Wireless communication methods and communication devices

Abstract

Provided are wireless communication methods and communication devices. A method comprises: a first device receives a first signal, wherein the first signal is used to determine the backscatter mode of a second device. The first device receives the first signal to determine the backscatter mode of the second device, so that the second device can use an appropriate backscatter mode to communicate with the first device, thereby improving communication performance.

Description

Wireless communication methods and communication devices Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a method and device for wireless communication. Background Technology

[0002] Ambient powered (AMP) devices can communicate using either active transmission or backscattering. For backscattering, the AMP device needs to receive a carrier signal and modulate it to generate a backscattered signal. Improving the performance of backscattering-based communication is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and apparatus for wireless communication. The various aspects covered by this application are described below.

[0005] In a first aspect, a method for wireless communication is provided, comprising: a first device receiving a first signal, wherein the first signal is used to determine a backscattering mode of a second device.

[0006] In a second aspect, a wireless communication method is provided, comprising: a second device transmitting a backscatter signal, wherein the backscatter signal is used to determine a backscatter mode of the second device.

[0007] Thirdly, a wireless communication method is provided, comprising: a third device transmitting a first carrier signal to a first device, wherein the first carrier signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of a second device.

[0008] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, the communication device being a first device, comprising: a transceiver unit for receiving a first signal, wherein the first signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of a second device.

[0009] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, the communication device being a second device, comprising: a transceiver unit for transmitting a backscatter signal, wherein the backscatter signal is used to determine the backscatter mode of the second device.

[0010] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, the communication device being a third device, comprising: a transceiver unit for transmitting a first carrier signal to a first device, wherein the first carrier signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of a second device.

[0011] A seventh aspect provides a communication device including a transceiver, a memory, and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to invoke the program in the memory and control the transceiver to receive or send signals so that the communication device performs the method as described in the first aspect.

[0012] Eighthly, a communication device is provided, including a transceiver, a memory, and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to invoke the program in the memory and control the transceiver to receive or transmit signals so that the communication device performs the method as described in the second aspect.

[0013] A ninth aspect provides a communication device including a transceiver, a memory, and a processor, wherein the memory stores a program, and the processor invokes the program in the memory and controls the transceiver to receive or transmit signals so that the communication device performs the method as described in the third aspect.

[0014] A tenth aspect provides an apparatus including a processor for calling a program from a memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method as described in the first, second, or third aspect.

[0015] Eleventh aspect: A chip is provided, including a processor for calling a program from memory, causing a device having the chip mounted to perform the method as described in the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect.

[0016] In a twelfth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a program stored thereon that causes a computer to perform the methods described in the first, second, or third aspects.

[0017] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, including a program that causes a computer to perform the methods described in the first, second, or third aspects.

[0018] Fourteenth aspect, a computer program is provided that causes a computer to perform the methods described in the first, second or third aspect.

[0019] In this embodiment of the application, the first device receives a first signal to determine the backscattering mode of the second device, enabling the second device to communicate with the first device using a suitable backscattering mode, thereby improving communication performance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 is a system architecture example diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of backscattering.

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of carrier modulation.

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a Mono-static backscatter communication system.

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a Bi-static backscatter communication system.

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of interference in a backscatter communication system.

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the interference of the carrier signal on the backscatter signal in a Bi-static backscatter communication system.

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the interference of the carrier signal on the backscatter signal in a mono-static backscatter communication system.

[0028] Figure 9 is a schematic flowchart of a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the first PPDU format according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the multi-segment PPDU format.

[0031] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the multi-segment PPDU format.

[0032] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the second PPDU format according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of backscattered signals based on the second PPDU format according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the second PPDU format according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the third PPDU format according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of backscatter signal transmission based on the third PPDU format according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the fourth PPDU format according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the PPDU format used in the case of measuring the backscattered signal and the first carrier signal according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the network deployment of the backscatter communication system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Communication system

[0046] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to various communication systems. For example, they can be applied to wireless local area networks (WLAN), wireless fidelity (WiFi), high-performance radio local area networks (HIPELAN), wide area networks (WAN), cellular networks, or other communication systems. As another example, they can be applied to communication systems using the 802.11 standard. Exemplarily, the 802.11 standard includes, but is not limited to, the 802.11a standard, the 802.11g standard, the 802.11ba standard, and next-generation 802.11 standards.

[0047] Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 includes a first device 110 and a second device 120. It is understood that Figure 1 only exemplarily shows one first device 110 and two second devices 120. In other implementations, the communication system 100 may include multiple first devices 110 and other numbers of second devices 120.

[0048] In some scenarios, such as in a WiFi system, the first device 110 can be a station (STA), and the second device 120 can be an access point (AP). The AP is used to create a wireless network and provide wireless network services to the STA. STAs can access the network through the AP.

[0049] In this context, an Access Point (AP) can be a device in a wireless network. An AP can be a communication server, router, switch, bridge, or other communication entity. Alternatively, an AP can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, etc. Of course, an AP can also be a chip, circuit, or processing system within these various types of devices to implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application. APs can be applied in various scenarios, such as sensor nodes in smart cities (e.g., smart water meters, smart electricity meters, smart air quality monitoring nodes); smart devices in smart homes (e.g., smart cameras, projectors, displays, televisions, speakers, refrigerators, washing machines, etc.); nodes in the Internet of Things (IoT); entertainment terminals (e.g., AR, VR wearable devices); smart devices in smart offices (e.g., printers, projectors, etc.); vehicle-to-everything (V2X) devices; and infrastructure in everyday life scenarios (e.g., vending machines, supermarket self-service navigation kiosks, self-checkout machines, self-service ordering machines, etc.).

[0050] A STA can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, such as a device that supports the 802.11 series of protocols and communicates with an AP or other STAs. As an example, an STA is any user communication device that allows a user to communicate with an AP and subsequently with a WLAN network. STAs include, for example, user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile terminal, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device.

[0051] STA can also be a device that provides users with voice and / or data connectivity, such as a handheld device or in-vehicle device with wireless connectivity. As examples, STAs can include mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks, or future evolution of public land mobile communication networks. Terminal devices in a network (PLMN), etc., are not limited to this in the embodiments of this application.

[0052] STA can also refer to wearable devices. Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. For example, STA can include smartwatches or smart glasses, as well as devices focused on a specific application function that require interaction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0053] STA can also be a terminal device in the Internet of Things (IoT) system. IoT is an important part of the future development of information technology. Its main technical feature is to connect objects to the network through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network for human-machine interconnection and object-to-object interconnection.

[0054] STA can also refer to devices within a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) system. The communication methods within a V2X system are collectively referred to as V2X, where X can represent anything. For example, V2X communication includes vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, and vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication.

[0055] In addition, STA can also include sensors such as smart printers, train detectors, and gas stations. Its main functions include collecting data, receiving control information and downlink data from the AP, and sending electromagnetic waves to transmit data to the AP.

[0056] In this embodiment of the application, the AP can be a device used to communicate with the STA. The AP can be a network device or a terminal device in a wireless local area network. The AP can communicate with the STA through the wireless local area network.

[0057] From the perspective of the communication standards supported by the AP, in some implementations, the AP is a device that supports the 802.11 standard. Furthermore, the AP can also be a device that supports various current and future 802.11 family WLAN standards, such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11ba, and 802.11a.

[0058] From the perspective of the communication standards supported by the STA, in some implementations, the STA is a device that can support the 802.11 standard. The STA can also support various current and future 802.11 family WLAN standards such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11ba, and 802.11a.

[0059] It should be understood that the specific forms of STA and AP are not specifically limited in the embodiments of this application, and are merely illustrative examples.

[0060] Furthermore, the technical solution implemented in this application can also be extended to other scenarios beyond WiFi systems. For example, in some other scenarios, the second device 120 can be a terminal device, and the first device 110 can be a network device. The network device can be a device that communicates with the terminal device. The network device can provide communication coverage for a specific geographical area and can communicate with terminal devices located within that coverage area.

[0061] In this context, terminal equipment can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device. In the embodiments of this application, the terminal equipment can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, and can be used to connect people, objects, and machines, such as handheld devices with wireless connectivity, vehicle-mounted devices, etc. Terminal devices can also be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, self-driving, remote medical surgery, smart grids, transportation safety, smart cities, and smart homes. Optionally, terminal devices can act as base stations. For example, a terminal device can act as a dispatching entity, providing sidelink signals between terminal devices in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) or device-to-device (D2D) systems. For instance, cellular phones and cars communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Cellular phones and smart home devices communicate without relaying communication signals through base stations.

[0062] Network equipment can be access network equipment or wireless access network equipment. For example, network equipment can be a base station. The term "base station" can broadly encompass various names such as, or can be replaced by, the following: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), master station (MeNB), secondary station (SeNB), multi-mode radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, relay node, donor node, or similar entity, or a combination thereof. A base station can also refer to a communication module, modem, or chip installed within the aforementioned equipment or apparatus. A base station can also be a mobile switching center, or an entity that performs base station functions in device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, a network-side device in a 6G network, or an entity that performs base station functions in future communication systems. A base station can support networks using the same or different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the network equipment. A base station can support networks using the same or different radio access technologies (RATs). The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the network equipment.

[0063] Furthermore, base stations can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move depending on the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured as a device to communicate with another base station.

[0064] In some deployments, a network device can refer to either a CU or a DU; or, a network device may include both a CU and a DU. A gNB may also include an AAU.

[0065] Network devices and terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located.

[0066] It should be understood that all or part of the functions of the communication device in this application can also be implemented by software functions running on hardware, or by virtualization functions instantiated on a platform such as a cloud platform.

[0067] The following description uses a Wi-Fi system as an example to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. It is understood that the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application can also be extended to other systems, such as cellular systems defined by 3GPP standards.

[0068] Cellular Passive Internet of Things

[0069] With the increasing application of 5G in various industries, the types of connected devices and application scenarios are also expanding, placing higher demands on the price and power consumption of terminal devices. The application of battery-free, low-cost passive IoT devices has become a key technology for cellular IoT, enriching the types and quantities of terminal devices in 5G networks and truly realizing the Internet of Everything. Passive IoT devices can employ zero-power technologies, such as radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, and can be extended to suit cellular IoT.

[0070] Devices based on ambient energy

[0071] In existing communication systems such as NR and WiFi, the battery-free and low-cost nature of devices enables the low-cost, mass deployment and maintenance-free operation of devices such as Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Current standards are investigating how to support ambient IoT (AMP IoT) devices in NR and WiFi systems, where the energy required for operation comes from environmental energy harvesting, such as wireless signals, solar energy, or thermal energy. These devices are similar to passive or semi-passive devices in zero-power communication.

[0072] A research project on ambient energy-based IoT devices was carried out in the 3GPP radio access network (RAN). The AMP IoT devices are roughly divided into three types, each with corresponding complexity and communication capabilities.

[0073] Device A: It does not have energy storage capacity and cannot transmit independent signals; it uses backscattering.

[0074] Device B: It has energy storage capabilities but cannot transmit independent signals. It uses backscattering and can amplify the backscattered signal using the stored energy.

[0075] Device C: It has energy storage capabilities and can send independent signals, that is, it has active transmission capabilities.

[0076] Device A has the lowest complexity and power consumption, as low as 1μW, but its communication distance is limited, typically only a few meters. Device A requires carrier signals provided by other devices for backscattering transmission. Device C generally has a large-capacity capacitor to store energy from the environment, supports power consumption of several hundred μW, supports active signal transmission, and has a longer communication distance. Because Device C can actively transmit, it does not require a carrier signal from the network. Device B's complexity and power consumption fall between those of Device A and Device C.

[0077] In addition, zero-power terminals can support various types of environmental energy harvesting, such as radio frequency (RF), solar, thermal, and mechanical energy. Among these, zero-power terminals based on RF energy harvesting may require a network to provide RF power signals.

[0078] Based on the discussion of Ambient IoT application scenarios in 3GPP SA1, Ambient IoT can be used in at least the following four scenarios:

[0079] 1) Object recognition, such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management;

[0080] 2) Environmental monitoring, such as monitoring of temperature, humidity, and harmful gases in the working environment and natural environment;

[0081] 3) Positioning, such as indoor positioning, smart item finding, and production line item positioning;

[0082] 4) Intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (e.g., turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature, etc.) and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (e.g., automatic irrigation, fertilization, etc.).

[0083] Ambient IoT research project in 3GPP R19

[0084] 3GPP Rel-19 initiated the Ambient IoT (A-IoT) research project. The A-IoT communication system introduces the following two types of A-IoT devices.

[0085] The first type of A-IoT device has a peak power consumption of about 1uW. This A-IoT device has energy storage, an initial sampling frequency offset of 10X ppm, no uplink or downlink power amplifiers, and performs uplink transmission by backscattering external carriers.

[0086] The second type of A-IoT device has a peak power consumption of less than several hundred uW. This A-IoT device has energy storage, an initial sampling deviation of 10Xppm, and may be equipped with uplink and / or downlink power amplifiers. It can transmit uplink data by generating uplink data internally (i.e., actively transmitting) or by backscattering external carriers.

[0087] IEEE Ambient IoT Research Project

[0088] IEEE has conducted research on AMP IoT devices and defines the types of AMP IoT devices as follows:

[0089] AMP-only IoT devices are characterized by extremely low complexity, ultra-low power consumption, very small size, and no battery power required, meaning they do not use traditional batteries. These devices may not require energy storage, or may only have limited energy storage (e.g., a capacitor). They can perform uplink transmission using either backscatter or active transmission.

[0090] AMP-assisted IoT devices: These devices possess enhanced capabilities similar to current Wi-Fi devices. A key design goal is to achieve a maintenance-free IoT network (e.g., no battery replacement required), providing relatively high performance comparable to current Wi-Fi devices. These devices should be optimized for power consumption and sustainability, adapting to environmental energy usage and achieving maintenance-free operation.

[0091] Backscatter communication

[0092] The principle of backscattering is shown in Figure 2. As an example, the AMP IoT device is a backscattering tag. It receives the carrier signal sent by the reader (or, reader-writer, etc.), collects energy through the radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting module, and then supplies power to the low-power processing module, i.e., the logic processing module shown in Figure 2, to modulate the sent carrier signal and backscatter it based on the carrier signal.

[0093] Load modulation is a common method used by backscatter tags to transmit data to a reader. Load modulation involves adjusting the electrical parameters of the tag's oscillation circuit according to the data stream's pulse, thereby changing the tag's impedance and phase. Load modulation techniques include, for example, resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation.

[0094] In resistive load modulation, as shown in Figure 3, a resistor is connected in parallel with the load. This resistor, called the load modulation resistor, is switched on and off according to the clock of the data stream. The switching of switch S is controlled by binary data encoding. In capacitive load modulation, a capacitor is connected in parallel with the load, replacing the load modulation resistor controlled by binary data encoding in Figure 3.

[0095] The main characteristics of the aforementioned backscattering tags may include:

[0096] 1) The tag does not actively transmit signals; it achieves backscatter communication by modulating a carrier signal.

[0097] 2) The tag does not rely on traditional active power amplifier transmitters and uses low-power computing units, which greatly reduces hardware complexity;

[0098] 3) Combined with energy harvesting, battery-free communication can be achieved.

[0099] Backscatter communication systems mainly include the following two typical topologies:

[0100] 1) Mono-static backscatter communication system:

[0101] A mono-static backscatter system consists of two parts: a backscatter reader and a backscatter device (BD). As shown in Figure 4, the reader transmits the incoming radio frequency signal to the backscatter device and receives the backscattered signal from the device. Because the power of the carrier signal transmitted by the reader to the backscatter device is limited, the distance between the reader and the backscatter device must be relatively short. Therefore, the communication distance of this type of backscatter communication system is often short. Thus, mono-static backscattering is also called short-range backscattering.

[0102] 2) Bi-static backscatter communication system

[0103] A bi-static backscattering system comprises three parts: a backscatter reader, a carrier source device (or carrier generator, carrier transmitter, carrier source / energizer, etc.), and a backscattering device. As shown in Figure 5, a carrier source device is placed near the backscattering device to transmit the carrier signal (carrier / excitation). Because the distance between the carrier source device and the backscattering device can be set shorter, the path loss is reduced, allowing the backscattering device to obtain more power from the carrier source device. Compared to mono-static backscattering, its communication distance is no longer limited by the power requirements of the RF signal between the reader and the backscattering device, thus extending the communication distance between them. Therefore, bi-static backscattering can also be called long-range backscattering.

[0104] In backscatter communication systems, the threshold requirement for the energy harvesting signal of the backscattering device is higher than the threshold requirement for the backscattered signal, resulting in a much smaller carrier signal coverage than the communication signal coverage. This makes carrier signal coverage the bottleneck for backscatter communication distance. For bistatic backscatter communication systems, the introduction of a carrier source is intended to overcome the carrier signal coverage bottleneck, thereby increasing the communication distance of the backscattered signal.

[0105] As shown in Figure 6, the carrier signal emitted by the carrier source, while providing a carrier for the backscattering device, also acts as an interference signal, reaching the reader along with the backscattered signal, thus causing significant interference to the detection of the backscattered signal. When the intensity of the interference signal reaches a certain ratio to the intensity of the backscattered signal, the backscattered signal will be overwhelmed by the interference signal, preventing the reader from successfully demodulating the backscattered signal.

[0106] Furthermore, due to the needs of backscatter communication systems, such as service type, channel conditions, communication distance, and energy saving, backscatter devices may support multiple data rates. Because of the low complexity of backscatter devices, they cannot accurately measure downlink signals to determine the data rate; therefore, the data rate in backscatter communication is often determined and indicated to the backscatter device by the reader. However, currently, the reader cannot obtain relevant information to determine the backscatter data rate.

[0107] For a bistatic backscatter communication system, the positional relationship between the carrier source, reader, and backscattering device determines whether the reader can successfully demodulate the backscattered signal. When the intensity of the interference signal received at the reader's receiver reaches a certain ratio to the intensity of the backscattered signal, the reader will fail to demodulate the backscattered signal. The positional relationship between the carrier source, reader, and backscattering device is shown in Figure 7. The signal power emitted by the carrier source is 23 dBm. Upon reaching the backscattering device, the signal power emitted after backscattering is -24 dBm, including path attenuation and backscattering attenuation from the backscattering device. Path attenuation can be calculated using Friis's formula. Assuming the distance between the carrier source and the backscattering device is 4 m, the calculated signal attenuation is 42 dB, and the backscattering attenuation is 5 dB, totaling 47 dB. Assuming the distance between the backscattering device and the reader is 2 m, the calculated signal power of the backscattered signal reaching the reader after a 2-m path attenuation is reduced to -76 dBm. The power of the signal transmitted directly from the carrier source to the reader, after path attenuation, is -26dBm. Therefore, at the reader's receiving end, the interference signal is 50dB stronger than the backscattered signal, making it difficult for the reader to correctly demodulate the backscattered signal.

[0108] Friis's formula can be, for example,: Pr = Pt + Gt + Gr + 20log10(λ) – 20log10(4πd); where Pr is the received signal power, Pt is the transmitted signal power, Gt and Gr are the transmitted and received signal gains, respectively, and λ is the signal wavelength. It can be seen that, with Pt, Gt, Gr, and λ constant, Pr decreases rapidly with distance d, then gradually decreases.

[0109] As shown in Figure 8, in a mono-static backscatter communication system, the reader's transmission and reception have a certain degree of isolation, such as 20 dB. The carrier signal transmitted by the reader leaks to the receiver, and the signal strength attenuates by 20 dB, constituting interference to the backscatter signal. When the distance between the reader and the backscattering device is short, the attenuation of the backscatter signal is not very severe, and its signal strength is not too weak compared to the leaked interference signal. Combined with the interference suppression techniques typically employed by the reader, the receiver can demodulate the backscatter signal.

[0110] As can be seen, the mode used in backscatter communication depends on the network deployment. When the network topology supports both Bi-static and Mono-static backscatter modes, the reader needs to determine the mode that the backscatter device should use.

[0111] Therefore, this application provides a scheme for determining the backscattering mode. The first device receives a first signal to determine the backscattering mode of the second device. For example, the backscattering mode of the second device can be determined based on the measurement result of the first signal, so that the second device can use a suitable backscattering mode to communicate with the first device, thereby improving communication performance.

[0112] The first device described in this application embodiment can be, for example, an AP, the second device can be, for example, a STA, and the third device can be, for example, a device for providing a carrier signal to the second device (or, a carrier source). As an example, the second device can be a backscattering device, such as an AMP device or an AMP IoT device; the first and third devices can be devices that support AMP communication, such as those that support the modulation scheme in AMP communication.

[0113] AMP IoT devices can be used as reflective / scattering devices in WiFi or cellular networks. For example, in a WiFi system, they can be called AMP STAs, and in a cellular system, they can be called AMP devices. The reader can be an access point (AP) in a WiFi system or a base station in a cellular system. The carrier source can be an AP or non-AP STA in a WiFi system, a terminal device or base station in a cellular system, or other types of third-party devices.

[0114] The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figure 9.

[0115] Figure 9 is a schematic flowchart of a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method 900 shown in Figure 9 can be executed by a first device and a second device. The first device is, for example, the first device 110 shown in Figure 1, and the second device is, for example, the second device 120 described in Figure 1.

[0116] Referring to Figure 9, in step 910, the first device receives a first signal. This first signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of the second device. For example, the first device can measure the first signal to obtain a measurement result, and then determine the backscattering mode based on the measurement result. This backscattering mode may include, for example, the mono-static mode or bi-static mode described above.

[0117] The first signal in this embodiment includes, for example, a backscatter signal and / or a first carrier signal. The backscatter signal may be transmitted by a second device, and the first carrier signal may be transmitted by a third device. Here, the backscatter signal is associated with the second carrier signal, or in other words, the backscatter signal may be transmitted based on the second carrier signal. For example, the second carrier signal may be used to excite the backscattering of the second device, or as the carrier for the backscattering of the second device. The second carrier signal may be transmitted by the first device and / or the third device. It is important to distinguish that the first carrier signal transmitted by the third device is a carrier signal used by the first device to perform measurements and determine the backscattering mode of the second device, while the second carrier signal transmitted by the third device is a carrier signal used by the second device to transmit the backscatter signal, which is used to determine the backscattering mode of the second device.

[0118] Typically, in backscatter communication, taking a WiFi system as an example, the Access Point (AP) as a network device can send a trigger signal to trigger the STA (Station) to perform backscatter. In a WiFi system supporting AMP, the AP can be called an AMP AP, and the STA can be called an AMP STA. The carrier source device can be called an energizer. Specifically, in a mono-static backscatter communication system, the AMP AP sends a trigger signal and provides a carrier for the AMP STA's backscatter. In a bi-static backscatter communication system, the AMP AP sends a trigger signal, instructing the carrier source device to send a carrier signal, which then provides the carrier for the AMP STA's backscatter. During this process, before sending the trigger signal, the AMP AP needs to determine the AMP STA's backscatter mode, thereby determining the device that provides the carrier to the AMP STA. Therefore, in this embodiment, the backscatter mode can be determined by measuring the AMP STA's backscatter signal and / or the carrier signal sent by the carrier source device.

[0119] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail from five aspects: the first device measuring the backscattered signal of the second device, the first device measuring the first carrier signal of the third device, the first device measuring the backscattered signal of the second device and the first carrier signal of the third device, the third device measuring the backscattered signal of the second device, and determining the backscattering model based on the measurement results.

[0120] The first device measures the backscattered signal of the second device.

[0121] As shown in Figure 9, optionally, in step 920, the second device sends a backscatter signal; correspondingly, the first device receives the backscatter signal. The backscatter signal is used to determine the backscatter mode of the second device.

[0122] In some implementations, the first device can send a second signal to the second device. This second signal is used to instruct the second device to send a backscatter signal. In other words, the second signal can be used to instruct the second device to send a backscatter signal used to determine the backscattering mode.

[0123] First, we describe how to obtain the backscattered signal of the second device through Mono-static mode.

[0124] To obtain the backscattered signal from the second device, the first device can send a second signal to instruct the second device to send a backscattered signal. This backscattered signal can be based on a carrier wave sent by the first device. In this case, the first device obtains the backscattered signal from the second device in a mono-static mode and measures it.

[0125] The second signal can be a specific signal for identification by a second device. For example, the second signal can be a sequence, which the second device determines by correlation detection of the sequence. Utilizing the correlation of the sequences, a higher correlation peak can be output for the target sequence, while a lower correlation peak, typically much smaller, can be output for non-target sequences. This sequence could be, for example, an m-sequence or a Gold sequence. Alternatively, the second signal can also be a signal domain carrying control information instructing the second device to send a backscattered signal. Optionally, the second signal can be processed using OOK modulation, Manchester coding, or similar methods.

[0126] The second signal can be transmitted based on the corresponding physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) format. The PPDU format in this embodiment can also be referred to as the PPDU structure. For example, the second signal can be a signal field in the PPDU format, or in other words, the second signal can be carried in the signal field. The PPDU formats for transmitting the second signal provided in the embodiments of this application are described below.

[0127] In some implementations, the second signal is transmitted based on a first PPDU format. The first PPDU format includes a first signal field and a second signal field; the first signal field is used to transmit the second signal, and the second signal field is used to transmit the second carrier signal.

[0128] As an example, the first PPDU format shown in Figure 10 includes a legacy preamble, a first signal field, and a second signal field. The first signal field carries a second signal, and the second signal field is a carrier signal field used to carry a second carrier signal. The second carrier signal is used by the second device to transmit a backscatter signal so that the first device can measure the backscatter signal. As shown in Figure 10, the second device is in a receiving state and detects the second signal transmitted by the first device. After detecting the second signal, the second device transmits the backscatter signal based on the second signal field in the first PPDU format. This process can be performed independently of the trigger signal transmission process. For example, after the first device transmits the second signal to the second device based on the first PPDU format, the first device can send a trigger frame to the second device. Correspondingly, the second device receives the trigger frame sent by the first device, whereby the trigger frame is used to trigger the second device to transmit an uplink data signal based on a backscatter mode determined by the first device. In other words, after the first device determines the backscattering mode by measuring the backscattering signal sent by the second device, it can send a trigger signal to the second device to trigger the second device to perform backscattering in order to transmit uplink data.

[0129] To improve the continuity of the backscatter communication process, the second signal in this embodiment can also be transmitted using a multi-segment PPDU. For example, as shown in FIG11, a multi-segment PPDU may include a preamble, one or more carrier signal domains, and one or more data signal domains. The preamble is used for compatibility with devices using the current 802.11 protocol, the carrier signal domain is used to carry carrier signals to excite the second device to perform backscatter or as a carrier for the second device to perform backscatter, and the data signal domain is used to carry downlink data signals.

[0130] In this embodiment, the downlink data signal may include, for example, data sent from the first device to the second device, and / or control information such as a trigger signal sent from the first device to the second device. The trigger signal is used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal based on a backscatter mode. Alternatively, as shown in FIG12, the downlink data signal may include, in addition to data and / or control information, a synchronization signal and / or control signaling associated with the downlink data signal. The synchronization signal (e.g., AMP-Sync) is used for synchronization, and the control signaling (e.g., AMP-SIG) includes relevant information for demodulating the data and / or control information.

[0131] The second signal, used to instruct the second device to send a backscatter signal, can also be transmitted based on the multi-segment PPDU described in Figures 11 and 12. In some implementations, the second signal is transmitted based on a second PPDU format, which includes a third signal field, a fourth signal field, and a fifth signal field. The third signal field is used to transmit the second signal, the fourth signal field is used to transmit the second carrier signal, and the fifth signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device. That is, a signal field for carrying the second signal is added to the aforementioned multi-segment PPDU format. For example, a signal field carrying the second signal is added before the signal field carrying the trigger signal, and the signal field carrying the second signal is followed by the signal field carrying the second carrier signal. In this way, the PPDU can realize the entire process of activation, triggering, and backscattering of the second device, thereby efficiently realizing the backscatter communication process.

[0132] As an example, the second PPDU format shown in Figure 13 includes a preamble, a third signal field, a fourth signal field, and a fifth signal field. The preamble is for compatibility with devices using the current 802.11 protocol. The third signal field is used to transmit a second signal. The fourth signal field is used to transmit a second carrier signal, which is used by the second device to send a backscatter signal so that the first device can measure the backscatter signal. The fifth signal field is used to transmit downlink data signals sent by the first device.

[0133] As an example, the process of backscatter communication based on the second PPDU format is shown in Figure 14, including:

[0134] The first device controls the second device to send a backscatter signal using the fourth signal field following the preamble in the second PPDU format;

[0135] The first device detects the backscatter signal sent by the second device and measures the backscatter signal, thereby determining the backscatter mode used by the second device to send the uplink data signal based on the measurement results; and

[0136] The first device instructs the second device to backscatter through the subsequent carrier signal field in the fifth signal field of the second PPDU format to transmit an uplink data signal (e.g., AMP-Data). Furthermore, before transmitting the uplink data signal, the second device may also transmit a synchronization signal (e.g., AMP-Sync) associated with the uplink data signal for synchronization before the first device receives the uplink data signal.

[0137] In addition, the second PPDU format may optionally include, in addition to the signal fields mentioned above, other signal fields required to complete a backscatter communication, and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0138] Secondly, it describes how to obtain the backscattered signal of the second device through the Bi-static mode.

[0139] To obtain the backscattered signal from the second device, the first device can send a second signal to instruct the second device to send a backscattered signal. This backscattered signal can be generated based on either a second carrier signal sent by the first device or a second carrier signal sent by a third device. In this case, the AMP AP can obtain and measure the backscattered signal from the second device through a bi-static mode.

[0140] The first device can control the third device to transmit a second carrier signal, and control the second device to transmit a backscattered signal based on the second carrier signal transmitted by the third device. Therefore, the second carrier signal carried in the fourth signal field of the aforementioned second PPDU format can be a carrier signal transmitted by the third device. Here, some signal fields (e.g., the fourth signal field) in the second PPDU format can carry signals transmitted by the third device (e.g., the second carrier signal), and some signal fields (e.g., the third signal field) can carry signals transmitted by the first device (e.g., the second signal). The transmitting devices corresponding to different signal fields in the second PPDU format can be transparent to the second device.

[0141] In other words, the second carrier signal carried in the fourth signal domain of the second PPDU format shown in Figures 13 and 14 can be the carrier signal sent by the first device, that is, the backscattered signal of the second device obtained through Mono-static mode, or the second carrier signal carried in the fourth signal domain can be the carrier signal sent by the third device, that is, the backscattered signal of the second device obtained through Bi-static mode.

[0142] Of course, the second carrier signal carried in the fourth signal field of the second PPDU format can also be partially transmitted by the first device and partially by the third device. For example, the fourth signal field includes a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is used to transmit the second carrier signal transmitted by the first device, and the second part is used to transmit the second carrier signal transmitted by the third device. In this way, the first device and the third device can simultaneously provide the second carrier signal for backscattering to the second device. Before transmitting the trigger signal, the first device can control the second device to transmit the backscattering signal in both Mono-static and Bi-static modes, thereby obtaining the measurement results of the backscattering signal in both modes. The first device can determine the appropriate backscattering mode by comparing the measurement results in the two modes.

[0143] As an example, as shown in Figure 15, in the second PPDU format, the fourth signal domain includes two parts: a first part and a second part. The second carrier signals of the first part and the second part originate from the first device and the third device, respectively. As shown in Figure 15, the second device uses the second carrier signal 1 from the first part and the second carrier signal 2 from the second part to send backscattered signal 1 and backscattered signal 2, respectively, for the first device to perform measurements. The second signal in the third signal domain can be used to instruct the second device to perform backscattering in the first part and the second part, respectively, to send backscattered signals. Figure 15 is only an example; the positions of the first part and the second part in the fourth signal domain can also be interchanged.

[0144] The above describes the implementation method of sending backscattered signals based on a second signal using a second device. The following describes the implementation method of sending backscattered signals spontaneously using a second device.

[0145] In some implementations, the second device receives a second carrier signal, which is used to excite the second device to transmit a backscatter signal. This second carrier signal may be transmitted, for example, by the first device and / or the third device. The second carrier signal can also be transmitted via a multi-segment PPDU. For example, in some implementations, the second carrier signal is transmitted based on a third PPDU format, wherein the third PPDU format includes a sixth signal field and a seventh signal field, the sixth signal field being used to transmit the second carrier signal and the seventh signal field being used to transmit downlink data signals transmitted by the first device.

[0146] For example, as shown in Figure 16, in the third PPDU format, the first signal field after the preamble, i.e., the sixth signal field, can typically be used to power the second device and activate its operation. Once activated, the second device can spontaneously transmit a specific backscatter signal. For example, as shown in Figure 17, after the second device is activated by the signal carried in the sixth signal field for a period of time (e.g., T0), it can autonomously transmit a backscatter signal. The first device can transmit downlink data signals in the seventh signal field following the sixth signal field, including, for example, synchronization signals, control signaling, and trigger signals associated with the downlink data signals.

[0147] In this embodiment, the backscatter signal sent by the second device for determining the backscatter mode may include one or more of the following: a sequence signal; a synchronization signal; and a reference signal. The sequence signal may, for example, be an m-sequence or a Gold sequence. Optionally, the synchronization signal may be the same as the synchronization signal associated with the uplink data signal sent by the second device based on backscatter; that is, the synchronization signal may also reuse the design of the synchronization signal sent before uplink data is sent via backscatter.

[0148] Due to the low complexity of AMP devices, they can only support simple modulation methods. Therefore, the modulation methods for the backscattered signal include one or more of the following: binary amplitude shift keying (OOK), phase shift keying (PSK), frequency shift keying (FSK), and minimum shift keying (MSK). Similarly, the encoding method for the backscattered signal is one that the AMP STA can support, such as Manchester encoding.

[0149] The first device measures the first carrier signal sent by the third device.

[0150] Referring again to Figure 9, optionally, in step 930, the third device transmits a first carrier signal; correspondingly, the first device receives the first carrier signal. The first carrier signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of the second device. That is, the first device can determine the backscattering mode of the second device not only based on the measurement results of the backscattered signal of the second device, but also based on the measurement results of the first carrier signal transmitted by the third device.

[0151] Taking a WiFi system as an example, the carrier signal from the carrier source device can directly reach the first device, interfering with the reception of the backscattered signal. The access point (AP) can measure the strength of the carrier signal to determine the strength of the interfering signal. If the location of the carrier source device is relatively fixed, the AP can save the measured carrier signal strength information, eliminating the need for frequent measurements. If the carrier source device is mobile, for example, if a STA (Stationary Access Point) provides the carrier signal, then the first device needs to control the carrier source device to send a carrier signal for measurement to obtain the latest results.

[0152] Based on the aforementioned PPDU format, the first device can directly measure the carrier signal in the carrier domain of the PPDU format, where the carrier signal in the carrier domain originates from the third device. For example, in some implementations, the first carrier signal is transmitted based on a fourth PPDU format, which includes an eighth signal domain and a ninth signal domain. The eighth signal domain is used to transmit the first carrier signal, and the ninth signal domain is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

[0153] As an example, as shown in Figure 18, the fourth PPDU format includes a preamble, an eighth signal domain, and a ninth signal domain. The first carrier signal in the eighth signal domain originates from a third device. After measuring the first carrier signal, the first device can instruct the second device to perform backscattering via trigger information in the ninth signal domain. The transmitting device for the carrier signal carried in the carrier domain used for backscattering can be determined based on the backscattering mode determined by the first device.

[0154] This application does not limit how the third device transmits the first carrier signal. However, it is understood that for the second device, the carrier signal in the fourth PPDU format is independent of which device it originates from; that is, the second device does not consider whether the received carrier signal was transmitted by the first or third device. Therefore, the second device can perform signal reception or detection based on the fourth PPDU format. However, for the first device, the first carrier signal is equivalent to an uplink signal. In other words, the first carrier signal transmitted by the carrier source device and the downlink data signal transmitted by the first device can be considered as different parts of the same PPDU, and the PPDU format can simultaneously include both uplink and downlink components.

[0155] The first device measures the backscattered signal from the second device and the first carrier signal from the third device.

[0156] The above describes the process by which a first device measures the backscattered signal of a second device, or measures the first carrier signal of a third device, to determine the backscattering mode. In this embodiment, the first device can also determine the backscattering mode by measuring both the backscattered signal and the first carrier signal of the third device.

[0157] Similarly, a multi-segment PPDU structure can also be adopted, which may include: a carrier domain for measurement, carrying a first carrier signal from a third device; and a carrier domain for generating backscattered signals, carrying carrier signals that may originate from the first device and / or the third device. For example, the PPDU format shown in Figure 19, which is similar to the second PPDU format shown in Figure 15, may also include a preamble, a signal domain for transmitting a second signal (e.g., the third signal domain shown in Figure 15), a signal domain for transmitting a carrier signal (e.g., the fourth signal domain shown in Figure 15), and a signal domain for transmitting downlink data signals (e.g., the fifth signal domain shown in Figure 15). The signal domain for transmitting the carrier signal also includes two parts, but unlike the second PPDU format, one of these two parts is used to transmit the first carrier signal sent by the third device, and the other is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the first device. In other words, the PPDU format includes a first carrier signal for the first device to perform measurements and a second carrier signal for the second device to generate a backscatter signal. The second device sends a backscatter signal based on the second carrier signal, and the first device can combine the measurement results of the backscatter signal and the measurement results of the first carrier signal to jointly determine the backscatter mode.

[0158] The third device measures the backscattered signal of the second device.

[0159] The aforementioned methods determine the backscattering mode by measuring the signal using a first device. In this embodiment, a third device can also measure the backscattering signal sent by the second device. Optionally, the backscattering mode of the second device is determined based on the measurement result of a first signal (e.g., a backscattering signal and / or a first carrier signal). This measurement result can include the measurement result obtained by the first device and / or the measurement result obtained by the third device. Specifically, the third device can receive the backscattering signal sent by the second device and send the measurement result of the backscattering signal to the first device. This measurement result is used to determine the backscattering mode. In other words, the third device measures the backscattering signal of the second device and reports the measurement result to the first device for the first device to determine the backscattering mode.

[0160] In some scenarios, it's necessary to determine the positional relationship between a second and a third device. Analysis of the link budget using the Friis formula in bi-static mode reveals that when the distance between the second and third devices is relatively short, or when the distance between them is proportional to their distance from the first device, the power of the carrier signal and the backscattered signal reaching the first device will be relatively similar. This results in a better signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) for the backscattered signal, enabling long-distance backscattering through bi-static mode. Measuring the backscattered and carrier signals separately using the first device only determines the distance between the third and first devices, and the distance between the second and first devices, but not the positional relationship between the third and second devices.

[0161] Therefore, a third device can also send corresponding PPDUs and control information (e.g., a second signal) and measure the backscattered signal of the second device to determine the positional relationship between the third device and the second device. The third device can send corresponding PPDUs and control information (e.g., a second signal) under the control of the first device and measure the backscattered signal of the second device. The third device can report the measurement results to the first device, allowing the first device to determine the backscattering mode based on the measurement results. Furthermore, when multiple third devices exist in the system, it can be determined which third device's positional relationship with the second device meets the requirements, thereby determining which third device provides the carrier signal to the second device in Bi-static mode.

[0162] The backscattering model was determined based on the measurement results.

[0163] Based on the above description, the first device can obtain the following measurement results by measuring the signal:

[0164] R1: The first device measures the intensity of the backscattered signal or the demodulation result in Mono-static mode;

[0165] R2: The first device measures the intensity or demodulation result of the backscattered signal in Bi-static mode;

[0166] R3: The first device measures the strength of the first carrier signal of the third device;

[0167] R4: The third device measures the intensity of the backscattered signal or the demodulation result in Mono-static mode.

[0168] Specifically, through R1, the first device can determine the ratio between the intensity of the interference signal and the intensity of the backscattered signal based on the transmission power of its transmitted second carrier signal and the signal strength of the second carrier signal leaking to the receiving end, thereby estimating whether the demodulation performance of the backscattered signal meets the requirements. Further, it can be determined whether the Mono-static mode can be used for the backscattered communication of the second device. Alternatively, the demodulation result of the backscattered signal can be directly used to determine whether the Mono-static mode can be used for the backscattered communication of the second device.

[0169] Using R2, the first device can directly determine whether the Bi-static mode can be used for backscatter communication of the second device based on the demodulation result of the backscatter signal. Alternatively, the first device can calculate the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) of the backscatter signal and determine whether the Bi-static mode can be used for backscatter communication of the second device based on whether the SNR meets a threshold.

[0170] Using R3, the first device can determine the strength of the first carrier signal transmitted by the third device as interference, thereby estimating the performance of backscatter communication in Bi-static mode and determining whether Bi-static mode can be used for backscatter communication of the second device. If the measured strength of the first carrier signal of the third device is greater than a certain threshold, it is determined that Bi-static mode cannot be used for backscatter communication of the second device. This is typically applicable to scenarios where the third device has a certain degree of mobility.

[0171] Through R4, the first device can obtain the positional relationship between the third device and the second device, thereby determining whether the Bi-static mode can be used for the backscatter communication of the second device. Furthermore, when multiple third devices exist in the system, it can be determined which third device's positional relationship with the second device meets the requirements, thus determining which third device provides the carrier signal in Bi-static mode.

[0172] Using R1 and R2, a backscattering mode with better performance can be determined in both Mono-static and Bi-static modes. For example, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) of the backscattered signals in the two modes can be directly compared.

[0173] By using R2 and R3, the strength of the backscattered signal in Bi-static mode and the strength of the first carrier signal (which acts as interference) can be determined. This allows us to determine the ratio between the strengths of the interference signal and the backscattered signal, and estimate whether the demodulation performance of the backscattered signal meets the requirements. Furthermore, it determines whether Bi-static mode can be used for backscatter communication of the second device. For example, continuing to refer to Figure 7, the signal power of the backscattered signal reaching the reader is -76dBm, while the signal power of the carrier source directly reaching the reader is -26dBm. Therefore, at the reader's receiving end, the interference signal is 50dB stronger than the backscattered signal, and Bi-static mode cannot be used for backscatter communication of the second device. This is only an example; in reality, since the interference signal is 50dB stronger than the backscattered signal at this time, the first device acting as the reader may not detect the power of the backscattered signal, and in this case, the power of the backscattered signal can be considered to be 0.

[0174] Using R1 and R3, the performance of backscatter communication in Mono-static and Bi-static modes can be estimated respectively, and the backscatter mode with better performance can be determined. For example, based on the intensity of the backscattered signal, the distance between the second device and the first device, and the distance between the third device and the first device, can be calculated using the Friis formula, thereby estimating the intensity of the backscattered signal in Bi-static mode. Furthermore, by estimating and comparing the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) of the backscattered signals in the two modes, the backscattering mode with better performance can be determined between Mono-static and Bi-static modes.

[0175] Using R1, R2, and R3, the performance of backscatter communication in Mono-static and Bi-static modes can be estimated respectively, and the backscatter mode with better performance can be determined in Mono-static and Bi-static modes.

[0176] Using R1 and R4, the performance of backscatter communication in Mono-static and Bi-static modes can be estimated, and the backscatter mode with better performance can be determined in Mono-static and Bi-static modes.

[0177] Specifically, the method for determining the backscattering mode based on the measurement results can be based on the specific implementation within the first device. It is understood that more measurement results can determine a more suitable backscattering mode, thereby leading to better backscattering communication performance. However, the complexity of the measurement also increases accordingly. The specific measurement method used can be pre-agreed upon (e.g., specified by a protocol) or indicated by the first device.

[0178] In some implementations, the distance between the second device and the first device is less than a first threshold, and the backscattering mode is a monostatic mode; and / or, the distance between the second device and the first device is greater than the first threshold, and the distance between the second device and the third device is less than a second threshold, and the backscattering mode is a bistatic mode.

[0179] Specifically, in backscatter communication systems, proper deployment can ensure the availability of backscatter communication for terminals at different locations within the coverage area. Analysis of the link budget using Friis's formula in Bi-static mode reveals that when the distance between the second and third devices is short, or when the distance between the second and third devices is relatively small compared to their distance from the first device, the power of the carrier signal and the backscattered signal reaching the first device will be relatively similar. Therefore, Bi-static mode is more suitable for long-distance scattering scenarios where the BD distance is short between the second and third devices. When the distance between the second and third devices is long, due to significant path attenuation, the power difference between the carrier signal and the backscattered signal reaching the first device will be large. In this case, if the distance between the second and third devices is short, Mono-static mode is more suitable for achieving short-distance scattering.

[0180] For example, Figure 20 shows a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication system network deployment. This system includes a first device, multiple second devices, and multiple third devices. The third devices are deployed at a certain distance from the first device. Second device A is closer to the first device and uses a mono-static backscattering mode. Second device B is farther from the first device, and the distance between it and its associated third devices meets certain requirements; in this case, second device B can use a bi-static backscattering mode. The backscattering mode of the second devices can be determined through measurements taken by the first device.

[0181] Since Mono-static and Bi-static modes have different coverage areas and deployment scenarios, the backscatter communication system supports both backscatter modes, which can improve the coverage area of ​​backscatter communication. Through the technical solution of this application embodiment, a suitable backscatter mode can be selected between Mono-static and Bi-static modes for backscatter communication of the target terminal (e.g., a second device), thereby improving the performance of backscatter communication, avoiding the limitations of different backscatter modes, preventing the inability of one backscatter communication mode to work, and ensuring the availability of the backscatter communication system. In this backscatter communication system, through reasonable deployment, the availability of backscatter communication for the terminal at different locations within the coverage area can be guaranteed.

[0182] The method embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to Figures 1 to 20. The apparatus embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 21 to 24. It should be understood that the descriptions of the method embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the apparatus embodiments; therefore, any parts not described in detail can be referred to the preceding method embodiments.

[0183] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 2100 shown in Figure 21 is, for example, the first device described above, including a transceiver unit 2110. The transceiver unit 2110 is used to receive a first signal, wherein the first signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of the second device.

[0184] In some implementations, the backscattering mode includes a single static mode or a double static mode.

[0185] In some implementations, the first signal includes: a backscattered signal transmitted by the second device; and / or a first carrier signal transmitted by the third device; wherein a second carrier signal associated with the backscattered signal is transmitted by the first device and / or the third device.

[0186] In some implementations, the transceiver unit 2110 is further configured to: send a second signal to the second device, the second signal being used to instruct the second device to send the backscatter signal.

[0187] In some implementations, the second signal is transmitted based on a first PPDU format; wherein the first PPDU format includes a first signal field and a second signal field, the first signal field being used to transmit the second signal, and the second signal field being used to transmit the second carrier signal.

[0188] In some implementations, the transceiver unit 2110 is further configured to: send a trigger frame to the second device, the trigger frame being used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal, the uplink data signal being sent based on the backscatter mode.

[0189] In some implementations, the second signal is transmitted based on a second PPDU format; wherein the second PPDU format includes a third signal field, a fourth signal field, and a fifth signal field, the third signal field being used to transmit the second signal, the fourth signal field being used to transmit the second carrier signal, and the fifth signal field being used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

[0190] In some implementations, the fourth signal domain includes a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the first device, and the second part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the third device.

[0191] In some implementations, the second carrier signal is used to excite the second device to send the backscatter signal.

[0192] In some implementations, the second carrier signal is transmitted based on a third PPDU format; wherein the third PPDU format includes a sixth signal field and a seventh signal field, the sixth signal field being used to transmit the second carrier signal, and the seventh signal field being used to transmit downlink data signals sent by the first device.

[0193] In some implementations, the backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: a sequence signal; a synchronization signal; and a reference signal.

[0194] In some implementations, the synchronization signal is the same as the synchronization signal associated with the uplink data signal transmitted by the second device based on backscatter.

[0195] In some implementations, the modulation method of the backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: OOK; or PSK; or FSK; or MSK.

[0196] In some implementations, the first carrier signal is transmitted based on a fourth PPDU format; wherein the fourth PPDU format includes an eighth signal field and a ninth signal field, the eighth signal field is used to transmit the first carrier signal, and the ninth signal field is used to transmit downlink data signals sent by the first device.

[0197] In some implementations, the downlink data signal includes a trigger signal for triggering the second device to send an uplink data signal based on the backscatter mode.

[0198] In some implementations, the downlink data signal further includes: a synchronization signal associated with the downlink data signal; and / or, control signaling associated with the downlink data signal.

[0199] In some implementations, the backscattering mode is determined based on the measurement result of the first signal, wherein the measurement result of the backscattering signal includes: the measurement result obtained by the first device measuring the backscattering signal; and / or, the measurement result obtained by the third device measuring the backscattering signal.

[0200] In some implementations, the distance between the second device and the first device is less than a first threshold, and the backscattering mode is a single static mode; and / or, the distance between the second device and the first device is greater than the first threshold, and the distance between the second device and the third device is less than a second threshold, and the backscattering mode is a dual static mode.

[0201] In some implementations, the first device is an AP, the second device is a STA, and the third device is a device for providing a carrier signal to the second device.

[0202] In some implementations, the second device is an AMP device.

[0203] It is understood that the transceiver unit 2110 may be, for example, a transceiver 2430. Additionally, the communication device 2100 may optionally include a processor 2410 and a memory 2420, as detailed in Figure 24.

[0204] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 2200 shown in Figure 22 is, for example, the first device described above, including a transceiver unit 2210. The transceiver unit 2210 is used to transmit a backscatter signal, wherein the backscatter signal is used to determine the backscatter mode of the second device.

[0205] In some implementations, the backscattering mode includes a single static mode or a double static mode.

[0206] In some implementations, the transceiver unit 2210 is further configured to: receive a second signal, the second signal being used to instruct the second device to transmit the backscatter signal.

[0207] In some implementations, the second signal is transmitted based on a first PPDU format; wherein the first PPDU format includes a first signal domain and a second signal domain, the first signal domain being used to transmit the second signal, and the second signal domain being used to transmit a second carrier signal associated with the backscattered signal.

[0208] In some implementations, the transceiver unit 2210 is further configured to: receive a trigger frame sent by a first device, the trigger frame being used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal, the uplink data signal being sent based on the backscatter mode.

[0209] In some implementations, the second signal is transmitted based on a second PPDU format; wherein the second PPDU format includes a third signal field, a fourth signal field, and a fifth signal field, the third signal field being used to transmit the second signal, the fourth signal field being used to transmit a second carrier signal associated with the backscattered signal, and the fifth signal field being used to transmit downlink data signals sent by the first device.

[0210] In some implementations, the fourth signal domain includes a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the first device, and the second part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the third device.

[0211] In some implementations, the transceiver unit 2210 is further configured to: receive a second carrier signal, the second carrier signal being used to excite the second device to transmit the backscatter signal, the second carrier signal being transmitted by the first device and / or the third device.

[0212] In some implementations, the second carrier signal is transmitted based on a third PPDU format; wherein the third PPDU format includes a sixth signal field and a seventh signal field, the sixth signal field being used to transmit the second carrier signal, and the seventh signal field being used to transmit downlink data signals sent by the first device.

[0213] In some implementations, the backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: a sequence signal; a synchronization signal; and a reference signal.

[0214] In some implementations, the synchronization signal is the same as the synchronization signal associated with the uplink data signal transmitted by the second device based on backscatter.

[0215] In some implementations, the modulation method of the backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: OOK; or PSK; or FSK; or MSK.

[0216] In some implementations, the downlink data signal includes a trigger signal for triggering the second device to send an uplink data signal based on the backscatter mode.

[0217] In some implementations, the downlink data signal further includes: a synchronization signal associated with the downlink data signal; and / or, control signaling associated with the downlink data signal.

[0218] In some implementations, the backscattering mode is determined based on the measurement results of the backscattering signal, wherein the measurement results of the backscattering signal include: a measurement result obtained by a first device measuring the backscattering signal; and / or, a measurement result obtained by a third device measuring the backscattering signal.

[0219] In some implementations, the distance between the second device and the first device is less than a first threshold, and the backscattering mode is a single static mode; and / or, the distance between the second device and the first device is greater than the first threshold, and the distance between the second device and the third device is less than a second threshold, and the backscattering mode is a dual static mode.

[0220] In some implementations, the first device is an AP, the second device is a STA, and the third device is a device for providing a carrier signal to the second device.

[0221] In some implementations, the second device is an AMP device.

[0222] It is understood that the transceiver unit 2210 may be, for example, a transceiver 2430. Additionally, the communication device 2200 may optionally include a processor 2410 and a memory 2420, as detailed in Figure 24.

[0223] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 2300 shown in Figure 23 is, for example, the first device described above, including a transceiver unit 2310. The transceiver unit 2310 is used to send a first carrier signal to the first device, wherein the measurement result of the first carrier signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of the second device.

[0224] In some implementations, the backscattering mode includes a single static mode or a double static mode.

[0225] In some implementations, the first carrier signal is transmitted based on a fourth PPDU format; wherein the fourth PPDU format includes an eighth signal field and a ninth signal field, the eighth signal field is used to transmit the first carrier signal, and the ninth signal field is used to transmit downlink data signals sent by the first device.

[0226] In some implementations, the downlink data signal includes a trigger signal for triggering the second device to send an uplink data signal based on the backscatter mode.

[0227] In some implementations, the downlink data signal further includes: a synchronization signal associated with the trigger signal; and / or, control signaling associated with the trigger signal.

[0228] In some implementations, the transceiver unit 2310 is further configured to: receive a backscatter signal sent by the second device; and send a measurement result of the backscatter signal to the first device, wherein the measurement result of the backscatter signal is used to determine the backscatter mode.

[0229] In some implementations, the distance between the second device and the first device is less than a first threshold, and the backscattering mode is a single static mode; and / or, the distance between the second device and the first device is greater than the first threshold, and the distance between the second device and the third device is less than a second threshold, and the backscattering mode is a dual static mode.

[0230] In some implementations, the first device is an access point (AP), the second device is a station (STA), and the third device is a device for providing carrier signals to the second device.

[0231] In some implementations, the second device is an AMP device.

[0232] It is understood that the transceiver unit 2310 may be, for example, a transceiver 2430. Additionally, the communication device 2300 may optionally include a processor 2410 and a memory 2420, as detailed in Figure 24.

[0233] Figure 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of this application. The dashed lines in Figure 24 indicate that the unit or module is optional. The apparatus 2400 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. The apparatus 2400 may be, for example, a chip or a communication device.

[0234] Apparatus 2400 may include one or more processors 2410. Processor 2410 may support apparatus 2400 in implementing the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments. Processor 2410 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, processor 2410 may be a central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, processor 2410 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. General-purpose processors may be microprocessors or any conventional processor.

[0235] The apparatus 2400 may further include one or more memories 2420. The memories 2420 store programs that can be executed by the processor 2410, causing the processor 2410 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The memories 2420 may be independent of the processor 2410, or they may be integrated into the processor 2410.

[0236] The device 2400 may also include a transceiver 2430. The processor 2410 can communicate with other devices or chips via the transceiver 2430. For example, the processor 2410 can send and receive data with other devices or chips via the transceiver 2430.

[0237] This application also provides a communication system. The communication system includes the first device, second device, and third device described above. In some implementations, the system further includes other devices that interact with the first device, second device, and third device.

[0238] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a program. This computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the first device, second device, or third device provided in this application, and the program causes a computer to perform the methods executed by the first device, second device, or third device in various embodiments of this application.

[0239] This application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a program. The computer program product can be applied to the first device, second device, or third device provided in the embodiments of this application, and the program causes a computer to perform the methods executed by the first device, second device, or third device in the various embodiments of this application.

[0240] This application also provides a computer program. This computer program can be applied to the first device, second device, or third device provided in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program causes the computer to perform the methods executed by the first device, second device, or third device in various embodiments of this application.

[0241] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of this application can be used interchangeably. Furthermore, the terminology used in this application is only for explaining specific embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application. The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0242] In the embodiments of this application, the term "instruction" can be a direct instruction, an indirect instruction, or an indication of a relationship. For example, A instructing B can mean that A directly instructs B, such as B being able to obtain information through A; it can also mean that A indirectly instructs B, such as A instructing C, so B can obtain information through C; or it can mean that there is a relationship between A and B.

[0243] In the embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined solely based on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0244] In the embodiments of this application, the term "correspondence" can indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between two things, or an association between two things, or a relationship such as instruction and being instructed, configuration and being configured.

[0245] In this application embodiment, "predefined" or "preconfigured" can be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device (e.g., including a first device, a second device, or a third device). This application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, predefined can refer to what is defined in the protocol.

[0246] In this application embodiment, the "protocol" may refer to a standard protocol in the field of communication, such as the LTE protocol, the NR protocol, and related protocols applied to future communication systems. This application does not limit this.

[0247] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0248] In the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0249] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0250] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0251] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0252] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can read or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

[0253] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication, characterized in that, include: The first device receives a first signal, wherein the first signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of the second device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backscattering mode includes a single static mode or a dual static mode.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first signal includes: The backscattered signal sent by the second device; and / or, The first carrier signal sent by the third device; The second carrier signal associated with the backscattered signal is transmitted by the first device and / or the third device.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first device sends a second signal to the second device, the second signal being used to instruct the second device to send the backscatter signal.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second signal is transmitted based on the first physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) format; The first PPDU format includes a first signal field and a second signal field, wherein the first signal field is used to transmit the second signal and the second signal field is used to transmit the second carrier signal.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first device sends a trigger frame to the second device, the trigger frame being used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal, the uplink data signal being sent based on the backscatter mode.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second signal is transmitted based on the second PPDU format; The second PPDU format includes a third signal field, a fourth signal field, and a fifth signal field. The third signal field is used to transmit the second signal, the fourth signal field is used to transmit the second carrier signal, and the fifth signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The fourth signal domain includes a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the first device, and the second part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the third device.

9. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second carrier signal is used to excite the second device to send the backscatter signal.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second carrier signal is transmitted based on the third PPDU format; The third PPDU format includes a sixth signal field and a seventh signal field. The sixth signal field is used to transmit the second carrier signal, and the seventh signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

11. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that, The backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: sequence signal; Synchronization signal; Reference signal.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The synchronization signal is the same as the synchronization signal associated with the uplink data signal transmitted by the second device based on backscatter.

13. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that, The modulation method of the backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: Binary amplitude keying OOK; or, Phase Shift Keying (PSK); or, Frequency Shift Keying (FSK); or, Minimum Frequency Shift Keying (MSK) 14. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that, The first carrier signal is transmitted based on the fourth PPDU format; The fourth PPDU format includes an eighth signal field and a ninth signal field. The eighth signal field is used to transmit the first carrier signal, and the ninth signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

15. The method according to any one of claims 7, 10, 12, and 14, characterized in that, The downlink data signal includes a trigger signal, which is used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal based on the backscatter mode.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The downlink data signal also includes: Synchronization signals associated with the downlink data signals; and / or, Control signaling associated with the downlink data signal.

17. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 16, characterized in that, The backscattering mode is determined based on the measurement results of the first signal, wherein the measurement results of the backscattered signal include: The measurement result obtained by the first device from the backscattered signal; and / or, The third device measures the backscattered signal to obtain the measurement result.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, The distance between the second device and the first device is less than a first threshold, and the backscattering mode is a single static mode; And / or, The distance between the second device and the first device is greater than the first threshold, and the distance between the second device and the third device is less than the second threshold. The backscattering mode is a bistatic mode.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, The first device is an access point (AP), the second device is a site (STA), and the third device is a device used to provide carrier signals to the second device.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that, The second device is an environmental power supply AMP device.

21. A method for wireless communication, characterized in that, include: The second device sends a backscatter signal, wherein the backscatter signal is used to determine the backscatter mode of the second device.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The backscattering mode includes a single static mode or a dual static mode.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second device receives a second signal, which instructs the second device to send the backscatter signal.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The second signal is transmitted based on the first physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) format; The first PPDU format includes a first signal domain and a second signal domain. The first signal domain is used to transmit the second signal, and the second signal domain is used to transmit a second carrier signal associated with the backscattered signal.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second device receives a trigger frame sent by the first device. The trigger frame is used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal, which is sent based on the backscatter mode.

26. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The second signal is transmitted based on the second PPDU format; The second PPDU format includes a third signal field, a fourth signal field, and a fifth signal field. The third signal field is used to transmit the second signal, the fourth signal field is used to transmit a second carrier signal associated with the backscattered signal, and the fifth signal field is used to transmit downlink data signals sent by the first device.

27. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that, The fourth signal domain includes a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the first device, and the second part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the third device.

28. The method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second device receives a second carrier signal, which is used to excite the second device to send the backscatter signal. The second carrier signal is sent by the first device and / or the third device.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that, The second carrier signal is transmitted based on the third PPDU format; The third PPDU format includes a sixth signal field and a seventh signal field. The sixth signal field is used to transmit the second carrier signal, and the seventh signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

30. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 29, characterized in that, The backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: sequence signal; Synchronization signal; Reference signal.

31. The method according to claim 30, characterized in that, The synchronization signal is the same as the synchronization signal associated with the uplink data signal transmitted by the second device based on backscatter.

32. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 31, characterized in that, The modulation method of the backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: Binary amplitude keying OOK; or, Phase Shift Keying (PSK); or, Frequency Shift Keying (FSK); or, Minimum Frequency Shift Keying (MSK) 33. The method according to any one of claims 26, 29, and 31, characterized in that, The downlink data signal includes a trigger signal, which is used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal based on the backscatter mode.

34. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that, The downlink data signal also includes: Synchronization signals associated with the downlink data signals; and / or, Control signaling associated with the downlink data signal.

35. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 34, characterized in that, The backscattering mode is determined based on the measurement results of the backscattered signal, wherein the measurement results of the backscattered signal include: The measurement result obtained by the first device from the backscattered signal; and / or, The measurement result is obtained by measuring the backscattered signal using a third device.

36. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 35, characterized in that, The distance between the second device and the first device is less than a first threshold, and the backscattering mode is a single static mode; and / or, The distance between the second device and the first device is greater than the first threshold, and the distance between the second device and the third device is less than the second threshold. The backscattering mode is a bistatic mode.

37. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 36, characterized in that, The first device is an access point (AP), the second device is a station (STA), and the third device is a device used to provide carrier signals to the second device.

38. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 37, characterized in that, The second device is an environmental power supply AMP device.

39. A method for wireless communication, characterized in that, include: The third device sends a first carrier signal to the first device, wherein the measurement result of the first carrier signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of the second device.

40. The method according to claim 39, characterized in that, The backscattering mode includes a single static mode or a dual static mode.

41. The method according to claim 39 or 40, characterized in that, The first carrier signal is transmitted based on the fourth physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) format; The fourth PPDU format includes an eighth signal field and a ninth signal field. The eighth signal field is used to transmit the first carrier signal, and the ninth signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

42. The method according to claim 41, characterized in that, The downlink data signal includes a trigger signal, which is used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal based on the backscatter mode.

43. The method according to claim 42, characterized in that, The downlink data signal also includes: A synchronization signal associated with the trigger signal; and / or, Control signaling associated with the trigger signal.

44. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 43, characterized in that, The method further includes: The third device receives the backscattered signal sent by the second device; The third device sends the measurement result of the backscatter signal to the first device, and the measurement result of the backscatter signal is used to determine the backscatter mode.

45. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 44, characterized in that, The distance between the second device and the first device is less than a first threshold, and the backscattering mode is a single static mode; And / or, The distance between the second device and the first device is greater than the first threshold, and the distance between the second device and the third device is less than the second threshold. The backscattering mode is a bistatic mode.

46. ​​The method according to any one of claims 39 to 45, characterized in that, The first device is an access point (AP), the second device is a site (STA), and the third device is a device used to provide carrier signals to the second device.

47. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 45, characterized in that, The second device is an environmental power supply AMP device.

48. A wireless communication device, characterized in that, The communication device is a first device, comprising: A transceiver unit is used to receive a first signal, wherein the first signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of the second device.

49. The communication device according to claim 48, characterized in that, The backscattering mode includes a single static mode or a dual static mode.

50. The communication device according to claim 48 or 49, characterized in that, The first signal includes: The backscattered signal sent by the second device; and / or, The first carrier signal sent by the third device; The second carrier signal associated with the backscattered signal is transmitted by the first device and / or the third device.

51. The communication device according to claim 50, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: A second signal is sent to the second device, the second signal being used to instruct the second device to send the backscatter signal.

52. The communication device according to claim 51, characterized in that, The second signal is transmitted based on the first physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) format; The first PPDU format includes a first signal field and a second signal field, wherein the first signal field is used to transmit the second signal and the second signal field is used to transmit the second carrier signal.

53. The communication device according to claim 52, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: A trigger frame is sent to the second device, the trigger frame being used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal, the uplink data signal being sent based on the backscatter mode.

54. The communication device according to claim 51, characterized in that, The second signal is transmitted based on the second PPDU format; The second PPDU format includes a third signal field, a fourth signal field, and a fifth signal field. The third signal field is used to transmit the second signal, the fourth signal field is used to transmit the second carrier signal, and the fifth signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

55. The communication device according to any one of claims 52 to 54, characterized in that, The fourth signal domain includes a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the first device, and the second part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the third device.

56. The communication device according to claim 50, characterized in that, The second carrier signal is used to excite the second device to send the backscatter signal.

57. The communication device according to claim 56, characterized in that, The second carrier signal is transmitted based on the third PPDU format; The third PPDU format includes a sixth signal field and a seventh signal field. The sixth signal field is used to transmit the second carrier signal, and the seventh signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

58. The communication device according to any one of claims 50 to 57, characterized in that, The backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: sequence signal; Synchronization signal; Reference signal.

59. The communication device according to claim 58, characterized in that, The synchronization signal is the same as the synchronization signal associated with the uplink data signal transmitted by the second device based on backscatter.

60. The communication device according to any one of claims 50 to 59, characterized in that, The modulation method of the backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: Binary amplitude keying OOK; or, Phase Shift Keying (PSK); or, Frequency Shift Keying (FSK); or, Minimum Frequency Shift Keying (MSK) 61. The communication device according to any one of claims 50 to 60, characterized in that, The first carrier signal is transmitted based on the fourth PPDU format; The fourth PPDU format includes an eighth signal field and a ninth signal field. The eighth signal field is used to transmit the first carrier signal, and the ninth signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

62. The communication device according to any one of claims 54, 57, 59, and 61, characterized in that, The downlink data signal includes a trigger signal, which is used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal based on the backscatter mode.

63. The communication device according to claim 62, characterized in that, The downlink data signal also includes: Synchronization signals associated with the downlink data signals; and / or, Control signaling associated with the downlink data signal.

64. The communication device according to any one of claims 50 to 63, characterized in that, The backscattering mode is determined based on the measurement results of the first signal, wherein the measurement results of the backscattered signal include: The measurement result obtained by the first device from the backscattered signal; and / or, The third device measures the backscattered signal to obtain the measurement result.

65. The communication device according to any one of claims 48 to 64, characterized in that, The distance between the second device and the first device is less than a first threshold, and the backscattering mode is a single static mode; And / or, The distance between the second device and the first device is greater than the first threshold, and the distance between the second device and the third device is less than the second threshold. The backscattering mode is a bistatic mode.

66. The communication device according to any one of claims 48 to 65, characterized in that, The first device is an access point (AP), the second device is a site (STA), and the third device is a device used to provide carrier signals to the second device.

67. The communication device according to any one of claims 48 to 66, characterized in that, The second device is an environmental power supply AMP device.

68. A wireless communication device, characterized in that, The communication device is a second device, including: A transceiver unit is used to transmit a backscatter signal, wherein the backscatter signal is used to determine the backscatter mode of the second device.

69. The communication device according to claim 68, characterized in that, The backscattering mode includes a single static mode or a dual static mode.

70. The communication device according to claim 68 or 69, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: A second signal is received, which instructs the second device to send the backscatter signal.

71. The communication device according to claim 70, characterized in that, The second signal is transmitted based on the first physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) format; The first PPDU format includes a first signal domain and a second signal domain. The first signal domain is used to transmit the second signal, and the second signal domain is used to transmit a second carrier signal associated with the backscattered signal.

72. The communication device according to claim 71, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: The device receives a trigger frame sent by a first device, the trigger frame being used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal, the uplink data signal being sent based on the backscatter mode.

73. The communication device according to claim 70, characterized in that, The second signal is transmitted based on the second PPDU format; The second PPDU format includes a third signal field, a fourth signal field, and a fifth signal field. The third signal field is used to transmit the second signal, the fourth signal field is used to transmit a second carrier signal associated with the backscattered signal, and the fifth signal field is used to transmit downlink data signals sent by the first device.

74. The communication device according to any one of claims 71 to 73, characterized in that, The fourth signal domain includes a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the first device, and the second part is used to transmit the second carrier signal sent by the third device.

75. The communication device according to claim 68 or 69, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: A second carrier signal is received, which is used to excite the second device to send the backscatter signal. The second carrier signal is sent by the first device and / or the third device.

76. The communication device according to claim 75, characterized in that, The second carrier signal is transmitted based on the third PPDU format; The third PPDU format includes a sixth signal field and a seventh signal field. The sixth signal field is used to transmit the second carrier signal, and the seventh signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

77. The communication device according to any one of claims 71 to 76, characterized in that, The backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: sequence signal; Synchronization signal; Reference signal.

78. The communication device according to claim 77, characterized in that, The synchronization signal is the same as the synchronization signal associated with the uplink data signal transmitted by the second device based on backscatter.

79. The communication device according to any one of claims 68 to 78, characterized in that, The modulation method of the backscattered signal includes one or more of the following: Binary amplitude keying OOK; or, Phase Shift Keying (PSK); or, Frequency Shift Keying (FSK); or, Minimum Frequency Shift Keying (MSK) 80. The communication device according to any one of claims 73, 76, and 78, characterized in that, The downlink data signal includes a trigger signal, which is used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal based on the backscatter mode.

81. The communication device according to claim 80, characterized in that, The downlink data signal also includes: Synchronization signals associated with the downlink data signals; and / or, Control signaling associated with the downlink data signal.

82. The communication device according to any one of claims 68 to 81, characterized in that, The backscattering mode is determined based on the measurement results of the backscattered signal, wherein the measurement results of the backscattered signal include: The measurement result obtained by the first device from the backscattered signal; and / or, The measurement result is obtained by measuring the backscattered signal using a third device.

83. The communication device according to any one of claims 68 to 82, characterized in that, The distance between the second device and the first device is less than a first threshold, and the backscattering mode is a single static mode; and / or, The distance between the second device and the first device is greater than the first threshold, and the distance between the second device and the third device is less than the second threshold. The backscattering mode is a bistatic mode.

84. The communication device according to any one of claims 68 to 83, characterized in that, The first device is an access point (AP), the second device is a station (STA), and the third device is a device used to provide carrier signals to the second device.

85. The communication device according to any one of claims 68 to 84, characterized in that, The second device is an environmental power supply AMP device.

86. A wireless communication device, characterized in that, The communication device is a third device, including: A transceiver unit is used to send a first carrier signal to a first device, wherein the measurement result of the first carrier signal is used to determine the backscattering mode of the second device.

87. The communication device according to claim 86, characterized in that, The backscattering mode includes a single static mode or a dual static mode.

88. The communication device according to claim 86 or 87, characterized in that, The first carrier signal is transmitted based on the fourth physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) format; The fourth PPDU format includes an eighth signal field and a ninth signal field. The eighth signal field is used to transmit the first carrier signal, and the ninth signal field is used to transmit the downlink data signal sent by the first device.

89. The communication device according to claim 88, characterized in that, The downlink data signal includes a trigger signal, which is used to trigger the second device to send an uplink data signal based on the backscatter mode.

90. The communication device according to claim 89, characterized in that, The downlink data signal also includes: A synchronization signal associated with the trigger signal; and / or, Control signaling associated with the trigger signal.

91. The communication device according to any one of claims 86 to 90, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: Receive the backscattered signal sent by the second device; The measurement result of the backscatter signal is sent to the first device, and the measurement result of the backscatter signal is used to determine the backscatter mode.

92. The communication device according to any one of claims 86 to 91, characterized in that, The distance between the second device and the first device is less than a first threshold, and the backscattering mode is a single static mode; And / or, The distance between the second device and the first device is greater than the first threshold, and the distance between the second device and the third device is less than the second threshold. The backscattering mode is a bistatic mode.

93. The communication device according to any one of claims 86 to 92, characterized in that, The first device is an access point (AP), the second device is a site (STA), and the third device is a device used to provide carrier signals to the second device.

94. The communication device according to any one of claims 86 to 93, characterized in that, The second device is an environmental power supply AMP device.

95. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a transceiver, a memory, and a processor. The memory stores a program, and the processor invokes the program in the memory and controls the transceiver to receive or transmit signals so that the communication device performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

96. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a transceiver, a memory, and a processor. The memory stores a program, and the processor invokes the program in the memory and controls the transceiver to receive or transmit signals so that the communication device performs the method according to any one of claims 21 to 38.

97. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a transceiver, a memory, and a processor. The memory stores a program, and the processor invokes the program in the memory and controls the transceiver to receive or transmit signals so that the communication device performs the method according to any one of claims 39 to 47.

98. An apparatus, characterized in that, Includes a processor for calling a program from memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 47.

99. A chip, characterized in that, Includes a processor for calling a program from memory, causing a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 47.

100. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It contains a program that causes a computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 47.

101. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a program that causes a computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 47.

102. A computer program, characterized in that, The computer program causes the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 47.

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