Insulating flame-retardant automatically fire-extinguishing patch and preparation method therefor

Abstract

The present invention relates to an insulating flame-retardant automatically fire-extinguishing patch and a preparation method therefor. The insulating flame-retardant fire-extinguishing patch comprises a bottom film, an adhesive layer and an insulating flame-retardant layer, wherein the insulating flame-retardant layer comprises: 20-60 parts of perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules, 20-30 parts of polydimethylsiloxane, 0.1-5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 0.1-5 parts of triphenyl phosphate, 0.5-5 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.1-5 parts of tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate, 0.2-5 parts of tris(2,3-dichloropropyl)phosphate, 0.2-5 parts of a tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5-3 parts of antimony trioxide, 0.1-5 parts of a borate, 0.1-5 parts of dibromochloromethane, and 0.1-5 parts of trichlorobromomethane. The insulating flame-retardant fire-extinguishing patch of the present invention is easy to install, does not require maintenance, actively extinguishes a fire in the incipient stage, can achieve the effect of repeated fire extinguishing and effectively prevent reignition and fire expansion, and is safe, green and environmentally friendly.

Description

Insulating flame-retardant automatic fire extinguishing patch and its preparation method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical fire extinguishing technology, specifically to an insulating and flame-retardant automatic fire extinguishing patch and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing traditional fire extinguishing products rely on manual operation, especially during a fire, requiring human intervention to activate the extinguishing system. However, when a fire occurs in a confined or narrow space, these areas often lack effective monitoring equipment, making it difficult for people to detect the fire in the first instance. This leads to the rapid spread of the fire, resulting in irreparable economic losses and safety hazards.

[0003] In recent years, microencapsulated fire extinguishing agents have been gradually introduced into the fire protection field. This technology encapsulates the extinguishing agent within microcapsules, which automatically release the agent upon contact with high temperatures or flames, rapidly suppressing fires in their early stages without requiring manual intervention. Therefore, it demonstrates significant advantages in improving fire extinguishing efficiency and reducing extinguishing agent waste, making it particularly suitable for automatic fire suppression systems. However, despite the great potential of microencapsulated fire extinguishing technology, existing products still require further optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an insulating, flame-retardant, automatic fire extinguishing patch and its preparation method.

[0005] This invention first provides an insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material, comprising, by weight:

[0006] 20-60 parts of perfluoro2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules

[0007] Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) 20-30 parts,

[0008] Magnesium hydroxide 0.1-5 parts,

[0009] Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) 0.1-5 parts,

[0010] Tributyl phosphate (TBP) 0.5-5 parts,

[0011] Tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) 0.1-5 parts,

[0012] Tris(2,3-dichloropropyl)phosphate (TDCPP) 0.2-5 parts,

[0013] 0.2-5 parts of tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin (TBBPA-EP).

[0014] 0.5-3 parts of antimony trioxide

[0015] 0.1-5 parts of borate,

[0016] 0.1-5 parts of dichlorobromomethane,

[0017] 0.1-5 parts of trichlorobromomethane.

[0018] Preferably, the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material comprises, by weight:

[0019] 50 portions of perfluoro2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules

[0020] 25 parts of polydimethylsiloxane

[0021] 3 parts magnesium hydroxide

[0022] Two parts of triphenyl phosphate,

[0023] 3 parts of tributyl phosphate

[0024] Two parts of tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate,

[0025] 1.5 parts of tris(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate,

[0026] 2.5 parts of tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin,

[0027] 1 part antimony trioxide

[0028] 2 parts of borate,

[0029] 2.5 parts of dichlorobromomethane

[0030] Two parts of trichlorobromomethane.

[0031] Existing perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules (also known as perfluorohexanone microcapsules) rupture upon contact with a fire source, releasing perfluorohexanone and rapidly extinguishing the flames. However, the inventors discovered that perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules, or fire extinguishing patches made from this material, fail to effectively extinguish their own flames, sometimes even resulting in accidental fires. Furthermore, these fire extinguishing patches are prone to gas leakage in high-humidity environments (such as during the rainy season), leading to product failure.

[0032] To address this issue, the inventors discovered that adding polydimethylsiloxane effectively improves its flame-retardant properties. While other types of silicone oils can mitigate the aforementioned "ignition" problem to some extent, they cannot bind well with perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules and may damage the microcapsule's outer shell structure, thus limiting their applications. Polydimethylsiloxane, while improving flame-retardant properties, also maintains the structural integrity of the microcapsules, thereby better meeting practical application requirements.

[0033] Other components of the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material of the present invention are mainly used as flame retardants or flame retardant additives to further improve the flame retardant performance of the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material.

[0034] In this invention, perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules are a novel, safe, and environmentally friendly fire extinguishing material. They encapsulate perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent within a flame-retardant polymer shell, forming a highly efficient fire extinguishing system. They can be prepared using existing methods, and this invention does not impose any particular limitations.

[0035] In the formulation of this invention, in addition to the above-mentioned functions, polydimethylsiloxane can also provide good flexibility, resistance to high and low temperatures, hydrophobicity and electrical insulation.

[0036] Magnesium hydroxide is mainly used as an inorganic flame retardant. It can decompose and release water at high temperatures, thus playing a role in flame retardancy and heat absorption.

[0037] Triphenyl phosphate is mainly used as a flame retardant plasticizer, providing additional flame retardant properties and enhancing the processability of materials.

[0038] Tributyl phosphate, as another flame-retardant plasticizer, helps improve the flexibility and fire resistance of materials.

[0039] Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, as a plasticizer and flame retardant, helps to improve the fluidity and flame retardant effect of materials.

[0040] Tris(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate and tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin further enhance flame retardant properties.

[0041] Antimony trioxide is used as a synergist in halogenated flame retardants to enhance the flame retardant effect of materials.

[0042] Borates have flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing properties, helping to reduce smoke generation during fires.

[0043] Dichlorobromomethane, as a flame retardant, provides halogenated flame retardant effects.

[0044] Trichlorobromomethane, as a halogenated flame retardant, enhances flame retardant properties and inhibits flame spread.

[0045] The combination of the above ingredients provides strong flame retardant properties while maintaining the material's processability, flexibility, and durability.

[0046] In this invention, borates include boric acid (H3BO3), borax (sodium borate, Na2B4O7·10H2O), etc.

[0047] Depending on the requirements, the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material of the present invention may also include pigments.

[0048] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material, which includes mixing the components according to the formula to obtain the material.

[0049] The present invention also provides an insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch, comprising a base film, an adhesive layer and an insulating flame-retardant layer connected in sequence; the insulating flame-retardant layer is made of the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material.

[0050] This invention also provides a method for preparing the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch, comprising:

[0051] The components of the insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material are mixed according to the formula to form an insulating and flame-retardant layer.

[0052] Apply adhesive to one side of the insulating and flame-retardant layer to form an adhesive layer;

[0053] A release film is attached to the adhesive layer as a base film.

[0054] Typically, an insulating and flame-retardant layer can be formed by coating. After the components of the insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material are mixed according to the formula, it becomes a thick, semi-solid substance, which is then coated to form an insulating and flame-retardant layer. After it dries, adhesive is applied to one side as an adhesive layer, and then a release film (or strong double-sided adhesive tape) is applied as a base film.

[0055] Typically, one 10cm x 10cm insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch can be used per 10-12 cubic decimeters of space. In practical use, the patch can be affixed to the object requiring protection, such as electrical boxes, chassis, and cabinets—areas prone to high temperatures or ignition points. Its fire-extinguishing effect is particularly significant in enclosed spaces. When the temperature of equipment such as electrical boxes, chassis, or cabinets reaches a certain level or a fire occurs, the patch rapidly releases its internal composite chemical substances, which act as flame retardants, isolate oxygen, and lower the temperature, thus quickly extinguishing the fire and eliminating potential fire hazards in their infancy. This fire extinguishing patch not only effectively cools, retards, and extinguishes fires, but also prevents reignition, avoiding greater losses. Furthermore, it has the ability to extinguish fires multiple times, continuing to function even in the event of reignition, minimizing further damage.

[0056] The main mechanism of the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch described in this invention is as follows:

[0057] When the internal temperature of a confined environment reaches or exceeds 125℃, the insulating flame-retardant layer undergoes a strong endothermic reaction at high temperatures. Upon heating, the insulating flame-retardant layer decomposes to release non-combustible gases, diluting the flammable gases produced by the decomposition of combustible materials and reducing their concentration below the lower flammability limit. Simultaneously, the released non-combustible gases also dilute the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone, effectively preventing further combustion and achieving a flame-retardant effect. Furthermore, by absorbing some of the heat released during combustion, the insulating flame-retardant layer lowers the surface temperature of the combustible material, thereby effectively inhibiting the generation of flammable gases and preventing the spread of fire. At the same time, the insulating flame-retardant layer also stabilizes the foam covering layer, providing oxygen isolation and heat insulation, preventing the outward diffusion of flammable gases. The composite chemical substances released by the insulating flame-retardant layer further isolate oxygen and lower the temperature, rapidly extinguishing the fire. This eliminates potential fire hazards in their early stages, achieving multiple effects of cooling, flame retardancy, fire extinguishing, and preventing reignition, thus avoiding greater losses.

[0058] In some embodiments, the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch of the present invention has a drug loading of ≥60%, automatically responds within 5 seconds, and achieves active fire extinguishing effect in about 15 seconds. Under normal operating conditions: -10℃ to 90℃, ambient humidity: HR < 85%, response temperature: 110±10℃. It actively detects and automatically activates precise fire extinguishing when the ambient temperature reaches 105℃ or an open flame is present. Recommended working distance: 5-200mm; insulation: strong; resistance value > 2000 megohms at 500V; release pressure: pressureless release; release phenomenon: no deflagration; dust residue: almost no residue.

[0059] The insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch of the present invention is suitable for a variety of typical application sites, including the interior of electrical control boxes, distribution cabinets, chassis, energy storage batteries, intelligent charging and battery swapping cabinets, computer rooms, data centers, aviation, ships, vehicles, libraries, oil and gas production facilities, data cabinets and other enclosed environments.

[0060] The insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch of this invention has the following outstanding advantages: it possesses unique slipperiness, softness, and hydrophobicity, exhibiting excellent chemical stability, electrical insulation, and high and low temperature resistance. This fire extinguishing patch has a high flash point and a low freezing point, allowing for long-term use within a temperature range of -10℃ to +90℃. Simultaneously, it has a low viscosity-temperature coefficient, high compressibility, and low surface tension, providing good waterproof and moisture-proof performance, as well as low specific heat and thermal conductivity. Furthermore, this material also possesses excellent heat resistance, electrical insulation, weather resistance, hydrophobicity, and physiological inertness, and has low surface tension. In electrical applications, it can resist high breakdown voltage, exhibits excellent arc and corona resistance, and is non-toxic and environmentally friendly.

[0061] The insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch of the present invention can extinguish fires multiple times even when reignition occurs, ensuring that the fire source does not spread further. In particular, due to the addition of polydimethylsiloxane, on the one hand, the flame-retardant properties of the material itself are significantly improved, and on the other hand, polydimethylsiloxane can tightly bind with perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules without damaging the outer shell structure of the microcapsules, thus enabling them to exert a stable fire extinguishing effect.

[0062] This invention provides an insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch that is easy to install, requires no maintenance, actively extinguishes fires in their initial stages, effectively prevents reignition, prevents fires from spreading, and is safe, green, and environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0063] Figure 1 is a product photo of the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 2 shows the experimental process of the flame retardant performance of the insulating flame retardant fire extinguishing patch according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0065] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0066] The following perfluoro2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules were purchased from Hefei Zhongke Chuangwei Technology Co., Ltd.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] This embodiment provides an insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material with the following formula (parts by weight): 50 parts perfluoro2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules, 25 parts polydimethylsiloxane, 3 parts magnesium hydroxide, 2 parts triphenyl phosphate, 3 parts tributyl phosphate, 2 parts tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, 1.5 parts tri(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, 2.5 parts tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin, 1 part antimony trioxide, 2 parts borax, 2.5 parts dichlorobromomethane, and 2 parts trichlorobromomethane. The insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material can be prepared by mixing the components according to this formula.

[0069] This embodiment also provides an insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch, comprising a base film, an adhesive layer, and an insulating flame-retardant layer connected in sequence; the insulating flame-retardant layer is made from the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material of this embodiment. The preparation method includes: mixing the components of the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material according to the formula to obtain a thick semi-solid substance, and coating it to form an insulating flame-retardant layer. After it dries, adhesive is applied to one side, and then a release film (or strong double-sided adhesive) is applied as the base film.

[0070] For a product photo of the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] This embodiment provides an insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material with the following formula (parts by weight): 20 parts perfluoro2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules, 20 parts polydimethylsiloxane, 0.1 parts magnesium hydroxide, 0.1 parts triphenyl phosphate, 0.5 parts tributyl phosphate, 0.1 parts tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, 0.2 parts tri(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, 0.2 parts tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 parts antimony trioxide, 0.1 parts borax, 0.1 parts dichlorobromomethane, and 0.1 parts trichlorobromomethane. The insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material can be prepared by mixing the components according to this formula.

[0073] This embodiment also provides an insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch, comprising a base film, an adhesive layer, and an insulating flame-retardant layer connected in sequence; the insulating flame-retardant layer is made of the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material of this embodiment. The preparation method is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] This embodiment provides an insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material with the following formula (parts by weight): 60 parts perfluoro2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules, 30 parts polydimethylsiloxane, 5 parts magnesium hydroxide, 5 parts triphenyl phosphate, 5 parts tributyl phosphate, 5 parts tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, 5 parts tri(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, 5 parts tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin, 3 parts antimony trioxide, 5 parts borax, 5 parts dichlorobromomethane, and 5 parts trichlorobromomethane. The insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material can be prepared by mixing the components according to this formula.

[0076] This embodiment also provides an insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch, comprising a base film, an adhesive layer, and an insulating flame-retardant layer connected in sequence; the insulating flame-retardant layer is made of the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material of this embodiment. The preparation method is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0077] Comparative Example 1

[0078] The only difference between this comparative example of an insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch and Example 1 is that the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material does not contain polydimethylsiloxane.

[0079] Comparative Example 2

[0080] The only difference between this comparative example of an insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch and Example 1 is that the polydimethylsiloxane in the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material is replaced with silicone oil as shown in Table 1 below.

[0081] Table 1

[0082] Experiment 1: An experiment to investigate the flame-retardant properties of insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing materials.

[0083] Insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing stickers of the same size as those in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were pasted into the test chamber shown in Figure 2 and placed in an environment with a temperature of 25-35℃ and a relative humidity of RH of 80%-85% for 60 months.

[0084] The results showed that the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patches of Examples 1-3 did not fail, with Example 1 showing the best performance; the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch of Comparative Example 1 showed gas leakage and failed; the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch of Comparative Example 2 also did not show gas leakage, but its silicone oil could not bind well with the perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules, suggesting that the outer shell structure of the microcapsules had been damaged.

[0085] Experiment 2: Flame-retardant performance test of insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing stickers

[0086] The specific experimental process is shown in Figure 2, where af represents different stages of the experimental process.

[0087] Prepare two identical metal cabinets with doors; pour an appropriate amount of n-heptane into a metal container (e.g., an aluminum lunchbox), and place it on an iron stand inside the metal cabinet; attach the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing sticker of Example 1 to the top inside one of the metal cabinets (i.e., the right side of Figure 2); ignite the fire, close the cabinet door, and ensure that the inside of the metal cabinet is a relatively sealed space; the metal cabinet with the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing sticker of Example 1 (i.e., the right side of Figure 2) extinguishes the fire in about 15 seconds. Open its cabinet door, ignite it again to simulate reignition, and it is extinguished again in about 15 seconds. Repeat the ignition multiple times, and the fire is extinguished each time; the metal cabinet without the fire extinguishing sticker (i.e., the left side of Figure 2) continues to burn throughout the process.

[0088] When tested using the same method, three commercially available similar products showed significantly worse fire extinguishing effects than the fire extinguishing patch of Example 1 of this invention.

[0089] Experimental results show that the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch of the present invention has a good fire extinguishing effect, actively extinguishes fires in the early stage of fire, and can achieve multiple fire extinguishing effects, effectively preventing reignition.

[0090] The features described above regarding the disclosed embodiments can be substituted or combined with each other to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An insulating, flame-retardant, automatic fire extinguishing material, characterized in that, Included in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of perfluoro2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules 20-30 parts of polydimethylsiloxane Magnesium hydroxide 0.1-5 parts, Triphenyl phosphate 0.1-5 parts, Tributyl phosphate 0.5-5 parts, Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate 0.1-5 parts, 0.2-5 parts of tris(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, 0.2-5 parts of tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5-3 parts of antimony trioxide 0.1-5 parts of borate, 0.1-5 parts of dichlorobromomethane, 0.1-5 parts of trichlorobromomethane.

2. The insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Included in parts by weight: 50 portions of perfluoro2-methyl-3-pentanone microcapsules 25 parts of polydimethylsiloxane 3 parts magnesium hydroxide Two parts of triphenyl phosphate, 3 parts of tributyl phosphate Two parts of tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, 1.5 parts of tris(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, 2.5 parts of tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin, 1 part antimony trioxide 2 parts of borate, 2.5 parts of dichlorobromomethane Two parts of trichlorobromomethane.

3. A method for preparing an insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing material, characterized in that, This includes mixing the components according to the formula.

4. An insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch, characterized in that, It comprises a base film, an adhesive layer, and an insulating and flame-retardant layer connected in sequence; the insulating and flame-retardant layer is made of the insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material as described in claim 1 or 2.

5. The method for preparing the insulating flame-retardant fire extinguishing patch according to claim 4, characterized in that, include: The components of the insulating and flame-retardant fire extinguishing material are mixed according to the formula to form an insulating and flame-retardant layer. Apply adhesive to one side of the insulating and flame-retardant layer to form an adhesive layer; A release film is attached to the adhesive layer as a base film.

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