Vehicular glass

Abstract

Provided is a vehicular glass capable of inhibiting penetration of a flying object from the outside of a vehicle even in a transmissive member. A vehicular glass 1 includes a glass member 10 in which an opening 19 penetrating from a surface on a first direction side (Z1 direction side) to a surface on a second direction side (Z2 direction side) is formed, and a transmissive member 20 that is disposed in the opening 19 and transmits far infrared rays. In the transmissive member 20, an inorganic material part 22 made of an inorganic material and an organic material part 24 made of an organic material are laminated.

Description

Vehicle glass

[0001] This invention relates to vehicle glass.

[0002] In recent years, far-infrared cameras have been installed in automobiles. Automobile windows typically do not transmit far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm. Therefore, for example, Patent Document 1 describes forming an opening in the vehicle glass and providing a far-infrared-transmitting member within the opening. This allows the far-infrared rays that have passed through the transmittance member to be detected by a far-infrared camera.

[0003] International Publication No. 2021 / 182290

[0004] Incidentally, ordinary window glass is laminated glass in which a resin layer is sandwiched between glass, and even if the glass is broken by flying objects from outside the vehicle, the expansion of the resin suppresses penetration and protects the occupants. When a through hole is made in the window glass and an infrared-transmitting member is filled in, as in Patent Document 1, the same protective function as ordinary window glass is desired for the transmittance member as well.

[0005] This invention has been made in view of the above problems, and aims to provide vehicle glass that can suppress the penetration of flying objects from outside the vehicle, even in a transparent member.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the objective, the vehicle glass according to this disclosure comprises a glass member having an opening that penetrates from the surface on the first direction side to the surface on the second direction side, and a transparent member disposed within the opening that transmits far-infrared rays, wherein the transparent member is laminated with an inorganic material portion made of an inorganic material and an organic material portion made of an organic material.

[0007] According to the present invention, even in a transparent member, the penetration of flying objects from outside the vehicle can be suppressed.

[0008] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the vehicle glass according to the first embodiment mounted on a vehicle. Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the vehicle glass according to the first embodiment. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B in Figure 2. Figure 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the transparent member in the vehicle glass. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example configuration when a far-infrared camera is attached to the vehicle glass. Figure 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the second embodiment. Figure 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the third embodiment. Figure 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the fourth embodiment. Figure 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the fifth embodiment. Figure 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the sixth embodiment. Figure 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the seventh embodiment. Figure 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the eighth embodiment. Figure 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the ninth embodiment. Figure 15 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the tenth embodiment. Figure 16 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the eleventh embodiment. Figure 17 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in another arrangement example of the heating element. Figure 18 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in yet another arrangement example of the heating element. Figure 19 is a plan view of the area around the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0009] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. The present invention is not limited by these embodiments, and if there are multiple embodiments, they may be constructed by combining each embodiment. Numerical values ​​include a range of rounding. When a numerical range is indicated by connecting the upper and lower limits with ~, this range includes the upper and lower limits. That is, for example, "X to Y" means that it is X or greater and Y or less. In this embodiment, the lower and upper limits can be combined as appropriate. That is, for example, if a lower limit is listed for a certain parameter and an upper limit is listed for that parameter, the lower limit may be any value selected from the listed lower limits, and the upper limit may be any value selected from the listed upper limits. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, physical properties and dimensions will be described as values ​​at room temperature, i.e., between 5°C and 35°C.

[0010] (First Embodiment) (Vehicle) Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the vehicle glass according to the first embodiment mounted on a vehicle. As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle glass 1 according to the first embodiment is mounted on a vehicle V. The vehicle glass 1 is a window member applied to the windshield of the vehicle V. That is, the vehicle glass 1 is used as the front window of the vehicle V, or in other words, as a windshield. A far-infrared camera CA1 and a visible light camera CA2 are mounted inside the vehicle V. The inside of the vehicle V refers to, for example, the interior of the vehicle where the driver's seat is located. Note that the vehicle glass 1 is not limited to being applied to the windshield of the vehicle V, but may be mounted at any position on the vehicle V.

[0011] The vehicle glass 1, far-infrared camera CA1, and visible light camera CA2 constitute the camera unit 100. The far-infrared camera CA1 is a camera that detects far-infrared rays. The far-infrared camera CA1 captures a thermal image of the outside of the vehicle V by detecting far-infrared rays from outside the vehicle V. The visible light camera CA2 is a camera that detects visible light. The visible light camera CA2 captures an image of the outside of the vehicle V by detecting visible light from outside the vehicle V. In addition to the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2, the camera unit 100 may further include, for example, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) or millimeter-wave radar. Here, far-infrared rays refer to, for example, electromagnetic waves in the wavelength band of 8 μm to 13 μm, and visible light refers to, for example, electromagnetic waves in the wavelength band of 380 nm to 830 nm.

[0012] (Vehicle Glass) Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of vehicle glass according to the first embodiment. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B in Figure 2. Figure 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the transparent member in vehicle glass. As shown in Figure 2, the upper edge of the vehicle glass 1 will be referred to as the upper edge portion 1a, the lower edge as the lower edge portion 1b, one side edge as the side edge portion 1c, and the other side edge as the side edge portion 1d. The upper edge portion 1a is the edge portion located on the vertically upper side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The lower edge portion 1b is the edge portion located on the vertically lower side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The side edge portion 1c is the edge portion located on one side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The side edge portion 1d is the edge portion located on the other side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V.

[0013] Hereinafter, among the directions parallel to the surface of the vehicle glass 1, the direction from the upper edge 1a to the lower edge 1b and the direction from the lower edge 1b to the upper edge 1a will be defined as the Y direction, and the direction from the side edge 1c to the side edge 1d and the direction from the side edge 1d to the side edge 1c will be defined as the X direction. In this embodiment, the X direction and the Y direction are orthogonal. The direction perpendicular to the surface of the vehicle glass 1, that is, the thickness direction of the vehicle glass 1, will be defined as the Z direction. Furthermore, one direction along the Z direction will be defined as the Z1 direction (first direction), and the direction opposite to the Z1 direction will be defined as the Z2 direction (second direction). The Z1 direction (first direction) is, for example, the direction from the inside to the outside of the vehicle V when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The Z2 direction (second direction) is, for example, the direction from the outside to the inside of the vehicle V when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The X and Y directions are along the surface of the vehicle glass 1, but if the surface of the vehicle glass 1 is curved, for example, they may be in directions tangent to the surface of the vehicle glass 1 at the center point O of the vehicle glass 1. The center point O is the center position of the vehicle glass 1 when viewed from the Z direction.

[0014] As shown in Figure 3, the vehicle glass 1 comprises a glass member 10. The glass member 10 is the main body portion of the vehicle glass 1 that constitutes the windshield of the vehicle V. The glass member 10 may be single-pane glass or laminated glass, but in this embodiment, the glass member 10 is made of laminated glass. Specifically, the glass member 10 comprises a glass substrate 12, a glass substrate 14, an intermediate layer 16, and a light-shielding layer 18. In the vehicle glass 1, the glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, the glass substrate 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are laminated in this order in the Z2 direction. The glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 are fixed (bonded) to each other via the intermediate layer 16.

[0015] The glass substrates 12 and 14 may be inorganic glass or organic glass. As inorganic glass, for example, soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, quartz glass, etc., can be used without particular limitation. Among these, soda-lime glass is particularly preferred in terms of manufacturing cost and moldability. For example, in the case of inorganic glass, glass plates formed by the float method or the like are preferred. When glass substrates 12 and 14 are inorganic glass, glass substrates 12 and 14 may be either untempered glass or tempered glass. Tempered glass may be either physically tempered glass or chemically tempered glass. Untempered glass is made by forming molten glass into a plate and slowly cooling it. Tempered glass is made by forming a compressive stress layer on the surface of untempered glass. Tempered glass may be either physically tempered glass or chemically tempered glass. In the case of physically strengthened glass, the glass surface may be strengthened by creating a compressive stress layer on the glass surface due to the temperature difference between the glass surface and the inside of the glass, through operations other than slow cooling, such as air-cooled strengthening, where a uniformly heated glass plate is rapidly cooled from a temperature near its softening point during bending. In the case of chemically strengthened glass, the glass surface may be strengthened after bending by creating compressive stress on the glass surface by methods such as ion exchange. Known molding techniques such as gravity molding, press molding, and roller molding may be used for bending the glass substrate. Glass that absorbs ultraviolet or infrared rays may also be used. Furthermore, the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 may be transparent or colored. The thickness of the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.3 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, even more preferably 1 mm or more, even more preferably 1.5 mm or more, and most preferably 2 mm or more. Furthermore, the thickness of the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 is preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 4 mm or less, and even more preferably 3 mm or less. The intermediate layer 16 is an adhesive layer that bonds the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 together.As the intermediate layer 16, known materials such as polyvinyl butyral (hereinafter also referred to as PVB) modified material, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) material, urethane resin material, and vinyl chloride resin material can be used. The intermediate layer 16 may also contain functional particles such as ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers, adhesion enhancers, antioxidants, and light stabilizers. The intermediate layer 16 may be transparent or colored. The intermediate layer 16 may also have a multilayer structure of two or more layers. More specifically, the glass substrate 12 includes one surface 12A (the surface on the Z1 direction) and the other surface 12B (the surface on the Z2 direction), and the other surface 12B is in contact with one surface 16A (the surface on the Z1 direction) of the intermediate layer 16 and is fixed (adhered) to the intermediate layer 16. The glass substrate 14 includes one surface 14A (the surface facing the Z1 direction) and the other surface 14B (the surface facing the Z2 direction), and the one surface 14A is in contact with the other surface 16B (the surface facing the Z2 direction) of the intermediate layer 16 and is fixed (bonded) to the intermediate layer 16. In this way, the vehicle glass 1 is a laminated glass in which the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 are laminated together. However, the vehicle glass 1 is not limited to laminated glass, and may be a configuration that includes only one of the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14 (i.e., a single-pane glass). In this case, the intermediate layer 16 may not be provided. The intermediate layer 16 may contain a heat-generating film (PET substrate), a heating device, an antenna, a liquid crystal device, a dimming device, an image projection layer, an emitting layer, a heat-reflective layer, etc. Hereinafter, when the glass substrates 12 and 14 are not distinguished, they will be referred to as the glass substrate. When the vehicle glass 1 is installed in a vehicle, the vehicle glass 1 may have a curved shape that protrudes outwards from the vehicle. The curved shape of the vehicle glass 1 from the periphery to the center may be a curved shape in only one direction, a curved shape in two perpendicular directions, or a curved shape in three or more directions. The thickness of the vehicle glass 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, even more preferably 4.5 mm or more, even more preferably 5 mm or more, and most preferably 6 mm or more.Furthermore, the thickness of the vehicle glass 1 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 9 mm or less, even more preferably 8 mm or less, and most preferably 7 mm or less. In this embodiment, the upper and lower limits can be combined as appropriate. Also, if the vehicle glass 1 is laminated glass, the above thickness may be read as the total thickness of the laminated glass.

[0016] The light-shielding layer 18 is a layer that blocks visible light. The light-shielding layer 18 may be provided in a strip shape along the periphery of the vehicle glass 1. This suppresses the deterioration of aesthetics due to refraction of the glass substrates 12 and 14. As the light-shielding layer 18, for example, a ceramic light-shielding layer or a light-shielding film can be used. As the ceramic light-shielding layer, for example, a ceramic layer made of conventionally known materials such as a black ceramic layer can be used. As the light-shielding film, for example, a light-shielding polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, a light-shielding polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film, a light-shielding polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film, etc. can be used. The light-shielding layer 18 includes one surface 18A (the surface on the Z1 direction side) and the other surface 18B (the surface on the Z2 direction side). In the example of Figure 3, one surface 18A is in contact with and fixed to the other surface 14B of the glass substrate 14, but it is not limited to this. For example, the light-shielding layer 18 may be provided on the surface 12B of the glass substrate 12. That is, the light-shielding layer 18 may be provided on the surface 14B of the glass substrate 14, on the surface 12B of the glass substrate 12, or on both the surface 14B and the surface 12B.

[0017] In this embodiment, the side of the vehicle glass 1 on which the light-shielding layer 18 is provided faces the interior side (Z2 direction side) and the glass substrate 12 faces the exterior side (Z1 direction side). However, it is not limited to this, and the light-shielding layer 18 may be provided on the exterior side of the vehicle V. If the vehicle glass 1 is made of laminated glass of glass substrates 12 and 14, the light-shielding layer 18 may be formed between the glass substrate 12 and the glass substrate 14. That is, the light-shielding layer 18 may be formed on, for example, the surface 12B or the surface 14A, or a part of the intermediate layer 16 may be the light-shielding layer 18. If a part of the intermediate layer 16 is the light-shielding layer 18, a part of the intermediate layer 16 may be colored with a dark pigment, or a layer containing a dark pigment may be provided in a part of the intermediate layer 16.

[0018] The glass member 10 has an opening 19 that penetrates from the inner surface (surface 18B on the Z2 direction side) to the outer surface (surface 12A on the Z1 direction side). A far-infrared transmitting unit U is provided inside the opening 19. In other words, the vehicle glass 1 according to this embodiment is a vehicle glass in which the far-infrared transmitting unit U according to this embodiment is provided in the opening 19. The far-infrared transmitting unit U comprises a transmitting member 20 that transmits far-infrared rays and a frame member 30 provided on the periphery of the transmitting member 20. In the following description, the direction toward the geometric center when the transmitting member 20 is viewed from the Z direction may be described as the radially inward direction, and the direction away from the geometric center may be described as the radially outward direction.

[0019] The transparent member 20 is positioned inside the opening 19 and transmits far-infrared rays. The average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm is higher for the transparent member 20 than for the glass member 10. The average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm is higher for the transparent member 20 than for the frame member 30. The transparent member 20 includes an inorganic material portion 22 made of an inorganic material and an organic material portion 24 made of an organic material. The inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 are stacked in the Z direction. In the transparent member 20 of the first embodiment, the outermost layer (Z1 direction side) is the inorganic material portion 22.

[0020] The transparent member 20 preferably has an average transmittance of 15% or more for far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm, more preferably 25% or more, even more preferably 35% or more, even more preferably 45% or more, and particularly preferably 55% or more. Furthermore, it is preferable that the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm for the transparent member 20 is 100% or less. In order to achieve an average transmittance of 85% or more for far-infrared rays, it is preferable to provide an anti-reflective coating. When the average transmittance of far-infrared rays falls within this numerical range, far-infrared rays are appropriately transmitted, and the performance of the far-infrared camera CA1 can be fully demonstrated. The transmittance of far-infrared rays can be measured, for example, by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (manufactured by ThermoScientific, product name: Nicolet iS10).

[0021] The ratio of the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the organic material portion 24 to the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more, and even more preferably 30% or more. The ratio of the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the organic material portion 24 to the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 90% or less, more preferably 80% or less, and even more preferably 70% or less. In this embodiment, the upper and lower limit values ​​can be combined as appropriate, and the same applies hereafter. The average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 25% or more, more preferably 40% or more, even more preferably 50% or more, even more preferably 70% or more, and particularly preferably 85% or more. Furthermore, it is preferable that the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the inorganic material portion 22 is 100% or less. Of the transmitting member 20, the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the organic material portion 24 is preferably 15% or more, more preferably 25% or more, even more preferably 35% or more, even more preferably 45% or more, and particularly preferably 55% or more. Furthermore, it is preferable that the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the organic material portion 24 is 100% or less.

[0022] The ratio of the thickness 24t of the organic material portion 24 to the thickness 22t of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 5% or more, more preferably 10% or more, and even more preferably 20% or more. The ratio of the thickness 24t of the organic material portion 24 to the thickness 22t of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 100% or less, more preferably 80% or less, and even more preferably 70% or less. The thickness 22t of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.5 mm or more. The thickness 22t of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 4.5 mm or less, and even more preferably 3.5 mm or less. The thickness 24t of the organic material portion 24 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.3 mm or more. The thickness 24t of the organic material portion 24 is preferably 1.5 mm or less, more preferably 1.2 mm or less, and even more preferably 1 mm or less.

[0023] The ratio of the Young's modulus of the organic material portion 24 to the Young's modulus of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 0.001% or more, more preferably 0.005% or more, and even more preferably 0.01% or more. The ratio of the Young's modulus of the organic material portion 24 to the Young's modulus of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and even more preferably 10% or less. The Young's modulus of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 1 GPa or more, more preferably 5 GPa or more, and even more preferably 10 GPa or more. The Young's modulus of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 1000 GPa or less, more preferably 700 GPa or less, and even more preferably 500 GPa or less. The Young's modulus of the organic material portion 24 is preferably 1 MPa or more, more preferably 5 MPa or more, and even more preferably 10 MPa or more. The Young's modulus of the organic material portion 24 is preferably 5000 MPa or less, more preferably 4000 MPa or less, and even more preferably 3000 MPa or less. The Young's modulus is measured by applying the tensile test method for metallic materials (JIS Z 2241) or the tensile test method for resin materials (JIS K 7161).

[0024] The material of the inorganic material section 22 is not particularly limited, but examples include ZnS, Ge, Si, and chalcogenide glass. A preferred composition of the chalcogenide glass is one in which, in atomic percent, Ge + Ga: 7% to 25%, Sb: 0% to 35%, Bi: 0% to 20%, Zn: 0% to 20%, Sn: 0% to 20%, Si: 0% to 20%, La: 0% to 20%, S + Se + Te: 55% to 80%, Ti: 0.005% to 0.3%, Li + Na + K + Cs: 0% to 20%, and F + Cl + Br + I: 0% to 20%. Preferably, this glass has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 140°C to 550°C.

[0025] The inorganic material portion 22 is more preferably composed mainly of at least one of Si and Ge. Here, "main component" may refer to a content of 50% by mass or more in the whole of the permeable member 20.

[0026] The material of the organic material part 24 is not particularly limited, but is formed of a material that transmits far infrared rays and has high strength, such as polyolefin resins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP).

[0027] The transmissive member 20 is manufactured, for example, by preparing a mold according to the completed transmissive member 20, disposing the previously manufactured inorganic material part 22 in the mold, and molding the organic material part 24 on one surface (in the first embodiment, the second surface 22B on the Z2 direction side) of the inorganic material part 22 by injection molding (insert molding). The transmissive member 20 may melt the surface (in the first embodiment, the first surface 24A on the Z1 direction side) of the organic material part 24 that joins the inorganic material part 22 and integrate them by thermal welding.

[0028] The transmissive member 20 may be coated on the surface on the vehicle outer side (Z1 direction side) (the first surface 20A, in the first embodiment, the first surface 22A of the inorganic material part 22) or the surface on the vehicle inner side (Z2 direction side) (the second surface 20B, in the first embodiment, the second surface 24B of the organic material part 24). For example, an antireflection film may be provided on the first surface 20A. As the antireflection film, an antireflection film of 3 to 12 layers is preferable, and the material is not particularly limited, but Ge, Si, ZnS, ZnSe, As ｘ , ｙ , ｙ , ｙ , ｙ , ｙ , ｘ , ｙ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ , ｘ S ｙ As ｘ Se ｙ 、metal oxides (Al ｘ O ｙ 、Bi ｘ O ｙ 、CeO ｘ 、CuO、HfO ｘ 、MgO、SiO、SiO ｘ 、NiO、TiO、TiO ｘ 、Ti ｘ O ｙ 、Y ｘ O ｙ 、ZrO ｘ ), hydrocarbon hydrides, diamond-like carbon (DLC), metal fluorides (MgF ｘ 、CaF ｘ 、SrF ｘ 、BaF ｘ 、PbF ｘ 、LaF ｘYF ｘ ) is preferable (x, y are any positive numbers). The layer on the Z1 side of the anti-reflective coating is preferably a film with a Mohs hardness of 7 or higher and high far-infrared transmittance, from the viewpoint of scratch resistance. The layer on the Z1 side of the anti-reflective coating is ZrO ｘ It is particularly preferable that it be a membrane.

[0029] Furthermore, a coating may be applied to the interface between the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 (in the first embodiment, between the second surface 22B on the Z2 direction side of the inorganic material portion 22 and the first surface 24A on the Z1 direction side of the organic material portion 24). For example, if the difference in refractive index between the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 is large, a film for adjusting the refractive index may be provided at the interface between the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24.

[0030] The shape of the transparent member 20 is not particularly limited, but it is preferably a plate-like shape that matches the shape of the opening 19. That is, for example, if the opening 19 is circular, the transparent member 20 is preferably a disc-shaped or cylindrical shape. Also, from the viewpoint of design, the surface shape of the transparent member 20 on the Z1 direction side may be processed to match the curvature of the outer surface shape of the glass substrate 12.

[0031] In the vehicle glass 1 of the first embodiment, the opening 19 on the surface on the Z1 direction side (surface 12A) has the same configuration as the opening 19 on the surface on the Z2 direction side (surface 18B), and it is preferable that the shape of the transmissive member 20 is also made the same as the area on the surface on the Z1 direction side and the surface on the Z2 direction side in accordance with this. In other words, no step is provided on the inner wall of the opening 19, and the inner wall of the opening 19 extends along the thickness direction of the vehicle glass 1. By adopting such a configuration, the manufacture of the glass member 10 and the transmissive member 20 becomes easy. Furthermore, when the glass member 10 is a laminated glass including a glass substrate 12 (on the Z1 direction side) and a glass substrate 14 (on the Z2 direction side), the opening 19 is formed by overlapping the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 and the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14. In this case, the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 may be made to overlap the opening 14a of the glass substrate 14, and the transmissive member 20 sized to match the size of the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12 may be disposed within the opening 12a of the glass substrate 12.

[0032] The frame member 30 is disposed between the inner peripheral surface of the opening 19 of the glass member 10 and the transmissive member 20. The frame member 30 holds the outer peripheral portion of the transmissive member 20 and is attached to the opening 19. The shape of the frame member 30 is not particularly limited, but when the transmissive member 20 is disc-shaped, it is formed in a cylindrical shape and is disposed at the peripheral edge portion of the transmissive member 20. The frame member 30 has a wall portion 32 disposed between the transmissive member 20 and the glass member 10, a flange portion 34 formed on the Z2 direction side with respect to the wall portion 32, and a pedestal portion 36 formed on the Z2 direction side of the transmissive member 20. The wall portion 32 intervenes between the transmissive member 20 and the glass member 10. When viewed in the thickness direction (Z direction) of the transmissive member 20, the pedestal portion 36 overlaps the outer peripheral portion of the transmissive member 20.

[0033] The frame member 30 may be composed of a single member or a plurality of members. The frame member 30 composed of a plurality of members may include, for example, a first member including a wall portion 32 and a second member including a flange portion 34. The frame member 30 composed of a plurality of members may be composed of, for example, a first member on the Z1 direction side and a second member on the Z2 direction side. The frame member 30 may be composed of three or more members. In the first embodiment, the frame member 30 is composed of a single member including a wall portion 32, a flange portion 34, and a pedestal portion 36.

[0034] The wall portion 32 is formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the peripheral edge portion of the transmissive member 20. The outer peripheral surface of the wall portion 32 faces the inner peripheral surface of the opening 19 of the glass member 10. The inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 32 faces the outer peripheral end surface of the transmissive member 20. The length of the wall portion 32 in the Z direction is not less than the total thickness of the glass member 10. The surface of the wall portion 32 on the Z1 direction side is exposed to the outside of the vehicle within the opening 19. The end portion of the wall portion 32 on the Z2 direction side is connected to the flange portion 34.

[0035] The flange portion 34 extends radially outward from the end portion of the wall portion 32 on the Z2 direction side. The flange portion 34 is provided on the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the wall portion 32 and is ring-shaped. The flange portion 34 extends from the outer peripheral surface of the wall portion 32 to the outside in the radial direction beyond the inner peripheral surface of the opening 19 of the glass member 10. That is, the outer dimension of the flange portion 34 is larger than the opening 19. When the frame member 30 is attached to the glass member 10, the flange portion 34 is disposed on the Z2 direction side with respect to the surface on the Z2 direction side (surface 18B of the light shielding layer 18) of the glass member 10 and faces the surface 18B in the Z direction. An adhesive 50 is provided between the flange portion 34 and the surface 18B. The frame member 30 is attached to the opening 19 of the glass member 10 by the adhesive 50 at the flange portion 34. For example, the adhesive 50 is formed in a ring shape over the entire circumference of the flange portion 34. Thereby, the water tightness between the inner peripheral surface of the opening 19 and the frame member 30 is ensured.

[0036] The base portion 36 is located in the Z2 direction relative to the transparent member 20. The base portion 36 extends radially inward from the inner circumferential surface of the wall portion 32. The base portion 36 is an inner flange formed on the inner circumferential surface of the wall portion 32, and is, for example, ring-shaped. The base portion 36 may not be ring-shaped, and may be provided locally at one or more locations in the circumferential direction of the wall portion 32, or it may be provided intermittently (discontinuously) over the entire circumferential direction of the wall portion 32.

[0037] The constituent material of the frame member 30 is not particularly limited. At least a portion of the frame member 30 may be made of resins such as ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) resin, AES (Acrylonitrile ethylene styrene) resin, rigid polyvinyl chloride (rigid PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). When the frame member 30 is made of a thermoplastic resin such as ABS, AES, or rigid polyvinyl chloride, a molding method such as injection molding can be applied.

[0038] At least a portion of the frame member 30 may be formed from an elastomer such as ethylene propylene monomer (EPDM), flexible polyvinyl chloride (flexible PVC), thermoplastic polyvinyl elastomer (TPVC), thermoplastic polyethylene elastomer (TPE), thermoplastic polyamide elastomer (TPAE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), vinylidene fluoride fluororubber (FKM), tetrafluoroethylene-purple vinyl ether fluororubber (FFKM), or silicone rubber. Here, FKM and FFKM are elastomers defined in ASTM:D1418. By using an elastomer as a constituent material of the frame member 30, the watertightness between the glass member 10 and the permeable member 20 can be improved.

[0039] Furthermore, at least a portion of the frame member 30 may be formed from a fluororesin such as ETFE (Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) or PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy alkanes). ETFE is a copolymer having units derived from ethylene and units derived from tetrafluoroethylene. ETFE may further contain units derived from monomers having adhesive functional groups as a third component. PFA is a copolymer having units derived from tetrafluoroethylene and units derived from perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether). PFA may further contain units derived from monomers having adhesive functional groups as a third component. ETFE and PFA are preferred as constituent materials for the frame member 30 due to their excellent moldability, and the adhesion is further improved by including an adhesive third component.

[0040] The monomer having adhesive functional groups is preferably a monomer having a carboxyl group, an acid anhydride group, or a carboxylic acid halide group, and more preferably an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride. Examples of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides include itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride (Hymic anhydride), and maleic anhydride. The monomer having adhesive functional groups may have one adhesive functional group alone or two or more adhesive functional groups.

[0041] ETFE may optionally contain units derived from ethylene, TFE, and monomers other than monomers having adhesive functional groups. Examples of other monomers include fluoroolefins (excluding tetrafluoroethylene) and fluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers). PFA may optionally contain units derived from TFE, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers), and monomers other than monomers having adhesive functional groups. Examples of other monomers include fluoroolefins (excluding tetrafluoroethylene).

[0042] Furthermore, the frame member 30 is preferably black in color. This improves the aesthetic appearance.

[0043] The adhesive 50 provided between the frame member 30 and the glass member 10 is formed from, for example, an adhesive such as a urethane adhesive or a modified silicone adhesive. This improves load-bearing capacity, heat resistance, and cold resistance, and improves adhesive strength and shear strength.

[0044] The transparent member 20 is attached to the opening 19 via the frame member 30. Preferably, the Z1-direction side surface (surface 30A) of the frame member 30 is formed flush with (continuously with) the Z1-direction side surface (first surface 20A) of the transparent member 20 and the Z1-direction side surface (surface 12A) of the glass substrate 12. In other words, the Z1-direction side surface 30A of the frame member 30 is attached to be continuous with the Z1-direction side first surface 20A of the transparent member 20 and the surface 12A of the glass substrate 12. The step difference at the boundary between the Z1-direction side first surface 20A of the transparent member 20 and the Z1-direction side surface 30A of the frame member 30 is preferably 0.3 mm or less, more preferably 0.2 mm or less, even more preferably 0.15 mm or less, and still preferably 0.1 mm or less. Furthermore, the step difference at the boundary between the Z1-direction surface 30A of the frame member 30 and the Z1-direction surface 12A of the glass member 10 is preferably 1.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 mm or less, more preferably 0.15 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.1 mm or less. By ensuring that the Z1-direction surface 30A of the frame member 30 is continuous with the Z1-direction first surface 20A of the transparent member 20 and the surface 12A of the glass substrate 12, the wiping effect of the wiper can be suppressed. In addition, by ensuring that the surface 30A of the frame member 30 is continuous with the first surface 20A of the transparent member 20 and the surface 12A of the glass substrate 12, the design of the vehicle V is not impaired, and the accumulation of sand and dust between the frame member 30 and the glass member 10, and between the frame member 30 and the transparent member 20 can be suppressed.

[0045] The step difference can be measured, for example, by irradiating the area enclosed by a line segment 10 mm radially inward from the inner edge of the surface 30A of the frame member 30 and a line segment 10 mm radially outward from the outer edge of the surface 30A of the frame member 30, using a laser displacement meter (Keyence Corporation, in-line profile measuring instrument: LJ-X8200), within the entire area of ​​the surface 30A of the frame member 30, the surface 10A of the glass member 10, and the first surface 20A of the transparent member 20, and then measuring the step difference profile obtained.

[0046] As shown in Figure 2, the vehicle glass 1 has a light-transmitting region A1 and a light-blocking region A2. The light-transmitting region A1 is the central part of the vehicle glass 1 when viewed from the Z direction. The light-transmitting region A1 is the region that ensures the driver's field of view. The light-transmitting region A1 is the region that transmits visible light. The light-blocking region A2 is the region that is formed around the light-transmitting region A1 when viewed from the Z direction. The light-blocking region A2 is the region that blocks visible light and ultraviolet light. Within the light-blocking region A2a, which is the part on the upper edge 1a side of the light-blocking region A2, a far-infrared transmitting region B and a visible light transmitting region C are formed.

[0047] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the light-shielding region A2 is formed by providing a light-shielding layer 18 on the glass member 10. In other words, the light-shielding region A2 is the region in which the glass member 10 is equipped with the light-shielding layer 18. Specifically, the light-shielding region A2 is the region in which the glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, the glass substrate 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are laminated. On the other hand, the light-transmitting region A1 is the region in which the glass member 10 is not equipped with the light-shielding layer 18. Specifically, the light-transmitting region A1 is the region in which the glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, and the glass substrate 14 are laminated, but the light-shielding layer 18 is not laminated.

[0048] The far-infrared transmission region B is a region that transmits far-infrared rays and is the region in which the far-infrared camera CA1 is installed. The far-infrared camera CA1 is installed in a position that overlaps with the far-infrared transmission region B when viewed from the optical axis direction of the far-infrared camera CA1. The region in which the opening 19 is formed and the far-infrared transmission unit U is installed is the far-infrared transmission region B. In other words, the far-infrared transmission region B is the region in which the opening 19 and the far-infrared transmission unit U, which is placed inside the opening 19, are installed. The far-infrared transmission region B does not have a light-shielding layer 18. That is, in the far-infrared transmission region B, the glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, the glass substrate 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are not provided, and the far-infrared transmission unit U is installed in the formed opening 19.

[0049] The visible light transmission region C is a region that transmits visible light and is the region in which the visible light camera CA2 is installed. The visible light camera CA2 is installed in a position that overlaps with the visible light transmission region C when viewed from the optical axis direction of the visible light camera CA2. As shown in Figure 4, the visible light transmission region C, like the light transmission region A1, is a region in the Z direction in which the glass member 10 does not have a light-shielding layer 18. That is, the visible light transmission region C is a region in which the glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, and the glass substrate 14 are laminated, and the light-shielding layer 18 is not laminated.

[0050] As described above, the light-shielding region A2 has a far-infrared transmitting region B and a visible light transmitting region C. Therefore, the light-shielding region A2 blocks far-infrared rays in areas other than where the far-infrared transmitting region B is formed, and blocks visible light in areas other than where the visible light transmitting region C is formed. The far-infrared transmitting region B and the visible light transmitting region C are surrounded by a light-shielding region A2a. This surrounding light-shielding region A2a is preferable because it protects the various sensors from sunlight. It is also preferable from a design standpoint because the wiring of the various sensors becomes invisible from outside the vehicle. The position where the far-infrared transmitting region B is formed is not limited to within the light-shielding region A2, but can be any position.

[0051] As shown in Figure 2, the far-infrared transmitting region B is formed near the upper edge 1a of the vehicle glass 1 in the Y direction and near the center of the vehicle glass 1 in the X direction. That is, the opening 19 and the transmitting member 20 are formed near the upper edge 1a of the vehicle glass 1 in the Y direction and near the center of the vehicle glass 1 in the X direction. Furthermore, the visible light transmitting region C is preferably located near the upper edge 1a in the Y direction and near the far-infrared transmitting region B, similar to the far-infrared transmitting region B.

[0052] Specifically, the center of the far-infrared transmission region B as viewed from the Z direction is defined as the center point OB, and the center of the visible light transmission region C as viewed from the Z direction is defined as the center point OC. When viewed from the Z direction, the shortest distance between the far-infrared transmission region B (the opening 19 described later) and the visible light transmission region C is defined as distance L. Preferably, distance L is greater than 0 mm and 100 mm or less, and more preferably 10 mm or more and 80 mm or less. By positioning the visible light transmission region C within this range relative to the far-infrared transmission region B, it is possible to capture images at close range with the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2, while suppressing the amount of transmission distortion in the visible light transmission region C, allowing the visible light camera CA2 to capture images appropriately. By capturing images at close range with the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2, the load on the computational processing of the data obtained from each camera is reduced, and the routing of power and signal cables is also optimized.

[0053] As shown in Figure 2, it is preferable that the visible light transmission region C and the far-infrared transmission region B are located side by side in the X direction. That is, it is preferable that the visible light transmission region C is not located on the Y-direction side of the far-infrared transmission region B, but is aligned with the far-infrared transmission region B in the X direction. By arranging the visible light transmission region C side by side with the far-infrared transmission region B in the X direction, the parallax between the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2 can be minimized, improving the object recognition rate of the target object, and the visible light transmission region C can be positioned near the upper edge 1a. Therefore, the driver's field of view in the light-transmitting region A1 can be appropriately secured. Note that being located side by side in the X direction means being within a range of ±50 mm with respect to the Y direction.

[0054] Thus, in this embodiment, the far-infrared transmitting region B (opening 19) is formed within the light-shielding region A2a, which is the portion of the light-shielding region A2 that is on the upper edge 1a side of the center point O (for example, in the vicinity of the upper edge 1a). However, the far-infrared transmitting region B (opening 19) is not limited to being formed within the light-shielding region A2a, but may be formed in any region on the surface of the glass member 10. For example, the far-infrared transmitting region B (opening 19) may be formed at a position on the lower edge 1b side of the center point O of the glass member 10 (for example, in the vicinity of the lower edge 1b). The same applies to the visible light transmitting region C.

[0055] (Camera Unit) Next, the configuration of the camera unit 100 of this embodiment, more specifically, an example of the configuration when the far-infrared camera CA1 is attached to the vehicle glass 1 will be described. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration when the far-infrared camera is attached to the vehicle glass. The camera unit 100 comprises a vehicle glass 1 including a glass member 10, a transparent member 20 and a frame member 30, a far-infrared camera CA1 and a visible light camera CA2.

[0056] The vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction. When mounted on the vehicle V, the Y-direction of the vehicle glass 1 is inclined with respect to the direction aligned with the downward vertical direction. When mounted on the vehicle V, the Z-direction of the vehicle glass 1 is horizontal and inclined with respect to the direction from the front to the rear of the vehicle V. However, the vehicle glass 1 is not limited to being mounted on the vehicle V so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction; for example, when mounted on the vehicle V, the Y-direction of the vehicle glass 1 may be aligned with the vertical direction, and the Z-direction of the vehicle glass 1 may be aligned with the horizontal direction. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the vehicle glass 1 is described in the state in which it is mounted on the vehicle V.

[0057] The type of far-infrared camera CA1 is not particularly limited, and any known far-infrared camera can be used. The far-infrared camera CA1 is sensitive to far-infrared rays with wavelengths of at least 8 μm to 13 μm. The far-infrared camera CA1 is installed on the interior side (Z2 direction side) of the vehicle glass 1 than the transparent member 20 of the vehicle glass 1 so that it can capture an external thermal image through the far-infrared transmission region B of the vehicle glass 1. The far-infrared camera CA1 is installed inside the vehicle V (inside the vehicle) at a position facing the far-infrared transmission region B. As shown in Figure 6, the far-infrared camera CA1 is attached to the vehicle glass 1 by, for example, a bracket 60. The far-infrared camera CA1 is usually installed so that the optical axis LX is approximately horizontal.

[0058] The type of visible light camera CA2 is not particularly limited, and any known visible light camera can be used. The visible light camera CA2 is installed on the interior side (Z2 direction side) of the vehicle glass 1's glass member 10 so that it can capture images of the outside through the visible light transmission area C of the vehicle glass 1. The visible light camera CA2 is installed inside the vehicle V (inside the vehicle) at a position facing the visible light transmission area C. It is preferable that the visible light camera CA2 is mounted so that the optical axis LX of the far-infrared camera CA1 and the optical axis of the visible light camera CA2 are approximately parallel. Approximately parallel is a concept that includes not only cases where these optical axes are perfectly parallel, but also cases where they are slightly deviated from parallel by an error margin. By doing so, the optical axis LX of the far-infrared camera CA1 and the center of the field of view of the visible light camera CA2 almost coincide, which is preferable when combining images obtained from these cameras for information processing.

[0059] (Second Embodiment) Figure 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the peripheral area of ​​the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the second embodiment. The vehicle glass 1 according to the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that, in the peripheral area of ​​the transparent member 20, the organic material portion 24 has an extended portion 24C that surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the inorganic material portion 22. That is, in the first embodiment, an example was shown in which the outer peripheral surface of the inorganic material portion 22 and the outer peripheral surface of the organic material portion 24 of the transparent member 20 are formed flush, but the shape of the peripheral area of ​​the transparent member 20 is not particularly limited to the configuration of the first embodiment.

[0060] As shown in Figure 7, in the second embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion 22 on the first surface 22A side is provided with a stepped portion 22C that is recessed radially inward from the outer circumferential surface. The outer diameter of the inorganic material portion 22 on the first surface 22A side of the stepped portion 22C is smaller than the outer diameter on the second surface 22B side of the stepped portion 22C. In other words, an engaging recess 22D is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion 22 on the first surface 22A side of the stepped portion 22C, and an engaging projection 22E is formed on the second surface 22B side of the stepped portion 22C. In Figure 7, the outer shape of the stepped portion 22C in cross-sectional view is exemplified as a right-angle shape, but it may also be an arc shape or a diagonal shape as long as the outer diameter on the second surface 22B side is smaller than the outer diameter on the first surface 22A side, and is not particularly limited.

[0061] On the other hand, the organic material portion 24 has an extended portion 24C that extends from the outer periphery of the first surface 24A toward the side where the inorganic material portion 22 in the Z direction is laminated (in the second embodiment, the Z1 direction side). The inorganic material portion 22 is joined to the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion 24C of the organic material portion 24 at its outer circumferential surface. The third surface 24D, which is the Z1 direction end face of the extended portion 24C, is formed flush with (continuously with) the Z1 direction surface of the inorganic material portion 22 (first surface 22A).

[0062] An engaging projection 24E and an engaging recess 24F are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion 24C. The engaging projection 24E contacts the first surface 24A of the organic material portion 24 and protrudes radially inward. The engaging projection 24E fits into the engaging recess 22D, which is on the first surface 22A side of the stepped portion 22C of the inorganic material portion 22. The engaging recess 24F does not contact either the first surface 24A or the second surface 24B of the organic material portion 24, is adjacent to the engaging projection 24E on the Z2 side, and is recessed radially outward. The engaging projection 22E, which is on the second surface 22B side of the stepped portion 22C of the inorganic material portion 22, fits into the engaging recess 24F.

[0063] Thus, in the second embodiment, the transparent member 20 has the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion 24C of the organic material portion 24 joined to the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion 22. As a result, the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 are joined not only on the main surface but also on the side surfaces, improving the bonding strength and suppressing delamination. Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the engaging projection 24E of the organic material portion 24 fits inside the engaging recess 22D of the inorganic material portion 22, and the engaging projection 22E of the inorganic material portion 22 fits inside the engaging recess 24F of the organic material portion 24, thereby engaging the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 in the Z direction. The inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 are joined in an uneven manner on the side surfaces, allowing them to be mechanically fixed against the force in the thickness direction.

[0064] The radial thickness of the extended portion 24C of the organic material portion 24 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.5 mm or more. The radial thickness of the extended portion 24C of the organic material portion 24 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 7 mm or less, and even more preferably 5 mm or less. Furthermore, the size of the stepped portion 22C of the inorganic material portion 22, that is, the difference between the outer diameter on the first surface 22A side of the stepped portion 22C and the outer diameter on the second surface 22B side of the stepped portion 22C, is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.5 mm or more. The size of the stepped portion 22C of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 7 mm or less, and even more preferably 5 mm or less.

[0065] (Third Embodiment) Figure 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the third embodiment. The vehicle glass 1 according to the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that, in the outer periphery of the transparent member 20, the organic material portion 24 has an extended portion 24C that surrounds the outer periphery of the inorganic material portion 22. Furthermore, the vehicle glass 1 according to the third embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that the extended portion 24C of the organic material portion 24 is not exposed on the first surface 20A side of the transparent member 20.

[0066] As shown in Figure 8, in the third embodiment, the engaging recess 22D of the inorganic material portion 22 is not in contact with the first surface 22A, but is formed at a position away from the first surface 22A in the Z2 direction. The third surface 24D of the organic material portion 24 is joined to the inorganic material portion 22. Also, the outer diameter of the engaging projection 22E is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer peripheral end face 22F that is in contact with the first surface 22A. The outer peripheral end face 22F of the inorganic material portion 22 is formed flush (continuously) with the outer peripheral surface of the organic material portion 24. By joining the third surface 24D of the organic material portion 24 and the inorganic material portion 22 in the Z direction in this way, a stronger fixation against the force in the thickness direction can be achieved.

[0067] (Fourth Embodiment) Figure 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the peripheral area of ​​the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the fourth embodiment. The fourth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the organic material portion 24 has an extended portion 24C that surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the inorganic material portion 22. Furthermore, the vehicle glass 1 according to the fourth embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that overlapping uneven portions 20G are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the extended portion 24C of the organic material portion 24 and on the outer peripheral surface of the inorganic material portion 22.

[0068] As shown in Figure 9, in the fourth embodiment, an uneven portion 22G is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion 22. The uneven portion 22G is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion 22, extending from the end on the first surface 22A side to the end on the second surface 22B side. In addition, an uneven portion 24G of the organic material portion 24 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion 24C of the organic material portion 24, overlapping with the uneven portion 22G of the inorganic material portion 22. The uneven portion 24G of the organic material portion 24 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion 24C of the organic material portion 24, extending from the end on the third surface 24D side to the end on the first surface 24A side. Hereinafter, when the uneven portion 22G of the inorganic material portion 22 and the uneven portion 24G of the organic material portion 24 are not distinguished, they will simply be referred to as the uneven portion 20G. The transparent member 20 engages with the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 in the Z direction due to the overlapping of the uneven portions 20G. The inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 are joined in an uneven manner on the side surface, allowing for mechanical fixation against forces in the thickness direction.

[0069] The uneven portion 20G has a shape in which recesses and protrusions are arranged regularly or irregularly. Examples of uneven portions 20G in which recesses and protrusions are arranged regularly include a screw shape in which spiral protrusions and recesses are formed at a constant pitch, a bellows-like shape in which ring-shaped protrusions and ring-shaped recesses are arranged alternately in the Z direction, and a shape in which a certain pattern of unevenness repeats, such as knurling. The number of unevennesses in the uneven portion 20G is expressed, for example, by the number of vertices of the protruding portion. The number of unevennesses is multiple. Preferably, there is one or more unevennesses, more preferably two or more, and even more preferably three or more. By having four or more unevennesses, the contact area of ​​the overlapping portions of the uneven portions 20G can be effectively increased.

[0070] (Fifth Embodiment) Figure 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the peripheral area of ​​the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the fifth embodiment. The vehicle glass 1 according to the fifth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that, in the peripheral area of ​​the transparent member 20, the inorganic material portion 22 has an extended portion 22H that surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the organic material portion 24.

[0071] As shown in Figure 10, in the fifth embodiment, the inorganic material portion 22 has an extended portion 22H that extends from the outer periphery of the second surface 22B toward the side where the organic material portion 24 is laminated in the Z direction (in the fifth embodiment, the Z2 direction side). The organic material portion 24 is joined to the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion 22H of the inorganic material portion 22 at its outer circumferential surface. The third surface 22I, which is the Z2 direction end face of the extended portion 22H, is formed flush with (continuously with) the Z2 direction surface (second surface 24B) of the organic material portion 24.

[0072] Thus, in the fifth embodiment, the transparent member 20 has the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion 22H of the inorganic material portion 22 joined to the outer circumferential surface of the organic material portion 24. As a result, the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 are joined not only on the main surface but also on the side surfaces, improving the bonding strength and suppressing delamination. In addition, in the fifth embodiment, the inorganic material portion 22 is arranged at the outermost periphery of the transparent member 20, and the inorganic material portion 22 is joined to the frame member 30 at its outer circumferential surface and the third surface 22I. Generally, organic materials that transmit far-infrared rays are difficult to bond, but by joining the frame member 30 at the inorganic material portion 22, which has higher adhesive properties than the organic material portion 24, bonding between the transparent member 20 and the frame member 30 can be facilitated. Note that high adhesive properties refer to high wettability and surface energy.

[0073] The radial thickness of the extended portion 22H of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.5 mm or more. The radial thickness of the extended portion 22H of the inorganic material portion 22 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 7 mm or less, and even more preferably 5 mm or less.

[0074] (Sixth Embodiment) Figure 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the peripheral area of ​​the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the sixth embodiment. The vehicle glass 1 according to the sixth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the outer diameter of the inorganic material portion 22 is larger than the outer diameter of the organic material portion 24.

[0075] As shown in Figure 11, in the sixth embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion 22 protrudes outward (radially outward) from the outer circumferential surface of the organic material portion 24. That is, the transparent member 20 has a stepped portion on its outer circumferential surface. On the inner circumferential surface of the frame member 30 in the sixth embodiment, a stepped portion 38 corresponding to the difference in outer diameter between the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 is formed. In the outer circumferential portion of the inorganic material portion 22 that protrudes outward from the outer circumferential surface of the organic material portion 24, the second surface 22B is joined to the stepped portion 38 of the frame member 30 via adhesive 52. Generally, organic materials that transmit far-infrared rays are difficult to bond, but by joining the inorganic material portion 22 to the frame member 30, bonding between the transparent member 20 and the frame member 30 can be facilitated.

[0076] The difference between the outer diameter of the inorganic material portion 22 and the outer diameter of the organic material portion 24 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.5 mm or more. The difference between the outer diameter of the inorganic material portion 22 and the outer diameter of the organic material portion 24 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 7 mm or less, and even more preferably 5 mm or less.

[0077] (Seventh Embodiment) Figure 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the peripheral area of ​​the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the seventh embodiment. The vehicle glass 1 according to the seventh embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it has an opaque member 40.

[0078] As shown in Figure 12, the opaque member 40 is provided so as to surround the peripheral edge of the organic material portion 24. The opaque member 40 is formed, for example, in a ring shape that surrounds the entire circumference of the organic material portion 24. The outer circumferential surface of the opaque member 40 faces the inner circumferential surface of the wall portion 32 of the frame member 30. The first surface 40A of the opaque member 40 in the Z1 direction is joined to the second surface 22B of the outer circumferential portion of the inorganic material portion 22. The second surface 40B of the opaque member 40 in the Z2 direction is bonded to the base portion 36 of the frame member 30 via adhesive 52. In the seventh embodiment, the outer diameter of the opaque member 40 is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the inorganic material portion 22, and the inner diameter of the opaque member 40 is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the organic material portion 24. Here, "approximately the same" is a concept that includes not only cases where these diameters are exactly the same, but also cases where they deviate slightly from being the same to the extent of an error.

[0079] The non-transparent member 40 is made of an organic material that does not transmit far-infrared rays. The material of the non-transparent member 40 is not particularly limited, but is made of a resin material that can be two-color molded with the organic material part 24 and has high strength, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin (ABS), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The non-transparent member 40 is integrally molded with the organic material part 24. More specifically, the non-transparent member 40 is manufactured by two-color molding with the organic material part 24. By joining the frame member 30 to the non-transparent member 40, which has higher adhesive properties than the organic material part 24, the bonding between the transparent member 20 and the frame member 30 can be facilitated.

[0080] (Eighth Embodiment) Figure 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the eighth embodiment. The vehicle glass 1 according to the eighth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it has an opaque member 40. Furthermore, the vehicle glass 1 according to the eighth embodiment differs from the seventh embodiment in that the opaque member 40 is provided so as to surround not only the organic material portion 24 but also the inorganic material portion 22 and the peripheral edge of the organic material portion 24.

[0081] As shown in Figure 13, the opaque member 40 is integrally molded with the organic material portion 24 so as to surround the periphery of the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24. The opaque member 40 is formed, for example, in a ring shape that surrounds the entire circumference of the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24. The outer circumferential surface of the opaque member 40 faces the inner circumferential surface of the wall portion 32 of the frame member 30. The first surface 40A of the opaque member 40 in the Z1 direction is formed flush (continuously) with the first surface 22A of the inorganic material portion 22. The second surface 40B of the opaque member 40 in the Z2 direction is bonded to the base portion 36 of the frame member 30 via adhesive 52.

[0082] (Ninth Embodiment) Figure 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the peripheral area of ​​the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the ninth embodiment. The vehicle glass 1 according to the seventh embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it does not have a frame member 30, but has an opaque member 42.

[0083] As shown in Figure 14, the opaque member 42 is positioned between the inner circumferential surface of the opening 19 of the glass member 10 and the organic material portion 24. The opaque member 42 holds the outer circumferential portion of the organic material portion 24 and is attached to the opening 19. The shape of the opaque member 42 is not particularly limited, but if the organic material portion 24 is disc-shaped, it is formed in a cylindrical shape. The opaque member 42 has a wall portion 44 positioned between the organic material portion 24 and the glass member 10, and a flange portion 46 formed on the Z2 direction side relative to the wall portion 44. The wall portion 44 is interposed between the organic material portion 24 and the glass member 10.

[0084] The wall portion 44 is formed in a cylindrical shape that surrounds the peripheral edge of the organic material portion 24. The outer surface of the wall portion 44 faces the inner surface of the opening 19 of the glass member 10. The opaque member 42 is integrally molded with the organic material portion 24 on the inner surface of the wall portion 44. The length of the wall portion 44 in the Z direction is greater than or equal to the total thickness of the organic material portion 24. The first surface 42A of the wall portion 44 in the Z1 direction is joined to the second surface 22B of the outer periphery of the inorganic material portion 22. The end of the wall portion 44 on the Z2 direction side is connected to the flange portion 46.

[0085] The flange portion 46 extends radially outward from the Z1-direction end of the wall portion 44. The flange portion 46 is provided around the entire circumference of the outer surface of the wall portion 44 and is ring-shaped. The flange portion 46 extends radially outward from the outer surface of the wall portion 44 beyond the inner surface of the opening 19 of the glass member 10. In other words, the outer dimensions of the flange portion 46 are larger than the opening 19. When the transparent member 20 and the opaque member 42 are attached to the glass member 10, the flange portion 46 is positioned on the Z2-direction side with respect to the Z2-direction surface of the glass member 10 (the surface 18B of the light-shielding layer 18) and faces the surface 18B in the Z direction. Adhesive 50 is provided between the flange portion 46 and the surface 18B. The opaque member 42 is attached to the opening 19 of the glass member 10 by the adhesive 50 at the flange portion 46. For example, the adhesive 50 is formed in a ring shape around the entire circumference of the flange portion 46. This ensures watertightness between the inner surface of the opening 19 and the non-permeable member 42.

[0086] The opaque member 42, like the opaque member 40 of the seventh embodiment, is made of an organic material that does not transmit far-infrared rays. The material of the opaque member 42 is not particularly limited, but is made of a resin material that can be two-color molded with the organic material part 24 and has high strength, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin (ABS), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The opaque member 42 is integrally molded with the organic material part 24. More specifically, the opaque member 42 is manufactured by two-color molding with the organic material part 24. By joining the glass member 10 at the opaque member 42, which has higher adhesion than the organic material part 24, the joining of the transparent member 20 and the glass member 10 can be facilitated. Furthermore, by giving the opaque member 42 itself the function of a frame member 30, the number of parts can be reduced, that is, the number of joints that are weak points in terms of strength can be reduced, and thus the strength can be improved.

[0087] (Tenth Embodiment) Figure 15 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the peripheral area of ​​the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the tenth embodiment. The vehicle glass 1 according to the tenth embodiment differs from the first to ninth embodiments in that the transparent member 20 is laminated in three layers, with inorganic material parts 22 and organic material parts 24 arranged alternately.

[0088] As shown in Figure 15, the transparent member 20 is constructed by laminating three layers of inorganic material 22 and organic material 24 alternately, with the inorganic material 221, organic material 24, and inorganic material 222 arranged from the Z1 direction to the Z2 direction. The transparent member 20 has the structure shown in Figure 15, which improves impact resistance and penetration strength, as well as sound insulation.

[0089] In the first to tenth embodiments described above, examples were shown in which the inorganic material portion 22 is provided in the layer on the outside of the vehicle (Z1 direction side) of the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24. However, the organic material portion 24 may also be provided in the layer on the outside of the vehicle (Z1 direction side). Furthermore, in the first to ninth embodiments described above, examples were shown in which one layer each of the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 is provided. However, as in the tenth embodiment, they may be arranged alternately in a three-layer stack, or four or more layers may be stacked. In the case of three layers, for example, they may be arranged from the Z1 direction side toward the Z2 direction as inorganic material portion 221, organic material portion 24, inorganic material portion 222, as in the tenth embodiment, or they may be arranged as organic material portion 24, inorganic material portion 22, organic material portion 24. Also, when two or more inorganic material portions 22 are provided, the shape and thickness 22t of each inorganic material portion 22 may be substantially the same or different. Similarly, when two or more layers of organic material 24 are provided, the shape and thickness 24t of each organic material 24 may be substantially the same or different. Here, "substantially the same" is a concept that includes not only cases where the thicknesses 22t and 24t are completely identical, but also cases where they deviate slightly from being identical to the extent of an error.

[0090] (Eleventh Embodiment) Figure 16 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the eleventh embodiment. Figure 17 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in another arrangement example of the heating element. Figure 18 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area around the outer periphery of the transparent member in yet another arrangement example of the heating element. Figure 19 is a plan view of the area around the transparent member in the vehicle glass according to the eleventh embodiment. The vehicle glass 1 according to the eleventh embodiment differs from the first to tenth embodiments in that a heating element 70 for heating the transparent member 20 is attached to the transparent member 20.

[0091] The heating element 70 is provided in the organic material portion 24 of the permeable member 20. In the arrangement example shown in Figure 16, the heating element 70 is provided at the boundary between the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24. In the arrangement example shown in Figure 17, the heating element 70 is provided inside the organic material portion 24. In the arrangement example shown in Figure 18, the permeable member 20 is laminated in three layers, alternating between the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24, as shown in the tenth embodiment, and the heating element 70 is provided at the boundary between the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 on the Z2 direction side. Furthermore, the arrangement is not limited to the examples shown in Figures 16 to 18; for example, if two or more layers of organic material portion 24 are provided, a heating element 70 may be provided in each organic material portion 24.

[0092] The heating element 70 is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a conductive material, but can be formed from a conductive thin film such as gold, silver, copper, or tin-doped indium oxide. The heating element 70 can be formed using physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods such as sputtering, vacuum deposition, or ion plating. The heating element 70 may also be formed using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or wet coating methods.

[0093] As the heating element 70, an electric heating wire that is heated by the passage of electricity, or a resin film on which the electric heating wire is sealed or printed may be used. The material of the heating wire is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive material, but examples include a pure metal selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, tin, iron, nickel, chromium, and tungsten, an alloy containing one or more metals selected from this group, carbon, or graphene.

[0094] When the heating element 70 is sealed with a resin film, the average transmittance of the resin film of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm is preferably 15% or more, more preferably 25% or more, even more preferably 35% or more, even more preferably 45% or more, and particularly preferably 55% or more. Furthermore, it is preferable that the average transmittance of the resin film of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm is 100% or less. The resin film is preferably made of a material that transmits far-infrared rays, such as a polyolefin resin like polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), and may be made of the same material as the organic material portion 24.

[0095] As shown in Figure 19, the heating element 70 of this embodiment is most preferably positioned on the outer circumference of the transparent member 20, overlapping the base portion 36 of the frame member 30, when viewed in the thickness direction (Z direction) of the transparent member 20, and is preferably positioned outside the field of view of the far-infrared camera CA1. The heating element 70 is arranged to continuously surround the outer circumference of the transparent member 20, for example, as shown in Figure 19. The shape of the heating element 70 is not particularly limited, but it is preferably shaped to match the shape of the transparent member 20. For example, if the transparent member 20 is disc-shaped, the heating element 70 is preferably formed in an annular shape along the outer circumference of the transparent member 20. The heating element 70 is, for example, formed in an annular shape along the outer circumference of the transparent member 20 and may have one or more gaps in the circumferential direction. If multiple gaps are provided, the multiple gaps may be provided evenly in the circumferential direction or unevenly.

[0096] When viewed in the thickness direction (Z direction) of the permeable member 20, the area occupied by the heating element 70 (or, in the case of a resin film with a sealed heating element, the heating element) of the permeable member 20 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 25% or less, even more preferably 10% or less, and particularly preferably 5% or less. Furthermore, the area occupied by the heating element 70 (or, in the case of a resin film with a sealed heating element, the heating element) of the permeable member 20 is preferably 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.05% or more, even more preferably 0.1% or more, and particularly preferably 0.5% or more.

[0097] If the heating element 70 (or heating wire in the case of a resin film in which a heating wire is sealed) is a heating wire and is positioned within the field of view of the far-infrared camera CA1, then the wire width of the heating wire is preferably 200 μm or less, more preferably 100 μm or less, even more preferably 50 μm or less, and particularly preferably 25 μm or less, so as not to affect the camera's imaging.

[0098] Preferably, the temperature of the heating element 70 can be controlled independently. For example, if a heating means for preventing fogging of the glass member 10 is provided in the vehicle glass 1, or in the vehicle V on which the vehicle glass 1 is mounted, the control unit for controlling the heating means and the control unit for controlling the temperature of the heating element 70 are provided separately. Here, "provided separately" is not limited to physical dispersion, but also includes cases where they are functionally dispersed in a single control device. By making the heating element 70 independently controllable in the vehicle glass 1, it is possible to heat only the heating element 70 for heating the transparent member 20, for example, when the glass member 10 is not fogged or is only slightly fogged to the point where visibility is not affected, but the transparent member 20 is fogged. This reduces power consumption compared to heating the entire vehicle glass 1. Furthermore, it is possible to effectively suppress fogging of the transparent member 20 while suppressing damage to the vehicle glass 1 due to overheating and malfunction of the far-infrared camera CA1.

[0099] (Modification) The vehicle glass 1 according to the embodiment is not limited to the embodiment described above. In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the opening 19, the transparent member 20, and the frame member 30 are circular in shape when viewed from above, but the planar shape of the opening 19, the transparent member 20, and the frame member 30 is not particularly limited. The opening 19, the transparent member 20, and the frame member 30 may be elliptical in shape when viewed from above. The circular shape shown in the above embodiment can also be said to be an example in which the length of the major axis and the length of the minor axis are equal in an ellipse. Furthermore, the opening 19, the transparent member 20, and the frame member 30 may be rectangular, square, trapezoidal, rhombus, or other quadrilateral in shape when viewed from above, or they may be a so-called oval shape (rounded rectangle), or they may be a polygon other than a quadrilateral, such as a triangle, pentagon, or hexagon, or they may be a star or a gear shape. Thus, the planar shape of the opening 19, the transparent member 20, and the frame member 30 is arbitrary. In other words, the planar shape of the far-infrared transmission region B of the vehicle glass 1 is arbitrary. Similarly, the planar shape of the visible light transmission region C of the vehicle glass 1 is arbitrary.

[0100] (Effects of the Disclosure) The vehicle glass 1 according to the first aspect of the Disclosure comprises a glass member 10 having an opening 19 that penetrates from the surface 12A on the first direction side (Z1 direction side) to the surface 14B on the second direction side (Z2 direction side) opposite to the first direction side, and a transparent member 20 disposed within the opening 19 that transmits far-infrared rays, wherein the transparent member 20 is laminated with an inorganic material portion 22 made of an inorganic material and an organic material portion 24 made of an organic material. The vehicle glass 1 according to the first aspect has a transparent member 20, a layer of inorganic material portion 22 with high far-infrared transmittance, and a layer of organic material portion 24 with high impact resistance and penetration strength, so that the organic material portion 24 can absorb the impact energy that cannot be absorbed by the inorganic material portion 22 alone. As a result, it is possible to sufficiently transmit far-infrared rays while improving impact resistance and penetration strength, thereby ensuring far-infrared transmittance that allows for appropriate thermal image acquisition by the far-infrared camera CA1, and also suppressing penetration of flying objects from outside the vehicle by the transparent member 20.

[0101] The vehicle glass 1 according to the second aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to the first aspect, wherein the layer on the first direction side (Z1 direction side) of the inorganic material portion 22 and organic material portion 24 is the inorganic material portion 22. Generally, inorganic materials have higher scratch resistance to wipers than organic materials and block some or all of ultraviolet light. The vehicle glass 1 according to the second aspect can improve durability by arranging the inorganic material portion 22 on the outermost side (Z1 direction side) of the vehicle, and can also suppress deterioration of the organic material portion 24 due to ultraviolet light. Furthermore, when an object collides with the vehicle from the outside, the layer on the inner side (Z2 direction side) receives tensile stress in the planar direction that causes fracture. By arranging the organic material portion 24 on this inner side (Z2 direction side), impact resistance and penetration strength can be effectively improved.

[0102] The vehicle glass 1 according to the third aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to either the first or second aspect, wherein the transparent member 20 is laminated in three or more layers, with inorganic material parts 22 and organic material parts 24 arranged alternately. By having a laminated glass structure of three or more layers, the vehicle glass 1 according to the third aspect can improve impact resistance and penetration strength, as well as sound insulation.

[0103] The vehicle glass 1 according to the fourth aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the first to third aspects, wherein the organic material portion 24 has an extended portion 24C that extends from the outer periphery toward the side where the inorganic material portion 22 is laminated (in the embodiment, toward the Z1 direction), and the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion 24C is joined to the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion 22. In the vehicle glass 1 according to the fourth aspect, the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 are joined not only on the main surface but also on the side surface, thereby improving the bonding strength and suppressing delamination.

[0104] The vehicle glass 1 according to the fifth aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to the fourth aspect, wherein the extended portion 24C has an engaging recess 24F into which an engaging projection 22E formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inorganic material portion 22 fits. In the vehicle glass 1 according to the fifth aspect, the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 are joined in an uneven manner on the side surface, so that they can be mechanically fixed against the force in the thickness direction, thereby improving the bonding strength and suppressing peeling.

[0105] The vehicle glass 1 according to the sixth aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to either the fourth or fifth aspect, wherein the extended portion 24C has an engaging projection 24E that fits into an engaging recess 22D formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inorganic material portion 22. In the vehicle glass 1 according to the sixth aspect, the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 are joined in an uneven manner on the side surface, so that they can be mechanically fixed against the force in the thickness direction, thereby improving the bonding strength and suppressing peeling.

[0106] The vehicle glass 1 according to the seventh aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the fourth to sixth aspects, wherein overlapping uneven portions 20G (uneven portions 22G and uneven portions 24G) are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion 24C and the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion 22. In the vehicle glass 1 according to the seventh aspect, the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 are joined in an uneven manner on the side surface, so that they can be mechanically fixed against the force in the thickness direction, thereby improving the bonding strength and suppressing peeling.

[0107] The eighth aspect of the present disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the first to third aspects, wherein the inorganic material portion 22 has an extended portion 22H that extends from the outer periphery toward the side where the organic material portion 24 is laminated (in the embodiment, toward the Z2 direction), and the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion 22H is joined to the outer circumferential surface of the organic material portion 24. In the eighth aspect of the vehicle glass 1, the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 are joined in an uneven manner on the side surface, so that they can be mechanically fixed against the force in the thickness direction, thereby improving the bonding strength and suppressing peeling. In addition, although organic materials that transmit far infrared rays are generally difficult to bond, since the inorganic material portion 22 is arranged on the outermost periphery, bonding to the glass member 10 side becomes easier.

[0108] The vehicle glass 1 according to the ninth aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the first to third aspects, further comprising a frame member 30 that holds the outer periphery of a transparent member 20 and is attached to an opening 19, wherein the outer periphery surface of the inorganic material portion 22 protrudes outward from the outer periphery surface of the organic material portion 24, and the inorganic material portion 22 is bonded to the frame member 30 at the outer periphery portion that protrudes outward from the outer periphery surface of the organic material portion 24. Generally, organic materials that transmit far-infrared rays are difficult to bond, but the vehicle glass 1 according to the ninth aspect can improve bonding strength because the inorganic material portion 22 is bonded to the frame member 30.

[0109] The vehicle glass 1 according to the tenth aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the first to third aspects, further comprising an opaque member 40 made of an organic material that does not transmit far-infrared rays, and a frame member 30 that holds the outer periphery of the inorganic material portion 22 and is attached to the opening 19. The opaque member 40 is integrally molded with the organic material portion 24 so as to surround the peripheral edge of the organic material portion 24 and is bonded to the frame member 30. Generally, organic materials that transmit far-infrared rays are difficult to bond, but in the vehicle glass 1 according to the tenth aspect, the bond strength can be improved because the frame member 30 is bonded to the opaque member 40, which has higher adhesive properties than the organic material portion 24.

[0110] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 11th aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the first to third aspects, further comprising an opaque member 40 made of an organic material that does not transmit far-infrared rays, and a frame member 30 that holds the outer periphery of the opaque member 40 and is attached to the opening 19. The opaque member 40 is integrally molded with the organic material portion 24 so as to surround the periphery of the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24, and is bonded to the frame member 30. Generally, organic materials that transmit far-infrared rays are difficult to bond, but in the vehicle glass 1 according to the 11th aspect, the bond strength can be improved because the frame member 30 is bonded to the opaque member 40, which has higher adhesive properties than the organic material portion 24. In addition, since the inorganic material portion 22 and the opaque member 40 are joined on the side, the bond strength can be improved and peeling can be suppressed.

[0111] The vehicle glass 1 according to the twelfth aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the first to third aspects, further comprising an opaque member 42 made of an organic material that does not transmit far-infrared rays, the opaque member 42 having a wall portion 32 that is arranged between the organic material portion 24 and the opening 19 and is joined so as to surround the peripheral edge of the organic material portion 24, and a flange portion 34 that is formed on the second direction side (Z2 direction side) relative to the wall portion 32 and is bonded to the second direction side (Z2 direction side) surface 18B of the glass member 10. Generally, organic materials that transmit far-infrared rays are difficult to bond, but the vehicle glass 1 according to the twelfth aspect can improve bonding strength because it is bonded to the glass member 10 at the opaque member 42 which has higher adhesive strength than the organic material portion 24. In addition, by giving the opaque member 42 itself the function of a frame member 30, the number of parts can be reduced, that is, the number of joints which are weak points in terms of strength can be reduced, and thus the strength can be improved.

[0112] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 13th aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the 1st to 12th aspects, and has a heating element 70 attached to a transparent member 20 for heating the transparent member 20. The vehicle glass 1 according to the 13th aspect can suppress condensation on the transparent member 20 and suppress fogging of the transparent member 20 caused by the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle by heating the transparent member 20.

[0113] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 14th aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the 1st to 13th aspects, wherein the ratio of the thickness 24t of the organic material portion 24 to the thickness 22t of the inorganic material portion 22 is 5% or more and 100% or less. By setting the ratio of the thickness 24t of the organic material portion 24 to the thickness 22t of the inorganic material portion 22 within this range, the vehicle glass 1 according to the 14th aspect can sufficiently transmit far-infrared rays while ensuring impact resistance and penetration strength in the organic material portion 24.

[0114] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 15th aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the 1st to 14th aspects, wherein the thickness 22t of the inorganic material portion 22 is 0.1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and the thickness 24t of the organic material portion 24 is 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less. By setting the thickness 22t of the inorganic material portion 22 of the vehicle glass 1 according to the 15th aspect to this range, it is possible to sufficiently transmit far-infrared rays while ensuring strength and durability. Furthermore, by setting the thickness 24t of the organic material portion 24 to this range, it is possible to improve impact resistance and penetration strength while transmitting far-infrared rays.

[0115] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 16th aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the 1st to 15th aspects, wherein the ratio of the Young's modulus of the organic material portion 24 to the Young's modulus of the inorganic material portion 22 is 0.001% or more and 50% or less. By setting the ratio of the Young's modulus of the organic material portion 24 to the inorganic material portion 22 within this range, the vehicle glass 1 according to the 16th aspect can ensure strength and durability and improve impact resistance and penetration strength.

[0116] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 17th aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the 1st to 16th aspects, wherein the Young's modulus of the inorganic material portion 22 is 1 GPa or more and 1000 GPa or less, and the Young's modulus of the organic material portion 24 is 1 MPa or more and 5000 MPa or less. The vehicle glass 1 according to the 17th aspect can ensure strength and durability by setting the Young's modulus of the inorganic material portion 22 within such a range. Furthermore, by setting the Young's modulus of the organic material portion 24 within such a range, impact resistance and penetration strength can be improved.

[0117] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 18th aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the 1st to 17th aspects, wherein the ratio of the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the organic material portion 24 to the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the inorganic material portion 22 is 10% or more and 90% or less. By setting the ratio of the average transmittance of the organic material portion 24 to the inorganic material portion 22 within this range, the vehicle glass 1 according to the 18th aspect can sufficiently transmit far-infrared rays as a whole, enabling the far-infrared camera CA1 to capture thermal images appropriately.

[0118] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 19th aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the 1st to 18th aspects, wherein the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the inorganic material portion 22 is 25% or more and 100% or less, and the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the organic material portion 24 is 15% or more and 100% or less. By setting the average transmittance of the inorganic material portion 22 and the organic material portion 24 in the vehicle glass 1 according to the 19th aspect to these ranges, the entire transmitting member 20 can sufficiently transmit far-infrared rays, and a thermal image can be appropriately captured by the far-infrared camera CA1.

[0119] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 20th aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the 1st to 19th aspects, wherein the organic material portion 24 is made of a polyolefin resin. By using this material for the organic material portion 24 of the vehicle glass 1 according to the 20th aspect, it is possible to transmit far-infrared rays while improving impact resistance and penetration strength.

[0120] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 21st aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the 1st to 20th aspects, wherein the inorganic material portion 22 includes a substrate composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, ZnS, and chalcogenide glass. By using this material for the inorganic material portion 22 of the vehicle glass 1 according to the 21st aspect, it becomes possible to appropriately capture thermal images with a far-infrared camera CA1.

[0121] The vehicle glass 1 according to the 22nd aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to any of the 1st to 21st aspects, wherein the outer surface (Z1 direction side) (surface 12A) of the transparent member 20 is provided with 3 to 12 layers of anti-reflective coating, and the outermost layer of the anti-reflective coating is made of ZrO ｘ It is a film. The vehicle glass 1 according to the 22nd embodiment is equipped with such an anti-reflective film on the transparent member 20, which enables the far-infrared camera CA1 to capture thermal images appropriately.

[0122] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments are not limited to those described herein. Furthermore, the aforementioned components include those that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art, those that are substantially the same, and those that fall within the so-called equivalent range. Moreover, the aforementioned components can be combined as appropriate. Furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, or modifications of the components can be made without departing from the spirit of the embodiments described above.

[0123] 1 Vehicle glass 10 Glass component 19 Opening 20 Transparent component 22 Inorganic material part 24 Organic material part 30 Frame component 40, 42 Opaque component 50, 52 Adhesive 60 Bracket 70 Heating element 100 Camera unit A1 Light-transmitting area A2 Light-blocking area B Far-infrared transmitting area C Visible light transmitting area CA1 Far-infrared camera CA2 Visible light camera U Far-infrared transmitting unit V Vehicle

Claims

1. A glass member for vehicles comprising: a glass member having an opening formed that penetrates from the surface on a first direction side to the surface on a second direction side opposite to the first direction side; and a transparent member disposed within the opening that transmits far-infrared rays, wherein the transparent member is made up of an inorganic material portion made of an inorganic material and an organic material portion made of an organic material, laminated together.

2. The vehicle glass according to claim 1, wherein the layer of the inorganic material portion and the organic material portion that is closest to the first direction is the inorganic material portion.

3. The vehicle glass according to claim 1, wherein the transparent member is laminated in three or more layers, with the inorganic material portion and the organic material portion arranged alternately.

4. The vehicle glass according to claim 1, wherein the organic material portion has an extended portion that extends from the outer periphery toward the side on which the inorganic material portion is laminated, and the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion is joined to the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion.

5. The vehicle glass according to claim 4, wherein the extended portion has an engaging recess into which an engaging projection formed on the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion fits.

6. The vehicle glass according to claim 4, wherein the extended portion has an engaging projection that fits into an engaging recess formed on the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion.

7. The vehicle glass according to claim 4, wherein overlapping irregularities are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion and the outer circumferential surface of the inorganic material portion.

8. The vehicle glass according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic material portion has an extended portion that extends from the outer periphery toward the side on which the organic material portion is laminated, and the inner circumferential surface of the extended portion is joined to the outer circumferential surface of the organic material portion.

9. The vehicle glass according to claim 1, further comprising a frame member that holds the outer periphery of the transparent member and is attached to the opening, wherein the outer periphery surface of the inorganic material portion protrudes outward from the outer periphery surface of the organic material portion, and the inorganic material portion is bonded to the frame member at the outer periphery portion that protrudes outward from the outer periphery surface of the organic material portion.

10. The vehicle glass according to claim 1, further comprising: an opaque member made of an organic material that does not transmit far-infrared rays; and a frame member that holds the outer periphery of the inorganic material part and is attached to the opening, wherein the opaque member is integrally molded with the organic material part so as to surround the peripheral edge of the organic material part and is bonded to the frame member.

11. The vehicle glass according to claim 1, further comprising: an opaque member made of an organic material that does not transmit far-infrared rays; and a frame member that holds the outer periphery of the opaque member and is attached to the opening, wherein the opaque member is integrally molded with the organic material portion so as to surround the periphery of the inorganic material portion and the organic material portion, and is bonded to the frame member.

12. The vehicle glass according to claim 1, further comprising an opaque member made of an organic material that does not transmit far-infrared rays, wherein the opaque member comprises a wall portion disposed between the organic material portion and the opening and joined so as to surround the peripheral edge of the organic material portion, and a flange portion formed on the second direction side with respect to the wall portion and adhering to the second direction surface of the glass member.

13. The vehicle glass according to claim 1, further comprising a heating element attached to the transparent member for heating the transparent member.

14. The ratio of the thickness of the organic material portion to the thickness of the inorganic material portion is 5% or more and 100% or less, as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The vehicle glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the thickness of the inorganic material portion is 0.1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and the thickness of the organic material portion is 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.

16. The vehicle glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the ratio of the Young's modulus of the organic material portion to the Young's modulus of the inorganic material portion is 0.001% or more and 50% or less.

17. The vehicle glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the Young's modulus of the inorganic material portion is 1 GPa or more and 1000 GPa or less, and the Young's modulus of the organic material portion is 1 MPa or more and 5000 MPa or less.

18. The ratio of the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the organic material portion to the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the inorganic material portion is 10% or more and 90% or less, the vehicle glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

19. The vehicle glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the inorganic material portion is 25% or more and 100% or less, and the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm in the organic material portion is 15% or more and 100% or less.

20. The vehicle glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the organic material portion is made of a polyolefin resin.

21. The vehicle glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the inorganic material portion includes a substrate composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, ZnS, and chalcogenide glass.

22. The transmissive member further comprises 3 to 12 layers of anti-reflective coating on the outer surface of the vehicle, wherein the layer of the anti-reflective coating closest to the first direction is ZrO ｘ A vehicle glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, which is a film.

Images