Fast secondary cell activation under network power saving
By leveraging co-located reference cell information, UEs can quickly synchronize and measure secondary cells in NES networks, addressing prolonged activation delays and improving network efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-09
AI Technical Summary
In network energy saving (NES) networks, the activation delay for secondary cells is prolonged due to the absence of always-on synchronization signal blocks (SSBs), preventing UEs from performing radio resource management measurements and sending valid channel state information reports, especially for unknown secondary cells.
UEs utilize timing and frequency information from a co-located reference cell to estimate and synchronize with a target secondary cell, reducing the need for multiple instances of on-demand SSBs and accelerating the activation process.
This approach significantly reduces the activation delay for secondary cells by enabling fast synchronization and measurement, even in networks without always-on SSBs, thereby enhancing network efficiency and reducing power consumption.
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Figure CN2024123252_09042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
FAST SECONDARY CELL ACTIVATION UNDER NETWORK POWER SAVINGTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to wireless communication, and in particular, to fast secondary cell activation under network power saving.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communication networks provide integrated communication platforms and telecommunication services to wireless user devices. Example telecommunication services include telephony, data (e.g., voice, audio, and / or video data) , messaging, and / or other services. The wireless communication networks have wireless access nodes that exchange wireless signals with the wireless user devices using one or more wireless network protocols, such as protocols described in various telecommunication standards promulgated by the ETSI Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . The wireless communication networks facilitate mobile broadband service using technologies such as orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) , multiple input multiple output (MIMO) , advanced channel coding, massive MIMO, beamforming, and / or other features.SUMMARY
[0003] In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure systems and processes described herein are configured for operations including receiving a transmission indicating an on-demand synchronization signal block (OD-SSB) of a reference cell in a network energy saving (NES) network; determining that a first carrier of the reference cell is co-located with a second carrier of a target cell that is being activated; receiving the OD-SSB from the reference cell; based on one or more signal metrics from the OD-SSB from the reference cell, estimating a signal metric for the target cell; and based on the estimating, preparing for transmission a valid channel state information (CSI) report for the target cell within a threshold activation time.
[0004] In some implementations, the threshold activation time comprises a time to an end of a first complete OD-SSB burst for activation of the target cell after a slot n+ (THARQ+3ms) / NRslotlength, where THARQ includes a time for a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) and NRslot_length includes a slot length and a time delay to a next OD-SSB occasion based on an OD-SSB periodicity.
[0005] In some implementations, the determining that the first carrier of the reference cell is co-located with the second carrier of the target cell comprises determining that a first round trip delay (RTD) between the first carrier and the second carrier is within a cyclic prefix (CP) corresponding to a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the target cell.
[0006] In some implementations, the determining that the first carrier of the reference cell is co-located with the second carrier of the target cell comprises determining that an energy per resource element (EPRE) difference between the reference cell and the target cell is less than a threshold value. In some implementations, the threshold value is 12 dB. In some implementations, the EPRE difference comprises a power difference between an OD-SSB on the target cell and an SSB symbol on the reference cell after a compensation for an automatic gain control (AGC) .
[0007] In some implementations, determining that a first carrier is co-located with a second carrier is responsive to receiving a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) indicating a cell index of the reference cell.
[0008] In some implementations, the OD-SSB indicates a timing metric value, a frequency metric, or both a timing and a frequency metric value.
[0009] In some implementations, the transmission indicating the OD-SSB reference cell is based on a user equipment capability report indicating that a UE supports fast activation of an unknown target cell. In some implementations, the user equipment capability report indicates that the fast activation of the unknown target cell is supported on a per-UE basis for any serving cell. In some implementations, the user equipment capability report indicates that the fast activation of the unknown target cell is supported on a per-frequency range (FR) basis.
[0010] In some implementations, the target cell includes a secondary cell (SCell) . In some implementations, the reference cell includes a primacy cell (PCell) or a PSCell.
[0011] In some implementations, the first carrier and the second carrier includes a same frequency range (FR) comprising FR1 or FR2. In some implementations, the first carrier is within a threshold distance of the second carrier.
[0012] In some implementations, preparing for transmission the valid CSI report for the target cell within the threshold activation time comprises skipping a cell search process for activating the target cell.
[0013] In an aspect, a non-transitory computer storage medium is encoded with instructions that, when executed by one or more computers, cause the one or more computers to perform the operations described herein.
[0014] In an aspect, a system comprises one or more processors and one or more storage devices on which are stored instructions that are operable, when executed by the one or more processors, to cause the one or more processors to perform the operations described herein.
[0015] In an aspect, an apparatus comprises one or more baseband processors configured to perform the operations described herein.
[0016] In an aspect, one or more processors comprise circuitry that executes instructions to cause a user equipment (UE) to perform the operations described herein.
[0017] The details of one or more embodiments of these systems and methods are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of these systems and methods will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.
[0018] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0019] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network.
[0020] FIG. 2 illustrates an example base station collocated with a user equipment (UE) .
[0021] FIG. 3 illustrates examples of timelines for fast SCell activation.
[0022] FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of an example process for fast secondary cell activation under network power saving.
[0023] FIG. 5 illustrates an example UE.
[0024] FIG. 6 illustrates an example access node.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] This disclosure describes systems and methods configured for operations to perform secondary cell fast activation under network power saving. The systems and methods support an on-demand synchronization signal block (OD-SSB) secondary cell (SCell) operation for a user equipment (UE) that is in connected mode configured with carrier aggregation (CA) .
[0026] In a network, a UE can connect to a cell by activating a connection to the cell. Synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) are transmitted periodically from cells to help UEs connect to the network. The UE can use the SSB to perform a cell search in which the UE identifies a suitable cell identifier (e.g., a physical cell ID, or PCI) of a cell for connecting with the network. During the cell search process, the UE can establish timing synchronization, frequency synchronization, etc. with an identified cell. Once the UE synchronizes timing and frequency with a call, the UE can decode the physical broadcast channel demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and subsequently begin communications using the cell.
[0027] The process of performing the cell search can delay the UE from performing communications using the cell. This delay can be called the activation delay. In legacy networks, SSB transmissions by a network entity can be always-on when configured, and the delay can be relatively short. In a network energy saving (NES) network, a secondary cell (SCell) may not transmit an always-on SSB to reduce power consumption. Instead, in response to a request from a UE, for example, the network can transmit an on-demand SSB (OD-SSB) via an SCell. However, delay from an OD-SSB when transmitted by the SCell can result in relatively long activation delays for the UE to perform the cell search.
[0028] In addition, because an OD-SSB is not transmitted by the SCell before SCell activation, the UE has no chance to perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements (or other measurements) on the SCell. The UE cannot send a valid channel state information (CSI) report until one or more OD-SSB instances are received. In this situation, the SCell is considered to be unknown to the UE. For example, the UE does not know the direction of the cell relative to the UE. For unknown SCell activation, the UE performs the cell search and also performs automatic gain control (AGC) , beam training, fine timing and / or frequency (T / F) tracking. A total activation delay for unknown SCell activation is much longer than for known SCell activation.
[0029] The processes described herein enable a UE to perform unknown SCell fast activation (e.g., under NES) as well as known SCell fast activation. In a fast activation, the UE can skip some or all of the activation procedure (e.g., a cell search procedure) , reducing an activation delay for connecting to the network via the SCell. The fast activation of the (unknown) SCell can use timing and frequency information that the UE has already received from another cell (e.g., a reference cell) and / or from another carrier to estimate the timing and frequency for the (unknown) SCell. Because the UE already has some timing and frequency information, the synchronization of the UE to the SCell can be performed using fewer instances of the OB-SSB from the SCell, reducing the activation time. The UE needs fewer instances of the OB-SSB because the UE already has approximate values of the carrier frequency and timing for synchronization.
[0030] In an aspect, the UE can use a first carrier of a reference cell to estimate the timing and frequency information for a second carrier associated with the SCell. The UE can use carriers that are co-located in a carrier aggregation (CA) . CA allows for faster data rates by using multiple carriers simultaneously to increase bandwidth. CA can increase a data rate per user, whereby multiple frequency blocks (e.g., component carriers) are assigned to a same user. A maximum possible data rate per user is increased as more frequency blocks are assigned to the user. The SCell fast activation under network power saving operation can be performed for both intra-band and inter-band CA.
[0031] In some cases, the UE can perform co-located CA operations. Co-located CA operations can be common because carriers can be co-located for a base station (e.g., a next generation node (gNB) or other base station as described herein) . In a co-located situation, if carriers (e.g., of a target cell and another, reference cell) are close to each other in power, frequency, and / or physical proximity (e.g., have a similar receive time delay) , such as for intra-band CA or inter-band CA with a small frequency separation, the UE can obtain at least rough timing and / or frequency and beam information of a target carrier based on the other carrier.
[0032] To be considered co-located, the target cell carrier and reference cell carrier are within a threshold similarity of one another. The precise definition of co-located carriers can depend on the features supported by the network or by the UE, as subsequently described. The carriers are considered co-located when each carrier has a similar physical location (e.g., round trip delay (RTD) , signal. power, signal frequency, or combination thereof, as subsequently described. The definition of co-located carriers can change as UE and network capabilities evolve. The co-located reference carrier represents baseline signal metrics within a threshold similarity to the target carrier sufficient to enable the UE to initiate timing and frequency synchronization with the target carrier.
[0033] The UE can already have some frequency and timing information when the UE receives the first OD-SSB from the SCell being activated. The UE can synchronize with the SCell using fewer instances of the OD-SSB from the SCell, reducing the activation delay time. For the reference carrier, the UE can use either an intra-band CA, in which the frequency ranges of all the carriers are the same or inter-band CA, in which the frequency ranges of the carriers are different.
[0034] While the SCell activation is previously described, the UE can use the OD-SSB transmission from an SCell for other functions, and the time and / or frequency synchronization from the co-located carrier can facilitate these functions. For example, the UE can use the co-located carrier for further time and / or frequency synchronization, for L1 and / or L3 measurements, and so forth.
[0035] The UE can perform fast activation for carriers in either or both of frequency range 1 (FR1) and frequency range 2 (FR2) in a non-shared spectrum. In some implementations, the fast activation is performed even when there is an always-on SSB transmitted on the cell. For example, if the fast activation is performed when there is an always-on SSB periodically transmitted on the cell, and the fast activation is based on both the periodic always-on SSB and the OD-SSB. In an example, the activation configuration is based on the periodicity and duration of the periodic always-on SSB.
[0036] FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless network 100. The wireless network 100 includes a UE 102 and a base station 104 connected via one or more channels 106A, 106B across an air interface 108. The UE 102 and base station 104 communicate using a system that supports controls for managing the access of the UE 102 to a network via the base station 104.
[0037] In some implementations, the wireless network 100 is a Standalone (SA) network, e.g., that incorporates Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) . In some other implementations, the wireless network 100 is a Non-Standalone (NSA) network that incorporates Long Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G NR. In these implementations, the wireless network 100 may be a E-UTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) -NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) network, or an NR-EUTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC) network. Furthermore, wireless networks implementing one or more other types of communication standards are possible, including future 3GPP systems (e.g., Sixth Generation (6G) ) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 technology, or the like. While aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 5G NR, aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other systems, such as systems subsequent to 5G (e.g., 6G) .
[0038] In the wireless network 100, the UE 102 and any other UE in the system may be, for example, any of a laptop computer, smartphone, tablet computer, machine-type device (such as smart meters or specialized devices for healthcare) , intelligent transportation system, or any other wireless device. In network 100, the base station 104 provides the UE 102 network connectivity to a broader network (not shown) . This UE 102 connectivity is provided via the air interface 108 in a base station service area provided by the base station 104. In some implementations, such a broader network may be a wide area network operated by a cellular network provider or may be the Internet. Each base station service area associated with the base station 104 is supported by one or more antennas integrated with the base station 104. The service areas can be divided into a number of sectors associated with one or more particular antennas. Such sectors may be physically associated with one or more fixed antennas or may be assigned to a physical area with one or more tunable antennas or antenna settings adjustable in a beamforming process used to direct a signal to a particular sector.
[0039] The UE 102 includes control circuitry 110 coupled with transmit circuitry 112 and receive circuitry 114. The transmit circuitry 112 and receive circuitry 114 may each be coupled with one or more antennas. The control circuitry 110 may include application-specific circuitry, baseband circuitry, or any of various combinations thereof. The transmit circuitry 112 and receive circuitry 114 may be adapted to transmit and receive data, respectively, and may include radio frequency (RF) circuitry and / or front-end module (FEM) circuitry.
[0040] In various implementations, aspects of the transmit circuitry 112, receive circuitry 114, and / or control circuitry 110 may be integrated in various ways to implement the operations described herein. The control circuitry 110 may be adapted or configured to perform various operations, such as those described elsewhere in this disclosure related to a UE.
[0041] Additionally, the transmit circuitry 112 may transmit using a plurality of multiplexed uplink physical channels. The plurality of uplink physical channels may be multiplexed, e.g., according to time division multiplexing (TDM) or frequency division multiplexing (FDM) , and in some implementations, along with carrier aggregation. The transmit circuitry 112 may be configured to receive block data from the control circuitry 110 for transmission on the air interface 108.
[0042] Additionally, the receive circuitry 114 may receive a plurality of multiplexed downlink physical channels from the air interface 108 and relay the physical channels to the control circuitry 110. The plurality of downlink physical channels may be multiplexed, e.g., according to TDM or FDM, e.g., along with carrier aggregation. The transmit circuitry 112 and the receive circuitry 114 may transmit and receive, respectively, both control data and content data (e.g., messages, images, video, etc. ) structured within data blocks that are carried by the physical channels.
[0043] FIG. 1 also illustrates the base station 104. In some implementations, the base station 104 may be a 5G radio access network (RAN) , a next generation RAN, a E-UTRAN, a non-terrestrial cell, or a legacy RAN, such as a UTRAN. As used herein, the term “5G RAN” or the like may refer to the base station 104 that operates in an NR wireless network 100, and the term “E-UTRAN” or the like may refer to a base station 104 that operates in an LTE wireless network 100. The UE 102 utilizes connections (or channels) 106A, 106B, each of which includes a physical communications interface or layer.
[0044] The base station 104 circuitry may include control circuitry 116 coupled (directly or indirectly) with transmit circuitry 118 and / or receive circuitry 120. The transmit circuitry 118 and receive circuitry 120 may each be coupled (directly or indirectly) with one or more antennas that may be used to enable communications via the air interface 108. The transmit circuitry 118 and receive circuitry 120 may be adapted to transmit and receive data, respectively, addressed to any UE connected to the base station 104. The receive circuitry 120 may receive a plurality of uplink physical channels from one or more UEs, including the UE 102.
[0045] In FIG. 1, the one or more channels 106A, 106B are illustrated as an air interface to enable communicative coupling, and can be consistent with cellular communications protocols, such as an LTE protocol, Advanced LTE (LTE-A) protocol, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) , NR protocol, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) protocol, and / or any other communications protocol (s) . In some implementations, the UE 102 may directly exchange communication data via a ProSe interface. The ProSe interface may alternatively be referred to as a sidelink (SL) interface and may include one or more logical channels, including but not limited to a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) , a Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel (PSDCH) , and a Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) .
[0046] As previously described, there are two example situations for fast activation for the SCell in an NES network. In a first case, there is no always-on SSB transmitted on the cell. In a second case, an always-on SSB is periodically transmitted on the cell. As previously described, when OD-SSB is not transmitted before SCell activation, the UE has no chance to perform RRM measurements on the SCell, and there is no way to send a valid report, and the SCell is unknown to the UE. In this second case, the UE performs a fast unknown SCell activation under NES. As previously described, the UE can also use the always-on SSB as well and still activate the SCell with a reduced activation delay.
[0047] When there is no always-on SSB, the UE 102 starts the activation from the cell search. This is because, before OD-SSB transmission, the target cell (e.g., the SCell) can be unknown to the UE because there is no signal transmitted from the target cell.
[0048] The target cell can be made known to the UE as follows for fast activation of the SCell. In an example, the target cell (the SCell in FR1) is known to the UE when the target cell satisfies the following conditions in FR1. First, during a measurement period for FR1, the UE has sent a valid measurement report for the target cell. In an example, the measurement period can be a maximum of either five measurement occasions for the target cell (e.g., the SCell) or five discontinuous reception (DRX) occasions for FR1 (e.g., max (5*measCycleSCell, 5*DRX cycles) ) . Second, before a reception of an SCell activation command, the UE sends a valid measurement report for the SCell being activated and the SSB measured remains detectable according to the cell identification conditions for each of inter-frequency measurements and intra-frequency measurements. The conditions also include that the SSB measured during the measurement period remains detectable during the SCell activation delay according to the cell identification conditions satisfy intra-frequency RSRP accuracy requirements for FR1, intra-frequency RSRP accuracy requirements for FR2, SS-RSRQ accuracy requirements for FR1 and FR2, SS-SINR accuracy requirements for FR1 and FR2, and / or SSB_RP and SSB requirements. Otherwise, the SCell in FR1 is unknown to the UE.
[0049] In an aspect, for the first SCell activation in FR2 bands, the SCell is known to the UE if the following conditions are satisfied for FR2. In a first condition, the SCell is known to the UE if the UE sends a valid L3 reference signal receive power (L3-RSRP) measurement report with an SSB index during a particular period, defined below. Second, the SCell is known to the UE if the UE receives an SCell activation command after the L3-RSRP reporting and no later than the time when UE receives a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) command for Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) activation. The particular period includes 4 seconds for a UE supporting power class classes 1 and / or 5 and 3 seconds for a UE supporting power classes 2, 3, and / or 4 and before the UE receives a last activation command for a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) TCI, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) TCI (when applicable) , and semi-persistent control state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for channel quality index (CQI) reporting (when applicable) . In a third condition , the SCell is known to the UE when, during the period from L3-RSRP reporting to the valid CQI reporting, the reported SSBs with indexes remain detectable according to the cell identification conditions described previously. The TCI state is selected based on one of the latest reported SSB indexes. Otherwise, the first SCell in the FR2 band is unknown. For each scenario, the SCell is known when activation commands for PDCCH TCI, PDSCH TCI (when applicable) , semi-persistent CSI-RS for CQI reporting (when applicable) , and configuration message for TCI of periodic CSI-RS for CQI reporting (when applicable) are based on the latest valid L1-RSRP reporting.
[0050] FIG. 2 shows an example of a base station 104 and UE 104 for collocated carrier aggregation (CA) . The colocation includes two carriers at frequency 1 (F1) and frequency 2 (F2) within a region 202. This situation occurs when the carriers are close to one another, such as for intra-band CA. For example, a wide spectrum in one band can be split into multiple carriers F1 and F2 and signaling can be done with CA. However, the processes described herein can also be performed for inter-based CA.
[0051] For two carriers F1 and F2, the UE can obtain timing and / or frequency and beam information of a target carrier (e.g., F2) based on the other, baseline carrier (e.g., F1) to perform fast unknown SCell activation under NES. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, F1 and F2 are configured for co-located CA. A primary cell (PCell) is on F1 and SCell is on F2. Here, F1 and F2 are close to each other. The UE 102 can use timing and frequency information for the Primary Cell (PCell) on carrier F1 as a baseline for the target (SCell) on carrier F2, even though the OD-SSB is not activated. The UE can skip the cell search phase and start cell activation.
[0052] In an aspect, the UE may not be able to automatically determine a network deployment configuration. For example, the UE may not be able to determine whether or not the carriers F1 and F2 are co-located. In some implementations, the network can generate network assistance information to indicate to the UE that some other serving cell (e.g., a reference cell) can be selected for its timing, frequency and / or beam information to reuse for a target SCell activation with OD-SSB operation.
[0053] The network can indicate the reference cell using example reference cell signaling shown below:
[0054] Table 1 below shows an example of the frequency information downlink field descriptions for signaling an indication of the reference to the UE. These field descriptions described the signaling example shown above. The above signaling can be sent from the network in a MAC CE.
[0055] Table 1: Frequency Information DL Field
[0056] The reference cell can include an active SCell or an activated PCell or PSCell. If the assistance information field is empty or absent, the UE performs time tracking and AGC adjustment based on the OD-SSB.
[0057] FIG. 3 shows example timing diagrams 300, 310. Timing diagram 300 shows an example of cell activation if a reference cell identifier referenceCellODSSB is not provided to the UE in a MAC CE. Timing diagram 310 shows an example of cell activation and if a reference cell identifier referenceCellODSSB is provided to the UE (e.g., UE 102 of FIGS. 1-2) in a MAC CE.
[0058] In the timing diagram 300, the UE (e.g., UE 102) does not receive a reference cell identifier in the MAC CE. The UE performs the cell search based on the first OD-SSB instance 302a, an ASC based on a second OD-SSB instance 302b, and time and / or frequency tracking based on a third OD-SSB instance 302c. The UE sends a valid CSI report after 3 OD-SSB occasions for activating the target cell.
[0059] In the timing diagram 310, the UE (e.g., UE 102) does receive a reference cell identifier in the MAC CE. The UE performs the ASC based on a first OD-SSB instance 304a and time and / or frequency tracking based on a second OD-SSB instance 304b. The UE sends a valid CSI report after 2 OD-SSB occasions for activating the target cell, prior to the third OD-SSB occasion 304c.
[0060] In some implementations, in either timing diagram 300 or 310, the UE may obtain the AGC or timing tracking information in more than one sample each of the OD-SSB. This depends on the cell condition and whether the signal is in FR1 or FR2. For example, in FR2, the UE may need to perform beam sweeping or beam training to find the target cell because the UE does not have an indication of a direction of the target cell. In that case, the timing difference between timelines 300, 310 for sending the valid CSI report is greater than one OD-SSB occasion and can be multiple OD-SSB occasions. Such a circumstance results in even greater reduction of an activation delay for the fast SCell activation described herein. The UE can start the activation process from the AGC in timeline 310 because the UE has rough timing and / or frequency information.
[0061] A UE capability report (e.g. SCellOD-SSB-reference) can indicate support by the UE (to the network) of fast unknown SCell activation under network power saving. The UE feedback can indicate whether the UE supports fast unknown SCell activation, and the network can determine a precise expected activation delay.
[0062] Table 2: UE Capability Reporting Field for Support of Fast Unknown SCell Activation
[0063] The SCellOD-SSB-reference report can be specified as a per-UE or per-FR capability, shown in column 2 of Table 2. The per-UE or per-FR support can be signaled by the UE in one bit. If the UE indicates a per-UE capability, the report is indicating that the UE supports fast SCell activation for all serving cells. If the UE indicates a per-FR capability, the report is indicating that the UE has different capabilities for different frequency ranges (e.g., FR1 or FR2) . This can include additional frequency ranges that are being introduced, such as FR 2-1, FR 2-2, FR3, and so forth. The UE only indicates that a per-FR range capability is supported to enable this possibility for any frequency range.
[0064] The UE can report, in the SCellOD-SSB-reference capability report, whether the fast activation is mandatory or not. In the example of Table 2, the feature is not mandatory.
[0065] The UE can specify whether there is any differentiation between functionality for frequency division duplex (FDD) or time division duplex (TDD) . Here, there is no specified difference in functionality for the capability report. Similarly, the UE can specify whether there is any differentiation between functionality for FR1, FR2, or other frequency range. The feedback can specify, if the fast activation for the unknown SCell is per-FR, what the difference in functionality is for each frequency range. For example, in a particular FR range, the UE may support additional functionality different from a baseline functionality (or have different features for different baseband designs) . New features can be implemented for particular frequency ranges (e.g., FR3) and specified in the UE feedback, so there is added flexibility for the UE.
[0066] The UE can indicate (or the network can determine) , based on the capability indicated in the feedback, an activation delay. In an example, for a UE supporting SCellOD-SSB-reference, an FR1 SCell with OD-SSB being activated is unknown. There is one co-located active reference serving cell configured via referenceCellODSSB. When the following conditions are fulfilled, the activation delay Tactivation_time (e.g., the SCell activation delay in milliseconds) is calculated as Equation (1) : Tfirst_OD-SSB + TOD-SSB + 5 ms (1)
[0067] where Tfirst_OD-SSB is time to the end of the first complete OD-SSB burst for SCell activation after slot and TOD-SSB is periodicity of the OD-SSB. The THARQ is the time for the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) and NRslot_length is the slot length. After the maximum activation delay the next OD-SSB occasion can be used for the AGC, and when this is received depends on the periodicity of the OD-SSBs.
[0068] The conditions for applying Equation 1 are as follows. First, the round-trip delay (RTD) between the target SCell and the collocated reference serving cell is within cyclic prefix (CP) , where CP corresponds to the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the SCell being activated. Second, an energy per resource element (EPRE) difference between the two cells (reference cell and target SCell) at the UE is smaller than or equal to 12 dB. The EPRE difference is the power difference between the OD-SSB transmission on the SCell being activated and the SSB symbol transmission on the reference serving cell after the compensation for AGC. Equation 1 includes a 5ms factor for processing time including 2 ms processing time for the block and 3 ms processing time for the MAC CE.
[0069] The precise definition of the activation delay can be different depending on the requirements of the network. For example, to define the activation delay, new requirements for the network are known as a prerequisite. The definition of Equation 1 changes as the requirements are updated. In the example of Equation 1, the conditions of the similar power and similar RTD define what is meant by co-location of the carriers for the UE. For example, as long as the EPRE difference is within a threshold, the UE can use a same AGC level of the two cells.
[0070] In some implementations, there can be compensation for the different AGC levels and the bandwidth between the carriers can be different. For example, if the PCell is at 20 megahertz and the SCell is 100 megahertz, the EPRE can be the same, but the total power can be different, and the SCell has 5 times the bandwidth. The requirement that the spacing and power be within particular thresholds ensures that the UE can reliably use the timing and power information from the reference cell to facilitate unknown SCell activation. When these co-location criteria are met, the UE is guaranteed to send a valid CQI by the end of the activation delay because it can reliably skip to tuning and tracking the SCell, as the AGC and timing will be correct.
[0071] In an example, if the previous conditions are not satisfied, the carriers can be considered to be not co-located. If the UE attempts to use the reference cell for unknown SCell fast activation outside the co-location definition, the timing and AGC may be wrong, and the activation may fail. However, the definition of co-located carriers can be updated as the requirements of the network are updated. The criteria previously described may be updated to re-define co-location to enable unknown SCell fast activation in other situations.
[0072] FIG. 4 an example process for fast secondary cell activation under network power saving. For clarity of presentation, the description that follows generally describes process 400 in the context of the other figures in this description. For example, process 400 can be performed by UE 102 of FIG. 1. It will be understood that process 400 can be performed, for example, by any suitable system, environment, software, hardware, or a combination of systems, environments, software, and hardware, as appropriate. In some implementations, various steps of process 400 can be run in parallel, in combination, in loops, or in any order.
[0073] The process 400 includes receiving (402) a transmission indicating an on-demand synchronization signal block (OD-SSB) of a reference cell in a network energy saving (NES) network. The process 400 includes determining (404) that a first carrier of the reference cell is co-located with a second carrier of a target cell that is being activated. The process 400 includes receiving (406) the OD-SSB from the reference cell. The process 400 includes, based on one or more signal metrics from the OD-SSB from the reference cell, estimating (408) a signal metric for the target cell. The process 400 includes, based on the estimating, preparing (410) for transmission a valid channel state information (CSI) report for the target cell within a threshold activation time.
[0074] In some implementations, the threshold activation time comprises a time to an end of a first complete OD-SSB burst for activation of the target cell after a slot where THARQ includes a time for a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) and NRslot_length includes a slot length and a time delay to a next OD-SSB occasion based on an OD-SSB periodicity.
[0075] In some implementations, determining that the first carrier of the reference cell is co-located with the second carrier of the target cell comprises: determining that a first round trip delay (RTD) between the first carrier and the second carrier is within a cyclic prefix (CP) corresponding to a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the target cell.
[0076] In some implementations, determining that the first carrier of the reference cell is co-located with the second carrier of the target cell comprises: determining that an energy per resource element (EPRE) difference between the reference cell and the target cell is less than a threshold value. In some implementations, the threshold value is 12 dB. In some implementations, the EPRE difference comprises a power difference between an OD-SSB on the target cell and an SSB symbol on the reference cell after a compensation for an automatic gain control (AGC) .
[0077] In some implementations, determining that a first carrier is co-located with a second carrier is responsive to receiving a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) indicating a cell index of the reference cell. In some implementations, the OD-SSB indicates a timing metric value, a frequency metric, or both a timing and a frequency metric value.
[0078] In some implementations, the transmission indicating the OD-SSB reference cell is based on a user equipment capability report indicating that a UE supports fast activation of an unknown target cell. In some implementations, the user equipment capability report indicates that the fast activation of the unknown target cell is supported on a per-UE basis for any serving cell. In some implementations, the user equipment capability report indicates that the fast activation of the unknown target cell is supported on a per-frequency range (FR) basis.
[0079] In some implementations, the target cell is a secondary cell (SCell) . In some implementations, the reference cell is a primacy cell (PCell) or a PSCell.
[0080] FIG. 5 illustrates an example UE 500. The UE 500 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with UE 102 of FIG. 1. The UE 500 may be any mobile or non-mobile computing device, such as, for example, a mobile phone, computer, tablet, industrial wireless sensors, video device (for example, cameras, video cameras, etc. ) , wearable devices (for example, a smart watch) , relaxed-IoT devices, etc.
[0081] The UE 500 may include any / all of processor 502, RF interface circuitry 504, memory / storage 506, user interface 508, sensors 510, driver circuitry 512, power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 514, one or more antenna (s) 516, and battery 518. The components of the UE 500 may be implemented as integrated circuits (ICs) , portions thereof, discrete electronic devices, or other modules, logic, hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. The block diagram of FIG. 5 is intended to show a high-level view of some of the components of the UE 500. However, some of the components shown may be omitted, additional components may be present, and a different arrangement of the components shown may occur in other implementations.
[0082] The components of the UE 500 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 520, which may represent any type of interface, input / output, bus (local, system, or expansion) , transmission line, trace, optical connection, etc., that allows various circuit components (on common or different chips or chipsets) to interact with one another.
[0083] The processor 502 may include one or more processors. For example, the processor 502 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 522A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 522B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 522C. The processor 502 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage 506 to cause the UE 500 to perform operations as described herein.
[0084] In some implementations, the baseband processor circuitry 522A may access a communication protocol stack 524 in the memory / storage 506 to communicate over a 3GPP compatible network. In general, the baseband processor circuitry 522A may access the communication protocol stack to perform user plane functions at a physical (PHY) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, and PDU layer; and perform control plane functions at a PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, RRC layer, and a non-access stratum layer. In some implementations, the PHY layer operations may additionally / alternatively be performed by the components of the RF interface circuitry 504. The baseband processor circuitry 522A may generate or process baseband signals or waveforms that carry information in 3GPP-compatible networks. In some implementations, the waveforms for NR may be based cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) “CP-OFDM” in the uplink or downlink, and discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM “DFT-S-OFDM” in the uplink.
[0085] The memory / storage 506 may include one or more non-transitory, computer-readable media that includes instructions (for example, communication protocol stack 524) that may be executed by the processor 502 to cause the UE 500 to perform various operations described herein. The memory / storage 506 include any type of volatile or non-volatile memory that may be distributed throughout the UE 500. In some implementations, some of the memory / storage 506 may be located on the processor 502 itself (for example, L1 and L2 cache) , while other memory / storage 506 is external to the processor 502 but accessible thereto via a memory interface. The memory / storage 506 may include any suitable volatile or non-volatile memory such as, but not limited to, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) , static random access memory (SRAM) , erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) , electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) , Flash memory, solid-state memory, or any other type of memory device technology.
[0086] The RF interface circuitry 504 may include transceiver circuitry and radio frequency front module (RFEM) that allows the UE 500 to communicate with other devices over a radio access network. The RF interface circuitry 504 may include various elements arranged in transmit or receive paths. These elements may include, for example, switches, mixers, amplifiers, filters, synthesizer circuitry, control circuitry, etc.
[0087] In the receive path, the RFEM may receive a radiated signal from an air interface via antenna (s) 516 and proceed to filter and amplify (with a low-noise amplifier) the signal. The signal may be provided to a receiver of the transceiver that downconverts the RF signal into a baseband signal that is provided to the baseband processor.
[0088] In the transmit path, the transmitter of the transceiver up-converts the baseband signal received from the baseband processor and provides the RF signal to the RFEM. The RFEM may amplify the RF signal through a power amplifier prior to the signal being radiated across the air interface via the antenna (s) 516. In various implementations, the RF interface circuitry 504 may be configured to transmit / receive signals in a manner compatible with NR access technologies.
[0089] The antenna (s) 516 may include one or more antenna elements to convert electrical signals into radio waves to travel through the air and to convert received radio waves over the air into electrical signals. In some implementations, the antenna elements may be arranged into one or more antenna panels. The antenna (s) 516 may have antenna panels that are omnidirectional, directional, or a combination thereof, to enable beamforming and multiple input, multiple output communications. The antenna (s) 516 may include any / all of microstrip antennas, printed antennas fabricated on the surface of one or more printed circuit boards, patch antennas, phased array antennas, etc. The antenna (s) 516 may have one or more panels designed for one or more specific frequency bands, such as bands in FR1 or FR2.
[0090] The user interface 508 includes various input / output (I / O) devices designed to enable user interaction with the UE 500. The user interface 508 includes input device circuitry and output device circuitry. Input device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for accepting an input including, inter alia, one or more physical or virtual buttons (for example, a reset button) , a physical keyboard, keypad, mouse, touchpad, touchscreen, microphones, scanner, headset, or the like. The output device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for showing information or otherwise conveying information, such as sensor readings, actuator position (s) , or other like information. Output device circuitry may include any number or combinations of audio or visual display, including, inter alia, one or more simple visual outputs / indicators (for example, binary status indicators such as light emitting diodes “LEDs” and multi-character visual outputs) , or more complex outputs such as display devices or touchscreens (for example, liquid crystal displays “LCDs, ” LED displays, quantum dot displays, projectors, etc. ) , with the output of characters, graphics, multimedia objects, and the like being generated or produced from the operation of the UE 500.
[0091] The sensors 510 may include devices, modules, or subsystems whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment and send the information (sensor data) about the detected events to some other device, module, subsystem, etc. Examples of such sensors include, inter alia, inertia measurement units including accelerometers, gyroscopes, or magnetometers; microelectromechanical systems or nanoelectromechanical systems including 3-axis accelerometers, 3-axis gyroscopes, or magnetometers; level sensors; temperature sensors (for example, thermistors) ; pressure sensors; image capture devices (for example, cameras or lensless apertures) ; light detection and ranging sensors; proximity sensors (for example, infrared radiation detector and the like) ; depth sensors; ambient light sensors; ultrasonic transceivers; microphones or other like audio capture devices; etc.
[0092] The driver circuitry 512 may include software and hardware elements that operate to control particular devices that are embedded in the UE 500, attached to the UE 500, or otherwise communicatively coupled with the UE 500. The driver circuitry 512 may include individual drivers allowing other components to interact with or control various input / output (I / O) devices that may be present within, or connected to, the UE 500. For example, driver circuitry 512 may include a display driver to control and allow access to a display device, a touchscreen driver to control and allow access to a touchscreen interface, sensor drivers to obtain sensor readings of sensors 510 and control and allow access to sensors 510, drivers to obtain actuator positions of electro-mechanic components or control and allow access to the electro-mechanic components, a camera driver to control and allow access to an embedded image capture device, audio drivers to control and allow access to one or more audio devices.
[0093] The PMIC 514 may manage power provided to various components of the UE 500. In particular, with respect to the processor 502, the PMIC 514 may control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-to-DC conversion.
[0094] In some implementations, the PMIC 514 may control, or otherwise be part of, various power saving mechanisms of the UE 500. A battery 518 may power the UE 500, although in some examples the UE 500 may be mounted deployed in a fixed location and may have a power supply coupled to an electrical grid. The battery 518 may be a lithium ion battery, a metal-air battery, such as a zinc-air battery, an aluminum-air battery, a lithium-air battery, and the like. In some implementations, such as in vehicle-based applications, the battery 518 may be a typical lead-acid automotive battery.
[0095] FIG. 6 illustrates an example access node 600 (e.g., a base station or gNB) , according to some implementations. The access node 600 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with base station 104. The access node 600 may include one or more of processor 602, RF interface circuitry 604, core network (CN) interface circuitry 606, memory / storage circuitry 608, and one or more antenna (s) 610. The processor 602 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage circuitry 608 to cause the access node 600 to perform operations as described herein.
[0096] The components of the access node 600 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 612. The processor 602, RF interface circuitry 604, memory / storage circuitry 608 (including communication protocol stack 614) , antenna (s) 610, and interconnects 612 may be similar to like-named elements shown and described with respect to FIG. 5. For example, the processor 602 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 616A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 616B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 616C.
[0097] The CN interface circuitry 606 may provide connectivity to a core network, for example, a 5th Generation Core network (5GC) using a 5GC-compatible network interface protocol such as carrier Ethernet protocols, or some other suitable protocol. Network connectivity may be provided to / from the access node 600 via a fiber optic or wireless backhaul. The CN interface circuitry 606 may include one or more dedicated processors or FPGAs to communicate using one or more of the aforementioned protocols. In some implementations, the CN interface circuitry 606 may include multiple controllers to provide connectivity to other networks using the same or different protocols.
[0098] As used herein, the terms “access node, ” “access point, ” or the like may describe equipment that provides the radio baseband functions for data and / or voice connectivity between a network and one or more users. These access nodes can be referred to as BS, gNBs, RAN nodes, eNBs, NodeBs, RSUs, TRxPs or TRPs, and so forth, and can include ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) or satellite stations providing coverage within a geographic area (e.g., a cell) . As used herein, the term “NG RAN node” or the like may refer to an access node 600 that operates in an NR or 5G system (for example, a gNB) , and the term “E-UTRAN node” or the like may refer to an access node 600 that operates in an LTE or 4G system (e.g., an eNB) . According to various implementations, the access node 600 may be implemented as one or more of a dedicated physical device such as a macrocell base station, and / or a low power (LP) base station for providing femtocells, picocells or other like cells having smaller coverage areas, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth compared to macrocells.
[0099] In some implementations, all or parts of the access node 600 may be implemented as one or more software entities running on server computers as part of a virtual network, which may be referred to as a CRAN and / or a virtual baseband unit pool (vBBUP) . In V2X scenarios, the access node 600 may be or act as a “Roadside Unit. ” The term “Roadside Unit” or “RSU” may refer to any transportation infrastructure entity used for V2X communications. An RSU may be implemented in or by a suitable RAN node or a stationary (or relatively stationary) UE, where an RSU implemented in or by a UE may be referred to as a “UE-type RSU, ” an RSU implemented in or by an eNB may be referred to as an “eNB-type RSU, ” an RSU implemented in or by a gNB may be referred to as a “gNB-type RSU, ” and the like.
[0100] Various components may be described as performing a task or tasks, for convenience in the description. Such descriptions should be interpreted as including the phrase “configured to. ” Reciting a component that is configured to perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112 (f) interpretation for that component.
[0101] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components set forth in one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes, or methods as set forth in the claims below. For example, the baseband circuitry as described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the claims set forth below. For another example, circuitry associated with a UE, base station, network element, etc., as described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the examples set forth below in the claims.
[0102] Although the embodiments above have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.
[0103] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
Claims
1.A method for wireless communication, the method comprising:receiving a transmission indicating an on-demand synchronization signal block (OD-SSB) of a reference cell in a network energy saving (NES) network;determining that a first carrier of the reference cell is co-located with a second carrier of a target cell that is being activated;receiving the OD-SSB from the reference cell;based on one or more signal metrics from the OD-SSB, estimating a signal metric for the target cell; andbased on the estimated signal metric, generating a channel state information (CSI) report describing a channel quality of the target cell.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the CSI report is generated within a threshold activation time that comprises a time to an end of a first complete OD-SSB burst for activation of the target cell after a slot where THARQ includes a time for a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) and NRslot_length includes a slot length and a time delay to a next OD-SSB occasion based on an OD-SSB periodicity.3.The method of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the determining that the first carrier of the reference cell is co-located with the second carrier of the target cell comprises:determining that a first round trip delay (RTD) between the first carrier and the second carrier is within a cyclic prefix (CP) corresponding to a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the target cell.4.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 3, wherein the determining that the first carrier of the reference cell is co-located with the second carrier of the target cell comprises:determining that an energy per resource element (EPRE) difference between the reference cell and the target cell is less than a threshold value.5.The method of claim 4, wherein the threshold value is 12 dB.6.The method of claim 4, wherein the EPRE difference comprises a power difference between an OD-SSB on the target cell and an SSB symbol on the reference cell after a compensation for an automatic gain control (AGC) .7.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 6, wherein determining that a first carrier is co-located with a second carrier is responsive to receiving a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) indicating a cell index of the reference cell.8.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 7, wherein the OD-SSB indicates a timing metric value, a frequency metric, or both a timing and a frequency metric value.9.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 8, wherein the transmission indicating the OD-SSB reference cell is based on a user equipment capability report indicating that a UE supports fast activation of an unknown target cell.10.The method of claim 9, wherein the user equipment capability report indicates that the fast activation of the unknown target cell is supported on a per-UE basis for any serving cell.11.The method of claim 9, wherein the user equipment capability report indicates that the fast activation of the unknown target cell is supported on a per-frequency range (FR) basis.12.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 11, wherein the target cell includes a secondary cell (SCell) .13.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 12, wherein the reference cell includes a primacy cell (PCell) or a PSCell.14.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 13, wherein the first carrier and the second carrier includes a same frequency range (FR) comprising FR1 or FR2.15.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 13, wherein the first carrier is within a threshold distance of the second carrier.16.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 15, wherein generating the CSI report for the target cell comprises skipping a cell search process for activating the target cell.17.A non-transitory computer storage medium encoded with instructions that, when executed by one or more computers, cause the one or more computers to perform the method of any preceding claim.18.A system comprising one or more processors and one or more storage devices on which are stored instructions that are operable, when executed by the one or more processors, to cause the one or more processors to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 16.19.An apparatus comprising one or more baseband processors configured to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 16.20.One or more processors comprising circuitry that executes instructions to cause a user equipment (UE) to perform the method of any of claims 1-16.
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