Access method, terminal device, and network device

Abstract

The present application relates to an access method, a terminal device, a network device, a chip, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a computer program, and a communication system. The method comprises: a terminal device sends a preamble to a network device, the preamble being used for initiating random access to the network device, and a format of the preamble being determined on the basis of first information. Embodiments of the present application enable flexible configuration of a preamble format and allow use of preamble formats matched to different scenarios, thereby helping to improve the overall uplink random access success rate and avoid unnecessary occupation of time-frequency resources.

Description

Access methods, terminal devices and network devices Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to an access method, terminal equipment, network equipment, chip, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, computer program, and communication system. Background Technology

[0002] In both New Radio (NR) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) wireless communication networks, Random Access (RA) is a crucial process that allows User Equipment (UE) to establish connections with the base station under various circumstances. For example, during initial access, the UE uses RA to achieve uplink synchronization with the base station and transition from an idle (RRC_IDLE) state to a connected (RRC_CONNECTED) state; when the UE needs to perform cell handover, it completes uplink synchronization with the new cell and establishes a connection; and it restores the connection after beam failure, and so on. In existing systems, the type of preamble used for RA is configured to the UE by the network through the System Information Block (SIB), and a cell can only support one preamble length for random access at a time. Therefore, improving the flexibility of preamble transmission is a problem that needs to be considered.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an access method that can improve the flexibility of preamble transmission.

[0005] This application provides an access method, including:

[0006] The terminal device sends a preamble to the network device; the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

[0007] This application provides an access method, including:

[0008] The network device receives a preamble from the terminal device; the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

[0009] This application provides a terminal device, including:

[0010] The first communication module is used to send a preamble to the network device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

[0011] This application provides a network device, including:

[0012] The second communication module is used to receive a preamble from the terminal device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

[0013] This application provides a terminal device, including a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, the transceiver communicates with other devices, and the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory to enable the terminal device to perform the aforementioned access method.

[0014] This application provides a network device, including a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, the transceiver communicates with other devices, and the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory to enable the network device to perform the access method described above.

[0015] This application provides a chip for implementing the above-described access method.

[0016] Specifically, the chip includes a processor for retrieving and running a computer program from memory, causing a device equipped with the chip to perform the aforementioned access method.

[0017] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when run by a device, causes the device to perform the aforementioned access method.

[0018] This application provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions that cause a computer to execute the above-described access method.

[0019] This application provides a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-described access method.

[0020] In this embodiment of the application, the format of the preamble sent by the terminal device to the network device during random access can be determined based on the first information. Therefore, the format of the preamble can be set more flexibly, and an appropriate preamble format can be used in different scenarios, which helps to improve the overall uplink random access success rate and avoid unnecessary time and frequency resource occupation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of superimposed pilot signals.

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of an access method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of an access method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an application example of an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 9 is a schematic block diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) systems, New Radio (NR) systems, evolution systems of NR systems, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) systems, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) systems, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), 5th Generation (5G) systems, 6th Generation (6G) systems, or other communication systems.

[0033] Traditional communication systems typically support a limited number of connections and are easy to implement. However, with the development of communication technology, mobile communication systems will not only support traditional communication but also, for example, device-to-device (D2D) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. The embodiments of this application can also be applied to these communication systems.

[0034] In one implementation, the communication system in this application embodiment can be applied to a carrier aggregation (CA) scenario, a dual connectivity (DC) scenario, or a standalone (SA) network deployment scenario.

[0035] In one embodiment, the communication system in this application can be applied to unlicensed spectrum, wherein the unlicensed spectrum can also be considered as shared spectrum; or, the communication system in this application can also be applied to licensed spectrum, wherein the licensed spectrum can also be considered as non-shared spectrum.

[0036] This application describes various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminal devices. The terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device, etc.

[0037] Terminal devices can be stations (STAs) in WLANs, cellular phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) devices, handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in next-generation communication systems such as NR networks, or terminal devices in future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, etc.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships); and it can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites).

[0039] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical care, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, or a wireless terminal device in a smart home, etc.

[0040] By way of example and not limitation, in this embodiment, the terminal device can also be a wearable device. Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices that are worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are feature-rich, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, as well as those that focus on a specific type of application function and require the use of other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0041] In the embodiments of this application, the network device can be a device for communicating with mobile devices, such as an access point (AP) in a WLAN, an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in LTE, a relay station or access point, or a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a network device (gNB) in an NR network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network or an NTN network, etc.

[0042] By way of example and not limitation, in this embodiment, the network device may have mobility characteristics; for example, the network device may be a mobile device. Optionally, the network device may be a satellite or a balloon station. For example, the satellite may be a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellite, a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite, a high elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite, etc. Optionally, the network device may also be a base station located on land, water, or other similar locations.

[0043] In this embodiment, the network device can provide services to a cell. The terminal device communicates with the network device through the transmission resources (e.g., frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) used by the cell. The cell can be the cell corresponding to the network device (e.g., a base station). The cell can belong to a macro base station or to a base station corresponding to a small cell. The small cell can include: metro cell, micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage area and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0044] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary communication system 100. The communication system includes a network device 110 and two terminal devices 120. In one embodiment, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices 110, and the coverage area of ​​each network device 110 may include other numbers of terminal devices 120; this embodiment does not limit the scope of the application.

[0045] In one embodiment, the communication system 100 may also include other network entities such as a Mobility Management Entity (MME) and an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), but this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0046] Network equipment can be further divided into access network equipment and core network equipment. That is, the wireless communication system also includes multiple core networks used to communicate with the access network equipment. Access network equipment can be evolved Node Bs (eNBs or e-NodeBs) in Long-Term Evolution (LTE), Next-Generation Radio (NR) (mobile communication system), or Authorized Auxiliary Access Long-Term Evolution (LAA-LTE) systems, such as macro base stations, micro base stations (also called "small base stations"), pico base stations, access points (APs), transmission points (TPs), or new generation Node Bs (gNodeBs).

[0047] It should be understood that devices with communication functions in the network / system of this application embodiment can be referred to as communication devices. Taking the communication system shown in Figure 1 as an example, the communication device may include network devices and terminal devices with communication functions. The network devices and terminal devices can be specific devices in this application embodiment, which will not be described in detail here. The communication device may also include other devices in the communication system, such as network controllers, mobility management entities, and other network entities. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0048] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in this document. The term "and / or" in this document merely describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0049] It should be understood that the term "instruction" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct instruction, an indirect instruction, or an indication of a relationship. For example, A instructing B can mean that A directly instructs B, such as B being able to obtain information through A; it can also mean that A indirectly instructs B, such as A instructing C, so B can obtain information through C; or it can mean that there is a relationship between A and B.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "correspondence" may indicate that there is a direct or indirect correspondence between two things, or that there is an association between two things, or that there is a relationship of instruction and being instructed, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0051] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the relevant technologies of the embodiments of this application are described below. The following relevant technologies are optional solutions and can be combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application in any way, and they all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0052] (a) Random Access (RA)

[0053] In both NR and LTE wireless communication networks, Access Detection (RA) is a crucial process that allows user equipment (UE) to establish connections with base stations in various situations. For example, during initial access, the UE uses RA to achieve uplink synchronization with the base station and complete the transition from the RRC_IDLE state to the RRC_CONNECTED state; when the UE needs to perform cell handover, it completes uplink synchronization with the new cell and establishes a connection; and it restores the connection after a beam failure, and so on.

[0054] The most basic random access procedure currently supported in 5G networks is implemented through four steps, namely the 4-step Random Access Channel (4-step RACH), as follows:

[0055] 1. Msg1 - Preamble (transmitted by UE to base station): The UE selects a random access preamble and sends it to the base station via the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH). This step marks the beginning of the random access process; the UE selects the preamble based on the information in System Information Block 1 (SIB1).

[0056] 2. Msg2 - Random Access Response (sent by the base station to the UE): After receiving the Preamble, the base station sends a Random Access Response (RAR). The RAR includes Timing Advance, a temporary Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI), and an Uplink Grant (UL grant). This step helps the UE perform uplink synchronization.

[0057] 3. Msg3 - Radio Resource Control (RRC) Connection Request (sent by UE to base station): The UE uses the uplink grant provided in Msg2 to send an RRC connection establishment request message. This message carries the UE's identity information and is used for contention resolution.

[0058] 4. Msg4-RRC Connection Establishment (Sent by Base Station to UE): The base station sends an RRC connection establishment message to the UE. This message contains the final C-RNTI and other connection configuration information. If the UE successfully receives this message, the random access procedure is completed, and the connection between the UE and the base station is established.

[0059] In addition to 4-step RACH, 5G Release 16 also introduces a 2-step RACH process to reduce signaling overhead and access latency. The 2-step RACH process mainly includes the following two steps:

[0060] 1. MsgA: In this step, the UE (User Equipment) simultaneously transmits the PRACH preamble and the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) payload. This step is similar to the combination of Msg1 and Msg3 in a traditional 4-step RACH. MsgA includes the preamble and subsequent data transmission, therefore, it needs to support a time-adjustment-free (TA-free) transmission method. In this step, the UE selects the appropriate preamble and resources for transmission based on system information and RRC configuration.

[0061] 2. MsgB: This step is the base station's response to MsgA, including MsgB PDCCH and MsgB PDSCH. MsgB contains information similar to Msg2 and Msg4 in a traditional 4-step RACH, such as time adjustment commands, uplink grants, and C-RNTI allocations. The receive window for MsgB is defined by the parameter msgB-ResponseWindow.

[0062] (ii) Preamble

[0063] The RA process involves a special form of signal called a preamble, used for synchronization and differentiation of UEs on the uplink. The PRACH preamble is a signal based on the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence. The sequence in the preamble is generated by the root sequence index and cyclic shift to produce a set of 64 distinct sequences.

[0064] 5G defines two main types of preambles: long preambles and short preambles. Long preambles, based on a sequence length L=839, are suitable for cells with larger coverage areas, providing better time advance measurement and detection reliability. Long preambles are typically used in the FR1 frequency band (below 6 GHz) and can be used for subcarrier spacing of 1.25 kHz or 5 kHz. Short preambles, based on a sequence length L=139, are suitable for smaller cells and indoor deployment scenarios, and are aligned with the normal subcarrier spacing of NR, i.e., 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, and 120 kHz. Short preambles can be used in both FR1 (below 6 GHz) and FR2 (higher frequency NR bands). In 5G networks, the type of preamble used for random access (RA) is configured to the UE by the network via the SIB; a cell can only support one preamble length for random access at a time.

[0065] (III) Superimposed pilots

[0066] In existing wireless communication networks, pilot signals are transmitted on dedicated time-frequency resources, meaning that pilots and data, as well as different pilots, are orthogonal through these resources. Superimposed pilots (SIP) can address the resource overhead caused by transmitting too many pilots. Specifically, superimposed pilots refer to transmitting data and pilots simultaneously on the same time-frequency resources in a non-orthogonal manner; Figure 2 illustrates this. At the signal receiver, by utilizing the differences in power and / or form between pilot and data signals (e.g., specific pilot signal sequences or modulation schemes), traditional algorithms or artificial intelligence (AI) models can effectively distinguish between the two and ultimately resolve channel information and data. While this increases receiver complexity to some extent, SIP has the potential to significantly improve communication resource utilization efficiency. Similarly, for random access procedures, there is the possibility of superimposing pilots or preambles with payloads (e.g., PUSCH payloads) to improve resource utilization.

[0067] NR currently supports two preamble sequence lengths: 839 and 139. In principle, long preambles consume more resources but offer better resistance to multipath and Doppler effects, resulting in superior anti-interference capabilities. They are suitable for UEs in complex channel environments, with high mobility, and at cell edges. While long preambles are less resistant to multipath and Doppler effects, they save resources and are suitable for smaller cells and indoor deployments. In existing systems, the type of preamble used for random access (RA) is configured to the UE by the network via the SIB; a cell can only support one preamble length for random access at a time. However, even for cells with large radii, only a small portion of UEs are located at the cell edge. For UEs located in the cell center, using a long preamble for random access is unnecessary. Similarly, while long preambles are necessary for highly mobile UEs within the cell, they are less necessary for low-mobility UEs. With the improvement of network equipment signal processing capabilities and the introduction of new technologies such as AI, UEs can flexibly and specifically configure preamble length to help improve random access performance.

[0068] Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of an access method performed by a terminal device according to an embodiment of this application. This method can optionally be applied to the system shown in Figure 1, but is not limited thereto. The method includes at least a portion of the following:

[0069] S310. The terminal device sends a preamble to the network device; wherein, the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

[0070] In this embodiment, the preamble is also called a preamble. In some scenarios, the preamble can also be called a pilot. For example, the preamble can be a sequence used to distinguish the terminal device (i.e., UE) on the uplink during the RACH process. That is, step S310 above includes: the terminal device sending the preamble to the network device during the random access process.

[0071] Optionally, the preamble may include a sequence determined based on the root sequence index and cyclic shift, i.e., a preamble sequence. Optionally, the preamble may also include a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0072] In this embodiment, the format of the preamble can refer to its composition structure or transmission form. The format of the preamble can depend on one or more attributes / parameters of the preamble, such as sequence length, CP length, etc. That is, preambles with different attributes / parameters can be regarded as preambles of different formats. For example, preambles with different sequence lengths are preambles of different formats, or preambles with different CP lengths are preambles of different formats. In other words, the format of the preamble can include these attributes / parameters.

[0073] According to the above method, the format of the preamble sent by the terminal device to the network device can be determined based on the first information. That is, the format of the preamble is not fixed but variable; for example, the sequence length of the preamble can be variable. Optionally, the first information may differ in different states of the terminal device, different random access procedures, or different preamble transmission methods; in other words, the first information is related to one or more of the terminal device's state, random access procedure, and preamble transmission method. Accordingly, the format of the preamble can be determined based on the terminal device's state, random access procedure, and preamble transmission method.

[0074] Corresponding to the above method, FIG4 is a schematic flowchart of an access method performed by a network device according to another embodiment of the present application. The method includes:

[0075] S410. The network device receives a preamble from the terminal device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

[0076] The technical details of the preamble in this method can be found in the corresponding content of the access method executed by the terminal device mentioned above, and will not be elaborated here.

[0077] According to the methods of the above embodiments, the format of the preamble sent by the terminal device to the network device during random access can be determined based on the first information. Therefore, the format of the preamble can be set more flexibly, and an appropriate preamble format can be used in different scenarios, which helps to improve the overall uplink random access success rate and avoid unnecessary time and frequency resource occupation.

[0078] Figure 5 illustrates an application example of this application. As shown in Figure 5, in this application embodiment, a flexible format variation mechanism is introduced for the RACH preamble. For example, different UEs in the same cell are allowed to use preambles of different lengths; for instance, UE1 uses preamble 1 of the first length, and UE2 uses preamble 2 of the second length. This supports configuring the preamble format based on UE-specific information, which helps improve the overall uplink random access success rate and avoids unnecessary time-frequency resource consumption.

[0079] Optionally, the preamble mentioned above can be a preamble transmitted during random access initiated for any of the following reasons:

[0080] 1. Initial Access: This refers to the UE attempting to establish a connection to the network from an unconnected / idle state (RRC_IDLE).

[0081] 2. RRC connection re-establishment: After the radio link fails, the UE attempts to re-establish the RRC connection.

[0082] 3. Cell handover: When the UE is in connected state (RRC_CONNECTED), it needs to hand over to another cell due to signal quality or other reasons.

[0083] 4. Data arrival out-of-synchronization situation: In the RRC_CONNECTED state, if the UE loses uplink synchronization but uplink or downlink data arrives, resynchronization is required.

[0084] 5. Scheduling Request (SR) Failure: When a scheduling request (SR) fails, the UE may need to reacquire PUCCH resources through a random access procedure.

[0085] 6. Request during synchronization reconfiguration: Explicit request from RRC during synchronization reconfiguration.

[0086] 7. Time alignment is required when adding a secondary cell (SCell): In multi-cell operations, time alignment needs to be established when adding a secondary cell (SCell).

[0087] 8. Request other SIs: The UE needs to request other system information (SIs), for example, in the RRC_IDLE or RRC_CONNECTED state.

[0088] 9. Beam Failure Recovery: When the UE detects a beam failure and finds a new beam, it will select the new beam for recovery.

[0089] In some embodiments, the format of the preamble includes one or more of the following: sequence length, number of preamble repetitions, CP length, and subcarrier spacing.

[0090] In some embodiments, the association between the first information and the format of the preamble is agreed upon by the protocol or configured by the network device. For example, the network device can configure the association between the first information and the preamble format as shown in Table 1 below:

[0091] Table 1. Relationship between the first information and the preamble format

[0092] In some embodiments, the association between the first information and the format of the preamble is configured by the network device via broadcast messages, RRC signaling, or a Media Access Control Element (MAC CE).

[0093] For example, for the preamble format used for initial access, the network device can configure the association between the first information and the preamble format through broadcast messages (such as system information) so that the terminal device can determine the preamble format based on the first information.

[0094] For example, in cases of RRC connection re-establishment, cell handover, data arrival out-of-synchronization, SCell time alignment during addition, and random access procedures initiated by requests to other SIs or beams that fail to recover, network devices can configure the association between the first information and the format of the preamble through broadcast messages (e.g., system information), RRC signaling, or MAC CE, so that the terminal device can determine the format of the preamble based on the first information.

[0095] The following provides several optional methods for determining / configuring the preamble format, i.e., the specific implementation methods of the first information.

[0096] Method 1:

[0097] In some embodiments, the first information includes measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device. Here, the measurement information can also be understood as the measurement result, that is, the format of the preamble is determined based on the measurement result of the downlink signal.

[0098] The measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device can directly reflect the channel quality between it and the base station. When the UE is far from the base station or there is an obstruction in between, the path loss during signal propagation is large, resulting in lower received signal power; conversely, the same applies. Optionally, a simple preamble format (e.g., a shorter sequence length) can be used for preamble transmission when the measurement information is in a large value range to save resources, while a complex preamble format (e.g., a longer sequence length) can be used for preamble transmission when the measurement information is in a small value range to improve anti-interference capability. This helps to improve the overall uplink random access success rate and avoid unnecessary time-frequency resource consumption, i.e., improve random access performance.

[0099] In some embodiments, the downlink signal includes a synchronization signal and PBCH block (SSB).

[0100] Before the UE performs uplink random access via RACH, the UE has already achieved downlink synchronization and obtained system information by detecting the SSB. In one implementation, the UE can determine the length of the preamble to be sent for uplink random access based on the measurement results of the SSB (e.g., SS-RSRP, SS-RSRQ).

[0101] In some embodiments, the measurement information includes one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), received signal strength indication (RSSI), and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).

[0102] Taking RSRP as an example, the correlation between downlink signal measurement information and preamble format can be illustrated as follows:

[0103] Table 2. Correlation between downlink signal measurement information and preamble format

[0104] The association between the aforementioned RSRP interval and the preamble format can be determined through protocol agreement or network configuration (e.g., via broadcast messages, RRC, MAC CE, etc.). The preamble format includes at least the preamble sequence length and may also include configuration parameters such as the number of repetitions, CP length, and subcarrier spacing.

[0105] Method 2:

[0106] In some embodiments, the first information includes the moving speed of the terminal device, i.e., the format of the preamble is determined based on the mobility of the terminal device.

[0107] The preamble format (e.g., preamble length, or sequence length) affects the system's resistance to the Doppler effect. A more complex preamble format can provide more time-frequency resources to estimate and compensate for Doppler shift, thereby improving the random access performance of highly mobile terminals. Therefore, the preamble format can be adjusted according to the mobility of the terminal device. For example, a simpler preamble format (e.g., a shorter sequence length) can be used for preamble transmission when the mobile speed is within a smaller range to save resources, while a more complex preamble format (e.g., a longer sequence length) can be used when the mobile speed is within a larger range to improve anti-interference capabilities. This helps improve the overall uplink random access success rate and avoids unnecessary time-frequency resource consumption, thus improving random access performance.

[0108] Examples of the relationship between terminal device mobility and preamble format are as follows:

[0109] Table 3. Relationship between terminal device mobility and preamble format

[0110] The association between the aforementioned terminal device's mobile speed range and the preamble format can be determined through protocol agreement or configured by the network (e.g., via broadcast messages, RRC, MAC CE, etc.). The preamble format includes at least the preamble sequence length and may also include configuration parameters such as the number of repetitions, CP length, and subcarrier spacing.

[0111] Method 3:

[0112] In some embodiments, the first information includes the number of random access failures of the terminal device, i.e., the format of the preamble is determined based on the number of random access failures.

[0113] If a UE fails to complete random access on its initial preamble transmission, it will repeatedly transmit the preamble to attempt access again. In existing NR protocols, to improve the success rate of UE access, the UE will continuously increase the transmission power of the preamble with each additional attempt—a power ramping mechanism. Similarly, using more complex preambles (e.g., longer preamble sequences) also helps improve the UE access success rate. Therefore, the preamble format used can be determined based on the number of access attempts initiated by the UE. For example, see below.

[0114] Table 4. Correlation between the number of random access attempts of terminal devices and the preamble format

[0115] The correlation between the number of UE access attempts and the preamble format can be determined through protocol agreements or network configuration (e.g., via broadcast messages, RRC, MAC CE, etc.). The preamble format includes at least the preamble sequence length and may also include configuration parameters such as the number of repetitions, CP length, and subcarrier spacing.

[0116] Method 4:

[0117] In some embodiments, the first information includes the reason for initiating random access, i.e., the format of the preamble is determined based on the RA triggering reason. For example, the reason for initiating random access may include one or more of the following: initial access, RRC connection re-establishment, cell handover, data arrival out-of-synchronization, SR failure, synchronization reconfiguration request, SCell addition to establish time alignment, request for other SIs, and beam failure recovery. Based on different reasons for initiating RA, the system can configure different preamble formats (e.g., different preamble sequence lengths). For example, a longer preamble sequence length can be configured for initial access, and a shorter preamble sequence length can be configured for RRC connection re-establishment.

[0118] In some embodiments, the format of the preamble is determined based on the priority corresponding to the reason for initiating random access.

[0119] For example, the correspondence between the cause and priority of random access can be one-to-one or many-to-one. For instance, initial access corresponds to the first priority, using Preamble format A; cell handover corresponds to the second priority, using Preamble format B; and beam failure recovery corresponds to the third priority, using Preamble format C. As another example, initial access and RRC connection re-establishment correspond to the first priority, using Preamble format A; and cell handover and beam failure recovery correspond to the second priority, using Preamble format B. Optionally, for high-priority RA triggering causes, a more complex preamble format (e.g., a longer preamble sequence length) can be configured.

[0120] The relationship between the aforementioned RA triggering cause and the preamble format can be determined through protocol agreements or network configuration (e.g., via broadcast messages, RRC, MAC CE, etc.). The preamble format includes at least the preamble sequence length and may also include configuration parameters such as the number of repetitions, CP length, and subcarrier spacing.

[0121] Method 5:

[0122] In some embodiments, the first information includes the percentage of the preamble power on a first time-frequency resource; wherein the first time-frequency resource is used to overlay the transmission of the preamble and data. Optionally, this percentage may be the ratio between the preamble power and the total power on the first time-frequency resource, where the total power is the sum of the preamble power and the data power. In some embodiments, the first information may also include the ratio of the preamble power to the data power on the first time-frequency resource.

[0123] In this embodiment, data and preamble (pilot) are transmitted simultaneously in a non-orthogonal manner on the same time-frequency resources; that is, the preamble is transmitted in the form of superimposed pilots. Network devices can decode the data and preamble by utilizing the differences in power and / or format between the preamble and data, effectively improving the utilization rate of time-frequency resources. When the preamble is transmitted in the form of superimposed pilots, the format of the preamble can be related to its power ratio. For example, a smaller preamble power ratio (e.g., preamble power: superimposed data power = 0.1:0.9; or preamble power: total power = 0.1:1) is beneficial for reducing interference from the preamble to the superimposed data, but detrimental to the synchronization / detection performance of the preamble. Increasing the complexity of the preamble format can compensate for the loss in power ratio; therefore, different preamble power ratios can correspond to different preamble formats.

[0124] For example, the preamble mentioned above can be a preamble in a 2-step RACH process, in which the preamble and MsgA are transmitted in a superimposed form occupying the first time-frequency resource, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the proportion of the preamble on the first video resource.

[0125] The relationship between the aforementioned superimposed power ratio and the preamble format can be determined through protocol agreement or network configuration (e.g., via broadcast messages, RRC, MAC CE, etc.). The preamble format includes at least the preamble sequence length and may also include configuration parameters such as the number of repetitions, CP length, and subcarrier spacing.

[0126] Optionally, the above methods can be combined. Specifically, the first information may include multiple items such as the measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device, the moving speed of the terminal device, the number of random access failures of the terminal device, the reason for initiating random access, and the proportion of the preamble power in the first time-frequency resource.

[0127] For example, the first information may include measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device and the number of random access failures of the terminal device. That is, the terminal device determines the format of the preamble based on the measurement information of the downlink signal and the number of random access failures. For example, the format of the preamble can be determined with reference to Table 5:

[0128] Table 5. Correlation between downlink signal measurement information, random access attempts, and preamble format.

[0129] For example, the first information may include the moving speed of the terminal device and the reason for initiating random access. Alternatively, the first information may include measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device, the moving speed of the terminal device, and the number of random access failures of the terminal device. In practical applications, the specific content of the first information can be determined according to the specific application scenario, protocol agreement, system agreement, or network configuration. For the sake of brevity, various combinations are not listed here.

[0130] It should be noted that the above description shows the association configuration between the first information and the format of the preamble in tabular form. In practical applications, the association between the first information and the format of the preamble can also be configured in other forms, such as using formulas based on RSRP or speed to determine the preamble sequence length or CP length. This application does not limit the configuration form of the association.

[0131] Preambles need to be transmitted on a specific resource set, namely RACH resources. Unlike existing protocols, this scheme allows different UEs within the same cell to use preambles of different lengths, and even preambles of different formats. How to transmit preambles of different formats on RACH resources is also a technical problem that needs to be solved. The following describes several optional methods for determining / configuring RACH resources.

[0132] In some embodiments, the preamble is transmitted on a first RACH resource; wherein the first RACH resource is used to transmit preambles of various formats. That is, different preamble formats use a common RACH resource (the first RACH resource). Different preamble formats are all transmitted on a unified RACH resource, which, while placing higher demands on network equipment, can improve resource utilization. The network equipment can determine the format of the received preamble based on blind detection. Different preamble formats can be reflected in differences in preamble sequence length, repetition count, CP length, or subcarrier spacing. Optionally, the first RACH resource can be configured by the network equipment.

[0133] In some embodiments, the preamble is transmitted on a second RACH resource associated with the format. According to this embodiment, different preamble formats can be transmitted on different RACH resources, which facilitates preamble detection by network devices.

[0134] In some embodiments, the association between the format of the preamble and the second RACH resource is configured by the network device.

[0135] Optionally, network devices can configure the association between the preamble format and the second RACH resource through, for example, broadcast messages, RRC, or MAC CE, so that terminal devices can know the RACH resource corresponding to different preamble formats, as shown in the following example:

[0136] Table 6. Relationship between Preamble format and RACH resources

[0137] Different preamble formats can be reflected in the different lengths of the preamble sequence, as well as in the different number of repetitions, CP length, and subcarrier spacing.

[0138] In some embodiments, the preamble is transmitted on a third RACH resource associated with the format set to which the format belongs. Specifically, a format set consisting of one or more formats shares the same RACH resource, while different format sets use different RACH resources.

[0139] In some embodiments, the association between the format set and the third RACH resource is configured by the network device.

[0140] Optionally, network devices can configure the association between different format sets and third RACH resources, such as broadcast messages, RRC, MAC CE configuration format sets, to enable terminal devices to know the RACH resources corresponding to different format sets, as shown in the following examples:

[0141] Table 7 shows the relationship between the format set and RACH resources.

[0142] Different preamble formats can be reflected in the different lengths of the preamble sequence, as well as in the different number of repetitions, CP length, and subcarrier spacing.

[0143] With the improvement of network equipment signal processing capabilities and the introduction of new technologies such as AI, network equipment will have stronger signal processing capabilities and be able to support more flexible preamble transmission and reception methods. The UE-specific configuration preamble format supported by the embodiments of this application will help improve the overall uplink random access success rate and avoid unnecessary time and frequency resource occupation, thereby effectively improving random access performance.

[0144] Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device 600 according to an embodiment of the present application. The terminal device 600 may include:

[0145] The first communication module 610 is used to send a preamble to the network device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

[0146] In some embodiments, the first information includes one or more of the following:

[0147] Measurement information of downlink signals received by the terminal device;

[0148] The moving speed of the terminal device;

[0149] The number of random access failures of the terminal device;

[0150] Reasons for initiating random access;

[0151] The power of the preamble is the percentage of the power allocated to the first time-frequency resource; the first time-frequency resource is used to superimpose the preamble and data for transmission.

[0152] In some embodiments, the downlink signal includes SSB.

[0153] In some embodiments, the measurement information includes one or more of RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, and SINR.

[0154] In some embodiments, the format of the preamble is determined based on the priority corresponding to the reason for initiating random access.

[0155] In some embodiments, the format of the preamble includes one or more of the following: sequence length, number of preamble repetitions, CP length, and subcarrier spacing.

[0156] In some embodiments, the association between the first information and the format of the preamble is agreed upon by the protocol or configured by the network device.

[0157] In some embodiments, the association between the first information and the format of the preamble is configured by the network device via broadcast messages, RRC signaling, or MAC CE.

[0158] In some embodiments, the preamble is transmitted on a first RACH resource; wherein the first RACH resource is used to transmit preambles in various formats.

[0159] In some embodiments, the preamble is transmitted on a second RACH resource associated with the format.

[0160] In some embodiments, the association between the format and the second RACH resource is configured by the network device.

[0161] In some embodiments, the preamble is transmitted on a third RACH resource associated with the format set to which the format belongs.

[0162] In some embodiments, the association between the format set and the third RACH resource is configured by the network device.

[0163] The terminal device 600 of this application embodiment can implement the corresponding functions of the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiments. The processes, functions, implementation methods, and beneficial effects of each module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.) in the terminal device 600 can be found in the corresponding descriptions in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described for each module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.) in the terminal device 600 of the application embodiment can be implemented by different modules (sub-modules, units, or components, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.).

[0164] Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of a network device 700 according to an embodiment of the present application. The network device 700 may include:

[0165] The second communication module 710 is used to receive a preamble from the terminal device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

[0166] In some embodiments, the first information includes one or more of the following:

[0167] Measurement information of downlink signals received by the terminal device;

[0168] The moving speed of the terminal device;

[0169] The number of random access failures of the terminal device;

[0170] Reasons for initiating random access;

[0171] The power of the preamble is the percentage of the power allocated to the first time-frequency resource; the first time-frequency resource is used to superimpose the preamble and data for transmission.

[0172] In some embodiments, the downlink signal includes SSB.

[0173] In some embodiments, the measurement information includes one or more of RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, and SINR.

[0174] In some embodiments, the format of the preamble is determined based on the priority corresponding to the reason for initiating random access.

[0175] In some embodiments, the format of the preamble includes one or more of the following: sequence length, number of preamble repetitions, CP length, and subcarrier spacing.

[0176] In some embodiments, the association between the first information and the format of the preamble is agreed upon by the protocol or configured by the network device.

[0177] In some embodiments, the association between the first information and the format of the preamble is configured by the network device via broadcast messages, RRC signaling, or MAC CE.

[0178] In some embodiments, the preamble is transmitted on a first RACH resource; wherein the first RACH resource is used to transmit preambles in various formats.

[0179] In some embodiments, the preamble is transmitted on a second RACH resource associated with the format.

[0180] In some embodiments, the association between the format and the second RACH resource is configured by the network device.

[0181] In some embodiments, the preamble is transmitted on a third RACH resource associated with the format set to which the format belongs.

[0182] In some embodiments, the association between the format set and the third RACH resource is configured by the network device.

[0183] The network device 700 of this application embodiment can realize the corresponding functions of the network device in the foregoing method embodiments. The processes, functions, implementation methods, and beneficial effects of each module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.) in the network device 700 can be found in the corresponding descriptions in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described for each module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.) in the network device 700 of the application embodiment can be implemented by different modules (sub-modules, units, or components, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.).

[0184] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 800 according to an embodiment of this application. The communication device 800 includes a processor 810, which can call and run computer programs from memory to enable the communication device 800 to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0185] In one embodiment, the communication device 800 may further include a memory 820. The processor 810 can retrieve and run computer programs from the memory 820 to enable the communication device 800 to implement the methods described in the embodiments of this application.

[0186] The memory 820 can be a separate device independent of the processor 810, or it can be integrated into the processor 810.

[0187] In one embodiment, the communication device 800 may further include a transceiver 830, which the processor 810 may control to communicate with other devices. Specifically, it may send information or data to other devices or receive information or data sent by other devices.

[0188] The transceiver 830 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 830 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.

[0189] In one embodiment, the communication device 800 may be a network device in the embodiments of this application, and the communication device 800 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the network device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0190] In one embodiment, the communication device 800 may be a terminal device in the embodiments of this application, and the communication device 800 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0191] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip 900 according to an embodiment of this application. The chip 900 includes a processor 910, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0192] In one embodiment, chip 900 may further include memory 920. Processor 910 can retrieve and run computer programs from memory 920 to implement the methods executed by the terminal device or network device in this embodiment.

[0193] The memory 920 can be a separate device independent of the processor 910, or it can be integrated into the processor 910.

[0194] In one embodiment, the chip 900 may further include an input interface 930. The processor 910 can control the input interface 930 to communicate with other devices or chips; specifically, it can acquire information or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0195] In one embodiment, the chip 900 may further include an output interface 940. The processor 910 can control the output interface 940 to communicate with other devices or chips; specifically, it can output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0196] In one implementation, the chip can be applied to the network device in the embodiments of this application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the network device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0197] In one embodiment, the chip can be applied to the terminal device in the embodiments of this application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the terminal device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0198] The chips used in network equipment and terminal equipment can be the same chip or different chips.

[0199] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0200] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. Among them, the general-purpose processors mentioned above can be microprocessors or any conventional processor.

[0201] The aforementioned memory can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or a combination of both. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM).

[0202] It should be understood that the above-described memory is exemplary and not a limiting description. For example, the memory in the embodiments of this application may also be static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DR RAM), etc. That is to say, the memory in the embodiments of this application is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0203] Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 1000 according to an embodiment of this application. The communication system 1000 includes a terminal device 1010 and a network device 1020.

[0204] Terminal device 1010 sends a preamble to network device 1020; wherein, the preamble is used to initiate random access to network device 1020, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

[0205] Network device 1020 receives a preamble from terminal device 1010.

[0206] Specifically, the terminal device 1010 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the terminal device in the above method, and the network device 1020 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the network device in the above method. For the sake of brevity, further details are omitted here.

[0207] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When these computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state drives (SSDs)).

[0208] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0209] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0210] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An access method, comprising: The terminal device sends a preamble to the network device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first information includes one or more of the following: The measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device; The moving speed of the terminal device; The number of random access failures of the terminal device; The reason for initiating the random access; The power of the preamble is the percentage of the power on the first time-frequency resource; wherein the first time-frequency resource is used to superimpose the preamble and data for transmission.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The downlink signal includes a synchronization signal block (SSB).

4. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The measurement information includes one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), and Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR).

5. The method of any one of claims 2-4, wherein, The format of the preamble is determined based on the priority corresponding to the reason for initiating the random access.

6. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The format of the preamble includes one or more of the following: sequence length, number of repetitions of the preamble, length of the cyclic prefix (CP), and subcarrier spacing.

7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is agreed upon by the protocol or configured by the network device.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is configured by the network device through broadcast messages, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, or Media Access Control Unit (MAC CE).

9. The method of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the first random access channel (RACH) resource; wherein the first RACH resource is used to transmit preambles in various formats.

10. The method of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the second RACH resource associated with the format.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The association between the format and the second RACH resource is configured by the network device.

12. The method of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the third RACH resource associated with the format set to which the format belongs.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The association between the format set and the third RACH resource is configured by the network device.

14. An access method, comprising: The network device receives a preamble from the terminal device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on first information.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, The first information includes one or more of the following: The measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device; The moving speed of the terminal device; The number of random access failures of the terminal device; The reason for initiating the random access; The power of the preamble is the percentage of the power on the first time-frequency resource; wherein the first time-frequency resource is used to superimpose the preamble and data for transmission.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The downlink signal includes SSB.

17. The method of claim 15 or 16, wherein, The measurement information includes one or more of RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, and SINR.

18. The method of any one of claims 14-17, wherein, The format of the preamble is determined based on the priority corresponding to the reason for initiating the random access.

19. The method of any one of claims 14-18, wherein, The format of the preamble includes one or more of the following: sequence length, number of repetitions of the preamble, length of CP, and subcarrier spacing.

20. The method of any one of claims 14-19, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is agreed upon by the protocol or configured by the network device.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is configured by the network device through broadcast messages, RRC signaling, or MAC CE.

22. The method of any one of claims 14-21, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the first RACH resource; wherein the first RACH resource is used to transmit preambles in various formats.

23. The method of any one of claims 14-21, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the second RACH resource associated with the format.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein, The association between the format and the second RACH resource is configured by the network device.

25. The method of any one of claims 14-21, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the third RACH resource associated with the format set to which the format belongs.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein, The association between the format set and the third RACH resource is configured by the network device.

27. A terminal device, comprising: A first communication module is used to send a preamble to a network device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on first information.

28. The terminal device of claim 27, wherein, The first information includes one or more of the following: The measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device; The moving speed of the terminal device; The number of random access failures of the terminal device; The reason for initiating the random access; The power of the preamble is the percentage of the power on the first time-frequency resource; wherein the first time-frequency resource is used to superimpose the preamble and data for transmission.

29. The terminal device of claim 28, wherein, The downlink signal includes SSB.

30. The terminal device of claim 28 or 29, wherein, The measurement information includes one or more of RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, and SINR.

31. The terminal device of any one of claims 28-30, wherein, The format of the preamble is determined based on the priority corresponding to the reason for initiating the random access.

32. The terminal device of any one of claims 27-31, wherein, The format of the preamble includes one or more of the following: sequence length, number of repetitions of the preamble, length of CP, and subcarrier spacing.

33. The terminal device of any one of claims 27-32, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is agreed upon by the protocol or configured by the network device.

34. The terminal device of claim 33, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is configured by the network device through broadcast messages, RRC signaling, or MAC CE.

35. The terminal device of any one of claims 27-34, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the first RACH resource; wherein the first RACH resource is used to transmit preambles in various formats.

36. The terminal device of any one of claims 27-34, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the second RACH resource associated with the format.

37. The terminal device of claim 36, wherein, The association between the format and the second RACH resource is configured by the network device.

38. The terminal device of any one of claims 27-34, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the third RACH resource associated with the format set to which the format belongs.

39. The terminal device of claim 38, wherein, The association between the format set and the third RACH resource is configured by the network device.

40. A network device, comprising: The second communication module is used to receive a preamble from the terminal device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

41. The network device of claim 40, wherein, The first information includes one or more of the following: The measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device; The moving speed of the terminal device; The number of random access failures of the terminal device; The reason for initiating the random access; The power of the preamble is the percentage of the power on the first time-frequency resource; wherein the first time-frequency resource is used to superimpose the preamble and data for transmission.

42. The network device of claim 41, wherein, The downlink signal includes SSB.

43. The network device of claim 41 or 42, wherein, The measurement information includes one or more of RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, and SINR.

44. The network device of any of claims 40-43, wherein, The format of the preamble is determined based on the priority corresponding to the reason for initiating the random access.

45. The network device of any of claims 40-44, wherein, The format of the preamble includes one or more of the following: sequence length, number of repetitions of the preamble, length of CP, and subcarrier spacing.

46. The network device of any of claims 40-45, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is agreed upon by the protocol or configured by the network device.

47. The network device of claim 46, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is configured by the network device through broadcast messages, RRC signaling, or MAC CE.

48. The network device of any of claims 40-47, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the first RACH resource; wherein the first RACH resource is used to transmit preambles in various formats.

49. The network device of any of claims 40-47, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the second RACH resource associated with the format.

50. The network device of claim 49, wherein, The association between the format and the second RACH resource is configured by the network device.

51. The network device of any of claims 40-47, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the third RACH resource associated with the format set to which the format belongs.

52. The network device of claim 51, wherein, The association between the format set and the third RACH resource is configured by the network device.

53. A terminal device comprising: The transceiver, processor, and memory, wherein the memory stores computer programs, the transceiver communicates with other devices, and the processor invokes and runs the computer programs stored in the memory to cause the terminal device to perform the following: Send a preamble to the network device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on the first information.

54. The terminal device of claim 53, wherein, The first information includes one or more of the following: The measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device; The moving speed of the terminal device; The number of random access failures of the terminal device; The reason for initiating the random access; The power of the preamble is the percentage of the power on the first time-frequency resource; wherein the first time-frequency resource is used to superimpose the preamble and data for transmission.

55. The terminal device of claim 54, wherein, The downlink signal includes SSB.

56. The terminal device of claim 54 or 55, wherein, The measurement information includes one or more of RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, and SINR.

57. The terminal device of any one of claims 54-56, wherein, The format of the preamble is determined based on the priority corresponding to the reason for initiating the random access.

58. The terminal device of any one of claims 53-57, wherein, The format of the preamble includes one or more of the following: sequence length, number of repetitions of the preamble, length of CP, and subcarrier spacing.

59. The terminal device of any one of claims 53-58, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is agreed upon by the protocol or configured by the network device.

60. The terminal device of claim 59, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is configured by the network device through broadcast messages, RRC signaling, or MAC CE.

61. The terminal device of any one of claims 53-60, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the first RACH resource; wherein the first RACH resource is used to transmit preambles in various formats.

62. The terminal device of any one of claims 53-60, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the second RACH resource associated with the format.

63. The terminal device of claim 62, wherein, The association between the format and the second RACH resource is configured by the network device.

64. The terminal device of any one of claims 53-60, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the third RACH resource associated with the format set to which the format belongs.

65. The terminal device of claim 64, wherein, The association between the format set and the third RACH resource is configured by the network device.

66. A network device comprising: The network device includes a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory stores computer programs. The transceiver communicates with other devices. The processor invokes and runs the computer programs stored in the memory to cause the network device to perform the following: Receive a preamble from a terminal device; wherein the preamble is used to initiate random access to the network device, and the format of the preamble is determined based on first information.

67. The network device of claim 66, wherein, The first information includes one or more of the following: The measurement information of the downlink signal received by the terminal device; The moving speed of the terminal device; The number of random access failures of the terminal device; The reason for initiating the random access; The power of the preamble is the percentage of the power on the first time-frequency resource; wherein the first time-frequency resource is used to superimpose the preamble and data for transmission.

68. The network device of claim 67, wherein, The downlink signal includes SSB.

69. The network device of claim 67 or 68, wherein, The measurement information includes one or more of RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, and SINR.

70. The network device of any of claims 66-69, wherein, The format of the preamble is determined based on the priority corresponding to the reason for initiating the random access.

71. The network device of any of claims 66-70, wherein, The format of the preamble includes one or more of the following: sequence length, number of repetitions of the preamble, length of CP, and subcarrier spacing.

72. The network device of any of claims 66-71, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is agreed upon by the protocol or configured by the network device.

73. The network device of claim 72, wherein, The association between the first information and the format of the preamble is configured by the network device through broadcast messages, RRC signaling, or MAC CE.

74. The network device of any of claims 66-73, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the first RACH resource; wherein the first RACH resource is used to transmit preambles in various formats.

75. The network device of any of claims 66-74, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the second RACH resource associated with the format.

76. The network device of claim 75, wherein, The association between the format and the second RACH resource is configured by the network device.

77. The network device of any of claims 66-73, wherein, The preamble is transmitted on the third RACH resource associated with the format set to which the format belongs.

78. The network device of claim 77, wherein, The association between the format set and the third RACH resource is configured by the network device.

79. A chip comprising: A processor for retrieving and running a computer program from memory, causing a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

80. A chip comprising: A processor for retrieving and running a computer program from memory, causing a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the method as described in any one of claims 14 to 26.

81. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when run by a device, causes the device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.

82. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when run by a device, causes the device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 14 to 26.

83. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

84. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 14 to 26.

85. A computer program that causes a computer to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.

86. A computer program that causes a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 14 to 26.

87. A communication system, comprising: A terminal device for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 13; A network device for performing the method as described in any one of claims 14 to 26.

Images