Intelligent decision-making control method and system for staged sulfidation microscopic chemical reactions of high-arsenic waste acid from copper smelting

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intelligent decision-making control method and system for staged sulfidation microscopic chemical reactions of high-arsenic waste acid from copper smelting, the system comprising a staged sulfidation module, a real-time monitoring module, an intelligent decision-making module, and a terminal execution module. In the present invention, the intelligent decision-making module is used to: acquire microscopic chemical information from the real-time monitoring module, analyze the arsenic speciation and phase state in a raw solution to determine whether a chemical reaction can occur, determine a staged combination of sulfidation reactions on the basis of the arsenic concentration in the raw solution, calculate a total arsenic amount and a hydrogen sulfide addition amount on the basis of the valence state, concentration and flow rate of arsenic in a first-stage influent, calculate a total arsenic amount and a hydrogen sulfide addition amount on the basis of the valence state, concentration and flow rate of arsenic in a second-stage influent, and calculate a total arsenic amount and a hydrogen sulfide addition amount on the basis of the valence state, concentration and flow rate of arsenic in a third-stage influent; and finally, the terminal execution module is used to dynamically adjust a liquid diversion direction and a hydrogen sulfide addition rate in each-stage reaction process. Thus, closed-loop feedback and optimal control of a sulfidation process is achieved by means of concentration-based diversion direction control and precise hydrogen sulfide addition, thereby reducing arsenic-containing hazardous waste generation.

Description

Intelligent decision control method and system for micro-chemical reaction of high-arsenic polluted acid in copper smelting by gradient sulfuration TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of clean production of polluted acid treatment, and particularly relates to an intelligent decision control method and system for micro-chemical reaction of high-arsenic polluted acid in copper smelting by gradient sulfuration. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the total amount of polluted acid produced by copper pyrometallurgy in China is large, about 15 million m 3 / year; the heavy metal concentration is high, such as arsenic ions up to 30,000 mg / L; the occurrence state is complex and changeable, such as double-state and double-form As 3+ , As 5+ , AsO3 3- , AsO4 3- ; the concentration span is large, such as the difference between high and low ion concentrations is 300,000 times, and the environmental risk is extremely high. Although the polluted acid precipitation treatment technology for copper smelting has been continuously improved from lime precipitation to sulfuration precipitation, and the sulfuration agent has been upgraded from sodium sulfide and sodium hydrosulfide to hydrogen sulfide, but from the actual operation, the problems of arsenic exceeding standard in sulfuration filtrate, large emission of toxic gas, and high generation of arsenic hazardous waste have not been significantly improved.

[0003] Especially important is that the existing analysis method can only determine the total arsenic in the polluted acid, and cannot analyze the real valence and form of arsenic-containing species such as As 3+ , As 5+ , AsO3 3- , AsO4 3- , etc. The chemical mechanism, species form, treatment concentration, total amount of substance, and reaction efficiency of each unit in the precipitation treatment process are different, and it is difficult for enterprises to accurately determine the hydrogen sulfide addition amount according to the valence and concentration of the species in each unit, resulting in the three high phenomena in the production site: high arsenic concentration in the original solution, high hydrogen sulfide addition amount, high arsenic concentration in the filtrate, more toxic gas emission, and large generation of hazardous waste. Therefore, it is an urgent need for enterprises to improve production efficiency, reduce high-arsenic hazardous waste, reduce production cost, and meet the emission standard to invent an intelligent decision control method and system for micro-chemical reaction of high-arsenic polluted acid in copper smelting by gradient sulfuration.

[0004] SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide an intelligent decision control method and system for micro-chemical reaction of high-arsenic polluted acid in copper smelting by gradient sulfuration, to solve the problem that it is difficult to accurately determine the hydrogen sulfide addition amount according to the valence and concentration of the species in each unit, resulting in the three high phenomena in the production site: high arsenic concentration in the original solution, high hydrogen sulfide addition amount, high arsenic concentration in the filtrate, more toxic gas emission, and large generation of hazardous waste.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one aspect, the application provides a copper smelting high-arsenic contaminated acid stepwise sulfidation micro-chemical reaction intelligent decision control system, comprising a stepwise sulfidation module, a real-time monitoring module, an intelligent decision module and a terminal execution module,

[0008] The stepwise sulfidation module is used for storing and implementing a plurality of groups of containers for sulfidation reaction, the plurality of groups of containers are subjected to multi-gradient grading, and the plurality of groups of containers are connected through main and bypass pipelines, electromagnetic valves connected on the main and bypass pipelines are used for opening and closing operation of the corresponding pipelines, and flow meters connected on the main and bypass pipelines are used for flow monitoring;

[0009] The real-time monitoring module is used for sample collection of the plurality of groups of containers and micro-chemical information detection of arsenic, including detection and analysis of valence state, form, phase state and concentration, and the corresponding information is transmitted to the intelligent decision module;

[0010] The intelligent decision module intelligently judges whether the sulfidation reaction can occur according to the arsenic form in the fluid provided by the real-time monitoring module, the sulfidation reaction cannot occur when the arsenic form is an anion group, the fluid is returned to the previous process, the sulfidation reaction can occur when the arsenic form is a cation, and then enters the stepwise sulfidation module, and the liquid is divided into the plurality of groups of containers in different gradient grading according to the arsenic ion concentration, the total amount of arsenic is calculated according to the arsenic concentration and flow rate of each stage, and the total amount of hydrogen sulfide is automatically calculated according to the valence state of arsenic and the molar ratio of chemical reaction;

[0011] The terminal execution module opens and closes the electromagnetic valves on the main and bypass pipelines according to the instructions issued by the intelligent decision module, realizes automatic switching of the gradient levels between the plurality of groups of containers, adjusts the valve opening degree on the hydrogen sulfide pipeline, and controls the total amount and rate of hydrogen sulfide added into the stepwise reaction unit container.

[0012] As a further scheme of the application, the plurality of groups of containers of the stepwise sulfidation module comprise a contaminated acid stock solution tank for providing stock solution storage, a first-stage sulfidation tank for first-stage treatment, a second-stage sulfidation tank for second-stage treatment, and a third-stage sulfidation tank for third-stage treatment.

[0013] As a further scheme of the application, the total arsenic content of the first-stage sulfidation tank is greater than or equal to 20,000 mg / L, the total arsenic content of the second-stage sulfidation tank is greater than or equal to 10,000 mg / L, and the total arsenic content of the third-stage sulfidation tank is greater than or equal to 20 mg / L.

[0014] As a further scheme of the application, the first-stage sulfidation tank, the second-stage sulfidation tank and the third-stage sulfidation tank are controlled by opening and closing the electromagnetic valves on the main and bypass pipelines, so that the first-stage sulfidation tank, the second-stage sulfidation tank and the third-stage sulfidation tank are graded and combined.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present application: the real-time monitoring module comprises an adjustable high-purity monochromatic light source, a multi-optical-path combined sample flow cell, a multi-point light detector and a weak signal processor, the sample flow cell is connected to a plurality of containers in the cascade sulfidation module, the high-purity monochromatic light source irradiates on the fluid in the sample flow cell, the transmitted light after the incident light penetrates through the sample is collected by the light detector and the signal processor.

[0016] As a further scheme of the present application: the intelligent decision module calculates the total mass of arsenic Q As = arsenic concentration * fluid flow rate, the total mass of hydrogen sulfide Q H2S = K * 96 / 150 * Q As , K is an excess coefficient.

[0017] As a further scheme of the present application: the anion group is AsO3 3- , AsO4 3- , the cation is As 3+ , As 5+ , the valence state of arsenic is As 3+ , As 5+ , and the value of K is 1.1-1.6.

[0018] As a further scheme of the present application: the diameters of the main path and the bypass pipeline in the cascade sulfidation module are equal, and the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve on the main path and the bypass pipeline is 0-100%.

[0019] In another aspect, a copper smelting high-arsenic contaminated acid cascade sulfidation micro-chemical reaction intelligent decision control method applied to the system is also provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. The contaminated acid fluid containing arsenic is introduced into the cascade sulfidation module and flows in a plurality of cascade containers in the cascade sulfidation module;

[0021] S2. When the contaminated acid flows in the plurality of cascade containers in the cascade sulfidation module, the real-time monitoring module detects the valence state, form, phase state and concentration of arsenic in the contaminated acid;

[0022] S3. The monitored information is transmitted to the intelligent decision module, when the arsenic form in the contaminated acid cannot undergo sulfidation reaction, the flow electromagnetic valve of the cascade sulfidation module is controlled to be closed to make the contaminated acid backflow, when the arsenic in the contaminated acid can undergo sulfidation reaction, the flow electromagnetic valve of the cascade sulfidation module is controlled to be opened at the corresponding point according to the arsenic concentration in the contaminated acid, the plurality of cascade containers in the cascade sulfidation module are subjected to multi-stage cascade, and the terminal execution module controls a corresponding amount of hydrogen sulfide gas to be added into the cascade containers in the cascade sulfidation module at the corresponding end, so that the arsenic in the contaminated acid is subjected to sulfidation reaction in the multi-stage cascade containers.

[0023] S4. After the arsenic concentration of the waste acid treatment reaches the discharge standard, the effluent is guided out through the effluent pipeline of the cascade sulfidation module.

[0024] As a further aspect of the present application: the arsenic concentration in the filtrate after the waste acid treatment is less than 20 mg / L.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present application obtains micro-chemical information from the real-time monitoring module through the intelligent decision-making module, determines whether the chemical reaction can occur according to the arsenic form and phase analysis of the original solution, determines the sulfidation reaction cascade combination according to the arsenic concentration of the original solution, calculates the total arsenic and hydrogen sulfide addition amount according to the arsenic valence state concentration and flow rate of the first-stage inlet liquid, calculates the total arsenic and hydrogen sulfide addition amount according to the arsenic valence state concentration and flow rate of the second-stage inlet liquid, and calculates the total arsenic and hydrogen sulfide addition amount according to the arsenic valence state concentration and flow rate of the third-stage inlet liquid. Finally, the terminal execution module dynamically adjusts the liquid diversion direction and the hydrogen sulfide addition rate of each stage of the reaction process, realizes closed-loop feedback and optimal control of the concentration separation control direction and precise addition of hydrogen sulfide in the sulfidation process, and is beneficial to improving the sulfidation production efficiency and reducing the amount of arsenic-containing hazardous waste.

[0027] 2. The present application controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve on the main road and bypass pipeline between the first-stage sulfidation tank, the second-stage sulfidation tank and the third-stage sulfidation tank, so that the first-stage sulfidation tank, the second-stage sulfidation tank and the third-stage sulfidation tank are transformed and combined in stages. The terminal execution module determines the arsenic concentration in the current waste acid original solution tank according to the arsenic content signal transmitted by the real-time monitoring module, and controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve on the multiple main roads and bypass pipelines in the cascade sulfidation module, so as to realize the gradient mutual transformation between the multiple cascade first-stage sulfidation tanks, second-stage sulfidation tanks and third-stage sulfidation tanks. The multiple first-stage sulfidation tanks, second-stage sulfidation tanks and third-stage sulfidation tanks are used to treat waste acid with different concentrations and flow rates in multiple gradient sulfidation processes, and the treatment gradient is variable, so the application range is wide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Fig. 1 is a general system schematic diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] As shown in Figure 1 is the overall system schematic diagram of the present application, provides a kind of copper smelting high arsenic contaminated acid gradient sulfidation microcosmic chemical reaction intelligent decision control system, including gradient sulfidation module, real-time monitoring module, intelligent decision module and terminal execution module,

[0032] Gradient sulfidation module is used to store and realize the multiple groups of containers of sulfidation reaction, multiple groups of containers are carried out multi-gradient grading, and multiple groups of containers are connected by main road and bypass pipeline, electromagnetic valve is connected on main road and bypass pipeline to carry out corresponding pipeline opening and closing operation, multiple groups of containers store the fluid imported, and let contaminated acid fluid pass through main road and bypass pipeline and flow between multiple groups of containers, flow meter for flow monitoring is connected on main road and bypass pipeline, the flow between multiple groups of containers in gradient sulfidation module is detected by flow meter, and the detection information is transmitted to real-time monitoring module, intelligent decision module and terminal execution module, after contaminated acid is imported into the container corresponding to multiple-gradient grading, hydrogen sulfide is imported by controlling the opening degree of hydrogen sulfide valve of terminal execution module, so that hydrogen sulfide reacts with As 3+ 、As 5+ Ion to achieve the purpose of gradient sulfidation removal of arsenic;

[0033] Real-time monitoring module is used for sample collection of multiple groups of containers and carries out the detection of arsenic microcosmic chemical information, including the detection analysis of valence state, form and phase, and the corresponding information is transmitted to intelligent decision module according to the detection of arsenic concentration of valence state, the results of detection analysis of arsenic valence state, form and phase in multiple-gradient container, the microcosmic chemical information such as (As 3+ 、As 5+ , AsO3 3- , AsO4 3- ) and concentration in contaminated acid are uploaded to intelligent decision module in real time;

[0034] Intelligent decision module intelligently judges whether sulfidation reaction can occur according to the arsenic form provided by real-time monitoring module, when arsenic form is anion group (AsO3 3- 、AsO4 3- ), sulfidation reaction cannot occur, then the fluid is returned to the previous process, when arsenic form is cation (As 3+ 、As 5+ ), sulfidation reaction can occur, then it enters gradient sulfidation module, and according to arsenic ion concentration, liquid is divided and enters multiple groups of containers of different gradient grading, then according to arsenic valence state (As 3+ 、As 5+ ) and chemical reaction molar ratio, the total amount and addition rate of hydrogen sulfide are automatically calculated, intelligent decision module uses thermodynamic principle (whether sulfidation reaction can occur depends on the form of arsenic, sulfidation reaction can occur: 2As 3+ +3S2- → As2S3↓ (solid precipitate), 2As 5+ + 5S 2- → As2S3↓ + 2S↓ (solid precipitate). The sulfuration reaction cannot occur: AsO3 3- + S 2- , AsO4 3- + S 2- cannot form a precipitate), according to the arsenic form provided by the real-time monitoring module, intelligently determine whether the sulfuration reaction can occur, such as arsenic AsO3 3- , AsO4 3- , the sulfuration reaction cannot occur, the raw solution of polluted acid returns to the previous process, and is strictly prohibited from entering the sulfuration unit, such as arsenic As 3+ , As 5+ , the chemical reaction can occur, and the raw solution of polluted acid enters the sulfuration process; second, using the principle of kinetics (the degree of sulfuration reaction depends on the valence state of arsenic, 2As 3+ (relative atomic mass 150) + 3S 2- (relative atomic mass 96) → As2S3↓, 2As 5+ (relative atomic mass 150) + 5S 2- (relative atomic mass 160) → As2S3↓ + 2S↓, As 5+ consumes more sulfur than As 3+ 60%), according to the arsenic concentration provided by the real-time monitoring module, intelligently determine the number of sulfuration steps; third, using the chemical reaction formula 2As 3+ + 3S 2- = As2S3, further according to the valence state of arsenic provided by the real-time monitoring module, and the optimal control logic information is issued to the terminal execution module;

[0035] The terminal execution module opens and closes the electromagnetic valves on the main and bypass pipelines according to the instructions issued by the intelligent decision module, realizes the automatic switching of the gradient level between multiple groups of containers, and adjusts the valve opening degree on the hydrogen sulfide pipeline to control the total amount and rate of hydrogen sulfide added in the container of the step reaction unit. The terminal execution module, first, controls the direction of the raw solution of polluted acid and the opening or closing of the corresponding electromagnetic valve according to the form of arsenic in the raw solution, such as arsenic AsO3 3- , AsO4 3- , open the return liquid pipeline valve and close the sulfuration pipeline valve, such as arsenic As 3+ , As 5+Then close the return liquid pipeline valve and open the sulfurization pipeline valve; second, automatically adjust the opening or closing of the main and bypass pipeline valves of the raw liquid according to the arsenic concentration in the raw liquid; third, dynamically adjust the opening of the hydrogen sulfide valve to meet the requirements of hydrogen sulfide addition amount and addition speed in the cascade reaction unit according to the pressure in the hydrogen sulfide tank and the instantaneous data of the hydrogen sulfide flowmeter, using the principles of thermodynamics and kinetics. First, the real-time monitoring module obtains the micro-chemical information of arsenic in the cascade tank and feeds back the data to the intelligent decision module; the intelligent decision determines whether the chemical reaction can occur according to the arsenic form in the raw liquid, determines the molar ratio of hydrogen sulfide reaction according to the arsenic valence, determines the number of sulfurization stages according to the arsenic concentration, calculates the total amount of arsenic and the amount of hydrogen sulfide added according to the liquid concentration and flow; finally, the terminal execution module dynamically adjusts the liquid diversion direction and the hydrogen sulfide addition rate to realize the closed-loop feedback and optimal control of the sulfurization process according to the concentration control of the diversion direction and the precise addition of hydrogen sulfide, greatly improving the production efficiency, reducing the amount of arsenic-containing hazardous waste, reducing production costs and meeting the needs of standard emissions.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 1, the real-time monitoring module includes an adjustable high-purity monochromatic light source, a multi-optical-path combined sample flow cell, a multi-point light detector, and a weak signal processor. The sample flow cell is connected to multiple groups of containers in the cascade sulfurization module. The high-purity monochromatic light source irradiates the fluid in the sample flow cell. The transmitted light after the incident light passes through the sample attenuates. The corresponding spectral signal is collected by the light detector and the signal processor. The micro-chemical information mainly refers to the occurrence state of arsenic, such as trivalent cationic arsenic As 3+ , pentavalent cationic arsenic As 5+ , arsenite AsO3 3- , arsenate AsO4 3- , and their corresponding concentrations C.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 1, the intelligent decision module calculates the total mass of arsenic Q As = arsenic concentration * fluid flow, and the total mass of hydrogen sulfide Q H2S = K * 96 / 150 * Q As . K is the excess coefficient. The data of trivalent cationic arsenic As 3+ and pentavalent cationic arsenic As 5+ detected by the real-time monitoring module are transmitted to the terminal execution module. The data is fed back to the intelligent decision module (hardware is server and computer, software is logical decision model and chemical calculation model). According to the calculated amount of hydrogen sulfide, it is transmitted to the terminal execution module, so that the terminal execution module can send the optimal control logic information to the terminal execution mechanism. The amount of hydrogen sulfide is multiplied by the excess coefficient K, and the value of K is 1.1-1.6, which ensures that arsenic ions react with hydrogen sulfide to generate precipitates.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 1, the diameters of the main path and bypass path pipes in the step-by-step vulcanization module are equal, the opening degrees of the electromagnetic valves on the main path and bypass path pipes are 0-100%, the fluid is quickly transmitted through the main path and bypass path pipes with equal diameters, the timely and rapid flow of the fluid is ensured, and the electromagnetic valves on the main path and bypass path pipes can be quickly opened and closed.

[0039] Embodiment 2:

[0040] As shown in FIG. 1, the multiple groups of containers of the step-by-step vulcanization module include a raw acid raw liquid tank for providing raw liquid storage, a first-stage vulcanization tank for first-stage treatment, a second-stage vulcanization tank for second-stage treatment, and a third-stage vulcanization tank for third-stage treatment. The arsenic concentration of the raw acid in the raw acid raw liquid tank is detected, and according to the gradient change of the arsenic concentration, the raw acid is introduced into the corresponding first-stage vulcanization tank through the main path and bypass path pipes and electromagnetic valves of each stage of vulcanization reaction, and is subjected to vulcanization treatment in cooperation with the introduced hydrogen sulfide gas. After the arsenic concentration gradient is reduced, the raw acid is sequentially introduced into the second-stage vulcanization tank and the third-stage vulcanization tank, and the above vulcanization treatment steps are repeated to perform three-stage step-by-step vulcanization reaction. The reaction gradient is controlled reasonably, and the raw acid generated in daily copper pyrometallurgy can be effectively treated.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 1, the total arsenic content introduced into the first-stage vulcanization tank is greater than or equal to 20,000 mg / L, the total arsenic content introduced into the second-stage vulcanization tank is greater than or equal to 10,000 mg / L, and the total arsenic content introduced into the third-stage vulcanization tank is greater than or equal to 20 mg / L. If the arsenic content is 20,000 mg / L-30,000 mg / L, the step-by-step vulcanization is three-stage, if the arsenic content is 10,000 mg / L-20,000 mg / L, the step-by-step vulcanization is two-stage, and if the arsenic content is 20 mg / L-10,000 mg / L, the step-by-step vulcanization is one-stage. The raw acid is subjected to vulcanization treatment under different gradient concentrations, different concentrations of arsenic content correspond to different hydrogen sulfide gas introduction rates, the terminal execution module can issue corresponding instructions, the hydrogen sulfide introduction amount is strictly controlled, and the waste of raw materials is reduced under the condition that the raw acid treatment meets the standard.

[0042] Further, the electromagnetic valves on the main path and bypass path pipes between the first-stage vulcanization tank, the second-stage vulcanization tank, and the third-stage vulcanization tank are opened and closed to control the step-by-step transformation and multiple combinations of the first-stage vulcanization tank, the second-stage vulcanization tank, and the third-stage vulcanization tank. The terminal execution module judges the current arsenic concentration in the raw acid raw liquid tank according to the raw acid content signal transmitted by the real-time monitoring module, opens and closes the electromagnetic valves on the multiple main path and bypass path pipes in the step-by-step vulcanization module, and then performs the gradient mutual transformation between the multiple first-stage vulcanization tanks, second-stage vulcanization tanks, and third-stage vulcanization tanks, so as to realize the automatic switching of the first-stage vulcanization→second-stage vulcanization→third-stage vulcanization. The multiple first-stage vulcanization tanks, second-stage vulcanization tanks, and third-stage vulcanization tanks are used to perform multiple gradient vulcanization treatment on different flow rates of raw acid, the treatment gradient is variable, the application range is wide, and the raw acid vulcanization treatment efficiency is high.

[0043] A kind of copper smelting high-arsenic contaminated acid step sulfurization micro-chemical reaction intelligent decision control method, it is applied to the above-mentioned system, it includes the following steps:

[0044] S1.Arsenic-containing contaminated acid fluid is introduced into the step sulfurization module, and flows through in multiple groups of graded containers in the step sulfurization module.

[0045] S2.When the contaminated acid is in the multiple groups of graded containers in the step sulfurization module, the valence, form, phase and concentration of arsenic in the contaminated acid are detected by a real-time monitoring module.

[0046] S3.The monitored information is transmitted to an intelligent decision module, when the arsenic form in the contaminated acid cannot undergo a sulfurization reaction, the circulation electromagnetic valve of the step sulfurization module is closed to allow the contaminated acid to flow back, when the arsenic in the contaminated acid can undergo a sulfurization reaction, the circulation electromagnetic valve of the step sulfurization module is opened according to the arsenic concentration in the contaminated acid, the multiple groups of containers in the step sulfurization module are allowed to be graded, and the terminal execution module controls the addition of a corresponding amount of hydrogen sulfide gas into the corresponding step sulfurization module in the step sulfurization module, allowing the arsenic in the contaminated acid to undergo a sulfurization reaction in the multiple groups of graded containers.

[0047] S4.After the arsenic concentration in the contaminated acid is treated to reach the discharge standard, it is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe of the step sulfurization module.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 1, the arsenic concentration in the contaminated acid is less than 20 mg / L, and is treated by multiple groups of graded sulfurization to reach the discharge standard.

[0049] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A copper smelting high arsenic contaminated acid stepwise sulfidation micro-chemical reaction intelligent decision control system, characterized in that, Comprise: A stepwise vulcanization module, a real-time monitoring module, an intelligent decision-making module, and a terminal execution module, The stepwise vulcanization module is used for storing and implementing a plurality of groups of containers of vulcanization reactions, the plurality of groups of containers are subjected to multi-gradient grading, and the plurality of groups of containers are connected through main roads and bypass pipelines, electromagnetic valves connected on the main roads and the bypass pipelines are used for opening and closing corresponding pipelines, and flow meters for flow monitoring are connected on the main roads and the bypass pipelines; The real-time monitoring module is used for sample collection of the plurality of groups of containers and detection of micro-chemical information of arsenic, including detection and analysis of valence state, form, phase state, and concentration, and corresponding information is transmitted to the intelligent decision-making module; The intelligent decision-making module intelligently judges whether the vulcanization reaction can occur according to arsenic form provided by the real-time monitoring module, the vulcanization reaction cannot occur when the arsenic form is an anion group, the fluid is returned to the previous process, the vulcanization reaction can occur when the arsenic form is a cation, and then the fluid enters the stepwise vulcanization module, and liquid is branched according to arsenic ion concentration and enters a plurality of groups of containers of different gradient grading, the total amount of arsenic is calculated according to the arsenic concentration and flow rate of each stage, and the total amount of hydrogen sulfide is automatically calculated according to the valence state of arsenic and the molar ratio of chemical reaction; The terminal execution module opens and closes the electromagnetic valves on the main roads and the bypass pipelines according to the instructions issued by the intelligent decision-making module, automatically switches the gradient levels between the plurality of groups of containers, and adjusts the valve opening degree of the hydrogen sulfide pipeline to control the total amount and rate of hydrogen sulfide added into the stepwise reaction unit containers.

2. The intelligent decision control system for micro-chemical reaction of stepwise sulphidation of high-arsenic contaminated acid in copper smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of groups of containers of the stepwise vulcanization module comprise a raw liquid storage acid raw liquid tank, a first-stage vulcanization tank for first-stage treatment, a second-stage vulcanization tank for second-stage treatment, and a third-stage vulcanization tank for third-stage treatment.

3. The intelligent decision control system for micro-chemical reaction of stepwise sulphidation of high-arsenic contaminated acid in copper smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The total arsenic content of the first-stage vulcanization tank is greater than or equal to 20,000 mg / L, the total arsenic content of the second-stage vulcanization tank is greater than or equal to 10,000 mg / L, and the total arsenic content of the third-stage vulcanization tank is greater than or equal to 20 mg / L.

4. The intelligent decision control system for micro-chemical reaction of stepwise sulphidation of high-arsenic contaminated acid in copper smelting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first-stage vulcanization tank, the second-stage vulcanization tank, and the third-stage vulcanization tank are connected through the main roads and the bypass pipelines, and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves on the main roads and the bypass pipelines controls the grading transformation and multiple combinations between the first-stage vulcanization tank, the second-stage vulcanization tank, and the third-stage vulcanization tank.

5. The intelligent decision control system for micro-chemical reaction of stepwise sulphidation of high-arsenic contaminated acid in copper smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring module comprises an adjustable high-purity monochromatic light source, a multi-optical-path combined sample flow cell, a multi-point light detector, and a weak signal processor, the sample flow cell is connected to the plurality of groups of containers in the stepwise vulcanization module, the high-purity monochromatic light source irradiates the fluid in the sample flow cell, the transmitted light after the incident light penetrates through the sample, and the corresponding spectral signal is collected through the light detector and the signal processor.

6. The intelligent decision control system for micro-chemical reaction of stepwise sulphidation of high-arsenic contaminated acid in copper smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent decision module calculates the total mass of arsenic Q As = arsenic concentration * fluid flow rate, the total mass of hydrogen sulfide Q H2S = K * 96 / 150 * Q As , K is the excess coefficient.

7. The intelligent decision control system for micro-chemical reaction of stepwise sulphidation of high-arsenic contaminated acid in copper smelting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anionic group is AsO3. 3- AsO4 3- The cation is As 3+ As 5+ Arsenic has the valence state As 3+ As 5+ The value of K is between 1.1 and 1.

6.

8. The intelligent decision control system for micro-chemical reaction of stepwise sulphidation of high-arsenic contaminated acid in copper smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the main roads and the bypass pipelines in the stepwise vulcanization module are equal, and the opening degree of the electromagnetic valves on the main roads and the bypass pipelines is 0-100%.

9. A method for intelligent decision control of micro-chemical reactions of stepwise sulfidation of high-arsenic contaminated acid in copper smelting, applied to the system, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. The acid fluid containing arsenic is introduced into the stepwise vulcanization module, and flows through the plurality of groups of containers in the stepwise vulcanization module; S2. When the acid flows through the plurality of groups of containers in the stepwise vulcanization module, the valence state, form, phase state, and concentration of arsenic in the acid are detected by the real-time monitoring module. ​ S3. The monitored information is transmitted to the intelligent decision module. When the arsenic form in the waste acid cannot undergo sulfidation reaction, the flow electromagnetic valve of the cascade sulfidation module is closed to allow the waste acid to backflow. When the arsenic form in the waste acid can undergo sulfidation reaction, the flow electromagnetic valve of the cascade sulfidation module is opened according to the arsenic concentration in the waste acid to allow multiple groups of containers in the cascade sulfidation module to perform multi-stage grading, and the terminal execution module controls the addition of a corresponding amount of hydrogen sulfide gas into the cascade containers of the corresponding end of the cascade sulfidation module to allow the arsenic in the waste acid to undergo sulfidation reaction in the multi-stage gradient containers; S4. After the arsenic concentration in the waste acid treatment reaches the discharge standard, the waste acid is discharged through the liquid outlet pipeline of the cascade sulfidation module.

10. The intelligent decision control method for micro-chemical reaction of stepwise sulphidation of high-arsenic contaminated acid in copper smelting according to claim 9, characterized in that: The arsenic concentration in the filtrate after the waste acid treatment is less than 20 mg / L.

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