Phase-change liquid cooling architecture for data center and server room

Abstract

A phase-change liquid cooling architecture for a data center, and a server room. The architecture comprises a server room, a cabinet, and a condensation unit fixed in the server room. The server room comprises a sealed device chamber, in which the cabinet and the condensation unit are located, the condensation unit being located above the cabinet. A node chassis on a side of the cabinet comprises an exhaust opening and a liquid inlet, and an inner cavity of the chassis is capable of accommodating a phase-change working fluid. A vaporized working fluid in the node chassis can be discharged into the device chamber through the exhaust opening, and a liquid return pipe in communication with the liquid inlet of the chassis is provided with a liquid return interface. The condensation unit comprises a condensation tube and a liquid collection tray, the liquid collection tray being located below the condensation tube. A liquid outlet interface of the liquid collection tray is connected to the liquid return interface of the liquid return pipe to form a liquid return channel. In this configuration, the condensation unit and the cabinet are arranged in the sealed device chamber of the server room to form a server room-level sealed phase-change liquid cooling architecture. Compared with conventional cabinet-level sealing or node-level sealing, the overall cost of implementing sealing can be effectively reduced.

Description

Data center phase change liquid cooling architecture and machine room

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202411364510.7, filed on September 27, 2024, and entitled "Data center phase change liquid cooling architecture and machine room", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of data centers, and in particular to a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture and machine room. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the development of data centers towards high power, high integration, and super large scale, high-performance chips and integrated circuit elements are increasingly widely used, and the heat flux density is increasing. The traditional air cooling system has been unable to meet the heat dissipation needs of high-power components, and liquid cooling technology has been widely used in high-power density heat dissipation scenarios based on lower energy consumption and good heat dissipation capacity.

[0004] In order to ensure the stability and reliability of data center servers, the research and design of efficient cooling systems have become a key link in the design of data center systems. According to whether the liquid cooling medium directly contacts the power device, liquid cooling can be divided into indirect contact liquid cooling and direct immersion liquid cooling; according to the state of the liquid cooling medium when taking away heat, it can be divided into single-phase liquid cooling and phase change liquid cooling.

[0005] Taking a data center server as an example, in a typical phase change immersion liquid cooling scheme, the heat generated by the high-power device in the server node is transferred to the liquid working medium, and the liquid working medium is liquefied at the condenser or condenser of the coolant distribution unit (CDU) after vaporization; the CDU is usually integrated with the server configuration, based on the heat management and distribution of the CDU, the liquid cooling medium after releasing heat returns to the server node side and enters the next liquid cooling cycle. However, the volatility of the phase change medium is relatively large, and reliable node-level sealing or cabinet-level sealing needs to be provided at the server side, and the sealing implementation cost is relatively high. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture and machine room, which can reasonably control the overall sealing cost through optimization of the phase change liquid cooling architecture.

[0007] The first aspect of the embodiment of the application provides a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture, which comprises a machine room, a cabinet, and a condensing unit, a water supply pipe and a return water pipe fixed to the machine room; the machine room comprises a sealed equipment cavity, the cabinet and the condensing unit are located in the equipment cavity, and the condensing unit is located above the cabinet; the cabinet comprises a cabinet body, a node and a liquid return pipe, the node and the liquid return pipe are arranged on the cabinet body, the node comprises a case and a power device to be cooled in the case, the case comprises an exhaust opening and a liquid inlet, and an inner cavity of the case can contain a phase change working medium, so that the power device to be cooled of the node is immersed in the liquid working medium, and the gaseous working medium in the node case can be discharged into the equipment cavity through the exhaust opening; the liquid return pipe is in communication with the liquid inlet of the case, and the liquid return pipe comprises a liquid return interface. The condensing unit comprises a condensing pipe and a liquid collecting disc, the water inlet of the condensing pipe is in communication with the water supply pipe, the water outlet of the condensing pipe is in communication with the return water pipe, the cooling water can flow into the condensing pipe through the water supply pipe, after heat exchange and temperature rise, flow into the heat exchanger through the return water pipe, and after heat exchange and temperature drop, the cooling water can flow to the condensing unit through the water supply pipe. The liquid collecting disc is located below the condensing pipe, and the projections of the two on the floor surface of the machine room at least partially overlap, the liquid collecting disc is provided with a liquid outlet interface, and the liquid outlet interface of the liquid collecting disc is in butt joint with the liquid return interface of the liquid return pipe to form a liquid return channel.

[0008] In this way, after the gaseous working medium in the node is discharged into the equipment cavity of the machine room, the gaseous working medium rises and contacts the surface of the condensing pipe to exchange heat, the liquid working medium that is liquefied by the cold drops into the liquid containing part of the liquid collecting disc, the liquid outlet interface of the liquid collecting disc is used to butt joint with the liquid return interface of the liquid return pipe to form a liquid return channel, thereby, a phase change working medium working cycle is constructed. The condensing unit and the cabinet of the embodiment of the application are arranged in the sealed equipment cavity of the machine room, forming a machine room level sealed phase change liquid cooling architecture, which can effectively reduce the overall sealing implementation cost compared with the traditional cabinet level sealing or node level sealing.

[0009] In addition, the condensing unit, the water supply pipe and the return water pipe are arranged on the machine room side, which can realize independent evolution of the CDU and the cabinet. On the one hand, the size and weight of the cabinet can be reasonably controlled, facilitating the transfer transportation operation of the cabinet and the deployment operation in the equipment cavity of the machine room, effectively reducing the packaging cost, storage cost and transportation cost of the cabinet. At the same time, based on the structural characteristics that the condensing unit is arranged on the machine room side, the condensing unit can be fully arranged in the machine room space to obtain the heat exchange capacity meeting the heat dissipation demand of the cabinet, which can effectively avoid the problem that the overall heat exchange capacity of the condensing unit limits the performance evolution of the cabinet.

[0010] In addition, for the phase change working medium working cycle between the condensing unit and the cabinet, based on the relative position relationship that the condensing unit is located above the cabinet, the liquid working medium in the condensing unit can flow downward to the cabinet side through the liquid return channel, realizing gravity liquid return, which can further reduce the liquid return driving power consumption. Overall, in order to ensure that each cabinet equipment in the data center machine room keeps continuous high load operation, effectively improves the efficiency, and provides good technical support.

[0011] In practical applications, the condensing unit can be located directly above the cabinet or on the side of the cabinet, in other words, the projection of the condensing unit and the cabinet on the floor of the computer room can completely overlap, partially overlap or completely stagger.

[0012] Exemplarily, the projection area of the condensing unit on the floor of the computer room can be greater than the projection area of the cabinet on the floor of the computer room. For example, but not limited to, the condensing unit is arranged above the space between the cabinets. In this way, the overall heat exchange capacity can be improved according to the heat dissipation requirements of the equipment in the computer room, and the top space of the equipment cavity in the computer room is fully utilized.

[0013] Other exemplarily, the cabinets in the computer room include, but are not limited to, servers, storage devices, switches, routers, firewalls and other facilities or equipment.

[0014] Based on the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a first implementation of the first aspect: the projection of the condensing pipe on the floor of the computer room coincides with the projection of the liquid collecting pan on the floor of the computer room; or the projection of the condensing pipe on the floor of the computer room is located within the projection of the liquid collecting pan on the floor of the computer room. In this way, it can be ensured that the liquid state working medium condensed on the surface of the condensing pipe can reliably drop into the liquid collecting pan, and the working medium liquid amount in the liquid cooling working cycle can be ensured, and the processing cost of recycling and reusing the liquid state working medium can be reduced.

[0015] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a second implementation of the first aspect: the condensing pipe of the condensing unit is inclinedly arranged, and the lower end of the condensing pipe is located within the projection of the liquid collecting pan on the floor of the computer room. In this way, the top space of the computer room is fully utilized to realize the lengthened arrangement of the condensing pipe, the condensing area for contacting with the vapor state working medium is increased, and the condensing heat exchange efficiency is improved; at the same time, the working medium that is liquefied by cooling on the surface of the condensing pipe can be quickly guided into the liquid collecting pan located below the condensing pipe under the guiding action of the inclinedly arranged condensing pipe, and the liquid droplets splashing caused by high falling can be avoided, and the processing cost of recycling and reusing the liquid state working medium is further reduced.

[0016] In practical applications, the setting position of the water inlet of the condensing pipe can be higher than the setting position of the water outlet, so that the cooling water can flow quickly in the condensing pipe and the condensing heat exchange efficiency is improved.

[0017] In the third implementation of the first aspect, the condensing unit further comprises a water supply connector and a water return connector, the water inlet of the condensing pipe is in communication with the water supply connector, and the water supply connector is in communication with the water supply pipe; the water outlet of the condensing pipe is in communication with the water return connector, and the water return connector is in communication with the water return pipe; wherein a plurality of condensing pipes are arranged in parallel between the water supply connector and the water return connector, and the plurality of condensing pipes form a condensing pipe group. In this way, the cooling water flowing into each condensing pipe of the condensing pipe group has a consistent low temperature, which can provide a higher heat exchange capacity and effectively improve the heat dissipation capacity.

[0018] Exemplarily, the number of condensing pipe groups can be multiple, and accordingly, the number of water supply connectors and water return connectors is also multiple and corresponds to each condensing pipe group. In this way, a plurality of condensing pipe groups are arranged in parallel in the flow path of the water supply pipe and the water return pipe, which can realize reasonable distribution of cooling capacity. In addition, based on the feature that the gaseous working medium generated by each cabinet is directly discharged into the equipment cavity of the machine room, the multiple condensing pipe groups jointly participate in the condensation and liquefaction of the gaseous working medium, which can realize pooling of heat exchange resources and further improve the utilization rate of the condensation side heat dissipation capacity of the architecture. At the same time, based on the pooling of heat exchange resources, the pressure influence caused by different node loads can be completely avoided, which provides technical support for balancing the overall heat dissipation capacity and operation reliability of the architecture.

[0019] Exemplarily, the water supply connector and the water return connector of the condensing unit can be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the pipe arrangement plane of the condensing pipe to reasonably control the flow resistance and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0020] In the fourth implementation of the first aspect, the condensing unit further comprises a liquid outlet pipe, the liquid outlet pipe is fixed on the liquid collecting disc and in communication with the liquid containing portion of the liquid collecting disc; the liquid return pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are arranged in the vertical direction, the outer pipe end of the downwardly extending liquid outlet pipe forms a liquid outlet interface, and the outer pipe end of the upwardly extending liquid return pipe forms a liquid return interface; that is, the outer pipe end of the downwardly extending liquid outlet pipe forms a liquid outlet interface in communication with the liquid return pipe. In this way, the gravity liquid return flow resistance can be reasonably controlled, the structure is simple and reliable, and the butt joint assembly operation is facilitated.

[0021] In actual application, the water supply pipe and the water return pipe can be located in the equipment cavity, and the water supply pipe and the water return pipe are both annular pipes. The projection of the water supply pipe on the floor surface of the machine room is located on the inner side of the projection of the water return pipe on the floor surface of the machine room, or the projection of the water supply pipe on the floor surface of the machine room is located on the outer side of the projection of the water return pipe on the floor surface of the machine room.

[0022] In other practical applications, the water supply pipe and the water return pipe can also be fixed outside the machine room, and the two can be connected with the condensing unit fixed inside the machine room through the top wall of the machine room. In this way, when the water supply pipe and the water return pipe need to be maintained, the operator does not need to enter the inside of the machine room, and the influence of the operation and maintenance on the environment inside the machine room can be reduced.

[0023] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, or the third implementation of the first aspect, or the fourth implementation of the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a fifth implementation of the first aspect: the number of the cabinets is multiple, the multiple cabinets are arranged in multiple rows, and the two adjacent rows of cabinets are arranged at intervals. In practical applications, the condensing pipes and the liquid collecting pans of the condensing units are arranged in rows and are arranged one by one corresponding to the cabinets arranged in rows. In this way, it is convenient to troubleshoot and analyze, and maintenance can be carried out independently on the basis of not affecting the normal operation of the non-fault part.

[0024] Based on the fifth implementation of the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a sixth implementation of the first aspect: the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture further comprises a baffle, the cabinet comprises multiple nodes, the exhaust opening of the case of each node is located on the same side of the cabinet body, the baffle, the liquid collecting pan and the cabinet body form a collection area, and the exhaust opening and the condensing pipe are located in the collection area. In this way, it can be ensured that the vapor state working medium is focused on the condensing pipe in the collection area flowing into the area, and fully contacts the condensing pipe to complete the condensation and liquefaction, and the heat exchange efficiency is effectively improved.

[0025] Based on the sixth implementation of the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a seventh implementation of the first aspect: the baffle forming the collection area comprises a first baffle and a second baffle, the first baffle is fixedly connected between the first side edge of the liquid collecting pan and the cabinet body, and the second baffle is fixedly connected between the second side edge of the liquid collecting pan and the top wall of the equipment cavity; the first side edge is the side edge of the liquid collecting pan close to the collection area, and the second side edge is the side edge of the liquid collecting pan away from the collection area.

[0026] Exemplarily, for the two rows of cabinets arranged adjacent to each other, the baffle can comprise two first baffles and two second baffles. In practical applications, the two first baffles and the two second baffles can be fixedly connected with the side walls of the equipment cavity, and form corresponding collection areas for the two rows of cabinets and the corresponding condensing pipes.

[0027] Based on the seventh implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide an eighth implementation manner of the first aspect: the baffle that encloses the collection area further comprises a third baffle, and the third baffle is fixedly connected with the same side plate end of the first baffle and the second baffle. Exemplarily, the third baffle can be two, and is fixed at the two side plate ends of the first baffle and the second baffle respectively, so as to form corresponding collection areas for the two rows of cabinets and the corresponding condensing pipes. The third baffle has the characteristics of simple and reliable structure.

[0028] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation manner of the first aspect, or the second implementation manner of the first aspect, or the third implementation manner of the first aspect, or the fourth implementation manner of the first aspect, or the fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, or the sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, or the seventh implementation manner of the first aspect, or the eighth implementation manner of the first aspect, or the ninth implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a tenth implementation manner of the first aspect: a flow valve is arranged between the liquid return pipe and the liquid inlet of the node. In this way, the opening degree of the flow valve can be adjusted according to the actual heat dissipation needs of each node, so as to realize the on-demand distribution of cold energy.

[0029] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation manner of the first aspect, or the second implementation manner of the first aspect, or the third implementation manner of the first aspect, or the fourth implementation manner of the first aspect, or the fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, or the sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, or the seventh implementation manner of the first aspect, or the eighth implementation manner of the first aspect, or the ninth implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a tenth implementation manner of the first aspect: a working medium pump is arranged on the liquid return channel between the liquid collecting disc and the liquid return pipe. In this way, the liquid return flow can be increased according to the actual operation condition, for example, when the heat dissipation needs of each cabinet are not completely consistent, or when there is a high-power running period in the operation of part of the cabinets, the working medium pump can be used to realize the on-demand distribution of cold energy. The tenth implementation manner has good operability.

[0030] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, or the third implementation of the first aspect, or the fourth implementation of the first aspect, or the fifth implementation of the first aspect, or the sixth implementation of the first aspect, or the seventh implementation of the first aspect, or the eighth implementation of the first aspect, or the ninth implementation of the first aspect, or the tenth implementation of the first aspect, the eleventh implementation of the first aspect is further provided in the embodiments of the present application: the machine room further comprises a buffer cavity which is arranged separately from the equipment cavity, and an inner door is arranged on the partition wall between the equipment cavity and the buffer cavity, and an outer door is arranged on the outer wall of the buffer cavity. During the operation of the data center, when the operator enters the machine room for maintenance, the operator can first open the outer door to enter the buffer cavity, and then close the outer door and open the inner door to enter the equipment cavity. After the operator completes the maintenance, the operator first opens the inner door to enter the buffer cavity, and then closes the inner door and opens the outer door to exit the machine room. In this way, based on the configuration of the buffer cavity, the escape loss of the vapor state working medium in the equipment cavity can be effectively reduced.

[0031] In actual applications, the equipment cavity can further comprise a normally closed exhaust port. Under normal circumstances, the exhaust port is in a closed state to maintain the reliable sealing of the equipment cavity. When the air volume in the equipment cavity reaches a certain degree, the exhaust port can be opened to exhaust the air in the cavity, so as to ensure that the working medium concentration in the equipment cavity meets the needs of heat dissipation performance.

[0032] In other actual applications, a safety valve can be arranged at the exhaust port. In this way, when the equipment in the equipment cavity operates abnormally and a high pressure condition occurs, when the abnormal pressure reaches the pressure setting value of the safety valve, the safety valve arranged at the exhaust port will be automatically opened, and the safety valve ensures safety through effective exhaust of the gas.

[0033] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a machine room for setting a cabinet, the machine room comprising a sealed equipment cavity and a fixed condensing unit, a water supply pipe and a return water pipe; the condensing unit comprising a condensing pipe and a liquid collecting disc, the water inlet of the condensing pipe being in communication with the water supply pipe, and the water outlet of the condensing pipe being in communication with the return water pipe; the liquid collecting disc being located below the condensing pipe, and the projections of the two on the floor surface of the machine room at least partially overlapping, and the liquid collecting disc being provided with a liquid outlet interface; the condensing unit being located above the cabinet arranged in the equipment cavity, and the liquid outlet interface of the liquid collecting disc being used to butt joint with the liquid return interface of the cabinet side to form a liquid return channel. In a use state, the vapor state working medium in the node is discharged into the equipment cavity of the machine room, the vapor state working medium rises and contacts the surface of the condensing pipe to exchange heat, the liquid state working medium which is liquefied by the cold drops into the liquid containing part of the liquid collecting disc, and the liquid outlet interface of the liquid collecting disc is used to butt joint with the liquid return interface of the liquid return pipe to form a liquid return channel, thereby constructing a phase change working medium working cycle. Compared with the traditional cabinet level sealing or node level sealing, the phase change liquid cooling architecture of the machine room level sealing provided in the embodiments of the present application can effectively reduce the overall sealing implementation cost.

[0034] In addition, based on the embodiment of the present application, the independent evolution of the CDU and the cabinet can be realized, the condensing unit can be fully utilized according to the space layout of the machine room, the heat exchange capacity meeting the heat dissipation requirement of the cabinet can be obtained, and the problem that the overall heat exchange capacity of the condensing unit limits the performance evolution of the cabinet can be effectively avoided.

[0035] In addition, based on the relative position relationship that the condensing unit is located above the cabinet, the liquid working medium in the condensing unit can flow into the cabinet side through the liquid return channel, gravity liquid return is realized, and the liquid return driving power consumption can be further reduced. Overall, in order to ensure that the equipment of each cabinet in the data center machine room maintains continuous high-load operation and effectively improves the efficiency, good technical support is provided.

[0036] In actual application, in addition to the phase change immersion liquid cooling cabinet, cabinets or devices independently configured with heat dissipation structures can also be arranged in the machine room of the data center. For example, cabinets or devices with independent liquid cooling heat dissipation structures.

[0037] Based on the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides a first implementation manner of the second aspect: the projection of the condensing pipe on the floor surface of the machine room coincides with the projection of the liquid collecting disc on the floor surface of the machine room; or the projection of the condensing pipe on the floor surface of the machine room is located in the projection of the liquid collecting disc on the floor surface of the machine room. In this way, it can be ensured that the liquid working medium condensed on the surface of the condensing pipe can reliably drop into the liquid collecting disc, the working medium liquid amount in the liquid cooling working cycle can be ensured, and the processing cost of recycling and reusing the liquid working medium can be reduced.

[0038] Based on the second aspect, or the first implementation manner of the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides a second implementation manner of the second aspect: the condensing pipe of the condensing unit is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the condensing pipe is located in the projection of the liquid collecting disc on the floor surface of the machine room. In this way, the top space of the machine room is fully utilized to realize the lengthened arrangement of the condensing pipe, the condensing area for contacting with the gaseous working medium is increased, the condensing heat exchange efficiency is improved, and liquid drop splashing caused by high position falling can be avoided, and the processing cost of recycling and reusing the liquid working medium is further reduced.

[0039] Based on the second aspect, or the first implementation manner of the second aspect, or the second implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides a third implementation manner of the second aspect: the condensing unit further includes a water supply connector and a water return connector, the water inlet of the condensing pipe is in communication with the water supply connector, and the water supply connector is in communication with the water supply pipe; the water outlet of the condensing pipe is in communication with the water return connector, and the water return connector is in communication with the water return pipe; wherein a plurality of condensing pipes are connected in parallel between the water supply connector and the water return connector, and the plurality of condensing pipes form a condensing pipe group. In this way, the cooling water flowing into each condensing pipe of the condensing pipe group has a consistent low temperature, which can provide higher heat exchange capacity and effectively improve the heat dissipation capacity.

[0040] Exemplarily, the number of the condenser pipe groups can be multiple groups, and correspondingly, the number of the water supply pipes and the water return pipes are also multiple, and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each condenser pipe group. Based on the feature that the gaseous working medium generated by each cabinet is directly discharged into the equipment cavity of the machine room, the multiple condenser pipe groups jointly participate in the condensation and liquefaction of the gaseous working medium, which can realize pooling of heat exchange resources and further improve the utilization rate of the condensation side heat dissipation capacity of the architecture. At the same time, based on the pooling of heat exchange resources, the pressure influence that can be caused by different node loads can be completely avoided.

[0041] In actual application, the condensation unit further comprises a liquid outlet pipe fixed on the liquid collecting disc and in communication with the liquid containing portion of the liquid collecting disc; the liquid return pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are arranged in extension along the vertical direction, and the outer pipe end of the liquid outlet pipe extending downward forms a liquid outlet interface, and the outer pipe end of the liquid return pipe extending upward forms a liquid return interface. In this way, the gravity liquid return flow resistance can be reasonably controlled, and the structure is simple and reliable, and the butt joint assembly operation is facilitated.

[0042] Based on the second aspect, or the second implementation of the second aspect, or the third implementation of the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a fourth implementation of the second aspect: an operation and maintenance robot is arranged in the machine room. In actual application, the operation and maintenance robot can be communicatively interconnected with the data center master control system to perform corresponding operation and maintenance operations according to the maintenance requirements of the phase change liquid cooling architecture. For example, but not limited to, automatic predictive troubleshooting and analysis, full-automatic emergency disposal, etc. can be realized. In this way, the operation intensity of the operation personnel can be reduced, and the operation efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0043] In other actual applications, the external operator can also remotely monitor, and the operation and maintenance robot can perform corresponding operation and maintenance operations according to the instructions of the operator, and the man-machine cooperation can effectively improve the operation efficiency. With the growth of the data center business, the scale is also getting larger and larger, and the above technical advantages are particularly significant for the data center with high-density layout. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 2 is an A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1;

[0046] Fig. 3 is a B-B cross-sectional view of Fig. 1;

[0047] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a machine room side principle of a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0048] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a machine room side structure of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture shown in Fig. 1;

[0049] Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship of the condensing unit in the machine room shown in Fig. 2;

[0050] Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cabinet according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the cabinet shown in Fig. 7 from another angle;

[0052] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship of a condensing unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig. 10 is a partial view of C-C in Fig. 9;

[0054] Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the docking relationship of a cabinet and a condensing unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Fig. 12 is a top view of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Fig. 13 is a top view of still another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The embodiments of the present application provide a heat management and distribution implementation scheme for machine room-level cooling to reasonably control the overall sealing cost.

[0058] A data center is used to implement centralized processing, storage, transmission, exchange and management of data information. Generally, the machine room of a data center includes, but is not limited to, servers, storage devices, switches, routers, firewalls and other facilities or devices to provide diverse computing capabilities. In order to meet the growing intelligent needs of various industries, the computing power of the data center is also increasing, and the heat flux density is also significantly increasing. During operation, the equipment in the data center will generate a large amount of heat, and an effective cooling system is crucial to maintaining normal operation of the equipment and prolonging the service life of the hardware.

[0059] In order to ensure the stability and reliability of the data center, the research and development of liquid cooling technology has become a key link in the design of data center system, especially the immersion liquid cooling technology, which is concerned by the industry for its excellent heat dissipation capacity. Taking the data center server as an example, in the typical phase change immersion liquid cooling scheme related to it, the CDU is configured in an integrated manner with the server cabinet, the heat generated by the electronic components on the server node side is transferred to the liquid phase change working medium (hereinafter referred to as liquid working medium), and the vaporization occurs after reaching the boiling point of the working medium. The gaseous phase change working medium (hereinafter referred to as gaseous working medium) is liquefied at the condensing coil or condenser of the CDU, based on the heat management and distribution of the CDU, the liquid cooling working medium after releasing heat returns to the server node side and enters the next liquid cooling cycle. The integrated configuration of the CDU and the server cabinet requires the server side to provide node-level sealing or cabinet-level sealing, in order to reduce the loss of gaseous working medium and obtain reliable sealing, which is relatively high in cost.

[0060] In addition, the integrated configuration has a large overall weight, which is not conducive to transportation and deployment operation in the computer room. In addition, in order to meet the requirements of the whole machine transportation, the space available for the CDU is limited, which directly affects the overall heat dissipation capacity and cannot adapt to the performance evolution needs of the data center server.

[0061] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture, which comprises a computer room, a phase change immersion liquid cooling cabinet located in the computer room, and a condensing unit, a water supply pipe and a return water pipe fixed to the computer room. The computer room has a sealed equipment cavity, and the condensing unit and the cabinet are arranged in the equipment cavity and above the cabinet. Here, "the condensing unit is above the cabinet" includes the case where the condensing unit is directly above the cabinet, and also includes the case where the condensing unit is above the side of the cabinet, in other words, the projection of the condensing unit and the cabinet on the floor surface of the computer room can completely overlap, partially overlap or completely stagger.

[0062] The phase change immersion liquid cooling cabinet comprises a cabinet body, a node and a liquid return pipe. The node is arranged on the cabinet body, and the node can accommodate the phase change working medium in the cavity of the node case, so that the power devices to be cooled of the node are immersed in the liquid working medium. The node case comprises an exhaust opening and a liquid inlet, and the gaseous working medium in the node case can be discharged into the equipment cavity of the computer room through the exhaust opening. The liquid return pipe is in communication with the liquid inlet of the node, and the liquid return pipe comprises a liquid return interface, so that the liquid working medium can flow into the liquid return pipe through the liquid return interface and then be transported to the node case.

[0063] The phrase "the power device of the node is immersed in the liquid working medium" herein includes the case that the power device to be cooled is completely located below the liquid level of the working medium in the sealed area, i.e., complete immersion; and also includes the case that part of the structure of the power device to be cooled is located below the liquid level of the working medium, i.e., partial immersion. For partial immersion, for example, the cold capacity can be distributed according to the cooling requirements of different cabinets or nodes, and the liquid amount of the liquid working medium in the corresponding cabinet or node is controlled so that the power device to be cooled in the cabinet or node is partially immersed in the liquid working medium; for another example, according to the overall control strategy of system cold capacity distribution, the liquid working medium in the corresponding cabinet or node is returned with a liquid amount less than the vaporization amount of the working medium in a specific working period, so that the power device to be cooled in the cabinet or node is partially immersed in the liquid working medium, to reasonably regulate the system cold capacity.

[0064] The condensing unit includes a condensing pipe and a liquid collecting disc. The water inlet of the condensing pipe is in communication with the water supply pipe, and the water outlet of the condensing pipe is in communication with the water return pipe. The cooling water can flow into the condensing pipe through the water supply pipe, complete heat exchange and temperature rise, flow into the heat exchanger through the water return pipe, complete heat exchange and temperature drop, and then flow to the condensing unit through the water supply pipe. Thus, the cooling water working cycle of the secondary side is formed.

[0065] The liquid collecting disc is located below the condensing pipe, and the projections of the two on the floor surface of the machine room at least partially overlap, to collect the liquid working medium. The liquid collecting disc is provided with a liquid outlet interface. In this way, after the gaseous working medium in the node is discharged into the equipment cavity of the machine room, the gaseous working medium rises and contacts the surface of the condensing pipe to exchange heat, and the liquid working medium that is liquefied by the cold drops into the liquid containing part of the liquid collecting disc. The liquid outlet interface of the liquid collecting disc is used to butt joint with the liquid return interface of the liquid return pipe to form a liquid return channel. Thus, the phase change working medium working cycle is formed.

[0066] The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided by the embodiments of the present application adopts the architecture design of decoupling the condensing unit and the cabinet. After the cabinet enters, the liquid return channel between the condensing unit and the cabinet can be quickly formed by butt joint and communication of the liquid outlet interface provided by the condensing unit and the liquid return interface on the corresponding cabinet. The condensing unit and the cabinet are arranged in the sealed equipment cavity of the machine room, to form the machine room level sealed phase change liquid cooling architecture. In this way, the overall sealing implementation cost can be effectively reduced.

[0067] In addition, the condensing unit, the water supply pipe and the water return pipe are arranged on the machine room side, to realize independent evolution of the CDU and the cabinet. On the one hand, the size and weight of the cabinet can be reasonably controlled, to facilitate the transfer transportation operation of the cabinet and the deployment operation in the equipment cavity of the machine room, and effectively reduce the packaging cost, storage cost and transportation cost of the cabinet. At the same time, based on the structural characteristics that the condensing unit is arranged on the machine room side, the condensing unit can be fully arranged according to the space layout of the machine room, to obtain the heat exchange capacity meeting the cabinet cooling requirement, and the problem that the overall heat exchange capacity of the condensing unit limits the performance evolution of the cabinet can be effectively avoided.

[0068] In addition, for the phase change working cycle between the condensing unit and the cabinet, based on the relative position relationship that the condensing unit is located above the cabinet, the liquid working medium in the condensing unit flows downward into the cabinet side through the liquid return channel, gravity liquid return is realized, the liquid return driving power consumption can be further reduced, and the PUE of the data center can be reduced. Overall, in order to ensure that the equipment in each cabinet in the data center room maintains continuous high load operation, effectively improves the efficiency, and provides good technical support.

[0069] In order to better understand the technical solutions and technical effects of the present application, without losing generality, specific embodiments will be described in detail below. Please refer to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, wherein FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided by the embodiments of the present application, FIG. 2 is an A-A cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a B-B cross-sectional view of FIG. 1. In order to simplify the view and clearly show the phase change liquid cooling architecture inside the room, the external structure of the cold tower and the like in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 is not shown.

[0070] As shown in FIG. 1, the cold tower 51 is provided outside the room 10 of the data center 100, which is used to provide cooling water for the phase change liquid cooling architecture inside the room. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the room 10 includes a device cavity 101 and a buffer cavity 102 which are separately arranged, and the device cavity 101 is sealingly arranged. The phase change immersion liquid cooling cabinet 20 is arranged in the sealingly arranged device cavity 101, and the buffer cavity 102 is a transition area for the operation and maintenance personnel to enter and exit the device cavity 101 from the external environment. For the sealingly arranged device cavity 101, the overall sealing implementation cost is relatively low. The outer door 103 is arranged between the buffer cavity 102 and the external environment, that is, the outer wall of the buffer cavity 102 is provided with the outer door 103, and the inner door 104 is arranged on the partition wall between the device cavity 101 and the buffer cavity 102.

[0071] It should be understood that for the sealingly arranged device cavity 101, in addition to the basic building structure, the opening and closing door and the like for the operation personnel to enter and exit also need to maintain good sealing reliability in the closed state.

[0072] Exemplarily, two rows of cabinets 20 arranged in rows are taken as an example for illustration. In specific implementation, the number and arrangement form of the cabinets 20 can be determined by fully utilizing the space of the device cavity of the room 10 to form a multi-row and multi-column cabinet array to provide diversified computing comprehensive capabilities, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited. At the same time, the cabinet 20 which can realize heat dissipation based on the phase change immersion liquid cooling technology can include nodes of different device types such as servers, storage devices, switches, routers or firewalls, and the specific selection can be made according to the overall function design of the data center, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited.

[0073] The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided by the embodiments of the present application is composed of a room side and a cabinet side.

[0074] The condensing unit 30 of the CDU and the water supply pipe 41 and the return pipe 42 of the secondary side pipe network are fixed to the machine room 10 and connected with the cooling tower 51 of the machine room water system through the secondary side pipe network to distribute the cooling capacity of the cooling water to each cabinet 20 to be cooled. Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, wherein FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the machine room side of the phase change liquid cooling architecture of the data center according to the embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the machine room side of the phase change liquid cooling architecture of the data center shown in FIG. 1.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 4, the machine room water system 50 includes the cooling tower 51, the primary pump 52, the primary side pipe network 53, the heat exchanger 54 and the secondary pump 55. The cooling tower 51 is connected with the heat exchanger 54 through the water supply pipe and the return pipe of the primary side pipe network 53, and the cooling tower 51 and the water supply pipe of the primary side pipe network 53 are provided with the primary pump 52, thereby forming a primary side cooling water circulation (the solid arrow in FIG. 4). The heat exchanger 54 is connected with the water supply pipe 41 and the return pipe 42 of the secondary side pipe network, and the heat exchanger 54 and the water supply pipe 41 are provided with the secondary pump 55, thereby forming a secondary side cooling water circulation (the solid arrow in FIG. 4). During operation, the cooling water flowing out of the condensing pipe 33 of the condensing unit is heated and exchanges heat in the heat exchanger 54 to become low-temperature cooling water, and the low-temperature cooling water is transported to the condensing pipe 33 of the condensing unit through the water supply pipe 41 under the action of the secondary pump 55.

[0076] It should be noted that the machine room water system 50 can also adopt other configuration forms, and is not limited to the system structure shown in the figure. For example, but not limited to, the cooling source of the machine room water system can also be a water source in the natural environment, and is not limited to the cooling tower, as long as it can provide the distribution of the cooling capacity required by the equipment in the machine room to be cooled, and can take out the heat from the machine room. The embodiment of the present application is not limited.

[0077] As shown in FIG. 5, the cooling tower 51 as the cooling source is arranged outside the machine room 10, and the condensing unit 30, the water supply pipe 41 and the return pipe 42 are fixed inside the equipment cavity 101 of the machine room 10. In specific implementation, other components of the machine room water system can also be arranged outside the machine room (not shown in the figure). Of course, in other possible implementation schemes, the components of the machine room water system can also be arranged inside the machine room 10.

[0078] Please refer to FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 6, wherein FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship of the condensing unit in the machine room shown in FIG. 2.

[0079] The condensing unit 30 located at the machine room side is located above the cabinet 20, compared with the traditional implementation scheme of the cabinet integrated with the CDU, the wiring distance between each associated cabinet in the data center machine room can be reasonably controlled, for the high-speed transmission signal link, the link loss can be effectively reduced, and the signal integrity can be ensured.

[0080] In the embodiment, the condensing unit 30 comprises a condensing pipe 33, a liquid collecting tray 32 located below the condensing pipe 33, and a liquid outlet interface 311. In a specific implementation, the projection of the condensing pipe 33 on the floor surface of the machine room coincides with the projection of the liquid collecting tray 32 on the floor surface of the machine room, so that the liquid working medium condensed on the surface of the condensing pipe 33 can reliably drip into the liquid collecting tray 32. In another specific implementation, the projection of the condensing pipe 33 on the floor surface of the machine room is located within the projection of the liquid collecting tray 32 on the floor surface of the machine room, that is, the liquid collecting tray 32 has a relatively large size, which can further ensure that the liquid working medium can be effectively collected.

[0081] The gaseous working medium in the machine room 10 is liquefied after contacting the surface of the condensing pipe 33, and the liquid working medium can drip into the liquid containing part 321 of the liquid collecting tray 32. The liquid collecting tray 32 is provided with a liquid outlet interface 311 which communicates with the liquid containing part 321. Correspondingly, the machine cabinet 20 is provided with a liquid return interface 221. The machine cabinet 20 is built in the equipment cavity 101 of the machine room 10, and the gaseous working medium generated by each node 23 of the machine cabinet 20 is discharged into the equipment cavity 101. The liquid return interface 221 of the machine cabinet 20 is connected with the liquid outlet interface 311 of the condensing unit 30, so that the liquid working medium collected in the liquid collecting tray 32 can be returned to the machine cabinet 20, thereby constructing a phase change working medium working cycle.

[0082] During the operation of the data center, when the operator enters the machine room for maintenance, the operator can first open the outer door 103 to enter the buffer cavity 102, and then close the outer door 103 and open the inner door 104 to enter the equipment cavity 101. Conversely, after the operator completes the maintenance, the operator can first open the inner door 104 to enter the buffer cavity 102, and then close the inner door 104 and open the outer door 103 to exit the machine room. In this way, based on the configuration of the buffer cavity 102, the escape loss of the gaseous working medium in the equipment cavity can be effectively reduced.

[0083] As shown in FIG. 3, the working medium collecting part 106 can also be arranged at the bottom of the sealed equipment cavity 101. In a specific implementation, the working medium collecting part 106 can be lower than the floor surface of the equipment cavity 101, or a drainage structure communicating with the working medium collecting part 106 can be arranged on the floor surface. In this way, the liquid working medium not collected in the liquid collecting tray 32 can be collected and reused. The liquid working medium collected through the working medium collecting part 106 can be purified and then pumped to the liquid collecting tray for reuse. In a specific implementation, the operation and maintenance process of the data center can be implemented, and details are not described herein.

[0084] Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, wherein FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a machine cabinet according to an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 8 is another angle schematic diagram of the machine cabinet shown in FIG. 7.

[0085] In a specific implementation, the cabinet 20 includes a cabinet body 21, a return pipe 22 and nodes 23, the nodes 23 are located in the cabinet body 21, and the return pipe 22 is fixed on the cabinet body 21. The inner cavity of the case 231 of each node 23 can accommodate a phase change working medium, so that the power device 232 to be cooled of the node is immersed in the liquid working medium. Here, the power device 232 to be cooled includes but is not limited to a processor chip, a memory bar, a network card chip, an SSD disk and the like. For different types of node devices, the power device to be cooled can be different types of devices.

[0086] In the height direction of the case 231, the inner cavity of the case 231 can form a liquid phase zone at the bottom and a gas phase zone at the top. The case 231 includes an exhaust opening 2311 located in the gas phase zone, so that the vapor working medium in the node case 231 is discharged into the device cavity 101 through the exhaust opening 2311, and a liquid inlet 2312 located in the liquid phase zone, and the return pipe 22 is in communication with the liquid inlet 2312 of each node. The liquid working medium can flow into the return pipe 22 through the return interface 221 based on gravity, so as to be transported into the node case 231, so that the liquid level of the liquid working medium can always be higher than the power device 232 to be cooled, meeting the functional needs of immersion heat exchange.

[0087] As shown in FIG. 8, to increase the flowability of the liquid working medium in the node case 231, further, the low-temperature liquid working medium can be directly guided to the upper part of the power device 232 through a liquid guide pipe 233 in communication with the liquid inlet 2312, effectively improving the heat dissipation capacity of the power device 232. It can be understood that the liquid guide pipe 233 can be selectively configured in different application scenarios.

[0088] In a specific implementation, the size and shape of the exhaust opening 2311 can be selected as needed, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited. During the operation of the node 23 device, if the liquid working medium replenishes a large amount of liquid, the liquid working medium can be automatically discharged from the exhaust opening 2311 out of the node case 231.

[0089] In other specific implementations, the liquid inlet 2312 is not limited to being located in the liquid phase zone. Based on the intercommunication characteristics of the inner cavity of the case 231, the liquid inlet 2312 can also be configured in the gas phase zone. Comparedly, the liquid inlet 2312 is configured in the liquid phase zone, which can directly transport the liquid working medium to the liquid phase zone for immersion of the power device, avoiding the generation of turbulence affecting the heat exchange efficiency.

[0090] In the embodiment, the nodes 23 in the cabinet 20 are arranged in the height direction, i.e., a vertical cabinet. As shown in FIG. 8, the liquid return pipe 22 extends from the cabinet body 21 in the vertical direction, and the liquid return interface 221 is located at the top of the liquid return pipe 22, so that the liquid return interface 221 is conveniently connected to the liquid outlet interface 311 of the condensing unit 30, and the gravity liquid return flow resistance is reasonably controlled. At the same time, the liquid return pipe 22 is arranged in the vertical direction, and does not occupy the layout space of the cabinet in the horizontal plane, thereby meeting the design requirement of the high-density layout trend. Of course, in other possible implementation manners, the liquid return pipe 22 extending from the cabinet body 21 can be arranged at an angle with the vertical direction, and the liquid return interface 221 can be arranged to be not vertically opposite the condensing unit, so as to adapt to different connection implementation manners. The embodiments of the present application are not limited.

[0091] In other implementation manners, the nodes 23 in the cabinet 20 can also be arranged in the horizontal plane, i.e., a horizontal cabinet. Based on the liquid return pipe 22, the phase change working cycle can be constructed between the nodes 23 in the cabinet and the condensing unit 30. The embodiments of the present application are not limited.

[0092] Please refer to FIGS. 3, 6 and 9, wherein FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship of a condensing unit provided by an embodiment of the present application. Exemplarily, the condensing unit 30 corresponding to two rows of cabinets 20 is shown in FIG. 9, and the condensing unit 30 includes the condensing pipes 33 arranged in a row and the liquid collecting disc 32.

[0093] The water inlet of the condensing pipe 33 is communicated with the water supply connecting pipe 34, the water supply connecting pipe 34 is communicated with the water supply pipe 41, and the water outlet of the condensing pipe 33 is communicated with the water return connecting pipe 35. The water return connecting pipe 35 is communicated with the water return pipe 42. As shown in FIG. 9, the cooling water can flow into the condensing pipe 33 through the water supply pipe 41 and the water supply connecting pipe 34 of the condensing unit 30, complete heat exchange and temperature rise, flow into the heat exchanger through the water return connecting pipe 35 and the water return pipe 42 of the condensing unit 30, complete heat exchange and temperature drop, and then flow to the condensing unit 30 through the water supply pipe 41.

[0094] In order to improve the condensing heat exchange area, the condensing pipe 33 located above the cabinet 20 can be arranged to be inclined, and the condensing pipe 33 is arranged to be longer by using the top space of the machine room 10. In this way, the condensing area for contacting with the vapor phase working medium can be effectively improved, and the condensing heat exchange efficiency can be improved. At the same time, the projection of the lower end of the condensing pipe 33 on the floor of the machine room is located in the projection of the liquid collecting disc 32 on the floor of the machine room, and the working medium that is liquefied on the surface of the condensing pipe 33 can quickly fall into the liquid collecting disc 32 located below the condensing pipe 33 under the guidance of the inclined condensing pipe 33, and liquid droplet splashing caused by falling from a high position can be avoided.

[0095] In a specific implementation, for the condenser pipes 33 arranged in a tilted manner, the water inlet of each condenser pipe 33 can be arranged at a position higher than the water outlet, so that the cooling water flows quickly in the condenser pipe 33.

[0096] For the condenser pipes 33 in the condenser unit 30, the condenser pipes 33 can be arranged in a serpentine manner in the pipe arrangement plane. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 9, the condenser pipes 33 include a plurality of extension pipe segments 331 and bending pipe segments 332 connected in sequence, and the condenser pipes 33 as a whole are arranged in a serpentine manner. In this way, the heat exchange area can be provided by fully utilizing the arrangement space of the condenser unit 30. Exemplarily, the extension pipe segments 331 can be straight pipe segments as shown in the figures, and two adjacent straight pipe segments are connected by a bending pipe segment 332, which has good forming processability.

[0097] To further improve the heat exchange efficiency, a plurality of condenser pipes 33 can be arranged above the cabinet 20, and each condenser pipe 33 is arranged in a layer, and the water inlets of the condenser pipes 33 are all connected to the water supply connection pipe 34, and the water outlets of the condenser pipes 33 are all connected to the water return connection pipe 35. That is, the plurality of condenser pipes 33 are arranged in parallel between the water supply connection pipe 34 and the water return connection pipe 35. In this way, the cooling water flowing into each condenser pipe 33 has a consistent low temperature, and the condenser pipes 33 arranged in layers can provide a higher heat exchange capacity, effectively improving the heat dissipation capacity.

[0098] In a specific implementation, the serpentine layer condenser pipes 33 can be arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction, and the extension pipe segments 331 of the adjacent two layers of condenser pipes 33 are arranged in a staggered manner. In this way, a larger contact area can be provided in the vertical direction in the condenser unit 30, which provides a good technical guarantee for ensuring the heat exchange efficiency.

[0099] In addition, the condenser pipes 33 and the liquid collecting tray 32 of the condenser unit 30 can be arranged one by one with the cabinet 20. As shown in FIGS. 6, 9 and 10, FIG. 10 is a partial view of C in FIG. 9.

[0100] The condenser pipes 33 arranged in layers can be arranged in groups as condenser pipe groups 33a, and a plurality of condenser pipe groups 33a are arranged in rows corresponding to the cabinets 20 arranged in rows. For each condenser pipe group 33a, a pair of water supply connection pipes 34 and water return connection pipes 35 are arranged correspondingly, and the condenser pipes 33 of the condenser pipe group 33a are arranged in parallel between the corresponding water supply connection pipes 34 and water return connection pipes 35. In this way, the flow path of the cooling water in the condenser pipe 33 can be shortened to a certain extent, the flow resistance can be reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

[0101] Based on the feature that the gaseous working medium generated by each cabinet 20 is directly discharged into the equipment cavity of the machine room, multiple condensing pipe groups 33a jointly participate in the condensation and liquefaction of the gaseous working medium, the pooling of heat exchange resources can be realized, and the utilization rate of the condensation side heat dissipation capacity of the architecture can be further improved. At the same time, based on the pooling of heat exchange resources, the pressure influence that may be generated due to different node loads can be completely avoided.

[0102] At the same time, the number of the liquid collecting trays 32 can also be set to be multiple, and the multiple liquid collecting trays 32 are set in one-to-one correspondence with the cabinets 20 and the condensing pipe groups 33a. Correspondingly, the liquid collecting tray 32 is fixedly provided with a liquid outlet pipe 31, and each liquid collecting tray 32 is in communication with the liquid return pipe 22 of the corresponding cabinet 20 through the liquid outlet pipe 31.

[0103] Of course, in other specific implementations, for the multiple condensing pipe groups 33a arranged in a row, the liquid collecting tray 32 can also be set to one (not shown in the figure), and the liquid collecting tray 32 is provided with multiple liquid outlet pipes 31 which are respectively in communication with the cabinets 20 below. The liquid working medium condensed on the surface of each condensing pipe group 33a is collected in one liquid collecting tray 32, so as to realize the centralized distribution of the liquid working medium to the cabinets 20.

[0104] In other specific implementations, the condensing pipe groups 33a of the condensing unit 30 and the cabinets 20 can also be arranged in a non-one-to-one correspondence.

[0105] In addition, in order to improve the heat exchange capacity of the condensing unit 30, the projection area of the condensing pipe 33 and the liquid collecting tray 32 on the floor surface of the machine room can be greater than the projection area of the cabinet 20 on the floor surface of the machine room, for example but not limited to, the space above the channel between the cabinets is used to arrange the condensing unit 30. In this way, according to the equipment heat dissipation demand in the machine room, the top space of the equipment cavity of the machine room 10 can be fully utilized to improve the overall heat exchange capacity.

[0106] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 10, the water supply pipe 34 and the water return pipe 35 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the pipe arrangement plane of the condensing pipe 33, so as to reasonably control the flow resistance and improve the heat exchange efficiency. In other possible implementation schemes, in order to meet the overall layout requirements of the architecture, the water supply pipe 34 and the water return pipe 35 can also be arranged as needed, rather than being limited to extending in a direction perpendicular to the pipe arrangement plane of the condensing pipe.

[0107] The liquid outlet pipe 31 is arranged to extend in the vertical direction, and the downwardly extending outer pipe end forms a liquid outlet interface 311 for docking with the liquid return interface 221 on the side of the cabinet 20, so as to reasonably control the gravity liquid return flow resistance. Please refer to FIG. 11, which is a schematic diagram of the docking relationship between a cabinet and a condensing unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0108] To prevent air from being introduced when maintenance personnel enter the equipment cavity 101, a normally closed exhaust port 105 can be installed in the sealed equipment cavity 101. Under normal circumstances, the exhaust port 105 is closed to maintain a reliable seal of the equipment cavity 101. When the amount of air in the equipment cavity 101 reaches a certain level, the exhaust port 105 can be opened to expel the air from the cavity, ensuring that the working fluid concentration in the equipment cavity 101 meets the requirements for heat dissipation performance.

[0109] Furthermore, to enhance the safety and reliability of the data center's liquid cooling architecture, a safety valve (not shown in the figure) can be installed at the exhaust port 105. This safety valve can automatically open based on a preset opening pressure. Thus, when an abnormal operation occurs within the equipment chamber 101, resulting in excessively high pressure, and this abnormal pressure reaches the pressure setting value of the safety valve, the safety valve at the exhaust port 105 will automatically open, ensuring safety through the effective discharge of gas.

[0110] To improve the condensation efficiency of the gaseous working fluid, optionally, the exhaust openings 2311 of each node chassis 231 on the cabinet 20 can be located on the same side of the cabinet 21, and the exhaust openings 2311 and the condenser pipes 33 can be enclosed in the same collection area by a baffle, the cabinet 21 and the liquid collection tray 32.

[0111] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 3, 5, and 6, the exhaust openings 2311 of the node chassis 231 of two adjacent rows of cabinets 20 are arranged opposite each other, forming a collection area S enclosed by the baffle 80, the cabinet body 21, and the collection tray 32. The exhaust openings 2311 of the node chassis 231 arranged opposite each other on the two rows of cabinets 20, as well as the condenser pipes 33 above the two rows of cabinets, are located in the same collection area S. This arrangement ensures that the gaseous working fluid focuses in the collection area S and flows to the condenser pipes 33, making full contact with the corresponding condenser pipes 33 to complete condensation and liquefaction, effectively improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0112] For two adjacent rows of cabinets 20, the baffle 80 may include two first baffles 81 and two second baffles 82. Referring to Figure 11, the collection tray 32 includes a first side edge 322 and a second side edge 323 disposed opposite to each other. The first side edge is located on the side closer to the collection area S, and the second side edge is located on the other side away from the collection area S. The first baffle 81 is fixedly connected between the first side edge 322 of the collection tray 32 and the cabinet body 21 of the cabinet 20, and the second baffle 82 is fixedly connected between the second side edge 323 of the collection tray 32 and the top wall of the equipment cavity 101.

[0113] In a specific implementation, as shown in FIG. 6, in the direction in which the cabinets are arranged in a row, a third baffle 83 can also be provided which is fixedly connected to the plate end of the two first baffles 81 and the two second baffles 82. For the sake of simplifying the illustration and clearly showing the assembly relationship on the inner side, only part of the third baffle 83 located at one end of the second baffle 82 is shown in FIG. 6. The third baffle 83 can be fixedly connected to the same side plate end of the first baffle 81 and the second baffle 82. Through the two third baffles 83, the two side plate ends of the first baffle 81 and the second baffle 82 are fixedly connected, thereby forming the collection area S.

[0114] In other possible implementations, the first baffle 81 and the second baffle 82 can be fixedly connected to the side wall of the equipment cavity 101, and a corresponding collection area can also be formed. In other words, according to the overall design requirement of the machine room, the third baffle 83 can be selectively configured, as long as it can enclose a collection area that can improve the heat exchange efficiency, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

[0115] In the present embodiment, the condensing unit 30 fixedly arranged on the side of the machine room 10 is located above the cabinet 20. In this way, when the power device in the phase-change immersion liquid cooling node generates heat, the liquid working medium is heated to above the boiling point and vaporizes. As shown by the dashed arrows in FIG. 11, the vaporized working medium is discharged from the node 23 into the collection area S and rises to contact the condensing pipe 33 located in the collection area S. After being cooled, the working medium is liquefied. As shown by the solid arrows in FIG. 11, the liquid working medium drops and is collected in the liquid collecting tray 32. The liquid working medium can flow out of the liquid collecting tray 32 of the condensing unit based on the self-weight and is re-input into each node 23 through the liquid return pipe 22 of the cabinet 20, thereby completing a liquid cooling cycle.

[0116] In a specific implementation, in the height direction, the liquid outlet interface 311 of the liquid outlet pipe 31 can be connected to the liquid return interface 221 on the side of the cabinet 20 through a liquid path transition connector (not shown in the figure). On the one hand, the size of the connection can be reasonably controlled, and on the other hand, the operability of the cabinet in the field assembly can be improved based on the arrangement of the corresponding transition connector. It can be understood that the liquid path transition connector can be implemented by using the existing technology, which will not be described here.

[0117] For the cabinets 20 arranged in a row, the side where the exhaust opening is located is the non-maintenance side S1 of the cabinet, and the opposite side of the exhaust opening is the maintenance side S2 of the cabinet. When maintenance is required, as shown by the arrow D in FIG. 11, the node 23 can be pulled out from the maintenance side S2 of the cabinet, and after the maintenance and operation are handled, the node 23 can be inserted into the cabinet body in the reverse direction. Based on the collection area S enclosed by the baffles, the maintenance and operation can be performed on the faulty cabinet or the faulty node under the condition that the machine is not stopped, thereby maximizing the avoidance of the influence of the liquid working medium dropping.

[0118] It should be noted that the "cabinet maintenance side S2" here refers to a higher operation and maintenance frequency compared to the "cabinet non-maintenance side S1", that is, the operation and maintenance frequency of the "cabinet non-maintenance side S1" is relatively low, and does not refer to the case where no maintenance is required on the "cabinet non-maintenance side S1".

[0119] In other possible implementations, for the cabinets 20 arranged in a row, the cabinets 20 can also not be configured to distinguish between the cabinet non-maintenance side S1 and the cabinet maintenance side S2, and correspondingly, the baffle 80 is not required to form the collection area S for guiding the gaseous working medium. In this way, the gaseous working medium can be discharged from the outer periphery of the node cabinet 231 of the cabinet 20 (not shown in the figure), and specifically, the setting position of the exhaust opening on the cabinet 231 can be determined as required, and the gaseous working medium can rise to the condensing unit 30 to exchange heat with the condensing pipe 33.

[0120] For each node 23 in the cabinet 20, the amount of liquid working medium can be allocated according to the actual heat dissipation requirement of the node. In a specific implementation, a flow valve 70 (as shown in FIG. 8) can be arranged between the liquid return pipe 22 and the liquid inlet of the node 23, so as to adjust the opening degree of the flow valve 70 according to the actual heat dissipation requirement, and realize on-demand allocation of cooling capacity.

[0121] For each cabinet 20 in the equipment cavity of the machine room 10, when the heat dissipation requirements of each cabinet are substantially the same, the liquid working medium in the condensing unit side collection tray 32 flows into the corresponding cabinet 20 based on the self-weight, and the on-demand allocation of cooling capacity can be realized. In comparison, the configuration cost and operation cost of the pumping component can be saved. In a specific implementation, a working medium pump 60 (as shown in FIG. 11) can also be arranged on the liquid return channel between the collection tray 32 of the condensing unit 30 and the corresponding cabinet 20, so as to increase the liquid return flow according to the actual working condition. For example, when the heat dissipation requirements of each cabinet are not completely consistent, or when there is a high-power running period in the operation of part of the cabinets, the working medium pump can be used to realize on-demand allocation of cooling capacity.

[0122] In addition, in order to simplify the secondary side pipe network, the water supply pipe 41 and the water return pipe 42 can be arranged to surround an annular pipe to respectively communicate with the water supply connecting pipe 34 and the water return connecting pipe 35 of each condensing unit 30, and form a cooling water working cycle of the secondary side. In this way, the flow resistance can be reasonably controlled. In a specific implementation, the projection of the water supply pipe 41 on the floor surface of the machine room can be located inside the projection of the water return pipe 42 on the floor surface of the machine room. Of course, in other specific implementations, the projection of the water supply pipe 41 on the floor surface of the machine room can also be located outside the projection of the water return pipe 42 on the floor surface of the machine room. The embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

[0123] Furthermore, based on the decoupling architecture of the condensing unit and the cabinet provided in this application embodiment, the height space within the equipment cavity 101 of the computer room 10 can be fully utilized and rationally allocated to the condensing unit 30, increasing the volume of the condensing unit 30 without increasing its space occupation in the horizontal plane. In other words, by increasing the available space for the condensing pipe 33, the heat exchange capacity is improved.

[0124] It should be noted that, in addition to the phase change immersion liquid-cooled cabinet 20 that achieves heat dissipation based on the aforementioned data center phase change liquid cooling architecture, the server room 10 of this data center can also be equipped with cabinets or equipment with independently configured heat dissipation structures. For example, cabinets or equipment using independent liquid cooling structures. This application embodiment is not limited to this.

[0125] In the aforementioned implementation scheme, the water supply pipe 41 and return pipe 42 are fixed inside the equipment cavity of the machine room 10. In a specific implementation, the water supply pipe 41 and return pipe 42 of the secondary side network can also be arranged outside the machine room (not shown in the figure). Both can be connected to the condensing unit 30 fixed inside the machine room 10 through the top wall of the machine room 10. In this way, when the water supply pipe 41 and return pipe 42 need to be inspected and maintained, the operators do not need to enter the machine room, which can further reduce the impact of operation and maintenance on the environment inside the machine room.

[0126] Other functional components and specific implementations can be the same as those in the aforementioned embodiments. They will not be repeated here.

[0127] In the aforementioned embodiments, the pooling area S is formed by grouping two rows of server racks 20 and their corresponding condensing units 30, thereby achieving pooled management and allocation of heat dissipation resources. In other specific implementations, multiple groups of adjacent rows of server racks 20 can be set up in the computer room, with corresponding condensing units 30.

[0128] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a top view of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in this application embodiment. To clearly illustrate the differences and connections between this embodiment and the foregoing embodiments, components with the same functions are shown with the same labels in the figure.

[0129] As shown in Figure 12, the computer room 10 is arranged with eight sets of server racks 20 arranged in rows. Each set of server racks 20 includes a first row of server racks 20a and a second row of server racks 20b arranged adjacent to each other. Each row of server racks (20a, 20b) can use the aforementioned condensing unit 30 to distribute the cooling capacity. Similarly, the condenser pipes and liquid collection trays of the condensing unit can be arranged in rows and are respectively set up one-to-one with the row of server racks.

[0130] In other specific implementations, the number of server rack arrays within the computer room 10 can be determined based on the overall design of the data center. This application does not impose such a limitation.

[0131] The specific implementation of other functional configurations can be consistent with the foregoing embodiments. Details are not repeated here.

[0132] Next, the operation process of the operation personnel for the machine room provided by the embodiments of the present application is briefly described.

[0133] First, the operator entering the machine room 10 needs to wear an oxygen mask, and should wear a clean work suit. On the one hand, it can avoid the oxygen content in the equipment cavity 101 being too low to affect the safety of the operator, and on the other hand, it can avoid the operator carrying impurities to affect the running environment in the equipment cavity 101.

[0134] When the operator enters the machine room, first open the outer door 103 to enter the buffer cavity 102, inject air into the buffer cavity 102 after closing the outer door 103, so that the pressure in the buffer cavity 102 is slightly higher than that in the equipment cavity 101, and then open the inner door 104 to enter the equipment cavity 101. In this process, based on the relatively high pressure in the buffer cavity 102, when the inner door 104 is opened, the escape amount of the vapor working medium in the equipment cavity 101 can be effectively controlled, and the operation and maintenance cost can be reduced.

[0135] When the operator leaves the machine room, first inject air into the buffer cavity 102, so that the pressure in the buffer cavity 102 is slightly higher than that in the equipment cavity 101, then open the inner door 104 to enter the equipment cavity 101, and after closing the inner door 104, the operator can open the outer door 103 to leave the machine room.

[0136] It should be understood that during the operation and maintenance process, based on the structural characteristics of the machine room level sealing, the vapor working medium and the liquid working medium dripping in the internal environment of the machine room inevitably affect the work efficiency of the operation and maintenance personnel. In order to further improve the operation and maintenance efficiency, as shown in FIG. 12, an operation and maintenance robot 90 can be arranged in the machine room. The operation and maintenance robot 90 can be communicatively interconnected with the data center master control system to perform corresponding operation and maintenance operations according to the maintenance requirements of the phase change liquid cooling architecture. For example, but not limited to, automatic predictive troubleshooting and analysis, fully automatic emergency disposal, etc. can be realized. In this way, the work intensity of the operation and maintenance personnel can be reduced, and the work efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0137] In specific implementation, the external operator can also remotely monitor, and the operation and maintenance robot 90 can perform corresponding operation and maintenance operations according to the instructions of the operator, and the man-machine cooperation can effectively improve the work efficiency. In particular, with the growth of data center business, the scale is also getting larger and larger, and for the high-density layout data center, the above technical advantages are particularly significant.

[0138] In other specific implementations, based on the settings of the operation robot 90, the buffer cavity can no longer be configured. Please refer to FIG. 13, which is a top view of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided by the embodiments of the present application. In order to clearly show the difference and connection between the present embodiment and the foregoing embodiments, the same function components are denoted by the same reference numerals in the figure.

[0139] Compared with the embodiment described in FIG. 12, the machine room 10 shown in FIG. 13 includes the equipment cavity 101, and the buffer cavity is no longer configured. Meanwhile, the equipment cavity 101 can be provided with the operation window 107, so as to open the operation window 107 to realize the interaction of tools and materials according to the operation requirements of the operation robot 90. In this way, the sealing of the equipment cavity 101 can be further ensured.

[0140] It should be understood that other function components of the data center can be implemented according to the prior art, and thus will not be described herein.

[0141] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A data center phase change liquid cooling architecture, comprising: The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture comprises a machine room, a cabinet, and a condensing unit, a water supply pipe and a return water pipe fixed to the machine room; The machine room comprises a sealed equipment cavity, the cabinet and the condensing unit are located in the equipment cavity, and the condensing unit is located above the cabinet; The cabinet comprises a cabinet body, a node and a liquid return pipe, the node and the liquid return pipe are arranged on the cabinet body, the node comprises a case and a power device to be cooled arranged in the case, the case comprises an exhaust opening and a liquid inlet, and an inner cavity of the case can accommodate a phase change working medium; the liquid return pipe communicates with the liquid inlet of the case, and the liquid return pipe comprises a liquid return interface; The condensing unit comprises a condensing pipe and a liquid collecting disc, a water inlet of the condensing pipe communicates with the water supply pipe, and a water outlet of the condensing pipe communicates with the return water pipe; the liquid collecting disc is located below the condensing pipe, and projections of the two on the machine room floor surface at least partially overlap, the liquid collecting disc is provided with a liquid outlet interface, and the liquid outlet interface of the liquid collecting disc and the liquid return interface of the liquid return pipe are connected to form a liquid return channel.

2. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 1, wherein, The projection of the condensing pipe on the machine room floor surface coincides with the projection of the liquid collecting disc on the machine room floor surface; or the projection of the condensing pipe on the machine room floor surface is located within the projection of the liquid collecting disc on the machine room floor surface.

3. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The condensing pipe is arranged obliquely, and the lower end of the condensing pipe is located within the projection of the liquid collecting disc on the machine room floor surface.

4. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 3, wherein, The water inlet of the condensing pipe is arranged higher than the water outlet.

5. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-4, wherein, The condensing unit further comprises a water supply connecting pipe and a return water connecting pipe; the water inlet of the condensing pipe communicates with the water supply connecting pipe, and the water supply connecting pipe communicates with the water supply pipe; the water outlet of the condensing pipe communicates with the return water connecting pipe, and the return water connecting pipe communicates with the return water pipe; a plurality of condensing pipes are arranged in parallel between the water supply connecting pipe and the return water connecting pipe, and the plurality of condensing pipes form a condensing pipe group.

6. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 5, wherein, The number of the condensing pipe groups is multiple, the number of the water supply connecting pipes and the number of the return water connecting pipes are both multiple, and the water supply connecting pipes and the return water connecting pipes are arranged one by one corresponding to the condensing pipe groups.

7. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 5 or 6, wherein, The water supply connecting pipes and the return water connecting pipes are arranged in extension in a direction perpendicular to the pipe arrangement plane of the condensing pipes.

8. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The condensing unit further comprises a liquid outlet pipe, the liquid outlet pipe is fixed to the liquid collecting disc and communicates with a liquid containing portion of the liquid collecting disc; the liquid return pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are both arranged in extension along a vertical direction, and an outer pipe end of the liquid outlet pipe extending downward forms the liquid outlet interface communicating with the liquid return pipe.

9. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-8, wherein, The water supply pipe and the return water pipe are located in the equipment cavity, the water supply pipe and the return water pipe are both annular pipes, the projection of the water supply pipe on the machine room floor surface is located on the inner side of the projection of the return water pipe on the machine room floor surface, or the projection of the water supply pipe on the machine room floor surface is located on the outer side of the projection of the return water pipe on the machine room floor surface.

10. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-9, wherein, The number of the cabinets is multiple, and the multiple cabinets are arranged in multiple rows, and adjacent two rows of the cabinets are arranged at intervals.

11. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 10, wherein, The condensing pipe and the liquid collecting disc of the condensing unit are arranged in rows, and are arranged one by one corresponding to the cabinets arranged in rows.

12. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 11, wherein, The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture further comprises a baffle, the cabinet comprises a plurality of nodes, the exhaust opening of the cabinet of each node is located on the same side of the cabinet body, the baffle, the collecting tray and the cabinet body form a collection area, and the exhaust opening and the condensing pipe are located in the collection area.

13. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 12, wherein, The baffle forming the collection area comprises a first baffle and a second baffle, the first baffle is fixedly connected between the first side of the collecting tray and the cabinet body, and the second baffle is fixedly connected between the second side of the collecting tray and the top wall of the equipment cavity; the first side is the side of the collecting tray close to the collection area, and the second side is the side of the collecting tray away from the collection area.

14. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 13, wherein, The baffle forming the collection area further comprises a third baffle, and the third baffle is fixedly connected with the same side plate end of the first baffle and the second baffle.

15. The central phase change liquid cooling architecture of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, The projection area of the condensing unit on the floor of the machine room is greater than the projection area of the cabinet on the floor of the machine room.

16. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-15, wherein, A flow valve is arranged between the liquid return pipe and the liquid inlet of the node.

17. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-16, wherein, A working medium pump is arranged on the liquid return channel between the collecting tray and the liquid return pipe.

18. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-17, wherein, The machine room further comprises a buffer cavity separated from the equipment cavity, an inner door is arranged on the partition wall between the equipment cavity and the buffer cavity, and an outer door is arranged on the outer wall of the buffer cavity.

19. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 18, wherein, The equipment cavity comprises a normally closed exhaust port.

20. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 19, wherein, A safety valve is arranged at the exhaust port.

21. A machine room for housing a rack, characterized by The machine room comprises a sealed equipment cavity and a fixedly arranged condensing unit, a water supply pipe and a water return pipe; The condensing unit comprises a condensing pipe and a collecting tray, the water inlet of the condensing pipe is communicated with the water supply pipe, the water outlet of the condensing pipe is communicated with the water return pipe, the collecting tray is located below the condensing pipe, and the projections of the condensing pipe and the collecting tray on the floor of the machine room at least partially overlap, and a liquid outlet interface is arranged on the collecting tray; The condensing unit is located above a cabinet arranged in the equipment cavity, and the liquid outlet interface of the collecting tray is used to dock with a liquid return interface on the side of the cabinet to form a liquid return channel.

22. The machine room of claim 21, wherein, The projection of the condensing pipe on the floor of the machine room overlaps the projection of the collecting tray on the floor of the machine room, or the projection of the condensing pipe on the floor of the machine room is located within the projection of the collecting tray on the floor of the machine room.

23. The machine room according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that The condensing pipe is arranged obliquely, and the lower end of the condensing pipe is located within the projection of the collecting tray on the floor of the machine room.

24. The machine room according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein, The condensing unit further comprises a water supply connecting pipe and a water return connecting pipe; the water inlet of the condensing pipe is communicated with the water supply connecting pipe, the water supply connecting pipe is communicated with the water supply pipe; the water outlet of the condensing pipe is communicated with the water return connecting pipe, and the water return connecting pipe is communicated with the water return pipe; a plurality of condensing pipes are arranged in parallel between the water supply connecting pipe and the water return connecting pipe, and the plurality of condensing pipes form a condensing pipe group.

25. The machine room of claim 24, wherein, The number of the condensing pipe groups is multiple, the number of the water supply connecting pipes and the number of the water return connecting pipes are both multiple, and the water supply connecting pipes and the water return connecting pipes are arranged one by one corresponding to the condensing pipe groups.

26. The machine room according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein, The condensing unit further comprises a liquid outlet pipe fixed on the liquid collecting disc and communicating with the liquid containing part of the liquid collecting disc; the liquid return pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are arranged in the vertical direction, the outer pipe end of the liquid outlet pipe extending downward forms the liquid outlet interface, and the outer pipe end of the liquid return pipe extending upward forms the liquid return interface.

27. The machine room according to any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein, The machine room is provided with an operation and maintenance robot.

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