network elements than those shown in FIG. IB, or one or more network elements in FIG. IB can be replaced by other network elements having similar functions, without limitation.

[0124] 5. Mixed network of IMS network and real-time communication network

[0125] The hybrid network described in the present application refers to a network in which part of the terminals are in the IMS network and part of the terminals are in the real-time communication network during the call process. For example, the hybrid network can be as shown in FIG. 1C. It should be understood that FIG. 1C is only an example of the hybrid network, and in specific applications, the hybrid network can also be in other forms, for example, the hybrid network can include more or less network elements than shown in FIG. 1C, or one or more network elements in FIG. 1C can also be replaced by other network elements with similar functions, without limitation.

[0126] The hybrid network 14 shown in FIG. 1C includes a P-CSCF network element 1405, an I / S-CSCF network element 1404, an MMTEL AS 1403, a USF network element 1406, an IMS-AGW 1407, an MF network element 1408, a PCF / PCRF network element 1409, and a PCF / PCRF network element 1410. In FIG. 1C, the signaling messages (such as the invitation request, the 183 message, or the update request, etc.) sent by the terminal 1401 can reach the terminal 1402 through the P-CSCF network element 1405, the I / S-CSCF network element 1404, the MMTEL AS 1403, the I / S-CSCF network element 1404, and the USF network element 1406. The media messages (such as the media negotiation request or the media negotiation response, etc.) sent by the terminal 1401 can reach the terminal 1402 through the IMS-AGW 1407 and the MF network element 1408. Conversely, the signaling messages or media messages sent by the terminal 1402 can reach the terminal 1401 along the reverse path. The session between the terminal 1401 and the terminal 1402 can pass through the IMS-AGW 1407 and the MF network element 1408, and the session can transmit the media stream between the terminal 1401 and the terminal 1402. In addition, the P-CSCF network element 1405 or the IMS-AGW 1407 can request the PCF / PCRF network element 1409 to reserve resources for the above-mentioned session. The USF network element 1406 or the MF network element 1408 can request the PCF / PCRF network element 1410 to reserve resources for the above-mentioned session.

[0127] It can be understood that when the terminal 1401 participates in the call process as a caller and the terminal 1402 participates in the call process as a callee, the P-CSCF network element 1405, the I / S-CSCF network element 1404, the MMTEL AS 1403, the IMS-AGW 1407, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1409 can be regarded as network elements in a caller domain or network elements in a caller network, and the USF network element 1406, the MF network element 1408, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1410 can be regarded as network elements in a callee domain or network elements in a callee network. Similarly, when the terminal 1401 participates in the call process as a callee and the terminal 1402 participates in the call process as a caller, the P-CSCF network element 1405, the I / S-CSCF network element 1404, the MMTEL AS 1403, the IMS-AGW 1407, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1409 can be regarded as network elements in a callee domain or network elements in a callee network, and the USF network element 1407, the MF network element 1408, and the PCF / PCRF network element 1410 can be regarded as network elements in a caller domain or network elements in a caller network.

[0128] 6、SIP

[0129] The SIP described in the present application is an application layer control protocol for multimedia communication over an IP network proposed and chaired by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The SIP can be used to create, modify, or terminate a session process in which one or more participants participate. In addition, the SIP can support one or more signaling functions of multimedia communication. For example, the SIP signaling can be used to determine the location of a terminal participating in communication, i.e., for user positioning. And / or, the SIP signaling can be used for user communication capability negotiation to determine the media type and / or parameters of communication. And / or, the SIP signaling can be used to determine user willingness to interact, such as determining whether a called user has the willingness to participate in a certain communication. And / or, the SIP signaling can be used to establish a call, such as instructing a called terminal to ring, or determining session parameters of a calling terminal and a called terminal. And / or, the SIP signaling can be used for call management, such as call transfer, terminating a call, modifying session parameters, or invoking services, etc.

[0130] In the present application, SIP signaling communication can be used between control plane network elements (or signaling plane network elements).

[0131] 7、SDP

[0132] The SDP described in the present application is an application layer protocol that can be used to describe multimedia sessions, and is also a text-based protocol. The SIP can use the SDP to complete media negotiation between a calling party and a called party. Among them, the party initiating the media negotiation can be referred to as an SDP offerer, and the party responding to the media negotiation can be referred to as an SDP answerer.

[0133] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 1D, the SDP offerer can send SDP offer information (SDP Offer) to the SDP answerer, and the SDP answerer can send SDP answer information (SDP Answer) to the SDP offerer after receiving the SDP Offer. The SDP Offer can carry the information about the sending and receiving media capabilities of the SDP offerer, and the address information of the sending and receiving media. The SDP Answer carries the information about the response of the SDP answerer to the SDP offerer, which can be determined by the SDP answerer based on the information about the sending and receiving media capabilities of the SDP answerer, the address information of the sending and receiving media of the SDP answerer, and the information in the SDP Offer. Taking the negotiation of the audio and video media information between the SDP offerer and the SDP answerer as an example, the information carried in the SDP Offer can be as shown in Table 1, and the information carried in the SDP Answer can be as shown in Table 2. In Table 1, “c=IN IP4 192.168.0.1” represents the IP address of the SDP offerer; “m=audio 49170 RTP / AVP 0 18” represents that the audio media port of the SDP offerer is “49170”, and the supported audio codec formats are RTP / AVP 0 (the corresponding specific format is PCMU / 8000) and RTP / AVP 18 (the corresponding specific format is G729 / 8000); and “m=video 51372 RTP / AVP 31 32” represents that the video media port of the SDP offerer is “51372”, and the supported video codec formats are RTP / AVP 31 and RTP / AVP 32. In Table 2, “c=IN IP4 192.168.0.3” represents the IP address of the SDP answerer; “m=audio 49172 RTP / AVP 0” represents that the audio media port of the SDP answerer is “49172”, and the audio codec format responded by the SDP answerer is RTP / AVP 0; and “m=video 51372 RTP / AVP 31” represents that the video media port of the SDP answerer is “51372”, and the video codec format responded by the SDP answerer is RTP / AVP 31.

[0134] Table 1

[0135] Table 2

[0136] Based on the above media negotiation, the SDP offerer can determine that the audio data sent to the SDP answerer is encoded based on "PCMU / 8000", and the destination address of the audio data is 192.168.0.3 and the destination port is 49172, and the received audio data from the SDP answerer is decoded based on "PCMU / 8000". The SDP offerer can also determine that the video data sent to the SDP answerer is encoded based on "H261 / 90000", and the destination address of the video data is 192.168.0.3 and the destination port is 51372, and the received video data from the SDP answerer is decoded based on "H261 / 90000".

[0137] Based on the above media negotiation, the SDP answerer can determine that the audio data sent to the SDP offerer is encoded based on "PCMU / 8000", and the destination address of the audio data is 192.168.0.1 and the destination port is 49170, and the received audio data from the SDP offerer is decoded based on "PCMU / 8000". The SDP answerer can also determine that the video data sent to the SDP offerer is encoded based on "H261 / 90000", and the destination address of the video data is 192.168.0.1 and the destination port is 51372, and the received video data from the SDP offerer is decoded based on "H261 / 90000".

[0138] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0139] The method provided by the present application can be used in various communication systems. For example, the communication system can be a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) system, a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5th generation (5G) communication system, a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) related communication system, a communication system evolved after 5G or a system integrating multiple systems, etc., without limitation. The 5G can also be referred to as new radio (NR). The method provided by the present application will be described below taking the communication system 20 shown in FIG. 2 as an example. FIG. 2 is merely a schematic diagram and does not constitute a limitation on the applicable scenarios of the technical solutions provided by the present application.

[0140] As shown in FIG. 2, an architecture diagram of a communication system 20 is provided. In FIG. 2, the communication system 20 includes a control function entity 201, and a media function entity 202 connected with the control function entity 201. Optionally, the communication system 20 further includes a policy control entity 203. The policy control entity 203 can be connected with at least one of the control function entity 201 or the media function entity 202.

[0141] The media function entity in the present application, such as the media function entity 202, can be used to process media plane functions in a call process, such as media negotiation, and / or media stream transmission, etc. In some embodiments, the media function entity can further send first information to the control function network element after completing media negotiation of the first session, to indicate that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, or to indicate that resources are reserved for the first session, so that the control function entity requests the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session. In other embodiments, the media function entity can further request the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session after completing media negotiation of the first session. Exemplarily, the media function entity can be deployed in an IMS-AGW or an MF network element.

[0142] The control function entity in the present application, such as the control function entity 201, can be used to process control plane functions or signaling plane functions in a call process, such as session control. The control function entity can further receive first information from the media function entity. The first information indicates that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, or indicates that resources are reserved for the first session. Subsequently, the control function entity can request the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session according to the first information. Exemplarily, the control function entity can be deployed in a P-CSCF network element or a USF network element.

[0143] The policy control entity in the present application, such as the policy control entity 203, can receive a request from the control function entity or the media function entity to reserve resources for the first session. Exemplarily, the policy control entity can be deployed in a policy control network element, such as a PCF network element or a PCRF network element.

[0144] It can be understood that the above communication system 20 can be applied to various communication networks, for example, can be applied to an IMS network or a real-time communication network, can be applied to a hybrid network of an IMS network and a real-time communication network, etc., which will be described in detail below.

[0145] Case 1: the communication system 20 is applied to an IMS network.

[0146] A possible design is that the control function entity 201 is deployed on a P-CSCF network element in the first communication network, the media function entity 202 is deployed on an IMS-AGW in the first communication network, and the policy control entity 203 is deployed on a PCF / PCRF network element in the first communication network. The first communication network can be a calling network, or the first communication network can be a called network.

[0147] As an example, when the communication system 20 is applied to the IMS network 10 shown in FIG. 1A, the control function entity 201 is deployed on the P-CSCF network element 1005, the media function entity 202 is deployed on the IMS-AGW 1006, and the policy control entity 203 is deployed on the PCF / PCRF network element 1011. Alternatively, the control function entity 201 is deployed on the P-CSCF network element 1009, the media function entity 202 is deployed on the IMS-AGW 1010, and the policy control entity 203 is deployed on the PCF / PCRF network element 1012.

[0148] Case 2: The communication system 20 is applied to a real-time communication network.

[0149] A possible design is that the control function entity 201 is deployed on a USF network element in the first communication network, the media function entity 202 is deployed on a MF network element in the first communication network, and the policy control entity 203 is deployed on a PCF / PCRF network element in the first communication network. The first communication network can be a calling network, or the first communication network can be a called network.

[0150] As an example, when the communication system 20 is applied to the real-time communication network 12 shown in FIG. 1B, the control function entity 201 is deployed on the USF network element 1203, the media function entity 202 is deployed on the MF network element 1205, and the policy control entity 203 is deployed on the PCF / PCRF network element 1207. Alternatively, the control function entity 201 is deployed on the USF network element 1204, the media function entity 202 is deployed on the MF network element 1206, and the policy control entity 203 is deployed on the PCF / PCRF network element 1208.

[0151] Case 3: The communication system 20 is applied to a hybrid network.

[0152] As an example, when the communication system 20 is applied to the hybrid network 14 shown in FIG. 1C, the control function entity 201 is deployed on the P-CSCF network element 1405, the media function entity 202 is deployed on the IMS-AGW 1407, and the policy control entity 203 is deployed on the PCF / PCRF network element 1409. Alternatively, the control function entity 201 is deployed on the USF network element 1406, the media function entity 202 is deployed on the MF network element 1408, and the policy control entity 203 is deployed on the PCF / PCRF network element 1410.

[0153] As an example, when the communication system 20 is applied to the hybrid network 14 shown in FIG. 1C, the control function entity 201 is deployed on the P-CSCF network element 1405, the media function entity 202 is deployed on the IMS-AGW 1407, and the policy control entity 203 is deployed on the PCF / PCRF network element 1409. Alternatively, the control function entity 201 is deployed on the USF network element 1406, the media function entity 202 is deployed on the MF network element 1408, and the policy control entity 203 is deployed on the PCF / PCRF network element 1410.

[0154] It can be understood that the communication system 20 shown in FIG. 2 is only used as an example and does not limit the technical solutions of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the specific implementation process, the communication system 20 can also include other devices, and the number of control function entities, media function entities or policy control entities can also be determined according to specific needs, and is not limited.

[0155] Optionally, each entity (such as the control function entity 201 or the media function entity 202) in FIG. 2 of the present application can also be referred to as a communication device, which can be a general-purpose device or a special-purpose device, and the present application does not make specific limitations.

[0156] Optionally, the functions of each entity (such as the control function entity 201 or the media function entity 202) in FIG. 2 of the present application can be implemented by one device, or by multiple devices together, or by one or more functional modules in a device, and the present application does not make specific limitations. It can be understood that the above functions can be network elements in a hardware device, software functions running on a special-purpose hardware, or a combination of hardware and software, or virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (such as a cloud platform).

[0157] In a specific implementation, each entity in FIG. 2 of the present application (such as the control function entity 201 or the media function entity 202, etc.) can adopt the constituent structure shown in FIG. 3, or include the components shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a communication device applicable to the present application. The communication device 30 includes at least one processor 301 and at least one communication interface 304, for implementing the method provided by the present application. The communication device 30 can further include a communication line 302 and a memory 303.

[0158] The processor 301 can be a general central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of programs of the present application.

[0159] The communication line 302 can include a path for transmitting information between the above-mentioned components, such as a bus.

[0160] The communication interface 304 is configured to communicate with other devices or communication networks. The communication interface 304 can be any transceiver-like device, such as an Ethernet interface, a radio access network (RAN) interface, a wireless local area networks (WLAN) interface, a transceiver, a pin, a bus, an interface circuit, or a transceiver circuit, etc.

[0161] The memory 303 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), a cache, or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, and can be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical disc storage, a magneto-optical disc storage (including a compact disc, a laser disc, an optical disc, a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disc storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this. The memory can exist independently and be coupled to the processor 301 through the communication line 302. The memory 303 can also be integrated with the processor 301. The memory provided in the present application can generally have non-volatility.

[0162] The memory 303 is configured to store computer-executed instructions related to the schemes provided in the present application, and the processor 301 is configured to control the execution. The processor 301 is configured to execute the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory 303, so as to implement the method provided in the present application. Alternatively, in the present application, the processor 301 can also be configured to perform the processing-related functions in the method provided in the present application, and the communication interface 304 is responsible for communication with other devices or communication networks, which is not limited in the present application.

[0163] Alternatively, the computer-executed instructions in the present application can also be referred to as application program codes, which are not limited in the present application.

[0164] The coupling in the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information interaction between devices, units or modules.

[0165] As an embodiment, the processor 301 can include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 3.

[0166] As an example, the communication device 30 can include multiple processors, such as the processor 301 and the processor 307 in FIG. 3. Each of these processors can be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor. A processor here can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data, such as computer program instructions.

[0167] As an example, the communication device 30 can also include an output device 305 and / or an input device 306. The output device 305 is coupled to the processor 301 and can present information in a variety of forms. For example, the output device 305 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, a projector, or the like. The input device 306 is coupled to the processor 301 and can receive user input in a variety of forms. For example, the input device 306 can be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, a sensor device, or the like.

[0168] It can be appreciated that the constituent structure shown in FIG. 3 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device, and the communication device can include more or fewer components than those shown in FIG. 3, or combine certain components, or have different arrangements of components.

[0169] The method provided by the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each entity or network element in the following embodiments can have the components shown in FIG. 3, and thus no further description is provided.

[0170] It can be appreciated that, in the present application, the media function entity or the control function entity can perform some or all of the steps in the present application, and these steps are merely examples, and the present application can also perform other steps or variations of various steps. In addition, each step can be performed in a different order from that presented in the present application, and it is possible that not all steps in the present application are performed.

[0171] It can be understood that the media function entity and the control function entity are taken as examples of the execution subject of the interaction in the method provided in the present application, but the present application does not limit the execution subject of the interaction. For example, the media function entity in the method provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be a chip, a chip system or a processor supporting the media function entity to implement the method, and can also be a logical node, a logical module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the media function entity; the control function entity in the method provided in the present application can also be a chip, a chip system or a processor supporting the control function entity to implement the method, and can also be a logical node, a logical module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the control function entity.

[0172] As shown in FIG. 4, a communication method is provided in the present application. The communication method can be applied to a call process between a first terminal and a second terminal. For example, a process in which the first terminal calls the second terminal, or a process in which the second terminal calls the first terminal. Taking the IMS network 10 shown in FIG. 1A as an example, the first terminal is the terminal 1001, and the second terminal is the terminal 1002; taking the real-time communication network 12 shown in FIG. 1B as an example, the first terminal is the terminal 1201, and the second terminal is the terminal 1202; taking the hybrid network 14 shown in FIG. 1C as an example, the first terminal is the terminal 1401, and the second terminal is the terminal 1402. The communication method can include the following steps:

[0173] S401: The media function entity sends first information to the control function entity. Correspondingly, the control function entity receives the first information from the media function entity.

[0174] In the present application, the media function entity can be the media function entity 202 in the communication system 20 shown in FIG. 2, and the control function entity can be the control function entity 201 in the communication system 20 shown in FIG. 2. In the present application, the media function entity and the control function entity can be located in the same communication network as the first terminal; or the media function entity and the control function entity can be located in the same communication network as the second terminal. For example, the media function entity, the control function entity and the first terminal are located in a calling network; or the media function entity, the control function entity and the second terminal are located in a called network; or the media function entity, the control function entity and the first terminal are located in a called network; or the media function entity, the control function entity and the second terminal are located in a calling network.

[0175] In the present application, the first information can indicate that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, or the first information can indicate that the resource reservation is made for the first session. The first session is a session between the first terminal and the second terminal. The first session can be used to transmit the media stream between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the first session passes through the media function entity. In addition, the first information can be used to trigger the request of the resource reservation for the first session. In other words, after the control function entity receives the first information, the control function entity can trigger the request of the resource reservation for the first session.

[0176] In a possible design, in order to make the control function entity determine for which session to request the resource reservation, the first information can comprise a first identifier, and the first identifier can indicate the first session.

[0177] For example, in order to indicate the first session, the first identifier can be an identifier of the first session. Alternatively, the first identifier can be an identifier associated with the first session, for example, the first identifier is an identifier of a media context corresponding to the first session (media context ID). In the present application, in order to facilitate the description, the first identifier is taken as an example of the identifier of the media context corresponding to the first session, and a unified description is made hereinafter without further elaboration.

[0178] In the present application, the media context corresponding to the first session comprises the media information negotiated for the first session, for example, the media information proposed by the media function entity (for example, the SDP Offer 1 sent by the media function entity to another media function entity other than the media function entity), and / or the media information answered by another media function entity (for example, the SDP Answer 1 sent by another media function entity based on the SDP Offer 1), and / or the media information proposed by another media function entity (for example, the SDP Offer 2 sent by another media function entity to the media function entity), and / or the media information answered by the media function entity (for example, the SDP Answer 2 answered by the media function entity based on the SDP Offer 2). The media context corresponding to the first session can also comprise the first identifier.

[0179] Optionally, the first information further comprises at least one of the following: event information associated with the first information, third media information, or first media information. The event information is used to indicate the event associated with the first information, for example, the resource reservation event. For example, the event information comprises a field “MediaPrecondition” or “Precondition”.

[0180] The third media information is proposed media information when the media negotiation for the first session is performed. The first media information is media information negotiated by the media function entity for the first session, for example, the first media information is media information answered based on the third media information. The first media information can be used by the media function entity to send or receive media stream based on the first media information. For example, the third media information is all or part of the information in the SDP Offer 1, and the first media information is all or part of the information in the SDP Answer 1. For another example, the third media information is all or part of the information in the SDP Offer 2, and the first media information is all or part of the information in the SDP Answer 2.

[0181] It can be understood that the first information can not include the first media information or the third media information, and the media function entity can send the first media information or the third media information to the control function entity through other information, so that the control function entity requests the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session according to the first media information or the third media information.

[0182] Optionally, the event information associated with the first information and the first identifier can be carried in a header field or a body of the first information.

[0183] For example, the event information associated with the first information and the first identifier is carried in the header field of the first information, the content included in the first information can be as shown in Table 3. In Table 3, “Media-Context-ID” and “Event” are header fields of the first information, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@uac101.domain11.com” is the first identifier, “MediaPrecondition” indicates a resource reservation event, the information included in “SDP offer” is the third media information, and the content included in “SDP answer” is the first media information. “192.168.176.1” is an IP address of the media function entity sending the third media information, and “192.168.176.2” is an IP address of the media function entity sending the first media information.

[0184] Table 3

[0185] In a possible implementation, the media function entity sends the first information to the control function entity when the media negotiation for the first session is completed at the media function entity.

[0186] For example, after receiving or sending the first media information, the media function entity sends the first information to the control function entity according to the first media information. For example, if the first media information indicates that the media information negotiation of the first session is successful (e.g., the first media information includes the audio / video port information and the codec format information replied by the other media function entity), the first information indicates that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity. If the first media information indicates that the media information negotiation of the first session is successful, and the first terminal and the second terminal support the resource reservation function (e.g., the first media information includes the attribute line "a=des:qos mandatory local sendrecv" and the attribute line "a=des:qos mandatory remote sendrecv"), the first information indicates that the resource is reserved for the first session.

[0187] In a possible implementation, the control function entity sends the second information to the media function entity. Correspondingly, the media function entity receives the second information from the control function entity. Subsequently, the media function entity sends the first information to the control function entity according to the second information.

[0188] In this application, in the case where the first information indicates that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, the second information is used to subscribe to the media negotiation state of the first session. For example, the second information is the MediaStatusSubscribe information / request, and the first information is the MediaStatusNotify information / response. In the case where the first information indicates that the resource is reserved for the first session, the second information is used to subscribe to the resource reservation state of the first session. For example, the second information is the SessionEventSubscribe information / request, and the first information is the SessionEventNotify information / response. That is, the media function entity can send the first information to the control function entity in the case where the control function entity subscribes to the corresponding information.

[0189] It should be understood that, in a specific application, the control function entity can also not send the second information to the media function entity, and the media function entity sends the first information to the control function entity according to the protocol or the agreement between the control function entity and the media function entity.

[0190] In a possible design, in order to enable the media function entity to identify which session the second information is for, the second information can include the first identifier.

[0191] Optionally, the second information further includes at least one of the following: event information associated with the second information or address information of the control function entity.

[0192] In the present application, the event information is used to indicate the event associated with the second information, such as the resource reservation event. For example, the event information includes the field "MediaPrecondition" or "Precondition".

[0193] In the present application, the address information of the control function entity includes the IP address of the control function entity. Optionally, the address information of the control function entity further includes the port identification or port number corresponding to the IP address. For example, the address information of the control function entity includes: 192.168.176.4:5060. Wherein, "192.168.176.4" is the IP address of the control function entity, and "5060" is the port number corresponding to the IP address. Alternatively, the address information of the control function entity includes the host name or domain name of the control function entity. Optionally, the address information of the control function entity further includes the port identification or port number corresponding to the host name or domain name. For example, the address information of the control function entity includes: uas.domain11.com:5060. Wherein, "uas.domain11.com" is the host name of the control function entity, and "5060" is the port number corresponding to the host name.

[0194] Optionally, the first identification, the event information associated with the first information and the address information of the control function entity can be carried in the header field or the message body of the second information.

[0195] For example, the content included in the second information can be as shown in Table 4. Wherein, "Media-Context-ID", "Media-Conn-Info" and "Event" are the header fields of the second information, "eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@uac101.domain11.com" is the first identification, "192.168.176.4:6060" is the address information of the control function entity, and "MediaPrecondition" indicates the resource reservation event.

[0196] Table 4

[0197] S402: The control function entity sends a first request to the policy control entity according to the first information. Correspondingly, the policy control entity receives the first request from the control function entity.

[0198] In the present application, the policy control entity can be the policy control entity 203 in the communication system 20 shown in Figure 2. The first request is used to request to reserve resources for the first session.

[0199] In a possible implementation, if the first information indicates that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, the control function entity sends a first request to the policy control entity after determining that the first terminal and the second terminal support the resource reservation function (e.g., the first media information includes the attribute line "a=des:qos mandatory local sendrecv" and the attribute line "a=des:qos mandatory remote sendrecv"). If the first information indicates that the resource is reserved for the first session, the control function entity can directly send the first request to the policy control entity.

[0200] In a possible design, the first request carries second media information. The second media information is determined according to at least one of the first media information or the third media information. For example, the second media information includes all or part of the information in the first media information, and / or all or part of the information in the third media information. For example, the second media information includes the IP address information in the first media information, and / or the port information in the first media information, and / or the information about the media type (e.g., audio media or video media) in the first media information, and / or the bandwidth information (e.g., the maximum bandwidth and / or the minimum bandwidth negotiated) in the first media information, and / or the IP address information in the second media information, and / or the port information in the second media information.

[0201] It can be understood that, after receiving the first request, the policy control entity can trigger the establishment of a bearer for the first terminal or the second terminal according to the first request. For example, if the control function entity is located in the same communication network as the first terminal, such as the calling network or the called network, the policy control entity triggers the establishment of a dedicated bearer for the first terminal with the access network and / or a dedicated bearer for the first terminal with the core network according to the first request. Subsequently, the first terminal can send or receive a media stream through the dedicated bearer during a call with the second terminal. If the control function entity is located in the same communication network as the second terminal, such as the calling network or the called network, the policy control entity triggers the establishment of a dedicated bearer for the second terminal with the access network and / or a dedicated bearer for the second terminal with the core network according to the first request. Subsequently, the second terminal can send or receive a media stream through the dedicated bearer during a call with the first terminal.

[0202] Optionally, the policy control entity sends a response to the first request to the control function entity, and correspondingly, the control function entity receives the response to the first request from the policy function entity. The response to the first request indicates whether the resource reservation for the first session is completed. Optionally, the response to the first request can also indicate the radio access technology used by the first terminal or the second terminal, such as 5G or 4G, and the like.

[0203] For example, the first request is an authentication / authorization request (AAR), and the response to the first request is an authentication / authorization answer (AAA). Alternatively, the first request is a policy authorization (e.g., PolicyAuthorization_Create) request, and the response to the first request is a policy authorization response. Of course, the first request and the response to the first request can also be other messages, without any limitation.

[0204] Based on the method shown in FIG. 4, after completing media negotiation, the media function entity can send first information to the control function entity to indicate that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, or to indicate that resources are reserved for the first session, so as to trigger the control function entity to request the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session, thereby improving the call success rate of the first session.

[0205] It can be understood that the actions of the media function entity or the control function entity in the above steps can be performed by the processor 301 in the communication apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 3 invoking the application program code stored in the memory 303, and the present application does not make any limitation in this regard.

[0206] In order to better understand the communication method provided by the present application, the communication method provided by the present application will be introduced below in combination with the IMS network 10 shown in FIG. 1A and the real-time communication network 12 shown in FIG. 1B respectively.

[0207] First, the method provided by the present application will be introduced taking the IMS network 10 shown in FIG. 1A as an example.

[0208] As shown in FIG. 5, another communication method provided by the present application can be applied to the call process between the terminal 1001 and the terminal 1002. The communication method can include the following steps:

[0209] S501: The terminal 1001 sends a first invitation request to the P-CSCF network element 1005. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1005 receives the first invitation request from the terminal 1001.

[0210] In one possible implementation, when the terminal 1001 determines to initiate a voice call or a video call to the terminal 1002, the terminal 1001 can initiate a session establishment process to establish a first session. For example, the terminal 1001 sends a first invitation request to the P-CSCF network element 1005 to trigger the session establishment process.

[0211] The first session is a session between the terminal 1001 and the terminal 1002, and is used to transmit a media stream between the terminal 1001 and the terminal 1002. The terminal 1001 and the terminal 1002 can be understood as end points of the first session. In addition to the terminal 1001 and the terminal 1002, the first session also passes through the IMS-AGW 1006 and the IMS-AGW 1010. For other descriptions of the first session, reference can be made to the description of the first session in the method shown in FIG. 4.

[0212] The first invitation request does not carry an SDP Offer. The first invitation request can carry address information of the terminal 1001 and a number of the terminal 1002. For example, the address information of the terminal 1001 includes an IP address of the terminal 1001. Optionally, the address information of the terminal 1001 also includes a port identifier or a port number corresponding to the IP address. For another example, the address information of the terminal 1001 includes a host name or a domain name of the terminal 1001. Optionally, the address information of the terminal 1001 also includes a port identifier or a port number corresponding to the host name or the domain name. Optionally, the first invitation request also carries the first identifier. For descriptions of the first identifier, reference can be made to the description of the first identifier in the method shown in FIG. 4, which will not be described herein.

[0213] Optionally, the address information of the terminal 1001 and the first identifier are carried in a header field or a message body of the first invitation request. For example, the first invitation request can include the content shown in Table 5. In Table 5, “Media-Conn-Info” and “Media-Context-ID” are header fields of the first invitation request, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com” is the first identifier, and “192.168.176.1:5060” is the address information of the terminal 1001. “192.168.176.1:5060” can also be replaced by “ue1001.domain11.com:5060”.

[0214] Table 5

[0215] S502: The P-CSCF network element 1005 sends a first session creation request (SessionCreateRequest) to the IMS-AGW 1006. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the first session creation request from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0216] The first session creation request is used to request to create a session. The first session creation request does not carry an SDP Offer. The first session creation request carries the address information of the terminal 1001. Optionally, the first session creation request also carries the first identity. For example, the header field or the message body of the first session creation request carries the address information of the terminal 1001 and the first identity. It should be understood that if the first identity is not carried in the first invitation request, the P-CSCF network element 1005 can generate the first identity and carry it in the first session creation request.

[0217] For example, the first session creation request includes the contents as shown in Table 6. Wherein, “Media-Conn-Info” and “Media-Context-ID” are the header fields of the first session creation request, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com” is the first identity, and “192.168.176.1:5060” is the address information of the terminal 1001. “192.168.176.1:5060” can also be replaced by “ue1001.domain11.com:5060”.

[0218] Table 6

[0219] S503: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends a first session creation response (SessionCreateResponse) to the P-CSCF network element 1005. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1005 receives the first session creation response from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0220] In one possible implementation, after receiving the first session creation request, the IMS-AGW 1006 saves the first session creation request and allocates the address information of the IMS-AGW 1006. For example, the IMS-AGW 1006 allocates first address information and second address information. Wherein, the first address information is used to connect the IMS-AGW 1006 to the terminal 1001, and the second address information is used to connect the IMS-AGW 1006 to the IMS-AGW 1010. The first address information and the second address information include similar contents to the address information of the terminal 1001, and the description of the address information of the terminal 1001 can be referred to.

[0221] One possible design is that the first session creation response does not carry the SDP Answer. The first session creation response carries the first address information and the second address information. Optionally, the first session creation response also carries the first identity. For example, the first address information, the second address information and the first identity are carried in a header field or a message body of the first session creation response. It should be appreciated that if the first identity is not carried in the first session creation request, the IMS-AGW 1006 can generate the first identity and carry it in the first session creation response.

[0222] For example, the first session creation response includes the following information as shown in Table 7. In Table 7, "Media-Conn-Info" and "Media-Context-ID" are header fields of the first session creation response, "eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com" is the first identity, "192.168.176.2:5060" is the first address information, and "192.168.176.3:5061" is the second address information. "192.168.176.2:5060" can also be replaced by "agw1006.domain11.com:5060", and "192.168.176.3:5061" can also be replaced by "agw1006.domain11.com:5061".

[0223] Table 7

[0224] It should be appreciated that, in order to enable the P-CSCF network element 1005 to identify which device is connected by the first address information and the second address information, the positions of the first address information and the second address information in Table 7 are agreed in advance or specified in a protocol. For example, the protocol specifies that the address information in the front of the two address information is used to connect the IMS-AGW 1006 to the terminal 1001, and the address information in the back is used to connect the IMS-AGW 1006 to the IMS-AGW 1010. Of course, in a specific application, the P-CSCF network element 1005 can also identify which device is connected by the first address information and the second address information through other manners. For example, the first address information and the second address information can be carried in different header fields, such as the first address information is carried in the header field "Media-Conn-Outer", and the second address information is carried in the header field "Media-Conn-Inner". Or, the first address information and the second address information correspond to different number segments. Or, the first session creation request and the first session creation response also carry the identity of each address information.

[0225] S504: The P-CSCF network element 1005 sends a second INVITE request to the P-CSCF network element 1009. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1009 receives the second INVITE request from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0226] In a possible implementation, the second INVITE request sent by the P-CSCF network element 1005 can be routed to the P-CSCF network element 1009 through the I / S-CSCF network element 1004, the MMTEL AS 1003, the I / S-CSCF network element 1004, the I / S-CSCF network element 1008, the MMTEL AS 1007, and the I / S-CSCF network element 1008 in sequence.

[0227] The second INVITE request does not carry an SDP Offer. The second INVITE request can carry the second address information. Optionally, the second INVITE request further carries the first identifier. For example, the second INVITE request carries the second address information and the first identifier in a header field or a message body of the second INVITE request.

[0228] For example, the second INVITE request includes the contents shown in Table 8. In Table 8, “Media-Conn-Info” and “Media-Context-ID” are header fields of the second INVITE request, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com” is the first identifier, and “192.168.176.3:5061” is the second address information. “192.168.176.3:5061” can also be replaced with “agw1006.domain11.com:5061”.

[0229] Table 8

[0230] S505: The P-CSCF network element 1009 sends a second session creation request to the IMS-AGW 1010. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the second session creation request from the P-CSCF network element 1009.

[0231] The second session creation request is used to request to create a session. The second session creation request does not carry an SDP Offer. The second session creation request carries the second address information. Optionally, the second session creation request further carries the first identifier. For example, the second session creation request carries the second address information and the first identifier in a header field or a message body of the second session creation request. It should be understood that if the first identifier is not carried in the second INVITE request, the P-CSCF network element 1009 can generate the first identifier and carry the first identifier in the second session creation request.

[0232] Exemplarily, the content included in the second session creating request can be as shown in Table 9. Wherein, "Media-Conn-Info" and "Media-Context-ID" are header fields of the second session creating request, "edgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com" is the first identity, and "192.168.176.3:5061" is the second address information. "192.168.176.3:5061" can also be replaced by "agw1006.domain11.com:5061".

[0233] Table 9

[0234] S506: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a second session creating response to the P-CSCF network element 1009. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1009 receives the second session creating response from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0235] In a possible implementation, after receiving the second session creating request, the IMS-AGW 1010 saves the second session creating request and allocates address information of the IMS-AGW 1010. For example, the IMS-AGW 1010 allocates third address information and fourth address information. Wherein, the third address information is used to connect the IMS-AGW 1010 to the IMS-AGW 1006, and the fourth address information is used to connect the IMS-AGW 1010 to the terminal 1002. The third address information and the fourth address information include similar content to the content included in the address information of the terminal 1001, and reference can be made to the foregoing introduction of the address information of the terminal 1001, and details are not described herein again.

[0236] In a possible design, the second session creating response does not carry an SDP Answer. The second session creating response carries the third address information and the fourth address information. Optionally, the second session creating response also carries the first identity. For example, the third address information, the fourth address information and the first identity are carried in a header field or a message body of the second session creating response. It should be understood that if the first identity is not carried in the second session creating request, the IMS-AGW 1010 can generate the first identity and carry it in the second session creating response.

[0237] Exemplarily, the content included in the second session creation response can be as shown in Table 10. Wherein, "Media-Conn-Info" and "Media-Context-ID" are the header fields of the second session creation response, "edgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com" is the first identifier, "192.168.176.4:5060" is the third address information, and "192.168.176.5:5061" is the fourth address information. "192.168.176.4:5060" can also be replaced by "agw1010.domain11.com:5060", and "192.168.176.5:5061" can also be replaced by "agw1010.domain11.com:5061".

[0238] Table 10

[0239] It can be understood that, in order to enable the P-CSCF network element 1009 to identify which device the third address information and the fourth address information are connected to respectively, the positions of the third address information and the fourth address information in Table 10 are agreed in advance or specified in a protocol. In addition, in a specific application, the P-CSCF network element 1009 can also identify which device the third address information and the fourth address information are connected to respectively by other manners. For example, the third address information and the fourth address information can be carried in different header fields, such as the fourth address information is carried in the header field "Media-Conn-Outer" and the third address information is carried in the header field "Media-Conn-Inner". Or, the third address information and the fourth address information correspond to different number segments. Or, the second session creation request and the second session creation response also carry the identifiers of each address information.

[0240] S507: The P-CSCF network element 1009 sends a third invitation request to the terminal 1002. Correspondingly, the terminal 1002 receives the third invitation request from the P-CSCF network element 1009.

[0241] Wherein, the third invitation request does not carry the SDP Offer. The third invitation request can carry the fourth address information. Optionally, the third invitation request also carries the first identifier. For example, the third invitation request carries the fourth address information and the first identifier in the header field or the message body of the third invitation request.

[0242] For example, the content included in the third INVITE request can be as shown in Table 11. Among them, "Media-Conn-Info" and "Media-Context-ID" are the header fields of the third INVITE request, "edgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com" is the first identifier, and "192.168.176.5:5061" is the fourth address information. "192.168.176.5:5061" can also be replaced by "agw1010.domain11.com:5061".

[0243] Table 11

[0244] S508: The terminal 1002 sends a response (such as a 183 message) of the third INVITE request to the P-CSCF network element 1009. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1009 receives the response of the third INVITE request from the terminal 1002.

[0245] Among them, the response of the third INVITE request does not carry the SDP Answer. The response of the third INVITE request carries the address information of the terminal 1002. The content included in the address information of the terminal 1002 is similar to the content included in the address information of the terminal 1001, and reference can be made to the foregoing description of the address information of the terminal 1001, which will not be described herein again.

[0246] Optionally, the response of the third INVITE request also carries the first identifier. For example, the address information of the terminal 1002 and the first identifier are carried in the header field or the message body of the response of the third INVITE request. It should be understood that if the first identifier is not carried in the third INVITE request, the terminal 1002 can generate the first identifier and carry it in the response of the third INVITE request.

[0247] For example, the content included in the response of the third INVITE request can be as shown in Table 12. Among them, "Media-Conn-Info" and "Media-Context-ID" are the header fields of the response of the third INVITE request, "edgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com" is the first identifier, and "192.168.176.6:5060" is the address information of the terminal 1002. "192.168.176.6:5060" can also be replaced by "ue1002.domain11.com:5060".

[0248] Table 12

[0249] S509: The P-CSCF network element 1009 sends a first session update request (SessionUpdateRequest) to the IMS-AGW 1010. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the first session update request from the P-CSCF network element 1009.

[0250] The first session update request carries the address information of the terminal 1002. Optionally, the first session update request also carries the first identifier. For example, the first session update request carries the address information of the terminal 1002 and the first identifier in a header field or a message body of the first session update request.

[0251] For example, the first session update request includes the contents shown in Table 13. In Table 13, “Media-Conn-Info” and “Media-Context-ID” are header fields of the first session update request, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com” is the first identifier, and “192.168.176.6:5060” is the address information of the terminal 1002. “192.168.176.6:5060” can also be replaced with “ue1002.domain11.com:5060”.

[0252] Table 13

[0253] It can be understood that, after receiving the first session update request, the IMS-AGW 1010 can save the request. Optionally, the IMS-AGW 1010 can also send a first session update response (SessionUpdateResponse) to the P-CSCF network element 1009 to indicate whether the first session update request is successfully received.

[0254] S510: The P-CSCF network element 1009 sends a response (such as a 183 message) of the second invitation request to the P-CSCF network element 1005. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1005 receives the response of the second invitation request from the P-CSCF network element 1009.

[0255] In a possible implementation, the response of the second invitation request sent by the P-CSCF network element 1009 can be routed to the P-CSCF network element 1005 through the I / S-CSCF network element 1008, the MMTEL AS 1007, the I / S-CSCF network element 1008, the I / S-CSCF network element 1004, the MMTEL AS 1003, and the I / S-CSCF network element 1004 in sequence.

[0256] The response of the second invitation request does not carry the SDP Answer. The response of the second invitation request carries the third address information. Optionally, the response of the second invitation request further carries the first identity. For example, the third address information and the first identity are carried in a header field or a message body of the response of the second invitation request.

[0257] For example, the response of the second invitation request includes the contents as shown in Table 14. In Table 14, "Media-Conn-Info" and "Media-Context-ID" are header fields of the response of the second invitation request, "edgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com" is the first identity, and "192.168.176.4:5060" is the third address information. "192.168.176.4:5060" can also be replaced by "agw1010.domain11.com:5060".

[0258] Table 14

[0259] It can be understood that the application does not limit the execution order of S509 and S510. For example, S509 can be executed first and then S510, or S510 can be executed first and then S509, or S509 and S510 can be executed simultaneously.

[0260] S511: The P-CSCF network element 1005 sends a second session update request to the IMS-AGW 1006. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the second session update request from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0261] The second session update request carries the third address information. Optionally, the second session update request further carries the first identity. For example, the second session update request carries the third address information and the first identity in a header field or a message body of the second session update request.

[0262] For example, the second session update request includes the contents as shown in Table 15. In Table 15, "Media-Conn-Info" and "Media-Context-ID" are header fields of the second session update request, "edgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com" is the first identity, and "192.168.176.4:5060" is the third address information. "192.168.176.4:5060" can also be replaced by "agw1010.domain11.com:5060".

[0263] Table 15

[0264] It can be understood that the IMS-AGW 1006 can save the second session update request after receiving the second session update request. Optionally, the IMS-AGW 1006 can also send a second session update response to the P-CSCF network element 1005 to indicate whether the second session update request is successfully received.

[0265] S512: The P-CSCF network element 1005 sends a response (such as a 183 message) of the first invitation request to the terminal 1001. Correspondingly, the terminal 1001 receives the response of the first invitation request from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0266] The response of the first invitation request does not carry an SDP Answer. The response of the first invitation request carries the first address information. Optionally, the response of the first invitation request also carries the first identifier. For example, the first address information and the first identifier are carried in a header field or a message body of the response of the first invitation request.

[0267] For example, the response of the first invitation request includes the contents shown in Table 16. Wherein, “Media-Conn-Info” and “Media-Context-ID” are header fields of the response of the first invitation request, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com” is the first identifier, and “192.168.176.2:5060” is the first address information. “192.168.176.2:5060” can also be replaced by “agw1006.domain11.com:5060”.

[0268] Table 16

[0269] It can be understood that the present application does not limit the execution order of S511 and S512. For example, S511 can be executed first and then S512, or S512 can be executed first and then S511, or S511 and S512 can be executed simultaneously.

[0270] So far, the session creation procedure between the terminal 1001, the P-CSCF network element 1005, the P-CSCF network element 1009 and the terminal 1002 is completed. In the above procedure, the terminal 1001 obtains the address information of the IMS-AGW 1006, such as the first address information. The IMS-AGW 1006 obtains the address information of the terminal 1001 and the address information of the IMS-AGW 1010, such as the third address information. The IMS-AGW 1010 obtains the address information of the terminal 1002 and the address information of the IMS-AGW 1006, such as the second address information. The terminal 1002 obtains the address information of the IMS-AGW 1010, such as the fourth address information. Subsequently, the terminal 1001, the IMS-AGW 1006, the IMS-AGW 1010 and the terminal 1002 can perform media negotiation based on the address information obtained by each of them, which will be described in detail below.

[0271] S513: The P-CSCF network element 1009 sends the second information to the IMS-AGW 1010. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the second information from the P-CSCF network element 1009.

[0272] Optionally, the IMS-AGW 1010 can send the third information to the P-CSCF network element 1009 to indicate whether the subscription is successful.

[0273] S514: The P-CSCF network element 1005 sends the second information to the IMS-AGW 1006. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the second information from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0274] Exemplarily, the second information in S513 and S514 can be as shown in Table 17.

[0275] Table 17

[0276] Optionally, the IMS-AGW 1006 can send the third information to the P-CSCF network element 1005 to indicate whether the subscription is successful.

[0277] It can be understood that other descriptions of the second information in S513 and S514 can refer to the description of the second information in the method shown in FIG. 4. In addition, FIG. 5 is drawn in the case that S513 and S514 are executed after S512, but in a specific application, the P-CSCF network element 1009 and the P-CSCF network element 1005 can send the second information to subscribe to the related information as soon as they perceive the first session establishment. For example, S513 is executed after S508 and before S521, and S514 is executed after S510 and before S522.

[0278] S515: The terminal 1001 sends a media negotiation request (MediaNegotiationRequest) 1 to the IMS-AGW 1006 according to the first address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the media negotiation request 1 from the terminal 1001.

[0279] A possible implementation is that if the first address information includes the IP address of the IMS-AGW 1006, the terminal 1001 can directly send the media negotiation request 1 to the IMS-AGW 1006. If the first address information includes the hostname or domain name of the IMS-AGW 1006, the terminal 1001 can query the IP address of the IMS-AGW 1006 based on the first address information, and send the media negotiation request 1 to the IMS-AGW 1006 according to the IP address of the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0280] The media negotiation request 1 carries the first identifier and the media information proposed by the terminal 1001. The media information proposed by the terminal 1001 can include the capability information of the terminal 1001 for sending and receiving media (such as the information of the codec supported by the terminal 1001, and the information of whether the terminal 1001 supports resource reservation), and the address information of sending and receiving media. The media information proposed by the terminal 1001 is, for example, the first SDP Offer. The media negotiation request 1 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket or webtransport transmission.

[0281] For example, the media negotiation request 1 is used to negotiate audio media information, and the media negotiation request 1 is a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, websocket or webtransport transmission. The content included in the media negotiation request 1 can be as shown in Table 18. The first identifier is “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com”, and the information included in “SDP” is the first SDP Offer. “a=des:qos mandatory local sendrecv” indicates that the terminal 1001 supports resource reservation.

[0282] Table 18

[0283] S516: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends a media negotiation request 2 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the third address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the media negotiation request 2 from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0284] In one possible implementation, after receiving the media negotiation request 1, the IMS-AGW 1006 can match to the first session according to the first identifier, and send the media negotiation request 2 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the third address information.

[0285] It can be understood that if the third address information includes the IP address of the IMS-AGW 1010, the IMS-AGW 1006 can directly send the media negotiation request 2 to the IMS-AGW 1010. If the third address information includes the hostname or domain name of the IMS-AGW 1010, the IMS-AGW 1006 can query the IP address of the IMS-AGW 1010 based on the third address information, and send the media negotiation request 2 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the IP address of the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0286] The media negotiation request 2 carries the first identifier and the media information proposed by the IMS-AGW 1006, for example, the second SDP Offer. The media negotiation request 2 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket or webtransport transmission. The second SDP Offer is determined according to the first SDP Offer, for example, the IMS-AGW 1006 can modify the IP address information and the port information in the first SDP Offer to the IP address information and the port information allocated by the IMS-AGW 1006, but the IMS-AGW 1006 does not modify the attribute lines related to resource reservation, such as the “cuur” and “des” attribute lines.

[0287] For example, if the media negotiation request 2 is a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, websocket or webtransport transmission, the content included in the media negotiation request 2 can be as shown in Table 19. The first identifier is “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com”, and the information included in the “SDP” is the second SDP Offer. The IMS-AGW 1006 modifies the IP address “192.168.176.1” in the first SDP Offer to “192.168.176.3”, and modifies the audio media port “19024” in the first SDP Offer to “19028”.

[0288] Table 19

[0289] S517: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a media negotiation request 3 to the terminal 1002 according to the address information of the terminal 1002. Correspondingly, the terminal 1002 receives the media negotiation request 3 from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0290] In one possible implementation, after receiving the media negotiation request 1, the IMS-AGW 1006 can match to the first session according to the first identifier, and send a media negotiation request 3 to the terminal 1002 according to the address information of the terminal 1002.

[0291] It can be understood that if the address information of the terminal 1002 includes the IP address of the terminal 1002, the IMS-AGW 1010 can directly send the media negotiation request 3 to the terminal 1002. If the address information of the terminal 1002 includes the hostname or domain name of the terminal 1002, the IMS-AGW 1010 can query the IP address of the terminal 1002 based on the address information of the terminal 1002, and send the media negotiation request 3 to the terminal 1002 according to the IP address of the terminal 1002.

[0292] The media negotiation request 3 carries the first identifier and the media information proposed by the IMS-AGW 1010, for example, a third SDP offer. The media negotiation request 3 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket or webtransport transmission. The third SDP offer is determined according to the second SDP offer, for example, the IMS-AGW 1010 can modify the IP address information and the port information in the second SDP offer to the IP address information and the port information allocated by the IMS-AGW 1010, but the IMS-AGW 1010 does not modify the attribute line related to resource reservation.

[0293] For example, if the media negotiation request 3 is a real-time communication protocol based on UDP, QUIC, websocket or webtransport transmission, the content included in the media negotiation request 3 can be as shown in Table 20. The first identifier is "eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com", and the information included in "SDP" is the third SDP offer. The IMS-AGW 1010 modifies the IP address "192.168.176.3" in the second SDP offer to "192.168.176.5", and modifies the audio media port "19028" in the second SDP offer to "19032".

[0294] Table 20

[0295] S518: The terminal 1002 sends a media negotiation response 3 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the fourth address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the media negotiation response 3 from the terminal 1002.

[0296] In one possible implementation, after receiving the media negotiation request 3, the terminal 1002 determines the media negotiation result and sends the media negotiation response 3 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the fourth address information. The media negotiation result is carried in the media negotiation response 3. For example, the media negotiation response 3 carries the media information answered by the terminal 1002, such as the third SDP Answer. The media negotiation response 3 can be a SIP message or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket, webtransport or the like. Optionally, the media negotiation response 3 also carries the first identifier.

[0297] For example, taking the case that the media negotiation response 3 is a real-time communication protocol based on UDP, QUIC, websocket or webtransport as an example, the content included in the media negotiation response 3 can be as shown in Table 21. Among them, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com” is the first identifier, the information included in “SDP” is the third SDP Answer. “192.168.176.6” is the IP address of the terminal 1002, and “19036” is the audio media port provided by the terminal 1002. The attribute line “a=des:qos mandatory remote sendrecv” indicates that the terminal 1002 supports resource reservation.

[0298] Table 21

[0299] S519: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a media negotiation response 2 to the IMS-AGW 1006 according to the second address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the media negotiation response 2 from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0300] The media negotiation response 2 carries the media information of the IMS-AGW 1010 response, such as the second SDP Answer. The media negotiation response 2 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket, webtransport, or the like transmission. Optionally, the media negotiation response 2 also carries the first identifier.

[0301] For example, when the media negotiation response 2 is a real-time communication protocol based on UDP, QUIC, websocket, or webtransport transmission, the content included in the media negotiation response 2 can be as shown in Table 22. Among them, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com” is the first identifier, and the information included in “SDP” is the second SDP Answer. The IMS-AGW 1010 modifies the IP address “192.168.176.6” in the third SDP Answer to “192.168.176.4”, and modifies the audio media port “19036” in the third SDP Answer to “19040”.

[0302] Table 22

[0303] S520: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends the media negotiation response 1 to the terminal 1001 according to the address information of the terminal 1001. Correspondingly, the terminal 1001 receives the media negotiation response 1 from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0304] The media negotiation response 1 carries the media information of the IMS-AGW 1006 response, such as the first SDP Answer. The media negotiation response 1 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket, webtransport, or the like transmission. Optionally, the media negotiation response 1 also carries the first identifier.

[0305] Exemplarily, taking the real-time communication protocol based on UDP, QUIC, websocket or webtransport transmission as an example, the content included in the media negotiation response 1 can be as shown in Table 23. Wherein, the first identifier is eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com, and the information included in the SDP is the first SDP Answer. The IMS-AGW 1006 modifies the IP address “192.168.176.4” in the second SDP Answer to “192.168.176.2”, and modifies the audio media port “19040” in the second SDP Answer to “19044”.

[0306] Table 23

[0307] Up to now, the media negotiation between the terminal 1001, the IMS-AGW 1006, the IMS-AGW 1010 and the terminal 1002 is completed.

[0308] S521: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends the first information to the P-CSCF network element 1009. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1009 receives the first information from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0309] In a possible implementation, the IMS-AGW 1010 determines that the media negotiation of the first session is completed or that resource reservation is needed for the first session according to the media negotiation response 3, and sends the first information to the P-CSCF network element 1009. The first information can indicate that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the IMS-AGW 1010, or indicate that resources are reserved for the first session.

[0310] Exemplarily, in S521, the first information can include the first identifier, the event information associated with the first information, all or part of the information in the third SDP Offer (corresponding to the SDP Offer 1 in the method shown in FIG. 4), and all or part of the information in the third SDP Answer (corresponding to the SDP Answer 1 in the method shown in FIG. 4). For example, the content included in the first information can be as shown in Table 24. Wherein, the first identifier is eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com, the event information associated with the first information is MediaPrecondition, the content included in the SDP offer is from the third SDP Offer described above, and the content included in the SDP answer is from the third SDP Answer described above.

[0311] Table 24

[0312] S522: The P-CSCF network element 1009 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1012 based on the first information. Correspondingly, the PCF / PCRF network element 1012 receives the first request from the P-CSCF network element 1009.

[0313] For example, in S522, the first request can carry all or part of the information (such as IP address and port number) in the third SDP Offer, and all or part of the information (such as IP address, port number, media type information or bandwidth information, etc.) in the third SDP Answer.

[0314] It can be understood that after receiving the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1012 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1002. The bearer can be a dedicated bearer of the terminal 1002. The terminal 1002 can send or receive media streams through the dedicated bearer in the subsequent call process.

[0315] Optionally, the PCF / PCRF network element 1012 sends a response to the first request to the P-CSCF network element 1009 to indicate whether the resource reservation of the first session is completed.

[0316] S523: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends the first information to the P-CSCF network element 1005. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1005 receives the first information from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0317] In one possible implementation, the IMS-AGW 1006 determines that the media negotiation of the first session is completed or that the resource reservation of the first session is needed according to the media negotiation response 2, and sends the first information to the P-CSCF network element 1005. The first information can indicate that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the IMS-AGW 1006, or indicate that the resource reservation of the first session is needed.

[0318] Exemplarily, in S523, the first information can include all or part of information in the first identification, the event information associated with the first information, the first SDP Offer (corresponding to the SDP Offer 2 in the method shown in FIG. 4), and the first SDP Answer (corresponding to the SDP Answer 2 in the method shown in FIG. 4). For example, the content included in the first information can be as shown in Table 25. Wherein, eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1001.domain11.com is the first identification, “MediaPrecondition” is the event information associated with the first information, “SDP offer” includes the content from the first SDP Offer, and “SDP answer” includes the content from the first SDP Answer.

[0319] Table 25

[0320] S524: The P-CSCF network element 1005 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1011 based on the first information. Correspondingly, the PCF / PCRF network element 1011 receives the first request from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0321] Exemplarily, in S524, the first request can carry all or part of information (such as IP address and port number) in the first SDP Offer, and all or part of information (such as IP address, port number, media type information or bandwidth information, etc.) in the first SDP Answer.

[0322] It can be understood that after receiving the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1011 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1001. The bearer can be a dedicated bearer of the terminal 1001. The terminal 1001 can send or receive media streams through the dedicated bearer in the subsequent call process.

[0323] Optionally, the PCF / PCRF network element 1011 sends a response to the first request to the P-CSCF network element 1005 to indicate whether the resource reservation of the first session is completed.

[0324] It can be understood that the specific processes of S521-S522 and S523-S524 are similar to the processes of S401-S402 in the method shown in FIG. 4, and the corresponding description in S401-S402 can be referred to. In addition, FIG. 5 is drawn in such a way that S521-S522 and S523-S524 are executed after S520, but in a specific application, the IMS-AGW 1010 and the IMS-AGW 1006 can send the first information to trigger the resource reservation as soon as they perceive that the media negotiation is completed. For example, S521-S522 can be executed after S518, and S523-S524 can be executed after S519.

[0325] S525: The terminal 1001 sends a media negotiation request 4 to the IMS-AGW 1006 according to the first address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the media negotiation request 4 from the terminal 1001.

[0326] In a possible implementation, the terminal 1001 identifies that the bearer establishment between the terminal 1001 and the access network and the core network is successful, and then sends the media negotiation request 4 to the IMS-AGW 1006 according to the first address information to update the resource reservation state of the terminal 1001.

[0327] For example, the content included in the media negotiation request 4 can be as shown in Table 26. The attribute line "a=curr:qos local sendrecv" indicates that the resource reservation of the terminal 1001 has been completed.

[0328] Table 26

[0329] S526: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends a media negotiation request 5 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the third address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the media negotiation request 5 from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0330] For example, the content included in the media negotiation request 5 can be as shown in Table 27.

[0331] Table 27

[0332] S527: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a media negotiation request 6 to the terminal 1002 according to the address information of the terminal 1002. Correspondingly, the terminal 1002 receives the media negotiation request 6 from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0333] For example, the content included in the media negotiation request can be as shown in Table 28.

[0334] Table 28

[0335] S528: The terminal 1002 sends a media negotiation response 6 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the fourth address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the media negotiation response 6 from the terminal 1002.

[0336] In a possible implementation, the terminal 1002 identifies that the terminal 1002 and the access network and the core network have successfully established a bearer, and then sends the media negotiation response 6 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the fourth address information to update the resource reservation state of the terminal 1002.

[0337] For example, the media negotiation response 6 includes the content shown in Table 29. The attribute line "a=curr:qos remote sendrecv" indicates that the resource reservation of the terminal 1002 has been completed.

[0338] Table 29

[0339] S529: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a media negotiation response 5 to the IMS-AGW 1006 according to the second address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the media negotiation response 5 from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0340] For example, the media negotiation response 5 includes the content shown in Table 30.

[0341] Table 30

[0342] S530: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends a media negotiation response 4 to the terminal 1001 according to the address information of the terminal 1001. Correspondingly, the terminal 1001 receives the media negotiation response 4 from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0343] For example, the media negotiation response 4 includes the content shown in Table 31.

[0344] Table 31

[0345] S531: The terminal 1001, the IMS-AGW 1006, the IMS-AGW 1010, and the terminal 1002 transmit media streams based on the media negotiation result.

[0346] In a possible implementation, after the terminal 1002 rings and answers, the user of the terminal 1001 and the user of the terminal 1002 perform voice communication or video communication, and the terminal 1001, the IMS-AGW 1006, the IMS-AGW 1010, and the terminal 1002 transmit media streams based on the media negotiation result.

[0347] Based on the method shown in FIG. 5, the terminal 1001, the P-CSCF network element 1005, the P-CSCF network element 1009 and the terminal 1002 can create the first session, and in the process of creating the first session, no media negotiation is performed, but the address information required for performing the media negotiation is carried to each device. Subsequently, the terminal 1001, the IMS-AGW 1006, the IMS-AGW 1010 and the terminal 1002 can perform the media negotiation based on the corresponding address information. Through the above method, the separation of session creation and media negotiation can be realized. In addition, after the P-CSCF network element 1005 senses that the first session is successfully established, the P-CSCF network element 1005 can subscribe to the media negotiation state or the resource reservation state of the IMS-AGW 1006, so that the IMS-AGW 1006 sends first information to the P-CSCF network element 1005 to trigger resource reservation when it senses that the media negotiation is completed or resource reservation is required. Similarly, after the P-CSCF network element 1009 senses that the first session is successfully established, the P-CSCF network element 1009 can subscribe to the media negotiation state or the resource reservation state of the IMS-AGW 1010, so that the IMS-AGW 1010 sends first information to the P-CSCF network element 1009 to trigger resource reservation when it senses that the media negotiation is completed or resource reservation is required. Through the above method, in the scenario where the session creation process and the media negotiation process are separated, the resource reservation mechanism can be applied to reserve resources for the terminal 1001 and the terminal 1002, so as to improve the call success rate of the first session.

[0348] It can be understood that the actions of the IMS-AGW 1006, the P-CSCF network element 1005, the IMS-AGW 1010 or the P-CSCF network element 1009 in the above steps can be performed by the processor 301 in the communication apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 3 invoking the application program code stored in the memory 303, and the present application does not make any limitation in this regard.

[0349] The method provided by the present application will be described below with reference to the real-time communication network 12 shown in FIG. IB.

[0350] As shown in FIG. 6, another communication method provided by the present application can be applied to the call process between the terminal 1201 and the terminal 1202. The communication method can include the following steps:

[0351] S601: The terminal 1201 sends a first session connection request (Session Connect Request) to the USF network element 1203. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1203 receives the first session connection request from the terminal 1201.

[0352] One possible implementation, the terminal 1201 determines to initiate a voice call or a video call to the terminal 1202, the terminal 1201 can initiate a session establishment procedure to establish a first session. For example, the terminal 1201 sends a first session connection request to the USF network element 1203 to trigger the session establishment procedure.

[0353] The first session is a session between the terminal 1201 and the terminal 1202, and is used to transmit a media stream between the terminal 1201 and the terminal 1202. The terminal 1001 and the terminal 1202 can be understood as end points of the first session. In addition to the terminal 1201 and the terminal 1202, the first session also passes through the MF network element 1205 and the MF network element 1206. Other descriptions of the first session can refer to the description of the first session in the method shown in FIG. 4. The first session connection request does not carry an SDP offer. The first session connection request can carry address information of the terminal 1201 and a number of the terminal 1202. Optionally, the first session connection request also carries a first identifier. For example, the first session connection request carries the address information of the terminal 1201 and the first identifier in a header field or a message body of the first session connection request. Wherein, the description of the address information of the terminal 1201 can refer to the description of the address information of the terminal 1001 in the method shown in FIG. 5, and the description of the first identifier can refer to the description of the first identifier in the method shown in FIG. 4, and will not be repeated here.

[0354] For example, the content of the first session connection request can be as shown in Table 32. Wherein, “Callee”, “Media-Conn-Info” and “Media-Context-ID” are header fields of the first session connection request, “+8618812345678” is the number of the terminal 1202, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1201.domain11.com” is the first identifier, and “192.168.176.1:6060” is the address information of the terminal 1201. “192.168.176.1:6060” can also be replaced by “ue1201.domain11.com:6060”.

[0355] Table 32

[0356] S602: The USF network element 1203 sends a first session creation request (SessionCreateRequest) to the MF network element 1205. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the first session creation request from the USF network element 1203.

[0357] In a possible implementation, the USF network element 1203 can determine the MF network element 1205 according to the location information of the terminal 1201, and send a first session creation request to the MF network element 1205. The location information of the terminal 1201 can be reported by the terminal 1201 when registering or through the first session connection request. Optionally, in addition to the location information of the terminal 1201, the USF network element 1203 can also determine the MF network element 1205 in combination with the load of the MF network element.

[0358] The first session creation request is used to request to create a session. The first session creation request does not carry an SDP Offer. The first session creation request carries address information of the terminal 1201. Optionally, the first session creation request also carries a first identifier. For example, the first session creation request carries the address information of the terminal 1201 and the first identifier in a header field or a message body of the first session creation request. It should be understood that if the first session connection request does not carry the first identifier, the USF network element 1203 can generate the first identifier and carry it in the first session creation request.

[0359] For example, the content included in the first session creation request can be as shown in Table 33.

[0360] Table 33

[0361] S603: The MF network element 1205 sends a first session creation response (SessionCreateResponse) to the USF network element 1203. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1203 receives the first session creation response from the MF network element 1205.

[0362] In a possible implementation, after receiving the first session creation request, the MF network element 1205 saves the first session creation request and allocates address information of the MF network element 1205. For example, the MF network element 1205 allocates first address information and second address information. The first address information is used to connect the MF network element 1205 to the terminal 1201, and the second address information is used to connect the MF network element 1205 to the MF network element 1206. The content included in the first address information and the second address information is similar to the content included in the address information of the terminal 1001 in the method shown in FIG. 5, and reference can be made to the foregoing introduction of the address information of the terminal 1001, which will not be described herein again.

[0363] A possible design, the first session creation response does not carry SDP Answer. The first session creation response carries the first address information and the second address information. Optionally, the first session creation response further carries the first identity. For example, the first address information, the second address information and the first identity are carried in a header field or a message body of the first session creation response. It should be understood that if the first identity is not carried in the first session creation request, the MF network element 1205 can generate the first identity and carry it in the first session creation response.

[0364] For example, the first session creation response includes the content as shown in Table 34. Wherein, "192.168.176.3:6060" is the first address information, and "192.168.176.4:6061" is the second address information.

[0365] Table 34

[0366] It can be understood that, in order to enable the USF network element 1203 to identify which device the first address information and the second address information are connected to respectively, the positions of the first address information and the second address information in Table 34 are agreed in advance or specified in the protocol. In addition, in specific applications, the USF network element 1203 can also identify which device the first address information and the second address information are connected to respectively by other manners. For example, the first address information and the second address information can be carried in different header fields, such as the first address information is carried in the header field "Media-Conn-Outer", and the second address information is carried in the header field "Media-Conn-Inner". Or, the first address information and the second address information correspond to different number segments. Or, the first session creation request and the first session creation response further carry the identity of each address information.

[0367] S604: The USF network element 1203 sends a second session connection request to the USF network element 1204. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1204 receives the second session connection request from the USF network element 1203.

[0368] A possible implementation, the USF network element 1203 determines the USF network element 1204 capable of providing services for the terminal 1202 according to the registration information of the number of the terminal 1202, and sends the second session connection request to the USF network element 1204.

[0369] Wherein, the second session connection request does not carry SDP Offer. The second session connection request can carry the second address information. Optionally, the second session connection request further carries the first identity. For example, the second session connection request carries the second address information and the first identity in a header field or a message body. For example, the second session connection request includes the content as shown in Table 35.

[0370] Table 35

[0371] S605: The USF network element 1204 sends a second session creation request to the MF network element 1206. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the second session creation request from the USF network element 1204.

[0372] In a possible implementation, the USF network element 1204 can determine the MF network element 1206 according to the location information of the terminal 1202, and send the second session creation request to the MF network element 1206. The location information of the terminal 1202 can be reported by the terminal 1202 when registering. Alternatively, in addition to the location information of the terminal 1202, the USF network element 1204 can also determine the MF network element 1206 in combination with the load of the MF network element.

[0373] The second session creation request is used to request to create a session. The second session creation request does not carry an SDP Offer. The second session creation request carries second address information. Alternatively, the second session creation request also carries the first identity. For example, the second address information and the first identity are carried in the header field or the message body of the second session creation request. It should be understood that if the first identity is not carried in the second session connection request, the USF network element 1204 can generate the first identity and carry it in the second session creation request. The specific format of the second session creation request is similar to that of the first session creation request, and reference can be made to the description of the first session creation request in the foregoing, and details are not described herein again.

[0374] S606: The MF network element 1206 sends a second session creation response to the USF network element 1204. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1204 receives the second session creation response from the MF network element 1206.

[0375] In a possible implementation, after receiving the second session creation request, the MF network element 1206 saves the second session creation request and allocates address information of the MF network element 1206. For example, the MF network element 1206 allocates third address information and fourth address information. The third address information is used to connect the MF network element 1206 to the MF network element 1205, and the fourth address information is used to connect the MF network element 1206 to the terminal 1202. The third address information and the fourth address information include contents similar to those of the address information of the terminal 1001 in the method shown in FIG. 5, and reference can be made to the description of the address information of the terminal 1001 in the foregoing, and details are not described herein again.

[0376] A possible design, the second session creation response does not carry the SDP Answer. The second session creation response carries the third address information and the fourth address information. Optionally, the second session creation response further carries the first identity. For example, the third address information, the fourth address information and the first identity are carried in a header field or a message body of the second session creation response. It should be understood that if the first identity is not carried in the second session creation request, the MF network element 1206 can generate the first identity and carry it in the second session creation response. The specific format of the second session creation response is similar to that of the first session creation response, and the description of the first session creation response can be referred to, and details are not described herein.

[0377] S607: The USF network element 1204 sends a third session connection request to the terminal 1202. Correspondingly, the terminal 1202 receives the third session connection request from the USF network element 1204.

[0378] The third session connection request does not carry the SDP Offer. The third session connection request can carry the fourth address information. Optionally, the third session connection request further carries the first identity. For example, the fourth address information and the first identity are carried in a header field or a message body of the third session connection request. The specific format of the third session connection request is similar to that of the first session connection request and the second session connection request, and the corresponding description can be referred to.

[0379] S608: The terminal 1202 sends a third session connection response (SessionConnectResponse) to the USF network element 1204. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1204 receives the third session connection response from the terminal 1202.

[0380] The third session connection response does not carry the SDP Answer. The third session connection response carries the address information of the terminal 1202. Optionally, the third session connection response further carries the first identity. For example, the address information of the terminal 1202 and the first identity are carried in a header field or a message body of the third session connection response. It should be understood that if the first identity is not carried in the third session connection request, the terminal 1202 can generate the first identity and carry it in the third session connection response.

[0381] Exemplarily, the content included in the third session connection response can be as shown in Table 36. Wherein, "Media-Conn-Info" and "Media-Context-ID" are the header fields of the third session connection response, "edgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1201.domain11.com" is the first identifier, and "192.168.176.6:6060" is the address information of the terminal 1202. "192.168.176.6:6060" can also be replaced by "ue1202.domain11.com:6060".

[0382] Table 36

[0383] S609: The USF network element 1204 sends a first session update request (SessionUpdateRequest) to the MF network element 1206. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the first session update request from the USF network element 1204.

[0384] Wherein, the first session update request carries the address information of the terminal 1202. Optionally, the first session update request also carries the first identifier. For example, the address information of the terminal 1202 and the first identifier are carried in the header field or the message body of the first session update request. Exemplarily, the content included in the first session update request can be as shown in Table 37.

[0385] Table 37

[0386] It can be understood that after receiving the first session update request, the MF network element 1206 can save the request. Optionally, the MF network element 1206 can also send a first session update response (SessionUpdateResponse) to the USF network element 1204 to indicate whether the first session update request is successfully received.

[0387] S610: The USF network element 1204 sends a second session connection response to the USF network element 1203. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1203 receives the second session connection response from the USF network element 1204.

[0388] Wherein, the second session connection response does not carry the SDP Answer. The second session connection response carries the third address information. Optionally, the second session connection response also carries the first identifier. For example, the third address information and the first identifier are carried in the header field or the message body of the second session connection response.

[0389] Exemplarily, the second session connection response includes contents as shown in Table 38. Wherein, "Media-Conn-Info" and "Media-Context-ID" are header fields of the second session connection response, "edgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1201.domain11.com" is the first identifier, and "192.168.176.4:6060" is the third address information.

[0390] Table 38

[0391] It can be understood that the application does not limit the execution order of S609 and S610. For example, S609 can be executed first and then S610, or S610 can be executed first and then S609, or S609 and S610 can be executed simultaneously.

[0392] S611: The USF network element 1203 sends a second session update request to the MF network element 1205. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the second session update request from the USF network element 1203.

[0393] Wherein, the second session update request carries the third address information. Optionally, the second session update request also carries the first identifier. For example, the third address information and the first identifier are carried in the header field or the message body of the second session update request. The format of the second session update request is similar to the format of the first session update request described above, and reference can be made to the foregoing description of the first session update request, and details are not repeated herein.

[0394] It can be understood that after receiving the second session update request, the MF network element 1205 can save the request. Optionally, the MF network element 1205 can also send a second session update response to the USF network element 1203 to indicate whether the second session update request is successfully received.

[0395] S612: The USF network element 1203 sends a first session connection response to the terminal 1201. Correspondingly, the terminal 1201 receives the first session connection response from the USF network element 1203.

[0396] Wherein, the first session connection response does not carry the SDP Answer. The first session connection response carries the first address information. Optionally, the first session connection response also carries the first identifier. For example, the first address information and the first identifier are carried in the header field or the message body of the first session connection response. The format of the first session connection response is similar to the format of the second session connection response and the third session connection response described above, and reference can be made to the foregoing description, and details are not repeated herein.

[0397] It can be understood that the application does not limit the execution order of S611 and S612, for example, S611 can be executed first and then S612, or S612 can be executed first and then S611, or S611 and S612 can be executed simultaneously.

[0398] So far, the session creation process between the terminal 1201, the USF network element 1203, the USF network element 1204 and the terminal 1202 is completed. In the above process, the terminal 1201 obtains the address information of the MF network element 1205, such as the first address information. The MF network element 1205 obtains the address information of the terminal 1201 and the address information of the MF network element 1206, such as the third address information. The MF network element 1206 obtains the address information of the terminal 1202 and the address information of the MF network element 1205, such as the second address information. The terminal 1202 obtains the address information of the MF network element 1206, such as the fourth address information. Subsequently, the terminal 1201, the MF network element 1205, the MF network element 1206 and the terminal 1202 can perform media negotiation based on the address information obtained by each of them, which will be described in detail below.

[0399] S613: The USF network element 1204 sends the second information to the MF network element 1206. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the second information from the USF network element 1204.

[0400] For example, the second information in S613 can be as shown in Table 39. Among them, "192.168.176.2:6060" is the address information of the USF network element 1204.

[0401] Table 39

[0402] Optionally, the MF network element 1206 can send third information to the USF network element 1204 to indicate whether the subscription is successful.

[0403] S614: The USF network element 1203 sends the second information to the MF network element 1205. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the second information from the USF network element 1203.

[0404] For example, the second information in S614 can be as shown in Table 40. Among them, "192.168.176.3:6060" is the address information of the USF network element 1203.

[0405] Table 40

[0406] Optionally, the MF network element 1205 can send third information to the USF network element 1203 to indicate whether the subscription is successful.

[0407] It can be understood that the other descriptions of the second information in S613 and S614 can refer to the description of the second information in the method shown in FIG. 4. In addition, FIG. 6 is drawn in such a way that S613 and S614 are executed after S612, but in a specific application, the USF network element 1203 and the USF network element 1204 can send the second information to subscribe to the related information after perceiving the establishment of the first session. For example, S613 is executed after S608 and before S621, and S614 is executed after S610 and before S622.

[0408] S615: The terminal 1201 sends a media negotiation request 1 to the MF network element 1205 according to the first address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the media negotiation request 1 from the terminal 1201.

[0409] In one possible implementation, the terminal 1201 generates the media negotiation request 1 according to the call type and the codec capability of the terminal 1201.

[0410] The media negotiation request 1 carries the first identifier and the media information proposed by the terminal 1201. The media information proposed by the terminal 1201 can include the capability information of the terminal 1201 for sending and receiving media (such as the information of the codec supported by the terminal 1201 and the information of whether the terminal 1201 supports resource reservation), and the address information of sending and receiving media. The media information proposed by the terminal 1201 is, for example, the first SDP offer. The media negotiation request 1 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message transmitted based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket or webtransport, etc.

[0411] For example, the media negotiation request 1 is used to negotiate the video media information, and the media negotiation request 1 is a real-time communication protocol message transmitted based on UDP, QUIC, websocket or webtransport. The content included in the media negotiation request 1 can be as shown in Table 41. The first identifier is “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1201.domain11.com”, and the information included in the “SDP” is the first SDP offer. “a=des:qos mandatory local sendrecv” indicates that the terminal 1201 supports resource reservation.

[0412] Table 41

[0413] S616: The MF network element 1205 sends a media negotiation request 2 to the MF network element 1206 according to the third address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the media negotiation request 2 from the MF network element 1205.

[0414] In a possible implementation, after receiving the media negotiation request 1, the MF network element 1205 can match to the first session according to the first identifier, and send a media negotiation request 2 to the MF network element 1206 according to the third address information.

[0415] The media negotiation request 2 carries the first identifier and the media information proposed by the MF network element 1205, for example, a second SDP Offer. The media negotiation request 2 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket, or webtransport transmission. The second SDP Offer is determined according to the first SDP Offer, for example, the MF network element 1205 can modify the IP address information and the port information in the first SDP Offer to the IP address information and the port information allocated by the MF network element 1205, but the MF network element 1205 does not modify the attribute lines related to resource reservation, such as the “cuur” and “des” attribute lines.

[0416] For example, if the media negotiation request 2 is a real-time communication protocol message based on HTTP transmission, the content included in the media negotiation request 2 can be as shown in Table 42.

[0417] Table 42

[0418] S617: The MF network element 1206 sends a media negotiation request 3 to the terminal 1202 according to the address information of the terminal 1202. Correspondingly, the terminal 1202 receives the media negotiation request 3 from the MF network element 1206.

[0419] In a possible implementation, after receiving the media negotiation request 1, the MF network element 1205 can match to the first session according to the first identifier, and send a media negotiation request 3 to the terminal 1202 according to the address information of the terminal 1202.

[0420] The media negotiation request 3 carries the first identifier and the media information proposed by the MF network element 1206, and the media information proposed by the MF network element 1206 is, for example, a third SDP offer. The media negotiation request 3 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket, webtransport or the like. The third SDP offer is determined according to the second SDP offer, for example, the MF network element 1206 can modify the IP address information and port information in the second SDP offer to the IP address information and port information allocated by the MF network element 1206, but the MF network element 1206 does not modify the attribute lines related to resource reservation, such as the “cuur” and “des” attribute lines.

[0421] For example, when the media negotiation request 3 is a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, websocket or webtransport transmission, the content included in the media negotiation request 3 can be as shown in Table 43. Among them, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1201.domain11.com” is the first identifier, and the information included in “SDP” is the third SDP offer. “192.168.176.5” is the fourth address information.

[0422] Table 43

[0423] S618: The terminal 1202 sends a media negotiation response (MediaNegotiationResponse) 3 to the MF network element 1206 according to the fourth address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the media negotiation response 3 from the terminal 1202.

[0424] In one possible implementation, after receiving the media negotiation request 3, the terminal 1202 determines the media negotiation result according to the call type and its own codec capability, and sends the media negotiation response 3 to the MF network element 1206 according to the fourth address information. The media negotiation response 3 carries the media negotiation result. For example, the media negotiation response 3 carries the media information answered by the terminal 1202, such as a third SDP answer. The media negotiation response 3 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket or webtransport and the like. Optionally, the media negotiation response 3 also carries the first identifier.

[0425] Exemplarily, taking the media negotiation response 3 as an example, which is a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, websocket or webtransport transmission, the content included in the media negotiation response 3 can be as shown in Table 44. The attribute line "a=des:qos mandatory remote sendrecv" indicates that the terminal 1202 supports resource reservation.

[0426] Table 44

[0427] S619: The MF network element 1206 sends the media negotiation response 2 to the MF network element 1205 according to the second address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the media negotiation response 2 from the MF network element 1206.

[0428] The media negotiation response 2 carries the media information, such as the second SDP Answer, responded by the MF network element 1206. The media negotiation response 2 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket or webtransport transmission. Optionally, the media negotiation response 2 also carries the first identifier.

[0429] Exemplarily, taking the media negotiation response 2 as an example, which is a real-time communication protocol message based on HTTP transmission, the content included in the media negotiation response 2 can be as shown in Table 45.

[0430] Table 45

[0431] S620: The MF network element 1205 sends the media negotiation response 1 to the terminal 1201 according to the address information of the terminal 1201. Correspondingly, the terminal 1201 receives the media negotiation response 1 from the MF network element 1205.

[0432] The media negotiation response 1 carries the media information, such as the first SDP Answer, responded by the MF network element 1205. The media negotiation response 1 can be a SIP message, or a real-time communication protocol message based on UDP, QUIC, HTTP, websocket or webtransport transmission. Optionally, the media negotiation response 1 also carries the first identifier.

[0433] Exemplarily, taking the media negotiation response 1 based on the real-time communication protocol message of the UDP, the QUIC, the websocket or the webtransport transmission as an example, the content included in the media negotiation response 1 can be as shown in Table 46. Wherein, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1201.domain11.com” is the first identifier, and the information included in the “SDP” is the first SDP Answer. “192.168.176.2” is the first address information.

[0434] Table 46

[0435] Up to now, the media negotiation is completed between the terminal 1201, the MF network element 1205, the MF network element 1206 and the terminal 1202.

[0436] S621: The MF network element 1206 sends the first information to the USF network element 1204. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1204 receives the first information from the MF network element 1206.

[0437] In a possible implementation, the MF network element 1206 determines that the media negotiation of the first session is completed or needs to make resource reservation according to the media negotiation response 3, and sends the first information to the USF network element 1204. The first information can indicate that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the MF network element 1206, or indicate that the resource is reserved for the first session.

[0438] Exemplarily, in S621, the first information can include the first identifier, the event information associated with the first information, all or part of the information in the third SDP Offer (corresponding to the SDP Offer 1 in the method shown in FIG. 4), and all or part of the information in the third SDP Answer (corresponding to the SDP Answer 1 in the method shown in FIG. 4). For example, the content included in the first information can be as shown in Table 47. Wherein, “eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1201.domain11.com” is the first identifier, “MediaPrecondition” is the event information associated with the first information, “SDP offer” includes the content from the third SDP Offer, and “SDP answer” includes the content from the third SDP Answer.

[0439] Table 47

[0440] S622: The USF network element 1204 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1208 based on the first information. Correspondingly, the PCF / PCRF network element 1208 receives the first request from the USF network element 1204.

[0441] Exemplarily, in S622, the first request can carry all or part of information (such as IP address and port number) in the third SDP Offer, and all or part of information (such as IP address, port number, media type information or bandwidth information, etc.) in the third SDP Answer.

[0442] It can be understood that after receiving the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1208 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1202. The bearer can be a dedicated bearer of the terminal 1202. The terminal 1208 can send or receive a media stream through the dedicated bearer in a subsequent call process.

[0443] Optionally, the PCF / PCRF network element 1208 sends a response to the first request to the USF network element 1204 to indicate whether the resource reservation of the first session is completed.

[0444] S623: The MF network element 1205 sends first information to the USF network element 1203. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1203 receives the first information from the MF network element 1205.

[0445] In a possible implementation, the MF network element 1205 determines that the media negotiation of the first session is completed or that the first session needs to be reserved according to the media negotiation response 2, and sends the first information to the USF network element 1203. The first information can indicate that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the MF network element 1205, or indicate that the resource of the first session is reserved.

[0446] Exemplarily, in S623, the first information can include a first identifier, event information associated with the first information, all or part of information in the first SDP Offer (corresponding to the SDP Offer 2 in the method shown in FIG. 4), and all or part of information in the first SDP Answer (corresponding to the SDP Answer 2 in the method shown in FIG. 4). For example, the first information can include the contents shown in Table 48. Wherein, eadgeadgfdddaegddaefadge@ue1201.domain11.com is the first identifier, “MediaPrecondition” is the event information associated with the first information, “SDP offer” includes the contents of the above-mentioned first SDP Offer, and “SDP answer” includes the contents of the above-mentioned first SDP Answer.

[0447] Table 48

[0448] S624: The USF network element 1203 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1207 based on the first information. Correspondingly, the PCF / PCRF network element 1207 receives the first request from the USF network element 1203.

[0449] For example, in S624, the first request can carry all or part of the information in the first SDP Offer (such as IP address and port number), and all or part of the information in the first SDP Answer (such as IP address, port number, media type information, or bandwidth information, etc.).

[0450] It can be understood that after receiving the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1207 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1201. The bearer can be a dedicated bearer of the terminal 1201. The terminal 1201 can send or receive media streams through the dedicated bearer in the subsequent call process.

[0451] Optionally, the PCF / PCRF network element 1207 sends a response to the first request to the USF network element 1203 to indicate whether the resource reservation of the first session is completed.

[0452] It can be understood that the specific processes of S621-S622 and S623-S624 are similar to the processes of S401-S402 in the method shown in FIG. 4, and the corresponding description in S401-S402 can be referred to. In addition, FIG. 6 is drawn in the case that S621-S622 and S623-S624 are executed after S620, but in a specific application, the MF network element 1205 and the MF network element 1206 can send the first information to trigger the resource reservation as soon as they perceive that the media negotiation is completed. For example, S621-S622 can be executed after S618, and S623-S624 can be executed after S619.

[0453] S625: The terminal 1201 sends a media negotiation request 4 to the MF network element 1205 according to the first address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the media negotiation request 4 from the terminal 1201.

[0454] In a possible implementation, the terminal 1201 identifies that the bearer of the terminal 1201 with the access network and the core network is successfully established, and then sends the media negotiation request 4 to the MF network element 1205 according to the first address information to update the resource reservation state of the terminal 1201.

[0455] Exemplarily, the content included in the media negotiation request 4 can be as shown in Table 49. Among them, the attribute line "a=curr:qos local sendrecv" indicates that the resource reservation of the terminal 1201 has been completed.

[0456] Table 49

[0457] S626: The MF network element 1205 sends a media negotiation request 5 to the MF network element 1206 according to the third address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the media negotiation request 5 from the MF network element 1205.

[0458] Exemplarily, the content included in the media negotiation request 5 can be as shown in Table 50.

[0459] Table 50

[0460] S627: The MF network element 1206 sends a media negotiation request 6 to the terminal 1202 according to the address information of the terminal 1202. Correspondingly, the terminal 1202 receives the media negotiation request 6 from the MF network element 1206.

[0461] Exemplarily, the content included in the media negotiation request 6 can be as shown in Table 51.

[0462] Table 51

[0463] S628: The terminal 1202 sends a media negotiation response 6 to the MF network element 1206 according to the fourth address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the media negotiation response 6 from the terminal 1202.

[0464] In a possible implementation, after the terminal 1202 identifies that the terminal 1202 and the access network and the core network have successfully established a bearer, the terminal 1202 sends the media negotiation response 6 to the MF network element 1206 according to the fourth address information, to update the resource reservation state of the terminal 1202.

[0465] Exemplarily, the content included in the media negotiation response 6 can be as shown in Table 52. The attribute line "a=des:qos mandatory remote sendrecv" indicates that the terminal 1202 supports resource reservation.

[0466] Table 52

[0467] S629: The MF network element 1206 sends a media negotiation response 5 to the MF network element 1205 according to the second address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the media negotiation response 5 from the MF network element 1206.

[0468] For example, the media negotiation response 5 includes the contents shown in Table 53.

[0469] Table 53

[0470] S630: The MF network element 1205 sends a media negotiation response 4 to the terminal 1201 according to the address information of the terminal 1201. Correspondingly, the terminal 1201 receives the media negotiation response 4 from the MF network element 1205.

[0471] For example, the media negotiation response 4 includes the contents shown in Table 54.

[0472] Table 54

[0473] S631: The terminal 1201, the MF network element 1205, the MF network element 1206 and the terminal 1202 transmit media streams based on the media negotiation result.

[0474] In a possible implementation, after the terminal 1202 rings and goes off hook, the user of the terminal 1201 and the user of the terminal 1202 perform voice communication or video communication, and the terminal 1201, the MF network element 1205, the MF network element 1206 and the terminal 1202 transmit media streams based on the media negotiation result.

[0475] Based on the method shown in FIG. 6, the terminal 1201, the USF network element 1203, the USF network element 1204 and the terminal 1202 can create a first session, and in the process of creating the first session, no media negotiation is performed, but the address information required for media negotiation is carried to each device. Subsequently, the terminal 1201, the MF network element 1205, the MF network element 1206 and the terminal 1202 can perform media negotiation based on the corresponding address information. Through the above method, the separation of session creation and media negotiation can be realized. In addition, after the USF network element 1203 senses that the first session is successfully established, it can subscribe to the media negotiation state or the resource reservation state of the MF network element 1205, so that the MF network element 1205 sends the first information to the USF network element 1203 when it senses that the media negotiation is completed or the resource needs to be reserved, to trigger the resource reservation. Similarly, after the USF network element 1204 senses that the first session is successfully established, it can subscribe to the media negotiation state or the resource reservation state of the MF network element 1206, so that the MF network element 1206 sends the first information to the USF network element 1204 when it senses that the media negotiation is completed or the resource needs to be reserved, to trigger the resource reservation. Through the above method, in the scenario where the session creation process and the media negotiation process are separated, the resource reservation mechanism can be applied to reserve resources for the terminal 1201 and the terminal 1202, so as to improve the call success rate of the first session.

[0476] It can be understood that the actions of the MF network element 1205, the USF network element 1203, the MF network element 1206 or the USF network element 1204 in the above steps can be performed by the processor 301 in the communication apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 3 invoking the application program code stored in the memory 303, and the present application does not make any limitation thereto.

[0477] It can be understood that, in addition to the network architecture shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the communication method provided in the present application can also be applied to other network architectures, such as the network architecture shown in FIG. 1C. The case where the communication method provided in the present application is applied to the network architecture shown in FIG. 1C is similar to the case where the communication method is applied to the network architecture shown in FIG. 1A and the network architecture shown in FIG. 1B. For example, the P-CSCF network element 1405, upon sensing the establishment of the first session, sends second information to the IMS-AGW 1407 to subscribe to the media negotiation state of the first session or the resource reservation state of the first session. The IMS-AGW 1407, upon sensing the completion of the media negotiation of the first session, sends first information to the P-CSCF network element 1405 to indicate that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the IMS-AGW 1407 or to indicate that the resources are reserved for the first session. After the P-CSCF network element 1405 receives the first information, the P-CSCF network element 1405 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1409 to request to reserve resources for the first session. After the PCF / PCRF network element 1409 receives the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1409 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1401. Similarly, the USF network element 1406, upon sensing the establishment of the first session, sends second information to the MF network element 1408 to subscribe to the media negotiation state of the first session or the resource reservation state of the first session. The MF network element 1408, upon sensing the completion of the media negotiation of the first session, sends first information to the USF network element 1406 to indicate that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the MF network element 1408 or to indicate that the resources are reserved for the first session. After the USF network element 1406 receives the first information, the USF network element 1406 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1410 to request to reserve resources for the first session. After the PCF / PCRF network element 1410 receives the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1410 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1402.

[0478] For the network architecture shown in FIG. 1C, the first session is a session between the terminal 1401 and the terminal 1402, which is used to transmit a media stream between the terminal 1401 and the terminal 1402. The terminal 1401 and the terminal 1402 can be understood as endpoints of the first session. In addition to the terminal 1401 and the terminal 1402, the first session also passes through the IMS-AGW 1407 and the MF network element 1408.

[0479] It can be understood that, in the methods shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6, the control function entity requests the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session. However, in specific applications, the media function entity can also request the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session. This will be described in detail below.

[0480] As shown in FIG. 7, another communication method is provided in the present application, which can be applied to a call process between a first terminal and a second terminal. For example, the first terminal calls the second terminal, or the second terminal calls the first terminal. Taking the IMS network 10 shown in FIG. 1A as an example, the first terminal is the terminal 1001, and the second terminal is the terminal 1002; taking the real-time communication network 12 shown in FIG. 1B as an example, the first terminal is the terminal 1201, and the second terminal is the terminal 1202; taking the hybrid network 14 shown in FIG. 1C as an example, the first terminal is the terminal 1401, and the second terminal is the terminal 1402. The communication method can include the following steps:

[0481] S701: A media function entity receives or sends first media information.

[0482] The media function entity can be the media function entity 202 in the communication system 20 shown in FIG. 2. In the method shown in FIG. 7, the media function entity can be located in the same communication network as the first terminal; or the media function entity can be located in the same communication network as the second terminal. For example, the media function entity and the first terminal are located in the calling network; or the media function entity and the second terminal are located in the called network; or the media function entity and the first terminal are located in the called network; or the media function entity and the second terminal are located in the calling network.

[0483] In the method shown in FIG. 7, the first media information is the media information negotiated by the media function entity for the first session. The first media information is used by the media function entity to send or receive media stream based on the first media information. For example, the first media information is the SDP Answer 1 received by the media function entity from another media function entity after the media function entity sends the SDP Offer 1 to the other media function entity. For another example, before S701, the media function entity receives the SDP Offer 2 from another media function entity, and the first media information is the SDP Answer 2 sent by the media function entity to the other media function entity based on the SDP Offer 2. In other words, the first media information is received by the media function entity from another media function entity, or sent by the media function entity to another media function entity, i.e., the media function entity completes the media negotiation of the first session. The introduction of the first session can refer to the corresponding description in the method shown in FIG. 4.

[0484] S702: The media function entity sends a first request to a policy control entity according to the first media information. Correspondingly, the policy control entity receives the first request from the media function entity.

[0485] In the present application, the policy control entity can be the policy control entity 203 in the communication system 20 shown in FIG. 2. The first request is used to request to reserve resources for the first session.

[0486] In a possible implementation, the media function entity sends the first request to the policy control entity in a case that the first media information indicates that the media information negotiation of the first session is successful (e.g., the first media information includes audio and video port information and codec format information replied by the other media function entity), and the first terminal and the second terminal support resource reservation function (e.g., the first media information includes attribute line "a=des:qos mandatory local sendrecv" and attribute line "a=des:qos mandatory remote sendrecv").

[0487] In a possible design, the first request carries second media information. The second media information is determined according to at least one of the first media information or third media information. The third media information is proposed media information in the media negotiation for the first session, and the first media information is media information replied based on the third media information. For example, the third media information is the SDP Offer 1, and the first media information is the SDP Answer 1. For another example, the third media information is the SDP Offer 2, and the first media information is the SDP Answer 2.

[0488] For example, the second media information includes all or part of information in the first media information, and / or all or part of information in the third media information. For example, the second media information includes IP address information in the first media information, and / or port information in the first media information, and / or information about media type (e.g., audio media or video media) in the first media information, and / or bandwidth information (e.g., maximum bandwidth and / or minimum bandwidth negotiated) in the first media information, and / or IP address information in the second media information, and / or port information in the second media information.

[0489] It can be understood that, after receiving the first request, the policy control entity can trigger, according to the first request, establishment of a bearer for the first terminal or the second terminal. For example, if the media function entity is located in the same communication network as the first terminal, such as a calling network or a called network, the policy control entity triggers, according to the first request, establishment of a dedicated bearer for the first terminal with an access network, and / or a dedicated bearer for the first terminal with a core network. Subsequently, the first terminal can send or receive a media stream through the dedicated bearer in a process of talking with the second terminal. If the media function entity is located in the same communication network as the second terminal, such as a calling network or a called network, the policy control entity triggers, according to the first request, establishment of a dedicated bearer for the second terminal with an access network, and / or a dedicated bearer for the second terminal with a core network. Subsequently, the second terminal can send or receive a media stream through the dedicated bearer in a process of talking with the first terminal.

[0490] Optionally, the policy control entity sends a response of the first request to the media function entity, and correspondingly, the media function entity receives the response of the first request from the policy control entity. The response of the first request indicates whether the resource reservation of the first session is completed. Optionally, the response of the first request can also indicate the radio access technology used by the first terminal or the second terminal, such as 5G or 4G, etc.

[0491] For example, the first request is AAR, and the response of the first request is AAA. Alternatively, the first request is a policy authorization (e.g., PolicyAuthorization_Create) request, and the response of the first request is a policy authorization response. Of course, the first request and the response of the first request can also be other messages, which are not limited.

[0492] Based on the method shown in FIG. 7, the media function entity can request the policy control entity to reserve resources for the first session after completing media negotiation, so as to improve the call success rate of the first session.

[0493] It can be understood that the actions of the media function entity in the above steps can be performed by the processor 301 in the communication apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 3 invoking the application program code stored in the memory 303, and the present application does not make any limitation in this regard.

[0494] In order to better understand the communication method provided by the present application, the communication method provided by the present application will be introduced below in combination with the IMS network 10 shown in FIG. 1A and the real-time communication network 12 shown in FIG. 1B respectively.

[0495] Firstly, the method provided by the present application will be introduced taking the IMS network 10 shown in FIG. 1A as an example.

[0496] As shown in FIG. 8, another communication method provided by the present application can be applied to the call process between the terminal 1001 and the terminal 1002. The communication method can include the following steps:

[0497] S801: The terminal 1001 sends a first invitation request to the P-CSCF network element 1005. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1005 receives the first invitation request from the terminal 1001.

[0498] S802: The P-CSCF network element 1005 sends a first session creation request (SessionCreateRequest) to the IMS-AGW 1006. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the first session creation request from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0499] S803: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends a first session create response (SessionCreateResponse) to the P-CSCF network element 1005. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1005 receives the first session create response from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0500] S804: The P-CSCF network element 1005 sends a second invite request to the P-CSCF network element 1009. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1009 receives the second invite request from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0501] S805: The P-CSCF network element 1009 sends a second session create request to the IMS-AGW 1010. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the second session create request from the P-CSCF network element 1009.

[0502] S806: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a second session create response to the P-CSCF network element 1009. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1009 receives the second session create response from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0503] S807: The P-CSCF network element 1009 sends a third invite request to the terminal 1002. Correspondingly, the terminal 1002 receives the third invite request from the P-CSCF network element 1009.

[0504] S808: The terminal 1002 sends a response (e.g., a 183 message) of the third invite request to the P-CSCF network element 1009. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1009 receives the response of the third invite request from the terminal 1002.

[0505] S809: The P-CSCF network element 1009 sends a first session update request (SessionUpdateRequest) to the IMS-AGW 1010. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the first session update request from the P-CSCF network element 1009.

[0506] S810: The P-CSCF network element 1009 sends a response (e.g., a 183 message) of the second invite request to the P-CSCF network element 1005. Correspondingly, the P-CSCF network element 1005 receives the response of the second invite request from the P-CSCF network element 1009.

[0507] S811: The P-CSCF network element 1005 sends a second session update request to the IMS-AGW 1006. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the second session update request from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0508] S812: The P-CSCF network element 1005 sends a response (e.g., a 183 message) of the first INVITE request to the terminal 1001. Correspondingly, the terminal 1001 receives the response of the first INVITE request from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0509] The specific process of S801-S812 is similar to that of S501-S512, and details are referable to the description in S501-S512.

[0510] S813: The terminal 1001 sends a media negotiation request (MediaNegotiationRequest) 1 to the IMS-AGW 1006 according to the first address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the media negotiation request 1 from the terminal 1001.

[0511] S814: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends a media negotiation request 2 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the third address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the media negotiation request 2 from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0512] S815: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a media negotiation request 3 to the terminal 1002 according to the address information of the terminal 1002. Correspondingly, the terminal 1002 receives the media negotiation request 3 from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0513] S816: The terminal 1002 sends a media negotiation response (MediaNegotiationResponse) 3 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the fourth address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the media negotiation response 3 from the terminal 1002.

[0514] S817: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a media negotiation response 2 to the IMS-AGW 1006 according to the second address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the media negotiation response 2 from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0515] S818: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends a media negotiation response 1 to the terminal 1001 according to the address information of the terminal 1001. Correspondingly, the terminal 1001 receives the media negotiation response 1 from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0516] The specific process of S813-S818 is similar to that of S513-S520, and details are referable to the description in S513-S520.

[0517] S819: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1012. Correspondingly, the PCF / PCRF network element 1012 receives the first request from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0518] Exemplarily, in S819, the first request can carry all or part of information (such as IP address and port number) in the third SDP Offer and all or part of information (such as IP address, port number, media type information or bandwidth information, etc.) in the third SDP Answer. The third SDP Offer corresponds to the SDP Offer 1 in the method shown in FIG. 7, and the third SDP Answer corresponds to the SDP Answer 1 in the method shown in FIG. 7.

[0519] It can be understood that after receiving the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1012 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1002. The bearer can be a dedicated bearer of the terminal 1002. The terminal 1002 can send or receive a media stream through the dedicated bearer in a subsequent call process.

[0520] Optionally, the PCF / PCRF network element 1012 sends a response to the first request to the IMS-AGW 1010 to indicate whether the resource reservation of the first session is completed.

[0521] S820: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1011. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the first request from the P-CSCF network element 1005.

[0522] Exemplarily, in S820, the first request can carry all or part of information (such as IP address and port number) in the first SDP Offer and all or part of information (such as IP address, port number, media type information or bandwidth information, etc.) in the first SDP Answer. The first SDP Offer corresponds to the SDP Offer 2 in the method shown in FIG. 7, and the first SDP Answer corresponds to the SDP Answer 2 in the method shown in FIG. 7.

[0523] It can be understood that after receiving the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1011 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1001. The bearer can be a dedicated bearer of the terminal 1001. The terminal 1001 can send or receive a media stream through the dedicated bearer in a subsequent call process.

[0524] Optionally, the PCF / PCRF network element 1011 sends a response of the first request to the IMS-AGW 1006 to indicate whether the resource reservation of the first session is completed.

[0525] It can be understood that the specific processes of S819 and S820 are similar to the process of S702 in the method shown in FIG. 7, and the corresponding description in S702 can be referred to. In addition, FIG. 8 is drawn in such a way that S819 and S820 are executed after S818, but in a specific application, the IMS-AGW 1010 and the IMS-AGW 1006 can send the first request to request resource reservation as soon as they perceive that the media negotiation is completed. For example, S819 can be executed after S816, and S820 can be executed after S817.

[0526] S821: The terminal 1001 sends a media negotiation request 4 to the IMS-AGW 1006 according to the first address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the media negotiation request 4 from the terminal 1001.

[0527] S822: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends a media negotiation request 5 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the third address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the media negotiation request 5 from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0528] S823: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a media negotiation request 6 to the terminal 1002 according to the address information of the terminal 1002. Correspondingly, the terminal 1002 receives the media negotiation request 6 from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0529] S824: The terminal 1002 sends a media negotiation response 6 to the IMS-AGW 1010 according to the fourth address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1010 receives the media negotiation response 6 from the terminal 1002.

[0530] S825: The IMS-AGW 1010 sends a media negotiation response 5 to the IMS-AGW 1006 according to the second address information. Correspondingly, the IMS-AGW 1006 receives the media negotiation response 5 from the IMS-AGW 1010.

[0531] S826: The IMS-AGW 1006 sends a media negotiation response 4 to the terminal 1001 according to the address information of the terminal 1001. Correspondingly, the terminal 1001 receives the media negotiation response 4 from the IMS-AGW 1006.

[0532] S827: The terminal 1001, the IMS-AGW 1006, the IMS-AGW 1010, and the terminal 1002 transmit media streams based on the media negotiation result.

[0533] The specific processes of S821-S827 are similar to those of S525-S531, and details are described in S525-S531, which will not be repeated here.

[0534] Based on the method shown in FIG. 8, the terminal 1001, the P-CSCF network element 1005, the P-CSCF network element 1009, and the terminal 1002 can create a first session, and in the process of creating the first session, no media negotiation is performed, but the address information required for media negotiation is carried to each device. Subsequently, the terminal 1001, the IMS-AGW 1006, the IMS-AGW 1010, and the terminal 1002 can perform media negotiation based on the corresponding address information. Through the above method, the separation of session creation and media negotiation can be realized. In addition, the IMS-AGW 1006 can request resource reservation when it senses that the media negotiation is completed and resource reservation is needed. Similarly, the IMS-AGW 1010 can request resource reservation when it senses that the media negotiation is completed and resource reservation is needed. Through the above method, in the scenario where the session creation process and the media negotiation process are separated, the resource reservation mechanism can be applied to reserve resources for the terminal 1001 and the terminal 1002, so as to improve the call success rate of the first session.

[0535] It can be understood that the actions of the IMS-AGW 1006, the P-CSCF network element 1005, the IMS-AGW 1010, or the P-CSCF network element 1009 in the above steps can be performed by the processor 301 in the communication apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 3 invoking the application program code stored in the memory 303, and the present application does not make any limitation in this regard.

[0536] The method provided by the present application will be described below taking the real-time communication network 12 shown in FIG. 1B as an example.

[0537] As shown in FIG. 9, another communication method provided by the present application can be applied to the call process between the terminal 1201 and the terminal 1202. The communication method can include the following steps:

[0538] S901: The terminal 1201 sends a first session connection request (Session Connect Request) to the USF network element 1203. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1203 receives the first session connection request from the terminal 1201.

[0539] S902: The USF network element 1203 sends a first session create request (SessionCreateRequest) to the MF network element 1205. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the first session create request from the USF network element 1203.

[0540] S903: The MF network element 1205 sends a first session create response (SessionCreateResponse) to the USF network element 1203. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1203 receives the first session create response from the MF network element 1205.

[0541] S904: The USF network element 1203 sends a second session connect request to the USF network element 1204. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1204 receives the second session connect request from the USF network element 1203.

[0542] S905: The USF network element 1204 sends a second session create request to the MF network element 1206. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the second session create request from the USF network element 1204.

[0543] S906: The MF network element 1206 sends a second session create response to the USF network element 1204. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1204 receives the second session create response from the MF network element 1206.

[0544] S907: The USF network element 1204 sends a third session connect request to the terminal 1202. Correspondingly, the terminal 1202 receives the third session connect request from the USF network element 1204.

[0545] S908: The terminal 1202 sends a third session connect response (SessionConnectResponse) to the USF network element 1204. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1204 receives the third session connect response from the terminal 1202.

[0546] S909: The USF network element 1204 sends a first session update request (SessionUpdateRequest) to the MF network element 1206. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the first session update request from the USF network element 1204.

[0547] S910: The USF network element 1204 sends a second session connect response to the USF network element 1203. Correspondingly, the USF network element 1203 receives the second session connect response from the USF network element 1204.

[0548] It can be understood that the application does not limit the execution order of S609 and S610, for example, S609 can be executed first and then S610 is executed, or S610 is executed first and then S609 is executed, or S609 and S610 are executed simultaneously.

[0549] S911: The USF network element 1203 sends a second session update request to the MF network element 1205. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the second session update request from the USF network element 1203.

[0550] S912: The USF network element 1203 sends a first session connection response to the terminal 1201. Correspondingly, the terminal 1201 receives the first session connection response from the USF network element 1203.

[0551] The specific process of S901-S912 is similar to that of S601-S612, and reference can be made to the description in S601-S612, which will not be repeated here.

[0552] S913: The terminal 1201 sends a media negotiation request 1 to the MF network element 1205 according to the first address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the media negotiation request 1 from the terminal 1201.

[0553] S914: The MF network element 1205 sends a media negotiation request 2 to the MF network element 1206 according to the third address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the media negotiation request 2 from the MF network element 1205.

[0554] S915: The MF network element 1206 sends a media negotiation request 3 to the terminal 1202 according to the address information of the terminal 1202. Correspondingly, the terminal 1202 receives the media negotiation request 3 from the MF network element 1206.

[0555] S916: The terminal 1202 sends a media negotiation response 3 to the MF network element 1206 according to the fourth address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the media negotiation response 3 from the terminal 1202.

[0556] S917: The MF network element 1206 sends a media negotiation response 2 to the MF network element 1205 according to the second address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the media negotiation response 2 from the MF network element 1206.

[0557] S918: The MF network element 1205 sends a media negotiation response 1 to the terminal 1201 according to the address information of the terminal 1201. Correspondingly, the terminal 1201 receives the media negotiation response 1 from the MF network element 1205.

[0558] The specific process of S913-S918 is similar to that of S613-S620, and reference can be made to the description in S613-S620, which will not be repeated here.

[0559] S919: The MF network element 1206 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1208. Correspondingly, the PCF / PCRF network element 1208 receives the first request from the MF network element 1206.

[0560] For example, in S919, the first request can carry all or part of the information (such as IP address and port number) in the third SDP Offer and all or part of the information (such as IP address, port number, media type information, or bandwidth information, etc.) in the third SDP Answer. The third SDP Offer corresponds to the SDP Offer 1 in the method shown in FIG. 7, and the third SDP Answer corresponds to the SDP Answer 1 in the method shown in FIG. 7.

[0561] It can be understood that after receiving the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1208 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1202. The bearer can be a dedicated bearer of the terminal 1202. The terminal 1202 can send or receive media streams through the dedicated bearer in the subsequent call process.

[0562] Optionally, the PCF / PCRF network element 1208 sends a response to the first request to the MF network element 1206 to indicate whether the resource reservation of the first session is completed.

[0563] S920: The MF network element 1205 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1207. Correspondingly, the PCF / PCRF network element 1207 receives the first request from the USF network element 1203.

[0564] For example, in S920, the first request can carry all or part of the information (such as IP address and port number) in the first SDP Offer and all or part of the information (such as IP address, port number, media type information, or bandwidth information, etc.) in the first SDP Answer. The first SDP Offer corresponds to the SDP Offer 2 in the method shown in FIG. 7, and the first SDP Answer corresponds to the SDP Answer 2 in the method shown in FIG. 7.

[0565] It can be understood that, after receiving the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1207 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1201. The bearer can be a dedicated bearer of the terminal 1201. The terminal 1201 can send a media stream or receive a media stream through the dedicated bearer in a subsequent call process.

[0566] Optionally, the PCF / PCRF network element 1207 sends a response to the first request to the MF network element 1205 to indicate whether the resource reservation of the first session is completed.

[0567] It can be understood that the specific processes of S919 and S920 are similar to the process of S702 in the method shown in FIG. 7, and can refer to the corresponding description in S702. In addition, FIG. 9 is drawn in such a way that S919 and S920 are executed after S918, but in a specific application, the MF network element 1205 and the MF network element 1206 can send the first request to request resource reservation after perceiving that the media negotiation is completed. For example, S919 can be executed after S916, and S920 can be executed after S917.

[0568] S921: The terminal 1201 sends a media negotiation request 4 to the MF network element 1205 according to the first address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the media negotiation request 4 from the terminal 1201.

[0569] S922: The MF network element 1205 sends a media negotiation request 5 to the MF network element 1206 according to the third address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the media negotiation request 5 from the MF network element 1205.

[0570] S923: The MF network element 1206 sends a media negotiation request 6 to the terminal 1202 according to the address information of the terminal 1202. Correspondingly, the terminal 1202 receives the media negotiation request 6 from the MF network element 1206.

[0571] S924: The terminal 1202 sends a media negotiation response 6 to the MF network element 1206 according to the fourth address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1206 receives the media negotiation response 6 from the terminal 1202.

[0572] S925: The MF network element 1206 sends a media negotiation response 5 to the MF network element 1205 according to the second address information. Correspondingly, the MF network element 1205 receives the media negotiation response 5 from the MF network element 1206.

[0573] S926: The MF network element 1205 sends a media negotiation response 4 to the terminal 1201 according to the address information of the terminal 1201. Correspondingly, the terminal 1201 receives the media negotiation response 4 from the MF network element 1205.

[0574] S927: The terminal 1201, the MF network element 1205, the MF network element 1206 and the terminal 1202 transmit media streams based on the media negotiation result.

[0575] The specific process of S921-S927 is similar to that of S625-S631, and the description in S625-S631 can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0576] Based on the method shown in FIG. 9, the terminal 1201, the USF network element 1203, the USF network element 1204 and the terminal 1202 can create a first session, and in the process of creating the first session, no media negotiation is performed, but the address information required for media negotiation is carried to each device. Subsequently, the terminal 1201, the MF network element 1205, the MF network element 1206 and the terminal 1202 can perform media negotiation based on the corresponding address information. Through the above method, the separation of session creation and media negotiation can be realized. In addition, the MF network element 1205 can request resource reservation when it senses that the media negotiation is completed and resource reservation is needed. Similarly, the MF network element 1206 can request resource reservation when it senses that the media negotiation is completed and resource reservation is needed. Through the above method, in the scenario where the session creation process and the media negotiation process are separated, the resource reservation mechanism can be applied to reserve resources for the terminal 1201 and the terminal 1202, so as to improve the call success rate of the first session.

[0577] It can be understood that the actions of the MF network element 1205, the USF network element 1203, the MF network element 1206 or the USF network element 1204 in the above steps can be performed by the processor 301 in the communication apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 3 invoking the application program code stored in the memory 303, and the present application does not make any limitation in this regard.

[0578] It can be understood that, in addition to the network architecture shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the communication method shown in FIG. 7 can also be applied to other network architectures, such as the network architecture shown in FIG. 1C. The communication method shown in FIG. 7 is applied to the case of the network architecture shown in FIG. 1C, which is similar to the case of the network architecture shown in FIG. 1A and the network architecture shown in FIG. 1B. For example, the IMS-AGW 1407 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1409 to reserve resources for the first session after sensing that the media negotiation of the first session is completed. After receiving the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1409 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1401. Similarly, the MF network element 1408 sends a first request to the PCF / PCRF network element 1410 to reserve resources for the first session after sensing that the media negotiation of the first session is completed. After receiving the first request, the PCF / PCRF network element 1410 can establish a bearer with the access network and / or a bearer with the core network for the terminal 1402.

[0579] For the network architecture shown in FIG. 1C, the first session is a session between the terminal 1401 and the terminal 1402, which is used to transmit a media stream between the terminal 1401 and the terminal 1402. The terminal 1401 and the terminal 1402 can be understood as endpoints of the first session. In addition to the terminal 1401 and the terminal 1402, the first session also passes through the IMS-AGW 1407 and the MF network element 1408.

[0580] The various embodiments mentioned in the foregoing of the present application can be combined without contradiction in the scheme, without limitation.

[0581] The above mainly introduces the scheme provided by the present application from the perspective of the interaction between various network elements. Correspondingly, the present application also provides a communication device, which can be a control function entity in the above method embodiment, or a device containing the above control function entity, or a component that can be used for the control function entity; or the communication device can be a media function entity in the above method embodiment, or a device containing the above media function entity, or a component that can be used for the media function entity. It can be understood that, in order to realize the above functions, the control function entity or the media function entity etc. contains the corresponding hardware structure and / or software module for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the unit and algorithm operation of each example described in the embodiments disclosed in the present application, the present application can be realized in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is driven by hardware or computer software, it depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical scheme. Professional technicians can use different methods for each specific application to realize the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0582] The present application can divide the functional modules of the control function entity or the media function entity according to the above-mentioned method examples. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated in one processing module. The above-mentioned integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. It can be understood that the division of the modules in the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical functional division. Actual implementation can have another division manner.

[0583] For example, in the case of dividing each functional module in an integrated manner, FIG. 10 shows a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus 100. The communication apparatus 100 includes an interface module 101 and a processing module 102. The interface module 101, which can also be referred to as an interface unit, is used to perform a transceiving operation, for example, can be an interface circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver, or a communication interface, etc. The processing module 102, which can also be referred to as a processing unit, is used to perform an operation other than the transceiving operation, for example, can be a processing circuit or a processor, etc.

[0584] In some embodiments, the communication apparatus 100 can further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 10) for storing program instructions and data.

[0585] For example, the communication apparatus 100 is used to implement the function of the control function entity. The communication apparatus 100 is, for example, the control function entity described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.

[0586] The interface module 101 is configured to receive first information from a media function entity. For example, the interface module 101 can be used to perform S401.

[0587] The processing module 102 is configured to control the interface module 101 to send a first request to a policy control entity according to the first information. For example, the processing module 102 can be used to perform S402.

[0588] When used to implement the function of the control function entity, other functions that the communication apparatus 100 can implement can refer to the related description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and will not be described in detail.

[0589] Alternatively, for example, the communication apparatus 100 is used to implement the function of the media function entity. The communication apparatus 100 is, for example, the media function entity described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.

[0590] The interface module 101 is configured to receive or send first media information.

[0591] The processing module 102 is configured to control the interface module 101 to send the first information to the control function entity according to the first media information. For example, the processing module 102 can be configured to perform S401.

[0592] When used to implement the function of the media function entity, for other functions that the communication apparatus 100 can implement, reference can be made to the related description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and no more description is made.

[0593] Alternatively, the communication apparatus 100 is configured to implement the function of the media function entity. The communication apparatus 100 is, for example, the media function entity described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7.

[0594] The processing module 102 is configured to receive or send the first media information. For example, the interface module 101 can be configured to perform S701.

[0595] The processing module 102 is configured to control the interface module 101 to send the first request to the policy control entity according to the first media information. For example, the processing module 102 can be configured to perform S702.

[0596] When used to implement the function of the media function entity, for other functions that the communication apparatus 100 can implement, reference can be made to the related description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and no more description is made.

[0597] In a simple embodiment, those skilled in the art can conceive that the communication apparatus 100 can adopt the form shown in FIG. 3. For example, the processor 301 in FIG. 3 can invoke the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 303 to enable the communication apparatus 100 to perform the method described in the above embodiments.

[0598] For example, the functions / implementation processes of the interface module 101 and the processing module 102 in FIG. 10 can be implemented by the processor 301 in FIG. 3 invoking the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 303. Alternatively, the functions / implementation processes of the processing module 102 in FIG. 10 can be implemented by the processor 301 in FIG. 3 invoking the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 303, and the functions / implementation processes of the interface module 101 in FIG. 10 can be implemented by the communication interface 304 in FIG. 3.

[0599] It can be understood that one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented in software, hardware or a combination of both. When any of the above modules or units is implemented in software, the software exists in the form of computer program instructions and is stored in the memory, and the processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow. The processor can be built in a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or an ASIC, or be a separate semiconductor chip. The processor further includes a core for executing software instructions to perform operations or processing, and can further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a logic circuit for implementing special logic operations.

[0600] When any of the above modules or units is implemented in hardware, the hardware can be any one or any combination of a CPU, a microprocessor, a digital signal processing (DSP) chip, a microcontroller unit (MCU), an artificial intelligence processor, an ASIC, a SoC, an FPGA, a PLD, a dedicated digital circuit, a hardware accelerator, or a non-integrated discrete device, which can run necessary software or be independent of software to execute the above method flow.

[0601] Optionally, the present application also provides a chip system, including at least one processor and an interface, the at least one processor is coupled with a memory through the interface, when the at least one processor executes a computer program or instructions in the memory, the method in any of the above method embodiments is executed. In a possible implementation manner, the chip system further includes the memory. Optionally, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices, and the present application does not make a specific limitation on this.

[0602] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be instructed by a computer program to relevant hardware to complete, the program can be stored in the above computer readable storage medium, and the program can include the processes of the above method embodiments when executed. The computer readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the communication device in any of the above embodiments, such as a hard disk or a memory of the communication device. The computer readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the communication device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the communication device. Further, the computer readable storage medium can include both the internal storage unit and the external storage device of the communication device. The computer readable storage medium is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the communication device. The computer readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0603] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer program product. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be instructed by a computer program to relevant hardware to complete, the program can be stored in the above computer program product, and the program can include the processes of the above method embodiments when executed.

[0604] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer instruction. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be instructed by a computer instruction to relevant hardware (such as a computer, a processor, a control function entity, or a media function entity, etc.) to complete. The program can be stored in the above computer readable storage medium or the above computer program product.

[0605] Optionally, the present application also provides a communication system, including: a control function entity in the method shown in Figure 4, and / or, a media function entity.

[0606] Optionally, the present application also provides a communication system, including: a policy control entity in the method shown in Figure 7, and / or, a media function entity.

[0607] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above functional modules is taken as an example for illustration, and in actual application, the above functions can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions.

[0608] It can be understood that the "communication connection" in the present application can be a direct connection or an indirect connection; in addition, it can refer to an electrical connection. For example, two electrical elements A and B are connected, which can mean that A and B are directly connected, or it can mean that A and B are indirectly connected through other electrical elements or connection media, so that A and B can transmit electrical signals; for another example, two devices A and B are connected, which can mean that A and B are directly connected, or it can mean that A and B are indirectly connected through other communication devices or communication media, so that A and B can communicate.

[0609] It can be understood that the names of messages between various network elements in the above embodiments of the present application or the names of various parameters in the messages are only examples, and other names can also be used in specific implementations, which are not limited in the present application.

[0610] It can be understood that in the present application, " / " can represent that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship, for example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" can be used to describe the existence of three relationships between associated objects, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, of which A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C" or "at least one of A, B, or C" are generally used to represent any of the following: A exists alone; B exists alone; C exists alone; A and B exist together; A and C exist together; B and C exist together; A, B, and C exist together. The above is an example of A, B, and C with three elements to illustrate the alternative items of the project. When there are more elements in the expression, the meaning of the expression can be obtained according to the foregoing rules.

[0611] In order to facilitate the description of the technical solutions of the present application, in the present application, "first", "second" and the like can be used to distinguish technical features with the same or similar functions. The "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the "first", "second" and the like do not necessarily mean different. In the present application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. The use of "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concept in a specific manner, and to facilitate understanding.

[0612] It can be understood that the "embodiments" mentioned in the specification throughout mean that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the various embodiments throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It can be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence number of each process does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the present application.

[0613] It can be understood that in the present application, "when", "in the case of", "if" and "if" all refer to the corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances, not limited to time, and also do not require a judgment action when implementing, nor does it mean that there are other limitations.

[0614] In the present application, "at the same time" can be understood as at the same time point, also can be understood as in a period of time, also can be understood as in the same cycle.

[0615] It can be understood that some optional features in the present application can be implemented independently in some scenarios without relying on other features, such as the current scheme based on, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effect, or can be combined with other features according to demand in some scenarios. Accordingly, the device given in the present application can also realize these features or functions, which will not be described here.

[0616] It can be understood that the same step or step or technical feature with the same function in the present application can be mutually referenced between different embodiments.

[0617] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the shown or discussed mutually can be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0618] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may be a physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or also can be distributed to multiple different places. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0619] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0620] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any change or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to a control function entity, and the method comprises: receiving first information from a media function entity, the first information indicating that media negotiation of a first session is completed at the media function entity, or the first information indicating that resources are reserved for the first session, the first session being a session between a first terminal and a second terminal, the first session being used to transmit a media stream between the first terminal and the second terminal, the first session passing through the media function entity; sending a first request to a policy control entity according to the first information, the first request being used to request that resources are reserved for the first session.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The receiving the first information from the media function entity comprises: receiving the first information from the media function entity in a case that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further comprises: sending second information to the media function entity; the first information indicating that the media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, the second information being used to subscribe to a media negotiation state of the first session; or, the first information indicating that the resources are reserved for the first session, the second information being used to subscribe to a resource reservation state of the first session.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receiving first media information from the media function entity, the first media information being media information negotiated by the media function entity for the first session, the first media information being used for the media function entity to send or receive a media stream based on the first media information; the first request carrying second media information, the second media information being determined according to the first media information.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receiving a response to the first request from the policy control entity, the response to the first request indicating whether the resource reservation for the first session is completed; the first request being an authentication / authorization request, the response to the first request being an authentication / authorization response; or the first request being a policy authorization request, the response to the first request being a policy authorization response.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first terminal or the second terminal is located in a first communication network; the control function entity is deployed on a proxy call session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on an Internet protocol multimedia subsystem access media gateway in the first communication network; or, the control function entity is deployed on a unified session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on a media function network element in the first communication network.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The method is applied to a call process between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the first communication network is a calling network or a called network.

8. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to a media function entity, and the method comprises: receiving or sending first media information, the first media information being media information negotiated by the media function entity for a first session, the first session being a session between a first terminal and a second terminal, the first session being used to transmit a media stream between the first terminal and the second terminal, the first session passing through the media function entity; sending first information to a control function entity according to the first media information, the first information being used to trigger a resource reservation request for the first session; the first information indicates that media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, or the first information indicates that a resource is reserved for the first session.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving second information from the control function entity; the first information indicates that media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity, and the second information is used to subscribe to a media negotiation state of the first session; or the first information indicates that a resource is reserved for the first session, and the second information is used to subscribe to a resource reservation state of the first session.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The method further comprises: the first media information indicates that media information negotiation of the first session is successful, and the first information indicates that media negotiation of the first session is completed at the media function entity; or the first media information indicates that media information negotiation of the first session is successful, and the first terminal and the second terminal support a resource reservation function, and the first information indicates that a resource is reserved for the first session.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that, The first terminal or the second terminal is located in a first communication network; The control function entity is deployed on a proxy call session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on an Internet protocol multimedia subsystem access media gateway in the first communication network; or The control function entity is deployed on a unified session control function network element in the first communication network, and the media function entity is deployed on a media function network element in the first communication network.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The method is applied to a call process between the first terminal and the second terminal; the first communication network is a calling network or a called network.

13. A method of communication, comprising: The method is applied to a media function entity, and the method comprises: receiving or sending first media information, the first media information being media information negotiated by the media function entity for a first session, the first session being a session between a first terminal and a second terminal, the first session being used to transmit a media stream between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the first session passing through the media function entity; sending a first request to a policy control entity according to the first media information, the first request being used to request a resource reservation for the first session.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving a response to the first request from the policy control entity, the response to the first request indicating whether the resource reservation for the first session is completed; 15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, ​ ​ The first request is an authentication / authorization request, and the response to the first request is an authentication / authorization response; or the first request is a policy authorization request, and the response to the first request is a policy authorization response.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized by, The first terminal or the second terminal is located in a first communication network; and the media function entity is deployed on an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem Access Media Gateway or a media function network element in the first communication network.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The method is applied to a call process between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the first communication network is a calling network or a called network.

18. A communications device, characterized by The apparatus comprises units or modules for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, or units or modules for performing the method of any one of claims 8 to 12, or units or modules for performing the method of any one of claims 13 to 17.

19. A communications device, characterized by The apparatus comprises: a processor coupled with a memory for storing programs or instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, or the method of any one of claims 8 to 12, or the method of any one of claims 13 to 17.

20. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, The computer programs or instructions, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, or the method of any one of claims 8 to 12, or the method of any one of claims 13 to 17.

21. A computer program product comprising computer program code in said computer program product, characterised in that, The computer programs or instructions, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, or the method of any one of claims 8 to 12, or the method of any one of claims 13 to 17.

22. A communication system, characterized by The apparatus comprises: an apparatus for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, and / or an apparatus for performing the method of any one of claims 8 to 12.

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