Aerosol-generating device comprising power control electronics to monitor an electrical quantity
The aerosol-generating device with power control electronics addresses the challenge of supporting multiple aerosol-generating articles by monitoring electrical quantities to control power, ensuring efficient and safe aerosol production without additional sensors, thus preventing overheating and maintaining a lightweight, cost-effective design.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PHILIP MORRIS PRODUCTS SA
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing aerosol-generating devices are not configured to be used with different types of aerosol-generating articles and aerosol-forming substrates, requiring different heating arrangements and power requirements, and lack efficient monitoring of user puffs, leading to potential overheating and formation of undesirable aerosols.
An aerosol-generating device with power control electronics that monitor electrical quantities to control power supply, detecting conditions such as the end of a puff or a dry susceptor, and adjust power accordingly, eliminating the need for multiple physical sensors.
The device provides reliable sensing of operating conditions with minimal delay, reduces the risk of overheating, and prevents the formation of undesirable aerosols, while maintaining a compact and cost-effective design suitable for multiple types of aerosol-generating articles.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025131339_07052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
AEROSOL-GENERATING DEVICE COMPRISING POWER CONTROL ELECTRONICS TO MONITOR AN ELECTRICAL QUANTITY
[0001] The present disclosure relates to an aerosol-generating device and an aerosol-generating system comprising an aerosol-generating device. In particular, the invention relates to the aerosol-generating device being configured to determine if a predetermined condition is met.
[0002] Some known aerosol-generating systems comprise an aerosol-generating device and an aerosol-generating article comprising an aerosol-forming substrate configured to be heated by the aerosol-generating device.
[0003] In some of these known systems, the aerosol-generating device comprises a power supply, such as a battery, power control electronics, and an inductor, for example comprising an inductor coil, and the aerosol-generating article comprises a susceptor element. The inductor coil generates an alternating magnetic field when it is supplied with an alternating current, and the susceptor element is heated when it is arranged in the alternating magnetic field. The alternating magnetic field penetrates the susceptor element, heating the susceptor element, which in turn heats the aerosol-forming substrate in the aerosol-generating article, releasing volatile components as a vapour. The vapour condenses to form an aerosol, which is inhalable by a user. In some known systems, in which the aerosol is intended for user inhalation, an airflow may be generated by the user inhalation on the system, which may be referred to as a puff. A user puffing on the system may generate the airflow through the system, which entrains the vapour and condenses it to form the aerosol.
[0004] Different types of aerosol-generating articles and aerosol-forming substrates are also known. Some known aerosol-generating systems comprise an article holding a solid aerosol-forming substrate. Some known aerosol-generating systems comprise an article in the form of a cartridge holding a liquid aerosol-forming substrate. Accordingly, known aerosol-generating devices may not be configured to be used with different types of aerosol-generating articles and aerosol-forming substrates because different types of aerosol-forming substrate can require different heating arrangements and regimes to generate an optimal aerosol. Different aerosol-generating articles may have different power requirements and different means may be required for monitoring user puffs.
[0005] It would be desirable to provide an aerosol-generating device that is configured to be used with different types of aerosol-generating articles and aerosol-forming substrates. It would be desirable to provide an aerosol-generating device that is capable of generating an optimal aerosol from different types of aerosol-generating articles and aerosol-forming substrates. It would be desirable to provide an aerosol-generating device that may be configured to monitor puffs that is configured to be used with different types of aerosol-generating articles and aerosol-forming substrates. It would be desirable to provide an aerosol-generating device that may be configured to monitor conditions that could lead to formation of undesirable aerosols and reduce the risk of such aerosols being formed.
[0006] According to the present disclosure, there is provided an aerosol-generating device configured to generate an aerosol from an aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol-generating device may comprise a cavity configured to removably receive at least a portion of an aerosol-generating article comprising the aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol-generating device may comprise an inductor configured to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat a susceptor in the aerosol generating article. The aerosol-generating device may comprise a power supply for supplying power to the inductor. The aerosol-generating device may comprise power control electronics configured to control power supplied from the power supply to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity. In a first mode the power control electronics may be configured to supply a heating power to the inductor to heat the aerosol-generating substrate. In the first mode the power control electronics may be configured to monitor an electrical quantity response to the heating power. In the first mode the power control electronics may be configured to determine whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined condition and in response to determination of the predetermined condition being met, to modify the supply of power.
[0007] According to the present disclosure, there is provided an aerosol-generating device configured to generate an aerosol from an aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol-generating device comprises a cavity configured to removably receive at least a portion of an aerosol-generating article comprising the aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol-generating device comprises an inductor configured to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat a susceptor in the aerosol-generating article. The aerosol-generating device comprises a power supply for supplying power to the inductor. The aerosol-generating device comprises power control electronics configured to control power supplied from the power supply to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity.
[0008] In a first mode the power control electronics are configured to: supply a heating power to the inductor to heat the aerosol-generating substrate; monitor an electrical quantity response to the heating power; determine whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined condition; and in response to determination of the predetermined condition being met, to modify the supply of power.
[0009] Advantageously, the aerosol-generating device provides reliable sensing of changes to the operating conditions during heating of the aerosol-generating article, with minimal delay. Advantageously, monitoring and controlling the supply of power based on changes to the operating conditions during heating of the aerosol-generating article reduces the risk of overheating the susceptor and forming undesirable aerosols, for example aerosols having an undesirable flavour. This may be particularly useful for a device configured to receive more than one type of aerosol-generating article because different types of aerosol-generating article may have different properties and so may have a higher risk of overheating at least one of the types of aerosol-generating article.
[0010] Known aerosol-generating devices may comprise physical sensors to monitor operational conditions during heating of an aerosol-generating article, such as physical temperature sensors or physical puff sensors. These physical sensors may only be compatible or optimised for detecting changes in operating conditions for one type of aerosol-generating article. The physical sensors may be unreliable for detecting puffs or temperature changes for a different type of aerosol-generating article. Therefore, a device suitable for receiving more than one type of aerosol-generating article could be required to comprise at least two physical sensors, such as a puff sensor for each type of article. This would add bulk and weight to aerosol-generating devise that are typically handheld devices, where it is desirable to be small and lightweight. Advantageously, the device of the present invention may not require multiple physical sensors to monitor operational conditions during heating of different types of aerosol-generating article. Therefore, saving space and weight in the device and making it more practical and comfortable for a user. The cost of manufacturing the aerosol-generating device may be reduced because multiple additional physical sensors are not required.
[0011] Furthermore, separate physical sensors may be required to monitor different operational conditions, for example puff sensors and temperature sensors may be required. Therefore, a further benefit of the present device is that the power control electronics may monitor different operational conditions, reducing the requirement for multiple physical sensors. Advantageously, as explained above, this may reduce cost, weight and size of the device.
[0012] Preferably, the power control electronics are configured to monitor the electrical quantity response to the heating power during a puff.
[0013] As used herein, the term “puff” is used to describe the action of a user generating aerosol using an aerosol-generating device. The user may carry out this action by drawing air through the aerosol-generating system comprising the aerosol-generating device by inhalation. The user of the aerosol-generating system may draw on an air outlet of an airflow path through the aerosol-generating system to receive and inhale aerosol generated by the aerosol-generating system.
[0014] Preferably, the power control electronics are configured to detect the end of a puff. Advantageously, the power control electronics being configured to detect the end of a puff may remove the need for a physical puff sensor.
[0015] The end of a puff may be detected because, during the puff, air may be drawn across, through or past the susceptor. The air flowing across, through or past the susceptor may have a cooling effect on the susceptor. When the user stops inhaling, the air flow across, through or past the susceptor stops, leading to an increase in the temperature of the susceptor. The increase in temperature of the susceptor may be indicated by the electrical quantity meeting the predetermined condition. Thus, the electrical quantity meeting the predetermined condition may indicate the end of the puff. For example, if the monitored electrical quantity is electrical conductance, the conductance may decrease to indicate the end of a puff.
[0016] Preferably, the predetermined condition comprises a predetermined puff end condition that indicates the end of the puff. Advantageously, this may allow the power supply to the inductor to be controlled based on the end of a puff, advantageously preventing the device from continuing to supply a heating power even after a puff has ended. This may reduce wastage of aerosol-forming substrate and reduce the risk of overheating of the susceptor.
[0017] Preferably, the power control electronics are configured to detect a dry susceptor. In other words, the power control electronics may be configured to determine when the susceptor is or is not supplied with an aerosol-generating substrate. Determining that the susceptor element is not supplied with aerosol-forming substrate may indicate that the aerosol-generating device is not generating the expected amount or quality of aerosol, as insufficient aerosol-forming substrate is being supplied to the susceptor element.
[0018] Preferably, the predetermined condition comprises a predetermined dry susceptor condition that indicates a dry susceptor. Advantageously, this may allow the power supply to the inductor to be controlled based on the determination of a dry susceptor. This is beneficial because dry susceptor may provide a sub-optimal user experience, for example the release of undesirable flavours, or leading to overheating and burning or melting of other components of the aerosol-generating article.
[0019] In response to determination of the predetermined condition being met, the power control electronics may be configured to stop supplying the heating power to the inductor. Preferably, in response to determination of the predetermined condition being met, the power control electronics are configured to supply a monitoring power to the inductor. The monitoring power may be a Iow level of power than the heating power. This may allow the level of power being supplied to the inductor to be reduced based on determination of a predetermined condition, such as a condition that indicates the end of a puff or a dry susceptor. In either of these situations, it is desirable to reduce the amount of power being supplied to the inductor, to reduce the heating of the susceptor.
[0020] The power control electronics may be configured to notify a user that when it is determined that the susceptor element is not supplied with aerosol-forming substrate. The power control electronics may be configured to notify a user in any suitable manner. The power control electronics may be configured to send a notification signal when it is determined that the susceptor is not supplied with aerosol-forming substrate.
[0021] It will be appreciated that the power control electronics may be configured to supply the monitoring power to the inductor as a series of discrete pulses of current. The power control electronics may be configured to determine a dry puff when the monitoring power is supplied to the inductor. During the monitoring power being supplied, a monitored electrical quantity, for example electrical conductance, may change, such as increase, in response to the supplied pulse of current. When the susceptor is wet, change of the electrical quantity in response to a pulse of current may be less than the change of electrical quantity in response to a pulse of current when the susceptor is dry. For example, the increase of the conductance in response to each pulse of conductance may be less than the increase of the conductance in response to each pulse of conductance when the susceptor is dry. A dry susceptor condition that indicates a dry susceptor puff may be that the change of the electrical quantity in response to a single pulse of current to the inductor is greater than a threshold pulse change. Therefore, the power control electronics may be configured to determine a dry susceptor by determining if the change of the electrical quantity, such as increase of the electrical conductance reading, in response to a single pulse of current to the inductor is greater than a threshold pulse change, such as a threshold pulse increase. The power control electronics may be configured to determine a dry susceptor condition and in response to determining that the susceptor is dry, to stop supplying the monitoring power to the inductor.
[0022] The monitored electrical quantity may be any suitable electrical quantity. Preferably, the electrical quantity is indicative of a temperature of the susceptor.
[0023] The property of the monitored electrical quantity may be a value of the predetermined condition such that the predetermined condition may be a change in the value of the monitored electrical quantity. The monitored electrical quantity may be dependent on an interaction between an alternating magnetic field generated in the cavity by the inductor and the susceptor. The monitored electrical quantity may be a quantity selected from the list consisting of; electrical conductance, apparent electrical conductance, electrical resistance, apparent electrical resistance, inductance, current, voltage, frequency, and phase. As used herein, the term "inductance" refers to the imaginary part of a complex impedance defined as the ratio of the supplied AC voltage to the measured AC current. Inductance, generally speaking, includes the property of an electric circuit to be susceptible to exterior electromagnetic influences. The property may be an equivalent resistance of an inductor. As used herein, the term "equivalent resistance" refers to the real part of a complex impedance defined as the ratio of the supplied AC voltage to the measured AC current. Accordingly, the "equivalent resistance" may also be denoted as the resistive Icad of the inductor.
[0024] Such electrical quantities may be monitored directly or determined in real time by monitoring other parameters and applying an appropriate calculation. As an example, apparent conductance of the inductor may be calculated by the formula σ = I / V, where σ is apparent conductance of the inductor, I is current delivered to the inductor, and V is voltage across the inductor. Thus, if power is delivered at constant voltage, the apparent conductance may be determined in real time by monitoring the current and applying the formula. Both current and voltage may be monitored, and monitored values of both of these parameters used to calculate the apparent conductance. Apparent resistance is the inverse of apparent conductance, and can be calculated using the formula ρ = V / I, where ρ is the apparent resistance. As used herein apparent conductance may also be referred to as electrical conductance.
[0025] The power control electronics may be configured to determine a rate of change of the monitored electrical quantity over time. The power control electronics may be configured to determine the rate of change of the rate of change of the monitored electrical quantity in response to the monitoring or heating power supply over time.
[0026] The power control electronics are preferably configured to monitor the first derivative and the second derivative of the function of monitored electrical quantity of the heating power supply with time.
[0027] For example, the property of the electrical quantity may comprise a first derivative of the function of the monitored electrical quantity of the heating power supply with time. The property of the electrical quantity may comprise a second derivative of the function of the monitored electrical quantity of the monitoring power supply with time. In other words, the property of the electrical quantity may comprise the rate of change of the monitored electrical quantity over time and the rate of change of the rate of change of the monitored electrical quantity over time.
[0028] The power control electronics may be configured to calculate a moving average of the monitored electrical quantity as a function of time. The moving average may be a moving median value. The moving average may be a moving average of a value of the monitored electrical quantity computed on a time window duration. The time window duration is preferably a time of between 100 milliseconds and 2000 milliseconds, for example between 500 milliseconds and 1500 milliseconds, or between 800 milliseconds and 1400 milliseconds. The window time duration may be about 850 milliseconds, or about 900 milliseconds, or about 950 milliseconds, or about 1000 milliseconds, or about 1050 milliseconds, or about 1100 milliseconds, or about 1200 milliseconds. Preferably, the first derivative, the second derivative or both the first and second derivatives of the monitored electrical quantity over time are derivatives of the moving average of the monitored electrical quantity over the time window duration. Preferably, the power control electronics are configured to determine the first derivative of the moving average over the time window duration. The power control electronics may be configured to determine the second derivative of the moving average over the time window duration.
[0029] Furthermore, when the power control electronics are configured to monitor the rate of change of the rate of change of the monitored electrical quantity, the power control electronics may also be configured to determine when the end of a puff occurs using the determined rate of change of the rate of change of the monitored electrical quantity.
[0030] Preferably, the power control electronics may be configured to determine when a puff ends by monitoring both the rate of change of the monitored electrical quantity and the rate of change of the rate of change of the monitored electrical quantity.
[0031] Preferably, the predetermined condition comprises a value of the first derivative being less than or greater than a first threshold value.
[0032] Preferably, when the monitored electrical quantity is apparent electrical conductance, the first threshold value is about zero, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 150, 200 or 250 S / s. For example, the predetermined condition preferably comprises a predetermined puff end condition which comprises a value of the first derivative being less than a first puff threshold value, wherein preferably the first puff threshold value is about zero, 5, 10, or 50 S / s. Alternatively, or in addition, the predetermined condition preferably comprises a predetermined dry susceptor condition which comprises a value of the first derivative being greater than a first dry susceptor threshold value, wherein preferably the first dry susceptor threshold value is about zero 100, 150, 200 or 250 S / s.
[0033] Preferably, when the monitored electrical quantity is apparent electrical conductance, the predetermined condition comprises a value of the second derivative being less than or greater than a second threshold value, wherein preferably, the second threshold value is about zero, 5, 10, 20 50, 100, 150, 200 or 250 S / s2. For example, the predetermined condition preferably comprises a predetermined puff end condition which comprises a value of the second derivative being less than a second puff threshold value, wherein preferably the second puff threshold value is about zero, 5, 10, or 50 S / s2.
[0034] Preferably, the puff predetermined condition that indicates the end of a puff comprises a value of the first derivative being less than a first threshold value and a value of the second derivative being less than the second threshold value. Preferably, when the monitored electrical quantity is apparent electrical conductance, the first threshold value is about zero S / sand the second threshold value is about zero S / s2.
[0035] For example, preferably the monitored electrical quantity is electrical conductance and the predetermined condition is that both the rate of change of the electrical conductance and the rate of change of the rate of change of the electrical conductance are less than zero S / sand zero S / s2, respectively. If this predetermined condition is met, it may indicate that the puff has ended and therefore the power control electronics may be configured to stop supplying power to the inductor.
[0036] Preferably, the power control electronics are configured to determine the end of a puff, wherein the electrical quantity is the apparent electrical conductance of the inductor and the puff predetermined condition that indicates the end of a puff comprises a value of the first derivative being less than a first threshold value of about zero S / sand a value of the second derivative being less than the second threshold value of about 10 S / s2. Preferably, the puff predetermined condition that indicates the end of a puff comprises a value of the first derivative being less than a first threshold value of about 50 S / sand a value of the second derivative being less than the second threshold value of about zero S / s2.
[0037] The property of the electrical control parameter may be the value of the electrical control parameter. The predetermined condition may comprise value of the electrical control parameter rising or falling by more than a predetermined amount. The predetermined condition comprising a value of the electrical control parameter changing by more than or less than a predetermined amount may comprise the value of the electrical control parameter rising or falling by more than a threshold value such as by falling by at least 400, 500, or 600 Siemens, when the electrical control parameter is electrical conductance, or by rising by at least 400, 500, or 600 Ohms when the electrical control parameter is electrical resistance. The predetermined condition comprising a value of the electrical control parameter changing by more than or less than a predetermined amount may comprise the value of the electrical control parameter rising or falling by more than a dry threshold amount percentage change, such as rising or falling by at least 5, 10 or 15 percent.
[0038] The predetermined condition may comprise value of the electrical control parameter changing by more than or less than a predetermined amount over a predetermined period, such as a predetermined amount of time or over a time duration of a puff. The predetermined amount of time may be equal to the amount of time in which power pulses are not supplied during the duty cycle of the heating power.
[0039] The power control electronics may be configured to modify the supply of power in response to a determination that the predetermined condition is met in at least two consecutive puffs.
[0040] The aerosol-generating device may comprise a temperature sensor for monitoring a temperature of a component of the device. For example, the aerosol-generating device may comprise a temperature sensor for monitoring a temperature of the controller or the inductor. Preferably, the aerosol-generating device comprises a temperature sensor configured to monitor a temperature of the inductor. Preferably, the power control electronics are configured to use the monitored temperature to determine the end of a puff. The power control electronics may be configured to determine if the monitored temperature exceeds a threshold temperature, or increases above a threshold increase, and in response stop supplying the heating power, wherein preferably the threshold temperature or increase indicate the end of a puff.
[0041] The temperature sensor may be a negative-temperature-coefficient (NTC) temperature sensor.
[0042] Preferably, the temperature sensor is configured to detect a temperature increase or decrease of the inductor. As heating power is applied, the inductor temperature may increase. As a puff takes place, the inductor may be cooled by an air flow, as described for the susceptor above. Therefore, when the puff ends, the temperature of the inductor may increase due to the heating power being supplied but the cooling effect of the puff being removed. Therefore, a temperature increase of the inductor may be indicative ofa puffending. Therefore, the power control electronics may be configured to detect the end of a puff by receiving a signal from the temperature sensor.
[0043] According to the present disclosure there may be provided an aerosol-generating device configured to generate an aerosol from an aerosol-forming substrate, the device comprising: a cavity configured to removably receive at least a portion of an aerosol-generating article comprising the aerosol-forming substrate; an inductor configured to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat a susceptor in the aerosol-generating article; temperature sensor configured to monitor a temperature of the inductor; a power supply for supplying power to the inductor; and power control electronics configured to control power supplied from the power supply to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity. In a first mode the power control electronics may be configured to: supply a heating power to the inductor to heat the aerosol-generating substrate; determine if the monitored temperature exceeds a threshold temperature, or increases above a threshold increase, and in response stop supplying the heating power, wherein preferably the threshold temperature or increase indicate the end of a puff.
[0044] Preferably, the power control electronics are configured to detect the start of a puff.
[0045] The power control electronics may be configured to supply a monitoring power to the inductor and to monitor an electrical quantity of the monitoring power. The power control electronics may be configured to detect whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined puff start condition that indicates a puff, for example the start of a puff; and if the monitored electrical quantity meets the predetermined puff start condition, to supply a heating power to the inductor to heat the susceptor to generate an aerosol from the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0046] The monitored electrical quantity may be proportional or inversely proportional to a temperature of the susceptor. Therefore, a change in the monitored electrical quantity may indicate a change of the temperature of the susceptor.
[0047] During a puff, when at least a portion of the aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity, the air may be drawn across, through or past the susceptor. The air flowing across, through or past the susceptor may have a cooling effect on the susceptor. Therefore, the predetermined puff start condition may indicate that the susceptor has cooled due to a puff.
[0048] The predetermined puff start condition may be an increase in the electrical conductance of the susceptor of about 1 percent, for example about 2 percent.
[0049] The aerosol-generating device may comprise a sensor actuatable by a user, wherein the power control electronics are configured to detect actuation of the sensor. In response to actuation of the sensor the power control electronics may be configured to supply the monitoring power, or to supply the heating power, to the inductor. The power control electronics may be configured to detect actuation of the sensor, and in response the power control electronics may be configured to operate in the first mode. The sensor may be actuatable by a user to indicate the start of the puff. In response to actuation of the sensor, the power control electronics are preferably configured to supply the monitoring power to the inductor.
[0050] Actuation of the sensor may be configured to trigger the power control electronics to supply the monitoring power or to supply the heating power to the inductor. Therefore, the power control electronics may be configured not to supply the monitoring power or not to supply the heating power to the inductor until after actuation of the sensor.
[0051] Advantageously, the power control electronics being configured to supply the monitoring power or to supply the heating power to the inductor in response to actuation of the sensor reduces power consumption of the aerosol-generating device until the user indicates that they want to begin using the device by actuation of the sensor. Therefore, battery depletion is reduced because the power control electronics do not need to supply the monitoring power or to supply the heating power to the inductor until the user actuates the sensor and so energy is not wasted.
[0052] The sensor may be actuatable by a user to indicate the end of a puff. In response to actuation of the sensor, the power control electronics may be configured to stop supplying the monitoring power to the inductor. In response to actuation of the sensor, the power control electronics may be configured to stop supplying the heating power to the inductor. Actuation of the sensor may be configured to trigger the power control electronics to switch from supplying the heating power to the inductor to supplying the monitoring power to the inductor. For example, the user may actuate the sensor to indicate the end of a puff.
[0053] Preferably, the sensor may be actuatable by a user to indicate the start of a puff and to indicate the end of a puff.
[0054] Preferably, the power control electronics may be configured to detect actuation of the sensor to indicate the start of a puff. In response to the actuation the power control electronics may be configured to supply the monitoring power. Then in the first mode, if the monitored electrical quantity does not meet the predetermined condition, it may be an indication that the sensor has been actuated in error, so the heating power will not be supplied. Advantageously, this two-step analysis using both the sensor and the monitored electrical quantity may be used to reduce the power consumption of the device, by not having to continuously supply the monitoring power. Advantageously, this approach may also reduce the likelihood of heating power being supplied when a puff is not being taken, which may reduce the risk of unnecessary heating or overheating. The sensor may comprise at least one of a push button, an accelerometer, or a proximity sensor. For example, the sensor may be an accelerometer for detecting a movement of the device. The sensor may be a proximity sensor for detecting lips of a user when in contact with the proximity sensor of the aerosol-generating device. For example, the proximity sensor may be a capacitive or resistive proximity sensor. The aerosol-generating device may comprise a push button. A user may actuate the push button to indicate that they want to start usage of the aerosol-generating device. The power control electronics may be configured to detect actuation of the push button and in response the power control electronics may be configured to operate in the first mode. The power control electronics may be configured to detect actuation of the push button and in response the power control electronics may be configured to supply the heating power to the inductor to heat the susceptor. When the sensor comprises a push button, the push button may be configured to be actuated by a user to indicate they wish to start a puff. The push button may be configured to be held or pressed by a user until they end a puff. In response to actuation of the push button by the user to indicate they wish to start a puff, the power control electronics may be configured to supply the monitoring power until the monitored electrical quantity meets the predetermined condition, and then the power control electronics may be configured to supply the heating power to the inductor to heat the susceptor to generate an aerosol from the aerosol-forming substrate. When the user actuates the sensor again, for example by releasing the held push button, the power control electronics may be configured to stop supplying the heating power to the inductor. The power control electronics may be configured to stop supplying the heating power and to start supplying the monitoring power. In this way, the power control electronics may be configured to determine if the push button has been released in error, for example if the user is still puffing on the device. The push button may be configured to be maintained in a “pushed” position (such as being held or pressed by a user) until the end of the puff, when the user may release the button. In this way the push button may be used to indicate when the user wants the puff to begin and end.
[0055] The monitoring power may be configured to heat the susceptor to a temperature below a vaporisation temperature of a component of the aerosol-forming substrate. The monitoring power may be configured to heat the susceptor to a temperature above an ambient temperature.
[0056] The monitoring power may be configured to heat the susceptor to a temperature of between 20 degrees Celsius and 200 degrees Celsius, for example between 25 degrees Celsius and 180 degrees Celsius, for example between 30 degrees Celsius and 150 degrees Celsius, for example between 35 degrees Celsius and 120 degrees Celsius, for example between 40 degrees Celsius and 100 degrees Celsius. Preferably, the monitoring power is configured to heat the susceptor to a temperature above ambient temperature, or room temperature, but below a vaporisation temperature of the aerosol-forming substrate. Advantageously, the monitoring power is selected to heat the susceptor to a temperature that provides a response of the electrical control parameter in response to a puff that leads to a clear detection without using a large amount of power, or without excessively heating the susceptor. It may be undesirable to excessively heat the susceptor in between puffs because this may affect the aerosol quality and may deplete the battery more quickly.
[0057] The heating power may be configured to heat susceptor to a temperature equal to or around a vaporisation temperature of a component of aerosol-forming substrate. The heating power may be configured to heat susceptor to a temperature above a vaporisation temperature of a component of aerosol-forming substrate.
[0058] The heating power may be configured to heat susceptor to a temperature of between 200 degrees Celsius and 500 degrees Celsius, for example between 250 degrees Celsius and 450 degrees Celsius, for example between 300 degrees Celsius and 400 degrees Celsius, for example between 350 degrees Celsius and 390 degrees Celsius. Advantageously, the heating power may heat the susceptor to a temperature sufficient for vaporisation of the aerosol-forming substrate without overheating the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0059] The power control electronics may be configured to supply the monitoring power for a predetermined amount of time and after the predetermined amount of time to stop supplying the monitoring power. After the predetermined amount of time, the power control electronics may be configured to prevent supply of monitoring power and the heating power to the inductor.
[0060] The power control electronics are configured to control the supply of power to the inductor. The power control electronics may be configured to control the supply of power to the inductor by controlling the supply of an alternating current to the inductor. The alternating current supplied to the inductor may have a frequency of between about 100 kilohertz (kHz) , and about 30 megahertz (MHz) .
[0061] In some preferred embodiments, the power control electronics comprise a controller. The controller may comprise a microprocessor, which may be a programmable microprocessor, a microcontroller, or an application specific integrated chip (ASIC) or other electronic circuitry capable of providing control.
[0062] The power control electronics may be configured to supply an alternating current to the inductor continuously following activation of the aerosol-generating system. The power control electronics may be configured to supply current to the inductor intermittently, such as on a puff by puff basis. The power control electronics may comprise further electronic components. The power control electronics may comprise a DC / AC inverter configured to convert direct current supplied by the DC power supply to an alternating current for supplying the inductor. The DC / AC converter may comprise a Class-D or Class-E power amplifier.
[0063] The power supply may be a DC power supply configured to supply a DC supply voltage to the inductor. The DC power supply may comprise at least one of a battery and a capacitor. The DC power supply may be a battery. The battery may be any suitable type of battery. The battery may be a Lithium based battery, for example a Lithium-Cobalt, a Lithium-Iron-Phosphate, a Lithium Titanate or a Lithium-Polymer battery. The battery may be a Nickel metal hydride battery or a Nickel cadmium battery. The DC power supply may be another form of charge storage device, such as a capacitor. In some embodiments, the DC power supply has a DC supply voltage in the range of about 2.5 Volts to about 4.5 Volts, and a DC supply current in the range of about 1 Amp to about 10 Amps (corresponding to a DC power supply in the range of about 2.5 Watts to about 45 Watts) .
[0064] The DC power supply and the power control electronics may be configured to operate at high frequency. The DC power supply and the power control electronics may be configured to supply a high frequency oscillating current to the inductor. As used herein, the term “high frequency oscillating current” means an oscillating current having a frequency of between about 100 kilohertz and about 30 megahertz. The high frequency oscillating current may have a frequency of from about 1 megahertz to about 30 megahertz, preferably from about 1 megahertz to about 10 megahertz and more preferably from about 5 megahertz to about 8 megahertz.
[0065] The power control electronics may be configured to control the supply of power to the inductor in any suitable way. In some embodiments, the power control electronics are configured to control the supply of power to the inductor in pulses. Where the power control electronics are configured to control the supply of power to the inductor in pulses, the power control electronics may be configured to control the supply of power to the inductor by pulse width modulation.
[0066] The monitoring power may have a duty cycle of less than 40 percent or less, for example 30 percent or less, for example 20 percent or less, for example less than 15 percent or less, for example less than 10 percent or less., for example 8 percent or less, for example less than 5 percent or less, for example a duty cycle of 4 percent.
[0067] The heating power may have a duty cycle of greater than 50 percent, for example greater than 60 percent, for example greater than 70 percent, for example great than 80 percent, for example greater than 90 percent.
[0068] The duty cycle may be adjusted by altering the pulse width, or the frequency of the pulses or both. Advantageously, modifying the duty cycle between the monitoring power and the heating power may be a simple way to modify the amount of power supplied to the inductor.
[0069] The aerosol-generating device may comprise an inductive heating arrangement comprising the inductor. The inductor of the aerosol-generating device may comprise an inductor coil. The inductor may have any suitable configuration to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity. The inductor may be arranged in any suitable location to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity.
[0070] The inductor may be located in or around the cavity. The inductor may comprise an inductor coil that circumscribes the cavity. The inductor coil may be arranged at or near a boundary of the cavity. The inductor coil may be arranged at a side or an end of the cavity. The inductor coil may be at least partially wrapped around the cavity.
[0071] The inductor may have any suitable form. The inductor may be a tubular inductor coil. The inductor coil may be a cylindrical coil. The inductor may be a planar inductor coil. The inductor may be a flat inductor coil. Preferably, the inductor is a tubular coil that circumscribes the cavity.
[0072] The inductor coil may have any suitable number of turns. The inductor may comprise any suitable number of inductor coils. For example, the inductor may comprise one, two, three, four, five or six inductor coils. The inductor may comprise a plurality of inductor coils. Each of the plurality of inductor coils may be configured to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity.
[0073] The inductor may be formed from any suitable material. The inductor may be formed from at least one of: silver, gold, aluminium, brass, zinc, iron, nickel, and alloys of thereof, and electrically conductive ceramics, such as yttrium-doped zirconia, indium tin oxide, and yttrium doped titanate.
[0074] The aerosol-generating device may comprise any suitable number of inductor coils. For example, the aerosol-generating device may comprise one, two, three, four, five or six inductor coils. The aerosol-generating device may comprise a plurality of inductor coils. Each of the plurality of inductor coils may be configured to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity.
[0075] The aerosol-generating device may be configured to be used with different types of aerosol-generating article. The cavity may be configured to receive different types of aerosol-generating articles. The cavity may be configured to removably receive at least a portion of a first aerosol-generating article, the first aerosol-generating article comprising a first susceptor element, and a first aerosol-forming substrate. The cavity may be configured to removably receive at least a portion of a second aerosol-generating article, separately from the first aerosol-generating article, the second aerosol-generating article comprising a second susceptor element, and a second aerosol-forming substrate, the second aerosol-forming substrate being different from the first aerosol-forming substrate. In other words, the cavity may be configured to receive, individually, not simultaneously, at least a portion of the first aerosol-generating article, and at least a portion of the second aerosol-generating article. In other words, the cavity is not configured to receive both at least a portion of the first aerosol-generating article and at least a portion of the second aerosol-generating article at the same time.
[0076] Advantageously, the cavity being configured to removably receive both the first and second aerosol-generating articles means that the device is suitable for use with more than one type of aerosol-generating article. Advantageously, this gives a user flexibility to use different aerosol-generating articles with the same aerosol-generating device.
[0077] The first aerosol-forming substrate may be a liquid aerosol-forming substrate. The second aerosol-forming substrate may be a solid aerosol-forming substrate.
[0078] The first aerosol-forming article may comprise an air inlet, an air outlet and an airflow path defined between the air inlet and the air outlet. Preferably, the first susceptor element is situated in the airflow path. Preferably the airflow path comprises a restricted cross-section at the first susceptor. Advantageously, the restricted cross-section at the susceptor is for increasing the flow rate of the air as it flows through the airflow path at the susceptor. Advantageously, this may lead to an improved detection of the end of a puff.
[0079] In the first mode the power control electronics may be configured to supply power to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat the first susceptor element.
[0080] The power control electronics may be configured to operate the device in a second mode. The second mode may be different to the first mode. Preferably, in the second mode the power control electronics are configured to supply power to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity.
[0081] Preferably, in the second mode the power control electronics are configured to supply power to the inductor to continuously generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity. Preferably, in the second mode the power control electronics are configured to supply power to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to continuously heat a susceptor of an aerosol-generating article that is at least partially received in the cavity. Preferably, in the second mode the power control electronics are configured to supply power to the inductor to continuously heat the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0082] The strength of the alternating magnetic field generated in the second mode may remain constant. The strength of the alternating magnetic field generated in the second mode may vary over time. Typically, the second mode may be most suitable for use with solid aerosol-forming substrates.
[0083] In the second mode the power control electronics may be configured to supply power to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat the second susceptor element to generate an aerosol from the second aerosol-forming substrate, when the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity.
[0084] Advantageously, the provision of the power control electronics being configured to operate the device in a second mode may allow the device to adequately heat an aerosol-forming substrate that requires sustained heating to form a desirable aerosol.
[0085] In the second mode, the power control electronics may be configured to continuously heat the second susceptor element to generate an aerosol from the second aerosol-forming substrate, when the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity.
[0086] According to the present disclosure, there may be provided an aerosol-generating device configured to generate an aerosol from an aerosol-forming substrate, the device comprising:
[0087] a cavity configured to removably receive at least a portion of an aerosol-generating article comprising the aerosol-forming substrate; an inductor configured to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat a susceptor in the aerosol-generating article; a power supply for supplying power to the inductor; and power control electronics. The power control electronics may be configured to: control the supply of power from the power supply to the inductor in a first heating mode to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity that causes heating of the first susceptor of the first aerosol-generating article when the first aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity, and control the supply of power from the power supply to the inductor in a second heating mode, different to the first heating mode, to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity that causes heating of the second susceptor of the second aerosol-generating article when the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity. In the first heating mode the power control electronics may be configured to: supply a heating power to the inductor to heat the aerosol-generating substrate; monitor an electrical quantity of the heating power during a puff, wherein the electrical quantity is indicative of a temperature of the susceptor; determine whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined condition; and in response to determination of the predetermined condition being met, to modify the supply of power.
[0088] The heating power of the first mode may be a first heating power. The monitoring power of the first mode may be a first monitoring power.
[0089] In the second mode, the power control electronics may be configured to supply a second heating power to the inductor to heat the second susceptor to generate an aerosol from the second aerosol-forming substrate. The second heating power may be equal to the first heating power. The heating power may be greater than the first heating power. Preferably, the second heating power is less than the first heating power.
[0090] The second susceptor element may be a different size or configuration compared to the first susceptor element. The second aerosol-forming substrate is preferably different to the first aerosol-forming substrate. Therefore, the second heating power may be different to the first heating power to vaporise the second aerosol-forming substrate.
[0091] In the second mode, the power control electronics may be configured to supply a second monitoring power to the inductor to monitor an electrical quantity response to the second monitoring power. In the second mode the power control electronics may be configured to detect whether the monitored electrical quantity meets a second mode predetermined condition that indicates a puff, and if the monitored electrical quantity meets the second mode predetermined condition, to supply the second heating power to the second susceptor element.
[0092] Advantageously, the power control electronics may be configured to detect a puff and heat the aerosol-forming substrate for both the first aerosol-generating article and the second aerosol-generating article.
[0093] In the first mode the power control electronics may be configured to supply power to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat the first susceptor element, and in the second mode the power control electronics may be configured to supply power to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to continuously heat the second susceptor element to generate an aerosol from the second aerosol-forming substrate, when the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity.
[0094] Preferably, the power control electronics are configured to operate the device in the first mode and the second mode. Preferably, the power control electronics are configured to implement the first mode or the second mode, in response to a user selection. For example, after inserting at least a portion of an aerosol-generating article into the cavity, a user may select operation in the first mode or the second mode, and in response to the user selection, the power control electronics may be configured to implement the first mode or second mode. The aerosol-generating device may comprise a switch actuatable by a user to select the first mode or the second mode. The user may actuate the switch to select the first mode or the second mode and in response to the user selection, the power control electronics may be configured to implement the first mode or the second mode.
[0095] Advantageously, this may allow the user to control the mode in which the device operates thereby controlling their usage of the device.
[0096] The power control electronics may be configured to determine whether an aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity. The power control electronics may be configured to identify an aerosol-generating article received in the cavity.
[0097] The power control electronics may be configured to determine whether an aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity in an article detection mode. The power control electronics may be configured to identify an aerosol-generating article received in the cavity in an article detection mode. The article detection mode may be triggered or engaged when the aerosol-generating device is turned on by a user. In some embodiments, the article detection mode may be triggered or engaged when the aerosol-generating device is extracted from a power charging unit. In some of these embodiments, the aerosol-generating device may be configured to detect the extraction of the device from a power charging unit.
[0098] The power control electronics may be configured to supply power to the inductor in probing pulses, and determine from the probing pulses at least one property of the inductor that changes when a susceptor of an aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity. The power control electronics may be configured to supply power to the inductor in probing pulses when the power control electronics are in the article detection mode.
[0099] In some embodiments, the power control electronics are configured to determine when at least a portion the first aerosol-generating article comprising the first susceptor and the first aerosol-forming substrate is received in the cavity based on the determined property of the inductor. When it is determined that the first aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity, the power control electronics may be configured to operate the device in the first mode. In the first mode the power control electronics may be configured to supply power to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat the first susceptor element to generate an aerosol from the first aerosol-forming substrate.
[0100] In some embodiments, the power control electronics are configured to determine when at least a portion the second aerosol-generating article having the second susceptor and the second aerosol-forming substrate is received in the cavity based on the determined property of the inductor. When it is determined that the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity, the power control electronics may be configured to operate the device in the second mode. In the second mode the power control electronics may be configured to supply power to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat the second susceptor element to generate an aerosol from the second aerosol-forming substrate.
[0101] Advantageously, determining the type of aerosol-generating article received in the cavity, and controlling the aerosol-generating device based on the detected type of aerosol-generating article, enables the aerosol-generating device to optimise the experience for a user of the aerosol-generating device based on the type of aerosol-generating article that is used with the aerosol-generating device. Such operation also enables the aerosol-generating device to automatically provide the appropriate operating regime, such as continuous heating and puff-on-demand, for the type of aerosol-generating article that is received in the cavity, ensuring that a user does not accidentally select the incorrect regime and ultimately generate a suboptimal aerosol.
[0102] According to the present disclosure, there is provided an aerosol-generating system comprising an aerosol-generating device. The aerosol-generating device may comprise any one or more features of the aerosol-generating device as described herein.
[0103] The aerosol-generating system may comprise an aerosol-generating article as described in herein. The aerosol-generating article may comprise an aerosol-forming substrate for producing an aerosol. The aerosol-generating article may comprise a susceptor configured to heat the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0104] The aerosol-generating system may comprise a first aerosol-generating article. The first aerosol-generating article comprising a first susceptor and a first aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol-generating system may comprise a second aerosol-generating article. The second aerosol-generating article may comprise a second susceptor and a second aerosol-forming substrate. The second aerosol-generating article may be received separately from the first aerosol-generating article. Preferably, the second aerosol-forming substrate is different from the first aerosol-forming substrate.
[0105] The first aerosol-forming substrate may be a liquid aerosol-forming substrate. The first aerosol-forming article may comprise an air inlet, an air outlet and an airflow path defined between the air inlet and the air outlet. Preferably, the first susceptor element is situated in the airflow path. Preferably the airflow path comprises a restricted cross-section at the first susceptor. Advantageously, the restricted cross-section at the susceptor is for increasing the flow rate of the air as it flows through the airflow path at the susceptor. Advantageously, this may lead to an improved detection of a start or an end of a puff.
[0106] The second aerosol-forming substrate may be a solid aerosol-forming substrate.
[0107] The aerosol-generating system may be a handheld aerosol-generating system. The aerosol-generating system may be a handheld aerosol-generating system configured to allow a user to draw on a mouthpiece end to draw an aerosol through the air outlet. The aerosol-generating system may have a size comparable to a conventional cigar or cigarette. The aerosol-generating system may have a total length between about 25 millimetres and about 150 millimetres. The aerosol-generating system may have an external width or diameter between about 5 millimetres and about 30 millimetres.
[0108] The aerosol-forming substrate may form one of a plurality of component parts of the aerosol-generating article. In some embodiments, the aerosol-forming substrate alone may form the aerosol-generating article.
[0109] The first aerosol-forming substrate is preferably different to the second aerosol-forming substrate. For example, the first aerosol-forming substrate may have a different composition, quantity, state, or aerosol-former compared to the second aerosol-forming substrate. Preferably, the first aerosol-forming substrate is a liquid aerosol-forming substrate. Preferably, the second aerosol-forming substrate is a solid aerosol-forming substrate. Any description of an aerosol-forming substrate may equally be applied to the first aerosol forming substrate, the second aerosol-forming substrate, or both the first and second aerosol-forming substrates.
[0110] The aerosol-forming substrate may take any suitable form. Preferably, the aerosol-forming substrate may be a solid aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol-forming substrate may be a liquid aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise both solid and liquid components. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a solid. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a liquid. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gel. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise any combination of two or more of a solid, a liquid and a gel.
[0111] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise nicotine, a nicotine derivative, or a nicotine analogue. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more nicotine salts. The one or more nicotine salts may be selected from the list consisting of nicotine citrate, nicotine lactate, nicotine pyruvate, nicotine bitartrate, nicotine pectates, nicotine alginates, and nicotine salicylate.
[0112] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise tobacco. Alternatively, or in addition, the aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a non-tobacco material or tobacco-substitute material containing aerosol-forming material.
[0113] Where the aerosol-forming substrate is a solid aerosol-forming substrate or comprises a solid aerosol-forming substrate, the solid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise, for example, one or more of: powder, granules, pellets, shreds, strands, strips, or sheets containing one or more of: herb leaf, tobacco leaf, tobacco ribs, expanded tobacco and homogenised tobacco.
[0114] Optionally, the solid aerosol-forming substrate may contain tobacco or non-tobacco volatile flavour compounds, which are released upon heating of the solid aerosol-forming substrate. The solid aerosol-forming substrate may also contain one or more capsules that, for example, include additional tobacco volatile flavour compounds or non-tobacco volatile flavour compounds and such capsules may melt during heating of the solid aerosol-forming substrate.
[0115] In some embodiments, the solid aerosol-forming substrate comprises homogenised tobacco material. As used herein, the term “homogenised tobacco material” refers to a material formed by agglomerating particulate tobacco.
[0116] The solid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet of homogenised tobacco material. As used herein, the term “sheet” refers to a laminar element having a width and length substantially greater than the thickness thereof. As used herein, the term “gathered” is used to describe a sheet that is convoluted, folded, or otherwise compressed or constricted substantially transversely to the longitudinal axis of the aerosol-generating article.
[0117] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more botanicals, and / or one or more pharmaceutical agents.
[0118] Where the aerosol-forming substrate is a liquid aerosol-forming substrate or comprises a liquid aerosol-forming substrate, the liquid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise nicotine. The nicotine containing liquid aerosol-forming substrate may be a nicotine salt matrix. The liquid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant-based material. The liquid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise tobacco. The liquid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a tobacco-containing material containing volatile tobacco flavour compounds, which are released from the aerosol-forming substrate upon heating. The liquid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise homogenised tobacco material. The liquid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a non-tobacco-containing material. The liquid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise homogenised plant-based material.
[0119] Where the aerosol-forming substrate comprises a liquid or a gel, the liquid may be located inside a container, or cartridge, or porous body. Where the aerosol-forming substrate is a liquid aerosol-forming substrate, the aerosol-generating article comprising the liquid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a liquid reservoir configured to hold the liquid aerosol-forming substrate.
[0120] Where the aerosol-forming substrate comprises a liquid or a gel, in some embodiments, the aerosol-generating article may comprise an absorbent carrier. The aerosol-forming substrate may be coated on or impregnated into the absorbent carrier. For example, the nicotine compound and the aerosol-former may be combined with water as a liquid formulation. The liquid formulation may, in some embodiments, further comprise a flavourant. Such a liquid formulation may then be absorbed by the absorbent carrier or coated onto the surface of the absorbent carrier. The absorbent carrier may be a sheet or tablet of cellulosic-based material onto which the nicotine compound and the aerosol former may be coated or absorbed. The absorbent carrier may be a metallic, polymer or vegetal foam having liquid retaining and capillary properties and onto which the liquid or gel aerosol-forming substrate is coated or absorbed.
[0121] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aerosol former. As used herein, an “aerosol former” refers to any suitable known compound or mixture of compounds that, in use, facilitates formation of a dense and stable aerosol and that is substantially resistant to thermal degradation at the operating temperature of the aerosol-generating article. Suitable aerosol-formers are well known in the art and include, but are not limited to: polyhydric alcohols, such as triethylene glycol, 1, 3-butanediol and glycerine; esters of polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerol mono-, di-or triacetate; and aliphatic esters of mono-, di-or polycarboxylic acids, such as dimethyl dodecanedioate and dimethyl tetradecanedioate. Preferred aerosol formers are polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof, such as triethylene glycol, 1, 3-butanediol and glycerine.
[0122] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a single aerosol former. Alternatively, the aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a combination of two or more aerosol formers.
[0123] Preferably, the first aerosol-generating article comprises a first susceptor. Preferably, the second aerosol-generating article comprises a second susceptor. Preferably, the first susceptor is different to the second susceptor.
[0124] For example, the first susceptor may have a different form or be formed from a different material to the second susceptor. This may allow the most suitable susceptor to be selected for the aerosol-forming substrate of the aerosol-forming article.
[0125] The length of the second susceptor may be different from the length of the first susceptor. The width of the second susceptor may be different from the width of the first susceptor. The thickness of the second susceptor may be different from the thickness of the first susceptor.
[0126] The second susceptor may be formed from a different material than the first susceptor.
[0127] The second susceptor may have a different form or shape to the first susceptor. In some embodiments, the second susceptor is in the form of a strip, and the first susceptor is in the form of a mesh.
[0128] An electrical property of the second susceptor may be different to an electrical property of the first susceptor. A magnetic property of the second susceptor may be different to a magnetic property of the first susceptor. The electrical resistance of the second susceptor may be different to the electrical resistance of the first susceptor. The electrical resistance of the second susceptor at room temperature (i.e. at 20 degrees Celsius) may be different to the electrical resistance of the first susceptor at room temperature (i.e. at 20 degrees Celsius) .
[0129] The second susceptor may be arranged in the second aerosol-generating article such that when the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity of the aerosol-generating device, the second susceptor is arranged in the cavity at a different location to the location of the first susceptor in the cavity when the first aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity. The second susceptor may be arranged in the second aerosol-generating article such that when the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity of the aerosol-generating device, the second susceptor is arranged in the cavity at a different orientation to the orientation of the first susceptor in the cavity when the first aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity.
[0130] Any description of the susceptor may equally be applied to the first susceptor, the second susceptor, or both the first and second susceptors. The susceptor of an aerosol-generating article may have any suitable form and be formed from any suitable material.
[0131] Preferably, the susceptor comprises an electrically conductive material. For example, the susceptor may comprise a metallic material. The metallic material may be, for example, one of aluminium, nickel, iron, or alloys thereof, for example, carbon steel or ferritic stainless steel. Aluminium has an electrical resistivity of about 2.65 x 10-08 Ohm-meter, measured at room temperature (20℃) , and a magnetic permeability of about 1.256 x 10-06 Henry per meter. Likewise, ferritic stainless steel has an electrical resistivity of about 6.9 x 10-07 Ohm-meter, measured at room temperature (20℃) , and a magnetic permeability in a range of 1.26 x 10-03 Henry per meter to 2.26 x 10-03 Henry per meter.
[0132] Preferably, the susceptor comprises a magnetic material that is heatable by penetration with a varying or alternating magnetic field. The magnetic material may be a ferromagnetic material, such as ferrite, ferritic iron, a ferromagnetic alloy, a ferromagnetic steel, or a ferromagnetic stainless steel such as SAE 400 series stainless steels, SAE type 409, 410, 420 or 430 stainless steels.
[0133] As used herein, “magnetic material” refers to a material which is able to interact with a magnetic field, including both paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials.
[0134] In some preferred embodiments, the susceptor comprises at least about 5 percent, or at least about 20 percent, or at least about 50 percent, or at least about 90 percent of ferromagnetic or paramagnetic materials on a dry weight basis.
[0135] The susceptor may have any suitable form. The susceptor may be one of a particulate susceptor, or a susceptor filament, or a susceptor mesh, or a susceptor wick, or a susceptor pin, or a susceptor rod, or a susceptor blade, or a susceptor strip, or a susceptor sleeve, or a susceptor cup or a cylindrical susceptor, or a planar susceptor. For example, the susceptor may be an elongate susceptor strip having a length in a range of 8 millimetres to 16 millimetres, or 10 millimetres to 14 millimetres, or 12 millimetres. The susceptor strip may have a width in a range of 2 millimetres to 6 millimetres, or 4 millimetres 10 millimetres to 5 millimetres. The susceptor strip may have a thickness in a range of 0.03 millimetres to 0.15 millimetres, or 0.05 millimetres to 0.09 millimetres.
[0136] According to the present disclosure, there may be provided a method for controlling the supply of power to an aerosol-generating article, wherein at least a portion of the aerosol-generating article is removably received in a cavity of an aerosol-generating device. The method may comprise supplying a heating power to the inductor to heat the aerosol-generating substrate; monitoring an electrical quantity response to the heating power, preferably during a puff; determining whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined condition; and in response to a determination that the predetermined condition is met, modifying the supply of power. The aerosol-generating device may comprise any one or more features of any aerosol-generating device as described herein. The aerosol-generating article may comprise any one or more features of any aerosol-generating article as described herein.
[0137] As used herein, “aerosol-generating system” refers to a system that interacts with an aerosol-forming substrate to generate an aerosol. Preferably, the aerosol-generating system is a system that interacts with an aerosol-forming substrate to generate an inhalable aerosol that is directly inhalable into a user's lungs thorough the user's mouth. As used herein, an aerosol-generating system comprises an aerosol-generating article and an aerosol-generating device
[0138] As used herein, “aerosol-forming substrate” refers to a substrate capable of releasing volatile compounds that can form an aerosol. Such volatile compounds may be released by heating the aerosol-forming substrate. In this disclosure, an aerosol-forming substrate refers to aerosol-forming substrates in any form, such as solid aerosol-forming substrates and liquid aerosol-forming substrates.
[0139] As used herein, “aerosol-generating article” refers to an article comprising an aerosol-forming substrate. An aerosol-generating article is typically configured for use with an aerosol-generating device, which cooperate to generate an aerosol from the aerosol-forming substrate. An aerosol-generating article may be disposable.
[0140] The aerosol-generating article may be a cartridge. As used herein, “cartridge” refers to an article comprising an aerosol-forming substrate. A cartridge typically comprises a liquid aerosol-forming substrate stored in a reservoir.
[0141] As used herein, “aerosol-generating device” refers to a device that is configured to interact with an aerosol-forming substrate or an aerosol-generating article comprising an aerosol-forming substrate to generate an aerosol. Typically, an aerosol-generating device is a portable device. Typically, an aerosol-generating device is a handheld device.
[0142] As used herein, “puff” is used to describe the action of a user of the aerosol-generating system drawing on an air outlet of an airflow path through the aerosol-generating system to receive and inhale aerosol generated by the aerosol-generating system.
[0143] As used herein, “length” refers to the maximum dimension of a feature in a longitudinal direction of the feature.
[0144] As used herein, “width” or “diameter” refers to the maximum dimension of a feature in a transverse direction of the feature. The transverse direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
[0145] As used herein, “thickness” and “depth” refer to the maximum dimension of a feature in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the feature and perpendicular to the transverse direction of the feature.
[0146] As used herein, the term “duty cycle” means the percentage of the ratio of pulse duration, or pulse width to the total period over which the pulses are supplied. For example, the “duty cycle” of pulses of electrical current is the percentage of the ratio of pulse duration, or pulse width to the total period over which the pulses of current are supplied.
[0147] As used herein, “alternating current” refers to a current that periodically reverses direction. The alternating current may have any suitable frequency. Suitable frequencies for the alternating current may be between 100 kilohertz (kHz) and 30 megahertz (MHz) . Where the at least one inductor coil is a tubular inductor coil, the alternating current may have a frequency of between 500 kilohertz (kHz) and 30 megahertz (MHz) . Where the at least one inductor coil is a flat coil, the alternating current may have a frequency of be-tween 100 kilohertz (kHz) , and 1 megahertz (MHz) .
[0148] The invention is defined in the claims. However, below there is provided a non-exhaustive list of non-limiting examples. Any one or more of the features of these examples may be combined with any one or more features of another example, embodiment, or aspect described herein. Ex1. An aerosol-generating device configured to generate an aerosol from an aerosol-forming substrate, the device comprising:
[0149] a cavity configured to removably receive at least a portion of an aerosol-generating article comprising the aerosol-forming substrate;
[0150] an inductor configured to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat a susceptor in the aerosol-generating article;
[0151] a power supply for supplying power to the inductor; and
[0152] power control electronics configured to control power supplied from the power supply to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity, wherein in a first mode the power control electronics are configured to:
[0153] supply a heating power to the inductor to heat the aerosol-generating substrate;
[0154] monitor an electrical quantity response to the heating power;
[0155] determine whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined condition; and
[0156] in response to a determination that the predetermined condition is met, to modify the supply of power.
[0157] Ex2. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the power control electronics are configured to detect the end of a puff, wherein preferably the predetermined condition comprises a predetermined puff end condition that indicates the end of the puff.
[0158] Ex3. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex1 or Ex2, wherein the power control electronics are configured to detect a dry susceptor, wherein preferably the predetermined condition comprises a predetermined dry susceptor condition that indicates a dry susceptor.
[0159] Ex4. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein in response to determination of the predetermined condition being met, the power control electronics are configured to stop supplying the heating power to the inductor.
[0160] Ex5. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, in response to determination of the predetermined condition being met, the power control electronics are configured to supply a lower level of power, for example a monitoring power to the inductor.
[0161] Ex6. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex5, wherein the monitoring power has duty cycle of less than 20 percent, for example less than 15 percent, for example less than 10 percent, for example less than 5 percent.
[0162] Ex7. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the heating power has duty cycle of greater than 50 percent, for example greater than 60 percent, for example greater than 70 percent, for example great than 80 percent, for example greater than 90 percent.
[0163] Ex8. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the electrical quantity is a quantity selected from the list consisting of; electrical conductance, apparent electrical conductance, electrical resistance, apparent electrical resistance, inductance, current, voltage, frequency, and phase.
[0164] Ex9. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex8, wherein the electrical quantity is the apparent electrical conductance of the inductor.
[0165] Ex10. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the property of the electrical quantity comprises a first derivative of the function of the monitored electrical quantity of the heating power supply with time.
[0166] Ex11. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the property of the electrical quantity comprises a second derivative of the function of the monitored electrical quantity of the monitoring power supply with time.
[0167] Ex12. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex10 or Ex11, wherein the predetermined condition comprises a value of the first derivative being less than or greater than a first threshold value, wherein preferably the first threshold value is about zero, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 150, 200 or 250.
[0168] Ex13. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex11 or Ex12, wherein the predetermined condition comprises a value of the second derivative being less than or greater than a second threshold value, wherein preferably, the second threshold value is about zero, 5, 10, 20 50, 100, 150, 200 or 250.
[0169] Ex14. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex13, wherein the power control electronics are configured to determine the end of a puff, wherein the electrical quantity is the apparent electrical conductance of the inductor, the power control electrics are configured to the determine whether a first derivative of the function the apparent electrical conductance with time is less than the threshold value of 0 and whether a second derivative of the function the apparent electrical conductance with time is less than the threshold value of 0 and if both the derivatives are determined to be less than the threshold value of 0, the power control electronics are configured to determine that the property of the electrical conductance meets the predetermined puff end condition; and in response to a determination that the predetermined puff end condition is met, to modify the supply of power.
[0170] Ex15. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the property of the electrical control parameter is the value of the electrical control parameter.
[0171] Ex16. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex15, wherein the predetermined condition is that a change of value of the electrical control parameter is greater than or less than a predetermined amount over a predetermined period, such as a predetermined amount of time or over a time duration of a puff.
[0172] Ex17. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex16, in which the predetermined amount of time is equal to the amount of time in which power pulses are not supplied during the duty cycle of the heating power.
[0173] Ex18. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the power control electronics are configured to modify the supply of power in response to a determination that the predetermined condition is met in at least two consecutive puffs.
[0174] Ex19. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, further comprising a temperature sensor configured to monitor a temperature of the inductor.
[0175] Ex20. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex19, wherein the power control electronics are configured to determine if the monitored temperature exceeds a threshold temperature, or increases above a threshold increase, and in response stop supplying the heating power, wherein preferably the threshold temperature or increase indicate the end of a puff.
[0176] Ex21. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, in which the power control electronics are further configured to detect the start of a puff.
[0177] Ex22. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex21, in which the power control electronics are further configured to supply a monitoring power to the inductor and to monitor an electrical quantity of the monitoring power;
[0178] detect whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined puff start condition that indicates a puff, for example the start of a puff; and
[0179] if the monitored electrical quantity meets the predetermined puff start condition, to supply a heating power to the inductor to heat the susceptor to generate an aerosol from the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0180] Ex23. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex22, wherein the predetermined puff start condition is an increase in the electrical conductance of the susceptor of about 1 percent.
[0181] Ex24. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, comprising a sensor actuatable by a user, wherein the power control electronics are configured to detect actuation of the sensor, and in response to actuation of the sensor the power control electronics are configured to supply the monitoring power or to supply the heating power to the inductor.
[0182] Ex25. The aerosol-generating device according to claim 24, wherein the sensor comprises at least one of a push button, an accelerometer, or a proximity sensor.
[0183] Ex26. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the monitoring power is configured to heat the susceptor to a temperature below a vaporisation temperature of a component of the aerosol-forming substrate, and above an ambient temperature.
[0184] Ex27. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the monitoring power is configured to heat the susceptor to a temperature of between 20 degrees Celsius and 200 degrees Celsius, for example between 25 degrees Celsius and 180 degrees Celsius, for example between 30 degrees Celsius and 150 degrees Celsius, for example between 35 degrees Celsius and 120 degrees Celsius, for example between 40 degrees Celsius and 100 degrees Celsius.
[0185] Ex28. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the heating power is configured to heat susceptor to a temperature of between 200 degrees Celsius and 500 degrees Celsius, for example between 250 degrees Celsius and 450 degrees Celsius, for example between 300 degrees Celsius and 400 degrees Celsius, for example between 350 degrees Celsius and 390 degrees Celsius.
[0186] Ex29. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the power control electronics are configured to supply the monitoring power for a predetermined amount of time and after the predetermined amount of time to stop supplying the monitoring power.
[0187] Ex30. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the power supply is a DC power supply configured to supply a DC supply voltage to the inductor.
[0188] Ex31. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex30, comprising a DC / AC converter to convert direct current supplied by the DC power supply to an alternating current for supplying the inductor.
[0189] Ex32. The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding example, wherein the cavity is configured to:
[0190] removably receive at least a portion of a first aerosol-generating article, the first aerosol-generating article comprising a first susceptor element, and a first aerosol-forming substrate; and
[0191] removably receive at least a portion of a second aerosol-generating article, separately from the first aerosol-generating article, the second aerosol-generating article comprising a second susceptor element, and a second aerosol-forming substrate, the second aerosol-forming substrate being different from the first aerosol-forming substrate.
[0192] Ex33. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex32, wherein in the first mode the power control electronics are configured to supply power to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat the first susceptor element; and
[0193] the power control electronics are configured to operate the device in a second mode to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity that causes heating of the second susceptor of the second aerosol-generating article when the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity. Ex34. An aerosol-generating device configured to generate an aerosol from an aerosol-forming substrate, the device comprising:
[0194] a cavity configured to removably receive at least a portion of an aerosol-generating article comprising the aerosol-forming substrate;
[0195] an inductor configured to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat a susceptor in the aerosol-generating article;
[0196] a power supply for supplying power to the inductor; and
[0197] power control electronics configured to:
[0198] control the supply of power from the power supply to the inductor in a first heating mode to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity that causes heating of the first susceptor of the first aerosol-generating article when the first aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity, and
[0199] control the supply of power from the power supply to the inductor in a second heating mode, different to the first heating mode, to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity that causes heating of the second susceptor of the second aerosol-generating article when the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity,
[0200] wherein in the first heating mode the power control electronics are configured to:
[0201] supply a heating power to the inductor to heat the aerosol-generating substrate;
[0202] monitor an electrical quantity response to the heating power;
[0203] determine whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined condition; and
[0204] in response to determination of the predetermined condition being met, to modify the supply of power.
[0205] Ex35. The aerosol-generating device according to example Ex33 or Ex34, wherein in the second mode the power control electronics are configured to continuously heat the second susceptor element, when the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity.
[0206] Ex36. An aerosol-generating system comprising:
[0207] an aerosol-generating device according to any one of example Ex1 to Ex35;
[0208] a first aerosol-generating article, the first aerosol-generating article comprising a first susceptor, and a first aerosol-forming substrate; and
[0209] a second aerosol-generating article, the second aerosol-generating article comprising a second aerosol-forming substrate, separately from the first aerosol-generating article, the second aerosol-generating article comprising a second susceptor and a second aerosol-forming substrate, the second aerosol-forming substrate being different from the first aerosol-forming substrate. Ex37. The aerosol-generating system according to example Ex36, wherein the first aerosol-forming substrate is a liquid aerosol-forming substrate, and the second aerosol-forming substrate is a solid aerosol-forming substrate.
[0210] Ex38. A method for controlling the supply of power to an aerosol-generating article, wherein at least a portion of the aerosol-generating article is removably received in a cavity of an aerosol-generating device, the method comprising:
[0211] supplying a heating power to the inductor to heat the aerosol-generating substrate;
[0212] monitoring an electrical quantity response to the heating power;
[0213] determining whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined condition; and
[0214] in response to a determination that the predetermined condition is met, modifying the supply of power.
[0215] Ex39. An aerosol-generating device configured to generate an aerosol from an aerosol-forming substrate, the device comprising:
[0216] a cavity configured to removably receive at least a portion of an aerosol-generating article comprising the aerosol-forming substrate;
[0217] an inductor configured to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat a susceptor in the aerosol-generating article;
[0218] temperature sensor configured to monitor a temperature of the inductor;
[0219] a power supply for supplying power to the inductor; and
[0220] power control electronics configured to control power supplied from the power supply to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity, wherein in a first mode the power control electronics are configured to:
[0221] supply a heating power to the inductor to heat the aerosol-generating substrate;
[0222] determine if the monitored temperature exceeds a threshold temperature, or increases above a threshold increase, and in response stop supplying the heating power, wherein preferably the threshold temperature or increase indicate the end of a puff.
[0223] SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION
[0224] Examples will now be further described with reference to the figures in which:
[0225] Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of a first aerosol-generating article for an aerosol-generating system according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
[0226] Figure 2 shows a schematic illustration of a device of an aerosol-generating system according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
[0227] Figure 3 shows a schematic illustration of an aerosol-generating system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the aerosol-generating system comprising the aerosol-generating article of Figure 1, and the aerosol-generating device of Figure 2;
[0228] Figure 4 shows a schematic illustration of a second aerosol-generating article for an aerosol-generating system according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
[0229] Figure 5 shows a schematic illustration of the aerosol-generating system of Figure 3, the aerosol-generating system comprising the aerosol-generating article of Figure 4, and the aerosol-generating device of Figure 2;
[0230] Figure 6 shows a circuit diagram of the aerosol-generating device of Figure 2;
[0231] Figure 7 shows a graph of electrical conductance with time of the aerosol-generating device of Figure 2 with the first aerosol-generating article of Figure 1 received in the cavity of the aerosol-generating device;
[0232] Figure 8 shows a schematic illustration of an aerosol-generating device according to a second embodiment of the disclosure;
[0233] Figure 9 shows a graph illustrating the electrical conductance of the inductor of the second embodiment as a function of time during a puff;
[0234] Figure 10 shows a graph illustrating the electrical conductance of the inductor of the second embodiment as a function of time due to natural susceptor cooling;
[0235] Figure 11 shows a graph illustrating monitored electrical conductance as a function of time when a puff ends;
[0236] Figure 12 shows a schematic illustration of an aerosol-generating device according to a third embodiment of the disclosure;
[0237] Figure 13 shows a graph illustrating monitored electrical conductance as a function of time to indicate a puff end;
[0238] Figure 14 shows a graph illustrating monitored electrical conductance as a function of time to indicate a dry puff; and
[0239] Figure 15 shows a graph illustrating rate of change of monitored electrical conductance as a function of time to indicate a dry puff.
[0240] An example of an aerosol-generating system 10 according to the present disclosure is shown in Figures 1-5. The aerosol-generating system 10 comprises an aerosol-generating device 12, and two aerosol-generating articles, a first aerosol-generating article 14 comprising a first aerosol-forming substrate 26 and a first susceptor 31, and a second aerosol-generating article 114, the second aerosol-generating article 114 comprising a second aerosol-forming substrate 126 and a second susceptor 131.
[0241] Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of the first aerosol-generating article 14 of the aerosol-generating system 10. The first aerosol-generating article 14 is in the form of a cartridge. The cartridge 14 comprises a cartridge housing 16, which is substantially tubular, defining an inner passage 19.
[0242] The housing 16 defines a liquid reservoir 25 that is configured to hold the first aerosol-forming substrate 26. In this embodiment, the first aerosol-forming substrate comprises a liquid aerosol-forming substrate of one of the types described above. The inner passage 19 extends centrally through the liquid reservoir 25 such that the liquid reservoir 25 is a substantially annular reservoir.
[0243] The cartridge 14 comprises a mouth end 20 and a connection end 21. At the mouth end 20, the cartridge 14 comprises an air outlet 22, in the form of an opening at one end of the inner passage 19. At the connection end 21, the cartridge 14 comprises an air inlet 35, in the form of an opening at the opposite end of the inner passage 19 to the air outlet 22.
[0244] The cartridge 14 further comprises a heater assembly 30. The heater assembly 30 is generally in the form of a flat, planar sheet. The heater assembly 30 comprises a heating element 31, in the form of the first susceptor 31, and a wicking element 32 arranged in fluid communication with the first susceptor 31. In this embodiment, the first susceptor 31 comprises a sintered mesh formed from ferritic stainless steel filaments and austenitic stainless steel filaments. The wicking element 32 comprises a porous body of rayon filaments.
[0245] The heater assembly 30 is arranged to extend across the inner passage 19, with the first susceptor 31 arranged in the inner passage 19. The wicking element 32 extends outwardly beyond the first susceptor 31 at opposing ends, with each end extending through the housing 16 and into reservoir 25.
[0246] In use, the first aerosol-forming substrate 26 held in the reservoir 25 comes into contact with the ends of the wicking element 32 of the heater assembly 30, and is drawn by capillary action through the wicking element 32 and onto the first susceptor 31 in the inner passage 19.
[0247] Figure 2 shows a schematic illustration of the aerosol-generating device 12 of the aerosol-generating system 10.
[0248] The aerosol-generating device 12 comprises a connection end 38 and a distal end opposite the connection end 38. The aerosol-generating device 12 comprises a device housing 40, which defines a cavity 41 at the connection end 38 of the aerosol-generating device 12. The cavity 41 is open at the connection end 38 of the aerosol-generating device 12, and is substantially closed at the opposite.
[0249] The cavity 41 is configured to receive the connection end 21 of the first aerosol-generating article 14. The cavity 41 is also configured to receive a connection end 121 of the second aerosol-generating article 114, which is described in more detail below with reference to Figures 4, and 5.
[0250] The aerosol-generating device 12 further comprises an inductor comprising an inductor coil 42. The inductor coil 42 circumscribes a portion of the cavity 41. In this embodiment, the inductor coil 42 is a helical coil circumscribing a portion of the cavity 41, and has a circular cross-section when viewed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the aerosol-generating device 12.
[0251] In this embodiment, the inductor coil 42 is formed from litz wire. The litz wire comprises 2000 strands of copper wire, each individual wire having a circular cross-section with a diameter of 20 microns (μm) , and being coated in an electrically insulating layer of polyurethane. The litz wire is a multi stage litz wire, in which bundles of the individual wires are twisted together in multiple stages. In this embodiment, the litz wire has a four stage bundling construction. In a first bundling stage, sixteen of the individual copper wires are bundled or twisted together, in a second bundling stage, five of the first bundles are bundled or twisted together, in a third bundling stage, five of the second bundles are bundled or twisted together, and in a fourth bundling stage, five of the third bundles are bundled or twisted together to form the multi stage litz wire. The litz wire has a circular cross-section and a length of lay of about 16 millimetres (mm) . It will be appreciated that alternatively, the inductor coil could be made with a copper wire having a round circular section.
[0252] In order to generate the required alternating magnetic field in the cavity 41 to heat a susceptor of an aerosol-generating article received in the cavity 41, the inductor coil 42 is driven during use with a high frequency alternating current, typically at frequencies over 5 megahertz (MHz) , and often at frequencies of around 6.78 megahertz (MHz) . The inductor coil 42 is formed from a litz wire to reduce the high frequency losses that would arise due to the skin effect at such high frequencies in a single stranded wire of similar diameter. The relatively small diameter of the individual wires of the litz wire is required to avoid skin effect losses at the high operating frequencies, the relatively high number of wires is required to achieve a low resistance for the coil, and the relatively large number of bundling stages is required to keep the number of wires per stage low, to reduce skin effect losses in each bundle at the high operating frequencies.
[0253] The inductor coil 42 is arranged such that when the connection end 21 of the first aerosol-generating article 14 is received in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12, as shown in Figure 3, the inductor coil 42 is aligned with the susceptor 31 of the first aerosol-generating article 14.
[0254] The aerosol-generating device 12 further comprises power control electronics 43, and a DC power supply 44. The DC power supply 44 comprises a rechargeable lithium ion battery, which is rechargeable via an electrical connector (not shown) at a distal end of the aerosol-generating device 12, opposite the connection end 38. The power control electronics 43 comprise a controller (not shown) that is connected to the power supply 44, and to the inductor coil 42, such that the power control electronics 43 are able to control a supply of power to the inductor coil 42 from the DC power supply 44. The controller of the power control electronics 43, and the DC power supply 44 are configured to supply an alternating current to the inductor coil 42.
[0255] In this embodiment, the first susceptor 31, the inductor coil 42, and a portion of the power control electronics 43 together form an inductive heating arrangement 45 when the first susceptor 31 is received in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12. In this embodiment, the inductor coil 42, and a portion of the power control electronics 43 together form the inductive heating arrangement 45 when the first susceptor 31 is not received in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the power control electronics may not form part of the inductive heating arrangement. In these embodiments, the inductive heating arrangement may comprise inductive heating electronics connected to the power control electronics. In these embodiments, the susceptor, the inductor coil, and the inductive heating electronics may form the inductive heating arrangement when the susceptor is received in the cavity of the aerosol-generating device, and the inductor coil, and the inductive heating electronics may form the inductive heating arrangement when the susceptor is not received in the cavity of the aerosol-generating device.
[0256] When an alternating current is supplied to the inductor coil 42, the inductor coil 42 generates an alternating magnetic field in the cavity 41. When the connection end 21 of the first aerosol-generating article 14 is received in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12, the alternating magnetic field generated by the inductor coil 42 is generated in the region of the first susceptor 31, which is aligned with the inductor coil 42.
[0257] The aerosol-generating device 12 further comprises a flux concentrator 46, which partially surrounds the inductor coil 42 and is configured to attenuate the alternating magnetic field generated by the inductor coil 42 in the direction radially outwardly from the device. This may reduce interference between the alternating magnetic field and other nearby electronic devices and reduce the risk of the alternating magnetic field inductively heating nearby objects outside of the aerosol-generating system.
[0258] The power control electronics 43 are configured to control power supplied from the power supply 44 to the inductor coil 42 to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity 41. The power supply electronics 43 are configured to operate in a first mode. In the first mode, the power control electronics 43 are configured to supply a monitoring power to the inductor coil 42 and to monitor an electrical quantity response to the monitoring power. The monitoring power in this example may have a duty cycle of 30 percent or less, preferably about 8 percent, and it is configured to heat the susceptor to a temperature of between 20 and 200 degrees Celsius. While the monitoring power is being supplied, the power control electronics 43 are configured to detect whether the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined puff start condition that indicates the start of a puff. In this example, the electrical quantity is electrical conductance of the inductive heating arrangement 45 and the predetermined puff start condition that is the electrical conductance increases by at least 1 percent. If the monitored electrical quantity meets this predetermined puff start condition, the power control electronics 43 are configured to supply a heating power to the inductor 42 to heat the first susceptor 31 to generate an aerosol from the first aerosol-forming substrate 26. The heating power has a duty cycle of at least 41 percent and in this example is about 95 percent and is configured to heat the first susceptor 31 to a temperature of between 200 and 500 degrees Celsius.
[0259] In the first mode, the power control electronics 43 are configured to detect the end of a puff. In the first mode, the power control electronics 43 are configured to supply a heating power to the inductor coil 42 to heat the first aerosol-forming substrate 26. The power control electronics 43 are configured to monitor an electrical quantity response to the heating power during the puff and determine whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined puff end condition that indicates the end of a puff. In response to a determination that the predetermined puff end condition is met, the power control electronics 43 are configured to modify the supply of power to the inductor coil 42. In this example the electrical quantity of the heating power that is monitored is electrical conductance of the inductor coil 42. The property of the monitored electrical quantity is the value of electrical conductance and the predetermined puff end condition is, for example, that the electrical conductance decreases by at least 1 percent. When the monitored electrical quantity meets the predetermined puff end condition the power control electronics 43 are configured to stop supplying the heating power to the inductor coil 42 and start supplying the monitoring power to the inductor coil 42. Therefore the power control electronics 43, in response to detection of the end of a puff are configured to reduce the power supplied from the power supply 44 to the inductor coil 42 from a duty cycle of abut 90 percent to about 8 percent.
[0260] In the first mode, the power control electronics 43 are further configured to detect a dry susceptor. In other words the power control electronics 43 are configured to detect if the first susceptor 31 element is not supplied with sufficient liquid aerosol-forming substrate. The power control electronics 43 are configured to monitor an electrical quantity of the heating power, determine whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined dry susceptor condition that indicates a dry susceptor, and in response to a determination that the predetermined dry susceptor condition is met, to modify the supply of power by stopping supply of the heating power to the inductor coil 42.
[0261] In this example, the monitored electrical quantity of the heating power used to determine a dry susceptor is the electrical conductance of the inductor coil 42. The property of the monitored electrical quantity is the value of the electrical conductance of the inductor coil 42 and the predetermined dry susceptor condition is of change of the value of electrical conductance of the inductor coil 42 is being a drop of greater than a dry threshold amount. In this example, the dry threshold amount is 10 percent. When the power control electronics 43 determine that the dry susceptor condition is met, they are configured to stop supplying the heating power. In some examples, the power control electronics 43 may be configured to modify the supply of power in response to the predetermined dry susceptor condition being met at least twice in two consecutive puffs.
[0262] Figure 3 shows the first aerosol-generating article 14 in use with the aerosol-generating device 12, with the connection end 21 of the first aerosol-generating article 14 received in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12.
[0263] As shown in Figure 3, when the connection end 21 of the cartridge 14 is received in the cavity 41, the inductor coil 42 is aligned with the heater assembly 30 of the first aerosol-generating article 14, such that the inductor coil 42 is aligned with the first susceptor 31. When the connection end 21 of the cartridge 14 is received in the cavity 41, the alternating magnetic field generated by the inductor coil 42 is generated in the region of the first susceptor 31.
[0264] Also as shown in Figure 3, when the connection end 21 of the cartridge 14 is received in the cavity 41, an air inlet 48, and air gap 49 are defined between the first cartridge housing part 18 and the device housing 38 to enable ambient air to be drawn into the aerosol-generating system 10. The air gap 49 extends the length of the connection end 21 of the cartridge 14 and the length of the cavity 41 to the air inlet 35 of the cartridge 14.
[0265] An airflow path is defined through the aerosol-generating system 10 when the connection end 21 of the cartridge 14 is received in the cavity 41. The airflow path comprises the air inlet 48, the air gap 49, the air inlet 35, the inner passage 19, and the air outlet 22.
[0266] A user may draw on the mouth end 20 of the cartridge 14, and draw ambient air into the aerosol-generating system 10 at the air inlet 48, through the airflow path, and out of the aerosol-generating system 10 at the air outlet 22. Air drawn through the inner passage 19 of the cartridge 14 flows over the first susceptor 31.
[0267] In use, the connection end 21 of the cartridge 14 is inserted into the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12.
[0268] The power control electronics 43 determine that the cartridge 14 is received in the cavity 41, as described in more detail below, therefore the power control electronics 43 are configured to operate in the first mode.
[0269] In the first mode, upon determination that the first aerosol-generating article 14 is received in the cavity 41, the power control electronics 43 are configured to supply the monitoring power to the inductor 42.
[0270] The power control electronics 43 control supply of power from the DC power supply to the inductor to supply the monitoring power.
[0271] Initially, the power control electronics 43 are configured to supply a monitoring power with a duty cycle of about 8 percent. The power control electronics 43 monitor the apparent electrical conductance of the inductive heating arrangement 45 in response to the monitoring power being supplied to the inductor 42.
[0272] When a user takes a puffon the mouth end 20 of the cartridge 14, air is drawn into the aerosol-generating system 10 at the air inlet 48, through the air gap 49 The user's puff is detected by the power control electronics 43, and the controller of the power control electronics 43 determines that a puff has been taken on the aerosol-generating system 10. The power control electronics 43 detect the puff by detecting that the electrical control parameter that is the electrical conductance of the inductive heating arrangement 45 meets the predetermined puff start criteria of increasing by over 1 percent. The power control electronics 43, on detecting a puff, cause an alternating current from the DC power supply 44 to be supplied to the inductor coil 42, which generates an alternating magnetic field in the device cavity 41. The first susceptor 31 of the cartridge 14 is penetrated by the alternating magnetic field and is heated by Joule heating through induction of eddy currents in the susceptor, and through hysteresis losses. The heated first susceptor 31 heats liquid first aerosol-forming substrate 26 drawn from the reservoir 25 by the wicking element 32 to the first susceptor 31, and the heated aerosol-forming substrate 26 releases volatile compounds as a vapour into the inner passage 19 of the cartridge 14. The vapour is entrained in airflow through the inner passage 19, cools as it is drawn along the inner passage 19, and condenses to form an aerosol. The aerosol is drawn out of the aerosol-generating system 10 at the air outlet 22 of the cartridge 14, where it is inhaled by the user.
[0273] In the first mode, the power control electronics 43 are configured to detect the end of a puff by determining whether the electrical conductance meets the predetermined puff end condition, which is that the value of electrical conductance falls by 1 percent while the heating power is supplied. If the monitored electrical quantity meets the predetermined puff end condition the power control electronics 43 stop supplying the heating power to the inductor 43 and start supplying the monitoring power.
[0274] The power control electronics also use the electrical conductance to determine if the susceptor element 31 is dry. If the power control electronics 43 determine that the electrical conductance meets the predetermined dry susceptor condition, which in this example is that the value of the electrical conductance falls by at least 10 percent, which indicates that the susceptor is dry, they stop supply of the heating power to the inductor 43.
[0275] Figure 4 shows a schematic illustration of the second aerosol-generating article 114 of the aerosol-generating system 10.
[0276] The second aerosol-generating article 114 comprises a mouth end 120 and a connection end 121.
[0277] At the mouth end 120, the second aerosol-generating article 114 comprises a mouthpiece element 115, and a hollow tubular segment 117. The mouthpiece element 115 is arranged at a location immediately downstream of the hollow tubular segment 117, such that an upstream end of the mouthpiece element 115 abuts the downstream end of the hollow tubular segment 117.
[0278] The mouthpiece element 115 is provided in the form of a cylindrical plug of Iow-density cellulose acetate. The mouthpiece element 115 has a length of about 12 millimetres, and an external diameter of about 7.25 millimetres.
[0279] The hollow tubular segment 117 is provided in the form of a hollow cylindrical tube made of cellulose acetate. The hollow tubular segment 117 defines an internal cavity that is substantially empty, and so substantially unrestricted airflow is enabled along the internal cavity. The hollow tubular segment 17 has a length of about 8 millimetres, an external diameter of about 7.25 millimetres, and an internal diameter (DSTS) of about 3.25 millimetres. A thickness of a peripheral wall of the hollow tubular segment 17 is about 2 millimetres.
[0280] At the connection end 121, the second aerosol-generating article 114 comprises a rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126. In this embodiment, the rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126 comprises a solid aerosol-forming substrate of one of the types described above. The rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126 has an external diameter of about 7.25 millimetres and a length of about 12 millimetres.
[0281] At the connection end 121, the second aerosol-generating article 114 further comprises the second susceptor 131, in the form of an elongate susceptor element within the rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126. The second susceptor 131 is provided in the form of a strip and has a length of about 10 millimetres, a thickness of about 60 micrometres, and a width of about 4 millimetres.
[0282] In more detail, the second susceptor 131 is arranged substantially longitudinally within the rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126, such as to be approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126. The second susceptor 131 is positioned in a radially central position within the rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126, and extends effectively along the longitudinal axis of the rod. The second susceptor 131 extends substantially from an upstream end to a downstream end of the rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126. In effect, the second susceptor 131 has the same length as the rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126.
[0283] At the connection end 121, the second aerosol-generating article 114 further comprises an upstream element 133 located immediately upstream of the rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126. The upstream element 133 is in longitudinal alignment with the rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126. A downstream end of the upstream element 133 abuts an upstream end of the rod of the second aerosol-forming substrate 126. This arrangement advantageously prevents the second susceptor 131 from being dislodged. Further, this arrangement ensures that the consumer cannot accidentally contact the second susceptor 131 after use, when it has been heated. The upstream element 133 is provided in the form of a cylindrical plug of cellulose acetate circumscribed by a stiff wrapper. The upstream element 133 has a length of about 5 millimetres. An upstream end 135 of the upstream element 133 is open to enable air to be drawn into the second aerosol-generating article 114 through the upstream end.
[0284] Figure 5 shows the second aerosol-generating article 114 in use with the aerosol-generating device 12, with the connection end 121 of the second aerosol-generating article 114 received in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12.
[0285] The inductor coil 42 is arranged such that when the connection end 121 of the second aerosol-generating article 114 is received in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12, as shown in Figure 5, the inductor coil 42 is aligned with the second susceptor 131 of the second aerosol-generating article 114.
[0286] The inductor coil 42 has a similar length to the second susceptor 131, such that the alternating magnetic field generated by the inductor coil 42 penetrates the length of the second susceptor 131, when the second susceptor 131 is received in the cavity 41. In contrast, the first susceptor 31 has a length that is about half the length of the second susceptor 131. Accordingly, the inductor coil 42 has a length that is larger than the length of the first susceptor 31. The alternating magnetic field generated by the inductor coil 42 penetrates the length of the first susceptor 31, although the efficiency of the coupling between the inductor coil 42 and the first susceptor 31 is less than that between the inductor coil 42 and the second susceptor 131 in the second aerosol-generating article 114, as more energy is dissipated in the inductor coil 42 when it is coupled with the first susceptor 31 compared to when it is coupled with the second susceptor 131. In order to ensure that the aerosol-generating system 10 operates with an acceptable efficiency (i.e. with minimal losses) when used with the first aerosol-generating article 14, it is particularly advantageous to use a litz wire to form the inductor coil 42 in this system.
[0287] Although in this embodiment the first susceptor 31 has a length that is about half the length of the second susceptor 131, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments the first susceptor may have a length that is less than half the length of the second susceptor, or a length that is greater than half the length of the second susceptor. For example, the first susceptor may have a length that is a third the length of the second susceptor, or a quarter the length of the second susceptor. For example, the first susceptor may have a length that is two thirds the length of the second susceptor, or three quarters the length of the second susceptor.
[0288] In this embodiment, the second susceptor 131, the inductor coil 42, and a portion of the power control electronics 43 together form an inductive heating arrangement 45 when the second susceptor 131 is received in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12. In this embodiment, the inductor coil 42, and a portion of the power control electronics 43 together form the inductive heating arrangement 45 when the second susceptor 131 is not received in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12.
[0289] As shown in Figure 5, in use, when the connection end 121 of the second aerosol-generating article 114 is received in the cavity 41, the upstream end 135 of the upstream element 133 of the second aerosol-generating article 114 abuts the closed end of the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12.
[0290] Also as shown in Figure 5, when the connection end 121 of the second aerosol-generating article 114 is received in the cavity 41, an air inlet 48, and air gap 49 are defined between an outer surface of the second aerosol-generating article 114 and the device housing 38 to enable ambient air to be drawn into the aerosol-generating system 10.
[0291] An airflow path is defined through the aerosol-generating system 10 when the connection end 121 of the second aerosol-generating article 114 is received in the cavity 41. The airflow path comprises the air inlet 48, the air gap 49, and the second aerosol-generating article 114.
[0292] A user may draw on the mouth end 120 of the second aerosol-generating article 114, and draw ambient air into the aerosol-generating system 10 at the air inlet 48, through the airflow path, and out of the aerosol-generating system 10 at the mouthpiece element 115. Ambient air enters the aerosol-generating system 10 at the air inlet 48, between the second aerosol-generating article 114 and the device housing 40, through the air gap 49, and into the second aerosol-generating article 114 at the upstream end 135 of the upstream element 133. Air flows through the second aerosol-generating article 114, from the upstream end to the downstream end, through the upstream element 133, through the second aerosol-forming substrate 126, through the hollow tubular segment 117, and out of the aerosol-generating system 10 at the mouthpiece element 115.
[0293] In use, the connection end 121 of the second aerosol-generating article 114 is inserted into the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12. The power control electronics 43 determine that the second aerosol-generating article 114 is received in the cavity 41, as described in more detail below, and supply power from the DC power supply 44 to the inductive heating arrangement 45 in a second mode, which in this embodiment is a continuous heating mode.
[0294] The power control electronics 43 cause an alternating current from the power supply 44 to be supplied to the inductor coil 42, which generates an alternating magnetic field in the cavity 41. The second susceptor 131 of the second aerosol-generating article 114 is penetrated by the alternating magnetic field and is heated by Joule heating through induction of eddy currents in the susceptor, and through hysteresis losses. The heated second susceptor 131 heats the second aerosol-forming substrate 126, which releases volatile compounds in a vapour. When a user takes a puff on the mouthpiece element 115 of the second aerosol-generating article 114, air is drawn into the aerosol-generating system 10 at the air inlet 48, through the air gap 49, and into the second aerosol-generating article 114 atthe upstream end 135 of the upstream element 133. The vapour from the heated second aerosol-forming substrate 126 is entrained in the airflow through the second aerosol-forming substrate 126, and cools and condenses into an aerosol as it is drawn along the second aerosol-generating article 114 to the mouthpiece element 115. The aerosol is drawn out of the aerosol-generating system 10 at the mouthpiece element 115, where it is inhaled by the user.
[0295] Figure 6 shows further details of the inductive heating arrangement 45 used to generate an alternating magnetic field within the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12. According to the present embodiment, the inductive heating arrangement 45 comprises a DC / AC inverter which is connected to the DC power supply 44, shown in Figures 2, 3, and 5. The DC / AC inverter includes a Class-E power amplifier which in turn includes the following components: a transistor switch 51 comprising a Field Effect Transistor (FET) , for example a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) , a transistor switch supply circuit indicated by the arrow 52 for supplying the switching signal (gate-source voltage) to the transistor switch 51, and an LC load network 53 comprising a shunt capacitor C1 and a series connection of a capacitor C2 and inductor L2. The inductor L2 corresponds to the inductor coil 42 shown in Figures 2, 3, and 5 used to generate an alternating magnetic field within the cavity 41. In addition, there is provided a choke L1 for supplying a DC supply voltage +V_DC from the DC power supply 44. Also shown in Figure 6 is the ohmic resistance R representing the total equivalent resistance or total resistive load 54, which -in use of the system, that is, when the article is inserted in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12 -is the sum of the ohmic resistance of the inductor coil 42, marked as L2, and the ohmic resistance of the susceptor 31. Otherwise, in case no article is inserted in the cavity 41, the equivalent resistance or resistive load 54 only corresponds to the ohmic resistance of the inductor coil 42.
[0296] Further details of the inductive heating arrangement 45 according to the present embodiment, in particular with regard to its working principles, are disclosed, for example, in WO 2015 / 177046 Al.
[0297] The power control electronics 43 of the aerosol-generating device 12 are configured to detect insertion of an aerosol-generating article into the cavity 41. The power control electronics 43 are also configured to identify the type of aerosol-generating article received in the cavity 41, and to adapt the heating process to the type of aerosol-generating article that is received in the cavity 41.
[0298] Detection of insertion of an aerosol-generating article in the cavity 41, and identification of the type of aerosol-generating article received in the cavity 41 is realized via the inductive heating arrangement 45 itself. Advantageously, this avoids the need for separate sensors. Detection of an aerosol-generating article received in the cavity 41, and identification of the type of aerosol-generating article received in the cavity 41 is achieved by detecting at least one property of the inductive heating arrangement 45 that changes when a susceptor of an aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity 41.
[0299] Detection of insertion of an aerosol-generating article, and identification of the type of aerosol-generating article received in the cavity 41 is achieved by detection of a change in at least one property of the inductive heating arrangement 45 due to the presence of the susceptor when an aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity 41.
[0300] In the present embodiment, the conductance of the total resistive load 54 of the inductive heating arrangement 45 is used as a property of the inductive heating arrangement 45 that is monitored to detect insertion of an aerosol-generating article into the cavity 41, and to determine the type of aerosol-generating article that is received in the cavity 41. The value of the conductance of the total resistive load 54 of the inductive heating arrangement 45 depends on the presence of a susceptor of an aerosol-generating article in the cavity 41, in close proximity to the inductor coil 42.
[0301] When an aerosol-generating article is inserted in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12, the conductance of the total resistive load 54 of the inductive heating arrangement 45 comprises the combination of the conductance of the inductor coil 42 and the conductance of the susceptor of the aerosol-generating article. Whereas, when an aerosol-generating article is not received in the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12, the conductance of the total resistive load 54 of the inductive heating arrangement 45 comprises the conductance of the inductor coil 42 only, without the conductance of a susceptor.
[0302] The difference in the conductance of the total resistive load 54 of the inductive heating arrangement 45 when an aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity 41 compared to when an aerosol-generating article is not received in the cavity 41 may be detected via the DC current I_DC provided from the DC power supply 44 to the inductive heating arrangement 45, that is, to the LC load network 53. For this, the power control electronics 43 comprise a current measurement device 55 arranged in series connection between the DC power supply 44 and the LC load network 53. Accordingly, when an aerosol-generating article is inserted into the cavity 41 of the aerosol-generating device 12, the presence of the susceptor of the aerosol-generating article in the cavity 41 decreases the conductance of the total resistive load 54 of the inductive heating arrangement 44. This in turn causes a decrease in the DC current feeding the inductive heating arrangement 45. The change in the DC current I_DC is detected by the current measurement device 55, which in turn is used to determine that an aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity 41, and also to determine the type of aerosol-generating article received in the cavity 41. When it is determined that a known type of aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity 41, this triggers a signal to activate a heating operation of the inductive heating arrangement 45 that is specifically configured for heating the type of aerosol-generating article that is received in the cavity 41. The power control electronics 43 are configured to perform different heating operations of the inductive heating arrangement 45 for different types of aerosol-generating article, and different signals are triggered when it is determined that different types of aerosol-generating article are received in the cavity 41. When the power control electronics 43 determine that the first aerosol-generating article 14 is received in the cavity 41, the power control electronics 43 are configured to supply power from the DC power supply 44 to the inductive heating arrangement 45 in a first mode, which in this embodiment is optimised for heating the first aerosol-forming substrate 26. For example, when the power control electronics 43 detect that the first article 14 is received in the cavity, the power control electronics 43 are configured to supply the monitoring power.
[0303] When the power control electronics 43 determine that the second aerosol-generating article 114 is received in the cavity 41, the power control electronics 43 are configured to supply power from the DC power supply 44 to the inductive heating arrangement 45 in a second mode, which in this embodiment is a continuous heating mode that is optimised for heating the second aerosol-forming substrate 126.
[0304] The power control electronics 43 are configured to operate the aerosol-generating device 12 in an article detection mode before it is determined that an aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity 41. This reduces power consumption compared to continuous operation in a heating mode. The article detection mode is triggered when the aerosol-generating device 12 is turned on by a user. The article detection mode is a pulsed mode, in which the power control electronics 43 supply power to the inductive heating arrangement 45 from the DC power supply 44 in a series of probing pulses. For this, the power control electronics 43 comprise a switch 56 that is arranged and configured to control a supply of power from the DC power supply 44 to the inductive heating arrangement 45. In the present embodiment, the switch 56 is arranged in series connection between the DC power supply 44 and the LC load network 53. During the article detection mode, the switch 56 is intermittently opened and closed such as to generate probing pulses for intermittently powering on the inductive heating arrangement 45. In contrast, during some heating modes of the aerosol-generating device 12, the switch 56 may be permanently closed to continuously apply a DC voltage from the DC power supply 44 to the inductive heating arrangement 45.
[0305] As shown in Figure 6, the switch 56 and the current measurement device 55 are both part of a control circuit which also includes a microprocessor 57. The microprocessor 57 is configured to control the switch 56 used to generate the probing pulses for intermittently powering on the inductive heating arrangement 45, to read out the measurement device 55 for measuring the current I_DC supplied from the DC power supply to the inductive heating arrangement 45, and to control the transistor switch driver circuit 52 of the inductive heating arrangement 45.
[0306] In the article detection mode, the microprocessor 57 starts driving the switch 56 by closing it for a pre-determined closing time interval, thereby generating a probing pulse, which is a current pulse having a pulse duration, corresponding to the closing time interval. The pulse duration of the probing pulse may be in a range between 1 microsecond and 500 microseconds, in particular between 10 microseconds and 300 microseconds, preferably between 15 microseconds and 120 microseconds, most preferably between 30 microseconds to 100 microseconds. At the end of the closing time interval, the microprocessor 57 opens the switch 56 again for a pre-determined opening time interval, thereby interrupting the current passage to the inductive heating arrangement 45. The opening time interval corresponds to the time interval between two consecutive probing pulses, which may be in a range between 50 milliseconds and 2 seconds, in particular between 100 milliseconds and 2 seconds, preferably between 500 milliseconds and 1 second. Closing and opening of the switch 56 may occur at regular time intervals such as to generate periodic probing pulses for periodically powering on the inductive heating arrangement 45. Thus, the sum of the closing time interval and the opening time interval, or the sum of the pulse duration and the time interval between two consecutive power pulses corresponds to the periodicity of the probing pulse series.
[0307] Figure 7 shows a graph of electrical conductance with time of the aerosol-generating device of Figure 2 with the first aerosol-generating article of Figure 1 received in the cavity of the aerosol-generating device. It will be appreciated that the graph of Figure 7 is simplified and not to scale but is used to illustrate the relative electrical conductance of the inductor coil 42 with time.
[0308] Figure 7 shows the measured electrical conductance of the inductive heating arrangement 45, over time when the first aerosol-generating article 14 is received in the cavity 41, during a usage session in the first mode. The usage session may last for a predetermined amount of time, or a predetermined number of puffs, for example for 5 minutes or for 6 puffs.
[0309] In the first mode, the power control electronics 43 are configured to detect when a user puffs on the first aerosol-generating article 14 by detecting whether the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined condition that indicates a puff. In the first mode, the power control electronics 43 supply a monitoring power to the inductor coil 42. The monitoring power comprises applying power to the inductor coil 42 with a duty cycle of around 4 percent, which raises the temperature of the first susceptor 31, without reaching temperature sufficient to vaporise the first aerosol forming substrate 26. The power control electronics 43 monitor the electrical conductance of the inductive heating arrangement 45. When a user takes a puff, the electrical conductance increases 305, indicating that the puff is being taken. In the first mode, the power control electronics 43 then start supplying a heating power. The heating power comprises a duty cycle of about 90 percent, heating the inductor.
[0310] The power control electronics are configured to detect the end of a puff. As shown in Figure 7, the electrical conductance decreases 315, indicating that there is no longer an airflow across the susceptor 31 and therefore that the puff has ended. Upon detecting the electrical conductance decrease 315, the power control electronics 43 are configured to stop supplying the heating power and start supplying the monitoring power.
[0311] Figure 7 shows the relative conductance with time for a single puff, but it will be appreciated that the usage session may comprise additional puffs not captured in the graph of Figure 7.
[0312] It will be appreciated that the above described examples are exemplary, and other embodiments with different features are envisaged in this disclosure. For example, it is envisaged that in some embodiments, the inductor coil 42 may have a different form, such as a flat coil, and the aerosol-generating device 12 may be provided with more than one inductor coil 42. It is also envisaged that in some embodiments, the power control electronics comprise a puff sensor, such as an airflow sensor or a pressure sensor, which may be used by the power control electronics to determine when a user is taking a puff on the aerosol-generating system, when the second aerosol-generating article 114 is received in the cavity of the aerosol-generating device 12. It is also envisaged that the article detection mode may be triggered, for example, by extracting the aerosol-generating device 12 from a power charging unit. For this, the aerosol-generating device 12 may be configured to detect the extraction of the device from a power charging unit.
[0313] Figure 8 shows a schematic illustration of the aerosol-generating device 212. The aerosol-generating device 212 is the same as the device 12, except where described below. The aerosol-generating device 212 is configured to receive an aerosol-generating article in the cavity 41, such as the first aerosol-generating article 14 or the second aerosol-generating article 114.
[0314] The aerosol-generating device 212 further comprises a sensor that is actuatable by a user, in this example the sensor is shown as a push-button 58. The push button 58 is actuatable by a user. The power control electronics 243 are configured to detect actuation of the push button 58, such as pressing on the push button by user. In response to detecting actuation of the push-button 58, the power control electronics 243 are configured to supply the heating power to the inductor coil 42. Therefore, in use, the user pushes the push button 258 to indicate the start of a usage session of the aerosol-generating device 212, the power control electronics 243 detect actuation of the push-button 58 and supply heating power to the inductor coil 42. In response to detecting actuation of the push-button 58, the power control electronics 243 are configured to operate in the first mode.
[0315] When a user starts using the aerosol-generating system, they push the push-button 58. The actuation of the push-button 58 is detected by the power control electronics 243. The power control electronics 243 then supply a heating power the inductor 42. The power control electronics 243, cause an alternating current from the DC power supply 44 to be supplied to the inductor coil 42, which generates an alternating magnetic field in the device cavity 41. The first susceptor 31 of the cartridge 14 is penetrated by the alternating magnetic field and is heated by Joule heating through induction of eddy currents in the susceptor, and through hysteresis losses. The heated first susceptor 31 heats the liquid first aerosol-forming substrate 26 at the first susceptor 31, which releases volatile compounds in a vapour into the inner passage 19 of the second cartridge housing 18.
[0316] It should be understood that in alternative embodiments, in response to actuation of the push-button 58 or another sensor, the power control electronics 243 may be configured to supply a monitoring power to the inductor 42. Therefore, in use, the user can push the push button 58 to indicate the start of a usage session of the aerosol-generating device 212, the power control electronics 243 can detect actuation of the push-button 58 and supply the monitoring power to the inductor 42. In response to detecting actuation of the push-button 58, the power control electronics 243 are configured to operate in the first mode. In the first mode, the power control electronics 243 are configured supply the monitoring power to the inductor 42 and to monitor the electrical quantity response to the monitoring power; detect whether the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined condition that indicates a puff; and if the monitored electrical quantity meets the predetermined condition, to supply a heating power to the inductor 42, as described above, to heat the susceptor to generate an aerosol from the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0317] In this embodiment, the electrical quantity is electrical conductance. The power control electronics 243 are configured to monitor the first derivative of the function of electrical conductance with time and the second derivative of the function of electrical conductance with time. The predetermined condition for detecting the end of a puff is that both the first and second derivatives are greater than zero.
[0318] The aerosol-generating device 12 is configured to continue supplying the monitoring power for a predetermined amount of time, for example up to 2 minutes, 3, minutes, 4 minutes, or 5 minutes or until the start of a puff is detected. If the power control electronics do not detect a puff within the predetermined amount of time, for example within 2 minutes of the monitoring power being supplied, the power control electronics 43 stop the supply of the monitoring power to the inductor 42. The aerosol-generating system may enter a standby mode, which can be re-activated by the user actuating the push button 58.
[0319] Figure 9 shows a graph illustrating monitored electrical conductance as a function of time, for a system comprising the aerosol-generating device 212 of Figure 8 being coupled with the aerosol-generating article 14, in which a puff is being taken. Figure 9 shows the monitored electrical conductance as the power control electronics 243 supply the monitoring power to the inductor 42. As shown in Figure 9, the monitored electrical conductance increases with time as the monitoring power is supplied to the inductor 42 by the power control electronics 243. As shown in Figure 9, the curve of the slope is positive indicating that the first derivative is positive. The concavity of the slope is upwards, indicating that the second derivative is positive. Therefore, the slope shown in Figure 9 indicates that a predetermined puff start condition is met, because a puff has started to be taken. In response to detecting the start of a puff, the power control electronics 243 are configured to initiate supply of the heating power to the inductor 42.
[0320] Figure 10 shows a different graph illustrating monitored electrical conductance as a function of time, for the system comprising the aerosol-generating device 212 being coupled with the aerosol-generating article 14, in which no puff is being taken but natural cooling is occurring as the first susceptor 31 cools down because the power supplied to the inductor 42 has been reduced from a heating power to a monitoring power. As shown in Figure 10, the monitored electrical conductance increases with time as the monitoring power is supplied to the inductor 42 by the power control electronics 243. In this figure the curve of the slope is positive indicating that the first derivative is positive. However, the concavity of the slope is downwards, indicating that the second derivative is negative. Therefore, the power control electronics 243 do not detect that the predetermined puff start condition is met and so they continue to supply the monitoring power.
[0321] The power control electronics 243 are further configured to detect the end of a puff. Figure 11 shows a graph illustrating monitored electrical conductance as a function of time when a puff ends for a system comprising the aerosol-generating device 212 of Figure 8 being coupled with the aerosol-generating article 14.
[0322] The power control electronics are configured to supply the heating power to the inductor 42 and to monitor the electrical conductance. As the heating power is supplied to the inductor 42 during the puff, the first susceptor 31 is heated, which causes the monitored electrical conductance to fall before becoming a stable temperature, therefore the first derivative of the function of electrical conductance, with time while heating power is supplied during the puff, is less than or equal to 0. The function of the second derivative during this time is greater than zero as the curve has an upwards concavity. When the puff ends, the temperature of the susceptor 31 rises, causing the value of the monitored electrical conductance to fall. When the puff ends, the rate of change of the electrical conductance is therefore negative. However, the rate of change of the rate of change also become negative, as the concavity of the slope changes to a downwards concavity. The power control electronics 243 are configured to detect that the rate of change of the electrical conductance is negative and that the rate of change of the rate of change is also negative. Therefore, the predetermined puff end condition is that both the first and second derivatives of the function of monitored electrical conductance as a function of time are less than 0. When the power control electronics 243 detect that the predetermined puff end condition is met, therefore indicating that a puff has ended, they are configured to reduce the duty cycle of the power being supplied by the power supply 44 from the heating power to the monitoring power.
[0323] Figure 12 shows a further embodiment of an aerosol-generating device. In this embodiment, the aerosol-generating device 312 identical to the device 212 except that it further comprises a temperature sensor 360 and the control electronics are configured to determine the end of a puff using an alternative method. The temperature sensor 360 is an NTC temperature sensor situated outside but adjacent to the inductor coil 42 and flux concentrator 46. The temperature sensor 360 is configured to monitor the temperature of the inductor 42 provide this temperature information to the power control electronics 343. The temperature sensor 360 is configured to monitor the temperature of the inductor 42 as the temperature increases when the cooling effect due to a puff ends. The power control electronics 343 are configured to detect that the puff has ended from a signal from the temperature sensor 360.
[0324] Figure 13 shows a graph illustrating monitored electrical conductance as a function of time, for a system comprising an aerosol-generating device being coupled with the aerosol-generating article. The aerosol-generating device is the same as the aerosol-generating device 12, except with power control electronics configured as described below. In this embodiment, the power control electronics are configured to detect the end of a puff.
[0325] The electrical control parameter is electrical conductance, shown on the y-axis of the graph in Figure 13. The graph of Figure 13 shows the monitored electrical conductance when a heating power is being supplied to the inductor. The property of the electrical conductance is the value of the electrical conductance. The predetermined condition comprises a magnitude of the change of value of electrical conductance being less than a predetermined amount over a predetermined period. In this example, the predetermined period is the amount of time in which power pulses are not supplied during the duty cycle of the heating power. Figure 12 shows a duty cycle of the heating power, between time t0 and t2. The “on” period of the duty cycle, wherein power pulses are being sent to the inductor occur between t0 and t1. The “off” time of the duty cycle, in which no power is supplied is between t1 and t2. The duty cycle in this example is 95 percent. The graph of Figure 13 shows the conductance as the heating is applies for 2 further full duty cycles, between t2 and t4 and t4 and t6. The “on” period of the second duty cycle, wherein is shown between t2 and t3. The “off” time of the second duty cycle, in which no power is supplied is between t3 and t4. The “on” period of the third duty cycle, wherein is shown between t4 and t5. The “off” time of the third duty cycle, in which no power is supplied is between t5 and t6. During the time in the duty cycle in which no power is being supplied, no conductance can be monitored, so there is a gap in the measurement of conductance during this period. The gap for the first period (t1-t2) , second period (t3-t4) , and third period (t5-t6) , are shown as G1, G2, and G3 respectively. During the gaps in heating G1, G2, and G3, the susceptor of the system will cool, leading to an increase of the conductance between the start of the gap t1, t3, t5, and the end of the gap, t2, t4, t6.When a puff is being taken, the susceptor will be cooled more than if a puff is not being taken, due to cooling airflow being drawn across the susceptor. Therefore, when a puff is being taken, the conductance will increase more than if a puff is not being taken. This is shown in Figure 13, where G1 shows the change in conductance during the time in which power is not being supplied, when a puff is being take and G2 and G3 show the change in conductance during the time in which power is not being supplied, when a puff is not being taken. Therefore, the end of a puff is detected when the change in electrical conductance, during the period in which no power pulses are supplied, is less than a predetermined threshold.
[0326] Figure 14 shows a graph illustrating monitored electrical conductance as a function of time, for a system comprising an aerosol-generating device being coupled with the aerosol-generating article. The aerosol-generating device is the same as the aerosol-generating device 12, except with power control electronics configured as described below. In this embodiment, the power control electronics are configured to detect a dry susceptor.
[0327] The value of the electrical conductance is monitored while power is supplied to the inductor. In response to susceptor cooling due to a puff being taken, an increase in electrical control conductance 405 indicates the start of a puff. In response, the power control electronics are configured to increase the power supplied from the power supply to the inductor, from the monitoring power to the heating power. The heating power is applied to the inductor, which causes the susceptor to heat and the electrical conductance to fall, as shown at C1. At the end of the puff 415, the predetermined puff end condition is met so the end of a puff is detected. After the end of a puff is detected, the heating power is stopped and a monitoring power is supplied instead. The susceptor cools down, as shown by the electrical conductance increasing.
[0328] Figure 14 shows a graph of electrical conductance with time for an aerosol-generating system. The aerosol-generating system is for example the system shown in Figure 3, except with power control electronics additionally configured as described below. The graph of Figure 14 illustrates the drop in electrical conductance when a heating power is supplied to the susceptor 31 during a puff. In particular, Figure 14 illustrates a first drop in electrical conductance C1 when a heating power is supplied to the susceptor during a puffwhen the susceptor 31 is being supplied by the liquid aerosol-forming substrate 26 (non-dry) and the aerosol-forming substrate is being vaporized. When the aerosol-generating article 14 is depleted of aerosol-forming substrate 26, the substrate may no longer be supplied to the susceptor 31, causing a dry susceptor. Figure 14 illustrates a second drop in electrical conductance C2, when a second puff is being taken, when the susceptor 31 is dry. During the second puff, the conductance drop C2 caused by the heating power being supplied to the inductor is much greater than the first drop C1. This is because the susceptor is dry. Therefore, a predetermined dry susceptor threshold can be used to detect a dry susceptor and control the power supplied to the inductor coil 42 in response to the dry susceptor being detected. The predetermined dry susceptor condition is the drop in conductance exceeding a predetermined dry susceptor threshold. The predetermined dry susceptor threshold is for example the drop in conductance being greater than 10 percent. Therefore, the power control electronics are configured to determine a dry susceptor by determining when the drop in electrical conductance is greater than 10 percent. In other examples, the predetermined dry susceptor threshold may be the drop in electrical conductance exceeding a predetermined value.
[0329] Figure 15 shows a graph illustrating rate of change of monitored electrical conductance as a function of time, for a system comprising an aerosol-generating device being coupled with the aerosol-generating article. The aerosol-generating device is the same as the aerosol-generating device 12, except with power control electronics additionally configured as described below. In this embodiment, the power control electronics are configured to detect a dry susceptor.
[0330] The predetermined dry suspecter condition is the rate of change of the electrical conductance exceeding a predetermined threshold. As shown in Figure 15, a first puff has a first rate of change of electrical conductance D1. This is the rate of change measured during a normal, non-dry, puff. A second puff has a rate of change of electrical conductance D2. This is the rate of change measured during a dry puff. The second rate of change D2 is greater than the first rate of change D1. The power control electronics are configured to detect if the predetermined dry susceptor condition is met if the rate of change of electrical conductance during a puff is greater than a dry puff threshold Td. In this example, D2 is greater than Td, so a dry puff is determined and the power control electronics will subsequently stop supplying heating power to the inductor.
[0331] For the purpose of the present description and of the appended claims, except where otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing amounts, quantities, percentages, and so forth, are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term ″about″ . Also, all ranges include the maximum and minimum points disclosed and include any intermediate ranges therein, which may or may not be specifically enumerated herein. In this context, therefore, a number A is understood as A + 10%of A. Within this context, a number A may be considered to include numerical values that are within general standard error for the measurement of the property that the number A modifies. The number A, in some instances as used in the appended claims, may deviate by the percentages enumerated above provided that the amount by which A deviates does not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic (s) of the claimed invention. Also, all ranges include the maximum and minimum points disclosed and include any intermediate ranges therein, which may or may not be specifically enumerated herein.
Claims
1.An aerosol-generating device configured to generate an aerosol from an aerosol-forming substrate, the device comprising:a cavity configured to removably receive at least a portion of an aerosol-generating article comprising the aerosol-forming substrate;an inductor configured to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat a susceptor in the aerosol-generating article;a power supply for supplying power to the inductor; andpower control electronics configured to control power supplied from the power supply to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity, wherein in a first mode the power control electronics are configured to:supply a heating power to the inductor to heat the aerosol-generating substrate;monitor an electrical quantity response to the heating power;determine whether a property of the monitored electrical quantity meets a predetermined condition, wherein the property of the electrical quantity comprises at least one of: a first derivative of the function of the monitored electrical quantity of the heating power supply with time; and a second derivative of the function of the monitored electrical quantity of the heating power supply with time,and wherein the predetermined condition comprises a predetermined puff end condition that indicates the end of a puff; andin response to a determination that the predetermined condition is met, to modify the supply of power.2.The aerosol-generating device according to claim 1, wherein the power control electronics are configured to detect a dry susceptor, wherein preferably the predetermined condition comprises a predetermined dry susceptor condition that indicates a dry susceptor.3.The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding claim, wherein in response to determination of the predetermined condition being met, the power control electronics are configured to stop supplying the heating power to the inductor.4.The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding claim, wherein in response to determination of the predetermined condition being met, the power control electronics are configured to supply a lower level of power, for example a monitoring power, to the inductor.5.The aerosol-generating device according to claim 4, wherein the monitoring power has duty cycle of less than 20 percent, for example less than 15 percent, for example less than 10 percent, for example less than 5 percent.6.The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding claim, wherein the electrical quantity is a quantity selected from the list consisting of; electrical conductance, apparent electrical conductance, electrical resistance, apparent electrical resistance, inductance, current, voltage, frequency, and phase, wherein preferably the electrical quantity is the apparent electrical conductance of the inductor.7.The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding claim, wherein the predetermined condition comprises a value of the first derivative being less than or greater than a first threshold value.8.The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding claim, wherein the predetermined condition comprises a value of the second derivative being less than or greater than a second threshold value.9.The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding claim, further comprising a temperature sensor configured to monitor a temperature of the inductor.10.The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding claim, in which the power control electronics are further configured to detect the start of a puff.11.The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding claim, comprising a sensor actuatable by a user, wherein the power control electronics are configured to detect actuation of the sensor, and in response to actuation of the sensor the power control electronics are configured to start or stop the supply the heating power to the inductor.12.The aerosol-generating device according to any preceding claim, wherein the cavity is configured to:removably receive at least a portion of a first aerosol-generating article, the first aerosol-generating article comprising a first susceptor element, and a first aerosol-forming substrate; andremovably receive at least a portion of a second aerosol-generating article, separately from the first aerosol-generating article, the second aerosol-generating article comprising a second susceptor element, and a second aerosol-forming substrate, the second aerosol-forming substrate being different from the first aerosol-forming substrate.13.The aerosol-generating device according to claim 12, wherein in the first mode the power control electronics are configured to supply power to the inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity to heat the first susceptor element; andthe power control electronics are configured to operate the device in a second mode to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cavity that causes heating of the second susceptor of the second aerosol-generating article when the second aerosol-generating article is received in the cavity.14.An aerosol-generating system comprising:an aerosol-generating device according to any preceding claim;a first aerosol-generating article, the first aerosol-generating article comprising a first susceptor, and a first aerosol-forming substrate; anda second aerosol-generating article, the second aerosol-generating article comprising a second aerosol-forming substrate, separately from the first aerosol-generating article, the second aerosol-generating article comprising a second susceptor and a second aerosol-forming substrate, the second aerosol-forming substrate being different from the first aerosol-forming substrate.15.The aerosol-generating system according to claim 14, wherein the first aerosol-forming substrate is a liquid aerosol-forming substrate, and the second aerosol-forming substrate is a solid aerosol-forming substrate.
Citation Information
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