Formulations containing human serum albumin and uses thereof
By forming large molecular weight complexes between fusion proteins and HSA, the challenges of short ocular half-life are addressed, resulting in extended drug retention and improved therapeutic outcomes for ocular diseases.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing drug therapies for ocular diseases require frequent injections due to short ocular half-life, leading to patient discomfort and potential complications, and attempts to prolong drug retention by binding to vitreous albumin have not been successful.
Forming large molecular weight complexes between fusion proteins and human serum albumin (HSA) through non-covalent interactions, which stabilize the proteins and extend their half-life in the eye.
The complexes achieve extended ocular exposure and improved stability, allowing for reduced dosing frequency and enhanced therapeutic efficacy with minimized adverse events.
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Figure CN2025119947_19032026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
FORMULATIONS CONTAINING HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN AND USES THEREOFBACKGROUND
[0001] Ocular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) , diabetic retinopathy (DR) , macular edema, and retinal vein occlusion can seriously damage the patients' visual acuity and affect their quality of life. Drug therapy is the primary treatment for most eye diseases. Delivering drugs to target eye tissues at the desirable therapeutic concentration usually requires frequent injections, typically varying from every few weeks to every few months. Patients often require multiple doses over the course of a few months, and repeat treatments are needed for continued benefit. Further, in addition to patient discomfort, potential complications of intraocular injection include infection, retinal detachment, ocular hypertension, cataracts, and inflammation, and therefore it is desirable to reduce dosing frequency and possible injection-related adverse events.
[0002] To reduce dosing frequency, there is a need to prolong the drug retention time. A direct correlation has been observed in vivo between the hydrodynamic radius (Rh) and molecular weight (MW) of protein therapeutics and their ocular half-life. For example, pharmacokinetic (PK) studies in cynomolgus monkeys revealed that the ocular half-life of intravitreal (IVT) delivered scFv, Fab, Fc-fusion, and IgG was determined to be 2.28, 2.62, 3.13, and 3.26 days, respectively (Paulina J et al., Ocular Pharmacokinetics of Intravitreally Injected Protein Therapeutics: Comparison among Standard-of-Care Formats, Molecular Pharmaceutics, 2021, 18, 2208-2217) . A similar correlation was not observed between vitreal PK and globular protein surface charge or hydrophobicity (Crowell SR, et al., Influence of Charge, Hydrophobicity, and Size on Vitreous Pharmacokinetics of Large Molecules, Translational Vision Science&Technology, 2019, 8, 6) . These findings suggest that hydrodynamic radius (and MW) correlates with ocular half-life.
[0003] Accordingly, some approaches for ocular half-life extension aim to reduce the drug’s ocular elimination by binding to a vitreous matrix constituent or soluble endogenous macromolecule, such as albumin, to form high molecular weight complexes. Human serum albumin (HSA) is a~66.5 kDa protein that is the most abundant protein in plasma (~35-50 g / L) . In comparison, the albumin concentrations found in the vitreous body of human eyes are reported in the range of~0.25-0.29 g / L in healthy human donors, or~0.28-2.56 g / L under ocular pathologic conditions (Hauri S, et al., Understanding the Half-Life Extension of Intravitreally Administered Antibodies Binding to Ocular Albumin, Pharmaceutics 2020, 12, 810) . However, attempts to prolong the duration of ocular drug exposure by enabling it to associate with endogenous vitreous albumin were not successful, with no clinically proven beneficial effects.
[0004] There remains an unmet need in the field of ophthalmology for extended duration of ocular exposure and target engagement. There is a further need to improve drug stability against extended exposure to physiological conditions. The various aspects and embodiments of this disclosure meet these and other objectives.
[0005] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
[0006] Figures 1A to 1D illustrate diagrammatically the fusion constructs shown in Tables 1-3. The various patterned ovals represent different binding domains, either effector binding domains or HSA binding domains.
[0007] Figure 2 shows the SEC-HPLC result of D38 and D30 in DF-02 and DF-04 formulations. High molecular weight complex was formed for both fusion constructs in formulations containing HSA (DF-02 and DF-04) . The apparent molecular weights of predominant D30 / HSA complex formed in DF-04 formulation and D38 / HSA complex formed in DF-02 formulation were 122 kDa and 97 kDa, respectively.
[0008] Figure 3 shows the SEC-HPLC result of the fusion construct N01 in DF-06 and N02 in DF-08 formulations. High molecular weight complex was formed for both fusion constructs in formulations containing HSA (DF-06 and DF-08) . The apparent molecular weights of predominant N01 / HSA complex formed in DF-06 formulation and N02 / HSA complex formed in DF-08 formulation were 110 kDa and 251 kDa, respectively.
[0009] Figure 4 shows the SEC-HPLC result of the fusion construct A91 in DF-10 and A120 in DF-12 formulations. High molecular weight complex was formed for both fusion constructs in formulations containing HSA (DF-10 and DF-12) . The apparent molecular weights of predominant A120 / HSA complex formed in DF-12 formulation and A91 / HSA complex formed in DF-10 formulation were 134 kDa and 232 kDa, respectively.
[0010] Figure 5 shows the SEC-HPLC result of the fusion construct A101 in DF-13 to DF-15 formulations. High molecular weight complex was formed between HSA and A101 in formulations containing HSA in the range of 58-173 mg / mL. A shift towards larger complexes was observed with increasing concentrations of HSA, wherein the calculated molecular weights of the predominant complex were 178 kDa, 197 kDa, and 237 kDa, respectively.
[0011] Figure 6 shows the SEC-HPLC result of the fusion construct A109 in DF-19 to DF-21 formulations. High molecular weight complex was formed between HSA and A109 in formulations containing HSA in the range of 48-144 mg / mL. A shift towards larger molecular weight complexes was observed with increasing concentrations of HSA, wherein the calculated molecular weights of the predominant complex were 173 kDa, 194 kDa, and 224 kDa, respectively.
[0012] Figure 7 shows the SEC-HPLC result of the fusion construct A106 / A109 / A118 in formulations containing HSA. Fusion constructs A106, A109, and A118 contain monovalent, bivalent, and trivalent anti-HSA antibody (1068) structural domains, respectively. They can form HSA / fusion construct complex in molar ratios of 1: 1, 2: 1 or 3: 1, wherein one molecule of fusion construct is associated with one, two, or three molecules of HSA by non-covalent interactions. A shift towards larger molecular weight complexes was observed with increasing number of HSA-binding domains in the fusion constructs, wherein the calculated molecular weights of the predominant complex were 134 kDa, 224 kDa, and 314 kDa, respectively.
[0013] Figure 8 shows the SEC-HPLC result of the fusion construct H01 and H02 in formulations containing HSA. Fusion constructs H01 and H02 contain monovalent and bivalent anti-HSA antibody (SL335) structural domains designed as Fab’ and F (ab’) 2 format, respectively. High molecular weight complex was formed for both fusion constructs in formulations containing HSA (DF-26 and DF-28) . The apparent molecular weights of predominant H02 / HSA complex formed in DF-28 formulation and H01 / HSA complex formed in DF-26 formulation were 417 kDa and 184 kDa, respectively.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] This disclosure relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising fusion protein constructs comprising at least one human serum albumin (HSA) binding domain, the compositions further comprising HSA at an amount that allows for the formation of large molecular weight complexes with the fusion protein constructs via non-covalent interactions. Formation of large molecular weight complexes reduces the rate of ocular elimination upon intraocular injection, and does not impact the therapeutic activity. In embodiments, the HSA in the HSA-containing formulations stabilizes the fusion proteins with improved physicochemical properties, improved thermal stability and colloidal stability. In embodiments, the compositions exhibit extended half-life in aqueous humor and vitreous humor when administered by intravitreal injection. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. In other aspects, the disclosure provides methods for manufacturing the compositions. In other aspects, the disclosure provides the pharmaceutical compositions suitable for injectable administration, and more particularly for intraocular administration to treat diseases or conditions of the eyes.
[0015] In the various aspects and embodiments, the disclosure provides compositions comprising non-covalently bound high molecular weight complexes comprising a fusion protein construct and human serum albumin, e.g., non-covalently bound complexes prepared by mixing fusion protein construct and human serum albumin in a solution, wherein the high molecular weight complexes comprise at least one fusion protein construct and one human serum albumin. In embodiments, the predominant form of the complex has a calculated HSA / fusion protein ratio of at least 1: 1, or at least 2: 1, or at least 3: 1, or at least 4: 1, or at least 5: 1.
[0016] As used herein, the term fusion protein refers to a recombinant (e.g., genetically encoded) protein having a plurality of domains. The domains include one or more HSA-binding domains as described herein. The fusion proteins will generally include at least one effector domain having a therapeutically relevant activity, such as but not limited to binding to a growth factor and / or angiogenic factor (e.g., VEGF or ANG2) .
[0017] As used herein, the term “non-covalently bound complex” and similar terms refer to a complex in which the bonds between the components of the complex are non-covalent bonds (e.g., weak bonds such as hydrogen bonds, electrostatic effects, π-effects, hydrophobic effects and Van der Waals forces) .
[0018] In one aspect, the disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) a fusion protein construct comprising at least one human serum albumin (HSA) binding domain, and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA at an amount that allows for the formation of large molecular weight complexes with the fusion protein constructs. The complexes will generally comprise at least one fusion protein and at least one molecule of HSA.
[0019] In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct of at least about 1: 1. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct of at least about 1: 3, or at least about 1: 2, or at least about 1: 1.5, or at least about 1.5: 1, or at least about 2: 1, or at least about 3: 1, or at least about 4: 1, or at least about 5: 1. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct in the range of about 1: 5 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 4 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 5 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 4 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 5 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 4 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 5 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 4 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 5 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 4 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 1.5: 1. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of HSA to fusion construct of about 1.5: 1 to about 4: 1, or about 2: 1 to about 4: 1, or about 2: 1 to about 4: 1. An exemplary molar ratio is about 3: 1.
[0020] Human serum albumin (HSA) is a highly water-soluble globular monomeric protein, accounting for about 40-60%of total protein in plasma. It has a molecular weight of~66.5 kDa, consisting of 585 amino acid residues. One of the functions of HSA is binding and transport of fatty acids. Plasma albumin possesses about 7 binding sites for fatty acids with moderate to high affinity. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is a native human serum albumin (e.g., a purified HSA) . In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is a recombinant human serum albumin. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is essentially fatty acid free. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin contains no more than 7 moles of fatty acids bound to one mole of human serum albumin.
[0021] In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises HSA at a concentration of at least about 0.1 mg / mL, or at least 0.2 mg / mL, or at least 0.3 mg / mL, or at least 0.4 mg / mL, or at least 0.5 mg / mL, or at least 1 mg / mL, or at least 2 mg / mL, or at least 3 mg / mL, or at least 4 mg / mL, or at least 5 mg / mL, or at least 6 mg / mL, or at least 7 mg / mL, or at least 8 mg / mL, or at least 9 mg / mL, or at least 10 mg / mL, or at least 15 mg / mL, or at least about 20 mg / mL, or at least about 30 mg / mL, or at least about 40 mg / mL, or at least about 50 mg / mL. In such embodiments, the composition allows for large molecular weight complexes to form with the fusion protein constructs, thereby allowing for long ocular retention. In embodiments, the HSA is present at a concentration of about 0.1 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 1 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 10 mg / mL to about 250 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 200 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 175 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 150 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 125 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL. In embodiments, the HSA is present at a concentration of about 16 mg / mL to about 216 mg / mL.
[0022] In embodiments, the fusion protein is present at a concentration of from about 0.1 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, and in embodiments is present at a concentration of at least about 1 mg / mL, or at least about 10 mg / mL, or at least about 20 mg / mL, or at least about 40 mg / mL, or at least about 50 mg / mL. Compositions according to the various embodiments may have a fusion protein concentration of from about 10 mg / mL to about 80 mg / mL, including concentrations of about 20 mg / mL, about 50 mg / mL, and about 60 mg / mL.
[0023] In embodiments, the fusion protein construct comprises from one to five HSA binding domains, which in embodiments are antibody domains or antigen-binding portions thereof. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct comprises at least two, at least three, or at least four HSA binding domains. Generally, there will be a direct correlation between the number of HSA binding domains and the affinity of the fusion protein construct for HSA. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA of at least about 10-8 M. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA of at least about 10-9 M, or at least about 10-10 M, or at least about 10-11 M, or at least about 10-12 M. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA in the range of about 10-8 M to about 10-13 M. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (equilibrium dissociation constant, KD) towards HSA in the range of about 10-9 M to about 10-13M (e.g., from 10-10 to 10-12) indicating strong binding in the nanomolar range. In embodiments, fusion proteins described herein exhibit an association rate constant (ka) or on-rate of about 105 Ms-1 to about 108 Ms-1. In embodiments, fusion proteins described herein exhibit a dissociation rate constant (kd) or off-rate of about 10-3 s-1 to about 10-6 s-1. Binding affinity of the fusion protein constructs for HSA can be measured using any of the methods known in the art or those methods described herein (e.g., ELISA or Biacore / Surface Plasmon Resonance) . The binding kinetics of various fusion proteins described herein are shown in Table 5.
[0024] In embodiments, the HSA binding domain (s) each comprise an antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof. In embodiments, the HSA binding domains are selected from a monoclonal antibody, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) , a single chain antibody, and a Fab structure.
[0025] In embodiments, the HSA binding domains each comprise a variable heavy domain of a heavy chain (VHH) antibody. VHH antibodies (or “nanobodies” ) are derived from single-variable, heavy chain-only antibodies that are naturally produced by camelids and sharks. VHH antibodies do not have a light chain. The core structure of VHH includes four framework regions (FRs) and three complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) . VHH antibodies have a molecular weight of around 15 kDa. In embodiments, the VHH antibody is humanized through human framework selection, and complementarity-determining region grafting with selected back-mutations. See Sulea T., Humanization of Camelid Single-Domain Antibodies. Methods Mol. Biol. 2022: 2446: 299-312. Kabat numbering system can be used to define VHH CDRs.
[0026] In embodiments, the HSA binding domain is a VHH antibody comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 9, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto.
[0027] In embodiments employing the VHH of SEQ ID NO: 7, or its variants, the HSA binding domain comprises: a CDR-H1 amino acid sequence of NYYMS (SEQ ID NO: 52) , a CDR-H2 amino acid sequence of GISVDGSFLDYADAVKG (SEQ ID NO: 53) , and a CDR-H3 amino acid sequence of ASGPQGLRLGAP (SEQ ID NO: 54) , or a variant comprising from one to five amino acid modifications (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 amino acid substitutions) collectively in CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3.
[0028] In embodiments employing the VHH of SEQ ID NO: 8, or its variants, the HSA binding domain comprises: a CDR-H1 amino acid sequence of EYYMS (SEQ ID NO: 55) , a CDR-H2 amino acid sequence of GISVDGSFLDYADAVKG (SEQ ID NO: 56) , and a CDR-H3 amino acid sequence of ASGPQGLRWWAP (SEQ ID NO: 57) , or a variant comprising from one to five amino acid modifications (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 amino acid substitutions) collectively in CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3.
[0029] In embodiments, the HSA binding domains (constructed as VHH antibodies) are fused in tandem with at least one effector domain, optionally with linking peptides (as described below) . In embodiments, at least one effector domain binds VEGFA (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A) . Alternatively or in addition, at least one effector domain binds ANG2 (Angiopoietin-2) . In embodiments, at least one effector domain binds VEGFA and at least one effector domain binds ANG2. In embodiments, each effector domain may also be a VHH antibody or an scFv. In still other embodiments, at least one effector domain that binds VEGFA is aflibercept (SEQ ID NO: 58) or a derivative thereof (e.g., having 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 amino acid modifications independently selected from substitutions, deletions, and insertions) .
[0030] In embodiments, one or more effector domains are VHH antibodies, for example, comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 1 (binding VEGFA) , SEQ ID NO: 2(binding VEGFA) , or SEQ ID NO: 5 (binding ANG2) , or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto.
[0031] In embodiments employing an effector domain binding ANG2 (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 5) and its derivatives, the anti-ANG2 VHH antibody may have binding activity for an epitope within amino acids 275 to 496 of ANG2. In embodiments, the VHH antibody comprises a CDR-H1 amino acid sequence of DYAIG (SEQ ID NO: 59) , a CDR-H2 amino acid sequence of SISSSGGSTYYADSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 60) , and a CDR-H3 amino acid sequence of SITTAQALGVMPPYEYDS (SEQ ID NO: 61) , or a variant comprising from one to five amino acid modifications (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 amino acid substitutions) collectively in CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3.
[0032] The HSA-binding domain (s) and the effector domain (s) can be conjugated in any order. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has the structure:
[0033] [ (VHH) effector1-linker- (VHH) HSA] n,
[0034] (VHH) effector1-linker- [ (VHH) effector2-linker- (VHH) HSA] n,
[0035] (VHH) effector1-linker- (VHH) effector2-linker- (VHH) HSA-linker- (VHH) effector 2. Effector 1 and effector 2 can bind the same or different targets, and n is 1, 2, or 3.
[0036] In embodiments, the fusion protein construct (employing VHH for the HSA-binding domain (s) and effector domain (s) ) comprises an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 26, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto. See Tables 1 and 29. Such fusion protein constructs are shown diagrammatically in Figure 1A.
[0037] In other embodiments, the HSA binding domain is a Fab structure comprising a variable heavy domain and a variable light domain, wherein the variable heavy domain and variable light domain are comprised in the first and second fusion polypeptides, respectively. In embodiments, the first fusion polypeptide further comprises a CH1 domain and an effector binding domain, and the second fusion polypeptide further comprises a light chain constant domain and an effector binding domain.
[0038] For example, when employing Fab structures, the variable heavy domain may comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto. The variable light domain may comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto. The effector domain (s) can specifically bind an effector target such as VEGFA and / or ANG2, and each effector domain is optionally a variable heavy domain of a heavy chain (VHH) antibody (as already described) .
[0039] For example, when employing a Fab structure, the first fusion polypeptide may have the structure: (VH) HSA-CH1-linker- (VHH) effector; and the second fusion polypeptide has the structure: (VL) HSA-CL-linker- (VHH) effector. In exemplary embodiments, the first fusion polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto; and the second fusion polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 28, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto. See Tables 2 and 29. These embodiments are depicted diagrammatically in Figure 1B.
[0040] In other embodiments employing a Fab structure, the first fusion polypeptide further comprises a CH1 domain, an IgG hinge region, an IgG Fc sequence and an effector binding domain. The second fusion polypeptide further comprises a light chain constant domain. In embodiments, the variable heavy domain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto; and the variable light domain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto. In embodiments, the effector domain (s) specifically bind an effector target such as VEGFA and / or ANG2, and each effector domain is optionally a variable heavy domain of a heavy chain (VHH) antibody (as already described) .
[0041] In such embodiments, the first fusion polypeptide may have the structure: (VH) HSA-CH1 -hinge-IgG1 Fc- (VHH) effector; and the second fusion polypeptide may have the structure: (VL) HSA-CL. For example, the first fusion polypeptide may comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 29, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto; and the second fusion polypeptide may comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 30, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto. See Tables 2 and 29. The Fab structure in these embodiments is shown diagrammatically in Figure 1C.
[0042] In still other embodiments, the HSA-binding domain (s) are scFv. scFv are small artificial constructs comprising the immunoglobulin heavy and light chain variable regions connected by a peptide linker. For Example, the HSA binding domain may comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 62, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto. In such embodiments, the effector domain (s) specifically bind an effector target such as VEGFA and / or ANG2, and each effector domain is optionally a variable heavy domain of a heavy chain (VHH) antibody (as already described) .
[0043] In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has the structure: [ (VHH) effector-linker- (scFv) HSA] n, or (scFv) HSA-linker- (VHH) effector-linker- (scFv) HSA, wherein n is 1, 2, or 3. For example, the fusion protein construct may comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 or SEQ ID NO: 32, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto. See Tables 3 and 29. Fusion protein constructs of these embodiments are shown diagrammatically in Figure 1D. It is understood according to the present disclosure that any disclosed histidine tags are optional.
[0044] In embodiments, the binding domains, effector domains, and fusion protein constructs may have one or more amino acid modifications with respect to the amino acid sequences disclosed herein. In embodiments, a fusion protein construct comprises an amino acid sequence having one, or two, or three, or four, or five, or six, or seen, or eight, or nine, or ten, or fifteen, or twenty amino acid modifications with respect to a fusion protein construct amino acid sequence disclosed herein. In embodiments, the one or more amino acid modifications may be independently selected from substitutions, insertions, and deletions.
[0045] In embodiments, an amino acid mutation (e.g., substitution) may be in the CDRs of the antibody (e.g., the CDR1, CDR2 or CDR3 regions) . Such mutations may be made to improve stability or binding affinity for its target, or to humanize the sequence. In addition or alternatively, one or more amino acid alterations (e.g., substitution) may be in the framework regions (FRs) of the antibody (e.g., the FR1, FR2, FR3, or FR4 regions) . Such mutations may be made to improve stability or binding affinity for its target, or to humanize the sequence.
[0046] In embodiments, the amino acid modifications are amino acid substitutions, and may include conservative and / or non-conservative substitutions. “Conservative substitutions” may be made, for instance, on the basis of similarity in polarity, charge, size, solubility, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, and / or the amphipathic nature of the amino acid residues involved. The 20 naturally occurring amino acids can be grouped into the following six standard amino acid groups: (1) hydrophobic: Met, Ala, Val, Leu, Ile; (2) neutral hydrophilic: Cys, Ser, Thr; Asn, Gln; (3) acidic: Asp, Glu; (4) basic: His, Lys, Arg; (5) residues that influence chain orientation: Gly, Pro; and (6) aromatic: Trp, Tyr, Phe. “Conservative substitutions” are defined as exchanges of an amino acid by another amino acid listed within the same group of the six standard amino acid groups shown above. For example, the exchange of Asp by Glu retains one negative charge in the so modified polypeptide. “Non-conservative substitutions” are defined as exchanges of an amino acid by another amino acid listed in a different group of the six standard amino acid groups (1) to (6) shown above.
[0047] In embodiments, binding domains are separated by linker amino acid sequences ( “linker peptide” ) . In embodiments, the linker peptide is from 1 to 30 amino acids in length, or from 2 to 20 amino acids in length, or from 2 to 10 amino acids in length. In embodiments, the linker sequence is composed predominately or entirely of Serine and Glycine residues. For example, the linker sequence may have the formula (GxSy) z, in which each of x, y, and z is independently selected from an integer of 1 to 5. In embodiments, y is 1. In embodiments, z is 1. An exemplary peptide linker has the amino acid sequence GGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 63) , or repeats of from 2 or 3 thereof. In embodiments, the linker sequence has the formula (GxSyGzSw) n, in which each of x and y is independently selected from 1 to 5, and z and w is independently selected from 0 to 5. In embodiments, y is 1. In embodiments, w is 1 or 0. In embodiments, z is 3 or 0. In embodiments, Gly Ser linkers have the sequence GGGGSGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 65) or GGGSGGG (SEQ ID NO: 66) .
[0048] In embodiments, the linker is or comprises (GGS) n, wherein n is 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5. In embodiments, Gly Ser linkers have the sequence GGS or GGSGGS (SEQ ID NO: 64) .
[0049] Alternative linker sequences comprise or consist of a sequence selected from EPKSS (SEQ ID NO: 67) , ADESAEN (SEQ ID NO: 68) , and KQEPERN (SEQ ID NO: 69) , or a variant thereof having one or two amino acid substitutions, which substitutions are preferably conservative substitutions, or hydrophilic and / or charged amino acids substitutions. Other suitable linker peptide can be constructed and / or are known in the art. In embodiments, the linker sequences in the fusion protein constructs described herein can be substituted with other linker sequences, including those described above, to create derivative fusion protein constructs.
[0050] In embodiments, the composition has a total protein concentration of from about 0.1 mg / mL to about 400 mg / mL, and in embodiments at least about 1 mg / mL, or at least about 10 mg / mL, or at least about 25 mg / mL, or at least about 50 mg / mL, or at least about 75 mg / mL, or at least about 100 mg / mL. In embodiments, the composition has a total protein concentration of from about 0.1 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or from about 1 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or from about 10 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or from about 25 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or from about 50 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL. In embodiments, the total protein concentration is about 100 mg / mL or more, or about 200 mg / mL or more, or about 300 mg / mL or more. In embodiments, the composition has a total protein concentration of from about 100 mg / mL to about 400 mg / mL, or from about 100 mg / mL to about 300 mg / mL, or from about 100 mg / mL to about 200 mg / mL, or from about 150 mg / mL to about 250 mg / mL.
[0051] In embodiments, the HSA in HSA-containing formulations stabilizes the fusion proteins with improved physicochemical properties, improved thermal stability and colloidal stability. Optionally, the fusion proteins contain two or more HSA-binding structural domains and formulated in compositions containing HSA with high HSA: fusion protein ratio (such as those already described) .
[0052] The pharmaceutical composition will further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is suitable for ocular administration, such as intraocular administration (optionally intravitreal administration, subretinal administration, or suprachoroidal administration) . In embodiments, the composition is suitable for parenteral administration, such as intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, and intradermal injection.
[0053] In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. A “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” is a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent or vehicle for delivering the composition, and which is nontoxic to the cell or subject being exposed thereto. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers can be aqueous solutions or suspensions that are optionally pH-buffered as described herein. The carrier may comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, such as pH buffers, pH adjusting agents, amino acid stabilizers, viscosity reducing agents, tonicity adjusting agents, antioxidants, chelating agents such as EDTA, and surfactants. In embodiments, the one or more excipients stabilize the fusion protein constructs, providing desirable physicochemical properties, including suitable thermal stability and colloidal stability. The compositions have a desired osmolarity and viscosity for pharmaceutical use (e.g., for intravitreal injection) . In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is stable at 40℃ (or less) for at least four weeks and / or over multiple freeze-thaw cycles, enabling improved manufacturability, storage, and handling of the compositions. See Tables 11, 17, 19, 21, 24, and 25.
[0054] In various embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions described herein exhibit thermal stability (e.g., increased melting temperature, Tm) and / or low propensity for aggregate formation (e.g., increased aggregation temperature, Tagg) . The Tm and Tagg of the compositions can be measured using any of the methods known in the art including those methods described herein, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to measure heat absorption and various spectroscopic and fluorometric analysis like differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) , static light scattering (SLS) , circular dichroism (CD) , and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Aggregate formation can also be analyzed by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) . In various embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions exhibit a Tm (using DSF) and / or Tagg (using SLS at wavelength of 266 or 473 nm) of at least about 50℃ or at least about 55℃, or at least about 60℃, or at least about 65℃. See Tables 9 and 16.
[0055] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprise a viscosity reducing agent. In embodiments, the viscosity reducing agent comprises an amino acid salt, which is optionally arginine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the viscosity reducing agent comprises or further comprises a chloride salt, such as sodium chloride. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition has a viscosity of lower than about 25 millipascal second (mPa·s) , lower than about 20 mPa·s, lower than about 15 mPa·s, lower than about 10 mPa·s, or lower than about 5 mPa·s (e.g., in the range of about 5 to about 15 mPa·s) . See Table 23.
[0056] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutical acceptable excipients comprise an amino acid as stabilizer. In embodiments, the stabilizing agent is selected from histidine hydrochloride, methionine, arginine hydrochloride, glycine, proline, aspartic acid, and lysine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the stabilizing agent is arginine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the amino acid stabilizer comprises arginine hydrochloride in a range of about 10 mM to about 100 mM.
[0057] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a tonicity-adjusting agent. In embodiments, the tonicity adjusting agent comprises a mono-and / or di-saccharide, a sugar alcohol, or a chloride salt. In embodiments, the tonicity adjusting agent is selected from sucrose, trehalose, mannitol, sorbitol, and sodium chloride. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises an osmolarity of from about 240 mOsm / kg to about 360 mOsm / kg (e.g., in the range of about 275 to about 325 mOsm / kg) . See Table 23.
[0058] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a pH-adjusting agent or pharmaceutically acceptable buffering agent. In embodiments, the pH of the composition ranges from about 5.0 to about 7.5, or from about 6.0 to 7.0, or from about 6.5 to about 7.5. In embodiments, the pH-adjusting agent or buffering agent comprises any additive that modifies the acidity or alkalinity of the pharmaceutical composition. In embodiments, the pH-adjusting agent is selected from sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid. In embodiments, the buffering agent is selected from phosphate buffer, citrate buffer (citric acid / citrate) , acetate buffer (acetic acid / acetate) , or histidine buffer.
[0059] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a surfactant. In embodiments, the surfactant is selected from a polysorbate surfactant or a poloxamer. In embodiments, the surfactant is selected from polysorbate 20 (PS20) , polysorbate 80 (PS80) , and poloxamer 188 (P188) . In embodiments, the surfactant is present at a concentration of about 0.005%to about 0.2%.
[0060] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprise an antioxidant. In embodiments, the antioxidant is an amino acid. In embodiments, the antioxidant is selected from methionine, tyrosine, tryptophan, cysteine or histidine. In embodiments, the antioxidant is methionine. In embodiments, the composition comprises methionine in a range of about 5 mM to about 50 mM, or a range of about 7 mM to about 30 mM.
[0061] The fusion protein complexes in the compositions have a large hydrodynamic radius (Rh) , which can be measured using any of the methods known in the art including those methods described herein, such as light scattering techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS) , multi-angle light scattering (MALS) , and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) . Additionally, the Rh can be calculated using the Stokes-Einstein relation with the estimated viscosity of the humor of the vitreous chamber of the eye, or of simulated vitreous humor, which is a dispersant that recapitulates the viscosity of the clear, gel-like substance that fills the eye cavity. In embodiments, the large Rh corresponds to an increase in the ocular half-life of the fusion protein. The large Rh confers one or more functional benefits, including in embodiments, enhanced intraocular retention and prolonged therapeutic activity of the fusion protein, which enables a reduced dosing frequency and / or improved therapeutic benefit.
[0062] In embodiments, the composition exhibits an Rh value for the molecular complexes of at least about 4 nm, or at least about 5 nm, or at least about 6 nm, or at least about 7 nm, or at least about 8 nm (e.g., a range of about 4 to about 10 nm) , as determined by DLS using simulated vitreous as a dispersant. See Tables 26-28.
[0063] The MW of HSA-fusion protein complexes can be measured using any of the methods known in the art including those methods described herein, such as analytical size exclusion chromatography (SEC) . The formation of high molecular weight complexes with the fusion protein constructs occurs via a variety of non-covalent interactions with HSA, such as hydrogen bonding, electrostatic (ionic) interactions, Van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic interaction, pi-stacking, hydrophobic interactions, and the like. In embodiments, the MW is increased stoichiometrically according to the size of HSA (~66.5 kDa) and the number of HSA molecules bound by the fusion protein. In embodiments, the increase in MW relates to an increase in the ocular half-life of the fusion protein.
[0064] In embodiments, the predominant molecular weight of the fusion protein / HSA complexes in the compositions is at least about 100 kDa, or at least about 125 kDa, or at least about 150 kDa, or at least about 175 kDa, or at least about 200 kDa, or at least about 225 kDa, or at least about 250 kDa, or at least about 275 kDa, or at least about 300 kDa, or at least about 350 kDa, or at least about 400 kDa (for example, as determined by SEC-HPLC) . See Figures 2 to 8.
[0065] In embodiments employing a fusion protein construct comprising one HSA binding domain, such as but not limited to SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 27 / 28, SEQ ID NO: 31, and their derivatives (provided herein as examples) , the composition may comprise:
[0066] (a) a fusion protein construct comprising one human serum albumin (HSA) binding domain, and
[0067] (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA at an amount that allows for the formation of large molecular weight complexes with the fusion protein constructs,
[0068] and wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct of at least about 1: 1. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct of at least about 1: 3, or at least about 1: 2, or at least about 1: 1.5, or at least about 1: 1, or at least about 1.5: 1, or at least about 2: 1, or at least abut 3: 1. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct in the range of about 1: 5 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 4 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 5 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 4 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 5 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 4 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 1.5: 1. An exemplary molar ratio is about 1: 1, or about 1.5: 1, or about2: 1, or about 3: 1.
[0069] In embodiments, the human serum albumin is a native human serum albumin. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is a recombinant human serum albumin. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is essentially fatty acid free. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin contains no more than 7 moles of fatty acids bound to one mole of human serum albumin.
[0070] In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises HSA at a concentration of at least about 0.1 mg / mL, or at least about 0.2 mg / mL, or at least about 0.3 mg / mL, or at least about 0.4 mg / mL, or at least about 0.5 mg / mL, or at least about 1 mg / mL, or at least about 2 mg / mL, or at least about 3 mg / mL, or at least about 4 mg / mL, or at least about 5 mg / mL, or at least about 6 mg / mL, or at least about 7 mg / mL, or at least about 8 mg / mL, or at least about 9 mg / mL, or at least about 10 mg / mL, or at least about 15 mg / mL, or at least about 20 mg / mL, or at least about 30 mg / mL, or at least about 40 mg / mL, at least about 50 mg / mL. In such embodiments, the composition allows for large molecular weight complexes to form with the fusion protein constructs, thereby allowing for long ocular retention. In embodiments, the HSA is present at a concentration of about 0.1 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 1 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 10 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 200 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 175 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 150 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 125 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL. In embodiments, the HSA is present at a concentration of about 16 mg / mL to about 216 mg / mL.
[0071] In embodiments, the disclosure provides non-covalently bound high molecular weight complexes comprising fusion protein construct and human serum albumin, e.g., non-covalently bound complexes prepared by mixing fusion protein construct and human serum albumin in a solution, wherein the high molecular weight complexes comprising at least one fusion protein construct and one human serum albumin.
[0072] In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA of at least about 10-8 M. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA of at least about 10-9 M, or at least about 10-10M, or at least about 10-11 M, or at least about 10-12 M. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA in the range of about 10-8 to about 10-13 M. Binding affinity of the fusion protein constructs for HSA can be measured using any of the methods known in the art or those methods described herein (e.g., ELISA or Biacore / Surface Plasmon Resonance) .
[0073] In embodiments, the HSA binding domains are selected from a monoclonal antibody, asingle-chain variable fragment (scFv) , a single chain antibody, and a Fab structure.
[0074] In embodiments, the HSA in HSA-containing formulations stabilize the fusion proteins with improved physicochemical properties, improved thermal stability and colloidal stability.
[0075] The pharmaceutical composition will further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is suitable for ocular administration, such as intraocular administration (optionally intravitreal administration, subretinal administration, or suprachoroidal administration) . In embodiments, the composition is suitable for parenteral administration, such as intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, and intradermal injection.
[0076] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprise a viscosity reducing agent. In embodiments, the viscosity reducing agent comprises an amino acid salt, which is optionally arginine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the viscosity reducing agent comprises or further comprises a chloride salt, such as sodium chloride. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition has a viscosity of lower than about 25 millipascal second (mPa·s) , lower than about 20 mPa·s, lower than about 15 mPa·s, lower than about 10 mPa·s, or lower than about 5 mPa·s.
[0077] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutical acceptable excipients comprise an amino acid as stabilizer. In embodiments, the stabilizing agent is selected from histidine hydrochloride, methionine, arginine hydrochloride, glycine, proline, aspartic acid, and lysine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the stabilizing agent is arginine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the amino acid stabilizer comprises arginine hydrochloride in a range of about 10 mM to about 100 mM.
[0078] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a tonicity-adjusting agent. In embodiments, the tonicity adjusting agent comprises a mono-and / or di-saccharide, a sugar alcohol, or a chloride salt. In embodiments, the tonicity adjusting agent is selected from sucrose, trehalose, mannitol, sorbitol, and sodium chloride. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises an osmolarity of from about 240 mOsm / kg to about 360 mOsm / kg.
[0079] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a pH-adjusting agent or pharmaceutically acceptable buffering agent. In embodiments, the pH of the composition ranges from about 5.0 to about 7.5, or from about 6.0 to 7.0, or from about 6.5 to about 7.5. In embodiments, the pH-adjusting agent or buffering agent comprises any additive that modifies the acidity or alkalinity of the pharmaceutical composition. In embodiments, the pH-adjusting agent is selected from sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid. In embodiments, the buffering agent is selected from phosphate buffer, citrate buffer (citric acid / citrate) , acetate buffer (acetic acid / acetate) , or histidine buffer.
[0080] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a surfactant. In embodiments, the surfactant is selected from a polysorbate surfactant or a poloxamer. In embodiments, the surfactant is selected from polysorbate 20 (PS20) , polysorbate 80 (PS80) , and poloxamer 188 (P188) . In embodiments, the surfactant is present at a concentration of about 0.005%to about 0.2%.
[0081] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprise an antioxidant. In embodiments, the antioxidant is an amino acid. In embodiments, the antioxidant is selected from methionine, tyrosine, tryptophan, cysteine or histidine. In embodiments, the antioxidant is methionine. In embodiments, the composition comprises methionine in a range of about 5 mM to about 50 mM, or a range of about 7 mM to about 30 mM.
[0082] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct comprising two HSA binding domains, such as but not limited to SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 29 / 30, SEQ ID NO: 32, and their derivatives (provided herein as examples) , the composition may comprise:
[0083] (a) a fusion protein construct comprising two human serum albumin (HSA) binding domains,
[0084] (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA at an amount that allows for the formation of large molecular weight complexes with the fusion protein constructs,
[0085] and wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct of at least about 2: 1. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct of at least about 1: 3, or at least about 1: 2, or at least about 1: 1.5, or at least about 1: 1, or at least about 1.5: 1, or at least about 2: 1, or at least abut 3: 1, or about 4: 1, or about 5: 1. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct in the range of about 1: 3 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 1.5: 1. An exemplary molar ratio is about 1: 1, or about 2: 1, or about 3: 1, or about 5: 1.
[0086] In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is a native human serum albumin. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is a recombinant human serum albumin. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is essentially fatty acid free. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin contains no more than 7 moles of fatty acids bound to one mole of human serum albumin.
[0087] In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises HSA at a concentration of at least about 0.1 mg / mL, or at least about 0.2 mg / mL, or at least about 0.3 mg / mL, or at least about 0.4 mg / mL, or at least about 0.5 mg / mL, or at least about 1 mg / mL, or at least about 2 mg / mL, or at least about 3 mg / mL, or at least about 4 mg / mL, or at least about 5 mg / mL, or at least about 6 mg / mL, or at least about 7 mg / mL, or at least about 8 mg / mL, or at least about 9 mg / mL, or at least about 10 mg / mL, or at least about 15 mg / mL, or at least about 20 mg / mL, or at least about 30 mg / mL, or at least about 40 mg / mL, or at least about 50 mg / mL. In such embodiments, the composition allows for large molecular weight complexes to form with the fusion protein constructs, thereby allowing for long ocular retention. In embodiments, the HSA is present at a concentration of about 0.1 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 1 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 10 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 200 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 175 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 150 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 125 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL. In embodiments, the HSA is present at a concentration of about 16 mg / mL to about 216 mg / mL.
[0088] In embodiments, the disclosure provides non-covalently bound high molecular weight complexes comprising fusion protein construct and human serum albumin, e.g., non-covalently bound complexes prepared by mixing fusion protein construct and human serum albumin in a solution, wherein the high molecular weight complexes comprising at least one fusion protein construct and one human serum albumin. In embodiments, the predominant form of the complex has a calculated HSA / fusion protein ratio of at least 1: 1, or at least 2: 1.
[0089] In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA of at least about 10-8 M. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA of at least about 10-9 M, or at least about 10-10 M, or at least about 10-11 M, or at least about 10-12 M. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA in the range of about 10-8 M to about 10-13 M. Binding affinity of the fusion protein constructs for HSA can be measured using any of the methods known in the art or those methods described herein (e.g., ELISA or Biacore / Surface Plasmon Resonance) .
[0090] In embodiments, the HSA binding domains are selected from a monoclonal antibody, asingle-chain variable fragment (scFv) , a single chain antibody, and a Fab structure.
[0091] In embodiments, the HSA in HSA-containing formulations stabilize the fusion proteins with improved physicochemical properties, improved thermal stability and colloidal stability. Optionally, the fusion proteins containing two HSA-binding structural domains are formulated in compositions containing HSA in high HSA: fusion protein ratio.
[0092] The pharmaceutical composition will further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is suitable for ocular administration, such as intraocular administration (optionally intravitreal administration, subretinal administration, or suprachoroidal administration) . In embodiments, the composition is suitable for parenteral administration, such as intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, and intradermal injection.
[0093] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprise a viscosity reducing agent. In embodiments, the viscosity reducing agent comprises an amino acid salt, which is optionally arginine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the viscosity reducing agent comprises or further comprises a chloride salt, such as sodium chloride. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition has a viscosity of lower than about 25 millipascal second (mPa·s) , lower than about 20 mPa·s, lower than about 15 mPa·s, lower than about 10 mPa·s, or lower than about 5 mPa·s.
[0094] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutical acceptable excipients comprise an amino acid as stabilizer. In embodiments, the stabilizing agent is selected from histidine hydrochloride, methionine, arginine hydrochloride, glycine, proline, aspartic acid, and lysine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the stabilizing agent is arginine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the amino acid stabilizer comprises arginine hydrochloride in a range of about 10 mM to about 100 mM.
[0095] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a tonicity-adjusting agent. In embodiments, the tonicity adjusting agent comprises a mono-and / or di-saccharide, a sugar alcohol, or a chloride salt. In embodiments, the tonicity adjusting agent is selected from sucrose, trehalose, mannitol, sorbitol, and sodium chloride. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises an osmolarity of from about 240 mOsm / kg to about 360 mOsm / kg.
[0096] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a pH-adjusting agent or pharmaceutically acceptable buffering agent. In embodiments, the pH of the composition ranges from about 5.0 to about 7.5, or from about 6.0 to 7.0, or from about 6.5 to about 7.5. In embodiments, the pH-adjusting agent or buffering agent comprises any additive that modifies the acidity or alkalinity of the pharmaceutical composition. In embodiments, the pH-adjusting agent is selected from sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid. In embodiments, the buffering agent is selected from phosphate buffer, citrate buffer (citric acid / citrate) , acetate buffer (acetic acid / acetate) , or histidine buffer.
[0097] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a surfactant. In embodiments, the surfactant is selected from a polysorbate surfactant or a poloxamer. In embodiments, the surfactant is selected from polysorbate 20 (PS20) , polysorbate 80 (PS80) , and poloxamer 188 (P188) . In embodiments, the surfactant is present at a concentration of about 0.005%to about 0.2%.
[0098] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprise an antioxidant. In embodiments, the antioxidant is an amino acid. In embodiments, the antioxidant is selected from methionine, tyrosine, tryptophan, cysteine or histidine. In embodiments, the antioxidant is methionine. In embodiments, the composition comprises methionine in a range of about 5 mM to about 50 mM, or a range of about 7 mM to about 30 mM.
[0099] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct comprising three or more HSA binding domains, such as but not limited to SEQ ID NO: 26, and its derivatives (provided herein as an example) , the composition may comprise:
[0100] (a) a fusion protein construct comprising three or more human serum albumin (HSA) binding domains,
[0101] (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA at an amount that allows for the formation of large molecular weight complexes with the fusion protein constructs,
[0102] and wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct of at least about 2: 1. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct of at least about 1: 2, or at least about 1: 1.5, or at least about 1: 1, or at least about 1.5: 1, or at least about 2: 1, or at least abut 3: 1, or about 4: 1, or about 5: 1. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct in the range of about 1: 2 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 5: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 4: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 3: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 3: 1, or about or about 1: 2 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 2: 1, or about 1: 2 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 1.5 to about 1.5: 1, or about 1: 1 to about 1.5: 1. An exemplary molar ratio is about 3: 1, or about 4: 1, or about 5: 1.
[0103] In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is a native human serum albumin. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is a recombinant human serum albumin. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin is essentially fatty acid free. In some embodiments, the human serum albumin contains no more than 7 moles of fatty acids bound to one mole of human serum albumin.
[0104] In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises HSA at a concentration of at least about 0.1 mg / mL, or at least about 0.2 mg / mL, or at least about 0.3 mg / mL, or at least about 0.4 mg / mL, or at least about 0.5 mg / mL, or at least about 1 mg / mL, or at least about 2 mg / mL, or at least about 3 mg / mL, or at least about 4 mg / mL, or at least about 5 mg / mL, or at least about 6 mg / mL, or at least about 7 mg / mL, or at least about 8 mg / mL, or at least about 9 mg / mL, or at least about 10 mg / mL, or at least about 15 mg / mL, or at least about 20 mg / mL, or at least about 30 mg / mL, or at least about 40 mg / mL, at least about 50 mg / mL. In such embodiments, the composition allows for large molecular weight complexes to form with the fusion protein constructs, thereby allowing for long ocular retention. In embodiments, the HSA is present at a concentration of about 0.1 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 1 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 10 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 200 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 175 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 150 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 125 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL. In embodiments, the HSA is present at a concentration of about 16 mg / mL to about 216 mg / mL.
[0105] In embodiments, the disclosure provides non-covalently bound high molecular weight complexes comprising fusion protein construct and human serum albumin, e.g., non-covalently bound complexes prepared by mixing fusion protein construct and human serum albumin in a solution, wherein the high molecular weight complexes comprising at least one fusion protein construct and one human serum albumin. In embodiments, the predominant form of the complex has a calculated HSA / fusion protein ratio of at least 1: 1, or at least 2: 1, or at least 3: 1.
[0106] In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA of at least about 10-8 M. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA of at least about 10-9 M, or at least about 10-10 M, or at least about 10-11 M, or at least about 10-12 M. In embodiments, the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA in the range of about 10-8 M to about 10-13 M. Binding affinity of the fusion protein constructs for HSA can be measured using any of the methods known in the art or those methods described herein (e.g., ELISA or Biacore / Surface Plasmon Resonance) .
[0107] In embodiments, the HSA binding domains are selected from a monoclonal antibody, asingle-chain variable fragment (scFv) , a single chain antibody, and a Fab structure.
[0108] In embodiments, the HSA in HSA-containing formulations stabilize the fusion proteins with improved physicochemical properties, improved thermal stability and colloidal stability. Optionally, the fusion proteins containing three or more HSA-binding structural domains are formulated in compositions containing HSA in high HSA: fusion protein ratio.
[0109] The pharmaceutical composition will further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is suitable for ocular administration, such as intraocular administration (optionally intravitreal administration, subretinal administration, or suprachoroidal administration) . In embodiments, the composition is suitable for parenteral administration, such as intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, and intradermal injection.
[0110] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprise a viscosity reducing agent. In embodiments, the viscosity reducing agent comprises an amino acid salt, which is optionally arginine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the viscosity reducing agent comprises or further comprises a chloride salt, such as sodium chloride. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition has a viscosity of lower than about 25 millipascal second (mPa·s) , lower than about 20 mPa·s, lower than about 15 mPa·s, lower than about 10 mPa·s, or lower than about 5 mPa·s.
[0111] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutical acceptable excipients comprise an amino acid as stabilizer. In embodiments, the stabilizing agent is selected from histidine hydrochloride, methionine, arginine hydrochloride, glycine, proline, aspartic acid, and lysine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the stabilizing agent is arginine hydrochloride. In embodiments, the amino acid stabilizer comprises arginine hydrochloride in a range of about 10 mM to about 100 mM.
[0112] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a tonicity-adjusting agent. In embodiments, the tonicity adjusting agent comprises a mono-and / or di-saccharide, a sugar alcohol, or a chloride salt. In embodiments, the tonicity adjusting agent is selected from sucrose, trehalose, mannitol, sorbitol, and sodium chloride. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises an osmolarity of from about 240 mOsm / kg to about 360 mOsm / kg.
[0113] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a pH-adjusting agent or pharmaceutically acceptable buffering agent. In embodiments, the pH of the composition ranges from about 5.0 to about 7.5, or from about 6.0 to 7.0, or from about 6.5 to about 7.5. In embodiments, the pH-adjusting agent or buffering agent comprises any additive that modifies the acidity or alkalinity of the pharmaceutical composition. In embodiments, the pH-adjusting agent is selected from sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid. In embodiments, the buffering agent is selected from phosphate buffer, citrate buffer (citric acid / citrate) , acetate buffer (acetic acid / acetate) , or histidine buffer.
[0114] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a surfactant. In embodiments, the surfactant is selected from a polysorbate surfactant or a poloxamer. In embodiments, the surfactant is selected from polysorbate 20 (PS20) , polysorbate 80 (PS80) , and poloxamer 188 (P188) . In embodiments, the surfactant is present at a concentration of about 0.005%to about 0.2%.
[0115] In embodiments, the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprise an antioxidant. In embodiments, the antioxidant is an amino acid. In embodiments, the antioxidant is selected from methionine, tyrosine, tryptophan, cysteine or histidine. In embodiments, the antioxidant is methionine. In embodiments, the composition comprises methionine in a range of about 5 mM to about 50 mM, or a range of about 7 mM to about 30 mM.
[0116] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 17 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0117] (a) about 10 mg / mL to about 30 mg / mL, and optionally about 20 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0118] (b) about 10 mg / mL to about 70 mg / mL, and optionally from about 20 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0119] (c) about 10 mM to about 50 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, sodium citrate / citric acid buffer;
[0120] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrocholoride;
[0121] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 6.0 to about 7.0, and optionally about 6.5. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 6 (DF-01 and DF-02) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 1: 1 to about 2: 1 (e.g., about 1.5: 1) .
[0122] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 18 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0123] (a) about 10 mg / mL to about 30 mg / mL, and optionally about 20 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0124] (b) about 30 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, and optionally from about 40 mg / mL to about 80 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0125] (c) about 10 mM to about 50 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, sodium citrate / citric acid buffer;
[0126] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrocholoride;
[0127] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 6.0 to about 7.0, and optionally about 6.5. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 6 (DF-03 and DF-04) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 2: 1 to about 3: 1.
[0128] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 19 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0129] (a) about 10 mg / mL to about 30 mg / mL, and optionally about 20 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0130] (b) about 20 mg / mL to about 80 mg / mL of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0131] (c) about 10 mM to about 50 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, sodium phosphate buffer;
[0132] (d) about 40 mg / mL to about 80 mg / mL, and optionally about 60 mg / mL, sucrose;
[0133] (e) about 1 mM to about 25 mM, and optionally from about 5 mM to about 10 mM, methionine;
[0134] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 6.5 to about 7.5, and optionally about 7.0. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 8 (DF-05 and DF-06) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 1: 1 to about 2: 1.
[0135] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 20 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0136] (a) about 10 mg / mL to about 30 mg / mL, and optionally about 20 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 20, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0137] (b) about 25 mg / mL to 100 mg / mL, and optionally from about 50 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0138] (c) about 5 mM to about 50 mM, and optionally 10 mM, sodium phosphate buffer;
[0139] (d) about 40 mg / mL to about 80 mg / mL, and optionally about 60 mg / mL, of sucrose;
[0140] (e) about 1 mM to 25 mM, and optionally from about 10 mM to about 20 mM, methionine;
[0141] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 7.0 to about 8.0, and optionally the composition has a pH of 7.5. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 8 (DF-07 and DF-08) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 2: 1 to about 3: 1.
[0142] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 21 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0143] (a) about 25 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, and optionally about 50 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0144] (b) about 40 mg / mL to about 150 mg / mL, and optionally about 50 mg / mL to about 125 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0145] (c) about 1 mM to about 20 mM, and optionally about 10 mM, sodium acetate / acetic acid buffer;
[0146] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrocholoride;
[0147] (e) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, sodium chloride;
[0148] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.0 to about 6.0, and optionally the composition has a pH of about 5.5. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 10 (DF-09 and DF-10) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 1: 1 to about 2: 1.
[0149] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 22 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0150] (a) about 25 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, and optionally about 50 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0151] (b) about 75 mg / mL to about 175 mg / mL, and optionally from about 90 mg / mL to about 150 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0152] (c) about 10 mM to about 30 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, sodium citrate;
[0153] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrocholoride,
[0154] (e) about 10 mM to about 50 mM, and optionally from about 20 mM to about 30 mM, of methionine;
[0155] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 6.5, and optionally about 6.0. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 10 (DF-11 and DF-12) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 2: 1 to about 3: 1.
[0156] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 25 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0157] (a) about 20 mg / mL to about 80 mg / mL, and optionally about 60 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0158] (b) about 50 mg / mL to about 200 mg / mL, and optionally 50 mg / mL to about 175 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0159] (c) about 1 mM to about 20 mM, and optionally 10 mM, sodium citrate / citric acid buffer;
[0160] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrocholoride;
[0161] (e) about 10 mM to about 50 mM, and optionally 20 mM to about 30 mM, sodium chloride;
[0162] (f) optionally about 0.01%to about 0.05%, and optionally about 0.02%, polysorbate 20;
[0163] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 6.0 to about 7.0, and optionally about 6.5. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 12 (DF-13, DF-14, and DF-15) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 1: 1 to about 3: 1.
[0164] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 23 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0165] (a) about 40 mg / mL to about 80 mg / mL, and optionally about 60 mg / mL, of a fusion construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0166] (b) about 50 mg / mL to about 220 mg / mL, and optionally from about 70 mg / mL to about 216 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0167] (c) about 1 mM to about 30 mM, and optionally from about 10 to about 20 mM, sodium citrate / citric acid buffer;
[0168] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrocholoride;
[0169] (e) about 10 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, and optionally about 30 mg / mL, sucrose;
[0170] (f) about 0.01%to about 0.05%, and optionally about 0.02%, polysorbate 20;
[0171] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 6.0 to about 7.0, and optionally about 6.5. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 13 (DF-16 DF-17) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 1: 1 to about 3: 1.
[0172] In other embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 23 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0173] (a) about 10 mg / mL to about 40 mg / mL, and optionally about 20 mg / mL, of a fusion construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0174] (b) about 20 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, and optionally from about 30 mg / mL to about 40 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0175] (c) about 10 mM to about 40 mM, and optionally from about 20 mM, sodium citrate / citric acid buffer;
[0176] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrocholoride;
[0177] (e) about 0.01%to about 0.05%, and optionally about 0.04%, polysorbate 20;
[0178] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 6.5, and optionally about 6.0. An exemplary formulation according to these embodiments is shown in Table 13 (DF-18) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 1: 1 to about 2: 1 (e.g., about 1.5: 1) .
[0179] In other embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 24 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0180] (a) about 25 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, and optionally about 50 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0181] (b) about 40 mg / mL to about 175 mg / mL, and optionally from about 50 mg / mL to about 150 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0182] (c) about 1 mM to about 40 mM, and optionally from about 10 mM to about 30 mM of a buffer selected from sodium citrate / citric acid buffer, histidine buffer, and sodium phosphate buffer;
[0183] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM arginine hydrocholoride;
[0184] (e) about 10 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 20 mM to about 40 mM, sodium chloride;
[0185] (f) optionally from about 0.01%to about 0.05%, and optionally about 0.04%, polysorbate 20;
[0186] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and optionally the composition has a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.0 (e.g., about 6.0) . Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 13 (DF-19, DF-20, and DF-21) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 1: 1 to about 3: 1.
[0187] In other embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 24, the composition may comprise:
[0188] (a) about 50 mg / mL of the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 24;
[0189] (b) about 140 to about 150 mg / mL of a pharmaceutically acceptable human HSA, wherein the molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct is about 3: 1,
[0190] (c) about 10 mM to about 30 mM of a buffering agent selected from sodium citrate / citric acid buffer, histidine / histidine hydrochloride buffer, and sodium phosphate buffer,
[0191] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrochloride,
[0192] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 7.5. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 18 (DF-31 to DF-39) .
[0193] In still other embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 24, the pharmaceutical composition may comprise:
[0194] (a) about 50 mg / mL of a fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 24;
[0195] (b) about 140 to about 150 mg / mL of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA, wherein the molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion construct is about 3: 1;
[0196] (c) about 10 mM to about 30 mM of a buffering agent selected from sodium citrate / citric acid buffer and sodium phosphate buffer;
[0197] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrochloride;
[0198] (e) about 25 mM to about 75 mM sodium chloride, and optionally about 40 mM to about 60 mM sodium chloride;
[0199] (f) optionally from about 1 mg / mL to about 20 mg / mL sucrose, and optionally about 10 mg / mL sucrose;
[0200] (g) about 1 mM to about 20 mM, and optionally from about 5 to 10 mM, methionine;
[0201] (h) about 0.01%to about 0.05%, and optionally from about 0.02%to 0.04%, polysorbate 20,
[0202] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 6.5 to about 7.0. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 22 (DF-40 to DF-47) .
[0203] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 26 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0204] (a) about 25 mg / mL to about 75 mg / ml of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0205] (b) about 75 mg / mL to about 175 mg / mL, and optionally about 100 mg / mL to about 175 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0206] (c) about 10 mM to about 30 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, sodium citrate / citric acid buffer;
[0207] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrocholoride;
[0208] (e) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, of sodium chloride;
[0209] (f) about 0.005%to about 0.02%, and optionally about 0.01%, polysorbate 80;
[0210] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 6.5, and optionally the composition has a pH of about 6.0. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 13 (DF-22 and DF-23) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 3: 1 to about 5: 1 (e.g., about 3: 1 to about 4: 1) .
[0211] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 26 or its derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0212] (a) about 10 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, and optionally about 20 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26, or an amino acid sequence having at least 90%, or at least 93%, or at least 95%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0213] (b) about 50 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, and optionally about 70 mg / mL to about 90 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0214] (c) about 10 mM to about 30 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, sodium citrate / citric acid buffer;
[0215] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally 50 mM, arginine hydrocholoride;
[0216] (e) about 0.005%to about 0.02%, and optionally about 0.01%, polysorbate 80;
[0217] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 6.5, and optionally where the composition has a pH of about 6.0. An exemplary formulation according to these embodiments is shown in Table 13 (DF-24) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of about 5: 1 (e.g., about 1.5: 1) .
[0218] In embodiments employing the fusion protein constructs of SEQ ID NO: 26 and SEQ ID NO: 27, or their derivatives (containing HSA binding domain in Fab structure) , the composition may comprise:
[0219] (a) about 10 mg / mL to about 30 mg / mL, and optionally 20 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising two polypeptide chains, wherein the first polypeptide chain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least 93%, or at least 95%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity thereto, and wherein the second polypeptide chain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 28, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least 93%, or at least 95%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0220] (b) about 10 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, and optionally from about 15 to about 35 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0221] (c) about 10 mM to about 30 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, of histidine / histidine hydrochloride buffer;
[0222] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally 50 mM, sodium chloride;
[0223] (e) about 20 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, and optionally about 30 mg / mL, sucrose;
[0224] (f) about 0.01%to about 0.05%, and optionally about 0.02%, polysorbate 80;
[0225] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 6.0 to about 7.0, and optionally about 6.5. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 15 (DF-25 and DF-26) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 1: 1 to about 2: 1.
[0226] In embodiments employing the fusion protein constructs of SEQ ID NO: 29 and SEQ ID NO: 30, or their derivatives (containing HSA binding domain in Fab structure) , the composition may comprise:
[0227] (a) about 10 mg / mL to about 30 mg / mL, and optionally 20 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising two polypeptide chains, wherein the first polypeptide chain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 29, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least 93%, or at least 95%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity thereto, and wherein the second polypeptide chain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 30, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least 93%, or at least 95%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0228] (b) about 10 mg / mL to about 40 mg / mL, and optionally from about 23 mg / mL to about 31 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0229] (c) about 10 mM to about 30 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, histidine / histidine hydrochloride buffer;
[0230] (d) about 10 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, and optionally about 30 mg / mL, sucrose;
[0231] (e) about 0.01%to about 0.05%, and optionally about 0.02%, Poloxamer 188;
[0232] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 6.5, and optionally the composition has a pH of about 6.0. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 15 (DF-27 and DF-28) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 3: 1 to about 4: 1.
[0233] In embodiments employing the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 31, or their derivatives (containing HSA binding domain in scFv structure) , the composition may comprise:
[0234] (a) about 10 mg / mL to about 40 mg / mL, and optionally about 20 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0235] (b) about 25 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, and optionally from about 30 mg / mL to about 65 mg / mL, of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0236] (c) about 10 mM to about 30 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, histidine / histidine hydrochloride buffer;
[0237] (d) about 10 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL, and optionally 30 mg / mL, sucrose;
[0238] (e) about 0.1%to about 0.5%, and optionally 0.2%, of Poloxamer 188,
[0239] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 6.5 to about 7.5, and optionally about 7.0. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 15 (DF-29 and DF-30) . Such formulations in embodiments may comprise an HSA: fusion protein molar ratio of from about 1: 1 to about 2: 1.
[0240] In embodiments employing the fusion protein constructs of SEQ ID NOs: 21, 23, 24, or 26, or their derivatives, the composition may comprise:
[0241] (a) about 5 mg / mL to about 20 mg / mL, and optionally about 10 mg / mL to about 15 mg / mL (e.g., about 12 mg / mL) of a fusion protein construct comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 24, or SEQ ID NO: 26, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;
[0242] (b) about 10 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL of a pharmaceutically acceptable HSA;
[0243] (c) about 5 mM to about 20 mM, and optionally 10 mM, sodium citrate / citric acid buffer;
[0244] (d) about 25 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrochloride,
[0245] (e) about 1 mM to about 20 mM, and optionally 5 mM to 10 mM, methionine;
[0246] (f) about 40 mM to about 80 mM, and optionally from about 55 mM to about 75 mM sodium chloride;
[0247] (g) about 0.02%to about 0.06%, and optionally about 0.04%polysorbate 20,
[0248] and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition is about 6.5. Exemplary formulations according to these embodiments are shown in Table 26.
[0249] In an aspect, there is also provided a method for treating a condition or disease of the eye in a subject (e.g., a human subject, or in embodiments a non-human mammalian subject) , comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition of the present disclosure. In embodiments, the disease or disorder is an ocular neovascular condition.
[0250] In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is administered by intravitreal or suprachoroidal injection. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is administered no more frequently than every 2 weeks (e.g., about once every 14 days) , or no more frequently than about every month (e.g., about once every 30 days) , or no more frequently than every other month, or no more frequently than once every three months, or no more frequently than once every four months, or no more frequently than once every six months. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is administered by intravitreal injection.
[0251] In still other aspects, the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing the pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein. The method comprises providing the fusion protein construct and ultrafiltering the fusion protein construct against the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients by tangential flow filtration (TFF) . The pharmaceutically acceptable HSA is incorporated with the ultrafiltered composition together with one or more pharmaceutical acceptable excipients, and ultrafiltering the composition comprising HSA by TFF (e.g., in at least 6-fold buffer volume) .
[0252] As used herein, unless the context requires otherwise, the term “about” means±10%with respect to a reference value.
[0253] EXAMPLES
[0254] Example 1. Construction of fusion proteins containing anti-HSA antibody domain
[0255] In this example, multiple fusion proteins containing anti-human serum albumin (HSA) antibody domain (s) were constructed as depicted in Figure 1A to Figure 1D. The fusion constructs typically contain one, two, or three HSA binding domains and one or more binding domains of targeted effector molecule (s) . The binding domains of HSA are typically nanobody (VHH) structures, or Fab structures, or scFv structures.
[0256] Anti-HSA antibody-containing fusion proteins can be constructed by tandemly linking an HSA binding domain with an effector molecule binding domain, as shown in Figure 1A, where the binding domain (s) targeting HSA and the effector molecule (s) are generally VHH structures. Typically, the C-terminal end of the VHH antibody targeting an effector molecule is fused via a linker, such as GGS or EPKSS linker, with the N-terminal end of the HSA binding domain. The connection of different structural domains can be according to the following orders: [ (VHH) effector1-linker- (VHH) HSA] n, or (VHH) effector1 -linker- [ (VHH) effector2-linker- (VHH) HSA] n, or (VHH) effector1-linker- (VHH) effector2-linker- (VHH) HSA-linker- (VHH) effector 2. Effector 1 and effector 2 can be the same or different target molecules, and n is an integer, such as 1, 2, or 3.
[0257] VEGFA and ANG2 were used as exemplary effector molecules for the design of fusion constructs based on the above anti-HSA antibody-containing fusion construct structures (Figure 1A) . The anti-VEGFA antibodies used for the construction of the fusion proteins were V1-SA1 or V1-SA3 nanobodies obtained by screening of a camelid VHH phage display library, followed by antibody humanization. The amino acid sequences of the heavy-chain variable region of V1-SA1 and V1-SA3 antibody are provided as SEQ ID NO: 1 and 2, respectively. The anti-Ang2 antibody used for the construction of the fusion proteins was A3001-Hz11 GG obtained by screening of a camelid VHH phage display library. The amino acid sequence of A3001-Hz11 GG is provided as SEQ ID NO: 5.
[0258] As shown in Table 1, three anti-HSA nanobodies with different binding affinities were used for the design of the fusion constructs, including 3005Hz6, 1068, and HSA-nb. The fusion constructs contain monovalent, bivalent, or trivalent HSA-binding structural domains. The anti-HSA nanobodies 3005Hz6 and 1068 were obtained by screening of a camelid VHH phage display library, followed by antibody humanization and / or affinity maturation. The amino acid sequences of the heavy-chain variable region of 3005Hz6 and 1068 antibody are provided as SEQ ID NO: 7 and 8. The HSA-nb is another anti-HSA antibody used for the fusion constructs. The amino acid sequence of the heavy-chain variable region of HSA-nb is provided as SEQ ID NO: 9.
[0259] Table 1. Fusion constructs containing anti-HSA antibody domain (s) (tandem VHH format)
[0260] In embodiments, the anti-HSA antibody-containing fusion constructs may comprise two polypeptide chains. As shown in Figure 1B, the polypeptide chain 1 can be constructed by connecting a heavy-chain variable region (VH) of the HSA binding domain with an antibody constant region CH1 and an effector molecular binding domain (typically VHH antibody) using a (G4S) n linker. The order of domain connections from N-to C-terminals is generally (VH) HSA-CH1- (G4S) 3- (VHH) effector. The polypeptide chain 2 can be constructed by connecting the light-chain variable region (VL) of the HSA binding domain with CL and the effector molecular binding domain (typically VHH antibody) via a (G4S) n linker. The order of domain connections from N-to C-terminals is generally (VL) HSA-CL- (G4S) 3- (VHH) effector. Alternatively, the anti-HSA antibody-containing fusion constructs can be designed in the format as shown in Figure 1C, where polypeptide chain 1 is constructed by fusion of the effector molecular binding domain (VHH) at the C-terminal end of the heavy-chain (HC) of the anti-HSA antibody, and the polypeptide chain 2 is the corresponding light-chain (LC) of the anti-HSA antibody.
[0261] VEGFA was used as an exemplary effector molecule for the design of fusion constructs based on the above anti-HSA antibody-containing fusion constructs (see Figure 1B and 1C) . An anti-HSA antibody SL335 was used for the design of fusion constructs (Table 2) . The amino acid sequencies of the heavy-chain and light-chain variable regions of SL335 are provided as SEQ ID NO: 10 and 11.
[0262] Table 2. Fusion constructs containing anti-HSA antibody domain (s) (Fab format)
[0263] In some embodiments, the anti-HSA antibody-containing fusion proteins are constructed by tandemly linking an HSA binding domain with an effector molecule binding domain, as shown in Figure 1D, where the binding domains targeting HSA are generally scFv structures. Typically, the C-terminal end of the VHH antibody targeting an effector molecule is fused via a linker, such as EPKSS, with the N-terminal end of the anti-HSA scFv domain. The connection of different structural domains is generally [ (VHH) effector-linker- (scFv) HSA] n, or (scFv) HSA-linker- (VHH) effector-linker- (scFv) HSA. ANG2 was used as an exemplary effector molecule for the design of the fusion constructs (see Figure 1D) . The anti-HSA antibody SL335 was used for the design of fusion constructs, where the fusion constructs typically contain one or two HSA binding structural domains (Table 3) .
[0264] Table 3. Fusion constructs containing anti-HSA antibody domain (s) (scFv format)
[0265] Example 2. Recombinant expression and purification of fusion proteins containing anti-HSA antibody domain and affinity measurements
[0266] In this example, a mammalian cell expression system was used for the recombinant expression of the various fusion proteins. The nucleotide sequence encoding the fusion constructs as described in Table 4 was synthesized and cloned by homologous recombination into the expression vector pCDNA3.1 (+) (Genewiz) . The recombinant plasmids containing the nucleotide sequences encoding the fusion constructs were transfected into a FreeStyle 293 (Gibco) cell line by a PEI (Polysciences) -mediated method for transient expression of the fusion proteins. Four to six days after transfection, the supernatant from transfected cells were collected and quantified for antibody titer. The recombinantly expressed fusion proteins were purified using PrismA (Cytiva) affinity chromatography using 1×PBS, pH 7.4 as equilibration buffer, and 50 mM HAc, pH 3.5 as elution buffer, respectively. The eluate was neutralized to pH 7.0 with alkaline neutralizing solution and quantified by UV280 method. The purified proteins were dialyzed against 1xPBS buffer (pH 7.4) overnight and stored at-80℃ refrigerator before use.
[0267] Table 4. SEQ ID Nos of Fusion constructs containing anti-HSA antibody domain (s)
[0268] The binding kinetics of the fusion proteins towards human serum albumin was measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) using Biacore 8K (Cytiva) . Briefly, Anti-His capturing antibody (Cytiva, Cat#: 28995056) was immobilized to Series Sensor Chip CM5 (Cytiva, Cat#: 29127556) using standard amine coupling chemistry. Next, Human Serum Albumin Protein with His tag (Acro, Cat#: HSA-H5220) was captured to the surface of the anti-His antibody immobilized Sensor Chip, followed by association and dissociation of the fusion proteins with the immobilized HSA ligand in 1xHBS-EP+buffer (Cytiva, Cat#: BR100669) . The kinetic parameters (Ka and Kd) and affinities (KD) were calculated using the Langmuir 1: 1 binding model with the Biacore Evaluation software.
[0269] Table 5. The binding kinetics of fusion proteins towards human serum albumin
[0270] Results are shown in Table 5. In general, the fusion proteins containing different anti-HSA antibodies and different number of HSA-binding domains have binding affinities (KD) towards HSA in the range of 2.66 x 10-9 to 1.47 x 10-11 M. Fusion proteins containing bivalent or trivalent anti-HSA antibody domains exhibited enhanced binding affinities than those fusion proteins containing monovalent anti-HSA antibody domain.
[0271] Example 3. HSA-containing formulations
[0272] In this example, multiple HSA-containing formulations were prepared to provide pharmaceutical compositions comprising human serum albumin (HSA) and a fusion protein, where the fusion protein contains HSA-binding domain (s) and is capable of forming large molecular weight complexes between HSA and the fusion protein via non-covalent interactions.
[0273] The compositions of the present disclosure comprise pharmaceutically acceptable human serum albumin. The human serum albumin is present in a total amount sufficient to form large molecular weight complexes with the anti-HSA antibody domain (s) -containing fusion proteins. The compositions of the present disclosure also comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable salts or carbohydrates as tonicity-adjusting agents. An example of tonicity-adjusting agents are sodium chloride or sugars. The tonicity-adjusting agents are present in a total amount sufficient to provide the compositions of the present disclosure with an osmolarity of 240 to 360 mOsm / kg. The compositions of the present disclosure also comprise pharmaceutical acceptable viscosity-reducing agents, such as arginine hydrochloride and / or sodium chloride in a total amount sufficient to provide the compositions of the present disclosure with a viscosity of lower than 20 mPa·s, preferably lower than 15 mPa·s, and even more preferably lower than 10 mPa·s.
[0274] The compositions of the present disclosure may also comprise a pH-adjusting agent, such as NaOH or HCl to adjust the pH of the compositions to pH 5.5 to 7.5. The compositions of the present disclosure also comprise a pharmaceutical acceptable buffering agent, such as phosphate buffer, citrate buffer, histidine buffer or acetate buffer to maintain the pH of the compositions within the range of 5.5 to 7.5.
[0275] The compositions of the present disclosure may also contain a pharmaceutical acceptable surfactant, such as polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80 or Poloxamer 188 for those fusion proteins with high hydrophobic properties, to reduce the possibility of forming protein aggregates. The preferred concentrations of polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80 or Poloxamer 188 were in the range of 0.005%to 0.2%.
[0276] The compositions of the present disclosure may also contain a pharmaceutical acceptable antioxidant agent, such as methionine. The preferred concentrations of methionine were in the range of 7 mM to 30 mM.
[0277] The method for preparing the HSA-containing formulations includes ultrafiltration of the fusion proteins (e.g., as prepared in Example 2) against the designated buffer using tangential flow filtration (TFF) , followed by mixing with the commercially available human serum albumin (Takeda) to form HSA / fusion protein complex and ultrafiltered in at least 6-folds buffer volume by TFF.
[0278] The formation of large molecular weight complexes in the formulations can be evaluated using size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) , which was performed on Agilent 1260 Infinity II using SRT SEC-300 (5μm, 7.8×600 mm, 300A) column. The assay was conducted under the following condition:
[0279] Mobile phase: 50 mM PB, 300 mM NaCl, pH 7.5;
[0280] Flow rate: 0.6 mL / min; and
[0281] Detection wavelength: 280 nm.
[0282] The apparent molecular weight of the complex was determined from its retention time using the calibration equation established with validated molecular weight markers.
[0283] The viscosity and osmolarity of the pharmaceutical compositions were determined using microVISC (RheoSense) and STY-1A osmometer, respectively.
[0284] The structural stability of the pharmaceutical composition was evaluated by melting temperature (Tm) measurement of the fusion proteins using differential scanning fluorescence (DSF) . The colloidal stability of the pharmaceutical composition was evaluated by the aggregation temperature (Tagg) measurement using static light scattering (SLS) method at the wavelength of 266 and 473 nm, where 266 nm detection provides enhanced sensitivity for discerning smaller particles; and 473 nm detection optimizes large aggregate quantification. A multiparameter high-throughput protein stability analyzer (UNcle, UNCHAINED LABS) was used for measuring Tm and Tagg values of pharmaceutical compositions in this example under the following conditions:
[0285] Incubation time: 180 s;
[0286] Starting temperature: 25℃;
[0287] End temperature of 95℃;
[0288] Heating rate of 0.3-1.0 s.
[0289] The hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of fusion protein or complex was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) using an NS-90Z analyzer (OMEC Instrument) at 25℃. Rh values were calculated using the Stokes-Einstein relation:
[0290] where kB is the Boltzmann constant andηthe viscosity of the solvent at the absolute temperature T, taken as 0.899 mPa·s for the viscosity of Simulated Vitreous Humor (BiochemazoneTM, BZ277) at 25℃.
[0291] 3.1 Formulations DF-01 to DF-04
[0292] The pharmaceutical compositions of the formulations DF-01 to DF-04 containing D38 or D30 fusion proteins are shown in Table 6. DF-Ctrl represents formulation containing the same composition and concentration with that of DF-01 / DF-02 and DF-03 / DF-04 but does not contain human serum albumin.
[0293] Table 6. Pharmaceutical compositions of formulations DF-01 to DF-04
[0294] The formation of HSA / fusion protein complexes in the formulations was evaluated by SEC-HPLC and apparent molecular weight was determined using the calibration equation established with validated molecular weight markers. Results are shown in Figure 2. High molecular weight complex was formed for both fusion proteins D38 and D30 in formulations containing HSA (DF-02 and DF-04) . The predominant D30 / HSA complex (122 kDa, HSA: D30 molar ratio: 1.2: 1) formed in DF-04 formulation (HSA concentration: 72 mg / mL) has a larger molecular weight than D38 / HSA complex (97 kDa, HSA: D38 molar ratio: 1: 1) formed in DF-02 formulation (HSA concentration: 48 mg / mL) .
[0295] The biological activities of the fusion protein were evaluated to test if the binding of the HSA interferes with the normal biological function of the fusion proteins. The D38 and D30 were designed to target the effector molecule VEGFA. A VEGFR2 competitive ELISA was conducted for biological activity measurements. Briefly, the goat anti-human IgG-Fc (Solarbio, Cat#: PA107-01) was coated onto 96-well microplates at a concentration of 5μg / mL, 4℃ overnight. The VEGFR2-Fc fusion protein (SinoBiological, Cat#10012-H02H) was added to the microplates and incubated for 1 hr. The serial diluted fusion proteins in formulations containing HSA or without HSA were pre-incubated with biotinylated VEGFA165-Avi-His protein (0.4 nM) at 37℃ for 1 hr and then added to the microplates to incubate for another hour. After washing, the biotinylated VEGFA165-Avi-His protein bound with VEGFR2-Fc was detected by Streptavidin-HRP (Sangon, Cat#: D111054-0001) and TMB (Tiangen Biotech, Cat#: PA107-01) .
[0296] Results are shown in Table 7. D38 in DF-02 and DF-Ctrl formulation exhibited comparable activity (IC50 values: 0.58 nM vs 0.46 nM) in blocking the VEGFA165 / VEGFR2 binding. Similarly, comparable biological activity was detected for D30 in DF-04 and DF-Ctrl formulation, suggesting that the presence and binding of HSA with the fusion protein did not interfere with its biological activity.
[0297] Table 7. Biological activity results of D38 / D30 in DF-Ctrl, DF-02, and DF-04 formulations
[0298] 3.2 Formulations DF-05 to DF-08
[0299] The pharmaceutical compositions of the formulations DF-05 to DF-08 containing N01 or N02 fusion proteins are shown in Table 8. Fusion proteins N01 and N02 contain monovalent and bivalent anti-HSA antibody (HSA-nb) structural domains, respectively. DF-Ctrl represents a control formulation without human serum albumin.
[0300] Table 8. Pharmaceutical compositions of formulations DF-05 to DF-08
[0301] The formation of HSA / fusion protein complexes in the formulations was measured by SEC-HPLC and apparent molecular weight was determined using the calibration equation established with validated molecular weight markers. Results are shown in Figure 3. High molecular weight complexes were formed for both fusion proteins in formulations containing HSA (DF-06 and DF-08) . The apparent molecular weights of predominant N02 / HSA complex formed in DF-08 formulation and N01 / HSA complex formed in DF-06 formulation were 110 kDa and 251 kDa, respectively.
[0302] The structural stability of fusion proteins was evaluated by melting temperature (Tm) and aggregation temperature (Tagg) measurement using a protein stability analyzer (UNcle, UNCHAINED LABS) . As shown in Table 9, Tm and Tagg values of all fusion proteins increased in formulations containing HSA in comparison to the control formulation without HSA (DF-Ctrl) . The increase in Tm and Tagg values is much more significant in DF-07 and DF-08 formulations, suggesting the stabilization effect of HSA to fusion proteins, especially for those proteins containing 2 or more HSA-binding domains.
[0303] Table 9. Tm and Tagg values of N01 and N02 in formulations with or without HSA
[0304] 3.3 Formulations DF-09 to DF-12
[0305] The pharmaceutical compositions of the formulations DF-09 to DF-12 containing A91 or A120 fusion proteins are shown in Table 10. Fusion proteins A91 and A120 contain one and two anti-HSA antibody (3005Hz6) structural domains, respectively.
[0306] Table 10. Pharmaceutical compositions of formulations DF-09 to DF-12
[0307] The formation of HSA / fusion protein complexes in the formulations was evaluated by SEC-HPLC and apparent molecular weight was determined using the calibration equation established with validated molecular weight markers. Results are shown in Figure 4. High molecular weight complexes were formed for both fusion proteins in formulations containing HSA (DF-10 and DF-12) . The predominant A120 / HSA complex (232 kDa, HSA: A120 molar ratio: 2.2: 1) formed in DF-12 formulation (HSA concentration: 145.1 mg / mL) has a larger molecular weight than A91 / HSA complex (134 kDa, HSA: A91 molar ratio: 1.1: 1) formed in DF-10 formulation (HSA concentration: 120 mg / mL) .
[0308] The stabilization effect of HSA to fusion proteins is further evaluated under the temperature of 40℃ for 4 weeks. Samples were collected and tested at 0, 1-week, 2-week, and 4-week for physicochemical properties and 0, 1-week, and 2-week for protein aggregation by SEC-HPLC. As shown in Table 11, fusion proteins A91 and A120 were unstable in control formulations without HSA (DF-Ctrl) , exhibiting precipitation in appearance stored under 40℃ for 1 week. The stability of fusion proteins was improved in formulations containing HSA, especially for the fusion protein containing 2 HSA-binding domains (A120) supplemented with HSA at high HSA / fusion protein ratios (DF-11 and DF-12) .
[0309] Table 11. Stabilization of fusion proteins in formulations containing HSA
[0310] -: not tested
[0311] 3.4 Formulations DF-13 to DF-15
[0312] The pharmaceutical compositions of DF-13 to DF-15 containing A101 fusion protein are shown in Table 12. Fusion protein A101 contains two anti-HSA antibody (1068) structural domains, one VEGFA binding domain and one ANG2 binding domain.
[0313] Table 12. Pharmaceutical compositions of formulations DF-13 to DF-15
[0314] As shown in Figure 5, high molecular weight complex was formed between A101 and HSA in HSA-containing formulations DF-13 to DF-15. A101 contains two HSA-binding structural domains and is capable of forming HSA / A101 complex in molar ratios of 1: 1 or 2: 1, wherein one molecule of A101 is associated with one or two molecules of HSA by non-covalent interactions. The formation of large molecular weight complexes was evaluated by SEC-HPLC and apparent molecular weight was determined using the calibration equation established with validated molecular weight markers. As shown in Figure 5, a shift towards larger complexes was observed with increasing concentrations of HSA, wherein the calculated molecular weights were 178 kDa, 197 kDa, and 237 kDa, respectively.
[0315] 3.5 Formulations DF-16 to DF-24
[0316] The pharmaceutical compositions of DF-16 to DF-24 containing A106, A109 or A118 fusion proteins are shown in Table 13. Fusion proteins A106, A109, and A118 contain monovalent, bivalent, and trivalent anti-HSA antibody (1068) structural domains, respectively. They can form HSA / fusion protein complex in molar ratios of 1: 1, 2: 1 or 3: 1, where one molecule of fusion protein is associated with one, two, or three molecules of HSA by non-covalent interactions.
[0317] Table 13. Pharmaceutical compositions of formulations DF-16 to DF-24
[0318] The formation of large molecular weight complexes between fusion protein and HSA was evaluated by SEC-HPLC and apparent molecular weight was determined using the calibration equation established with validated molecular weight markers. A shift towards larger molecular weight complexes was observed with increasing concentrations of HSA for the same fusion protein A109 formulated in different formulations (DF-19, DF-20, and DF-21) , wherein the calculated molecular weights of the predominant complex were 173 kDa, 194 kDa, and 224 kDa, respectively; and HSA: A109 ratios in the complex were 1.6, 1.9, and 2.3, respectively (Figure 6) . Alternatively, when different fusion proteins (A106, A109, and A118) formulated in their corresponding compositions containing saturated concentrations of HSA (DF-18, DF-21, and DF-23) , the calculated molecular weights of the predominant complex were 134 kDa, 224 kDa, and 314 kDa, respectively; and the calculated HSA: fusion protein ratios of the complexes were 1.2, 2.3, and 3.4, respectively (Figure 7) .
[0319] The biological activities of the fusion proteins were evaluated to test if the binding of the HSA interferes with the normal biological function of the fusion proteins. The A106, A109, and A118 fusion proteins were designed to target the effector molecules VEGFA and ANG2. Competitive ELISAs (VEGFR2 and Tie2) were conducted for biological activity measurements. The VEGFR2 competitive ELISA was conducted using the same method as described in Example 3.1. The Tie2 competitive ELISA was conducted by coating the Tie2-Fc fusion protein (SinoBiological, Cat#10700-H03H) onto 96-well microplates at a concentration of 4μg / mL, 4℃ overnight. The serial diluted fusion proteins in formulations containing HSA or without HSA were pre-incubated with full-length ANG2 with His-tag (ANG2-His, 10 nM) at 37℃ for another hour. After washing, the ANG2-His bound with Tie2-Fc was detected with HRP-conjugated mouse anti-His-tag antibody (Proteintech, Cat#: HRP-66005) and TMB substrate (Tiangen Biotech, Cat#: PA107-01) .
[0320] As shown in Table 14, fusion proteins formulated in pharmaceutical compositions with or without HSA exhibited comparable activity in blocking the VEGFA165 / VEGFR2 binding. On the other hand, it is unexpected to find that fusion proteins A106, A109, and A118 formulated in pharmaceutical compositions containing HSA all exhibited enhanced activity in competing with Tie2 for ANG2 binding.
[0321] Table 14. Activity results of fusion proteins formulated in pharmaceutical compositions with or without HSA
[0322] 3.6 Formulations DF-25 to DF-30
[0323] The pharmaceutical compositions of the formulations DF-25 to DF-30 containing H01, H02, or H03 fusion proteins are shown in Table 15 below. Fusion proteins H01 and H03 contains monovalent anti-HSA antibody (SL335) structural domain in Fab and scFv format, respectively. H02 contains bivalent anti-HSA antibody (SL335) structural domains in Fab format.
[0324] Table 15. Pharmaceutical compositions of formulations DF-25 to DF-30
[0325] The formation of HSA / fusion protein complexes in the formulations was evaluated by SEC-HPLC and apparent molecular weight was determined using the calibration equation established with validated molecular weight markers. Results are shown in Figure 8. High molecular weight complexes were formed for both fusion proteins in formulations containing HSA (DF-26 and DF-28) . The H02 fusion protein (containing bivalent SL335) formed a complex in HSA containing formulation with a larger molecular weight than that of the H01 fusion protein (containing monovalent SL335) with the apparent molecular weight of 417 kDa and 184 kDa, respectively.
[0326] Example 4 Stabilization of fusion protein in formulations containing HSA
[0327] High concentration protein products have become successful in the therapeutic sector due to their unique advantages in therapeutics administration, especially in intraocular and subcutaneous injections when delivery volume is limiting. However, there are technical challenges in high-concentration protein products development, such as physical and chemical instability, high viscosity, and sub-optimal osmolarity.
[0328] In this example, the effects of HSA in stabilization of fusion proteins were evaluated by formulation of a fusion protein in pharmaceutical compositions containing HSA. A106, A109, and A118 are fusion proteins with high hydrophobic property and low water solubility, which limits their pharmacological potential. To stabilize the fusion proteins and obtain pharmaceutical compositions with optimal physicochemical properties, the fusion protein at the concentration of~20-60 mg / mL was formulated in compositions containing HSA in the range of 16-216 mg / mL together with other pharmaceutical acceptable agents to adjust osmolarity and viscosity. Results showed that optimal osmolarity of 240-360 mOsm / kg was achieved for formulations containing high concentration of HSA / fusion protein at a total protein concentration of>100 mg / mL, or>200 mg / mL, or even>300 mg / mL. The viscosity values are lower than 20 mPa·s, preferably lower than 15 mPa·s, and even more preferably lower than 10 mPa·s.
[0329] The structural stability of fusion proteins was evaluated by melting temperature (Tm) and aggregation temperature (Tagg) measurement using a protein stability analyzer (UNcle, UNCHAINED LABS) . As shown in Table 16, Tm and Tagg values of all fusion proteins increased in formulations containing HSA in comparison to the control formulation without HSA (DF-Ctrl) . The increase in Tm and Tagg values is much more significant in DF-21 and DF-24 formulations, suggesting the stabilization effect of HSA to fusion proteins, especially for those proteins containing 2 or more HSA-binding domains.
[0330] Table 16. Tm and Tagg values of fusion proteins in formulations with or without HSA
[0331] The stabilization effect of HSA to fusion proteins is further evaluated under the temperature of 40℃ for 4 weeks. Samples were collected and tested at 0, 1-week, 2-week, and 4-week for physicochemical properties.
[0332] As shown in Table 17, fusion proteins A106, A109, and A118 were unstable in control formulations without HSA, exhibiting opalescence or precipitation in appearance stored under 40℃ for 1 week. HSA in the formulations with low HSA / fusion protein ratios (1: 1 or 1.5: 1) improved the stability of fusion proteins, but still exhibited opalescence or precipitation in appearance stored under 40℃ for 2-4 weeks. Formulations containing high HSA / fusion protein ratio (3: 1) remained stable throughout the study period of 4 weeks. These results demonstrated that inclusion of human serum albumin in formulations could improve the stability of fusion proteins, especially at high HSA / fusion protein ratios.
[0333] Table 17. Stabilization of fusion proteins in formulations containing HSA
[0334] Example 5 Stability studies of A109 in Formulations DF-31 to DF-39
[0335] The pharmaceutical compositions of the formulations DF-31 to DF-39 containing 144 mg / mL HSA and 50 mg / mL fusion protein A109 are shown in Table 18 below. Three different buffer system and five different pHs were selected for formulation preparation and evaluation, including citrate buffer system at pH 5.5-6.5, histidine buffer system at pH 6.0-7.0, and phosphate buffer system at pH 6.5-7.5.
[0336] Table 18. Pharmaceutical compositions of formulations DF-31 to DF-39
[0337] The stability studies were conducted under 40℃ for 4 weeks. Samples were collected and tested at 0, 1-week, 2-week, and 4-week for physicochemical properties, protein content and bioactivity, respectively. As shown in Table 19, A109 formulated in DF-31 to DF-39 remained stable in appearance and pH throughout the study period of 4 weeks for all formulations.
[0338] Table 19. Physicochemical properties of DF-31 to DF-39 stored at 40℃ for 4 weeks
[0339] The concentrations of fusion proteins and HSA in the formulations were evaluated using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) , which is performed on Shimadzu LC-2050C 3D using PLRP-S (5μm, 4.6×150 mm) column. As shown in Table 20, there were no significant changes of protein concentrations for both fusion protein and HSA throughout the study period of 4 weeks for all formulations.
[0340] Table 20. A109 and HSA concentrations in DF-31 to DF-39 formulations stored at 40℃ for 4 weeks
[0341] The biological activities of the fusion protein A109 in DF-31 to DF-39 formulations were evaluated using competitive ELISAs (VEGFR2 and Tie2) as described in Example 3.1 and Example 3.5. As shown in Table 21, there were no significant changes in biological activities detected throughout the study period of 4 weeks for all formulations.
[0342] Table 21. Biological activity results of fusion protein A109 in DF-31 to DF-39 formulations
[0343] In conclusion, the fusion protein A109 was stable in HSA-containing formulations evaluated in this example at different buffer system and pH, including citrate buffer system at pH 5.5 to 6.5, histidine buffer system at pH 6.0 to 7.0, and phosphate buffer system at pH 6.5 to 7.5.
[0344] Example 6 Stability studies of A109 in Formulations DF-40 to DF-47
[0345] The pharmaceutical compositions of the formulations DF-40 to DF-47 containing 144 mg / mL HSA and 50 mg / mL fusion protein A109 are shown in Table 22 below. Two different buffer system / pHs were selected for formulation preparation and evaluation, including citrate buffer system at pH 6.5 and phosphate buffer system at pH 7.0. The viscosity and osmolarity of the pharmaceutical compositions were determined using microVISC (RheoSense) and STY-1A osmometer, respectively. As shown in Table 23, the osmolarity of formulations DF-40 to DF-47 were in the range of 260-320 mOsm / kg and the viscosity values were in the range of 10.27-12.17 mPa·s.
[0346] Table 22. Pharmaceutical compositions of formulations DF-40 to DF-47
[0347] Table 23. The osmolarity and viscosity values of formulations DF-40 to DF-47
[0348] The stability evaluation of the formulations was conducted under 40℃ for 2 weeks and 5 cycles of freeze-thawing. As shown in Table 24 and Table 25, there were no significant changes in physicochemical properties, purity, and bioactivity throughout the study period of 2 weeks and 5 cycles of freeze-thawing for all formulations.
[0349] Table 24. Physicochemical properties of DF-31 to DF-39 stored at 40℃ for 2 weeks or freeze-thaw for 5 cycles
[0350] Table 25. Purity and bioactivity of fusion proteins in formulations containing HSA stored at 40℃ for 2 weeks or freeze-thaw for 5 cycles
[0351] Example 7: Determination of Hydrodynamic Radius of Fusion Proteins in HSA-Containing Formulations
[0352] The hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of fusion proteins comprising monovalent, bivalent, or trivalent HSA-binding domains was analyzed in formulations containing varying concentrations of human serum albumin (HSA) . Measurements were performed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) using simulated vitreous humor as the dispersant. As evidenced by the data in Table 26, A109-G3 and A109-G4 exhibited significantly larger Rh values (7.66 nm and 7.33 nm) than A109-G1 and A109-G2 (5.21 nm and 5.31 nm) . These indicate that the hydrodynamic size increased with the addition of HSA and an increasing HSA: fusion protein molar ratio in the formulation buffer. A118-G1 displayed larger hydrodynamic size (8.95 nm) than A91-G1 (5.70 nm) , A106-G1 (5.96 nm) , and A109-G4 (7.33 nm) , suggesting that fusion proteins with≥2 HSA-binding domains achieve better Rh enhancement upon HSA supplementation.
[0353] Table 26. Hydrodynamic radius of fusion proteins (A91 / A106 / A109 / A118) in buffers containing different concentrations of HSA
[0354] This trend of increasing Rh with HSA addition and higher molar ratio was also observed for fusion proteins N01, N02, H01, and H02 (Tables 27, 28) . Specifically:
[0355] · DF-05 (N01) and DF-06 (N01) (6.10 nm, 6.13 nm) >DF-Ctrl (N01) (4.49 nm)
[0356] · DF-07 (N02) and DF-08 (N02) (7.62 nm, 7.23 nm) >DF-Ctrl (N02) (5.07 nm)
[0357] · DF-25 (H01) and DF-26 (H01) (6.67 nm, 7.18 nm) >DF-Ctrl (H01) (5.56 nm)
[0358] · DF-27 (H02) and DF-28 (H02) (8.11 nm, 8.66 nm) >DF-Ctrl (H02) (7.27 nm)
[0359] N01 and H01 contain 1 HSA-binding domain, whereas N02 and H02 contain 2 HSA-binding domains. The increase of Rh in buffers containing HSA is greater for N02 and H02 than for N01 and H01. These data indicate that fusion protein with more HSA-binding domains has better chance to achieve Rh enhancement upon HSA supplementation.
[0360] Given the observed correlations between hydrodynamic size and ocular half-life of intravitreal biologics (Paulina J et al., Mol. Pharm. 2021, *18*, 2208; Crowell SR et al., Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol. 2019, *8*, 6) , the observed Rh increase confers (i) enhanced intraocular retention; (ii) prolonged therapeutic activity; and (iii) reduced dosing frequency. These data demonstrate that fusion proteins containing HSA-binding domains, when formulated with HSA, effectively increase hydrodynamic size, thereby optimizing pharmacokinetic properties for ocular applications.
[0361] Table 27. Hydrodynamic radius of fusion proteins (N01 / N02) in buffers containing different concentrations of HSA
[0362] Table 28. Hydrodynamic radius of fusion proteins (H01 / H02) in buffers containing different concentrations of HSA
[0363] EXEMPLARY SEQUENCES
[0364] Table 29: Amino acid and nucleotide sequences of exemplary constructs
Claims
A pharmaceutical composition comprising:(a) a fusion protein construct comprising at least one human serum albumin (HSA) binding domain, and(b) a pharmaceutically acceptable human serum albumin (HSA) , at an amount that allows for the formation of high molecular weight complexes with the fusion protein constructs via non-covalent interaction.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the non-covalently bound high molecular weight complexes comprise at least one fusion protein construct and one human serum albumin.The pharmaceutical composition of claims 1 to 2, wherein the predominant form of the non-covalently bound high molecular weight complexes has a calculated HSA / fusion protein molar ratio of at least 1: 1, or at least 2: 1, or at least 3: 1, or at least 4: 1, or at least 5: 1.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the human serum albumin and fusion construct is present at a molar concentration ratio of at least about 1: 2.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the human serum albumin and fusion construct is present at a molar concentration ratio of at least about 1: 1.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the human serum albumin and fusion construct is present at a molar concentration ratio of at least about 2: 1.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the human serum albumin and fusion construct is present at a molar concentration ratio of at least about 3: 1.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion protein construct in the range of 1: 1 to 5: 1, and optionally in the range of 1.5: 1 to 4: 1 or in the range of 2: 1 to 4: 1.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of at least about 0.1 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of at least about 1 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of at least about 5 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of at least about 10 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of at least about 15 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of at least about 20 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of at least about 30 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of at least about 40 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of at least about 50 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of about 0.1 mg / mL to about 250 mg / mL, or about 1 mg / mL to about 250 mg / mL, or about 10 mg / mL to about 250 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 200 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 175 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 150 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 125 mg / ml, or about 15 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, or about 15 mg / mL to about 50 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein the human serum albumin is present at a concentration of about 16 mg / mL to about 216 mg / ml.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the fusion protein construct comprises from one to five HSA-binding domains.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 20, wherein the fusion construct comprises one, two, or three HSA-binding domains.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 21, wherein the fusion protein is present in the composition at a concentration of from about 0.1 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, and optionally a concentration of at least about 1 mg / mL, or at least about 10 mg / mL, or at least about 20 mg / mL, or at least about 40 mg / mL, or at least about 50 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the HSA binding domain comprises an antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA of at least about 10-8 M.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 24, wherein the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA of at least about 10-9 M, or at least about 10-10 M, or at least about 10-11 M, or at least about 10-12 M.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 24, wherein the fusion protein construct has a binding affinity (KD) towards HSA in the range of about 10-8 M to about 10-13 M.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the HSA binding domain (s) are independently selected from a monoclonal antibody, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) , a single chain antibody, and a Fab fragment.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 27, wherein the HSA binding domains each comprise a variable domain of a heavy chain (VHH) antibody.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 28, wherein the HSA binding domain is a VHH antibody comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 8, or SEQ ID NO: 9, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 27, wherein the HSA binding domain is a Fab structure comprising a heavy chain (VH and CH1) and a light chain.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 30, wherein the heavy chain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto; and the light chain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 27, wherein the HSA-binding domain (s) are scFv.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 32, wherein the HSA binding domain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 62, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein the composition has a total protein concentration of from about 0.1 mg / mL to about 400 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 34, wherein the composition has a total protein concentration of at least about 0.1 mg / mL, or at least about 1 mg / mL, or at least about 5 mg / mL, or at least about 10 mg / mL, or at least about 25 mg / mL, or at least about 50 mg / mL, or at least about 75 mg / mL, or at least about 100 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 34, wherein the composition has a total protein concentration of from about 0.1 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or from about 1 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or from about 10 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or from about 25 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL, or from about 50 mg / mL to about 100 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 34, wherein the composition has a total protein concentration of about 100 mg / mL or more, or about 200 mg / mL or more, or about 300 mg / mL or more.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 34, wherein the composition has a total protein concentration of from about 100 mg / mL to about 400 mg / mL, or from about 100 mg / mL to about 300 mg / mL, or from about 100 mg / mL to about 200 mg / mL, or from about 150 mg / mL to about 250 mg / mL.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 38, wherein the composition further comprises one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 39, wherein one or more pharmaceutical acceptable excipients comprise a viscosity reducing agent.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 40, wherein the viscosity reducing agent comprises an amino acid salt, which is optionally arginine hydrochloride.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 40, wherein the viscosity reducing agent comprises a chloride salt, which is optionally sodium chloride.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 39 to 42, wherein the pharmaceutical composition has a viscosity of lower than about 20 mPa·s, lower than about 15 mPa·s, lower than about 10 mPa·s, or lower than about 5 mPa·s.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 39 to 43, wherein the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a tonicity-adjusting agent.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 44, wherein the tonicity adjusting agent comprises a mono-and / or di-saccharide.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 45, wherein the tonicity adjusting agent comprises one or more selected from sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, and trehalose.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 44 to 46, wherein the pharmaceutical composition has an osmolarity of from about 240 mOsm / kg to about 360 mOsm / kg.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 39 to 47, wherein the pH of the composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 7.5, or from about 6.0 to about 7.0, or from about 6.5 to about 7.5.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 39 to 48, wherein the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a pH-adjusting agent or pharmaceutically acceptable buffering agent.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 49, wherein the pH-adjusting agent is selected from sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 49, wherein the buffering agent is selected from phosphate buffer, citrate buffer, histidine buffer, or acetate buffer.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 39 to 51, wherein the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises a surfactant, which is optionally a polysorbate surfactant or a poloxamer, and which is optionally selected from polysorbate 20 (PS20) , polysorbate 80 (PS80) , and poloxamer 188 (P188) .The pharmaceutical composition of claim 52, wherein the surfactant is present at a concentration of about 0.005%to about 0.2%.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 39 to 53, wherein the one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises an antioxidant.The pharmaceutically acceptable composition of claim 54, wherein the antioxidant is an amino acid, which is optionally methionine.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 55, wherein the composition comprises methionine in a range of about 5 mM to about 50 mM, or a range of about 7 mM to about 30 mM.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 56, wherein the pharmaceutical composition exhibits a Tm by differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) and / or Tagg by static light scattering (SLS) at a wavelength of 266 or 473 nm of at least about 50℃, or at least about 55℃, or at least about 60℃, or at least about 65℃.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 57, wherein the pharmaceutical composition exhibits a hydrodynamic radius (Rh) value for molecular complexes formed of the fusion protein and the HSA of at least about 4 nm, or at least about 5 nm, or at least about 6 nm, or at least about 7 nm, or at least about 8 nm as determined by DLS using simulated vitreous as a dispersant.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 58, wherein a predominant molecular weight of complexes formed of the fusion protein and the HSA is at least about 100 kDa, or at least about 125 kDa, or at least about 150 kDa, or at least about 175 kDa, or at least about 200 kDa, or at least about 225 kDa, or at least about 250 kDa, or at least about 275 kDa, or at least about 300 kDa, or at least about 350 kDa, or at least about 400 kDa, as determined by size exclusion chromatography.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 59, wherein the composition comprises:(a) a fusion protein construct comprising one HSA-binding domain;(b) at least about 10 mg / mL of a pharmaceutically acceptable human serum albumin (HSA) ;and wherein the molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion protein construct in the range of 1: 1 to 3: 1.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 60, wherein the composition further comprises about 10 mM to about 50 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, of a buffering agent selected from sodium citrate / citric acid buffer, phosphate buffer, histidine buffer, and acetate buffer; and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 7.5, or from about 6.0 to about 7.0, or from about 6.5 to about 7.5.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 60 or 61, wherein the composition comprises one or more viscosity reducing agents selected from arginine hydrochloride and sodium chloride and has a viscosity of lower than about 20 mPa·s, lower than about 15 mPa·s, lower than about 10 mPa·s, or lower than about 5 mPa·s.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 60 to 62, wherein the composition comprises one or more tonicity reducing reagent and has an osmolarity of from about 240 mOsm / kg to about 360 mOsm / kg.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 60 to 63, wherein the composition comprises about 0.005%to about 0.2%, and optionally about 0.02%or about 0.04%, ofpolysorbate surfactant or poloxamer, and which is optionally selected from polysorbate 20 (PS20) , polysorbate 80(PS80) , and poloxamer 188 (P188) .The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 60 to 64, wherein the composition comprises an antioxidant selected from methionine, tyrosine, tryptophan, cysteine and histidine.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 59, wherein the composition comprises:(a) a fusion protein construct comprising two or more HSA-binding domains;(b) at least about 10 mg / mL of a pharmaceutically acceptable human serum albumin (HSA) ;and wherein the molar ratio of human serum albumin to fusion protein construct in the range of 1: 1 to 5: 1.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 66, wherein the composition further comprises about 10 mM to about 50 mM, and optionally about 20 mM, of a buffering agent selected from sodium citrate / citric acid buffer, phosphate buffer, histidine buffer, and acetate buffer; and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 7.5, or from about 6.0 to about 7.0, or from about 6.5 to about 7.5.The pharmaceutical composition of claims 66 or 67, wherein the composition comprises one or more viscosity reducing agents selected from arginine hydrochloride and sodium chloride and has a viscosity of lower than about 20 mPa·s, lower than about 15 mPa·s, lower than about 10 mPa·s, or lower than about 5 mPa·s.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 66 to 68, wherein the composition comprises one or more tonicity reducing reagent and has an osmolarity of from about 240 mOsm / kg to about 360 mOsm / kg.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 66 to 69, wherein the composition comprises about 0.005%to about 0.2%, and optionally about 0.02%or about 0.04%, of polysorbate surfactant or poloxamer, and which is optionally selected from polysorbate 20 (PS20) , polysorbate 80(PS80) , and poloxamer 188 (P188) .The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 66 to 70, wherein the composition comprises an antioxidant selected from methionine, tyrosine, tryptophan, cysteine and histidine.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 66 to 71, wherein the composition comprises:(a) about 25 mg / mL to about 75 mg / mL, and optionally about 50 mg / mL, of a fusion protein construct comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24, or an amino acid sequence having at least 90%, or at least 93%, or at least 95%, or at least 97%, or at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity thereto;(b) about 40 mg / mL to about 175 mg / mL, and optionally from about 50 mg / mL to about 150 mg / mL of a pharmaceutically acceptable human serum albumin (HSA) ;(c) about 1 mM to about 40 mM, and optionally from about 10 mM to about 30 mM, of a buffer selected from sodium citrate / citric acid buffer, histidine / histidine hydrochloride buffer, and sodium phosphate buffer;(d) about 25 mM to about 100 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrocholoride;(e) optionally about 10 mM to about 75 mM, and optionally about 20 mM to about 40 mM sodium chloride;(f) optionally about 0.01%to about 0.05%, and optionally about 0.04%, polysorbate 20;and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and optionally from about 6.0 to about 7.0.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 66 to 71, wherein the composition comprises:(a) about 50 mg / mL of the fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 24,(b) about 140 mg / mL to about 150 mg / mL of a pharmaceutically acceptable human serum albumin (HSA) , wherein the molar ratio ofhuman serum albumin to fusion construct is about 3: 1,(c) about 10 mM to about 30 mM of a buffering agent selected from sodium citrate / citric acid buffer, histidine / histidine hydrochloride buffer, and sodium phosphate buffer,(d) about 25 mM to about 100 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrochloride,and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 5.5 to about 7.5.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 66 to 71, wherein the composition comprises:(a) about 50 mg / mL of a fusion protein construct of SEQ ID NO: 24;(b) about 140 mg / mL to about 150 mg / mL of a pharmaceutically acceptable human serum albumin (HSA) , wherein the molar ratio ofhuman serum albumin to fusion construct is about 3: 1;(c) about 10 mM to about 30 mM of a buffering agent selected from sodium citrate / citric acid buffer and sodium phosphate buffer;(d) about 25 mM to about 100 mM, and optionally about 50 mM, arginine hydrochloride;(e) about 25 mM to about 75 mM sodium chloride, and optionally about 40 mM to about 60 mM sodium chloride;(f) optionally from about 1 mg / mL to about 20 mg / mL sucrose, and optionally about 10 mg / mL sucrose;(g) about 1 mM to about 30 mM, and optionally from about 5 to 15 mM, methionine;(h) about 0.01%to about 0.05%polysorbate 20, andwherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition ranges from about 6.5 to about 7.0.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 59, wherein the composition comprises:(a) from about 5 mg / mL to about 25 mg / mL, and optionally from about 10 mg / mL to about 15 mg / mL of a fusion protein construct comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 24, or SEQ ID NO: 26, or an amino acid sequence having at least about 90%, or at least about 93%, or at least about 95%, or at least about 97%, or at least about 98%, or at least about 99%sequence identity thereto;(b) about 10 mg / mL to about 40 mg / mL of a pharmaceutically acceptable human serum albumin (HSA) ,(c) about 5 mM to about 20 mM, and optionally 10 mM, sodium citrate / citric acid buffer;(d) about 25 mM to about 100 mM, and optionally about 50 mM arginine hydrochloride,(e) about 1 mM to about 20 mM, and optionally 5 mM to 10 mM, methionine;(f) about 20 mg / mL to about 40 mg / mL, and optionally about 26 mg / mL, sucrose,(g) about 0.02%to about 0.06%polysorbate 20,and wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition is from about 6.0 to about 7.5, and optionally about 6.5.A method for treating or preventing a disease or disorder in a subject, which is optionally an ocular disease or disorder, and optionally a neovascular disease or disorder, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 75.The method of claim 76, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered by intraocular injection, and optionally by intravitreal injection, suprachoroidal injection, or subretinal administration.The method of claim 76, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered by parenteral administration, and optionally by intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, and intradermal injection.The method of any one of claims 76 to 78, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered no more frequently than every 2 weeks, or no more frequently than every month, or no more frequently than every other month, or no more frequently than once every three months, or no more frequently than once every four months, or no more frequently than once every six months.A method of manufacturing the composition of any one of claims 1 to 75, the method comprising,(a) providing the fusion protein construct;(b) incorporating the pharmaceutically acceptable HSA with the fusion protein construct to form HSA / fusion protein complex, and(c) ultrafiltering the composition comprising HSA / fusion protein complex together with one or more pharmaceutical acceptable excipients by tangential flow filtration(TFF) .
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