Uses and methods of bispecific antibody-drug conjugates for treating tumor diseases
Bispecific antibody-drug conjugates targeting EGFR and c-MET provide effective treatment for cancers with KRAS mutations and wild-type EGFR by enhancing tumor cell killing, addressing the limitations of current therapies.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SICHUAN KELUN BIOTECH BIOPHARMACEUTICAL CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-30
AI Technical Summary
Current bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates targeting EGFR and c-MET are not effective for treating KRAS mutations and wild-type EGFR, leading to poor responsiveness in cancer patients, and there is a need for safer and more durable treatments.
Development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) comprising bispecific antibodies that bind to both EGFR and c-MET, conjugated with cytotoxic drugs, which are designed to target various tumor types, including those with KRAS mutations and wild-type EGFR, using specific antigen-binding domains and linkers to enhance efficacy.
The ADCs demonstrate affinity and killing activity against EGFR and c-MET positive tumor cells, offering improved treatment options for cancers such as lung, colorectal, and head and neck cancers, even in cases resistant to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Figure PCTCN2025128741-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
USES AND METHODS OF BISPECIFIC ANTIBODY-DRUG CONJUGATES FOR TREATING TUMOR DISEASESRELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of Chinese Application Nos. 202411468437.8, filed October 21, 2024, 202411632722.9, filed November 15, 2024, 202510626193. X, filed May 15, 2025, and 202511446489. X, filed October 10, 2025, the disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.FIELD
[0002] The present application relates to the use of a drug in treating a disease associated with abnormal cell activity in a subject, such as a tumor disease, wherein the relevant gene of the subject suffering from the tumor disease is mutant or wild type, and the subject has undergone or has not undergone first-line or second-line treatment.BACKGROUND
[0003] Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces mitogenic signals. Under normal conditions, EGFR is a monomer. When it binds to related ligands such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF-α) , it forms homologous / heterodimers. The dimers are phosphorylated and then activate multiple downstream signaling pathways, promoting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, invasion and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Many solid tumors have been found to overexpress EGFR, such as colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer and esophageal cancer, making EGFR a good target for tumor treatment. Currently, anti-EGFR drugs mainly include tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) , anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and antibody-drug conjugates.
[0004] EGFR gene mutations are found in approximately 12%to 47%of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (Midha, 2015) . The two most common EGFR alterations found in NSCLC are a short in-frame deletion in exon 19 (del19) and L858R, a single missense mutation in exon 21 of the EGFR gene. These two mutations cause ligand-independent EGFR activation and are collectively referred to as EGFR M+. These two mutations sensitize NSCLC to treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Clinical experience shows that the objective response rate of patients with EGFR M+ NSCLC is approximately 60-85%in first-line treatment with first-, second-, and third-generation EGFR TKIs erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, and osimertinib (Mitsudomi, 2010; Park, 2016; Soria, 2017; Zhou, 2011) . These responses suggest that EGFR M+ NSCLC cells and tumors rely on oncogenic EGFR activity for survival and proliferation, establishing del19 or L858R mutant EGFR as an effective drug target and predictive biomarker for the treatment of NSCLC. However, approximately 10%to 12%of EGFR-mutant NSCLC tumors harbor in-frame insertions within exon 20 of EGFR and are often resistant to EGFR TKIs (CN110291104) . Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies or bispecific antibodies block ligand-induced EGFR tyrosine kinase activation by competitively binding to the EGFR extracellular domain. EGFR monoclonal antibody drugs that have been approved for marketing in China include cetuximab and nimotuzumab. Clinical data show that EGFR monoclonal antibodies are only effective against KRAS wild type and do not exhibit tumor suppressor activity against KRAS mutants.
[0005] Tyrosine protein kinase Met (c-MET) , also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) , is a heterodimeric transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor encoded by the Met proto-oncogene. The natural ligand of the c-MET receptor is hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) , an inactive protein that is converted to the active form by proteolytic cleavage. Dysregulation of c-MET has been reported in a variety of cancers, including colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, and breast cancer. High activation of c-MET and its downstream signaling pathways has been shown to trigger excessive proliferation, tumor invasion, angiogenesis, and is associated with poor survival.
[0006] Nearly 60%of tumors that become resistant to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have increased c-MET expression, amplified c-MET, or increased c-MET ligand HGF (Turke et al., Cancer Cell, 17: 77-88, 2010) , indicating that the tumor c-MET signaling pathway compensates for the EGFR signaling pathway. Both EGFR and c-MET signal through the same survival and anti-apoptotic pathways (ERK and AKT) . Targeting EGFR and c-MET at the same time is expected to inhibit both EGFR and c-MET signaling pathways at the same time, avoiding the occurrence and development of tumors caused by activation of the c-MET signaling pathway after EGFR inhibition, thereby improving overall efficacy and safety.
[0007] Several EGFR / c-Met bispecific antibodies have been disclosed in the art. The bispecific antibody BSAB01 disclosed in WO2010115551 comprises the EGFR-binding VH / VL pair (Fab) of cetuximab and the c-Met-binding VH / VL pair (Fab) of onartuzumab, which is currently in Phase III trials. US9593164 discloses Amivantamab, a bispecific antibody with the trade name Amivantamab comprises an anti-EGFR Fab comprising the VH and VL of Zalutumumab (see US7247301 and US7595378) and an anti-cMET Fab comprising the VH and VL of antibody 069 disclosed in US9068011. Sellman et al. (J Biol Chem. 291 (48) : 25106-25119 (2016) ) disclosed an EGFR / c-Met bispecific antibody conjugated to vedotin. WO2023083846 discloses a bispecific ADC formed by conjugating an EGFR / c-Met bispecific antibody with a camptothecin derivative, namely AZD9592.
[0008] Despite the above-mentioned bispecific antibodies and ADCs targeting EGFR and c-Met, there is still a need in the art for safer, more efficient and / or more durable bispecific products for the effective treatment of patients with various relevant types of cancer or cancer subtypes, for example, for patients with KRAS mutations and / or wild-type EGFR who are poorly responsive to TKI inhibitors.SUMMARY
[0009] The present disclosure provides antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) useful for preventing, treating, and / or acting as an adjuvant in treating a tumor. The ADCs of the present invention comprise a bispecific antibody comprising an arm specific for binding to EGFR and an arm specific for binding to c-MET conjugated to a cytotoxic drug. In particular embodiments, the bispecific antibody comprises an scFv that binds EGFR and a Fab that binds c-MET. In other embodiments, the bispecific antibody comprises a Fab that binds EGFR and an scFv that binds c-MET or comprises an scFv that binds EGFR and an scFv that binds c-MET.
[0010] Exemplary ADCs comprising bispecific antibodies 07B, 10B, 38B, or 49B disclosed herein display affinity for EGFR and c-MET and killing activity in vivo and in vitro against EGFR and / or c-MET positive tumor cells, such as gastric cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (e.g., lung adenocarcinoma) , epidermal squamous cell carcinoma, and the like.
[0011] One aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an antibody-drug conjugate as shown in the following formula (I) in the preparation of a drug for treating a tumor disease in a subject: Ab- [M-L-E-D] x wherein: Ab is a bispecific antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a first antigen-binding domain that specifically binds to c-MET and a second antigen-binding domain that specifically binds to EGFR; M is a linker site connected to the bispecific antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof; L is a structural fragment connecting the linker sites M and E; E is a structural fragment connecting L and D; D is the cytotoxic drug fragment; and x is selected from any integer from 1 to 10.
[0012] In one embodiment, the tumor disease is selected from lung cancer, epithelial cell cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, oral cancer, colorectal cancer, anal cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, pharyngeal cancer, nasal cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, tongue cancer, esophageal cancer, vaginal cancer, cervical cancer, spleen cancer, testicular cancer, gastric cancer, thymic cancer, thyroid cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, sporadic or hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma, colon cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer or head and neck cancer.
[0013] In one embodiment, the tumor disease is selected from lung cancer, head and neck cancer, and colorectal cancer.
[0014] In one embodiment, the lung cancer is selected from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer.
[0015] In one embodiment, the tumor disease comprises an EGFR wild-type, EGFR mutant, KRAS wild-type, or KRAS mutant.
[0016] In one embodiment, the lung cancer is NSCLC.
[0017] In one embodiment, the NSCLC is lung adenocarcinoma or lung squamous cell carcinoma.
[0018] In one embodiment, the NSCLC comprises an EGFR wild-type or EGFR mutant.
[0019] In one embodiment, the EGFR mutant NSCLC comprises an EGFR mutation selected from the group consisting of L858R, ex19 del, 20ins, or T790M.
[0020] In one embodiment, the subject has received or is naive with a first-generation, second-generation, or third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (such as erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, osimertinib, CO-1686, AZD9192, or cetuximab) .
[0021] In one embodiment, the subject has undergone taxol / carbo therapy.
[0022] In one embodiment, the subject has or does not have resistance to treatment with a first-generation, second-generation, or third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (such as erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, osimertinib, CO-1686, AZD9192, or cetuximab) .
[0023] In one embodiment, the subject is resistant to osimertinib.
[0024] In one embodiment, the tumor disease is head and neck cancer.
[0025] In one embodiment, the tumor disease is colorectal cancer.
[0026] In one embodiment, the head and neck cancer or colorectal cancer comprises a KRAS mutant.
[0027] In one embodiment, the KRAS mutant head and neck cancer or colorectal cancer comprises a mutation selected from a mutation at position G12 or position G13.
[0028] In one embodiment, the KRAS mutant head and neck cancer or colorectal cancer comprises a mutation selected from G12C, G12V, G12D, G12R, G12S, G12A, G12E, G13D, G13C.
[0029] In one embodiment, the KRAS mutant head and neck cancer or colorectal cancer comprises a mutation selected from G12C, G12D, G12V, or G13D.
[0030] In another embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate is selected from: ADC A-05 ADC A-14 and ADC B-01 wherein Ab is a bispecific antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a first antigen-binding domain that specifically binds to c-MET and a second antigen-binding domain that specifically binds to EGFR; represents the specific connection mode between the sulfhydryl group in the bispecific antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof and other parts in the antibody-drug conjugate; and x represents the drug loading amount.
[0031] In one embodiment, wherein the first antigen-binding domain of the Ab comprises a first light chain variable region (VL) and a first heavy chain variable region (VH) , and wherein the first VL comprises LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59; and / or the first VH comprises HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60.
[0032] In one embodiment, the first VL comprises: (i) LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 36, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 38; or (ii) LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 35, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 37, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 38; and / or, the first VH comprises: (i) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 39, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 43, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 47; (ii) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 40, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 44, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 47; (iii) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 42, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 46, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 47; or (iv) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 45, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 48.
[0033] In one embodiment, the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59, and / or the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60; or the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17, and the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18; or the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 59, and the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 60.
[0034] In one embodiment, wherein the second antigen-binding domain of the Ab comprises a second VL and a second VH, and wherein the second VL comprises the LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15; and / or the second VH comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16.
[0035] In another embodiment, the second VL comprises: (i) LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23; or (ii) LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 20, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23; and / or, the second VH comprises: (i) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 28, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32; (ii) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 29, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32; (iii) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32; or (iv) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 30, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 33.
[0036] In one embodiment, the second VL comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15, and / or the second VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16.
[0037] In one embodiment, the bispecific antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof further comprises an Fc domain, wherein the Fc domain comprises a first Fc domain monomer containing amino acid modifications capable of forming a knob structure and a second Fc domain monomer containing amino acid modifications capable of forming a hole structure, wherein the hole structure can pair with the knob structure to form a heterodimeric Fc domain.
[0038] In one embodiment, the first Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 51, and the second Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 52.
[0039] In one embodiment, the first antigen-binding domain is a Fab, and the second antigen-binding domain is an scFv.
[0040] In one embodiment, the bispecific antibody comprises a peptide chain I-A, a peptide chain I-B and a peptide chain I-C; wherein the peptide chain I-A comprises the first VL and a light chain constant region; the peptide chain I-B comprises: the VH, a heavy chain CH1 region and the first Fc domain monomer (or the second Fc domain monomer) ; the peptide chain I-C comprises: the second VL, the second VH and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) .
[0041] In one embodiment, the peptide chain I-A comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus the first VL and the light chain constant region; the peptide chain I-B comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus the first VH, the heavy chain CH1 region and the first Fc domain monomer (or the second Fc domain monomer) ; and / or the peptide chain I-C comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus (i) the second VL, the second VH and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) , or (ii) the second VH, the second VL and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) .
[0042] In one embodiment, the adjacent domains of the peptide chain I-A are connected optionally with or without a linker, and the adjacent domains of the peptide chain I-B are connected optionally with or without a linker, and / or the adjacent domains of the peptide chain I-C are connected optionally with or without a linker.
[0043] In one embodiment, the linkers are each independently the same peptide linker or different peptide linkers (e.g., rigid peptide linkers or flexible peptide linkers) ; or the peptide linkers are each independently selected from the group consisting of peptide linkers comprising one or more glycines (G) and / or serines (S) , for example, embodiments wherein the peptide linkers have the structure shown as (GGGGS) n, wherein n is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 (SEQ ID NOs: 55-58 or 63-68) ; or the peptide linkers each independently comprise the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 55-58, 61, or 63-68.
[0044] In one embodiment, the light chain constant region comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 53, and / or the heavy chain CH1 region comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 54.
[0045] In one embodiment, the peptide chain I-A comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, the peptide chain I-B comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 9, and / or the peptide chain I-C comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 or 10.
[0046] In one embodiment, the first antigen-binding domain is an scFv, and the second antigen-binding domain is a Fab.
[0047] In one embodiment, the bispecific antibody comprises a peptide chain II-A, a peptide chain II-B and a peptide chain II-C; wherein the peptide chain II-A comprises the second VL and a light chain constant region; the peptide chain II-B comprises the second VH, a heavy chain CH1 region and the first Fc domain monomer (or the second Fc domain monomer) , the peptide chain II -C comprises: the first VL, the first VH and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) .
[0048] In one embodiment, the peptide chain II-A comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus the second VL and the light chain constant region; and the peptide chain II-B comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus the second VH, the heavy chain CH1 region and the first Fc domain monomer (or the second Fc domain monomer) ; and / or the peptide chain II-C comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus (i) the first VL, the first VH and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) , or (ii) the first VH, the first VL and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) .
[0049] In one embodiment, the adjacent domains of the peptide chain II-A are connected optionally with or without a linker; the adjacent domains of the peptide chain II-B are connected optionally with or without a linker, and / or the adjacent domains of the peptide chain II-C are connected optionally with or without a linker.
[0050] In one embodiment, the linkers are each independently the same peptide linker or different peptide linkers (e.g., rigid peptide linkers or flexible peptide linkers) ; or the peptide linkers are each independently selected from peptide linkers comprising one or more glycines (G) and / or serines (S) , for example, embodiments wherein the peptide linkers have the structure shown in (GGGGS) n, wherein n is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 (SEQ ID NO: 55-58 or 63-68) ; or the peptide linkers each independently comprise the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 55-58, 61, or 63-68.
[0051] In one embodiment, the light chain constant region comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 53, and / or the heavy chain CH1 region comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 54.
[0052] In one embodiment, the peptide chain II-A comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, the peptide chain II-B comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 or 7, and / or the peptide chain II-C comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 6 or 8.
[0053] In one embodiment, the bispecific antibody comprises: (1) peptide chain I-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, peptide chain I-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and peptide chain I-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3; (2) peptide chain I-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, peptide chain I-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 9, and peptide chain I-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 10; (3) peptide chain II-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, peptide chain II-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5, and peptide chain II-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6; or (4) peptide chain II-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, peptide chain II-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7, and peptide chain II-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 8.
[0054] In one embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate is 49B-A-14.
[0055] In one embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate is 49B-B-01.
[0056] In one embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate is 49B-A-05.
[0057] In one embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate is 38B-A-14.
[0058] In one embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate is 38B-B-01.
[0059] In one embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate is 38B-A-05.
[0060] In one embodiment, the DAR value of the antibody-drug conjugate is 5-8.
[0061] In one embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate has a DAR value of 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, or 8.0.
[0062] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for treating a tumor disease, the method comprising the step of administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the antibody-drug conjugate as described above and / or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody-drug conjugate as described above, wherein the tumor disease is selected from the tumor diseases as described above.
[0063] In one embodiment, the subject is a subject as described above.
[0064] In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises the antibody-drug conjugate as described above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and / or excipient.
[0065] In one embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate or the pharmaceutical composition is administered once every 7-14 days, such as once every 7 days or once every 14 days.
[0066] In one embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate or the pharmaceutical composition is co-administered twice (e.g., administered on day 0 and day 7, respectively) , or is a single dose (e.g., administered on day 0) .
[0067] In one embodiment, the administration routes of the conjugate or pharmaceutical composition include, but are not limited to, oral, transdermal injection, rectal administration, transmucosal administration, intramuscular injection, intramedullary injection, intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection. In a particular embodiment, the administration route of the conjugate or pharmaceutical composition is intravenous injection.
[0068] In one embodiment, the dosage of each administration of the antibody-drug conjugate is 1 mg / kg to 20 mg / kg based on the subject's body weight. In particular embodiments, the dosage of each administration of the antibody-drug conjugate is 1 mg / kg to 12 mg / kg based on the subject's body weight. In a further embodiment, the dosage of each administration of the antibody-drug conjugate is 2-4 mg / kg, 5-6 mg / kg, 7-9 mg / kg, or 10-12 mg / kg based on the subject's body weight.
[0069] In one embodiment, the antibody-drug conjugate is administered at a dose of 1 mg / kg, 2 mg / kg, 3 mg / kg, 4 mg / kg, 5 mg / kg, 6 mg / kg, 7 mg / kg, 8 mg / kg, 9 mg / kg, or 10 mg / kg based on the subject's body weight.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0070] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.
[0071] FIG. 1: Efficacy testing of different antibody-drug conjugates in the MKN45-EGFR model.
[0072] FIG. 2: Efficacy testing of different antibody-drug conjugates in the MKN45 model.
[0073] FIG. 3: Efficacy testing of different antibody-drug conjugates in the HCC827 model.
[0074] FIG. 4: Efficacy testing of different antibody-drug conjugates in the EBC-1-EGFR model.
[0075] FIG. 5: Efficacy testing of different antibody-drug conjugates in the HCC827 model.
[0076] FIG. 6: Efficacy testing of different antibody-drug conjugates in the PC-9 model.
[0077] FIG. 7: Efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR wild-type lung cancer models.
[0078] FIG. 8: Efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR mutant lung cancer models.
[0079] FIG. 9: Efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR mutant lung cancer models.
[0080] FIG. 10: Efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR mutant lung cancer models.
[0081] FIG. 11: Efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR mutant lung cancer models.
[0082] FIG. 12: Efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in KRAS wild-type head and neck cancer models.
[0083] FIG. 13: Efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in KRAS mutant head and neck cancer models.
[0084] FIG. 14: Efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer models.
[0085] FIG. 15: Efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer models.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0086] The present invention is further illustrated below through the description of specific implementation modes, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various modifications or improvements without departing from the basic idea and scope of the present invention. Definition of Terms
[0087] In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, scientific and technical terms used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Moreover, the cell culture, biochemistry, nucleic acid chemistry, immunology laboratory and other operating procedures used in this disclosure are routine procedures widely used in the corresponding fields. Meanwhile, in order to better understand the present invention, definitions and explanations of relevant terms are provided below.
[0088] As used herein, the term “antibody” is used in the broadest sense and includes a variety of antibody structures, including but not limited to monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, multispecific antibodies (e.g., bispecific antibodies) and antibody fragments, provided they exhibit the required antigen-binding activity. For example, an immunoglobulin molecule may be composed of two pairs of polypeptide chains, each pair having a light chain (LC) and a heavy chain (HC) . Antibody light chains can be classified into kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) light chains. Heavy chains can be classified as mu (μ) , delta (δ) , gamma (γ) , alpha (α) , or epsilon (ε) , and define the antibody's isotype as IgM, IgD, IgG, IgA, and IgE, respectively. Within the light and heavy chains, the variable and constant regions are connected by a “J” region of approximately 12 or more amino acids, and the heavy chain also contains a “D” region of approximately 3 or more amino acids. Each heavy chain consists of a heavy chain variable region (VH) and a heavy chain constant region (CH) . The heavy chain constant region consists of three domains (CH1, CH2 and CH3) . Each light chain consists of a VL (VL) and a light chain constant region (CL) . The light chain constant region consists of one domain, CL. The constant domains are not directly involved in the binding of antibodies to antigens, but exhibit a variety of effector functions, such as mediating the interaction of immunoglobulins with host tissues or factors, including various cells of the immune system (e.g., effector cells) and the first component of the classical complement system (C1q) . The VH and VL regions can also be subdivided into highly variable regions called complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) , interspersed with more conservative regions called framework regions (FRs) . Each VH and VL is composed of 3 CDRs and 4 FRs arranged from the amino terminus to the carboxyl terminus in the following order: FR1, CDR1, FR2, CDR2, FR3, CDR3, FR4. The variable regions (VH and VL) of each heavy chain / light chain pair respectively form the antigen-binding site. The assignment of amino acids to regions or domains can follow the definition of Kabat, Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (1987 and 1991) ) , or Chothia &Lesk (1987) J. Mol. Biol. 196: 901-917 and Chothia et al. (1989) Nature 342: 878-883. As used herein, when the term “antibody” is mentioned, it includes not only intact antibodies but also antigen-binding fragments of the antibodies, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0089] The term “antibody” further includes embodiments in which heavy chain constant domains may comprise a C-terminal lysine or lack either a C-terminal lysine or a C-terminal glycine-lysine dipeptide. The term further includes embodiments in which the N-terminal amino acid of the antibody variable domains has undergone cyclization to pyroglutamate. Thus, in a composition comprising antibodies as disclosed herein, various species of the antibodies therein may independently comprise a C-terminal lysine, lack a C-terminal lysine, lack a C-terminal glycine-lysine and / or comprise an N-terminal glutamine or glutamic acid or cyclization of the N-terminal amino acid to pyroglutamate.
[0090] As used herein, the term “complementarity determining region” or “CDR” refers to the amino acid residues in the variable region of an antibody that are responsible for antigen binding. The precise boundaries of these amino acid residues can be defined according to various numbering systems known in the art, for example according to the AbM numbering system (Martin ACR, Cheetham JC, Rees AR (1989) Modeling antibody hypervariable loops: A combined algorithm. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 9268–9272) , the MacCallum numbering system (MacCallum et al., (1996) J Mol Biol 262: 732-745, see also, e.g., Martin A. “Protein Sequence and Structure Analysis of Antibody Variable Domains, ” in Antibody Engineering, Kontermann and Dübel, eds., Chapter 31, pp. 422-439, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (2001) ) , the AHo numbering system (Honegger and Plückthun, A., J. Mol. Biol. 309: 657-670 (2001) ) , or the IMGT numbering system (Lefranc et al., Dev. Comparat. Immunol. 27: 55-77, 2003) . For a given antibody, one skilled in the art will readily identify the CDRs defined by each numbering system. Furthermore, the correspondence between different numbering systems is well known to those skilled in the art (see, for example, Lefranc et al., Dev. Comparat. Immunol. 27: 55-77, 2003) .
[0091] In the present invention, the CDRs comprised in an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof can be determined according to various numbering systems known in the art, such as Kabat, Chothia, IMGT or AbM numbering systems. In certain embodiments, the CDRs comprised in an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof are determined by the Chothia numbering system.
[0092] The following general rules disclosed in www. bioinf. org. uk : Prof. Andrew C. R. Martin's Group and reproduced below may be used to define the CDRs in an antibody sequence that includes those amino acids that specifically interact with the amino acids comprising the epitope in the antigen to which the antibody binds. There are rare examples where these generally constant features do not occur; however, the Cys residues are the most conserved feature.
[0093] The entire amino acid sequence of the VH is commonly numbered according to Kabat, while the three CDRs within the variable region may be defined according to any one of the aforementioned numbering schemes. In particular embodiments, the numbering of the amino acid positions in the VH may be sequential beginning with amino acid position 1 and continuing sequentially to the end of the sequence or according to Kabat. Unless specified otherwise, the amino acid positions in the VH and VL herein are defined according to sequential numbering.
[0094] The numbering of the amino acid positions in the heavy chain constant domain may be sequential beginning with amino acid position 1 and continuing sequentially to the end of the sequence or according to Eu numbering. The IgG1 heavy chain constant domain amino acid sequence has 330 amino acids sequentially numbered 1 to 330. The corresponding sequence numbered according to Eu begins with position number 118 and ends with position number 447. Unless specified otherwise, the amino acid positions in the heavy and light chains herein are defined according to sequential numbering.
[0095] As used herein, the term “framework region” or “FR” residues refers to those amino acid residues in an antibody variable region other than the CDR residues as defined above.
[0096] The term “antibody” is not limited to any particular method of producing the antibody. This includes, for example, recombinant antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, and polyclonal antibodies. The antibodies may be of different isotypes, for example, IgG (e.g., IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 or IgG4 subtypes) , IgA1, IgA2, IgD, IgE or IgM antibodies.
[0097] As used herein, the term “bispecific antibody” or “BsAb” refers to an antibody with binding specificity for two different antigens (or epitopes) , which includes binding specificities for different antigens (or epitopes) , e.g., two antigen-binding domains with binding specificities, thereby being able to bind to two different binding sites and / or target molecules. Each antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody can be independently selected from a full-length antibody (e.g., an IgG antibody) or an antigen-binding fragment thereof (e.g., Fv, Fab, scFab or scFv) . In some cases, the individual antigen-binding domains are linked by a peptide linker.
[0098] As used herein, the term “Fv fragment” means an antibody fragment consisting of the VL and VH domains of a single arm of the antibody. Fv fragments are generally considered to be the smallest antibody fragments that can form a complete antigen-binding site. It is generally believed that six CDRs confer the antigen-binding specificity of an antibody. However, even a variable region (such as an Fd fragment, which contains only three CDRs specific for the antigen) can recognize and bind the antigen, although its affinity may be lower than that of the intact binding site.
[0099] As used herein, the term “Fc fragment” means a fragment formed by disulfide bonding of the second and third constant regions of the first heavy chain of an antibody to the second and third constant regions of the second heavy chain of antibody fragments. The Fc fragment of an antibody has many different functions but is not involved in antigen binding.
[0100] As used herein, the term “scFv” refers to a single polypeptide chain containing VL and VH domains connected by a linker. Such scFv molecules can have a general structure: NH2-VL-joint-VH-COOH or NH2-VH-joint-VL-COOH. A suitable prior art peptide linker consists of the repeated GGGGS amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 57) or its variants, e.g., the amino acid sequence (GGGGS) 4 (SEQ ID NO: 58) , but variations thereof may also be used. In some cases, a disulfide bond may also exist between the VH and VL of the scFv.
[0101] As used herein, the term “Fab fragment” means an antibody fragment consisting of VL, VH, CL, and CH1 domains, which generally consists of one peptide chain containing VL and CL and another peptide chain containing VH and CH1, however, those skilled in the art understand that Fab domains can be arranged according to the native orientation described above, but can also contain domain substitutions or exchanges that promote correct VH and VL pairing (e.g., domain exchanges in the form of CrossMabs) . The term “scFab” refers to a single polypeptide chain containing VL, VH, CL, and CH1 domains, in which adjacent domains are optionally connected by a linker. In the typical structure, an scFab contains a single polypeptide chain from N-terminus to C-terminus: (1) VL, CL, VH, and CH1, where CL and VH are usually connected through a peptide linker (e.g., a flexible peptide linker) , or (1) VH, CH1, VL, and CL, where CH1 and VL are usually connected through a peptide linker (e.g., a flexible peptide linker) .
[0102] As used herein, the terms “monoclonal antibody” and “mAb” have the same meaning and are used interchangeably to refer to one from a group of highly homologous antibody molecules or fragments thereof, that is, a group of antibody molecules which are identical except for natural mutations that may occur spontaneously. Monoclonal antibodies are highly specific for a single epitope on an antigen. Polyclonal antibodies, as opposed to monoclonal antibodies, usually refers to antibodies or fragments thereof from a group of antibodies containing at least 2 or more different antibodies that usually recognize different epitopes on an antigen. In addition, the modifier “monoclonal” only indicates that the antibody is characterized as being obtained from a highly homologous population of antibodies and cannot be understood as requiring any specific method to prepare the antibody.
[0103] As used herein, the term “CrossMab” refers to a method in the construction of bispecific antibodies that enables the correct association of the light chains and their cognate heavy chains by exchange of heavy-chain and light-chain domains within the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) of one half of the bispecific antibody. This “crossover” retains the antigen-binding affinity but makes the two arms so different that light-chain mispairing can no longer occur. Three possible “CrossMab” formats are: CrossMabFab, which refers to crossover or exchange in position of the complete VH-CH1 and VL-CL domains of one half of the bispecific antibody; CrossMabVH-VL, which refers to the crossover or exchange in position of only the VH and VL domains of one half of the bispecific antibody; and CrossMabCH1-CL, which refers to the crossover or exchange in position of the CH1 and CL domains within the Fab region of one half of the bispecific antibody. CrossMab antibodies have been described or claimed in WO2009080252, WO2009080253, WO2009080251, WO2009080254, WO2010136172, WO2010145792 and WO2013026831. The term "CrossMab" antibody is generally recognized in the art; see, e.g., Brinkmann and Kontennann, MAbs 9 (2) : 182-212 (2017) ; Kontermann and Brinkmann, Drug Discovery Today 20 (7) : 838-846 (2015) ; Schaefer et al., PNAS, 108 11187-1191 (2011) ; Klein et al., MAbs 8 (6) : 1010-1020 (2016) ; and Klein et al., MAbs 4 (6) : 653-663 (2012) .
[0104] As used herein, the term “specific binding” refers to a non-random binding reaction between two molecules, such as the reaction between an antibody and the antigen against which it is directed. The strength or affinity of a specific binding interaction can be expressed as the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) or half-maximal effect concentration (EC50) of the interaction.
[0105] The specific binding properties between two molecules can be determined using methods known in the art. One approach involves measuring the rate at which antigen-binding site / antigen complexes form and dissociate. “Binding rate constant” (ka or kon) and “dissociation rate constant” (kdis or koff) both can be calculated from the concentration and actual rates of association and dissociation (see Malmqvist M, Nature, 1993, 361: 186-187) . The ratio kdis / kon is equal to the dissociation constant KD (see Davies et al., Annual Rev Biochem, 1990; 59: 439-473) . The KD, kon and kdis values may be measured by any valid method. In certain embodiments, the dissociation constant can be measured using bioluminescence interferometry (e.g., the ForteBio Octet method) . Alternatively, surface plasmon resonance techniques (e.g. Biacore) or Kinexa can be used to measure dissociation constants.
[0106] As used herein, the term “vector” refers to a nucleic acid delivery vehicle into which a polynucleotide can be inserted. When the vector can express the protein encoded by the inserted polynucleotide, the vector is called an expression vector. The vector can be introduced into the host cell through transformation, transduction or transfection, so that the genetic material elements it carries can be expressed in the host cell. Vectors are well known to those skilled in the art, including but not limited to: Plasmid; phagemid; cosmid; artificial chromosome, such as yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) , bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) or P1-derived artificial chromosome (PAC) ; phage such as lambda phage or M13 phage and animal viruses, etc. Animal viruses that can be used as vectors include, but are not limited to, retroviruses (including lentiviruses) , adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, herpesviruses (such as herpes simplex virus) , poxviruses, baculoviruses, papillomaviruses, and polyomaviruses (such as SV40) . A vector can contain a variety of expression-controlling elements, including, but not limited to, promoter sequences, transcription initiation sequences, enhancer sequences, selection elements, and reporter genes. In addition, the vector may also contain an origin of replication site.
[0107] Expression and cloning vectors contain nucleic acid sequences that enable the vector to replicate in one or more selected host cells. Typically, in cloning vectors, this sequence is one that enables the vector to replicate independently of the host chromosomal DNA, and it includes an origin of replication or an autonomously replicating sequence. The term “expression vector” as used herein refers to a vector containing a recombinant polynucleotide that contains expression control sequences operably linked to the nucleotide sequence to be expressed. The expression vector contains sufficient cis-acting elements for expression; other elements for expression can be provided by the host cell or in vitro expression system. Expression vectors include all those known in the art, such as cosmids, plasmids (e.g., naked or contained in liposomes) and viruses (e.g., lentiviruses, retroviruses, adenoviruses, and adeno-associated viruses) .
[0108] As used herein, the term “host cell” refers to a cell that can be used to introduce a vector, which includes, but is not limited to, prokaryotic cells such as Escherichia coli or Bacillus subtilis, fungal cells such as yeast cells or Aspergillus, insect cells such as S2, Drosophila cells, or Sf9, or animal cells such as fibroblasts, NS0 cells, Vero cells, Hela cells, COS cells, CHO cells (such as CHO-K1, CHO-S, CHO DXB11, ExpiCHO, or CHO DG44 cells) , ExpiCHO cells, HEK293 cells, Expi293 cells, BHK cells, and MDCKII cells, etc.
[0109] As used herein, the term “identity” is used to refer to a match of sequences between two polypeptides or between two nucleic acids. When a position in both sequences being compared is occupied by the same base or amino acid monomer subunit (for example, a position in each of two DNA molecules is occupied by adenine, or a position in each of two polypeptides is occupied by lysine) , then the molecules are identical at that position. “Percent identity” between two sequences is a function of the number of matching positions common to the two sequences divided by the number of positions compared × 100. For example, if 6 out of 10 positions of two sequences match, then the two sequences are 60%identical. For example, the DNA sequences CTGACT and CAGGTT share 50%identity (3 positions match out of 6 total positions) . Typically, comparisons are made when two sequences are aligned to yield maximum identity. Such alignments can be achieved using, for example, the method of Needleman et al. (1970) J. Mol. Biol. 48: 443-453 which can be conveniently performed by computer programs such as the Align program (DNAstar, Inc. ) . The algorithm of E. Meyers and W. Miller (Comput. The algorithm of Appl Biosci., 4: 11-17 (1988) ) which has been incorporated into the ALIGN program (version 2.0) can also be used to determine the percent identity between two amino acid sequences by using the PAM120 weight residue table, a gap length penalty of 12, and a gap penalty of 4. Alternatively, the Needleman algorithm has been integrated into the GAP program of the GCG software package (available at www. gcg. com) and can be used to determine the percent identity between two amino acid sequences by using the Blossum 62 matrix or PAM250 matrix with a gap weight of 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6 or 4 and a length weight of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. The twenty conventional amino acids involved in this disclosure have been prepared following conventional usage. See, e.g., Immunology-A Synthesis (2nd Edition, E. S. Golub and D. R. Gren, Eds., Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Mass. (1991) ) , which is incorporated herein by reference. In the present disclosure, the terms “polypeptide” and “protein” have the same meaning and are used interchangeably. And in the present disclosure, amino acids are generally represented by one-letter and three-letter abbreviations well known in the art. For example, alanine can be represented by A or Ala.
[0110] As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and / or excipient” refers to a carrier and / or excipient that is pharmacologically and / or physiologically compatible with the subject and the active ingredient. It is well known in the art (see, e.g., Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. Edited by Gennaro AR, 19th ed. Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Company, 1995) , and includes but is not limited to: pH adjusters, surfactants, adjuvants, ionic strength enhancers, diluents, agents to maintain osmotic pressure, agents to delay absorption, preservatives. For example, pH adjusting agents include, but are not limited to, phosphate buffer. Surfactants include, but are not limited to, cationic, anionic or nonionic surfactants such as Tween-80. Ionic strength enhancers include, but are not limited to, sodium chloride. Preservatives include, but are not limited to, various antibacterial and antifungal agents, such as parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, etc. Agents that maintain osmotic pressure include, but are not limited to, sugar, NaCl, and the like. Agents that delay absorption include, but are not limited to, monostearate and gelatin. Diluents include, but are not limited to, water, aqueous buffers (such as buffered saline) , alcohols and polyols (such as glycerol) , and the like. Stabilizer has the meaning generally understood by those skilled in the art, and a stabilizer can stabilize the desired activity of active ingredients in medicines, including but not limited to sodium glutamate, gelatin, SPGA, sugars (such as sorbitol, mannitol, starch, sucrose, lactose, dextran, or glucose) , amino acids (such as glutamic acid, glycine) , proteins (such as dry whey, albumin or casein) or their degradation products (such as lactalbumin hydrolyzate) , etc.
[0111] As used herein, the terms “DAR” or “Drug Antibody Ratio” or “Drug-Antibody Conjugate Ratio” as used herein interchangeably, refer to the average number of linker / payload moieties attached to the antibodies present in a composition. For a composition comprising an ADC of the present disclosure, the DAR for the composition is the average of the DARs (linker-payload moieties of all of the individual ADC molecules present in said composition) , and this average is expressed as an integer or a decimal. As such, in some embodiments for a composition comprising an ADC of the present disclosure, the DAR of the composition is an integer or a decimal from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1 to 2, 1 to 3, 1 to 4, 1 to 5, 1 to 6, 1 to 7, 1 to 8, 1 to 9, 1 to 10, 2 to 3, 2 to 4, 2 to 5, 2 to 6, 2 to 7, 2 to 8, 2 to 9, 2 to 10, 3 to 4, 3 to 5, 3 to 6, 3 to 7, 3 to 8, 3 to 9, 3 to 10, 4 to 5, 4 to 6, 4 to 7, 4 to 8, 4 to 9, 4 to 10, 5 to 6, 5 to 7, 5 to 8, 5 to 9, 5 to 10, 6 to 7, 6 to 8, 6 to 9, 6 to 10, 7 to 8, 7 to 9, 7 to 10, 8 to 9, 8 to 10, or 9 to 10. In additional embodiments, for a composition comprising an ADC of the present disclosure, the DAR of the composition is an integer or a decimal from 3.0 to 3.5, 3.0 to 4.0, 3.0 to 4.5, 3.0 to 5.0, 3.0 to 5.5, 3.0 to 6.0, 3.5 to 4.0, 3.5 to 4.5, 3.5 to 5.0, 3.5 to 5.5, 3.5 to 6.0, 3.5 to 6.5, 3.5 to 7.0, 3.5 to 7.5, 3.5 to 8.0, 4.0 to 4.5, 4.0 to 5.0, 4.0 to 5.5, 4.0 to 6.0, 4.0 to 6.5, 4.0 to 7.0, 4.0 to 7.5, 4.0 to 8.0, 4.5 to 5.0, 4.5 to 5.5, 4.5 to 6.0, 4.5 to 6.5, 4.5 to 7.0, 4.5 to 7.5, 4.5 to 8.0, 5.0 to 5.5, 5.0 to 6.0, 5.0 to 6.5, 5.0 to 7.0, 5.0 to 7.5, 5.0 to 8.0, 5.5 to 6.0, 5.5 to 6.5, 5.5 to 7.0, 5.5 to 7.5, 5.5 to 8.0, 6.0 to 6.5, 6.0 to 7.0, 6.0 to 7.5, 6.0 to 8.5, 6.5 to 7.0, 6.5 to 7.5, 6.5 to 8.5, 7.0 to 7.5, 7.0 to 9.0, or 7.5 to 9.0. The term “composition” as used above, is understood to encompass pharmaceutical compositions. Average DAR can be determined by various conventional means such as UV spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, ELISA assay, radiometric methods, hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) , electrophoresis, and HPLC.
[0112] As used herein, the term “prevention” refers to a method performed to prevent or delay the occurrence of a disease or condition or symptom (e.g., tumor) in a subject. As used herein, the term “treatment” refers to a method performed to obtain a beneficial or desired clinical result. For the purposes of this disclosure, beneficial or desired clinical results include, but are not limited to, alleviation of symptoms, reduction of the extent of the disease, stabilization (i.e., no worsening) of the disease state, delaying or slowing the progression of the disease, ameliorating or alleviating the symptoms of the disease status, and relief of symptoms (whether partial or complete) , whether detectable or undetectable. In addition, “treatment” may also refer to prolonging survival compared with expected survival if no treatment was received.
[0113] As used herein, the term “subject” refers to a mammal, such as a primate mammal, such as a human. In certain embodiments, the subject (e.g., human) has a tumor, or is at risk of suffering from a disease described herein.
[0114] As used herein, the term “effective amount” refers to an amount sufficient to achieve, or at least partially achieve, the desired effect. For example, a prophylactically effective amount refers to an amount sufficient to prevent or delay the occurrence of a disease (e.g., tumor) ; a therapeutically effective amount refers to an amount sufficient to cure or at least partially prevent an existing disease or its complications. Determining such effective amounts is well within the capabilities of those skilled in the art. For example, the amount effective for therapeutic use will depend on the severity of the disease to be treated, the overall status of the patient's own immune system, the patient's general condition such as age, weight and gender, the manner in which the drug is administered, other treatments administered concurrently, etc.
[0115] As used herein, the term “effector function” refers to those biological activities that are attributable to the Fc domain of an antibody (either a native sequence Fc domain or an amino acid sequence variant Fc domain) and which vary with the antibody's Fc domain. Examples of antibody effector functions include, but are not limited to: Fc receptor binding affinity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) , complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) , antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) , cell surface receptor (e.g., B cell receptor) binding, B cell activation, cytokine secretion, half-life / clearance rate of antibodies and antigen-antibody complexes, etc. Methods of altering the effector function of antibodies are known in the art, for example by introducing mutations in the Fc domain.
[0116] As used herein, the term “antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) ” refers to a form of cytotoxicity in which Ig interacts with the Fc receptor (FcR) present on cytotoxic cells (e.g., natural killer (NK) cells, neutrophils, macrophages) , allowing these cytotoxic effector cells to specifically bind to antigen-attached target cells and then kill the target cells by secreting cytotoxins.
[0117] As used herein, combination therapy includes combining a bispecific antibody or pharmaceutical composition of the present disclosure with one or more additional active therapeutic agents of a second therapy (e.g., a chemotherapeutic agent) or other prophylactic or therapeutic modalities (e.g., radiotherapy) .
[0118] In such combination therapies, the various active agents often have different complementary mechanisms of action, and the combination therapy may result in synergistic effects. Combination therapies include therapeutic agents that affect the immune response (e.g., enhance or activate the response) and therapeutic agents that affect (e.g., inhibit or kill) tumors / cancer cells. Combination therapy reduces the likelihood of drug-resistant cancer cells developing. Combination therapy may allow for dose reduction of one or more of the agents to reduce or eliminate adverse effects associated with one or more of the agents. Such combination therapies may have a synergistic therapeutic or preventive effect on the underlying disease, disorder or condition.
[0119] As used herein, “combination” includes therapies that may be administered separately, for example, formulated separately for separate administration (e.g., may be provided in a kit) , as well as therapies that may be administered together in a single formulation (i.e., a “co-formulation” ) . In certain embodiments, bispecific antibodies of the present disclosure can be administered sequentially. In other embodiments, bispecific antibodies can be administered simultaneously. The bispecific antibodies of the present disclosure may be used in any combination with at least one other (active) agent.
[0120] The terms “cancer” and “tumor” are used interchangeably and refer to a large group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. Unregulated cell division may lead to the formation of malignant tumors or cells that invade adjacent tissues and may metastasize to distant parts of the body via the lymphatic system or bloodstream. Cancer includes benign and malignant cancers as well as dormant tumors or micrometastases. Cancer also includes hematological malignancies.
[0121] The term “alkyl” refers to a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group, such as “C1-20 alkyl” , “C1-10 alkyl” , “C1-6 alkyl” , “C1-4 alkyl” , “C1-3 alkyl” , etc. Specific examples include but are not limited to: Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 2-methylbutyl, neopentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 3, 3-dimethylbutyl, 2, 2-dimethyl butyl, 1, 1-dimethylbutyl, 1, 2-dimethylbutyl, 1, 3-dimethylbutyl, 2, 3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1, 2-dimethylpropyl, etc.
[0122] The term “alkylene” refers to a group obtained by removing 2 hydrogen atoms from a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group, such as “C1-20 alkylene” , “C1-10 alkylene” , “C3-10 alkylene” , “C5-8 alkylene” , “C1-6 alkylene” , “C1-4 alkylene” , “C1-3 alkylene” , etc. Specific examples include but are not limited to: methylene, ethylene, 1, 3-propylene, 1, 4-butylene, 1, 5-pentylene or 1, 6-hexylene, etc.
[0123] The term “alkenylene” refers to a divalent group obtained by losing two hydrogen atoms from a linear or branched hydrocarbon group containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond, including, for example, “C2-20 alkenylene” , “C3-10 alkenylene” , “C5-8 alkenylene” etc. Examples include but are not limited to: ethenylene, 1-propenylene, 2-propenylene, 1-butenylene, 2-butenylene, 1, 3-butadienylene, 1-pentenylene, 2-pentenylene, 3-pentenylene, 1, 3-pentadienylene, 1, 4-pentadienylene, 1-hexenylene, 2-hexenylene, 3-hexenylene, 1, 4-hexadienylene, etc.
[0124] The term “alkynylene” refers to a divalent group obtained by losing two hydrogen atoms from a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon group containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Includes e.g. “C2-20 alkynylene” , “C3-10 “alkynylene” , “C5-8 alkynylene” etc. Examples include but are not limited to: ethynylene, 1-propynylene, 2-propynylene, 1-butynylene, 2-butynylene, 1, 3-butadiynylene, 1-pentynylene, 2-pentynylene, 3-pentynylene, 1, 3-pentadiynylene, 1, 4-pentadyinylene, 1-hexynylene, 2-hexynylene, 3-hexynylene, 1, 4-hexadiynylene, etc.
[0125] The term “aliphatic heterocycle” refers to a saturated or partially saturated cyclic structure containing at least one ring member selected from N, O, and S. Specific examples include but are not limited to 5-6 membered aliphatic heterocycles, 5-6 membered nitrogen-containing aliphatic heterocycles, 5-6 membered oxygen-containing aliphatic heterocycles, etc., such as tetrahydrofuran, pyrrolidine, piperidine, tetrahydropyran, etc.
[0126] The term “heteroaromatic ring” refers to an aromatic cyclic structure containing at least one ring member selected from N, O, and S. Specific examples include but are not limited to 5-6 membered aromatic heterocycles, 5-6 membered nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles, 5-6 membered oxygen-containing aromatic heterocycles, etc., such as furan, thiophene, pyrrole, thiazole, isothiazole, thiadiazole, oxaazole, isooxaazole, oxadiazole, imidazole, pyrazole, 1, 2, 3-triazole, 1, 2, 4-triazole, 1, 2, 3-oxadiazole, 1, 2, 4-oxadiazole, 1, 2, 5-oxadiazole, 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, 1, 2, 3-triazine, 1, 3, 5-triazine, 1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine, etc.
[0127] The term “aromatic ring system” refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic system containing at least one aromatic ring (such as benzene ring, etc. ) or heteroaromatic ring (such as pyrimidine ring, etc. ) , wherein two or more aromatic rings and / or heteroaromatic rings can form a fused ring or be connected by a single bond (such as dipyrimidinylphenyl, etc. ) . The aromatic ring system can be divalent or higher (such as trivalent or tetravalent) , such as 5-20 membered aromatic ring system. Abbreviations
[0128] The abbreviations used in herein have the following meanings: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs)
[0129] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an ADC having a structure represented by the formula Ab- [M-L-E-D] x, wherein: Ab is a bispecific antibody or bispecific antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a first antigen-binding domain specifically binding c-MET and a second antigen-binding domain specifically binding EGFR; M is a linker site connected to the bispecific antibody or bispecific antigen-binding fragment thereof; L is a structural fragment connecting the linker sites M and E; E is a structural fragment connecting L and D; D is a cytotoxic drug fragment; and x is selected as any integer from 1 to 10. Antibodies of the ADCs
[0130] In one aspect, the application provides a bispecific antibody comprising a first antigen-binding domain specifically binding to c-MET and a second antigen-binding domain specifically binding to EGFR.
[0131] In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding domain comprises a first light chain variable region (VL) and a first heavy chain variable region (VH) , and the first VL and the first VH collectively form a domain capable of specifically binding c-MET. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding domain comprises a second VL and a second VH, and the second VL and the second VH together form a domain capable of specifically binding EGFR.
[0132] In certain embodiments, said first antigen-binding domain and said second antigen-binding domain are each independently selected from an scFv, or a Fab.
[0133] In certain embodiments, the bispecific antibody further comprises an Fc domain. In certain embodiments, the Fc domain comprises first and second Fc domain monomers. In certain embodiments, the first and second Fc domain monomers comprise one or more modifications that promote heterodimerization of the Fc domain monomers.
[0134] In certain embodiments, the Fc domain comprises a first Fc domain monomer comprising modifications that form a knob structure and a second Fc domain monomer comprising modifications that form a hole structure, wherein the hole structure can be paired with the knob structure to form a heterodimeric Fc domain.
[0135] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the hole structure can be paired with the knob structure to form a “knob-in-hole (KIH) structure” . The KIH structure is formed by introducing amino acid modifications that can form a “knob” structure and a “hole” structure at corresponding positions in the CH3 domains of two Fc domain monomers through amino acid substitutions so as to form two Fc domain monomers that can only form heterodimeric Fc domains having the knob-in-hole structure. Methods for reducing heavy chain mismatching in bispecific antibodies by targeting specific interaction interfaces between monomers (see Ridgway et al., Protein Eng., 9: 617-621 (1996) ; WO2006028936; the entire text of which is incorporated herein by reference) , due to the mutual attraction between the “knob” structure and the “hole” structure, and the mutual repulsion between the “knob” structure and the “knob” structure, thus can effectively reduce heavy chain mismatching in bispecific antibodies.
[0136] Amino acid modifications that promote formation of heterodimers have been disclosed in WO9850431, which discloses a KIH method for creating Fc domain monomer heterodimers. In the KIH method, one Fc domain monomer of the heterodimer pair comprises amino acid substitutions that create a protuberance that extends outward from surface of the Fc domain monomer (knob) that fits into a hole created by appropriate amino acid substitutions in the other Fc domain monomer of the heterodimeric pair, which promotes heterodimer formation over homodimer formation. An example of amino acid substitutions include S354C: T366W amino acid substitutions in a first Fc domain monomer to form the knob, and include Y349C: T366S: L368A: Y407V amino acid substitutions in a second Fc domain monomer to form the hole (amino acid numbering according to EU Index) wherein the first and second Fc domain monomers form a heterodimer pair. WO2014084607 discloses KIH in which the Fc heterodimer comprises a first Fc domain monomer comprising a K409W amino acid substitution to form the knob and a second Fc domain monomer comprising D399V and F405T amino acid substitutions to form the hole (amino acid numbering according to EU Index) wherein the first and second Fc domain monomers form a heterodimer pair. WO2013063702 discloses KIH in which the Fc heterodimer comprises a first Fc domain monomer comprising amino acid modifications at positions T350, L351, F405, and Y407, and the second Fc domain monomer comprises amino acid modifications at positions T350, T366, K392 and T394 (amino acid numbering according to EU Index) wherein the first and second Fc domain monomers form a heterodimer pair.
[0137] In certain embodiments, the Fc domain monomer is derived from the Fc of human immunoglobulin and is modified to provide a pair of Fc domain monomers capable of forming a heterodimer pair. For example the amino acid sequence of a first Fc domain monomer is modified in a specific region thereof to provide a knob structure and the amino acid sequence of a second Fc domain monomer is modified in the corresponding region to provide a hole structure capable of accepting the knob structure on the first Fc domain monomer, thereby enabling the first and second Fc domain monomers to form a heterodimer pair while preventing the first and second Fc domain monomers from forming homodimer pairs. In certain embodiments, the human immunoglobulin is IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, or IgG4. In certain embodiments, the Fc domain monomer comprises one or more modifications that form a knob structure, wherein the one or more modifications comprise S354C and / or T366W amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme. In certain embodiments, the Fc domain monomer comprises S354 and T366W amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme. In certain embodiments, the Fc domain monomer comprises one or more modifications that form a hole structure, wherein the one or more modifications comprise Y349C, T366S, L368A, and / or Y407V amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme. In certain embodiments, the Fc domain monomer comprises Y349C, T366S, L368A, and Y407V amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme.
[0138] In certain embodiments, the Fc domain monomers when in the form of an Fc heterodimer further display altered effector function (e.g., enhanced antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity) compared to a wild-type Fc domain. The altered effector function may be introduced by, for example, mutation or chemical modification of the Fc domain monomers comprised in the Fc heterodimer.
[0139] In further embodiments, the first and second Fc domain monomers further comprise one or more amino acid substitutions that reduce or ablate effector function of the Fc domain. In particular embodiments, the first and second Fc domain monomers further comprise: (i) E233A and L235A (EALA) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (ii) L234A and L235A (LALA) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (iii) L234A L235A D265S (LALADS) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (iv) L234A L235A P329G (LALAPG) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (v) L235E (LE) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (vi) D265A (DS) amino acid substitution, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (vii) D265A N297G (DANG) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (viii) N297X amino acid substitution, wherein X is any amino acid other than N, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (ix) N297A / D356E / L358M (NADELM) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to Eu numbering scheme; or (x) D356E L358M (DELM) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to Eu numbering scheme.
[0140] In certain embodiments, the first Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 49 or 51, and the second Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 50 or 52.
[0141] In certain embodiments, a first antigen-binding domain and a second antigen-binding domain are each linked to one of the first and second Fc domain monomers of the Fc heterodimer.
[0142] In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding domain is linked to the first Fc domain monomer and the second antigen-binding domain is linked to the second Fc domain monomer; or the first antigen-binding domain is linked to the second Fc domain monomer, and the second antigen-binding domain is linked to the first Fc domain monomer.
[0143] The individual CDRs of an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein can be determined according to any CDR numbering scheme known in the art.
[0144] In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the light chain CDR 1 (CDR-L1) , CDR-L2, and / or CDR-L3 of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 15, 17, and 59 as determined by the Kabat numbering scheme. In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the heavy chain CDR 1 (CDR-H1) , CDR-H2, and / or CDR-H3 of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 16, 18, and 60 as determined by the Kabat numbering scheme.
[0145] In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and / or CDR-L3 of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 15, 17, and 59 as determined by the Chothia numbering scheme. In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and / or CDR-H3 of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 16, 18, and 60 as determined by the Chothia numbering scheme.
[0146] In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and / or CDR-L3 of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 15, 17, and 59 as determined by the MacCallum numbering scheme. In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and / or CDR-H3 of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 16, 18, and 60 as determined by the MacCallum numbering scheme.
[0147] In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and / or CDR-L3 of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 15, 17, and 59 as determined by the IMGT numbering scheme. In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and / or CDR-H3 of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 16, 18, and 60 as determined by the IMGT numbering scheme.
[0148] In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and / or CDR-L3 of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 15, 17, and 59 as determined by the AbM numbering scheme. In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and / or CDR-H3 of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 16, 18, and 60 as determined by the AbM numbering scheme.
[0149] In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and / or CDR-L3 of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 15, 17, and 59 as determined by the AHo numbering scheme. In certain embodiments, an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein comprises the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and / or CDR-H3 of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 16, 18, and 60 as determined by the AHo numbering scheme.
[0150] In certain embodiments, the individual CDRs of an antigen-binding domain of a bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein are each independently determined according to one of the Kabat, Chothia, MacCallum, IMGT, AHo, or AbM numbering schemes, or by structural analysis of the antigen-binding domain, wherein the structural analysis identifies residues in the variable region (s) predicted to make contact with an epitope region of c-MET or EGFR.
[0151] In certain embodiments, the instant disclosure provides an ADC comprising a bispecific antibody comprising a first antigen-binding domain specifically binding to c-MET and a second antigen-binding domain specifically binding to EGFR, wherein the first antigen-binding domain comprises a VL comprising the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and CDR-L3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59, and a VH comprising the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60 and / or wherein the second antigen-binding domain comprises a VL comprising the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and CDR-L3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, and a VH comprising the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, wherein each CDR is independently determined according to one of the Kabat, Chothia, MacCallum, IMGT, AHo, or AbM numbering schemes, or by structural analysis of the bispecific molecule, wherein the structural analysis identifies residues in the variable region (s) predicted to make contact with an epitope region of c-MET or EGFR.
[0152] In certain embodiments, the instant disclosure provides an ADC comprising a bispecific antibody comprising a first antigen-binding domain specifically binding to c-MET and a second antigen-binding domain specifically binding to EGFR, wherein the first antigen-binding domain comprises a VL comprising the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and CDR-L3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, and a VH comprising the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 and / or wherein the second antigen-binding domain comprises a VL comprising the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and CDR-L3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, and a VH comprising the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, wherein each CDR is independently determined according to one of the Kabat, Chothia, MacCallum, IMGT, Aho, or AbM numbering schemes, or by structural analysis of the bispecific molecule, wherein the structural analysis identifies residues in the variable region (s) predicted to make contact with an epitope region of c-MET or EGFR.
[0153] In certain embodiments, the instant disclosure provides an ADC comprising a bispecific antibody comprising a first antigen-binding domain specifically binding to c-MET and a second antigen-binding domain specifically binding to EGFR, wherein the first antigen-binding domain comprises a VL comprising the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and CDR-L3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 59, and a VH comprising the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 60 and / or wherein the second antigen-binding domain comprises a VL comprising the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and CDR-L3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, and a VH comprising the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, wherein each CDR is independently determined according to one of the Kabat, Chothia, MacCallum, IMGT, AHo, or AbM numbering schemes, or by structural analysis of the bispecific molecule, wherein the structural analysis identifies residues in the variable region (s) predicted to make contact with an epitope region of c-MET or EGFR.
[0154] In certain embodiments, the instant disclosure provides an ADC comprising a bispecific antibody comprising a first antigen-binding domain specifically binding to c-MET and a second antigen-binding domain specifically binding to EGFR, wherein the first antigen-binding domain comprises a VL comprising the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and CDR-L3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, and a VH comprising the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 60 and / or wherein the second antigen-binding domain comprises a VL comprising the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and CDR-L3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, and a VH comprising the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, wherein each CDR is independently determined according to one of the Kabat, Chothia, MacCallum, IMGT, AHo, or AbM numbering schemes, or by structural analysis of the bispecific molecule, wherein the structural analysis identifies residues in the variable region (s) predicted to make contact with an epitope region of c-MET or EGFR.
[0155] In certain embodiments, the instant disclosure provides an ADC comprising a bispecific antibody comprising a first antigen-binding domain specifically binding to c-MET and a second antigen-binding domain specifically binding to EGFR, wherein the first antigen-binding domain comprises a VL comprising the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and CDR-L3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 59, and a VH comprising the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 and / or wherein the second antigen-binding domain comprises a VL comprising the CDR-L1, CDR-L2, and CDR-L3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, and a VH comprising the CDR-H1, CDR-H2, and CDR-H3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, wherein each CDR is independently determined according to one of the Kabat, Chothia, MacCallum, IMGT, AHo, or AbM numbering schemes, or by structural analysis of the bispecific molecule, wherein the structural analysis identifies residues in the variable region (s) predicted to make contact with an epitope region of c-MET or EGFR.
[0156] In certain embodiments of the ADCs provided herein, the first VL of the bispecific antibody of the ADC comprises: a CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 34, a CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 36, and a CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 38; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Kabat numbering system; a CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 34, a CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 36, and a CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 38; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Chothia numbering system; a CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 34, a CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 36, and a CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 38; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Abm numbering system; or a CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 35, a CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 37, and a CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 38; wherein the CDRs are defined by the IMGT numbering system; and / or the first VH of the bispecific antibody of the ADC comprises: a CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 39, a CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 43, and a CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 47; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Kabat numbering system; a CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 40, a CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 44, and a CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 47; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Chothia numbering system; a CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 42, a CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 46, and a CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 47; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Abm numbering system; or a CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 41, a CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 45, and a CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 48; where the CDRs are defined by the IMGT numbering system.
[0157] In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59. In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59. In certain embodiments, the first VL consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59.
[0158] In certain embodiments, the first VH comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60. In certain embodiments, the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60. In certain embodiments, the first VH consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60.
[0159] In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59 and the first VH comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60. In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59 and the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60. In certain embodiments, the first VL consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59 and the first VH consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60.
[0160] In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 and the first VH comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18. In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 and the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18. In certain embodiments, the first VL consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 and the first VH consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18.
[0161] In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 59 and the first VH comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 60. In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 59 and the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 60. In certain embodiments, the first VL consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 59 and the first VH consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 60.
[0162] In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 and the first VH comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 60. In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 and the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 60. In certain embodiments, the first VL consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 and the first VH consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 60.
[0163] In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 59 and the first VH comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18. In certain embodiments, the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 59 and the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18. In certain embodiments, the first VL consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 59 and the first VH consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18.
[0164] In certain embodiments of the ADCs provided herein, the second VL of the bispecific antibody of the ADC comprises: (i) a CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 19, a CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 21, and a CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 23; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Kabat numbering system; (ii) a CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 19, a CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 21, and a CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 23; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Chothia numbering system; (iii) a CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 19, a CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 21, and a CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 23; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Abm numbering system; or (iv) a CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 20, a CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown is SEQ ID NO: 22, and a CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 23; wherein the CDRs are defined by the IMGT numbering system; and / or the second VH of the bispecific antibody of the ADC comprises: (i) a CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 24, a CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 28, and a CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 32; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Kabat numbering system; (ii) a CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 25, a CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 29, and a CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 32; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Chothia numbering system; (iii) a CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 27, a CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 31, and a CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 32; wherein the CDRs are defined by the Abm numbering system; or (iv) a CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 26, a CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO: 30, and a CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 33; where the CDRs are defined by the IMGT numbering system.
[0165] In certain embodiments, the second VL comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15. In certain embodiments, the second VL comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15. In certain embodiments, the second VL consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15. In certain embodiments, the second VH comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16. In certain embodiments, the second VH comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16. In certain embodiments, the second VH consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16.
[0166] In certain embodiments, the second VL comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15 and the second VH comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 100% (e.g., at least 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%) identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16. In certain embodiments, the second VL comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15 and the second VH comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16. In certain embodiments, the second VL consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15 and the second VH consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16.
[0167] In certain embodiments, the instant disclosure provides an ADC comprising a bispecific antibody that cross-competes for binding to c-MET and / or EGFR with any of the antibodies described herein. In certain embodiments, the instant disclosure provides an ADC comprising a bispecific antibody that binds to the same or an overlapping epitope of c-MET and / or EGFR as an antibody described herein.
[0168] In certain embodiments, the epitope of an antibody can be determined by, e.g., NMR spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance X-ray diffraction crystallography studies, ELISA assays, hydrogen / deuterium exchange coupled with mass spectrometry (e.g., liquid chromatography electrospray mass spectrometry) , array-based oligo-peptide scanning assays, and / or mutagenesis mapping (e.g., site-directed mutagenesis mapping) . For X-ray crystallography, crystallization may be accomplished using any of the known methods in the art (e.g., Giegé R et al., (1994) Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 50 (Pt 4) : 339-350; McPherson A (1990) Eur J Biochem 189: 1-23; Chayen NE (1997) Structure 5: 1269-1274; McPherson A (1976) J Biol Chem 251: 6300-6303, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties) . Antibody: antigen crystals may be studied using well known X-ray diffraction techniques and may be refined using computer software such as X-PLOR (Yale University, 1992, distributed by Molecular Simulations, Inc. ; see, e.g., Meth Enzymol (1985) volumes 114 &115, eds. Wyckoff HW et al. ; U.S. Patent Application No. 2004 / 0014194) , and BUSTER (Bricogne G (1993) Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 49 (Pt 1) : 37-60; Bricogne G (1997) Meth Enzymol 276A: 361-423, ed Carter CW; Roversi P et al., (2000) Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 56 (Pt 10) : 1316-1323, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties) . Mutagenesis mapping studies may be accomplished using any method known to one of skill in the art. See, e.g., Champe M et al., (1995) and Cunningham BC &Wells JA (1989) for a description of mutagenesis techniques, including alanine scanning mutagenesis techniques. In a specific embodiment, the epitope of an antibody is determined using alanine scanning mutagenesis studies. In addition, bispecific antibodies that recognize and bind to the same or overlapping epitopes of c-MET and / or EGFR can be identified using routine techniques such as an immunoassay, for example, by showing the ability of one antibody to block the binding of another antibody to a target antigen, i.e., a competitive binding assay. Competition binding assays also can be used to determine whether two antibodies have similar binding specificity for an epitope. Competitive binding can be determined in an assay in which the immunoglobulin under test inhibits specific binding of a reference antibody to a common antigen, such as c-MET or EGFR. Numerous types of competitive binding assays are known, for example: solid phase direct or indirect radioimmunoassay (RIA) , solid phase direct or indirect enzyme immunoassay (EIA) , sandwich competition assay (see Stahli C et al., (1983) Methods Enzymol 9: 242-253) ; solid phase direct biotin-avidin EIA (see Kirkland TN et al., (1986) J Immunol 137: 3614-9) ; solid phase direct labeled assay, solid phase direct labeled sandwich assay (see Harlow E &Lane D, (1988) Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Press) ; solid phase direct label RIA using I-125 label (see Morel GA et al., (1988) Mol Immunol 25 (1) : 7-15) ; solid phase direct biotin-avidin EIA (see Cheung RC et al., (1990) Virology 176: 546-52) ; and direct labeled RIA (see Moldenhauer G et al., (1990) Scand J Immunol 32: 77-82) , all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties. Typically, such an assay involves the use of purified antigen (e.g., c-MET or EGFR) bound to a solid surface or cells bearing either of these, an unlabeled test immunoglobulin and a labeled reference immunoglobulin. Competitive inhibition can be measured by determining the amount of label bound to the solid surface or cells in the presence of the test immunoglobulin. Usually, the test immunoglobulin is present in excess. Usually, when a competing antibody is present in excess, it will inhibit specific binding of a reference or antibody to a common antigen by at least 50-55%, 55-60%, 60-65%, 65-70%, 70-75%, or more. A competition binding assay can be configured in a large number of different formats using either labeled antigen or labeled antibody. In a common version of this assay, the antigen is immobilized on a 96-well plate. The ability of unlabeled antibodies to block the binding of labeled antibodies to the antigen is then measured using radioactive or enzyme labels. For further details see, e.g., Wagener C et al., (1983) J Immunol 130: 2308-2315; Wagener C et al., (1984) J Immunol Methods 68: 269-274; Kuroki M et al., (1990) Cancer Res 50: 4872-4879; Kuroki M et al., (1992) Immunol Invest 21: 523-538; Kuroki M et al., (1992) Hybridoma 11: 391-407 and Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Ed Harlow E &Lane D editors supra, pp. 386-389, all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties.
[0169] In certain embodiments of the ADCs provided herein, one, two, or more mutations (e.g., amino acid substitutions) are introduced into an Fc domain (e.g., a CH2 domain (residues 231-340 of human IgG1) ) and / or a CH3 domain (residues 341-447 of human IgG1, numbered according to the EU numbering system) and / or a hinge region (residues 216-230, numbered according to the EU numbering system) of a bispecific antibody of the ADC, to alter one or more functional properties of the antibody, such as serum half-life, complement fixation, Fc receptor binding, and / or antigen-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
[0170] In certain embodiments, one, two, or more mutations (e.g., amino acid substitutions) are introduced into an Fc domain to, e.g., reduce or ablate effector function of the Fc domain. In certain embodiments, the antibodies comprise an Fc domain comprising: (i) E233A and L235A (EALA) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (ii) L234A and L235A (LALA) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (iii) L234A L235A D265S (LALADS) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (iv) L234A L235A P329G (LALAPG) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (v) L234A L235A P329A (LALAPA) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (vi) L235E (LE) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (vii) D265A (DS) amino acid substitution, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (viii) D265A N297G (DANG) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (ix) N297X amino acid substitution, wherein X is any amino acid other than N, wherein the numbering is according to the Eu numbering scheme; (x) N297A / D356E / L358M (NADELM) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to Eu numbering scheme; or (x1) D356E L358M (DELM) amino acid substitutions, wherein the numbering is according to Eu numbering scheme.
[0171] In certain embodiments, any of the constant region mutations or modifications described herein can be introduced into one or both heavy chain constant regions of an antibody described herein having two heavy chain constant regions. Fab-scFv structure
[0172] In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding domain is a Fab and the second antigen-binding domain is an scFv.
[0173] In certain embodiments, the bispecific antibody comprises polypeptide chain I-A, polypeptide chain I-B, and polypeptide chain I-C; wherein (a) the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-A comprise a first VL and a first CL; the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-B comprise a first VH, a first heavy chain CH1 region, and a first Fc domain monomer; and the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-C comprise a second VL, a second VH, a second heavy chain CH1 hinge region, and a second Fc domain monomer; or (b) the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-A comprise a first VL and a first CL; the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-B comprise a first VH, a first heavy chain CH1 region, and a second Fc domain monomer; and the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-C comprise a second VL, a second VH, a second heavy chain CH1 hinge region, and a first Fc domain monomer.
[0174] In certain embodiments, (a) the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-A comprise from N-terminus to C-terminus the first VL and the first CL; the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-B comprise from N-terminus to C-terminus the first VH, the first heavy chain CH1 region, and the first Fc domain monomer; and / or the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-C comprise from N-terminus to C-terminus (i) the second VL, the second VH, the second heavy chain CH1 hinge region, and the second Fc domain monomer, or (ii) the second VH, the second VL, the second heavy chain CH1 hinge region, and the second Fc domain monomer; or (b) the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-A comprise from N-terminus to C-terminus the first VL and the first CL; the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-B comprise from N-terminus to C-terminus the first VH, the first heavy chain CH1, and the second Fc domain monomer; and / or the elements comprised in polypeptide chain I-C comprise from N-terminus to C-terminus: (i) the second VL, the second VH, the second heavy chain CH1 hinge region, and the first Fc domain monomer, or (ii) the second VH, the second VL, the second heavy chain CH1 hinge region, and the first Fc domain monomer.
[0175] In certain embodiments, the adjacent elements comprised in the polypeptide chain I-A are optionally connected to each other by a peptide linker or not; the adjacent elements comprised in the polypeptide chain I-B are optionally connected to each other by a peptide linker or not; and / or the adjacent elements comprised in the polypeptide chain I-C are optionally connected by a peptide linker or not.
[0176] In certain embodiments, the peptide linkers are each independently the same peptide linker or a different peptide linker (e.g., a rigid peptide linker or a flexible peptide linker) . In certain embodiments, each of the peptide linkers independently comprises 3 to 55 (e.g., 3-10, 10-25, 10-20, 10 to 17, 10 to 15, 10-25, 10-35, 10-45, 10-55) amino acid residues. In certain embodiments, the peptide linkers are each independently selected from peptide linkers comprising one or more glycine (G) and / or serine (S) residues. In certain embodiments, each peptide linker may independently comprise 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 glycine residues. In certain embodiments, each peptide linker may independently comprise the peptide GGGG (SEQ ID NO: 61) . In certain embodiments, the peptide linkers each independently comprise 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 tandem copies of the peptide linker subunit GGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 57) , which may be represented by (GGGGS) n, wherein n is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 (SEQ ID NOs: 57, 63, 55, 58, 64-66, 56, 67, or 68, respectively) . In certain embodiments, the peptide linkers each independently comprise the amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 55-58, 61 or 63-68.
[0177] In certain embodiments, the first CL comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 53 or SEQ ID NO: 69. In certain embodiments, the first heavy chain CH1 region comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 54. In certain embodiments, the second heavy chain CH1 hinge region comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 62.
[0178] In certain embodiments, the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 18 and the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 17. In certain embodiments, the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 60 and the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 59. In certain embodiments, the second VH comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 16 and the second VL comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 15. In certain embodiments, the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 18, the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 17, the second VH comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 16, and the second VL comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 15. In certain embodiments, the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 60, the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 59, the second VH comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 16, and the second VL comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 15.
[0179] In certain embodiments, the first Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 49 and the second Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 50. In certain embodiments, the first Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 51 and the second Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 52.
[0180] In certain embodiments, the first Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 50 and the second Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 49. In certain embodiments, the first Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 52 and the second Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 51.
[0181] In certain embodiments, the polypeptide chain I-A comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or 4, the polypeptide chain I-B comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, 5, 7 or 9, and / or the polypeptide chain I-C comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3, 6, 8 or 10. Drug-linkers of the ADCs
[0182] The ADCs provided herein comprise a bispecific antibody as described herein and further comprise a cytotoxic drug fragment D, which is linked to the antibody via a linker -M-L-E-.
[0183] In some embodiments, the linkers described in European patent publication, EP 4349372 are hereby incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, the linkers (M-L-E) and the individual components M, L and E as described in European patent publication, EP 4349372, are hereby incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, the cytotoxic drugs described in European patent publication, EP 4349372 are hereby incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, the linkers / cytotoxic drugs described in European patent publication, EP 4349372 are hereby incorporated by reference.
[0184] In some embodiments, M in the ADC is wherein ring A is a 5-6 membered aliphatic heterocyclic ring or a 5-20 membered aromatic ring system, and the aliphatic heterocyclic and aromatic ring systems are optionally substituted by one or more groups independently selected from the group consisting of oxo (=O) , halogen, cyano, amino, carboxyl, thiol and C1-6 alkyl group substitution; and M1 is selected from single bond and C1-20 alkylene group, C2-20 alkenylene group, C2-20 alkynylene group, or amine group.
[0185] In some embodiments, M is wherein ring A is a 5-membered aliphatic heterocyclic ring, a 6-membered heteroaromatic ring, or a polycyclic ring formed by connecting more than one 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring and a benzene ring through a single bond or by connecting more than one 6-membered heteroaromatic rings through single bonds, and the aliphatic heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted by one or more selected from the group consisting of oxo (=O) , halogen and C1-4 alkyl group substitution; and M1 is selected from single bond, C1-20 alkylene, C2-20 alkenylene, C2-20 alkynylene, or amine group.
[0186] In some embodiments, M is wherein ring A is selected from and M1 is selected from single bond and C1-6 alkylene, C2-6 alkenylene, C2-6 alkynylene or amine group.
[0187] In some embodiments, M is selected from
[0188] In some embodiments, M is
[0189] In some embodiments, M is selected from
[0190] In some embodiments, M is selected from
[0191] In some embodiments, L in the ADC is selected from a structure consisting of one or more of the following: C1-6 alkylene, -N (R') -, carbonyl, -O-, natural amino acids or unnatural amino acids and their analogs (such as Ala, Arg, Asn, Asp, Cit, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, Phe, Pro, Ser, Thr, Trp, Tyr, Val, Lys (COCH2CH2 (OCH2CH2) SOCH3) ) , and short peptides composed of amino acids (such as Ala-Ala, Ala-Lys, Ala-Lys (Ac) , Ala-Pro, Gly-Glu, Gly-Gly, Phe-Lys, Phe-Lys (Ac) , Val-Ala, Val-Lys, Val-Lys (Ac) , Val-Cit, Ala-Ala-Ala, Ala-Ala-Asn, Leu-Ala-Glu, Gly-Gly-Arg, Gly-Glu-Gly, Gly-Gly-Gly, Gly-Ser-Lys, Glu-Val-Ala, Glu-Val-Cit, Ser-Ala-Pro, Val-Leu-Lys, Val-Lys-Ala, Val-Lys-Gly, Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly (GGFG (SEQ ID NO: 71) ) , Gly-Gly-Val-Ala (GGVA (SEQ ID NO: 72) , Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly (GFLG (SEQ ID NO: 73) ) , Glu-Ala-Ala-Ala (EAAA (SEQ ID NO: 74) ) , and Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly (GGGGG (SEQ ID NO: 75) ) ) , wherein R’ represents hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, or a polyethylene glycol fragment containing 1-10 ethylene oxide (EO) units; and s is selected from an integer of 1-20.
[0192] In some embodiments, L is selected from a structure consisting of one or more of the following: C1-6 Alkylene, carbonyl, -NH-, Ala-Ala, Ala-Lys, Ala-Pro, Gly-Glu, Gly-Gly, Phe-Lys, Val-Ala, Val-Lys, Val-Cit, Ala-Ala-Ala, Ala-Ala-Asn, Leu-Ala-Glu, Gly-Gly-Arg, Gly-Glu-Gly, Gly-Gly-Gly, Gly-Ser-Lys, Glu-Val-Ala, Glu-Val-Cit, Ser-Ala-Pro, Val-Leu-Lys, Val-Lys-Ala, Val-Lys-Gly, Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly (GGFG (SEQ ID NO: 71) ) , Gly-Gly-Val-Ala (GGVA (SEQ ID NO: 72) , Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly (GFLG (SEQ ID NO: 73) ) , Glu-Ala-Ala-Ala (EAAA (SEQ ID NO: 74) ) , and Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly (GGGGG (SEQ ID NO: 75) ) , wherein s is selected from an integer from 1 to 20.
[0193] In some embodiments, L is selected from a structure consisting of one or more of the following:
[0194] In some embodiments, L is selected from the following structures:
[0195] In some embodiments, L is selected from the following structures:
[0196] In some embodiments, L is selected from the following structures:
[0197] In some embodiments, L is selected from the following structures:
[0198] In some embodiments, E in the ADC is a single bond or selected from the following structures: -NHCH2-,
[0199] In some embodiments, E is a single bond, -NHCH2-,
[0200] In some embodiments, E is -NHCH2-or
[0201] In some embodiments, E is -NHCH2-.
[0202] In some embodiments, E is a single bond.
[0203] In some embodiments, E is
[0204] In some embodiments, M is selected from L is selected from and E is selected from -NHCH2-and
[0205] In some embodiments of the ADCs provided herein, is selected from the following structures:
[0206] In some embodiments, is selected from the following structures:
[0207] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic drug of an ADC provided herein is selected from the group consisting of tubulin inhibitors, DNA intercalators, DNA topoisomerase inhibitors, and RNA polymerase inhibitors. In certain embodiments, the tubulin inhibitor is an auristatin or maytansinoid. In certain embodiments, the DNA intercalator is pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) . In certain embodiments, the DNA topoisomerase inhibitor is a topoisomerase I inhibitor (for example, camptothecin, hydroxycamptothecin, 9-aminocamptothecin, SN-38, irinotecan, topotecan, bellotecan, or rubotecan) or a topoisomerase II inhibitor (for example, Doxorubicin, PNU-159682, docarmicin, daunorubicin, mitoxantrone, podophyllotoxin, or etoposide) . In certain embodiments, the RNA polymerase inhibitor is α-amanitine (α-amanitin) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or analog thereof.
[0208] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic drug is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formula I and Formula II, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, stereoisomers, and tautomers of compounds represented by Formula I and Formula II or prodrug of said compounds: wherein R1 and R2 are each independently selected from C1-6 alkyl and halogen; R3 is selected from H and -CO-CH2OH; R4 and R5 are each independently selected from H, halogen, and hydroxyl; or R4 and R5 are connected to the associated carbon atoms to form a 5-6 membered oxygen-containing heterocyclic ring; R6 is selected from hydrogen or -C1-4 alkylene-NRaRb, -C1-4 alkylene-SiRaRbRc, -SiRaRbRc, -C1-4 alkylene=N-ORa; and R7 is selected from C1-6 alkyl, -C1-4 alkylene-NRaRb; wherein, Ra, Rb, and Rc are independently selected from H, C1-6 alkyl, -SO2-C1-6 alkyl, and -CO-C1-6 alkyl at each occurrence; wherein optionally Ra and Rb connected to the associated atoms form a 5-6 membered nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring.
[0209] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic drug is selected from the following compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, stereoisomers, tautomers or prodrugs of said compounds:
[0210] Cytotoxic drugs of the ADCs provided herein may contain a variety of functional groups, such as hydroxyl (-OH) , carboxyl (-COOH) , sulfhydryl (-SH) , primary amine (-NH2) , secondary amine (-NRAH) or tertiary amine group (-NRBRC) , wherein RA, RB and RC represent non-hydrogen substituents on N, and the cytotoxic drug can be combined with the conjugate through these functional groups.
[0211] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic drug is selected from the following compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, stereoisomers, tautomers or prodrugs of said compounds: Connection between linker and drug (payload)
[0212] In some embodiments, the cytotoxic drug of an ADC provided herein is linked to E in the ADC through an -OH, an -SH, a primary amino group, a secondary amine group, or a tertiary amine group thereon.
[0213] In some embodiments, D is a monovalent structure obtained by losing one H from an -OH, -an NH2, or a secondary amine group on the cytotoxic drug. Exemplary ADCs
[0214] In some embodiments, an ADC provided herein is selected from the group consisting of ADC A-05, ADC A-14, and ADC B-01, wherein the structures of the ADCs are as follows: ADC A-05 ADC A-14 or ADC B-01 wherein Ab is a bispecific antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof as described herein; represents the specific connection method between the sulfhydryl group in the bispecific antibody or its antigen-binding fragment and other parts in the antibody-drug conjugate; and x represents the drug load quantity.
[0215] In some embodiments, the sulfhydryl group in the bispecific antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof forms a thioether bond through an addition reaction or a substitution reaction with the precursor of other parts of the antibody-drug conjugate to obtain the antibody-drug conjugates.
[0216] In some embodiments, the Ab comprises: (1) a peptide chain I-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, a peptide chain I-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 9, and / or a peptide chain I-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 or 10; or (2) a peptide chain II-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, a peptide chain II-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 or 7, and / or a peptide chain II-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6 or 8.
[0217] In some embodiments, the Ab comprises: (1) a peptide chain I-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, a peptide chain I-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and a peptide chain I-C peptide comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3; (2) a peptide chain I-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, a peptide chain I-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 9, and a peptide chain I-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 10; (3) a peptide chain II-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, a peptide chain II-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5, and a peptide chain II-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6; or (4) a peptide chain II-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, a peptide chain II-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7, and a peptide chain II-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 8.
[0218] In specific embodiments, the Ab is selected from the group consisting of BsAb 07B, BsAb 10B, BsAb 38B, and BsAb 49B.
[0219] In specific embodiments of the ADCs provided herein, a heavy chain constant region of the bispecific antibody of the ADC may comprise a C-terminal lysine, lack a C-terminal lysine, or lack a C-terminal glycine-lysine dipeptide. In some embodiments, the N-terminal amino acid of a variable region of the bispecific antibody of an ADC provided herein may comprise a glutamate or glutamine residue or a glutamate or glutamine residue cyclized to pyroglutamic acid.
[0220] In some embodiments, the N-terminal amino acid of a variable region of the bispecific antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof of an ADC provided herein may be cyclized to pyroglutamic acid. Thus, a composition of ADCs disclosed herein may comprise a population of ADCs, wherein each ADC may independently comprise a C-terminal lysine, lack a C-terminal lysine, lack a C-terminal glycine-lysine dipeptide, and / or comprise an N-terminal glutamine or glutamate residue or an N-terminal glutamine or glutamate cyclized to pyroglutamate.
[0221] Accordingly, in some embodiments, the application further provides compositions comprising an ADC as described herein, wherein the predominant species of ADC in the composition comprises (i) an antibody wherein the heavy chain C-terminus lacks a lysine residue; (ii) an antibody in which the N-terminus of the heavy chain comprises a glutamine, glutamate, or pyroglutamate residue; (iii) an antibody in which the C-terminus of the heavy chain lacks the amino acid residue lysine and the N-terminus of the heavy chain comprises a glutamine, glutamate or pyroglutamate residue; (iv) an antibody in which the C-terminus of the heavy chain lacks the amino acid residue lysine and the N-terminus of the heavy chain comprises a pyroglutamate residue; or (v) an antibody in which the C-terminus of the heavy chain lacks the amino acid residue lysine and the N-terminus of the heavy chain comprises a glutamine or glutamate residue.
[0222] As is known to those skilled in the art, pyroglutamic acid is the conjugate acid of pyroglutamate and is in equilibrium with pyroglutamate in solution. Therefore, the present application also provides a composition comprising one or more ADCs described in any of the preceding embodiments. For example, the present invention provides ADC embodiments comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, 9, 18, or 60 wherein the N-terminal glutamate has been converted to pyroglutamate and / or embodiments comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, 7, 13, or 16 wherein the N-terminal glutamine has been converted to pyroglutamate.
[0223] In some embodiments, the composition has a DAR value (Drug-Antibody Conjugation Ratio) of 1-10, such as: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1 to 2, 1 to 3, 1 to 4, 1 to 5, 1 to 6, 1 to 7, 1 to 8, 1 to 9, 1 to 10, 2 to 3, 2 to 4, 2 to 5, 2 to 6, 2 to 7, 2 to 8, 2 to 9, 2 to 10, 3 to 4, 3 to 5, 3 to 6, 3 to 7, 3 to 8, 3 to 9, 3 to 10, 4 to 5, 4 to 6, 4 to 7, 4 to 8, 4 to 9, 4 to 10, 5 to 6, 5 to 7, 5 to 8, 5 to 9, 5 to 10, 6 to 7, 6 to 8, 6 to 9, 6 to 10, 7 to 8, 7 to 9, 7 to 10, 8 to 9, 8 to 10, or 9 to 10.
[0224] In some embodiments, the composition has a DAR value of 3 to 9 or of 5 to 8, for example, 3.0 to 3.5, 3.0 to 4.0, 3.0 to 4.5, 3.0 to 5.0, 3.0 to 5.5, 3.0 to 6.0, 3.5 to 4.0, 3.5 to 4.5, 3.5 to 5.0, 3.5 to 5.5, 3.5 to 6.0, 3.5 to 6.5, 3.5 to 7.0, 3.5 to 7.5, 3.5 to 8.0, 4.0 to 4.5, 4.0 to 5.0, 4.0 to 5.5, 4.0 to 6.0, 4.0 to 6.5, 4.0 to 7.0, 4.0 to 7.5, 4.0 to 8.0, 4.5 to 5.0, 4.5 to 5.5, 4.5 to 6.0, 4.5 to 6.5, 4.5 to 7.0, 4.5 to 7.5, 4.5 to 8.0, 5.0 to 5.5, 5.0 to 6.0, 5.0 to 6.5, 5.0 to 7.0, 5.0 to 7.5, 5.0 to 8.0, 5.5 to 6.0, 5.5 to 6.5, 5.5 to 7.0, 5.5 to 7.5, 5.5 to 8.0, 6.0 to 6.5, 6.0 to 7.0, 6.0 to 7.5, 6.0 to 8.5, 6.5 to 7.0, 6.5 to 7.5, 6.5 to 8.5, 7.0 to 7.5, 7.0 to 9.0 or 7.5 to 9.0. Conjugation
[0225] In another aspect, the present application provides a method for conjugating the linker-payloads described herein to the antibodies described herein to make the antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) described herein.
[0226] In certain embodiments, the antibody described herein is conjugated to a linker-payload described herein via conjugation to a lysine in the antibody.
[0227] In certain embodiments, the antibody described herein is conjugated to a linker-payload described herein via conjugation to a cysteine residue in the antibody. In certain embodiments, the cysteine residues are from reduced intrachain disulfide bonds in the antibody. In certain embodiments, the cysteine residues are from reduced interchain disulfide bonds in the antibody.
[0228] In some embodiments, the antibody is conjugated to a linker-payload via conjugation to reduced interchain disulfide bonds in the antibody. For example, an IgG1 antibody consists of four polypeptide chains, two heavy chains comprising VH, CH1 and Fc (e.g., hinge, CH2 and CH3) domains, and two light chains comprising VL and CL domains, connected by interchain cysteine disulfide (-S-S-) bonds (e.g., two heavy chain-light chain interchain disulfide bonds and two hinge heavy chain-heavy chain interchain disulfide bonds) . In certain embodiments, when these disulfide bonds are broken under reducing conditions, eight (8) reactive cysteine sulfhydryl moieties are produced. In certain embodiments, each of the eight reactive cysteine sulfhydryl moieties is a point of attachment for a linker-drug, such that a maximum of eight (x = 8) linker-payloads may be attached to the reduced antibody. In certain embodiments, any one of the four disulfide bonds is broken under reducing conditions, two (2) reactive cysteine sulfhydryl moieties are produced. In further embodiments, each of the two reactive cysteine sulfhydryl moieties is a point of attachment for a linker-drug, such that two (x = 2) linker-drugs may be attached to the reduced antibody. In certain embodiments, any two of the four disulfide bonds are broken under reducing conditions, four (4) reactive cysteine sulfhydryl moieties are produced. In further embodiments, each of the four reactive cysteine sulfhydryl moieties is a point of attachment for a linker-drug, such that four (x = 4) linker-drugs may be attached to the reduced antibody. In certain embodiments, any three of the four disulfide bonds are broken under reducing conditions, six (6) reactive cysteine sulfhydryl moieties are produced. In further embodiments, each of the six reactive cysteine sulfhydryl moieties is a point of attachment for a linker-drug, such that six (x = 6) linker-drugs may be attached to the reduced antibody.
[0229] In some embodiments, the interchain disulfide bond is between two cysteine residues, which are broken under reducing conditions, resulting in two reactive cysteine sulfhydryl moieties. In further embodiments, the interchain disulfide bridge in the antibody is between a heavy chain and a light chain, such as between C220 of a heavy chain according to EU numbering and C214 of a kappa light chain according to the EU and / or Kabat numbering, or between C220 of a heavy chain according to the EU numbering and C214 of a lambda light chain according to the EU and / or Kabat numbering. Additionally, or alternatively, the interchain disulfide bridge in the antibody is between two heavy chains, such as between C226 and / or C229 of a first heavy chain and C226 and / or C229 of a second heavy chain according to the EU numbering. In some embodiments, the cysteine residues are in the hinge region of the antibody. In some embodiments, the cysteine residue is at any one or more of positions 220, 226, or 229 in the heavy chain according to EU numbering (also referred to herein as C220, C226 or C229, respectively) . In some embodiments, the cysteine residue is at position 214 in the light chain according to EU and / or Kabat numbering (also referred to herein as C214, such as position 214 in the kappa light chain according to EU and Kabat numbering or position 214 in the lambda light chain according to the EU and Kabat numbering) . In one embodiment, the cysteine residues are at each of positions 220, 226, and 229 in the heavy chain according to the EU numbering and position 214 in the light chain, according to EU or Kabat numbering. In one embodiment, the cysteine residues are at each of positions 220, 226, and 229 in the heavy chain according to the EU numbering and position 214 in the kappa light chain, according to EU and Kabat numbering. In one embodiment, the cysteine residues are at each of positions 220, 226, and 229 in the heavy chain according to the EU numbering and position 214 in the lambda light chain, according to EU and Kabat numbering. In one embodiment, the cysteine residues are at any one or more of the following positions: (i) any one, or any two, or any three of positions 220, 226, and 229 in a first heavy chain according to the EU numbering; (ii) any one, or any two, or any three of positions 220, 226, and 229 in a second heavy chain according to the EU numbering; (iii) position 214 in a first light chain according to the Kabat numbering and / or EU numbering; and / or (iv) position 214 in a second light chain according to the Kabat numbering and / or EU numbering.
[0230] As used herein, C220, C226, and C229 refer to amino acid residues (cysteine, Cys, C) of an immunoglobulin identified according to the EU numbering. As it would be understood by one of skill in the art, such numberings accordingly represent amino acid residues of a polypeptide aligned to those identified in an immunoglobulin, such as the one shown in www. imgt. org / IMGTScientificChart / Numbering / Hu_IGHGnber. html.
[0231] As used herein, the cysteine residue at position 214 of kappa light chain refer to amino acid residues (cysteine, Cys, C) of an immunoglobulin identified according to the Eu or Kabat numbering. As it would be understood by one of skill in the art, such numberings accordingly represent amino acid residues of a polypeptide aligned to those identified in an immunoglobulin, such as the one shown in www. imgt. org / IMGTScientificChart / Numbering / Hu_IGKCnber. html.
[0232] As used herein, the cysteine residue at position 214 of lambda light chain refer to amino acid residues (cysteine, Cys, C) of an immunoglobulin identified according to the Eu or Kabat numbering. As it would be understood by one of skill in the art, such numberings accordingly represent amino acid residues of a polypeptide aligned to those identified in an immunoglobulin, such as the one shown in www. imgt. org / IMGTScientificChart / Numbering / Hu_IGLCnber. html.
[0233] In certain embodiments, the antibodies described herein comprise four interchain disulfide bonds in the hinge region which may be reduced, thereby breaking the bond, and revealing a reactive sulfhydryl moiety that may be conjugated with a maleimide moiety on a linker-payload, such as the maleimide moiety on linker-payloads described herein.
[0234] In certain embodiments, the antibodies described herein comprise lysine residues wherein the reactive amine side chains of lysine residues may be conjugated with a linker-payload, such as a maleimide moiety on linker-payloads described herein.
[0235] In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method of making an ADC described herein, comprising the steps of: a) providing a solution comprising the antibody; b) contacting the solution of a) with a reducing agent; c) contacting the solution of b) with a solution comprising a linker-payload or a salt thereof, as described herein, to make the ADC.
[0236] In one embodiment, the reducing agent is tris (2 carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP) . Pharmaceutical compositions
[0237] In another aspect, the present application provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more ADCs or compositions as described herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and / or excipient.
[0238] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises an additional pharmaceutically active agent. In certain embodiments, the additional pharmaceutically active agent is a drug having antitumor activity. In some embodiments, the additional pharmaceutically active agent is selected from: EGFR inhibitors, HER2 inhibitors, HER3 inhibitors, HER4 inhibitors, IGFR-1 inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, PI3 kinase inhibitors, c-MET or VEGF inhibitors, chemotherapy drugs, and any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the ADC or composition as described herein and the additional pharmaceutically active agent are provided as separate components or as mixed components.
[0239] In certain embodiments, the ADC or composition in the pharmaceutical composition of the invention is sufficient (e.g., in a subject) to exert a tumor suppressive effect (e.g., a tumor suppressive effect superior to a monospecific anti-c-MET antibody and / or a monospecific anti-EGFR antibody, wherein the amino acid sequences of the CDRs of the monospecific anti-c-MET antibody are identical to the amino acid sequences of the CDRs of the first antigen-binding domain, and the amino acid sequences of the CDRs of the monospecific anti-EGFR antibody are identical to the amino acid sequences of the CDRs of the second antigen-binding domain) .
[0240] In certain embodiments, the tumor suppressive effects include: inhibition of EGFR and c-MET signaling, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity, and / or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) activity.
[0241] In some embodiments, the ADCs provided herein are formulated in unit injection form with a pharmaceutically acceptable parenteral carrier for parenteral use, such as intravenous bolus injection, intravenous injection, intratumoral injection, and the like. Optionally, the ADC with the desired purity is mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, carrier, excipient or stabilizer to prepare a lyophilized or solution form (Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences (1980) p. 16th edition, Osol, A. Ed. ) . The ADCs described herein or pharmaceutical compositions comprising the ADCs may be administered to a subject by any suitable route. Therapeutic uses of the ADCs
[0242] In another aspect, provided herein is the use of any of the ADCs, compositions, or pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein in preparing a medicament for prevention and / or treatment and / or in a subject or adjuvant treatment of diseases related to c-MET and / or EGFR, and / or for inhibiting the activity of c-MET and / or EGFR in vitro or in a subject; wherein the method is related to c-MET-and / or EGFR-related diseases, including but not limited to cancers associated with EGFR activating mutations, EGFR gene amplification, elevated circulating HGF levels, c-MET activating mutations, and / or c-MET gene amplification.
[0243] In some embodiments, the cancer is selected from lung cancer, epithelial cell cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, oral cancer, colorectal cancer, anal cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, pharyngeal cancer, nasal cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, tongue cancer, esophageal cancer, vaginal cancer, cervical cancer, spleen cancer, testicular cancer, gastric cancer, thymic cancer, thyroid cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, sporadic or hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma, colon cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer or head and neck cancer. In some embodiments, the cancer is selected from lung cancer, head and neck cancer, and colorectal cancer.
[0244] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of inhibiting the activity of c-MET and / or EGFR in a cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with an ADC composition or pharmaceutical composition as described herein. In certain embodiments, the cell is a cell (e.g., a tumor cell) that expresses c-MET and / or EGFR.
[0245] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preventing, treating, and / or acting as an adjuvant in treating a disease related to c-MET and / or EGFR in a subject, the method comprising administering an effective amount of an ADC, composition, and / or pharmaceutical composition provided herein to a subject in need thereof.
[0246] In certain embodiments, the method further comprises administering to the subject a second therapy selected from surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, DNA therapy, RNA therapy, nanotherapy, virotherapy, adjuvant therapy, and any combination thereof.
[0247] In certain embodiments, the second therapy may be applied simultaneously, separately or sequentially to the methods described above.
[0248] The ADC of the present invention and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be formulated into any dosage form known in the medical field, for example, tablet, pill, suspension, emulsion, solution, gel, capsule, powder, granule, elixir, lozenge, suppository, injection (including solution for injection, sterile powder for injection and concentrated solution for injection) , inhalant, spray, etc. The preferred dosage form depends on the intended mode of administration and therapeutic use. Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention should be sterile and stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage. A preferred dosage form is injection. Such injection can be a sterile solution for injection. For example, the sterile solution for injection can be prepared by incorporating in an appropriate solvent a necessary dose of the ADC or the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, and optionally, simultaneously incorporating other desired ingredients (including but not limited to, pH adjusting agent, surfactant, adjuvant, ionic strength enhancer, isotonic agent, preservative, diluent, or any combination thereof) , followed by filter sterilization. In addition, a sterile solution for injection can be prepared as sterile lyophilized powder (e.g., by vacuum drying or freeze-drying) for ease of storage and use. Such sterile lyophilized powder can be dispersed in a suitable carrier before use, such as sterile pyrogen-free water.
[0249] Furthermore, the ADCs of the present invention may be presented in pharmaceutical compositions in unit dosage form for ease of administration.
[0250] The ADC and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered by any suitable method known in the art, including but not limited to, oral, buccal, sublingual, ocular, topical, parenteral, rectal, intrathecal, intracytoplasmic reticulum, groin, intravesical, topical (e.g., powder, ointment, or drops) , or nasal route. However, for many therapeutic uses, the preferred route / mode of administration is parenteral (e.g., intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection, intraperitoneal injection, intramuscular injection) . The skilled artisan will understand that the route and / or mode of administration will vary depending on the intended purpose. In some preferred embodiments, the ADC and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention are administered by intravenous injection or injection.
[0251] The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may comprise a “therapeutically effective amount” or “prophylactically effective amount” of the bispecific antibody of the present invention. The “prophylactically effective amount” means an amount sufficient to prevent, arrest, or delay the occurrence of a disease. The “therapeutically effective amount” refers to an amount sufficient to cure, or at least partially prevent the disease and its complications in a patient already suffering from the disease. The therapeutically effective amount of the bispecific antibody of the invention may vary according to the following factors: The severity of the disease to be treated, the general state of the patient's immune system, the general condition of the patient such as age, weight and sex, the mode of administration of the drug, and other treatments administered at the same time, etc.
[0252] In the present invention, dosing regimens can be adjusted to obtain the optimum desired response (e.g., a therapeutic or prophylactic response) . For example, a single dose can be administered, multiple doses can be administered over time or the dose can be proportionally reduced or increased as indicated by the exigencies of the therapeutic situation.
[0253] In the present invention, the subject may be a mammal, such as a human. Kits
[0254] Also provided are kits comprising one or more ADCs described herein, or pharmaceutical compositions thereof. In a specific embodiment, provided herein is a pharmaceutical pack or kit comprising one or more containers filled with one or more of the ingredients of the pharmaceutical compositions described herein, such as one or more ADCs provided herein. In certain embodiments, the kits comprise a pharmaceutical composition described herein and any prophylactic or therapeutic agent, such as those described herein. In certain embodiments, the kits may comprise a T cell mitogen, such as, e.g., phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and / or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) , or a TCR complex stimulating antibody, such as an anti-CD3 antibody and anti-CD28 antibody. Optionally associated with such container (s) can be a notice in the form prescribed by a governmental agency regulating the manufacture, use or sale of pharmaceuticals or biological products, which notice reflects approval by the agency of manufacture, use or sale for human administration.
[0255] Also provided are kits that can be used in the methods described herein. In certain embodiments, a kit comprises an ADC described herein, in particular embodiments, purified ADC, in one or more containers. In a specific embodiment, kits described herein contain a substantially isolated c-MET and / or EGFR antigen as a control. In another specific embodiment, the kits described herein further comprise a control antibody which does not react with c-MET or EGFR antigen. In another specific embodiment, kits described herein contain one or more elements for detecting the binding of an antibody to a c-MET and / or EGFR antigen (e.g., the antibody can be conjugated to a detectable substrate such as a fluorescent compound, an enzymatic substrate, a radioactive compound or a luminescent compound, or a second antibody which recognizes the first antibody can be conjugated to a detectable substrate) . In specific embodiments, a kit provided herein can include a recombinantly produced or chemically synthesized c-MET and / or EGFR antigen. The antigen provided in the kit can also be attached to a solid support. In a more specific embodiment, the detecting means of the above-described kit includes a solid support to which a c-MET and / or EGFR antigen is attached. Such a kit can also include a non-attached reporter-labeled anti-human antibody or anti-mouse / rat antibody. In this embodiment, binding of the bispecific antibody to the antigen can be detected by binding of the said reporter-labeled antibody. Sequence information
[0256] A description of the sequences involved in this application is provided in the table below.
[0257] The invention will now be described with reference to the following examples, which are intended to illustrate the invention, not limit it.
[0258] Unless otherwise specified, the molecular biology experimental methods and immunoassay methods used in the present invention basically refer to J. Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: Laboratory Manual, 2nd ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989, and F. M. Ausubel et al., A Laboratory Guide to Molecular Biology, 3rd Edition, John Wiley &Sons, Inc., 1995. EXAMPLES
[0259] The following examples are meant to be illustrative and should not be construed as further limiting. The contents of the figures and all references, patents, and published patent applications cited throughout this application are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Example 1: Preparation of Compounds
[0260] Compound A-05: N- ( (S) -10-benzyl-1- ( ( (1S, 9S) -5-chloro-9-ethyl-9-hydroxy-4-methyl-10, 13-dioxo-2, 3, 9, 10, 13, 15-hexahydro-1H, 12H-benzo [de] pyrano [3', 4': 6, 7] indolizino [1, 2-b] quinolin-1-yl) amino) -1, 6, 9, 12, 15-pentaoxo-3-oxa-5, 8, 11, 14-tetraazahexadecan-16-yl) -6- (2- (methylsulfonyl) pyrimidin-5-yl) hex-5-ynamide
[0261] Under nitrogen protection, 2, 5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl-6- (2- (methylsulfonyl) pyrimidin-5-yl) hex-5-ynoate (IM-2, 0.66 g, 1.80 mmol) and (R) -16-amino-10-benzyl-6, 9, 12, 15-tetraoxo-3-oxa-5, 8, 11, 14-tetraazahexadecanoic acid (IM-3, 0.75 g, 1.77 mmol) were added to DMF (19 mL) , heated to 35 ℃ for 16 hours, then (1S, 9S) -1-amino-5-chloro-9-ethyl-9-hydroxy-4-methyl-1, 2, 3, 9, 12, 15-hexahydro-10H, 13H-benzo [de] pyrano [3', 4': 6, 7] indolizine [1, 2-b] quinoline-10, 13-dione (1-4, 1.00 g, 1.77 mmol) was added to the system, cooled to 5~15 ℃ with ice water, 4- (4, 6-Dimethoxy-1, 3, 5-triazin-2-yl) -4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMTMM) (0.98 g, 3.53 mmol) was added, and N, N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) (1.14 g, 8.84 mmol) was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out at 25 ℃ for 16 hours. The reaction solution was poured into a mixture of dichloromethane (DCM) (600 mL) , isopropyl alcohol (IPA) (60 mL) , and water (100 mL) and stirred for 10 minutes. The DCM phase was separated, washed with brine (100 ml) , and concentrated to obtain a crude product, which was purified by preparative High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and freeze-dried to obtain 0.98 g of compound A-05.
[0262] A-05 separation and purification method is as follows: Column: WatersTM SunFire Prep C18 OBD (5 μm*19 mm*150 mm) ; Mobile phase A: acetonitrile; Mobile phase B: water (0.05%formic acid) .
[0263] A-05 structural characterization data are as follows: MS m / z (ESI) : 1107.3 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.10 (s, 2H) , 8.66 -8.63 (m, 1H) , 8.51 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H) , 8.34 -8.31 (m, 1H) , 8.21 -8.19 (m, 1H) , 8.17 –8.09 (m, 2H) , 8.08 -8.04 (m, 1H) , 7.30 (s, 1H) , 7.26 -7.15 (m, 5H) , 6.55 (s, 1H) , 5.56 -5.55 (m, 1H) , 5.48 -5.35 (m, 2H) , 5.25 –5.10 (m, 2H) , 4.64 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H) , 4.45 -4.44 (m, 1H) , 4.06 -3.98 (m, 2H) , 3.77 -3.52 (m, 6H) , 3.41 (s, 3H) , 3.25 -3.12 (m, 2H) , 3.03 -3.00 (m, 1H) , 2.83 –2.72 (m, 1H) , 2.58 –2.56 (m, 2H) , 2.48 (s, 3H) , 2.33 –2.30 (m, 2H) , 2.21 –2.13 (m, 2H) , 1.91 –1.76 (m, 4H) , 0.87 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H) .
[0264] Compound A-14: N- ( (7S, 10S, 13S) -1- ( ( (1S, 9S) -5-chloro-9-ethyl-9-hydroxy-4-methyl-10, 13-dioxo-2, 3, 9, 10, 13, 15-hexahydro-1H, 12H-benzo [de] pyrano [3', 4': 6, 7] indolizino [1, 2-b] quinolin-1-yl) amino) -7, 10-dimethyl-1, 6, 9, 12-tetraoxo-3-oxa-5, 8, 11-triazatetradec-13-yl) -6- (2- (methylsulfonyl) pyrimidin-5-yl) hex-5-ynamide Step 1:
[0265] Compound IM-4 (657 mg, 1.22 mmol) and compound 1-4 (500 mg, 1.11 mmol) were dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) (10 mL) , and then hexafluorophosphate azabenzotriazole tetramethyl uronium (HATU) (630.67 mg, 1.66 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) (428 mg, 3.32 mmol) were added and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was directly purified by preparative HPLC and then freeze-dried to obtain 700 mg of IM-5 compound.
[0266] The preparative HPLC purification method is as follows: Column: WatersTM SunFire Prep C18 OBD (5 μm*19 mm*150 mm) ; Mobile phase A: acetonitrile; Mobile phase B: water (0.05%formic acid) . Step 2:
[0267] Compound IM-5 (500 mg, 0.513 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (2 mL) , and diethylamine (DEA) (75.05 mg, 1.03 mmol) was added and reacted at room temperature for 1 hour. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was directly purified by preparative HPLC and freeze-dried to obtain 307 mg of IM-6 compound.
[0268] The preparative HPLC purification method is as follows: Column: WatersTM SunFire Prep C18 OBD (5 μm*19 mm*150 mm) ; Mobile phase A: acetonitrile; Mobile phase B: water (0.05%formic acid) . Step 3:
[0269] IM-6 (170 mg, 0.226 mmol) and compound IM-2 (90.83 mg, 0.249 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (10 mL) , and DIPEA (29.21 mg, 0.226 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction solution was directly purified by preparative HPLC and freeze-dried to obtain 50.56 mg of compound A-14. Its structural characterization data are as follows: MS m / z (ESI) : 1002.4 [M+H] +.
[0270] The preparative HPLC purification method is as follows: Column: WatersTM SunFire Prep C18 OBD (5 μm*19 mm*150 mm) ; Mobile phase A: acetonitrile; Mobile phase B: water (0.05%formic acid) .
[0271] 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.11 (s, 2H) , 8.68 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H) , 8.49 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H) , 8.16 (s, 1H) , 8.10 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H) , 8.01 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H) , 7.91 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.31 (s, 1H) , 6.55 (s, 1H) , 5.65-5.55 (m, 1H) , 5.43 (s, 2H) , 5.21 (s, 2H) , 4.67-4.55 (m, 2H) , 4.29-4.15 (m, 3H) , 3.98 (s, 2H) , 3.41 (s, 3H) , 3.25-3.15 (m, 2H) , 2.57-2.56 (m, 2H) , 2.35-2.27 (m, 2H) , 2.22-2.12 (m, 2H) , 1.91-1.75 (m, 4H) , 1.23-1.09 (m, 9H) , 0.87 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H) .
[0272] Compound B-01: Synthesis of 4- ( (S) -2- (4-aminobutyl) -35- (4- ( (6- (2- (methylsulfonyl) pyrimidin-5-yl) hex-5-ynamide) methyl) -1H-1, 2, 3-triazol-1-yl) -4, 8-dioxo-6, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33-nonaoxa-3, 9-diazapentaconamide) benzyl ( (S) -4-ethyl-11- (2- (N- (isopropyl) methylsulfonamide) ethyl) -3, 14-dioxo-3, 4, 12, 14-tetrahydro-1H-pyrano [3', 4': 6, 7] indolizino [1, 2-b] quinolin-4-yl) carbonate Step 1:
[0273] At room temperature, compound B-01-1 (413.40 mg, 0.251 mmol, its synthesis reference patent CN111295389B) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water (2.0 mL: 0.5 mL) , and cuprous bromide (72.95 mg, 0.503 mmol) and 6- (2- (methylsulfonyl) pyrimidin-5-yl) -N- (prop-2-yn-1-yl) -hex-5-ynamide (95.10 mg, 0.302 mmol) were added. After stirring for 1 hour, the reaction was filtered and the filtrate was purified by preparative HPLC (conditions as follows) to obtain 30.00 mg of compound B-01-2.
[0274] Chromatographic column: WatersTM SunFire Prep C18 OBD 19 mm×150 mm×5.0 μm; Mobile phase A: acetonitrile; mobile phase B: water. Step 2:
[0275] Compound B-01-2 (30.00 mg, 0.02 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (1.0 mL) . Trifluoroacetic acid (0.2 mL) was added to the reaction solution and reacted at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by preparative HPLC (conditions as follows) to obtain 20.00 mg of trifluoroacetate salt of compound B-01.
[0276] Chromatographic column: WatersTM SunFire Prep C18 OBD 19 mm×150 mm×5.0 μm; Mobile phase A: acetonitrile; Mobile phase B: water (0.05%trifluoroacetic acid) .
[0277] The structural characterization data are as follows: ESI-MS (m / z) : 1631.7 [M+H] +, 816.0 [M / 2+H] +. EXAMPLE 2: PREPARATION OF ANTIBODIES 2.1 Construction and expression of recombinant anti-EGFR and anti-c-MET bispecific antibodies
[0278] Several bispecific antibodies with Fab-scFv-Fc (knob-in-hole (KIH) heterodimerization) structures were prepared, and a knob-in-hole structure was used between the heavy chains to prevent mispairing. The amino acid sequences of several anti-EGFR and anti-c-MET bispecific antibodies 07B, 10B, 38B and 49B are as follows: 07B: The anti-c-MET part LC is SEQ ID NO: 1, the HC (knob) is SEQ ID NO: 2, and the anti-EGFR part scFv-Fc (hole) is SEQ ID NO: 3; 10B: The anti-EGFR part LC is SEQ ID NO: 4, the HC (knob) is SEQ ID NO: 5, and the anti-c-MET part scFv-Fc (hole) is SEQ ID NO: 6; 38B: The anti-EGFR part LC is SEQ ID NO: 4, the HC (knob) is SEQ ID NO: 7, and the anti-c-MET part scFv-Fc (hole) is SEQ ID NO: 8; 49B: The anti-c-MET part LC is SEQ ID NO: 1, the HC (knob) is SEQ ID NO: 9, and the anti-EGFR part scFv-Fc (hole) is SEQ ID NO: 10.
[0279] The above sequences were sent to GenScript Biotech Corporation (Piscataway, NJ) for codon optimization and DNA synthesis. The light and heavy chains of the bispecific antibody were cloned into Kelun Biotech's pKLGS expression vector (containing two expression frames. The promoter of the first expression frame is mouse CMV, and the polyA is sv40 polyA; the promoter of the second expression frame is mouse CMV, and the polyA is TK polyA) . The scFv-Fc of the bispecific antibody was cloned into Kelun Biotech's pKL5 vector (containing 1 expression frame, the promoter is mouse CMV, and the polyA is CMV polyA) or pKL8 expression vector (containing 1 expression frame, the promoter is mouse CMV, and the polyA is CMV polyA) . The plasmids expressing the light and heavy chains of the bispecific antibody were co-transfected with the plasmid expressing the bispecific antibody scFv-Fc into CHO-K1 cells (American Type Culture Collection (ATCCTM) , Manassas, VA) . After a period of expression, the supernatant was harvested, and the antibodies were captured by Protein A (MabSelect SuReTM, GE Healthcare, China) affinity chromatography and then purified by cationic chromatography ( CPX, Merck GmbH) to obtain bispecific antibodies 07B, 10B, 38B and 49B.
[0280] The bispecific antibody 41B with Fab-scFab-Fc (KIH) structure, the bispecific antibody 55B with CrossMab structure (F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd ) , and the bispecific antibody 56B with scFv-Fc (KIH) structure were further prepared, and their sequences are shown in the aforementioned sequence information table. 2.2 Construction and expression of control recombinant anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody and anti-c-MET monoclonal antibody
[0281] The anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody Zalutumumab is the parent monoclonal antibody of the bispecific antibody of the present invention. The variable region sequence is consistent with the anti-EGFR end of the bispecific antibody of the present invention. The sequence is obtained from the (the international ImMunoGeneTics information ) website query, and the International Nonproprietary Names (INN) number is 8605. The anti-c-MET monoclonal antibody Onartuzumab is the parent monoclonal antibody of the bispecific antibody of the present invention. The variable region sequence is consistent with the anti-c-MET end of the bispecific antibody of the present invention. The sequence is obtained from the website query, and the INN number is 9368. The plasmids expressing the control light and heavy chains were transfected into CHO-K1 cells. After a period of expression, the supernatant was harvested and purified by Protein A (MabSelect SuReTM) to obtain the control monoclonal antibodies Zalutumumab and Onartuzumab. 2.3 Expression of anti-EGFR / c-MET control bispecific antibody
[0282] The anti-EGFR / c-MET bispecific antibody Amivantamab is a marketed bispecific antibody for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. The sequence was obtained from the website, with an INN number of 11030. The bispecific antibody sequence was entrusted to GenScript Biotech Co., Ltd. for expression, and the control bispecific antibody Amivantamab was obtained. AZD9592 is an anti-EGFR and c-MET dual antibody ADC in clinical phase I. The antibody sequence is derived from patent WO2023083846A1. The plasmid expressing the AZD9592 antibody was transfected into CHO-K1 cells. After a period of expression, the supernatant was harvested and purified by Protein A (MabSelect SuReTM) to obtain the AZD9592 antibody. Example 3 Conjugation of a Compound Comprising a Cell-Active Molecule and a Linker to an Antibody
[0283] 3.1 Preparation of ADCs of bispecific antibodies 38B, 49B and hIgG1 coupled to A-05
[0284] A certain amount of bispecific antibodies 38B, 49B and hIgG1 was diluted with 20 mM Phosphate buffer (PB) + 0.1M Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) pH 7.6, then the pH was adjusted to 7.6 with 1M Na2HPO4 solution, 10 mM Tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) solution (pH 7.6) was added, mixed well, and left at room temperature for 2 hours. Then, 8 times the amount of A-05 dissolved in DMSO was added to 38B and 49B; Then 10 times the amount of A-05 (10 mM) dissolved in DMSO was added to hIgG1, and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 hours. The buffer was replaced with a 20 mM histidine buffer solution at pH 6.0 using a NAP-5 gel column (Cytiva) to obtain antibody-drug conjugates 38B-A-05, 49B-A-05 and hIgG1-A-05. The DAR values of 38B-A-05 and 49B-A-05 measured by mass spectrometry were approximately 6, and the DAR value of hIgG1-A-05 was approximately 8. 3.2 Preparation of bispecific antibodies 38B, 49B and ADCs of onartuzumab, zalutumumab, and hIgG1 coupled to A-14
[0285] A certain amount of bispecific antibodies 38B, 49B, Onartuzumab, Zalutumumab, and hIgG1 was diluted with 20 mM PB + 0.1M EDTA pH 7.6, then the pH was adjusted to 7.6 with 1M Na2HPO4 solution, 10mM TCEP solution (pH 7.6) was added, mixed well, and left at room temperature for 2 hours. Then, 8-fold amount of A-14 (10 mM) solution dissolved in DMSO was added to 38B and 49B, and 10-fold amount of A-14 (10 mM) solution dissolved in DMSO was added to onartuzumab, zalutumumab, and hIgG1. After standing at room temperature for 2 hours, the buffer was replaced with a 20 mM histidine buffer solution at pH 6.0 using a NAP-5 gel column (Cytiva, Marlborough, MA) to obtain antibody-drug conjugates 38B-A-14, 49B-A-14, Onartuzumab-A-14, Zalutumumab-A-14, and hIgG1-A-14. The DAR values of 38B-A-14 and 49B-A-14 measured by mass spectrometry were approximately 6, and the DAR values of Onartuzumab-A-14, Zalutumumab-A-14, and hIgG1-A-14 were approximately 8. 3.3 Preparation of ADCs of bispecific antibody 49B and hIgG1 coupled to B-01
[0286] A certain amount of bispecific antibody 49B and hIgG1 was diluted with 20 mM PB + 0.1M EDTA pH 7.60, and then the pH was adjusted to 7.6 with 1 M Na2HPO4 solution, 8 times the amount of B-01 (10 mM) solution dissolved in DMSO was added to 49B, and 10 times the amount of B-01 (10 mM) solution dissolved in DMSO was added to hIgG1 and left at room temperature for 2 hours. The buffer was replaced with a 20 mM histidine buffer solution at pH 6.0 using a NAP-5 gel column (Cytiva) to obtain antibody-drug conjugates 49B-B-01 and hIgG1-B-01. The DAR values of 49B-B-01 and hIgG1-B-01 measured by mass spectrometry were approximately 6 and 8, respectively. 3.4 Preparation of bispecific ADC AZD9592
[0287] A certain amount of AZD9592 antibody was taken, the pH was adjusted to 7.4 with 1M Na2HPO4 solution, 10 mM TCEP, pH 7.4) solution was added, and after standing at room temperature for 3.5 hours, 12 times the amount of SG3932 (WO2023083846A1, purchased from Shanghai Xiyao Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. ) solution dissolved in DMSO was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 3 hours. The buffer solution was replaced with a 20 mM histidine buffer solution at pH 6.0 using a NAP gel column (Cytiva) to obtain the antibody-drug conjugate AZD9592. The DAR value determined by mass spectrometry was approximately 6. Example 4: Antibody-Drug Conjugates Inhibit Proliferation of Various Cancer Cells 4.1 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in the MKN45-EGFR model
[0288] Human gastric cancer cells MKN45-EGFR (MKN45 was purchased from Nanjing Kebai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and Kelun Biotech modified MKN45 to obtain the highly expressed human EGFR engineered cell line MKN45-EGFR) were cultured in monolayer in vitro. The culture conditions were Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) medium with 10%fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 3 μg / mL Puromycin, and the cells were cultured at 37 ℃ in an incubator containing 5%CO2. The cells were digested and passaged with trypsin-EDTA 2-3 times a week. When the cells were in the exponential growth phase, the culture medium was taken for mycoplasma detection, and then the cells were collected and counted.
[0289] Each mouse was subcutaneously inoculated with 2.5×106 MKN45-EGFR cells suspended in 0.1 mL phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at the right scapula. When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular, too small or too large tumor volumes were removed. The remaining mice were randomly divided into groups according to tumor volume and animal weight, with 5 mice in each group, and the drugs were injected into the tail vein (i.v. ) . Dosage setting: 38B-A-14, 38B-A-05, and 49B-A-14 are 3 mg / kg, hIgG1-A-14, Onartuzumab-A-14, and Zalutumumab-A-14 are the same toxin doses as 38B-A-14, and the antibody-drug conjugate samples are only administered once during grouping; Amivantamab is administered twice a week after grouping, for a total of 5 times, with a dose of 10 mg / kg.
[0290] After grouping, tumors were measured with a vernier caliper twice a week, and the tumor volume was calculated according to the following formula: V = 0.5a×b2, where a and b represent the long and short diameters of the tumor, respectively. The antitumor efficacy was evaluated by the tumor growth inhibition rate (TGI (%) , calculated using the formula: TGI (%) (tumor volume) = [1- (TVt-TV0) / (CVt-CV0) ] ×100%; when the tumor regressed, TGI (%) (tumor volume) = 100%- (TVt-TV0) / TV0×100%. TV0 is the average tumor volume of the test drug group at the time of group administration; TVt is the average tumor volume of the test drug group t days after administration; CV0 is the average tumor volume of the vehicle group at the time of group administration; CVt is the average tumor volume of the vehicle group t days after administration.
[0291] The results showed that the bispecific antibody-drug conjugates 38B-A-05, 38B-A-14, and 49B-A-14 were more effective than the parental monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates Onartuzumab-A-14, Zalutumumab-A-14, and Amivantamab at 3 mg / kg. The specific results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1. Table 1: Analysis of the efficacy of different antibody-drug conjugates in the MKN45-EGFR cell tumor-bearing mouse model 4.2 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in the MKN45 model
[0292] Human gastric cancer cells MKN45 (purchased from Nanjing Kebai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. ) were cultured in vitro in monolayers in Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640) medium supplemented with 10%FBS at 37 ℃ in an incubator containing 5%CO2. The cells were digested and passaged with trypsin-EDTA 2-3 times a week. When the cells were in the exponential growth phase, the culture medium was taken for mycoplasma detection, and then the cells were collected and counted. Each mouse was subcutaneously inoculated with 2.5×106 MKN45 cells suspended in 0.1 mL PBS at the right scapula.
[0293] When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular, too small or too large tumor volumes were eliminated, and the remaining mice were randomly divided into groups according to tumor volume and animal weight, with 6 mice in each group, and administered via tail vein injection (i.v. ) . The drug was administered once on the day of grouping. The dose setting was: 38B-A-14 and 49B-A-14 were 3 mg / kg, and hIgG1-A-14, Onartuzumab-A-14, and Zalutumumab-A-14 were the same toxin dose of 3 mg / kg as 38B-A-14. The TGI value of each group was calculated using the same method as in 4.1 above.
[0294] The results showed that the bispecific ADCs 38B-A-14 and 49B-A-14 were more effective than the clinical-stage drugs MRG003, ABBV399, and the parental monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates Zalutumumab-A-14 and Onartuzumab-A-14 at 3 mg / kg. The specific results are shown in Table 2 and FIG. 2. Table 2: Analysis of the efficacy of different antibody-drug conjugates in the MKN45 cell tumor-bearing mouse model 4.3 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in the HCC827 model
[0295] Human non-small cell lung cancer cells HCC827 (purchased from Nanjing Kebai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. ) were cultured in vitro in monolayers in RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10%FBS at 37℃ in an incubator containing 5%CO2. The cells were digested and passaged with trypsin-EDTA 2-3 times a week. When the cells were in the exponential growth phase, the culture medium was taken for mycoplasma detection, and then the cells were collected and counted. Each mouse was subcutaneously inoculated with 5×106 HCC827 cells suspended in 0.1 mL PBS at the right scapula.
[0296] When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular, too small or too large tumor volumes were eliminated, and the remaining mice were randomly divided into groups according to tumor volume and animal weight, with 6 mice in each group, and the drugs were injected into the tail vein (i.v. ) . The drugs were given once on the day of grouping. The dose setting was: 38B-A-14 and 49B-A-14 were 3 mg / kg, and hIgG1-A-14, Onartuzumab-A-14, and Zalutumumab-A-14 were the same toxin dose of 3 mg / kg as 49B-A-14. The TGI value of each group was calculated using the same method as in 4.1 above.
[0297] The efficacy of the bispecific antibody-drug conjugates 38B-A-14 and 49B-A-14 is superior to that of the parental monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates Zalutumumab-A-14 and Onartuzumab-A-14. The specific results are shown in Table 3 and FIG. 3. Table 3: Analysis of the efficacy of different antibody-drug conjugates in the HCC827 cell tumor-bearing mouse model 4.4 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in the EBC-1-EGFR model
[0298] Human non-small cell lung cancer cells EBC-1-EGFR (Kelun-Biotech) were cultured in monolayer in vitro. The culture conditions were DMEM medium with 10%FBS and 1 μg / mL Puromycin, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ with 5%CO2. The cells were digested and passaged with trypsin-EDTA 2-3 times a week. When the cells were in the exponential growth phase, the culture medium was taken for mycoplasma detection, and then the cells were collected and counted. Each mouse was subcutaneously inoculated with 5×106 EBC-1-EGFR cells suspended in 0.1 mL PBS at the right scapula.
[0299] When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular, too small or too large tumor volumes were eliminated, and the remaining mice were randomly divided into groups according to tumor volume and animal weight, with 5 mice in each group, and administered by tail vein injection (i.v. ) . The drugs were administered once on the day of grouping. The doses were set as follows: 1 mg / kg and 3 mg / kg for 49B-A-14, 3 mg / kg for hIgG1-A-14, which was the same toxin dose as 49B-A-14, and 1 mg / kg for Onartuzumab-A-14 and Zalutumumab-A-14, which was the same toxin dose as 49B-A-14. The TGI value of each group was calculated using the same method as in 4.1 above.
[0300] The bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 completely regressed the tumor at 3 mg / kg, and the TGI at a dose of 1 mg / kg was 69.89%. The efficacy was superior to the parent antibody-drug conjugates Zalutumumab-A-14 and Onartuzumab-A-14. The specific results are shown in Table 4 and FIG 4. Table 4: Analysis of the efficacy of different antibody-drug conjugates in the EBC-1-EGFR cell tumor-bearing mouse model 4.5 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in the HCC827 model
[0301] Human non-small cell lung cancer cells HCC827 (purchased from Nanjing Kebai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. ) were cultured in vitro in monolayers in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10%FBS at 37 ℃ in an incubator containing 5%CO2. The cells were digested and passaged with trypsin-EDTA 2-3 times a week. When the cells were in the exponential growth phase, the culture medium was taken for mycoplasma detection, and then the cells were collected and counted. Each mouse was subcutaneously inoculated at the right scapula with 5×106 HCC827 cells suspended in 0.1 mL serum-free RPMI 1640. When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shape and tumors that were too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were randomly divided into groups according to tumor volume and animal weight, with 5 mice in each group. The drugs were injected into the tail vein (i.v. ) once a week for a total of 2 times. The dosage setting was: 49B-A-14 and AZD9592 were both 1 mg / kg. The TGI value of each group was calculated using the same method as in 4.1 above.
[0302] The TGI of the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 in the 1 mg / kg group was 147.69%, with significant efficacy. The TGI of the AZD9592 1 mg / kg group was 84.80%, and 49B-A-14 was significantly superior to AZD9592 (**, p < 0.01) . The specific results are shown in Table 5 and FIG. 5. Table 5: Efficacy analysis of different antibody-drug conjugates in the HCC827 model 4.6 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in the PC-9 model
[0303] Human non-small cell lung cancer PC-9 cells (PC-9 purchased from Nanjing Kebai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. ) were cultured in vitro in a monolayer culture in RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10%FBS at 37 ℃ in an incubator containing 5%CO2. The cells were digested and passaged with trypsin-EDTA 2-3 times a week. When the cells were in the exponential growth phase, the culture medium was taken for mycoplasma detection, and then the cells were collected and counted. Each mouse was subcutaneously inoculated at the right scapula with 5×106 PC-9 cells suspended in 0.1 mL serum-free RPMI1640 containing 50%Matrigel (Corning Life Sciences, Tewksbury, MA) .
[0304] When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shape and tumor volume that was too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were randomly divided into groups according to tumor volume and animal weight, with 5 mice in each group, and the drugs were injected into the tail vein (i.v. ) once on the day of grouping. The dose setting was: 49B-A-14 was 3 mg / kg and 10 mg / kg, and AZD9592 was 3 mg / kg and 10 mg / kg. The TGI value of each group was calculated using the same method as in 4.1 above.
[0305] The TGI of the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 at doses of 3 mg / kg and 10 mg / kg were 28.81%and 100.03%, respectively, while the TGI of AZD9592 at doses of 3 mg / kg and 10 mg / kg were -8.86%and 72.83%, respectively; at high doses, 49B-A-14 was significantly superior to AZD9592 (*, p < 0.05) . The specific results are shown in Table 6 and FIG. 6. Table 6: Efficacy analysis of different antibody-drug conjugates in PC-9 model 4.7 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR wild-type lung cancer models
[0306] Tumor tissues were collected from mice bearing huPrime lung cancer xenograft models (adenocarcinoma, EGFR wild-type) , cut into tumor masses with a diameter of 2-3 mm, and inoculated subcutaneously at the right anterior scapula of the mice (Crown Biotech (Beijing) Co., Ltd. ) . When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shape or tumors that were too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were grouped using StudyDirectorTM (version number 3.1.399.19, supplier Studylog System, Inc., S. San Francisco, CA, USA) using the Matched distribution method. Each group had 4 mice, and the drugs were injected into the tail vein (i.v. ) once. The dose setting was: 49B-A-14, hIgG1-A-14 and AZD9592 were all 10 mg / kg. After grouping, tumor measurements were performed with a vernier caliper twice a week.
[0307] On Day 31, in the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 group at 10 mg / kg, 4 / 4 tumors completely regressed and remained regressed until Day 66 without rebound; in the AZD9592 group, the tumors first regressed and then gradually rebounded after Day 31. By Day 66, the tumor volume was 492.03 mm3.49B-A-14 is significantly superior to AZD9592, a similar drug with the same target in the clinical stage. The specific results are shown in Table 7 and FIG. 7. Table 7: Analysis of the efficacy of different antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR wild-type lung cancer models 4.8 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR mutant lung cancer models
[0308] Tumor tissues were collected from huPrime lung cancer xenograft model LU0858 (squamous cell carcinoma, EGFR mutation, L858R) bearing mice, cut into tumor masses with a diameter of 2-3 mm, and inoculated subcutaneously at the right anterior scapula of the mice (Crown Biotech (Taicang) Co., Ltd. ) . When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shape or tumors that were too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were grouped using StudyDirectorTM (version number 3.1.399.19, supplier Studylog System, Inc., S. San Francisco, CA, USA) using the Matched distribution method. Each group had 4 mice, and the drugs were injected into the tail vein (i.v. ) once. The dose setting was: 49B-A-14, hIgG1-A-14 and AZD9592 were all 10 mg / kg. After grouping, tumor measurements were performed with a vernier caliper twice a week.
[0309] On Day 21, in the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 group at 10 mg / kg, 1 / 4 of the tumors completely regressed and 3 / 4 of the tumors partially regressed, with significant efficacy. The tumors continued to regress, and by Day 49, the average tumor volume was 17.30 mm3. The AZD9592 group had significant efficacy on Day 21, and the tumors gradually rebounded after Day 21. On Day 49, the tumor volume was 1537.48 mm3.49B-A-14 was significantly superior to the clinical-stage drug AZD9592. The specific results are shown in Table 8 and FIG. 8. Table 8: Analysis of the efficacy of different antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR mutant lung cancer models 4.9 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR mutant lung cancer models
[0310] Tumor tissues were collected from huPrime lung cancer xenograft model LU5205 (adenocarcinoma, EGFR mutation, ex19 del, taxol / carbo treated) bearing mice, cut into tumor masses with a diameter of 2-3 mm, and inoculated subcutaneously in the right anterior scapula of the mice (Crown Biotech (Taicang) Co., Ltd. ) . When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shape or tumors that were too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were grouped using StudyDirectorTM (version number 3.1.399.19, supplier Studylog System, Inc., S. San Francisco, CA, USA) using the Matched distribution method. Each group had 4 mice, and the drugs were injected into the tail vein (i.v. ) once. The dosage was set as follows: 49B-A-14, AZD9592 were both 3 mg / kg and 10 mg / kg, and hIgG1-A-14 was 10 mg / kg. After grouping, tumor measurements were performed with a vernier caliper twice a week.
[0311] On Day 20, 4 / 4 of the tumors in the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 group were partially regressed at doses of 3 mg / kg and 10 mg / kg, respectively, with significant efficacy. The tumors in the 49B-A-14 10 mg / kg group maintained a continuous regression state. By Day 59, 3 / 4 of the tumors were completely regressed and 1 / 4 of the tumors were partially regressed. There was a rebound in the 3 mg / kg group, 3 / 4 of the tumors partially regressed and the tumor volume was 76.93 mm3. AZD9592 3mg / kg and 10 mg / kg groups, on Day 59, the tumor volume in the 3 mg / kg group reached 1195.20 mm3.49B-A-14 was significantly superior to AZD9592. The specific results are shown in Table 9 and FIG. 9. Table 9: Efficacy analysis in EGFR mutant lung cancer models 4.10 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR mutant lung cancer models
[0312] Tumor tissues were collected from huPrime lung cancer xenograft model (adenocarcinoma, EGFR mutation, ex19 del, derived from osimertinib-resistant patients) -bearing mice, cut into tumor masses with a diameter of 3 mm, and inoculated subcutaneously at the right anterior scapula of the mice (Shanghai Lidi Biotechnology Co., Ltd. ) . When the average tumor volume grew to 90-220 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shapes or tumors that were too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were randomly grouped. There were 4 mice in each group. The dosage was 5 mg / kg for 49B-A-14 and AZD9592, the same molar toxin dosage for hIgG1-A-14 and 49B-A-14, and 10 mg / kg for Amivantamab. Amivantamab was administered by tail vein injection (i.v. ) twice a week for three weeks, while other test substances were administered once when grouped. After grouping, tumor measurements were performed with a vernier caliper twice a week.
[0313] On Day 49, 4 / 4 tumors in the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 5 mg / kg group completely regressed and maintained without rebound until Day 63. The AZD95925 mg / kg group had significant efficacy, but continued to rebound after Day 49, with the tumor volume reaching 422.38 mm3 on Day 63. On Day 49, the 49B-A-14 group was significantly superior to the AZD9592 and Amivantamab groups. The specific results are shown in Table 10 and FIG. 10. Table 10: Efficacy analysis in EGFR mutant lung cancer models 4.11 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in EGFR mutant lung cancer models
[0314] Tumor tissues were collected from huPrime lung cancer xenograft model LU0387 (adenocarcinoma, EGFR mutation, 20ins) bearing mice, cut into tumor masses with a diameter of 2-3 mm, and inoculated subcutaneously at the right anterior scapula of the mice (Crown Biotech (Beijing) Co., Ltd. ) . When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shape or tumors that were too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were grouped using StudyDirectorTM (version number 3.1.399.19, supplier Studylog System, Inc., S. San Francisco, CA, USA) using the Matched distribution method. There were 4 mice in each group. The dosage setting was: 49B-A-14, AZD9592, and Amivantamab were all 10 mg / kg, and the molar toxin doses of hIgG1-A-14 and 49B-A-14 were equimolar; the drugs were administered by tail vein injection (i.v. ) . Amivantamab was administered twice a week for a total of three weeks; other test substances were administered once when grouped. After grouping, tumor measurements were performed with a vernier caliper twice a week.
[0315] On Day 25, 4 / 4 tumors in the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 group partially regressed, with significant efficacy. On Day 35, 4 / 4 tumors completely regressed, and the tumor regression state was maintained until Day 53 without rebound. The AZD9592 10 mg / kg group had significant efficacy, but continued to rebound after Day 28, and the tumor volume was 752.09 mm3 on Day 63.49B-A-14 was superior to AZD9592 and Amivantamab. The specific results are shown in Table 11 and FIG. 11. Table 11: Efficacy analysis in EGFR mutant lung cancer models 4.12 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in KRAS wild-type head and neck cancer models
[0316] Tumor tissues were collected from mice bearing huPrime head and neck cancer xenograft models (squamous cell carcinoma, KRAS wild-type) , cut into tumor masses with a diameter of 2-3 mm, and inoculated subcutaneously at the right anterior scapula of the mice (Crown Biotech (Beijing) Co., Ltd. ) . When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shape or tumors that were too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were grouped using StudyDirectorTM (version number 3.1.399.19, supplier Studylog System, Inc., S. San Francisco, CA, USA) using the Matched distribution method. There were 4 mice in each group. The dosage was set as follows: 49B-A-14 was 10 mg / kg, and the toxin dosages of hIgG1-A-14 and 49B-A-14 were equimolar. The drugs were administered by tail vein injection (i.v. ) , once a week, for a total of two times. After grouping, tumor measurements were performed with a vernier caliper twice a week.
[0317] On Day 21, 2 / 4 of the tumors in the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 10 mg / kg group were completely regressed, and 2 / 4 of the tumors were partially regressed, with significant drug efficacy; specific results are shown in Table 12 and FIG. 12. Table 12: Analysis of the efficacy of different antibody-drug conjugates in KRAS wild-type head and neck cancer models 4.13 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in KRAS mutant head and neck cancer models
[0318] Tumor tissues were collected from huPrime head and neck cancer xenograft model (squamous cell carcinoma, KRAS mutant, G12C) bearing mice, cut into tumor masses with a diameter of 2-3 mm, and inoculated subcutaneously at the right anterior scapula of the mice (Crown Biotech (Beijing) Co., Ltd. ) . When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shape or tumors that were too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were grouped using StudyDirectorTM (version number 3.1.399.19, supplier Studylog System, Inc., S. San Francisco, CA, USA) using the Matched distribution method. There were 4 mice in each group. The dosage was set as follows: 49B-A-14 was 10 mg / kg, and the toxin dosages of hIgG1-A-14 and 49B-A-14 were equimolar. The drugs were administered by tail vein injection (i.v. ) , once a week, for a total of two times. After grouping, tumor measurements were performed with a vernier caliper twice a week.
[0319] On Day 35, 3 / 4 tumors in the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 10 mg / kg group partially regressed, with significant drug efficacy. Specific results are shown in Table 13 and FIG. 13. Table 13: Efficacy analysis in KRAS mutant head and neck cancer models 4.14 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer models
[0320] Tumor tissues were collected from huPrime colorectal cancer xenograft model (adenocarcinoma, KRAS wild-type) bearing mice, cut into tumor masses with a diameter of 2-3 mm, and inoculated subcutaneously at the right anterior scapula of the mice (Crown Biotech (Beijing) Co., Ltd. ) . When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shape or tumors that were too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were grouped using StudyDirectorTM (version number 3.1.399.19, supplier Studylog System, Inc., S. San Francisco, CA, USA) using the Matched distribution method. There were 4 mice in each group. The dosage was set as follows: 49B-A-14 was 10 mg / kg, and the toxin dosages of hIgG1-A-14 and 49B-A-14 were equimolar. The drugs were administered by tail vein injection (i.v. ) , once a week, for a total of two times. After grouping, tumor measurements were performed with a vernier caliper twice a week.
[0321] On Day 31, the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 10 mg / kg group had significant efficacy. The specific results are shown in Table 14 and FIG 14. Table 14: Efficacy analysis in KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer model 4.15 In vivo efficacy testing of antibody-drug conjugates in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer models
[0322] Tumor tissues were collected from huPrime colorectal cancer xenograft model (adenocarcinoma, KRAS mutant, G12D) -bearing mice, cut into tumor masses with a diameter of 2-3 mm, and inoculated subcutaneously at the right anterior scapula of the mice (Crown Biotech (Beijing) Co., Ltd. ) . When the average tumor volume grew to 100-200 mm3, mice with irregular tumor shape or tumors that were too small or too large were eliminated, and the remaining mice were grouped using StudyDirectorTM (version number 3.1.399.19, supplier Studylog System, Inc., S. San Francisco, CA, USA) using the Matched distribution method. Two batches of experiments were conducted. In both batches, there were 4 mice in each group. The dosage settings were: 49B-A-14 was 10 mg / kg, and hIgG1-A-14 and 49B-A-14 had equimolar toxin doses. In the second batch, an AZD9592 group was added, and the AZD9592 dose was 10 mg / kg. Both batches were administered by tail vein injection (i.v. ) , once a week, for a total of two doses. After grouping, tumor measurements were performed with a vernier caliper twice a week.
[0323] In the first batch, on Day 28, 4 / 4 tumors in the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 10 mg / kg group partially regressed, and the drug efficacy was obvious; on Day 56, the tumor volume in the 49B-A-14 10 mg / kg group was 33.11 mm3, 1 / 4 tumors completely regressed, and 3 / 4 tumors partially regressed. The specific results are shown in Table 15A and FIG. 15.
[0324] In the second batch, on Day 72, the efficacy of the bispecific antibody-drug conjugate 49B-A-14 was significantly better than that of AZD9592. The specific results are shown in Table 15B. Table 15A: Efficacy analysis in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer models Table 15B: Efficacy analysis in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer models
[0325] The disclosed subject matter is not to be limited in scope by the specific embodiments and examples described herein. Indeed, various modifications of the disclosure in addition to those described will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description and accompanying figures. Such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
[0326] All references (e.g., publications or patents or patent applications) cited herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and for all purposes to the same extent as if each individual reference (e.g., publication or patent or patent application) was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. Other embodiments are within the following claims.
Claims
1.Use of the antibody-drug conjugate of formula (I) in the preparation of a drug for treating a tumor disease in a subject,Ab- [M-L-E-D] xwherein:Ab is a bispecific antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising a first antigen-binding domain that specifically binds to c-MET and a second antigen-binding domain that specifically binds to EGFR;M is a linker site connected to the bispecific antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof;L is a structural fragment connecting the linker sites M and E;E is a structural fragment connecting L and D;D is the cytotoxic drug fragment; andx is selected from any integer from 1 to 10.2.The use according to claim 1, wherein the tumor disease is selected from lung cancer, epithelial cell cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, oral cancer, colorectal cancer, anal cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, pharyngeal cancer, nasal cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, tongue cancer, esophageal cancer, vaginal cancer, cervical cancer, spleen cancer, testicular cancer, gastric cancer, thymic cancer, thyroid cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, sporadic or hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma, colon cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer or head and neck cancer.3.The use according to claim 2, wherein the tumor disease is selected from lung cancer, head and neck cancer, and colorectal cancer.4.The use according to claim 3, wherein the lung cancer is selected from non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer, and further, the non-small cell lung cancer or small cell lung cancer can be lung adenocarcinoma or lung squamous cell carcinoma.5.The use according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the tumor disease is a tumor comprising a wild-type or mutant EGFR (such as L858R, ex19 del, 20 ins, T790M etc. ) , and the subject has or does not have resistance to treatment with a first-generation, second-generation, or third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (such as erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, osimertinib, CO-1686, AZD9192 or cetuximab) .6.The use according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the tumor comprises a wild-type or mutant KRAS.7.The use according to claim 6, wherein the mutation is at position G12 or G13.8.The use according to claim 6, wherein the mutation is selected from G12C, G12V, G12D, G12R, G12S, G12A, G12E, G13D, and G13C.9.The use according to claim 8, wherein the mutation is selected from G12C, G12D, G12V, and G13D.10.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the antibody-drug conjugate is selected from:ADC A-05ADC A-14andADC B-01wherein Ab is a bispecific antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof as defined in claim 1; represents the specific connection mode between the sulfhydryl group in the bispecific antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof and other parts in the antibody-drug conjugate; and x represents the drug loading amount.11.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first antigen-binding domain of the Ab comprises a first light chain variable region (VL) and a first heavy chain variable region (VH) , and wherein the first VL comprises LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59; and / or the first VH comprises HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60.12.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein:the first VL comprises:(i) LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 36, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 38; or(ii) LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 35, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 37, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 38; and / or,the first VH comprises:(i) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 39, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 43, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 47;(ii) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 40, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 44, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 47;(iii) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 42, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 46, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 47; or(iv) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 45, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 48.13.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein:the first VL comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 17 or 59, and / or the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 18 or 60; orthe first VL comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17, and the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18; orthe first VL comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 59, and the first VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 60.14.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the second antigen-binding domain of the Ab comprises a second light chain variable region (VL) and a second heavy chain variable region (VH) , and wherein the second VL comprises the LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 amino acid sequences of the VL amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15; and / or the VH comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 amino acid sequences of the VH amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16.15.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 14, whereinthe second VL comprises:(i) LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23; or(ii) LCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 20, LCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22, and LCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23; and / orthe second VH comprises:(i) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 28, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32;(ii) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 29, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32;(iii) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32; or(iv) a HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26, a HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 30, and a HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 33.16.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the second VL comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15, and / or the second VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16.17.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the bispecific antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof further comprises an Fc domain, wherein the Fc domain comprises a first Fc domain monomer comprising an amino acid modification capable of forming a knob structure and a second Fc domain monomer comprising an amino acid modification capable of forming a hole structure, wherein the hole structure can pair with the knob structure to form a heterodimeric Fc domain, wherein the first Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 51, and the second Fc domain monomer comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 52.18.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the first antigen-binding domain is a Fab, and the second antigen-binding domain is an scFv.19.The use according to claim 18, wherein the bispecific antibody comprises a peptide chain I-A, a peptide chain I-B and a peptide chain I-C; wherein the peptide chain I-A comprises the first VL and a light chain constant region; the peptide chain I-B comprises: the VH, a heavy chain CH1 region and the first Fc domain monomer (or the second Fc domain monomer) ; the peptide chain I-C comprises: the second VL, the second VH and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) .20.The use according to claim 19, wherein the peptide chain I-A comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus the first VL and the light chain constant region; the peptide chain I-B comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus the first VH, the heavy chain CH1 region and the first Fc domain monomer (or the second Fc domain monomer) ; and / or the peptide chain I-C comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus (i) the second VL, the second VH and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) , or (ii) the second VH, the second VL and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) .21.The use according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the adjacent domains of the peptide chain I-A are connected optionally with or without a linker, and the adjacent domains of the peptide chain I-B are connected optionally with or without a linker, and / or the adjacent domains of the peptide chain I-C are connected optionally with or without a linker.22.The use according to claim 21, wherein the linkers are each independently the same peptide linker or different peptide linkers (e.g., rigid peptide linkers or flexible peptide linkers) ; or the peptide linkers are each independently selected from the group consisting of peptide linkers comprising one or more glycines (G) and / or serines (S) .23.The use according to claim 22, wherein the peptide linkers have the structure shown as (GGGGS) n, wherein n is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 (SEQ ID NOs: 55-58 or 63-68) ; or the peptide linkers each independently comprise the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 55-58, 61, or 63-68.24.The use according to any one of claims 18 to 23, wherein the light chain constant region comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 53, and / or the heavy chain CH1 region comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 54.25.The use according to any one of claims 18 to 23, wherein the peptide chain I-A comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, the peptide chain I-B comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 9, and / or the peptide chain I-C comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 or 10.26.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the first antigen-binding domain is an scFv, and the second antigen-binding domain is a Fab.27.The use according to claim 26, wherein the bispecific antibody comprises a peptide chain II-A, a peptide chain II-B and a peptide chain II-C; wherein the peptide chain II-A comprises the second VL and a light chain constant region; the peptide chain II-B comprises the second VH, a heavy chain CH1 region and the first Fc domain monomer (or the second Fc domain monomer) , the peptide chain II -C comprises: the first VL, the first VH and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) .28.The use according to claim 27, wherein the peptide chain II-A comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus the second VL and the light chain constant region; and the peptide chain II-B comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus the second VH, the heavy chain CH1 region and the first Fc domain monomer (or the second Fc domain monomer) ; and / or the peptide chain II-C comprises from N-terminus to C-terminus (i) the first VL, the first VH and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) , or (ii) the first VH, the first VL and the second Fc domain monomer (or the first Fc domain monomer) .29.The use according to claim 27 or 28, wherein the adjacent domains of the peptide chain II-A are connected optionally with or without a linker; the adjacent domains of the peptide chain II-B are connected optionally with or without a linker, and / or the adjacent domains of the peptide chain II-C are connected optionally with or without a linker.30.The use according to claim 29, wherein the linkers are each independently the same peptide linker or different peptide linkers (e.g., rigid peptide linkers or flexible peptide linkers) ; or the peptide linkers are each independently selected from peptide linkers comprising one or more glycines (G) and / or serines (S) .31.The use according to claim 30, wherein the peptide linkers have the structure shown in (GGGGS) n, wherein n is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 (SEQ ID NO: 55-58 or 63-68) ; or the peptide linkers each independently comprise the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 55-58, 61, or 63-68.32.The use according to any one of claims 26 to 31, wherein the light chain constant region comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 53, and / or the heavy chain CH1 region comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 54.33.The use according to any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the peptide chain II-A comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, the peptide chain II-B comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 or 7, and / or the peptide chain II-C comprises the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 6 or 8.34.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein the bispecific antibody comprises:(1) peptide chain I-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, peptide chain I-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and peptide chain I-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3;(2) peptide chain I-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, peptide chain I-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 9, and peptide chain I-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 10;(3) peptide chain II-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, peptide chain II-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5, and peptide chain II-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6; or(4) peptide chain II-A comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, peptide chain II-B comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7, and peptide chain II-C comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 8.35.The use according to any one of claims 1 to 34, wherein the antibody-drug conjugate is selected from 49B-A-14, 49B-B-01, 49B-A-05, 38B-A-14, 38B-B-01 and 38B-A-05.36.The use according to claim 35, wherein the DAR value of the antibody-drug conjugate is 5 to 8 or the DAR value is 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, or 8.0.37.A method for treating a tumor disease, the method comprising the step of administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody-drug conjugate as described in any one of claims 1 or 10 to 36 and / or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody-drug conjugate as described in any one of claims 1 or 10 to 36.38.The method according to claim 37, wherein the tumor disease is selected from the tumor disease as described in any one of claims 2 to 9.39.The method according to claim 37 or 38, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises the antibody-drug conjugate according to any one of claims 1 or 10-36 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and / or excipient.40.The method according to any one of claims 37 to 39, wherein the antibody-drug conjugate or the pharmaceutical composition is administered once every 7 to 14 days, once every 7 days, or once every 14 days.41.The method according to any one of claims 37 to 39, wherein the antibody-drug conjugate or the pharmaceutical composition is administered twice (e.g., administered on day 0 and day 7, respectively) , or is a single dose (e.g., administered on day 0) .42.The method according to any one of claims 37 to 41, wherein the administration route of the antibody-drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition is oral administration, transdermal injection, rectal administration, transmucosal administration, intramuscular injection, intramedullary injection, intravenous injection, or intraperitoneal injection.43.The method according to claim 42, wherein the administration route of the antibody-drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition is intravenous injection.44.The method according to any one of claims 37 to 43, wherein the dosage of the antibody-drug conjugate administered each time is 1 mg / kg to 20 mg / kg based on the subject's body weight.45.The method according to any one of claims 37 to 3, wherein the dosage of the antibody-drug conjugate administered each time is1 mg / kg to 12 mg / kg based on the subject's body weight.46.The method according to any one of claims 37 to 43, wherein the dosage of the antibody-drug conjugate administered each time is 2-4 mg / kg, 5-6 mg / kg, 7-9 mg / kg, or 10-12 mg / kg based on the subject's body weight.47.The method according to any one of claims 37 to 43, wherein the antibody-drug conjugate is administered at a dose of 1 mg / kg, 2 mg / kg, 3 mg / kg, 4 mg / kg, 5 mg / kg, 6 mg / kg, 7 mg / kg, 8 mg / kg, 9 mg / kg, or 10 mg / kg based on the subject'sbody weight.
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