Lithium plating window determination method and apparatus, energy recovery method, device, and medium

Abstract

The present application discloses a lithium plating window determination method and apparatus, an energy recovery method, a device, and a medium. The lithium plating window determination method comprises: in a target state of charge, charging a target battery on the basis of a first charging rate; determining a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery when charged at the first charging rate; and when the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition, determining a lithium plating window of the target battery on the basis of the first charging rate. According to the method, the lithium plating window of the target battery is determined on the basis of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery charged on the basis of the first charging rate in the target state of charge, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of lithium plating window determination.

Description

Lithium precipitation window determination method and device, energy recovery method, equipment and medium

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411364281.9, filed on September 27, 2024 in the China Patent Office and entitled "Lithium precipitation window determination method and device, energy recovery method, equipment and medium", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a lithium precipitation window determination method and device, an energy recovery method, an equipment and a medium. BACKGROUND

[0003] Lithium precipitation is a kind of loss condition of lithium ion battery. After lithium precipitation, the service life of the lithium ion battery will be accelerated to decay, and there will be a safety risk if it continues to be used. Therefore, how to obtain the lithium precipitation window of the lithium ion battery is particularly important.

[0004] In the related art, the optical method, the scanning electron microscope and other imaging methods are usually used to determine the lithium precipitation window of the battery. However, the accuracy of the obtained lithium precipitation window of the battery is low.

[0005] SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a lithium precipitation window determination method and device, an energy recovery method, an equipment and a medium to overcome the above problems of the prior art. TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present application is:

[0008] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a lithium precipitation window determination method, comprising:

[0009] Charging the target battery according to a first charging rate at a target state of charge;

[0010] Determining a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate;

[0011] In the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition, determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, determining the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate comprises:

[0013] determine the current anode potential according to the first correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate, the first correspondence relationship being used to represent a correspondence relationship between a charging rate and an anode potential of the target battery at a target state of charge;

[0014] determine the current internal resistance potential according to the second correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate, the second correspondence relationship being used to represent a correspondence relationship between a charging rate and an internal resistance potential of the target battery at the target state of charge.

[0015] In some optional embodiments, before charging the target battery according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge, the lithium extraction window determination method further comprises:

[0016] determining the first correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge;

[0017] determining the second correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge.

[0018] In some optional embodiments, determining the first correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge comprises:

[0019] determining a plurality of anode potentials of the target battery charged by a plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge, each preset charging rate corresponding to one anode potential;

[0020] determining the first correspondence relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of anode potentials.

[0021] In some optional embodiments, determining the plurality of anode potentials of the target battery charged by the plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge comprises:

[0022] collecting one anode potential of the target battery charged by each preset charging rate for a preset time length, respectively, to obtain the plurality of anode potentials, in a case where the target battery is at the target state of charge.

[0023] In some optional embodiments, determining the second correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge comprises:

[0024] determining a plurality of internal resistance potentials of the target battery charged by a plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge, each preset charging rate corresponding to one internal resistance potential;

[0025] determining the second correspondence relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

[0026] In some optional embodiments, determining the plurality of internal resistance potentials of the target battery charged by the plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge comprises:

[0027] determining a current cell impedance of the target battery at the target state of charge;

[0028] determining a plurality of internal resistance potentials according to each preset charging rate and the current cell impedance.

[0029] In some optional embodiments, the determining of the current cell impedance of the target battery at the target state of charge comprises:

[0030] performing an impedance test on the target battery to obtain the current cell impedance when the target battery is at the target state of charge.

[0031] In some optional embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination method further comprises:

[0032] obtaining an anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cyclic charging and discharging processes, each cyclic charging and discharging process being charged at the target state of charge as a starting charging state and charging the target battery for a preset time based on a target charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window;

[0033] determining whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate according to the anode image.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, the determining of whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate according to the anode image comprises:

[0035] determining that the lithium precipitation window is accurate when the anode image contains a lithium precipitation image;

[0036] determining that the lithium precipitation window is inaccurate when the anode image does not contain a lithium precipitation image.

[0037] In some optional embodiments, before charging the target battery at the first charging rate at the target state of charge, the lithium precipitation window determination method further comprises:

[0038] controlling the target battery to be charged to a full state of charge;

[0039] performing discharging processing on the target battery in the full state of charge until the target battery is at the target state of charge.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, before determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate when the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet the preset condition, the lithium precipitation window determination method further comprises:

[0041] determining a concentration polarization potential of the target battery under the first charging rate;

[0042] determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate when the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet the preset condition, comprising:

[0043] In a case where the current anode potential, the current internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential meet preset conditions, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the first charging rate.

[0044] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an energy recovery method, comprising:

[0045] In a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, a current charging rate is determined according to a lithium precipitation window of a vehicle battery, and the current charging rate is obtained according to the first charging rate in a case where a target anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the vehicle battery under the first charging rate meet preset conditions;

[0046] The vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate.

[0047] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a lithium precipitation window determination device, comprising:

[0048] A charging module is configured to charge a target battery according to a first charging rate under a target state of charge;

[0049] A first potential determination module is configured to determine a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate;

[0050] A window determination module is configured to determine a lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet preset conditions.

[0051] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an energy recovery device, comprising:

[0052] A charging rate determination module is configured to determine a current charging rate according to a lithium precipitation window of a vehicle battery in a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, and the current charging rate is obtained according to a first charging rate in a case where a target anode potential and a target internal resistance potential of the vehicle battery under the first charging rate meet preset conditions;

[0053] An energy recovery control module is configured to control the vehicle to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate.

[0054] In a fifth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, comprising:

[0055] A memory;

[0056] One or more processors coupled to the memory;

[0057] One or more application programs, wherein the one or more application programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more application programs are configured to perform the lithium precipitation window determination method provided in the first aspect above, or the energy recovery method provided in the second aspect above.

[0058] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium stores program codes, the program codes can be invoked by a processor to execute the lithium precipitation window determination method provided in the first aspect above, or the energy recovery method provided in the second aspect above.

[0059] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, when the computer program product runs on a computer device, the computer program product causes the computer device to execute the lithium precipitation window determination method provided in the first aspect above, or the energy recovery method provided in the second aspect above. Advantages

[0060] The first aspect provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages: in the process of charging the battery, the thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential of the battery is 0 millivolt, in the case of lithium precipitation of the battery, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close, and the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery charged at the target state of charge according to the first charging rate, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0061] The second aspect provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages: in the process of energy recovery of the vehicle, the energy recovery of the vehicle is controlled according to the lithium precipitation window of the battery of the vehicle, so as to avoid the impact of excessive pulse current on the vehicle battery and cause the performance of the vehicle battery to decline, which is beneficial to improve the service life of the vehicle battery.

[0062] It can be understood that the advantages of the third aspect to the seventh aspect described above can be referred to the related description in the first aspect or the second aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0063] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, but not limiting the technical solutions of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0064] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by the drawings without paying creative labor.

[0065] FIG. 1 shows a scenario diagram of a lithium precipitation window determination system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0066] FIG. 2 shows a structural diagram of a target battery in a lithium precipitation window determination system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0067] FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a lithium precipitation window determination method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0068] FIG. 4 shows another flow diagram of a lithium precipitation window determination method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0069] FIG. 5 shows a scenario diagram of an anode potential change curve and an internal resistance potential change curve in a lithium precipitation window determination method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] FIG. 6 shows still another flow diagram of a lithium precipitation window determination method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] FIG. 7 shows a flow diagram of an energy recovery method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0072] FIG. 8 shows a structural diagram of a lithium precipitation window determination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0073] FIG. 9 shows a structural diagram of an energy recovery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0074] FIG. 10 shows a functional diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0075] FIG. 11 shows a computer readable storage medium for storing or carrying program code for implementing a lithium precipitation window determination method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0076] FIG. 12 shows a computer program product for storing or carrying program code for implementing a lithium precipitation window determination method according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] In order to make the objectives, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0078] It should be understood that the term "include" as used in this specification and the following claims indicates the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0079] It should also be understood that the terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0080] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in the specification of the present application means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes these combinations.

[0081] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0082] Lithium precipitation is a loss condition of a lithium ion battery. After lithium precipitation of the lithium ion battery, the service life of the lithium ion battery will be accelerated to decay, and there is a safety risk in continuous use. Therefore, how to obtain the lithium precipitation window of the lithium ion battery is particularly important.

[0083] In the related art, an optical method, a scanning electron microscope and the like imaging method are usually used to determine the lithium precipitation window of the battery. However, the accuracy of the obtained lithium precipitation window of the battery is low at present.

[0084] In view of the above problems, the lithium precipitation window determination method and device, the energy recovery method, the equipment and the medium provided by the embodiments of the present application, at a target state of charge, a target battery is charged according to a first charging rate, and a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate are determined, and in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the first charging rate. In the process of charging the battery, the thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential of the battery is 0 millivolt. In the case that the battery appears lithium precipitation, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the target state of charge and according to the first charging rate, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0085] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0086] Please refer to FIG. 1, which shows a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a lithium precipitation window determination system provided by an embodiment of the present application. The lithium precipitation window determination system can include a target battery 100, a charging device 200, and a processing device 300. The processing device 300 is communicatively connected to the target battery 100 and the charging device 200, and performs data interaction with the target battery 100 and the charging device 200.

[0087] The target battery 100 can be a secondary battery, and can include but is not limited to any one of a lithium cobalt oxide battery, a lithium manganese oxide battery, a lithium nickel oxide battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a ternary lithium battery, or a sodium ion battery.

[0088] The charging device 200 can include but is not limited to a direct current charging device or an alternating current charging device.

[0089] The processing device 300 can include but is not limited to any one of a server or a terminal device.

[0090] The server can include but is not limited to a standalone physical server, a server cluster composed of multiple physical servers, a distributed system, a cloud server, or the like.

[0091] The terminal device can include but is not limited to a mobile terminal device (for example, a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet personal computer (Tablet PC), a notebook computer, a smart watch, a smart bracelet, or the like) and a fixed terminal device (for example, a transmission control unit (TCU), a desktop computer, a smart panel, an all-in-one computer, or the like).

[0092] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the target battery 100 can include two single-layer coated cathodes and one double-layer coated anode. The anode is arranged between the two anodes, and a separator is arranged between the anode and the cathode. A copper wire can be arranged in the middle of the separator between any anode and cathode, and the copper wire extends to the outside of the target battery 100 to serve as a reference electrode of the target battery 100.

[0093] Please refer to FIG. 3, which shows a flowchart of a lithium precipitation window determination method provided by an embodiment of the present application. In specific embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination method can be applied to the processing device 300 in the lithium precipitation window determination system. In the following, the processing device 300 will be taken as an example to elaborate the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 in detail. The lithium precipitation window determination method can include the following steps 110 to 130.

[0094] Step 110: Charge the target battery according to a first charging rate at a target state of charge.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present application, in the case where the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, and charges the target battery according to a first charging rate when the target battery is at a target state of charge (SOC).

[0096] The target SOC is the ratio of the target remaining capacity of the target battery to the full charge capacity, usually expressed in percentage. For example, the target SOC can include but is not limited to any one of 80%, 75%, 65%, etc.

[0097] The first charging rate can be any charging rate, and the first charging rate can include but is not limited to any one of 0.4C, 0.7C, 0.8C, 1C, etc.

[0098] Specifically, in the case where the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, and sends a first charging instruction carrying the first charging rate to the charging device when the target battery is at the target SOC, the charging device receives and responds to the first charging instruction, and charges the target battery according to the first charging rate.

[0099] In some embodiments, in the case where the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, and controls the target battery to be charged to a full charge state, and discharges the target battery in the full charge state until the target battery is at the target SOC. By fully charging the target battery first and then discharging it to the target SOC, the control accuracy of controlling the SOC of the target battery is improved.

[0100] Specifically, the lithium precipitation window determination system can further include a battery management system (BMS), which is used to collect the SOC of the target battery. The BMS is in communication connection with the processing device and performs data interaction with the processing device.

[0101] In a case where the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, sends a first collection instruction to the BMS, the BMS receives and responds to the first collection instruction, collects the SOC of the target battery, obtains an initial SOC, and sends the initial SOC to the processing device, the processing device receives the initial SOC returned by the BMS, determines a first charging parameter of the target battery according to a first SOC difference between the initial SOC and the full-charge SOC, and sends a second charging instruction carrying the first charging parameter to the charging device, the charging device receives and responds to the second charging instruction, charges the target battery to a full-charge state according to the first charging parameter, stops charging the target battery, and sends full-charge information to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the full-charge information returned by the charging device, determines a first discharging parameter of the target battery according to a second SOC difference between the full-charge SOC and the target SOC, and sends a first discharging instruction carrying the first discharging parameter to the target battery, the target battery receives and responds to the first discharging instruction, discharges according to the first discharging parameter until the target battery is at the target SOC.

[0102] The full-charge SOC corresponds to the full-charge state, the first charging parameter can include but is not limited to a first charging current, a first charging voltage, a first charging time length, etc., the full-charge information can be used to represent that the target battery is at the full-charge SOC, and the first discharging parameter can include but is not limited to a first discharging current, a first discharging voltage, a first discharging time length, etc.

[0103] In a case where the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, sends a first collection instruction to the BMS, the BMS receives and responds to the first collection instruction, collects the SOC of the target battery, obtains an initial SOC, and sends the initial SOC to the processing device, the processing device receives the initial SOC returned by the BMS, determines a first charging parameter of the target battery according to a first SOC difference between the initial SOC and the full-charge SOC, and sends a second charging instruction carrying the first charging parameter to the charging device, the charging device receives and responds to the second charging instruction, charges the target battery to a full-charge state according to the first charging parameter, stops charging the target battery, and sends full-charge information to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the full-charge information returned by the charging device, determines a first discharging parameter of the target battery according to a second SOC difference between the full-charge SOC and the target SOC, and sends a first discharging instruction carrying the first discharging parameter to the target battery, the target battery receives and responds to the first discharging instruction, discharges according to the first discharging parameter until the target battery is at the target SOC.

[0104] The second charging parameter can include but is not limited to a second charging current, a second charging voltage, a second charging time length, etc.

[0105] In some embodiments, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the processing device, the processing device receives and responds to the determination instruction, sends a first collection instruction to the BMS, the BMS receives and responds to the first collection instruction, collects the SOC of the target battery, obtains the initial SOC, and sends the initial SOC to the processing device, the processing device receives the initial SOC returned by the BMS, in the case that the initial SOC is greater than the target SOC, determines the second discharge parameter of the target battery according to the fourth SOC difference between the target SOC and the initial SOC, and sends a second discharge instruction carrying the second discharge parameter to the target battery, the target battery receives and responds to the second discharge instruction, discharges according to the second discharge parameter until the target battery is at the target SOC.

[0106] The second discharge parameter can include but is not limited to a second discharge current, a second discharge voltage, a second discharge time, etc.

[0107] In some embodiments, the processing device can be provided with an input panel, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, the determination instruction can be input on the input panel of the processing device, for example, the determination instruction can be handwritten on the input panel, and for example, the determination instruction can be input on the input panel by pressing the keys, and the processing device receives the determination instruction through the input panel.

[0108] In some embodiments, the processing device can be provided with a voice recognition module, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, voice information can be sent within the voice collection range of the voice recognition module, the voice recognition module collects the voice information issued by the user, and performs voice recognition on the collected voice information, and according to the recognition result of the voice recognition, in the case that the recognition result contains a keyword for instructing the processing device to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, for example, the keyword is "determine the lithium precipitation window", and for example, the keyword is "lithium precipitation window" and "determine", etc., it is determined that the determination instruction for determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is received.

[0109] As an example, the voice information issued by the user is: to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, and the recognition result of the voice recognition contains the keywords "lithium precipitation window" and "determine", and it is determined that the determination instruction for determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is received.

[0110] In some embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination system can further include a user client, the user client can be connected to the processing device through a network, and perform data interaction with the processing device through the network.

[0111] In the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, a determination instruction can be sent to the user client, the user client receives and responds to the determination instruction, forwards the determination instruction to the processing device through the network, and the processing device receives the determination instruction forwarded by the user client.

[0112] The user client can include, but is not limited to, any one of a mobile client (for example, any one of a mobile phone client, a PDA client, a Tablet PC client, a notebook computer client, a smart watch client, a smart bracelet client, or a wearable client, etc.) or a fixed client (for example, a desktop computer client, a smart panel client, etc.), etc.

[0113] The network can include, but is not limited to, any one of a ZigBee network, a Bluetooth (BT) network, a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) network, a Thread network, a Long Range Radio (LoRa) network, a Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN), an infrared network, a Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT), a Controller Area Network (CAN), a Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) network, a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Local Area Network (LAN), a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), or a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN), etc.

[0114] Step 120: determining the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate.

[0115] In the embodiments of the present application, the processing device can determine the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate.

[0116] In the process of determining the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate by the processing device, in some embodiments, the processing device can determine the current anode potential of the target battery according to the first correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate, and determine the current internal resistance potential of the target battery according to the second correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate, so as to determine the current anode potential according to the correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the anode potential under the target SOC and the first charging rate, and determine the current internal resistance potential according to the correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the internal resistance potential under the target SOC and the first charging rate, thereby improving the accuracy of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential.

[0117] The first correspondence relationship is used to represent the correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the anode potential of the target battery under the target SOC, for example, the first correspondence relationship can include an anode potential change curve used to represent the correspondence relationship between the anode potential and the charging rate. The second correspondence relationship is used to represent the correspondence relationship between the charging rate and the internal resistance potential of the target battery under the target SOC, for example, the second correspondence relationship can include an internal resistance potential change curve used to represent the correspondence relationship between the internal resistance potential and the charging rate.

[0118] In the process of determining the current anode potential of the target battery under the first charging rate by the processing device, in some embodiments, the processing device can send a second collection instruction to the BMS, the BMS receives and responds to the second collection instruction, collects the potential of the anode of the target battery to obtain the current anode potential, and sends the current anode potential to the processing device, the processing device receives the current anode potential returned by the BMS, and calculates the current internal resistance potential according to the current cell impedance of the target battery and the first charging rate.

[0119] Step 130: determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition.

[0120] In the embodiments of the present application, the processing device determines the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition. In the process of charging the battery, the thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential of the battery is 0 millivolt. In the case of lithium precipitation of the battery, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the first charging rate under the target SOC, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, thereby improving the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0121] The preset condition can include but is not limited to that a first potential difference value between the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential is less than a first preset range, or the first potential difference value is 0, etc.

[0122] The first preset range can be used to represent a minimum potential difference value of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential when the target battery is in the lithium precipitation state during the charging process.

[0123] It can be understood that for a lithium battery, the lithium precipitation window is the upper limit of the charging rate at which lithium ions precipitate metal lithium on the surface of the electrode material during the charging process of the lithium battery at the target SOC. When the charging rate of the lithium battery exceeds the upper limit of the charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window, the lithium ions cannot be completely embedded in the whole positive electrode material, so that metal lithium is precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode material, that is, lithium precipitation or lithium plating.

[0124] For a sodium ion battery, the lithium precipitation window is the upper limit of the charging rate at which sodium ions precipitate metal sodium on the surface of the electrode material during the charging process of the sodium ion battery at the target SOC. When the charging rate of the sodium ion battery exceeds the upper limit of the charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window, the sodium ions cannot be completely embedded in the whole positive electrode material, so that metal sodium is precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode material, that is, sodium precipitation or sodium plating.

[0125] The target charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window of the target battery can include but is not limited to the first charging rate, or a charging rate that differs from the first charging rate by a preset charging rate difference.

[0126] In some embodiments, the processing device can determine the concentration polarization potential of the target battery under the first charging rate, and determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate when the current anode potential, the current internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential meet the preset condition. Since there is a concentration polarization potential inside the battery, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined based on the anode potential, the internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential of the battery under the first charging rate at the target SOC, which is beneficial to further improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0127] The concentration polarization potential is a potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the target battery caused by the change of the concentration of various particles participating in the electrochemical reaction in the electrolyte inside the target battery, that is, the concentration of the electrolyte inside the target battery changes before and after charging.

[0128] The preset condition can include but is not limited to a second potential difference value of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential being less than a second preset range, or the second potential difference value being 0.

[0129] The second preset range can be used to represent a minimum potential difference value of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential when the target battery is in the lithium precipitation state during the charging process.

[0130] The scheme provided in the application is that, under the target state of charge, the target battery is charged according to the first charging rate, and the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate are determined, and in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet the preset condition, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the first charging rate. In the battery charging process, the battery thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential is 0 millivolt, and in the case that the battery appears lithium precipitation, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the target state of charge and according to the first charging rate, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0131] Please refer to FIG. 4, which shows a flow chart of the lithium precipitation window determination method provided in another embodiment of the application. In a specific embodiment, the lithium precipitation window determination method can be applied to the processing device 300 in the lithium precipitation window determination system. In the following, the processing device 300 will be taken as an example to elaborate the flow shown in FIG. 4 in detail. The lithium precipitation window determination method can include the following steps 210 to 260.

[0132] Step 210: Determine the first corresponding relationship of the target battery under the target state of charge.

[0133] In the embodiment, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, the processing device can determine the first corresponding relationship of the target battery under the target SOC.

[0134] Specifically, in the case that the user needs to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery, the processing device can determine a plurality of anode potentials of the target battery under the target SOC and charged by a plurality of preset charging rates, and determine the first corresponding relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of anode potentials. The first corresponding relationship is determined according to the plurality of preset charging rates of the target battery under the target SOC and the corresponding plurality of anode potentials, which improves the accuracy of the first corresponding relationship.

[0135] Each preset charging rate can correspond to one anode potential.

[0136] In the case that the target battery is in the target SOC, the processing device can respectively collect one anode potential after the target battery is charged for a preset time length based on each preset charging rate, so as to obtain a plurality of anode potentials. Each anode potential is a measured potential in the charging process of the corresponding each preset charging rate, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the first corresponding relationship determined according to the plurality of anode potentials and the plurality of preset charging rates.

[0137] Step 220: Determine the second corresponding relationship of the target battery under the target state of charge.

[0138] In the embodiment, the processing device can determine the second correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target SOC.

[0139] Specifically, the processing device can determine a plurality of internal resistance potentials of the target battery at the target SOC under a plurality of preset charging rates, and determine the second correspondence relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of internal resistance potentials, so as to improve the accuracy of the second correspondence relationship.

[0140] Each preset charging rate can correspond to an internal resistance potential.

[0141] The processing device can determine the current cell impedance of the target battery at the target SOC, and determine an internal resistance potential according to each preset charging rate and the current cell impedance, so as to obtain the plurality of internal resistance potentials, and improve the accuracy of the internal resistance potential.

[0142] The processing device can perform impedance testing on the target battery when the target battery is at the target SOC, so as to obtain the current cell impedance, which is beneficial to improve the calculation accuracy of the internal resistance potential according to the current cell impedance.

[0143] It can be understood that the impedance testing is Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) testing, and the EIS testing is an analysis method for studying the relationship between the electrochemical AC impedance and the frequency according to the small amplitude AC excitation signal in the form of sine law under the condition that the electrochemical battery is in the equilibrium state (open circuit state) or under the condition of certain stable direct current polarization.

[0144] As an example, a small current can be used to adjust the cell capacity of the target battery to any SOC state, and the target battery is left for ten minutes to restore the steady state, and a very small AC signal (for example, an AC signal with a frequency of 400Hz-150mHz) is applied to disturb the target battery, and the current cell impedance change of the target battery is measured to obtain the cell ohmic impedance value of the target battery, which is denoted as R Ω .

[0145] Step 230: charging the target battery according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge.

[0146] Step 240: determining the current anode potential according to the first correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate.

[0147] Step 250: determining a current internal resistance potential according to the second correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate.

[0148] Step 260: determining a lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition.

[0149] In the embodiment, steps 230, 240, 250 and 260 can refer to the content of the corresponding steps in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be described here again.

[0150] In an application scenario, the target SOC of the target battery is 80%, the battery capacity of the target battery is 0.2 ampere hours (Ah), the cell impedance R Ω = 0.24Ω.

[0151] The plurality of preset charging rates include a 0.4C charging rate, a 0.8C charging rate and a 1.2C charging rate, the preset time length is 10s, the plurality of anode potentials include a first anode potential, a second anode potential and a third anode potential, the plurality of internal resistance potentials include a first internal resistance potential, a second internal resistance potential and a third internal resistance potential, the 0.4C charging rate corresponds to the first anode potential and the first internal resistance potential, the 0.8C charging rate corresponds to the second anode potential and the second internal resistance potential, and the 1.2C charging rate corresponds to the third anode potential and the third internal resistance potential.

[0152] When the target battery is charged at the 0.4C charging rate, the first anode potential of 0.0396V is collected, and the first internal resistance potential is calculated according to the 0.4C charging rate, the battery capacity and the cell impedance R Ω = -0.4C·0.2Ah·0.24Ω = -0.0192V.

[0153] When the target battery is charged at the 0.8C charging rate, the second anode potential of -0.0155V is collected, and the second internal resistance potential is calculated according to the 0.8C charging rate, the battery capacity and the cell impedance R Ω = -0.8C·0.2Ah·0.24Ω = -0.0384V.

[0154] When the target battery is charged at the 1.2C charging rate, the third anode potential of -0.0406V is collected, and the third internal resistance potential is calculated according to the 1.2C charging rate, the battery capacity and the cell impedance R Ω = -1.2C·0.2Ah·0.24Ω = -0.0576V.

[0155] According to the 0.4C charging rate and the corresponding first anode potential 0.0396V, the 0.8C charging rate and the corresponding second anode potential-0.0155V, and the 1.2C and the corresponding third anode potential-0.0406V, the anode potential change curve can be determined, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 5.

[0156] According to the 0.4C charging rate and the corresponding first internal resistance potential-0.0192V, the 0.8C charging rate and the corresponding second internal resistance potential-0.0384V, and the 1.2C and the corresponding third internal resistance potential-0.0576V, the internal resistance potential change curve can be determined, as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 5.

[0157] The intersection of the anode potential change curve and the internal resistance potential change curve corresponds to the charging rate of 1.428C, and the charging rate 1.428C corresponding to the intersection is determined as the lithium precipitation window of the target battery.

[0158] The intersection of the anode potential change curve and the horizontal axis is the lithium precipitation window obtained by the battery thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential (0mV method) test, that is, the lithium precipitation window obtained by the 0mV method test at the target state of charge 80% is 0.72C, which has a large deviation from the true lithium precipitation window of the target battery.

[0159] The scheme provided in the embodiment determines the first corresponding relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge, and determines the second corresponding relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge, and at the target state of charge, charges the target battery according to the first charging rate, determines the current anode potential according to the first corresponding relationship and the first charging rate of the target battery, and determines the current internal resistance potential according to the second corresponding relationship and the first charging rate of the target battery, and in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet the preset condition, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the first charging rate, in the battery charging process, the battery thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential is 0 millivolt, in the case that the battery appears lithium precipitation, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close, based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery at the target state of charge according to the first charging rate, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0160] Further, the first corresponding relationship and the second corresponding relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge are calibrated in advance, so as to determine the current anode potential according to the first corresponding relationship, and determine the current internal resistance potential according to the second corresponding relationship, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential.

[0161] Please refer to FIG. 6, which shows a flowchart of the method for determining the lithium precipitation window according to another embodiment of the present application. In specific embodiments, the method for determining the lithium precipitation window can be applied to the processing device 300 in the system for determining the lithium precipitation window. In the following, the flowchart shown in FIG. 6 will be described in detail with the processing device 300 as an example. The method for determining the lithium precipitation window can include the following steps 310 to 350.

[0162] Step 310: Charging the target battery at the target state of charge according to a first charging rate.

[0163] Step 320: Determining the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate.

[0164] Step 330: Determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate when the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet preset conditions.

[0165] In the present embodiment, the steps 310, 320 and 330 can refer to the contents of the corresponding steps in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be described herein again.

[0166] Step 340: Obtaining the anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cyclic charging and discharging.

[0167] In the present embodiment, the processing device can obtain the anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cyclic charging and discharging.

[0168] In the present embodiment, the charging process of each cycle of charging and discharging starts from the target SOC as the initial charging state and charges the target battery for a preset time duration based on the target charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window.

[0169] In some embodiments, the system for determining the lithium precipitation window can further include a camera for image acquisition of the anode of the target battery. The camera is in communication connection with the processing device and performs data interaction with the processing device.

[0170] After the target battery undergoes a preset number of cycles of charging and discharging, the processing device can send a third acquisition instruction to the camera. The camera receives and responds to the third acquisition instruction to perform image acquisition of the anode of the target battery, obtains the anode image, and sends the anode image to the processing device. The processing device receives the anode image returned by the camera.

[0171] In the present embodiment, the camera can include, but is not limited to, any one of a wide-angle camera, a macro camera, an ultra-wide-angle camera, or a panoramic camera, etc.

[0172] In some embodiments, the processing device can generate upload prompt information and receive the anode image uploaded by the user according to the upload prompt information. In some embodiments, the processing device can generate upload prompt information and receive the anode image uploaded by the user according to the upload prompt information.

[0173] The uploading prompt information can be used to prompt the user to upload the anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cycles of charge and discharge to the processing device. The uploading prompt information can include, but is not limited to, at least one of sound prompt information, text prompt information, or light prompt information.

[0174] Step 350: Determine whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate according to the anode image.

[0175] In this embodiment, the processing device can determine whether the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is accurate according to the anode image. Based on the anode image after a preset number of cycles of charge and discharge, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is verified, which is beneficial to further improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0176] In the case where the anode image contains the lithium precipitation image, it is determined that the lithium precipitation window is accurate; in the case where the anode image does not contain the lithium precipitation image, it is determined that the lithium precipitation window is not accurate. Based on whether the anode image after the cycle of charge and discharge contains the lithium precipitation image, the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window is judged, which improves the accuracy of the judgment result.

[0177] The scheme provided in this embodiment is that, under a target state of charge, the target battery is charged according to a first charge rate, and the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charge rate are determined. In the case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the first charge rate, and the anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cycles of charge and discharge is obtained, and whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate is determined according to the anode image. In the process of battery charging, the battery thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential is 0 millivolt. In the case where the battery precipitates lithium, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the target state of charge and charged according to the first charge rate, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is beneficial to improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0178] Further, the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is verified based on the anode image after a preset number of cycles of charge and discharge, which is beneficial to further improve the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0179] Please refer to FIG. 7, which shows a flowchart of an energy recovery method according to an embodiment of the present application. In specific embodiments, the energy recovery method can be applied to the processing device 300 in the lithium precipitation window determination system. In the following, the processing device 300 will be taken as an example to elaborate the flowchart shown in FIG. 7 in detail. The energy recovery method can include the following steps 410 to 420.

[0180] Step 410: In the case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, determine the current charge rate according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery.

[0181] In the embodiment, the processing device can determine the current charging rate according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery in a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives the braking instruction.

[0182] The current charging rate is obtained according to the first charging rate in a case where the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential of the vehicle battery at the first charging rate satisfy a preset condition.

[0183] Specifically, the vehicle can be configured with a lithium precipitation window determination system. In a case where it is determined that the braking instruction is received, the processing device can send a fourth charging instruction carrying the first charging rate to the charging device. The charging device receives and responds to the fourth charging rate, and charges the vehicle battery according to the first charging rate. The processing device sends a fourth acquisition instruction to the BMS. The BMS receives and responds to the fourth acquisition instruction, and acquires the potential of the anode of the vehicle battery to obtain the target anode potential, and sends the target anode potential to the processing device. The processing device receives the target anode potential returned by the BMS, and calculates the target internal resistance potential according to the target cell impedance of the vehicle battery and the first charging rate. In a case where the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential satisfy a preset condition, the current charging rate is determined according to the first charging rate.

[0184] The preset condition can include but is not limited to that a third potential difference value between the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential is less than a third preset range, or the third potential difference value is 0, etc.

[0185] The third preset range can be used to represent the minimum potential difference value between the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential in a case where the vehicle battery precipitates lithium during charging.

[0186] In some embodiments, when the driver needs to brake the vehicle, the driver can step on the brake pedal of the vehicle. The brake pedal generates a braking signal, and reports the braking signal to the processing device. The processing device determines that the vehicle receives the braking instruction according to the received braking signal, and determines the current charging rate according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery.

[0187] Step 420: controlling the vehicle to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate.

[0188] In the embodiment, the processing device can control the vehicle to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate. In the energy recovery process of the vehicle, the vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery, so as to avoid that an excessive pulse current causes an impact on the vehicle battery and leads to a performance decline of the vehicle battery, and to be beneficial to improve the service life of the vehicle battery.

[0189] The scheme provided by the embodiment is that, in a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, the current charging rate is determined according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery, and the vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate. In the energy recovery process of the vehicle, the vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery, so as to avoid that an excessively large pulse current causes an impact on the vehicle battery and leads to a performance decline of the vehicle battery, and to be beneficial to improving the service life of the vehicle battery.

[0190] Please refer to FIG. 8, which shows a lithium precipitation window determination apparatus 500 provided by an embodiment of the present application. In a specific embodiment, the lithium precipitation window determination apparatus 500 can be applied to the processing device 300 in the lithium precipitation window determination system. In the following, the lithium precipitation window determination apparatus 500 shown in FIG. 8 will be described in detail by taking the processing device 300 as an example. The lithium precipitation window determination apparatus 500 can include a charging module 510, a first potential determination module 520, and a window determination module 530.

[0191] The charging module 510 can be configured to charge a target battery at a target state of charge according to a first charging rate. The first potential determination module 520 can be configured to determine a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate. The window determination module 530 can be configured to determine a lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential satisfy a preset condition.

[0192] In some embodiments, the first potential determination module 520 can include a first determination unit and a second determination unit.

[0193] The first determination unit can be configured to determine the current anode potential according to a first correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate. The first correspondence relationship can be configured to represent a correspondence relationship between a charging rate and an anode potential of the target battery at the target state of charge. The second determination unit can be configured to determine the current internal resistance potential according to a second correspondence relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate. The second correspondence relationship can be configured to represent a correspondence relationship between a charging rate and an internal resistance potential of the target battery at the target state of charge.

[0194] In some embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination apparatus 500 can further include a first relationship determination module and a second relationship determination module.

[0195] The first relationship determination module can be configured to determine the first correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge before the charging module 510 charges the target battery at the target state of charge according to the first charging rate. The second relationship determination module can be configured to determine the second correspondence relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge.

[0196] In some embodiments, the first relationship determining module can include a third determining unit and a fourth determining unit.

[0197] The third determining unit can be configured to determine a plurality of anode potentials of the target battery charged at a plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge, each preset charging rate can correspond to one anode potential; and the fourth determining unit can be configured to determine the first corresponding relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of anode potentials.

[0198] In some embodiments, the third determining unit can include an acquisition subunit.

[0199] The acquisition subunit can be configured to acquire one anode potential after charging the target battery at each preset charging rate for a preset time duration, to obtain the plurality of anode potentials, when the target battery is at the target state of charge.

[0200] In some embodiments, the second relationship determining module can include a fifth determining unit and a sixth determining unit.

[0201] The fifth determining unit can be configured to determine a plurality of internal resistance potentials of the target battery charged at a plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge, each preset charging rate can correspond to one internal resistance potential; and the sixth determining unit can be configured to determine the second corresponding relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

[0202] In some embodiments, the fifth determining unit can include a first determining subunit and a second determining subunit.

[0203] The first determining subunit can be configured to determine a current cell impedance of the target battery at the target state of charge; and the second determining subunit can be configured to determine one internal resistance potential according to each preset charging rate and the current cell impedance, to obtain the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

[0204] In some embodiments, the first determining subunit can include a test secondary subunit.

[0205] The test secondary subunit can be configured to perform impedance test on the target battery to obtain the current cell impedance, when the target battery is at the target state of charge.

[0206] In some embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determining device 500 can further include an acquisition module and an accuracy determining module.

[0207] The acquisition module can be configured to acquire an anode image of the target battery after a preset number of cyclic charging and discharging, the charging process of each cyclic charging and discharging can be at a target state of charge as a starting charging state, and the target battery can be charged for a preset time duration based on a target charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window; and the accuracy determining module can be configured to determine whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate according to the anode image.

[0208] In some embodiments, the accuracy determination module can comprise a seventh determination unit and an eighth determination unit.

[0209] The seventh determination unit can be configured to determine that the lithium precipitation window is accurate in the case that the anode image contains the lithium precipitation image; and the eighth determination unit can be configured to determine that the lithium precipitation window is inaccurate in the case that the anode image does not contain the lithium precipitation image.

[0210] In some embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination apparatus 500 can further comprise a charging control module and a processing module.

[0211] The charging control module can be configured to control the target battery to be charged to a full charge state before the charging module 510 charges the target battery at the target state of charge according to the first charging rate; and the processing module can be configured to discharge the target battery in the full charge state until the target battery is in the target state of charge.

[0212] In some embodiments, the lithium precipitation window determination apparatus 500 can further comprise a second potential determination module.

[0213] The second potential determination module can be configured to determine the concentration polarization potential of the target battery under the first charging rate before the window determination module 530 determines the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential satisfy a preset condition.

[0214] In some embodiments, the window determination module 530 can comprise a ninth determination unit.

[0215] The ninth determination unit can be configured to determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in the case that the current anode potential, the current internal resistance potential and the concentration polarization potential satisfy a preset condition.

[0216] The scheme provided by the embodiment can charge the target battery according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge, and determine the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate, and determine the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential satisfy a preset condition. In the process of charging the battery, the thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential of the battery is 0 millivolt, and in the case that the battery precipitates lithium, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the first charging rate at the target state of charge, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is conducive to improving the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0217] Please refer to FIG. 9, which shows an energy recovery device 600 provided by an embodiment of the present application. In specific embodiments, the energy recovery device 600 can be applied to the processing device 300 in the lithium precipitation window determination system. In the following, the energy recovery device 600 shown in FIG. 9 will be described in detail by taking the processing device 300 as an example. The energy recovery device 600 can include a charging rate determination module 610 and an energy recovery control module 620.

[0218] The charging rate determination module 610 can be configured to determine a current charging rate according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery in a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction. The current charging rate can be obtained according to a first charging rate in a case where the target anode potential and the target internal resistance potential of the battery under the first charging rate satisfy a preset condition. The energy recovery control module 620 can be configured to control the vehicle to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate.

[0219] The scheme provided by the embodiment can determine a current charging rate according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery in a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, and control the vehicle to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate. In the energy recovery process of the vehicle, the vehicle is controlled to perform energy recovery according to the lithium precipitation window of the vehicle battery, so as to avoid that a too large pulse current causes an impact on the vehicle battery and leads to a performance decline of the vehicle battery, and to be beneficial to improving the service life of the vehicle battery.

[0220] It should be noted that each of the embodiments in the present specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the part of the method embodiment. For any processing manner described in the method embodiment, it can be realized by a corresponding processing module in the device embodiment, and the device embodiment will not be described one by one.

[0221] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing module, or each module can exist physically, or two or more modules can be integrated in one module. The integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module.

[0222] Referring to FIG. 10, a functional block diagram of an electronic device 700 is shown, which can include one or more of the following components: a memory 710, a processor 720, and one or more application programs, which can be stored in the memory 710 and configured to be executed by the one or more processors 720, and the one or more application programs are configured to perform the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0223] The memory 710 can include a random access memory (RAM) and can also include a read-only memory (ROM). The memory 710 can be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 710 can include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function (such as charging a target battery, determining a current anode potential, determining a current internal resistance potential, determining a lithium precipitation window, determining a first correspondence relationship, determining a second correspondence relationship, determining a plurality of anode potentials, collecting a plurality of anode potentials, determining a plurality of internal resistance potentials, determining a current battery impedance, obtaining a plurality of internal resistance potentials, impedance testing, obtaining a current battery impedance, obtaining an anode image, cycling a preset number of times, charging for a preset time period, determining whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate, determining that the lithium precipitation window is accurate, determining that the lithium precipitation window is not accurate, controlling the target battery to charge, discharging the target battery, determining a concentration polarization potential, determining that a braking instruction is received, determining a current charging rate, and controlling vehicle energy recovery), instructions for implementing each of the following method embodiments, and the like. The data storage area can also store data created by the electronic device 700 in use (such as a target state of charge, a first charging rate, a target battery, a current anode potential, a current internal resistance potential, a preset condition, a lithium precipitation window, a first correspondence relationship, a second correspondence relationship, a plurality of preset charging rates, a plurality of anode potentials, a plurality of internal resistance potentials, a current battery impedance, a preset number of times, an anode image, a starting state of charge, a target charging rate, a preset time period, a full state of charge, a concentration polarization potential, a vehicle, a braking instruction, a vehicle battery, a current charging rate, a target anode potential, and a target internal resistance potential), and the like.

[0224] The processor 720 can include one or more processing cores. The processor 720 connects various parts within the entire electronic device 700 with various interfaces and lines, performs various functions of the electronic device 700 and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 710, and calling data stored in the memory 710. Optionally, the processor 720 can be implemented in at least one of a hardware form of a digital signal processing (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA). The processor 720 can integrate a combination of one or several of a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, and an application program; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing display content; and the modem is used for processing wireless communication. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem can also not be integrated into the processor 720, but can be implemented by a separate communication chip.

[0225] Referring to FIG. 11, a structural block diagram of a computer readable storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The computer readable storage medium 800 stores program code 810, which can be called and executed by a processor to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0226] The computer readable storage medium 800 can be an electronic storage such as a flash memory, an EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), an EPROM, a hard disk, or a ROM. Optionally, the computer readable storage medium 800 includes a non-volatile computer readable medium. The computer readable storage medium 800 has a storage space for program code 810 to perform any of the above methods. These program codes can be read from or written to one or more computer program products. The program code 810 can be compressed in an appropriate form, for example.

[0227] Referring to FIG. 12, a structural block diagram of a computer program product 900 is shown. The computer program product 900 includes computer programs / instructions 910 stored in a computer readable storage medium of a computer device. When the computer program product 900 runs on the computer device, the processor of the computer device reads the computer programs / instructions 910 from the computer readable storage medium, and executes the computer programs / instructions 910, so that the computer device performs the method described in the above method embodiments.

[0228] The scheme provided in the embodiment determines the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate, and determines the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in the case that the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet the preset condition. In the battery charging process, the thermodynamic lithium precipitation potential of the battery is 0 millivolt. In the case that the battery precipitates lithium, the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery become very close. Based on the anode potential and the internal resistance potential of the battery under the target state of charge and the first charging rate, the lithium precipitation window of the battery is determined, which is conducive to improving the determination accuracy of the lithium precipitation window.

[0229] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not drive the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A lithium extraction window determination method, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: charging the target battery according to a first charging rate at a target state of charge; determining a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery charged at the first charging rate; determining a lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate when the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet preset conditions.

2. The lithium plating window determination method of claim 1, wherein, The method for determining the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential of the target battery charged at the first charging rate comprises the following steps: determining the current anode potential according to a first corresponding relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate, wherein the first corresponding relationship is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the charging rate and the anode potential of the target battery at the target state of charge; determining the current internal resistance potential according to a second corresponding relationship of the target battery and the first charging rate, wherein the second corresponding relationship is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the charging rate and the internal resistance potential of the target battery at the target state of charge.

3. The lithium plating window determination method of claim 2, wherein, The method for determining the lithium precipitation window before charging the target battery according to the first charging rate at the target state of charge further comprises the following steps: determining the first corresponding relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge; determining the second corresponding relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge.

4. The lithium plating window determination method of claim 3, wherein, The method for determining the first corresponding relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge comprises the following steps: determining a plurality of anode potentials of the target battery charged at a plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge, wherein each preset charging rate corresponds to one anode potential; determining the first corresponding relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of anode potentials.

5. The lithium plating window determination method of claim 4, wherein, The method for determining the plurality of anode potentials of the target battery charged at the plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge comprises the following steps: collecting the one anode potential after charging the target battery based on each preset charging rate for a preset time length to obtain the plurality of anode potentials when the target battery is at the target state of charge.

6. The lithium plating window determination method of any one of claim 3, wherein, The method for determining the second corresponding relationship of the target battery at the target state of charge comprises the following steps: determining a plurality of internal resistance potentials of the target battery charged at a plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge, wherein each preset charging rate corresponds to one internal resistance potential; determining the second corresponding relationship according to the plurality of preset charging rates and the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

7. The lithium plating window determination method of claim 6, wherein, The method for determining the plurality of internal resistance potentials of the target battery charged at the plurality of preset charging rates at the target state of charge comprises the following steps: determining a current cell impedance of the target battery at the target state of charge; determining the one internal resistance potential according to each preset charging rate and the current cell impedance to obtain the plurality of internal resistance potentials.

8. The lithium plating window determination method of claim 7, wherein, The method for determining the current cell impedance of the target battery at the target state of charge comprises the following steps: performing impedance testing on the target battery to obtain the current cell impedance when the target battery is at the target state of charge.

9. The lithium plating window determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The method further comprises the following steps: acquire an anode image of the target battery after the target battery undergoes a preset number of cyclic charging and discharging, a charging process of each cycle of the cyclic charging and discharging starts from the target state of charge, and the target battery is charged for a preset time duration based on a target charging rate corresponding to the lithium precipitation window; determine whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate according to the anode image.

10. The lithium plating window determination method of claim 9, wherein, The determining whether the lithium precipitation window is accurate according to the anode image includes: in a case where the anode image contains a lithium precipitation image, determining that the lithium precipitation window is accurate; in a case where the anode image does not contain a lithium precipitation image, determining that the lithium precipitation window is not accurate.

11. The lithium plating window determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The lithium precipitation window determination method further includes, before the target battery is charged at the first charging rate under the target state of charge: controlling the target battery to be charged to a full state of charge; discharging the target battery in the full state of charge until the target battery is in the target state of charge.

12. The lithium plating window determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The lithium precipitation window determination method further includes, before the lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition: determining a concentration polarization potential of the target battery under the first charging rate. The determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition includes: determining the lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential, the current internal resistance potential, and the concentration polarization potential meet a preset condition.

13. An energy recovery method, wherein, includes: in a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, determining a current charging rate according to a lithium precipitation window of a vehicle battery, the current charging rate being obtained according to a first charging rate in a case where a target anode potential and a target internal resistance potential of the vehicle battery under the first charging rate meet a preset condition; controlling the vehicle to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate.

14. A lithium extraction window determination apparatus, wherein, includes: a charging module configured to charge a target battery according to a first charging rate under a target state of charge; a first potential determination module configured to determine a current anode potential and a current internal resistance potential of the target battery under the first charging rate; a window determination module configured to determine a lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the first charging rate in a case where the current anode potential and the current internal resistance potential meet a preset condition.

15. An energy recovery device, wherein, includes: a charging rate determination module configured to determine a current charging rate according to a lithium precipitation window of a vehicle battery in a case where it is determined that the vehicle receives a braking instruction, the current charging rate being obtained according to a first charging rate in a case where a target anode potential and a target internal resistance potential of the vehicle battery under the first charging rate meet a preset condition; an energy recovery control module configured to control the vehicle to perform energy recovery according to the current charging rate.

16. An electronic device, comprising: includes: a memory; one or more processors coupled to the memory. One or more application programs, wherein the one or more application programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more application programs are configured to perform the lithium extraction window determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or the energy recovery method according to claim 13.

17. A computer readable storage medium, wherein, The computer readable storage medium stores program codes, the program codes can be called and executed by the processor to perform the lithium extraction window determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or the energy recovery method according to claim 13.

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