GLP-1 polypeptide prodrugs and uses thereof
GLP-1 polypeptide prodrugs with tailored conversion half-lives address the limitations of semaglutide by enhancing oral bioavailability and reducing side effects, facilitating less frequent dosing and improving patient compliance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-12
AI Technical Summary
Current GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide have low oral bioavailability and require frequent dosing, leading to patient inconvenience and low conversion efficiency from prodrug to parent drug, which affects overall drug exposure and efficacy.
Development of GLP-1 polypeptide prodrugs with a conversion half-life of 0.1 to 3 days for oral dosing and 3-21 days for subcutaneous dosing, ensuring rapid conversion to the parent drug and reducing side effects such as GI/Nausea, thereby enabling less frequent dosing options.
The prodrugs provide improved oral bioavailability, enhanced drug exposure, and reduced side effects, increasing patient compliance and efficacy by extending the Tmax and T1/2 of the parent drug, suitable for weekly or monthly dosing.
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Abstract
Description
GLP-1 POLYPEPTIDE PRODRUGS AND USES THEREOFTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to GLP-1 polypeptide prodrugs as well as the therapeutic use thereof.BACKGROUND
[0002] Diketopiperazine (DKP) based prodrugs of pepetides has previously been described by Arnab De, Richard D. DiMarchi in Investigation of the Feasibility of an Amide-based Prodrug Under Physiological Conditions, International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics (2008, Vol 14, 3, pp 255-262) . This technology is based on a chemical conversion where a moiety consisting of two amino acids cyclizes to form a six membered ring whereupon the active drug is liberated.
[0003] WO2010 / 071807 discloses prodrug formulations of glucagon superfamily peptides wherein the peptide has been modified by linkage of a dipeptide through an amide bond linkage.
[0004] WO2010 / 080605 discloses a non-enzymatically self-cleaving dipeptide element linked to known medical agents via an amide bond.
[0005] WO2011 / 163012 discloses prodrug formulations of glucagon superfamily peptides wherein the peptide has been modified by linkage of a dipeptide through an amide bond linkage.
[0006] WO2014 / 152460 discloses peptide-based prodrugs having significantly extended half-lives.
[0007] WO2016 / 049174 discloses prodrug formulations of insulin and insulin analogues wherein the insulin peptide has been modified by an amide bond linkage of a dipeptide prodrug element.
[0008] WO2011 / 089216 discloses dipeptide-based prodrugs for aliphatic amine-containing drugs.
[0009] WO2022096636 discloses semaglutide dipetide prodrugs with long chain fatty acid attached to the dipeptide for enhanced oral bioavailability and long plasma converting half-life.
[0010] WO2023217744 discloses other semaglutide dipetide prodrugs with and without long chain fatty acid attached to the dipeptide for enhanced oral bioavailability and long plasma converting half-life.
[0011] SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0012] GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide are widely used for treatment of chronic disease such as diabetes and overweight. Currently semaglutide is either administered as a weekly SC injection (Ozmepic or Wegoway) or daily oral tablet (Rybelsus) . A treatment regimen with less frequent dosing than once daily oral dosing or once weekly SC dosing may lead to improved patient convenience and improved patient compliance, and consequently the development of oral GLP-1 receptor agonists (Semaglutide prodrug) suitable for oral dosing less frequently than once daily or SC dosing less frequently than once weekly would constitute a significant improvement to the available treatment options. The present disclosure relates to prodrugs with desirable properties, e.g. for once weekly oral dosing or every 2 weeks, or every 3 weeks or monthly SC dosing. Furthermore, the current discovery also demonstrates the prodrugs of the present disclosure have better exposure (e.g. the area under the curve (AUC) , representing the total drug exposure integrated over time) and hence better absorption and bioavailability, which were verified by co-administering with the prodrug disclosed in WO2022096636A1 to the same group of dogs or monkeys in one mixed oral tablet and other test in vivo. In another functional aspect, both WO2022096636A1 and WO2023217744A1 calls for the prodrug to parent drug (semaglutide) conversion half-life of at least 3 days for oral dosing, most preferably 3.5-14 days for oral dosing. What we have unexpectedly found such a conversion half-life is not suitable for oral dosing due to slow conversion of the prodrug to parent drug, thus the conversion efficiency is too low for oral dosing. This is because peptide therapeutics such as semaglutide only has an oral bioavailability of 0.4-1.0%in human, even with prodrug technology the oral bioavailability generally will not be higher than 2-5%based on prodrug absorption. When the conversion efficiency (conversion half-life is 3.5-14 days) from prodrug to parent drug is low, what is gained through the higher absorption of prodrug is lost to the low conversion efficiency from prodrug to parent drug due to clearance of the peptides by the mammalian system. The net result is still low overall parent drug exposure. This is borne out by the recent termination of reference compound 1 (vensemaglutide) as weekly oral dosing therapeutics by Novo Nordisk. What we have unexpectedly discovered is that this low conversion efficiency can be remediated with prodrug that have a short prodrug to parent drug conversion half-life for oral dosing, especially for weekly oral dosing. Our discovery calls for prodrug to parent drug conversion half-life of 0.1 to less than 3 days in vitro, most preferably 0.5-2.5 days in vitro. Such fast conversion rate render prodrug absorbed by the mammalian system is quickly, thus efficiently converted to the parent drug to enable sufficient parent drug AUC for daily or weekly oral dosing.
[0013] What we have also unexpectedly discovered is that prodrugs with the conversion half-life of 3-21 days in vitro are suitable for biweekly or monthly SC dosing, and a prodrug of Semaglutide or a GLP-1 agonist released parent drug with prolonged Tmax and T1 / 2 that can enable biweekly or monthly subcutaneous dosing will constitute a significant advancement on convenience of use as well as patient compliance. Also, the reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough due to the prolonged Tmax and T1 / 2 of the prodrug released parent agonist will offer superior efficacy compared with the weekly SC dosed parent drug. What we have unexpectedly discovered is that, when dosed subcutaneously, the prodrugs can afford the parent drug with reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough as well as prolonged Tmax and T1 / 2 for the parent drug. The prodrugs afford the parent drug with reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough thus prolonged and flat parent drug concentration-time curve. The GLP-1 agonists therapy with weekly SC dosing often faced with strong GI / Nausea side effect due to high drug Cmax and reduced drug effect at the end of the week due to low Ctrough especially those agonists with less than week long T1 / 2 in human. The SC dosing of the prodrug compounds of the present disclosure with reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough will reduce the GI / Nausea side effect caused by the high Cmax and enhance the efficacy of the parent drug due to increased Ctrough. The prodrugs with a prodrug to parent drug conversion rate of 3-21 days for SC dosing is well suited for the delivery of the parent peptide drug as a biweekly or monthly injectable vs. the weekly parent peptide drug dosing thus greatly enhance convenience of use and patient compliance.
[0014] In a first aspect the present disclosure relates to a compound of Formula I, Formula I-B and Formula I-C:
[0015] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the variables are as defined in the following embodiments.
[0016] The compound of Formulae I, I-B and I-C, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof as well as the specific prodrug compounds disclosed in the context of the present disclosure and covered by the scope of the compounds above are collectively called “the compound of the present disclosure” .
[0017] The present disclosure relates to a prodrug of a GLP-1 polypeptide of Formulae I, I-B and I-C, wherein S is a GLP-1 agonist. S is the so-called parent drug that is liberated from Formula I upon conversion of the prodrug in vivo.
[0018] In a second aspect, the present disclosure relates to the prodrug of the compound of the present disclosure for use as a medicament. In one functional aspect, the present disclosure provides for a prodrug that has a conversion half-life suitable for once daily or once weekly oral dosing or once biweekly, or once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month subcutaneous injection dosing. Also, or alternatively, in another functional aspect, the present disclosure provides for a prodrug that has an observed terminal half-life suitable for once daily or once weekly oral dosing or once biweekly, or once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month subcutaneous injection dosing. Also, or alternatively, in another functional aspect, the present disclosure provides for a prodrug that has a surprisingly high oral drug exposure / absorption / oral bioavailability. The present disclosure may also solve further problems that will be apparent from the disclosure of the exemplary embodiments.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1A. Prodrug 16 Oral PK in Cyno Monkeys
[0020] Figure 1B. Prodrug 82 Oral PK in Cyno Monkeys
[0021] Figure 1C. Prodrug 89 Oral PK in Cyno Monkeys
[0022] Figure 2A. Semaglutide SC dosing PK in Cyno Monkey
[0023] Figure 2B. SC dosing PK of Prodrug compound 1 in cyno monkeys
[0024] Figure 2C. SC dosing PK of Prodrug compound 122 in cyno monkeys
[0025] Figure 2D. SC dosing PK of Prodrug compound 116 in cyno monkeys
[0026] Figure 3A. Semaglutide SC PK in 57C6BJ Mice
[0027] Figure 3B. Semaglutide PK released by SC dosing of Prodrug compound 16 in 57C6BJ Mice
[0028] Figure 4A. Weight loss by semaglutide (30nM / kg) vs. Prodrug compound 16 (3, 10 &30nM / kg)
[0029] Figure 4B. Weight loss by semaglutide (30nM / kg) vs. Prodrug compound 16 (3nM / kg)
[0030] Figure 4C. Weight loss by semaglutide (30nM / kg) vs. Prodrug compound 16 (10nM / kg)
[0031] Figure 4D. Weight loss by semaglutide (30nM / kg) vs. Prodrug compound 16 (30nM / kg)
[0032] Figure 5A. Accumulative food intake by semaglutide (30nM / kg) vs. Prodrug compound 16 (3, 10 &30nM / kg)
[0033] Figure 5B. Accumulative food intake by Prodrug compound 16 (3nM / kg)
[0034] Figure 5C. Accumulative food intake by Prodrug compound 16 (10nM / kg)
[0035] Figure 5D. Accumulative food intake by Prodrug compound 16 (30nM / kg)
[0036] Figure 5E. Accumulative food intake by semaglutide (30nM / kg)
[0037] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0038] Embodiments of the Disclosure: Part A
[0039] Embodiment 1. A compound of Formula I:
[0040] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof,
[0041] wherein:
[0042] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C0-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0043] R2 is H or Me;
[0044] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl;
[0045] R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;
[0046] X is NRc, C (O) or C (O) NH;
[0047] Y is C1-10 alkylene when X is C (O) , or Y is C2-10 alkylene when X is NRc or C (O) NH, wherein one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene are optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, and the alkylene is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, OH, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, and -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0048] R4 is:
[0049] -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -Z2-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -CH2- (CH2) n-A, -U (-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-Z2-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A) 2, or -U (-Z2-CH2- (CH2) n-A) 2, wherein R4 is linked to X via an amide bond;
[0050] Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue;
[0051] Z2 is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-4-, or -NH- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH-;
[0052] wherein when Z1 or Z2 is linked to the -C (O) - (CH2) n-A moiety, then they are linked via an amide bond, respectively; when Z1 or Z2 is linked to either X or U, then they are linked via an amide bond, respectively; and when Z1 is linked to Z2, then Z1 is linked to the -NH-of Z2 via an amide bond, and Z2 is linked to the N atom of X or U via an amide bond;
[0053] U is:
[0054] wherein the ---side of U is linked to Z1, Z2 or -C (O) - (CH2) n-A , and the side is linked to X via an amide bond;
[0055] A is independently
[0056] Ra and Rb are each independently
[0057] R5, Rc and Rd are each independently H or C1-6 alkyl;
[0058] S comprises a GLP-1 agonist, and the N-terminal amino group of the agonist is linked to the other part of the Formula I via an amide bond;
[0059] n is selected from 1-20;
[0060] o and p are each independently selected from 1-6;
[0061] q is selected from 1-6;
[0062] with the proviso that at least one of A is not COOH, when R1, R2 and R3 are all H and X is NH or when R1 is C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, R2 and R3 are both H, and X is NH; especially at least one of A is not COOH, when R1, R2 and R3 are all H or when R1 is C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2 and R2 and R3 are both H; especially at least one of A is not COOH, when both R1 and R2 are H or when R1 is C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2 and R2 is H.
[0063] Embodiment 2. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A, or -Z2-CH2- (CH2) n-A.
[0064] Embodiment 3. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A or -C (O) - (CH2) n-A.
[0065] Embodiment 4. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A or -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A;
[0066] such as R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-4-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, or -NH- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A; such as -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-3-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A; such as -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A; such as -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A.
[0067] Embodiment 5. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NRc or C (O) .
[0068] Embodiment 6. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is C (O) .
[0069] Embodiment 7. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein X is C (O) , and Y is C1-10 alkylene, such as linear C1-10 alkylene, wherein one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene are optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.
[0070] Embodiment 8. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments 1-4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein X is NRc or C (O) NH, and Y is C2-10 alkylene, such as linear C2-10 alkylene, wherein one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene are optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.
[0071] Embodiment 9. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is - (CH2) 1-2-O- (CH2) 2-3-, - (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 1-2-, - (CH2) 1-2-O- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-, - (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 1-2-, - (CH2) 1-2-O- (CH2) 2-3-NH- (CH2) 2-3-, - (CH2) 1-2-NH- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-or - (CH2) 1-2-NH- (CH2) 2-3-NH- (CH2) 2-3-, such as -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-, - (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-, -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-, - (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-or - (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH- (CH2) 2-.
[0072] Embodiment 10. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments 1-4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein X is C (O) , and Y is C1-10 alkylene optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl, such as Y is - (CH2) 1-10-, such as Y is CH2.
[0073] Embodiment 11. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments 1-4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein X is NRc or C (O) NH, and Y is C2-10 alkylene optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl, such as Y is - (CH2) 2-10-, such as Y is - (CH2) 2-.
[0074] Embodiment 12. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NRc.
[0075] Embodiment 13. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein at least one of A is not COOH, when R1 and R2 are both H.
[0076] Embodiment 14. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0077] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0078] R2 is H or Me;
[0079] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl;
[0080] R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;
[0081] X is NRc;
[0082] Y is C2-10 alkylene, optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, OH, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, and -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0083] R4 is: -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A or -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, such as -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-3-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A;
[0084] Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue; wherein Z1 is linked to the -C (O) - (CH2) n-A moiety via an amide bond, and Z1 is linked to X via an amide bond;
[0085] A is
[0086] Ra and Rb are each independently
[0087] Rc and Rd are each independently H or C1-6 alkyl;
[0088] S comprises a GLP-1 agonist and the N-terminal amino group of the GLP-1 agonist is linked to the other part of the Formula I via an amide bond;
[0089] n is selected from 1-20; and
[0090] o and p are each independently selected from 1-6;
[0091] with the proviso that A is not COOH, when R1, R2 and R3 are all H and X is NH; especially A is not COOH, when R1, R2 and R3 are all H; especially A is not COOH, when both R1 and R2 are H.
[0092] Embodiment 15. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NH.
[0093] Embodiment 16. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is C2-10 alkylene, optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl.
[0094] Embodiment 17. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is linear C2-8 alkylene, optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl.
[0095] Embodiment 18. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is linear C2-8 alkylene.
[0096] Embodiment 19. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is linear C2-6 alkylene.
[0097] Embodiment 20. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, or n-hexyl.
[0098] Embodiment 21. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is ethyl or n-propyl, such as ethyl.
[0099] Embodiment 22. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is independently
[0100] Embodiment 23. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is independently
[0101] Embodiment 24. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A isindependently
[0102] Embodiment 25. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Ra and Rb are each independently or Ra and Rb are each independently
[0103] Embodiment 26. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein at least one of Ra and Rb is
[0104] Embodiment 27. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is independently
[0105] Embodiment 28. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein both Ra and Rb are
[0106] Embodiment 29. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-25 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0107] Embodiment 30. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-25 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0108] Embodiment 31. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-25 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0109] Embodiment 32. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-21 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is Ra and Rb are each independently and R1 and / or R2 are not H.
[0110] Embodiment 33. The compound according to Embodiment 32 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0111] Embodiment 34. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments 1-21 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is and R1 and / or R2 are not H.
[0112] Embodiment 35. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a natural or unnatural amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide being independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, L-merLys, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, D-merLys, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , and sarcosine (Sar) , e.g. L-Glu or D-Glu, e.g. L-Glu, wherein Glu is optionally γGlu.
[0113] Embodiment 36. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a natural or unnatural amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide being independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-Asp, D-Asp, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , and sarcosine (Sar) , e.g. L-Glu or D-Glu, e.g. L-Glu, wherein Glu is optionally γGlu.
[0114] Embodiment 37. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, L-merLys, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, D-merLys, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , or sarcosine (Sar) , e.g. L-Glu or D-Glu, e.g. L-Glu, wherein Glu is optionally γGlu.
[0115] Embodiment 38. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, L-merLys, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, D-merLys, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , and sarcosine (Sar) , e.g. L-Glu or D-Glu, e.g. L-Glu, wherein Glu is optionally γGlu.
[0116] Embodiment 39. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, L-merLys, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, D-merLys, e.g. L-Glu or D-Glu, e.g. L-Glu, wherein Glu is optionally γGlu.
[0117] Embodiment 40. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, or L-merLys, e.g. L-Glu, wherein Glu is optionally γGlu.
[0118] Embodiment 41. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of D-Glu, Gly, GABA, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, or D-merLys, e.g. D-Glu, wherein Glu is optionally γGlu.
[0119] Embodiment 42. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-Asp, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, or L-merLys, such as L-Glu, L-Orn or L-Lys, e.g. L-Glu or D-Glu, e.g. L-Glu, wherein Glu is optionally γGlu; e.g. L-γGlu or D-γGlu, e.g. L-γGlu.
[0120] Embodiment 43. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, and D-Asp, e.g. L-Glu or D-Glu, e.g. L-Glu, wherein Glu is optionally γGlu; e.g. L-γGlu or D-γGlu, e.g. L-γGlu.
[0121] Embodiment 44. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is L / D-Glu-L / D-Glu, L / D-Glu-GABA, L / D-Glu-Gly, (L / D-Glu) 3, L / D-Glu- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Glu) 2-GABA, L / D-Glu- (Gly) 2, (L / D-Glu) 2-Gly, (L / D-Glu) 4, L / D-Glu- (GABA) 3, (L / D-Glu) 2- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Glu) 3-GABA, L / D-Glu- (Gly) 3, (L / D-Glu) 2- (Gly) 2, (L / D-Glu) 3-Gly, L / D-Asp-L / D-Asp, L / D-Asp-GABA, L / D-Asp-Gly, (L / D-Asp) 3, L / D-Asp- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Asp) 2-GABA, L / D-Asp- (Gly) 2, (L / D-Asp) 2-Gly, (L / D-Asp) 4, L / D-Asp- (GABA) 3, (L / D-Asp) 2- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Asp) 3-GABA, L / D-Asp- (Gly) 3, (L / D-Asp) 2- (Gly) 2, or (L / D-Asp) 3-Gly.
[0122] Embodiment 45. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-or - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 3-; such as -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-.
[0123] Embodiment 46. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein U is:
[0124] Embodiment 47. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein q is selected from 1-3, such as q is 1.
[0125] Embodiment 48. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R5 is H.
[0126] Embodiment 49. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0127] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C0-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0128] R2 is H or Me;
[0129] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-to 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl; such as a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or two OH or CH3; such as a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH or CH3; such as pyrrolidinyl or thiazolidinyl, optionally substituted with one or two OH or CH3, such as pyrrolidin-2-yl optionally substituted with one OH (e.g., 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, or pyrrolidin-2-yl) , or 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4S) -4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4S) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl;
[0130] and, R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0131] Embodiment 50. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0132] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0133] R2 is H or Me;
[0134] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-to 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl; such as a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or two OH or CH3; such as a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH or CH3; such as pyrrolidinyl or thiazolidinyl, optionally substituted with one or two OH or CH3, such as pyrrolidin-2-yl optionally substituted with one OH (e.g., 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, or pyrrolidin-2-yl) , or 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4S) -4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4S) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl;
[0135] and, R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;
[0136] for example, R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ; R2 is H or CH3; and R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH; or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH.
[0137] Embodiment 51. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or two OH.
[0138] Embodiment 52. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH.
[0139] Embodiment 53. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form pyrrolidinyl or thiazolidinyl, optionally substituted with one or two OH, such as pyrrolidin-2-yl optionally substituted with one OH (e.g., 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl) , or 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl.
[0140] Embodiment 54. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4S) -4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4S) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl.
[0141] Embodiment 55. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0142] Embodiment 56. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0143] Embodiment 57. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, C1-4 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C0-2 alkylene-phenyl, or -C0-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0144] Embodiment 58. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0145] Embodiment 59. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, CH3, CH2-OH, -CH2-COOH, -CH2-phenyl, -CH2-OH, - (CH2) 4-NH2 or - (CH2) 2-NHC (=NH) NH2.
[0146] Embodiment 60. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, CH3 or CH2-OH.
[0147] Embodiment 61. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H.
[0148] Embodiment 62. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C0-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) , such as C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, or -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, such as C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, such as C1-6 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, such as C1-6 alkyl, C3 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, such as C1-6 alkyl, - (CH2) 3-NHC (=NH) NH2, or -CH2-phenyl, such as C1-6 alkyl.
[0149] Embodiment 63. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) .
[0150] Embodiment 64. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, C1-4 alkyl-NH-C (O) CH3, C1-4 alkyl-S-Me, C1-4 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C0-2 alkylene-phenyl, -C0-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C0-2 alkylene- (5-to 9-membered heteroaryl) , such as C1-4 alkyl.
[0151] Embodiment 65. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, C1-4 alkyl-NH-C (O) CH3, C1-4 alkyl-S-Me, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-2 alkylene- (5-or 9-membered heteroaryl) .
[0152] Embodiment 66. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, CH3, CH2-OH, -CH2-COOH, -CH2-phenyl, -CH2-OH, - (CH2) 4-NH2, - (CH2) 3-NHC (=NH) NH2 or - (CH2) 2-NHC (=NH) NH2, such as CH3, -CH2-phenyl, or - (CH2) 3-NHC (=NH) NH2.
[0153] Embodiment 67. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, CH3 or CH2-OH.
[0154] Embodiment 68. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the heteroaryl of R1 is indolyl (e.g., indol-3-yl) or imidazolyl (e.g., 1H-imidazol-5-yl) .
[0155] Embodiment 69. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R2 is H.
[0156] Embodiment 70. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and / or R2 is not H; such as, either R1 is not H, or R2 is not H, or both R1 and R2 are not H.
[0157] Embodiment 71. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is CH3.
[0158] Embodiment 72. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R2 is CH3.
[0159] Embodiment 73. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-50 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0160] R1, R2 and R3 are each independently H;
[0161] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH.
[0162] Embodiment 74. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-50 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0163] R1 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, -C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ; or R1 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ; R2 is H;
[0164] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a thiazolidinyl;
[0165] and R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0166] Embodiment 75. The compound according to Embodiment 74 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0167] R1 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, -C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 6-membered heteroaryl) ; or R1 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 6-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0168] R2 is H;
[0169] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a thiazolidinyl, such as 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl, such as (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl; such as (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl;
[0170] and R3 is H.
[0171] Embodiment 76. The compound according to Embodiment 74 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0172] R1 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, -C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 6-membered heteroaryl) ; such as R1 is C1-6 alkyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2; such as C1-4 alkyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C2-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2; such as C1-4 alkyl, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, or - (CH2) 3-NHC (=NH) NH2; such as C1-3 alkyl, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl l, or - (CH2) 3-NHC (=NH) NH2; such as C1-2 alkyl, -CH2-phenyl, or - (CH2) 3-NHC (=NH) NH2; such as CH3, -CH2-phenyl, or - (CH2) 3-NHC (=NH) NH2;
[0173] R2 is H;
[0174] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a thiazolidinyl, such as 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl, such as (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl; such as (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl;
[0175] and R3 is H.
[0176] Embodiment 77. The compound according to Embodiment 74 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0177] R1 is C1-6 alkyl or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-4 alkyl or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-4 alkyl or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-3 alkyl or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-2 alkyl or -CH2-phenyl; such as CH3 or -CH2-phenyl;
[0178] R2 is H;
[0179] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a thiazolidinyl, such as 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl, such as (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl; such as (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl;
[0180] and R3 is H.
[0181] Embodiment 78. The compound according to Embodiment 74 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0182] R1 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ; such as C1-6 alkyl or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-4 alkyl or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-4 alkyl or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-3 alkyl or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-2 alkyl or -CH2-phenyl; such as CH3 or -CH2-phenyl;
[0183] R2 is H; and
[0184] R3 is H.
[0185] Embodiment 79. The compound according to Embodiment 74 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0186] R1 is C1-6 alkyl or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-4 alkyl or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-4 alkyl or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-3 alkyl or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-2 alkyl or -CH2-phenyl;
[0187] such as CH3 or -CH2-phenyl;
[0188] R2 is H; and
[0189] R3 is H.
[0190] Embodiment 80. The compound according to Embodiment 74 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0191] R1 is C1-6 alkyl; such as C1-4 alkyl, such as C1-3 alkyl; such as C1-2 alkyl, such as CH3;
[0192] R2 is H; and
[0193] R3 is H.
[0194] Embodiment 81. The compound according to Embodiment 74 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0195] R1 is -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl; such as -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl; such as -CH2-phenyl;
[0196] R2 is H; and
[0197] R3 is H.
[0198] Embodiment 82. The compound according to Embodiment 74 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0199] R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a thiazolidinyl, such as 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl, such as (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl; such as (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl; and
[0200] R3 is H.
[0201] Embodiment 83. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-50 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0202] R1 is H; R2 is H or CH3;
[0203] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a pyrrolidinyl; such as pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl or (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl;
[0204] and R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0205] Embodiment 84. The compound according to Embodiment 83 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0206] R1 is H; R2 is H or CH3;
[0207] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a pyrrolidinyl; such as pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl or (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl;
[0208] and R3 is H.
[0209] Embodiment 85. The compound according to Embodiment 83 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0210] R1 is H; R2 is CH3;
[0211] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a pyrrolidinyl; such as pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl or (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl;
[0212] and R3 is H.
[0213] Embodiment 86. The compound according to Embodiment 83 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein
[0214] R1 is H; R2 is H;
[0215] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a pyrrolidinyl; such as pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl or (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl;
[0216] and R3 is H.
[0217] Embodiment 87. The compound according to Embodiment 83 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a pyrrolidinyl; such as pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl or (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl; and R3 is H.
[0218] Embodiment 88. The compound according to Embodiment 83 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H; R2 is H; and R3 is H.
[0219] Embodiment 89. The compound according to Embodiment 83 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H; R2 is CH3; and R3 is H.
[0220] Embodiment 90. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0221] X is C (O) and Y is C1-6 linear alkylene; or X is NRc, and Y is C2-6 linear alkylene;
[0222] R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A or -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A;
[0223] Z1 is L-Glu, D-Glu, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, Gly, GABA, L-Asp, D-Asp, L-Lys, L-Orn, L-oxyLys, L-oxyOrn, L-homoLys or DAB, such as L-Glu or Orn; wherein Z1 is linked to the -C (O) - (CH2) n-A moiety via an amide bond, and Z1 is linked to X via an amide bond;
[0224] Z2 is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-or - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 3-;
[0225] A is
[0226] S comprises a GLP-1 agonist and the N-terminal amino group of the GLP-1 agonist is linked to the other part of the Formula I via an amide bond; and
[0227] n is selected from 6-20.
[0228] Embodiment 91. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Rc and Rd are each independently H.
[0229] Embodiment 92. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Rc and Rd are each independently C1-3 alkyl, such as methyl or ethyl.
[0230] Embodiment 93. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein S comprises a GLP-1 agonist and its N-terminal amino group is linked to the other part of the Formula I via an amide bond; and said other part of the Formula I is selected from Substituent 1 to Substituent 158 of the Table 1 of the present disclosure.
[0231] Embodiment 94. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein n is selected from 6-20, 8-20, and 12-20.
[0232] Embodiment 95. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein n is selected from 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18, such as 14-18, such as 12, 14, 16 and 18, such as 14, 16 and 18.
[0233] Embodiment 96. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein n is 14.
[0234] Embodiment 97. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein o is 1, 2, 3 or 4 and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4; or o is 1, 2 or 3 and p is 1, 2 or 3; or o is 1 or 2 and p is 1 or 2.
[0235] Embodiment 98. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein q is 1 or 2, such as 1.
[0236] Embodiment 99. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the N-terminal residue of the GLP-1 agonist is His.
[0237] Embodiment 100. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is a GLP-1 analogue.
[0238] Embodiment 101. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is a GLP-1 analogue which has maximum of 3 amino acid changes as compared to GLP-1 (7-37) (SEQ ID NO: 1) .
[0239] Embodiment 102. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is a GLP-1 analogue which has maximum of 2 amino acid changes as compared to GLP-1 (7-37) (SEQ ID NO: 1) .
[0240] Embodiment 103. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the S is a GLP-1 derivative.
[0241] Embodiment 104. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is a prodrug and S is a parent drug.
[0242] Embodiment 105. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein S is semaglutide (SEQ ID NO: 2) , GZR18 (SEQ ID NO: 3) or ecnoglutide (SEQ ID NO: 4) .
[0243] Embodiment 106. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein semaglutide, GZR18 and ecnoglutide have the following chemical structures, respectively:
[0244] Embodiment 107. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is selected from a group consisting of the Prodrug Compound No. 1 to Prodrug Compound No. 155.
[0245] Embodiment 108. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a conversion half-life suitable for once weekly oral dosing or for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) by subcutaneous (S.C. ) injection.
[0246] Embodiment 109. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a conversion half-life of 0.1 to 21 days, such as 0.5 to 21 days, especially 3 to 21 days in vitro; or 0.1 to less than 3 days, such as 0.5 to less than 3 days in vitro.
[0247] Embodiment 110. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 74-82 and 90-107 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is suitable for oral dosing.
[0248] Embodiment 111. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 74-82 and 90-107 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a conversion half-life of less than 3 days, such as, not more than 2 days, such as not more than 1 day (such as 0.1 to less than 3 days, such as 0.5 to less than 3 days, such as 0.1 to 2.8 days, such as 0.5 to 2 days, especially 0.5 to 1 day) in vitro and is suitable for oral dosing, especially suitable for once daily or once weekly (especially once weekly) oral dosing, especially suitable for once weekly oral dosing in human.
[0249] Embodiment 112. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 83-107 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is suitable for subcutaneous injection (such as, resulting in prolonged Tmax and T1 / 2 and / or reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough and / or smooth / flat drug concentration profile of the released parent drug) .
[0250] Embodiment 113. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 83-107 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a conversion half-life of at least 3 days, such as at least 3.5 days, such as at least 4 days, such as at least 6 days, such as 3.5 to 21, 3.5 to 12, 4 to 12, 4 to 10, 5 to 12, 6 to 15, 6 to 12, 3.5 to 9, 4 to 9, 9 to 12, 10 to 12, 10 to 15, or 9 to 21 days in vitro, and is suitable for subcutaneous injection, especially suitable for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection, especially suitable for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection in human.
[0251] Embodiment 114. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 86-88 and 90-107 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a conversion half-life of 3 to 9 days, such as 3.5 to 9 days, such as 4 to 9 days, such as 3.5 to 8 days, such as 4 to 8 days, such as 4 to 7 days in vitro and is suitable for subcutaneous injection, especially suitable for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection, especially suitable for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection in human.
[0252] Embodiment 115. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 89-107 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a conversion half-life of more than 4 days, such as at least 6 days, such as more than 4 to 10 days, such as 5 to 12 days, such as 6 to 15 days, such as 6 to 12 days in vitro, and is suitable for subcutaneous injection, especially suitable for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection, especially suitable for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection in human.
[0253] Embodiment 116. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the parent drug of the compound has a prolonged observed terminal half-life upon administration of the compound.
[0254] Embodiment 117. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the parent drug of the compound has an observed terminal half-life suitable for once weekly oral dosing of the compound or for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) by subcutaneous injection of the compound.
[0255] Embodiment 118. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 74-82, 90-107 and 110-111 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the parent drug of the compound has an observed terminal half-life suitable for once daily or once weekly (especially once weekly) oral dosing of the compound.
[0256] Embodiment 119. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 83-107 and 112-115 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the parent drug of the compound has an observed terminal half-life suitable for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) by subcutaneous injection of the compound.
[0257] Embodiment 120. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a high oral bioavailability.
[0258] Embodiment 121. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the oral bioavailability of the compound is suitable for once weekly oral dosing or for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) by subcutaneous injection.
[0259] Embodiment 122. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is:
[0260] Embodiment 123. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-121 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0261] Embodiment 124. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-122 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use as a medicament.
[0262] Embodiment 125. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-122 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use in the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or in weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , in chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , in the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) .
[0263] Embodiment 126. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-122 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use in the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or in weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , in chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , in the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , optionally by subcutaneous injection.
[0264] Embodiment 127. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 74-82, 90-107, 110-111, 118, and 122 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use in the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or in weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , in chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , in the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , by oral dosing, especially by once daily or once weekly (especially once weekly) oral dosing.
[0265] Embodiment 128. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 83-107, 112-115 and 119 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use in the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or in weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , in chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , in the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , by subcutaneous injection, especially by once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection.
[0266] Embodiment 129. Use of the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-122 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) .
[0267] Embodiment 130. Use of the compound of any one of Embodiments 74-82, 90-107, 110-111, 118 and 122 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , by oral dosing, especially by once daily or once weekly (especially once weekly) oral dosing.
[0268] Embodiment 131. Use of the compound of any one of Embodiments 83-107, 112-115 and 119 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , by subcutaneous injection, especially by once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection.
[0269] Embodiment 132. Use of the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-122 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) .
[0270] Embodiment 133. Use of the compound of any one of Embodiments 74-82, 90-107, 110-111, 118 and 122 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , by once daily or once weekly (especially once weekly) oral dosing.
[0271] Embodiment 134. Use of the compound of any one of Embodiments 83-107, 112-115 and 119 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , by subcutaneous injection, especially by once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection.
[0272] Embodiment 135. A method for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-122 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof.
[0273] Embodiment 136. A method for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound of any one of Embodiments 74-82, 90-107, 110-111, 118 and 122 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, by once daily or once weekly (especially once weekly) oral dosing.
[0274] Embodiment 137. A method for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound of any one of Embodiments 83-107, 112-115 and 119 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, by subcutaneous injection, especially by once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection.
[0275] Embodiment 138. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , comprising the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-122 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0276] Embodiment 139. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , by oral dosing, especially by once daily or once weekly (especially once weekly) oral dosing, comprising the compound of any one of Embodiments 74-82, 90-107, 110-111, 118 and 122 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0277] Embodiment 140. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , by subcutaneous injection, comprising the compound of any one of Embodiments 83-107, 112-115 and 119 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, especially by once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection.
[0278] Embodiment 141. A compound of Formula II:
[0279] or a salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0280] LG is a leaving group of a nucleophilic substitution reaction / peptide coupling reaction, such as OH, Cl, O (CH2) 0-10CH3, imidazol-1-yl, 2, 5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl, or 1, 3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl;
[0281] X is as defined in any one of Embodiments 1-121;
[0282] R1’ , R2’ , R3’ and Y’ are R1, R2, R3 and Y as defined in any one of Embodiments 1-121, respectively, wherein an amine, amide, carboxylic acid, hydroxy and / or thiol groups thereof, if any, are optionally protected by a protecting group; and
[0283] R4’ is:
[0284] (1) R4 as defined in any one of Embodiments 1-121;
[0285] (2) -Z1’ ;
[0286] (3) -Z2’ ;
[0287] (4) -Z2-Z1’ ;
[0288] (5) -U (H) 2;
[0289] (6) -U (-Z1’ ) 2, -U (-Z2-Z1’ ) 2, -U (-Z2’ ) 2;
[0290] wherein:
[0291] -Z1’ is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue corresponding to Z1 in any one of Embodiments 1-121;
[0292] -Z2’ , which is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH2, HOC (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, (-C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 1-3-C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH2, HOC (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH- (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 1-3-, -NH- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH2 or H2N- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH-;
[0293] -Z2-and -U-are as defined in any one of Embodiments 1-121, respectively;
[0294] and wherein an amine, amide, carboxylic acid, hydroxy and / or thiol groups of R4’ , if any, are optionally protected by a protecting group;
[0295] or, R4’ -X’ forms NH2, C (O) OH or NHC (O) NH2, which is optionally protected by a protecting group;
[0296] with the proviso that at least one of A from R4, if any, is not COOH, when R1’ , R2’a nd R3’a re all H, especially at least one of A from R4, if any, is not COOH, when both R1 and R2 are H; or with the proviso that at least one of R1’ , R2’a nd R3’ is not H, when R4’ -X’ forms NH2, C (O) OH or NHC (O) NH2, especially at least one of R1’a nd R2’ is not H, when R4’ -X’ forms NH2, C (O) OH or NHC (O) NH2.
[0297] Embodiment 142. The compound according to Embodiment 140, wherein at least one of A, if any, is not COOH, when both R1’a nd R2’a re H; or with the proviso that at least one of R1’a nd R2’ is not H, when R4’ -X’ forms NH2, C (O) OH or NHC (O) NH2.
[0298] Embodiment 143. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 140-141, wherein a protecting group is selected from Fmoc, Boc, tert-butyl, and trityl groups.
[0299] Embodiments of the Disclosure: Part B
[0300] Embodiment 1. A compound of Formula I-B:
[0301] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof,
[0302] wherein:
[0303] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C0-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0304] R2 is Hor Me;
[0305] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl;
[0306] R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;
[0307] X is NRc, C (O) or C (O) NH;
[0308] Y is C1-10 alkylene when X is C (O) , or Y is C2-10 alkylene when X is NRc or C (O) NH, wherein one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene are optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, and the alkylene is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, OH, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, and -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0309] R4 is:
[0310] -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -Z2-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -CH2- (CH2) n-A, -U (-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-C (O) - (CH2) n-A)2,
[0311] -U (-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-Z2-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A) 2, or -U (-Z2-CH2- (CH2) n-A) 2, wherein R4 is linked to X via an amide bond;
[0312] Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue;
[0313] Z2 is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-4-, or -NH- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH-;
[0314] wherein when Z1 or Z2 is linked to the -C (O) - (CH2) n-A moiety, then they are linked via an amide bond, respectively; when Z1 or Z2 is linked to either X or U, then they are linked via an amide bond, respectively; and when Z1 is linked to Z2, then Z1 is linked to the -NH-of Z2 via an amide bond, and Z2 is linked to the N atom of X or U via an amide bond;
[0315] U is:
[0316] wherein the ---side of U is linked to Z1, Z2 or -C (O) - (CH2) n-A , and the side is linked to X via an amide bond;
[0317] A is independently
[0318] Ra and Rb are each independently
[0319] R5, Rc and Rd are each independently H or C1-6 alkyl;
[0320] S comprises a GLP-1 agonist, and the N-terminal amino group of the agonist is linked to the other part of the Formula I-B via an amide bond;
[0321] n is selected from 1-20;
[0322] o and p are each independently selected from 1-6;
[0323] q is selected from 1-6;
[0324] with the proviso that at least one of A is not COOH, when R1, R2 and R3 are all H.
[0325] Embodiment 2. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A, or -Z2-CH2- (CH2) n-A.
[0326] Embodiment 3. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A or -C (O) - (CH2) n-A.
[0327] Embodiment 4. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A or -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A;
[0328] such as R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-4-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, or -NH- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A; such as -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A.
[0329] Embodiment 5. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NRc or C (O) .
[0330] Embodiment 6. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is C (O) .
[0331] Embodiment 7. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein X is C (O) , and Y is C1-10 alkylene, such as linear C1-10 alkylene, wherein one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene are optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.
[0332] Embodiment 8. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments 1-4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein X is NRc or C (O) NH, and Y is C2-10 alkylene, such as linear C2-10 alkylene, wherein one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene are optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.
[0333] Embodiment 9. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is - (CH2) 1-2-O- (CH2) 2-3-, - (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 1-2-, - (CH2) 1-2-O- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-, - (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 1-2-, - (CH2) 1-2-O- (CH2) 2-3-NH- (CH2) 2-3-, - (CH2) 1-2-NH- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-or - (CH2) 1-2-NH- (CH2) 2-3-NH- (CH2) 2-3-, such as -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-, - (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-, -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-, - (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-or - (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH- (CH2) 2-.
[0334] Embodiment 10. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments 1-4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein X is C (O) , and Y is C1-10 alkylene optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl, such as Y is - (CH2) 1-10-, such as Y is CH2.
[0335] Embodiment 11. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments 1-4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein X is NRc or C (O) NH, and Y is C2-10 alkylene optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl, such as Y is - (CH2) 2-10-, such as Y is - (CH2) 2-.
[0336] Embodiment 12. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NRc.
[0337] Embodiment 13. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein at least one of A is not COOH, when R1 and R2 are both H.
[0338] Embodiment 14. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0339] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0340] R2 is H or Me;
[0341] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl;
[0342] R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;
[0343] X is NRc;
[0344] Y is C2-10 alkylene, optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, OH, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, and -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0345] R4 is: -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A;
[0346] Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue; wherein Z1 is linked to the -C (O) - (CH2) n-A moiety via an amide bond, and Z1 is linked to X via an amide bond;
[0347] A is
[0348] Ra and Rb are each independently
[0349] Rc and Rd are each independently H or C1-6 alkyl;
[0350] S comprises a GLP-1 agonist and the N-terminal amino group of the GLP-1 agonist is linked to the other part of the Formula I-B via an amide bond;
[0351] n is selected from 1-20; and
[0352] o and p are each independently selected from 1-6;
[0353] with the proviso that A is not COOH, when both R1 and R2 are H.
[0354] Embodiment 15. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NH.
[0355] Embodiment 16. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is C2-10 alkylene, optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl.
[0356] Embodiment 17. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is linear C2-8 alkylene, optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl.
[0357] Embodiment 18. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is linear C2-8 alkylene.
[0358] Embodiment 19. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is linear C2-6 alkylene.
[0359] Embodiment 20. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, or n-hexyl.
[0360] Embodiment 21. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is ethyl or n-propyl, such as ethyl.
[0361] Embodiment 22. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is independently
[0362] Embodiment 23. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is independently
[0363] Embodiment 24. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A isindependently
[0364] Embodiment 25. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Ra and Rb are each independently or Ra and Rb are each independently
[0365] Embodiment 26. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein at least one of Ra and Rb is
[0366] Embodiment 27. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is independently
[0367] Embodiment 28. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein both Ra and Rb are
[0368] Embodiment 29. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-25 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0369] Embodiment 30. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-25 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0370] Embodiment 31. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-25 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0371] Embodiment 32. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-21 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is Ra and Rb are each independently and R1 and / or R2 are not H.
[0372] Embodiment 33. The compound according to Embodiment 32 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0373] Embodiment 34. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments 1-21 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is and R1 and / or R2 are not H.
[0374] Embodiment 35. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a natural or unnatural amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide being independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, L-merLys, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, D-merLys, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , and sarcosine (Sar) .
[0375] Embodiment 36. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a natural or unnatural amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide being independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-Asp, D-Asp, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , and sarcosine (Sar) .
[0376] Embodiment 37. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, L-merLys, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, D-merLys, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , or sarcosine (Sar) .
[0377] Embodiment 38. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, L-merLys, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, D-merLys, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , and sarcosine (Sar) .
[0378] Embodiment 39. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, L-merLys, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, D-merLys.
[0379] Embodiment 40. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, or L-merLys.
[0380] Embodiment 41. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of D-Glu, Gly, GABA, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, or D-merLys.
[0381] Embodiment 42. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-Asp, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, or L-merLys, such as L-Glu, L-Orn or L-Lys.
[0382] Embodiment 43. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, and D-Asp.
[0383] Embodiment 44. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is L / D-Glu-L / D-Glu, L / D-Glu-GABA, L / D-Glu-Gly, (L / D-Glu) 3, L / D-Glu- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Glu) 2-GABA, L / D-Glu- (Gly) 2, (L / D-Glu) 2-Gly, (L / D-Glu) 4, L / D-Glu- (GABA) 3, (L / D-Glu) 2- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Glu) 3-GABA, L / D-Glu- (Gly) 3, (L / D-Glu) 2- (Gly) 2, (L / D-Glu) 3-Gly, L / D-Asp-L / D-Asp, L / D-Asp-GABA, L / D-Asp-Gly, (L / D-Asp) 3, L / D-Asp- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Asp) 2-GABA, L / D-Asp- (Gly) 2, (L / D-Asp) 2-Gly, (L / D-Asp) 4, L / D-Asp- (GABA) 3, (L / D-Asp) 2- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Asp) 3-GABA, L / D-Asp- (Gly) 3, (L / D-Asp) 2- (Gly) 2, or (L / D-Asp) 3-Gly.
[0384] Embodiment 45. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-or - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 3-; such as -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-.
[0385] Embodiment 46. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein U is:
[0386] Embodiment 47. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein q is selected from 1-3, such as q is 1.
[0387] Embodiment 48. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R5 is H.
[0388] Embodiment 49. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0389] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C0-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0390] R2 is H or Me;
[0391] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-to 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl; such as a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or two OH; such as a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH; such as pyrrolidinyl or thiazolidinyl, optionally substituted with one or two OH, such as pyrrolidin-2-yl optionally substituted with one OH (e.g., 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl) , or 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4S) -4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4S) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl;
[0392] and, R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0393] Embodiment 50. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0394] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0395] R2 is H or Me;
[0396] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-to 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl; such as a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or two OH; such as a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH; such as pyrrolidinyl or thiazolidinyl, optionally substituted with one or two OH, such as pyrrolidin-2-yl optionally substituted with one OH (e.g., 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl) , or 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4S) -4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4S) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl;
[0397] and, R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;
[0398] for example, R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ; R2 is H or CH3; and R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;
[0399] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH.
[0400] Embodiment 51. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or two OH.
[0401] Embodiment 52. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH.
[0402] Embodiment 53. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form pyrrolidinyl or thiazolidinyl, optionally substituted with one or two OH, such as pyrrolidin-2-yl optionally substituted with one OH (e.g., 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl) , or 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl.
[0403] Embodiment 54. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4S) -4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4S) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl.
[0404] Embodiment 55. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0405] Embodiment 56. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0406] Embodiment 57. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, C1-4 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C0-2 alkylene-phenyl, or -C0-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0407] Embodiment 58. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0408] Embodiment 59. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, CH3, CH2-OH, -CH2-COOH, -CH2-phenyl, -CH2-OH, - (CH2) 4-NH2 or - (CH2) 2-NHC (=NH) NH2.
[0409] Embodiment 60. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, CH3 or CH2-OH.
[0410] Embodiment 61. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H.
[0411] Embodiment 62. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C0-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) , such as C1-6 alkyl.
[0412] Embodiment 63. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) .
[0413] Embodiment 64. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, C1-4 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C0-2 alkylene-phenyl, -C0-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C0-2 alkylene- (5-to 9-membered heteroaryl) , such as C1-4 alkyl.
[0414] Embodiment 65. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-2 alkylene- (5-or 9-membered heteroaryl) .
[0415] Embodiment 66. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, CH3, CH2-OH, -CH2-COOH, -CH2-phenyl, -CH2-OH, - (CH2) 4-NH2 or - (CH2) 2-NHC (=NH) NH2.
[0416] Embodiment 67. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, CH3 or CH2-OH.
[0417] Embodiment 68. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the heteroaryl is indolyl (e.g., indol-3-yl) or imidazolyl (e.g., 1H-imidazol-5-yl) .
[0418] Embodiment 69. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R2 is H or Me.
[0419] Embodiment 70. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R2 is H.
[0420] Embodiment 71. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and / or R2 is not H; such as, either R1 is not H, or R2 is not H, or both R1 and R2 are not H.
[0421] Embodiment 72. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is CH3.
[0422] Embodiment 73. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R2 is CH3.
[0423] Embodiment 74. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-50 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0424] R1, R2 and R3 are each independently H;
[0425] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH.
[0426] Embodiment 75. The compound according to any one of Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0427] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C0-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ; such as R1 is H or C1-6 alkyl;
[0428] R2 is Hor Me;
[0429] R3 is H;
[0430] X is C (O) and Y is C1-6 linear alkylene; or X is NRc, and Y is C2-6 linear alkylene;
[0431] R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A or -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A;
[0432] Z1 is L-Glu, D-Glu, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, Gly, GABA, L-Asp, D-Asp, L-Lys, L-Orn, L-oxyLys, L-oxyOrn, L-homoLys or DAB, such as L-Glu or Orn; wherein Z1 is linked to the -C (O) - (CH2) n-A moiety via an amide bond, and Z1 is linked to X via an amide bond;
[0433] Z2 is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-or - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 3-;
[0434] A is
[0435] S comprises a GLP-1 agonist and the N-terminal amino group of the GLP-1 agonist is linked to the other part of the Formula I-B via an amide bond; and
[0436] n is selected from 6-20.
[0437] Embodiment 76. The compound according to any one of Embodiment 75 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and / or R2 is not H.
[0438] Embodiment 77. The compound according to any one of Embodiment 75 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein both R1 and R2 are H.
[0439] Embodiment 78. The compound according to any one of Embodiment 75 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH.
[0440] Embodiment 79. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Rc and Rd are each independently H.
[0441] Embodiment 80. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Rc and Rd are each independently C1-3 alkyl, such as methyl or ethyl.
[0442] Embodiment 81. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein S comprises a GLP-1 agonist and its N-terminal amino group is linked to the other part of the Formula I-B via an amide bond; and said other part of the Formula I-B is selected from Substituent 1 to Substituent 362 of the Table 1 of the present disclosure.
[0443] Embodiment 82. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein n is selected from 6-20, 8-20, and 12-20.
[0444] Embodiment 83. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein n is selected from 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18.
[0445] Embodiment 84. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein n is 14.
[0446] Embodiment 85. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein o is 1, 2, 3 or 4 and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4; or o is 1, 2 or 3 and p is 1, 2 or 3; or o is 1 or 2 and p is 1 or 2.
[0447] Embodiment 86. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein q is 1 or 2, such as 1.
[0448] Embodiment 87. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the N-terminal residue of the GLP-1 agonist is His.
[0449] Embodiment 88. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is a GLP-1 analogue.
[0450] Embodiment 89. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the S is a GLP-1 derivative.
[0451] Embodiment 90. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is a prodrug and S is a parent drug.
[0452] Embodiment 91. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein S is semaglutide ecnoglutide or GZR18.
[0453] Embodiment 92. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the parent drug has a conversion half-life suitable for once weekly oral dosing or for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. triweekly or monthly) by subcutaneous (S.C. ) injection.
[0454] Embodiment 93. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the parent drug has a prolonged observed terminal half-life upon administration of the prodrug.
[0455] Embodiment 94. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the parent drug has an observed terminal half-life suitable for once daily or weekly oral dosing or for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. triweekly or monthly) by subcutaneous (S.C. ) injection.
[0456] Embodiment 95. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a high oral bioavailability
[0457] Embodiment 96. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the oral bioavailability is suitable for once weekly oral dosing or for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. triweekly or monthly) by subcutaneous (S.C. ) injection.
[0458] Embodiment 97. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein semaglutide, ecnoglutide and GZR18 have the following chemical structures, respectively:
[0459] Embodiment 98. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is selected from a group consisting of the Prodrug Compound No. 1 to Prodrug Compound No. 155.
[0460] Embodiment 99. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-100 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0461] Embodiment 100. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-100 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use as a medicament.
[0462] Embodiment 101. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-100 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use in the treatment or prevention of (i) diabetes, (ii) obesity, (iii) metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , (iv) cardiovascular disease, (v) neurodegenerative disorders, (vi) chronic kidney disease (CKD) , (vii) diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , (viii) peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or (ix) heart failure (HF) .
[0463] Embodiment 102. Use of the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-98 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing (i) diabetes, (ii) obesity, (iii) metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , (iv) cardiovascular disease, (v) neurodegenerative disorders, (vi) chronic kidney disease (CKD) , (vii) diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , (viii) peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or (ix) heart failure (HF) .
[0464] Embodiment 103. Use of the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-98 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for treating or preventing (i) diabetes, (ii) obesity, (iii) metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , (iv) cardiovascular disease, (v) neurodegenerative disorders, (vi) chronic kidney disease (CKD) , (vii) diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , (viii) peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or (ix) heart failure (HF) .
[0465] Embodiment 104. A method for treating or preventing (i) diabetes, (ii) obesity, (iii) metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , (iv) cardiovascular disease, (v) neurodegenerative disorders, (vi) chronic kidney disease (CKD) , (vii) diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , (viii) peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or (ix) heart failure (HF) , in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-100 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof.
[0466] Embodiment 105. A pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing (i) diabetes, (ii) obesity, (iii) metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , (iv) cardiovascular disease, (v) neurodegenerative disorders, (vi) chronic kidney disease (CKD) , (vii) diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , (viii) peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or (ix) heart failure (HF) , comprising the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-100 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0467] Embodiment 106. A compound of Formula II-B:
[0468] or a salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0469] LG is a leaving group of a nucleophilic substitution reaction / peptide coupling reaction, such as OH, Cl, O (CH2) 0-10CH3, imidazol-1-yl, 2, 5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl, or 1, 3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl;
[0470] X is as defined in any one of the previous embodiments 1-100;
[0471] R1’ , R2’ , R3’a nd Y’a re R1, R2, R3 and Y as defined in any one of the previous embodiments 1-100, respectively, wherein an amine, amide, carboxylic acid, hydroxy and / or thiol groups thereof, if any, are optionally protected by a protecting group; and
[0472] R4’ is:
[0473] (1) R4 as defined in any one of the previous embodiments 1-100;
[0474] (2) -Z1’ ;
[0475] (3) -Z2’ ;
[0476] (4) -Z2-Z1’;
[0477] (5) -U (H) 2;
[0478] (6) -U (-Z1’ ) 2, -U (-Z2-Z1’ ) 2, -U (-Z2’ ) 2;
[0479] wherein:
[0480] -Z1’ is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue corresponding to Z1 in any one of the previous embodiments 1-100;
[0481] -Z2’ , which is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH2, HOC (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, (-C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 1-3-C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH2, HOC (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH- (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 1-3-, -NH- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH2 or H2N- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH-;
[0482] -Z2-and -U-are as defined in any one of the previous embodiments 1-100, respectively;
[0483] and wherein an amine, amide, carboxylic acid, hydroxy and / or thiol groups of R4’ , if any, are optionally protected by a protecting group;
[0484] or, R4’ -X’ forms NH2, C (O) OH or NHC (O) NH2, which is optionally protected by a protecting group;
[0485] with the proviso that at least one of A from R4, if any, is not COOH, when R1’ , R2’a nd R3’a re all H; or with the proviso that at least one of R1’ , R2’a nd R3’ is not H, when R4’ -X’ forms NH2, C (O) OH or NHC (O) NH2.
[0486] Embodiment 107. The compound according to Embodiment 108, wherein at least one of A, if any, is not COOH, when both R1’a nd R2’a re H; or with the proviso that at least one of R1’a nd R2’ is not H, when R4’ -X’ forms NH2, C (O) OH or NHC (O) NH2.
[0487] Embodiment 108. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 108-109, wherein a protecting group is selected from Fmoc, Boc, tert-butyl, and trityl groups.
[0488] Embodiments of the Disclosure: Part C
[0489] Embodiment 1. A compound of Formula I-C:
[0490] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof,
[0491] wherein:
[0492] A is
[0493] X is NRc, O, S or CRcRd;
[0494] Y is C2-10 alkylene, optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, OH, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, and -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0495] Z is of a formula -Z1-Z2-, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, and Z2 is a single bond or -NH-C2-10 alkylene-with one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene being optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;
[0496] wherein Z1 is linked to the A- (CH2) n-C (O) -moiety via an amide bond; and wherein when Z2 is a single bond, then X is NRc and Z1 is linked to X via an amide bond, and when Z2 is -NH-C2-10 alkylene-, then Z1 is linked to the -NH-of Z2 via an amide bond;
[0497] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;
[0498] R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;
[0499] R2 is H or Me;
[0500] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl;
[0501] Ra and Rb are each independently
[0502] Rc and Rd are each independently H or C1-6 alkyl;
[0503] S comprises a GLP-1 polypeptide and the N-terminal amino group of the GLP-1 polypeptide is linked to the other part of the Formula I-C via an amide bond;
[0504] n is selected from 1-20; and
[0505] o and p are each independently selected from 1-6;
[0506] Embodiment 2. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NRc or O.
[0507] Embodiment 3. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NRc.
[0508] Embodiment 4. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NH.
[0509] Embodiment 5. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is O.
[0510] Embodiment 6. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is
[0511] Embodiment 7. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is
[0512] Embodiment 8. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is
[0513] Embodiment 9. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NH or O, and A is
[0514] Embodiment 10. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NH, and A is
[0515] Embodiment 11. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is NH, A is and Z2 is a single bond.
[0516] Embodiment 12. The compound according to Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is O, A is and Z2 is -NH-C2-10 alkylene-with one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene being optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.
[0517] Embodiment 13. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Ra and Rb are each independently Ra and Rb are each independently
[0518] Embodiment 14. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein at least one of Ra and Rb is
[0519] Embodiment 15. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is
[0520] Embodiment 16. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein both Ra and Rb are
[0521] Embodiment 17. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-13 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0522] Embodiment 18. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-13 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0523] Embodiment 19. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0524] Embodiment 20. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-5 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is and Ra and Rb are each independently
[0525] Embodiment 21. The compound according to Embodiment 20 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein is
[0526] Embodiment 22. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide being independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-Asp, D-Asp, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , and sarcosine (Sar) .
[0527] Embodiment 23. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-Asp, D-Asp, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , or sarcosine (Sar) .
[0528] Embodiment 24. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-Asp, D-Asp, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , and sarcosine (Sar) .
[0529] Embodiment 25. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-Asp, and D-Asp.
[0530] Embodiment 26. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, Gly, GABA, and L-Asp.
[0531] Embodiment 27. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of D-Glu, Gly, GABA, and D-Asp.
[0532] Embodiment 28. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-Asp, or D-Asp, such as L-Glu.
[0533] Embodiment 29. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-Asp, and D-Asp.
[0534] Embodiment 30. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is L / D-Glu-L / D-Glu, L / D-Glu-GABA, L / D-Glu-Gly, (L / D-Glu) 3, L / D-Glu- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Glu) 2-GABA, L / D-Glu- (Gly) 2, (L / D-Glu) 2-Gly, (L / D-Glu) 4, L / D-Glu- (GABA) 3, (L / D-Glu) 2- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Glu) 3-GABA, L / D-Glu- (Gly) 3, (L / D-Glu) 2- (Gly) 2, (L / D-Glu) 3-Gly, L / D-Asp-L / D-Asp, L / D-Asp-GABA, L / D-Asp-Gly, (L / D-Asp) 3, L / D-Asp- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Asp) 2-GABA, L / D-Asp- (Gly) 2, (L / D-Asp) 2-Gly, (L / D-Asp) 4, L / D-Asp- (GABA) 3, (L / D-Asp) 2- (GABA) 2, (L / D-Asp) 3-GABA, L / D-Asp- (Gly) 3, (L / D-Asp) 2- (Gly) 2, or (L / D-Asp) 3-Gly.
[0535] Embodiment 31. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is a single bond and X is NRc; or Z2 is -NH-C2-10 alkylene-with one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene being optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, such as oxygen, and X is NRc or O.
[0536] Embodiment 32. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is a single bond and X is NRc; or Z2 is -NH-C2-10 linear alkylene-with one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene being optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, such as oxygen, and X is NRc or O.
[0537] Embodiment 33. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is a single bond and X is NRc; or Z2 is -NH-linear C2-10 alkylene-with one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene being optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, such as oxygen, and X is NRc or O, such as O.
[0538] Embodiment 34. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is a single bond and X is NRc; or Z2 is -NH-linear C2-8 alkylene-with one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene being optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, such as oxygen, and X is NRc or O, such as O.
[0539] Embodiment 35. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is a single bond and X is NRc; or Z2 is -NH-linear C2-8 alkylene-with one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene being optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, and X is NRc or O, such as O.
[0540] Embodiment 36. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is a single bond and X is NRc; or Z2 is -NH-linear C2-6 alkylene-with one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene being optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, and X is NRc or O, such as O.
[0541] Embodiment 37. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is a single bond and X is NRc; or Z2 is -NH-ethylene-, -NH-n-propylene-, -NH-n-butylene-, -NH-n-pentylene-, -NH-n-hexylene-, -NH- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-, -NH- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-, and X is NRc or O, such as O.
[0542] Embodiment 38. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is a single bond and X is NH; or Z2 is -NH-ethylene-, -NH-n-propylene-, -NH-n-butylene-, -NH-n-pentylene-, -NH-n-hexylene-, -NH- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-, -NH- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-, and X is O.
[0543] Embodiment 39. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is a single bond, and X is NRc, such as NH.
[0544] Embodiment 40. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is C2-10 alkylene, optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl.
[0545] Embodiment 41. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is linear C2-8 alkylene, optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl.
[0546] Embodiment 42. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is linear C2-8 alkylene.
[0547] Embodiment 43. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is linear C2-6 alkylene.
[0548] Embodiment 44. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, or n-hexyl.
[0549] Embodiment 45. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is ethyl or n-propyl, such as ethyl.
[0550] Embodiment 46. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0551] R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ; and
[0552] R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH; and
[0553] R2 is H or Me;
[0554] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-to 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl; such as a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or two OH; such as a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH; such as pyrrolidinyl or thiazolidinyl, optionally substituted with one or two OH, such as pyrrolidin-2-yl optionally substituted with one OH (e.g., 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl) , or 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4S) -4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4S) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl.
[0555] Embodiment 47. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or two OH.
[0556] Embodiment 48. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH.
[0557] Embodiment 49. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form pyrrolidinyl or thiazolidinyl, optionally substituted with one or two OH, such as pyrrolidin-2-yl optionally substituted with one OH (e.g., 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl) , or 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl.
[0558] Embodiment 50. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4S) -4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2S, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4S) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (2R, 4R) 4-hydroxyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl, (S) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl or (R) -1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl.
[0559] Embodiment 51. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0560] Embodiment 52. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0561] Embodiment 53. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH.
[0562] Embodiment 54. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R3 is H, CH3 or CH2-OH.
[0563] Embodiment 55. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) .
[0564] Embodiment 56. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-2 alkylene- (5-to 9-membered heteroaryl) .
[0565] Embodiment 57. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkyl-OH, C1-4 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-2C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-2C (O) NRcRd, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-2 alkylene- (5-or 9-membered heteroaryl) .
[0566] Embodiment 58. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R1 is H, CH3 or CH2-OH.
[0567] Embodiment 59. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the heteroaryl is indolyl (e.g., indol-3-yl) or imidazolyl (e.g., 1H-imidazol-5-yl) .
[0568] The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein R2 is H or Me.
[0569] Embodiment 60. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-46 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0570] R1, R2 and R3 are each independently H;
[0571] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH.
[0572] Embodiment 61. The compound according to any one of Embodiment 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:
[0573] A is
[0574] X is NRc;
[0575] Y is C2-6 linear alkylene;
[0576] Z is of a formula -Z1-Z2-, wherein Z1 is L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-Asp, or D-Asp, such as L-Glu, and Z2 is a single bond; and
[0577] R1, R2 and R3 are each independently H;
[0578] or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 5-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one OH.
[0579] Embodiment 62. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Rc and Rd are each independently H.
[0580] Embodiment 63. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Rc and Rd are each independently C1-3 alkyl, such as methyl or ethyl.
[0581] Embodiment 64. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein S comprises a GLP-1 polypeptide and its N-terminal amino group is linked to the other part of the Formula I-C via an amide bond; and said other part of the Formula I-C is selected from Substituent 1 to Substituent 162 of the Table 1 of the present disclosure.
[0582] Embodiment 65. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein n is selected from 6-20, 8-19, and 12-18.
[0583] Embodiment 66. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein n is selected from 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18.
[0584] Embodiment 67. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein n is 14.
[0585] Embodiment 68. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein o is 1, 2, 3 or 4 and p is 1, 2, 3 or 4; or o is 1, 2 or 3 and p is 1, 2 or 3; or o is 1 or 2 and p is 1 or 2.
[0586] Embodiment 69. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the N-terminal residue of the GLP-1 polypeptide is His.
[0587] Embodiment 70. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the GLP-1 polypeptide is a GLP-1 analogue.
[0588] Embodiment 71. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the S is a GLP-1 derivative.
[0589] Embodiment 72. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is a prodrug and S is a parent drug.
[0590] Embodiment 73. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein S is semaglutide.
[0591] Embodiment 74. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a conversion half-life.
[0592] Embodiment 75. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the conversion half-life is a prodrug to drug conversion half-life.
[0593] Embodiment 76. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the parent drug has a conversion half-life suitable for once weekly oral dosing or for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. triweekly or monthly) by subcutaneous (S.C. ) injection.
[0594] Embodiment 77. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the parent drug has an observed terminal half-life upon administration of the prodrug.
[0595] Embodiment 78. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the parent drug has an observed terminal half-life suitable for once daily or weekly oral dosing or for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. triweekly or monthly) by subcutaneous (S.C. ) injection.
[0596] Embodiment 79. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a high oral bioavailability
[0597] Embodiment 80. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the oral bioavailability is suitable for once weekly oral dosing or for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. triweekly or monthly) by subcutaneous (S.C. ) injection.
[0598] Embodiment 81. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein semaglutide has the following chemical structure
[0599] Embodiment 82. The compound according to any one of the previous embodiments or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is selected from a group consisting of the Prodrug Compound No. 1 to Prodrug Compound No. 155.
[0600] Embodiment 83. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-82 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0601] Embodiment 84. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-82 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use as a medicament.
[0602] Embodiment 85. The compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-82 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use in the treatment or prevention of (i) diabetes, (ii) obesity, (iii) metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , (iv) cardiovascular disease, (v) neurodegenerative disorders, (vi) chronic kidney disease (CKD) , (vii) diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , (viii) peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or (ix) heart failure (HF) .
[0603] Embodiment 86. Use of the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-82 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing (i) diabetes, (ii) obesity, (iii) metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , (iv) cardiovascular disease, (v) neurodegenerative disorders, (vi) chronic kidney disease (CKD) , (vii) diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , (viii) peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or (ix) heart failure (HF) .
[0604] Embodiment 87. Use of the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-82 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for treating or preventing (i) diabetes, (ii) obesity, (iii) metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , (iv) cardiovascular disease, (v) neurodegenerative disorders, (vi) chronic kidney disease (CKD) , (vii) diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , (viii) peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or (ix) heart failure (HF) .
[0605] Embodiment 88. A method for treating or preventing (i) diabetes, (ii) obesity, (iii) metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , (iv) cardiovascular disease, (v) neurodegenerative disorders, (vi) chronic kidney disease (CKD) , (vii) diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , (viii) peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or (ix) heart failure (HF) , in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-86 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof.
[0606] Embodiment 89. A pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing (i) diabetes, (ii) obesity, (iii) metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , (iv) cardiovascular disease, (v) neurodegenerative disorders, (vi) chronic kidney disease (CKD) , (vii) diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , (viii) peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or (ix) heart failure (HF) , comprising the compound of any one of Embodiments 1-86 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0607] General definitions
[0608] In what follows, Greek letters may be represented by their symbol or the corresponding written name, e.g.: a=alpha; β=beta; γ=gamma; ε=epsilon; o=omega; etc. In what follows, unless otherwise indicated in the specification, terms presented in singular form also include the plural situation, e.g. when referring to the “compound” , it is to be understood that this embraces all individual variants falling within a broad definition of said compound.
[0609] The “include” , “comprise” , “contain” and variations of them as used herein are intended to indicate the presence of the mentioned features, components or steps, but they do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, components or steps. Unless otherwise specified, the “include” , “comprise” or “contain” used herein encompasses the situation consisting of the mentioned features, components or steps.
[0610] The term “compound” as used herein refers to a molecular entity, and “compounds” may thus have different structural elements besides the minimum element defined for each compound or group of compounds. The term compound is used interchangeably with the term “construct” .
[0611] The term “polypeptide” or “polypeptide sequence” , as used herein refers to a compound which comprises a series of two or more amino acids interconnected via amide (or peptide) bonds. The term polypeptide is used interchangeably with the term “peptide” and the term “protein” .
[0612] The term "analogue” as used herein generally refers to a polypeptide, the sequence of which has one or more amino acid changes as compared to a reference amino acid sequence.
[0613] As used herein, “alkyl” means a linear or branched chain monovalent saturated hydrocarbon moiety, such as those containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms (C1-6) , 1-4 carbon atoms (C1-4) or 1-3 carbon atoms (C1-3) . For example, “C1-6 alkyl” refers to the alkyl having 1-6 (including 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) carbon atoms. Representative C1-6 alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl and the like.
[0614] As used herein, “alkylene” refers to a linear or branched chain divalent saturated hydrocarbon moiety, such as C2-10 alkylene, C2-8 alkylene, C2-6 alkylene, C2-4 alkylene, C1-3 alkylene, C1-2 alkylene. A “C2-10 alkylene” denotes an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, including linear C2-10 alkylene, and the term “C1-3 alkylene” includes -CH2-, -CH2-CH2-, -CH (-CH3) -. For example, alkylene includes but is not limited to methylene (-CH2-) , ethylene (e.g., -CH2-CH2-or -CH (-CH3) -) , propylene (e.g., -CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH (-CH2-CH3) -, -CH2-CH (-CH3) -, or -CH (-CH3) -CH2-) , butylene (e.g., -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-) , n-pentyl, or n-hexyl. For example, C2-10 alkylene with one or more carbon atoms are optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, such as oxygen, includes but is not limited to ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, - (CH2) 1-3-O- (CH2) 1-3-, or - (CH2) 1-3-O- (CH2) 1-3-O- (CH2) 1-3-.
[0615] The term “cycloalkyl” as used herein are referred to saturated cyclic hydrocarbon radical having 3-6 ring carbon atoms (C3-6) or 5-6 ring carbon atoms (C5-6) . Examples of the cycloalkyl include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl.
[0616] The term “heterocyclyl” as used herein refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated ring having 3-12 ring atoms (3-12 membered) , 3-10 ring atoms (3-10 membered) , 5-8 ring atoms (5-8 membered) , 3-6 ring atoms (3-6 membered) , 4-6 ring atoms (4-6 membered) or 5-6 ring atoms (5-6 membered) , with one or more of, such as 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 1 or 2 of the ring atoms being heteroatoms independently selected from N, O and S, preferably O, and the remaining ring atoms being carbon. Examples of the heterocyclyl include, but are not limited to, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, oxiranyl, oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, tetrahydroprimidinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, 1, 3-dioxolane moiety and the like. Preferably, the heterocyclyl is pyrrolidinyl or thiazolidinyl, such as such as pyrrolidin-2-yl or 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-yl.
[0617] As used herein, the term “heteroaryl” means monocyclic or fused polycyclic aromatic ring structure including one or more (for example, 1, 2, 3 or 4) heteroatoms independently selected from O, N and S and a specified number of ring atoms, or its N-oxide, or its S-oxide or S-dioxide. Specifically, the aromatic ring structure may have 5 to 10 ring members, 5 to 9 ring members, or 5 to 6 ring members. Typically, the heteroaryl ring will contain up to 4 heteroatoms, up to 3 heteroatoms, up to 2 heteroatoms, for example, one heteroatom independently selected from O, N and S, where N and S may be in an oxidation state such as S=O or S (O) 2. For example, heteroaryl may be a fused ring containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O or S, such as indolyl (indol-3-yl) , isoindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzimidazolyl, indazolyl, benzotriazolyl, pyrrolopyridyl. For example, the heteroaryl may be a 5-6 membered heteroaryl containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O or S. For example, the heteroaryl may be a 5-6 membered heteroaryl containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O or S. Examples of 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, imidazolyl (1H-imidazol-5-yl) , pyrrolyl, furyl, thienyl, furazan, oxazolyl, oxadiazole, oxatriazolyl, isoxazole, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl and triazinyl.
[0618] The terms “halogen” and “halo” refer to fluorine, chlorine, bromo or iodo.
[0619] The term “amine” refers to primary amine, secondary amine (including a heterocycle containing NH) , or tertiary amine.
[0620] The term “AEEA” refers to a moiety of -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-. When it is connected with an amino acid, it is linked with an amide bond. It may connect with another moiety with any of the end. Thus, with reference to AEEA or “-C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-” , it includes -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-or -NH- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-O-CH2-C (O) -, unless only one of them is permitted.
[0621] The term “protected” means that a protecting group is attached. A protecting group may be a removable group that is known in the art to (i) protect a reactive group (such an amine, hydroxy, carboxy and thiol groups) against undesirable reaction during synthetic procedures, e.g., to block or protect the functionality of the reactive group while the reactions involving other functional sites of the compound are carried out, and (ii) be selectively deprotected in a multiply-protected structure without affecting other protecting groups. A person skilled in the art will recognize that a variety of protecting groups are well known, and alternative protecting groups may be suitable for a particular process.
[0622] Exemplary amine and / or amide protecting groups include, but are not limited to, acyl (e.g., formyl, acetyl, chloroacetyl, trichloroacetyl, o-nitrophenylacetyl, o-nitrophenoxy-acetyl, trifluoroacetyl, acetoacetyl, 4-chlorobutyryl, isobutyryl, o-nitrocinnamoyl, picolinoyl, acylisothiocyanate, aminocaproyl, benzoyl) , acyloxy (e.g., methoxy-carbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl, 2, 2, 2-trifluoroethoxycarbonyl, 2-trimethylsilylethoxy-carbonyl, vinyloxycarbonyl, allyloxycarbonyl, t-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) , 1, 1-dimethyl-propynyloxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz) , p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl, 2, 4-dichloro-benzyloxycarbonyl) , 9-xanthenyl, and trityl.
[0623] Exemplary hydroxyl protecting groups include, but are not limited to, unsubstituted or substituted alkyls (e.g., t-butyl (tBu) , allyl, benzyl, methoxymethyl, tetrahydropyranyl, o-nitrobenzyl) , silyl (e.g., t-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) , t-butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS) ) , acyl (e.g., acetyl, benzoyl, pivaloyl) .
[0624] Exemplary thiol protecting groups include, but are not limited to, p-methylbenzyl (Meb) , acetamidomethyl (Acm) , and trityl (Trt) .
[0625] Exemplary carboxylic acid protecting groups include esters such as substituted and unsubstituted C1-C8 lower alkyl (e.g., methyl, ethyl, t-butyl) , methoxymethyl, methylthiomethyl, 2, 2, 2-trichloroethyl, tetrahydropyranyl, substituted and unsubstituted phenylalkyl (e.g., benzyl) and substituted derivatives thereof (e.g., alkoxybenzyl, nitrobenzyl) , cinnamyl, dialkylaminoalkyl (e.g., dimethylaminoethyl) , trimethylsilyl, substituted and unsubstituted amides and hydrazides (e.g., amides and hydrazides of N, N-dimethylamine) , 7-nitroindole, hydrazine, N-phenylhydrazine, acyloxyalkyl (e.g., pivaloyloxymethyl, propionyloxymethyl) , aroyloxyalkyl (e.g., benzoyloxyethyl) , alkoxycarbonylalkyl (e.g., methoxycarbonylmethyl) , cyclohexyloxycarbonylmethyl, alkoxycarbonyloxyalkyl (e.g., t-butyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) , alkoxycarbonylaminoalkyl (e.g., t-butyloxycarbonylaminomethyl) , alkylaminocarbonylaminoalkyl (e.g., methylaminocarbonylaminomethyl) , acylaminoalkyl (e.g., acetylaminomethyl) , heterocyclylcarbonyloxyalkyl (e.g., 4-methylpiperazinyl-carbonyloxymethyl) , dialkylaminocarbonylalkyl (e.g., dimethylaminocarbonyl-methyl) .
[0626] The term “substituted” or “substituted with …” refers to a molecule wherein one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3 or 4, e.g., 1, 2 or 3, e.g., 1) hydrogen atoms are replaced with one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3 or 4, e.g., 1, 2 or 3, e.g., 1) substituents. The molecule can be multiply substituted.
[0627] The term “treating” , “treat” or “treatment” in connection with a disease, disorder or condition refers to administering the compound of the present disclosure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein to a subject that has the disease, disorder or condition, or has a symptom of the disease, disorder or condition, with the purpose to cure, heal, alleviate, relieve, alter, remedy, ameliorate, improve, or affect the disease, disorder or condition, the symptoms of the disease, disorder or condition.
[0628] The term “prevent” or “preventing” in connection with a disease refer to administering the compound of the present disclosure to a subject that has a predisposition toward a disease, disorder or condition, or has a risk of suffering from a disease, disorder or condition, with the purpose to prevent or slow down the occurrence of the disease, disorder or condition in the subject.
[0629] All numerical ranges herein should be understood as disclosing each and every value within the range and each and every subset of values within the range, regardless of whether they are specifically disclosed otherwise. For example, when referring to any numerical range, it should be regarded as referring to each and every numerical value in the numerical range, for example, each and every integer in the numerical range. The present disclosure includes all values falling within these ranges, all smaller ranges, and the upper or lower limit of the range.
[0630] Technical and scientific terms used herein and not specifically defined have the meaning commonly understood by a person skilled in the art, to which the present disclosure pertains.
[0631] Each embodiment described in the present disclosure and the features in each embodiment should be understood as being capable of combining with each other in any manner, and those technical solutions obtained by such combination (s) are all included in the scope of the present disclosure the same as if each and every technical solution obtained by such combination (s) were specifically and individually listed, unless the context clearly shows otherwise.
[0632] Amino acids
[0633] The term “amino acid “as used herein refers to any amino acid, i.e. both proteinogenic amino acids and non-proteinogenic amino acids. The terms “proteinogenic amino acids” and “natural amino acids” are used interchangeably and refer to the 20 standard amino acids encoded by the genetic code in humans. The term “non-proteinogenic amino acids” and “unnatural amino acids” are used interchangeably and refer to any amino acid which does not qualify as a proteinogenic amino acid. In general, amino acid residues, e.g. in context of a polypeptide sequence, as used herein, may be identified by their full name, their one-letter code, and / or their three-letter code. These three ways are fully equivalent and used interchangeably. In what follows, each amino acid of the peptides of the invention for which the optical isomer is not stated is to be understood to mean the L-isomer (unless otherwise specified) .
[0634] As used herein, “L / D” with reference to an amino acid means that the amino acid can be either the L-form or the D-form. For example, L / D-Glu represents L-Glu or D-Glu, and L / D-Glu-L / D-Glu represents L-Glu-L-Glu, L-Glu-D-Glu, D-Glu-D-Glu or D-Glu-L-Glu.
[0635] As used herein, “ (amino acid) n” means a sequence of repeating units of the specified amino acid, where n represents the number of these repeating units in the sequence. For example, (L-Glu) 2 represents L-Glu-L-Glu. (L / D-Glu) 2 represents L-Glu-L-Glu, L-Glu-D-Glu, D-Glu-D-Glu or D-Glu-L-Glu. As a residue, “ (amino acid) n” may connected to other parts of the molecular at each side, if applicable.
[0636] As used herein, a specific di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue as a moiety of a molecule is understood to be capable of being connected to other parts of the molecule at each terminus and in any orientation, unless explicitly stated otherwise. For example, L-Glu-Gly may be connected to as -L-Glu-Gly-or -Gly-L-Glu-.
[0637] As used herein, examples of unnatural amino acids include, but are not limited to the following:
[0638] and the D isomers thereof, if any.
[0639] GLP-1 polypeptide
[0640] The term “GLP-1 polypeptide” as used herein refers to a polypeptide which is capable of binding to a GLP-1 receptor and / or to activating a GLP-1 receptor. In other words, a GLP-1 polypeptide is a polypeptide which has GLP-1 activity. In other words, a GLP-1 polypeptide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist. A GLP-1 polypeptide may bind to and / or activate other types of receptors, i.e. as long as the polypeptide binds and / or activates the GLP-1 receptor it qualifies as a GLP-1 polypeptide regardless of any other receptor interactions it may be associated with. In addition to amino acid residues responsible for the GLP-1 receptor interaction, the GLP-1 polypeptide may contain further amino acid residues which are not involved in the GLP-1 receptor interaction.
[0641] The term “GLP-1 analogue” as used herein refers to an analogue (or variant) of the human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1 (7-37) ) . The amino acid sequence of human GLP-1 (7-37) is included in the sequence listing as SEQ ID NO: 1. The amino acid sequence of a GLP-1 analogue has one or more amino acid changes as compared to GLP-1 (7-37) . Said amino acid changes may include amino acid additions, amino acid deletions, and / or amino acid substitutions. The amino acid sequence of semaglutide is a non-limiting example of a GLP-1 analogue.
[0642] The term “GLP-1 derivative” as used herein refers to a chemically modified GLP-1 polypeptide, in which one or more substituents have been covalently attached to the GLP-1 polypeptide. For example, a GLP-1 derivative is a GLP-1 analogue to which one or more substituents are covalently linked. A non-limiting example of a GLP-1 derivative is semaglutide, GZR-18 or ecnoglutide.
[0643] In one embodiment, the compound of the present disclosure comprises a GLP-1 agonist. In one embodiment, the GLP-1 agonist is the amino acid sequence of semaglutide, GZR-18 or ecnoglutide. In one embodiment the compound of the present disclosure comprises a GLP-1 agonist, wherein the GLP-1 agonist has maximum of 3 amino acid changes as compared to GLP-1 (7-37) (SEQ ID NO: 1) . In one embodiment the compound of the present disclosure comprises a GLP-1 agonist, wherein the GLP-1 agonist has maximum of 2 amino acid changes as compared to GLP-1 (7-37) (SEQ ID NO: 1) . In one embodiment, the compound of the present disclosure comprises a GLP-1 derivative. In one embodiment, the GLP-1 agonist is semaglutide, GZR18 (SEQ ID NO: 3) or ecnoglutide (SEQ ID NO: 4) .
[0644] Substituent
[0645] The term “substituent” , as used herein, refers to a moiety that is covalently attached to a polypeptide via the carboxylic acid group on the dipeptide end of the “substituent” with the amino group of N-terminal histidine of Semaglutide (SEQ ID NO: 2) , or GZR18 (SEQ ID NO: 3) , or Ecnoglutide (SEQ ID NO: 4) or a GLP-1 agonist contains a histidine at the N-terminal of the polypetide forming an amide bond, e.g. attached to a GLP-1 agonist polypeptide. Chemically, the substituent is the structural fragment of Formula I, IB and 1C without the S or the GLP-1 parent drug. The substituents of the present disclosure can be any combination of the protractors of Table 1A and the dipeptide of Table 1B. Functionally the substituent is released once the prodrug is converted to parent drug GLP-1 polypeptide Semaglutide, GZR18 or Ecnoglutide in vivo.
[0646] The protractor can be a carboxylic acid, an alkyl phosphonic acid, or a dicarboxylic acid, a diphosphonic acid or a phosphonic acid and a carboxylic acid combination;
[0647] Protractor or protracting moiety
[0648] Table 1A. Non-limiting examples of Protractor or protracting moiety
[0649] The di-peptide linker
[0650] The dipeptide linker connects with the protractor on the left side and the parent drug GLP-1 agonist’s N-terminal histidine amino group on the right side.
[0651] The nomenclature used to describe protracting moieties and linkers is as usual in the art, for example*-CO-*refers to carbonyl, -CH2-refers to methylene, and-COOH refers to carboxylic acid.
[0652] Table 1B. Non-limiting examples of substituents (n, o, p are as defined in the above Embodiments) . It is understood to the one skilled in the art that the stereochemistry of the amino acids, chiral intermediates used in this invention or the substituents below can be either L or D without impacting the novelty of the prodrug invention.
[0653] Substituent
[0654] The substituent of the present disclosure is any combination of the protractors of Table 1A and the Di-peptides of Table 1B. Table 1C demonstrates the non-limiting examples of the substituents of the present disclosure.
[0655] Table 1C. Non-limiting examples of substituents (n is 1 to 20) . It is understood to the one skilled in the art that the stereochemistry of the amino acids, chiral intermediates used in this invention or the substituents below can be either L or D.
[0656] Prodrug
[0657] The term “prodrug” as used herein refers to a compound that undergoes chemical conversion by an enzymatic or a non-enzymatic chemical process in vivo resulting in liberation of a parent drug i.e. semaglutide, GZR18, ecnoglutide or GLP-1 agonists. The term “parent drug” as used herein refers to pharmacological active compound or semaglutide, GZR18, ecnoglutide or GLP-1 agonists which is released from a prodrug upon conversion of the prodrug. The term “conversion” as used herein in context of a prodrug refers to a process wherein the prodrug is converted in an enzymatic or a non-enzymatic manner resulting in the release of a parent drug. The rate with which the conversion takes place may be quantified by the “conversion half-life” . The “conversion half-life” is the length of time required for the concentration of the prodrug to be reduced to half as a consequence of conversion. The “conversion half-life” may also be referred to as the “prodrug to drug conversion half-life” or as “prodrug to parent drug conversion half-life” .
[0658] The intact prodrug is not exerting the intended pharmacological activity to a significant extent, e.g. it is not exerting the intended pharmacological activity to an extent that makes it incompatible with the treatment regime it is intended for. The pharmacological activity associated with the intended treatment of the prodrug is derived from the parent drug once it is liberated. When the parent drug is liberated from the prodrug it is said to be in its "free form” . The prodrug may achieve the desired conversion upon intramolecular cyclization of a terminal dipeptide-based amide extension i.e. the substituent dipeptide, whereupon the extension is cleaved from the parent drug, resulting in the liberation of the parent drug in its free form. Such an intramolecular cyclization may take place as an enzyme-independent process under physiological conditions, e.g. via diketopiperazine (DKP) formation. In a prodrug which is converted via DKP formation, the moiety which the parent drug is liberated from upon conversion, is referred to as the “DKP moiety” . The prodrug of the present disclosure may have a temporary amide linkage between a dipeptide moiety of the DKP moiety, i.e. the substituent, and an aliphatic amine group of the parent drug, i.e. the amino group of the semaglutide, GZR18 and ecnoglutide terminal histidine. The conversion half-life is influenced by the structural nature of the DKP moiety. The DKP moiety may be inactive pharmacologically. The conversion of the prodrug of the present disclosure takes place predominantly in a non-enzymatic manner.
[0659] In one aspect of the invention the prodrugs of the present disclosure comprise a DKP moiety with an alkyl sulfuric acid, an alkyl phosphonic acid, or a diphosphonic acid, or a dicarboxylic acid, or a phosphonic acid AND a carboxylic acid combination at the distal aliphatic chain of the substituent.
[0660] An example of the nomenclature used for the compounds of the present disclosure comprising a DKP moiety and semaglutide as the parent drug is provided in the following: Gly-Nα-2- [HO3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide.
[0661] In this compound the DKP moiety comprises a first Gly residue and a second Gly residue interconnected via an amide bond. The moiety “2- [HO3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl” is covalently linked to the nitrogen atom of the second Gly residue. The carboxyl group of the second Gly residue is covalently linked to the N-terminal amino group of the amino acid histidine sequence of semaglutide via an amide bond. The full structure of the compound is depicted below:
[0662] In one embodiment the compound of the present disclosure is selected from a group consisting of Substituents 1 to 158 forming an amide bond with the N-terminal amino group of histidine of semaglutide, GZR18, ecnoglutide or a GLP-1 agonists, or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof.
[0663] Semaglutide, GZR18 and Ecnoglutide
[0664] Semaglutide, GZR18 and ecnoglutide are GLP-1 derivatives. Compared to human GLP-1 (7-37) , semaglutide has an Aib in position 8 and an Arg in position 34, as well as a substituent covalently attached to the side chain of Lys in position 26. The amino acid sequence of semaglutide is included in the sequence listing as and may be described herein as " [Aib8, Arg34] -GLP-1- (7-37) -peptide" .
[0665] The amino acid sequence of semaglutide is a GLP-1 polypeptide. The amino acid sequence of semaglutide is a GLP-1 analogue which has two amino acid changes as compared to human GLP-1 (7-37) . The amino acid sequence of semaglutide is included in the sequence listing as: SEQ ID NO: 2. The amino acid sequence of GZR18 is a GLP-1 polypeptide. The amino acid sequence of GZR18 is included in the sequence listing as: SEQ ID NO: 3. The amino acid sequence of Ecnoglutide is a GLP-1 polypeptide. The amino acid sequence of Ecnoglutide is included in the sequence listing as: SEQ ID NO: 4.
[0666] The chemical name of the semaglutide is N-ε26- [2- (2- {2- [2- (2- {2- [ (S) -4-Carboxy-4- (17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino) butyrylamino] ethoxy} ethoxy) acetylamino] ethoxy} ethoxy) acety [Aib8, Arg34] GLP-1- (7-37) .
[0667] The chemical name of the GZR18 is N-ε26- [2- (2- {2- [2- (2- {2- [ (S) -4-Carboxy-4- (21-carboxyarachidoylamino) butyrylamino] ethoxy} ethoxy) acetylamino] ethoxy} ethoxy) acety [Gly8, Arg34] GLP-1- (7-37) . The chemical name of the Ecnoglutide is N-ε30- [2- (2- {2- [2- (2- {2- [ (S) -4-Carboxy-4- (17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino) butyrylamino] ethoxy} ethoxy) acetylamino] ethoxy} ethoxy) acety [Val8, Glu22, Arg34] GLP-1- (7-37) .
[0668] The full structure of semaglutide, GZR18 and ecnoglutide compound are depicted below:
[0669] The properties of semaglutide, ecnoglutide and GZR18 are not optimal for once daily or weekly oral dosing. In one embodiment the parent drug of the prodrug of the present disclosure are semaglutide, ecnoglutide and GZR18.
[0670] Conversion half-life
[0671] The rate with which the conversion of the prodrug to the drug takes place may be quantified by the conversion half-life. The term “conversion half-life" as used herein refers to the length of time required for the concentration of the prodrug to be reduced to half by conversion.
[0672] The prodrug may achieve the desired conversion upon intramolecular cyclization of a terminal dipeptide-based amide extension, whereupon the extension is cleaved from the parent drug, resulting in the liberation of the parent drug in its free form. Such an intramolecular cyclization may take place as an enzyme-independent processes under physiological conditions, e.g. via diketopiperazine (DKP) formation. In a prodrug which is converted via DKP formation, the moiety which the parent drug is liberated from upon conversion, is referred to as the DKP moiety. The conversion half-life relies, inter alia, on the nature of the DKP moiety, and thus the conversion half-life can be improved (e.g. to make it suitable for once weekly oral administration) , e.g. by means of molecular design of the DKP moiety, to make the properties of the prodrug suitable for a certain dosing regimen (e.g. for once weekly oral administration) .
[0673] The conversion half-life may be measured in vitro, e.g. at pH 7.4 and 37℃. The conversion half-life of prodrug to drug may be measured as described in General methods for measuring conversion half-life. In one embodiment the compound of the present disclosure is a prodrug.
[0674] According to the present disclosure, a desirable conversion half-life for the compound as a prodrug intended for once daily or once weekly (especially once weekly) oral dosing in human is less than 3 days, such as, not more than 2 days, such as not more than 1 day (such as 0.1 to less than 3 days, such as 0.5 to less than 3 days, such as 0.1 to 2.8 days, such as 0.5 to 2 days, especially 0.5 to 1 day) in vitro when measured at pH 7.4 and 37℃.
[0675] According to the present disclosure, a desirable conversion half-life for a prodrug intended for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous (S.C. ) injection in human is a conversion half-life of at least 3 days, such as at least 3.5 days, such as at least 4 days (4 to 10 days, (5 to 12 days) ) , such as at least 6 days (6 to 12 days, 6 to 15 days) , such as at least 9 days, such as at least 10 days, especially 3.5 to 21 days (9 to 21 days) in vitro, and is suitable for subcutaneous (S.C. ) injection.
[0676] Oral bioavailability
[0677] Oral treatment with pharmacological active compounds may be hampered by poor bioavailability. The term "bioavailability" refers to the capability of a compound to reach systemic circulation following administration, and it may be quantified as the fractional extent of the compound dosage that reaches systemic circulation upon administration. The oral bioavailability reflects the extent to which a compound is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration. In other words, a high oral bioavailability is associated with a high oral absorption. A high oral bioavailability of a drug is associated with a high drug exposure following oral administration. It is desirable that a drug intended for oral administration has a high oral exposure (which can be shown by high AUC, suggesting that a significant amount of the drug is absorbed and available to the body after oral administration) and / or a high oral absorption (i.e. a high absorption from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration) since it may reduce the dosage required to reach the intended systemic concentration of the drug, and thus e.g. reduce tablet size and manufacturing costs. The oral bioavailability may be measured as described under General methods for measuring oral bioavailability. The oral bioavailability may be measured in a co-formulation with the absorption enhancer sodium N- (8- [2-hydroxybenzoyl] amino) caprylate (SNAC) in beagle dogs or cynomolgus monkeys.
[0678] In one embodiment, the compound of the present disclosure has a high oral bioavailability. In one embodiment, the compound of the present disclosure has an oral bioavailability that is similar to that of the oral dosage form of semaglutide, ecnoglutide or GZR18. In one embodiment, the compound of the present disclosure has an oral bioavailability that is not inferior to that of the oral dosage form of semaglutide, ecnoglutide or GZR18 or known semglutide prodrugs. In one embodiment, the compound of the present disclosure has an oral bioavailability that is higher than that of the oral dosage form of semaglutide, ecnoglutide or GZR18, or even higher than known semaglutide prodrugs. In one embodiment, the compound of the present disclosure has an oral bioavailability which is suitable for once daily or once weekly (especially once weekly) oral dosing. In one embodiment, the compound of the present disclosure has an oral bioavailability which is suitable for once biweekly, or once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month subcutaneous injection dosing in humans. In one embodiment, the compound of the present disclosure has an oral bioavailability which is measured in Beagle dogs or cynomolgus monkeys; wherein the AUC 0-last hr and T1 / 2 shows therapeutic level of semaglutide concentration.
[0679] GLP-1 activity
[0680] The term "GLP-1 activity" as used herein refers to the capability of a compound to activate a GLP-1 receptor. The GLP-1 activity may be measured as the in vitro potency. i.e. the performance in a functional GLP-1 receptor assay, more in particular to the ability to stimulate cAMP formation in a cell line expressing the cloned human GLP-1 receptor. The GLP-1 activity may be expressed as an EC50 value.
[0681] Pharmaceutical indication / medical uses
[0682] The present disclosure also relates to the compound of the present disclosure for use as a medicament. The timing and purpose of said treatment may vary from one individual to another, according to the status of the subject's health.
[0683] In one embodiment the compound of the present disclosure may be used for the treatment and / or prevention of all forms of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.
[0684] In one embodiment the invention relates to a method for the treatment and / or prevention of all forms of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound of the present disclosure, optionally in combination with one or more additional therapeutically active compounds.
[0685] In one embodiment the compound of the present disclosure is used for treatment or prevention of all forms of diabetes, e.g. hyperglycaemia, type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, type 1 diabetes, non-insulin dependent diabetes, MODY (maturity onset diabetes of the young) , and gestational diabetes, or for diseases where reduction of HbA1C is the treatment goal. In one embodiment the compound may be used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, e.g. syndrome X, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, reperfusion injury, stroke, cerebral ischemia, an early cardiac or early cardiovascular disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, hypertension, essential hypertension, acute hypertensive emergency, cardiomyopathy, heart insufficiency, exercise intolerance, acute and / or chronic heart failure, arrhythmia, cardiac dysrhythmia, syncopy, angina pectoris, cardiac bypass and / or stent reocclusion, intermittent claudication (atheroschlerosis oblitterens) , diastolic dysfunction, and / or systolic dysfunction; and / or reduction of blood pressure, such as reduction of systolic blood pressure. In one embodiment the compound is used for the treatment of dyslipidemia and / or diseases where one or more of the following clinical outcomes are the treatment goal: lowering total serum lipids; increasing HDL; lowering small, dense LDL; lowering VLDL; lowering triglycerides; lowering cholesterol; lowering plasma levels of lipoprotein a (Lp (a) ) in a human; inhibiting generation of apolipoprotein A (apo (A) ) . In one embodiment the compound may be used for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) . In one embodiment the compound of the present disclosure is used for treatment and / or prevention of all forms of HF, e.g. heart failure forms of HF, e.g. heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) , heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) , and / or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) .
[0686] In one embodiment, the compound of the present disclosure is used for the treatment of obesity and / or eating disorders where one or more of the following clinical outcomes are the treatment goal: decreasing food intake, increasing energy expenditure, reducing body weight, suppressing appetite, inducing satiety. In one embodiment the compound of the present disclosure is used for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
[0687] The treatment with the compound of the present disclosure may also be combined with one or more additional pharmacologically active substances, e.g. selected from cardiovascular agents, antidiabetic agents, and / or anti-obesity agents. Examples of these pharmacologically active substances are: inotropes, beta adrenergic receptor blockers, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, angiotensin Il receptor antagonists, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, endothelin antagonists, renin inhibitors, diuretics, aldosterone receptor blockers, endothelin receptor blockers, aldosterone synthase inhibitors, CETP inhibitor, relaxin, PCSK9 inhibitors, BNP and NEP inhibitors, GLP-1 analogues, insulin, sulphonylureas, biguanides, meglitinides, glucosidase inhibitors, glucagon antagonists, DPP-IV inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors. The treatment with a compound of the present disclosure may also be combined with heart surgery.
[0688] Pharmaceutical compositions
[0689] The present disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compound of the present disclosure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0690] The term “excipient” broadly refers to any component other than the active therapeutic ingredient (s) . The excipient may be an inert substance, an inactive substance, and / or a not medicinally active substance. The excipient may serve various purposes, e.g. as a carrier, vehicle, diluent, tablet aid, and / or to improve administration, and / or absorption of the active substance. The formulation of pharmaceutically active ingredients with various excipients is known in the art, see e.g. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy. Additional, optional, ingredients of a pharmaceutical composition include, e.g., wetting agents, emulsifiers, antioxidants, bulking agents, metal ions, oily vehicles, proteins. Non-limiting examples of excipients are: solvents, diluents, buffers, preservatives, tonicity regulating agents, chelating agents, surfactants, and stabilisers. The pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of the disclosure may be of several dosage forms, e.g. a solution, a suspension, a tablet, and a capsule.
[0691] Preferably the pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of the disclosure is suitable for oral administration, e.g. in a preferred embodiment the pharmaceutical formulation comprising the compound of the disclosure is prepared in the form of a tablet where the compound is coformulated with the absorption enhancer N- (8- [2-hydroxybenzoyl] amino) caprylic acid salt, such as sodium N- (8- [2-hydroxybenzoyl] amino) caprylate (SNAC) .EXAMPLES
[0692] The examples below are intended to illustrate the present disclosure only, and should not be contorted to be limiting in any way.
[0693] All reagents and starting materials, except intermediates as prepared below, used in the present disclosure are commercially available or prepared according to the prior art.
[0694] If there’s any inconsistency between the structure and the name of a compound given in this invention, the structure prevails, unless the context shows that the structure is incorrect and the name is right.
[0695] If there’s any empty valence in any atom disclosed herein, the empty valence is the hydrogen atom which is omitted for convenience.
[0696] All MS (mass spectrometry) data were measured by Shimazu 2020 / 230V or Agilent G6125B.
[0697] LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
[0698] The following abbreviations are used in the following, in alphabetical order: Ac: acetyl Aib: alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (or a-aminoisobutyric acid) APl-ES: atmospheric pressure ionization-electrospray AUC: area under the curve BHK: baby hamster kidney Boc: tert-butyloxycarbonyl BW: body weight Cl-HOBt 6-chloro-1-hydroxybenzotriazole CRE: CAMP response element Dab: L-2, 4-diaminobutyric acid DCM: dichloromethane DDE: 2-acetyl-5, 5-dimethylcyclohexane-1, 3-dione DIC: diisopropylcarbodimide DIPEA: N, N-disopropylethylamine DMEM: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium DPBS: Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline EDTA: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ELISA: enzyme linked immunosorbent assay equiv: molar equivalent FBS: fetal bovine serum Fmoc: 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl Gcg: glucagon GcgR: glucagon receptor GIP: glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide GIPR: glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide 1 GLP-1R: glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor HEPES: 4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid HFIP: 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3-hexafluoro-2-propanol or hexafluoroisopropanol hGcgR: human glucagon receptor hGIPR: human glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor hGLP-1R: human glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor HPLC: high performance liquid chromatography i.p: intraperitonea IPGTT: intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test i.v. intravenously LCMS: liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy MeCN: acetonitrile mM: millimolar mmol: millimoles min: minutes Mtt: 4-methyltrity MW: molecular weight nM: nanomolar NMP: 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one OtBu: tert-butyl ester Oxyma pure: Ethyl 2-cyano-2- (hydroxyimino) acetate PBS: phosphate buffered saline PK: pharmacokinetic pM: picomolar rpm: rounds per minute Rt: retention time SEM: standard error of the mean SPPS : solid phase peptide synthesis tBu: tert-buty TFA: trifluoroacetic acid TIS: trisopropylsilane Trt: triphenylmethyl or trityl Trx: tranexamic acid TSTU: O- (N-succinimidyl) -1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate FBS: fetal bovine serum Fmoc: 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl
[0699] General Methods of Preparation
[0700] Preparation 1: 15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanoic acid
[0701] Commercially available oxacyclohexadecan-2-one was treated with KOH in methanol, and the precipitated salt is filtered and dried. The salt was then treated with thionyl chloride and methanol under reflux to afford the methyl ester, which was reacted with methanesulfonyl chloride to afford the Ms ester. The Ms ester is then transformed to the bromide, and further reacted with Dibenzyl phosphite and Cs2CO3 in DMF at 40-80℃ to afford the phosphonate. The phosphonate is then selectively hydrolyzed with LiOH in water and ethanol mixture at room temperature to afford 15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanoic acid after silica gel chromatography purification, 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.42 –7.27 (m, 10H) , 5.06 (dd, J = 11.9, 8.8 Hz, 2H) , 4.97 (dd, J = 11.9, 8.1 Hz, 2H) , 2.33 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H) , 1.80 –1.69 (m, 2H) , 1.68 –1.50 (m, 2H) , 1.37 –1.15 (m, 22H) .
[0702] In the same manner the following bis (benzyloxy) phosphorylalkyl carboxyl acid can be prepared.
[0703] Preparation 2: 15- (tert-butoxysulfonyl) pentadecanoic acid
[0704] The preparation 1 bromide ester is reacted with sodium sulfite to afford the sulfate under basic condition. The sulfate is chlorinated with phosphorus pentachloride to afford the sulfonyl chloride, the sulfonyl chloride is then reacted with t-butanol under mild basic condition to afford the t-Butyl ester. The carboxyl methyl ester is then selectively hydrolyzed to afford 15- (tert-butoxysulfonyl) pentadecanoic acid.
[0705] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0706] Preparation 3: 18- ( (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) methyl) -20-phenylicosanoic acid--benzyl phosphenate
[0707] The commercially available acid bromide is reduced with borane to afford the bromo alcohol. The free hydroxyl group is protected as the THP ether; the bromide is then reacted with malonate diethyl ester under basic condition; the diester is then reduced with NaBH4 in refluxing ethanol; the resulting dihydroxy group were transformed to dibromide via the methansulfonyl ester. The dibromide reacted with Dibenzyl phosphite and Cs2CO3 in DMF at 50-80℃ to afford the di-phosphonate. The THP protecting group is removed and the resulting alcohol is oxidized to afford 18- ( (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) methyl) -20-phenylicosanoic acid--benzyl phosphenate after column chromatography purification, 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.29 (d, J = 1.8 Hz, 20H) , 5.05 –4.86 (m, 8H) , 2.31 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H) , 2.13 –1.99 (m, 2H) , 1.87 (dddd, J = 19.3, 15.6, 6.3, 1.7 Hz, 2H) , 1.68 –1.41 (m, 5H) , 1.38 –1.08 (m, 26H) .
[0708] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0709] Preparation 4: 19- (tert-butoxy) -19-oxo-16-phenethylnonadecanoic acid--benzyl phosphenate
[0710] The dibromide from Preparation 3 was reacted with one equivalent of Dibenzyl phosphite and Cs2CO3 in DMF at 20-60℃ and the resulting reaction mixture is purified via silica gel column chromatography to afford the mono-phosphonate; the mono-phosphonate is then reacted with malonate diethyl ester under basic condition to afford the diester, which is selectively hydrolyzed and decarboxylated to the free mono acid. tBu ester formation followed by deprotection of the THP ether and oxidation of the free alcohol group afforded 19- (tert-butoxy) -19-oxo-16-phenethylnonadecanoic acid--benzyl phosphenate after silica gel column chromatography purification.
[0711] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0712] Preparation 5: 19- (tert-butoxy) -19-oxo-16-phenethylnonadecanoic acid--benzyl phosphenate
[0713] The ester from Preparation 3 was selectively hydrolyzed and reduced to afford the mono alcohol after silica gel column chromatography purification; the mono alcohol is transformed to the bromide via the methansulfonyl ester. The bromide is then reacted with Dibenzyl phosphite and Cs2CO3 in DMF at 30-60℃ to afford the mono-phosphonate. The ethyl ester is then transformed to the tBu ester and the THP ether is deprotected and the resulting alcohol is oxidized to afford the target carboxylic acid: 19- (tert-butoxy) -19-oxo-16-phenethylnonadecanoic acid--benzyl phosphenate after silica gel column separation.
[0714] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0715] Preparation 6: 19- (tert-butoxy) -19-oxo-16-phenethylnonadecanoic acid--benzyl phosphenate
[0716] The ester in the starting material is reduced and the resulting alcohol is oxidized to the aldehyde. The aldehyde is then converted to the unsaturated ester via standard Wittig reaction. Michael addition of malonate diethyl ester to the unsaturated ester followed by high temperature decarboxylation under neutral condition afforded the target diester after silica gel column separation. Transformation of the diethyl ester to the di-tBu ester, followed by THP deprotection and resulting alcohol oxidation afforded 19- (tert-butoxy) -19-oxo-16-phenethylnonadecanoic acid--benzyl phosphenate after silica gel column separation.
[0717] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0718] Preparation 7: (S) -N- (2- (4- (15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine / fully protected substituent 1 n=13
[0719] Commercially available mono-Cbz ethylenediamine is mono-alkylated with chloroacetic acid under basic condition. The resulting amino acid is acylated with Boc-Gly-OSu, the material after silica gel column purification is hydrogenated to afford the dipeptide amine. 15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanoic acid from Preparation 1 is activated and reacted with commercially available glutamic acid mono-tBu ester, and resulting acid is transformed to the OSu ester with HOSu and EDCI in DMF. The resulting active ester is reacted with the dipeptide amine to afford fully protected substituent 1 / (S) -N- (2- (4- (15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine after silica gel column purification. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.40 –7.29 (m, 10H) , 6.73 (dd, J = 18.3, 7.6 Hz, 1H) , 5.59 (s, 1H) , 5.05 (dd, J =11.9, 8.8 Hz, 2H) , 4.96 (dd, J = 11.9, 8.1 Hz, 2H) , 4.45 –4.37 (m, 1H) , 4.02 (dd, J = 15.8, 9.5 Hz, 3H) , 3.90 (d, J = 4.6 Hz, 1H) , 3.61 –3.35 (m, 4H) , 2.23 (td, J = 7.4, 4.5 Hz, 3H) , 1.74 (ddd, J = 18.1, 9.7, 6.5 Hz, 2H) , 1.66 –1.52 (m, 4H) , 1.44 (dd, J = 10.8, 1.7 Hz, 18H) , 1.34 –1.19 (m, 23H) .
[0720] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0721] 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.34 (s, 10H) , 5.07 –4.91 (m, 4H) , 4.39 (s, 1H) , 3.94 (d, J =39.2 Hz, 4H) , 3.48 (d, J = 25.8 Hz, 4H) , 2.34 –1.89 (m, 6H) , 1.74 (dt, J = 17.3, 7.9 Hz, 2H) , 1.45 (s, 9H) , 1.42 (s, 9H) , 1.24 (s, 28H) .
[0722] 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.34 (d, J = 3.8 Hz, 10H) , 5.18 –4.80 (m, 4H) , 4.39 (s, 1H) , 3.90 (s, 4H) , 3.47 (s, 4H) , 2.33 –1.89 (m, 6H) , 1.79 –1.69 (m, 2H) , 1.46 (s, 9H) , 1.43 (s, 9H) , 1.23 (d, J = 10.2 Hz, 32H) .
[0723] Preparation 8: (S) -N- (2- (4- (15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine
[0724] Commercially available mono-Cbz ethylenediamine is mono-alkylated with chloroacetic acid under basic condition. The resulting amino acid is acylated with Boc-Ala-OSu, the material after silica gel column purification is hydrogenated to afford the dipeptide amine. 15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanoic acid from Preparation 1 is activated and reacted with commercially available glutamic acid mono-tBu ester, and resulting acid is transformed to the OSu ester with HOSu and EDCI in DMF. The resulting active ester is reacted with the dipeptide amine to afford fully protected substituent. 21 / (S) -N- (2- (4- (15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine, 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.34 (s, 9H) , 6.72 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H) , 5.44 (dd, J = 29.6, 8.0 Hz, 1H) , 5.11 –4.90 (m, 4H) , 4.61 (s, 1H) , 4.41 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H) , 4.24 (s, 1H) , 4.06 –3.87 (m, 2H) , 3.67 (d, J = 11.2 Hz, 1H) , 3.58 –3.28 (m, 3H) , 2.43 –2.07 (m, 5H) , 1.95 (dq, J = 14.4, 7.4 Hz, 1H) , 1.82 –1.71 (m, 2H) , 1.68 –1.51 (m, 4H) , 1.51 –1.38 (m, 18H) , 1.36 –1.16 (m, 24H) .
[0725] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0726] Preparation 9: (S) -N- (2- (4- (15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine
[0727] Commercially available mono-Cbz ethylenediamine is mono-alkylated with chloroacetic acid under basic condition. The resulting amino acid is acylated with Boc-Pro-OSu, the material after silica gel column purification is hydrogenated to afford the dipeptide amine. 15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanoic acid from Preparation 1 is activated and reacted with commercially available glutamic acid mono-tBu ester, and resulting acid is transformed to the OSu ester with HOSu and EDCI in DMF. The resulting active ester is reacted with the dipeptide amine to afford fully protected substituent 28 (S) -N- (2- (4- (15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine, 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.33 (d, J = 3.7 Hz, 10H) , 5.05 (dd, J = 11.9, 8.8 Hz, 2H) , 5.01 –4.90 (m, 3H) , 4.65 (s, 1H) , 4.51 –4.29 (m, 2H) , 3.69 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 3H) , 3.50 (d, J = 21.8 Hz, 2H) , 3.44 –3.32 (m, 2H) , 3.10 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H) , 2.39 (s, 1H) , 2.22 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 4H) , 2.06 –1.87 (m, 3H) , 1.74 (ddd, J = 18.1, 9.7, 6.5 Hz, 3H) , 1.54 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 6H) , 1.52 –1.39 (m, 22H) , 1.36 –1.18 (m, 23H) .
[0728] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0729] Preparation 10: (S) -N- (2- (4- (17- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) -16- ( (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) methyl) heptadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine,
[0730] Commercially available mono-Cbz ethylenediamine is mono-alkylated with chloroacetic acid under basic condition. The resulting amino acid is acylated with Boc-Gly-OSu, the material after silica gel column purification is hydrogenated to afford the dipeptide amine. [ (BnO) 2OPCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 14-COOH from Preparation 3 is activated and reacted with commercially available glutamic acid mono-tBu ester, and resulting acid is transformed to the OSu ester with HOSu and EDCI in DMF. The resulting active ester is reacted with the dipeptide amine to afford (S) -N- (2- (4- (17- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) -16- ( (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) methyl) heptadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine after silica gel column purification / Fully protected substituent 79, n=14, P=1
[0731] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0732] Preparation 11: (S) -29- (2- (tert-butoxy) -2-oxoethyl) -10- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -3- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) -33, 33-dimethyl-7, 12, 31-trioxo-32-oxa-3, 6, 11-triazatetratriacontanoic acid
[0733] Fully protected substituent 79, n=16, P=1
[0734] Commercially available mono-Cbz ethylenediamine is mono-alkylated with chloroacetic acid under basic condition. The resulting amino acid is acylated with Boc-Gly-OSu, the material after silica gel column purification is hydrogenated to afford the dipeptide amine. 19- (tert-butoxy) -19-oxo-16-phenethylnonadecanoic acid--benzyl phosphenate
[0735] from Preparation 6 is activated and reacted with commercially available glutamic acid mono-tBu ester, and resulting acid is transformed to the OSu ester with HOSu and EDCI in DMF. The resulting active ester is reacted with the dipeptide amine to afford (S) -29- (2- (tert-butoxy) -2-oxoethyl) -10- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -3- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) -33, 33-dimethyl-7, 12, 31-trioxo-32-oxa-3, 6, 11-triazatetratriacontanoic acid
[0736] Fully protected substituent 76, n=16, P=1, 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 6.74 (dd, J = 15.6, 7.6 Hz, 1H) , 5.60 (s, 1H) , 4.45 –4.34 (m, 1H) , 4.04 (d, J = 16.3 Hz, 3H) , 3.91 (d, J = 4.6 Hz, 1H) , 3.76 –3.63 (m, 1H) , 3.53 –3.39 (m, 3H) , 3.11 (q, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H) , 2.23 (s, 9H) , 2.12 (s, 1H) , 1.60 (s, 2H) , 1.53 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 3H) , 1.47 –1.41 (m, 36H) , 1.25 (s, 28H) .
[0737] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0738] Preparation 12: (S) -N- (2- (4- (17- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) -16- ( (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) methyl) heptadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine,
[0739] Commercially available mono-Cbz ethylenediamine is mono-alkylated with chloroacetic acid under basic condition. The resulting amino acid is acylated with Boc-Gly-OSu, the material after silica gel column purification is hydrogenated to afford the dipeptide amine. 19- (tert-butoxy) -19-oxo-16-phenethylnonadecanoic acid--benzyl phosphenate
[0740] from Preparation 5 is activated and reacted with commercially available glutamic acid mono-tBu ester, and resulting acid is transformed to the OSu ester with HOSu and EDCI in DMF. The resulting active ester is reacted with the dipeptide amine to afford (S) -N- (2- (4- (17- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) -16- ( (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) methyl) heptadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine / Fully protected substituent 108, n=14, P=1
[0741] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0742] Preparation 13: (S) -N- (2- (4- (17- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) -16- ( (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) methyl) heptadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine,
[0743] Commercially available mono-Cbz ethylenediamine is mono-alkylated with chloroacetic acid under basic condition. The resulting amino acid is acylated with Boc-Gly-OSu, the material after silica gel column purification is hydrogenated to afford the dipeptide amine. { [ (BnO) 2OPCH2] (tBuOOCCH2CH2) } -CH- (CH2) 14-COOH from Preparation 4 is activated and reacted with commercially available glutamic acid mono-tBu ester, and resulting acid is transformed to the OSu ester with HOSu and EDCI in DMF. The resulting active ester is reacted with the dipeptide amine to afford (S) -N- (2- (4- (17- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) -16- ( (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) methyl) heptadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine / Fully protected substituent 112, n=14, P=1
[0744] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0745] Preparation 14: N- (2- ( (S) -5- (tert-butoxy) -4- (16, 16-dimethylheptadecanamido) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -L-alanyl) glycine--carbon dioxide
[0746] Commercially available mono-Cbz ethylenediamine is mono-alkylated with chloroacetic acid under basic conditions. The resulting amino acid is acylated with Boc-Ala-OSu, the material after silica gel column purification is hydrogenated to afford the dipeptide amine. Commercially available hexadecanedioic acid mono-tButyl ester is activated and reacted with commercially available glutamic acid mono-tBu ester, and resulting acid is transformed to the OSu ester with HOSu and EDCI in DMF. The resulting active ester is reacted with the dipeptide amine to afford N- (2- ( (S) -5- (tert-butoxy) -4- (16, 16-dimethylheptadecanamido) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -L-alanyl) glycine--carbon dioxide / fully protected substituent 126 n=13, P=1 after column chromatography purifications.
[0747] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0748] Preparation 15: (S) -10- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -3- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -L-prolyl) -29, 29-dimethyl-7, 12, 27-trioxo-28-oxa-3, 6, 11-triazatriacontanoic acid
[0749] Commercially available mono-Cbz ethylenediamine is mono-alkylated with chloroacetic acid under basic condition. The resulting amino acid is acylated with Boc-Pro-OSu, the material after silica gel column purification is hydrogenated to afford the dipeptide amine. Commercially available 18- (tert-butoxy) -18-oxooctadecanoic acid is activated and reacted with commercially available glutamic acid mono-tBu ester, and resulting acid is transformed to the OSu ester with HOSu and EDCI in DMF. The resulting active ester is reacted with the dipeptide amine to afford (S) -10- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -3- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -L-prolyl) -29, 29-dimethyl-7, 12, 27-trioxo-28-oxa-3, 6, 11-triazatriacontanoic acid, 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 4.65 (dd, J = 8.7, 3.8 Hz, 1H) , 4.51 –4.32 (m, 2H) , 4.12 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H) , 3.79 –3.34 (m, 6H) , 2.31 –1.91 (m, 12H) , 1.58 (dd, J =13.6, 6.3 Hz, 4H) , 1.51 –1.41 (m, 27H) , 1.30 –1.23 (m, 22H) .
[0750] The following analogs can be prepared in the same manner.
[0751] Preparation 16: N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) -N- (2- (10- (4- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) phenoxy) -9- ( (4- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) phenoxy) methyl) decanamido) ethyl) glycine
[0752] Commercially available 8-bromooctan-1-ol is protected as the THP ether; the bromide is then reacted with malonate diethyl ester under basic condition; the diester is then reduced with NaBH4 in refluxing ethanol; the resulting dihydroxy group were transformed to dibromide via the methansulfonyl ester. The THP protecting group is removed and the resulting hydroxy dibromide reacted with tert-butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate and Cs2CO3 in DMF at 50-80℃ to afford the di-benzoate. The resulting alcohol is oxidized to afford the free acid after silica gel chromatography purification, the acid is then coupled with the dipeptide to afford N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) -N- (2- (10- (4- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) phenoxy) -9- ( (4- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) phenoxy) methyl) decanamido) ethyl) glycine after column purification
[0753] Preparation 17: (S) -N- (2- ( (4- (15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentyl) amino) -2-oxoethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine
[0754] 17E is prepared according to Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1969, vol. 91, p. 7490, 7503, the free amine is acylated witcomercially available Boc-Gly-OSu to afford the dipeptide 17G after the free acid activation. 17G is then reacted with 17D to afford (S) -N- (2- ( (4- (15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentyl) amino) -2-oxoethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine after silica gel column purification.
[0755] The following intermediates can be prepared similarly
[0756] Preparation 18: OxyLys preparation
[0757] Commercially available SM-8A was alkylated with Acrylonitrile as reported in Climie, I.J.; Evans, D.A. in “13C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy as a probe of enzyme environment-II: Effect of solvent and pH on 13C-chemical shifts in derivatized amino-acid models” [Tetrahedron, 1982, vol. 38, p. 697] . The resulting nitrile is hydrogenated to afford the alpha amino Boc protected oxylysine that was used for side chain preparations, 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 13.33 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H) , 7.78 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H) , 7.67 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H) , 7.42 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H) , 7.33 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H) , 6.41 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H) , 4.60 (dt, J = 8.9, 3.3 Hz, 1H) , 4.41 (qd, J = 10.6, 7.3 Hz, 2H) , 4.27 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H) , 3.94 (dd, J = 9.3, 3.1 Hz, 1H) , 3.83 –3.66 (m, 2H) , 3.55 (tdq, J = 19.6, 13.8, 7.2, 6.5 Hz, 3H) , 2.56 (s, 3H) , 2.42 (s, 4H) , 2.10 –1.86 (m, 2H) , 1.03 (s, 6H) .
[0758] Preparation 19: DDE-Fmoc oxyOrn
[0759] Commercially available SM-7A was alkylated with bromoacetonitrile as reported in Example 12 of CN106543227A. The resulting nitrile is hydrogenated to afford the alpha amino Boc protected oxyornithine SM-7C, the free amino group is protected by DDE and the Boc protecting group is then deprotected and the resulting amino group is reprotected with Fmoc to afford SM-7F / DDE-Fmoc oxyOrn after purification. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 13.50 (s, 1H) , 8.58 (s, 1H) , 7.78 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H) , 7.66 (dd, J = 7.5, 5.0 Hz, 2H) , 7.41 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H) , 7.31 (tdd, J = 7.5, 2.5, 1.2 Hz, 2H) , 6.41 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H) , 4.69 –4.59 (m, 1H) , 4.45 (dd, J = 10.4, 7.2 Hz, 1H) , 4.34 (dd, J = 10.4, 7.5 Hz, 1H) , 4.26 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H) , 4.09 (dd, J = 9.4, 3.3 Hz, 1H) , 3.84 (dd, J = 9.4, 2.9 Hz, 1H) , 3.79 –3.68 (m, 2H) , 3.60 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H) , 2.57 (s, 3H) , 2.38 (s, 4H) , 0.99 (s, 6H) .
[0760] Preparation 20: N- ( ( (9H-fluoren-9-yl) methoxy) carbonyl) -O- (2- (tert-butoxy) -2-oxoethyl) -L-serine
[0761] Starting material 22E was prepared as described in Preparation example 10041 of WO2016 / 57624 using commercially available materials. 22E is then transformed to intermediate 22F 22F; N- ( ( (9H-fluoren-9-yl) methoxy) carbonyl) -O- (2- (tert-butoxy) -2-oxoethyl) -L-serine after ester hydrolysis and column purification. NMR of intermediate 22E: methyl N- ( ( (9H-fluoren-9-yl) methoxy) carbonyl) -O- (2- (tert-butoxy) -2-oxoethyl) -L-serinate, 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.76 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H) , 7.65 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H) , 7.39 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H) , 7.30 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H) , 4.50 (s, 1H) , 4.45 –4.31 (m, 2H) , 4.25 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H) , 4.15 –3.93 (m, 3H) , 3.80 (dd, J = 9.8, 3.6 Hz, 1H) , 1.49 (s, 9H) .
[0762] Example 1: Synthesis of prodrug compounds
[0763] Below is a depiction of the structure of the current semaglutide or GLP-1 agonist prodrug using the standard single letter or the three letters amino acid codes with the exception of residues Aib2, where the structures of these amino acid residues have been expanded: The peptide backbone of the current Semaglutide prodrug is synthesized using Fluorenyimethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) / tert-Buty (t-Bu) chemistry on Fmoc-Rink Amide AM-Resin (Sub=0.3-0.4mmol / g) beads manually.
[0764] The resin consists of 1%DVB cross-linked polystyrene (Fmoc-Rink-MBHA Low Loading Resin, 100-200 mesh, at a substitution of Sub=0.3-0.4mmol / g, Motif Biotech, Suzhou China) . Standard side-chain protecting groups are used. Synthesis of the side chain at position 26 are conducted by two methods: 1) . Standard side-chain protecting groups are used. Fmoc-Lys (Mtt) -OH) , is used for the lysine, at position 26; 2) . Fully protected side chain attached Fmoc-Lys, mentioned above is used as fully protected amino acid for lysine at position 26; And Fmoc-His (Tr) -OH) is used for the histidine at position 1. Fmoc groups are removed prior to each coupling step (2x7 minutes) using 20%piperidine in DMF. After the whole peptide amino acids are assembled, the Fmoc protecting group on histidine at position 1 is removed using 20%piperdine while the whole peptide is still bounded to the resin. Then the fully protected substituents depicted in one of the Preparations 1-20 is coupled to the free amino group of the position 1 histidine via standard peptide coupling reactions, alternatively the individual fragments such as those shown in preparation 1-20 are sequentially attached to the resin bound poly-peptide via standard peptide coupling methods to the free amino group of the position 1 histidine via standard peptide coupling reactions. All standard amino acid couplings are performed for 1 hour to a primary amine and 3 hours to a secondary amine, using an equal molar ratio of Fmoc amino acid (0.3 mM) , diisopropylcarbodiimide (0.9 mM) and HOBt (0.9 mM) , at a 9-fold molar excess over the theoretical peptide loading. Exceptions are couplings to Calpha-methylated amino acids, which are coupled for 3-5 hours. After completion of the synthesis of the peptide backbone, the resin is thoroughly washed with DCM for 6 times to remove residual DMF. When using method 1) the Mtt protecting group on the lysine at position 26 is selectively removed from the peptide resin using two treatments of 30%hexafluoroisopropanol in DCM (2×40-minute treatment) . Subsequent attachment of the C-18 diacid-linker moiety is accomplished by coupling of the corresponding side chain acids mentioned above. 3-fold excess of reagents (AA: PyAOP: DIPEA=1: 1: 1 mol / mol) are used for each coupling that is 1-5 hour long.
[0765] For example, Prodrug compound 1 was prepared by this method by utilizing the intermediate (S) -N- (2- (4- (15- (bis (benzyloxy) phosphoryl) pentadecanamido) -5- (tert-butoxy) -5-oxopentanamido) ethyl) -N- ( (tert-butoxycarbonyl) glycyl) glycine from Preparation 7.
[0766] The other Prodrug compounds listed below were prepared similarly or by method that is known to the skilled in the art.
[0767] After the synthesis is complete, the peptide resin is washed with DCM, and then thoroughly air-dried. The dry resin is treated with 10 mL of cleavage cocktail (trifluoro-acetic acid: water: triisopropylsilane. 95: 2.5: 2.5 v / v) for 2 hours at room temperature. The resin is filtered off, washed twice each with 2 mL of neat TFA, and the combined filtrates are treated with 5-fold cold diethyl ether (-20℃) to precipitate the crude peptide. The peptide / ether suspension is then centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 2 min to form a solid pellet, the supernatant is decanted, and the solid pellet is triturated with ether two additional times and dried in vacuo. The crude peptide is solubilized in 20%acetonitrile / 20%acetic acid / 60%water and purified by RP-HPLC on a Luna 5 μm Phenyl-Hexyl Preparative Column (21×250 mm, Phenomenex) with linear gradients of 100%acetonitrile and 0.1%TFA / water buffer system (30-50%acetonitrile in 60min) . The purity of peptide is assessed using analytical RP-HPLC and pooling criteria is >95%. Subsequent lyophilization of the final main product pool yields the lyophilized peptide TFA salt. The molecular weight is determined by LC-MS.
[0768] Salt exchange from TFA to sodium salt:
[0769] The freeze-dried, purified peptide was dissolved to 3-20 mg / mL in an appropriate aqueous buffer such as, but not limited to, 4: 1 water / MeCN, 0.2 M sodium acetate, or 50 mM HEPES buffer pH 7.4. The solution pH was adjusted with aqueous NaOH if necessary to achieve full solubility. The buffered solutions containing the peptide were salt exchanged using a C18 cartridge (0.5-5 g) . The cartridge was first equilibrated with isopropanol, then MeCN, then water. The peptide solution was applied to the cartridge, and the flow through was reapplied to ensure complete retention of peptide. The cartridge was washed with water, then a buffer solution (e.g. pH 7.5) containing such as, but not limited to, NaHCO3, NaOAc, or Na2 HPO4. The cartridge was then washed with water, and the peptide was eluted with 50-80% (v / v) MeCN in water. The peptide-containing eluent was freeze-dried to afford the peptide sodium salt as a white solid. The peptide-containing eluent was freeze-dried to afford the peptide sodium salt as a white solid, which was used as such.
[0770] The compounds are in the following described using the three letter amino acid codes, except for unnatural amino acids depicted in the present disclosure. The substituent carboxylic acid is attached to the amino group of position 1 histidine via an amide bond.
[0771] Prodrug Compound No. 1
[0772] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0773] S corresponds to semaglutide, which is linked to the other part of the prodrug compound via an amide bond of the N-terminal Histine, and the amino acid sequence of semaglutide is SEQ ID NO: 2 which may be referred to as the peptide backbone of the compound.
[0774] The prodrug compound 1 may also be described as follows:
[0775] SEQ ID NO: 5
[0776] MS: Obsd. 4705.00; Calc. : 4705.00.
[0777] Prodrug Compound No. 2
[0778] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 12-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0779] SEQ ID NO: 6
[0780] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0781] Prodrug Compound No. 3
[0782] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 16-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0783] SEQ ID NO: 7
[0784] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0785] MS: Obsd. : 4732.00; Calc. : 4732.92,
[0786] Prodrug Compound No. 4
[0787] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 7-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0788] SEQ ID NO: 8
[0789] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0790] Prodrug Compound No. 5
[0791] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 11-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0792] SEQ ID NO: 9
[0793] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0794] Prodrug Compound No. 6
[0795] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 17-CO- (γ-Glu ) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0796] SEQ ID NO: 10
[0797] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0798] MS: Obsd 4732.92. ; Calc. 4732.00.
[0799] Prodrug Compound No. 7
[0800] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO - (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0801] SEQ ID NO: 11
[0802] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0803] MS: Obsd. 4759.50; Calc. 4760.00,
[0804] Prodrug Compound No. 8
[0805] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 19-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0806] SEQ ID NO: 12
[0807] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0808] Prodrug Compound No. 9
[0809] Gly- {Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] propyl} -Gly-semaglutide
[0810] SEQ ID NO: 13
[0811] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0812] Prodrug Compound No. 10
[0813] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] propyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0814] SEQ ID NO: 14
[0815] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0816] Prodrug Compound No. 11
[0817] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 19-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] propyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0818] SEQ ID NO: 15
[0819] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0820] Prodrug Compound No. 12
[0821] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 11-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] propyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0822] SEQ ID NO: 16
[0823] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0824] Prodrug Compound No. 13
[0825] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 17-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] propyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0826] SEQ ID NO: 17
[0827] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0828] Prodrug Compound No. 14
[0829] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] butyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0830] SEQ ID NO: 18
[0831] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0832] Prodrug Compound No. 15
[0833] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethoxyethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0834] SEQ ID NO: 19
[0835] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0836] Prodrug Compound No. 16
[0837] Ala-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0838] SEQ ID NO: 20
[0839] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0840] MS: Obsd. : 4718.25; Calc. : 4732.00,
[0841] Prodrug Compound No. 17
[0842] Ala-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 17-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0843] SEQ ID NO: 21
[0844] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0845] Prodrug Compound No. 18
[0846] Ala-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0847] SEQ ID NO: 22
[0848] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0849] Prodrug Compound No. 19
[0850] Ala-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 19-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0851] SEQ ID NO: 23
[0852] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0853] Prodrug Compound No. 20
[0854] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0855] SEQ ID NO: 24
[0856] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0857] MS: Obsd. : 4743.75; Calc. : 4744.31,
[0858] Prodrug Compound No. 21
[0859] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 17-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0860] SEQ ID NO: 25
[0861] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0862] Prodrug Compound No. 22
[0863] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0864] SEQ ID NO: 26
[0865] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0866] Prodrug Compound No. 23
[0867] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 19-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0868] SEQ ID NO: 27
[0869] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0870] Prodrug Compound No. 24
[0871] Gly-Nα-2- [HO3S- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0872] SEQ ID NO: 28
[0873] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0874] Prodrug Compound No. 25
[0875] Gly-Nα-2- [HO3S- (CH2) 17-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0876] SEQ ID NO: 29
[0877] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0878] Prodrug Compound No. 26
[0879] Gly-Nα-2- [HO3S- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0880] SEQ ID NO: 30
[0881] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0882] Prodrug Compound No. 27
[0883] Gly-Nα-2- [HO3S- (CH2) 19-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0884] SEQ ID NO: 31
[0885] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0886] Prodrug Compound No. 28
[0887] Gly-Nα-2- [ (HOOCCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 13-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0888] SEQ ID NO: 32
[0889] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0890] Prodrug Compound No. 29
[0891] Gly-Nα-2- [ (HOOCCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 16-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0892] SEQ ID NO: 33
[0893] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0894] MS: Obsd. : 4781.75; Calc. : 4782.48,
[0895] Prodrug Compound No. 30
[0896] Gly-Nα-2- [ (HOOCCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 12-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0897] SEQ ID NO: 34
[0898] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0899] Prodrug Compound No. 31
[0900] Gly-Nα-2- [ (HOOCCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 10-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0901] SEQ ID NO: 35
[0902] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0903] Prodrug Compound No. 32
[0904] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0905] SEQ ID NO: 36
[0906] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0907] MS: Obsd. 4825.75; Calc. 4826.32,
[0908] Prodrug Compound No. 33
[0909] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 16-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0910] SEQ ID NO: 37
[0911] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0912] Prodrug Compound No. 34
[0913] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 13-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0914] SEQ ID NO: 38
[0915] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0916] Prodrug Compound No. 35
[0917] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 11-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0918] SEQ ID NO: 39
[0919] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0920] Prodrug Compound No. 36
[0921] Pro-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0922] SEQ ID NO: 40
[0923] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0924] Prodrug Compound No. 37
[0925] Pro-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 16-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0926] SEQ ID NO: 41
[0927] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0928] Prodrug Compound No. 38
[0929] Pro-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 13-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0930] SEQ ID NO: 42
[0931] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0932] Prodrug Compound No. 39
[0933] Pro-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) 2CH- (CH2) 12-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0934] SEQ ID NO: 43
[0935] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0936] Prodrug Compound No. 40
[0937] Pro-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HCOOCCH2CH2) CH- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0938] SEQ ID NO: 44
[0939] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0940] Prodrug Compound No. 41
[0941] Pro-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HCOOCCH2CH2) CH - (CH2) 16-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0942] SEQ ID NO: 45
[0943] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0944] Prodrug Compound No. 42
[0945] Pro-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HCOOCCH2CH2) CH- (CH2) 13-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0946] SEQ ID NO: 46
[0947] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0948] Prodrug Compound No. 43
[0949] Pro-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HCOOCCH2CH2) CH - (CH2) 11-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0950] SEQ ID NO: 47
[0951] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0952] Prodrug Compound No. 44
[0953] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HCOOCCH2CH2) CH- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0954] SEQ ID NO: 48
[0955] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0956] Prodrug Compound No. 45
[0957] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HCOOCCH2CH2) CH - (CH2) 16-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0958] SEQ ID NO: 49
[0959] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0960] Prodrug Compound No. 46
[0961] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HCOOCCH2CH2) CH- (CH2) 13-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0962] SEQ ID NO: 50
[0963] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0964] Prodrug Compound No. 47
[0965] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HCOOCCH2CH2) CH - (CH2) 11-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0966] SEQ ID NO: 51
[0967] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0968] Prodrug Compound No. 48
[0969] (Me-S-Cys) -Nα-2- { [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0970] SEQ ID NO: 52
[0971] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0972] Prodrug Compound No. 49
[0973] His-Nα-2- { [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0974] SEQ ID NO: 53
[0975] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0976] Prodrug Compound No. 50
[0977] Tyr-Nα-2- { [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0978] SEQ ID NO: 54
[0979] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0980] Prodrug Compound No. 51
[0981] Leu-Nα-2- { [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0982] SEQ ID NO: 55
[0983] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0984] Prodrug Compound No. 52
[0985] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HOOC) CH- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0986] SEQ ID NO: 56
[0987] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0988] Prodrug Compound No. 53
[0989] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HOOC) CH- (CH2) 16-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0990] SEQ ID NO: 57
[0991] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0992] Prodrug Compound No. 54
[0993] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HOOC) CH- (CH2) 13-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0994] SEQ ID NO: 58
[0995] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[0996] Prodrug Compound No. 55
[0997] Gly-Nα-2- [ (H2O3PCH2) (HOOC) CH - (CH2) 11-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[0998] SEQ ID NO: 59
[0999] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1000] Prodrug Compound No. 56
[1001] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 2-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1002] SEQ ID NO: 60
[1003] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1004] Prodrug Compound No. 57
[1005] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 4-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1006] SEQ ID NO: 61
[1007] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1008] Prodrug Compound No. 58
[1009] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 5-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1010] SEQ ID NO: 62
[1011] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1012] Prodrug Compound No. 59
[1013] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 10-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1014] SEQ ID NO: 63
[1015] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1016] Prodrug Compound No. 60
[1017] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 2-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1018] SEQ ID NO: 64
[1019] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1020] Prodrug Compound No. 61
[1021] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 4-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1022] SEQ ID NO: 65
[1023] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1024] Prodrug Compound No. 62
[1025] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 5-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1026] SEQ ID NO: 66
[1027] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1028] Prodrug Compound No. 63
[1029] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 10-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1030] SEQ ID NO: 67
[1031] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1032] Prodrug Compound No. 64
[1033] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 7-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1034] SEQ ID NO: 68
[1035] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1036] Prodrug Compound No. 65
[1037] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 12-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1038] SEQ ID NO: 69
[1039] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1040] Prodrug Compound No. 66
[1041] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 11-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1042] SEQ ID NO: 70
[1043] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1044] Prodrug Compound No. 67
[1045] Pro-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1046] SEQ ID NO: 71
[1047] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1048] Prodrug Compound No. 68
[1049] Pro-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 16-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1050] SEQ ID NO: 72
[1051] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1052] Prodrug Compound No. 69
[1053] Thz-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1054] SEQ ID NO: 73
[1055] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1056] Prodrug Compound No. 70
[1057] Thz-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1058] SEQ ID NO: 74
[1059] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1060] MS: Obsd. 4761.90; Calc. 4762.41,
[1061] Prodrug Compound No. 71
[1062] Thz-Nα-2- [ (HOOC-CH2) 2CH- (CH2) 12-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1063] SEQ ID NO: 75
[1064] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1065] Prodrug Compound No. 72
[1066] Thz-Nα-2- [ (H2O3P-CH2) 2CH- (CH2) 16-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1067] SEQ ID NO: 76
[1068] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1069] Prodrug Compound No. 73
[1070] Pro-Nα-2- [ (4-HOOC-phenoxy) - (CH2) 10-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1071] SEQ ID NO: 77
[1072] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1073] Prodrug Compound No. 74
[1074] Pro-Nα-2- [ (4-HOOC-phenoxy) - (CH2) 9-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1075] SEQ ID NO: 78
[1076] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1077] Prodrug Compound No. 75
[1078] Pro-Nα-2- { [ (4-HOOC-phenoxy) -CH2] 2CH- (CH2) 8-CO- (γ-Glu) } aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1079] SEQ ID NO: 79
[1080] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1081] Prodrug Compound No. 76
[1082] Pro-Nα-2- { [ (4-HOOC-phenoxy) -CH2] 2CH- (CH2) 7-CO- (γ-Glu) } aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1083] SEQ ID NO: 80
[1084] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1085] Prodrug Compound No. 77
[1086] Gly-Nα-2- [ (4-HOOC-phenoxy) - (CH2) 10-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1087] SEQ ID NO: 81
[1088] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1089] Prodrug Compound No. 78
[1090] Gly-Nα-2- [ (4-HOOC-phenoxy) - (CH2) 9-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1091] SEQ ID NO: 82
[1092] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1093] Prodrug Compound No. 79
[1094] Gly-Nα-2- { [ (4-HOOC-phenoxy) -CH2] (H2O3PCH2CH) - (CH2) 8-CO- (γ-Glu) } aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1095] SEQ ID NO: 83
[1096] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1097] Prodrug Compound No. 80
[1098] Gly-Nα-2- { [ (4-HOOC-phenoxy) -CH2] (H2O3PCH2CH) - (CH2) 7-CO- (γ-Glu) } aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1099] SEQ ID NO: 84
[1100] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1101] Prodrug Compound No. 81
[1102] Ala-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO-Orn] -oxoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1103] SEQ ID NO: 85
[1104] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1105] Prodrug Compound No. 82
[1106] Ala-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO-Orn] -oxoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1107] SEQ ID NO: 86
[1108] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1109] Prodrug Compound No. 83
[1110] Ser-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] -aminoethyl-Ala-semaglutide
[1111] SEQ ID NO: 87
[1112] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1113] Prodrug Compound No. 84
[1114] Ser-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] -aminoethyl-Ala-semaglutide
[1115] SEQ ID NO: 88
[1116] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1117] Prodrug Compound No. 85
[1118] Ala-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] aminoethyl-Phe-semaglutide
[1119] SEQ ID NO: 89
[1120] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1121] Prodrug Compound No. 86
[1122] Ala-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] aminoethyl-Phe-semaglutide
[1123] SEQ ID NO: 90
[1124] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1125] Prodrug Compound No. 87
[1126] NMeAla-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 19-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1127] SEQ ID NO: 91
[1128] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1129] Prodrug Compound No. 88
[1130] NMeAla-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 19-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1131] SEQ ID NO: 92
[1132] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1133] Prodrug Compound No. 89
[1134] Phe-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1135] SEQ ID NO: 93
[1136] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1137] MS: Obsd. : 4794.80; Calc. : 4795.57,
[1138] Prodrug Compound No. 90
[1139] Phe-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1140] SEQ ID NO: 94
[1141] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1142] Prodrug Compound No. 91
[1143] Glu-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1144] SEQ ID NO: 95
[1145] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1146] Prodrug Compound No. 92
[1147] Ala-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1148] SEQ ID NO: 96
[1149] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1150] MS: Obsd. : 4682.25; Calc. : 4682.18,
[1151] Prodrug Compound No. 93
[1152] Ala-Nα-3- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] proyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1153] SEQ ID NO: 94
[1154] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1155] Prodrug Compound No. 94
[1156] Ala-Nα-3- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] propyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1157] SEQ ID NO: 98
[1158] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1159] Prodrug Compound No. 95
[1160] Ala-Nα-3- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO-Orn] oxopropyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1161] SEQ ID NO: 99
[1162] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1163] Prodrug Compound No. 96
[1164] Ala-Nα-3- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO-Orn] -oxopropyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1165] SEQ ID NO: 100
[1166] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1167] Prodrug Compound No. 97
[1168] Ala-Nα-4- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO-Orn-] oxobutyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1169] SEQ ID NO: 101
[1170] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1171] Prodrug Compound No. 98
[1172] Ala-Nα-4- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO-Orn-] oxobutyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1173] SEQ ID NO: 102
[1174] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1175] Prodrug Compound No. 99
[1176] (Me-S-Cys) -Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1177] SEQ ID NO: 103
[1178] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1179] Prodrug Compound No. 100
[1180] His-Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutideAla-Nα-3- { [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) - (NHCH2CH2) ] 2-N} -oxopropyl-Gly -semaglutide
[1181] SEQ ID NO: 104
[1182] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1183] Prodrug Compound No. 101
[1184] Tyr-Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1185] SEQ ID NO: 105
[1186] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1187] Prodrug Compound No. 102
[1188] Leu-Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1189] SEQ ID NO: 106
[1190] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1191] Prodrug Compound No. 103
[1192] Glu-Nα-2- { [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1193] SEQ ID NO: 107
[1194] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1195] Prodrug Compound No. 104
[1196] Glu-Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1197] SEQ ID NO: 108
[1198] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1199] Prodrug Compound No. 105
[1200] N-5-AcLys-Nα-2- { [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1201] SEQ ID NO: 109
[1202] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1203] Prodrug Compound No. 106
[1204] N-5-AcLys-Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1205] SEQ ID NO: 110
[1206] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1207] Prodrug Compound No. 107
[1208] 2-Me-Thz-Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1209] SEQ ID NO: 111
[1210] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1211] Prodrug Compound No. 108
[1212] 2-Me-Thz-Nα-2- { [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1213] SEQ ID NO: 112
[1214] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1215] Prodrug Compound No. 109
[1216] Trans-3-hydroxy-Pro-Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1217] SEQ ID NO: 113
[1218] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1219] Prodrug Compound No. 110
[1220] Cis-3-hydroxy-Pro-Nα-2- { [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) ] } -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1221] SEQ ID NO: 114
[1222] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1223] Prodrug Compound No. 111
[1224] Sar-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) - (AEEA) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1225] SEQ ID NO: 115
[1226] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1227] Prodrug Compound No. 112
[1228] Gly-Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γGlu) - (AEEA) - (NHCH2CH2) -] 2-N} -oxoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1229] SEQ ID NO: 116
[1230] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1231] Prodrug Compound No. 113
[1232] Sar-Nα-2- { [HOOC- (CH2) 18-CO- (γGlu) - (AEEA) - (NHCH2CH2) -] 2-N} -oxoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1233] SEQ ID NO: 117
[1234] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1235] Prodrug Compound No. 114
[1236] Gly-Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γGlu) - (NHCH2CH2) -] 2-N} -oxoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1237] SEQ ID NO: 118
[1238] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1239] Prodrug Compound No. 115
[1240] Sar-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 18-CO- (γGlu) - (AEEA) ] -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1241] SEQ ID NO: 119
[1242] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1243] Prodrug Compound No. 116
[1244] Sar-Nα-2- [H2O3P - (CH2) 18-CO- (γGlu) - (AEEA) ] -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1245] SEQ ID NO: 120
[1246] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1247] MS: Obsd. 4919.60; Calc. 4919.62.
[1248] Prodrug Compound No. 117
[1249] Sar-Nα-2- [H2O3P - (CH2) 18-CO- (βAsp) - (AEEA) 2-] -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1250] SEQ ID NO: 121
[1251] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1252] Prodrug Compound No. 118
[1253] Sar-Nα-2- [H2O3P - (CH2) 18-CO- (γGlu) - (AEEA) 2] -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1254] SEQ ID NO: 122
[1255] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1256] Prodrug Compound No. 119
[1257] Sar-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1258] SEQ ID NO: 123
[1259] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1260] MS: Obsd. 4739.00; Calc. 4738.25.
[1261] Prodrug Compound No. 120
[1262] Sar-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -AEEA-AEEA-amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1263] SEQ ID NO: 124
[1264] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1265] MS: Obsd. 5029.20; Calc. 5028.82.
[1266] Prodrug Compound No. 121
[1267] Gly-Nα-2- { [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO] -aminoethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1268] SEQ ID NO: 125
[1269] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1270] Prodrug Compound No. 122
[1271] Sar-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1272] SEQ ID NO: 126
[1273] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1274] MS: Obsd. 4718.34; Calc. 4717.50.
[1275] Prodrug Compound No. 123
[1276] Sar-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1277] SEQ ID NO: 127
[1278] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1279] Prodrug Compound No. 124
[1280] Sar-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1281] SEQ ID NO: 128
[1282] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1283] MS: Obsd. 4682.25; Calc. 4682.18.
[1284] Prodrug Compound No. 125
[1285] Gly-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) - (AEEA) 2-amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1286] SEQ ID NO: 129
[1287] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1288] Prodrug Compound No. 126
[1289] Sar-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1290] SEQ ID NO: 130
[1291] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1292] Prodrug Compound No. 127
[1293] Sar-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1294] SEQ ID NO: 131
[1295] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1296] Prodrug Compound No. 128
[1297] Sar-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) - (AEEA) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1298] SEQ ID NO: 132
[1299] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1300] Prodrug Compound No. 129
[1301] Sar-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) - (AEEA) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1302] SEQ ID NO: 133
[1303] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1304] Prodrug Compound No. 130
[1305] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) - (AEEA) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1306] SEQ ID NO: 134
[1307] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1308] Prodrug Compound No. 131
[1309] Ala-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1310] SEQ ID NO: 135
[1311] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1312] Prodrug Compound No. 132
[1313] Gly-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) - (AEEA) 2-amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1314] SEQ ID NO: 136
[1315] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1316] Prodrug Compound No. 133
[1317] NMeAla-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) - (AEEA) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1318] SEQ ID NO: 137
[1319] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1320] Prodrug Compound No. 134
[1321] Ala-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1322] SEQ ID NO: 138
[1323] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1324] Prodrug Compound No. 135
[1325] Ala-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1326] SEQ ID NO: 139
[1327] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1328] Prodrug Compound No. 136
[1329] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1330] SEQ ID NO: 140
[1331] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1332] Prodrug Compound No. 137
[1333] Pro-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1334] SEQ ID NO: 141
[1335] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1336] Prodrug Compound No. 138
[1337] Phe-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) - (AEEA) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1338] SEQ ID NO: 142
[1339] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1340] Prodrug Compound No. 139
[1341] Phe-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) - (AEEA) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1342] SEQ ID NO: 143
[1343] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1344] Prodrug Compound No. 140
[1345] Thz-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1346] SEQ ID NO: 144
[1347] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1348] Prodrug Compound No. 141
[1349] Thz-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1350] SEQ ID NO: 145
[1351] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1352] Prodrug Compound No. 142
[1353] Ser-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1354] SEQ ID NO: 146
[1355] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1356] Prodrug Compound No. 143
[1357] Ser-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1358] SEQ ID NO: 147
[1359] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1360] Prodrug Compound No. 144
[1361] N6-Ac-Lys-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1362] SEQ ID NO: 148
[1363] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1364] Prodrug Compound No. 145
[1365] Glu-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-GZR18
[1366] SEQ ID NO: 149
[1367] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 3.
[1368] Prodrug Compound No. 146
[1369] Ala-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-Ecnoglutide
[1370] SEQ ID NO: 150
[1371] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 4.
[1372] Prodrug Compound No. 147
[1373] Ala-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-Ecnoglutide
[1374] SEQ ID NO: 151
[1375] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 4.
[1376] Prodrug Compound No. 148
[1377] Pro-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-Ecnoglutide
[1378] SEQ ID NO: 152
[1379] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 4.
[1380] Prodrug Compound No. 149
[1381] Pro-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-Ecnoglutide
[1382] SEQ ID NO: 153
[1383] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 4.
[1384] Prodrug Compound No. 150
[1385] Ser-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-Ecnoglutide
[1386] SEQ ID NO: 154
[1387] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 4.
[1388] Prodrug Compound No. 151
[1389] Phe-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-Ecnoglutide
[1390] SEQ ID NO: 155
[1391] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 4.
[1392] Prodrug Compound No. 152
[1393] Thz-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-Ecnoglutide
[1394] SEQ ID NO: 156
[1395] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 4.
[1396] Prodrug Compound No. 153
[1397] Thz-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-Ecnoglutide
[1398] SEQ ID NO: 157
[1399] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 4.
[1400] Prodrug Compound No. 154
[1401] Gly-Nα-2- [H2O3P- (CH2) 18-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-Ecnoglutide
[1402] SEQ ID NO: 158
[1403] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 4.
[1404] Prodrug Compound No. 155
[1405] Sar-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-Ecnoglutide
[1406] SEQ ID NO: 159
[1407] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 4.
[1408] Prodrug Compound No. 156 (Chem35 as reference compound in Example 22 in WO2022096636A1)
[1409] SEQ ID NO: 160
[1410] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1411] Prodrug Compound No. 157
[1412] SEQ ID NO: 161
[1413] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1414] Reference Compound 1 (Vensemaglutide)
[1415] Reference compound 1 is the Example 1 compound disclosed in WO2022096636A1 with the following name and structure. It will serve as a reference compound when compared to the compounds of the present disclosure.
[1416] Gly-Nα-2- [HOOC- (CH2) 14-CO- (γ-Glu) -amino] ethyl-Gly-semaglutide
[1417] SEQ ID NO: 160
[1418] The peptide backbone of the compound is the SEQ ID NO: 2.
[1419] MS: Obsd. 4667.25; Calc. : 4668.34.
[1420] General methods for measuring conversion half-life
[1421] The assay was performed to investigate the conversion half-life of prodrug to drug of the prodrugs of the invention. The conversion half-life was investigated in vitro at pH 7.4 upon incubation at 37℃.
[1422] Peptide stock solutions were prepared by dissolving freeze-dried powder in PBS buffer (Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline without CaCh and MgCh, gibco 14190-094 adjusted to pH=7.4) to a target of 200 μM. The pH of the peptide stock solutions was adjusted to 7.4 with 0.02 M HCl or 0.02M NaOH. Samples were filled in vials. Vials were capped to prevent evaporation. The vials were incubated at 37℃ with stirring spin bar under constant stirring and samples were withdrawn at different time points over a period of 2 weeks, and samples were analyzed.
[1423] Sample analysis was carried out using HPLC coupled to UV detection at 215 nm. One μl of sample was injected on to an Agilent HPLC with a C18 column (1*150mm) . Binary solvent manager pump having 0.1%formic acid in water as solvent A and 0.1%formic acid in acetonitrile as solvent B.Gradient elution was carried out using 15-32 %B from 0 to 4 min followed by 32 to 48 %B from 4 to 54 min.
[1424] The identity of the prodrug was confirmed by MS and the peak purity, area%, from the UV signal at 215 nm was plotted as the natural logarithm against time and the slope (k) was used to calculate the first order half-life.
[1425] Example 2: Conversion half life
[1426] The prodrug to drug conversion half-life of the compounds of the invention was measured as described in General methods for measuring conversion half-life. The results are presented in Table 2.
[1427] TABLE 2. In Vitro Conversion half life
[1428] Table 2 demonstrates the in vitro conversion half-life of the prodrugs can vary with certain structural changes. Moreover, contrary to what is disclosed in WO2022096636A1 and WO2023217744A1, which calls for in vitro conversion half-life of at least 3 days for oral dosing, the present inventors have unexpectedly found that in vitro conversion half-life of <3 days is optimal for oral dosing due to fast and high efficiency in vivo conversion of prodrug to parent drug. What is more, the present inventors found out that in vitro conversion half-life of = or >3 days is too slow and low in efficiency in in vivo transformation of prodrug to parent drug; thus, those known prodrugs intended for oral dosing have no advantage in enhancing overall oral bioavailability as GLP-1 polypeptide has generally low oral bioavailability, let alone to achieve a less frequent oral dosing (such as once weekly oral dosing) than the oral dosage form of the parent drug.
[1429] Example 3. GLP-1R cAMP assay
[1430] The cAMP functional assays were conducted in HEK293 cells expressing the human GLP-1. Using homogeneous time resolved fluorescence methods, assays were conducted to determine the intrinsic potency of prodrug compound 16 and parent drug semaglutide performed in the presence of casein (instead of serum albumin) as a nonspecific blocker, which does not interact with the fatty acid / long chain phosphonic acid moieties of the analyzed molecules.
[1431] Specifically, suspension cells were harvested and resuspended in assay buffer (5 mM HEPES, 500 μM IBMX, 0.1%casein) according to the following procedure: 5 μL of 2X cell suspension were added to each well, where the optimal cell density was 1, 000 cells per well in a low volume 384-well plate. Agonist serial dilutions in a separate 384 well dilution plate in a 10-point series of 4X dilutions of agonist in assay buffer were performed as follows. 40 μL of the highest concentration of Agonist / DMSO was added to well No. 1.10 μL was removed from well No. 1 and added it to well No. 2, followed by gentle mixing. 10 μL was removed from well No. 2 and added it to well No. 3, followed by gentle mixing. This process was repeated until well No. 10. Additional serial dilutions for additional agonists were set up in a similar manner. 5 μL of each 2X agonist serial dilution was added in duplicate to the designated agonist rows of the assay plate using the Bravo (Agilent Technologies, BravoV11) . Assay plate was incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. Following agonist incubation, a stock of cAMP Working Detection Solution in a separate 15 ml polypropylene tube was prepared by mixing 38 parts of cAMP Lysis Buffer, 1 parts of cAMP-D2, 1 part anti-cAMP cryptate reagent (Cisbio #62AM4PEJ) ) . 10 μL of cAMP Working Detection Solution was added to all wells of the assay plate. Assay plate was incubated for 1 hour at room temperature in the dark for the immunocompetition reaction to occur. Samples were read on Envision (PerkinElmer, Envision2015) .
[1432] Intracellular cAMP levels were determined by extrapolation using a standard curve. Dose response curves of compounds were plotted as the percentage of stimulation normalized to minimum (buffer only) and maximum (maximum concentration of each control ligand) values and analyzed using a four parameter non-linear regression fit with a variable slope (Genedata Screener 13) . EC50 is the concentration of compound causing half-maximal simulation in a dose response curve.
[1433] As one of the key features of the current inventions, the oral or SC dosing of the prodrugs as a release or delivery technology does require the prodrug to have less activity towards the GLP-1 receptor. The difference is recommended to be at least 2-fold or more, preferably 10-fold or more., so the prodrug can become a reservoir for releasing the parent drug without elicit its’ own activity.
[1434] Data are provided below in Table 3A. As seen in Table 3A, prodrug compound 16 showes low GLP-1 receptor acitivty in the presence of 0.1%casein when compared to semaglutide itself.
[1435] Table 3A
[1436] The result indicates that prodrug 16 has no substantial GLP-1 activity. The residue GLP-1 receptor acivity of prodrug compound 16 is resulted from the 1.5%semaglutide contained in the prodrug compound 16 sample.
[1437] The cAMP functional assays for mouse receptor were conducted similarly in HEK293 cells expressing the mouse GLP-1. The results are summarized in Table 3B.
[1438] Table 3B.
[1439] As can be seen in Table 3B, prodrug compound 16 has similar result in mouse GLP-1 receptor assay as human GLP-1 receptor activity.
[1440] The above experiments demonstrated that the prodrug 16 itself has no GLP-1 activity, so all the efficacy in mammalian is due to semaglutide released in vivo.
[1441] Example 4: Pharmacokinetic study in Beagle Dogs
[1442] The purpose of this example is to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of the exemplary compounds as described herein after oral administration to Beagle dogs. This was done in a pharmacokinetic (PK) study, where the PK parameters of the exemplary compounds were determined.
[1443] Study
[1444] Male and Female Beagle dogs were obtained from Beijing Marshall Biotechnology Co. Ltd. approximately 1-3 years of age and weighing from approximately 10-12kg were used in the studies. 1 Male+1 Female / compound. Animals were acclimated to the study room for a minimum of 3 days prior to initiation of dosing. Food and water were available ad libitum (Suzhou Frontage New Drug Development Co., Ltd. ) .
[1445] Preparation of tablets for oral administration: tablets containing a compound of the present disclosure and reference compound 1 used for the PK studies described herein were immediate release SNAC (Sodium N- [8- (2-hydroxybenzoyl) amino] caprylate) -based tablets. The test compounds and reference compound 1 were freeze-dried as neutral sodium salt (pH 7-8) separately. The proper amount of the compound of the present disclosure and reference compound 1, SNAC, magnesium stearate and other excipients were weighed, mixed on a rotor mixture over night. The dry mixture was then pressed into tablets containing 6mg the compound of the present disclosure and 6mg reference compound 1 in each tablet weighing about 550mg per tablet.
[1446] Tablet containing the compound of the present disclosure and the reference compound 1 mixture were administered in the following manner. The dogs were fasted overnight. The tablets were placed in the back of the mouth of the dog. The mouth was then closed and 10 to 20 mL of tap water was given by a syringe to facilitate swallowing of the tablets. The dogs were not given water or food for 4 hours after dosing. After 4 hours the dogs were free to get food and water. Blood was sampled at predefined time points for up till 168 hours after dosing to adequately cover the full plasma concentration-time absorption profile of the prodrugs. For each blood sampling time point approximately 1.2 mL of whole blood was collected in a 1.5 mL EDTA coated tube, and then centrifuged at 4 ℃ and 4000g for 5 minutes.
[1447] Sample analysis
[1448] Sample analysis was performed by Frontage Laboratories (China) Bioanalytical Co. Ltd. . In general, the concentrations of the analyte in the plasma samples and dosing solutions were detected with a LC-MS / MS method based on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) of fragment ions for the dogs pharmacokinetic study. Samples was analyzed by using two separate standard curves, one placed at the beginning of the analytical run and the other arranged towards the end of the sample analysis. Three levels of QCs (low, medium and high) were used to ensure reliability of the assay. The concentrations of the analytes present in plasma were determined using the standard calibration curves.
[1449] Plasma was pipetted into Micronic tubes on dry ice and kept at-20 ℃ until analyzed for plasma concentration of the prodrug and metabolite semaglutide using LCMS. Individual plasma concentration-time profiles were analyzed by a non-compartmental model in Phoenix WinNonL in ver. 6.4. (Pharsight Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA) , and the resulting terminal half-lives (harmonic mean) were determined.
[1450] Results
[1451] TABLE 4
[1452] From these experiments (see Table 4 and Figure 6) , it can be seen that the prodrug compound 1, with the phosphonic acid replacing the terminal chain carboxylic acid in reference compound 1, unexpectedly showed superior drug exposure (36.6%higher AUC0-168hrs. ) after oral dosing of tablets of the two drugs mixed together to the same dogs. The data shows that the prodrug compound 1 has surprisingly higher bioavailability even compared with reference compound 1.
[1453] Example 5: Pharmacokinetic study in Cynomolgus Monkeys (oral route)
[1454] Male and Female Cynomolgus Monkeys were obtained from Huazhen Biotechnology Co. LTD (China) approximately 1.5 to 2 years of age and weighing from approximately 2.6-6kg were used in the studies, 1Male+1Female / compound. Animals were acclimated to the study room for a minimum of 3 days prior to initiation of dosing. Animals may be acclimated to study-specific experimental procedures to identify animals that exhibit increased levels of stress or resistance to the procedure. Animals considered healthy and acceptable for study sequentially assigned to study without randomization. The water was available ad libitum. Food and fruit were given once a day (Suzhou Frontage New Drug Development Co., Ltd. ) .
[1455] Preparation of tablets for oral administration: tablets containing a compound of the present disclosure and reference compound 1 used for the assay described herein were immediate release SNAC-based tablets. The test compounds and reference compound 1 were freeze-dried as neutral sodium salt (pH 7-8) separately. The proper amount of the compound of the present disclosure and reference compound 1, SNAC, magnesium stearate and other excipients were weighed, mixed on a rotor mixture over night. The dry mixture was then pressed into tablets containing 6mg the compound of the present disclosure and 6mg reference compound 1 in each tablet weighing about 550mg per tablet size.
[1456] Tablets of compound 16 or other tested compounds of the present invention were prepared as described above without addition of the Reference compound 1.
[1457] Tablets of compound 1 (1 tablet per animal) or compound 16 (2 tablets per animal) were administered in the following manner. The monkeys were fasted overnight. The tablets were placed in the back of the mouth of the monkeys. The mouth was then closed and 10 to 15 mL of tap water was given by a syringe to facilitate swallowing of the tablets. The monkeys were not given water or food for 4 hours after dosing. Blood was sampled at predefined time points for up till 168 hours after dosing compound 1 to adequately cover the full plasma concentration-time absorption profile of the prodrug, and it was 336 hours for compound 16. For each blood sampling time point approximately 1.2 mL of whole blood was collected in a 1.5 mL EDTA coated tube, and then centrifuged at 4 ℃ and 4000g for 5 minutes.
[1458] Sample analysis
[1459] Sample analysis was performed by Frontage Laboratories (China) Bioanalytical Co. Ltd. . In general, the concentrations of the analyte in the plasma samples detected with a LC-MS / MS method based on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) of fragment ions for the monkey pharmacokinetic study. Samples were analyzed by using two separate standard curves, wherein one placed at the beginning of the analytical run and the other arranged towards the end of the sample analysis. Three levels of QCs (low, medium and high) used to ensure reliability of the assay. The concentrations of the analytes present in plasma determined using the standard calibration curves.
[1460] Specifically, plasma was pipetted into Micronic tubes on dry ice and kept at -20 ℃ until analyzed for plasma concentration of the triple agonists using LCMS. Individual plasma concentration-time profiles were analyzed by a non-compartmental model in Phoenix WinNonLin ver. 6.4. (Pharsight Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA) , and the resulting terminal half-lives (harmonic mean) determined.
[1461] Results
[1462] Table 5A
[1463] From these experiments (see Table 4 and Figure 7) , it can be seen that the prodrug compound 1, with the phosphonic acid replacing the terminal chain carboxylic acid in reference compound 1, unexpectedly showed superior drug exposure (99%higher AUC0-168hrs. ) after oral dosing of tablets of the two drugs mixed together to the same monkey. The data shows that the prodrug compound 1 has surprisingly higher bioavailability even compared with reference compound 1.
[1464] Table 5B. Pharmacokinetics of Prodrug 16 in Cynomolgus Monkeys
[1465] Table 5B shows the mean plasma concentration-time data of Prodrug compound 16, R1=Me, R2=H, A=PO3H2, and metabolite semaglutide released following oral administration of 20mg of Prodrug compound 16 tablets in male and female Cynomolgus Monkeys (N=2, N=1 male +1 female) . The in vitro conversion half-life is ~1 day, and the AUClast ratio of semaglutide to compound 16 is ~1.2 (50058 / 41763) , indicating fast and highly efficient conversion of prodrug 16 to parent drug semaglutide. The results of Table 5B and Figure 1A indicate the prodrug compound 16 has a short conversion half-life and a high AUC for the obtained active parent drug semaglutide after dosing orally, which means a high efficiency in converting to the parent drug. The therapeutically used weekly S.C. dosing of semaglutide at 1.0 mg in humans results in a weekly AUC of ~24, 000 hr*ng / mL. Surprisingly, the prodrug compound 16 tablet given orally to Cyno monkeys resulted in high drug exposure / AUC of semaglutide, and thus QD or QW tablet dosing of prodrug compound 16 in human will afford therapeutically relevant semaglutide exposure at the proper dosages, at the meantime, the reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough of released semaglutide will afford enhanced therapeutical efficacy and low side effect, which is especially important for chronic weight management, and / or the improvement of glycemic control, and / or reduction of the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the high conversion efficiency is suitable for oral dosing of the prodrugs, and can enable daily or weekly oral dosing of the prodrug compounds of the present disclosure with an in vitro conversion T1 / 2 of less than 3 days with sufficient therapeutical exposure of the parent drug semaglutide, ecnoglutide or GZR18.
[1466] Table 5C. Pharmacokinetics of Prodrug 92 in Cynomolgus Monkeys
[1467] *The male monkey chewed the tablets, the cracked tablet with SNAC resulted very little absorption. Even though the male monkey had no absorption due to cracked tablets, yet the fast conversion of prodrug 92 to semaglutide still resulted in excellent semaglutide exposure in female monkey due to fast and high efficiency in conversion of prodrug 92 to parent drug semaglutide (see also Figure 1B) . The AUClast ratio of semaglutide to compd 92 is ~1.07 (30173 / 28117) . This data demonstrates R1=Me, R2=H, A=COOH, T1 / 2 is ~1 day. Prodrug 92 is feasible for QD or QW oral dosing.
[1468] Table 5D. Pharmacokinetics of Prodrug 89 in Cynomolgus Monkeys
[1469] From Table 5D and Figure 1C, it can be seen that Prodrug 89, wherein R1=Bn, R2=H, has excellent oral bioavailability and the fast conversion of the prodrug 89 to parent drug semaglutide (T1 / 2=~ 1 day) enabled sufficient drug exposure of the parent drug semaglutide. The AUClast ratio of semaglutide to compd 89 is ~0.736 (25037 / 34016) .
[1470] Table 5E. Pharmacokinetics of Reference compound 1 vs. Rybelsus in Cynomolgus Monkeys
[1471] Reference compound 1 tablets and Rybelsus tablets were given to different monkeys and their corresponding PKs were compared in Table 5E.
[1472] The reference compound 1 has a preferred conversion T1 / 2 in vitro of more than 3.5 days according to WO2022096636 (see also Table 1) , and high oral bioavailability (AUClast=39139 hr*ng / mL) . Contrary to expectations, the AUClast ratio of semaglutide to reference compound 1 is ~0.2948 (11540 / 39139) . The overall exposure of the semaglutide delivered by reference compound 1 is similar to direct dosing of parent drug semaglutide tablet (Commercial Rybelsus tablet) after dose adjustment to the same mg / kg level (Auclast: 8699 vs. 7746) . Therefore, a less frequency dosing than once daily is difficult to achieve.
[1473] Surprisingly, after comprehensive investigations, the present inventors discovered that, oral dosing of the prodrug compounds 16, 89 and 92 all with in vitro conversion half-life of <3 days, each delivered parent drug semaglutide exposure significantly higher than Rybelsus tablet. Prodrugs 16, 89 and 92 all have greater AUClast ratios of semaglutide to prodrug compound than the reference compound 1 (~0.737-1.2 vs. ~0.2948) . Thus, the present inventors unexpectedly found that prodrugs beneficial for oral dosing require a fast conversion rate from prodrug to parent drug. Preferably the in vitro conversion rate is 0.1 to 2.8 days in vitro. The AUClast ratio of semaglutide to prodrug compound ratio should be >0.5., preferably >0.7 and most preferably = or >1. In addition, it was also surprisingly discovered that the prodrug compounds 16, 89 and 92 afforded the parent drug with reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough, thereby producing a prolonged and flat parent drug concentration-time curve, which will reduce the side effects caused by the high Cmax (such as GI / Nausea) and enhance the efficacy of the parent drug due to increased Ctrough. and also the dosing frequency.
[1474] The overall investigation results show that the conversion of the reference prodrug 1 / vensemaglutide to the parent drug semaglutide may be too slow in rate and low in efficiency for oral dosing, and what is gained with high oral absorption of the prodrug was off-set by the slow and low conversion efficiency to the parent drug semaglutide, which is a technical problem unknown from the known art.
[1475] Example 6: Pharmacokinetic study in Cynomolgus Monkeys (s. c. route)
[1476] The purpose of this example is to determine the PK profiles of the exemplary compounds as described herein after SC administration at ~0.2 mg / kg to monkeys.
[1477] Study
[1478] Male and Female Cynomolgus Monkeys were obtained from Huazhen Biotechnology Co. LTD (China) approximately 1.5-2 years of age and weighing from approximately 2.6-6kg were used in the studies, 1Male+1Female / compound. Animals were acclimated to the study room for a minimum of 3 days prior to initiation of dosing. Animals may be acclimated to study-specific experimental procedures to identify animals that exhibit increased levels of stress or resistance to the procedure. Animals considered healthy and acceptable for study were sequentially assigned to study without randomization. The water was available ad libitum. Food and fruit were given once a day (Suzhou Frontage New Drug Development Co., Ltd. ) .
[1479] The exemplary compounds were dissolved in saline to a concentration of ~0.2 mg / mL. The exemplary compounds were administered by subcutaneous injection at 1mL / kg and blood was sampled at predefined time points for up to 336 or 504 hours post dosing (Cephalic or saphenous veins (non-dosed vein) ) . Blood samples (for example 0.5 mL) were collected into pre-cooled EDTA-K2 tubes and then centrifuged at 4 ℃ and 4000g for 5 minutes.
[1480] Sampling and analysis
[1481] Sample analysis was performed by Frontage Laboratories (China) Bioanalytical Co. Ltd. In general, the concentrations of the analyte in the plasma samples and dosing solutions were detected with a LC-MS / MS method based on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) of fragment ions for the monkey pharmacokinetic study. Samples were analyzed by using two separate standard curves, wherein one placed at the beginning of the analytical run and the other arranged towards the end of the sample analysis. Three levels of QCs (low, medium and high) were used to ensure reliability of the assay. The concentrations of the analytes present in plasma were determined using the standard calibration curves.
[1482] Specifically, plasma was pipetted into Micronic tubes on dry ice and kept at -20 ℃ until analyzed for plasma concentration of the triple agonists using LCMS. Individual plasma concentration-time profiles were analyzed by a non-compartmental model in Phoenix WinNonLin ver. 6.4. (Pharsight Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA) , and the resulting terminal half-lives (harmonic mean) were determined.
[1483] Results
[1484] Table 6A: PK parameters Prodrug Compound 1 as measured after SC administration to monkeys
[1485] Table 6B. Pharmacokinetics of Prodrug Compound 122 in male Cynomolgus
[1486] Table 6C. Pharmacokinetics of Prodrug Compound 116 in male Cynomolgus
[1487] Table 6A, 6B and 6C show the mean plasma concentration-time data of Prodrug compounds 1, 116, 122 and metabolite semaglutide following subcutaneous administration of Prodrug compounds 1, 116 and 122 in Cynomolgus Monkeys.
[1488] We have unexpectedly found that the prodrug compounds of the present disclosure have extended Tmax and prolonged observed terminal half-lives as compared to parent drug semaglutide by s. c. dosing, while achieving a therapeutically effective parent drug exposure; and such long Tmax and observed terminal half-lives are suitable for biweekly or monthly S.C. dosing of the prodrugs. Semaglutide itself generally has an observed terminal half-life of ~50 hrs. in monkey after s. c. dosing. No less importantly, the bi-weekly or monthly SC dosing will afford enhanced convenience / patient compliance. In addition, the current disclosure prodrugs released parent drug semaglutide had reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough and prolonged and flat parent drug concentration-time curve, which provide advantages for reducing side effects and increasing efficacy. The advantage of the reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough and prolonged and flat parent drug concentration-time curve was also demonstrated by Example 8 efficacy study.
[1489] Specifically, the above PK parameters of the prodrug compounds and semaglutide released in vivo in the monkey studies clearly demonstrate that the prodrug compounds, especially prodrugs compounds 1, 116 and 122, achieve in vivo delivery of semaglutide with a smooth / flat drug concentration curve (Figures 2B, 2C and 2D) . Notably, these prodrugs released semaglutide exhibit a relatively reduced Cmax, increased Ctrough and significantly prolonged Tmax and prolonged observed terminal half-life for metabolite semaglutide, compared with the parent semaglutide administered per se, which are of significant advantages for biweekly or monthly SC drug administration (see Tables 6A, 6B and 6C and Figures 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D) . Thus, the prodrug compounds of the present disclosure can be dosed in human by the s. c route on a biweekly or monthly basis, and hence enhancing patients’ compliance. Moreover, high drug Cmax is often associated with adverse drug effect, and thus relatively reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough or smooth / flat drug concentration profile provided by these prodrugs may afford reduced drug adverse effects, yet prolonged parent drug exposure and enhanced therapeutic effect as demonstrated in the DIO mice efficacy study (Example 8) . Thus, the SC dosing of the prodrug compound of the present disclosure with reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough will reduce the side effects caused by the high Cmax (such as GI / Nausea) and enhance the efficacy of the parent drug due to increased Ctrough. The releasing prodrug reservoir for SC dosing is well suited for the delivery of the parent peptide drug as a biweekly or monthly injectable vs. the weekly parent peptide drug dosing, and thus greatly enhance convenience of dosing and patient compliance.
[1490] Example 7: PK Study C57BL / 6J Mice:
[1491] Dose solution of prodrug compound 16 and semaglutide were prepared in saline solution with PH adjusting as needed to ensure a clear solution.
[1492] C57BL / 6J Mice, 18-25 g, male, N=8 / compound, the mice were dosed at 0.25mg / kg by subcutaneous injection. The animals were restrained manually, and approx. 150 μL of blood / time point was collected into pre-cooled EDTA-K2 tubes via retro-orbital injection. Blood samples were centrifuged at 4℃ (4000 g, 5 min) to obtain plasma within 15 min after sample collection. Plasma samples were stored at approximately -80℃ until analysis. The plasma samples were analyzed using LC-MS / MS. The results of the test are shown in Figures 3A and 3B and in the following Tables, wherein the PK parameters were estimated by non-compartmental model using Winnonlin software.
[1493] Table 7A PK parameters of semaglutide in C57BL / 6J Mice
[1494] Table 7B PK parameters of prodrug compound 16 in C57B6 Mice
[1495] From these experiments (see Table 7A &7B, Figure 3A &3B) , it can be seen that the prodrug compound 16 released parent drug semaglutide with prolonged Tmax and T1 / 2 due to the slow-release effect of the prodrug by the SC dosing route. Also, the Cmax of semaglutide released by prodrug 16 is much lower than semaglutide delivered by direct SC injection.
[1496] Example 8. Weight Loss study in DIO mice Studies in HFD-Induced Obese C57BL / 6J Mice:
[1497] To investigate the effect of the polypeptides as described herein on weight loss, exemplary prodrugs were dosed to C57BL / 6J diet-induced obese (DIO) mice at KCI Biotch (Suzhou) Co. Ltd. Specifically, DIO male C57BL / 6 mice (Zhejiang Weitong Lihua Animal House Co. Ltd. (Zhejiang, China) ) maintained on a calorie-rich diet were used in the following studies. Mice were individually housed in a temperature-controlled (24℃. ) facility with 12-hour light / dark cycle and free access to food (Research Diets, D12492) and water. After a minimum of 2 weeks acclamation to the facility, the mice were randomized according to their body weight, so each experimental group of animals would have similar starting body weight. The body weights range from 41 to 50g. In addition, a group of lean mice was included as control.
[1498] All groups contain 8 mice. Mice were treated with vehicle (Saline) , Semaglutide (30nM / kg) or example prodrug 16 at 3, 10 and 30 nmol / kg. Treatments were administered by subcutaneous (SC) injection (10 mL / kg) to ad libitum fed DIO mice 30 to 90 minutes prior to the onset of the dark cycle every 3 days (Q3D) for 30 days. Body weight and food intake were measured prior to dosing throughout the study. Body weight was presented as percent of the starting weight.
[1499] Data were presented as mean±SEM of 8 animals per group in Figures 4A to 5E. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s method comparison test.
[1500] Table 8A. Weight Loss data semaglutide (30nM / kg) vs. Prodrug compound 16 (3, 10 &30nM / kg)
[1501] Table 8B. Accumulative food intake by semaglutide (30nM / kg) vs. Prodrug compound 16 (3, 10&30nM / kg)
[1502] From Table 8A and Figure 4A, it can be seen 10nM / kg of Prodrug compound 16 resulted in the same weight loss effect as 30 nM / kg semaglutide itself, and the other results was the less weight rebounding of the 10nM prodrug 16 dosed mice compared with direct 30nM semaglutide dosed mice due to drug worn off on day 3 before the new dose was administered at later stage of the study (day 10 to day 30) . The weight rebounding was most significant for semaglutide, much less pronounced with prodrug 16. Since prodrug compound 16 itself does not possess GLP-1 activities as indicated in Example 3, all weight lowering effect came from the parent drug semaglutide released in vivo. The result is indicating weight loss effect is not only depending on Cmax but also depending on Ctrough. The fact that 10nM / kg prodrug compound 16 can match the therapeutical efficacy of 30nM semaglutide indicates enhanced PK profile of released parent semaglutide (see data comparison of Table 8A vs. Table 8B in Example 8) . The reduced weight rebound of the prodrug 16 groups (3, 10, &30nM / kg) vs. the semaglutide group indicating the Ctrough is higher (see figure 4A) in the prodrug treated groups thus suppressed the weight rebounding and afforded the enhanced overall therapeutical efficacy. The prodrug compounds of the present disclosure with a medium to slow-release rate in the mammalian species dosed subcutaneously can offer superior therapeutical efficacy compared to the direct injection of parent drug. This is very unexpected finding. The other functional aspect of the medium to slow-release rate of the prodrug to parent drug conversion in the mammalian dosed is ideally suited for injection dosing due to prolonged Tmax and T1 / 2 with SC dosing’s high bioavailability, as well as relatively reduced Cmax and increased Ctrough or smooth / flat drug concentration profile.
[1503] What we have unexpectedly found is prodrug compounds of the present disclosure such as prodrug 16 has different conversion rates / efficiencies in different mammalian species, the conversion rate is high and highly efficient in monkeys, the conversion rate is slow and low efficiency in rats and mice. The AUClast ratios of Prodrug 16 / semaglutide are 120%in monkeys vs. 22%in mice. Thus, the same prodrug compound 16 is suitable for demonstrating oral bioavailability in monkeys (fast and efficient conversion) , but also suitable for therapeutical efficacy study in the widely accepted DIO Mice (slow conversion and slow-release) studies with SC dosing (mimic the slow conversion rate of prodrugs such as Prodrug compounds 1, 122 and 124 in monkeys or humans’ efficacy studies) .
[1504] SEQUENCE LISTING
[1505] Human GLP-1 (7-37) amide
[1506] SEQ ID NO: 1 HAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAKEFIAWLVKGRG
[1507] The amino acid sequence of semglutide:
[1508] SEQ ID NO: 2: HX1EGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAX2EFIAWLVRGRG, wherein X1 is Aib, and X2 is N-ε26- [2- (2- {2- [2- (2- {2- [ (S) -4-Carboxy-4- (17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino) butyrylamino] ethoxy} ethoxy) acetylamino] ethoxy} ethoxy) acety] -Lys.
[1509] The amino acid sequence of GZR18:
[1510] SEQ ID NO: 3: HGEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAXEFIAWLVRGRG, wherein X is N-ε26- [2- (2- {2- [2- (2- {2- [ (S) -4-Carboxy-4- (21-carboxyarachidoylamino) butyrylamino] ethoxy} ethoxy) acetylamino] ethoxy} ethoxy) acety] -Lys.
[1511] The amino acid sequence of Ecnoglutide:
[1512] SEQ ID NO: 4: HVEGTFTSDVSSYLEEQAAREFIXWLVRGRG, wherein X is N-ε30- [2- (2- {2- [2- (2- {2- [ (S) -4-Carboxy-4- (17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)butyrylamino]ethoxy}ethoxy)acetylamino]ethoxy}ethoxy)acety]-Lys.
Claims
A compound of Formula I:or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof,wherein:R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C0-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;R2 is H or Me;or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or C1-3 alkyl;R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C0-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;X is NRc, C (O) or C (O) NH;Y is C1-10 alkylene when X is C (O) , or Y is C2-10 alkylene when X is NRc or C (O) NH, wherein one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene are optionally replaced with a heteroatom (s) independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, and the alkylene is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, OH, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, C3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-to 12-membered heterocyclyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, and -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;R4 is:-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) - (CH2) n-A,-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -Z2-CH2- (CH2) n-A, -CH2- (CH2) n-A,-U (-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-C (O) - (CH2) n-A) 2,-U (-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A) 2, -U (-Z2-Z1-CH2- (CH2) n-A) 2, or -U (-Z2-CH2- (CH2) n-A) 2,wherein R4 is linked to X via an amide bond;Z1 is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue;Z2 is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-4-, or -NH- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH-;wherein when Z1 or Z2 is linked to the -C (O) - (CH2) n-A moiety, then they are linked via an amide bond, respectively; when Z1 or Z2 is linked to either X or U, then they are linked via an amide bond, respectively; and when Z1 is linked to Z2, then Z1 is linked to the -NH-of Z2 via an amide bond, and Z2 is linked to the N atom of X or U via an amide bond;U is:wherein the ---side of U is linked to Z1, Z2 or -C (O) - (CH2) n-A, and theside is linked to X via an amide bond;A is independentlyRa and Rb are each independentlyR5, Rc and Rd are each independently H or C1-6 alkyl;S comprises a GLP-1 agonist, and the N-terminal amino group of the agonist is linked to the other part of the Formula I via an amide bond;n is selected from 1-20;o and p are each independently selected from 1-6;q is selected from 1-6;with the proviso that at least one of A is not COOH, when R1, R2 and R3 are all H and X is NH or when R1 is C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, R2 and R3 are both H, and X is NH; .The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein:R1 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, -C1-6 alkyl-NHC (=NH) NH2, C1-6 alkyl-NH-C (O) Rc, C1-6 alkyl-S-C1-3 alkyl, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ;R2 is H;or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a thiazolidinyl;and R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;such as,R1 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH, or -C1-3 alkylene- (5-to 10-membered heteroaryl) ; such as C1-6 alkyl or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-4 alkyl or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-4 alkyl or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-3 alkyl or -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl; such as C1-2 alkyl or -CH2-phenyl; such as CH3 or -CH2-phenyl;R2 is H; andR3 is H;such as,R1 is C1-6 alkyl; such as C1-4 alkyl, such as C1-3 alkyl; such as C1-2 alkyl, such as CH3;R2 is H; andR3 is H;such as,R1 is -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl; such as -C1-2 alkylene-phenyl; such as -CH2-phenyl;R2 is H; andR3 is H.The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein:R1 is H; R2 is H or CH3;or, wherein R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a pyrrolidinyl; such as pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl or (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl;and R3 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-OH, C1-6 alkyl-NH2, (CH2) 1-3C (O) ORc, (CH2) 1-3C (O) NRcRd, -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl, or -C1-3 alkylene-phenyl-OH;such as, R1 and R2, taken together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a pyrrolidinyl; such as pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl or (R) -pyrrolidin-2-yl; such as (S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl; and R3 is H;such as, R1 is H; R2 is H; and R3 is H;such as, R1 is H; R2 is CH3; and R3 is H.The compound according to any one of claims 1-3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -Z2-C (O) - (CH2) n-A or -C (O) - (CH2) n-A; such as R4 is -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-4-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, or -NH- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A; such as -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-3-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A; such as -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A; such as -Z1-C (O) - (CH2) n-A.The compound according to any one of claims 1-4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is - (CH2) 1-2-O- (CH2) 2-3-, - (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 1-2-, - (CH2) 1-2-O- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-, - (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 1-2-, - (CH2) 1-2-O- (CH2) 2-3-NH- (CH2) 2-3-, - (CH2) 1-2-NH- (CH2) 2-3-O- (CH2) 2-3-or - (CH2) 1-2-NH- (CH2) 2-3-NH- (CH2) 2-3-, such as -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-, - (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-, -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-, - (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-or - (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH- (CH2) 2-.The compound according to any one of claims 1-4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein X is C (O) , and Y is C1-10 alkylene optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl.The compound according to any one of claims 1-4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof wherein X is NRc or C (O) NH, such as X is NH; and Y is C2-10 alkylene optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH and C1-6 alkyl.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Y is linear C2-8 alkylene.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A is independentlyRa and Rb are each independentlyThe compound according to any one of claims 1-8 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein A isRa and Rb are each independentlyand R1 and / or R2 are not H.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is a natural or unnatural amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue, said amino acid residue and each of the amino acid residues of di-, tri-or tetrapeptide being independently selected from the group consisting of L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) , L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, L-merLys, D-homoGlu, D-oxyGlu, D-oxyhomoGlu, D-merGlu, D-merhomoGlu, D-Asp, D-Lys, D-homoLys, D-Orn, D-Dab, D-oxyOrn, D-oxyLys, D-merOrn, D-merLys, L-Ala, D-Ala, L-Arg, D-Arg, L-Asn, D-Asn, L-His, D-His, L-Leu, D-Leu, L-Lys, D-Lys, L-Phe, D-Phe, L-Ser, D-Ser, L-Thz, D-Thz, L-Orn, D-Orn, L-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, D-2, 4-Diaminobutyric acid, 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) , and sarcosine (Sar) .The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z1 is L-Glu, D-Glu, Gly, GABA, L-Asp, L-homoGlu, L-oxyGlu, L-oxyhomoGlu, L-merGlu, L-merhomoGlu, L-Asp, L-Lys, L-homoLys, L-Orn, L-Dab, L-oxyOrn, L-oxyLys, L-merOrn, or L-merLys, such as L-Glu, L-Orn or L-Lys.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Z2 is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 2-or - (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 3-.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein q is selected from 1-3, such as q is 1; and R5 is H.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein Rc and Rd are each independently H.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein n is selected from 6-20, 8-19, and 12-20; o is 1 or 2 and p is 1 or 2; and q is 1 or 2.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein S comprises a GLP-1 agonist with N-terminal histidine and its N-terminal amino group is linked to the other part of the Formula I via an amide bond; and said other part of the Formula I is selected from Substituent 1 to Substituent 158 of the Table 1 of the present disclosure.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein S is semaglutide, ecnoglutide or GZR18.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is selected from a group consisting of the Prodrug Compound No. 1 to Prodrug Compound No. 155.The compound according to any one of the previous claims or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a conversion half-life of 0.1 to 21 days, such as 0.5 to 21 days, especially 3 to 21 days in vitro; or 0.1 to less than 3 days, such as 0.5 to less than 3 days in vitro.The compound according to any one of claims 2 and 4-20 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is suitable for oral dosing.The compound according to any one of claims 2 and 4-20 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a conversion half-life of less than 3 days, such as, not more than 2 days, such as not more than 1 day (such as 0.1 to less than 3 days, such as 0.5 to less than 3 days, such as 0.1 to 2.8 days, such as 0.5 to 2 days, especially 0.5 to 1 day) in vitro and is suitable for oral dosing, especially suitable for once daily or once weekly (especially once weekly) oral dosing, especially suitable for once weekly oral dosing in human.The compound according to any one of claims 3-20 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is suitable for subcutaneous injection.The compound according to any one of Claims 3-20 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound has a conversion half-life of at least 3 days, such as at least 3.5 days, such as at least 4 days, such as at least 6 days, such as 3.5 to 21, 4 to 12, 4 to 10, 5 to 12, 6 to 15, 6 to 12, 3.5 to 9, 4 to 9, 9 to 12, 10 to 12, 10 to 15, or 9 to 21 days in vitro, and is suitable for subcutaneous injection, especially suitable for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection, especially suitable for once biweekly or less frequently (e.g. once every 3 weeks, 4 weeks or a month) subcutaneous injection in human.A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the compound is:A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound of any one of claims 1-24 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.The compound according to any one of claims 1-25 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use as a medicament.The compound according to any one of claims 1-25 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for use in the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or in weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , in chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , in the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) .Use of the compound of any one of claims 1-25 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) ) .Use of the compound of any one of claims 1-25 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) .A method for the treatment or prevention of diabetes, obesity, overweight, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) , metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) , cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD) , diabetic kidney disease (DKD) , peripheral arterial disease (PAD) , and / or heart failure (HF) , and / or for weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for chronic weight management (in a subject with obesity or overweight) , for the improvement of glycemic control (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus) , and / or for reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (in a subject with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) , in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound of any one of claims 1-25 or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof.A compound of Formula II:or a salt or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein:LG is a leaving group of a nucleophilic substitution reaction / peptide coupling reaction, such as OH, Cl, O (CH2) 0-10CH3, imidazol-1-yl, 2, 5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl, or 1, 3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl; X is as defined in any one of the claims 1-24;R1’, R2’, R3’ and Y’ are R1, R2, R3 and Y as defined in any one of the claims 1-24, respectively, wherein an amine, amide, carboxylic acid, hydroxy and / or thiol groups thereof, if any, are optionally protected by a protecting group; andR4’ is:(1) R4 as defined in any one of the claims 1-24;(2) -Z1’ ;(3) -Z2’ ;(4) -Z2-Z1’ ;(5) -U (H) 2;(6) -U (-Z1’ ) 2, -U (-Z2-Z1’ ) 2, -U (-Z2’ ) 2;wherein:-Z1’ is an amino acid residue or a di-, tri-or tetrapeptide residue corresponding to Z1 in any one of the claims 1-24;-Z2’, which is -C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH2, HOC (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH-, (-C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 1-3-C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH2, HOC (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH- (C (O) -CH2-O- (CH2) 2-O- (CH2) 2-NH) 1-3-, -NH- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH2 or H2N- ( (CH2) 2-O) 1-6- (CH2) 2-NH-;-Z2-and -U-are as defined in any one of the claims 1-24, respectively;and wherein an amine, amide, carboxylic acid, hydroxy and / or thiol groups of R4’, if any, are optionally protected by a protecting group;or, R4’-X’ forms NH2, C (O) OH or NHC (O) NH2, which is optionally protected by a protecting group;with the proviso that at least one of A from R4, if any, is not COOH, when R1’, R2’ and R3’ are all H, especially at least one of A from R4, if any, is not COOH, when both R1 and R2 are H; or with the proviso that at least one of R1’, R2’ and R3’ is not H, when R4’-X’ forms NH2, C (O) OH or NHC (O) NH2, especially at least one of R1’ and R2’ is not H, when R4’-X’ forms NH2, C (O) OH or NHC (O) NH2.
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