Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

A communication method and apparatus, applicable to paging of an IoT device. The method comprises: a first terminal apparatus determines, on the basis of first information, a third time domain resource in a first time unit, and sends a random access message within the third time domain resource. The first time unit belongs to N time units, the N time units are time units between two consecutive first messages. Each first message is used for triggering the first terminal apparatus to access a network, and N is a positive integer. The first time unit comprises a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, and the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access opportunities. The third time domain resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource. In the present application, one time unit has a plurality of random access opportunities, and a terminal apparatus can select one of the plurality of random access opportunities to perform access. Different terminal apparatuses can perform access in the same time unit by means of TDMA, thereby improving access efficiency.

Description

Communication method and apparatus

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202411366239.0, filed on September 27, 2024, and titled “A communication method and apparatus”, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0004] At present, Internet of Things (IoT) devices have been applied in various fields, such as medical treatment, wearable devices, smart home, etc.

[0005] In IoT, an IoT device can first access a network and then perform data transmission with a network device. The IoT device performs access based on a competition mode, and if the access fails, the IoT device tries to access again in the next round. This competition mode can cause the access time of some IoT devices to be longer, which cannot meet the low-power consumption requirement of these IoT devices. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and apparatus, which can help to improve the efficiency of IoT device access to a network and save the energy consumption of the IoT device.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a terminal-side apparatus (also referred to as a terminal apparatus). For example, the terminal apparatus can be a terminal device or a module or unit for completing part of the functions of the terminal device, such as a circuit or a chip / chip system or other functional module in the terminal device. Or the terminal apparatus can be a logic node, a logic module or a software module for implementing all or part of the functions of the terminal device. For the convenience of description, the method is taken as an example below. Optionally, the first terminal apparatus is an ambient IoT (AIoT) device, for example, the first terminal apparatus is a tag.

[0009] The method comprises: a first terminal device determining a third time domain resource in a first time unit according to first information, and sending a random access message in the third time domain resource. The first time unit belongs to N time units, the N time units are time units between two continuous first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access a network, and N is a positive integer. The first time unit comprises a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, and the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access opportunities. The third time domain resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource.

[0010] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a network side device (also referred to as a network device). For example, the network device can be a network equipment, a component (such as a circuit, a chip or a chip system, etc.) in the network equipment, or a module or unit used to complete part or all functions of the network equipment. Alternatively, the network device can be a logic node, a logic module or a software module implementing all or part of the functions of the network equipment. For the convenience of description, the method is taken as an example below. Alternatively, the network device is a card reader or a card reader / writer.

[0011] The method comprises: a network device determining a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, and receiving a random access message from a first terminal device in a third time domain resource, the third time domain resource being the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource. The first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access opportunities. The first time domain resource and the second time domain resource belong to a first time unit, and the first time unit belongs to N time units, the N time units being time units between two continuous first messages, the first message being used to trigger the first terminal device to access a network, and N being a positive integer.

[0012] In the scheme provided in the first aspect or the second aspect, there are multiple random access opportunities in one time unit (for example, the first time unit). Any terminal device (for example, the first terminal device) can select one random access opportunity from the multiple random access opportunities to perform access. Different terminal devices can perform access in a time division multiple access (TDMA) manner in the same time unit, so as to access the network as soon as possible and improve the access efficiency.

[0013] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the method further comprises: the first terminal device receiving first information. The first information can be used to indicate a starting position of the first time domain resource. Alternatively, the first information can be used to indicate a first offset, the first offset being an offset between an ending position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset being an offset between a starting position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource.

[0014] Correspondingly, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes: sending, by the network device, the first information. The first information can be used to indicate the starting position of the first time domain resource. Alternatively, the first information can be used to indicate a first offset, which is an offset between the ending position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset is an offset between the starting position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource.

[0015] The scheme provides two ways for the network device to configure the multiple time domain resources included in the first time unit through the first information. For example, the first information can indicate the starting position of one or more time domain resources. For another example, the first information can indicate an offset between two time domain resources, so that another time domain resource can be determined based on one of the time domain resources and the offset between the two time domain resources. The specific way used is not limited.

[0016] In a possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect, the first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message.

[0017] In the scheme, the multiple time domain resources included in the first time unit can be predefined, or the multiple time domain resources included in the first time unit are associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message, so that the network device does not need to be configured through additional signaling, and signaling overhead can be saved.

[0018] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the determining, by the first terminal device, the third time domain resource in the first time unit according to the first information includes: determining, by the first terminal device, a number n, and determining the third time domain resource according to the number n. The number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set. When the number n belongs to the second value set, the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource; or when the number n belongs to the third value set, the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource.

[0019] The value sets corresponding to different time domain resources are different, so that the first terminal device can select a corresponding time domain resource from the multiple time domain resources to perform access according to the value set in which the number n is located.

[0020] In an implementation form of the first aspect or the second aspect, the ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than the starting position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length; when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length. The fourth time domain resource is used for starting to receive the random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit. An absolute value of a difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than a time length occupied by the second time domain resource.

[0021] The scheme specifies a relationship that needs to be met between the fourth time domain resource and the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource. For example, in the case that the ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than the starting position of the second time domain resource, an absolute value of a difference between the second time length and the third time length needs to be greater than a time length occupied by the second time domain resource. In this way, when multiple random access opportunities correspond to one fourth time domain resource, or multiple terminal devices can correspond to one random access response message, a time position at which terminal devices that send random access messages on different time domain resources wait to receive random access responses can be coordinated, and the success rate of the first terminal device receiving the random access response message is improved.

[0022] In an implementation form of the first aspect or the second aspect, the fourth time domain resource includes a first time length, and the first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in the starting identifier included in the random access response message.

[0023] In the scheme, the fourth time domain resource includes the first time length, and the first terminal device can start to receive the random access response message within the first time length. Compared with the first terminal device starting to receive the random access response message after the first time length, the scheme can access the network as early as possible and improve the access efficiency.

[0024] In an implementation form of the first aspect or the second aspect, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer; or the second value set is an even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is an odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer.

[0025] The scheme provides two division manners of the first value set, and the division manner of the first value set and the number of the divided value sets are not limited. For example, the first value set can further include a fourth value set, and the fourth value set corresponds to a fourth time domain resource. When the number n belongs to the fourth value set, the first terminal device determines to perform access in the fourth time domain resource.

[0026] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving, by the first terminal device, the first parameter, the first parameter comprising Q, for indicating the N time units.

[0027] Correspondingly, in an implementation form of the second aspect, the method further includes: transmitting, by the network device, the first parameter, the first parameter comprising Q, for indicating the N time units.

[0028] This scheme can flexibly configure the N time units based on the first parameter, so that the plurality of terminal devices can access the network in turn.

[0029] In a third aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a terminal-side device (also referred to as a terminal device). The terminal device can refer to the description of the terminal device in the first aspect described above, which will not be described here. For ease of description, the method is taken as an example applied to a first terminal device. Optionally, the first terminal device is an AIoT device, for example, the first terminal device is a tag.

[0030] The method includes: determining, by the first terminal device, a third time-frequency resource in a first time unit according to first information and second information, and transmitting a random access message in the third time-frequency resource. The first time unit belongs to N time units, the N time units are time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, and N is a positive integer. The first time unit includes a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, and the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access opportunities. The first time unit is associated with a first frequency domain resource and a second frequency domain resource, the time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource. The frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource. The second information can be used to determine the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource.

[0031] In a fourth aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a network-side device (also referred to as a network device). The network device can refer to the description of the terminal device in the first aspect described above, which will not be described here. For ease of description, the method is taken as an example applied to a network device. Optionally, the network device is a card reader or a card reader / writer.

[0032] The method comprises: determining, by a network device, a first time-frequency resource and a second time-frequency resource, and receiving, at a third time-frequency resource, a random access message from a first terminal device. The time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource, and the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access message opportunities. The first time domain resource and the second time domain resource belong to a first time unit, and the first time unit belongs to N time units, the N time units being time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message being used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, and N being a positive integer. The frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource, and the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource belong to M frequency domain resources associated with the first time unit, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0033] Compared with the scheme of the first aspect or the second aspect, in the third aspect, one time unit (for example, the first time unit) is associated with a plurality of (for example, M) frequency domain resources, for example, the first time unit is associated with the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource. The first terminal device can further determine the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource according to the second information. In this way, any terminal device (for example, the first terminal device) can select one of the plurality of random access opportunities and / or one of the plurality of frequency domain resources to perform access. Through this scheme, different terminal devices can simultaneously perform access through TDMA and / or frequency division multiple access (FDMA) in the same time unit, so as to access the network as soon as possible and improve the access efficiency.

[0034] In an implementation form of the third aspect, the method further comprises: receiving, by the first terminal device, the first information and the second information. The first information can be used to indicate the starting position of the first time domain resource. Alternatively, the first information can be used to indicate a first offset, the first offset being an offset between the end position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset being an offset between the starting position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource. The second information is used to indicate one of the M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, the second information comprises M second parameters, and the M second parameters correspond to the M frequency domain resources.

[0035] Correspondingly, in an implementation form of the fourth aspect, the method further includes: sending, by the network device, the first information and the second information. The first information can be used to indicate the starting position of the first time domain resource. Alternatively, the first information can be used to indicate a first offset, which is an offset between the ending position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset is an offset between the starting position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource. The second information is used to indicate one of the M frequency domain resources, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, the second information includes M second parameters, which correspond to the M frequency domain resources.

[0036] In an implementation form of the third aspect or the fourth aspect, the first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message.

[0037] In an implementation form of the third aspect, determining, by the first terminal device, the third time domain resource in the first time unit according to the first information includes: determining, by the first terminal device, a number n, and determining the third time domain resource according to the number n. Wherein, the number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set. When the number n belongs to the second value set, the time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first time domain resource; or when the number n belongs to the third value set, the time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second time domain resource.

[0038] In an implementation form of the third aspect, when the number n belongs to the second value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource; or when the number n belongs to the third value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second frequency domain resource. Alternatively, when the number n belongs to the second value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second frequency domain resource; or when the number n belongs to the third value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource.

[0039] In an implementation form of the third aspect or the fourth aspect, the ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than the starting position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length; when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length. Wherein, the fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving the random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit. The absolute value of the difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than the time length occupied by the second time domain resource.

[0040] In an implementation form of the third aspect or the fourth aspect, the fourth time domain resource includes a first time length, and the first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in the starting identifier included in the random access response message.

[0041] In an implementation form of the third aspect or the fourth aspect, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer; or, the second value set is even numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is odd numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer.

[0042] In an implementation form of the third aspect, the method further includes: receiving, by the first terminal device, a first parameter, the first parameter including Q, used to indicate the N time units.

[0043] Correspondingly, in an implementation form of the fourth aspect, the method further includes: sending, by the network device, a first parameter, the first parameter including Q, used to indicate the N time units.

[0044] In an implementation form of the third aspect, the method further includes: selecting, by the first terminal device, a second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and determining the frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter as the first frequency domain resource. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

[0045] In an implementation form of the third aspect or the fourth aspect, the third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, the candidate value set including at least one value, and a sum of the at least one value being equal to 1.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the third aspect or the fourth aspect and the respective implementation forms can refer to the beneficial effects of the first aspect and the respective implementation forms, which will not be repeated here.

[0047] In the fifth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication device having the functions of implementing the behaviors in the method instances of any of the first aspect to the fourth aspect, and the beneficial effects can refer to the related descriptions of the first aspect or the second aspect, which will not be repeated here. For example, the communication device can be the first terminal device in the first aspect or the third aspect, or the communication device can be a device capable of supporting the functions required for the terminal device to implement the method provided by the first aspect, for example, the communication device can be a chip or a chip system in the terminal device. For another example, the communication device can be the network device in the second aspect or the fourth aspect, or the communication device can be a device capable of supporting the functions required for the network device to implement the method provided by the second aspect, for example, the communication device can be a chip or a chip system in the network device.

[0048] In a possible design, the communication device includes a baseband device and a radio frequency device.

[0049] In a possible design of the communication apparatus, the communication apparatus includes corresponding means or modules or units for performing the methods in any of the first aspect to the fourth aspect. The modules or means or units can be implemented by software or by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware. For example, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (also referred to as a processing module or a processor) and / or a transceiver unit (also referred to as a transceiver module or a transceiver). The transceiver unit can implement the sending function and the receiving function. When the transceiver unit implements the sending function, the transceiver unit can be referred to as a sending unit (also referred to as a sending module). When the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, the transceiver unit can be referred to as a receiving unit (also referred to as a receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional unit, which is referred to as a transceiver unit and can implement the sending function and the receiving function. Alternatively, the sending unit and the receiving unit can be different functional units, and the transceiver unit refers to both of the functional units. The units (modules) can perform the corresponding functions in the method examples of any of the first aspect to the fourth aspect. For details, refer to the detailed description of the method examples, which are not repeated here.

[0050] For example, the communication apparatus is used to implement the corresponding functions in the method examples of the first aspect. Accordingly, the processing module can be used to determine the third time domain resource in the first time unit according to the first information. The transceiver module is used to send the random access message in the third time domain resource. The first time unit belongs to N time units, the N time units are time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal apparatus to access the network, and N is a positive integer. The first time unit includes the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource, and the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access opportunities. The third time domain resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource.

[0051] For another example, the communication apparatus is used to implement the corresponding functions in the method examples of the second aspect. Accordingly, the processing module is used to determine the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource. The transceiver module is used to receive the random access message from the first terminal apparatus in the third time domain resource. The third time domain resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource. The first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access message opportunities. The first time domain resource and the second time domain resource belong to the first time unit, and the first time unit belongs to N time units, the N time units are time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal apparatus to access the network, and N is a positive integer.

[0052] For example, the communication apparatus is configured to implement the corresponding functions in the method examples of the third aspect. Correspondingly, the processing module can be configured to determine the third time-frequency resource in the first time unit according to the first information and the second information. The transceiver module is configured to transmit the random access message in the third time-frequency resource. Wherein, the first time unit belongs to N time units, the N time units are time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, and N is a positive integer. The first time unit includes a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, and the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access opportunities. The first time unit is associated with a first frequency domain resource and a second frequency domain resource, the time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource. The frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource. The second information can be used to determine the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource.

[0053] For another example, the communication apparatus is configured to implement the corresponding functions in the method examples of the fourth aspect. Correspondingly, the processing module is configured to determine the first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource. The transceiver module is configured to receive the random access message from the first terminal device in the third time-frequency resource. Wherein, the time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource, and the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access message opportunities. The first time domain resource and the second time domain resource belong to the first time unit, and the first time unit belongs to N time units, the N time units are time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, and N is a positive integer. The frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource, and the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource belong to M frequency domain resources associated with the first time unit, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0054] In the sixth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication apparatus, which comprises a processor configured to cause the method in any of the first aspect to the fourth aspect and any of the implementation manners thereof to be executed. Optionally, the communication apparatus further comprises a communication interface. Optionally, the communication apparatus further comprises a memory for storing computer programs (which can also be referred to as codes or instructions), data, etc. The processor is coupled with the memory and the communication interface. When the processor reads the computer programs, data, etc. from the memory, the method in any of the first aspect to the fourth aspect and any of the implementation manners thereof is caused to be executed.

[0055] In the seventh aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication apparatus, which comprises an input / output interface and a logic circuit. The input / output interface is configured to input and / or output information. The input / output interface can be an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or a related circuit, etc. The logic circuit is configured to execute the method in any of the first aspect to the fourth aspect.

[0056] In the sixth and seventh aspects, the communication apparatus can be the first terminal device in the first or third aspect. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be an apparatus capable of supporting functions required by a terminal device to implement the method provided in the first or third aspect, for example, the communication apparatus can be a chip or chip system in the terminal device. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be the network device in the second or fourth aspect. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be an apparatus capable of supporting functions required by a network device to implement the method provided in the second or fourth aspect, for example, the communication apparatus can be a chip or chip system in the network device. The chip can be a baseband chip and / or a radio frequency chip, and the chip system can be composed of a chip or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0057] In an implementation process of the seventh aspect, when the communication apparatus is a terminal device, the interface circuit can be a radio frequency processing chip in the terminal device, and the processing circuit can be a baseband processing chip in the terminal device. When the communication apparatus is a network device, the interface circuit can be a radio frequency processing chip in the network device, and the processing circuit can be a baseband processing chip in the network device.

[0058] In an implementation process of the seventh aspect, when the communication apparatus is a chip or chip system, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the logic circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, etc. The input received by the input circuit can be received by, for example but not limited to, a receiver and input, the output output by the output circuit can be output to, for example but not limited to, a transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. The specific implementation of the input / output interface and the logic circuit is not limited in the present application.

[0059] In an implementation process of the seventh aspect, when the communication apparatus is a chip or chip system, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the logic circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, etc. The input received by the input circuit can be received by, for example but not limited to, a receiver and input, the output output by the output circuit can be output to, for example but not limited to, a transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. The specific implementation of the input / output interface and the logic circuit is not limited in the present application.

[0060] In an implementation process of the seventh aspect, when the communication apparatus is a chip or chip system, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the logic circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, etc. The input received by the input circuit can be received by, for example but not limited to, a receiver and input, the output output by the output circuit can be output to, for example but not limited to, a transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. The specific implementation of the input / output interface and the logic circuit is not limited in the present application.

[0061] In a tenth aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product containing instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the method of any of the first aspect to the fourth aspect and any implementation thereof to be implemented.

[0062] The advantages of the fifth aspect to the tenth aspect and the implementation thereof are referred to the advantages of the first aspect and any implementation thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0063] FIG. 1-2 are schematic diagrams of a communication system to which the embodiments of the present application are applicable;

[0064] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working mode of a reader / writer and a tag;

[0065] FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of the data transmission structure from the reader / writer to the tag;

[0066] FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of the data transmission structure from the tag to the reader / writer;

[0067] FIG. 5-6 are communication flow diagrams of the tag accessing the network;

[0068] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0069] FIG. 8-9 are several schematic diagrams of the FDMA resource allocation provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0070] FIG. 10-11 are several schematic diagrams of the random resource allocation provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0071] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0072] FIG. 13 is another schematic diagram of a structure of the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] Embodiments of the present application provide technical solutions that can be applied to an IoT system, such as an ambient IoT (A-IoT / AIoT), a narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT), a wireless fidelity (WIFI), a Bluetooth, a starlink, and the like. IoT technology is widely used in various industries, for example, IoT technology can be applied to logistics, warehousing, industrial manufacturing, identity recognition, or environmental monitoring, and the like. IoT is based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. RFID technology is a non-contact communication technology realized by using radio frequency communication. The principle is that a reader and a tag do not need to be in contact, and data communication is realized through radio waves.

[0074] For example, please refer to FIG. 1, which shows a communication system to which embodiments of the present application are applicable. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system includes a network device and an AIoT device. The AIoT device can be a standalone device, or the AIoT device can be integrated with a terminal device, that is, the AIoT device is part of the terminal device. In the communication system, the network device can communicate with the AIoT device. It should be noted that FIG. 1 takes the network device as an example of a device that communicates with the AIoT device. In possible scenarios, the device that communicates with the AIoT device can be a device other than the network device, such as a terminal device.

[0075] For another example, please refer to FIG. 2, which shows a schematic diagram of another communication system to which embodiments of the present application are applicable. As shown in FIG. 2, the communication system includes a network device, an intermediate node, and an AIoT device, wherein the intermediate node can forward information between the network device and the AIoT device. FIG. 2 takes a terminal device as an example of an intermediate node, that is, the terminal device acts as an intermediate node between the network device and the AIoT device. The AIoT device transmits information to the terminal device, and the terminal device forwards the information to the network device through a Uu interface; or the network device transmits information to the terminal device, and the terminal device forwards the information to the AIoT device; or based on pre-authorized or pre-configured resources of the network device, the terminal device performs bidirectional communication with the AIoT device through an AIoT air interface.

[0076] The intermediate node can also be a device other than the terminal device, for example, the intermediate node can be a network device. For example, the network device can be located outdoors, and the terminal device and the AIoT device can be located indoors, which means that the network device outdoors communicates with the AIoT device indoors through the intermediate node indoors. Optionally, the intermediate node can be referred to as an intermediate terminal device (intermediate UE). For another example, the intermediate node can be an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node. The IAB node can serve as an intermediate node between the network device and the AIoT device, and the AIoT device transmits information to the IAB node, and the IAB node forwards the information to the network device through a Uu interface; or the network device transmits information to the IAB node, and the IAB node forwards the information to the AIoT device. Based on the resources pre-authorized or pre-configured by the network device, the IAB node can also perform bidirectional communication with the AIoT device through an AIoT air interface. For another example, the intermediate node can be a relay node. The relay node can serve as an intermediate node between the network device and the AIoT device, and the AIoT device transmits information to the relay node, and the relay node forwards the information to the network device through a Uu interface; or the network device transmits information to the relay node, and the relay node forwards the information to the AIoT device. Based on the resources pre-authorized or pre-configured by the network device, the relay node can also perform bidirectional communication with the AIoT device through an AIoT air interface.

[0077] Optionally, the energy required by the AIoT device to transmit information can be provided by an excitation signal, and the excitation signal can come from an exciter. The exciter can be a network device, or a terminal device, or the exciter can be a device other than the network device and the terminal device.

[0078] In possible scenarios, the functions of the device (for example, the reader / writer) communicating with the AIoT device can be further separated. The reader / writer can be divided into a receiver and an exciter in terms of function, and the receiver and the exciter can be deployed on different network devices, for example, the receiver is deployed on a first network device, and the exciter is deployed on a second network device. The first network device can perform the receiving function of the reader / writer. The second network device can perform the transmitting function of the reader / writer. The receiver is also referred to as a receiving end or a receiving unit, and the exciter is also referred to as an exciting end or an exciting unit.

[0079] As introduced above, several communication systems to which the embodiments of the present application are applicable are introduced. In order to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, some terms, concepts, etc. related to the embodiments of the present application are first introduced.

[0080] (1) Network device, also referred to as network apparatus

[0081] In embodiments of the present application, the network device refers to a (wireless) access network ((radio) access network, (R)AN) device / RAN node. In embodiments of the present application, the (R)AN is alternatively referred to as a RAN, and for the convenience of description, the RAN is taken as an example hereinafter. The RAN can be a third generation partnership project (3GPP) related cellular system, for example, a long term evolution (LTE) communication system, a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system / new radio (NR) communication system, or a future-oriented evolution system, or other similar communication system. Other similar communication systems include, for example, wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), vehicle to everything (V2X), spark link system, Bluetooth system, near field communication system, etc. The RAN can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN), a non-terrestrial network (NTN), etc. The RAN can also be a communication system in which two or more of the above systems are fused. The RAN device can also be referred to as a RAN node, a RAN entity, or an access node, etc.

[0082] In a possible scenario, the RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a base station in a future mobile communication system, etc. The RAN node can be a macro base station, a micro base station, an indoor station, a relay node, a donor node / host node, or a radio controller, etc. The RAN node can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the RAN node in the V2X technology can be a road side unit (RSU).

[0083] In another possible scenario, a RAN node can be a module or unit that completes part of the functions of a base station; or multiple RAN nodes cooperate to assist a terminal device to implement wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of the functions of a base station. For example, a RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU), etc. The functions of the CU can be implemented by one entity, or can also be implemented by different entities. For example, the functions of the CU can be further divided, that is, the control plane and the user plane are separated and implemented by different entities, respectively, as a control plane CU entity (namely, a CU-control plane (CP) entity) and a user plane CU entity (namely, a CU-user plane (UP) entity). The CU-CP entity and the CU-UP entity can be coupled with the DU to jointly complete the functions of the RAN node. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged, or can also be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). Any one of the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), the DU, and the RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0084] In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), the DU, or the RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open RAN (ORAN) system, the CU can also be referred to as an O-CU (open CU), the DU can also be referred to as an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU. For the convenience of description, the CU, the CU-CP, the CU-UP, the DU, and the RU are taken as examples for description in this application.

[0085] The CU and the DU can be configured according to protocol layer functions of the wireless network they implement: for example, the CU is configured to implement functions of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer and protocol layers above the PDCP layer (such as a radio resource control (RRC) layer and / or a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, etc.); the DU is configured to implement functions of protocol layers below the PDCP layer (such as a radio link control (RLC), a media access control (MAC) layer, and / or a physical (PHY) layer, etc.). For specific descriptions of the above protocol layers, refer to relevant technical specifications of the 3GPP or technical specifications of other applicable communication protocols.

[0086] The above division of processing functions of the CU and the DU according to protocol layers is only an example, and the division can be performed in other manners, which is not limited in the present application. For example, in one design, the CU or the DU can also be divided into partial processing functions of protocol layers. In one design, partial functions of an RLC layer and functions of protocol layers above the RLC layer are arranged in the CU, and remaining functions of the RLC layer and functions of protocol layers below the RLC layer are arranged in the DU.

[0087] In another possible design, the DU and the RU cooperate to implement functions of a PHY layer, or the design is described as moving partial PHY layer functions of the DU to the RU. One DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of the DU and the RU can be configured in multiple manners according to design. For example, the DU is configured to implement baseband functions, and the RU is configured to implement intermediate radio frequency functions. For another example, the DU is configured to implement high-layer functions in the PHY layer, and the RU is configured to implement low-layer functions in the PHY layer or implement the low-layer functions and radio frequency functions. The high-layer functions in the PHY layer can include partial functions of the PHY layer that are closer to the MAC layer, and the low-layer functions in the PHY layer can include another partial functions of the PHY layer that are closer to the intermediate radio frequency side. The present application does not limit specific functions of the DU and the RU. An interface between the DU and the RU can be referred to as a front-haul interface. In one design, the CU can have no PDCP layer, for example, the CU only includes an RRC layer. The CU-CP has no PDCP-C. The CU-UP can have no PDCP-U, or have no CU-UP. In one design, the DU can have no RLC layer, for example, the DU only has a MAC and a higher PHY layer.

[0088] When the RAN is an O-RAN, it can also have an artificial intelligence (AI) function, for example, the O-RAN includes an intelligent controller. The intelligent controller can be a non-real time RAN intelligent controller (non-real time RAN intelligent controller, non-RT RIC / NRT RIC), or a near-real time RAN intelligent controller (near-real time RAN intelligent controller, near-RT RIC / nRT RIC). The non-real time RIC can be used to implement non-real time intelligent management of the RAN function, can implement a workflow including model training and model updating, and guide applications / functions in the nRT RIC based on a policy. The near-real time RIC can be used to implement near-real time intelligent management of the RAN. Through data collection and related operations on the E2 interface, near-real time control and optimization of modules and resources of the O-RAN are implemented.

[0089] In the embodiments of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the network device can be the network device itself, or a device capable of supporting the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system or a combination device or component that can implement the function of the network device, which can be installed in the network device. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the network device.

[0090] (2) Terminal device

[0091] In the embodiments of the present application, all devices capable of communicating data with a base station can be regarded as terminal devices. The terminal device is also called a terminal, a terminal device, a user equipment (UE), a user device, a mobile station, or a mobile terminal, etc. The terminal device can be widely applied to various scenes, for example, the terminal device can be a mobile phone, a computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, a station (STA), a mechanical arm, a camera, a robot, a vehicle, a drone, a helicopter, an airplane, a ship, or a smart home device (such as a television, an air conditioner, a sweeping machine, a sound box, a set-top box), a relay, a customer premise equipment (CPE), etc.

[0092] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an IoT system, for example, a water meter, an electricity meter, an electronic tag / tag, etc. IoT is an important part of future information technology development, and its main technical feature is to connect objects through communication technology and network, so as to realize the intelligent network of man-machine interconnection and object-object interconnection.

[0093] The terminal device can also be called a V2X device when it is applied to V2X, for example, a smart car or an intelligent car, an unmanned car or a driverless car or a pilotless car or an automobile, a road site unit (RSU). As introduced above, various terminal devices can be considered as vehicle-mounted terminal devices if they are located on a vehicle (for example, placed / installed in the vehicle). The vehicle-mounted terminal device can be built-in as one or more components or units in a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted module group, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip or a vehicle-mounted unit of the vehicle, and the vehicle can implement the method of the present application through the built-in vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted module group, vehicle-mounted component, vehicle-mounted chip or vehicle-mounted unit. The vehicle-mounted terminal device can be a whole vehicle device, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle, an on-board unit (OBU), an RSU, a telematics box (T-box), a chip or a system on chip (SOC), etc. The above chip or SoC can be installed in the vehicle, OBU, RSU or T-box.

[0094] In the embodiments of the present application, the device for realizing the function of the terminal device can be the network device itself, or a device capable of supporting the terminal device to realize the function, such as a chip system or a combination device or component that can realize the function of the terminal device, which can be installed in the terminal device. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal device.

[0095] (3) Device in IoT system

[0096] IoT can include various devices, such as smart water meters, shared bicycles, and smart city, environmental monitoring, smart home, forest fire prevention, etc. aimed at sensing and data acquisition. In order to increase the number of devices that can be accommodated in the IoT scene, it is a trend to reduce the size of IoT devices. However, due to various factors, the size of IoT devices cannot be further reduced, for example, IoT devices need to be powered by high-capacity batteries. Therefore, for IoT devices with limited size, it is not possible to set a high-capacity battery, and it is desirable to reduce the power consumption of IoT devices to prolong the endurance time of IoT devices.

[0097] Compared with an NR terminal device (e.g., an NR terminal device of Release (R) 15, R16, R17), an AIoT device has at least one of the following features:

[0098] 1) Maximum bandwidth: The maximum bandwidth of the AIoT device can be less than the maximum bandwidth (e.g., 100 MHz) of the R15 terminal device and the R16 terminal device. The maximum bandwidth of the AIoT device can be less than the maximum bandwidth (e.g., 20 MHz) of the reduced capability (RedCap) in the R17 terminal device. For example, the maximum bandwidth of the AIoT device is 1 resource block (RB), 1.44 MHz, 1.5 MHz, 2.88 MHz, 3 MHz, etc.

[0099] 2) Supported number of antennas: The AIoT device supports one transmitting antenna and one receiving antenna, or the AIoT device supports one transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas.

[0100] 3) The transmission channel of the AIoT device to the reader is not aligned with the start and / or boundary of the slot, frame, symbol, etc. of NR.

[0101] 4) The transmission of the AIoT device to the reader adopts a single-carrier waveform.

[0102] 5) The transmission channel of the reader to the AIoT device is not aligned with the start and / or end boundary of the slot, frame, etc. of NR; the transmission channel of the reader to the AIoT device is aligned with the start and / or end boundary of the OFDM symbol of NR.

[0103] 6) The transmission of the reader to the AIoT device adopts an OFDM waveform.

[0104] 7) The modulation mode supported by the AIoT device includes at least one of binary on-off keying (OOK), frequency-shift keying (FSK), binary phase shift keying (BPSK), and Minimum shift keying (MSK). Among them, FSK can also be called binary frequency shift keying (BFSK) or 2FSK or OOK-FSK.

[0105] IoT devices include IoT devices requiring a battery (also referred to as IoT devices with energy storage or active IoT devices), IoT devices not requiring a battery (also referred to as IoT devices without energy storage or passive IoT devices), and IoT devices with limited energy storage (also referred to as semi-passive IoT devices). The IoT devices with limited energy storage do not require manual battery replacement or charging. The active IoT devices can independently generate signals and have active radio frequency components for transmission. The passive IoT devices do not have energy storage and cannot independently generate signals and are based on backscatter communications for transmission. The semi-passive IoT devices have energy storage and cannot independently generate signals and are based on backscatter communications for transmission. The passive IoT devices or semi-passive IoT devices can also be referred to as AIoT devices, which can serve and communicate by collecting energy from the environment.

[0106] A typical IoT device is, for example, a tag. The tag can also be referred to as an RFID tag or an electronic tag, or an IoT tag. In embodiments of the present application, the tag can serve as a terminal device to communicate with a network device. The "tag" is only an optional name, and the name can be changed, for example, the "AIoT tag" can be changed to another name, and embodiments of the present application do not limit the name. For the convenience of description, the following continues to take "tag" as an example.

[0107] The tag uses a low-precision, low-power mid-low frequency ring oscillator or a completely non-local oscillator to receive a downlink signal. When the tag is working, the energy and / or carrier of the communication is supplied by the reader-writer, and the communication is based on reflected carrier. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the reader-writer can send a carrier signal to the tag, and the tag receives the carrier signal through the antenna. The solid line in the figure represents the carrier signal sent by the reader-writer, and the dashed line represents the reflected signal transmitted by the tag based on the carrier signal. The tag can adjust the information to be transmitted in the reflected signal. In the above manner, the tag uses a low-precision, low-power mid-low frequency ring oscillator or a completely non-local oscillator to receive a downlink signal, which can further reduce the power consumption of the tag in downlink reception. Optionally, the carrier can also be understood as an excitation signal, and the carrier can be sent by other devices (such as external nodes) other than the reader-writer or devices integrated with the reader-writer.

[0108] As shown in FIG. 4A, a data transmission format of reader to device (R2D) is shown. One R2D transmission includes a preamble, a data-carrying physical channel, and a postamble. The specific name of the data-carrying physical channel is not limited, for example, the physical channel can be referred to as a physical reader to device channel (PRDCH). Alternatively, the PRDCH can be replaced by an ambient physical downlink shared channel (APDSCH).

[0109] As shown in FIG. 4B, a data transmission format of device to reader (D2R) is shown. One D2R transmission includes a preamble, a data-carrying physical channel, and a postamble. The specific name of the data-carrying physical channel is not limited, for example, the physical channel can be referred to as a physical device to reader channel (PDRCH). Alternatively, the PDRCH can be replaced by an ambient physical uplink shared channel (APUSCH).

[0110] A tag is a miniature wireless transceiver device, mainly including a built-in tag device antenna, a coupling element, and a chip. The chip of the tag has a storage space that can support the reader to read or write tag data. After the tag receives the radio frequency signal sent by the reader through the antenna, the coupling element can be used to realize the coupling of the radio frequency signal, so as to provide energy for the chip of the tag in the coupling channel, and feed back the data stored in the chip to the reader through the antenna. A communication network based on a cellular network infrastructure, including a reader and a tag, can be referred to as an AIoT.

[0111] There are various types of AIoT devices, and the division method of the type of AIoT device is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The following illustrates several division methods of the type of AIoT device.

[0112] In the classification manner 1, the AIoT devices can be divided into three categories, namely, type 1 (referred to as device 1), type 2 (also referred to as device 2a), and type 3 (also referred to as device 2b). Among them, the AIoT device of type 1 does not support uplink amplification and downlink amplification, and the uplink is transmitted in a backscatter manner based on an externally provided carrier wave, and cannot generate a signal by itself. The AIoT device of type 2 supports uplink amplification or downlink amplification, and the uplink is transmitted in a backscatter manner based on an externally provided carrier wave, and cannot generate a signal by itself. The AIoT device of type 3 supports uplink amplification or downlink amplification, and the uplink is transmitted in a manner of internally generating a carrier wave.

[0113] Optionally, the AIoT device of type 1 has an output power consumption of about 1 μW and has a certain energy storage capability. The peak power of the AIoT device of type 2 does not exceed a few hundred μW. The peak power of the AIoT device of type 3 does not exceed a few hundred μW.

[0114] Optionally, the initial sampling clock offset (SFO) of the AIoT device of type 1 is at most 10 ppm, and X1 can be 5 or 4 or 3 or 2. The initial sampling clock offset of the AIoT device of type 2 is at most 10 ppm, and X2 can be 5 or 4 or 3 or 2. The initial sampling clock offset of the AIoT device of type 3 is at most 10 ppm, and X3 can be 5 or 4 or 3 or 2. X1 X2 X3

[0115] In the classification manner 2, the AIoT devices can be divided into three categories, namely, passive AIoT devices, semi-passive AIoT devices, and active AIoT devices. Among them, the passive AIoT devices and the semi-passive AIoT devices can adopt a reflection-based communication manner, and the active AIoT devices adopt a communication manner of actively generating a carrier wave.

[0116] In the classification manner 3, the AIoT devices can also be divided into three categories, namely, device A, device B, and device C. Among them, device A has no energy storage and cannot independently generate a signal, and uses backscatter to transmit a signal; device B has energy storage but cannot independently generate a signal, and uses backscatter to transmit a signal, wherein the energy stored by device B can amplify the reflected signal; and device C has energy storage and can independently generate a signal, and has an active radio frequency element for transmission.

[0117] ​​​The AIoT device in the embodiments of the present application can be classified in classification mode 1, classification mode 2 or classification mode 3, and the embodiments of the present application are applicable to any category of AIoT device in classification mode 1, classification mode 2 or classification mode 3. Alternatively, the AIoT tag in the embodiments of the present application can also have other classification modes or not be classified, which is not limited.

[0118] AIoT can be applied to passive or semi-passive IoT scenarios, for example, in logistics and warehousing scenarios, inventory and tracking of goods can be performed through tags (such as AIoT tags), and the state of goods can also be monitored during transportation; for another example, in an industrial manufacturing scenario, the environment and device state can be monitored through tags.

[0119] In AIoT, the tag (such as AIoT tag) and the reader can perform at least one of the following operations: inventory operation, read operation, write operation, kill operation, or lock operation.

[0120] The inventory operation, also known as the inventory operation, can obtain the identification of the tag through the inventory operation. For example, the reader can use the query, acknowledgment (ACK) and other commands to obtain the identification of the tag. In order to facilitate inventory of the tag, the tag can include S0-S3 a total of 4 session identifications, each of which corresponds to A and B two inventory states, and the inventory state is indicated by an inventory flag (sessInventoried flag). When the reader selects a tag, the select command sent to the tag can carry a session identification, and the tag can store the session identification. When the reader performs the inventory operation on the tag, the query command sent to the tag includes the session identification, and at this time the tag can flip the inventory state corresponding to the session identification from A to B. If the reader sends the query command again to perform the inventory operation, since the inventory state in the tag is B, the tag will not respond to the reader, thereby avoiding the same tag being inventoried multiple times in a round of inventory cycle.

[0121] For example, please refer to FIG. 5, which is a timing diagram of the tag accessing the network provided by the embodiments of the present application. In the introduction of FIG. 5, taking the inventory operation of the tag by the reader as an example. Correspondingly, please refer to FIG. 6, which shows the communication process of the tag accessing the network.

[0122] S601, the reader sends a select message. Correspondingly, the tag receives the select message.

[0123] The select message can indicate to select tags for inventory or counting. For example, the reader wants to count the inventory of tags, the select message can be sent. Alternatively, the select message can be replaced by a paging message. Alternatively, the paging message has the function of selecting tags.

[0124] S602, the reader sends a query message. Correspondingly, the tag receives the query message.

[0125] The query message can be used for one or more tags to send a random number (RN) based on the query message. The query message can indicate a Q value, and the tag that receives the query message can determine an initial value of a counter based on the Q value. Alternatively, the query message can also be replaced by a paging message. Alternatively, the paging message has the function of sending a Q value.

[0126] S603, the tag sends a random number. Correspondingly, the reader receives the random number.

[0127] The tag can send the random number when a corresponding condition is met. The condition can include that the counter maintained by the tag is 0. For example, after the tag receives the query message, the tag can determine a value according to the query message, and the value can be used as the initial value of the counter. For example, the value is any one of (0, 2 Q When the counter decreases from the initial value to 0, the tag can send the random number.

[0128] If the initial value is 0, the tag can send the random number. Or, if the initial value is not 0, the tag can decrease the value of the counter one by one. For example, the tag can receive a query repetition (QueryRep) message from the reader, and each time the tag receives the QueryRep message, the tag can decrease the value of the counter by 1 until the value of the counter is 0. Alternatively, the QueryRep message can also be replaced by a paging message. Alternatively, the paging message has the function of the QueryRep message.

[0129] As described above, when the select message is a paging message, the paging message has the function of selecting tags. When the query message is a paging message, the paging message has the function of sending a Q value. When the QueryRep message is a paging message, the paging message has the function of the QueryRep message. When the above-mentioned select message, query message, and QueryRep message are replaced by a paging message, the functions of the paging message can be distinguished by a specific identifier. For example, the first value of the MAC header indicates that the current paging message has the function of selecting tags. For another example, the second value of the MAC header indicates that the current paging message has the function of sending a Q value. For another example, the third value of the MAC header indicates that the current paging message has the function of the QueryRep message.

[0130] In one inventory process (or in other business processes), one or more access processes can be performed, for example, if the tags to be inventoried are not all accessed in one access process, another access process can be performed. In one access process, one or more time units can be included. In addition, the length of the different time units included in one access process can be the same or different, for example, the length of the time units can be controlled by the reader. In one access opportunity, one or more tags can send a random number, for example, the counter of these tags is 0; while some tags can not send a random number, for example, the counter of these tags is not 0. The aforementioned query repeat message is sent by the reader only once in one time unit; the aforementioned query message is also sent by the reader only once in one time unit, wherein the query message and the query repeat message do not exist in the same time unit. For example, in one access process, the reader sends a query message in the first time unit and sends a query repeat message in the subsequent time units, which can be referred to Fig. 6.

[0131] For a tag, if the value of the counter of the tag is 0 (i.e., the initial value of the counter is 0) in the first time unit of one access process, the tag can send a random number in the first time unit, and does not need to receive a query repeat message in the subsequent time units. Or, if the value of the counter of the tag is not 0 in the first time unit (time unit 0), the tag does not send a random number in the first time unit, but waits to receive a query repeat message in the second time unit (time unit 1) of the access process. In the second time unit, if the value of the counter of the tag is decremented to 0, the tag sends a random number in the second time unit, otherwise, the tag will continue to receive a query repeat message in the third time unit (time unit 2) of the access process, and so on.

[0132] Optionally, the method can further include S604-S605.

[0133] S604, the reader sends an acknowledgement message. Correspondingly, the tag receives the acknowledgement message. The acknowledgement message is, for example, an acknowledgement response (ACK).

[0134] The acknowledgement message can include the random number received by the reader. For a tag, if the received acknowledgement message includes the random number sent by the tag, it indicates that the tag is successfully accessed by the reader, or the random number is successfully sent; and if the acknowledgement message does not include the random number sent by the tag, it indicates that the tag fails to be accessed by the reader, or the random number fails to be sent.

[0135] S605, the tag sends the identification of the tag. The reader receives the identification of the tag.

[0136] For example, if the tag determines that the access to the reader is successful, or the random number sending is successful, the tag can send the identification of the tag, so that the reader obtains the identification of the tag. For example, the identification of the tag can include part or all of the electronic product code (EPC) of the tag. When the identification of the tag includes part of the EPC of the tag, the identification can be a truncated EPC.

[0137] Optionally, the communication process can further include S606, the tag transmits data with the reader.

[0138] In S606, for example, the reader can send a command (for example, a downlink command (DL command)) between the reader and the tag, the DL command can indicate a corresponding operation, for example, a read operation or a write operation, etc. For example, the DL command is a read operation, the DL command can indicate the characteristics of the data to be read; for example, the DL command is a write operation, the DL command can include the data to be written into the tag. Optionally, the DL command can further include the identification of the tag, so that the tag determines whether to execute the DL command.

[0139] After the tag receives the DL command, the tag can execute a corresponding operation according to the DL command. For example, the DL command is a read operation, the tag can read the data meeting the characteristics of the data indicated by the read operation from the storage area of the tag, and send the data, so that the reader receives the data. For example, the DL command is a write operation, the tag can write the data carried by the DL command into the storage area of the tag.

[0140] (4) Time unit

[0141] The time unit refers to a period of time. In the embodiments of the present application, there are N time units between two consecutive query messages, and N is a positive integer. Or in other words, one round of access process includes one or more time units. The concept of time unit can refer to the embodiments shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7. For example, there are time unit 0-time unit 3 between two query messages. One time unit can be the time length of the interval between the query message and the query repetition message, or the time length of the interval between two consecutive query repetition messages. The lengths of different time units included in one access process can be the same or different. For example, the size of time unit 0 and time unit 1 is different.

[0142] A time unit can be a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a millisecond (ms), or a fractional millisecond (e.g., 1 / 32 ms). Alternatively, a time unit is a plurality of slots, a plurality of subframes, a plurality of mini-slots, a plurality of OFDM symbols, a number of ms, or a number of fractional ms. Wherein, one radio frame can include a plurality of subframes, one subframe can include one or more slots, and one slot can include at least one symbol. Alternatively, one radio frame can include a plurality of slots, and one slot can include at least one OFDM symbol.

[0143] (5) In the embodiments of the present application, “transmit” includes “send” and / or “receive”. Wherein, “send” and “receive” represent the direction of signal transmission. For example, “send information to XX” can be understood as that the destination of the information is XX, which can include direct transmission through the air interface, and also includes indirect transmission through the air interface by other units or modules. “Receive information from YY” can be understood as that the source of the information is YY, which can include direct reception from YY through the air interface, and also includes indirect reception from YY through the air interface by other units or modules. “Send” can also be understood as the “output” of the chip interface, and “receive” can also be understood as the “input” of the chip interface. In other words, transmission and reception can be carried out between devices, for example, between an access network device and a terminal device, or can be carried out within a device, for example, between components, between modules, between chips, between software modules or hardware modules within a device through a bus, a wire or an interface.

[0144] In the embodiments of the present application, the number of nouns represents “singular noun or plural noun”, that is, “one or more” unless otherwise specified. “At least one” means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more. “And / or” describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character “ / ” generally represents that the associated objects before and after it are in an “or” relationship. For example, A / B means A or B. “At least one of the following” or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b and / or c means the following combinations: a exists alone, b exists alone, c exists alone, a and b exist together, a and c exist together, b and c exist together, or a and b and c exist together, where a, b and c can be single or multiple.

[0145] In the embodiments of the present application, "when", "if" and "whether" all refer to the fact that the device will make corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances, and are not limited in time, and do not require the device to have a judgment action when implemented, nor do they mean that there are other limitations. Unless otherwise specified, "if" and "whether" can be replaced, and "when" and "in the case of" can be replaced. "When" and "if" / "whether" can be replaced.

[0146] In the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as an example or illustration. Any embodiment or design presented as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or superior to other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the use of "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present concepts in a particular manner. The words "first", "second", and the like are used to distinguish between similar objects, and are not used to denote the size, content, order, timing, priority, or importance of the objects. For example, the first parameter and the second parameter refer to two different parameters, and do not mean that the priority or importance of the two parameters is different.

[0147] In the embodiments of the present application, the schemes in the embodiments can be reasonably combined, and the explanation or description of each term appearing in the embodiments, similar operations, or steps can be mutually referenced or explained in each embodiment, and this is not limited.

[0148] In the embodiments of the present application, the schemes in the embodiments can be reasonably combined, and the explanation or description of each term appearing in the embodiments, similar operations, or steps can be mutually referenced or explained in each embodiment, and this is not limited.

[0149] According to the flowcharts in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, the tags perform access in a competitive manner, and if the access fails, the tags will try to access again in the next round. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the tag 2 and the tag 3 may both send a random number (RN16) in the time unit 2, and a conflict may occur, causing the access to fail. Then, the tag 2 and the tag 3 can try to access again in the next round. At present, the reader sends a query repetition message only once in a time unit, and the reader also sends a query message only once in a time unit, wherein the query message and the query repetition message do not exist in the same time unit. As shown in FIG. 5, the query message and the query repetition message are separated by 1 time unit, and the two consecutive query repetition messages are separated by 1 time unit. In this way, this competitive mode may cause the access time of some tags to be relatively long. However, some tags hope to access as soon as possible, and the current competitive mechanism cannot meet the low-power consumption demand of these tags.

[0150] To solve the above problems, the scheme provided in the embodiments of the present application is proposed. In the embodiments of the present application, one time unit can be divided into multiple access opportunities, for example, one time unit includes at least two access opportunities. The network side can configure the access opportunities on each time unit. The terminal side selects a suitable access opportunity to perform access according to the configuration of the network side. In this way, different terminal devices can perform access in the same time unit in the manner of TDMA, thereby improving the access efficiency and saving the power consumption of the terminal as much as possible.

[0151] The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application is described below.

[0152] The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application takes the access of a first terminal device to a network as an example. It should be understood that, in addition to the first terminal device, other terminal devices can also access the network by using the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the behaviors of the other terminal devices are the same as that of the first terminal device. The method provided in the embodiments of the present application is taken as an example below, which is performed by the first terminal device and a network device. The steps performed by the first terminal device can be implemented by the first terminal device itself, or by a device (for example, a terminal device) including the first terminal device, for example, the first terminal device can be a hardware component (such as a baseband chip, or other processing unit or processor, etc.) in the terminal device, or a logic node, logic module or software module implementing part or all functions of the first terminal device. The steps performed by the network device can be implemented by the RAN device itself, or by a component (such as a baseband chip, or other processing unit or processor, etc.) in the RAN device, or by a component (such as a CU, DU or RU) completing part or all functions of the RAN device. In a possible scenario, the first terminal device can be an AIoT device or a chip (system) in the AIoT device shown in FIG. 1; the network device can be a network device in FIG. 1, or can also be a chip (system) in the network device in FIG. 1. The network device has part or all functions of a reader / writer.

[0153] The AIoT device and the reader / writer can be implemented based on infrastructure in a cellular network, or the AIoT device and the reader / writer can be devices in the cellular network. For example, the functions of the reader / writer can be implemented by a network device or a terminal device, and the AIoT device can be implemented by a terminal device in the cellular network, for example, the AIoT device can be an Internet of Things terminal with extremely low power consumption and extremely low complexity. When the terminal device has the function of the AIoT device, the terminal device can perform non-contact data communication with the network device or another terminal device.

[0154] The random access message includes access-related messages or information. For example, in a 3-step random access, the random access message includes random access message 1 to random access message 3. The random access message 1 is a random access preamble, which can be referred to as message 1 (Msg1) for short. The random access message 2 is a response message of the random access message 1, which can be referred to as message 2 (Msg2) for short. The random access message 3 is used to report the identification information of the AIoT device. The random access message 3 is also referred to as Msg3. For another example, in a 2-step random access, the random access message includes random access message A to random access message B. MsgA is equivalent to the random access message 1 and the random access message 3 in the 3-step random access process; and MsgB is equivalent to the random access message 2 in the 3-step random access process. For another example, the random access message can also include a random number, a terminal identifier, etc.

[0155] One time unit is divided into a plurality of time domain resources, each of which can be regarded as a random access opportunity, which can be referred to as an access opportunity for short. That is, in the embodiments of the present application, one time unit includes a plurality of access opportunities.

[0156] Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a flowchart of a communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. FIG. 7 introduces the method from the perspective of the interaction between the first terminal device and the network device. It should be understood that the communication method can also be implemented by other devices, such as a chip or a communication device with communication function. In addition, the processing performed by a single execution subject can also be divided into processing performed by a plurality of execution subjects, which can be logically and / or physically separated. For example, the processing performed by the network device can be divided into processing performed by at least one of the CU, the DU, the RU, etc. As shown in FIG. 7, the flow of the communication method includes the following steps.

[0157] S701, the first terminal device determines a third time domain resource in the first time unit according to the first information.

[0158] The first time unit is one of N time units, where N is a positive integer. The N time units are included in one round of access procedure of the terminal device (e.g., the first terminal device). For example, the first time unit is one of N time units between two first messages in succession, where the first message can be used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, or the first message can be used to trigger the first terminal device to perform access. The specific name of the first message is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the first message can be referred to as a query message or a paging message. The N time units can be configured by the network device. For example, the network device sends a first parameter, where the first parameter can be used to indicate the N time units, or the first parameter is used to indicate the N time units between two first messages in succession. For example, the first parameter includes (or is) a Q value, and then N = 2 Q . The first parameter can be carried in the R2D message.

[0159] The first time unit can be any one of the N time units, and the specific one of the N time units is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the first time unit can be a time unit between two second messages in succession in the N time units, where the second message can be used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network again, for example, the second message can be a query repetition message or a paging message. In the example of FIG. 5, the N time units are time unit 0-time unit 2, and the first time unit can be time unit 1 or time unit 2. For another example, the first time unit can also be a time unit between the first message and the second message in succession in the N time units. In the example of FIG. 5, the N time units are time unit 0-time unit 2, and the first time unit can be time unit 0. In particular, N = 1, and the first time unit is a time unit between two first messages in succession.

[0160] In the embodiments of the present application, the first time unit includes a plurality of time domain resources, and each time domain resource can be regarded as a random access opportunity. In other words, the first time unit includes a plurality of random access opportunities. When the first terminal device performs access, a suitable time domain resource can be selected from the plurality of time domain resources for access. In this way, a plurality of terminal devices can perform access in the first time unit, which is equivalent to that the plurality of terminal devices perform access on the first time unit in a TDMA manner, and some terminal devices can access the network as soon as possible. Compared with the flow shown in FIG. 5, where only one terminal device can perform access on one time unit, the efficiency of terminal devices accessing the network can be improved by the method provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0161] For convenience of description, in the following, an example is taken that the first time unit includes the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource, it should be understood that the first time unit can also include more time domain resources. The first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access resources / random access opportunities. An example is taken that the first terminal device determines the time domain resource performing access from the first time unit to be the third time domain resource. The third time domain resource can be the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource.

[0162] Optionally, the time length occupied by the plurality of time domain resources included in the first time unit can be the same or different. For example, the time length occupied by the first time domain resource is the same as the time length occupied by the second time domain resource. The time occupied by each time domain resource included in the first time unit can be predefined or configured by the network device. Alternatively, the starting position of one or more time domain resources included in the first time unit can be predefined or configured by the network device.

[0163] In implementation 1, the network device can configure the starting position or the ending position of the first time domain resource. In this case, if the time length occupied by the first time domain resource is predefined or configured, the position of the first time domain resource can be determined according to the starting position or the ending position of the first time domain resource. Further, the network device can configure the relationship between the position of the other time domain resource and the position of the first time domain resource, so that the position of the other time domain resource can be determined based on the relationship and the position of the first time domain resource. For example, the network device can configure the first offset between the position of the second time domain resource and the position of the first time domain resource, so that the position of the second time domain resource can be determined according to the first offset and the position of the first time domain resource. The first offset can be the offset between the ending position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource, or the offset between the starting position in the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource.

[0164] For convenience of understanding, refer to FIG. 8, which is a schematic diagram of TDMA resource allocation provided by an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 8, the first time domain resource can be the time window [T R2D1_min , T R2D1_max ], the second time domain resource can be [T R2D2_min , T R2D2_max ], and X is the first offset. The network device can configure the starting position of [T R2D1_min , T R2D1_max ] and X. The first terminal device can determine [T R2D1_min , T R2D1_max ] and [T R2D2_min , T R2D2 max ] according to the configuration of the network device. In which, R2D_minmay be a minimum time interval between an end position of an R2D message and a start position of a D2R message corresponding to the R2D message. T R2D_max may be a maximum time interval between an end position of an R2D message and a start position of a D2R message corresponding to the R2D message. Alternatively, the end position of an R2D message can be a position of a last falling edge or a rising edge of the R2D message, or the end position of an R2D message can be an end position of a postamble of the R2D message. Alternatively, the start position of a D2R message can be a position of a first falling edge or a rising edge of the D2R message.

[0165] It should be noted that if the first time unit further comprises other time domain resources (e.g. a fifth time domain resource) for serving as an access opportunity in addition to the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource, the first information can comprise a plurality of offsets, e.g. the first information can further comprise a second offset for configuring a position of the fifth time domain resource. For example, the second offset can be an offset between an end position of the first time domain resource and a start position of the fifth time domain resource, or an offset between a start position within the first time domain resource and a start position of the fifth time domain resource.

[0166] In a possible implementation, the network device can configure the start position or the end position of the first time domain resource through the first information. For example, the network device transmits the first information, which can be used to indicate the start position or the end position of the first time domain resource. Alternatively, the network device can configure the first offset through the first information. For example, the network device transmits the first information, which can be used to indicate the first offset. Alternatively, the first message can indicate the start position or the end position of the first time domain resource and indicate the first offset. The first information can be carried in an R2D message. The first information and the first parameter can be carried in one R2D message, or the first information and the first parameter are carried in different R2D messages. In addition, the network device can transmit the first message in a multicast or broadcast manner.

[0167] There are various implementations for the first information to indicate the first offset. For example, the first information includes the first offset, directly indicating the first offset, which is relatively simple. Alternatively, the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message, which can indicate the first offset. In other words, the first offset is associated with the scheduling parameter of the random access message. The scheduling parameter of the random access message includes a parameter indicating a length of the random access message, a transmission interval of the random access message, and the like. For example, the scheduling parameter of the random access message includes (or indicates) one or more of the following: a chip length, a transport block size (TBS), a repetition number, a transmission interval of the random access message, and the like. The chip length is a minimum time unit for transmitting the random access message. For example, the chip length can correspond to a length of one modulation unit. The repetition number can be a repetition number of a transport block corresponding to the random access message, or the repetition number can be a repetition number of bits obtained by adding a cyclic redundancy code to the transport block corresponding to the random access message, or the repetition number can be a repetition number of coded bits obtained by encoding the transport block corresponding to the random access message after adding the cyclic redundancy code, or the repetition number can be a repetition number of coded code blocks obtained by encoding the transport block corresponding to the random access message after adding the cyclic redundancy code. The first terminal device can calculate a transmission duration of the random access message according to the scheduling parameter.

[0168] Optionally, one or more scheduling parameters of the multiple random access messages are the same. For example, the scheduling parameters of the multiple random access messages are the same, and a set of scheduling parameters can be sent through one signaling, thereby saving signaling overhead.

[0169] Optionally, a starting position or an ending position of the first time domain resource can also be predefined. For example, the starting position of the first time domain resource can be a starting position of the first time unit. Alternatively, the position of the first time domain resource can be predefined. In this case, the network device does not need to configure the starting position or the ending position of the first time domain resource through signaling, and the first offset can be configured to determine the position of the second time domain resource. Alternatively, the first offset can also be predefined. In this case, the network device does not need to configure the first offset through signaling. Alternatively, the first time domain resource and the first offset can both be predefined. In this case, the network device does not need to configure the first time domain resource and the first offset through signaling. In this regard, the first information can be predefined.

[0170] In implementation 2, the network device can configure the start position or the end position of the first time domain resource. In this case, if the time length occupied by the first time domain resource is predefined or configured, the position of the first time domain resource can be determined according to the start position or the end position of the first time domain resource. Similarly, the network device can also configure the start position or the end position of the second time domain resource.

[0171] For the convenience of understanding, please refer to FIG. 9, which is another schematic diagram of TDMA resource allocation provided by the embodiments of the present application. In FIG. 9, the start position of the first time domain resource is T R2D1 , and the start position of the second time domain resource is T R2D2 . The first terminal device sends the random access message on the third time domain resource. The first terminal device sending the random access message on the third time domain resource includes that the first terminal device sends the random access message according to T R2D1 or T R2D2 .

[0172] Optionally, the first terminal device does not need to determine the size of the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource, but only needs to determine the start position of the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource. Correspondingly, the network device receives the random access message sent by the first terminal device in a time domain range containing the start position of the third time domain resource. Optionally, the time domain range containing the start position of the third time domain resource is related to the SFO of the first terminal device. For example, when the SFO of the first terminal device is 10%, the time domain range containing the start position of the third time domain resource can be [T R2D ×(1-10%), T R2D ×(1+10%)]. Wherein, T R2D is equal to T R2D1 or T R2D2 .

[0173] In a possible implementation, the network device can configure the start position or the end position of the first time domain resource through the first information. For example, the network device sends the first information, which can be used to indicate the start position or the end position of the first time domain resource.

[0174] The first terminal device can determine the third time domain resource in the first time unit according to the first information. If the first information is predefined, the first terminal device can obtain the first information. If the first information is associated with the scheduling parameter of the random access message, the first terminal device can determine the first information according to the scheduling parameter of the random access message. Alternatively, the first terminal device can receive the first information sent by the network device.

[0175] The first terminal device can determine the third time domain resource in the first time unit according to the first information. The first terminal device can determine the third time domain resource from a plurality of time domain resources included in the first time unit according to the first information. For example, different time domain resources can be associated / correspond to different value sets. The first terminal device can determine the third time domain resource from the plurality of time domain resources according to the value set to which the number n belongs. The number n can be generated according to the first parameter received by the first terminal device. For example, the first parameter is a Q value, and the number n is a value randomly generated according to the Q value.

[0176] For example, the number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set. The second value set corresponds to the first time domain resource, and the third value set corresponds to the second time domain resource. When the number n belongs to the second value set, the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource. When the number n belongs to the third value set, the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource.

[0177] There can be various implementation manners for the second value set and the third value set, or the second value set and the third value set can satisfy various different relationships, which are described below as examples.

[0178] For example, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], and the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1]. Among the two endpoint values "0" and "2 Q -1", the second value set includes the two endpoint values. Among the two endpoint values "2 Q " and "2 Q+1 -1", the third value set includes the two endpoint values. For another example, the second value set is the even numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and the third value set is the odd numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1].

[0179] Alternatively, the correspondence between each value set and the time domain resource can be predefined or (pre)configured. The first terminal device can store the correspondence between each value set and the time domain resource. For example, the first terminal device can store the correspondence between the second value set and the first time domain resource, and store the correspondence between the third value set and the second time domain resource.

[0180] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the first time unit includes the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource as an example, and accordingly, the first value set includes the second value set and the third value set. In a possible scenario, the first time unit further includes other time domain resources (for example, a fifth time domain resource) in addition to the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource. In this case, in addition to including the second value set and the third value set, the first value set can further include a fourth value set, which corresponds to the fifth time domain resource. When the number n belongs to the fourth value set, the first terminal device can determine that the third time domain resource is the fifth time domain resource.

[0181] It should be understood that the first terminal device sends a random access message, and the network device responds to the random access message and sends a random access response message to the first terminal device. In the embodiments of the present application, the first terminal device can start receiving the random access response message (or Msg2) in the fourth time domain resource, which belongs to the first time unit.

[0182] It should be understood that the first terminal device sends a random access message, and the network device responds to the random access message and sends a random access response message to the first terminal device. In the embodiments of the present application, the first terminal device can start receiving the random access response message (or Msg2) in the fourth time domain resource, which belongs to the first time unit.

[0183] For example, the end position of the first time domain resource is not later than the start position of the second time domain resource. Assuming that when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length. When the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length. The second time length can be the time length between the end position of the first time domain resource and the start position of the fourth time domain resource. The third time length can be the time length between the end position of the second time domain resource and the start position of the fourth time domain resource. The absolute value of the difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than the time length occupied by the second time domain resource.

[0184] For ease of understanding, please continue to refer to FIG. 8. In FIG. 8, when the first time domain resource is [T0, T1], the second time domain resource is [T2, T3], and the third time domain resource is [T1, T2], the fourth time domain resource is [T4, T5].R2D1_min , T R2D1_max ] and the fourth time domain resource is [T D2R_min , T D2R_max ], wherein T D2R_min is separated from T R2D1_min by Y (i.e., the second time length). When the second time domain resource can be [T R2D2_min , T R2D2_max ] and the fourth time domain resource is [T D2R_min , T D2R_max ], wherein T D2R_min is separated from T R2D2_min by Z (i.e., the third time length), the absolute value of the difference between Y and Z is greater than the time length occupied by the second time domain resource. As can be seen from FIG. 8, if the first terminal device transmits Msg1 on the first time domain resource, the second terminal device transmits Msg1 on the second time domain resource, and the first terminal device and the second terminal device both start receiving Msg2 within the fourth time domain resource [T D2R_min , T D2R_max ]. Wherein T D2R_min may be the minimum time interval from the end position of one D2R message to the start position of one R2D message corresponding to the D2R message. T D2R_max may be the maximum time interval from the end position of one D2R message to the start position of one R2D message corresponding to the D2R message. Alternatively, the end position of one D2R message can be the position of the last falling edge or rising edge of the D2R message, or the end position of the postamble of the D2R message. Alternatively, the start position of one R2D message can be the position of the first falling edge or rising edge of the R2D message.

[0185] In addition, the fourth time domain resource includes a first time length. The first time length is the time length corresponding to the high level in the start indicator included in the random access response message. In other words, the first time length is the length of the high level of the start indicator in Msg2. In this way, the first terminal device can start receiving Msg2 as soon as possible, thereby completing access as soon as possible. For ease of understanding, please continue to refer to the example of FIG. 8, the first terminal device starts receiving Msg2 from the start position of the fourth time domain resource, which can start receiving Msg2 as soon as possible, thereby completing access as soon as possible, compared to the first terminal device starting receiving Msg2 from the dashed line position in the fourth time domain resource.

[0186] S702, the first terminal device transmits a random access message on the third time domain resource.

[0187] After the first terminal device determines the third time domain resource, the first terminal device can send a random access message in the third time domain resource. In the embodiments of the present application, different terminal devices perform access in different access opportunities in the same time unit, which can improve the access efficiency.

[0188] For example, please continue to refer to FIG. 8, the first terminal device determines that the third time domain resource is [T R2D1_min , T R2D1_max ], and sends Msg1 in [T R2D1_min , T R2D1_max ]. After the first terminal device sends Msg1, the first terminal device can receive a response message (i.e., Msg2) of Msg1. The first terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e., the position indicated by Msg3#1) for sending Msg3, and sends Msg3 in the time-frequency resource. Similarly, the second terminal device determines that the third time domain resource is [T R2D2_min , T R2D1_max ], and sends Msg1 in [T R2D2_min , T R2D1_max ]. The second terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e., the position indicated by Msg3#2) for sending Msg3, and sends Msg3 in the time-frequency resource.

[0189] When the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1] and the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], the first terminal device reduces 1 from the value of the counter after the value of the counter is taken modulo 2 Q after receiving the second message once, until the value of the counter is 0, and then sends Msg1. When the second value set is an even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1] and the third value set is an odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the first terminal device reduces 2 from the value of the counter after the value of the counter is taken modulo 2 Q after receiving the second message once, until the value of the counter is 0, and then sends Msg1.

[0190] Through the scheme provided in the embodiments of the present application, multiple AIoT devices can perform access in the same time unit in the TDMA manner, thereby improving the access efficiency.

[0191] In possible scenarios, the frequency domain resources in a time unit can be divided into multiple parts, or in other words, a time unit is associated with multiple frequency domain resources. For example, a time unit can be associated with M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The first terminal device can select a suitable frequency domain resource from the M frequency domain resources to perform access. In this case, different terminal devices can perform access in the same time unit in the TDMA manner and / or the FDMA manner, thereby improving the access efficiency.

[0192] In a possible implementation, the first terminal device can determine the third time-frequency resource according to the first information and the second information, where a time domain resource (which can be referred to as a third time domain resource) of the third time-frequency resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource. A frequency domain resource (which can be referred to as a third frequency domain resource) of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource. The first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource belong to the M frequency domain resources associated with the first time unit.

[0193] For how the first terminal device determines the third time domain resource according to the first information, reference can be made to the related content of the embodiment shown in the foregoing FIG. 7, which will not be described here. How the first terminal device determines the third frequency domain resource will be described below. It should be noted that the first terminal device determines the third time domain resource and the third frequency domain resource in no particular order. The first terminal device can determine the third time domain resource first and then determine the third frequency domain resource. Or, the first terminal device can determine the third frequency domain resource first and then determine the third time domain resource. Or, the first terminal device can determine the third time domain resource and the third frequency domain resource at the same time.

[0194] Optionally, the second information includes M second parameters, and the M second parameters correspond to the M frequency domain resources in one-to-one manner. One second parameter can be used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources, for example, the second parameter can be a frequency offset or an index of the frequency domain resource, etc. Optionally, the index of the frequency domain resource is a channel number, a line code repetition number, or a square wave repetition number. The first terminal device can select one second parameter from the M second parameters, and take the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second parameter as the third frequency domain resource. Wherein, the first information and the second information can be one R2D message or multiple R2D messages. For example, the first information and the second information are both included in a first message, the first message can be carried in (or be) an R2D message, and the first information and the second information can be carried in a PRDCH in the R2D message.

[0195] It should be understood that, as shown in the foregoing FIG. 6, if the value of the counter of the first terminal device is 0 (i.e., the initial value of the counter is 0) in the first time unit in one round of the access process, the first terminal device can send the random number in the first time unit, without having to receive the query repetition message in the subsequent time units. Or, if the value of the counter of the first terminal device is not 0 in the first time unit, the first terminal device does not send the random number in the first time unit, but waits to receive the query repetition message in the second time unit of the round of the access process. In this case, the first terminal device performs the access according to the query repetition message. Based on this, the network device can send the first message in a certain time unit, and send the second message in the time unit subsequent to the certain time unit.

[0196] In this case, the first terminal device can perform the access after receiving the second message. The second message can carry parameters for determining the random access resource, for example, L second parameters, L being less than or equal to M. For the first terminal device, the M second parameters can be obtained after receiving the second information. The first terminal device can obtain the L second parameters after receiving the second message. Finally, the first terminal device selects one second parameter from the L second parameters to determine the third frequency domain resource.

[0197] In implementation 1, the first terminal device can randomly select one second parameter from the M second parameters or the L second parameters, and determine the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second parameter as the third frequency domain resource.

[0198] In implementation 2, the first terminal device selects one second parameter from the M second parameters or the L second parameters according to the third parameter. For example, one frequency domain resource can correspond to one third parameter, and then the M frequency domain resources and the M third parameters can be one-to-one corresponding. For a certain third parameter, the third parameter can indicate the weight (or probability) of the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third parameter being selected. Accordingly, the third parameter can also be understood as a weight factor or a probability. If the weight (probability) factor of a frequency domain resource is larger, it can be considered that the access load of the frequency domain resource is smaller or larger. From this point of view, the third parameter can also be used to determine / indicate the access load of the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third parameter. The first terminal device selects one second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter, and finally selects a frequency domain resource with appropriate access load, so as to adjust the access load on different frequency domain resources and improve the access success rate as much as possible. For example, when the network device indicates a high-load frequency domain resource through the third parameter, the terminal device accesses the high-load frequency domain resource; when the network device indicates a low-load frequency domain resource through the third parameter, the terminal device accesses the low-load frequency domain resource.

[0199] The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1. For example, the candidate value set includes M values, and one value can be regarded as one third parameter, the value being greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. That is, the value range of the third parameter is [0, 1], and the value range of the third parameter can include any one of the two end values "0" and "1".

[0200] Optionally, the candidate value set is (pre-)configured. For example, the candidate value set can be included in the first message. The network device can flexibly configure the candidate value set through the first message, thereby flexibly adjusting the access load on different frequency domain resources. Alternatively, the candidate value set can also be carried by other signaling other than the first message. In this case, the correspondence between the M values included in the candidate value set and the M frequency domain resources can be predefined. For example, in accordance with the frequency from low to high or from high to low, the M values correspond to the M frequency domain resources one by one.

[0201] Optionally, the network device can also obtain channel state measurement information on the plurality of frequency domain resources before configuring the third parameter. The network device can adjust the candidate value of the third parameter according to the channel state on different frequency domain resources, assign a third parameter corresponding to a smaller access load to a frequency domain resource with a poor channel state, and reduce the access failure rate.

[0202] The present application does not limit how the first terminal device selects a second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter. For example, the first terminal device can determine the third parameter according to the identity (ID) of the first terminal device, and select a second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter. For example, the third parameter is a fraction, the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is odd, and a certain second parameter (for example, second parameter #1) is selected; if the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is even, another second parameter (for example, second parameter #2) is selected. Alternatively, the third parameter is a fraction, the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is less than or equal to the first value, and a second parameter (for example, second parameter #1) is selected; if the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is greater than the first value, another second parameter (for example, second parameter #2) is selected.

[0203] For example, M = 2, the M frequency domain resources are frequency domain resource #1 and frequency domain resource #2, frequency domain resource #1 corresponds to second parameter #1, frequency domain resource #2 corresponds to second parameter #2, the third parameter associated with frequency domain resource #1 is 2 / 5, and the third parameter associated with frequency domain resource #2 is 3 / 5. When the ID of the first terminal device modulo 5 = 0 or 1, second parameter #1 is selected; when the ID of the first terminal device modulo 5 = 2, 3 or 4, second parameter #2 is selected.

[0204] The first terminal device can determine the third frequency domain resource for random access according to the implementation manner 1 or the implementation manner 2. Similarly, other terminal devices than the first terminal device can also determine the frequency domain resource for random access according to the implementation manner 1 or the implementation manner 2. For example, the second terminal device can also determine the fourth frequency domain resource for random access according to the implementation manner 1 or the implementation manner 2. The third frequency domain resource and the fourth frequency domain resource can be the frequency domain resources associated with the first time unit. In this way, different terminal devices can use different frequency domain resources to perform access in the same time unit, so as to improve the access efficiency.

[0205] For the convenience of understanding, please refer to FIG. 10, which is a schematic diagram of the random access resource allocation provided by the embodiment of the present application. The difference between FIG. 10 and FIG. 8 is that two frequency domain resources (f1 and f2) are associated with the first time unit. In FIG. 10, the position of each message indicates the time-frequency resource for sending or receiving the message. It should be understood that the two frequency domain resources f1 and f2 correspond to two second parameters {second parameter #1, second parameter #2} one by one. FIG. 10 takes the second parameter #1 corresponding to f1 and the second parameter #2 corresponding to f2 as an example.

[0206] Suppose that the first terminal device determines the third time domain resource as the first time domain resource, the first terminal device selects the first parameter #1, and the first terminal device can determine the third frequency domain resource for sending Msg1 as f1, then the first terminal device sends Msg1 at the third time-frequency resource (i.e., the position indicated by Msg1#1). Similarly, the second terminal device determines the third time domain resource as the first time domain resource, the second terminal device selects the second parameter #2, and the second terminal device can determine the third frequency domain resource for sending Msg1 as f2, then the first terminal device sends Msg1 at the fourth time-frequency resource (i.e., the position indicated by Msg1#2). Similarly, the third terminal device sends Msg1 at the fifth time-frequency resource (i.e., the position indicated by Msg1#3). Similarly, the fourth terminal device sends Msg1 at the fifth time-frequency resource (i.e., the position indicated by Msg1#4).

[0207] After the first terminal device sends the Msg1, a response message (i.e. Msg2) of the Msg1 can be received. The first terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e. the location indicated by Msg3#1) for sending the Msg3 according to the configuration information carried in the Msg2, and sends the Msg3 on the time-frequency resource. Similarly, after the second terminal device sends the Msg1, a response message (i.e. Msg2) of the Msg1 can be received. The first terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e. the location indicated by Msg3#2) for sending the Msg3 according to the configuration information carried in the Msg2, and sends the Msg3 on the time-frequency resource. After the third terminal device sends the Msg1, a response message (i.e. Msg2) of the Msg1 can be received. The first terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e. the location indicated by Msg3#3) for sending the Msg3 according to the configuration information carried in the Msg2, and sends the Msg3 on the time-frequency resource. After the fourth terminal device sends the Msg1, a response message (i.e. Msg2) of the Msg1 can be received. The first terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e. the location indicated by Msg3#4) for sending the Msg3 according to the configuration information carried in the Msg2, and sends the Msg3 on the time-frequency resource.

[0208] Please refer to FIG. 11, which is a schematic diagram of the random access resource allocation provided by the embodiment of the present application. The difference between FIG. 11 and FIG. 9 is that two frequency domain resources (f1 and f2) are associated with the first time unit. The location of each message in FIG. 11 indicates the time-frequency resource for sending or receiving the message. It should be understood that the two frequency domain resources f1 and f2 correspond to two second parameters {second parameter#1, second parameter#2} one by one. FIG. 11 takes the second parameter#1 corresponding to f1 and the second parameter#2 corresponding to f2 as an example. The difference between FIG. 11 and FIG. 10 is that the network device indicates that the starting position of the first time domain resource is T R2D1 , and the starting position of the second time domain resource is T R2D2 . For how the terminal device determines the time-frequency resource for sending the random access in FIG. 11, please refer to the related content in the foregoing FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, which will not be introduced here.

[0209] It can be understood that if the first terminal device receives the first message on the first time unit and the current value of the counter of the first terminal device is not 0, the first terminal device subsequently receives the second message. The first terminal device receives the second message once, and then the value of the counter is reduced by 1, until the value of the counter is 0, and the first terminal device sends the Msg1. Other terminal devices are similar to the first terminal device. For example, the third terminal device receives the first message on the first time unit, the current value of the counter of the third terminal device is not 0, and the third terminal device continues to receive the second message until the value of the counter of the third terminal device is 0. At this time, the third terminal device determines the frequency domain resource for sending the random access message according to the L second parameters included in the second message.

[0210] In a possible implementation, the first terminal device can also determine the third frequency domain resource according to the first parameter Q value. For example, the first terminal device determines a number n, when n belongs to a second value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource; or when n belongs to a third value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second frequency domain resource. Or, when n belongs to the second value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second frequency domain resource; or when n belongs to the third value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource.

[0211] The above embodiments of the present application are introduced by taking the first terminal device and the network device as examples. In the present application, each embodiment can be independently implemented or implemented based on certain internal relations; different implementation manners in each embodiment can be combined or independently implemented. In order to implement the functions in the above method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the steps performed by the first terminal device can be implemented by the terminal device itself, or can be implemented by a functional entity (for example, a terminal device) including the first terminal device. The steps performed by the network device can be implemented by the network device itself, or can be implemented by a functional entity (for example, a network device) including the network device. In order to implement the functions in the above method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the first terminal device and the network device can include hardware structures and / or software modules, and the above functions are implemented in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules. Whether a certain function in the above functions is implemented in the form of hardware structure, software module, or hardware structure plus software module depends on the specific application of the technical solution and the design constraint conditions.

[0212] Based on the same concept as the method embodiments, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication device. The communication device used to implement the above method in the embodiments of the present application is introduced below in conjunction with the drawings. The above contents can be used in the subsequent embodiments, and the repeated contents will not be described in detail.

[0213] FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 1200 provided in embodiments of the present application. The communication apparatus 1200 can correspond to implement the functions or steps implemented by the first terminal apparatus in each of the above method embodiments. For example, the communication apparatus 1200 can be the AIoT device in FIGS. 1-3; or the communication apparatus 1200 is a chip (system) in the AIoT device; or the communication apparatus 1200 is a software module of the AIoT device. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 1200 can correspond to implement the functions or steps implemented by the network apparatus in each of the above method embodiments. For example, the communication apparatus 1200 can be the network device in FIGS. 1-3; or the communication apparatus 1200 is a chip (system) in the network device; or the communication apparatus 1200 is a software module of the network device. Optionally, the network device has part or all of the functions of the reader.

[0214] The communication apparatus 1200 can include a processing module 1210 and a transceiver module 1220. Optionally, it can also include a storage module, which can be used to store instructions (codes or programs) and / or data. The storage module can be, for example, a memory. The processing module 1210 and the transceiver module 1220 can be coupled with the storage module. For example, the processing module 1210 can read the instructions (codes or programs) and / or data in the storage module to implement the corresponding method. For example, when the communication apparatus 1200 is a chip in the AIoT device, the storage module can be a storage module in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc. For example, the storage module can also be a storage module in the AIoT device located outside the chip, such as a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), etc. The above various units can be independently arranged, or partially or wholly integrated.

[0215] The processing module 1210 can be a processor or a controller, for example, can be a general central processing unit (CPU), a general processor, a digital signal processing (DSP), an application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in combination with the disclosure. The processor can also be a combination of computing functions, such as one or more microprocessor combinations, combinations of DSP and microprocessor, etc. The transceiver module 1220 is a transceiver, interface circuit, bus, pin or other possible communication interface for receiving signals from other devices. For example, when the device is implemented in the form of a chip, the transceiver module 1220 is an interface circuit of the chip for receiving signals from other chips or devices, or is an interface circuit of the chip for transmitting signals to other chips or devices.

[0216] In an implementation manner, the communication device 1200 can correspondingly implement the behaviors and functions of the first terminal device in the above method embodiments. The communication device 1200 can be an AIoT device, can be a component (such as a chip or circuit) in the AIoT device, can be a part of a chip or chip set in the AIoT device for executing related method functions, or can be a software module in the first terminal device capable of implementing the above communication method, without limitation. For details, reference can be made to the related content of the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0217] For example, the processing module 1210 is configured to determine a third time domain resource in a first time unit according to first information. The transceiver module 1220 is configured to transmit a random access message in the third time domain resource. The first time unit is one of N time units, the N time units are time units between two continuous first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, and N is a positive integer. The first time unit includes a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access opportunities, and the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource.

[0218] As an optional implementation, the transceiver 1220 is further configured to receive first information, where the first information is used to indicate a starting position of the first time domain resource. Alternatively, the first information is used to indicate a first offset, where the first offset is an offset between an ending position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset is an offset between a starting position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource.

[0219] As an optional implementation, the first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message. Optionally, the communication device 1200 can store the first information.

[0220] As an optional implementation, the processing module 1210 is specifically configured to determine a number n, and determine the third time domain resource according to the number n, where n belongs to a first value set, the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set; when n belongs to the second value set, the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource; or when n belongs to the third value set, the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource.

[0221] As an optional implementation, an ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than a starting position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length; when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length. The fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving the random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit. An absolute value of a difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than a time length occupied by the second time domain resource.

[0222] As an optional implementation, the fourth time domain resource includes a first time length, and the first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in a starting identifier included in the random access response message.

[0223] As an optional implementation, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer; or the second value set is even numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is odd numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer.

[0224] As an optional implementation, the transceiver 1220 is further configured to receive a first parameter, where the first parameter includes Q and is used to indicate N time units.

[0225] For example, the processing module 1210 is configured to determine a third time-frequency resource in the first time unit according to the first information and the second information. The transceiver module 1220 is configured to transmit the random access message in the third time-frequency resource. The first time unit is one of N time units, the N time units are time units between two continuous first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, and N is a positive integer. The first time unit includes a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, and the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access opportunities. The first time unit is associated with a first frequency domain resource and a second frequency domain resource, the time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource, and the second information can be used to determine the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource.

[0226] As an optional implementation, the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to receive the first information and the second information. The first information can be used to indicate the starting position of the first time domain resource. Alternatively, the first information can be used to indicate a first offset, the first offset is an offset between the end position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset is an offset between the starting position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource. The second information is used to indicate one of M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, the second information includes M second parameters, and the M second parameters correspond to the M frequency domain resources.

[0227] As an optional implementation, the first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message.

[0228] As an optional implementation, the processing module 1210 is specifically configured to: the first terminal device determines a number n, and determines the third time domain resource according to the number n. The number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set. When the number n belongs to the second value set, the time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first time domain resource; or when the number n belongs to the third value set, the time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second time domain resource.

[0229] As an optional implementation, when the number n belongs to the second value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource; or when the number n belongs to the third value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second frequency domain resource. Alternatively, when the number n belongs to the second value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second frequency domain resource; or when the number n belongs to the third value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource.

[0230] As an optional implementation, the ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than the starting position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length; when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length. The fourth time domain resource is used for starting to receive the random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit. An absolute value of a difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than a time length occupied by the second time domain resource.

[0231] As an optional implementation, the fourth time domain resource contains a first time length, and the first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in the starting identifier included in the random access response message.

[0232] As an optional implementation, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer; or, the second value set is an even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is an odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer.

[0233] In an implementation, the method further includes: the first terminal device receives a first parameter, the first parameter including Q, used for indicating the N time units.

[0234] As an optional implementation, the processing module 1210 is further configured to select one second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and determine a frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter as the first frequency domain resource. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.

[0235] As an optional implementation, the third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and a sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

[0236] In an implementation, the communication apparatus 1200 can correspondingly implement the behaviors and functions of the network device in the above method embodiments. The communication apparatus 1200 can be a network device, or a component (such as a chip or circuit) in the network device, or a part in the chip or chip set for executing the related method functions, or a software module in the network device capable of implementing the above communication method, which is not limited. Optionally, the network device has part or all of the functions of a reader. For details, refer to the related contents of the foregoing method embodiments, which are not described here again.

[0237] For example, the processing module 1210 is configured to determine a third time domain resource in a first time unit according to first information. The transceiver module 1220 is configured to receive a random access message from a first terminal device in the third time domain resource. The first time unit is one of N time units, the N time units are time units between two first messages, the first messages are used to trigger the first terminal device to access a network, and N is a positive integer. The first time unit includes a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access opportunities. The third time domain resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource.

[0238] As an optional implementation, the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to send the first information. The first information is used to indicate a starting position of the first time domain resource. Alternatively, the first information is used to indicate a first offset, the first offset is an offset between an ending position of a time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset is an offset between the starting position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource.

[0239] As an optional implementation, an ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than the starting position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length; when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length. The fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving a random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit. An absolute value of a difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than a time length occupied by the second time domain resource.

[0240] As an optional implementation, the fourth time domain resource includes a first time length. The first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in a starting identifier included in the random access response message.

[0241] As an optional implementation, a second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], a third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer; or the second value set is even numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is odd numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer.

[0242] As an optional implementation, the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to send a first parameter, the first parameter includes Q, and is used to indicate the N time units.

[0243] For example, the processing module 1210 is configured to determine a first time-frequency resource and a second time-frequency resource. The transceiver module 1220 is configured to receive a random access message from a first terminal device at a third time-frequency resource. The time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource, and the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are the random access message opportunities. The first time domain resource and the second time domain resource belong to a first time unit, and the first time unit belongs to N time units, which are time units between two consecutive first messages. The first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, and N is a positive integer. The frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource, and the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource belong to M frequency domain resources associated with the first time unit, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0244] As an optional implementation, the transceiver module 1220 is further configured to send first information and second information. The first information can be used to indicate the starting position of the first time domain resource. Alternatively, the first information can be used to indicate a first offset, which is the offset between the end position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource, or the offset between the starting position of the first time domain resource and the starting position of the second time domain resource. The second information is used to indicate one of the M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, the second information includes M second parameters, and the M second parameters correspond to the M frequency domain resources.

[0245] As an optional implementation, the end position of the first time domain resource is not later than the starting position of the second time domain resource. When the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length. When the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length. The fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving a random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit. The absolute value of the difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than the time length occupied by the second time domain resource.

[0246] As an optional implementation, the fourth time domain resource includes a first time length, which is the time length corresponding to the high level in the starting identifier included in the random access response message. In an implementation, the method further includes that the network device sends a first parameter, which is used to indicate the N time units.

[0247] As an optional implementation, the first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with the scheduling parameter of the random access message.

[0248] As an optional implementation, the second parameter is associated with a third parameter, and the third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and a sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

[0249] When the communication apparatus 1200 is a chip type apparatus or circuit, the transceiver module can be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface; and the processing module is an integrated processor or microprocessor or integrated circuit.

[0250] FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 1300 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication apparatus 1300 can be the first terminal device or the network device in the above embodiments. For example, the communication apparatus 1300 can be an AIoT device or a chip (system) in the AIoT device in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. For another example, the communication apparatus 1300 can be a network device or a chip (system) in the network device in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices. For specific functions, refer to the description in the method embodiments.

[0251] The communication apparatus 1300 includes one or more processors 1301 for implementing or supporting implementation of the functions of the first terminal device or the network device in the method according to the embodiments of the present application. For details, refer to the detailed description in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here. The processor 1301 can also be referred to as a processing unit or a processing module, and can implement certain control functions. The processor 1301 can be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, it includes a baseband processor, a central processing unit, an application processor, a modem processor, a graphics processor, an image signal processor, a digital signal processor, a video coding and decoding processor, a controller, a memory, and / or a neural network processor, etc. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data. The central processing unit can be used to control the communication apparatus 1300 (such as a terminal device or a network device), execute software programs and / or process data. Different processors can be independent devices, or can be integrated into one or more processors, such as one or more application-specific integrated circuits.

[0252] In one design, the processor 1301 can include a program 1303 (which can also be referred to as code or instructions at times) that can be run on the processor 1301 to cause the communication apparatus 1300 to perform the methods described in the following embodiments. In another possible design, the communication apparatus 1300 includes circuitry (not shown in FIG. 13) for implementing the functions of the first terminal device or the network device in the above embodiments.

[0253] In an example, one or more memories 1302 can be included in the communication device 1300, on which programs 1304 (which can also be referred to as code or instructions) are stored, and the programs 1304 can be run on the processor 1301, so that the communication device 1300 performs the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0254] In an example, an AI module 1307 can be included in the processor 1301 and / or the memory 1302, and the AI module 1307 is configured to implement AI-related functions. The AI module can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. For example, the AI module can include a RIC module. For example, the AI module can be a near-real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.

[0255] In an example, the processor 1301 and / or the memory 1302 can also store data. The processor and the memory can be separately arranged, or integrated together.

[0256] In an example, the communication device 1300 can also include a transceiver 1305 and / or an antenna 1306. The processor 1301 can also be referred to as a processing unit, and is configured to control the communication device 1300. The transceiver 1305 can also be referred to as a transceiving unit, a transceiver, a transceiving circuit, or a transceiver, and is configured to implement the transceiving function of the communication device 1300 through the antenna 1306.

[0257] In an example, the communication device 1300 can also include one or more of the following components: a wireless communication module, an audio module, an external memory interface, an internal memory, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a power management module, an antenna, a speaker, a microphone, an input / output module, a sensor module, a motor, a camera, or a display screen, etc. It can be understood that, in some embodiments, the communication device 1300 can include more or fewer components, or some components can be integrated, or some components can be split. These components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0258] The communication device in the above embodiments can be a first terminal device or a network device, can be a circuit, and can be a chip or other combination device, component, etc. having the first terminal device or the network device. When the communication device is a terminal device, the transceiver module can be a transceiver and can include an antenna, a radio frequency circuit, etc., and the processing module can be a processor, such as a CPU. When the communication device is a chip system, the communication device can be an FPGA, can be an ASIC, can be a SoC, can be a CPU, can be a network processor (NP), can be a DSP, can be a micro controller unit (MCU), can be a programmable logic device (PLD), or can be another integrated chip. The processing module can be a processor of the chip system. The transceiver module or the communication interface can be an input / output interface or an interface circuit of the chip system. For example, the interface circuit can be a code / data read / write interface circuit. The interface circuit can be used to receive code instructions (the code instructions are stored in a memory and can be directly read from the memory or can be read from the memory through another device) and transmit the code instructions to the processor; the processor can be used to run the code instructions to perform the method in the above method embodiments. For another example, the interface circuit can also be a signal transmission interface circuit between a communication processor and a transceiver.

[0259] The embodiments of the present application further provide a communication system, including at least one terminal device and at least one network device, the terminal device is a terminal device for implementing the functions related to the above communication method, and the network device is a network device for implementing the functions related to the above communication method.

[0260] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer readable storage medium including instructions, when the instructions are executed on a computer, the method executed by the first terminal device or the network device in the above communication method is executed.

[0261] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product including computer program code, when the computer program code is executed, the method executed by the first terminal device or the network device in the above communication method is executed.

[0262] The embodiments of the present application provide a chip system including a processor and can further include a memory, for implementing the functions of the first terminal device or the network device in the above communication method. The chip system can be composed of a chip or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0263] To implement the functions of the communication apparatus in FIG. 12-13, the embodiments of the present application further provide a chip, comprising a processor, configured to support the communication apparatus to implement the functions of the first terminal apparatus or the network apparatus involved in the above method embodiments. In a possible design, the chip is connected with a memory or the chip comprises a memory, and the memory is configured to store computer programs or instructions and data necessary for the communication apparatus.

[0264] It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence number of each process described above does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0265] Those skilled in the art can realize that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. The skilled person can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0266] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the system, apparatus and unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0267] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0268] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e. they can be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.

[0269] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the part of the technical solutions of the present application that essentially contributes or the part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0270] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: determining a third time domain resource in a first time unit according to first information, the first time unit belonging to N time units, the N time units being time units between two first messages in succession, the first message being used for triggering a first terminal device to access a network, N being a positive integer; wherein the first time unit comprises a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource being random access opportunities; sending a random access message in the third time domain resource, the third time domain resource being the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving first information, the first information being used for indicating a starting position of the first time domain resource, or the first information being used for indicating a first offset, the first offset being an offset between an ending position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset being an offset between a starting position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Determining a third time domain resource in a first time unit according to first information comprises: determining a number n, and determining the third time domain resource according to the number n; wherein the n belongs to a first value set, the first value set comprising a second value set and a third value set; when the n belongs to the second value set, the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource; or when the n belongs to the third value set, the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource.

5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than the starting position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length, and when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length; wherein an absolute value of a difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than a time length occupied by the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource being used for starting to receive a random access response message, the fourth time domain resource belonging to the first time unit.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The fourth time domain resource comprises a first time length, the first time length being a time length corresponding to a high level in a starting identifier included in the random access response message.

7. The method of any one of claims 4-6, wherein, The second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer; or, The second value set is even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is positive integer.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving a first parameter, the first parameter comprising the Q, and being used for indicating the N time units.

9. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: determining a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource being random access message opportunities, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource belonging to a first time unit, the first time unit belonging to N time units, the N time units being time units between two first messages in succession, the first message being used for triggering a first terminal device to access a network, N being a positive integer; receive a random access message from the first terminal device in a third time domain resource, the third time domain resource being the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The method further includes: sending first information, the first information being used to indicate a starting position of the first time domain resource, or the first information being used to indicate a first offset, the first offset being an offset between an ending position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset being an offset between a starting position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource.

11. The method of claim 9 or 10, wherein, An ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than a starting position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length; when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length; wherein the fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving a random access response message, the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit, and an absolute value of a difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than a time length occupied by the second time domain resource.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The fourth time domain resource includes a first time length, the first time length being a time length corresponding to a high level in a starting identifier included in the random access response message.

13. The method of any one of claims 9-12, wherein, The method further includes: receiving a first parameter, the first parameter being used to indicate the N time units.

14. A communication method, comprising: including: determining a third time-frequency resource in a first time unit according to first information and second information, the first time unit belonging to N time units, the N time units being time units between two first messages, the first messages being used to trigger a first terminal device to access a network, N being a positive integer; wherein the first time unit includes a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource being random access opportunities, and the first time unit being associated with a first frequency domain resource and a second frequency domain resource, a time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource being the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource, and a frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource being the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource; the second information being used to determine the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource; sending a random access message in the third time domain resource.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, The method further includes: receiving the first information and the second information; wherein the first information is used to indicate a starting position of the first time domain resource, or the first information is used to indicate a first offset, the first offset being an offset between an ending position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset being an offset between a starting position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource; the second information being used to indicate one of M frequency domain resources, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2.

16. The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein, The first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message.

17. The method of any one of claims 14-16, wherein, The third time domain resource in the first time unit is determined according to the first information and the second information, including: A number n is determined, and the third time domain resource is determined according to the number n, the n belongs to a first value set, the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set; Wherein, when the n belongs to the second value set, the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource; or, when the n belongs to the third value set, the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource; When n belongs to the second value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource; or, when n belongs to the third value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second frequency domain resource; or, when n belongs to the second value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second frequency domain resource; or, when n belongs to the third value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource.

18. The method of any one of claims 14-17, wherein, The end position of the first time domain resource is not later than the start position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is separated from the first time domain resource by a second time length, and when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is separated from the second time domain resource by a third time length; wherein, the absolute value of the difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than the time length occupied by the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving a random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The fourth time domain resource includes a first time length, and the first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in a start identifier included in the random access response message.

20. The method of any one of claims 17-19, wherein, The second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer; or, the second value set is an even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is an odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein, The method further includes: Receiving a first parameter, the first parameter including Q, used to indicate N time units.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein, The method further includes: Selecting a second parameter from M second parameters according to a third parameter, and determining the frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter as the first frequency domain resource; wherein, the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

24. A method of communication, comprising: Including: Determining a first time-frequency resource and a second time-frequency resource, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are random access message opportunities, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource belong to a first time unit, the first time unit belongs to N time units, the N time units are time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger a first terminal device to access a network, N is a positive integer; and, the first time unit is associated with a first frequency domain resource and a second frequency domain resource, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource belong to M frequency domain resources associated with the first time unit, M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; receive the random access message from the first terminal device on a third time-frequency resource, a time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource being the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource, and a frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource being the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein, The method further includes: sending the first information and the second information; wherein the first information is used to indicate a starting position of the first time domain resource, or the first information is used to indicate a first offset, the first offset being an offset between an ending position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset being an offset between a starting position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource; the second information is used to indicate one of M frequency domain resources, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2.

26. The method of claim 24 or 25, wherein, The first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message.

27. The method of any one of claims 24-26, wherein, An ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than a starting position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length, and when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length; wherein an absolute value of a difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than a time length occupied by the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving a random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein, The fourth time domain resource includes a first time length, and the first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in a starting identifier included in the random access response message.

29. The method of any one of claims 24-28, wherein, The method further includes: sending a first parameter, the first parameter being used to indicate the N time units.

30. A communications device, characterized by including: a processing unit configured to determine, according to first information, a third time domain resource in a first time unit, the first time unit belonging to N time units, the N time units being time units between two first messages, the first messages being used to trigger a first terminal device to access a network, N being a positive integer; wherein the first time unit includes a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource being random access opportunities; a transceiving unit configured to send a random access message in the third time domain resource, the third time domain resource being the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource.

31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein, The transceiving unit is further configured to: receive first information, the first information being used to indicate a starting position of the first time domain resource, or the first information being used to indicate a first offset, the first offset being an offset between an ending position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset being an offset between a starting position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource.

32. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein, The first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message.

33. The apparatus of any one of claims 30-32, wherein, The processing unit is specifically configured to: determining a number n, determining the third time domain resource according to the number n; wherein the n belongs to a first value set, the first value set comprises a second value set and a third value set; when the n belongs to the second value set, the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource; or, when the n belongs to the third value set, the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource.

34. The apparatus of any one of claims 30-33, wherein, The end position of the first time domain resource is not later than the start position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is separated from the first time domain resource by a second time length, and when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is separated from the second time domain resource by a third time length; wherein the absolute value of the difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than the time length occupied by the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving a random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit.

35. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein, The fourth time domain resource includes a first time length, and the first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in a start identifier included in the random access response message.

36. The apparatus of any one of claims 33-35, wherein, The second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer; or, The second value set is even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is positive integer.

37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein, The transceiver unit is also used to: receive a first parameter, the first parameter including the Q, used to indicate the N time units.

38. A communications device, characterized by It includes: a processing unit configured to determine a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource being a random access message opportunity, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource belonging to a first time unit, the first time unit belonging to N time units, the N time units being time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message being used to trigger a first terminal device to access a network, N being a positive integer; a transceiver unit configured to receive a random access message from a first terminal device at a third time domain resource, the third time domain resource being the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource.

39. The apparatus of claim 38, wherein, The method transceiver unit is also used to: send first information, the first information being used to indicate a start position of the first time domain resource, or the first information being used to indicate a first offset, the first offset being an offset between an end position of the first time domain resource and a start position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset being an offset between a start position of the first time domain resource and a start position of the second time domain resource.

40. The apparatus of claim 38 or 39, wherein, The end position of the first time domain resource is not later than the start position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is separated from the first time domain resource by a second time length; when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is separated from the second time domain resource by a third time length; wherein the fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving a random access response message, the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit, and the absolute value of the difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than the time length occupied by the second time domain resource.

41. The apparatus of claim 40, wherein, The fourth time domain resource comprises a first time length, and the first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in a start identifier included in the random access response message.

42. The apparatus of any one of claims 38-41, wherein, The transceiver is further configured to: receive a first parameter, the first parameter being used to indicate the N time units.

43. A communications device, characterized by comprise: a processing unit, configured to determine a third time-frequency resource in a first time unit according to first information and second information, the first time unit belonging to N time units, the N time units being time units between two first messages, the first messages being used to trigger a first terminal device to access a network, N being a positive integer; wherein the first time unit comprises a first time domain resource and a second time domain resource, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource being random access opportunities, and the first time unit being associated with a first frequency domain resource and a second frequency domain resource, a time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource being the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource, and a frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource being the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource; the second information being used to determine the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource; a transceiver, configured to send a random access message in the third time domain resource.

44. The apparatus of claim 43, wherein, The transceiver is further configured to: receive the first information and the second information; wherein the first information is used to indicate a start position of the first time domain resource, or the first information is used to indicate a first offset, the first offset being an offset between an end position of the first time domain resource and a start position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset being an offset between a start position of the first time domain resource and the start position of the second time domain resource; the second information being used to indicate one of M frequency domain resources, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2.

45. The apparatus of claim 43 or 44, wherein, The first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message.

46. The apparatus of any one of claims 43-45, wherein, The processing unit is specifically configured to: determine a number n, determine the third time domain resource according to the number n, the n belonging to a first value set, the first value set comprising a second value set and a third value set; wherein when the n belongs to the second value set, the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource; or when the n belongs to the third value set, the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource; when the n belongs to the second value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource; or when the n belongs to the third value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second frequency domain resource; or when the n belongs to the second value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second frequency domain resource; or when the n belongs to the third value set, the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource.

47. The apparatus of any one of claims 43-46, wherein, An ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than a starting position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced apart from the first time domain resource by a second time length, and when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is spaced apart from the second time domain resource by a third time length; wherein an absolute value of a difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than a time length occupied by the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving a random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit.

48. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein, The fourth time domain resource includes a first time length, and the first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in a starting identifier included in the random access response message.

49. The apparatus of any one of claims 46-48, wherein, The second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer; or, the second value set is an even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is an odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is a positive integer.

50. The apparatus of claim 49, wherein, The transceiver is further configured to: receive a first parameter, the first parameter including Q, used to indicate N time units.

51. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein, The processing unit is further configured to: select one second parameter from M second parameters according to a third parameter, and determine a first frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter; wherein the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

52. The apparatus of claim 51, wherein, The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and a sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

53. A communications device, characterized by comprise: a processing unit configured to determine a first time-frequency resource and a second time-frequency resource, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource being a random access message opportunity, the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource belonging to a first time unit, the first time unit belonging to N time units, the N time units being time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message being used to trigger a first terminal device to access a network, N being a positive integer; and the first time unit being associated with a first frequency domain resource and a second frequency domain resource, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource belonging to M frequency domain resources associated with the first time unit, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2; a transceiver configured to receive a random access message from a first terminal device at a third time-frequency resource, a time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource being the first time domain resource or the second time domain resource, and a frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource being the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource.

54. The apparatus of claim 53 wherein, The transceiver is further configured to: transmit the first information and the second information; wherein the first information is used to indicate a starting position of the first time domain resource, or the first information is used to indicate a first offset, the first offset being an offset between an ending position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource, or the first offset being an offset between a starting position of the first time domain resource and a starting position of the second time domain resource; the second information is used to indicate one frequency domain resource of M frequency domain resources, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2.

55. The apparatus of claim 53 or 54, wherein, The first information is predefined, or the first information is associated with a scheduling parameter of the random access message.

56. The apparatus of any one of claims 53-55, wherein, An ending position of the first time domain resource is not later than a starting position of the second time domain resource, when the third time domain resource is the first time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced from the first time domain resource by a second time length, and when the third time domain resource is the second time domain resource, a fourth time domain resource is spaced from the second time domain resource by a third time length; wherein an absolute value of a difference between the second time length and the third time length is greater than a time length occupied by the second time domain resource, the fourth time domain resource is used to start receiving a random access response message, and the fourth time domain resource belongs to the first time unit.

57. The apparatus of claim 56 wherein, The fourth time domain resource includes a first time length, and the first time length is a time length corresponding to a high level in a starting identifier included in the random access response message.

58. The apparatus of any one of claims 53-57, wherein, The transceiver is further configured to: transmit a first parameter, the first parameter being used to indicate the N time units.

59. A communications device, characterized by The communication device includes at least one processor configured to cause the method of any one of claims 1-8 to be performed by the communication device, or the at least one processor is configured to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 9-13, or the at least one processor is configured to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 14-23, or the at least one processor is configured to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 24-29.

60. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program, when the computer program is run on a computer, causing the method of any one of claims 1-8 to be performed, or causing the method of any one of claims 9-13 to be performed, or causing the method of any one of claims 14-23 to be performed, or causing the method of any one of claims 24-29 to be performed.

61. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product includes a computer program, when the computer program is run on a computer, causing the method of any one of claims 1-8 to be performed, or causing the method of any one of claims 9-13 to be performed, or causing the method of any one of claims 14-23 to be performed, or causing the method of any one of claims 24-29 to be performed.

62. A chip system, characterized by The chip system includes a processor and an interface, the processor is configured to call and run instructions from the interface, when the processor executes the instructions, the method of any one of claims 1-8 is implemented, or the method of any one of claims 9-13 is implemented, or the method of any one of claims 14-23 is implemented, or the method of any one of claims 24-29 is implemented.

Images