Delta coding for various syntax elements and quantization parameters inference in dynamic mesh coding
Delta coding and quantization parameter inference in dynamic mesh coding optimize the compression and transmission of immersive video content by leveraging existing 2D video coding standards, addressing storage and bandwidth challenges through efficient processing of dynamic mesh data.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/125646
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-10-09
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies face challenges in efficiently compressing and transmitting large volumes of dynamic mesh data for immersive video content, as current 2D video coding standards are not optimized for this purpose, leading to high storage and bandwidth demands.
Implement delta coding for various syntax elements and quantization parameters inference in dynamic mesh coding, utilizing existing 2D video coding standards to compress dynamic mesh data, with a design that separates base mesh, displacement vectors, and texture maps, allowing for efficient processing and reduced complexity.
This approach reduces the complexity of implementing dynamic mesh coding systems, ensuring high throughput and coding efficiency by leveraging existing 2D video coding systems, thus addressing the storage and bandwidth challenges of dynamic mesh data.
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Figure CN2025125646_16042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Delta Coding For Various Syntax Elements And Quantization Parameters Inference In Dynamic Mesh CodingCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This patent application claims the benefit of International Patent App. No. PCT / CN2024 / 123708 filed on October 9, 2024, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to generation, storage, and consumption of digital audio video media information in a file format.BACKGROUND
[0003] Digital video accounts for the largest bandwidth used on the Internet and other digital communication networks. As the number of connected user devices capable of receiving and displaying video increases, the bandwidth demand for digital video usage is likely to continue to grow.SUMMARY
[0004] A first aspect relates to a method for processing media data, comprising: determining that a number of syntax elements representing motion vectors for vertices is not present in a bitstream and that the syntax elements have a value of 0; and performing a conversion between a visual media data and the bitstream based on the syntax elements.
[0005] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that the number of syntax elements is specified by a flag trailing syntax element in the bitstream.
[0006] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that the number of syntax elements minus N is included in a bsasemesh inter submesh data unit of the bitstream, and wherein N is a positive integer.
[0007] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that N is equal to 1.
[0008] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a number of subdivisions minus 1 is included in a displacement sequence parameter set of the bitstream.
[0009] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a number of extensions minus 1 is included in the bitstream.
[0010] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that the number of extensions minus 1 is coded using an unsigned exponential-Golomb-coded value of a variable number of bits (ue (v) ) .
[0011] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that the number of extensions minus 1 has a value in a range of 0 to 255, inclusive.
[0012] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that the number of extensions minus 1 is inferred to have a value of -1 when not present in the bitstream.
[0013] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that the number of extensions minus 1 is included in a basemesh sequence parameter set of the bitstream.
[0014] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that the number of extensions minus 1 is included in a displacemet sequence parameter set of the bitstream.
[0015] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a difference between a maximum match distance of an i-th frame and a maxiumum match distance of a j-th submesh in the i-th frame is indicated in a zippering suppelemental enhancement information (SEI) message.
[0016] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of the difference is coded using an unsigned exponential-Golomb-coded value of a variable number of bits (ue (v) ) .
[0017] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a difference between a maximum match distance of a j-th submesh in an i-th frame and a k-border in a j-th submesh in the i-th frame is indicated in a zippering suppelemental enhancement information (SEI) message.
[0018] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of the difference is coded using an unsigned exponential-Golomb-coded value of a variable number of bits (ue (v) ) .
[0019] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a number of indicated submeshs minus 1 is indicated in a submesh distortion indication suppelemental enhancement information (SEI) message.
[0020] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of the number of indicated submeshs minus 1 is non-negative.
[0021] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a number of indicated submeshs minus 1 is inferred to be equal to -1 when not present in the bitstream.
[0022] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a number of subdivision iteration is coded using an unsigned value of three bits (u (3) ) in a submesh distortion indication suppelemental enhancement information (SEI) message.
[0023] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that an inferred value is assigned to each quantization parameter.
[0024] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_lod_quantization_flag is inferred to be 0 when not present in the bitstream.
[0025] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_lod_quantization_flag is inferred to be 1 when not present in the bitstream.
[0026] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_bitdepth_offset is inferred to be N, and wherein N is an integer.
[0027] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that N is equal to 0.
[0028] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_quantization_parameters is inferred to be N, and wherein N is an integer from 0 to 100, inclusive.
[0029] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that N is 49.
[0030] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_log2_lod_inverse_scale is inferred to be N, and whereing N is a non-negative integer.
[0031] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that N is 1.
[0032] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag is inferred to be 0 when not present in the bitstream.
[0033] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag is inferred to be 1 when not present in the bitstream.
[0034] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag is inferred to be 0 when not present in the bitstream.
[0035] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag is inferred to be 1 when not present in the bitstream.
[0036] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_sign_delta is inferred to be N, and wherein N is an integer.
[0037] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that N is 1.
[0038] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec1_delta is inferred to be N, and wherein N is an integer.
[0039] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that N is 0.
[0040] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that a value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec2_delta is inferred to be N, and wherein N is an integer.
[0041] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that N is 0.
[0042] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that the conversion includes encoding the visual media data into the bitstream.
[0043] Optionally, in any of the preceding aspects, another implementation of the aspect provides that the conversion includes decoding the visual media data from the bitstream.
[0044] A second aspect relates to an apparatus for processing video data comprising: a processor; and a non-transitory memory with instructions thereon, wherein the instructions upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any of the disclosed aspects.
[0045] A third aspect relates to a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising a computer program product for use by a video coding device, the computer program product comprising computer executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable medium such that when executed by a processor cause the video coding device to perform the method of any of the disclosed aspects.
[0046] A fourth aspect relates a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by a video processing apparatus, wherein the method comprises: determining that a number of syntax elements representing motion vectors for vertices is not present in a bitstream and that the syntax elements have a value of 0; and generating a bitstream based on the determining.
[0047] A fifth aspect relates to a method for storing bitstream of a video, comprising: determining that a number of syntax elements representing motion vectors for vertices is not present in a bitstream and that the syntax elements have a value of 0; generating a bitstream based on the determining; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
[0048] A sixth aspect relates to a method, apparatus, or system described in the present disclosure.
[0049] For the purpose of clarity, any one of the foregoing embodiments may be combined with any one or more of the other foregoing embodiments to create a new embodiment within the scope of the present disclosure.
[0050] These and other features will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0051] For a more complete understanding of this disclosure, reference is now made to the following brief description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein like reference numerals represent like parts.
[0052] FIG. 1A illustrates an example volumetric media conversion at an encoder.
[0053] FIG. 1B illustrates an example volumetric media conversion at a decoder.
[0054] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a dynamic mesh coding test model.
[0055] FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example video processing system.
[0056] FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an example video processing apparatus.
[0057] FIG. 5 is a flowchart for an example method of video processing.
[0058] FIG. 6 is a block diagram that illustrates an example video coding system.
[0059] FIG. 7 is a block diagram that illustrates an example encoder.
[0060] FIG. 8 is a block diagram that illustrates an example decoder.
[0061] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an example encoder.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0062] It should be understood at the outset that although an illustrative implementation of one or more embodiments are provided below, the disclosed systems and / or methods may be implemented using any number of techniques, whether currently known or yet to be developed. The disclosure should in no way be limited to the illustrative implementations, drawings, and techniques illustrated below, including the exemplary designs and implementations illustrated and described herein, but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims along with their full scope of equivalents. 1. Initial discussion
[0063] This disclosure is related to improvements to motion picture experts group immersive (MPEG-I) video-based dynamic mesh coding. Specifically, it is related to using delta coding for various syntax elements and quantization parameters inference. It may be also applicable to other immersive video coding standards or codecs. 2. Further discussion
[0064] In computer graphics, a three dimensional (3D) / immersive content can usually be represented by a 3D mesh and a texture map. Those mesh and texture data can be generated by a machine or can be converted from images captured by multiple cameras from different angles. Similar to two-dimensional (2D) video, when those 3D contents change with time, the mesh and texture data also change and comprises a sequence of dynamic mesh. The data volume of dynamic mesh are usually huge and make it difficult to store and transmit. To meet the requirement of applications that use dynamic mesh, Motion Picture Expert Group (MPEG) in short, issued a call for proposal [1] . To efficiently use the 2D codecs that are already available, one of the key requirements is to use the current 2D video coding standard to compress most data and keep other parts simple and of low complexity. Such a requirement can guarantee that the representation can take advantages of the 2D video hardware / software systems, without many efforts to redesign a specific system just for dynamic mesh.
[0065] MPEG received 5 responses to the call for proposal. So based on the tested technologies, a test model was built for the development of the planned dynamic mesh coding standard.
[0066] The latest test model of dynamic mesh coding (V-DMC) until this disclosure is drafted can be found via this link http: / / mpegx. int-evry. fr / software / MPEG / dmc / mpeg-vmesh-tm / - / tags / v9.0; and the latest committee draft document is [2] . 2.1 Data representation in dynamic mesh coding
[0067] FIG. 1A illustrates an example volumetric media conversion at an encoder. FIG. 1B illustrates an example volumetric media conversion at a decoder. The 3D media is converted to a series of sub-bitstreams: basemesh, displacement, and attributes. Additional atlas information is also included in the bitstream to enable inverse reconstruction.
[0068] FIGs. 1A-1B illustrate volumetric media conversion at (a) encoder and reconstruction at (b) decoder side described in [2] . It can be seen that a dynamic mesh decoder receives 4 kinds of bitstreams and performs decoding to reconstruct the dynamic mesh plus texture signals. The first bitstream is to represent the base mesh, which is a decimated version of the original mesh. The second bitstream is to represent displacement vectors between the reconstructed base mesh and the original mesh. The displacement vectors are arranged as a 2D video and compressed with an 2D video coding standard compliant codec, or the displacement can also be coded using an arithmetic codec. The third bitstream is to represent the texture (or attribute map) . The attribute map is also arranged as a 2D video and compressed with an 2D video coding standard compliant codec. The design philosophy is to make the base mesh part small enough so that the module to process base mesh can be implemented simply. On the other hand, the displacement vectors and the attribute map accounts for most volume of the whole dynamic mesh data, which can be processed with the current dedicated highly efficient 2D video coding systems. Such a design can reduce the extra efforts to implement the dynamic mesh coding system and guarantee the high throughout and coding efficiency for the dynamic mesh data. 2.2 Test model of dynamic mesh coding
[0069] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a dynamic mesh coding test model. Figure 2 shows the structure of an example dynamic mesh coding model. In the model, Draco is used to compress base mesh and the HEVC test model, e.g., HM is used to compress displacement vectors and attribute map. However, it should be noted that other mesh or video coding systems can also be used in dynamic mesh coding.
[0070] The base mesh m is generated from the original mesh with a down-sampling scheme. Its quantized version m’ is then coded using Draco. The reconstrused base mesh m” can be obtained by inverse quantization of m’ . Displacement vectors d’ are generated by making the difference between the original mesh and the subdivided version of m” using a subdivision scheme. 2.3 Related syntax and semantics in dynamic mesh coding
[0071] The following descriptors specify the parsing process of each syntax element: –ae (v) : context-adaptive arithmetic entropy-coded syntax element. –se (v) : signed integer 0-th order Exp-Golomb-coded syntax element with the left bit first. –u (n) : unsigned integer using n bits. When n is "v" in the syntax table, the number of bits varies in a manner dependent on the value of other syntax elements. The parsing process for this descriptor is specified by the return value of the function read_bits (n ) interpreted as a binary representation of an unsigned integer with most significant bit written first. –ue (v) : unsigned integer 0-th order Exp-Golomb-coded syntax element with the left bit first. H.8.3.3.1.1 General basemesh sequence parameter set RBSP syntax H.8.5.1.1 General basemesh sequence parameter set RBSP semantics
[0072] bmsps_sequence_parameter_set_id provides an identifier for the basemesh sequence parameter set for reference by other syntax elements.
[0073] bmsps_max_sub_layers_minus1 plus 1 specifies the maximum number of temporal sub-layers that may be present in each CBMS referring to the BMSPS. The value of bmsps_max_sub_layers_minus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 6, inclusive.
[0074] NOTE –The value of bmsps_max_sub_layers_minus1 is equal to 0, for this version of the specification.
[0075] bmsps_intra_mesh_codec_id indicates a mapping index of a codec identifier of the static mesh decoder used to decode the static basemesh subbitstream. bmsps_intra_mesh_codec_id shall be in the range of 0 to 255, inclusive. This decoder may be identified through the profiles defined in Annex H. 11, or by a component codec mapping SEI message, or through means outside this document.
[0076] bmsps_inter_mesh_codec_id indicates a mapping index of a codec identifier of the decoder used to decode the motion data. bmsps_inter_mesh_codec_id shall be in the range of 0 to 255, inclusive. This decoder may be identified through the profiles defined in Annex H. 11, or by a component codec mapping SEI message, or through means outside this document.
[0077] bmsps_geometry_3d_bit_depth_minus1 plus 1 indicates the bit depth of the geometry coordinates of the reconstructed basemesh. bmsps_geometry_3d_bit_depth_minus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 31, inclusive.
[0078] bmsps_inter_mesh_max_num_mvp_cand_minus1 plus 1 indicates the maximum number of motion vector predictor candidate. bmsps_inter_mesh_max_num_mvp_cand_minus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 2, inclusive.
[0079] bmsps_mesh_attribute_count indicates the number of attributes associated with the basemesh. bmsps_mesh_attribute_count shall be in the range of 0 to 127, inclusive.
[0080] bmsps_mesh_attribute_index [i] indicates the index of the mesh attribute in the static mesh sub-bitstream associated to the i-th basemesh attribute. bmsps_mesh_attribute_index [i] shall be in the range of 0 to 127, inclusive.
[0081] bmsps_mesh_attribute_type_id [i] indicates the attribute type of the attribute with index i for the basemesh. Table H-2 describes the list of supported attribute types and their relationship with bmsps_mesh_attribute_type_id [i] . Table H-2 -Relation between bmsps_mesh_attribute_type_id and attribute type
[0082] bmsps_mesh_attribute_dimension_minus1 [i] plus 1 specifies the dimensions for i-th basemesh attribute. bmsps_mesh_attribute_dimension_minus1 [i] shall be in the range of 0 to 63, inclusive.
[0083] The value for bmsps_mesh_attribute_dimension_minus1 plus 1 for bmsps_mesh_attribute_type_id equal to 0 i.e. ATTR_COLOR shall be less than or equal to 4.
[0084] The value for bmsps_mesh_attribute_dimension_minus1 plus 1 for bmsps_mesh_attribute_type_id equal to 1 i.e. ATTR_MATERIAL_ID shall be 1.
[0085] The value for bmsps_mesh_attribute_dimension_minus1 plus 1 for bmsps_mesh_attribute_type_id equal to 2 i.e. ATTR_TRANSPARENCY shall be 1.
[0086] The value for bmsps_mesh_attribute_dimension_minus1 plus 1 for bmsps_mesh_attribute_type_id equal to 3 i.e. ATTR_REFLECTANCE shall be 1.
[0087] The value for bmsps_mesh_attribute_dimension_minus1 plus 1 for bmsps_mesh_attribute_type_id equal to 4 i.e. ATTR_NORMAL shall be either 1 or 3.
[0088] The value for bmsps_mesh_attribute_dimensions_minus1 plus 1 for bmsps_mesh_attribute_type_id equal to 5 i.e. ATTR_TEXCOORD shall be 2.
[0089] The value for bmsps_mesh_attribute_dimensions_minus1 plus 1 for bmsps_mesh_attribute_type_id equal to 6 i.e. ATTR_FACEGROUP_ID shall be 1.
[0090] bmsps_attribute_bit_depth_minus1 [i] plus 1 indicates the bit depth of the attribute with index i for the mesh. bmsps_attribute_bit_depth_minus1 [i] shall be in the range of 0 to 31, inclusive.
[0091] bmsps_attribute_msb_align_flag [i] indicates how the decoded attribute samples in the basemesh for the attribute with index i are converted to attribute samples at the nominal attribute bit depth.
[0092] bmsps_intra_mesh_post_reindex_method indicates a method to use to reorder indices coming from the static mesh coder before motion estimation. Table H-3describes the list of supported methods. Table H-3 -Basemesh post reindex methods
[0093] bmsps_log2_max_mesh_frame_order_cnt_lsb_minus4 plus 4 specifies the values of the variables Log2MaxMeshFrmOrderCntLsb and MaxMeshFrmOrderCntLsb that are used in the decoding process for the basemesh frame order count as follows: Log2MaxMeshFrmOrderCntLsb = bmsps_log2_max_mesh_frame_order_cnt_lsb_minus4 + 4 MaxMeshFrmOrderCntLsb = 2Log2MaxMeshFrmOrderCntLsb
[0094] The value of bmsps_log2_max_mesh_frame_order_cnt_lsb_minus4 shall be in the range of 0 to 12, inclusive.
[0095] bmsps_max_dec_mesh_frame_buffering_minus1 plus 1 specifies the maximum required size of the decoded basemesh frame buffer for the CBMS in units of basemesh frame storage buffers. The value of bmps_max_dec_mesh_frame_buffering_minus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 15, inclusive.
[0096] bmsps_max_num_reorder_frames specifies the maximum allowed number of frames that can precede any frame in in decoding order and follow that frame in output order for the CBMS. The value of bmsps_max_num_reorder_frames shall be in the range of 0 to bmsps_max_dec_mesh_frame_buffering_minus1, inclusive.
[0097] bmsps_max_latency_increase_plus1 not equal to 0 is used to compute the value of MaxLatencyBaseMeshFrames, which specifies the maximum number of frames that can precede any frame in output order and follow that picture in decoding order for the CBMS.
[0098] When bmsps_max_latency_increase_plus1 is not equal to 0, the value of MaxLatencyBaseMeshFrames is specified as follows: MaxLatencyBaseMeshFrames = bmsps_max_num_reorder_frames + bmsps_max_latency_increase_plus1 -1
[0099] When bmsps_max_latency_increase_plus1 is equal to 0, no corresponding limit is expressed. The value of bmsps_max_latency_increase_plus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 2^32 -2, inclusive.
[0100] bmsps_long_term_ref_mesh_frames_flag equal to 0 specifies that no long-term reference basemesh frame is used for inter prediction of any coded basemesh frame in the CBMS. bmsps_long_term_ref_mesh_frames_flag equal to 1 specifies that long term reference basemesh frames may be used for inter prediction of one or more coded basemesh frames in the CBMS.
[0101] bmsps_num_ref_mesh_frame_lists_in_bmsps specifies the number of the bmesh_ref_list _struct (rlsIdx ) syntax structures included in the basemesh sequence parameter set. The value of bmsps_num_ref_mesh_frame_lists_in_bmsps shall be in the range of 0 to 64, inclusive.
[0102] NOTE –A decoder allocates memory for a total number of bmesh_ref_list_struct (rlsIdx ) syntax structures equal to (bmsps_num_ref_mesh_frame_lists_in_bmsps + 1) since there can be one bmesh_ref_list_struct (rlsIdx ) syntax structure directly signalled in the base submesh headers of the current base submesh.
[0103] bmsps_inter_mesh_motion_group_size_minus1 plus 1 specifies the size of vertices grouping in motion vector coding. bmsps_inter_mesh_motion_group_size_minus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 255, inclusive.
[0104] bmsps_inter_mesh_max_num_neighbours_minus1 plus 1 specifies the maximum number of vertex neighbours to use in the calculation of motion vector predictor. bmsps_inter_mesh_max_num_neighbours_minus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 7, inclusive.
[0105] bmsps_codec_specific_parameters_present_flag equal to 1 specifies that additional mesh codec prefix data is present in the basemesh sequence parameter set. bmsps_codec_specific_parameters_present_flag equal to 0 specifies that additional mesh codec prefix data is not present in the basemesh sequence parameter set.
[0106] bmsps_mesh_codec_prefix_length_minus1 plus 1, when present, specifies the length in bytes, MeshCodecPrefixLength, that follow this syntax element. MeshCodecPrefixLength is computed as follows: MeshCodecPrefixLength = bmsps_mesh_codec_prefix_length_minus1 + 1
[0107] bmsps_mesh_codec_prefix_data_byte [i] contains the i-th byte of MeshCodecPrefixData. The first byte, i equal 0, contains most significant, left-most byte of MeshCodecPrefixData. MeshCodecPrefixData contains MeshCodecPrefixLength bytes.
[0108] The basemesh decoder shall concatenate data contained in MeshCodecPrefixData and data contained in associated bm_intra_submesh_unit () syntax element and pass the concatenated data to the mesh decoder to decode the sub-mesh of type I_SUBMESH.
[0109] bmsps_extension_present_flag equal to 1 specifies that bmsps_extension_count_minus1 is present in bmesh_sequence_parameter_set_rbsp () syntax structure.
[0110] bmsps_extension_count specifies the number of BMSPS extensions present in the bmesh_sequence_parameter_set () syntax structure. When not present bmsps_extension_count is inferred to be equal to 0. When bmsps_extension_count is equal to 0, then BmspsExtensionsLength, which specifies the cumulative length in bytes of all extensions that would have otherwise followed this syntax element, is equal to 0.
[0111] bmsps_extensions_length_minus1, when present, specifies the cumulative length in bytes, BmspsExtensionsLength, for all extensions that follow this syntax element. BmspsExtensionsLength is computed as follows:
[0112] It is a requirement, when bmsps_extension_count is not equal to 0, that BmspsExtensionsLength is equal to 3 *bmsps_extension_count plus the sum of all bmsps_extension_length [i] .
[0113] bmsps_extension_type [i] indicates the BMSPS extension type for the extension with index i as specified in Table H-4. Values indicated as reserved are reserved for future use by ISO / IEC and shall not be present in bitstreams conforming to this version of this document. Decoders conforming to this version of this document should ignore such reserved extensions. It is a requirement that a particular bmsps_extension_type [i] value shall only be present once in an entire BMSPS, while the order of extensions does not matter. Table H-4 -Basmesh extension types
[0114] bmsps_extension_length [i] specifies the number of bytes used to represent the payload size of the syntax structure of the associated extension with index i. If bmsps_extension_length [i] is equal to 0, no extension payload is present for the extension with index i. Otherwise, the extension with index i shall have a payload size in bits in the range of 8 * (bmsps_extension_length [i] –1 ) + 1 to 8 *bmsps_extension_length [i] , inclusive. H.8.3.3.14 Basemesh inter submesh data unit syntax H.8.5.8.1 Basemesh inter submesh data unit default semantics
[0115] bmidu_vertex_count [submeshID] indicates the number of vertices of submesh with submesh Id, submeshID.
[0116] bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_last1pos [submeshID] specifies the number of bmidu_mv_signalled_flag in the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID.
[0117] bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_trailing0 [submeshID] specifies that bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_trailing0 BmiduMvFlag values are derived to be equal to 0 in the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID.
[0118] It is a requirement of bitstream conformance that if bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_last1pos [submeshID] plus bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_trailing0 [submeshID] is larger than 0 for a submesh with submesh ID equal to submeshID, mesh_deduplicate_method, if present in the corresponding intra submesh data unit, shall be equal to MESH_POSITION_DEDUP_NONE.
[0119] It is a requirement of bitstream conformance that bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_last1pos [submeshID] plus bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_trailing0 [submeshID] is smaller than bmidu_vertex_count [submeshID] .
[0120] bmidu_mv_signalled_flag [submeshID] [d ] indicates a motion vector for the vertex with index d, whose output of findIndexInArray () is not -1, is present in the bitstream. bmidu_mv_signalled_flag [submeshID] [d ] is used to derive BmiduMvFlag [submeshID] [v] variable, which indicates that a motion vector for the vertex with index v is present in the bitstream.
[0121] The BmiduMvFlag [submeshID] [v] variable is derived as follows: where findIndexInArray () function is defined in subclause H. 5.
[0122] bmidu_skip_group_flag [submeshID] [g] equal to 1 specifies a motion vector associated with vertices in the group with index g of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID, is skipped. bmidu_skip_group_flag [submeshID] [g] equal to 0 specifies a motion vector associated with vertices in the group with index g of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID, is not skipped. When not present, bmidu_skip_group_flag [submeshID] [g] is inferred to be equal to 0.
[0123] bmidu_skip_group_comp_flag [subMeshID] [g] [k] equal to 1 specifies the k-th motion vector component, associated with vertices in the group with index g of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to subMeshID, is inferred to be equal to 0. When bmidu_skip_group_comp_flag [subMeshID] [g] [k] is not present, bmidu_skip_group_comp_flag [subMeshID] [g] [k] is inferred to be equal to 0.
[0124] When bmidu_skip_group_flag [submeshID] [g] is equal to 0 and when the value of k is equal to 2 and bmidu_skip_group_comp_flag [subMeshID] [g] [0] and bmidu_skip_group_comp_flag [subMeshID] [g] [1] are both equal to 1, bmidu_skip_group_comp_flag [subMeshID] [g] [2] shall be equal to 0.
[0125] bmidu_mv_pred_mode_group [subMeshID] [g] [k] specifies the method used to predict the motion vector of the k-th motion vector component, associated with vertices in the group with index g of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to subMeshID. The value of bmidu_mv_pred_mode_group [subMeshID] [g] [k] shall be in the range of 0 to 2 Table H-6 -Name association to bmidu_mv_pred_mode_group
[0126] bmidu_mv_residual_abs_gt0 [submeshID] [v] [k] equal to 1 specifies the k-th component of the motion vector prediction residual associated with the vertex with index v of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID has a value higher than 0. bmidu_mv_residual_abs_gt0 [subMeshID] [v] [k] equal to 0 indicates the k-th component of the motion vector prediction residual associated with the vertex with index v of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to subMeshID, has a value equal to 0.
[0127] bmidu_mv_residual_sign [submeshID] [v] [k] equal to 1 specifies whether the k-th component of the motion vector prediction residual associated with the vertex with index v of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID has a value greater or equal to 0. bmidu_mv_residual_sign [submeshID] [v] [k] equal to 0 specifies the k-th component of the motion vector prediction residual associated with the vertex with index v of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID has a value less than 0, When bmidu_mv_residual_sign [v] [k] is not present it shall be inferred to be equal to 1.
[0128] bmidu_mv_residual_abs_gt1 [submeshID] [v] [k] specifies whether the k-th component of the motion vector prediction residual associated with the vertex with index v of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID has an absolute value higher than one (when 1) , or not (when 0) . If bmidu_mv_residual_abs_gt1 [v] [k] is not present it shall be inferred to be equal to 0.
[0129] bmidu_mv_residual_abs_rem [submeshID] [v] [k] specifies the absolute value of the k-th component of the motion vector prediction residual associated with the vertex with index v of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID. When bmidu_mv_residual_abs_rem [v] [k] is not present it shall be inferred to be equal to 0.
[0130] The k-th component of the motion vector prediction residual VertexMotionVectorResiduals [v] [k] associated with the vertex with index v of the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID is computed as follows: VertexMotionVectorResiduals [v] [k] = bmidu_mv_residual_sign [v] [k ] ? 1 : -1) * (bmidu_mv_residual_abs_gt0 [v] [k] + bmidu_mv_residual_abs_gt1 [v] [k] + bmidu_mv_residual_abs_rem [v] [k] ) F.2.3 Zippering supplemental enhancement information (SEI) payload syntax F.3.3 Zippering SEI payload semantics
[0131] This SEI message specifies the recommended zippering methods and their associated parameters that could be used to process the vertices of the current mesh frame after it is reconstructed, so as to obtain improved reconstructed geometry quality.
[0132] Up to 256 different zippering instances could be specified for use with each mesh frame. These instances are indicated using an array ZipperingMethod. The zippering instance that a decoder may select to operate in, is outside the scope of this document.
[0133] At the start of each sequence, let ZipperingMethod [i] be set equal to 0, where i corresponds to the zippering instance index and is in the range of 0 to 255, inclusive. When ZipperingMethod [i] is equal to 0 it means that no zippering filter is indicated for the zippering instance with index i.
[0134] zp_persistence_flag specifies the persistence of the zippering SEI message for the current layer. zp_persistence_flag equal to 0 specifies that the zippering SEI message applies to the current decoded atlas frame only.
[0135] Let aFrmA be the current atlas frame. zp_persistence_flag equal to 1 specifies that the zippering SEI message persists for the current layer in output order until any of the following conditions are true: A new CAS begins. The bitstream ends. An atlas frame aFrmB in the current layer in a coded atlas access unit containing a zippering SEI message with the same value of zp_persistence_flag and applicable to the current layer is output for which AtlasFrmOrderCnt (aFrmB) is greater than AtlasFrmOrderCnt (aFrmA) , where AtlasFrmOrderCnt (aFrmB) and AtlasFrmOrderCnt (aFrmA) are the AtlasFrmOrderCntVal values of aFrmB and aFrmA, respectively, immediately after the invocation of the decoding process for atlas frame order count for aFrmB.
[0136] zp_reset_flag equal to 1 resets all entries in the array ZipperingMethod to 0 and all parameters associated with this SEI message are set to their default values.
[0137] zp_instances_updated specifies the number of zippering instances that will be updated in the current zippering SEI message.
[0138] zp_instance_index [i] indicates the i-th zippering instance index in the array ZipperingMethod that is to be updated by the current SEI message.
[0139] zp_instance_cancel_flag [k] equal to 1 indicates that the value of ZipperingMethod [k] and that all parameters associated with the zippering instance with index k should be set to 0 and to their default values, respectively.
[0140] zp_method_type [k] indicates the zippering method, ZipperingMethod [k] , that can be used for processing the current mesh frame as specified in Table F-2 for zippering instance with index k. Table F-2 -Definition of zp_method_type [k]
[0141] Values of zp_method_type [k] greater than 3 are reserved for future use by ISO / IEC. It is a requirement of bitstream conformance that bitstreams conforming to this version of this document shall not contain such values of zp_method_type [k] . Decoders shall ignore zippering SEI messages that contain reserved values of zp_method_type [k] . The default value of zp_method_type [k] is equal to 0.
[0142] zp_max_match_distance [k] specifies the value of the variable zipperingMaxMatchDistance [k] used for processing the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering filtering process is used.
[0143] zp_send_distance_per_submesh [k] equal to 1 specifies that zippering by transmitting matching distance per submesh is applied to border points for the zippering instance with index k. zp_send_distance_per_submesh [k] equal to 0 specifies that zippering by matching distance per submesh is not applied to border points for the zippering instance with index k. The default value of zp_send_distance_per_submesh [k] is equal to 0.
[0144] zp_number_of_submeshes_minus1 [k] plus 1 indicates the number of submeshes that are to be zippered by the current SEI message. The value of zp_number_of_submeshes_minus1 shall be in the range from 0 to MaxNumSubmeshes [frameIdx] -1, inclusive. The default value of zp_number_of_submeshes_minus1 is equal to 0
[0145] zp_max_match_distance_per_submesh [k] [p] specifies the value of the variable zipperingMaxMatchDistancePerPatch [k] [p] used for processing the current submesh with index p in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used. The length of the zp_max_match_distance_per_submesh [k] [p] syntax element is Ceil (Log2 (zp_max_match_distance [k] ) ) bits.
[0146] zp_send_distance_per_border_point [k] equal to 1 specifies that zippering by transmitting matching distance per border point is applied to border points for the zippering instance with index k. zp_send_distance_per_border_point [k] equal to 0 specifies that zippering by matching distance per border point is not applied to border points for the zippering instance with index k. The default value of zp_send_distance_per_border_point [k] is equal to 0.
[0147] zp_number_of_border_points [k] [p] indicates the number of border points numBorderPoints [p] of a submesh with index p, in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used.
[0148] zp_border_point_distance [k] [p] [b] specifies the value of the variable zipperingMaxMatchDistancePerBorderPoint [k] [p] [b] used for processing the current border point with index b, in the current submesh with index p, in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used. The length of the zp_border_point_distance [k] [p] [b] syntax element is Ceil (Log2 (zp_max_match_distance_per_submesh [k] [p] ) ) bits.
[0149] zp_send_distance_per_submesh_pair [k] equal to 1 specifies that zippering by transmitting matching distance per sub-mesh pair is applied to border points for the zippering instance with index k. zp_send_distance_per_submesh_pair [k] equal to 0 specifies that zippering by matching distance per submesh pair is not applied to border points for the zippering instance with index k. The default value of zp_send_distance_per_submesh_pair [k] is equal to 0.
[0150] zp_linear_submesh_segmentation [k] equal to 1 specifies that submesh with index submeshIdx in the range from 0 to MaxNumSubmeshes [frameIdx] -1, inclusive, in current mesh frame can only have mutual border vertices with submeshes with index of submeshIdx -1 and submeshIdx + 1, when submeshIdx -1 is equal to or greater than 0 and submeshIdx+1 is equal to or less than MaxNumSubmeshes [frameIdx] -1. zp_linear_submesh_segmentation [k] equal to 0 specifies that submeshes may have different mutual border vertices. The default value of zp_linear_submesh_segmentation [k] is equal to 1.
[0151] zp_max_match_distance_per_submesh_pair [k] [p] [n] specifies the value of the variable zipperingMaxMatchDistancePerPatchPair [k] [p] [n] used for processing the pair of current submesh with index p and another submesh with index n+p+1 in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used. The length of the zp_max_match_distance_per_submesh_pair [k] [p] [n] syntax element is Ceil (Log2 (zp_max_match_distance [k] ) bits.
[0152] zp_unmatched_lod_vertices_method_type [k] indicates the identifier of the rectification method that can be used for processing the vertices generated by unmatched LODs in the current mesh frame as specified in Table F-3for zippering instance with index k. Table F-3 -Rectification methods for unmatched LODs vertices
[0153] Values of zp_unmatched_lod_vertices_method_type [k] greater than 2 are reserved for future use by ISO / IEC. It is a requirement of bitstream conformance that bitstreams conforming to this version of this document shall not contain such values of zp_unmatched_lod_vertices_method_type [k] . Decoders shall ignore zippering SEI messages that contain reserved values of zp_unmatched_lod_vertices_method_type [k] . The default value of zp_unmatched_lod_vertices_method_type [k] is equal to 0.
[0154] zp_delta_flag [k] equal to 1 specifies that the submesh index and the border index of the matched border point are signalled with zp_border_point_match_submesh_index_delta [k] [p] [b] and zp_border_point_match_border_point_index_delta [k] [p] [b] , respectively, in the current mesh frame for the zippering instance with index k. zp_delta_flag [k] equal to 0 specifies that the submesh and the border index of the matched border point are signalled with zp_border_point_match_submesh_index [k] [p] [b] and zp_border_point_match_border_point_index [k] [p] [b] , respectively, in the current mesh frame for the zippering instance with index k.
[0155] zp_border_point_match_submesh_index_delta [k] [p] [b] specifies the difference between the submesh index of the matched border point, for the current border point with index b, in the submesh with index p, in the current mesh frame for the zippering instance with index k and the previously decoded submesh index of the matched border point.
[0156] zp_border_point_match_border_point_index_delta [k] [p] [b] specifies the difference between the border index of the matched border point, for the current border point with index b, in the submesh with index p, in the current mesh frame for the zippering instance with index k and the previously decoded border index of the matched border point.
[0157] zp_border_point_match_submesh_index [k] [p] [b] specifies the submesh index of the matched border point, for the current border point with index b, in the current submesh with index p, in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used. The length of the zp_border_point_match_submesh_index [k] [p] [b] syntax element is Ceil (Log2 (zp_number_of_submeshes_minus1 [k] + 2 ) ) bits.
[0158] zp_border_point_match_border_point_index [k] [p] [b] specifies the border index of the matched border point, for the current border point with index b, in the current patch with index p, in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering filtering process is used. The length of the zp_border_point_match_border_point_index [k] [p] [b] syntax element is Ceil (Log2 (zp_number_of_border_points [k] [zp_border_point_match_submesh_index [k] [p] [b] ] ) ) bits.
[0159] zp_number_of_cracks_per_submesh [k] [p] indicates the number of cracks area of a submesh with index p, in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used.
[0160] zp_crack_start_point [k] [p] [c ] indicates the starting point information of the crack area with index c of a submesh with index p, in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used.
[0161] zp_crack_order_point [k] [p] [c ] indicates the order point information of the crack area with index c of a submesh with index p, in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used.
[0162] zp_crack_index_information [k] [p] [c ] indicates the crack index information of the crack area with index c of a submesh with index p, in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used. F.2.5 Submesh distortion indication SEI payload syntax F.3.5 Submesh distortion indication SEI message semantics
[0163] This SEI message indicates the number of vertices of original submesh and the similarity of the basemesh and original mesh at each subdivision iterations so that the decoder can estimate the loss of quality of decoded submesh. In some cases, reconstruction process can be stopped at certain number of iterations by using similarity information provided by this SEI message when estimated quality of reconstructed submesh is sufficient for intended use.
[0164] sdi_number_of_submesh_indicated indicates the number of submesh similarity information signalled by this SEI message.
[0165] sdi_submesh_id_length_minus1 plus 1 specifies the number of bits used to represent the syntax element sdi_submesh_id [i] .
[0166] sdi_submesh_id [i] indicates the identifier of the i-th submesh. The number of bits used to represent sdi_submesh_id [i] is sdi_submesh_id_length_minus1 + 1.
[0167] sdi_number_of_vertices_of_original_submesh [i] indicates the number of vertices of original submesh
[0168] sdi_subdivision_iteration_count [i] indicates the number of subdivision iteration to be applied to generate reconstructed basemesh.
[0169] sdi_number_of_distortion_indicated_minus1 [i] plus 1 indicates the number of distortion associated with i-th submesh signalled by this SEI message.
[0170] sdi_distortion_metrics_type [i] [j] indicates the type of distortion metric for the j-th distortion of the i-th submesh. Available types are listed in Table F-4. Table F-4 -Metric distortion
[0171] sdi_distortion [i] [j] [k] indicates the j-th distortion metric between original mesh and reconstructed j-th submesh after k-th subdivision iteration is done. J.7.1.2.1.1 General displacement sequence parameter set RBSP syntax J.7.2.2.1.1 General displacement sequence parameter set RBSP semantics
[0172] dsps_sequence_parameter_set_id provides an identifier for the displacement sequence parameter set for reference by other syntax elements.
[0173] dsps_codec_id indicates the identifier of the codec used to compress the displacement. dsps_codec_id shall be in the range of 0 to 255, inclusive. This codec may be identified through the profiles defined in Annex J. 10, a component codec mapping SEI message, or through means outside this document. It may be associated with a specific displacement codec through the profiles specified in the corresponding specification, or could be explicitly indicated with an SEI message as is done in the V3C specification for the video sub-bitstreams.
[0174] dsps_single_dimension_flag indicates the number of dimensions for the displacements associated with the displacements. dsps_single_dimension_flag equal to 0 indicates three components for the displacements are used. dsps_single_dimension_flag equal to 1 indicates only normal component for the displacements is used. The variable MaxDimension is derived as follows: MaxDimension = dsps_single_dimension_flag ? 1 : 3
[0175] dsps_msb_align_flag indicates how the decoded displacement samples are converted to samples at the displacement range bit depth as specified in B. 2.8.
[0176] dsps_log2_max_displ_frame_order_cnt_lsb_minus4 plus 4 specifies the values of the variables Log2MaxDisplFrmOrderCntLsb and MaxDisplFrmOrderCntLsb that are used in the decoding process for the displacement frame order count as follows: Log2MaxDisplFrmOrderCntLsb = dsps_log2_max_displ_frame_order_cnt_lsb_minus4 + 4 MaxDisplFrmOrderCntLsb = 2Log2MaxDisplFrmOrderCntLsb
[0177] The value of dsps_log2_max_displ_frame_order_cnt_lsb_minus4 shall be in the range of 0 to 12, inclusive.
[0178] dsps_max_dec_displ_frame_buffering_minus1 plus 1 specifies the maximum required size of the decoded displacement frame buffer for the CDS in units of displacement frame storage buffers. The value of dsps_max_dec_displ_frame_buffering_minus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 15, inclusive.
[0179] dsps_max_num_reorder_frames specifies the maximum allowed number of frames that can precede any frame in in decoding order and follow that frame in output order for the CDS. The value of dsps_max_num_reorder_frames shall be in the range of 0 to bmsps_max_dec_mesh_frame_buffering_minus1, inclusive.
[0180] dsps_max_latency_increase_plus1 not equal to 0 is used to compute the value of MaxLatencyDisplacementFrames, which specifies the maximum number of frames that can precede any frame in output order and follow that picture in decoding order for the CDS.
[0181] When dsps_max_latency_increase_plus1 is not equal to 0, the value of MaxLatencyDisplacementFrames is specified as follows: MaxLatencyDisplacementFrames = dsps_max_num_reorder_frames + dsps_max_latency_increase_plus1 -1
[0182] When dsps_max_latency_increase_plus1 is equal to 0, no corresponding limit is expressed. The value of dsps_max_latency_increase_plus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 2^32 -2, inclusive.
[0183] dsps_long_term_ref_displ_frames_flag equal to 0 specifies that no long-term reference displacement is used for inter prediction of any coded displacement frame in the CDS. dsps_long_term_ref_displ_frames_flag equal to 1 specifies that long term reference displacement frames may be used for inter prediction of one or more coded displacement frames in the CDS.
[0184] dsps_num_ref_displ_frame_lists_in_dsps specifies the number of the displ_ref_list_struct (rlsIdx ) syntax structures included in the displacement sequence parameter set. The value of dsps_num_ref_displ_frame_lists_in_dsps shall be in the range of 0 to 64, inclusive.
[0185] NOTE –A decoder allocates memory for a total number of displ_ref_list_struct (rlsIdx ) syntax structures equal to (dsps_num_ref_displ_frame_lists_in_dsps + 1) since there can be one displ_ref_list_struct (rlsIdx ) syntax structure directly signalled in the a displacement headers of the current displacement frame.
[0186] dsps_geometry_3d_bit_depth_minus1 plus 1 indicates the bit depth of the geometry coordinates of the reconstructed volumetric content. dsps_geometry_3d_bit_depth_minus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 31, inclusive.
[0187] dsps_subdivision_method indicates the identifier of the method to subdivide the meshes associated with the current dsps sequence parameter set. Table 2 describes the list of supported subdivision methods and their relationship with dsps_subdivision_method.
[0188] dsps_subdivision_iteration_count indicates the number of iterations used for the subdivision. When not present the value of dsps_subdivision_iteration_count is inferred to be equal to 0.
[0189] dsps_displacement_reference_qp_minus49 plus 49 specifies the initial value of QuantizationParameter for current frame. The value of asve_displacement_reference_qp_minus49 shall be in the range of -48 to +51, inclusive. When not present dsps_displacement_reference_qp_minus49 is set to be equal to 0.
[0190] dsps_extension_present_flag equal to 1 specifies that dsps_extension_count is present in the displacement sequence parameter set.
[0191] dsps_extension_count specifies the number of extensions present in the current displacement sequence parameter set. When not present, dsps_extension_count is inferred to be equal to 0.
[0192] dsps_extensions_length_minus1 when present, specifies the cumulative length in bytes, DspsExtensionsLength, for all extensions that follow this syntax element. DspsExtensionsLength is computed as follows:
[0193] It is a requirement, when dsps_extension_count is not equal to 0, that DspsExtensionsLength is equal to 3 *dsps_extension_count plus the sum of all dsps_extension_length [i] .
[0194] dsps_extension_type [i] indicates the DSPS extension type for the extension with index i as specified in Table J-1. Values indicated as reserved are reserved for future use by ISO / IEC and shall not be present in bitstreams conforming to this version of this document. Decoders conforming to this version of this document should ignore such reserved extensions. It is a requirement that a particular dsps_extension_type [i] value shall only be present once in an entire DSPS, while the order of extensions does not matter. Table J-1 -DSPS extension types
[0195] dsps_extension_length [i] specifies the number of bytes used to represent the payload size of the syntax structure of the associated extension with index i. If dsps_extension_length [i] is equal to 0, no extension payload is present for the extension with index i. Otherwise, the extension with index i shall have a payload size in bits in the range of 8 * (dsps_extension_length [i] –1 ) + 1 to 8 *dsps_extension_length [i] , inclusive. V-DMC quantization parameters 8.3.6.1.4 Quantization parameters syntax 8.4.6.1.4 Quantization parameters semantics
[0196] vqp_lod_quantization_flag [qpIndex] equal to 1 indicates that the quantization parameter will be sent per level-of-detail using delta coding. vqp_lod_quantization_flag [qpIndex] equal to 0 indicates that the quantization parameter will be the same for all level-of-details. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set.
[0197] vqp_bitdepth_offset [qpIndex] indicates the bit depth offset value applied to the quantization process of the displacements. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set.
[0198] vqp_quantization_parameters [qpIndex] [k] indicates the quantization parameter to be used for the inverse quantization of the kth-component of the displacements. The value of vqp_quantization_parameters [qpIndex] [k] shall be in the range of 0 to 100, inclusive. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set.
[0199] vqp_log2_lod_inverse_scale [qpIndex] [k] indicates the scaling factor applied to the quantization process of the kth-component of the displacements for each level of detail. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set.
[0200] vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_value [qpIndex] [i] [k] specifies the absolute difference of quantization parameter value between the value asve_displacement_reference_qp_minus49 + 49 and the quantization parameter for the ith-layer and kth-component. When not present, the value of vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_value [qpIndex] [i] [k] is inferred as 0. The value of QuantizationParameter of each LoD layer shall be in the range of 0 to 100. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set.
[0201] vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_sign [qpIndex] [i] [k] specifies the sign of difference of quantization parameter value between the value asve_displacement_reference_qp_minus49 + 49 and the quantization parameter for the ith-layer and kth-component. vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_sign [qpIndex] [i] [k] equal to 0 indicate the difference is positive. vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter _sign [qpIndex] [i] [k] equal to 1 indicate the difference is negative. When not present, the value of vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_sign [qpIndex] [i] [k] is inferred as 0. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set.
[0202] vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag [qpIndex] equal to 1 indicates that the inverse scale factor is derived from the signaled displacement quantization parameter directly and computed as follows: InverseScale [qpIndex] [i] [k] = 1 ÷ Clip3 (1, 100, QuantizationParameter [qpIndex] [i] [k] )
[0203] vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag [qpIndex] equal to 0 indicates that the inverse scale factor shall be computed as follows: bitDepthPosition = asps_geometry_3d_bit_depth_minus1 + 1 InverseScale [qpIndex] [i] [k] = pow (0.5, 16 + vqp_bitdepth_offset [qpIndex] – bitDepthPosition + (4 –QuantizationParameter [qpIndex] [i] [k] ) ÷ 6)
[0204] qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set.
[0205] vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag [qpIndex] equal to 0 specifies that the inverse quantization offset may not be applied for compensating the inverse quantized wavelet-transformed coefficients of the displacement. vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag [qpIndex] equal to 1 specifies that the inverse quantization offset is applied for compensating the inverse quantized wavelet-transformed coefficients of the displacement.
[0206] vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_sign_delta [qpIndex] [i] [j] [k] indicates the difference of signs of the inverse quantization offset value which is used for compensating the inverse quantized wavelet-transformed displacement coefficients, located in zone k (dead-zone: 0, non-dead-zone-positive: 1, non-dead-zone-negative: 2) , with displacement dimension j, between LoD i and LoD i-1 when i is non-zero value. When i is zero, it indicates the absolute value for the sign.
[0207] vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec1_delta [qpIndex] [i] [j] [k] indicates difference of the values of the inverse quantization offset value for a first precision level located in zone k (dead-zone: 0, non-dead-zone-positive: 1, non-dead-zone-negative: 2) , with displacement dimension j, between LoD i and LoD i-1 when i is non-zero value. When i is zero, it indicates the absolute value for the offset value for a first precision level associated with LoD 0.
[0208] vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec2_delta [qpIndex] [i] [j] [k] indicates the value of the inverse quantization offset value for a second precision level located in zone k (dead-zone: 0, non-dead-zone-positive: 1, non-dead-zone-negative: 2) , with displacement dimension j, between LoD i and LoD i-1 when i is non-zero value. When i is zero, it indicates the absolute value for the offset value for a second precision level associated with LoD 0. 3. Technical problems solved by disclosed technical solutions
[0209] An example design for dynamic mesh coding has the following problems:
[0210] First, in the displacement sequence parameter set, when the transform method is not equal to 0, the number of subdivisions must be greater than 0. Directly signalling the number of subdivisions is not necessary.
[0211] Two, a first syntax element is signalled to indicate if extensions are present or not. When extensions present, a second syntax element is signalled to indicate the number of extensions. However, when extensions present, its number should be greater than 0. Directly signalling the number of extensions is not necessary.
[0212] Third, the coding efficiency of zippering SEI can be further improved.
[0213] Fourth, when we use submesh distortion indication SEI message to indicates the number of vertices of original submesh and the similarity of the basemesh and original mesh at each subdivision iterations, the number of submeshs must be greater than 0. Directly signalling the number of submeshs is not necessary.
[0214] Fifth, in submesh distortion indication SEI, number of subdivision iteration is signalled in ue (v) . In other parts, for example, in atlas sequence parameter set and atlas frame parameter set, number of subdivision iteration is signalled in u (3) . Using the same type, u (3) , for the same kind of information may be better.
[0215] Sixth, in the basemesh inter submesh data unit, the number of vertices is signalled directly, which is not neccessary.
[0216] Seventh, there are no inferred values for some quantization parameters. It may lead to undefined variables being used during quantization. 4. A listing of solutions and embodiments
[0217] To solve the above problems, methods as summarized below are disclosed. The items should be considered as examples to explain the general concepts and should not be interpreted in a narrow way. Furthermore, these designs can be applied individually or combined in any manner. 1. To solve problem 1, in one example, in the displacement sequence parameter set, the number of subdivisions minus 1 may be signalled. 2. To solve problem 2, in one example, the number of extensions minus 1 may be signalled. a. In one example, the number of extensions minus 1 may be coded using ue (v) . i. In one example, the number of extensions minus 1 shall be in the range of 0 to 255, inclusive. b. In one example, when not present, the number of extensions minus 1 is inferred to be equal to -1. c. In one example, the number of extensions minus 1 may be signalled in the basemesh sequence parameter set. d. In one example, the number of extensions minus 1 may be signalled in the displacement sequence parameter set. 3. To solve problem 3, in one example, in the zippering SEI message, the difference between max match distance of i-th frame and max match distance of j-th submesh in i-th frame may be signalled. a. In one example, value of the difference may be coded using ue (v) . 4. To solve problem 3, in one example, in the zippering SEI message, the difference between max match distance of j-th submesh in i-th frame and k-border in j-th submesh in i-th frame may be signalled. a. In one example, value of the difference may be coded using ue (v) . 5. To solve problem 4, in one example, in the submesh distortion indication SEI message, the number of indicated submeshs minus 1 may be signalled. a. In one example, the number of indicated submeshs minus 1 signalled shall be non-negative. b. In one example, when not present, the number of indicated submeshs minus 1 is inferred to be equal to -1. 6. To solve problem 5, in one example, in the submesh distortion indication SEI message, the number of subdivision iteration may be coded using u (3) . 7. To solve problem 6, in one example, in the basemesh inter submesh data unit, the number of vertices minus N is signalled, where N is a positive integer. a. In one example, N is equal to 1. b. Alternatively, in one example, when the number of vertices is directly signalled and its value is equal to 0, all the following syntax elements in the basemesh inter submesh data unit syntax table shall not present. 8. To solve problem 7, in one example, an inferred value may be assigned to each quantization parameter. a. In one example, when not present, the value of vqp_lod_quantization_flag is inferred to be 0. i. Alternatively, in one example, when not present, the value of vqp_lod_quantization_flag is inferred to be 1. b. In one example, when not present, the value of vqp_bitdepth_offset is inferred to be N, where N is an integer. i. In one example, N is equal to 0. c. In one example, when not present, the value of vqp_quantization_parameters is inferred to be N, where N is an integer from 0 to 100, inclusive. i. In one example, N is equal to 49. d. In one example, when not present, the value of vqp_log2_lod_inverse_scale is inferred to be N, where N is a non-negative integer. i. In one example, N is equal to 1. e. In one example, when not present, the value of vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag is inferred to be 0. i. Alternatively, in one example, when not present, the value of vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag is inferred to be 1. f. In one example, when not present, the value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag is inferred to be 0. i. Alternatively, in one example, when not present, the value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag is inferred to be 1. g. In one example, when not present, the value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_sign_delta is inferred to be N, where N is an integer. i. In one example, N is equal to 0. h. In one example, when not present, the value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec1_delta is inferred to be N, where N is an integer. i. In one example, N is equal to 0. i. In one example, when not present, the value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec2_delta is inferred to be N, where N is an integer. i. In one example, N is equal to 0. 5. Embodiments
[0218] Below are some example embodiments for the aspects summarized above in Section 4.
[0219] Most relevant parts that have been added or modified are indicated with double braces { {} } , and some of the deleted parts are indicated in triple brackets [ [ [] ] ] . There may be some other changes that are editorial in nature and thus not indicated.
[0220] The following text changes are based on the latest CD text of V-DMC [2] . 5.1 Embodiment 1
[0221] This embodiment is for item 1, item 2, 2. a, 2. b above in Section 4. H.8.3.3.1.1 General basemesh sequence parameter set raw byte sequence payload (RBSP) syntax H.8.5.1.1 General basemesh sequence parameter set RBSP semantics
[0222] bmsps_extension_count_ { {minus1 plus 1} } specifies the number of BMSPS extensions present in the bmesh_sequence_parameter_set () syntax structure. When not present bmsps_extension_count_ { {minus1} } is inferred to be equal to [ [ [0] ] ] { {-1} } . When bmsps_extension_count_ { {minus1 plus 1} } is equal to 0, then BmspsExtensionsLength, which specifies the cumulative length in bytes of all extensions that would have otherwise followed this syntax element, is equal to 0. { {When present, the value of bmsps_extension_count_minus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 255, inclusive. } } J.7.1.2.1.1 General displacement sequence parameter set RBSP syntax J.7.2.2.1.1 General displacement sequence parameter set RBSP semantics
[0223] dsps_subdivision_iteration_count_ { {minus1 plus 1} } indicates the number of iterations used for the subdivision. When not present the value of dsps_subdivision_iteration_count_ { {minus1} } is inferred to be equal to 0 -1.
[0224] dsps_extension_count_ { {minus1 plus 1} } specifies the number of extensions present in the current displacement sequence parameter set. When not present, dsps_extension_count_ { {minus1} } is inferred to be equal to [ [ [0] ] ] { {-1. When present, the value of dsps_extension_count_minus1 shall be in the range of 0 to 255, inclusive. } } 5.2 Embodiment 2
[0225] This embodiment is for itemd 3 and 4 in Section 4. F.2.3 Zippering SEI payload syntax
[0226] zp_max_match_distance_per_submesh_ { {delta} } [k] [p] specifies the { {delta} } value [ [ [of] ] ] { {between the variable zipperingMaxMatchDistance [k] used for processing the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k and} } the variable zipperingMaxMatchDistancePerPatch [k] [p] used for processing the current submesh with index p in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used. [ [ [The length of the zp_max_match_distance_per_submesh [k] [p] syntax element is Ceil (Log2 (zp_max_match_distance [k] ) ) bits. ] ] ] { {zp_max_match_distance_per_submesh_delta [k] [p] = zipperingMaxMatchDistance [k] -zipperingMaxMatchDistancePerPatch [k] [p] } }
[0227] zp_border_point_distance_ { {delta} } [k] [p] [b] specifies the { {delta} } value [ [ [of] ] ] { {between the variable zipperingMaxMatchDistancePerPatch [k] [p] used for processing the current submesh with index p in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k and} } the variable zipperingMaxMatchDistancePerBorderPoint [k] [p] [b] used for processing the current border point with index b, in the current submesh with index p, in the current mesh frame for zippering instance with index k when the zippering process is used. [ [ [The length of the zp_border_point_distance [k] [p] [b] syntax element is Ceil (Log2 (zp_max_match_distance_per_submesh [k] [p] ) ) bits. ] ] ] { {zp_border_point_distance_delta [k] [p] [b] = zipperingMaxMatchDistancePerPatch [k] [p] -zipperingMaxMatchDistancePerBorderPoint [k] [p] [b] } } 5.3 Embodiment 3
[0228] This embodiment is for items 5 and 6 in Section 4. F.2.5 Submesh distortion indication SEI payload syntax
[0229] sdi_number_of_submesh_indicated_ { {minus1 plus 1} } indicates the number of submesh similarity information signalled by this SEI message.
[0230] 5.4 Embodiment 4
[0231] This embodiment is for items 7 and 7. ain Section 4. .8.3.3.14 Basemesh inter submesh data unit syntax H.8.5.8.1 Basemesh inter submesh data unit default semantics
[0232] bmidu_vertex_count_minus1 [submeshID] plus 1 indicates the number of vertices of submesh with submesh Id, submeshID.
[0233] 5.5 Embodiment 5
[0234] This embodiment is for item 7. b in Section 4. H.8.3.3.14 Basemesh inter submesh data unit syntax H.8.5.8.1 Basemesh inter submesh data unit default semantics
[0235] bmidu_vertex_count [submeshID] indicates the number of vertices of submesh with submesh Id, submeshID.
[0236] bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_last1pos [submeshID] specifies the number of bmidu_mv_signalled_flag in the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID. { {When not present, the value of bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_last1pos [submeshID] is inferred to be equal to 0. } }
[0237] bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_trailing0 [submeshID] specifies that bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_trailing0 BmiduMvFlag values are derived to be equal to 0 in the current submesh, with submesh ID equal to submeshID. { {When not present, the value of bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_trailing0 [submeshID] is inferred to be equal to 0. } }
[0238] It is a requirement of bitstream conformance that if bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_last1pos [submeshID] plus bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_trailing0 [submeshID] is larger than 0 for a submesh with submesh ID equal to submeshID, mesh_deduplicate_method, if present in the corresponding intra submesh data unit, shall be equal to MESH_POSITION_DEDUP_NONE. It is a requirement of bitstream conformance that bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_last1pos [submeshID] plus bmidu_mv_signalled_flag_trailing0 [submeshID] { {, when present, } } is smaller than bmidu_vertex_count [submeshID] .
[0239] bmidu_mv_signalled_flag [submeshID] [d ] indicates a motion vector for the vertex with index d, whose output of findIndexInArray () is not -1, is present in the bitstream. bmidu_mv_signalled_flag [submeshID] [d ] is used to derive BmiduMvFlag [submeshID] [v] variable, which indicates that a motion vector for the vertex with index v is present in the bitstream.
[0240] The BmiduMvFlag [submeshID] [v] variable is derived as follows: where findIndexInArray () function is defined in subclause H. 5. 5.6 Embodiment 6
[0241] This embodiment is for the item 8 in Section 4. 8.4.6.1.4 Quantization parameters semantics
[0242] vqp_lod_quantization_flag [qpIndex] equal to 1 indicates that the quantization parameter will be sent per level-of-detail using delta coding. vqp_lod_quantization_flag [qpIndex] equal to 0 indicates that the quantization parameter will be the same for all level-of-details. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set. { {When not present, the value of vqp_lod_quantization_flag [qpIndex] is inferred to be equal to 0. } }
[0243] vqp_bitdepth_offset [qpIndex] indicates the bit depth offset value applied to the quantization process of the displacements. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set. { {When not present, the value of vqp_bitdepth_offset [qpIndex] is inferred to be equal to 0. } }
[0244] vqp_quantization_parameters [qpIndex] [k] indicates the quantization parameter to be used for the inverse quantization of the kth-component of the displacements. The value of vqp_quantization_parameters [qpIndex] [k] shall be in the range of 0 to 100, inclusive. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set. { {When not present, the value of vqp_quantization_parameters [qpIndex] is inferred to be equal to 49. } }
[0245] vqp_log2_lod_inverse_scale [qpIndex] [k] indicates the scaling factor applied to the quantization process of the kth-component of the displacements for each level of detail. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set. { {When not present, the value of vqp_log2_lod_inverse_scale [qpIndex] [ k] is inferred to be equal to 1. } }
[0246] vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_value [qpIndex] [i] [k] specifies the absolute difference of quantization parameter value between the value asve_displacement_reference_qp_minus49 + 49 and the quantization parameter for the ith-layer and kth-component. When not present, the value of vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_value [qpIndex] [i] [k] is inferred as 0. The value of QuantizationParameter of each LoD layer shall be in the range of 0 to 100. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set.
[0247] vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_sign [qpIndex] [i] [k] specifies the sign of difference of quantization parameter value between the value asve_displacement_reference_qp_minus49 + 49 and the quantization parameter for the ith-layer and kth-component. vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_sign [qpIndex] [i] [k] equal to 0 indicate the difference is positive. vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_sign [qpIndex] [i] [k] equal to 1 indicate the difference is negative. When not present, the value of vqp_lod_delta_quantization_parameter_sign [qpIndex] [i] [k] is inferred as 0. qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set.
[0248] vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag [qpIndex] equal to 1 indicates that the inverse scale factor is derived from the signaled displacement quantization parameter directly and computed as follows: InverseScale [qpIndex] [i] [k] = 1 ÷ Clip3 (1, 100, QuantizationParameter [qpIndex] [i] [k] )
[0249] vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag [qpIndex] equal to 0 indicates that the inverse scale factor shall be computed as follows: bitDepthPosition = asps_geometry_3d_bit_depth_minus1 + 1 InverseScale [qpIndex] [i] [k] = pow (0.5, 16 + vqp_bitdepth_offset [qpIndex] – bitDepthPosition + (4 –QuantizationParameter [qpIndex] [i] [k] ) ÷ 6)
[0250] qpIndex is the index of the quantization parameter set. { {When not present, the value of vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag [qpIndex] is inferred to be equal to 0. } }
[0251] vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag [qpIndex] equal to 0 specifies that the inverse quantization offset may not be applied for compensating the inverse quantized wavelet-transformed coefficients of the displacement. vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag [qpIndex] equal to 1 specifies that the inverse quantization offset is applied for compensating the inverse quantized wavelet-transformed coefficients of the displacement. { {When not present, the value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag [qpIndex] is inferred to be equal to 0. } }
[0252] vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_sign_delta [qpIndex] [i] [j] [k] indicates the difference of signs of the inverse quantization offset value which is used for compensating the inverse quantized wavelet-transformed displacement coefficients, located in zone k (dead-zone: 0, non-dead-zone-positive: 1, non-dead-zone-negative: 2) , with displacement dimension j, between LoD i and LoD i-1 when i is non-zero value. When i is zero, it indicates the absolute value for the sign. { {When not present, the value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_sign_delta [qpIndex] [i] [j] [k] is inferred to be equal to 0. } }
[0253] vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec1_delta [qpIndex] [i] [j] [k] indicates difference of the values of the inverse quantization offset value for a first precision level located in zone k (dead-zone: 0, non-dead-zone-positive: 1, non-dead-zone-negative: 2) , with displacement dimension j, between LoD i and LoD i-1 when i is non-zero value. When i is zero, it indicates the absolute value for the offset value for a first precision level associated with LoD 0. { {When not present, the value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec1_delta [qpIndex] [i] [j] [k] is inferred to be equal to 0. } }
[0254] vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec2_delta [qpIndex] [i] [j] [k] indicates the value of the inverse quantization offset value for a second precision level located in zone k (dead-zone: 0, non-dead-zone-positive: 1, non-dead-zone-negative: 2) , with displacement dimension j, between LoD i and LoD i-1 when i is non-zero value. When i is zero, it indicates the absolute value for the offset value for a second precision level associated with LoD 0. { {When not present, the value of vqp_inverse_quantization _offset_value_log2_prec2_delta [qpIndex] [i] [j] [k] is inferred to be equal to 0. } } 6.References [1] MPEG technical requirements, “CfP for. Dynamic Mesh Coding, ” ISO / IEC JTC 1 / SC 29 / WG 2 doc. no. N145, in Oct. 2021. [2] MPEG output document, “Study of technologies for Video-based mesh coding, ” ISO / IEC JTC 1 / SC 29 / WG 7 doc. no. N00960, in July 2024. [3] MPEG output document, “V-DMC TMM 9.0, ” ISO / IEC JTC 1 / SC 29 / WG 7 doc. no. N00951, in July 2024. [4] MPEG output document, “Study of the Visual volumetric video-based coding (V3C) and video-based point cloud compression (V-PCC) 3rd edition, ” ISO / IEC JTC 1 / SC 29 / WG 7 doc. no. N00975, in July 2024.
[0255] FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example video processing system 4000 in which various techniques disclosed herein may be implemented. Various implementations may include some or all of the components of the system 4000. The system 4000 may include input 4002 for receiving video content. The video content may be received in a raw or uncompressed format, e.g., 8 or 10 bit multi-component pixel values, or may be in a compressed or encoded format. The input 4002 may represent a network interface, a peripheral bus interface, or a storage interface. Examples of network interface include wired interfaces such as Ethernet, passive optical network (PON) , etc. and wireless interfaces such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) or cellular interfaces.
[0256] The system 4000 may include a coding component 4004 that may implement the various coding or encoding methods described in the present disclosure. The coding component 4004 may reduce the average bitrate of video from the input 4002 to the output of the coding component 4004 to produce a coded representation of the video. The coding techniques are therefore sometimes called video compression or video transcoding techniques. The output of the coding component 4004 may be either stored, or transmitted via a communication connected, as represented by the component 4006. The stored or communicated bitstream (or coded) representation of the video received at the input 4002 may be used by a component 4008 for generating pixel values or displayable video that is sent to a display interface 4010. The process of generating user-viewable video from the bitstream representation is sometimes called video decompression. Furthermore, while certain video processing operations are referred to as “coding” operations or tools, it will be appreciated that the coding tools or operations are used at an encoder and corresponding decoding tools or operations that reverse the results of the coding will be performed by a decoder.
[0257] Examples of a peripheral bus interface or a display interface may include universal serial bus (USB) or high definition multimedia interface (HDMI) or Displayport, and so on. Examples of storage interfaces include serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) , peripheral component interconnect (PCI) , integrated drive electronics (IDE) interface, and the like. The techniques described in the present disclosure may be embodied in various electronic devices such as mobile phones, laptops, smartphones or other devices that are capable of performing digital data processing and / or video display.
[0258] FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an example video processing apparatus 4100. The apparatus 4100 may be used to implement one or more of the methods described herein. The apparatus 4100 may be embodied in a smartphone, tablet, computer, Internet of Things (IoT) receiver, and so on. The apparatus 4100 may include one or more processors 4102, one or more memories 4104 and video processing circuitry 4106. The processor (s) 4102 may be configured to implement one or more methods described in the present disclosure. The memory (memories) 4104 may be used for storing data and code used for implementing the methods and techniques described herein. The video processing circuitry 4106 may be used to implement, in hardware circuitry, some techniques described in the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the video processing circuitry 4106 may be at least partly included in the processor 4102, e.g., a graphics co-processor.
[0259] FIG. 5 is a flowchart for an example method 4200 of video processing. The method 4200 determines that a number of syntax elements representing motion vectors for vertices is not present in a bitstream and that the syntax elements have a value of 0 at step 4202. A conversion between a visual media data and a bitstream based on the syntax elements at step 4204. The conversion may include encoding at an encoder, decoding at a decoder, or combinations thereof.
[0260] It should be noted that the method 4200 can be implemented in an apparatus for processing video data comprising a processor and a non-transitory memory with instructions thereon, such as video encoder 4400, video decoder 4500, and / or encoder 4600. In such a case, the instructions upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method 4200. Further, the method 4200 can be performed by a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising a computer program product for use by a video coding device. The computer program product comprises computer executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable medium such that when executed by a processor cause the video coding device to perform the method 4200.
[0261] FIG. 6 is a block diagram that illustrates an example video coding system 4300 that may utilize the techniques of this disclosure. The video coding system 4300 may include a source device 4310 and a destination device 4320. Source device 4310 generates encoded video data which may be referred to as a video encoding device. Destination device 4320 may decode the encoded video data generated by source device 4310 which may be referred to as a video decoding device.
[0262] Source device 4310 may include a video source 4312, a video encoder 4314, and an input / output (I / O) interface 4316. Video source 4312 may include a source such as a video capture device, an interface to receive video data from a video content provider, and / or a computer graphics system for generating video data, or a combination of such sources. The video data may comprise one or more pictures. Video encoder 4314 encodes the video data from video source 4312 to generate a bitstream. The bitstream may include a sequence of bits that form a coded representation of the video data. The bitstream may include coded pictures and associated data. The coded picture is a coded representation of a picture. The associated data may include sequence parameter sets, picture parameter sets, and other syntax structures. I / O interface 4316 may include a modulator / demodulator (modem) and / or a transmitter. The encoded video data may be transmitted directly to destination device 4320 via I / O interface 4316 through network 4330. The encoded video data may also be stored onto a storage medium / server 4340 for access by destination device 4320.
[0263] Destination device 4320 may include an I / O interface 4326, a video decoder 4324, and a display device 4322. I / O interface 4326 may include a receiver and / or a modem. I / O interface 4326 may acquire encoded video data from the source device 4310 or the storage medium / server 4340. Video decoder 4324 may decode the encoded video data. Display device 4322 may display the decoded video data to a user. Display device 4322 may be integrated with the destination device 4320, or may be external to destination device 4320, which can be configured to interface with an external display device.
[0264] Video encoder 4314 and video decoder 4324 may operate according to a video compression standard, such as the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard, Versatile Video Coding (VVM) standard and other current and / or further standards.
[0265] FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example of video encoder 4400, which may be video encoder 4314 in the system 4300 illustrated in FIG. 6. Video encoder 4400 may be configured to perform any or all of the techniques of this disclosure. The video encoder 4400 includes a plurality of functional components. The techniques described in this disclosure may be shared among the various components of video encoder 4400. In some examples, a processor may be configured to perform any or all of the techniques described in this disclosure.
[0266] The functional components of video encoder 4400 may include a partition unit 4401, a prediction unit 4402 which may include a mode select unit 4403, a motion estimation unit 4404, a motion compensation unit 4405, an intra prediction unit 4406, a residual generation unit 4407, a transform processing unit 4408, a quantization unit 4409, an inverse quantization unit 4410, an inverse transform unit 4411, a reconstruction unit 4412, a buffer 4413, and an entropy encoding unit 4414.
[0267] In other examples, video encoder 4400 may include more, fewer, or different functional components. In an example, prediction unit 4402 may include an intra block copy (IBC) unit. The IBC unit may perform prediction in an IBC mode in which at least one reference picture is a picture where the current video block is located.
[0268] Furthermore, some components, such as motion estimation unit 4404 and motion compensation unit 4405 may be highly integrated, but are represented in the example of video encoder 4400 separately for purposes of explanation.
[0269] Partition unit 4401 may partition a picture into one or more video blocks. Video encoder 4400 and video decoder 4500 may support various video block sizes.
[0270] Mode select unit 4403 may select one of the coding modes, intra or inter, e.g., based on error results, and provide the resulting intra or inter coded block to a residual generation unit 4407 to generate residual block data and to a reconstruction unit 4412 to reconstruct the encoded block for use as a reference picture. In some examples, mode select unit 4403 may select a combination of intra and inter prediction (CIIP) mode in which the prediction is based on an inter prediction signal and an intra prediction signal. Mode select unit 4403 may also select a resolution for a motion vector (e.g., a sub-pixel or integer pixel precision) for the block in the case of inter prediction.
[0271] To perform inter prediction on a current video block, motion estimation unit 4404 may generate motion information for the current video block by comparing one or more reference frames from buffer 4413 to the current video block. Motion compensation unit 4405 may determine a predicted video block for the current video block based on the motion information and decoded samples of pictures from buffer 4413 other than the picture associated with the current video block.
[0272] Motion estimation unit 4404 and motion compensation unit 4405 may perform different operations for a current video block, for example, depending on whether the current video block is in an I slice, a P slice, or a B slice.
[0273] In some examples, motion estimation unit 4404 may perform uni-directional prediction for the current video block, and motion estimation unit 4404 may search reference pictures of list 0 or list 1 for a reference video block for the current video block. Motion estimation unit 4404 may then generate a reference index that indicates the reference picture in list 0 or list 1 that contains the reference video block and a motion vector that indicates a spatial displacement between the current video block and the reference video block. Motion estimation unit 4404 may output the reference index, a prediction direction indicator, and the motion vector as the motion information of the current video block. Motion compensation unit 4405 may generate the predicted video block of the current block based on the reference video block indicated by the motion information of the current video block.
[0274] In other examples, motion estimation unit 4404 may perform bi-directional prediction for the current video block, motion estimation unit 4404 may search the reference pictures in list 0 for a reference video block for the current video block and may also search the reference pictures in list 1 for another reference video block for the current video block. Motion estimation unit 4404 may then generate reference indexes that indicate the reference pictures in list 0 and list 1 containing the reference video blocks and motion vectors that indicate spatial displacements between the reference video blocks and the current video block. Motion estimation unit 4404 may output the reference indexes and the motion vectors of the current video block as the motion information of the current video block. Motion compensation unit 4405 may generate the predicted video block of the current video block based on the reference video blocks indicated by the motion information of the current video block.
[0275] In some examples, motion estimation unit 4404 may output a full set of motion information for decoding processing of a decoder. In some examples, motion estimation unit 4404 may not output a full set of motion information for the current video. Rather, motion estimation unit 4404 may signal the motion information of the current video block with reference to the motion information of another video block. For example, motion estimation unit 4404 may determine that the motion information of the current video block is sufficiently similar to the motion information of a neighboring video block.
[0276] In one example, motion estimation unit 4404 may indicate, in a syntax structure associated with the current video block, a value that indicates to the video decoder 4500 that the current video block has the same motion information as another video block.
[0277] In another example, motion estimation unit 4404 may identify, in a syntax structure associated with the current video block, another video block and a motion vector difference (MVD) . The motion vector difference indicates a difference between the motion vector of the current video block and the motion vector of the indicated video block. The video decoder 4500 may use the motion vector of the indicated video block and the motion vector difference to determine the motion vector of the current video block.
[0278] As discussed above, video encoder 4400 may predictively signal the motion vector. Two examples of predictive signaling techniques that may be implemented by video encoder 4400 include advanced motion vector prediction (AMVP) and merge mode signaling.
[0279] Intra prediction unit 4406 may perform intra prediction on the current video block. When intra prediction unit 4406 performs intra prediction on the current video block, intra prediction unit 4406 may generate prediction data for the current video block based on decoded samples of other video blocks in the same picture. The prediction data for the current video block may include a predicted video block and various syntax elements.
[0280] Residual generation unit 4407 may generate residual data for the current video block by subtracting the predicted video block (s) of the current video block from the current video block. The residual data of the current video block may include residual video blocks that correspond to different sample components of the samples in the current video block.
[0281] In other examples, there may be no residual data for the current video block for the current video block, for example in a skip mode, and residual generation unit 4407 may not perform the subtracting operation.
[0282] Transform processing unit 4408 may generate one or more transform coefficient video blocks for the current video block by applying one or more transforms to a residual video block associated with the current video block.
[0283] After transform processing unit 4408 generates a transform coefficient video block associated with the current video block, quantization unit 4409 may quantize the transform coefficient video block associated with the current video block based on one or more quantization parameter (QP) values associated with the current video block.
[0284] Inverse quantization unit 4410 and inverse transform unit 4411 may apply inverse quantization and inverse transforms to the transform coefficient video block, respectively, to reconstruct a residual video block from the transform coefficient video block. Reconstruction unit 4412 may add the reconstructed residual video block to corresponding samples from one or more predicted video blocks generated by the prediction unit 4402 to produce a reconstructed video block associated with the current block for storage in the buffer 4413.
[0285] After reconstruction unit 4412 reconstructs the video block, the loop filtering operation may be performed to reduce video blocking artifacts in the video block.
[0286] Entropy encoding unit 4414 may receive data from other functional components of the video encoder 4400. When entropy encoding unit 4414 receives the data, entropy encoding unit 4414 may perform one or more entropy encoding operations to generate entropy encoded data and output a bitstream that includes the entropy encoded data.
[0287] FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example of video decoder 4500 which may be video decoder 4324 in the system 4300 illustrated in FIG. 6. The video decoder 4500 may be configured to perform any or all of the techniques of this disclosure. In the example shown, the video decoder 4500 includes a plurality of functional components. The techniques described in this disclosure may be shared among the various components of the video decoder 4500. In some examples, a processor may be configured to perform any or all of the techniques described in this disclosure.
[0288] In the example shown, video decoder 4500 includes an entropy decoding unit 4501, a motion compensation unit 4502, an intra prediction unit 4503, an inverse quantization unit 4504, an inverse transformation unit 4505, a reconstruction unit 4506, and a buffer 4507. Video decoder 4500 may, in some examples, perform a decoding pass generally reciprocal to the encoding pass described with respect to video encoder 4400.
[0289] Entropy decoding unit 4501 may retrieve an encoded bitstream. The encoded bitstream may include entropy coded video data (e.g., encoded blocks of video data) . Entropy decoding unit 4501 may decode the entropy coded video data, and from the entropy decoded video data, motion compensation unit 4502 may determine motion information including motion vectors, motion vector precision, reference picture list indexes, and other motion information. Motion compensation unit 4502 may, for example, determine such information by performing the AMVP and merge mode.
[0290] Motion compensation unit 4502 may produce motion compensated blocks, possibly performing interpolation based on interpolation filters. Identifiers for interpolation filters to be used with sub-pixel precision may be included in the syntax elements.
[0291] Motion compensation unit 4502 may use interpolation filters as used by video encoder 4400 during encoding of the video block to calculate interpolated values for sub-integer pixels of a reference block. Motion compensation unit 4502 may determine the interpolation filters used by video encoder 4400 according to received syntax information and use the interpolation filters to produce predictive blocks.
[0292] Motion compensation unit 4502 may use some of the syntax information to determine sizes of blocks used to encode frame (s) and / or slice (s) of the encoded video sequence, partition information that describes how each macroblock of a picture of the encoded video sequence is partitioned, modes indicating how each partition is encoded, one or more reference frames (and reference frame lists) for each inter coded block, and other information to decode the encoded video sequence.
[0293] Intra prediction unit 4503 may use intra prediction modes for example received in the bitstream to form a prediction block from spatially adjacent blocks. Inverse quantization unit 4504 inverse quantizes, i.e., de-quantizes, the quantized video block coefficients provided in the bitstream and decoded by entropy decoding unit 4501. Inverse transform unit 4505 applies an inverse transform.
[0294] Reconstruction unit 4506 may sum the residual blocks with the corresponding prediction blocks generated by motion compensation unit 4502 or intra prediction unit 4503 to form decoded blocks. If desired, a deblocking filter may also be applied to filter the decoded blocks in order to remove blockiness artifacts. The decoded video blocks are then stored in buffer 4507, which provides reference blocks for subsequent motion compensation / intra prediction and also produces decoded video for presentation on a display device.
[0295] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an example encoder 4600. The encoder 4600 is suitable for implementing the techniques of VVC. The encoder 4600 includes three in-loop filters, namely a deblocking filter (DF) 4602, a sample adaptive offset (SAO) 4604, and an adaptive loop filter (ALF) 4606. Unlike the DF 4602, which uses predefined filters, the SAO 4604 and the ALF 4606 utilize the original samples of the current picture to reduce the mean square errors between the original samples and the reconstructed samples by adding an offset and by applying a finite impulse response (FIR) filter, respectively, with coded side information signaling the offsets and filter coefficients. The ALF 4606 is located at the last processing stage of each picture and can be regarded as a tool trying to catch and fix artifacts created by the previous stages.
[0296] The encoder 4600 further includes an intra prediction component 4608 and a motion estimation / compensation (ME / MC) component 4610 configured to receive input video. The intra prediction component 4608 is configured to perform intra prediction, while the ME / MC component 4610 is configured to utilize reference pictures obtained from a reference picture buffer 4612 to perform inter prediction. Residual blocks from inter prediction or intra prediction are fed into a transform (T) component 4614 and a quantization (Q) component 4616 to generate quantized residual transform coefficients, which are fed into an entropy coding component 4618. The entropy coding component 4618 entropy codes the prediction results and the quantized transform coefficients and transmits the same toward a video decoder (not shown) . Quantization components output from the quantization component 4616 may be fed into an inverse quantization (IQ) components 4620, an inverse transform component 4622, and a reconstruction (REC) component 4624. The REC component 4624 is able to output images to the DF 4602, the SAO 4604, and the ALF 4606 for filtering prior to those images being stored in the reference picture buffer 4612.
[0297] A listing of solutions preferred by some examples is provided next.
[0298] The following solutions show examples of techniques discussed herein.
[0299] 1. A method for processing media data comprising: determining to signal a number of subdivisions minus 1 in a displacement sequence parameter set; and performing a conversion between a visual media data and a bitstream based on the displacement sequence parameter set.
[0300] 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a number of extensions minus 1 is signalled.
[0301] 3. The method of any of claims 1-2, wherein number of extensions minus 1 is coded as a unsigned exponential-Golomb-coded value (ue (v) ) , or wherein the number of extensions minus 1 shall be in a range of 0 to 255, inclusive.
[0302] 4. The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein when not present, a number of extensions minus 1 is inferred to be equal to -1.
[0303] 5. The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein the number of extensions minus 1 is signalled in a basemesh sequence parameter set or the displacement sequence parameter set.
[0304] 6. The method of any of claims 1-5, wherein a difference between a max match distance of an i-th frame and a max match distance of a j-th submesh in the i-th frame is signalled in a zippering supplemental enhancement information (SEI) message, or wherein a value of the difference between the max match distance of the i-th frame and the max match distance of the j-th submesh in the i-th frame is coded as a ue (v) .
[0305] 7. The method of any of claims 1-6, wherein a difference between a max match distance of a j-th submesh in an i-th frame and a k-border in the j-th submesh in the i-th frame is signalled in the zippering SEI message, or wherein a value of the difference between the max match distance of the j-th submesh in the i-th frame and the k-border in the j-th submesh in the i-th frame is coded as a ue (v) .
[0306] 8. The method of any of claims 1-7, wherein a number of indicated submeshes minus 1 is signalled in a submesh distortion indication SEI message.
[0307] 9. The method of any of claims 1-8, wherein the number of indicated submeshes minus 1 shall be signalled as a non-negative value, or wherein when not present, the number of indicated submeshes minus 1 is inferred to be equal to -1.
[0308] 10. The method of any of claims 1-9, wherein the number of subdivision iteration is coded as an unsigned three bit value (u (3) ) in the submesh distortion indication SEI message.
[0309] 11. The method of any of claims 1-10, wherein a number of vertices minus N is signaled in a basemesh inter submesh data unit, where N is a positive integer.
[0310] 12. The method of any of claims 1-11, wherein N is equal to 1.
[0311] 13. The method of any of claims 1-12, wherein when a number of vertices is directly signalled and its value is equal to 0, all the following syntax elements in a basemesh inter submesh data unit syntax table shall not present.
[0312] 14. The method of any of claims 1-13, wherein an inferred value is assigned to each quantization parameter.
[0313] 15. The method of any of claims 1-14, wherein when not present, the value of vqp_lod_quantization_flag is inferred to be 0, or wherein when not present, the value of vqp_lod_quantization_flag is inferred to be 1, or wherein when not present, the value of video dynamic mesh coding quantization parameters (VQP) bitdepth offset (vqp_bitdepth_offset) is inferred to be N, where N is an integer, or wherein N is equal to 0, or wherein when not present, the value of VQP quantization parameters (vqp_quantization_parameters) is inferred to be N, where N is an integer from 0 to 100, inclusive, or wherein N is equal to 49, or wherein when not present, the value of VQP logaraithm base two level of detail (LOD) inverse scale (vqp_log2_lod_inverse_scale) is inferred to be N, where N is a non-negative integer, or wherein N is equal to 1, or wherein when not present, the value of VQP direct quantization enabled flag (vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag) is inferred to be 0, or wherein when not present, the value of vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag is inferred to be 1, or wherein when not present, the value of VQP inverse quantization offset enabled flag (vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag) is inferred to be 0, or wherein when not present, the value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag is inferred to be 1, or wherein when not present, the value of VQP inverse quantization offset sign delta (vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_sign_delta) is inferred to be N, where N is an integer, or wherein N is equal to 0, or wherein when not present, the value of VQP inverse quantization offset value logaraithm base two precision level one delta (vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec1_delta) is inferred to be N, where N is an integer, or wherein N is equal to 0, or wherein when not present, the value of VQP inverse quantization offset value logaraithm base two precision level two delta (vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec2_delta) is inferred to be N, where N is an integer, or wherein N is equal to 0.
[0314] 16. The method of any of claims 1-15, wherein the conversion includes encoding the visual media data into the bitstream.
[0315] 17. The method of any of claims 1-15, wherein the conversion includes decoding the visual media data from the bitstream.
[0316] 18. An apparatus for processing video data comprising: a processor; and a non-transitory memory with instructions thereon, wherein the instructions upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1-17.
[0317] 19. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising a computer program product for use by a video coding device, the computer program product comprising computer executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable medium such that when executed by a processor cause the video coding device to perform the method of any of claims 1-17.
[0318] 20. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by a video processing apparatus, wherein the method comprises: determining to signal a number of subdivisions minus 1 in a displacement sequence parameter set; and generating a bitstream based on the determining.
[0319] 21. A method for storing bitstream of a video comprising: determining to signal a number of subdivisions minus 1 in a displacement sequence parameter set; generating a bitstream based on the determining; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
[0320] 22. A method, apparatus, or system described in the present disclosure.
[0321] In the solutions described herein, an encoder may conform to the format rule by producing a coded representation according to the format rule. In the solutions described herein, a decoder may use the format rule to parse syntax elements in the coded representation with the knowledge of presence and absence of syntax elements according to the format rule to produce decoded video.
[0322] In the present disclosure, the term “video processing” may refer to video encoding, video decoding, video compression or video decompression. For example, video compression algorithms may be applied during conversion from pixel representation of a video to a corresponding bitstream representation or vice versa. The bitstream representation of a current video block may, for example, correspond to bits that are either co-located or spread in different places within the bitstream, as is defined by the syntax. For example, a macroblock may be encoded in terms of transformed and coded error residual values and also using bits in headers and other fields in the bitstream. Furthermore, during conversion, a decoder may parse a bitstream with the knowledge that some fields may be present, or absent, based on the determination, as is described in the above solutions. Similarly, an encoder may determine that certain syntax fields are or are not to be included and generate the coded representation accordingly by including or excluding the syntax fields from the coded representation.
[0323] The disclosed and other solutions, examples, embodiments, modules and the functional operations described in this disclosure can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer software, firmware, or hardware, including the structures disclosed in this disclosure and their structural equivalents, or in combinations of one or more of them. The disclosed and other embodiments can be implemented as one or more computer program products, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on a computer readable medium for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus. The computer readable medium can be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storage substrate, a memory device, a composition of matter effecting a machine-readable propagated signal, or a combination of one or more them. The term “data processing apparatus” encompasses all apparatus, devices, and machines for processing data, including by way of example a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple processors or computers. The apparatus can include, in addition to hardware, code that creates an execution environment for the computer program in question, e.g., code that constitutes processor firmware, a protocol stack, a database management system, an operating system, or a combination of one or more of them. A propagated signal is an artificially generated signal, e.g., a machine-generated electrical, optical, or electromagnetic signal, that is generated to encode information for transmission to suitable receiver apparatus.
[0324] A computer program (also known as a program, software, software application, script, or code) can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program does not necessarily correspond to a file in a file system. A program can be stored in a portion of a file that holds other programs or data (e.g., one or more scripts stored in a markup language document) , in a single file dedicated to the program in question, or in multiple coordinated files (e.g., files that store one or more modules, sub programs, or portions of code) . A computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers that are located at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.
[0325] The processes and logic flows described in this disclosure can be performed by one or more programmable processors executing one or more computer programs to perform functions by operating on input data and generating output. The processes and logic flows can also be performed by, and apparatus can also be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) .
[0326] Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read only memory or a random-access memory or both. The essential elements of a computer are a processor for performing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Generally, a computer will also include, or be operatively coupled to receive data from or transfer data to, or both, one or more mass storage devices for storing data, e.g., magnetic, magneto optical disks, or optical disks. However, a computer need not have such devices. Computer readable media suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, media and memory devices, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) , electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) , and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, e.g., internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto optical disks; and compact disc read-only memory (CD ROM) and digital versatile disc-read only memory (DVD-ROM) disks. The processor and the memory can be supplemented by, or incorporated in, special purpose logic circuitry.
[0327] While the present disclosure contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of any subject matter or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments of particular techniques. Certain features that are described in the present disclosure in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
[0328] Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the embodiments described in the present disclosure should not be understood as requiring such separation in all embodiments.
[0329] Only a few implementations and examples are described and other implementations, enhancements and variations can be made based on what is described and illustrated in the present disclosure.
[0330] A first component is directly coupled to a second component when there are no intervening components, except for a line, a trace, or another medium between the first component and the second component. The first component is indirectly coupled to the second component when there are intervening components other than a line, a trace, or another medium between the first component and the second component. The term “coupled” and its variants include both directly coupled and indirectly coupled. The use of the term “about” means a range including ±10%of the subsequent number unless otherwise stated.
[0331] While several embodiments have been provided in the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods might be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. The present examples are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the intention is not to be limited to the details given herein. For example, the various elements or components may be combined or integrated in another system or certain features may be omitted, or not implemented.
[0332] In addition, techniques, systems, subsystems, and methods described and illustrated in the various embodiments as discrete or separate may be combined or integrated with other systems, modules, techniques, or methods without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Other items shown or discussed as coupled may be directly connected or may be indirectly coupled or communicating through some interface, device, or intermediate component whether electrically, mechanically, or otherwise. Other examples of changes, substitutions, and alterations are ascertainable by one skilled in the art and could be made without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A method for processing media data, comprising:determining that a number of syntax elements representing motion vectors for vertices is not present in a bitstream and that the syntax elements have a value of 0; andperforming a conversion between a visual media data and the bitstream based on the syntax elements.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the number of syntax elements is specified by a flag trailing syntax element in the bitstream.3.The method of any of claims 1-2, wherein the number of syntax elements minus N is included in a bsasemesh inter submesh data unit of the bitstream, and wherein N is a positive integer.4.The method of claim 3, wherein N is equal to 1.5.The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein a number of subdivisions minus 1 is included in a displacement sequence parameter set of the bitstream.6.The method of any of claims 1-5, wherein a number of extensions minus 1 is included in the bitstream.7.The method of claim 6, wherein the number of extensions minus 1 is coded using an unsigned exponential-Golomb-coded value of a variable number of bits (ue (v)) .8.The method of any of claims 6-7, wherein the number of extensions minus 1 has a value in a range of 0 to 255, inclusive.9.The method of any of claims 6-8, wherein the number of extensions minus 1 is inferred to have a value of -1 when not present in the bitstream.10.The method of any of claims 6-8, wherein the number of extensions minus 1 is included in a basemesh sequence parameter set of the bitstream.11.The method of any of claims 6-8, wherein the number of extensions minus 1 is included in a displacemet sequence parameter set of the bitstream.12.The method of any of claims 1-11, wherein a difference between a maximum match distance of an i-th frame and a maxiumum match distance of a j-th submesh in the i-th frame is indicated in a zippering suppelemental enhancement information (SEI) message.13.The method of claim 12, wherein a value of the difference is coded using an unsigned exponential-Golomb-coded value of a variable number of bits (ue (v)) .14.The method of any of claims 1-13, wherein a difference between a maximum match distance of a j-th submesh in an i-th frame and a k-border in a j-th submesh in the i-th frame is indicated in a zippering suppelemental enhancement information (SEI) message.15.The method of claim 14, wherein a value of the difference is coded using an unsigned exponential-Golomb-coded value of a variable number of bits (ue (v)) .16.The method of any of claims 1-15, wherein a number of indicated submeshs minus 1 is indicated in a submesh distortion indication suppelemental enhancement information (SEI) message.17.The method of claim 16, wherein a value of the number of indicated submeshs minus 1 is non-negative.18.The method of claim 1, wherein a number of indicated submeshs minus 1 is inferred to be equal to -1 when not present in the bitstream.19.The method of any of claims 1-18, wherein a number of subdivision iteration is coded using an unsigned value of three bits (u (3) ) in a submesh distortion indication suppelemental enhancement information (SEI) message.20.The method of any of claims 1-19, wherein an inferred value is assigned to each quantization parameter.21.The method of claim 20, wherein a value of vqp_lod_quantization_flag is inferred to be 0 when not present in the bitstream.22.The method of claim 20, wherein a value of vqp_lod_quantization_flag is inferred to be 1 when not present in the bitstream.23.The method of any of claims 20-22, wherein a value of vqp_bitdepth_offset is inferred to be N, and wherein N is an integer.24.The method of claim 23, wherein N is equal to 0.25.The method of any of claims 20-24, wherein a value of vqp_quantization_parameters is inferred to be N, and wherein N is an integer from 0 to 100, inclusive.26.The method of claim 25, wherein N is 49.27.The method of any of claims 20-26, wherein a value of vqp_log2_lod_inverse_scale is inferred to be N, and whereing N is a non-negative integer.28.The method of claim 27, wherein N is 1.29.The method of any of claims 1-28, wherein a value of vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag is inferred to be 0 when not present in the bitstream.30.The method of any of claims 1-28, wherein a value of vqp_direct_quantization_enabled_flag is inferred to be 1 when not present in the bitstream.31.The method of any of claims 1-30, wherein a value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag is inferred to be 0 when not present in the bitstream.32.The method of any of claims 1-30, wherein a value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_enable_flag is inferred to be 1 when not present in the bitstream.33.The method of any of claims 1-32, wherein a value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_sign_delta is inferred to be N, and wherein N is an integer.34.The method of claim 33, wherein N is 1.35.The method of any of claims 1-34, wherein a value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec1_delta is inferred to be N, and wherein N is an integer.36.The method of claim 35, wherein N is 0.37.The method of any of claims 1-36, wherein a value of vqp_inverse_quantization_offset_value_log2_prec2_delta is inferred to be N, and wherein N is an integer.38.The method of claim 37, wherein N is 0.39.The method of any of claims 1-38, wherein the conversion includes encoding the visual media data into the bitstream.40.The method of any of claims 1-38, wherein the conversion includes decoding the visual media data from the bitstream.41.An apparatus for processing video data comprising: a processor; and a non-transitory memory with instructions thereon, wherein the instructions upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1-40.42.A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising a computer program product for use by a video coding device, the computer program product comprising computer executable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable medium such that when executed by a processor cause the video coding device to perform the method of any of claims 1-40.43.A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by a video processing apparatus, wherein the method comprises:determining that a number of syntax elements representing motion vectors for vertices is not present in a bitstream and that the syntax elements have a value of 0; andgenerating a bitstream based on the determining.44.A method for storing bitstream of a video, comprising:determining that a number of syntax elements representing motion vectors for vertices is not present in a bitstream and that the syntax elements have a value of 0;generating a bitstream based on the determining; andstoring the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.45.A method, apparatus, or system described in the present disclosure.