Beam monitoring method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and provides a beam monitoring method and apparatus. In the method, a terminal device sends first information. The first information comprises metric gap information between target monitoring performance obtained on the basis of exhaustive monitoring of a beam set and target monitoring performance obtained on the basis of subset monitoring of the beam set, or the first information indicates configuration information of the subset. The first information indicates a subset of a beam set that can be used for performing performance monitoring. This allows for an RAN node to flexibly determine, according to first information, a subset of a beam set used for performing performance monitoring, so as to approach or achieve the effect of performing performance monitoring over the full beam set, thereby reducing overhead for performing performance monitoring in communication systems while ensuring reliability of performance monitoring results.

Description

Beam monitoring method and apparatus

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411397443.9, filed on September 30, 2024, and entitled “Beam monitoring method and apparatus”, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a beam monitoring method and apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0003] In a communication system, especially in high frequency communication such as millimeter wave, network side nodes, such as radio access network (RAN) nodes, need to communicate with terminal devices through beams, and therefore need to frequently determine the beams that can be used through beam scanning and other beam management processes. One way of beam management is to implement prediction-based beam management through terminal device prediction, for example, to implement AI prediction-based beam management through artificial intelligence (AI). In this way, the network side node needs to monitor the beam management process on the terminal device side to determine the reliability of the prediction-based beam management on the terminal device side. For example, the monitoring indicators can include the accuracy of beam prediction, the reference signal received power (RSRP) difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam, and the like.

[0004] However, in the beam monitoring process, the size of the beam set to be monitored is large, and if the entire set of beams to be monitored is monitored, a large amount of transmission resources and computing overheads are required. Therefore, how to reduce the overhead of performance monitoring of beams in a communication system is still a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a beam monitoring method and apparatus, wherein a terminal device sends a performance difference between a subset monitoring indicator and a full set monitoring indicator, or configuration information that can be used for subset monitoring, to a radio access node, so that the radio access node can determine a beam set for subset monitoring according to the performance difference or the configuration information, thereby reducing the overhead of performance monitoring of beams in a communication system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a beam monitoring method, which can be executed by a terminal device, by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system of the terminal device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the terminal device. Hereinafter, the method is taken as an example for description.

[0008] The method can comprise: the terminal device sending first information, the first information indicating one or more of the following: index gap information between a first monitoring index corresponding to a first beam set and a second monitoring index corresponding to a second beam set, or configuration information of the second beam set; the index gap information being used to reflect a performance difference between a target monitoring performance based on the first beam set and a target monitoring performance based on the second beam set, the second beam set being a subset of the first beam set; and the first information being used to determine a beam set for performance monitoring.

[0009] In the beam monitoring method provided by the first aspect, the terminal device indicates, through the first information, the index gap information between the first monitoring index corresponding to the first beam set and the second monitoring index corresponding to the second beam set, or the configuration information of the second beam set. Since the second beam set is a subset of the first beam set, the first information can be used to determine the closeness between the first monitoring index based on the first beam set and the second monitoring index based on the second beam set. Further, the wireless access node can flexibly select a beam for performance monitoring according to the first information and feed back the selected beam set to the terminal device, so that the terminal device uses the beam set selected based on the first information for performance monitoring. In this way, the terminal device can achieve an effect close to or reaching the effect of performance monitoring based on the first beam set, and the scale of the beam for performance monitoring is reduced. In summary, the beam monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present application can ensure the reliability of the performance monitoring result while reducing the overhead of performance monitoring in the communication system.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving, by the terminal device, second information, the second information indicating a third beam set, wherein the third beam set is used for performance monitoring, and the third beam set is the first beam set, the second beam set, or a subset of the second beam set. Based on this, the terminal device can perform performance monitoring through the third beam set indicated by the second information. Since the third beam set is determined according to the first information, in the case where the third beam set is the second beam set or a subset of the second beam set, the effect of performance monitoring based on the third beam set is close to or reaches the effect of performance monitoring based on the first beam set, but the scale of beams used for performance monitoring is reduced, and therefore, the terminal device performing performance monitoring based on the third beam set can guarantee the reliability of the performance monitoring result and reduce the overhead of performance monitoring in the communication system.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the configuration information of the second beam set is configuration information of a second beam set supported by the terminal device. Based on this, the beam set selected by the wireless access point for performance monitoring based on the first information can be a beam set supported by the terminal device, so that performance monitoring of the terminal device based on the supported beam set can be guaranteed.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the first beam set is a set of beams predicted by the terminal device. Based on this, the prediction result of the terminal device can be the first beam set or a target monitoring performance corresponding to the first beam set, that is, the first beam set is the full set of the set of beams predicted by the terminal device.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the configuration information of the second beam set includes one or more of the following: a number of beams of the second beam set, a beam pattern of the second beam set, a selection manner of the second beam set, or information of any one of at least one available beam, wherein the at least one available beam belongs to the second beam set. In other words, in the embodiment of the application, the second beam set can be determined through the number of beams of the second beam set, the beam pattern of the second beam set, the selection manner of the second beam set, or the information of any one of at least one available beam.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the first monitoring indicator is determined based on a first measurement result corresponding to the first beam set and a first prediction result, wherein the first prediction result corresponds to a beam belonging to the first beam set or a beam limited within the first beam set. Based on this, the terminal device can determine the first monitoring indicator by determining the gap between the first measurement result and the first prediction result of the first beam set, and the first monitoring indicator represents the reliability of the first prediction result. The first prediction result corresponds to the first beam set or a prediction result when determining the target monitoring performance corresponding to the first beam set.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the second monitoring indicator is determined based on a second measurement result corresponding to the second beam set and a second prediction result, wherein the second prediction result corresponds to a beam belonging to the second beam set or a beam limited within the second beam set. Based on this, the terminal device can determine the second monitoring indicator by determining the gap between the second measurement result and the second prediction result of the second beam set, and the second monitoring indicator represents the reliability of the second prediction result. That is, the second prediction result corresponds to the second beam set or a prediction result when determining the target monitoring performance corresponding to the second beam set.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the first prediction result or the second prediction result is obtained through AI prediction.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set is greater than a first threshold. In other words, in the embodiment of the application, when the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result is greater than the first threshold, the terminal device determines the second monitoring indicator; when the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result is less than or equal to the first threshold, the terminal device no longer determines the subsequent second monitoring indicator, thereby improving the effectiveness of using the second monitoring indicator, so as to effectively reduce the calculation overhead of the terminal device while ensuring the accuracy of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving, by the terminal device, third information, wherein the third information indicates a first threshold corresponding to the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set. Based on this, the first threshold used by the terminal device to determine the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result can be indicated by the received third information, so that the determination manner of the first threshold is more flexible.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the sending the first information comprises: in a case where the index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index is less than a second threshold, sending the first information, wherein the index gap information is determined according to the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index. In other words, in the embodiment of the present application, in a case where the index gap information is less than the second threshold, the terminal device sends the first information to report the index gap information or the configuration information of the second beam set corresponding to the index gap information; in a case where the index gap information is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the terminal device does not send the first information. The effectiveness of using the first information is improved. Since the index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index is small, it can be indicated that the effect of performance monitoring based on the first beam set is close to or reaches the effect of performance monitoring based on the second beam set, and therefore, based on the above scheme, the calculation overhead of the terminal device can be effectively reduced while ensuring the reliability of the performance monitoring result.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises: receiving, by the terminal device, fourth information, the fourth information indicating a second threshold corresponding to the index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index. Based on this, the second threshold used by the terminal device for judging the index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index can be indicated by the received fourth information, so that the determination manner of the second threshold is more flexible.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises: receiving, by the terminal device, first indication information, the first indication information being used for indicating the configuration information of the beam set. Based on this, the terminal device can determine the second beam set used for performance monitoring from the beam set corresponding to the configuration information of the beam set. Therefore, the overhead of the terminal device for determining the second beam set and sending the first information is reduced.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the first monitoring index comprises one or more of the following: the accuracy of prediction of the best beam or the best K beams, the RSRP difference between the predicted best beam or the best K beams and the actual best beam or the best K beams, the RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam; the second monitoring index comprises one or more of the following: the accuracy of prediction of the best beam or the best K beams, the RSRP difference between the predicted best beam or the best K beams and the actual best beam or the best K beams, the RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam; and the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index have a corresponding relationship. Based on this, in the process of determining the index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index, the terminal device needs to select a corresponding target monitoring performance, that is, the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index correspond to the same type of target monitoring performance, so as to ensure the comparability of the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the indicator gap information comprises one or more of: an average of the indicator gap between the first monitoring indicator and a second monitoring indicator; or, the indicator gap between the first monitoring indicator and a second monitoring indicator at different quantiles. The average of the indicator gap between the first monitoring indicator and a second monitoring indicator can reflect the indicator gap as a whole; and the indicator gap between the first monitoring indicator and a second monitoring indicator at different quantiles reflects the indicator gap from a local perspective. In other words, in the embodiments of the application, the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and a second monitoring indicator can be represented by the indicator gap as a whole or the indicator gap from a local perspective.

[0024] In a second aspect, the application provides a beam monitoring method. The method can be executed by a wireless access node, or by a component of the wireless access node, such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system of the wireless access node, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the wireless access node. The method is described below by taking the execution of the method by the wireless access node as an example.

[0025] The method can comprise: receiving, by the wireless access node, first information, the first information indicating one or more of: indicator gap information of a first monitoring indicator and a second monitoring indicator, or configuration information of a second beam set; wherein the indicator gap information is used to reflect a performance difference between a target monitoring performance based on a first beam set and a target monitoring performance based on a second beam set, and the second beam set is a subset of the first beam set; and wherein the first information is used to determine a beam set for performance monitoring.

[0026] In the beam monitoring method provided in the second aspect, the wireless access node receives first information. The first information indicates the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator corresponding to the first beam set and the second monitoring indicator corresponding to the second beam set, or the configuration information of the second beam set. Since the second beam set is a subset of the first beam set, the first information can be used to determine the closeness between the first monitoring indicator based on the first beam set and the second monitoring indicator based on the second beam set. Further, the wireless access node can flexibly select a beam for performance monitoring according to the first information and feed back the selected beam set to the terminal device, so that the terminal device uses the beam set selected based on the first information for performance monitoring. In this way, the terminal device can achieve an effect close to or reaching the effect of performance monitoring based on the first beam set, and the scale of the beam for performance monitoring is reduced. In summary, the beam monitoring method provided in the embodiments of the application can reduce the overhead of performance monitoring in a communication system while ensuring the reliability of the performance monitoring result.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: the wireless access node sending second information, the second information indicating a third beam set, wherein the third beam set is used for performance monitoring, and the third beam set is the first beam set, the second beam set, or a subset of the second beam set. Based on this, the wireless access node can indicate the third beam set used for performance monitoring through the second information. Since the third beam set is determined according to the first information, in the case where the third beam set is the second beam set or a subset of the second beam set, the effect of performance monitoring based on the third beam set is close to or reaches the effect of performance monitoring based on the first beam set, but the scale of beams used for performance monitoring is reduced, and therefore, performance monitoring based on the third beam set can guarantee the reliability of the performance monitoring result and also reduce the overhead of performance monitoring in the communication system.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the configuration information of the second beam set is configuration information of a second beam set supported by the terminal device. Based on this, the beam set selected by the wireless access node based on the first information for performance monitoring can be a beam set supported by the terminal device, so that performance monitoring based on the supported beam set by the terminal device can be guaranteed.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the first beam set is a set of beams predicted by the terminal device. Based on this, the first beam set is a prediction result obtained by the terminal device through prediction. Or the target monitoring performance corresponding to the first beam set is a prediction result obtained by the terminal device through prediction, that is, the first beam set is the full set of the beam set obtained by the terminal device through prediction.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the configuration information of the second beam set includes one or more of the following: a number of beams of the second beam set, a beam pattern of the second beam set, a selection manner of the second beam set, or information of any one of at least one available beam, wherein the at least one available beam belongs to the second beam set. In other words, in the embodiments of the present application, the second beam set can be determined through the number of beams of the second beam set, the beam pattern of the second beam set, the selection manner of the second beam set, or the information of any one of at least one available beam.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the first monitoring indicator is determined based on first measurement results corresponding to the first beam set and first prediction results, wherein the beams corresponding to the first prediction results belong to the first beam set or are limited within the first beam set. Based on this, the first monitoring indicator is determined by the gap between the first measurement results and the first prediction results of the first beam set, and the first monitoring indicator represents the reliability of the first prediction results. That is, the first prediction results correspond to the prediction results when determining the target monitoring performance of the first beam set.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the second monitoring indicator is determined based on second measurement results corresponding to the second beam set and second prediction results, wherein the beams corresponding to the second prediction results belong to the second beam set or are limited within the second beam set. Based on this, the second monitoring indicator is determined by the gap between the second measurement results and the second prediction results of the second beam set, and the second monitoring indicator represents the reliability of the second prediction results. That is, the second prediction results correspond to the prediction results when determining the target monitoring performance of the second beam set.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the first prediction results or the second prediction results are obtained by AI prediction.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: the wireless access node sends third information, and the third information indicates probability information or confidence corresponding to the first threshold of the second prediction results corresponding to the second beam set. Based on this, the wireless access node can flexibly adjust the first threshold and indicate it to the terminal device, so that the terminal device no longer performs subsequent processing when the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result is less than the first threshold, thereby improving the effectiveness of the second monitoring indicator and reducing the overhead of the terminal device.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: the wireless access node sends fourth information, and the fourth information indicates a second threshold corresponding to the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator. Based on this, the wireless access node can flexibly adjust the second threshold and indicate it to the terminal device, so that the terminal device no longer performs subsequent processing when the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator is greater than the second threshold, thereby improving the effectiveness of the first information and reducing the overhead of the terminal device.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: the wireless access node sending first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate configuration information of the beam set. Based on this, the wireless access node can indicate the configuration information of the beam set according to the service requirement, so that the terminal device can determine the second beam set for performance monitoring from the beam set corresponding to the configuration information of the beam set. Thereby, the overhead of the terminal device in determining the second beam set and sending the first information is reduced.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the first monitoring indicator includes one or more of the following: accuracy of prediction of the best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted best beam or the best K beams and the actual best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam; the second monitoring indicator includes one or more of the following: accuracy of prediction of the best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted best beam or the best K beams and the actual best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam; and the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator have a corresponding relationship. Based on this, the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator is determined according to the corresponding target monitoring performance, that is, the first monitoring indicator corresponds to which target monitoring performance, and the second monitoring indicator also corresponds to the same type of target monitoring performance, so as to ensure the comparability of the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the indicator gap information includes one or more of the following: average value of the indicator gap between the first monitoring indicator and one second monitoring indicator; or, the indicator gap between the first monitoring indicator and one second monitoring indicator at different quantiles. The average value of the indicator gap between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator can reflect the indicator gap as a whole, and the indicator gap between the first monitoring indicator and one second monitoring indicator at different quantiles reflects the indicator gap locally. In other words, in the embodiments of the present application, the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and one second monitoring indicator can be represented by the indicator gap as a whole or the indicator gap locally.

[0039] In a third aspect, a communication apparatus is provided for implementing the method in any of the preceding aspects. The communication apparatus can be the terminal device in the first aspect, or a device including the terminal device, or a chip included in the terminal device. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be the radio access node in the second aspect, or a device including the radio access node, or a chip included in the radio access node. The communication apparatus includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the method, which can be implemented by hardware, software, or by a combination of hardware and software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions described above.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus can include a processing module and an interface module. The processing module can be configured to perform the processing functions in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof. The processing module can be, for example, a processor. The interface module, which can also be referred to as an interface unit, is configured to perform the functions of transmitting and / or receiving in any of the preceding aspects and any possible implementation thereof. The interface module can be composed of an interface circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver, or a communication interface.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the interface module includes a transmitting module and a receiving module, which are configured to perform the functions of transmitting and receiving in any of the preceding aspects and any possible implementation thereof.

[0042] In a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to execute computer programs (or computer executable instructions) stored in the memory, and / or through a logic circuit, so that the communication apparatus performs the method in any of the preceding aspects. The communication apparatus can be the terminal device in the first aspect, or a device including the terminal device, or a chip included in the terminal device. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be the radio access node in the second aspect, or a device including the radio access node, or a chip included in the radio access node.

[0043] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus further includes a memory.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the processor and the memory are integrated together; or the memory is independent of the processor.

[0045] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus further includes a communication interface, which is configured to enable the communication apparatus to communicate with other devices, for example, to transmit or receive data and / or signals. Exemplarily, the communication interface can be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module, or other types of communication interfaces.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus is a chip or a chip system. Optionally, when the communication apparatus is a chip system, the chip system can be composed of a chip or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0047] In a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes a processor and an interface circuit; the interface circuit is configured to receive a computer program or instructions and transmit the computer program or instructions to the processor; the processor is configured to execute the computer program or instructions, so that the communication apparatus performs the method in any of the preceding aspects. The communication apparatus can be the terminal device in the first aspect, or an apparatus including the terminal device, or an apparatus included in the terminal device, such as a chip. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be the wireless access node in the second aspect, or an apparatus including the wireless access node, or an apparatus included in the wireless access node, such as a chip.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the number of processors can be one or more.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the processor further includes an AI module configured to implement AI-related functions. The AI module can implement AI functions in a software, hardware, or software and hardware combined manner. For example, the AI module includes a radio intelligent controller (RIC) module. For example, the AI module can be a near-real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus is a chip or a chip system. Optionally, when the communication apparatus is a chip system, the chip system can be composed of a chip or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0051] In a sixth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores instructions, when the instructions are run on a computer, the computer can execute the method in any of the preceding aspects.

[0052] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes instructions, when the instructions are run on a computer, the computer can execute the method in any of the preceding aspects.

[0053] In an eighth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes a first wireless access node configured to execute the method in the first aspect, a second wireless access node configured to execute the method in the second aspect, and a terminal device configured to execute the method in the third aspect.

[0054] The technical effects brought by any possible implementation manner of the third aspect to the eighth aspect can refer to the technical effects brought by any aspect of the first aspect to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of any aspect, which will not be described here again.

[0055] It can be understood that the schemes in each of the aspects can be combined as long as the schemes are not contradictory. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0056] FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a principle of spatial domain prediction by an AI model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a principle of spatial domain prediction by an AI model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a principle of time domain prediction by an AI model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a principle of time domain prediction by an AI model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a principle of beam performance monitoring according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a principle of beam performance monitoring according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication network according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flow of a beam monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a principle of determining a second beam set according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a principle of determining a second beam set according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a principle of determining a second beam set according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a flow of a beam monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a principle of determining index gap information according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a principle of determining index gap information according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring index and a cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the monitoring index according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring index and a CDF of the monitoring index according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] In a communication system, in a high frequency communication scenario such as millimeter wave, terminal devices and access network devices need to use beamforming to combat the propagation loss at high frequency. By using spatial Tx parameters or spatial Rx parameters, the signals transmitted or received are processed, which can be referred to as the process of beamforming. Using different spatial Tx parameters can be considered as using different transmit beamforming, or can be understood as using different transmit beams. Using different spatial Rx parameters can be considered as using different receive beamforming, or can be understood as using different receive beams. The spatial Tx parameters or spatial Rx parameters can be considered as parameters adopted by baseband processing, or can be considered as parameters adopted by radio frequency link processing.

[0075] Before using a beam, a measurement of the beam needs to be achieved through a beam management procedure, so as to determine the beam that can be currently used or can be used for communication. In beam management or beam measurement, each reference signal resource (RS resource) corresponds to a beam, and an access network device configures different measurement resources to enable a terminal device to measure different beams, and the terminal device feeds back a measured resource quality, so that the access network device knows the quality of the corresponding beam. In a beam management procedure defined in a new radio (NR) protocol, there is no concept of a beam, and all beams are realized through a quasi co-location (QCL) relationship between reference signals. If two reference signals have a QCL TypeD relationship, it is considered that the spatial Rx parameters corresponding to the two reference signals are the same. That is, the two reference signals can be received using the same set of spatial reception parameters. For example, when reference signal 1 is transmitted using beam 1 and reference signal 2 is transmitted using beam 2, and reference signal 1 and reference signal 2 have a QCL TypeD relationship, a user equipment (UE) can use the same receive beam to receive beam 1 and beam 2. If one beam 1 is a wide beam corresponding to reference signal 1 and another beam 2 is a narrow beam corresponding to reference signal 2, and the narrow beam is within the range of the wide beam, reference signal 1 and reference signal 2 can also have a quasi co-location relationship (QCL typeD). If an access network device, such as a base station, wants to configure a terminal device, such as a UE, to measure a beam, it can configure a set of reference signals (or measurement resources), and the base station can use different beams to transmit the reference signals, so that the UE measures the reference signals, thereby achieving the purpose of measuring the beam. That is, a reference signal can represent a beam, or a beam is embodied through a reference signal. Therefore, in this application, a beam and a reference signal (or a reference signal resource) can be described interchangeably, and a beam set and a reference signal set (or a reference signal resource set) can also be described interchangeably. For example, beam 1 can be understood as reference signal 1 or reference signal resource 1, and beam set 1 can be understood as reference signal set 1 or reference signal resource set 1.

[0076] An AI model represents a mapping relationship between inputs and outputs of the model. The type of the AI model can be a neural network, a deep neural network, a linear regression model, a decision tree model, a support vector machine (SVM), a Bayesian network, a Q-learning model, or other machine learning (ML) models.

[0077] One way of beam management is to achieve prediction-based beam management through a prediction manner of a terminal device, for example, to achieve prediction in beam management through an AI model at the terminal device side. In the case that prediction in beam management can be achieved through an AI model at the terminal device side, it can also be considered that the terminal device side has an AI function, which corresponds to a set of input beam configurations or output beam configurations in the process of beam management, based on which the terminal device can make prediction in AI-based beam management, or in other words, these configurations enable the feature of the terminal device's AI-based beam management prediction.

[0078] Under the prediction-based beam management manner, the network side node needs to monitor the performance of the prediction-based beam management process at the terminal device side to determine the reliability of the prediction-based beam management at the terminal device side. For example, the monitoring indicators can include the accuracy of beam prediction, the RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam, etc. In this application, performance monitoring can also be understood as performance monitoring corresponding to the AI model, or performance monitoring corresponding to the AI function.

[0079] In some examples, the terminal device can predict, based on AI, a downlink transmission beam and / or a downlink transmission beam quality sent by a network device (such as an access network device or a base station device), and send the predicted result to the base station side for determining a downlink transmission beam used in subsequent communication. The terminal device can also predict, based on AI, a downlink beam pair and / or a downlink transmission pair used by the network device and the terminal device, and send the predicted result to the network device for determining a downlink transmission beam pair used in subsequent communication. The beam management based on AI prediction of a transmission beam or a transmission beam pair can also be referred to as AI beam management. In the following of this application, unless otherwise specified, only the beam management based on AI prediction of a transmission beam is taken as an example for illustration. AI beam management includes beam prediction for a spatial domain, beam prediction for a time domain, or beam prediction for a spatial domain and a time domain. For example, referring to FIG. 1a, in the process of spatial domain beam prediction, the AI model can make a prediction according to all beams including the black beam and the white beams at other positions. The prediction result includes the best beam among all beams, or the predicted quality corresponding to all beams. Referring to FIG. 1b, the AI model can make a prediction according to the dashed line beams (i.e., wide beams) on all white beams (i.e., narrow beams), where each wide beam can cover multiple narrow beams. The prediction result includes the best beam among all beams, or the predicted quality corresponding to all beams. Referring to FIG. 2a, in the process of time domain beam prediction, the AI model can make a prediction by the black beam at t0 time on the white beam at t1 or t2 time. The prediction result includes the best beam at t1 time or the predicted quality of all beams at t1 time, and the best beam at t2 time or the predicted quality of all beams at t2 time. Referring to FIG. 2b, in the process of joint beam prediction for a spatial domain and a time domain, the AI model can make a prediction by the black beam at t0 time on all beams including the black beam and the white beams at other positions at t1 or t2 time. The prediction result includes the best beam at t1 time or the predicted quality of all beams at t1 time, and the best beam at t2 time or the predicted quality of all beams at t2 time.

[0080] In some examples, in the process of AI model prediction at the terminal device side, the set of beams that the terminal device needs to measure can be used as the input of the model, which can be referred to as SetB. Based on SetB, the set to which all the beams predicted by the AI model at the terminal device side belong can be considered as the set to which the beams corresponding to all possible output results of the model belong, which can be referred to as SetA. For each AI model, for each SetB, there can be a SetA corresponding thereto. For example, FIG. 1a, based on the measurement results of the black SetB beams, the best beam / beam quality in the overall SetA can be predicted. Specifically, the AI model predicts the best beam or beam quality in all 16 beams through the actual measurement results of the 4 black downlink beams, wherein the beam quality may, for example, be RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR, etc. It should be understood that the best predicted beam is usually the predicted beam with the largest predicted beam quality among all predicted beams, or after sorting all predicted beam qualities from large to small, the first K predicted beams are taken as the K best predicted beams.

[0081] In order to ensure the accuracy of the AI model prediction result maintained in the terminal device, performance monitoring can be performed on the AI model-based beam management. The so-called performance monitoring, or understanding as performance monitoring, in 3GPP TR 38.843, refers to a monitoring process for AI / ML model inference performance. For the case where the model is deployed at the terminal device side, the network side needs to perform performance monitoring based on the data reported by the terminal device side. One possible performance monitoring method is to compare the predicted output of the model and the actual measurement. For example, the terminal device beam prediction result is result 1, and the actual beam measurement result is result 2. Compare result 1 and result 2, and report to the network side. In the process of performance monitoring, on the one hand, the base station needs to send the beam set corresponding to SetB, which is used as input for prediction by the terminal device, and on the other hand, the base station needs to send the beam set for monitoring, which is used for comparison with the predicted result. There are several ways to perform performance monitoring on AI prediction-based beam management.

[0082] The terminal device can perform beam prediction on the black beams of SetB through an AI model, for example, to obtain the prediction result of SetA, such as the best beam in SetA. On the other hand, the base station device transmits all the beams in SetA for comparison during performance monitoring. The terminal device can measure all the beams in SetA actually transmitted to obtain the actually measured best beam in SetA. Then, the best beam x in SetA obtained through model prediction is compared with the best beam obtained through actual measurement, that is, the accuracy of the model prediction result can be obtained. The terminal device can obtain the monitoring index corresponding to the model by statistically analyzing the monitoring results at one or more monitoring moments, and then report the monitoring index to the base station. Since the terminal device needs to measure all the beams in SetA in this monitoring mode, that is, the terminal device measures the beams corresponding to all possible results output by the model, it can be understood as a monitoring based on a full set, or a monitoring based on SetA full set (that is, full set monitoring). In the case of full set monitoring, the accuracy of performance monitoring is the highest, because the predicted information of the beam and the actual measurement information can be obtained. However, the resource overhead in the measurement process and the prediction process is large when the performance monitoring is performed on SetA full set, which causes waste of resources.

[0083] The terminal device can perform beam prediction on the black beams of SetB through an AI model, for example, to obtain the prediction result of SetA, such as the best beam in SetA. On the other hand, the base station device transmits part of the beams in SetA, for example, a part of the subset in SetA, for comparison during performance monitoring. The terminal device can measure the beams corresponding to the actually transmitted subset of SetA (at this time, only part of the beams in SetA can be measured). Since the terminal device only needs to measure part of the beams in SetA in this monitoring mode, it can be understood as a monitoring based on a subset, or a monitoring based on a subset of SetA (or subset monitoring). However, if the best beam predicted by the model is not in the subset of SetA transmitted by the base station, the terminal device cannot obtain the corresponding performance index, for example, the terminal device cannot know what the real best beam in SetA full set is only by measuring the subset of SetA. Therefore, in the case where the base station transmits a subset of SetA for performance monitoring comparison, the performance monitoring has a small overhead, but the required performance monitoring index may not be obtained.

[0084] Based on this, the application provides a beam monitoring method and device. The terminal device sends a performance difference between a subset monitoring indicator and a full set monitoring indicator, or configuration information that can be used for subset monitoring, to the RAN node, so that the RAN node can determine a beam set used for subset monitoring according to the performance difference or the configuration information, thereby reducing the overhead of performance monitoring of beams in the communication system.

[0085] Embodiments of the application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] As shown in FIG. 5, an architecture schematic diagram of a communication system 1000 provided by the application is provided. In FIG. 5, the communication system 1000 includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network (CN) 200. The RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (e.g., 110a and 110b in FIG. 5, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal device (e.g., 120a-120j in FIG. 5, collectively referred to as 120). The RAN 100 can further include other RAN nodes, such as a wireless relay device and / or a wireless backhaul device (not shown in FIG. 5), etc. The terminal device 120 is connected to the RAN node 110 in a wireless manner. The RAN node 110 is connected to the core network 200 in a wireless or wired manner. The core network device in the core network 200 and the RAN node 110 in the RAN 100 can be different physical devices respectively, or can be the same physical device integrated with the logical functions of the core network and the logical functions of the radio access network.

[0087] The RAN 100 can be a 3GPP related cellular system, such as a 4G, 5G mobile communication system, or a future-oriented evolution system. The RAN 100 can also be an open radio access network (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a WiFi system. The RAN 100 can also be a communication system that combines two or more of the above systems.

[0088] The core network 200 can comprise one or more network elements / entities. For example, the core network 200 includes a mobility management entity (MME), a user plane function (UPF), an access management function (AMF), a session management function (SMF), a policy control function (PCF), an authentication server function (AUSF), a network slice selection function (NSSF), a network exposure function (NEF) (also referred to as a capability exposure network element), a network repository function (NRF), and a unified data management (UDM). It should be understood that the TCE can also be located in the access network without limitation.

[0089] The RAN node 110, which can also be referred to as an access network device, network device, RAN entity, or access node, etc., forms part of the communication system, and is responsible for enabling wireless access to the communication system for terminal devices. The plurality of RAN nodes 110 in the communication system 1000 can be of the same type or of different types.

[0090] In one possible scenario, the RAN node 110 can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a base station in future mobile communications systems, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc. The RAN node can be a macro base station (e.g., 110a in Figure 5), a micro base station or indoor station (e.g., 110b in Figure 5), a relay node or donor node, or a wireless controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, the RAN node can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle or vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, an access network device in vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU). In some scenarios, the roles of the RAN node 110 and the terminal device 120 are opposite, for example, a helicopter or a drone that is usually configured as a terminal device can also be configured as a mobile base station, and a device that accesses to the RAN through the helicopter or the drone is configured as a terminal device.

[0091] In another possible scenario, a terminal device is assisted by multiple RAN nodes to implement wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of functions of a base station. Specifically, a RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU), etc. For example, a CU can complete functions of a radio resource control (RRC) layer and functions of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer of a base station. The CU can also complete functions of a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer. A DU can complete functions of a radio link control (RLC) layer and functions of a medium access control (MAC) layer of a base station. The DU can also complete functions of part of a physical layer or all of a physical layer. An RU can be used to implement functions of transceiving radio frequency signals. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged, or can be included in the same network element, for example, a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, for example, included in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna processing unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH). In addition, the CU can be further divided into a CU-control plane (CP) and a CU-user plane (UP).

[0092] In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), the DU, or the RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an ORAN system, the CU can also be referred to as an O-CU (open CU), the DU can also be referred to as an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU. For the convenience of description, the CU, the CU-CP, the CU-UP, the DU, and the RU are taken as examples for description in this application. Any one of the CU (or the CU-CP, the CU-UP), the DU, and the RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0093] The terminal device 120 is a device with wireless transceiving function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor, outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on water surface (such as ships, etc.); can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.). The terminal device can also be called terminal, and the terminal device can be user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc., or a device for providing voice or data connectivity to users. Among them, the UE includes handheld devices with wireless communication function, vehicle-mounted devices (such as cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed rails, etc.), wearable devices (such as smart watches, smart bracelets, pedometers, etc.) or computing devices. Exemplarily, the UE can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a satellite terminal or a computer with wireless transceiving function. The UE can also be a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless modem, a smart point of sale (POS) machine, a customer-premises equipment (CPE), a smart robot, a mechanical arm, a workshop device, a smart home device (such as a refrigerator, a television, an air conditioner, an electric meter, etc.), a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical treatment, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart traffic, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a RSU with terminal function, or a flight device (such as a smart robot, a hot air balloon, a drone, an airplane), etc. The terminal device can also be other devices with terminal device function, for example, the terminal device can also be a device with terminal device function in device to device (D2D) communication.

[0094] By way of example and without limitation, in the present application, the terminal device can be a wearable device. The wearable device can also be referred to as a wearable smart device, which is a general term for devices that are designed by applying wearable technology to daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. The wearable device is a portable device that is directly worn on the body or integrated into the clothes or accessories of the user. For example, the wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also a device that realizes powerful functions through software support and data interaction and cloud interaction. The wearable smart device in a broad sense includes devices with full functions, large sizes, and the ability to realize complete or partial functions without relying on a smart phone, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and devices that focus on a certain type of application function and need to be used in cooperation with other devices such as smart phones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for monitoring vital signs.

[0095] In the present application, the terminal device can be a terminal device in an internet of things (IoT) system. The IoT is an important part of future information technology development, and its main technical feature is to connect objects through communication technology and network to realize the intelligent network of man-machine interconnection and object-object interconnection. The terminal device in the present application can be a terminal device in machine type communication (MTC).

[0096] The terminal device of the present application can be an on-board module, an on-board module group, an on-board component, an on-board chip, an on-board unit (OBU), or a telematics box (T-BOX) built into a vehicle as one or more components or units. The vehicle can implement the method of the present application through the built-in on-board module, on-board module group, on-board component, on-board chip, on-board unit, or T-BOX. The terminal device can also be a whole vehicle device. Therefore, the present application can be applied to the Internet of Vehicles, such as V2X, long term evolution vehicle (LTE-V), vehicle to vehicle (V2V), etc.

[0097] In specific implementation, each network element or device (such as the RAN node 110, the terminal device 120, etc.) shown in FIG. 5 can adopt the constituent structure shown in FIG. 6 or include the components shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 6 shows a hardware structure diagram of a communication apparatus that can be applicable to the present application. It can be understood that the communication apparatus 60 includes means in the form of, for example, modules, units, elements, circuits, or interfaces, etc., which are appropriately configured together to execute the schemes provided by the present application. For example, the communication apparatus 60 includes one or more processors 601 for implementing the methods provided by the present application.

[0098] The processor 601 can be a general processor or a special purpose processor, etc. For example, the processor 601 can be a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be configured to process communication protocols and communication data, and the CPU can be configured to control the communication apparatus 60 (e.g., a RAN node, a terminal device, or a chip), execute software programs, and process data of the software programs. Alternatively, in one design, the processor 601 can include a program 605 (which can also be referred to as code or instructions), which can be executed on the processor 601 to cause the communication apparatus 60 to perform the methods described in the embodiments below. In another possible design, the communication apparatus 60 includes a circuit (not shown in FIG. 6) configured to implement the functions of the RAN node or the terminal device in the embodiments below.

[0099] Optionally, the communication apparatus 60 can include one or more memories 603. The memory 603 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), a cache, or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical disk storage, a magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of storing instructions or data that can be accessed by a computer, but not limited to the above. The memory provided in the present application can generally be non-volatile. Optionally, the memory 603 has a program 607 (which can also be referred to as code or instructions) stored thereon, which can be executed on the processor 601 to cause the communication apparatus 60 to perform the methods described in the method embodiments below.

[0100] Optionally, the processor 601 can include an AI module 606, and / or the memory 603 can include an AI module 608. The AI module described above is configured to implement AI-related functions. The AI module can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. For example, the AI module can include a radio intelligent controller (RIC) module. For example, the AI module can be a near-real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.

[0101] Optionally, the processor 601 and / or the memory 603 can also store data. The processor 601 and the memory 603 can be separately arranged, or integrated together.

[0102] Optionally, the communication apparatus 60 can also include a transceiver 602 and / or an antenna 604. The processor 601 can also be referred to as a processing unit, and controls the communication apparatus 60. The transceiver 602 can also be referred to as a transceiving unit, a transceiver, a transceiving circuit, or a transceiver, etc., and is configured to realize the transceiving function of the communication apparatus 60 through the antenna 604.

[0103] It can be understood that the constituent structure shown in FIG. 6 does not constitute a limitation on the communication apparatus, and the communication apparatus can include more or fewer components than those shown in FIG. 6, or combine certain components, or different component arrangements.

[0104] In some examples, the RAN node in the present application can also be replaced by a chip in the RAN node. The terminal device in the present application can be replaced by a chip in the terminal device. That is, the communication apparatus structure shown in FIG. 6 can also represent a chip structure applicable to the present application.

[0105] The method provided by the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Each network element in the following embodiments can have the components shown in FIG. 6, which will not be described herein.

[0106] It can be understood that, in the present application, the terminal device and the RAN node can perform some or all of the steps in the present application, which are only examples, and the present application can also perform other steps or variations of various steps. In addition, each step can be performed in a different order than that presented in the present application, and it is possible that not all steps in the present application are performed.

[0107] It can be understood that, in the present application, the terminal device and the RAN node can perform some or all of the steps in the present application, which are only examples, and the present application can also perform other steps or variations of various steps. In addition, each step can be performed in a different order than that presented in the present application, and it is possible that not all steps in the present application are performed.

[0108] The method provided by the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Each network element or device in the following embodiments can have the components shown in FIG. 6, which will not be described herein.

[0109] It can be understood that the names of messages between various network elements in the following embodiments of the present application or the names of various parameters in the messages are only examples, and other names can also be used in specific implementation, which is not limited in the present application.

[0110] It can be understood that in the present application, " / " can represent that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" can be used to describe the existence of three relationships between associated objects. For example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, wherein A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, expressions similar to "at least one of A, B, and C" or "at least one of A, B, or C" are generally used to represent any of the following: A exists alone; B exists alone; C exists alone; A and B exist simultaneously; A and C exist simultaneously; B and C exist simultaneously; A, B, and C exist simultaneously. The above is an example of A, B, and C with three elements to illustrate the alternative items of the project. When there are more elements in the expression, the meaning of the expression can be obtained according to the foregoing rules.

[0111] In order to facilitate the description of the technical solutions of the present application, in the present application, "first", "second" and the like can be used to distinguish technical features with the same or similar functions. The "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the "first", "second" and the like do not necessarily mean different. In the present application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. The use of "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concept in a specific manner and facilitate understanding.

[0112] It can be understood that "embodiments" mentioned throughout the specification mean that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the various embodiments throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It can be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence of each process does not mean the execution order, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the present application.

[0113] It can be understood that in the present application, "when", "in the case of", "if" and "if" all refer to the corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances, not limited to time, and do not require a judgment action when implemented, nor does it mean that there are other limitations.

[0114] It can be understood that some optional features in the present application can be implemented independently in some scenarios, without relying on other features, such as the scheme currently based on, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects, and can also be combined with other features according to needs in some scenarios. Correspondingly, the devices given in the present application can also implement these features or functions, which will not be repeated here.

[0115] It can be understood that the same step or step or technical feature with the same function in the present application can be mutually referenced and learned between different embodiments.

[0116] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7, a beam monitoring method provided by the present application can include the following steps:

[0117] S701: The terminal device sends first information to the RAN node. Correspondingly, the RAN node receives the first information from the terminal device.

[0118] In the present application, the RAN node can be the RAN node 110 in the communication system 1000, and the terminal device can be the terminal device 120 in the communication system 1000.

[0119] A possible design, the first information indicates the index gap information of the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index.

[0120] Optionally, the first monitoring index is obtained by performance monitoring based on the first beam set, and the second monitoring index is obtained by performance monitoring based on the second beam set.

[0121] Optionally, the second beam set is a subset of the first beam set. For example, the second beam set is a subset of the first beam set, or the second beam set is multiple subsets of the first beam set.

[0122] Optionally, the first beam set is a set of beams predicted by the terminal device, that is, the first beam set is the full set of beams corresponding to the prediction results.

[0123] For example, if the terminal device predicts the to-be-predicted beam set according to the AI model, the first beam set is a set of beams corresponding to all prediction results of the AI model, and the target monitoring performance corresponding to the first beam set is the target monitoring performance when the terminal device performs performance monitoring based on the first beam set. The terminal device can compare the target monitoring performance when the measurement result of the first beam set is used for performance monitoring.

[0124] For example, the terminal device measures a set of beams, e.g., SetB, required for input of AI model prediction, obtains the best beam in a first set of beams (e.g., SetA) predicted by the AI model, and obtains a prediction result of the first set of beams. The terminal device also measures all beams in the set to which the beams corresponding to all possible results predicted by the AI model belong, i.e., the terminal device also measures all beams in the first set of beams, and obtains a measurement result of the first set of beams. The terminal device calculates a target monitoring performance for monitoring based on the first set of beams based on the prediction result and the measurement result of the first set of beams.

[0125] For example, the terminal device measures a set of beams, e.g., SetB, required for input of AI model prediction, obtains the best beam in a second set of beams (e.g., a subset of SetA) predicted by the AI model, and obtains a prediction result of the second set of beams. The terminal device can obtain the best beam in the second set of beams predicted by the AI model by limiting the set to which the beams corresponding to all possible results predicted by the AI model belong to the second set of beams (even if the AI model can predict beams outside the second set of beams, it is not used for subsequent calculation of the target monitoring performance). The terminal device also measures all beams in the second set of beams, and obtains a measurement result of the second set of beams. The terminal device calculates a target monitoring performance for monitoring based on the second set of beams based on the prediction result and the measurement result of the second set of beams.

[0126] Optionally, the index gap information reflects a performance difference between the target monitoring performance for monitoring based on the first set of beams and the target monitoring performance for monitoring based on the second set of beams.

[0127] It can be understood that the first monitoring index can include one or more target monitoring performances. Similarly, the second monitoring index can include one or more target monitoring performances.

[0128] For example, the first monitoring index includes one or more target monitoring performances: accuracy of prediction of the best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted best beam or the best K beams and the actual best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam.

[0129] For example, the second monitoring index includes one or more target monitoring performances: accuracy of prediction of the best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted best beam or the best K beams and the actual best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam.

[0130] Optionally, the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator have a corresponding relationship. That is, the first monitoring indicator includes a target monitoring performance, and the second monitoring indicator also includes the same type of target monitoring performance.

[0131] It can be understood that, in the process of determining the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator, the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator need to select the corresponding target monitoring performance, that is, the first monitoring indicator corresponds to which target monitoring performance, and the second monitoring indicator also corresponds to the same type of target monitoring performance, so as to ensure the comparability of the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator.

[0132] For example, in the case that the first monitoring indicator includes the accuracy of prediction of the best beam, correspondingly, the second monitoring indicator also includes the accuracy of prediction of the best beam, and the terminal device can determine the gap between the accuracy of prediction of the best beam corresponding to the first monitoring indicator and the accuracy of prediction of the best beam corresponding to the second monitoring indicator as the indicator gap information of the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator.

[0133] For another example, in the case that the first monitoring indicator includes the RSRP difference between the predicted best beam and the actual best beam, correspondingly, the second monitoring indicator also includes the RSRP difference between the predicted best beam and the actual best beam, and the terminal device can determine the gap between the RSRP difference between the predicted best beam and the actual best beam corresponding to the first monitoring indicator and the RSRP difference between the predicted best beam and the actual best beam corresponding to the second monitoring indicator as the indicator gap information of the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator.

[0134] For another example, in the case that the first monitoring indicator includes the RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam, correspondingly, the second monitoring indicator also includes the RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam, and the terminal device can determine the gap between the RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam corresponding to the first monitoring indicator and the RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam corresponding to the second monitoring indicator as the indicator gap information of the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator.

[0135] In a possible implementation, the index gap information sent by the terminal device comprises one or more of the following: an average of the index gap between the first monitoring indexes and one second monitoring index; or, the index gap between the first monitoring indexes and one second monitoring index at different quantiles. Wherein, all the first monitoring indexes can form a cumulative probability distribution corresponding to the first monitoring indexes, and all the second monitoring indexes can also form a cumulative probability distribution corresponding to the second monitoring indexes. A quantile of the distribution of the first monitoring indexes can be understood as a first monitoring index value corresponding to a certain cumulative probability in the cumulative probability distribution of the first monitoring indexes, and a quantile of the distribution of the second monitoring indexes can be understood as a second monitoring index value corresponding to a certain cumulative probability in the cumulative probability distribution of the second monitoring indexes.

[0136] It can be understood that, in the process of indicating the index gap information, the terminal device can overall reflect the index gap information by indicating the average of the index gap between the first monitoring indexes and the second monitoring indexes, or can locally reflect the index gap information by indicating the index gap between the first monitoring indexes and the second monitoring indexes at different quantiles. It should be pointed out that the average of the index gap or the index gap at different quantiles is only a part of the possible representation of the index gap, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0137] Optionally, the RAN node can indicate a plurality of quantiles to the terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device can send the first information corresponding to the quantiles when sending the first information.

[0138] In some embodiments, after receiving the first information, the RAN node can determine a set of beams for performance monitoring based on the first information.

[0139] Another possible design, the first information indicates configuration information of the second set of beams.

[0140] Optionally, the configuration information of the second set of beams can be used to determine one or more second sets of beams.

[0141] Optionally, the second set of beams is a set of beams recommended by the terminal device for performance monitoring. The second monitoring indexes obtained based on the second set of beams for performance monitoring are consistent with the first monitoring indexes obtained based on the first set of beams for performance monitoring. That is, the second monitoring indexes obtained based on the second set of beams for performance monitoring can reflect the situation of the first monitoring indexes obtained based on the first set of beams for performance monitoring to a certain extent, or can achieve the effect of using the first monitoring indexes obtained based on the first set of beams for performance monitoring to a certain extent, so as to reduce the overhead of performance monitoring. In a possible implementation, the index gap information between the second monitoring indexes and the first monitoring indexes is less than a second threshold.

[0142] Optionally, the configuration information of the second beam set is configuration information of a second beam set supported by the terminal device. That is, the terminal device indicates the configuration information of the second beam set, which can be used to perform performance monitoring based on the second beam set on the terminal device. Further, in the case that the second beam set is a beam set indicated by the RAN node in a subset monitoring manner, the terminal device can perform subset monitoring based on the second beam set.

[0143] Optionally, the configuration information of the second beam set includes one or more of the following: a number of beams of the second beam set, a beam pattern of the second beam set, a selection manner of the second beam set, or information of any one of at least one available beam, wherein the at least one available beam belongs to the second beam set.

[0144] Optionally, the configuration information of the second beam set can be in the granularity of a set, that is, it contains one or more configuration manners supported by the second beam set.

[0145] Optionally, the number of beams of the second beam set can be the total number of beams included in the second beam set, or the number of partial beams included in the second beam set.

[0146] Optionally, the beam pattern of the second beam set can be a beam pattern corresponding to all beams in the second beam set, or a beam pattern corresponding to partial beams in the second beam set. Optionally, the beam pattern can include beam parameters such as beam width, beam pointing angle, etc. Optionally, the beam pattern can also include the pattern of the second beam set in the first beam set in the case of determining the first beam set.

[0147] Optionally, the selection manner of the second beam set can be a selection manner of the beams in the second beam set in the first beam set, that is, which beams in the first beam set can constitute the second beam set. Optionally, the selection manner of the second beam set can also include a determination manner of the second beam set, such as randomly determining the second beam set or determining the second beam set according to a fixed pattern.

[0148] Optionally, the configuration information of the second beam set can be in the granularity of a beam, that is, the second beam set contains information of any one of the available beams in the second beam set. The beam information can be reference signal resource identification information corresponding to the beam, beam position information corresponding to the beam in the first beam set, transmission parameter information such as beam width or beam angle corresponding to the beam, transmission time-frequency resource information corresponding to the beam, etc.

[0149] It can be understood that the configuration information of the second beam set is different, and the terminal device can determine one or more second beam sets according to the different configuration information of the second beam set respectively.

[0150] Optionally, the configuration information of the second beam set sent by the terminal device is used to indicate one or more second beam sets that can be used for subset monitoring. The beams of the second beam set satisfy one or more of the above configuration information. The RAN node can determine the beam set that can be used for performance monitoring according to the configuration information of the second beam information.

[0151] Optionally, there is a corresponding relationship between the index difference information of the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index and the configuration information of the second beam set. For example, different second beam configuration information can correspond to different index difference information of the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index, which can be used by the RAN node to determine one or more second beam sets for performance monitoring.

[0152] Another possible design, the first information indicates the index difference information of the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index and the configuration information of the second beam set. That is, the terminal device can indicate the above index difference information and configuration information as needed. It can also indicate the two kinds of information respectively.

[0153] A possible design, the first information can also indicate the configuration information corresponding to the second beam set. For example, the configuration information corresponding to the second beam set can include one or more of the following: the number of beams of the second beam set, the beam pattern of the second beam set, the selection method of the second beam set, or the information of any one of the at least one available beam, wherein the at least one available beam belongs to the second beam set.

[0154] Optionally, the terminal device can indicate the beam pattern of the second beam set or the selection method of the second beam set in the first beam set by sending the identification or index of the beam pattern of the second beam set.

[0155] Optionally, the terminal device can indicate the beam pattern of the second beam set or the selection method of the second beam set in the first beam set by bitmap. For example, if the first beam set has 10 beams, using 1100000000 indicates that the first 1-2 beams of the first beam set correspond to the second beam set, and 0011000000 indicates that the third 3-4 beams of the first beam set correspond to the second beam set. That is, the beams of the first beam set indicated by the bitmap can support the composition of the second beam set.

[0156] Optionally, the terminal device indicates, by a beam index, a reference signal resource index, a beam set index, a reference signal resource set index, or the like, a beam in the first beam set that supports or does not support constituting the second beam set. For example, the first beam set includes 10 beams, corresponding to reference signal resources 1-10, and {beam 1, beam 2} or {reference signal resource 1, reference signal resource 2} is indicated, indicating that beam 1 and beam 2 can support constituting the second beam set.

[0157] Optionally, the selection manner of the second beam set can include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: random selection, fixed pattern selection, or how the second beam set is selected from the first beam set.

[0158] Optionally, the terminal device can report the first information as a type of terminal capability information in the terminal device capability information. For example, the terminal device reports the first information as performance monitoring capability information in the terminal capability information.

[0159] Optionally, the terminal device can report the first information through user equipment assistance information (UAI).

[0160] Optionally, the RAN node can configure the terminal device to report the first information through UAI if the RAN node needs to perform subset monitoring.

[0161] For example, the RAN node first configures the terminal device to report UAI through RRC, and the terminal device determines the condition for reporting UAI. After the UAI reporting is configured, the terminal device can report the first information through UAI at any time thereafter.

[0162] The above describes that the terminal device sends the first information to the RAN node, so that the RAN node can determine the beam set for performance monitoring according to the first information. The following will describe in detail how the terminal device obtains the first information.

[0163] In some embodiments, before sending the first information, the terminal device determines index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index.

[0164] Exemplarily, the terminal device itself can determine the index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index, or the terminal device belonging to an over the top server (OTT server) can determine the index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index, and preset the gap information in the terminal device or send the gap information to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can determine the first monitoring index. The OTT server to which the terminal device belongs can be an OTT server established by a terminal manufacturer, or an OTT server established by a chip manufacturer to which a chip in the terminal device belongs, or an OTT server established by a third party manufacturer other than the terminal manufacturer or the chip manufacturer.

[0165] Exemplarily, the terminal device or the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs can determine the index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index through three steps. The three steps are described in detail below.

[0166] Step one: The terminal device or the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs determines the first monitoring index.

[0167] Optionally, the terminal device or the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs can determine the first monitoring index based on the first measurement result and the first prediction result corresponding to the first beam set.

[0168] The beam corresponding to the first prediction result belongs to the first beam set, or the beam corresponding to the first prediction result is limited within the first beam set.

[0169] Optionally, the first prediction result is obtained by the terminal device through an AI model.

[0170] In one possible design, the terminal device or the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs obtains the first prediction result corresponding to the first beam set according to an AI model. The terminal device or the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs obtains the first measurement result according to the measurement of the reference signal resource corresponding to the first beam set. Then, the terminal device or the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs determines the first monitoring index corresponding to the first beam set according to the first prediction result and the first measurement result.

[0171] Optionally, the first beam set is a corresponding SetA full set in AI beam management.

[0172] Optionally, the terminal device or the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs can determine the first monitoring index corresponding to the first beam set through the gap between the first measurement result and the first prediction result of the first beam set, and the first monitoring index represents the reliability when the first prediction result is predicted.

[0173] Exemplarily, in a performance monitoring, the AI model of the terminal device can predict the best beam in the beams 1~16 through the measurement results of {beam 1, beam 5, beam 10, beam 15}, and the first beam set corresponds to {beam 1, beam 2, …, beam 16}. The terminal device predicts the best beam in the first beam set as beam 13 through measuring {beam 1, beam 5, beam 10, beam 15}, that is, the first prediction result is that the best beam is beam 13. The terminal device can also measure the actual beam quality of beams 1~16 through reference signals 1~16 configured by the base station device, wherein each reference signal i corresponds to a beam i. Assuming that the actually measured best beam is beam 14, the first measurement result is that the best beam is beam 14. The first measurement result is not equal to the first prediction result, so the corresponding prediction error in this performance monitoring. According to the correct and error conditions in multiple performance monitoring, the accuracy of predicting the best beam can be obtained, that is, the first monitoring index. For example, after 10 performance monitoring, 9 times of prediction are correct, and the accuracy of predicting the best beam corresponding to the performance monitoring is 90%.

[0174] In some embodiments, in the process of determining the first monitoring index, the first monitoring index can be determined offline, that is, determined by the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs, or determined online, that is, determined by the terminal device itself.

[0175] Optionally, in the case of offline determination of the terminal device, the first monitoring index can be determined based on the performance monitoring test data set stored by the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs, that is, the first monitoring index can be determined without a single terminal device or without relying on the real-time access of the terminal device to the network. For example, the first monitoring index can be TopK accuracy, RSRP gap, etc. For example, Top1 accuracy represents the accuracy of the first monitoring index corresponding to the best beam. TopK accuracy represents the accuracy of the first monitoring index corresponding to the first K beams.

[0176] On the one hand, the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs can use the following method to obtain the model performance monitoring test data set offline.

[0177] First, the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs collects training data in the training process of the AI model.

[0178] For example, in the process of AI model training, the RAN node instructs one or more terminal devices to collect training data in the training process of the AI model, or the RAN node instructs the current measurement result of the one or more terminal devices to be used for the training of the AI model. The RAN node can indicate the beam set that can be used to determine the model training input and the beam set related information of the output, and indicate the association identification information associated with the input and the output beam set. Optionally, the one or more terminal devices can send the respective acquired measurement results of the input beam set and the output beam set, and the corresponding association identification information to the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs. The OTT server to which the terminal device belongs can induce the input beam set and the output beam set with the same association identification into the same training data set in the process of collecting the training data.

[0179] Secondly, the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs can perform data division on the collected training data.

[0180] For example, the terminal device or the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs can divide the collected training data into two parts. One part is used for training the model, and the other part is used for performance monitoring test.

[0181] Finally, the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs can determine the first monitoring index using the data for performance monitoring test, and perform model performance monitoring related test on the model. The data used for performance monitoring test contains the related information and measurement results of the first beam set.

[0182] On the other hand, the terminal device can use the following method to obtain the performance monitoring test data set in the online state, and at this time, it can be considered that the terminal device has the AI model or AI function corresponding to the beam management:

[0183] Firstly, the terminal device collects performance monitoring data in the use process of the AI model, or after the AI model or AI function of the terminal device is recognized by the network device. At this time, the network device has configured the AI function or AI model supported by the terminal device for the terminal device.

[0184] For example, in the application process of the AI model or AI function, the RAN node instructs the terminal device to collect the performance monitoring related data of the AI model or AI function, and the terminal device collects the related data to determine the input beam information (such as SetB) required for performance monitoring, and the beam information (such as SetA full set) required for comparison and determination of predicted performance.

[0185] Secondly, in the application process of the AI model or AI function, the terminal device performs performance monitoring based on the first beam set and obtains the first monitoring index.

[0186] Optionally, for the case of online acquisition, the terminal device can perform one or more performance monitoring on the first beam set through protocol definition, RAN node configuration, etc., so that the terminal device can determine the first monitoring indicator according to the result of one or more performance monitoring.

[0187] Optionally, the terminal device can perform performance monitoring based on the first beam set multiple times to obtain multiple monitoring indicators. The terminal device can perform statistics on the multiple monitoring indicators to determine the first monitoring indicator. For example, the terminal device can take the average of the multiple monitoring indicators as the first monitoring indicator.

[0188] Optionally, the number of times or the period of performance monitoring of the terminal device based on the first beam set can be determined by the terminal device or indicated by the RAN node.

[0189] Step two: the terminal device determines the second monitoring indicator.

[0190] Optionally, the terminal device can determine the second monitoring indicator based on the second measurement result corresponding to the second beam set and the second prediction result. The beam corresponding to the second prediction result belongs to the second beam set, or the beam corresponding to the second prediction result is limited within the second beam set.

[0191] Optionally, the second beam set can be one or more. The one or more second beam sets are determined according to the configuration information corresponding to the second beam set.

[0192] Optionally, the configuration information used by the terminal device to determine the second beam set can be determined by the terminal device or indicated by the RAN node.

[0193] For example, referring to FIG. 8, the terminal device can determine one or more subsets from the first beam set for subset monitoring according to a random manner, which can be referred to as monitoring subsets. For example, the first monitoring subset and the second monitoring subset, etc., the terminal device can determine the second beam set from the one or more monitoring subsets.

[0194] For example, referring to FIG. 9, the terminal device can determine one or more monitoring subsets from the first beam set according to a fixed rule. For example, the third monitoring subset and the fourth monitoring subset, etc., wherein the third monitoring subset corresponds to the 1st-4th beams in the first beam set, and the fourth monitoring subset corresponds to the 5th-8th beams in the first beam set. The terminal device can determine the second beam set from the one or more monitoring subsets.

[0195] For example, referring to FIG. 10, the terminal device can determine, from the first set of beams, beam information capable of constituting the second set of beams, for example, determine beam indices corresponding to the beams or reference signal resource indices corresponding to the beams, and the beams corresponding to the information are capable of supporting the constitution of the second set of beams. For example, in the case where the first set of beams includes beams 1 to 16, the terminal device can determine, according to indices 11, 12, 15, and 16 corresponding to the second set of beams, beams 11, 12, 15, and 16 from the first set to constitute the second set of beams.

[0196] Optionally, the second prediction result is obtained by the terminal device through the AI model.

[0197] In a possible design, the terminal device obtains a second prediction result corresponding to the second set of beams according to the AI model. The terminal device obtains a second measurement result according to measurement on reference signal resources corresponding to the second set of beams. Then, the terminal device determines a second monitoring indicator corresponding to the second set of beams according to the second prediction result and the second measurement result.

[0198] Optionally, the terminal device can determine the second monitoring indicator according to a gap between the second measurement result and the second prediction result of the second set of beams, and the second monitoring indicator represents reliability of the prediction of the second prediction result.

[0199] Optionally, in the case where there are multiple second sets of beams, the terminal device can statistically determine the second monitoring indicator according to a gap between the second measurement result and the second prediction result of the multiple second sets of beams.

[0200] Exemplarily, in one performance monitoring, the AI model of the terminal device can predict beams in the beams 1~16 by measuring {beam 1, beam 5, beam 10, beam 15}, although the AI model can also predict the best beam in all beams in the beams 1~16, in the performance monitoring, only the prediction range is limited to predicting a part of the beams, for example, the model is limited to predicting the best beam in the beams 1~8, and the second beam set corresponds to {beam 1, beam 2, …, beam 8}. The terminal device predicts the best beam in the second beam set to be beam 5 by measuring {beam 1, beam 5, beam 10, beam 15}, that is, the second prediction result is that the best beam is beam 5. The terminal device can also measure the actual beam quality of the beams 1~8 by the reference signals 1~8 configured by the base station device, wherein each reference signal i corresponds to a beam i, and assuming that the actually measured best beam is beam 5, the second measurement result is that the best beam is beam 5. The second measurement result is equal to the second prediction result, so this time the prediction is correct. According to the correct and incorrect conditions in multiple performance monitoring under the condition of predicting the best beam in part of the beams, the accuracy of predicting the best beam in part of the beams can be obtained, that is, the second monitoring index. For example, after 10 times of performance monitoring, 9 times of prediction are correct, and the accuracy of predicting the best beam in the performance monitoring of part of the beams is 90%. Optionally, the beam subset used in each performance monitoring can be the same or different, for example, the performance monitoring corresponding to the second time of part of the beam prediction uses part of the beams from beam 9 to beam 16, and the third time uses part of the beams from beam 3 to beam 11.

[0201] In some embodiments, in the process of determining the second monitoring index, the second monitoring index can be determined offline, that is, by the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs, or determined online, that is, by the terminal device itself.

[0202] A possible design is that the terminal device can determine the second prediction result according to the first threshold value to avoid that the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result is too low.

[0203] Optionally, the probability information of the second prediction result can be the probability that the beam corresponding to the second prediction result is the best beam or the best K beams in the second beam set.

[0204] Optionally, the confidence of the second prediction result can be the probability or the reliability that the prediction quality of the beam corresponding to the second prediction result is reliable or unreliable.

[0205] Optionally, in a case that the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set is greater than the first threshold, the terminal device can determine the second monitoring indicator based on the second prediction result.

[0206] Optionally, in a case that the second monitoring indicator is determined based on multiple monitoring of the second beam set, in any one of the monitoring, in a case that the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set in the monitoring is greater than the first threshold, the terminal device includes the gap between the second prediction result and the second measurement result in the statistics of the second monitoring indicator.

[0207] Optionally, in a case that the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set is less than or equal to the first threshold, the terminal device does not determine the second monitoring indicator based on the second prediction result, so as to improve the reliability of the second monitoring indicator.

[0208] Optionally, in a case that the second monitoring indicator is determined based on multiple monitoring of the second beam set, in a case that the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set in any one of the monitoring is less than the first threshold, the terminal device does not include the gap between the second prediction result and the second measurement result in the statistics of the second monitoring indicator, so as to improve the reliability of the second monitoring indicator.

[0209] It should be understood that, when the first threshold is used to judge the second prediction result, the above-mentioned “greater than” and “less than” can be replaced by “greater than or equal to” and “less than or equal to”.

[0210] Optionally, the first threshold can be determined by the terminal device or indicated by the RAN node.

[0211] Exemplarily, referring to FIG. 11, the method further includes the following steps:

[0212] S700a: The RAN node sends third information to the terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the third information from the RAN node. The third information indicates the first threshold corresponding to the probability information or the confidence of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set.

[0213] Optionally, the terminal device determines the second monitoring indicator under the condition that the beam accuracy probability / confidence of the Top1 or TopK output in the second beam set is greater than the first threshold, or the RSRP prediction value in the second beam set is greater than the third threshold. The third threshold can be determined by the terminal device, configured by the network side, or predefined by a protocol.

[0214] For example, if the first threshold is 0.1, the accuracy probability of the second prediction result is greater than 0.1, and the predicted probability is considered reliable. If the subset monitoring is performed on the beams {1, 2, 3, 4} in the subset, the probability that the model predicts the four beams to be the best beams in the subset is {0.14, 0.05, 0.03, 0.01}. Since the prediction probability of the Top1 beam is greater than the threshold of 0.1 (i.e., the prediction probability of beam 1 corresponding to the best beam is 0.14, which is greater than 0.1), it is considered that the prediction corresponding to this subset monitoring is reliable, and the performance of this subset monitoring can be counted. If Top2 needs to be predicted, both of the two beams predicted need to have a probability greater than the threshold, and it is considered that the prediction corresponding to the Top2 subset monitoring is reliable.

[0215] Optionally, for predicting the Top1 or TopK beam accuracy, the AI model usually outputs the probability of each beam being the Top1 or TopK beam, and then selects the corresponding beam with the greater probability as the Top1 or TopK beam predicted by the model. Therefore, for restricting the prediction range to the second beam set, a probability constraint can be given. When the model outputs a probability, it is considered that the prediction on the second beam set is more accurate, and the monitoring index calculation for the second beam set is also more reliable.

[0216] Optionally, for RSRP prediction, the AI model can have a confidence range of the RSRP prediction result, for example, the predicted RSRP of the corresponding beam is -90 to -91 dBm with a confidence of 90%. Therefore, a confidence constraint can also be set to improve the accuracy of the monitoring index calculation for the second beam set.

[0217] In some embodiments, the terminal device determines a plurality of monitoring subsets in the first beam set according to different configuration information, and selects the second beam set from the plurality of monitoring subsets.

[0218] Optionally, the configuration information of the plurality of monitoring subsets can be determined by the terminal device, indicated by the RAN node, or defined by a protocol. In this case, no limitation is made.

[0219] Optionally, the second monitoring index can be a second monitoring index determined by limiting the prediction beam range to the second beam set.

[0220] Optionally, the terminal device can perform performance monitoring based on the second beam set multiple times to obtain a plurality of monitoring indexes. The terminal device can statistically process the plurality of monitoring indexes to determine the second monitoring index. For example, the terminal device can take the average of the plurality of monitoring indexes as the second monitoring index.

[0221] Optionally, the number of times of performance monitoring of the terminal device based on the second beam set can be determined by the terminal device or indicated by the RAN node.

[0222] Optionally, the terminal device can aggregate multiple monitoring indicators to form a CDF distribution, and then determine the monitoring indicators at multiple quantiles as the second monitoring indicators to determine the indicator gap information.

[0223] For example, the terminal device can report the best beam prediction accuracy gap corresponding to the 90% CDF and the best beam prediction accuracy gap corresponding to the 20% CDF. Or the terminal device can report the predicted RSRP gap corresponding to the 90% CDF and the predicted RSRP gap corresponding to the 20% CDF.

[0224] Step three: The terminal device determines the indicator gap information corresponding to the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator.

[0225] Optionally, the terminal device can determine the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator corresponding to different quantiles.

[0226] Optionally, the terminal device can determine the indicator gap information between the average of the first monitoring indicator and the average of the second monitoring indicator.

[0227] Optionally, the terminal device can determine the indicator gap information smaller than the second threshold value in the indicator gap information as the first information.

[0228] It can be understood that the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator have a corresponding relationship. That is, the first monitoring indicator includes a target monitoring performance, and the second monitoring indicator also includes the same type of target monitoring performance.

[0229] In some embodiments, in the process of determining the indicator gap information corresponding to the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator, the indicator gap information can be determined offline, i.e., determined by the OTT server to which the terminal device belongs, or determined online, i.e., determined by the terminal device itself, through real-time air interface data.

[0230] For example, the first monitoring indicator or the second monitoring indicator can include one or more of the following, and the acquisition process of each monitoring indicator is introduced below by taking the acquisition of the second monitoring indicator as an example:

[0231] 1. Top1 or TopK accuracy: The accuracy of the Top1 beam or TopK beam corresponding to the second prediction result in the second beam set range compared with the actual Top1 beam or TopK beam corresponding to the second test result.

[0232] For example, taking performance monitoring of Top1 accuracy as an example. The first beam set includes beams 1-64, and the second beam set includes beams {5, 10, 15, 20}. The terminal device predicts that the best beam among the four beams {5, 10, 15, 20} is beam 15, and the terminal device has actual measurement results of the four beams, so it knows that the actual best beam among the four beams is beam 15. Therefore, only based on the prediction results and actual measurement results of the second beam set, the terminal device can calculate the prediction accuracy of Top1 beam in the case of performance monitoring based on the second beam set as the second monitoring index corresponding to the second beam set.

[0233] 2. RSRP difference of Top1 or TopK: the measured RSRP of the Top1 or TopK beam corresponding to the second prediction result in the second beam set, and the difference compared with the measured RSRP of the Top1 beam or the measured RSRP of the TopK beam corresponding to the second measurement result in the second beam set.

[0234] For example, taking performance monitoring of the RSRP difference of Top1 as an example. The beams of the first beam set are beams 1-64, and the beams of the second beam set are beams {5, 10, 15, 20}. The terminal device predicts that the best beam among the four beams {5, 10, 15, 20} is beam 15, and the terminal device has actual measurement results of the four beams, so the terminal device actually knows that the best beam among the four beams is, for example, beam 10. Therefore, only based on the prediction results and actual measurement results of the second beam set, the terminal device can calculate the RSRP difference between beam 10 and beam 15 under the second beam set, that is, the measured RSRP difference between the predicted Top1 beam and the actual Top1 beam, that is, the second beam set monitoring index.

[0235] 3. Prediction and actual RSRP difference: the difference between the predicted RSRP result of the predicted beam and the actual RSRP result of the corresponding beam.

[0236] For example, the difference between the predicted RSRP result of the Top 1 beam and the actual RSRP result of the predicted Top 1 beam. The beams of the first beam set are beam 1-beam 64, and the beams of the second beam set are beam {5, 10, 15, 20}. The difference between the predicted RSRP result of the Top 1 beam and the actual RSRP result of the predicted Top 1 beam. The terminal device predicts that the best beam in the four beams {5, 10, 15, 20} is beam 15, and the predicted RSRP result of beam 15 is -100 dBm. And the terminal device has the actual measurement result of the four beams, so it knows that the actual RSRP result of beam 15 is -101 dBm. Therefore, only for the predicted and actual measurement results of the second beam set, the terminal device can calculate the predicted and actual measurement RSRP difference of beam 15 under the second beam set, that is, the second beam set monitoring index.

[0237] Optionally, the first monitoring index or the second monitoring index can also include other parameters for indicating performance monitoring results, which are not limited here.

[0238] For example, referring to FIG. 12, after the AI model is trained, a test beam set can be determined in the performance monitoring test data, which includes the first beam set, i.e., SetA (all white and black beams in the first beam set in the figure), and also includes the input beam set for model prediction, i.e., SetB (all black beams in the figure). The terminal device obtains the predicted result of SetA through the AI model, and determines the first monitoring index when the first beam set is SetA through the actual measurement result of SetA. The terminal device determines one or more monitoring subsets, i.e., the second beam set (partially shaded beams in the second beam set in the figure), in the first beam set according to the configuration information. The terminal device obtains the predicted result of the second beam set through the AI model, and determines the second monitoring index of the second beam set through the actual measurement result of the second beam set. Then, based on the one or more monitoring subsets, one or more index difference information corresponding to the first beam set is determined. Finally, the index difference information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index is determined from the one or more index difference information. It should be understood that the test beam set can be obtained offline or online.

[0239] For example, referring to FIG. 13, the terminal device performs performance monitoring based on a first beam set and a second beam set, the first beam set including beams 0-15, and the second beam set including beams 0-1 and beams 14-15 (i.e., RS Set C in the figure). When the terminal device performs subset performance monitoring based on the second beam set, the terminal device determines a subset monitoring indicator corresponding to the subset on the second beam set. For example, the terminal device can obtain an actual best beam on the second beam set, and then combine it with a model-predicted best beam on the second beam set, i.e., obtain a second monitoring indicator (monitoring Top1 accuracy). Meanwhile, the terminal device performs full-set performance monitoring based on the first beam set, and determines a full-set monitoring indicator corresponding to the full set on the first beam set. For example, the terminal device can obtain an actual best beam on the first beam set, and then combine it with a model-predicted best beam on the first beam set, i.e., obtain a first monitoring indicator (monitoring Top1 accuracy), and finally determine an indicator gap information (gap) between the second monitoring indicator and the first monitoring indicator.

[0240] In a possible design, before sending the first information, the terminal device can judge the indicator gap information based on a second threshold, to avoid the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator being too large.

[0241] Optionally, in a case where the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator is less than the second threshold, the terminal device can send the indicator gap information and / or configuration information of the second beam set through the first information.

[0242] Optionally, in a case where the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the terminal device can not send the indicator gap information and / or configuration information of the second beam set, to improve the effectiveness of using the second monitoring indicator.

[0243] For example, referring to FIG. 11, the method further includes the following steps:

[0244] S700b: The RAN node sends fourth information to the terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the fourth information from the RAN node, and the fourth information indicates a second threshold corresponding to the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator.

[0245] Optionally, the RAN node indicates that the fourth information can be sent through a broadcast indication or a unicast indication, indicating the maximum index gap information that the RAN node can accept. In the case of adopting a broadcast indication, the constraint difference can be the same for all terminal devices, which can be carried in the SIB message. In the case of a unicast indication, different constraints can be applied to terminal devices, which can be carried in the UE capability information, RRC configuration, RRC reconfiguration, MAC control information (MAC control element, MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), and the like.

[0246] Optionally, the RAN node can indicate the maximum number of first information that the terminal device can report, so as to avoid waste of transmission resources.

[0247] Optionally, the terminal device can send the first information through an RRC configuration message, an RRC reconfiguration completion message, a UAI method, a MAC CE method, and an uplink control information (UCI) method.

[0248] Optionally, when sending the first information, it can be divided into a first part and a second part. The first part carries the configuration information quantity, such as the number of second beam sets or the number of available beams in the second beam set. The second part carries specific configuration information, such as the configuration information of each second beam set or the configuration information of each beam in the available beams in the second beam set.

[0249] In some other embodiments, before sending the first information, the terminal device determines the configuration information of the second beam set, and determines one or more second beam sets according to the configuration information of the second beam set.

[0250] Optionally, the terminal device determines the second beam set that needs to be used to determine the first information according to the configuration information of the second beam set. The configuration information used to determine the second beam set can be determined by the terminal device, or can be selected from the configuration information of one or more second beam sets indicated by the RAN node.

[0251] Optionally, the configuration information of the second beam set used by the terminal device to determine one or more second beam sets in the foregoing embodiments can be used as the configuration information of the second beam information.

[0252] Optionally, the terminal device can determine the configuration information of the second beam set corresponding to the index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index being less than the second threshold as the first information.

[0253] A possible design, see FIG. 11, before the terminal device determines the configuration information of the second beam set, the method can include the following steps:

[0254] S700c: The RAN node sends the first indication information to the terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the first indication information from the RAN node.

[0255] Optionally, the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to determine the configuration information of the beam set corresponding to the first information.

[0256] Optionally, the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to determine the configuration information of one or more beam sets corresponding to the first information.

[0257] Optionally, the terminal device selects the configuration information of the second beam set that can be used for performance monitoring from the configuration information of one or more beam sets indicated by the RAN node.

[0258] In some examples, see FIG. 14, taking the calculation of the index gap information between the second beam set and the first beam set as an example, the terminal device determines the index gap information (gap) between the first monitoring index corresponding to the first beam set and the second monitoring index corresponding to the second beam set, and the terminal device can determine the corresponding gap value on different quantiles. For example, gap1 between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index corresponding to the quantile of 70% can be determined, and gap2 between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index corresponding to the quantile of 20% can also be determined.

[0259] Optionally, the second beam set can be one or more second beam sets determined by the same configuration information.

[0260] In other examples, see FIG. 15, taking the determination of the index gap information between multiple second beam sets and the first beam set as an example, there is index gap information between each second beam set and the first beam set. The terminal device can determine the second monitoring index (monitoring top1 accuracy) corresponding to the second beam set, and determine the first monitoring index (monitoring top1 accuracy) corresponding to the first beam set, and then the terminal device determines the index gap information between the first beam set and the second beam set based on the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index, and reports to the RAN node.

[0261] Optionally, the multiple second beam sets can be multiple groups of second beam sets determined according to multiple configuration information.

[0262] In some embodiments, see FIG. 11, after the RAN node receives the first information, the method can further include:

[0263] S702: The RAN node sends the second information to the terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the second information from the RAN node.

[0264] Optionally, the second information indicates a third beam set for performance monitoring.

[0265] For example, the second information can indicate the third beam set through configuration information of the third beam set, and the second information can also indicate the third beam set through an identifier or a number corresponding to the third beam set.

[0266] Optionally, the third beam set is the first beam set, the second beam set, or a subset of the second beam set.

[0267] It can be understood that after receiving the first information, the RAN node determines the third beam set for performance monitoring according to the first information.

[0268] For example, in the case that the second beam set indicated by the first information can meet the needs of the RAN node, the RAN node can indicate to perform performance monitoring using one or more of the second beam set, and can also indicate to perform performance monitoring using a subset of the second beam set.

[0269] Optionally, the RAN node can indicate to perform performance monitoring using one or more of a plurality of second beam sets, or can indicate to perform performance monitoring using part of the second beam set.

[0270] For another example, in the case that the second beam set indicated by the first information cannot meet the needs of the RAN node, or in the case that the performance difference between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator indicated by the first information cannot meet the needs of the RAN node, the RAN node can indicate to perform performance monitoring through the first beam set. That is, the RAN node indicates the terminal device to perform performance monitoring based on the full set.

[0271] A possible design is that after receiving the second information, the terminal device can perform performance monitoring according to the third beam set indicated by the second information.

[0272] Optionally, the terminal device can first measure a third measurement result corresponding to the third beam set, then determine a third prediction result corresponding to the third beam set through AI model prediction based on part of the third beam set (for example, SETB), and finally, the terminal device can determine a third monitoring indicator according to the third measurement result and the third prediction result, and report to the RAN node.

[0273] Optionally, referring to FIG. 11, the method can further include the following steps:

[0274] S703: The terminal device sends fifth information to the RAN node. Correspondingly, the RAN node receives the fifth information from the terminal device.

[0275] Optionally, the fifth information is used to indicate the third monitoring indicator.

[0276] Optionally, the third monitoring indicator can reflect the monitoring result corresponding to the first monitoring indicator to some extent. Therefore, after receiving the third monitoring indicator, the RAN node can take the third monitoring indicator as a substitute for the first monitoring indicator, so as to save the performance monitoring overhead.

[0277] Optionally, the terminal device reports the third monitoring indicator of the third beam set under the quantile indicated by the RAN node. For example, a total of 10 subset monitoring is performed, and a monitoring indicator k1, k2,.. k10 can be counted based on each subset monitoring. The average of the 10 monitoring indicators can be reported, and the quantile value (for example, 90%, 20% CDF corresponding indicator) corresponding to the CDF curve formed by the 10 monitoring indicators can also be reported.

[0278] Optionally, the fifth information further indicates the number of valid / invalid third beam sets, or configuration information, transmission time, etc. corresponding to the invalid third beam set, so that the RAN node knows that several invalid monitoring is excluded in the fifth information, and can further know which third beam set monitoring is invalid. Invalid monitoring means that the prediction result in the monitoring is unreliable. The terminal device determines the valid / invalid monitoring according to the first threshold for the second prediction result.

[0279] In some embodiments, the beam can be understood as a reference signal resource. Correspondingly, the beam set can be replaced by the reference signal resource set. Similarly, the ID of the beam corresponds to the ID of the reference signal, and the quality (for example, RSRP, SINR) of the beam corresponds to the quality (for example, RSRP, SINR) of the reference signal. Replace the beam set with the reference signal resource set. Based on the same principle, the embodiments disclosed in the present application can also be implemented, and details are not repeated here.

[0280] The above mainly introduces the scheme provided by the present application from the perspective of interaction between various network elements. Correspondingly, the present application further provides a communication apparatus, which can be a terminal device in the above method embodiments, or an apparatus comprising the terminal device, or a component applicable to the terminal device; the communication apparatus can also be a RAN node in the above method embodiments, or an apparatus comprising the RAN node, or a component applicable to the RAN node. It can be understood that the terminal device and the like above comprise corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for implementing various functions. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the unit and algorithm operation of the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in the present application, the present application can be realized in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is realized in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0281] The present application can divide the functional modules of the terminal device or the RAN node according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated in one processing module. The integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or software functional module. It can be understood that the division of modules in the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical functional division. Actual implementation can have another division manner.

[0282] For example, in the case of dividing each functional module in an integrated manner, FIG. 16 shows a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus 160. The communication apparatus 160 comprises an interface module 1601 and a processing module 1602. The interface module 1601, which can also be referred to as an interface unit, is used to perform a transceiving operation. For example, it can be an interface circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface, etc. The processing module 1602, which can also be referred to as a processing unit, is used to perform an operation other than the transceiving operation. For example, it can be a processing circuit or a processor, etc.

[0283] In some embodiments, the communication apparatus 160 can further comprise a storage module (not shown in FIG. 16) for storing program instructions and data.

[0284] In an example, the communication apparatus is a terminal device, which can be used to implement the method performed by the terminal device in any one of the preceding embodiments.

[0285] For example, the processing module 1602 is configured to control the interface module 1601 to send first information, the first information indicating one or more of the following: index gap information of the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index, or configuration information of the second beam set; the index gap information is used to reflect a performance difference between a target monitoring performance based on the first beam set and a target monitoring performance based on the second beam set, the second beam set being a subset of the first beam set; and the first information is used to determine a beam set for performance monitoring.

[0286] In an example, the communication apparatus is a RAN node, which can be used to implement the method performed by the RAN node in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0287] The processing module 1602 is configured to control the interface module 1601 to receive first information, the first information indicating one or more of the following: index gap information of the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index, or configuration information of the second beam set; the index gap information is used to reflect a performance difference between a target monitoring performance based on the first beam set and a target monitoring performance based on the second beam set, the second beam set being a subset of the first beam set; and the first information is used to determine a beam set for performance monitoring.

[0288] When the communication apparatus is used to implement the functions of the terminal device or the RAN node, for other functions that the communication apparatus 160 can implement, refer to the related description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5.

[0289] In a simple embodiment, those skilled in the art can think that the communication apparatus 160 can adopt the form shown in FIG. 6. For example, the processor 601 in FIG. 6 can invoke the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 603 to enable the communication apparatus 160 to perform the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0290] For example, the functions / implementation processes of the processing module 1602 and the interface module 1601 in FIG. 16 can be implemented by the processor 601 in FIG. 6 invoking the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 603. Alternatively, the functions / implementation processes of the processing module 1602 in FIG. 16 can be implemented by the processor 601 in FIG. 6 invoking the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 603, and the functions / implementation processes of the interface module 1601 in FIG. 16 can be implemented by the transceiver 602 in FIG. 6.

[0291] It can be understood that one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented in software, hardware or a combination of both. When any of the above modules or units is implemented in software, the software exists in the form of computer program instructions and is stored in the memory, and the processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow. The processor can be built in a system on a chip (SoC) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or be a separate semiconductor chip. In addition to the core for executing software instructions to perform operations or processing, the processor can further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a logic circuit for implementing special logic operations.

[0292] When any of the above modules or units is implemented in hardware, the hardware can be any one or any combination of a CPU, a microprocessor, a digital signal processing (DSP) chip, a microcontroller unit (MCU), an artificial intelligence processor, an ASIC, an SoC, an FPGA, a PLD, a dedicated digital circuit, a hardware accelerator, or a non-integrated discrete device, which can run necessary software or be independent of software to execute the above method flow.

[0293] Optionally, the present application also provides a chip system, comprising: at least one processor and an interface, the at least one processor is coupled with a memory through the interface, when the at least one processor executes a computer program or instructions in the memory, the method in any of the above method embodiments is executed. In a possible implementation manner, the chip system further comprises the memory. Optionally, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can contain a chip and other discrete devices, and the present application does not make a specific limitation hereon.

[0294] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be instructed by a computer program to relevant hardware to complete, and the program can be stored in the computer readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the program can include the processes of the above method embodiments. The computer readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the communication device of any of the above embodiments. For example, a hard disk or a memory of the communication device. The computer readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the communication device. For example, a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, and the like. Further, the computer readable storage medium can include both the internal storage unit and the external storage device of the communication device. The computer readable storage medium is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the communication device. The computer readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0295] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer program product. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be instructed by a computer program to relevant hardware to complete, and the program can be stored in the computer program product. When the program is executed, the program can include the processes of the above method embodiments.

[0296] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer instruction. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be instructed by a computer instruction to relevant hardware (such as a computer, a processor, a terminal device, or a RAN node, and the like) to complete. The program can be stored in the computer readable storage medium or the computer program product.

[0297] Optionally, the present application also provides a communication system, which includes the terminal device and the RAN node in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5.

[0298] Optionally, the present application also provides a communication system, which includes the terminal device and the RAN node in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11.

[0299] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above functional modules is taken as an example for illustration. In actual application, the above functions can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions.

[0300] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the embodiments of the apparatus described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between different units, or the among different units, can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0301] The units described as separated components can or can not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units can be located in one place or can be distributed to multiple places. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the embodiments of the present application.

[0302] In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically as a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0303] The above describes only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of beam monitoring, the method comprising: The method comprises: sending first information, the first information indicating one or more of the following: index gap information of a first monitoring index and a second monitoring index, or configuration information of a second beam set; wherein the index gap information is used to reflect a performance difference between a target monitoring performance based on a first beam set and a target monitoring performance based on a second beam set, the second beam set being a subset of the first beam set; wherein the first information is used to determine a beam set for performance monitoring.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving second information, the second information indicating a third beam set, wherein the third beam set is used for performance monitoring, and the third beam set is the first beam set, the second beam set, or a subset of the second beam set.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The configuration information of the second beam set is configuration information of a second beam set supported by the terminal device.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first beam set is a set of beams predicted by the terminal device.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The configuration information of the second beam set comprises one or more of the following: a number of beams of the second beam set, a beam pattern of the second beam set, a selection manner of the second beam set, or information of any one of at least one available beam, wherein the at least one available beam belongs to the second beam set.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first monitoring index is determined based on a first measurement result corresponding to the first beam set and a first prediction result, wherein the beam corresponding to the first prediction result belongs to the first beam set, or the beam corresponding to the first prediction result is limited within the first beam set.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The second monitoring index is determined based on a second measurement result corresponding to the second beam set and a second prediction result, wherein the beam corresponding to the second prediction result belongs to the second beam set, or the beam corresponding to the second prediction result is limited within the second beam set.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The probability information or confidence of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set is greater than a first threshold value.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving third information, the third information indicating a first threshold value corresponding to the probability information or confidence of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The sending of the first information comprises: sending the first information in a case where index gap information of the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index is less than a second threshold value, wherein the index gap information is determined according to the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving fourth information, the fourth information indicating the second threshold value corresponding to the index gap information between the first monitoring index and the second monitoring index.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receiving first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate configuration information of a beam set.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The first monitoring index comprises one or more of the following: accuracy of prediction of a best beam or best K beams, RSRP difference between a predicted best beam or best K beams and an actual best beam or best K beams, RSRP difference between a predicted beam and an actual beam; The second monitoring indicator includes one or more of the following: accuracy of prediction of the best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted best beam or the best K beams and the actual best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam. The first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator have a corresponding relationship.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The indicator gap information includes one or more of the following: An average value of the indicator gap between the first monitoring indicator and one of the second monitoring indicators; or The indicator gap between the first monitoring indicator and one of the second monitoring indicators at different quantiles.

15. A method of beam monitoring, the method comprising: The method includes: Receiving first information, the first information indicating one or more of the following: indicator gap information of the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator, or configuration information of the second beam set; wherein the indicator gap information is used to reflect the performance difference between the target monitoring performance based on the first beam set and the target monitoring performance based on the second beam set, and the second beam set is a subset of the first beam set; The first information is used to determine the beam set for performance monitoring.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The method further includes: Sending second information, the second information indicating a third beam set, wherein the third beam set is used for performance monitoring, and the third beam set is the first beam set, the second beam set, or a subset of the second beam set.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The configuration information of the second beam set is configuration information of a second beam set supported by the terminal device.

18. The method according to any one of claims 15-17, characterized by, The first beam set is a set of beams predicted by the terminal device.

19. The method according to any one of claims 15-18, characterized in that, The configuration information of the second beam set includes one or more of the following: the number of beams in the second beam set, the beam pattern of the second beam set, the selection method of the second beam set, or information of any one of at least one available beam, wherein the at least one available beam belongs to the second beam set.

20. The method according to any one of claims 15-19, characterized by, The first monitoring indicator is determined based on first measurement results and first prediction results corresponding to the first beam set, wherein the beam corresponding to the first prediction result belongs to the first beam set, or the beam corresponding to the first prediction result is limited within the first beam set.

21. The method according to any one of claims 15-20, characterized in that, The second monitoring indicator is determined based on second measurement results and second prediction results corresponding to the second beam set, wherein the beam corresponding to the second prediction result belongs to the second beam set, or the beam corresponding to the second prediction result is limited within the second beam set.

22. The method according to any one of claims 15-21, characterized by, The method further includes: Sending third information, the third information indicating probability information of the second prediction result corresponding to the second beam set or a first threshold corresponding to the confidence.

23. The method according to any one of claims 15-22, characterized in that, The method further includes: Sending fourth information, the fourth information indicating a second threshold corresponding to the indicator gap information between the first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator.

24. The method according to any one of claims 15-23, characterized by, The method further includes: Sending first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate configuration information of a beam set.

25. The method according to any one of claims 15-24, characterized by, The first monitoring indicator includes one or more of: accuracy of prediction of the best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted best beam or the best K beams and the actual best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam; The second monitoring indicator includes one or more of: accuracy of prediction of the best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted best beam or the best K beams and the actual best beam or the best K beams, RSRP difference between the predicted beam and the actual beam; The first monitoring indicator and the second monitoring indicator have a corresponding relationship.

26. The method of any one of claims 15-25, wherein, The indicator difference information includes one or more of: An average value of the indicator difference between the first monitoring indicator and one of the second monitoring indicators; or The indicator difference between the first monitoring indicator and one of the second monitoring indicators at different quantiles.

27. A communications device, characterized by The communication device includes units or modules for performing the method of any one of claims 1-14, or units or modules for performing the method of any one of claims 15-26.

28. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, which, when executed, implement the method of any one of claims 1-14, or implement the method of any one of claims 15-26.

29. A computer program product comprising instructions, wherein: When the computer program product is running on a computer, it causes the method of any one of claims 1-14 to be implemented, or causes the method of any one of claims 15-26 to be implemented.

30. A communications device, characterized by Comprise: A processor coupled with a memory, the memory being used to store programs or instructions, when the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, causing the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-14, or perform the method of any one of claims 15-26.

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