Use of signaling radio bearers for logged CSI reports

Abstract

A device may be configured to receive, from a network node, a configuration for channel status information, CSI, measurements logging, wherein the configuration indicates at least one logging event condition for CSI measurements and at least one reporting condition for a logged CSI report; perform data collection of CSI measurements to be included in the logged CSI report based on the at least one logging event condition; detect that the at least one reporting condition is met; determine, based on the at least one reporting condition being met, an availability of a signaling radio bearer, SRB, for reporting the logged CSI report, wherein the SRB has a lower priority than SRB1; and based on determining that the SRB for reporting the logged CSI report is configured, send the logged CSI report over the configured SRB.

Description

USE OF SIGNALING RADIO BEARERS FOR LOGGED CSI REPORTSTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Various example embodiments generally relate to the field of wireless communication. Some example embodiments relate to use of signaling radio bearers, SRBs, for logged channel status information, CSI, reports.BACKGROUND

[0002] In 5G network, an SRB is a channel used to carry control plane signaling messages between user equipment, UE, and a base station, such as gNB. SRBs enable the exchange of messages that control and manage the overall operation of the UE and network. SRBs are used to carry radio resource control, RRC, messages, that convey different types of content, and are distinct from data radio bearers, DRBs, which carry user plane data. The RRC messages’ association to different SRBs enables different prioritization of the signaling messages, ensuring managing varying significance and importance among RRC messages.SUMMARY

[0003] This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0004] Example embodiments of the present disclosure enable to select an SRB for reporting logged physical layer measurements, such as logged CSI measurements. This and other benefits may be achieved by the features of the independent claims. Further example embodiments are provided in the dependent claims, the description, and the drawings.

[0005] According to a first aspect, a method is disclosed. The method may comprise receiving, by a user equipment from a network node, a configuration for channel status information, CSI measurements logging, wherein the configuration indicates at least one logging event condition for CSI measurements and at least one reporting condition for a logged CSI report; performing, by the user equipment, data collection of CSI measurements to be included in the logged CSI report based on the at least one logging event condition; detecting that the at least one reporting condition is met; determining, by the user equipment, based on the at least one reporting condition being met, an availability of a signaling radio bearer, SRB, for reporting the logged CSI report, wherein the SRB has a lower priority than SRB1; and based on determining that theSRB for reporting the logged CSI report is configured, sending, by the user equipment, the logged CSI report over the configured SRB.

[0006] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the configured SRB is an SRB dedicated for reporting logged CSI reports.

[0007] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the configured SRB is SRB6.

[0008] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the configured SRB is an SRB shared for carrying multiple types of data including the logged CSI measurements.

[0009] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the multiple types of data include logged measurement information or a protocol layer measurement report information.

[0010] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the configured SRB is SRB2 or SRB4.

[0011] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the method may further comprise determining, by the user equipment based on the reporting condition, a reporting procedure to be applied for reporting the logged CSI measurements; and performing reporting of the logged CSI measurements based on the determined reporting procedure.

[0012] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the method may comprise detecting, by the user equipment, that the reporting condition is associated with a time intervalbased reporting condition or a maximum size of the report; and sending the logged report over the configured SRB based on the reporting condition being met.

[0013] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the method may comprise detecting, by the user equipment, that the reporting condition is associated with event-based or memory-based condition for reporting of the logged CSI measurements; transmitting, by the user equipment to the network node, an indication of available logged CSI report over a higher priority SRB than the SRB for reporting the logged CSI report when the configured reporting condition is met; receiving, by the user equipment from the network node based on the transmitted indication, a request for the logged CSI report; and sending the logged CSI report over the configured SRB based on the received request.

[0014] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, a configuration of the SRB for reporting the logged CSI report is received from the network node responsive to the transmitted indication of the available logged CSI report.

[0015] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the logging event condition is based on at least one of the following:- layer 1 received signal reference power, Ll-RSRP;- layer 1 synchronization signal reference signal received power, LI SS-RSPS;- beam indices;- beam predictions;- top-K best performance beams;- a time interval for logging the CSI measurements; or- an event trigger for logging the CSI measurements.

[0016] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the event trigger is based on at least one of the following:- an aperiodical event;- a semipersi stent event;- a threshold for Ll-RSRP;- a beam set; or- a beam prediction accuracy.

[0017] According to an example embodiment of the first aspect, the reporting condition is based on one of the following:- a memory threshold;- a time threshold; or- a time interval.

[0018] According to a second aspect, an apparatus for a user equipment is disclosed. The apparatus may comprise: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform the method of the first aspect.

[0019] According to a third aspect, a method is disclosed. The method may comprise sending, by a network node to a user equipment, a configuration for channel status information, CSI, logging, wherein the configuration indicates at least one logging event condition for CSI measurements and at least one reporting condition for a logged CSI report; sending, to the user equipment, a configuration of a signaling radio bearer, SRB, for reporting logged CSI reports, wherein the SRB has a lower priority than SBR1 ; and receiving, from the user equipment, the logged CSI report comprising CSI measurements performed by the user equipment based on the at least one logging event condition, and wherein the logged CSI report is received over the configured SRB based on the at least one reporting condition being met.

[0020] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the method may further comprise determining, by the network node based on at least one of the configuration for CSImeasurement logging or internal capabilities of the network node, to establish the SRB to be used by the user equipment for the reporting based on the configuration for CSI measurements logging being sent or based on the configured reporting condition being met; and sending, based on the determination, the configuration of the SRB when the SRB is established

[0021] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the configured SRB is an SRB dedicated for reporting logged CSI measurement reports.

[0022] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the configured SRB is SRB6.

[0023] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the configured SRB is an SRB shared for carrying multiple types of measurement data including the logged CSI measurements.

[0024] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the multiple types of data include logged measurement information or a protocol layer measurement report information.

[0025] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the configured SRB is SRB2 or SRB4.

[0026] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the method may further comprise receiving, by the network node from the user equipment based on the reporting condition being met, an indication of available logged CSI report over an SRB having a higher priority than the SRB to be used for the reporting; sending, by the network node to the user equipment, a request for the logged CSI report based on the received indication; and receiving, by the network node from the user equipment, the logged CSI report over the configured SRB based on the sent request.

[0027] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the configuration of the SRB is sent to the user equipment based on reception of the indication of the available logged CSI report.

[0028] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the logging event condition comprises at least one of the following measurement quantities:- layer 1 received signal reference power, Ll-RSRP;- layer 1 synchronization signal reference signal received power, LI SS-RSPS;- beam indices;- top-K best performance beams; or- beam predictions.

[0029] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the logging event condition comprises at least one of the following:- a time interval for logging the CSI measurements; or- an event trigger for logging the CSI measurements.

[0030] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the event trigger is based on at least one of the following:- an aperiodical event;- a semipersi stent event;- a threshold for Ll-RSRP;- a beam set; or- a beam prediction accuracy.

[0031] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the reporting condition is based on one of the following:- a memory threshold;- a time threshold; or- a time interval.

[0032] According to an example embodiment of the third aspect, the method may comprise applying, by the network node, the received CSI measurements for offline training of an AI / ML model.

[0033] According to a fourth aspect, an apparatus for a network node is disclosed. The apparatus may comprise: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform the method according to the third aspect.

[0034] According to a fifth aspect, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus may comprise means for performing the method according to the first aspect or the third aspect, or any example embodiment s) thereof, as provided in the description and / or the claims.

[0035] According to a sixth aspect, a computer program, a computer program product, or a (non-transitory) computer-readable medium is disclosed. The computer program, computer program product, or (non-transitory) computer-readable medium may comprise instructions, which when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to perform the method according to the first aspect or the third aspect, or any example embodiment(s) thereof, as provided in the description and / or the claims.

[0036] Example embodiments of the present disclosure can thus provide apparatuses, methods, computer programs, computer program products, or computer readable media for improving various aspects of usage of SRB(s) for logged physical layer data reporting. Any example embodiment may be combined with one or more other example embodiments. Theseand other aspects of the present disclosure will be apparent from the example embodiment s) described below. According to some aspects, there is provided the subject matter of the independent claims. Some further aspects are defined in the dependent claims.DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the example embodiments and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate example embodiments and, together with the description, help to explain the example embodiments. In the drawings:

[0038] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a communication network;

[0039] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of an apparatus configured to practice one or more example embodiments;

[0040] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of signalling and operations for using lower priority SRBs for reporting logged physical layer measurements;

[0041] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of signalling and operations for using SRB2 for reporting logged physical layer measurements;

[0042] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of signalling and operations for using lower priority SRBs for reporting logged physical layer measurements when triggered based on a maximum buffer size;

[0043] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a method for reporting logged physical layer measurements using a lower priority SRB; and

[0044] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a method for configuring reporting of logged physical layer measurements using a lower priority SRB.

[0045] Like references are used to designate like parts in the accompanying drawings.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Reference will now be made in detail to example embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The detailed description provided below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of the present examples and is not intended to represent the only forms in which the present example may be constructed or utilized. The description sets forth the functions of the example and the sequence of steps for constructing and operating the example. However, the same or equivalent functions and sequences may be accomplished by different examples.

[0047] Artificial intelligence and machine learning, AI / ML, based solutions can be used to support beam management between UE and radio access network (RAN). In one example, the AI / ML-based solutions may utilize CSI reports related to beam management channel status information for beam management optimization use cases. The CSI reports can be reported either in real-time, e.g. for inference purposes, or in non-real time e.g. for training purposes. A data collection process for the CSI reports can be performed by the UE. For example, for ML training purpose the UE may perform collection of data that is not immediately expected by the network and can be transmitted according to network configuration.

[0048] In an AI / ML framework with support for logging of CSI reports, physical layer (LI) data may be carried over the air interface in multiple possible ways. For example, for the purpose of ML inference operation, the data may be carried over a lower layer, and for offline training, the data may be carried over an RRC layer (Layer 3, L3) uplink downlink control channel in an RRC message.

[0049] In general, RRC data may be configured to be delivered via one or more SRBs. SRB(s) may be specific type of a radio bearer(s) configured to carry signaling messages, e.g., RRC and / or non-access stratum (NAS) messages. A communication network may be for example configured with the following SRBs:- SRB0, which may be configured to carry RRC messages, for example using the common control channel (CCCH) logical channel.- SRB1, which may be configured to carry RRC messages (e.g. including a piggybacked NAS message) and NAS messages prior to establishment of SRB2, for example using a downlink control channel (DCCH) logical channel.- SRB2, which may be configured to carry NAS messages and RRC messages which include logged measurement information, for example using the DCCH logical channel. SRB2 may be associated with a lower priority than SRB1 and it may be configured by the network after security activation.- SRB3, which may be configured to carry specific RRC messages when UE 102 is in NR-DC or EN-DC, referring to dual -connectivity between 5G NR access nodes or 5GNR and E-UTRA (evolved universal terrestrial radio access) access nodes, respectively, for example using the DCCH logical channel.- SRB4, which may be configured to carry RRC messages including application layer measurement report information, for example using the DCCH logical channel. SRB4 may be associated with a lower priority than SRB1 and may be configured by the network after AS security activation.- SRB5, which may be configured for RRC messages which include application layer measurement report information, for example using the DCCH logical channel. SRB5 may be associated with a lower priority than SRB 1 and SRB3 and may be configured by a secondary network node serving secondary cell group when the UE 102 is in NR-DC, after AS security activation.

[0050] SRBO and SRB1 can be referred to as higher priority SRBs. SRBs having an index higher than 1, e.g. SRB2, SRB3, SRB4, SRB5, etc., can be referred to as lower priority SRBs.

[0051] Some RRC messages can be associated with different SRBs. For example, a message comprising UE information response (e.g., UEInformationResponse) can be carried over SRB1 and SRB2, depending on the content of the message. For example, if the message includes logged measurement information (e.g., minimization of drive test, MDT, results), SRB2 may be used. For other content, such as UE assistance information, SRB1 may be used. The lower priority SRB, SRB2, may be used for the logged measurements because criticality of the logged measurements is lower compared to ongoing regular operations associated with the UE assistance information. For instance, the network can react in real time to regular measurements to make decisions about handover, whereas logged measurements may not require immediate reaction from the network. Yet, a lower priority SRB, SRB3, may be used for the UE assistance information, if the message is transferred in dual connectivity, because criticality of the UE assistance information for a secondary node (SN) is lower compared to assistance information intended for a master node (MN).

[0052] Existing SRB types may be re-used to carry the logged CSI reports. The existing SRBs are not originally designed to transfer logged LI data. The re-use of an existing SRB, other than the higher priority SRBO or SRB 1 which are critical for basic network operations, may therefore create dependency on the other features. For example, re-use of SRB2, which carries the logged measurement reports for MDT (L3 data) may create an ambiguity as there is no triggering condition defined on SRB2 setup to ensure the channel availability. Furthermore, it reduces available space in a single RRC message to carry different contents for different purposes. Additionally, logging of CSI reports for far-reaching and long-lasting offline training procedures may be expected to generate a large amount of data, exceeding a single RRC message size. This poses a risk to data delivery through data loss. Therefore, in order to enable the re-use of existing lower priority SRBs for carrying a new data type, distinctive procedural steps may be needed to differentiate the use for logged CSI reports.

[0053] The remaining SRBs are specific to legacy data content and / or enhancements that are designed to carry data for specific deployments and functionalities, such as dual connectivity,e.g., for connection in secondary node in non-standalone deployment, to support logged MDT or quality of experience, QoE, container. That is, the network running dual connectivity, MDT or QoE related processes, may simultaneously need to guarantee SRB3, SRB4, SRB5 bearers, respectively, all together.

[0054] Therefore, there is a need for a procedure which enables a UE to use an SRB for logged physical layer data reporting. In one embodiment, an apparatus for a UE may be configured to receive a configuration for logged physical layer measurements, and report the logged physical layer measurements based on the received configuration to a network node through a lower priority SRB configured by the network node to the UE for carrying said measurements. In one embodiment, an apparatus for a network node may be configured to send, to a UE, a configuration for logged physical layer measurements, and receive a report of the logged physical layer measurements based on the sent configuration through a lower priority SRB configured by the network node to the UE for carrying said measurements. In one example, the logged physical layer data, such as logged CSI reports, may be provided by the UE to the network via the lower priority SRB for offline training of an AI / ML model. The AI / ML model may be trained based on the received measurements, for example, for beam management optimization.

[0055] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a communication network. Communication network 100 may comprise one or more base stations. The base stations may be, for example, 5thgeneration access nodes, gNB, represented by gNB 104 and gNB 106. The gNB(s) 104, 106 may be part of a radio access network (RAN) configured to enable a device, represented throughout the description by UE 102, to access communication services provided by core network 108. In connection with communication network 100, base station(s) and core network may be collectively referred to as the ‘network’. UE 102 may comprise a user device, a user node, a mobile device, or the like. UE 102 may be configured to communicate with base station(s) over a radio interface, which may be also referred to as an air interface. Base stations may be also referred to as access nodes, network devices or network nodes.

[0056] The radio interface may be configured for example based on the 5G NR (New Radio) standard defined by the 3rdGeneration Partnership Project (3 GPP), or any future standard or technology (e.g., 6G). Transmission by a base station to UE 102 may be called downlink (DL) transmission. Transmission by UE 110 to a base station may be called uplink (UL) transmission. UE 102 may be therefore configured to operate as a transmitter for uplink transmissions and as a receiver for downlink transmissions. The gNB(s) 104, 106 may be configured to operate as a receiver for uplink transmissions and as a transmitter for downlink transmissions.Communication network 100 may comprise a wireless communication network or a mobile communication network, such as for example a cellular communication network.

[0057] Communication network 100 may be operated based on a protocol stack comprising a plurality of protocol layers. The protocol stack may be arranged based on the open systems interconnection (OSI) model or a layer model of a particular standard such as 3GPP 5G NR. Example components of the protocol stack comprise layer 1, LI, layer 2, L2, and layer 3, L3, that manage communication between the UE 102, and the network in a wireless communication system. LI, also referred to as the physical layer, is responsible for the physical transmission and reception of signals over the air interface, covering processes such as modulation, coding, and signal propagation. L2, or the data link layer, ensures reliable data transfer across the physical link established by LI and includes sub-layers like the medium access control (MAC) layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, and the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer. These sub-layers collectively manage data framing, error correction, retransmission, and security, thereby providing a stable link between the UE 102 and the network. L3, the network layer, handles higher-level functions such as connection management, routing, and mobility, including the RRC protocol, which manages handovers between cells, such as a transition from a source cell (e.g., gNB 104) to a target cell (e.g., gNB 106), based on LI or L2 measurements as well as higher-layer decisions. Corresponding protocol stacks may be applied both at base stations, such as the gNB 104 and 106, and the UE 102.

[0058] Communication network 100 may comprise other network function(s), network device(s), or protocol(s), in addition, or alternative to, those illustrated in FIG. 1. A network device may be configured to implement functionality of one or more network functions. Even though some embodiments have been described in the context of 5G, it is appreciated that embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this example network. Example embodiments may be therefore applied in any present or future communication networks. An apparatus, such as for example UE 102 or gNB 104, 106, may comprise, or be configured to implement, e.g., by means of software, one or more of the protocol layers described herein.

[0059] In one example, the UE 102 and a network device, such as the gNB 104, may be configured with an adaptive retrieval mechanism for logged physical layer data. The adaptive retrieval mechanism may be, for example, to obtain logged CSI reports from the UE 102 by the gNB 104 for the purpose of offline training of ML models. The adaptive mechanism may comprise a conditioned RRC procedure designed to carry the logged physical layer measurements using UL DCCH logical channel for transferring the data. The RRC procedure may be conditioned such that reporting of the logged physical layer measurements is based onat least one pre-configured logging event condition and / or at least one reporting condition for the logged physical layer measurements. Further, the RRC procedure may be performed based on a lower priority SRB setup determined by the network node for the logged physical layer measurements and availability of the lower priority SRB for carrying said measurements. This may enable that a most suitable SRB is selected for reporting the logged physical layer measurements. In one example, the lower priority SRB setup may be determined by the network node based on the configured condition(s) for the logged physical layer measurements.

[0060] In one example, a pre-requisite procedure for the use of lower priority SRB(s) may be an AI / ML-enabled activation of logged CSI reports for offline training for beam management optimization. It may be assumed that RRC message sent to the UE for the activation (e.g., RRCReconfiguration) is a follow up after relevant UE capabilities are indicated to the network. The RRC message may provide the UE with measurement configurations. For example, with the measurement configurations, specific CSI resources may be a given configuration on at least one of measurement quantitie(s) to indicate the UE 102 what to measure, logging condition(s) or trigger(s) to indicate the UE 102 when to measure and how to store logging samples, and a reporting condition or trigger to indicate when the logged measurements should be attempted to be released. Both the UE 102 and the network may need to consider the preconfigured conditions to enable the reporting procedure. The RRC message delivering the measurement configurations may be transmitted, for example, by the gNB 104 to the UE 102.

[0061] The measurement quantities may be related to e.g. Layer 1 reference signal received power, Ll-RSRP, Layer 1 synchronization signal reference signal received power, LI SS- RSRP, CSLRSRP, beam indices, top-K best performing beams (where top K number of beams are to be selected based on best performance or accuracy scores), and / or beams predictions.

[0062] Logging conditions or triggers may be related to, for example, a logging interval or a logging event, such as aperiodical event, semipersistent event, Ll-RSRP threshold, beam sets, beam identities, prediction accuracy, or the like.

[0063] The reporting condition or trigger may be related to, for example, a memory threshold, a time threshold, an interval, or the like.

[0064] At the network side, the gNB 104 may be configured to make a decision on whether to establish a lower priority SRB right after the configuration has been sent to the UE 102 and keep the SRB ready or to postpone the SRB establishment until the reporting condition is satisfied. For example, the SRB may be established once the network expects frequent reports with short interval from the UE 102 based on the configured reporting type condition, or the SRB may be established once it is expected by the network that the UE 102 will collect data fora relatively longer time, e.g., based on preconfigured reporting condition set to a memory threshold at the UE 102. Establishment of the SRB may be also postponed due to an internal overload situation or a temporal inability of the network to handle additional reporting.

[0065] As for the other SRBs than the one established for the reporting, the network may initiate the establishment of such SRBs, along with DRBs and / or multicast MRBs, after having initiated the initial AS security activation procedure. For example, the network may initiate the establishment of SRB(s) prior to receiving the confirmation of the initial AS security activation from the UE. That is, similar configurations for integrity protection and ciphering may be inherited as in other RRC signaling (SRBs).

[0066] At the UE side, receiving the measurement configuration from the network may initiate a procedure to monitor the reporting condition, and further, initiate the reporting once the respective condition is met. For the reporting condition that requires frequent reports (e.g., interval -based reporting condition), the UE 102 may perform availability check of SRB for carrying the logged CSI measurement results before the initiation of reporting. For the reporting condition that requires less frequent reports (e.g., event- or memory-based reporting condition), the UE 102 may initiate on-demand reporting procedure for logged CSI reporting on a higher priority SRB (e.g., SRB1), which may be triggered by an availability indication of the reports to notify the network about the need to make a suitable SRB available. The use of SRB1 in the procedure is for the indication of logged physical layer measurement report availability, but not for the transfer of the measurement reports. Hence another RRC message may be used for transferring the measurement reports.

[0067] The UE 102 may be configured to send the logged physical layer measurements over a lower priority SRB configured by the gNB 104 for the UE 102. The UE 102 may be configured to evaluate the at least one reporting condition indicated by the gNB 104 for the UE 102, and based on the detecting that the at least one reporting condition is met, check availability of the configured lower priority SRB. The gNB 104 mat be configured to select and configure the lower priority SRB adaptively in order to avoid negative implications to load and resource management. The gNB 104 may be configured to monitor at least one of when the configured reporting condition is met; or network load. The gNB 104 may be configured to establish the lower priority SRB to be used by the UE 102 for the reporting based on the met reporting condition and / or network load situation. Depending on the fulfillment of the monitored conditions on the UE and the network side, at least one of two types (new dedicated SRB, e.g. SRB6; or a shared SRB, e.g. SRB2 or SRB4) of lower priority SRBs may be made available by the gNB 104 for the transfer of the logged physical layer measurements by the UE 102. Oneoption is to establish a lower priority SRB dedicated to carrying logged physical layer measurements, such as an SRB6. One option is to establish a lower priority SRB which is shared for carrying also other data than the logged physical layer measurements. The shared lower priority SRB may be, for example, SRB2 or SRB4. To summarize, the purpose of an existing SRB may be extended to carry logged physical layer measurements, or a new lower priority SRB type may be created for carrying the logged physical layer measurements exclusively.

[0068] As discussed, existing SRBs are used for different purposes, and thus their prioritization cannot be adjusted according to the logged measurement delivery. For example, if SRB2 is selected, then it cannot be heavily deprioritized in overload situations. Additionally, SRB2 is also used for sending NAS messages, which are important to be delivered. Defining a new SRB, e.g. SRB6, for this purpose requires some more standardization efforts, but it enables the network the better control the load coming from reporting of logged beam level measurement data.

[0069] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of an apparatus configured to practice one or more example embodiments. In one example, the apparatus 200 may comprise a device such as UE 102, a user node, a mobile device, or in general any apparatus configured to implement functionality of UE described herein. In one example, the apparatus 200 may comprise a device such as an access node, an access point, a base station such as gNB 104 or 106, a radio network node, or a split portion thereof (e.g., a central or distributed unit of an access node), a network device, a terminal device, or in general any apparatus configured to implement functionality of gNB described herein.

[0070] The apparatus 200 may comprise at least one processor 202. The at least one processor 202 may comprise, for example, one or more of various processing devices, such as for example a co-processor, a microprocessor, a controller, a digital signal processor (DSP), a processing circuitry with or without an accompanying DSP, or various other processing devices including integrated circuits such as, for example, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a hardware accelerator, a special-purpose computer chip, or the like.

[0071] The apparatus 200 may further comprise at least one memory 204. The memory 204 may be configured to store, for example, computer program code or the like, for example operating system software and application software. The at least one memory 204 may comprise one or more volatile memory devices, one or more non-volatile memory devices, and / or a combination thereof. For example, the memory may be embodied as magnetic storage devices (such as hard disk drives, magnetic tapes, etc.), optical magnetic storage devices, orsemiconductor memories (such as mask ROM, PROM (programmable ROM), EPROM (erasable PROM), flash ROM, RAM (random access memory), etc.). The at least one memory 204 is provided as an example of a (non-transitory) computer readable medium. The term “non- transitory,” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).

[0072] The apparatus 200 may further comprise a communication interface 208 configured to enable the apparatus 200 to transmit information to other devices and / or to receive information from the other devices. The communication interface 208 may comprise an external communication interface, such as for example a radio interface between UE 102 and gNB(s) 104, 106, or a communication interface between a central unit and distributed unit(s) of an access node (e.g., an Fs-U and / or Fs-C interface). The communication interface 208 may comprise one or more radio transmitters or receivers, which may be coupled to one or more antennas or the apparatus 200, or be configured to be coupled to one or more antennas external to the apparatus 200.

[0073] The apparatus 200 may further comprise other components and / or functions such as a user interface (not shown) comprising at least one input device and / or at least one output device. The input device may take various forms such a keyboard, a touch screen, or one or more embedded control buttons. The output device may for example comprise a display, a speaker, or the like.

[0074] When the apparatus 200 is configured to implement some functionality, some component and / or components of the apparatus 200, such as for example the at least one processor 202 and / or the at least one memory 204, may be configured to implement this functionality. Furthermore, when the at least one processor 202 is configured to implement some functionality, this functionality may be implemented using program code 206 comprised, for example, in the at least one memory 204.

[0075] The functionality described herein may be performed, at least in part, by one or more computer program product components such as software components. According to an example embodiment, the apparatus 200 comprises a processor or processor circuitry, such as for example a microcontroller, configured by the program code 206, when executed, to execute the embodiments of the operations and functionality described herein. Program code 206 is provided as an example of instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor 202, cause performance of the apparatus 200.

[0076] Alternatively, or in addition, the functionality described herein can be performed, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components. For example, and without limitation,illustrative types of hardware logic components that can be used include field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-a-chip systems (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), graphics processing units (GPUs), or the like.

[0077] The apparatus 200 may be configured to perform, or cause performance of, method(s) described herein or comprise means for performing method(s) described herein. In one example, the means comprises the at least one processor 202, the at least one memory 204 including instructions (e.g., program code 206) configured to, when executed by the at least one processor 202, cause the apparatus 200 to perform the method(s). In general, computer program instructions may be executed on means providing generic processing functions. Such means may be embedded for example in a personal computer, a smart phone, a network device, or the like. The method(s) may be thus computer-implemented, for example, based on algorithm(s) executable by the generic processing functions, an example of which is the at least one processor 202. The means may comprise transmission or reception means, for example one or more radio transmitters or receivers, which may be coupled or be configured to be coupled to one or more antennas. Although apparatus 200 is illustrated as a single device, it is appreciated that, wherever applicable, functions of apparatus 200 may be distributed to a plurality of devices.

[0078] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of signalling and operations for using lower priority SRBs for reporting logged physical layer measurements. The logged physical layer measurements may comprise, for example, logged CSI reports. In one example, the logged CSI reports may be for offline training of an AI / ML model. In one example, the logged data may be used for beam management optimization performed by the AI / ML models. The operations of FIG. 3 may be performed by a mobile device, such as UE 102, and a base station, such as gNB 104.

[0079] At operation 300, configurations for activation of logged CSI reports may be performed. For example, at operation 302, the gNB 104 may be configured to send a message to the UE 102 to obtain capability information of the UE 102. The message may be, for example, an RRC message such as UECapability Enquiry. In response to the message, at operation 304, the UE 102 may send a message comprising the enquired capability information to the gNB 104. The message may be, for example, an RRC message such as UECapability Information. The response message may include an indication that the UE 102 supports logged CSI reporting and / or an indication that the UE 102 supports use of adaptive SRB for the logged CSI reporting. When the UE supports adaptive SRB, the UE 102 may be configured to support use of multiplelower priority SRBs for logged CSI reporting, such as SRB2 and SRB6, and / or an adaptiveSRB setup.

[0080] At operation 306, the gNB 104 may be configured to detect a trigger to generate logged CSI report configuration. A CSI report may refer to a collection of channel status information reference signal, CSI-RS, measurements. The trigger may be, for example, the received indication(s) related to capabilities of the UE 102 to support logged CSI reporting. Thereafter, the gNB 104 may generate the logged CSI report configuration for the UE 102.

[0081] At operation 308, the gNB 104 may send the generated CSI report configuration to the UE 102. The configuration may be sent, for example, over an SRB1. The configuration may comprise at least one condition for logging CSI measurements and / or at least one condition for reporting the logged CSI measurements. In one example, at least one of the condition(s) for logging CSI measurements or the reporting condition(s) may be preconfigured at the UE 102. Hence, the sent configuration may also comprise an implicit indication of the condition(s) for logging CSI measurements and / or the reporting condition(s) instead of including the respective condition. For example, the configuration may comprise an event-based reporting condition, indicative of the logging events to be performed by the UE 102. A condition for logging CSI measurements may be also referred to as a logging event or a logging trigger or a logging type or a reporting type.

[0082] At operation 310, the gNB 104 may be configured to decide if configuration of an SRB dedicated to carry logged CSI reports is needed. The gNB 104 may perform the decision based on the logged CSI report configuration generated for the UE 102. The decision may be also performed based on internal capabilities of the gNB 104. The internal capabilities may be related to a machine learning strategy applied in the network (e.g. gNB), load situation of the gNB 104 and / or configurations of other features than the logged CSI reporting.

[0083] For example, the gNB 104 may determine based on the logged CSI report configuration if a continued or an on-demand based SRB setup is needed for the logged CSI reports from the UE 102. The continued SRB setup may be used when the logging event and / or reporting conditions are associated with frequent reporting. An example of a reporting condition requiring frequent reporting is when the reporting is triggered based on a time interval. In case of a need for continued SRB setup, the gNB 104 may establish the lower priority SRB dedicated to carry the logged CSI reports, such as SRB6. In continued SRB setup, the SRB may be kept on as long as possible in order to prepare for upcoming logged CSI reports.

[0084] The on-demand SRB setup may be used when the logging event and / or reporting conditions are associated with less frequent reporting. An example of reporting conditionsrequiring less frequent reporting than the interval-based condition is when the reporting is triggered based on a certain event or a memory threshold being met. When the gNB 104 determines to use the on-demand SRB setup, the gNB 104 may monitor for an indication that the reporting condition is met and establish the lower layer SRB based on the received indication and / or current network load situation.

[0085] At operation 312, the gNB 104 may configure the UE 102 to use the established SRB dedicated for the logged CSI reporting. For example, the gNB 104 may be configured to transmit, to the UE 102, an RRC reconfiguration message with an indication to add the lower priority SRB index / identity, such as SRB6, as a separate UL DCCH channel. The configuration of the SRB to be used for reporting may be transmitted, for example, over SRB1.

[0086] At operation 314, The UE 102 may perform data collection for offline training based on the received configuration for logged CSI reports. For example, at operation 316, the UE 102 may perform CSI measurements for generation of a log. The log may comprise individual log samples based on the configured logging event conditions. At operation 318, the UE 102 may gather logging samples based on the performed measurements. For instance, the UE 102 may be configured by the gNB 104 with certain measurement quantities, such as Ll-RSRP, beam indices and / or beams predictions, based on which the measurements are then logged according to the configured logging condition such as periodically at certain intervals. Depending on the configuration, the measurements may be logged only if Ll-RSRP threshold is met. For example, the UE 102 may check for each measurement if the measurement result value is greater or lower from the threshold. The threshold may be given, for example, as a certain numerical value of LI SS-RSRP or CSI-RSRP.

[0087] At operation 320, the UE 102 may initiate a reporting procedure. For example, at operation 322, the UE 102 may monitor for the reporting condition configured at the UE 102 at 308, and once the reporting condition is met, initiate the reporting procedure by checking availability of SRB for reporting the logged CSI reports. The logged CSI report may comprise the CSI measurements logged at 314.

[0088] In one example, the UE 102 may be configured to check, at operation 324, if the lower priority SRB dedicated for logged CSI reporting is configured. In case the dedicated SRB, such as SRB6, is indicated by the gNB for the UE 102 at operation 312, and thus available, the UE 102 may send, at operation 326, the logged CSI report to the gNB 104 through the SRB6. For example, the UE 102 may be configured to send an RCC message dedicated to logged CSI report transmission, such as MeasurementReportPhyLayer.

[0089] Similar to other SRBs, SRB6 release or re-establishment by the network could result in varying availability, for example, in case there were network condition changes or RRC state changes in the UE 102. If the SRB relevant for transmission of the collected data is not available, another alternative for SRB selection can take place. If there is no SRB available for any alternative, the data handling maybe left to implementation. For example, the UE 102 may be configured to discard the logged CSI report, monitor and wait for an available SRB, or defer transmission of the logged CSI report to another attempt performed after a configured waiting time.

[0090] In one example, the UE 102 may determine at operation 328, that the met reporting condition, e.g., a memory buffer-based reporting condition, may enable larger data collection and less frequent reports than with the interval-based reporting condition. In this case, the UE 102 may be configured to initiate the reporting procedure based on an on-demand approach. This approach can be associated with a reporting condition that sets a maximum UE buffer reserved for logged CSI reports to be equal or less to a single RRC message size (e.g., 9 Kbytes).

[0091] The limitation for the maximum buffer can be implied explicitly or implicitly. For example, explicit determination of the logging termination and reporting initiation can be realized by configuring the reporting condition through RRC information element in the configuration RRC message set to the maximum allowed report size = 9Kbytes. An implicit determination on the reporting initiation can be realized by configuring the reporting condition through RRC information element in the configuration RRC message set to a value indicating the on-demand reporting approach, which can imply the same conditions as in the explicit determination.

[0092] Based on the reporting condition associated with the on-demand approach for reporting being met, the UE 102 may be configured to indicate availability of the logged CSI reports to the gNB 104, at operation 330. In one example, the indication may be sent in an RRC message over SRB1. The indication may be sent by the UE 102 at a first possible occasion. In one example, the indication may be provided in an RRCReconfigurationComplete message. The indication may be provided, for example, by setting a one-bit flag of logged CSI reports or physical layer measurements available to “1”.

[0093] After reception of the indicator of available logged CSI reports, the gNB 104 may be configured to determine if an SRB for logged CSI reports is available, and if not, the gNB 104 may configure the SRB (e.g. SRB2), at operation 332. At operation 334, the gNB 104 may configure the UE 102 to use the available / configured SRB for the logged CSI reporting. For example, the gNB 104 may be configured to transmit, to the UE 102, an RRC reconfigurationmessage with an indication to add the lower priority SRB index / identity, such as SRB2, as a separate UL DCCH channel. The configuration of the SRB to be used for reporting may be transmitted, for example, over SRB1.

[0094] At operation 336, the gNB 104 may decide to retrieve the logged CSI reports from the UE 102. For example, the gNB 104 may be configured to send, to the UE 102, an RRC message, such as UEInformationRequest, with a flag for logged CSI report request set to “1”. The message for requesting the logged CSI report may be transmitted, for example, over SRB1.

[0095] In response to the request, at operation 338, the UE 102 may be configured to retrieve the logged CSI reports and send them to the gNB 104 over the configured SRB for logged CSI reports, such as the SRB2. For example, the logged CSI reports may be included in an RRC message, such as UEInformationResponse.

[0096] Operations 328, 330 and 332 present the on-demand retrieval procedure for logged CSI reports through the extension of UEInformationRequest / Response procedure with indicators specific for logged physical layer measurement data. The on-demand based procedure may enable the network to manage the resources in a more relaxed way, without a need to have a dedicated SRB established all the time.

[0097] Operations 312 to 326 present a continued SRB6 configuration, which SRB may be continuously ready to accept logged CSI reports. However, due to internal network decision (e.g., based on loading), the SRB can be released, thus risking data loss and the UE missing opportunities to deliver the reports. Another example that can be considered as a form of continued, but also opportunistic way of reporting is presented in FIG. 4.

[0098] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of signalling and operations for using an SRB2 for reporting logged physical layer measurements. The logged physical layer measurements may comprise, for example, logged CSI reports. In one example, the logged CSI reports may be for offline training of an AI / ML models. In one example, the logged data may be used for beam management optimization performed by the AI / ML models. The operations of FIG. 4 may be performed by a mobile device, such as UE 102, and a base station, such as gNB 104. Although SRB2 is used as an example of a lower priority SRB for carrying the logged physical layer measurements, the procedures of FIG. 4 are also applicable with other suitable lower priority SRBs, such as SRB4.

[0099] At operation 300, configurations for activation of logged CSI reports may be performed. For example, at operation 302, the gNB 104 may be configured to send a message to the UE 102 to obtain capability information of the UE 102. The message may be, for example, an RRC message such as UECapability Enquiry. In response to the message, at operation 304,the UE 102 may send a message comprising the enquired capability information to the gNB 104. The message may be, for example, an RRC message such as UECapability Information including an indication that the UE 102 supports logged CSI reporting.

[0100] At operation 306, the gNB 104 may be configured to detect a trigger to generate logged CSI-RS report configuration. The trigger may be, for example, the received indication related to capabilities of the UE 102 to support logged CSI reporting and / or configuration received by the gNB from another network entity. Thereafter, the gNB 104 may generate the logged CSI report configuration for the UE 102.

[0101] At operation 308, the gNB 104 may send the generated CSI report configuration to the UE 102. The configuration may comprise, or indicate, at least one condition for logging CSI measurements and / or at least one condition for reporting the logged CSI measurements. The configuration may be transmitted, for example, over SRB1.

[0102] At operation 400, the gNB 104 may configure the UE 102 to use an SRB established by the gNB 104 for the logged CSI reporting. For example, the gNB 104 may be configured to transmit, to the UE 102, an RRC reconfiguration message with an indication to add a lower priority SRB index / identity, such as SRB2, as a separate UL DCCH channel. The configuration of the SRB to be used for reporting may be transmitted, for example, over SRB1. Although SRB2 is given as an example, the gNB 104 can also decide to use some other lower priority SRB, such as SRB4, for carrying the logged CSI reports. Here, the selected lower priority SRB can be configured for carrying also other measurement reports than the logged CSI reports. In other words, the lower priority SRB can be shared to be used in more than one reporting procedures.

[0103] At operation 314, The UE 102 may perform data collection for offline training based on the received configuration for logged CSI reports. The data collection may be performed as already described in operations 316 and 318 of FIG. 3 and therefore not repeated herein.

[0104] At operation 320, the UE 102 may initiate a reporting procedure. For example, at operation 322, the UE 102 may monitor for the reporting condition configured by the gNB 104 for the UE 102 at 308, and once the reporting condition is met, initiate the reporting procedure by checking availability of SRB for reporting the logged CSI reports.

[0105] In one example, the UE 102 may be configured to check, at operation 402, if the lower priority SRB for logged CSI reporting is configured. In case the SRB, such as SRB2, is configured by the gNB 104 for the UE 102 at operation 400, and thus available, the UE 102 can send, at operation 404, the data collected at 314 to the gNB 104 through the configured SRB2.

[0106] However, because the configured SRB may be also used for other types of reporting, separation of the logged CSI report data may be needed from other data types. In one example, the separation can be realized by enabling an extension to an RRC message used for measurement reports (e.g. Measurement Report RRC message) or UE’s assistance information (UE Assistance Information RRC message) to support carrying logged physical layer data, and further, to be transmitted through SRB2 instead of SRB1. In case the SRB relevant for transmission of the collected data is not available, another alternative for SRB selection can take place. If there is no SRB available for any alternative, the data handling maybe left to implementation e.g. discarding the collected data, waiting for an available SRB, or deferring transmission of the logged CSI report to another attempt. The signalling capability enables that the UE 102 can initiate the transmission of the logged CSI reports to the network with SRB2 at any time SRB2 is available for other purposes, while transferring the data content separately.

[0107] In one example, the UE 102 may determine, at operation 328, that the met reporting condition, e.g., event or memory buffer-based reporting condition, may enable larger data collection and less frequent reports than with the interval-based reporting condition. In this case, the UE 102 may be configured to initiate the reporting procedure based on the on-demand approach, as described in operations 330 to 338 in FIG. 3, and the reporting procedure is therefore not repeated herein.

[0108] The procedures of FIG. 4 enable that a shared SRB, such as the SRB2 or SRB4, can be used both in case of the continued SRB setup and the on-demand based SRB setup. The SRB setup determined by the network and the reporting procedure used by the UE may depend on the configurations for the logged CSI reporting and / or the internal capabilities of the network. This may enable selection and establishment of a suitable lower priority SRB appropriately for different situations.

[0109] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of signalling and operations for using lower priority SRBs for reporting logged physical layer measurements when triggered based on a maximum buffer size. The logged physical layer measurements may comprise, for example, logged CSI reports. In one example, the logged CSI reports may be for offline training of an AI / ML models. In one example, the logged data may be used for beam management optimization performed by the AI / ML models. The operations of FIG. 5 may be performed by a mobile device, such as UE 102, and a base station, such as gNB 104.

[0110] At operation 300, configurations for activation of logged CSI reports may be performed. For example, at operation 302, the gNB 104 may be configured to send a message to the UE 102 to obtain capability information of the UE 102. The message may be, for example,an RRC message such as UECapability Enquiry. In response to the message, at operation 304, the UE 102 may send a message comprising the enquired capability information to the gNB 104. The message may be, for example, an RRC message such as UECapability Information including an indication that the UE 102 supports logged CSI reporting.[OHl] At operation 306, the gNB 104 may be configured to detect a trigger to generate logged CSI-RS report configuration. The trigger may be, for example, the received indication related to capabilities of the UE 102 to support logged CSI reporting and / or configuration received by the gNB from another network entity. Thereafter, the gNB 104 may generate the logged CSI report configuration for the UE 102.

[0112] At operation 308, the gNB 104 may send the generated CSI report configuration to the UE 102. The configuration may comprise, or indicate, at least one condition for logging CSI measurements and / or at least one condition for reporting the logged CSI measurements. The configuration may be transmitted, for example, over SRB1. Here, the condition for reporting may be fixed and based on the maximum allowable size of a single message.

[0113] In one example, the maximum allowable size may be 9 Kbytes. It is noted, that the limit may be also more or less than the 9 Kbytes, depending on configured message sizes. A total buffer of the UE 102 may be greater than the set limit, such as 64 KB. However, a buffer partition for triggering the logged CSI report may be fixed to approximately match the single message, such as an RRC message. In one example, the configuration transmitted at operation 308 may comprise an implicit indication that the condition for reporting is tied to the maximum size for the logged CSI report to be sent as the maximum size of a single message which, when reached, triggers a configured report retrieval procedure of the logged CSI measurements.

[0114] At operation 500, the gNB 104 may configure the UE 102 to use an SRB established by the gNB 104 for the logged CSI reporting. For example, the gNB 104 may be configured to transmit, to the UE 102, an RRC reconfiguration message with an indication to add a lower priority SRB index / identity, such as SRB2 or SRB6, as a separate UL DCCH channel. The configuration of the SRB to be used for reporting may be transmitted, for example, over SRB1.

[0115] At operation 314, The UE 102 may perform data collection for offline training based on the received configuration for logged CSI reports. For example, the data collection may be performed as already described in operations 316 and 318 of FIG. 3, and therefore not repeated herein.

[0116] At operation 502, the UE 102 may be configured to detect that the logged CSI measurements occupy the indicated maximum size, such as 9 Kbytes of the memory of the UE 102 reserved for the logged physical layer data type. For example, UE implemented bufferdedicated to the physical layer data type may be set to 9 Kbytes in size. If the buffer is greater, e.g. 64 KB, any partition of the buffer equal to the 9Kbytes can be configured to trigger the reporting procedure. When the indicated maximum size is reached, the UE 102 concludes that the reporting condition for the logged CSI report is met.

[0117] After detecting that the reporting condition is met, the UE 102 may be configured to perform one of the reporting procedures as described in FIG. 4 and FIG. 3. For example, the UE 102 may be first configured to check, at operation 402, if the lower priority SRB for logged CSI reporting is configured. In case the SRB, such as SRB2, is configured by the gNB for the UE 102 at operation 500, and thus available, the UE 102 can send, at operation 404, the data collected at 314 to the gNB 104 through the configured SRB2. Although Measurement Report is used as an example of an RRC message to be used for carrying the logged physical layer measurements, the procedure of FIG. 5 at operation 404, is also applicable with other suitable RRC message (e.g. UE Information Response, UE Assistance Information, Measurement Report for Physical Layer, etc.).

[0118] In case the SRB2 is not available, or the UE 102 is configured to operate according to the on-demand approach, the UE 102 may be configured to perform the reporting procedure as described in operations 330 to 338 in FIG. 3.

[0119] In one example, the UE 102 may be configured to check, at operation 324, if the lower priority SRB dedicated for logged CSI reporting is configured. In case the dedicated SRB, such as SRB6, is indicated by the gNB for the UE 102 at operation 500, and thus available, the UE 102 can determine to send, at operation 326, the data collected at 314 to the gNB 104 through the configured SRB6. For example, the UE 102 may be configured to send an RCC message dedicated to logged CSI report transmission, such as MeasurementReportPhyLayer.

[0120] In one example, the UE 102 may be first configured to check if SRB6 is available, and if not, check availability of SRB2, and perform reporting over the SRB determined to be available for carrying the logged CSI report.

[0121] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a method 600 for reporting logged physical layer measurements using a lower priority SRB. The method 600 may be performed by a device, e.g., UE 102, or by a control apparatus configured to control the functioning thereof, when installed therein.

[0122] At operation 602, the method may comprise receiving, by the user equipment from a network node, a configuration for CSI measurements logging, wherein the configuration indicates at least one logging event condition for CSI measurements and at least one reportingcondition for a logged CSI report The logging event condition(s) and / or the reporting condition(s) may be explicitly or implicitly indicated.

[0123] At operation 604, the method may comprise performing, by the user equipment, data collection of CSI measurements to be included in the logged CSI report based on the at least one logging event condition.

[0124] At operation 606, the method may comprise detecting that the at least one reporting condition is met.

[0125] At operation 608, the method may comprise determining, by the user equipment, based on the at least one reporting condition being met, an availability of an SRB for reporting the logged CSI report, wherein the SRB has a lower priority than SRB1.

[0126] At operation 610, the method may comprise, based on determining that the SRB for reporting the logged CSI report is configured, sending, by the user equipment, the logged CSI report over the configured SRB.

[0127] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a method 700 for configuring reporting of logged physical layer measurements using a lower priority SRB. The method 700 may be performed by a device or by a control apparatus configured to control the functioning thereof, when installed therein. In one example, the device may be a network node, such as gNB 104.

[0128] At operation 702, the method may comprise sending, by the network node to a user equipment, a configuration for CSI measurements logging, wherein the configuration indicates at least one logging event condition for CSI measurements and at least one reporting condition for a logged CSI report.

[0129] At operation 704, the method may comprise sending, by the network node to the user equipment, a configuration of an SRB for reporting logged CSI reports, wherein the SRB has a lower priority than SBR1.

[0130] At operation 706, the method may comprise receiving, from the user equipment, the logged CSI report comprising CSI measurements performed by the user equipment based on the at least one logging event condition, and wherein the logged CSI report is received over the configured SRB based on the at least one reporting condition being met.

[0131] Further features of the methods directly result for example from functionality of UE 102, or network node such as gNB 104, as described throughout the description, claims, and drawings, and are therefore not repeated here. An apparatus, for example a device such as UE 102, or a network node, may be configured to perform or cause performance of any aspect of the method(s) described herein. Further, a computer program, a computer program product, or a (non-transitory) computer-readable medium may comprise instructions for causing, whenexecuted by an apparatus, the apparatus to perform any aspect of the method(s) described herein. Further, an apparatus may comprise means for performing any aspect of the method(s) described herein. According to an example embodiment, the means comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform any aspect of the method(s).

[0132] Any range or device value given herein may be extended or altered without losing the effect sought. Also, any embodiment may be combined with another embodiment unless explicitly disallowed.

[0133] Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and / or acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as examples of implementing the claims and other equivalent features and acts are intended to be within the scope of the claims.

[0134] It will be understood that the benefits and advantages described above may relate to one embodiment or may relate to several embodiments. The embodiments are not limited to those that solve any or all of the stated problems or those that have any or all of the stated benefits and advantages. It will further be understood that reference to 'an' item may refer to one or more of those items.

[0135] The steps or operations of the methods described herein may be carried out in any suitable order, or simultaneously where appropriate. Additionally, individual blocks may be deleted from any of the methods without departing from the scope of the subject matter described herein. Aspects of any of the example embodiments described above may be combined with aspects of any of the other example embodiments described to form further example embodiments without losing the effect sought.

[0136] The term 'comprising' is used herein to mean including the method, blocks, or elements identified, but that such blocks or elements do not comprise an exclusive list and a method or apparatus may contain additional blocks or elements.

[0137] As used herein, “at least one of the following: ” and “at least one of ” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or”, mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.

[0138] Although subjects may be referred to as ‘first’ or ‘second’ subjects, this does not necessarily indicate any order or importance of the subjects. Instead, such attributes may be used solely for the purpose of making a difference between subjects.

[0139] As used in this application, the term ‘circuitry’ may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :(i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit(s) with software / firmware and (ii) any portions of hardware processor(s) with software (including digital signal processor(s)), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and (c) hardware circuit(s) and or processor(s), such as a microprocessor s) or a portion of a microprocessor s), that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims.

[0140] As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.

[0141] It will be understood that the above description is given by way of example only and that various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art. The above specification, examples and data provide a complete description of the structure and use of exemplary embodiments. Although various embodiments have been described above with a certain degree of particularity, or with reference to one or more individual embodiments, those skilled in the art could make numerous alterations to the disclosed embodiments without departing from scope of this specification.

Claims

CLAIMS1. An apparatus for user equipment, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a network node, a configuration for channel status information, CSI, measurements logging, wherein the configuration indicates at least one logging event condition for CSI measurements and at least one reporting condition for a logged CSI report; perform data collection of CSI measurements to be included in the logged CSI report based on the at least one logging event condition; detect that the at least one reporting condition is met; determine, based on the at least one reporting condition being met, an availability of a signaling radio bearer, SRB, for reporting the logged CSI report, wherein the SRB has a lower priority than SRB1; and based on determining that the SRB for reporting the logged CSI report is configured, send the logged CSI report over the configured SRB.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the configured SRB is an SRB dedicated for reporting logged CSI reports.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the configured SRB is SRB6.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the configured SRB is an SRB shared for carrying multiple types of data including the logged CSI measurements.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the multiple types of data include logged measurement information or a protocol layer measurement report information.

6. The apparatus of claim 3 or 4, wherein the configured SRB is SRB2 or SRB4.

7. The apparatus of any preceding claim, caused to: determine, based on the reporting condition, a reporting procedure to be applied for reporting the logged CSI measurements; andperform reporting of the logged CSI measurements based on the determined reporting procedure.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, caused to: detect that the reporting condition is associated with a time interval-based reporting condition or a maximum size of the report; and send the logged report over the configured SRB based on the reporting condition being met.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, caused to: detect that the reporting condition is associated with event-based or memory-based condition for reporting of the logged CSI measurements; transmit, to the network node, an indication of available logged CSI report over a higher priority SRB than the SRB for reporting the logged CSI report when the configured reporting condition is met; receive, from the network node based on the transmitted indication, a request for the logged CSI report; and send the logged CSI report over the configured SRB based on the received request.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein a configuration of the SRB for reporting the logged CSI report is received from the network node responsive to the transmitted indication of the available logged CSI report.

11. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the logging event condition is based on at least one of the following:- layer 1 received signal reference power, Ll-RSRP;- layer 1 synchronization signal reference signal received power, LI SS-RSPS;- beam indices;- beam predictions;- top-K best performance beams;- a time interval for logging the CSI measurements; or- an event trigger for logging the CSI measurements.

12. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the event trigger is based on at least one of the following:- an aperiodical event;- a semipersi stent event;- a threshold for Ll-RSRP;- a beam set; or- a beam prediction accuracy.

13. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the reporting condition is based on one of the following:- a memory threshold;- a time threshold; or- a time interval.

14. An apparatus for a network node, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: send, to a user equipment, a configuration for channel status information, CSI, measurements logging, wherein the configuration indicates at least one logging event condition for CSI measurements and at least one reporting condition for a logged CSI report; send, to the user equipment, a configuration of a signaling radio bearer, SRB, for reporting logged CSI reports, wherein the SRB has a lower priority than SBR1; and receive, from the user equipment, the logged CSI report comprising CSI measurements performed by the user equipment based on the at least one logging event condition, and wherein the logged CSI report is received over the configured SRB based on the at least one reporting condition being met.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, further caused to: determine, based on at least one of the configuration for CSI measurement logging or internal capabilities of the network node, to establish the SRB to be used by the user equipment for the reporting based on the configuration for CSI measurements logging being sent or based on the configured reporting condition being met; and send, based on the determination, the configuration of the SRB when the SRB is established.

16. The apparatus of claim 14 or 15, wherein the configured SRB is an SRB dedicated for reporting logged CSI measurement reports.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the configured SRB is SRB6.

18. The apparatus of claim 14 or 15, wherein the configured SRB is an SRB shared for carrying multiple types of measurement data including the logged CSI measurements.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the multiple types of data include logged measurement information or a protocol layer measurement report information.

20. The apparatus of claim 18 or 19, wherein the configured SRB is SRB2 or SRB4.

21. The apparatus of any of claims 14 to 20, further caused to: receive, from the user equipment based on the reporting condition being met, an indication of available logged CSI report over an SRB having a higher priority than the SRB to be used for the reporting; send, to the user equipment, a request for the logged CSI report based on the received indication; and receive, from the user equipment, the logged CSI report over the configured SRB based on the sent request.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the configuration of the SRB is sent to the user equipment based on reception of the indication of the available logged CSI report.

23. The apparatus of any of claims 14 to 22, wherein the logging event condition comprises at least one of the following measurement quantities:- layer 1 received signal reference power, Ll-RSRP;- layer 1 synchronization signal reference signal received power, LI SS-RSPS;- beam indices;- top-K best performance beams; or- beam predictions.

24. The apparatus of any of claims 14 to 23, wherein the logging event condition comprises at least one of the following:31- a time interval for logging the CSI measurements; or- an event trigger for logging the CSI measurements.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the event trigger is based on at least one of the following:- an aperiodical event;- a semipersi stent event;- a threshold for Ll-RSRP;- a beam set; or- a beam prediction accuracy.

26. The apparatus of any of claims 14 to 25, wherein the reporting condition is based on one of the following:- a memory threshold;- a time threshold; or- a time interval.

27. The apparatus of any of claims 14 to 26, further caused to: apply the received CSI measurements for offline training of an AI / ML model.

28. A method, comprising: receiving, by a user equipment from a network node, a configuration for channel status information, CSI measurements logging, wherein the configuration indicates at least one logging event condition for CSI measurements and at least one reporting condition for a logged CSI report; performing, by the user equipment, data collection of CSI measurements to be included in the logged CSI report based on the at least one logging event condition; detecting that the at least one reporting condition is met; determining, by the user equipment, based on the at least one reporting condition being met, an availability of a signaling radio bearer, SRB, for reporting the logged CSI report, wherein the SRB has a lower priority than SRB1; and based on determining that the SRB for reporting the logged CSI report is configured, sending, by the user equipment, the logged CSI report over the configured SRB.

29. A method comprising: sending, by a network node to a user equipment, a configuration for channel status information, CSI, measurements logging, wherein the configuration indicates at least one logging event condition for CSI measurements and at least one reporting condition for a logged CSI report; sending, by the network node to the user equipment, a configuration of a signaling radio bearer, SRB, for reporting logged CSI reports, wherein the SRB has a lower priority than SBR1 ; and receiving, by the network node from the user equipment, the logged CSI report comprising CSI measurements performed by the user equipment based on the at least one logging event condition, and wherein the logged CSI report is received over the configured SRB based on the at least one reporting condition being met.

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