Palatal rail fixed orthodontic appliance

Abstract

The invention relates to an appliance used for orthodontic treatment on the maxillary dental arch for bringing one or more teeth into the correct positions by applying forces in the palatal direction. With the appliance design subject to the invention, tooth / teeth movements in sagittal, vertical, and transverse directions are achieved.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] PALATAL RAIL FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE

[0003] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0004] The invention relates to an appliance used for orthodontic treatment on the maxillary dental arch for bringing one or more teeth into the correct positions by applying forces in the palatal direction. With the appliance design subject to the invention, tooth / teeth movements in sagittal, vertical, and transverse directions are achieved.

[0005] PRIOR ART

[0006] Orthodontics is a branch of dentistry that deals with the diagnosis, prevention, interception, guidance, and correction of dental irregularities. The aim of orthodontic treatment is to provide a treatment method in which, in cases where the normal dentition is different from what it should be and is irregular, the irregular teeth problem is corrected by examining the oral, dental, and jaw structure in order to correct this problem, thereby enabling the person to achieve the teeth they desire.

[0007] In orthodontic dental treatment, orthodontic appliances are widely used. Orthodontic appliances are devices that can be used in many dental and jaw problems that occur in the mouth. These devices, which are divided into removable and fixed appliances, have a wide range of use, as their intraoral application is generally well tolerated in terms of patient compliance. Especially in pediatric patients, the factor of compliance / cooperation with treatment is very important. Despite the widespread use of removable appliances, cooperation problems are one of the most common problems, especially in pediatric patients. Treatment with removable appliances is contraindicated in patients with compliance problems. Therefore, fixed appliances that are not under the patient's control and that only the physician can apply and remove are advantageous in this case.

[0008] An example of fixed orthodontic systems is given in Figure 1. In these fixed systems, brackets are bonded to the buccal surface of the teeth with composite and archwires are attached to the brackets with ligatures. There are some disadvantages in terms of both aesthetics and hygiene. In case of inadequate oral hygiene, white spot lesions may be observed on the surfaces of the teeth.

[0009] Another appliance used in orthodontic treatments is the expansion appliance shown in Figure 2. Orthodontic expansion achieved both with conventional fixed appliances and with removable expansion appliances usually results in lateral movement of the buccal segments and posterior teeth. As a result of lingual tipping of the roots, there is a tendency towards lateral tipping of the crowns of the affected teeth. The resistance of the buccal muscles and other immobile soft tissues generates a force that causes relapse of the achieved orthodontic expansion. The correction of malocclusion is targeted only in the transverse direction.

[0010] The appliance shown in Figure 3 is a removable Hawley appliance with a distal screw (driver). Although removable appliances are mostly used during the mixed dentition period, they are also employed in certain specialized orthodontic treatments at later ages when the permanent teeth have fully erupted. There exist many different types of removable appliances, such as for repositioning one or two teeth in crossbite, returning mesialized teeth caused by early primary tooth extraction to their original positions, serving as retainers after orthodontic treatment, acting as space maintainers, and the like. The principle of such removable appliances lies in them being attachable and detachable by the patient at will. Therefore, once removed by the patient, the force applied by the appliance to the teeth will be nullified. Moreover, the types of movements achievable with removable appliances are quite limited.

[0011] The Beneslider appliance shown in Figure 4 takes anchorage from the system’s own mini-implants (2.00 * 11 mm and 2 x 0.9 mm) placed in the palatal region, either anteroposteriorly or paramedian. The Beneplate made from stainless steel wire prepared with bends according to the patient are inserted into the grooves of the Benetubes, which pass through the sheaths of the molar bands, and in this way, the force applied for distalization is transmitted from the center of resistance of the molar teeth.

[0012] Mini-screws used in various orthodontic treatments are materials that provide temporary anchorage from the jawbone, either during certain stages of treatment or throughout the treatment. Mini-screws, which assist in the backward or forward movement of the teeth with support taken from the jawbone, are non-fixed screws that are removed after fulfilling their function. The screws applied to the jawbone, along with the materials used for pushing or pulling, provide significant support during different stages of orthodontic treatments. However, despite all these positive features, the use of mini-screws, although minimal, is an invasive method, and also causes the treatment cost to increase considerably.

[0013] Orthodontic treatments may not be preferred by patients when they cause aesthetic concerns. Orthodontic treatments applied in the lingual area are among the applications that allow the treatment of many crowding problems without causing aesthetic concerns. In particular, in cases of tooth position disorders involving one or two teeth, treating with a fixed orthodontic mechanics applied to all teeth will not be an appropriate choice in terms of hygiene.

[0014] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0015] In order to provide a solution to the problems mentioned in the prior art, within the scope of this invention, an appliance has been designed for the treatment of tooth position disorders involving a more localized one or multiple teeth, which also offers aesthetic advantages and is indicated when patient compliance issues exist. The purpose of this design is to enable, with the appliance subject to the invention, applied fixedly from the palatal region, the effective movement and rotational correction of the relevant misaligned single tooth or teeth in sagittal, vertical, and transverse planes through this mechanism.

[0016] The technical effects provided by this invention in line with the above-stated objectives can be summarized as follows:

[0017] • It does not cause aesthetic problems;

[0018] • It allows the movement of a single tooth while also enabling different desired types of movement for multiple teeth;

[0019] • Only the tooth intended to be treated are engaged, so other teeth are not affected; • The system established in the lingual area does not provide an advantage over systems established in the buccal area, and therefore, oral hygiene control is easier for patients with this system;

[0020] • Moreover, white spot lesion formation is minimized;

[0021] • In fixed mechanical systems used in orthodontics, teeth are moved by pulling forces. However, with this designed appliance, tooth movements can be achieved using both pushing and pulling forces. Thus, specific desired movements can be performed in their own focus.

[0022] • In orthodontic treatment systems, sagittal, vertical and transversal movements can be applied in conjunction with each other. With this appliance, force applications in each direction can be applied independently of each other in the desired amount of movement, which will be especially advantageous in challenging movements in the vertical direction.

[0023] LIST OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Fig. 1. Fixed orthodontic treatment (orthodontic brackets, archwires, elastic ligatures, orthodontic bands, and intermaxillary elastics)

[0025] Fig. 2. Maxillary expansion appliance

[0026] Fig. 3. Removable Hawley appliance

[0027] Fig. 4. Beneslider appliance

[0028] Fig. 5. Overview of the invention

[0029] Fig. 6. Top view of the invention

[0030] Fig. 7. Exploded view of the screw system

[0031] Fig. 8. Representation of the invention on the dental structure using a single piece

[0032] Fig. 9. Detailed view of the system using a single piece

[0033] Fig. 10a. Detailed view of the pressing (pushing) bolt configuration of the vertical bolt on the palatal attachment

[0034] Fig. 10b. Detailed view of the pulling bolt configuration of the vertical bolt on the palatal attachment

[0035] Fig. 11 . Representation of the invention on the dental structure using a double set (for applying moment)

[0036] Fig. 12. Detailed view of the system using a double set References for the numbering given in the figures:

[0037] 1 . Palatal Rail Bar

[0038] 2. Molar Band

[0039] 3. Premolar Band

[0040] 4. Palatal Attachment

[0041] 5. Bar Attachment

[0042] 6. Palatal Right Screw

[0043] 7. Bar Left Screw

[0044] 8. Adjustment Nut

[0045] 9. Adjustment Bolt

[0046] 10. Vertical Bolt

[0047] 10a. Pressing (pushing) bolt

[0048] 10b. Pulling bolt

[0049] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0050] The palatal rail fixed orthodontic appliance subject to the invention comprises the following parts: palatal rail bar (1 ), molar band (2), premolar band (3), palatal attachment (4), bar attachment (5), palatal right screw (6), bar left screw (7), adjustment nut (8), adjustment bolt (9), vertical bolt (10). The purposes of the parts are listed below.

[0051] • Palatal rail bar (1): The part on which the bar attachment (5) that enables tooth movement is positioned. The palatal rail bar (1) includes a guide. The bar attachment (5) comprises a slot that precisely corresponds to the guide on the palatal rail bar (1). Fig. 8 shows the guide on the palatal rail bar (1 ) clearly. The guide is in cylindrical form. On the bar attachment (5), a slot corresponding to this cylindrical form is provided. This slot, which can be seen in Fig. 7, allows the bar attachment (5) to move on the palatal rail bar (1) by sliding. Thus, the bar attachment (5) can be easily brought onto the tooth to be guided. Furthermore, the connection of the molar band (2) and premolar band (3) with the teeth is achieved by means of the palatal rail bar (1 ). • Molar band (2): It is a ring-shaped band structure worn over the molars. It plays a role in fixing the appliance and connects the palatal rail bar (1) with the molars.

[0052] • Premolar band (3): It is a ring-shaped band structure worn over the premolars. It plays a role in fixing the appliance and connects the palatal rail bar (1) with the premolars.

[0053] • Palatal attachment (4): It is bonded to the tooth targeted for movement and the required force is transmitted through this element. It also serves as a slot for the vertical bolt (10).

[0054] • Bar attachment (5): By moving it along the palatal rail (1 ), it is brought to the desired position and the required support is obtained from this element.

[0055] • Palatal right screw (6): It is connected to the palatal attachment (4) and provides linear movement of the adjustment nut (8). There are grooves on the palatal right screw (6) to coincide with the guide in the adjustment nut (8). The adjustment nut (8) can move reciprocatingly on these grooves.

[0056] • Bar left screw (7): It is connected to the bar attachment (5) and provides linear movement of the adjustment bolt (9). There are grooves on the bar left screw (7) to coincide with the guide in the adjustment bolt (9). The adjustment bolt (9) can move reciprocatingly on these grooves.

[0057] • Adjustment nut (8): By being moved together with the adjustment bolt (9), the desired force (pushing or pulling force according to the direction of rotation) is transmitted to the palatal attachment (4) and bar attachment (5).

[0058] • Adjustment bolt (9): By being moved together with the adjustment nut (8), the desired force (pushing or pulling force according to the direction of rotation) is transmitted to the palatal attachment (4) and bar attachment (5).

[0059] • Vertical bolt (10): In cases where vertical force needs to be applied on the teeth, it is added to the appliance and creates vertical movement with the support of the palatal attachment (4). The vertical bolt (10) has two configurations, at least one of a pressing (pushing) bolt (10a) and a pulling bolt (10b). The pressing (pushing) bolt (10a) is used to apply pressing (pushing) force and the pulling bolt (10b) is used to apply pulling force. With the pressing (pushing) bolt (10a), the pushing force is generated by the contact of the bolt (10a) with the lower surface of the palatal attachment (4). In cases where a pulling force is required, a smaller diameter pulling bolt (10b) can be used to enter the grooves formed on the underside of the palatal attachment (4) and perform the pulling operation.

[0060] The invention was developed for people in need of orthodontic treatment. For the application of this appliance, the oral measurements of the patient who is to undergo treatment are first taken. A palatal rail bar (1) is then prepared in accordance with the obtained measurements. The prepared palatal rail bar (1) is fitted with the molar band (2) and premolar band (3), thereby making the palatal rail bar (1) ready for placement into the patient’s mouth.

[0061] The palatal attachment (4) contains a slot in which the palatal right screw (6) can be seated (Fig. 9). The palatal attachment (4) is bonded together with the palatal right screw (6) onto the tooth to which the force will be applied, thus securing it in place. On the other hand, the bar attachment (5), to which the bar left screw (7) is fixed, is mounted onto the rail of the palatal rail bar (1) and aligned with the tooth that is to be treated.

[0062] The adjustment nut (8) is connected to the palatal right screw (6). Meanwhile, the adjustment bolt (9) is connected to the bar left screw (7). By moving the adjustment nut (8) along the adjustment bolt (9), the assembly of the system is completed.

[0063] Turning the adjustment nut (8) and the adjustment bolt (9) together generates either a pulling or a pressing (pushing) force on the tooth to which the palatal attachment (4) is bonded, depending on the direction of rotation. In this way, the necessary force is applied, and tooth guidance can be achieved.

[0064] In cases where vertical guidance of the tooth is required, the vertical bolt (10) is connected onto the palatal attachment (4), depending on the bolt size (10a, 10b) to be used, either a pulling or a pressing (pushing) force in the vertical direction can be applied on the tooth. When the larger-diameter vertical bolt (10a) is used, the bolt (10a) advances over the teeth drilled in the upper part of the palatal attachment (4), generating a pushing force. When the smaller-diameter vertical bolt (10b) is used, the bolt (10b) advances over the teeth drilled in the lower part of the palatal attachment, and since the bolt head comes into contact with the palatal attachment (4), a pulling force can be applied. Furthermore, if it is necessary to generate a moment on the tooth to be guided, it is sufficient to assemble the screw system with two sets (Fig. 12). In this case, one set applies a pressing (pushing) force, while the other set applies a pulling force, thereby generating the required moment on the tooth.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Palatal rail fixed orthodontic appliance, characterized in that it comprises the following parts: a palatal rail bar (1) including a guide in cylindrical form on which a bar attachment (5) is positioned; a molar band (2); a premolar band (3); a palatal attachment (4) bonded onto the target tooth to be moved and transferring the required force to the tooth which it is bonded; a bar attachment (5) including a slot precisely corresponding to the guide on the palatal rail bar (1); a palatal right screw (6) comprising grooves along which an adjustment nut (8) can move; a bar left screw (7) comprising grooves along which an adjustment bolt (9) can move; the adjustment nut (8); and the adjustment bolt (9).

2. Palatal rail fixed orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises two of each of the parts on a single palatal rail bar (1), in order to generate a moment on the tooth that needs to be guided.

3. Palatal rail fixed orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a vertical bolt (10) for use in cases where a vertical force needs to be applied on the teeth.

4. Vertical bolt (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that it is at least one of a pressing (pushing) bolt (10a) and a pulling bolt (10b).

5. Palatal rail fixed orthodontic appliance according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a palatal attachment (4) serving as a slot for the vertical bolt (10).

6. Pressing (pushing) bolt (10a) according to claim 4, characterized in that its diameter is larger than the diameter of the pulling bolt (10b).

7. Palatal rail fixed orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a palatal attachment (4) serving as a slot for the palatal right screw (6).

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