Channel state information feedback method and device
The DPSS-based codebook addresses the limitations of traditional DFT codebooks in near-field communication by enhancing transmission performance and capacity through improved channel modeling, supporting multi-layer data transmission in 5G and beyond.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZTE CORP
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication technologies, particularly in 5G and beyond, face challenges in near-field communication environments due to the insufficient design of current DFT codebooks, which fail to account for the changing channel characteristics and multiplexing capabilities, leading to poor transmission performance and inadequate system capacity.
A high-rank codebook based on Discrete Prolate Spheroidal Sequence (DPSS) is designed to enhance near-field transmission performance by considering the unique characteristics of near-field channels, supporting multi-layer data transmission and improving channel estimation quality.
The DPSS-based codebook improves communication quality and system capacity in near-field scenarios by better capturing channel characteristics, enabling effective multi-layer data transmission and laying a foundation for future communication standards.
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Figure CN2024127619_07052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION FEEDBACK METHOD AND DEVICETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This disclosure is directed generally to digital wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0002] Mobile telecommunication technologies are moving the world toward an increasingly connected and networked society. In comparison with the existing wireless networks, next generation systems and wireless communication techniques will need to support a much wider range of use-case characteristics and provide a more complex and sophisticated range of access requirements and flexibilities.
[0003] Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless communication for mobile devices and data terminals developed by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . LTE Advanced (LTE-A) is a wireless communication standard that enhances the LTE standard. The 5th generation of wireless system, known as 5G, advances the LTE and LTE-Awireless standards and is committed to supporting higher data-rates, large number of connections, ultra-low latency, high reliability and other emerging business needs.SUMMARY
[0004] Techniques are disclosed for feeding back channel state information using codebooks.
[0005] In an example aspect, a method for wireless communication includes determining, by a first communication device, a codebook set comprising codewords for providing a feedback to a second communication device, and transmitting the feedback, by the first communication device, in a feedback transmission using a codeword from the codebook set.
[0006] In another example aspect, a method for wireless communication includes receiving a feedback, by a second communication device from a first communication device, in a feedback transmission using a codeword from a codebook set; and determining, by the second communication device, using a codebook set comprising codewords, a feedback indicated by the feedback transmission.
[0007] In yet another example aspect, the above-described methods are embodied in the form of a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores processor-executable code. The code included in the computer readable storage medium when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to control an apparatus to implement the methods described in this patent document.
[0008] In yet another example embodiment, a device that is configured or operable to perform the above-described methods is disclosed.
[0009] The above and other aspects and their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.
[0010] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
[0011] FIG. 1 shows an example of a communication configuration with transmit and receive antennas and scatterers.
[0012] FIG. 2 shows an example of a communication system.
[0013] FIG. 3 shows an example block diagram of a hardware platform that may be a part of an apparatus that implements methods described in the present document.
[0014] FIGS. 4A-4B are flowcharts for example methods of wireless communication.
[0015] FIG. 5 shows an example matrix used for channel feedback signaling.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The example headings for the various sections below are used to facilitate the understanding of the disclosed subject matter and do not limit the scope of the claimed subject matter in any way. Accordingly, one or more features of one example section can be combined with one or more features of another example section. Furthermore, 5G terminology is used for the sake of clarity of explanation, but the techniques disclosed in the present document are not limited to 5G technology only, and may be used in wireless systems that implemented other protocols.
[0017] 1. Initial discussion
[0018] With the continuous development of wireless communications, the demand for arrays of large-scale unit antennas or array elements is increasing, resulting in the continuous shrinking of the boundary between the near field and the far field, and the near-field effect is becoming more and more prominent. The channel characteristics in the near-field scenario change significantly, and the channels at different distances at the same angle are significantly different. Channel modeling has developed from angle domain modeling to multi-domain modeling. The study of near-field channels cannot be satisfied with the assumption that the distance is extremely large or the distance parameter has almost no effect on the channel. The modeling of points at different spatial positions needs to take the distance factor as an important design factor.
[0019] Since the traditional DFT (discrete Fourier transform) codebook only focuses on the parameters of a single angle dimension, the traditional DFT codebook cannot meet the requirements for service quality, and it is imperative to explore new codebook matrix design schemes. To address this problem, we designed a high-rank codebook in this patent to support multi-layer data transmission. To achieve better codebook performance, we designed a multi-layer codebook based on Discrete Prolate Spheroidal Sequence (DPSS) .
[0020] 2. Example operational scenarios
[0021] In order to further enhance the gains of improved communication quality brought by MIMO (multi-input, multi-output) technology, massive antenna technology is adopted in the fifth generation of mobile communication technology (5G) . Among them, the antenna of the base station can include a large number of antenna units and transceiver units, for example, the number of antenna units and transceiver units can be 128, 256 or 512, and the terminal can also be configured with an antenna array composed of a large number of antenna units . In the sixth generation of mobile communication technology, the concept of ultra-large-scale MIMO is proposed, and the number of base station antennas is further increased. In addition, as a possible new technology of the sixth generation of mobile communication technology (6G) , the number of units of smart metasurfaces may reach thousands or even tens of thousands, and it also faces the problem of changes in channel characteristics and transmission design caused by the extremely large number of units.
[0022] When communicating, signals can be sent or received through multiple antennas of the base station or RIS (reconfigurable intelligent surfaces) and the terminal to reduce signal attenuation and improve communication quality. Generally speaking, in the 5G communication system, a transmission scheme that supports codebooks or a transmission scheme that supports non-codebooks can be adopted. Among them, for the codebook-based transmission scheme, it means that multiple codebooks are pre-configured in the base station and the terminal, each codebook contains multiple precoding matrices, and then the precoding matrix contained in the selected codebook is determined, and the final determined precoding matrix is used for data transmission. The base station determines the codebook parameters used by the terminal based on the detection reference signal resources reported by the terminal, and notifies the terminal of the codebook parameters , and the terminal determines the corresponding codebook based on the notification of the base station . However, the current codebook is designed based on the far-field channel , and the impact of the increase in the number of arrays on the channel model is not considered . Therefore, the current DFT codebook is not sufficient to support near-field communication needs.
[0023] In order to meet the near-field communication environment that is very likely to exist in B5G / 6G, the design of the near-field codebook becomes extremely important. The current communication protocol design uses DFT codebooks, which will lead to poor near-field transmission performance, affect the channel estimation quality and system capacity, and cannot meet communication needs. The industry is in the initial stage of near-field codebook design and lacks a complete near-field codebook model design solution.
[0024] Under near-field conditions, the multiplexing capability is improved, and multi-layer transmission can be achieved even through LOS channels only. The design of the near-field codebook model not only needs to consider the changes in the propagation model due to the characteristics of spherical waves, but also needs to design the codebook for the high-rank characteristics of the near field to better support multi-layer data transmission, laying a solid foundation for subsequent near-field communication research and standardization work. In order to better capture channel characteristics, this patent discloses, among other things, techniques useful for the near-field channel model and designs a high-rank codebook based on DPSS to improve near-field transmission performance.
[0025] 3. Brief overview of disclosed embodiments
[0026] In some embodiments (e.g., FIG. 4A) a method 410 of wireless communication may include the following. At 412, a first communication device determines a codebook set comprising codewords for providing a feedback to a second communication device, and, at 414, the method 410 includes transmitting the feedback, by the first communication device, in a feedback transmission using a codeword from the codebook set.
[0027] In some embodiments, a wireless communication method 420 includes receiving (422) a feedback, by a second communication device from a first communication device, in a feedback transmission using a codeword from a codebook set; and determining (424) , by the second communication device, using a codebook set comprising codewords, a feedback indicated by the feedback transmission
[0028] In some embodiments, the codewords in the codebook set include multiple codeword blocks.
[0029] In some embodiments, at least one codeword block G conforms to the following model:
[0030] Here, f is a function. represents an Nt*1-dimensional vector or an Nt*Nt-dimensional matrix , Dkrepresents an Nt*1-dimensional column vector or an Nt*Nt-dimensional matrix , Nt is an integer, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
[0031] Constructing a codeword generation codebook set according to the parameters and the codeword model may be performed using one or more of the following aspects.
[0032] 1. At least one represents a near-field codeword . The phase of each element of is related to the quadratic function of index;
[0033] 2. At least two Di, Dj are orthogonal.
[0034] 3. At least one Di is a DPSS vector;
[0035] 4. One possible case is Di being the first K sequences of the DPSS sequence;
[0036] 5. At least two are the same;
[0037] 6. One possible case is that represents a dot product, where the left and right vectors can be swapped without affecting the result. (Extending other cases, such as diagonal matrix multiplication) .
[0038] 7. One possible case is, where diag represents an operation on a vector as the diagonal element of a matrix . (There are other cases, see Examples)
[0039] 8. K represents the number of layers. K represents the number of data streams transmitted by the high-rank codebook, and this parameter is a parameter configured or preset by the base station.
[0040] 9. One possible scenario is that
[0041] 10. One possible scenario is
[0042] 11. The DPSS sequence is determined according to the configuration of the transmitting and receiving antennas, and the influencing parameters include one or more of the following r, θt, θr.
[0043] 12. The number of layers configured for the NLOS (near line of sight) path should not exceed that of the LOS path.
[0044] Various examples of how features described above may be embodied in preferred embodiments are presented in this document using sections grouped as different examples. However, the grouping is performed simply for ease of understanding and compactness, but techniques from different sections may be combined with each other in a reasonable manner.
[0045] Example 1
[0046] In this document, and D represent the first matrix / vector and the second matrix / vector respectively, and the expressions and meanings of the two can be interchanged. In each of the following embodiments, it is added that, equivalently, the first matrix / vector can be set to the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) form, and the second matrix / vector can be set to the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT form) .
[0047] Example 2A
[0048] The base station configures a uniform linear array (ULA) including Ntantenna and is configured with Nt antenna ports and sends Ntports CSI-RS pilots for channel measurement. For simplicity, in some examples discussed herein, it is assumed that the number of ports and number of antennas are same. However, it will be appreciated that, in general, the number of antennas may be different from the number of antenna ports. Where relevant, parameters a and b maybe used (as disclosed in some embodiment examples) to relate number of antennas to number of antenna ports. The terminal configured with Nr antenna and is configured with Nr antenna ports, obtains the pilot configuration information sent by the base station, performs detection at the corresponding resource position, and obtains the channel matrix information of dimension Nr×Nt.
[0049] The first matrix / vector constructs a codeword using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, and the input parameter is {u1, k, u2, k, n, n2}. {u1, k, u2, k} is indicated by the PMI.
[0050] The element generating the first matrix / vector has the following form:
[0051] One possible way to quantify this is
[0052] The index combination (l, m) and k are correlated. The first matrix / vector generated can be expressed as
[0053] or
[0054] Example 2B
[0055] The base station configures Nt antenna ports and sends Ntports CSI-RS pilots for channel measurement. The terminal configured with Nr antenna ports, obtains the pilot configuration information sent by the base station, performs detection at the corresponding resource position, and obtains the channel matrix information of dimension Nr×Nt.
[0056] The first matrix / vector constructs a codeword using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, and the input parameter is {u1, k, u2, k, n, n2}. {u1, k, u2, k} is indicated by the PMI.
[0057] The element generating the first matrix / vector has the following form:
[0058] One possible way to quantify this is
[0059] The index combination (l, m) and k are correlated. The first matrix / vector generated can be expressed as
[0060] or
[0061] where a and b are real number.
[0062] Referring to Examples 2A and 2B, the diag operation corresponds to constructing a matrix using the elements of a vector, and the nth diagonal element of the matrix is the nth element of the corresponding vector; or, the diag operation corresponds to constructing a vector using the elements of a matrix, and the nth prime of the vector is the nth diagonal element of the corresponding matrix; is a vector of Nt*1 or a matrix of Nt*Nt dimensions.
[0063] One possible scenario is that at least two are identical;
[0064] One possible scenario is that different within the same group are the same, and within different group are different;
[0065] One possible scenario is that the first K1 first matrix / vector are the same, K1-K2 first matrix / vector are the same, ..., Kt-K first matrix / vector are the same, where 1≤K1≤K2≤…≤Kt≤K and the values of these parameters are all integers,
[0066] One possible scenario is that all are identical;
[0067] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter l in different are the same;
[0068] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter m in different are the same;
[0069] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter m in different are the same, and there is a linear relationship between the value of l and the index n;
[0070] Here can be a vector or a matrix.
[0071] The second matrix / vector Dk uses a pre-agreed codeword generation model to construct codewords with input parameter {W, Nt} . The second matrix / vector Dk is the eigenvector of matrix B after SVD decomposition, where the elements of B can be expressed as
[0072] The codeword generation may include one or more of the following step (here, the sequence may be a DPSS sequence) :
[0073] (a) Construct a Toeplitz matrix whose elements are the sampled values of the sinc function. This matrix is a discrete pulse ellipsoid matrix, also called a prolate matrix. Calculate the eigenvector of this Toeplitz matrix and normalize it to obtain a sequence.
[0074] (b) Calculate the singular vector of this Toeplitz matrix and normalize it to obtain the sequence.
[0075] In some embodiments, the second vector Dk selects a sequence from the calculated sequences.
[0076] One possible scenario is that the second vector Dk selects a column from the first Nt columns of the sequence;
[0077] One possible scenario is that the second vector Dk selects a column from the first K columns of the sequence;
[0078] One possible scenario is that the second vector Dk selects a column from the first K columns of the sequence but different Dk are not completely the same;
[0079] One possible scenario is that the second vector Dk selects a column from the first K columns of the sequence but different Dk are different;
[0080] One possible scenario is that the second vector Dk selects the kth column of the sequence;
[0081] One possible case is that W = 0, and the second vector Dk selects a sequence of one or a sequence of one multiplied by a scalar coefficient;
[0082] In addition to using eigenvalue decomposition or singular value decomposition, a recursive method can also be used to obtain the sequence.
[0083] Given a sequence length Nt and a frequency bandwidth parameter W, the sequence vk [n] is defined by the following recursive relation:
[0084] Initialize the first element of the sequence
[0085] vk [0] =1
[0086] The subsequent elements of the sequence can be calculated item by item through the following recursive relation
[0087] In addition to using eigenvalue decomposition or singular value decomposition or recursion, the sequence can also be obtained by solving the optimization problem. vk [n] is obtained by optimizing the following formula
[0088] max
[0089] subject to
[0090] The final generated codeword block can be expressed as
[0091] Among them, the function f represents a certain functional relationship between its two independent variables.
[0092] For both Dk are Nt*1 dimensional vectors, the following analysis is made:
[0093] One possible form is that the function f is a matrix operation involving Dk;
[0094] One possible form is that the function f is a multiplicative function between Dk;
[0095] One possible form is that the function f is a linear function between Dk;
[0096] One possible form is that the function f is an exponential function between Dk;
[0097] One possible form is that the function f is a power function between Dk;
[0098] One possible form is that the function f is a piecewise function between Dk;
[0099] One possible form is that the function f is some multiplicative function between Dk;
[0100] One possible expression is, which is the dot product;
[0101] One possible expression is, which is the dot product;
[0102] One possible expression is,
[0103] One possible expression is,
[0104] For being a diagonal matrix with only non-zero diagonal elements and Dk being an Nt*1-dimensional vector, the following analysis is available:
[0105] One possible expression is,
[0106] One possible expression is, In fact, replacing by the above analysis of the case where Dk are Nt*1-dimensional vectors is applicable to the case where is a diagonal matrix with only non-zero diagonal elements and Dk is an Nt*1-dimensional vector.
[0107] For the case of being an Nt*1-dimensional vector, Dk being a diagonal matrix with only non-zero diagonal elements, the following analysis is available:
[0108] One possible expression is,
[0109] One possible expression is,
[0110] One possible expression is,
[0111] One possible expression is,
[0112] In fact, replacing diag (Dk) by Dk, the above analysis of the case where Dk are all Nt*1-dimensional vectors is applicable to the case where Dk is a diagonal matrix with only diagonal elements non-zero, and is an Nt*1-dimensional vector.
[0113] For the case where only the diagonal elements of are non-zero, and only the diagonal elements of Dk are non-zero, the following analysis is available:
[0114] One possible expression is,
[0115] One possible expression is,
[0116] One possible expression is,
[0117] One possible expression is,
[0118] In fact, replacing by replacing diag (Dk) by Dk, the above analysis of the case where both Dk are Nt*1-dimensional vectors is applicable to the case where Dk is a diagonal matrix with only non-zero diagonal elements and is an Nt*1-dimensional vector.
[0119] Equivalently, the forms of the first-type matrices / vectors and the second-type matrices / vectors can be exchanged, and all the foregoing discussions apply.
[0120] Example 3
[0121] In some embodiments, correlation analysis of parameters may be performed as follows.
[0122] First, analyze the codebook at the sending end:
[0123] The first matrix / vector uses a pre-agreed codeword generation model to construct codewords, and the input parameters are {u1, k, u2, k, n, n2} .
[0124] The second matrix / vector Dk constructs a codeword using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, and the input parameter is {W, Nt} .
[0125] If and Dk are used to construct the kth vector of one of the codeword blocks, then the parameters {u1, k, u2, k} and {W} are associated.
[0126] The numerical relationship may be calculated as follows. This part is only used for theoretical analysis to study the relationship between the actual array configuration parameters {r, θ, φ} and the first matrix / vector and the second matrix / vector. Among them, the transmitting array is parallel to the x-axis and its center is located at point 0, r represents the distance between the center points of the transmitting and receiving arrays, θ (or θt) represents the angle between the center points of the transmitting and receiving arrays and the z-axis, φ represents the angle between the receiving array and the x-axis, and θr = θ -φ.
[0127] FIG. 1 shows an example relationship of the array configuration parameters and transmit and receive antennas or antenna ports. In the depicted setup, a transmit array is shown at the bottom, a receive array is shown at the top. The signals propagating between the transmit array and the receive array may experience reflections from three scatterers shown in the figure as scatter 1, 2 and 2’ . For simplicity, it is assumed that the transmit array is aligned with the horizontal X axis, with the vertical axis Z showing a direction perpendicular to the X axis. The angle between Z axis and an imaginary line joining a reference point on the transmit array (e.g., TX center point) and a reference point on the receive array (e.g., RX center point) is denoted as θt or simply θ. The angle between an axis perpendicular to the receive array and the TX center point is denoted as θr. Parameter r represents a distance between the transmit array center point and the receive array center point. For the scatterers (e.g., scatter 1) similar θt, 1 and θr, 1 angles are defined based on angular position and rt and rr for distance of the scatterer with respect to axis perpendicular to the transmit array and the receive array.
[0128] For the first matrix / vector given the transceiver array configuration, its optimal input parameters correspond to
[0129] u1, k=-sinθ
[0130] For the second matrix / vector Dk, given the transceiver array configuration, its optimal input parameter W corresponds to
[0131] Wherein, LR represents the receiving array length.
[0132] Similarly, for the codebook at the receiving end, for the first matrix / vector given the transceiver array configuration, its optimal input parameters correspond to:
[0133] u′1, k=sinθr
[0134] For the second matrix / vector Dk, given the transceiver array configuration, its optimal input parameter W corresponds to
[0135] Wherein, LT represents the length of the transmitting array.
[0136] A possible association relationship between the first matrix / vector and the second matrix / vector is given above.
[0137] One possible scenario is that W is proportional to cosθ;
[0138] One possible scenario is that W is proportional to cosθr;
[0139] One possible scenario is that W is inversely proportional to r;
[0140] One possible scenario is that W has the same changing trend as cos (asin (-u1, k) ) ;
[0141] One possible scenario is that W has the same changing trend asu2, k;
[0142] One possible scenario is that W has the same changing trend as cos (asin (u′1, k) ) ;
[0143] One possible scenario is that W has the same changing trend as u′2, k;
[0144] One possible scenario is that W is proportional to
[0145] One possible scenario is that W satisfies
[0146] One possible scenario is that the receiving side W satisfies
[0147] One possible scenario is that W satisfies
[0148] One possible scenario is that the transmitting side W satisfies
[0149] One possible approximation is that the transceiver arrays are approximately parallel. In this case, θr is approximately equal to θ , and the corresponding transmitter W can be approximated as the receiving end W can be approximated as
[0150] One possible scenario is that W is proportional to u2, k;
[0151] One possible scenario is that W is proportional to
[0152] One possible approximation is that the transceiver arrays are approximately parallel and coaxial, satisfying the paraxial approximation condition. In this case, θr is approximately equal to θand both approach 0. The corresponding transmitter W can be approximated as and the receiver W can be approximated as
[0153] One possible scenario is that W and 1 / r satisfy a linear relationship;
[0154] Example 4A
[0155] The base station is configured with a uniform planar array (UPA) , and the number of antennas in the horizontal and vertical directions is respectively Nx, Ny, and Nt=NxNy ports CSI-RS pilots are sent for channel measurement. The terminal configured with Nrantennas obtains the pilot configuration information sent by the base station, performs detection at the corresponding resource position, and obtains the channel matrix information of dimension Nr×Nt.
[0156] The codewords in the codebook set include multiple codeword blocks, at least one of which conforms to the following model:
[0157] Where f represents a function, represents an Nt*Nt dimensional matrix , Dkrepresents an Nt*Nt dimensional matrix , Nt is an integer, and K is an integer.
[0158] The first matrix constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters of and coefficients{β1, k, β2, k, β3, k, β4, k, β5, k} in the codeword generation model are determined according to the codeword generation parameters {t1, k, t2, k, t3, k} fed back by the terminal. The elements generating the first matrix have the following form:
[0159] One possible way to quantify this is
[0160] β1, k=t1, k
[0161] β3, k=t2, k
[0162] β5, k=-2t1, kt2, kt3, k
[0163] Where Ox, Oy, Ot are real number decided by the base station and the terminal in advance, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the index combination (lx, ly, m) and k. The first matrix finally generated can be expressed as
[0164] Example 4B
[0165] In this example, the base station is configured with a uniform planar array (UPA) , and the number of antennas ports in the horizontal and vertical directions is respectively Nx, Ny, and Nt=NxNy ports CSI-RS pilots are sent for channel measurement. The terminal configured with Nrantennas ports obtains the pilot configuration information sent by the base station, performs detection at the corresponding resource position, and obtains the channel matrix information of dimension Nr×Nt.
[0166] The codewords in the codebook set include multiple codeword blocks, at least one of which conforms to the following model:
[0167] Where f represents a function, represents an Nt*Nt dimensional matrix , Dkrepresents an Nt*Nt dimensional matrix , Nt is an integer, and K is an integer.
[0168] The first matrix constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters of and coefficients {β1, k, β2, k, β3, k, β4, k, β5, k} in the codeword generation model are determined according to the codeword generation parameters {t1, k, t2, k, t3, k} fed back by the terminal . The elements generating the first matrix have the following form:
[0169] where ax, ay, bx, by are real numbers.
[0170] One possible way to quantify this is
[0171] β1, k=t1, k
[0172] β3, k=t2, k
[0173] β5, k=-2t1, kt2, kt3, k
[0174] Where Ox, Oy, Otare real number decided by the base station and the terminal in advance, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the index combination (lx, ly, m) and k.
[0175] One possible scenario is that at least two are identical;
[0176] One possible scenario is that different within the same group are the same, and within different group are different;
[0177] One possible scenario is that the first K1 first matrix / vector are the same, K1-K2 first matrix / vector are the same, ..., Kt-K first matrix / vector are the same, where 1≤K1≤K2≤…≤Kt≤K and the values of these parameters are all integers,
[0178] One possible scenario is that all are identical;
[0179] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index lx in different are the same ;
[0180] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index ly in different are the same ;
[0181] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index m in different are the same ;
[0182] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index m in different are the same and the values of lx are continuous;
[0183] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index m in different are the same and the values of ly are continuous;
[0184] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index m in different are the same and the values of lx and ly are continuous;
[0185] The second matrix Dk constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters being {W1, W2, Nx, Ny} . The input parameters {W1, W2} is indicated by the PMI. The second matrix Dk is constructed by subvector Dk1 and subvector Dk2.
[0186] The subvector is the eigenvector of the matrix B1 after SVD decomposition, where the elements of B1 can be expressed as
[0187] Another way to determine the codewords is to construct a Toeplitz matrix whose elements are the sampled values of the sinc function. This matrix is a discrete pulse ellipsoid matrix, also called a prolate matrix. Next, calculate the eigenvector of this Toeplitz matrix and normalize it to obtain the DPSS sequence . Dk1 is selected as a sequence from the calculated DPSS sequence.
[0188] One possible scenario for Dk1 is to select a column from the first Nx columns of the DPSS sequence;
[0189] One possible scenario for Dk1 is to select a column from the first K columns of the DPSS sequence;
[0190] One possible scenario for Dk1 is to select a column from the first K columns of the DPSS sequence, but different Dk1 are not completely the same;
[0191] One possible scenario for Dk1 is to select the kth column of the DPSS sequence;
[0192] One possible case is that W = 0, Dk1 is a sequence of all one or a sequence of all one multiplied by some scalar coefficient.
[0193] The subvector Dk2 is the eigenvector of the matrix B2 after SVD decomposition, where the elements of B2 can be expressed as
[0194] One possible way to determine is to construct a Toeplitz matrix whose elements are the sampled values of the sinc function. This matrix is a discrete pulse ellipsoid matrix, also called a prolate matrix. Calculate the eigenvector of this Toeplitz matrix and normalize it to obtain the DPSS sequence . Dk2 selects a sequence from the calculated DPSS sequence.
[0195] One possible scenario for Dk2 is to select a column from the first Ny columns of the DPSS sequence;
[0196] One possible scenario for Dk2 is to select a column from the first K columns of the DPSS sequence;
[0197] One possible scenario for Dk2 is to select a column from the first K columns of the DPSS sequence, but different Dk2 are not completely the same;
[0198] One possible scenario for Dk2 is to select the kth column of the DPSS sequence;
[0199] One possible case is that W = 0, Dk2 selects a sequence of all one or a sequence of all onesmultiplied by some scalar coefficient is selected;
[0200] A second matrix Dk is constructed based on the obtained sub-vector Dk1 and the sub-vector Dk2.
[0201] One possible case is that the second matrix Dk is the Kronecker product of Dk1 and Dk2;
[0202] One possible case is that the second matrix Dk is the product of the subvector Dk1 and the transpose of the subvector Dk2;
[0203] One possible case is that the second matrix Dk is the product of the subvector Dk2 and the transpose of the subvector Dk1;
[0204] The final generated codeword block can be expressed as
[0205] Among them, the function f represents a certain functional relationship between the two sub-matrices.
[0206] One possible form is that the function f is a linear function between Dk;
[0207] One possible form is that the function f is some multiplicative function between Dk;
[0208] One possible expression is, where is the dot product
[0209] Furthermore, it is noted that the disclosure of various expressions for f in Example 2 is also applicable here.
[0210] Equivalently, implementations can exchange the form of the first-class matrix / vector and the second-class matrix / vector, and all the above discussions apply.
[0211] Example 5 -parameter correlation analysis
[0212] This example describes some possible implementations based on parameter correlation. In the above parameters, the apostrophe represents the codebook design parameters corresponding to the receiving end.
[0213] One possible scenario is that W1 has the same changing trend as cos (asin (-β1, k) ) ;
[0214] One possible scenario is that W1 has the same changing trend as β2, k;
[0215] One possible scenario is that W1 has the same changing trend as cos (asin (β′1, k) ) ;
[0216] One possible scenario is that W1 has the same changing trend as β′2, k;
[0217] One possible scenario is that W1 is proportional to
[0218] One possible scenario is that W1 is proportional to β2, kβ′2, k.
[0219] One possible scenario is that W1 is proportional to β2, k;
[0220] One possible scenario is that W1 and 1 / r satisfy a linear relationship;
[0221] One possible scenario is that W2 has the same changing trend as cos (asin (-β3, k) ) ;
[0222] One possible scenario is that W2 has the same changing trend as β4, k;
[0223] One possible scenario is that W2 has the same changing trend as cos (asin (β′3, k) ) ;
[0224] One possible scenario is that W2 has the same changing trend as β′4, k;
[0225] One possible scenario is that W2 is proportional to
[0226] One possible scenario is that W2 is proportional to β4, kβ′4, k.
[0227] One possible scenario is that W2 is proportional to β4, k;
[0228] One possible scenario is that W2 satisfies a linear relationship with 1 / r;
[0229] One possible scenario is that W1 has the same changing trend as β5, k.
[0230] One possible scenario is that W2 has the same changing trend as β5, k.
[0231] Example 6A
[0232] In this example, the base station is configured with UPA, and the number of antennas (or antenna ports) in the horizontal and vertical directions is respectively Nx, Ny, and Nt=NxNy ports CSI-RS pilots are sent for channel measurement. The terminal configured with Nrantennas obtains the pilot configuration information sent by the base station, performs detection at the corresponding resource position, and obtains the channel matrix information of dimension Nr×Nt.
[0233] The codewords in the codebook set include multiple codeword blocks, at least one of which conforms to the following model:
[0234] Where f represents a function, represents an Nt*Nt dimensional matrix , Dkrepresents an Nt*Nt dimensional matrix , Nt is an integer, and K is an integer.
[0235] The first matrix constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters of and coefficients {β1, k, β2, k, β3, k, β4, k} in the codeword generation model are determined according to the codeword generation parameters fed back by the terminal {t1, k, t2, k, t3, k} . The units generating the first matrix have the following form:
[0236] One possible way to quantify these parameters is
[0237] β1, k=t1, k
[0238] β3, k=t2, k
[0239] Where Ox, Oy, Ot are real numbers agreed upon by the base station and the terminal in advance, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the index combination (lx, ly, m) and k . The codeword finally generated can be expressed as shown in FIG. 5.
[0240] Example 6B
[0241] In this example, the base station is configured with UPA, and the number of antennas ports in the horizontal and vertical directions is respectively Nx, Ny, and Nt=NxNy ports CSI-RS pilots are sent for channel measurement. The terminal configured with Nrantennas ports obtains the pilot configuration information sent by the base station, performs detection at the corresponding resource position, and obtains the channel matrix information of dimension Nr×Nt.
[0242] The codewords in the codebook set include multiple codeword blocks, at least one of which conforms to the following model:
[0243] Where f represents a function, represents an Nt*Nt dimensional matrix , Dkrepresents an Nt*Nt dimensional matrix , Nt is an integer, and K is an integer.
[0244] The first matrix constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters of and coefficients {β1, k, β2, k, β3, k, β4, k} in the codeword generation model are determined according to the codeword generation parameters fed back by the terminal {t1, k, t2, k, t3, k} . The units generating the first matrix have the following form:
[0245] One possible way to quantify this is
[0246] β1, k=t1, k
[0247] β3, k=t2, k
[0248] Where Ox, Oy, Ot are real numbers agreed upon by the base station and the terminal in advance, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the index combination (lx, ly, m) and k .
[0249] It should be noted that the first matrix can be regarded as the Kronecker product of two sub-vectors and where the input parameters of are and the input parameters of are the generation method thereof refers to Example 2.
[0250] Alternatively, the first matrix is the product of the subvector and the transpose of the subvector
[0251] Alternatively, the first matrix is the product of the subvector and the transpose of the subvector
[0252] One possible scenario is that at least two are identical;
[0253] One possible scenario is that different within the same group are the same, and within different group are different;
[0254] One possible scenario is that the first K1 first matrix / vector are the same, K1-K2 first matrix / vector are the same, ..., Kt-K first matrix / vector are the same, where 1≤K1≤K2≤…≤Kt≤K and the values of these parameters are all integers,
[0255] One possible scenario is that all are identical;
[0256] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index lx in different are the same ;
[0257] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index ly in different are the same ;
[0258] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index m in different are the same ;
[0259] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index m in different are the same and the values of lx are continuous;
[0260] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index m in different are the same and the values of ly are continuous;
[0261] One possible scenario is that the corresponding parameter index m in different are the same and the values of lx and ly are continuous;
[0262] In some embodiments, similar cases can be obtained for and
[0263] The second matrix Dk constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters being {W1, W2, Nx, Ny} . The input parameters {W1, W2} is indicated by the PMI. The second matrix Dk is constructed by subvector Dk1 and subvector Dk2.
[0264] The subvector is the eigenvector of the matrix B1 after SVD decomposition, where the elements of B1 can be expressed as
[0265] Construct a Toeplitz matrix whose elements are the sampled values of the sinc function. This matrix is a discrete pulse ellipsoid matrix, also called a prolate matrix. Calculate the eigenvector of this Toeplitz matrix and normalize it to obtain the DPSS sequence . Dk1 selectas a sequence from the calculated DPSS sequence.
[0266] One possible scenario for Dk1 is to select a column from the first Nx columns of the DPSS sequence;
[0267] One possible scenario for Dk1 is to select a column from the first K columns of the DPSS sequence;
[0268] One possible scenario for Dk1 is to select a column from the first K columns of the DPSS sequence, but different Dk1 are not completely the same;
[0269] One possible scenario for Dk1 is to select the kth column of the DPSS sequence;
[0270] One possible case is that W = 0, Dk1 is a sequence of all one or a sequence of all one multiplied by some scalar coefficient.
[0271] The subvector Dk2 is the eigenvector of the matrix B2 after SVD decomposition, where the elements of B2 can be expressed as
[0272] Construct a Toeplitz matrix whose elements are the sampled values of the sinc function. This matrix is a discrete pulse ellipsoid matrix, also called a prolate matrix. Calculate the eigenvector of this Toeplitz matrix and normalize it to obtain the DPSS sequence . Dk2 selects a sequence from the calculated DPSS sequence.
[0273] One possible scenario for Dk2 is to select a column from the first Ny columns of the DPSS sequence;
[0274] One possible scenario for Dk2 is to select a column from the first K columns of the DPSS sequence;
[0275] One possible scenario for Dk2 is to select a column from the first K columns of the DPSS sequence, but different Dk2 are not completely the same;
[0276] One possible scenario for Dk2 is to select the kth column of the DPSS sequence;
[0277] One possible case is that W = 0, Dk2 selects a sequence of all one or a sequence of all onesmultiplied by some scalar coefficient is selected;
[0278] A second matrix Dk is constructed based on the obtained sub-vectors Dk1 and the sub-vectors Dk2.
[0279] One possible case is that the second matrix Dk is the Kronecker product of Dk1 and Dk2;
[0280] One possible case is that the second matrix Dk is the product of the subvector Dk1 and the transpose of the subvector Dk2;
[0281] One possible case is that the second matrix Dk is the product of the subvector Dk2 and the transpose of the subvector Dk1;
[0282] The final generated codeword block can be expressed as
[0283] Among them, the function f represents a certain functional relationship between its two sub-matrices.
[0284] One possible form is that the function f is a linear function between Dk;
[0285] One possible form is that the function f is some multiplicative function between Dk;
[0286] One possible expression is, where is the dot product;
[0287] One possible expression is, where circle-cross operator indicates Kronecker product ; or, any equivalent form of this formula.
[0288] One possible form is that the function f is a linear function between Dk;
[0289] One possible form is that the function f is a linear function between Dk1, Dk2;
[0290] One possible form is that the function f is a matrix operation involving Dk;
[0291] One possible form is that the function f is a multiplicative function between Dk;
[0292] One possible form is that the function f is a linear function between Dk;
[0293] One possible form is that the function f is an exponential function between Dk;
[0294] One possible form is that the function f is a power function between Dk;
[0295] One possible form is that the function f is a piecewise function between Dk;
[0296] One possible form is that the function f is some multiplicative function between Dk;
[0297] One possible expression is, which is the dot product;
[0298] One possible expression is, which is the dot product;
[0299] One possible expression is,
[0300] One possible expression is,
[0301] For being a diagonal matrix with only non-zero diagonal elements and Dk being an Nt*1-dimensional vector, the following analysis is available:
[0302] One possible expression is,
[0303] One possible expression is, In fact, replacing by the above analysis of the case where Dk are Nt*1-dimensional vectors is applicable to the case where is a diagonal matrix with only non-zero diagonal elements and Dk is an Nt*1-dimensional vector.
[0304] For the case of being an Nt*1-dimensional vector, Dk being a diagonal matrix with only non-zero diagonal elements, the following analysis is available:
[0305] One possible expression is,
[0306] One possible expression is,
[0307] One possible expression is,
[0308] One possible expression is,
[0309] In fact, replacing diag (Dk) by Dk, the above analysis of the case where Dk are all Nt*1-dimensional vectors is applicable to the case where Dk is a diagonal matrix with only diagonal elements non-zero, and is an Nt*1-dimensional vector.
[0310] For the case where only the diagonal elements of are non-zero, and only the diagonal elements of Dk are non-zero, the following analysis is available:
[0311] One possible expression is,
[0312] One possible expression is,
[0313] One possible expression is,
[0314] One possible expression is,
[0315] In fact, replacing by replacing diag (Dk) by Dk, the above analysis of the case where both Dk are Nt*1-dimensional vectors is applicable to the case where Dk is a diagonal matrix with only non-zero diagonal elements and is an Nt*1-dimensional vector.
[0316] Equivalently, we can exchange the form of the first matrix / vector and the second matrix / vector, and all the above discussions apply.
[0317] Example 7
[0318] This example discloses parameter correlation analysis based on Example 6: In the above parameters, the apostrophe represents the codebook design parameters corresponding to the receiving end.
[0319] One possible scenario is that W1 has the same changing trend as cos (asin (-β1, k) ) ;
[0320] One possible scenario is that W1 has the same changing trend as β2, k;
[0321] One possible scenario is that W1 has the same changing trend as cos (asin (β′1, k) ) ;
[0322] One possible scenario is that W1 has the same changing trend as β′2, k;
[0323] One possible scenario is that W1 is proportional to
[0324] One possible scenario is that W1 is proportional to β2, kβ′2, k.
[0325] One possible scenario is that W1 is proportional to β2, k;
[0326] One possible scenario is that W1 and 1 / r satisfy a linear relationship;
[0327] One possible scenario is that W2 has the same changing trend ascos (asin (-β3, k) ) ;
[0328] One possible scenario is that W2 has the same changing trend as β4, k;
[0329] One possible scenario is that W2 has the same changing trend as cos (asin (β′3, k) ) ;
[0330] One possible scenario is that W2 has the same changing trend as β′4, k;
[0331] One possible scenario is that W2 is proportional to
[0332] One possible scenario is that W2 is proportional to β4, kβ′4, k.
[0333] One possible scenario is that W2 is proportional to β4, k;
[0334] One possible scenario is that W2 satisfies a linear relationship with 1 / r;
[0335] Example 8
[0336] In various examples, K represents the number of layers. K represents the number of data streams transmitted by the high-rank codebook, which is a parameter configured or preset by the base station. When LOS and different NLOS paths are used to transmit data, the Kl values configured for different paths may be different. Let KLOS be the number of data streams transmitted through the LOS path, and Kl, NLOS represent the number of data streams transmitted by the lth NLOS path.
[0337] One possible scenario is to configure the same Kl for all paths;
[0338] One possible scenario is that KLOS configured for the LOS path is an integer greater than 1, and Kl, NLOS configured for the NLOS path is an integer less than K. Kl, NLOS for different paths may be different.
[0339] One possible scenario is that KLOS configured for the LOS path is an integer greater than 1, Kl,NLOS configured for the NLOS path is an integer less than K, and Kl, NLOS for different paths are the same;
[0340] One possible scenario is that KLOS configured for LOS paths is an integer greater than 1, and Kl,NLOS configured for all NLOS paths is 1;
[0341] The value of K can be directly specified, or a certain rule can be agreed upon to calculate the value of K.
[0342] Example 9
[0343] Here is a LOS high-rank codebook form named A:
[0344] (1) All are the same, that is where is a vector and corresponds to a parameter {u1, u2} ;
[0345] (2) The second vector Dk selects the kth column of the DPSS sequence ; or, the second matrix / vector Dk is the Kronecker product of the subvector Dk1 and the subvector Dk2, Dk1 and Dk2 correspond to the kth column of the corresponding DPSS sequence respectively;
[0346] (3) Constructing codeword blocks of near-field high-rank codebook
[0347] Here is an NLOS high-rank codebook form named B, where KNLOS = 2:
[0348] (1) According to the increasing order of k, every two adjacent are the same , where is a vector corresponding to the parameter {u1, k, u2, k} ;
[0349] (2) The second vector Dk selects the kth column of the DPSS sequence; or, the second matrix Dk is the Kronecker product of the subvector Dk1 and the subvector Dk2, Dk1 and Dk2 correspond to the kth column of the corresponding DPSS sequence respectively;
[0350] (3) Constructing codeword blocks of near-field high-rank codebook
[0351] Here is an NLOS high-rank codebook form named C, where KNLOS = 1:
[0352] (1) According to the order of increasing k, is a vector corresponding to the parameter {u1, k, u2, k} ;
[0353] (2) The second matrix / vector Dk selects an all-1 matrix;
[0354] (3) Constructing codeword blocks of near-field high-rank codebook as
[0355] Here, a high-rank codebook form is given for a mixed LOS / NLOS channel, where the LOS high-rank codebook adopts the codebook form of A as
[0356] and the NLOS multipath codebook adopts the form of B, C or other forms not described in detail. The high-rank codebook set at this time can be expressed as
[0357] G=[GLOS GNLOS]
[0358] Here is a LOS+NLOS high-rank codebook form, where LOS and NLOS use the codebook form of A as
[0359] The characteristic here is that the number of layers configured for the NLOS path does not exceed that of the LOS path.
[0360] Example 10
[0361] According to some embodiments, a method and device for feedback of channel parameters includes following:
[0362] (a) Obtain channel parameters;
[0363] (b) Determine a codebook set for channel quantization feedback;
[0364] (c) select an optimal codeword from the codebook set to quantize and characterize the channel parameter;
[0365] (d) Feed the optimal codeword back to the transmitting end;
[0366] The codewords in the codebook set conform to the following model:
[0367] W is a vector or matrix with Nt rows and r columns, Nt>=2 and is an integer, r>=1 and is an integer; where Gi is a vector or matrix, which αiis a complex number; i=1, 2, 3, 4
[0368] In addition, there may be multiple matrices arranged on the right, such as
[0369] At least one Gi in the codeword model is generated by one or more columns in the indication parameters of the codeword include at least the indication parameters of the Gi, and K may be the same or different for different Gi.
[0370] Furthermore, Gi may be generated by selecting one or more columns from multiple different
[0371] Finally, one point to add is that in the previous embodiment, we regard as a codeword block, but each column of G can also be regarded as a codeword block too. The other implementation contents are similar to those of Embodiments 2-9.
[0372] Wireless communication system examples
[0373] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communication system 1300 where techniques in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present technology can be applied. A wireless communication system 1300 can include one or more base stations (BSs) 1305a, 1305b, one or more wireless devices (or UEs) 1310a, 1310b, 1310c, 1310d, and a core network 1325. A base station 1305a, 1305b can provide wireless service to terminal devices 1310a, 1310b, 1310c and 1310d in one or more wireless sectors. In some implementations, a base station 1305a, 1305b includes directional antennas to produce two or more directional beams to provide wireless coverage in different sectors. The core network 1325 can communicate with one or more base stations 1305a, 1305b. The core network 1325 provides connectivity with other wireless communication systems and wired communication systems. The core network may include one or more service subscription databases to store information related to the subscribed terminal devices 1310a, 1310b, 1310c, and 1310d. A first base station 1305a can provide wireless service based on a first radio access technology, whereas a second base station 1305b can provide wireless service based on a second radio access technology. The base stations 1305a and 1305b may be co-located or may be separately installed in the field according to the deployment scenario. The terminal devices 1310a, 1310b, 1310c, and 1310d can support multiple different radio access technologies. The techniques and embodiments described in the present document may be implemented by the base stations or wireless devices described in the present document.
[0374] FIG. 3 is a block diagram representation of a portion of a hardware platform in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present technology can be applied. The hardware platform 1405 may be incorporated into a function such as a network device, a base station, or a wireless device (or a terminal device, UE) can include processor electronics 1410 such as one or more microprocessors, one or more processors, system on chip (SOC) or the like that implements one or more of the wireless communication techniques presented in this document. The hardware platform 1405 can include transceiver electronics 1415 to send and / or receive messages and signals over one or more communication interfaces such as antenna 1420. In some embodiments, the communication interface may be a wired interface, in which case the antenna 1420 may not be needed / used. The hardware platform 1405 can include other communication interfaces for transmitting and receiving data. The hardware platform 1405 can include one or more memories (not explicitly shown) configured to store information such as data and / or instructions. In some implementations, the processor electronics 1410 can include at least a portion of the transceiver electronics 1415. In some embodiments, at least some of the disclosed techniques, modules or functions are implemented using the hardware platform 1405. In some embodiments, the hardware platform 1405 may be configured to perform the methods described herein.
[0375] Some preferred embodiments may adopt the following technical solutions.
[0376] 1. A method of digital communication (e.g., method 410 depicted in FIG. 4A) , comprising: determining (412) , by a first communication device, a codebook set comprising codewords for providing a feedback to a second communication device, and transmitting (414) the feedback, by the first communication device, in a feedback transmission using a codeword from the codebook set.
[0377] 2. A method of digital communication (e.g., method 420 depicted in FIG. 4B) , comprising: receiving (422) a feedback, by a second communication device from a first communication device, in a feedback transmission using a codeword from a codebook set; and determining (424) , by the second communication device, using a codebook set comprising codewords, a feedback indicated by the feedback transmission.
[0378] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a base station and the second communication device is UE. In some embodiments, the first communication device may be UE and the second communication device may be a base station.
[0379] 3. The method of solutions 1-2, wherein the codewords include multiple codeword blocks, wherein at least one codeword block, G, conforms to a representation:
[0380] wherein f is a function, represents a first matrix or vector having an Nt*1-dimensional vector or an Nt*Nt-dimensional matrix, Dkrepresents a second matrix or a vector and has dimensions of an Nt*1-dimensional column vector or an Nt*Nt-dimensional matrix , Nt and K are positive integers.
[0381] 4. The method of solution 3, wherein at least two Di, Dj are orthogonal to each other, where i and j are different integers.
[0382] 5. The method of any of solutions 3-4, wherein at least one Di is a discrete prolate spherical sequences (DPSS) .
[0383] 6. The method of any of solutions 3-5, wherein at least two are same for different values of n.
[0384] 7. The method of any of solutions 3-6, wherein represents a dot product.
[0385] 8. The method of any of solutions 3-6, wherein where diag represents an operation on a vector as the diagonal element of a matrix.
[0386] 9. The method of any of above solutions, wherein Dk corresponds to first K sequences of a discrete prolate spherical sequences (DPSS) , wherein K is a positive integer.
[0387] 10. The method of any of solutions 5-9, wherein the DPSS sequence is a function of transmitting and / or receiving antennas or antenna ports.
[0388] 11. The method of solution 10, wherein the DPSS is a function of at least one of r, θt, θr, where r represents a distance between center points of transmitting and receiving antenna arrays, θt represents an angle between the center points of the transmitting and receiving antenna arrays and z-axis, φ represents an angle between the receiving antenna array and x-axis (and / or y-axis) , and θr =θt -φ.
[0389] 12. The method of solution 9-11, wherein K corresponds to a number of layers of transmissions between the first communication device and the second communication device.
[0390] 13. The method of any of solutions 3-6, wherein
[0391] 14. The method of any of solutions 3-13, wherein
[0392] 15. The method of any of solutions 1-14, wherein one of the first or second vector and the other has a fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) , or one of the first or second matrix comprises a diagonal transform of FRFT.
[0393] 16. The method of solution 3, wherein a phase of each element of is related to a quadratic term of index n.
[0394] 17. The method of solution 3, wherein constructs a codeword using a pre-agreed codeword generation model to which input parameter is {u1, k, u2, k, n, (an+b) 2} or {u1, k, u2, k, n, n2} . Here a and b are real numbers.
[0395] 18. The method of solution 17, wherein {u1, k, u2, k} is indicated by a precoding indicator.
[0396] 19. The method of solution 3, wherein has the following form:
[0397] where Nt represents a number of transmission antennas or antenna ports.
[0398] 20. The method of solution 3, wherein has the following form:
[0399] where Nt represents a number of transmission antennas or antenna ports and a and b are rational numbers.
[0400] 21. The method of solution 3, wherein at least one of Dk use a pre-agreed codeword generation model by which codewords are constructed with input parameter {W, Nt} , where W is a real number. In some embodiment W is a frequency bandwidth parameter.
[0401] 22. The method of solution 21, wherein Dk is a singular vector / eigenvector of a matrix B after a singular value decomposition or eigenvalue decomposition, where elements of B are expressed as
[0402] 23. The method of solutions 1-2, wherein Dk corresponds to the kth column of a sequence whose first element vk [0] =1 and
[0403] 24. The method of solution 17, wherein
[0404] 25. The method of solutions 1-2, wherein Dk constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters being {W1, W2, Nx, Ny} .
[0405] 26. The method of solutions 1-2, wherein matrix constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters of and coefficients {β1, k, β2, k, β3, k, β4, k, β5, k} in the codeword generation model are determined according to codeword generation parameters {t1, k, t2, k, t3, k}.
[0406] 27. The method of solution 26, wherein has the following form:
[0407] 28. The method of solutions 1-2, wherein Dk constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters being {W1, W2, Nx, Ny} .
[0408] 29. The method of solution 28, wherein Dk is constructed by subvector Dk1 and subvector Dk2, wherein the subvector is an eigenvector of the matrix B1, where elements of B1 can be expressed as
[0409] 30. A digital communications apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method recited in any one or more of solutions 1 to 29.
[0410] 31. A computer storage medium having code stored thereon, the code, upon execution by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor implement a method recited in any one or more of solutions 1 to 29.
[0411] It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that this patent document discloses techniques for providing channel measurement feedback using a new codebook design. In particular, various designs of a codeword block of a near-field high-rank (multi-layer) codebook are disclosed. In order to achieve better codebook performance, we design a high-rank codebook based on the hierarchical design of the first matrix / vector and the second matrix / vector, and further design a multi-layer codebook based on the discrete prolate spherical sequence (DPSS) . Furthermore, the correlation between the first matrix / vector and the second matrix / vector is given. It will be appreciated that, using the disclosed codebooks, receiving ends are able to more accurately and in a compact manner able to provide channel quality feedback to the transmitting end by selecting an optimal codeword from the codebook.
[0412] Some of the embodiments described herein are described in the general context of methods or processes, which may be implemented in one embodiment by a computer program product, embodied in a computer-readable medium, including computer-executable instructions, such as program code, executed by computers in networked environments. A computer-readable medium may include removable and non-removable storage devices including, but not limited to, Read Only Memory (ROM) , Random Access Memory (RAM) , compact discs (CDs) , digital versatile discs (DVD) , etc. Therefore, the computer-readable media can include a non-transitory storage media. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Computer-or processor-executable instructions, associated data structures, and program modules represent examples of program code for executing steps of the methods disclosed herein. The particular sequence of such executable instructions or associated data structures represents examples of corresponding acts for implementing the functions described in such steps or processes.
[0413] Some of the disclosed embodiments can be implemented as devices or modules using hardware circuits, software, or combinations thereof. For example, a hardware circuit implementation can include discrete analog and / or digital components that are, for example, integrated as part of a printed circuit board. Alternatively, or additionally, the disclosed components or modules can be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) and / or as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. Some implementations may additionally or alternatively include a digital signal processor (DSP) that is a specialized microprocessor with an architecture optimized for the operational needs of digital signal processing associated with the disclosed functionalities of this application. Similarly, the various components or sub-components within each module may be implemented in software, hardware or firmware. The connectivity between the modules and / or components within the modules may be provided using any one of the connectivity methods and media that is known in the art, including, but not limited to, communications over the Internet, wired, or wireless networks using the appropriate protocols.
[0414] While this document contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of an invention that is claimed or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in this document in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination. Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results.
[0415] Only a few implementations and examples are described and other implementations, enhancements and variations can be made based on what is described and illustrated in this disclosure.
Claims
1.A method of digital communication, comprising:determining, by a first communication device, a codebook set comprising codewords for providing a feedback to a second communication device, andtransmitting the feedback, by the first communication device, in a feedback transmission using a codeword from the codebook set.2.A method of digital communication, comprising:receiving a feedback, by a second communication device from a first communication device, in a feedback transmission using a codeword from a codebook set; anddetermining, by the second communication device, using a codebook set comprising codewords, a feedback indicated by the feedback transmission.3.The method of claims 1-2, wherein the codewords include multiple codeword blocks, wherein at least one codeword block, G, conforms to a representation: wherein f is a function, represents a first matrix or vector having an Nt*1-dimensional vector or an Nt*Nt-dimensional matrix, Dk represents a second matrix or vector being an Nt*1-dimensional column vector or an Nt*Nt-dimensional matrix , Nt and K are positive integers.4.The method of claim 3, wherein at least two Di, Dj are orthogonal to each other, where i and j are different integers.5.The method of any of claims 3-4, wherein at least one Di is a discrete prolate spherical sequences (DPSS) .6.The method of any of claims 3-5, wherein at least two are same for different values of n.7.The method of any of claims 3-6, wherein represents a dot product.8.The method of any of claims 3-6, wherein where diag represents an operation on a vector as the diagonal element of a matrix.9.The method of any of above claims, wherein Dk corresponds to first K sequences of a discrete prolate spherical sequences (DPSS) , wherein K is a positive integer.10.The method of any of claims 5-9, wherein the DPSS sequence is a function of transmitting and / or receiving antennas or antenna ports.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the DPSS is a function of at least one of r, θt, θr, where r represents a distance between center points of transmitting and receiving antenna arrays, θt represents an angle between the center points of the transmitting and receiving antenna arrays and z-axis, φ represents an angle between the receiving antenna array and x / y-axis, and θr = θt -φ.12.The method of claim 9-11, wherein K corresponds to a number of layers of transmissions between the first communication device and the second communication device.13.The method of any of claims 3-6, wherein 14.The method of any of claims 3-13, wherein 15.The method of any of claims 1-14, wherein one of the first or second vector and the other has a fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) , or one of the first or second matrix comprises a diagonal transform of FRFT.16.The method of claim 3, wherein a phase of each element of is related to a quadratic term of index n.17.The method of claim 3, wherein constructs a codeword using a pre-agreed codeword generation model to which input parameter is {u1, k, u2, k, n, (an+b) 2} or {u1, k, u2, k, n, n2} , where a and b are real numbers.18.The method of claim 17, wherein {u1, k, u2, k} is indicated by a precoding indicator.19.The method of claim 3, wherein has the following form:where Nt represents a number of transmission antennas or antenna ports.20.The method of claim 3, wherein has the following form: where Nt represents a number of transmission antennas or antenna ports and a and b are real numbers.21.The method of claim 3, wherein at least one of Dk use a pre-agreed codeword generation model by which codewords are constructed with input parameter {W, Nt} , where W is a real number.22.The method of claim 21, wherein Dk is a singular vector / eigenvector of a matrix B after a singular value decomposition or eigenvalue decomposition, where elements of B are expressed as 23.The method of claims 1-2, wherein Dk corresponds to the kth column of a sequence whose first element vk [0] =1 and 24.The method of claim 17, wherein u1, k=-sinθ 25.The method of claims 1-2, wherein Dk constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters being {W1, W2, Nx, Ny} .26.The method of claims 1-2, wherein matrix constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters of and coefficients {β1, k, β2, k, β3, k, β4, k, β5, k} in the codeword generation model are determined according to codeword generation parameters {t1, k, t2, k, t3, k} .27.The method of claim 26, wherein has the following form:or28.The method of claims 1-2, wherein Dk constructs codewords using a pre-agreed codeword generation model, with input parameters being {W1, W2, Nx, Ny} .29.The method of claim 28, wherein Dk is constructed by subvector Dk1 and subvector Dk2, wherein the subvector is an eigenvector of the matrix B1, where elements of B1 can be expressed as 30.A digital communications apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method recited in any one or more of claims 1 to 29.31.A computer storage medium having code stored thereon, the code, upon execution by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor implement a method recited in any one or more of claims 1 to 29.
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