A fiber reinforced composite and preparation method therefor
A fiber reinforced composite with a low-viscosity polyamide resin and fiber fabrics addresses the impregnation challenges in continuous fiber reinforced polyamide composites, achieving improved mechanical properties and efficiency for applications like new energy vehicles and aeronautics.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-02
AI Technical Summary
The high viscosity resistance of resin matrix during the impregnation of continuous fibers in the industrial production of continuous fiber reinforced polyamide composites impairs impregnation effect, increases porosity, and reduces production efficiency and final mechanical properties.
A fiber reinforced composite is prepared using a polyamide resin with a viscosity of 1000 Pa·s or less, measured under conditions of 200-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1, through a lamination molding process involving polyamide sheets and fiber fabrics, with a multilayer structure subjected to compression molding.
The method achieves excellent mechanical properties and improved impregnation, reducing porosity and enhancing production efficiency, resulting in composites suitable for various applications including new energy vehicles and aeronautics.
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Figure CN2025109915_02042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFORTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a composite, in particular a fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite.BACKGROUND
[0002] With the continuous pursuit of light weight in industries such as automobiles, and aeronautics and astronautics, etc., high-performance fiber reinforced composites are widely favored due to their light weight, high strength, high modulus, and designable structural properties. Compared to traditional thermosetting resin-based composites, thermoplastic resin-based composites not only have higher fracture toughness and longer storage time, but also exhibit shorter production cycles, repeatable processability, and better chemical corrosion resistance during the manufacturing process.
[0003] In the industrial continuous production process of continuous fiber reinforced polyamide composites, the main problem is the high viscosity resistance of the resin matrix during the impregnation of the continuous fibers. Such viscosity resistance not only impairs the impregnation effect, increases porosity, and thus affects the final mechanical properties of composites, but also reduces the production efficiency, becoming a key factor limiting the production process and product quality.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] In order to overcome at least one drawback of the prior art described above, according to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fiber reinforced composite comprising a resin matrix and one or more layers of fiber fabric provided in the resin matrix comprising a polyamide resin having a viscosity of 1000 Pa·s or less as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 200-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0005] According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned fiber reinforced composite, comprising compression molding a multilayer structure to obtain the fiber reinforced composite; wherein, the multilayer structure comprises one or more layers of polyamide sheet and one or more layers of fiber fabric.
[0006] According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides use of a polyamide sheet in the preparation of a fiber reinforced composite, wherein the fiber reinforced composite is obtained by a lamination molding process, and the polyamide sheet has a viscosity of 1000 Pa·s or less as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 200-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0007] According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polyamide plate comprising the above-mentioned fiber reinforced composite or the fiber reinforced composite prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.
[0008] According to a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a product comprising the above-mentioned polyamide plate.
[0009] By using polyamide sheets with a certain viscosity and fibre fabrics as laminating raw materials, an embodiment of the present disclosure obtains a fibre-reinforced composite with excellent mechanical properties.DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0010] The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments only and are not to be considered as limiting the present disclosure, wherein:
[0011] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the multilayer structure of Example 1 of the present disclosure;
[0012] Reference signs:
[0013] 100: First surface layer;
[0014] 101: First intermediate layer;
[0015] 102: Second intermediate layer; and
[0016] 200: Second surface layer.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0017] The following descriptions describe in detail typical embodiments that embody the features and advantages of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the present disclosure may have various variations in different embodiments, all of which are without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, and that the descriptions therein are essentially for illustrative purposes rather than for limiting the present disclosure.
[0018] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fiber reinforced composite comprising a resin matrix and one or more layers of fiber fabric provided in the resin matrix, wherein the resin matrix comprises a polyamide resin having a viscosity or a shear viscosity of 1000 Pa·s or less as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 200-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0019] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite is prepared by lamination molding a multilayer structure comprising one or more layers of polyamide sheets and one or more layers of fiber fabrics, wherein one or more layers of fiber fabric are interposed in the multiple layers of the polyamide sheets; and after the lamination molding, one or more layers of polyamide sheets form the resin matrix, and one or more layers of fiber fabrics are in the resin matrix.
[0020] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet is obtained from polyamide resins or compositions thereof.
[0021] In one embodiment, the temperature for testing the viscosity of the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin is between the melting point of the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin and 100℃above the melting point, preferably 200-340℃, such as 220℃, 240℃, 250℃, 280℃, 290℃, 300℃, 310℃, 320℃, or 330℃. The melting point of the sheet or resin described in the present disclosure is measured according to ASTM D3418-2003.
[0022] In one embodiment, the viscosity of the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin can be directly obtained through a rotational rheometer, preferably an Anton Paar MCR302 Rheometer. Further, when the melt viscosity of the polyamide sheet is measured using a rotational rheometer, the shear rate is set to be 1 s-1, the frequency is set to be 1 Hz, the heating rate is set to be 3 ℃ / s, and the testing temperature is from the melting point of the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin to 20-100℃above the melting point, and preferably 30-90℃ above the melting point.
[0023] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a viscosity of 350-900 Pa·s, such as 400 Pa·s, 410 Pa·s, 415 Pa·s, 420 Pa·s, 450 Pa·s, 500 Pa·s, 510 Pa·s, 515 Pa·s, 520 Pa·s, 550 Pa·s, 600 Pa·s, 650 Pa·s, 690 Pa·s, 695 Pa·s, 700 Pa·s, 750 Pa·s, 800 Pa·s, 850 Pa·s, 880 Pa·s, 885 Pa·s, or 890 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 200-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0024] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin may have a melting point of 150-320℃, preferably 180-320℃, and more preferably 200-320℃, such as 190℃, 195℃, 197℃, 200℃, 250℃, 260℃, 265℃, 266℃, 270℃, 290℃, 295℃, 298℃, 300℃, or 310℃.
[0025] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a melting point of 150-240℃, and a viscosity of 350-700 Pa·s, preferably 505-525 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 230-280℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0026] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a melting point of 190-200℃, and a viscosity of 350-700 Pa·s, preferably 505-525 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 278-280℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0027] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a melting point of 240-270℃, and a viscosity of 400-700 Pa·s, preferably 400-450 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 280-330℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0028] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a melting point of 260-270℃, and a viscosity of 400-700 Pa·s, preferably 400-450 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 328-330℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0029] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a melting point of 270-320℃, and a viscosity of 700-900 Pa·s, preferably 870-895 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 300-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0030] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a melting point of 295-300℃, and a viscosity of 700-900 Pa·s, preferably 870-895 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 338-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0031] In one embodiment, the viscosity of the polyamide sheet can be adjusted by adjusting the process for preparing the polyamide sheet and the viscosity of the raw material of the sheet (i.e., polyamide resin) . Preferably, the viscosity of the polyamide resin can be adjusted and controlled by methods such as solid-phase tackifying, and adjusting resin synthesis parameters, etc.
[0032] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet may have a thickness of 0.05-1 mm, preferably 0.05-0.3 mm, and more preferably 0.05-0.1 mm, such as 0.06 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm, or 0.8 mm, wherein, a sheet with a thickness of less than or equal to 0.5 mm may also be referred to as a film.
[0033] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet has a density of 1.0-1.2 g / cm3, such as 1.05 g / cm3, 1.1 g / cm3, 1.14 g / cm3, 1.15 g / cm3, or 1.17 g / cm3 as measured according to ASTM D792-2022.
[0034] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet has a moisture content of 500 ppm or less, preferably 50-500 ppm, such as 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm, 300 ppm, 350 ppm, 400 ppm, or 450 ppm as measured according to ISO 15512: 2019.
[0035] In one embodiment, a method for preparing the polyamide sheet comprises the steps of: the polyamide resin or compositions thereof are heated and melted, the obtained polyamide melt is cast (e.g., through a T-mold) onto a cooling roller, and then is drawn and wound to obtain a cast polyamide sheet Further, the surface temperature of the cooling roller may be 50℃, for example.
[0036] In one embodiment, when the thickness of the polyamide sheet is 0.05-0.3 mm, it can be prepared by a coating method, a film blowing method or a calendering method.
[0037] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet is prepared from polyamide resin or compositions thereof, wherein monomers for preparing the polyamide resin comprise diamines including pentanediamine and dibasic acids including one or more selected from aliphatic dibasic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and aromatic dibasic acids having 8 to 10 carbon atoms, such as 9 carbon atoms.
[0038] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet is prepared from polyamide resin or compositions thereof, wherein monomers for preparing the polyamide resin comprise diamines including pentanediamine and dibasic acids including one or more selected from aliphatic dibasic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms or aromatic dibasic acids having 8 to 10 carbon atoms, such as 9 carbon atoms.
[0039] In one embodiment, the molar ratio of diamines to dibasic acids used for preparing polyamide resin may be (1-1.05) : 1, such as 1.01 : 1, 1.02 : 1, 1.03 : 1, or 1.04 : 1.
[0040] In one embodiment, the diamines include pentanediamine and other diamines which may be one or more selected from aliphatic diamines having 4 to 16 carbon atoms (excluding pentanediamine) , preferably one or more selected from butanediamine, hexanediamine, heptanediamine, octanediamine, nonanediamine, decanediamine, undecanediamine, dodecanediamine, tridecanediamine, tetradecanediamine, pentadecanediamine, and hexadecanediamine.
[0041] In one embodiment, the aliphatic dibasic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms may be one or more selected from butanedioic acid, pentanedioic acid, hexanedioic acid, heptanedioic acid, octanedioic acid, nonandioic acid, decanedioic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, heptadecadienoic acid, and octadecanedioic acid.
[0042] In one embodiment, the aromatic dibasic acids may be one, two, or three selected from terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and phthalic acid.
[0043] In one embodiment, the polyamide resin is obtained by copolymerization of pentanediamine and a long carbon chain dibasic acid, and has a melting point of 190 to 220℃; wherein the long carbon chain dibasic acid is one or more selected from decanedioic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, heptadecadienoic acid, and octadecanedioic acid.
[0044] In one embodiment, the polyamide resin is obtained by copolymerization of pentanediamine, a long carbon chain dibasic acid, and terephthalic acid, and has a melting point of 190 to 320℃; and the long carbon chain dibasic acid is one or more selected from decanedioic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, heptadecadienoic acid, and octadecanedioic acid. Preferably, the molar ratio of pentanediamine, long carbon chain dibasic acid and terephthalic acid is 1 : 0.3-0.5 : 0.5-0.7, such as 1 : 0.34 : 0.66.
[0045] In one embodiment, the polyamide resin is obtained by copolymerization of pentanediamine, hexanedioic acid and terephthalic acid, and has a melting point of 240 to 320℃. Preferably, the molar ratio of pentanediamine, hexanedioic acid and terephthalic acid is 1 : 0.4-0.6 : 0.4-0.6.
[0046] In one embodiment, the polyamide resin is obtained by copolymerization of pentanediamine, hexanediamine, hexanedioic acid and terephthalic acid, and has a melting point of 230 to 320℃. Preferably, the molar ratio of pentanediamine, hexanediamine, hexanedioic acid, and terephthalic acid is 5.01-5.05 : 5 : 4-6 : 4-6, such as 5.05 : 5 : 4 : 6.
[0047] In one embodiment, the polyamide resin comprises diamine structural units including -NH (CH2) 5NH-and dibasic acid structural units derived from dibasic acids including one or more selected from aliphatic dibasic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and aromatic dibasic acids having 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
[0048] In one embodiment, the polyamide resin comprises diamine structural units including -NH (CH2) 5NH-and dibasic acid structural units derived from dibasic acids including one or more selected from aliphatic dibasic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms or aromatic dibasic acids having 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
[0049] In one embodiment, the diamine structural units include -NH (CH2) 5NH-and -NH (CH2) mNH-, wherein m is selected from 4 to 16 and m is not equal to 5, for example, m may be 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16.
[0050] In one embodiment, the dibasic acid structural units comprises -CO (CH2) nCO-, wherein n is selected from 2 to 16, and n may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16.
[0051] In one embodiment, pentanediamine is a bio-based pentanediamine, which refers to the pentanediamine synthesized from compounds derived from biomass such as glucose and lysine, etc., through enzymatic reactions, yeast reactions, or fermentation reactions, etc., in the monomer synthesis process.
[0052] In one embodiment, the polyamide resin is a bio-based polyamide resin, such as any one or more selected from of bio-based polyamide PA56, bio-based polyamide PA510, bio-based polyamide PA511, bio-based polyamide PA512, bio-based polyamide PA513, bio-based polyamide PA514, bio-based polyamide PA515 and bio-based polyamide PA516, bio-based polyamide PA56 / 5T, bio-based polyamide PA510 / 5T, bio-based polyamide PA511 / 5T, bio-based polyamide PA512 / 5T, bio-based polyamide PA513 / 5T, bio-based polyamide PA514 / 5T, bio-based polyamide PA515 / 5T, bio-based polyamide PA516 / 5T, bio-based polyamide PA56 / 5I, and commercially available 6638, 6308, 6300, 6290, 6635, 6631, 6632, 6520, 5000, 3600, 3601, 3100 , 3102, 3300, 3500, 2260, 2262, 1273, 1251, and 1320.
[0053] In one embodiment, the polyamide resin composition used for preparing polyamide sheets comprises a polyamide resin and a functional additive, wherein the functional additive comprises one or more selected from antioxidants, heat stabilizers, lubricants, flame retardants, inorganic fillers, flow modifiers, and antistatic agents, such as commercially available antioxidant 168 with CAS number 31570-04-4, and aliphatic dibasic acids having 12 to 16 carbon atoms as flow modifiers.
[0054] In one embodiment, the addition amount of the functional additive is 0.001 wt%-15 wt%of the total mass of the polyamide resin composition.
[0055] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet may be the polyamide 56 resin film disclosed in a Chinese patent application with the publication number CN111763313A, and its raw material bio-based polyamide resin is obtained by copolymerization of bio-based pentanediamine and hexanedioic acid.
[0056] In one embodiment, some of the raw materials for the bio-based polyamide resin, such as series products, are derived from renewable plant-based resources, further enhancing their commercial potential and scientific research value as composite matrix resins.
[0057] In one embodiment, the fiber fabric used for preparing the fiber reinforced composites may have a thickness of 0.05-0.5 mm, such as 0.09 mm, 0.2 mm, or 0.3 mm.
[0058] In one embodiment, the fiber fabric used for preparing the fiber reinforced composites may have a thickness of 0.08-0.4 mm, preferably 0.3-0.4 mm, such as 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, or 0.35 mm.
[0059] In one embodiment, the fiber fabric used for preparing the fiber reinforced composites may have a thickness of 0.05-0.1 mm, such as 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, or 0.09 mm.
[0060] In one embodiment, the fiber fabric may have a fabric weight of 650 g / m2 or less, preferably 50-650 g / m2, such as 70 g / m2, 104 g / m2, 200 g / m2, 300 g / m2, 400 g / m2, 500 g / m2, 550 g / m2, 580 g / m2, 600 g / m2, or 620 g / m2.
[0061] In one embodiment, the fiber fabric (i.e., continuous fiber fabric) comprises continuous fibers, which include one or more selected from glass fiber, carbon fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber, natural fiber, metal fiber, boron fiber, and silicon carbide fiber.
[0062] In one embodiment, the fiber fabric comprises continuous fiber cloth and / or continuous fiber yarn.
[0063] In one embodiment, the fiber fabric includes one or more selected from checkered fabrics, non-crimp fabrics, and three-dimensional fabrics. Further, the checkered fabric can be one or more selected from plain weave structure, twill weave structure, and satin weave structure; the non-crimp fabric can be one or more selected from uniaxial structure, biaxial structure, triaxial structure, and tetraxial structure; and the three-dimensional fabric can be selected from three-dimensional orthogonal structure and / or three-dimensional angular interlocking structure.
[0064] In one embodiment, the continuous fibers in the fiber fabrics are oriented at a cross angle of 0-90°, preferably 90°or 45°.
[0065] In one embodiment, the fiber fabric is a glass fiber biaxial cloth, with the continuous fibers being oriented at 0° / 90° or +45° / -45°.
[0066] In one embodiment, the fiber fabric is a glass fiber cloth with plain weave structure, with the the continuous fibers being oriented at 0° / 90° or +45° / -45°.
[0067] In one embodiment, the fiber fabric is a glass fiber cloth with twill weave structure, with the continuous fibers being oriented at 0° / 90° or +45° / -45°.
[0068] In one embodiment, based on the total weight of polyamide sheets and fiber fabrics for preparing the fiber reinforced composites, the mass content of the fiber fabrics (or the continuous fibers) may be 50%-85%, such as 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, or 80%.
[0069] In one embodiment, based on the total weight of polyamide sheets and fiber fabrics for preparing the fiber reinforced composites, the mass content of the fiber fabrics (or the continuous fibers) may be 70%-80%, such as 70%, 75%, 77%, 78%, or 79%.
[0070] In one embodiment, based on the total weight of polyamide sheets and fiber fabrics for preparing the fiber reinforced composites, the mass content of the fiber fabrics (or the continuous fibers) may be 55%-70%, preferably 58%-62%, such as 59%, 60%, 61%, or 65%.
[0071] In one embodiment, based on the total volume of polyamide sheets and fiber fabrics for preparing the fiber reinforced composites, the volume content of the fiber fabrics (or the continuous fibers) may be 30%-72%, such as 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, or 70%; or, based on the total volume of the fiber reinforced composites, the volume of the fiber fabrics (or the continuous fibers) is 30%-72%of the total volume of the composites, such as 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, or 70%. Wherein, the volume of the polyamide sheet and fiber fabric (or the continuous fiber) is measured according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2577-2005.
[0072] In one embodiment, based on the total volume of polyamide sheets and fiber fabrics for preparing the fiber reinforced composites (or based on the total volume of the fiber reinforced composites) , the volume content of the fiber fabrics may be 55%-65%, preferably 58%-62%, such as 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, or 64%.
[0073] In one embodiment, based on the total volume of polyamide sheets and fiber fabrics for preparing the fiber reinforced composites (or based on the total volume of the fiber reinforced composites) , the volume content of the fiber fabrics may be 35%-45%, preferably 38%-42%, such as 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, or 44%.
[0074] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite is in the form of fiber reinforced composite plate, and the composite plate may have a thickness of 1 mm or less (e.g., ultra-thin polyamide composite plate) , preferably 0.3-0.6 mm, such as 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, or 0.5 mm.
[0075] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite is in the form of fiber reinforced composite plate, and the composite plate may have a thickness of 1-20 mm, such as 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 15 mm, 18 mm, or 20 mm.
[0076] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite (or the fiber reinforced composite plate) has a thickness of 4 mm, a fiber fabric mass content of 70%-80% (or a fiber fabric volume content of 55%-65%) , and a bending strength of 620-720 MPa, such as 624 MPa, 625 MPa, 630 MPa, 650 MPa, 660 MPa, 669 MPa, 670 MPa, 674 MPa, 675 MPa, 678 MPa, 679 MPa, 680 MPa, 700 MPa, 710 MPa, 716 MPa, or 717 MPa. The bending strength is measured according to ASTM D7264.
[0077] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite (or the fiber reinforced composite plate) has a thickness of 4 mm, a fiber fabric mass content of 70%-80% (or a fiber fabric volume content of 55%-65%) , and a interlaminar shear strength of 50-80 MPa, such as 52 MPa, 53 MPa, 54 MPa, 60 MPa, 65 MPa, 68 MPa, 69 MPa, 70 MPa, 71 MPa, 74 MPa, or 75 MPa. The interlaminar shear strength is measured according to ASTM D2344.
[0078] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite (or the fiber reinforced composite plate) has a thickness of 0.4 mm, a fiber fabric mass content of 55%-65% (or a fiber fabric volume content of 35%-45%) , and a tensile strength of 300-500 MPa, preferably 340-410 MPa, such as 305 MPa, 320 MPa, 340 MPa, 350 MPa, 360 MPa, 370 MPa, 380 MPa, 400 MPa, 420 MPa, 480 MPa, or 495 MPa. The tensile strength is measured according to ASTM D3039.
[0079] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite (or the fiber reinforced composite plate) has a thickness of 0.4 mm, a fiber fabric mass content of 55%-65% (or a fiber fabric volume content of 35%-45%) , and a tensile modulus of 15-25 MPa, preferably 17-22 MPa, such as 17.5 MPa, 18 MPa, 19 MPa, 20 MPa, or 21 MPa. The tensile modulus is measured according to ASTM D3039.
[0080] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite is in plate form and exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a boiling water test. This test is performed with reference to the immersion test method specified in Chinese National Standard GB / T 17657-2023, and comprises steps of: maintaining the plate in water at 80 ± 2℃ for 30 minutes, or in water at 100±2℃ for 30 minutes, or in water at 100 ± 2℃ for 2 hours; subsequently taking the plate out, cooling it at room temperature for 2 hours, and observing its morphology.
[0081] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite is in plate form and exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a high-temperature test. This test is performed according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.2-2008 at a test temperature of 85℃ and comprises steps of: keeping the plate at 85℃ for 48 hours, then placing it at room temperature for 2 hours, and observing its morphology.
[0082] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite is in plate form and exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to an alternating damp heat test. This test is performed with reference to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.4-2008, and comprises steps of: subjecting the plate to a temperature-varying and heat-preserving test cycle 4 times, and then maintaining the plate at 25℃ and 75%relative humidity for 2 hours, placing it at normal temperature for 2 hours before observing its morphology, wherein each temperature-varying and heat-preserving test cycle comprises steps of: heating the plate from 25℃ to 55℃ within 3 hours under 95%relative humidity, and then keeping it at 55℃ and 95%relative humidity for 9 hours; subsequently, cooling it to 25℃ within 3 hours under 95%relative humidity, and keeping it at 25℃ and 95%relative humidity for 9 hours.
[0083] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite is in plate form and exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a water immersion test. This test is performed with reference to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.30-2013 and comprises steps of: completely immersing the plate in water (such as distilled water) at 23 ± 5℃ for 24 hours, then taking it out, placing it at room temperature for 24 hours, and observing its morphology.
[0084] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite is in plate form and exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a low-temperature test. This test is performed according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.1-2008 at a test temperature of -40℃, and comprises steps of: keeping the plate at -40℃ for 72 hours, then placing it at room temperature for 2 hours before observing its morphology.
[0085] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite is in plate form and exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a salt spray test. The salt spray test is performed according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.17-2024. Preferably, the salt spray test lasts for 48 hours.
[0086] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite (or fiber reinforced composite plate) has a dyne value of 32 dyn / cm or more, preferably 32-40 dyn / cm, and more preferably 32-35 dyn / cm, such as 33 dyn / cm, 34 dyn / cm, 35 dyn / cm, 36 dyn / cm, and 38 dyn / cm, as determined according to ISO 8296-2006 (surface energy test) .
[0087] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite (or fiber-reinforced composite plate) exhibits no tearing when subjected to a drop hammer test, as determined according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.55-2023.
[0088] In one embodiment, the fiber reinforced composite (or fiber reinforced composite plate) has a contact angle X, wherein 70° ≤ X ≤ 100°, preferably 90° ≤ X ≤ 100°, and more preferably 90° ≤X ≤ 95°, such as 75°, 80°, 85°, 91°, 92°, 93°, 94°, 96° or 98°, as determined with reference to Chinese National Standard GB / T 30693-2014. Furthermore, the test can be performed using a 4μL water droplet.
[0089] In this disclosure, the evaluation criteria for blistering of the fiber reinforced composite plate are defined as follows: within a unit volume of 1 dm3, the presence of 0 blisters is classified as "No blistering" ; 1 to 5 blisters as "Slight blistering" ; and 6 to 10 blisters as "Blistering" .
[0090] In this disclosure, the evaluation criteria for deformation of the fiber reinforced composite plate are defined based on warpage difference of the plate edges before and after the test: a warpage difference of 0 mm is classified as "No deformation" ; a warpage difference greater than 0 mm but less than or equal to 0.2 mm is classified as "Slight deformation" ; and a warpage difference greater than 0.2 mm is classified as "Deformation" . Herein, warpage refers to the distance between the highest point of the upwarply warped structure (or the point farthest from the plate surface) and the plate surface.
[0091] In this disclosure, the classification criteria for delamination of fiber reinforced composite plates are defined as follows: "No delamination" when no delamination is present; "Slight delamination" when the area of the delaminated region accounts for 5%or less of the total area; and "Delamination" when the area of the delaminated region exceeds 5%of the total area. Herein, the fiber reinforced composite plate comprises an upper surface and a lower surface arranged opposite to each other. Along the height (or thickness) direction of the fiber reinforced composite plate, the upper surface and the lower surface are respectively located on both sides of the fiber reinforced composite plate. Delamination in the plate, i.e., the formation of cracks within the fiber reinforced composite plate, can be observed through the side surfaces perpendicular to the upper surface (or lower surface) of the fiber reinforced composite plate. The "total area" refers to the area of the upper surface (or lower surface) of the plate. The "area of the delaminated region" refers to the projected area of the delaminated region along the height direction of the fiber reinforced composite plate, which can be measured using ultrasonic testing equipment (e.g., NovaScan V1) .
[0092] In this disclosure, the classification criteria for tearing in the fiber reinforced composite plate are defined as follows: "No tearing" when there are no cracks on the plate surface; "Slight tearing" when the number of cracks on the plate surface is 3 or less; and "Tearing" when the number of cracks on the plate surface exceeds 3.
[0093] In one embodiment, a multilayer structure including the polyamide sheets and fiber fabrics is laminated to produce the fiber reinforced composites (or fiber reinforced composite laminates) ; wherein, the multilayer structure includes one or more layers (such as two layers) of polyamide sheet and one or more layers of fiber fabric arranged in a stacked manner, that is, forming a multilayer structure by stacking one or more layers of polyamide sheet and one or more layers of fiber fabric (such as alternately stacking) . For example, a multilayer structure used for lamination may include two layers of polyamide sheet and two layers of fiber fabric, which are polyamide sheet, fiber fabric, polyamide sheet, and fiber fabric in sequence from top to bottom, or polyamide sheet, fiber fabric, fiber fabric, and polyamide sheet in sequence.
[0094] In one embodiment, one or more layers of polyamide sheet and one or more layers of fiber fabric are alternately arranged in a multilayer structure, that is, the polyamide sheets are adjacent to or in contact with the fiber fabrics.
[0095] In one embodiment, the multilayer structure used for lamination comprises a first surface layer, at least one intermediate layer, and a second surface layer arranged in sequence, wherein the first and second surface layers are both polyamide sheets, and the at least one intermediate layer comprises fiber fabrics. For example, a multilayer structure includes three layers, which are the first surface layer (polyamide sheet) , the intermediate layer (fiber fabric) , and the second surface layer (polyamide sheet) in sequence. For example, a multilayer structure includes five layers, which are the first surface layer (polyamide sheet) , the first intermediate layer (fiber fabric) , the second intermediate layer (polyamide sheet) , the third intermediate layer (fiber fabric) , and the second surface layer (polyamide sheet) in sequence.
[0096] In one embodiment, the at least one intermediate layer of the multilayer structure comprises one or more layers of fiber fabric and at least one or more layers of polyamide sheet.
[0097] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned fiber reinforced composite, comprising hot press molding (compression molding) a multilayer structure to obtain the fiber reinforced composite; wherein, the multilayer structure comprises one or more layers of polyamide sheet and one or more layers of fiber fabric.
[0098] In one embodiment, the compression molding process comprising steps of the laminated structure being preheated at a pressure of 0-1 MPa (such as 0.1 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.6 MPa, and 0.8 MPa) for 5-10 minutes, followed by degassing and then a pressure of 5-8 MPa being maintained for 6-9 minutes, wherein the temperature during the compression molding process (such as the temperature of the molding machine) is maintained at 20-100℃ (such as 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, and 90℃) above the melting point of the polyamide sheet.
[0099] All pressures used in the compression molding process herein are gauge pressure.
[0100] In one embodiment, the polyamide sheet is dried to a moisture content of 1000 ppm or less, such as 100-500 ppm, prior to compression molding.
[0101] In one embodiment, when the polyamide sheet has a melting point of 150-240℃, the temperature is controlled at 230-280℃ during the compression molding, and the compression molding process is carried out by preheating the laminated structure at a pressure of 0-1 MPa for 5-10 minutes, followed by degassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 6-9 minutes.
[0102] In one embodiment, when the polyamide sheet has a melting point of 190-200℃, the temperature is controlled at 278-280℃ during the compression molding, and the compression molding process is carried out by preheating the laminated structure at a pressure of 0-1 MPa for 5-10 minutes, followed by degassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 6-9 minutes.
[0103] In one embodiment, when the polyamide sheet has a melting point of 240-270℃, the temperature is controlled at 280-330℃ during the compression molding, and the compression molding process is carried out by preheating the laminated structure at a pressure of 0-1 MPa for 5-10 minutes, followed by degassing and the maintaining at a pressure of 8 MPa for 6-9 minutes.
[0104] In one embodiment, when the polyamide sheet has a melting point of 260-270℃, the temperature is controlled at 328-330℃ during the compression molding, and the compression molding process is carried out by preheating the laminated structure at a pressure of 0-1 MPa for 5-10 minutes, followed by degassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 6-9 minutes.
[0105] In one embodiment, when the polyamide sheet has a melting point of 270-320℃, the temperature is controlled at 300-340℃ during the compression molding, and the compression molding process is carried out by preheating the laminated structure at a pressure of 0-1 MPa for 5-10 minutes, followed by degassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 6-9 minutes.
[0106] In one embodiment, when the polyamide sheet has a melting point of 295-300℃, the temperature is controlled at 338-340℃ during the compression molding, and the compression molding process is carried out by preheating the laminated structure at a pressure of 0-1 MPa for 5-10 minutes, followed by degassing and then maintaining at a pressure of 8 MPa for 6-9 minutes.
[0107] In one embodiment, the device used for compression molding can be a modular double belt press or a plate vulcanizing machine.
[0108] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides use of the above-mentioned polyamide sheet in the preparation of a fiber reinforced composite, wherein the fiber reinforced composite is prepared through a lamination molding process.
[0109] The fiber reinforced composite of an embodiment of the present disclosure is in the form of a fiber reinforced composite plate.
[0110] The fiber reinforced composite (or the fiber reinforced composite plate) of an embodiment of the present disclosure can be used in the fields such as new energy vehicles, wind power generation, building templates, aeronautics and astronautics, 3C products (computer, communication, and consumer electronics) , etc.
[0111] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polyamide plate (or fiber reinforced composite plate) comprising the above-mentioned fiber reinforced composites.
[0112] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a product comprising the above-mentioned polyamide plate. Preferably, the product can be a molded product.
[0113] The fiber reinforced composite of an embodiment of the present disclosure is prepared by hot press molding (such as compression molding) the polyamide sheets and fiber fabrics. During the molding process, the resin sheet is used to impregnate the fiber fabric layer, the use of the polyamide sheets with specific viscosity can significantly improve the impregnation effect of the compression molding, thus obtaining laminated composites with excellent mechanical properties, which can meet the design needs of energy conservation and emission reduction, and lightweight in different fields. Among them, the ultrathin polyamide composite plate with small thickness (such as a thickness of less than 1 mm) can be applied in 3C products, copper-clad laminates, and aeronautics and astronautics fields, while the polyamide composite plate with large thickness (such as a thickness of 1-20 mm) can be applied in transportation and logistics, new energy vehicles, constructions, and aeronautics and astronautics fields.
[0114] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the fiber reinforced composite exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a water immersion test, a salt spray test, a low-temperature test, a boiling water test, a high-temperature test, and an alternating damp heat test, making it particularly suitable for manufacturing 3C products.
[0115] The method for preparing the fiber reinforced composite of an embodiment of the present disclosure is simple in operation, and can be used to obtain composites with good impregnation effect and excellent mechanical properties.
[0116] The preparation of the fiber reinforced composite according to one embodiment of the present disclosure will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Among them, the compression molding machine used in the compression molding process of the Examples and Comparative examples is a plate vulcanizing machine, and all the raw materials are dried to a moisture content of 500 ppm or less before use. The raw materials and testing methods used in the Examples are as follows.
[0117] Raw materials
[0118] The viscosity of the raw material polyamide resin for the polyamide sheets is adjusted through solid-phase tackifying at a temperature of 120-200℃ and for a time of 4-24 hours.
[0119] The glass fiber cloth with plain weave structure (hereinafter referred to as plain weave glass fiber cloth) has a thickness of 0.35 mm, a fabric weight of 600 g / m2, and a continuous fiber orientation of 0° / 90°; the raw material glass fiber is of E6DR17-1200-352B grade from China Jushi Co., Ltd.; the plain weave glass fiber cloth is of EWR600T Plain Weave grade purchased from Tai’an Juli Co., Ltd.
[0120] The ultrathin glass fiber cloth with plain weave structure (hereinafter referred to as plain weave electronic cloth) has a thickness of 0.07 mm, a fabric weight of 104 g / m2, and a continuous fiber orientation of 0° / 90°; the raw material glass fiber is of EC E225 1 / 0 grade from Chongqing Polycomp International Corporation; the plain weave electronic cloth is of L2116-50FE Plain Weave grade purchased from Chongqing Tianhuan Material Technology Co., Ltd.
[0121] The glass fiber cloth with twill weave structure (hereinafter referred to as twill weave glass fiber cloth) has a thickness of 0.35 mm, a fabric weight of 600 g / m2, and a continuous fiber orientation of 0° / 90°; the raw material glass fiber is of China Jushi E6DR17-1200-352B grade; the twill weave glass fiber cloth is of EWR600T Twill Weave grade purchased from Tai’an Juli Co., Ltd.
[0122] Testing methods
[0123] 1. Determination of the viscosity of polyamide sheets or polyamide resin
[0124] The viscosity of polyamide sheet or polyamide resin was measured using an Anton Paar MCR302 Rheometer at a shear rate of 1 s-1, a frequency of 1 Hz, and a heating rate of 3℃ / s.
[0125] 2. Determination of melting point of polyamide sheets or polyamide resins
[0126] The melting point of the polyamide sheets or polyamide resin was measured according to ASTM D3418-2003.
[0127] 3. Determination of density of polyamide sheets or polyamide resin
[0128] The density of the polyamide sheets or polyamide resin was measured according to ASTM D792-2022.
[0129] 4. Determination of moisture content of polyamide sheets or polyamide resin
[0130] The moisture content of the polyamide sheets or polyamide resins was measured according to ISO 15512: 2019.
[0131] 5. Determination of mechanical properties of composites
[0132] The bending strength of the composite (or composite laminates) was measured according to ASTM D7264, the interlaminar shear strength was measured according to ASTM D2344, the tensile strength was measured according to ASTM D3039, and the tensile modulus was measured according to ASTM D3039.
[0133] 6. Determination of fiber mass content in composites
[0134] The fiber content in the composites (or composite laminates) was measured according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 9345.1-2008.
[0135] 7. Determination of fiber volume content in composites
[0136] The fiber volume content in the composites (or composite laminates) was measured according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2577-2005.
[0137] 8. Water immersion test for composites
[0138] The water immersion test for composites (or composite laminates) was performed with reference to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.30-2013, comprised steps of: a sample was fully immersed in distilled water at 23 ± 5℃ for 24 hours, then removed, wiped dry, and its morphology was observed after being stored at room temperature for 24 hours.
[0139] 9. Boiling water test for composites
[0140] The boiling water test for composites (or composite laminates) was performed with reference to the immersion test method specified in Chinese National Standard GB / T 17657-2023. Three identical samples (A, B, and C) were subjected to three groups of tests, respectively, as follows:
[0141] Test A: sample A was kept in water at 80 ± 2℃ for 30 minutes, then removed, cooled at room temperature for 2 hours, and its morphology was observed;
[0142] Test B: sample B was kept in water at 100 ± 2℃ for 30 minutes, then removed, cooled at room temperature for 2 hours, and its morphology was observed;
[0143] Test C: sample C was kept in water at 100 ± 2℃ for 2 hours, then removed, cooled at room temperature for 2 hours, and its morphology was observed.
[0144] 10. High-temperature test for composites
[0145] The high-temperature test for composites (or composite laminates) was performed according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.2-2008, and comprised steps of: setting the chamber temperature to 85℃, placing a sample in the chamber for baking for 48 hours, then taking it out, placing it at room temperature for 2 hours, and observing its morphology.
[0146] 11. Low-Temperature test for composites
[0147] The low-temperature test for composites (or composite laminates) was performed according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.1-2008, and comprised steps of: setting the chamber temperature to -40℃, placing a sample in the chamber for 72 hours, then taking it out, placing it at room temperature for 2 hours, and observing its morphology.
[0148] 12. Alternating damp heat test for composites
[0149] The alternating damp heat test for composites (or composite laminates) was performed with reference to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.4-2008 and comprised steps of: subjecting a sample to a temperature-varying and heat-preserving test cycle 4 times, and then maintaining the sample at 25℃ and 75%relative humidity for 2 hours, finally placing it at normal temperature for 2 hours before observing its morphology, wherein each temperature-varying and heat-preserving test cycle comprised steps of: placing a sampe in a temperature-humidity chamber, heating the sample from 25℃ to 55℃ within 3 hours under 95%relative humidity, and then keeping it at 55℃ and 95%relative humidity for 9 hours; subsequently, cooling it to 25℃ within 3 hours under 95%relative humidity, and keeping it at 25℃ and 95%relative humidity for 9 hours.
[0150] 13. Salt spray test for composites
[0151] The salt spray test for composites (or composite laminates) was performed according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.17-2024, with a salt spray duration of 48 hours.
[0152] 14. Surface energy test for composites
[0153] The surface energy test for composites (or composite laminates) was performed according to ISO 8296-2006.
[0154] 15. Drop hammer test for composites
[0155] The drop hammer test for composites (or composite laminates) was performed according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.55-2023.
[0156] 16. Contact angle test for composites
[0157] The contact angle test for composites (or composite laminates) was performed with reference to Chinese National Standard GB / T 30693-2014, using a 4μL water droplet for testing.
[0158] In the above test methods, the area of delaminated regions was measured using the ultrasonic testing device NovaScan V1.
[0159] Preparation Example 1: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet A1
[0160] The bio-based polyamide resin A1 with a melting point of 197℃ was heated and melted, and the resulting melt was cast on a cooling roller with a surface temperature of 50℃ through a T-die, which was then subjected to drawing and winding to prepare the polyamide sheet A1; wherein, the bio-based polyamide resin A1 was obtained by copolymerization of bio-based 1, 5-pentanediamine and tridecanedioic acid at a molar ratio of amine to acid of 1.05 : 1.
[0161] The obtained polyamide sheet A1 had a thickness of 0.1 mm, a density of 1.17g / cm3, a melting point of 197℃, and a viscosity of 515 Pa·s as measured at 280℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0162] Preparation Example 2: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet B1
[0163] The polyamide sheet B1 with a melting point of 266℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 1, except that the raw material used was the bio-based polyamide resin B1 which was obtained by copolymerization of bio-based 1, 5-pentanediamine, 1, 6-hexanediamine, hexanedioic acid, and terephthalic acid at a molar ratio of 5.05 : 5 : 4 : 6.
[0164] The obtained polyamide sheet B1 had a thickness of 0.1 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 266℃, and a viscosity of 413 Pa·s as measured at 330℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0165] Preparation Example 3: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet C1
[0166] The polyamide sheet C1 with a melting point of 298℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 1, except that the raw material used was the bio-based polyamide resin C1. The bio-based polyamide resin C1 was obtained by copolymerization of bio-based 1, 5-pentanediamine, dodecanedioic acid, and terephthalic acid at a molar ratio of 1 : 0.34 : 0.66.
[0167] The obtained polyamide sheet C1 had a thickness of 0.1 mm, a density of 1.14 g / cm3, a melting point of 298℃, and a viscosity of 881 Pa·s as measured at 340℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0168] Preparation Example 4: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet A4
[0169] The polyamide sheet A4 with a melting point of 197℃ was prepared using the same raw materials (bio-based polyamide resin A1) and process as in Preparation Example 1, except that the thickness of the obtained polyamide sheet A4 was 0.06 mm.
[0170] The obtained polyamide sheet A4 had a thickness of 0.06 mm, a density of 1.17g / cm3, a melting point of 197℃, and a viscosity of 515 Pa·s as measured at 280℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0171] Preparation Example 5: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet B3
[0172] The polyamide sheet B3 with a melting point of 266℃ was prepared using the same raw materials (bio-based polyamide resin B1) and process as in Preparation Example 2, except that the thickness of the obtained polyamide sheet B3 was 0.06 mm.
[0173] The obtained polyamide sheet B3 had a thickness of 0.06 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 266℃, and a viscosity of 413 Pa·s as measured at 330℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0174] Preparation Example 6: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet C3
[0175] The polyamide sheet C3 with a melting point of 298℃ was prepared using the same raw materials (bio-based polyamide resin C1) and process as in Preparation Example 3, except that the thickness of the obtained polyamide sheet C3 was 0.06 mm.
[0176] The obtained polyamide sheet C3 had a thickness of 0.06 mm, a density of 1.14 g / cm3, a melting point of 298℃, and a viscosity of 881 Pa·s as measured at 340℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0177] Preparation Example 7: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet A3
[0178] The polyamide sheet A3 with a melting point of 197℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 1, except that the raw material used was the solid-phase tackified bio-based polyamide resin A1, i.e., the bio-based polyamide resin A3, with a viscosity of 697 Pa·s.
[0179] The obtained polyamide sheet A3 had a thickness of 0.1 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 197℃, and a viscosity of 697 Pa·s as measured at 280℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0180] Preparation Example 8: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet B4
[0181] The polyamide sheet B4 with a melting point of 266℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 5, except that the raw material used was the solid-phase tackified bio-based polyamide resin B1, i.e., the bio-based polyamide resin B3, with a viscosity of 450 Pa·s.
[0182] The obtained polyamide sheet B4 had a thickness of 0.06 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 266℃, and a viscosity of 450 Pa·s as measured at 330℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0183] Preparation Example 9: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet B5
[0184] The polyamide sheet B5 with a melting point of 266℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 5, except that the raw material used was the solid-phase tackified bio-based polyamide resin B1, i.e., the bio-based polyamide resin B4, with a viscosity of 500 Pa·s.
[0185] The obtained polyamide sheet B5 had a thickness of 0.06 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 266℃, and a viscosity of 500 Pa·s as measured at 330℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0186] Preparation Example 10: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet B6
[0187] The polyamide sheet B6 with a melting point of 266℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 5, except that the raw material used was the solid-phase tackified bio-based polyamide resin B1, i.e., the bio-based polyamide resin B5, with a viscosity of 600 Pa·s.
[0188] The obtained polyamide sheet B6 had a thickness of 0.06 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 266℃, and a viscosity of 600 Pa·s as measured at 330℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1. Comparative Preparation Example 1: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet A2
[0189] The polyamide sheet A2 with a melting point of 197℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 1, except that the raw material used was the solid-phase tackified bio-based polyamide resin A1, i.e., the bio-based polyamide resin A2, with a viscosity of 1351 Pa·s.
[0190] The obtained polyamide sheet A2 had a thickness of 0.1 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 197℃, and a viscosity of 1351 Pa·s as measured at 280℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0191] Comparative Preparation Example 2: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet B2
[0192] The polyamide sheet B2 with a melting point of 266℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 1, except that the raw material used was the solid-phase tackified bio-based polyamide resin B1, i.e., the bio-based polyamide resin B2, with a viscosity of 1944 Pa·s.
[0193] The obtained polyamide sheet B2 had a thickness of 0.1 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 266℃, and a viscosity of 1944 Pa·s as measured at 330℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0194] Comparative Preparation Example 3: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet C2
[0195] The polyamide sheet C2 with a melting point of 298℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 1, except that the raw material used was the solid-phase tackified bio-based polyamide resin C1, i.e., the bio-based polyamide resin C2, with a viscosity of 1083 Pa·s.
[0196] The obtained polyamide sheet C2 had a thickness of 0.1 mm, a density of 1.14 g / cm3, a melting point of 298℃, and a viscosity of 1083 Pa·s as measured at 340℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0197] Comparative Preparation Example 4: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet B7
[0198] The polyamide sheet B7 with a melting point of 266℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 5, except that the raw material used was the solid-phase tackified bio-based polyamide resin B1, i.e., the bio-based polyamide resin B6, with a viscosity of 900 Pa·s.
[0199] The obtained polyamide sheet B7 had a thickness of 0.06 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 266℃, and a viscosity of 900 Pa·s as measured at 330℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0200] Comparative Preparation Example 5: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet B8
[0201] The polyamide sheet B8 with a melting point of 266℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 5, except that the raw material used was the solid-phase tackified bio-based polyamide resin B1, i.e., the bio-based polyamide resin B7, with a viscosity of 1200 Pa·s.
[0202] The obtained polyamide sheet B8 had a thickness of 0.06 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 266℃, and a viscosity of 1200 Pa·s as measured at 330℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0203] Comparative Preparation Example 6: Preparation of Polyamide Sheet B9
[0204] The polyamide sheet B9 with a melting point of 266℃ was prepared using the same process as in Preparation Example 5, except that the raw material used was the solid-phase tackified bio-based polyamide resin B1, i.e., the bio-based polyamide resin B8, with a viscosity of 1500 Pa·s.
[0205] The obtained polyamide sheet B9 had a thickness of 0.06 mm, a density of 1.17 g / cm3, a melting point of 266℃, and a viscosity of 1500 Pa·s as measured at 330℃ and shear rate of 1 s-1.
[0206] Example 1
[0207] S1: A plurality of polyamide sheets A1 and a plurality of twill weave glass fiber cloth were cut into the same size as the mold, a layer of mold release cloth was first placed on the upper mold plate and lower mold plate, respectively, then the polyamide sheet A1 and twill weave glass fiber cloth were placed in the middle in sequence; wherein, the polyamide sheet A1 was used as the first surface layer 100, and the twill weave glass fiber cloth was laid on the first surface layer 100 as the first intermediate layer 101, the polyamide sheet A1 was laid on the first intermediate layer 101 as the second intermediate layer 102, the twill weave glass fiber cloth and the polyamide sheet A1 were laid alternately in the same way, the last laid polyamide sheet A1 was used as the second surface layer 200, and a multilayer structure including 19 layers (see Figure 1) was obtained; wherein, there were a total of 10 layers of polyamide sheet A1 and a total of 9 layers of twill weave glass fiber cloth, two polyamide sheets A1 were located at both ends, respectively, serving as the first surface layer 100 and the second surface layer 200.
[0208] S2: The multilayer structure from step S1 was compression molded using a plate vulcanizing machine at a temperature of 280℃ for the compression molding machine by a process comprising preheating the multilayer structure at a pressure of 1 MPa for 8 minutes, followed by desgassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 6 minutes to prepare a fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate with a thickness of 4 mm and 9 layers of fiber fabric.
[0209] Example 2
[0210] S1: A multilayer structure was prepared using the same method as step S1 in Example 1, except that the polyamide sheet B1 was used instead of polyamide sheet A1.
[0211] S2: The multilayer structure from step S1 was compression molded using a plate vulcanizing machine at a temperature of 330℃ for the compression molding machineby a process comprising preheating the multilayer structure at a pressure of 1 MPa for 8 minutes, followed by desgassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 8 minutes to prepare a fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate with a thickness of 4 mm and 9 layers of fiber fabric.
[0212] Example 3
[0213] S1: A multilayer structure was prepared using the same method as step S1 in Example 1, except that the polyamide sheet C1 was used instead of polyamide sheet A1.
[0214] S2: The multilayer structure from step S1 was compression molded using a plate vulcanizing machine at a temperature of 340℃ for the compression molding machine by a process comprising preheating the multilayer structure at a pressure of 1 MPa for 10 minutes, followed by desgassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 9 minutes to prepare a fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate with a thickness of 4 mm and 9 layers of fiber fabric.
[0215] Example 4
[0216] The same method as in Example 1 was used to prepare the fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate, except that the plain weave glass fiber cloth was used instead of the twill weave glass fiber cloth.
[0217] Example 5
[0218] The same method as in Example 1 was used to prepare the fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate, except that the polyamide sheet A3 was used instead of polyamide sheet A1.
[0219] Comparative example 1
[0220] The same method as in Example 1 was used to prepare the fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate, except that the polyamide sheet A2 was used instead of polyamide sheet A1.
[0221] Comparative example 2
[0222] The same method as in Example 2 was used to prepare the fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate, except that the polyamide sheet B2 was used instead of polyamide sheet B1.
[0223] Comparative example 3
[0224] The same method as in Example 3 was used to prepare the fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate, except that the polyamide sheet C2 was used instead of polyamide sheet C1.
[0225] Example 6
[0226] S1: The multilayer structure was prepared using the same method as step S1 in Example 1, except that the polyamide sheet A4 was used instead of polyamide sheet A1, the plain weave electronic cloth was used instead of the twill weave glass fiber cloth, and a multilayer structure including 9 layers was obtained; wherein, there were a total of 5 layers of polyamide sheet A4 and a total of 4 layers of plain weave electronic cloth, two polyamide sheets A4 were located at both ends, respectively, serving as the first surface layer 100 and the second surface layer 200.
[0227] S2: The multilayer structure from step S1 was compression molded using a plate vulcanizing machine at a temperature of 280℃ for the compression molding machine by a process comprsing preheating the multilayer structure at a pressure of 1 MPa for 8 minutes, followed by desgassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 6 minutes to prepare a fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate with a thickness of 0.4 mm and 4 layers of fiber fabric.
[0228] Example 7
[0229] S1: A multilayer structure was prepared using the same method as step S1 in Example 6, except that the polyamide sheet B3 was used instead of polyamide sheet A4.
[0230] S2: The multilayer structure from step S1 was compression molded using a plate vulcanizing machine at a temperature of 330℃ for the compression molding machine by a process comprsing preheating the multilayer structure at a pressure of 1 MPa for 8 minutes, followed by desgassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 8 minutes to prepare a fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate with a thickness of 0.4 mm and 4 layers of fiber fabric.
[0231] Example 8
[0232] S1: A multilayer structure was prepared using the same method as step S1 in Example 6, except that the polyamide sheet C3 was used instead of polyamide sheet A4.
[0233] S2: The multilayer structure from step S1 was compression molded using a plate vulcanizing machine at a temperature of 340℃ for the compression molding machineby a process comprising preheating the multilayer structure at a pressure of 1 MPa for 10 minutes, followed by desgassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 9 minutes to prepare a fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate with a thickness of 0.4 mm and 4 layers of fiber fabric.
[0234] Example 9
[0235] S1: A multilayer structure was prepared using the same method as step S1 in Example 7, except that the polyamide sheet B4 was used instead of polyamide sheet B3.
[0236] S2: The multilayer structure from step S1 was compression molded using a plate vulcanizing machine at a temperature of 330℃ for the compression molding machine by a process comprsing preheating the multilayer structure at a pressure of 1 MPa for 10 minutes, followed by desgassing and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 8 minutes to prepare a fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate with a thickness of 0.4 mm and 4 layers of fiber fabric.
[0237] Example 10
[0238] S1: A multilayer structure was prepared using the same method as step S1 in Example 7, except that the polyamide sheet B5 was used instead of polyamide sheet B3.
[0239] S2: The multilayer structure from step S1 was compression molded using a plate vulcanizing machine at a temperature of 330℃ for the temperature of the compression molding machine by a process comprising preheating the multilayer structure at a pressure of 1 MPa for 10 minutes, followed by degassing, and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 8 minutes to prepare a fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate with a thickness of 0.4 mm and 4 layers of fiber fabric.
[0240] Example 11
[0241] S1: A multilayer structure was prepared using the same method as step S1 in Example 7, except that the polyamide sheet B6 was used instead of polyamide sheet B3.
[0242] S2: The multilayer structure from step S1 was compression molded using a plate vulcanizing machine at a temperature of 330℃ for the compression molding machine by a process comprising preheating the multilayer structure at a pressure of 1 MPa for 10 minutes, followed by degassing, and then maintaining a pressure of 8 MPa for 8 minutes to prepare a fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate with a thickness of 0.4 mm and 4 layers of fiber fabric.
[0243] Comparative example 4
[0244] The same method as in Example 7 was used to prepare the fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate, except that the polyamide sheet B7 was used instead of polyamide sheet B3.
[0245] Comparative example 5
[0246] The same method as in Example 7 was used to prepare the fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate, except that the polyamide sheet B8 was used instead of polyamide sheet B3.
[0247] Comparative example 6
[0248] The same method as in Example 7 was used to prepare the fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composite laminate, except that the polyamide sheet B9 was used instead of polyamide sheet B3.
[0249] According to the aforementioned methods, relevant performance tests were carried out on the composite laminates prepared in Examples and Comparative examples, and the results are shown in Tables 1-2.
[0250] Table 1
[0251] Table 2
[0252] In accordance with the aforementioned methods, the composite laminate samples prepared in some Examples and Comparative Examples were subjected to relevant tests, and the results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
[0253] Table 3: Reliability test results of 3C products
[0254] Table 4: Reliability test results of 3C products
[0255] According to the results in Table 1, it can be seen that Examples 1 to 11 of the present disclosure are capable of preparing composites with excellent mechanical properties by using polyamide sheets with specific viscosity as raw materials, and the preparation method is simple in operation, has great prospects for industrial scal-up applications and can meet the needs of energy conservation and emission reduction, and lightweight construction in various fields. Among them, the ultrathin glass fiber cloth with plain weave structure is used in Examples 6 to 11 as the reinforcing material to prepare composites with thin thickness and excellent mechanical properties (such as tensile strength of up to 340 MPa or more) , which can be applied in 3C products, copper-clad laminates, and aeronautics and astronautics fields, etc., thus expanding the application of the fiber fabric reinforced polyamide composites in the mid-to-high end fields. In addition, Table 4 selected the samples from Example 7 for further testing of reliability test items, and their test results further confirm the feasibility of applying fiber reinforced polyamide ultra-thin composite in the 3C field.
[0256] The difference between Example 1 and Comparative example 1 lies in that the viscosity of the polyamide sheet used is different, the polyamide sheet A1 in Example 1 has a viscosity of 515 Pa·s at 280℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1, while the corresponding viscosity in Comparative example 1 is 1351 Pa·s. From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the mechanical properties such as bending strength and interlaminar shear strength, etc., of the composite in Example 1 are significantly higher than those of the material in Comparative example 1. The mechanical properties of materials determine the load bearing capacity and stability of components and structures in the fields such as automobiles and aeronautics and astronautics, etc., while lower mechanical properties are not conducive to the safety, performance, and durability of materials in subsequent applications.
[0257] The comparison results of performances of the composites of Example 2 and Comparative example 2, as well as Example 3 and Comparative example 3, are similar to those of Example 1 and Comparative example 1 mentioned above. Therefore, on the basis of keeping the melting point of polyamide sheets unchanged, by using the polyamide sheets with a viscosity of 1000 Pa·s or less under certain conditions to prepare the fiber reinforced composites, the mechanical properties of the materials can be improved and thus the quality of the materials can be improved.
[0258] Unless specifically limited, the terms as used in the present disclosure have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art.
[0259] Embodiments described in the present disclosure are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art may make various other substitutions, changes, and improvements within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and is limited only by the claims.
Claims
A fiber reinforced composite comprising a resin matrix and one or more layers of fiber fabric provided in the resin matrix comprising a polyamide resin; wherein, the polyamide resin has a viscosity of 1000 Pa·s or less as measured by a rotational rheometer under conditions of a testing temperature of 200-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.The composite according to claim 1, wherein it is prepared by lamination molding a multilayer structure comprising one or more layers of polyamide sheets and one or more layers of fiber fabrics, wherein one or more layers of fiber fabric are interposed in multiple layers of the polyamide sheets.The composite according to claim 2, wherein the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a viscosity of 350-900 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 200-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1; and / or,the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a melting point of 150-320℃; and / or,the polyamide sheet has a thickness of 0.05-1 mm; and / or,the fiber fabric has a thickness of 0.05-0.5 mm; and / or,the fiber fabric has a fabric weight of 650 g / m2 or less.The composite according to claim 2, wherein the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a melting point of 150-240℃, and a viscosity of 350-700 Pa·s, preferably 505-525 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 230-280℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1; or,the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a melting point of 240-270℃, and a viscosity of 400-700 Pa·s, preferably 400-450 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 280-330℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1; or,the polyamide sheet or polyamide resin has a melting point of 270-320℃, and a viscosity of 700-900 Pa·s, preferably 870-895 Pa·s as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 300-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1; and / or,the polyamide sheet has a thickness of 0.05-0.3 mm; and / or,the fiber fabric has a thickness of 0.3-0.4 mm; and / or,the fiber fabric has a fabric weight of 50-650 g / m2.The composite according to claim 2, wherein the polyamide sheet has a thickness of 0.05-0.1 mm; and / or,the fiber fabric has a thickness of 0.05-0.1 mm; and / or,based on the total weight of the polyamide sheets and the fiber fabrics, the fiber fabrics are contained in a mass content of 50%-85%; and / or,the fiber fabrics are contained in a volume content of 30%-72%with respect to the total volume of the composite.The composite according to claim 2, wherein based on the total weight of the polyamide sheets and the fiber fabrics, the fiber fabrics are contained in a mass content of 70%-80%; and / or,the fiber fabrics are contained in a volume content of 55%-65%with respect to the total volume of the composite; and / or,the polyamide resin comprises a diamine structural unit including -NH (CH2) 5NH-and a dibasic acid structural unit derived from dibasic acids, which comprise one or more selected from aliphatic dibasic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and aromatic dibasic acids having 8 to 10 carbon atoms.The composite according to claim 2, wherein the fiber fabric comprises continuous fiber cloth and / or continuous fiber yarn; and / or,the fiber fabric comprises continuous fibers, which comprise one or more selected from glass fiber, carbon fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber, natural fiber, metal fiber, boron fiber, and silicon carbide fiber; and / or,the fiber fabric comprises one or more of checkered fabrics, non-crimp fabrics, and three-dimensional fabrics; and / or,the continuous fibers in the fiber fabric are oriented at a cross angle of 0-90°; and / or,based on the total weight of the polyamide sheets and the fiber fabrics, the fiber fabrics are contained in a mass content of 55%-70%; and / or,the fiber fabrics are contained in a volume content of 35%-45%with respect to the total volume of the composite; and / or,the polyamide sheet has a density of 1.0-1.2 g / cm3; and / or,the polyamide sheet has a moisture content of 500 ppm or less; and / or,monomers for preparing the polyamide resin comprise diamines including pentanediamine and dibasic acids including one or more selected from aliphatic dibasic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and aromatic dibasic acids having 8 to 10 carbon atoms.The composite according to claim 7, wherein the polyamide sheet has a moisture content of 50-500 ppm; and / or,the diamines comprise pentanediamine and other diamines which comprises one or more selected from aliphatic diamines having 4 to 16 carbon atoms excluding pentanediamine; and / or,the aliphatic dibasic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms comprise one or more selected from butanedioic acid, pentanedioic acid, hexanedioic acid, heptanedioic acid, octanedioic acid, nonandioic acid, decanedioic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, heptadecadienoic acid, and octadecanedioic acid; and / or,the aromatic dibasic acids comprise one, two, or three of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and phthalic acid; or,the polyamide resin is obtained by copolymerization of pentanediamine and a long carbon chain dibasic acid, and has a melting point of 190-220℃; and the long carbon chain dibasic acid comprises one or more selected from decanedioic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, heptadecadienoic acid, and octadecanedioic acid; or,the polyamide resin is obtained by copolymerization of pentanediamine, a long carbon chain dibasic acid, and terephthalic acid, and has a melting point of 190-320℃; and the long carbon chain dibasic acid is one or more selected from decanedioic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, heptadecadienoic acid, and octadecanedioic acid.The composite according to claim 8, wherein the other diamines comprise one or more selected from butanediamine, hexanediamine, heptanediamine, octanediamine, nonanediamine, decanediamine, undecanediamine, dodecanediamine, tridecanediamine, tetradecanediamine, pentadecanediamine, and hexadecanediamine; or,the polyamide resin is obtained by copolymerization of pentanediamine, hexanedioic acid, and terephthalic acid, and has a melting point of 240-320℃; or,the polyamide resin is obtained by copolymerization of pentanediamine, hexanediamine, hexanedioic acid, and terephthalic acid, and has a melting point of 230-320℃.The composite according to claim 1, wherein,the composite exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a boiling water test, wherein the boiling water test is performed with reference to the immersion test method specified in Chinese National Standard GB / T 17657-2023, and comprises steps of: maintaining the composite in plate form in water at 80 ± 2℃ for 30 minutes, or in water at 100±2℃ for 30 minutes, or in water at 100 ± 2℃ for 2 hours; then taking the composite out, cooling it at room temperature for 2 hours, and observing its morphology; and / orthe composite exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a high-temperature test, wherein the high-temperature test is performed according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.2-2008 and comprises steps of: keeping the composite in plate form at 85℃for 48 hours, then placing it at room temperature for 2 hours, and observing its morphology; and / orthe composite exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to an alternating damp heat test, wherein the composite is in plate form and the alternating damp heat test is performed with reference to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.4-2008, and comprises steps of: subjecting the composite in plate form to a temperature-varying and heat-preserving test cycle 4 times, and then maintaining the composite at 25℃ and 75%relative humidity for 2 hours, placing it at normal temperature for 2 hours before observing its morphology, wherein each temperature-varying and heat-preserving test cycle comprises steps of: heating the composite from 25℃ to 55℃ within 3 hours under 95%relative humidity, and then keeping it at 55℃ and 95%relative humidity for 9 hours; subsequently, cooling it to 25℃ within 3 hours under 95%relative humidity, and keeping it at 25℃ and 95%relative humidity for 9 hours; and / orthe composite exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a water immersion test, wherein the water immersion test is performed with reference to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.30-2013 and comprises steps of: completely immersing the composite in plate form in water at 23 ± 5℃ for 24 hours, then taking it out, placing it at room temperature for 24 hours, and observing its morphology; and / orthe composite exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a low-temperature test, wherein the low-temperature test is performed according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.1-2008, and comprises steps of: keeping the composite in the form of a plate at -40℃ for 72 hours, then placing it at room temperature for 2 hours before observing its morphology; and / orthe composite exhibits no deformation, delamination, or blistering when subjected to a salt spray test, wherein the composite is in plate form, and the salt spray test is performed according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.17-2024; and / orthe composite has a dyne value of 32 dyn / cm or more, as determined according to ISO 8296-2006; and / orthe composite exhibits no tearing when subjected to a drop hammer test, as determined according to Chinese National Standard GB / T 2423.55-2023; and / orthe composite has a contact angle X, wherein 70° ≤ X ≤ 100°, as determined with reference to Chinese National Standard GB / T 30693-2014.A method for preparing the fiber reinforced composite according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising compression molding a multilayer structure to obtain the fiber reinforced composite; wherein, the multilayer structure comprises one or more layers of polyamide sheet and one or more layers of fiber fabric.The method according to claim 11, wherein the compression molding process comprises steps of the multilayer structure being preheated at a pressure of 0-1 MPa for 5-10 minutes, followed by degassing and a pressure of 5-8 MPa being maintained for 6-9 minutes, wherein the compression molding process is carried out at 20-100℃ above melting point of the polyamide sheet; and / or,the multilayer structure comprises a first surface layer, at least one intermediate layer, and a second surface layer arranged in sequence, wherein the first and second surface layers are both polyamide sheets, and the at least one intermediate layer comprises fiber fabric.Use of a polyamide sheet in the preparation of a fiber reinforced composite, wherein the fiber reinforced composite is prepared through a lamination molding process, and the polyamide sheet has a viscosity of 1000 Pa·s or less as measured under conditions of a testing temperature of 200-340℃ and a shear rate of 1 s-1.A polyamide plate comprising the fiber reinforced composite according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or the fiber reinforced composite obtained by the method according to claim 11 or 12.A product comprising the polyamide plate according to claim 14.The product according to claim 15, wherein it is a molded product.
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