Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

A communication method and apparatus, which are applied to the technical field of communications. In the method, a terminal apparatus sends a first signal obtained by modulating a first sequence and performing resource mapping on the modulated signal. The first sequence is obtained by modifying a Gold sequence carrying source bits, and the Gold sequence carrying source bits is implemented by means of two m-sequences in the Gold sequence each carrying part of the source bits. In the method, the Gold sequence can carry more information bits, so that bit information having a large data volume can be transmitted.

Description

A communication method and apparatus

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411589042.3, filed on November 7, 2024, entitled "A Communication Method and Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0003] In communication systems, small packets typically consist of 10 to 30 bits. The transmitting side can use coherent transmission based on a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), while the receiving side can perform channel estimation based on the DMRS and use the estimated channel for equalization, demodulation, and decoding. However, in coverage scenarios, the accuracy of channel estimation is limited, leading to a decrease in detection performance. Therefore, in coverage scenarios, the transmitting side can use a non-coherent transmission method without DMRS to improve coverage. Specifically, the transmitting side determines the sequence to be transmitted based on the bit values, and the receiving side performs correlation detection based on a local sequence pool and the received signal; the sequence corresponding to the maximum correlation value is the transmitted sequence.

[0004] With the development of communication technology, future small packet transmissions may need to transmit more bits, such as 30 to 60 bits. In this case, how to transmit large amounts of bit information still needs to be studied. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method and apparatus that enables a terminal device to transmit large amounts of bit information.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication method executed by a terminal device. The terminal device may be a terminal, a component of a terminal (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module capable of implementing all or part of the terminal's functions. In this method, the terminal device generates a first sequence based on source bits; the terminal device sends a first signal, which is obtained by modulating the first sequence and performing resource mapping on the modulated signal. The first sequence is a modified version of a Gold sequence carrying source bits. The Gold sequence includes a first m sequence and a second m sequence. The first m sequence carries m1 bits of the source bits, and the second m sequence carries m2 bits of the source bits, where m1 and m2 are positive integers.

[0007] As can be seen, in this method, the first signal sent by the terminal device is a signal generated by carrying source bits using two m-sequences from the Gold sequence. The Gold sequence has a large sequence capacity and can carry more bit information, so this method can transmit a large amount of bit information.

[0008] In this method, the terminal device uses Gold sequences to carry source bits, which is a non-coherent transmission method without DMRS. In other words, the terminal device does not need to configure DMRS sequences, thus enabling the transmission of a large amount of bit information while ensuring coverage. Since Gold sequences have good cross-correlation performance, the receiving side can obtain the actual transmitted source bits by performing correlation detection based on the received signal and the local Gold sequence pool.

[0009] Additionally, since the period of the Gold sequence is 2... n The number of subcarriers (-1, n = 1, 2, ...) may not match the number of subcarriers in the configured time-frequency resources. Therefore, length matching is required, which involves modifying the complete periodic Gold sequence, such as truncating or cyclically expanding it, to meet the requirements of the time-frequency resources. Thus, the first sequence is the modified Gold sequence carrying the source bits, including but not limited to truncating or cyclically expanding it.

[0010] In one optional implementation, m1 bits are used for initializing the first m sequence, and m2 bits are used for initializing the second m sequence.

[0011] For an m-sequence, cyclic shifting and changing the initial value are equivalent. Specifically, for a period of 2... n For a sequence of m values ​​of -1, assuming the initial value x = [x0, x1, x2, ... x...] n-1 Generate a sequence S, and then cyclically shift S by l to obtain a sequence S′ that is still an m-sequence, where l = 0, 1, 2, ... 2. n -2, there exists another initial value x′=[x′0,x′1,x′2,…x′ n-1 Generate sequence S′.

[0012] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the terminal device can use m1 bits from the source bits as the initial input of the first m sequence and m2 bits from the source bits as the initial input of the second m sequence, thereby realizing the carrying of the source bits.

[0013] In one optional implementation, m1 or m2 is associated with one or more of the following: the total number of source bits M, the number of resource elements for transmitting source bits N, and the modulation order X of the transmitted source bits. Wherein, M, N, and X are all positive integers.

[0014] Optionally, m1 or m2 is associated with one or more of the following: M, N, X, which can be understood as: m1 or m2 can be determined based on at least one of the following: M, N, X.

[0015] In one optional implementation, m1 and m2 satisfy the following relationship: This approach minimizes the length of Gold sequence truncation or cyclic expansion, reduces cross-correlation between sequences, and thus improves uplink coverage performance.

[0016] In one optional implementation, the period of the Gold sequence is... This method minimizes the cross-correlation between sequences, ensuring uplink coverage performance.

[0017] In another alternative implementation, the period of the Gold sequence is 2. K -1, K≥max(m1,m2), and 2K≥M. Where K and M are positive integers, this method can reduce the complexity of signals sent by the terminal device and the complexity of signals received by the network device.

[0018] Here, K is a variable independent of M. Thus, when transmitting different numbers of source bits, the sending and receiving sides need to store or generate in real time a period of 2. K A Gold sequence of -1 is sufficient, which reduces the complexity of signals sent by the terminal device and the complexity of signals received by the network device.

[0019] In one alternative implementation, the first signal is adopted - Obtained by modulation using binary phase shift keying or quadrature phase shift keying.

[0020] In one alternative implementation, the first signal is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform extended by discrete Fourier transform.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a communication device. This communication device has some or all of the functions of the terminal device described in the first aspect. For example, the communication device may have some or all of the functions described in the embodiments of the terminal device described in the first aspect of this application, or it may have the functions of any one of the embodiments of this application implemented individually. The functions can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the above functions.

[0022] In one possible design, the communication device may include a processing unit and a communication unit. The processing unit is configured to support the communication device in performing the corresponding functions described in the above method. The communication unit is used to support communication between the communication device and other communication devices. The communication device may also include a storage unit coupled to the processing unit and the communication unit, which stores necessary program instructions and data for the communication device.

[0023] In one embodiment, the communication device includes a processing unit and a communication unit, and the device is applied to a terminal device;

[0024] The processing unit is configured to generate a first sequence based on the source bits, wherein the first sequence is a modified Gold sequence carrying the source bits;

[0025] The communication unit is used to send a first signal, which is obtained by modulating the first sequence and performing resource mapping on the modulated signal.

[0026] The Gold sequence includes a first m sequence and a second m sequence. The first m sequence carries m1 bits of the source bits, and the second m sequence carries m2 bits of the source bits. M1 and m2 are positive integers.

[0027] In addition, other alternative implementations of the communication device in this regard can be found in the relevant content of the first aspect above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0028] As an example, the processing unit can be a processor, and the communication unit can be a transceiver unit, transceiver, or communication interface. It is understood that when the communication device is a communication apparatus (e.g., a terminal or network device), the communication unit can be a transceiver within the communication apparatus (e.g., a transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver), implemented, for example, through an antenna, feeder, and codec within the communication apparatus. Alternatively, if the communication device is a chip located within a device, the processing unit can be the chip's processing circuitry, logic circuitry, etc., and the communication unit can be the chip's input / output interface, such as input / output circuitry, pins, etc.

[0029] In another embodiment, the communication device is a chip or chip system. The processing unit may also be a processing circuit or logic circuit; the communication unit may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip system.

[0030] In implementation, the processor can be used for, but is not limited to, baseband-related processing, and the transceiver can be used for, but is not limited to, radio frequency transceiver. These devices can be disposed on separate chips, or at least partially or entirely on the same chip. For example, the processor can be further divided into analog baseband processors and digital baseband processors. The analog baseband processor can be integrated with the transceiver on the same chip, while the digital baseband processor can be disposed on a separate chip. With the continuous development of integrated circuit technology, more and more devices can be integrated on the same chip. For example, a digital baseband processor can be integrated with multiple application processors (e.g., but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.) on the same chip. Such a chip can be called a system-on-a-chip (SoC). Whether the various devices are disposed independently on different chips or integrated on one or more chips often depends on the needs of the product design. This application does not limit the implementation form of the above-mentioned devices.

[0031] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a processor for executing the various methods described above. During the execution of these methods, the processes of sending and receiving the aforementioned information can be understood as the processor outputting the aforementioned information and the processor receiving the input information. When outputting the aforementioned information, the processor outputs the information to a transceiver for transmission. After being output by the processor, the information may require further processing before reaching the transceiver. Similarly, when the processor receives the input information, the transceiver receives the information and inputs it to the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the information, the information may require further processing before being input to the processor.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, or unless it contradicts its actual function or internal logic in the relevant description, the transmission and reception operations involved by the processor can be more generally understood as processor output and reception, input and other operations, rather than transmission and reception operations directly performed by radio frequency circuits and antennas.

[0033] In implementation, the processor can be a dedicated processor for executing these methods, or it can be a processor that executes computer instructions stored in memory to execute these methods, such as a general-purpose processor. The memory can be a non-transitory memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip or disposed on different chips. This application does not limit the type of memory or the arrangement of the memory and processor.

[0034] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a communication system, which includes a terminal device and a network device. In another possible design, the system may further include other devices / functional network elements that interact with at least one of the terminal device and the network device.

[0035] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, implement the method described in the first aspect above.

[0036] Sixthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product including instructions that, when executed on a communication device, implement the method described in the first aspect above.

[0037] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a chip including a processor (or logic circuit). Optionally, the chip may further include a communication interface (or interface) for implementing at least one of the following: the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect. In one possible implementation, if the chip is the smallest processing unit in the whole machine, the chip may be a processor, or may include a processor and a memory, or may include a processor, a memory, and a transceiver for implementing at least one of the following: the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0038] Eighthly, this application provides a chip system. The chip system includes a processor and an interface. Optionally, it may also include memory for implementing at least one of the following: the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the second to eighth aspects mentioned above can be referred to in the description of the beneficial effects in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture;

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a feedback register;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the gap between the provided SNR and the required SNR;

[0043] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the gap between another provided SNR and the required SNR;

[0044] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a coherent transmission process based on DMRS;

[0045] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a non-coherent transmission process without DMRS;

[0046] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an RM code encoding matrix;

[0047] Figure 8 is a comparative diagram of cross-correlation performance;

[0048] Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a receiving side receiving a signal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 1000 includes a radio access network (RAN) 100, wherein the RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (110a and 110b in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 110), and may also include at least one terminal device (120a-120j in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 120). The RAN 100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in Figure 1). The terminal device 120 is wirelessly connected to the RAN node 110. Terminal devices and RAN nodes can be interconnected via wired or wireless means. The communication system 1000 may also include a core network 200. The RAN node 110 is connected to the core network 200 via wireless or wired means. The core network equipment in core network 200 and the RAN node 110 in RAN 100 can be independent and different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device that integrates the logical functions of the core network equipment and the logical functions of the RAN node. Communication system 1000 may also include Internet 300.

[0054] RAN100 can be an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) system, a new radio (NR) system, or a future radio access system as defined in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP). RAN100 can also include two or more of the above-mentioned different radio access systems. RAN100 can also be an open RAN (O-RAN).

[0055] RAN nodes, also known as radio access network equipment, RAN entities, or access nodes, are used to help terminal devices access communication systems wirelessly. In one application scenario, an RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, a next-generation base station in a 6G mobile communication system, or a base station in a future mobile communication system. RAN nodes can be macro base stations (as shown in Figure 1, 110a), micro base stations or indoor stations (as shown in Figure 1, 110b), relay nodes, or donor nodes.

[0056] In another application scenario, multiple RAN nodes can collaborate to help terminals achieve wireless access, with different RAN nodes implementing different functions of the base station. For example, a RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU). Here, the CU performs the functions of the base station's Radio Resource Control (RRC) and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), and can also perform the functions of the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP). The DU performs the functions of the base station's Radio Link Control (RANC) and Medium Access Control (MAC) layers, and can also perform some or all of the physical layer functions. For specific descriptions of these protocol layers, refer to the relevant 3GPP technical specifications. The RU can be used to implement radio frequency signal transmission and reception. The CU and DU can be two independent RAN nodes or integrated into the same RAN node, such as within a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in radio frequency equipment, such as in a remote radio unit (RRU) or an active antenna unit (AAU). The CU can be further divided into two types of RAN nodes: CU-control plane and CU-user plane.

[0057] In different systems, RAN nodes may have different names. For example, in an O-RAN system, a CU can be called an open CU (O-CU), a DU can be called an open DU (O-DU), and an RU can be called an open RU (O-RU). The RAN nodes in the embodiments of this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. For example, a RAN node can be a server loaded with the corresponding software modules. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the RAN nodes. For ease of description, a base station is used as an example of a RAN node in the following description.

[0058] A terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, capable of sending signals to or receiving signals from a base station. Terminal devices can also be called terminals, user equipment (UE), mobile stations, mobile terminals, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), the Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, and smart cities. Terminals can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the terminals.

[0059] In this embodiment, the device for implementing the terminal's functions can be a terminal itself; or it can be a device capable of supporting the terminal in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the terminal. In this embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0060] Base stations and terminals can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can be deployed on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the base stations and terminals.

[0061] The roles of base stations and terminals can be relative. For example, the helicopter or drone 120i in Figure 1 can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j that access the wireless access network 100 through 120i, terminal 120i is a base station; however, for base station 110a, 120i is a terminal, meaning that 110a and 120i communicate via a wireless air interface protocol. Of course, 110a and 120i can also communicate via a base station-to-base station interface protocol. In this case, relative to 110a, 120i is also a base station. Therefore, both base stations and terminals can be collectively referred to as communication devices. 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be called communication devices with base station functions, and 120a-120j in Figure 1 can be called communication devices with terminal functions.

[0062] Wireless communication can be conducted between base stations and terminals, between base stations, and between terminals using air interface resources. Air interface resources can include at least one of time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, code resources, and spatial resources. Communication between base stations and terminals, between base stations, and between terminals can be conducted using licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or both simultaneously. Communication can be conducted using spectrum below 6 GHz, spectrum above 6 GHz, or both simultaneously. This application does not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0063] In the embodiments of this application, the functions of the base station can be executed by modules (such as chips) within the base station, or by a control subsystem that includes base station functions. This control subsystem, including base station functions, can be a control center in the aforementioned application scenarios such as smart grids, industrial control, intelligent transportation, and smart cities.

[0064] It is understood that when the solutions of this application are applied to 6G or future communication systems, the corresponding device / entity names may change, and this application does not limit them.

[0065] The embodiments disclosed in this application will be presented to illustrate various aspects, embodiments, or features of this application in relation to systems including multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that individual systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, combinations of these approaches may also be used.

[0066] To facilitate understanding of the solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms that may be involved in the embodiments of this application are explained below.

[0067] 1.m sequence.

[0068] m-sequence is short for Longest Linear Feedback Shift Register Sequence, which is the longest-period sequence generated by a shift register with linear feedback. Generally, the longest period generated by an n-stage linear feedback shift register is equal to 2. n -1, where n is a positive integer. See Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of a feedback register structure. In Figure 2, a1, a2, ..., a n The initial input to the feedback register, or the bit data used for initialization, is stored in memory, f(a1,a2,…,a…). n ) is the feedback function. As shown in Figure 2, a1, a2, ..., a nA new sequence is generated using a feedback function and added to memory. For example, the feedback function can be an XOR operation on the bits in memory. The register output is:

[0069] The m-sequence is determined by the initial bit values ​​stored in the register and the primitive polynomial, where the order of the primitive polynomial is the highest power of the polynomial. For example, f(x) = x 7 The recurrence relation for the expression +x+1 is: s(t)+s(t-6)+s(t-7)=0. For binary operations, all are defined as modulo 2 operations, i.e., -1=1 (mod 2), 1+1=0 (mod 2), 1+0=1 (mod 2), 0+0=0 (mod 2). Therefore, the feedback function f(x)=x 7 +x+1 can be transformed into a recursive formula: s(t)=mod(s(t-6)+s(t-7),2).

[0070] Typically, for a binary sequence, the primitive polynomial is: The recursive formula is:

[0071] 2. Gold sequence.

[0072] Gold sequences are pseudo-random sequences, which can be viewed as the result of an element-wise XOR operation on two m-sequences with different primitive polynomials. Furthermore, gold sequences exhibit good autocorrelation and cross-correlation, and their large number allows them to carry a significant amount of bit information.

[0073] In U6G (the upper half of 6GHz) communication scenarios, uplink channels generally suffer from coverage limitations. For example, the uplink coverage of the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) used for enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and the PUSCH used for voice over internet protocol (VoIP) transmission is significantly affected. Then, the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) of format B4, the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) of format 1, and the 11-bit and 22-bit PUCCH of format 3 are also affected.

[0074] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, which illustrate the gap between the provided SNR and the required SNR, respectively. Specifically, Figures 3 and 4 show the gap between the provided SNR and the required SNR in a U6G scenario with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 30 kHz. When the inter-station spacing is 500 m, the target maximum path loss (MPL) is 121.75 dB; when the inter-station spacing is 1732 m, the target MPL is 131.57 dB. Figures 3 and 4 show that in the U6G scenario, for format 3 PUCCH and PUSCH, the difference between the provided SNR and the required SNR is negative, requiring uplink coverage enhancement for format 3 PUCCH and PUSCH.

[0075] Among them, PUSCH small packet transmission is generally used to report buffer status report (BSR), and its number of bits is 10 to 30 bits; the number of bits of uplink control information (UCI) corresponding to the RM code encoding of PUCCH format 3 is 3 to 11 bits.

[0076] In addition, small packet transmission schemes include the following two methods: Method 1, coherent transmission based on DMRS; Method 2, incoherent transmission without DMRS. Figure 5 is a flowchart of a coherent transmission based on DMRS, and Figure 6 is a flowchart of an incoherent transmission without DMRS. As shown in Figure 5, in coherent transmission based on DMRS, the source bits are encoded, modulated, and waveform generated, then multiplexed with DMRS and mapped to resources before being transmitted. As shown in Figure 6, in incoherent transmission without DMRS, the source bits are converted into integers I, and the I-th sequence is selected from the sequence pool for transmission, thus being mapped onto resources for transmission.

[0077] Specifically, in DMRS-based coherent transmission, for PUCCH format 3, UCI is encoded using RM codes to obtain 32-character codewords. The RM code is a Reed-Muller code, and the encoding matrix of the RM code is shown in Figure 7. Since PUCCH format 3 occupies 1 to 16 resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain and 4 to 14 symbols in the time domain, considering the limitations of time and frequency resources, the RM codewords need to be repeated. For example, the repeated RM codewords are mapped to time and frequency resources in the order of first the frequency domain and then the time domain.

[0078] In addition, to improve coverage performance, a method based on truncating m-sequences for transmitting PUCCH format 3 is proposed. Specifically, the transmitter carries source bits on an m-sequence, modulates the carried m-sequence, truncates the length of the modulated m-sequence to S*T, and then maps the truncated m-sequence onto resources for transmission. Here, S is the number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, T is the number of subcarriers on a single OFDM symbol, and S and T are positive integers.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 8, which is a comparative diagram of cross-correlation performance. Specifically, Figure 8 compares the cross-correlation performance of transmission based on truncated m-sequences and transmission based on RM code encoding. As shown in Figure 8, the cross-correlation coefficient of transmission based on truncated m-sequences is lower than that of transmission based on RM code encoding, meaning that the cross-correlation coefficient of transmission based on truncated m-sequences is better than that of transmission based on RM code encoding. However, in the transmission method based on truncated m-sequences, if the number of bits to be carried in the future is large, such as 30 to 60 bits, the m-sequence needs to be truncated by a large number of elements, which will destroy the cross-correlation. For example, when transmitting 11 source bits based on 1 RB and 5 OFDM symbols, the length of the m-sequence is 2. 11 -1 = 2047, and the resource elements are 1 * 12 * 5 = 60. Therefore, the length of the m-sequence needs to be truncated from 2047 to 60, which means the length of the m-sequence needs to be shortened by 2047 - 60 = 1987. The truncated length is relatively large, which will lead to an increase in cross-correlation. Therefore, how to transmit large amounts of bit information still needs to be studied.

[0080] In this embodiment, the terminal device uses a Gold sequence to carry source bits and transmits the signal generated by carrying source bits with a Gold sequence. The Gold sequence has a large sequence capacity and can carry more bit information. Therefore, compared with the truncated m-sequence scheme shown in Figure 8, it can transmit a larger amount of bit information.

[0081] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This application uses a terminal device as the execution subject to illustrate the corresponding method. For example, the terminal device is the terminal equipment in the system shown in Figure 1. However, this application does not limit the execution subject of the method. For example, the terminal device in the method can also be a processor, module, chip, chip system, or software module that supports the implementation of the corresponding method.

[0082] This application provides a communication method, and Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating the communication method. The communication method is described from the perspective of a terminal device. The communication method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0083] S901. The terminal device generates a first sequence based on the source bits. The first sequence is a modified Gold sequence carrying the source bits. The Gold sequence includes a first m sequence and a second m sequence. The first m sequence is used to carry m1 bits of the source bits, and the second m sequence is used to carry m2 bits of the source bits.

[0084] Where m1 and m2 are positive integers. Source bits are the bits to be transmitted. For example, source bits are the source bits in small packet transmission, such as PUCCH including format3, or PUSCH including small packet transmission.

[0085] In this method, the terminal device uses Gold sequences to carry source bits, which is a non-coherent transmission method without DMRS; in other words, the terminal device does not need to configure DMRS sequences. Since Gold sequences have good cross-correlation performance, the receiving side can obtain the actual transmitted source bits by performing correlation detection based on the received signal and the local Gold sequence pool.

[0086] Additionally, since the period of the Gold sequence is 2... n The values ​​of -1, n = 1, 2, ..., and the number of subcarriers in the configured time-frequency resources may not match, therefore length matching is required. This means that the complete periodic Gold sequence needs to be modified, for example, by truncating or cyclically expanding the complete periodic Gold sequence, to meet the requirements of the time-frequency resources. Therefore, the first sequence is the modified Gold sequence carrying the source bits, and this modification includes, but is not limited to, truncating or cyclically expanding.

[0087] Furthermore, the Gold sequence includes a first m-sequence used to carry m1 bits of the source bits, and a second m-sequence used to carry m2 bits of the source bits. Therefore, since the Gold sequence consists of two m-sequences, the terminal device can use the two m-sequences in the Gold sequence to carry m1 bits and m2 bits of the source bits respectively, thus realizing the Gold sequence's carrying of the source bits. Because the Gold sequence can carry more information, using the Gold sequence to carry the source bits allows for the transmission of larger amounts of data.

[0088] In this embodiment, when using a Gold sequence to carry source bits, the source bits are unknown to the network device. However, when using a Gold sequence as the DMRS for OFDM waveform transmission, the DMRS is known to the network device. Therefore, the method of using a Gold sequence to carry source bits in this embodiment is different from the method of using a Gold sequence as the DMRS.

[0089] In one optional implementation, the first m-sequence is used to carry m1 bits of the source bits, and the second m-sequence is used to carry m2 bits of the source bits, including: m1 bits are used for initialization of the first m-sequence, and m2 bits are used for initialization of the second m-sequence. Alternatively, the first m-sequence being used to carry m1 bits of the source bits and the second m-sequence being used to carry m2 bits of the source bits includes: using the register initial value of the first m-sequence to carry m1 bits, and using the register initial value of the second m-sequence to carry m2 bits. Or, the first m-sequence being used to carry m1 bits of the source bits and the second m-sequence being used to carry m2 bits of the source bits includes: using different cyclic shifts of the first m-sequence and the second m-sequence to carry m1 bits and m2 bits respectively.

[0090] Since the Gold sequence can be viewed as the XOR of two m-sequences, bit information can be carried based on the initial values ​​of the registers of the two m-sequences in the Gold sequence. Furthermore, cyclic shifts and initial values ​​of the m-sequences are equivalent. For example, for the m-sequence [x... k ],k=0,1,2,…,2 n -1, the initial value of the m-sequence is defined as the initial bit value (x0, x1, x2, ... x) stored in the register. n-1 ), change the initial bit value (x′0,x′1,x′2,…x′) n-1 ), to obtain the sequence [x k+l ]. Among them, [x k+l ] represents the sequence [x k The m-sequence is obtained by cyclically shifting it left by l bits. Therefore, different cyclic shifts of two m-sequences can be used to carry bit information.

[0091] As can be seen, the terminal device can use m1 bits and m2 bits from the source bits as the initial inputs to the first m-sequence and the second m-sequence, respectively, so that the first m-sequence carries the m1 bits from the source bits, and the second m-sequence carries the m2 bits from the source bits. Alternatively, the terminal device can use different cyclic shifts of the first m-sequence and the second m-sequence to carry the m1 bits and m2 bits from the source bits, respectively, thus achieving the carrying of the source bits.

[0092] Optionally, the terminal device carries m1 bits from the source bits on the first m sequence and m2 bits from the source bits on the second m sequence. This can be understood as mapping m1 bits from the source bits onto the first m sequence and mapping m2 bits from the source bits onto the second m sequence.

[0093] Optionally, the terminal device carries m1 bits from the source bits on a first m sequence and m2 bits from the source bits on a second m sequence. This can be understood as: using the first m sequence to encode m1 bits from the source bits, and using the second m sequence to encode m2 bits from the source bits. Both the first m sequence and the second m sequence are considered cyclic codes.

[0094] In one optional implementation, m1 or m2 is associated with one or more of the following: the total number of source bits M, the number of resource elements (REs) of the transmitted source bits N, and the modulation order X of the transmitted source bits. Wherein, M, N, and X are all positive integers.

[0095] In this context, m1 or m2 is associated with one or more of the following: M, N, X. Alternatively, it can be understood that m1 or m2 is associated with one or more of the following: M, N, X. For example, the sum of m1 and m2 equals M, meaning the sum of the number of bits carried by the first m-sequence and the number of bits carried by the second m-sequence equals the total number of source bits.

[0096] In one optional implementation, m1 and m2 satisfy the following relationship: Alternatively, the allocation of the number of source bits carried by the first m-sequence and the second m-sequence satisfies: min(max(m1,M-m1)-log2(N*X)), or min(max(m2,M-m2)-log2(N*X)).

[0097] Here, min() represents the minimum value function, max(m1,m2) represents the maximum value between m1 and m2, abs() is the absolute value function, and log2() represents the logarithmic function with base 2.

[0098] In one optional implementation, the period of the Gold sequence is...

[0099] The period of the Gold sequence is... m1 and m2 satisfy the following relationship: In this case, the difference between the period length of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits and N*X can be minimized. Thus, when performing resource mapping on the Gold sequence carrying the source bits, the length of the period length of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits that needs to be truncated or cyclically extended can be minimized, the cross-correlation between sequences can be minimized, and the uplink coverage performance can be improved.

[0100] In another alternative implementation, the period of the Gold sequence is 2. K -1, K≥max(m1,m2), and 2K≥M.

[0101] The period of the Gold sequence is 2. K -1, K≥max(m1,m2), and 2K≥M, m1 and m2 satisfy the following relationship: In the case where the period length of the Gold sequence is greater than the resource length of the maximum time-frequency resource and greater than the period length of the Gold sequence required for the maximum number of source bits.

[0102] Furthermore, K is a variable independent of M. Therefore, when transmitting different numbers of source bits, the sending and receiving sides need to store or generate in real time a period of 2. K A Gold sequence of -1 is sufficient, which reduces the complexity of signals sent by the terminal device and the complexity of signals received by the network device.

[0103] For example, the terminal device adopts When using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, the modulation order X of the source bits is 1, the number of resource elements N for transmitting source bits is 168, and the total number of source bits M is 20. Therefore, if we directly consider that the period of a single m-sequence is closest to N*X, then a period of 2 is chosen. 7 The m-sequence with a value of -1 = 127 can carry 7 bits of the source bit. Therefore, another m-sequence in the Gold sequence needs to carry 13 bits of the source bit. To match the time-frequency resources, the period length of this m-sequence needs to be truncated by 2. 13 -168 = 8024 length.

[0104] However, if the period of the Gold sequence is m1 and m2 satisfy the following relationship: In this case, we determine that m1 = m2 = 10. When m1 = m2 = 10, the period length of the Gold sequence needs to be truncated to the shortest possible length, i.e., the period length of the Gold sequence needs to be truncated by 2. 10-168 = 856. Furthermore, if the m-sequence is used directly to carry the source bits for transmission, the period length of the m-sequence needs to be truncated by 2. 20 -1-168 is long, and its truncated length is relatively long, resulting in a large cross-correlation.

[0105] It can be seen that the source bits are carried by two m sequences in the Gold sequence, and the period of the Gold sequence is... The number of bits carried by the two m sequences respectively satisfies When the period length of the Gold sequence is truncated to the shortest possible length, the cross-correlation between sequences can be reduced, thereby improving uplink coverage.

[0106] Furthermore, the first sequence is a modified version of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits. This can be understood as the terminal device modifying the Gold sequence carrying the source bits to obtain the first sequence. The terminal device can modify the Gold sequence carrying the source bits in various ways to obtain the first sequence, and this application embodiment does not limit this method.

[0107] In one optional implementation, the terminal device modifies the Gold sequence carrying the source bits, which can be understood as truncating the period length of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits. Specifically, when the period P of the Gold sequence is greater than N*X, in order to adapt to time and frequency resources, the terminal device truncates the period length of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits to N*X, and the truncated Gold sequence is the first sequence.

[0108] For example, N*X has a length of 168, the source bits are 20 bits, and m1 and m2 satisfy the following relationship: In the case where m1 = m2 = 10, the period of the Gold sequence is... The terminal device truncates the period length of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits from 1023 to 168, and the truncated Gold sequence is the first sequence.

[0109] In another optional implementation, the terminal device modifies the Gold sequence carrying the source bits. This can be understood as: truncating the period length of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits to a first value, and then cyclically expanding the truncated Gold sequence to a length of N*X. Specifically, when the period P of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits is greater than N*X, to adapt to time-frequency resources, the terminal device truncates the period length of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits to the first value, and then cyclically expands the truncated Gold sequence to a sequence of length N*X. Where the first value is less than N*X, the truncated and cyclically expanded Gold sequence is the first sequence. In this method, the receiving side can first coherently combine the cyclically expanded portion, and then perform coherent detection. The essence of coherent combining is addition, while the essence of correlation detection is multiplication; the complexity of multiplication is much higher than that of addition. Therefore, transmitting the modified Gold sequence reduces detection complexity compared to directly transmitting the unmodified m-sequence.

[0110] For example, N*X has a length of 168, the source bits are 20 bits, and m1 and m2 satisfy the following relationship: In the case where m1 = m2 = 10, the period of the Gold sequence is... The terminal device truncates the period length of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits to 84, and then cyclically expands the truncated Gold sequence once, so that the period length of the Gold sequence is 168. The Gold sequence after truncation and cyclic expansion is the first sequence.

[0111] In another optional implementation, the terminal device modifies the Gold sequence carrying the source bits, which can be understood as: cyclically extending the period length of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits. Specifically, when the period of the Gold sequence is less than N*X, the terminal device cyclically extends the period length of the Gold sequence to N*X.

[0112] For example, if the length of N*X is 45 and the period of the Gold sequence is 15, the terminal device will cyclically expand the Gold sequence carrying the source bits twice, cyclically expanding the period length of the Gold sequence to 45, and obtain the modified Gold sequence, which is the first sequence.

[0113] Optionally, the process by which the terminal device modifies the Gold sequence carrying the source bits can also be viewed as mapping the Gold sequence carrying the source bits onto time-frequency resources. For example, truncating the Gold sequence carrying the source bits to a length of N*X can be understood as truncating the period length of the Gold sequence carrying the source bits to a length of N*X, and mapping the truncated Gold sequence onto N*X resource elements.

[0114] S902. The terminal device sends a first signal, which is obtained by modulating a first sequence and performing resource mapping on the modulated signal.

[0115] In this embodiment, when the terminal device is a device, the terminal device may transmit the first signal through an antenna provided with the device. When the terminal device is a chip, the terminal device may transmit the first signal by outputting the first signal from the chip. Optionally, the chip includes an interface, and the terminal device may output the first signal through the interface in the chip.

[0116] Furthermore, the first signal is obtained through the following processing: the terminal device modulates the first sequence to obtain a modulated signal; the terminal device performs resource mapping on the modulated signal to obtain the first signal. In other words, the first signal is obtained by the terminal device modulating the first sequence and performing resource mapping on the modulated signal.

[0117] In one optional implementation, the terminal device may employ - BPSK or QPSK is used to modulate the first sequence to obtain the modulated signal. In other words, the first signal is obtained by using... The first sequence is obtained by modulation using BPSK or QPSK. Optionally, the terminal device may also use other modulation methods to modulate the first sequence, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0118] In one optional implementation, the first signal is a discrete Fourier transform-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform. Optionally, the first signal can also be other types of waveforms, which are not limited in this application.

[0119] Optionally, the receiving side can receive the first signal. For example, a network device acting as the receiving side receives the first signal. In this embodiment, when the network device is a device, the network device receives the first signal through an antenna provided with the device. When the network device is a chip, the network device receives the first signal by inputting the first signal into the chip. Optionally, the chip includes an interface, and the network device can input the first signal through the interface in the chip.

[0120] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the terminal device sends a first signal after modulating the first sequence and performing resource mapping on the modulated signal. The first sequence is obtained by modifying the Gold sequence carrying the source bits. The Gold sequence carries the source bits by having two m sequences in the Gold sequence each carry a portion of the source bits. Since the Gold sequence can carry a large amount of bit information, this method can achieve the transmission of a large amount of data.

[0121] In addition, the terminal device uses Gold sequence to carry source bits, which is a non-coherent transmission method without DMRS, thus enabling the transmission of a large amount of data while ensuring coverage.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of the signal reception process at the receiving side. As shown in Figure 10, the steps performed by the receiving side on the received signal in sequence include, but are not limited to, the following steps: filtering, downsampling, fast Fourier transform (FFT), noise power normalization, coherent processing with the local frequency domain sequence, comparison of correlation values ​​and detection thresholds, and detection of the sequence transmitted by the transmitting side.

[0123] The following section further describes the corresponding device implementation scheme in relation to the technical solution described above.

[0124] To achieve the functions of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application, the terminal-side device and the network-side device may include hardware structures and / or software modules, implementing the above functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or a combination of hardware structures and software modules. Whether a particular function is executed in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or a combination of hardware structures and software modules depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0125] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in this application. The communication device 1100 may include modules that perform the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the embodiment shown in Figure 9. These modules may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software.

[0126] The communication device 1100 includes a communication unit 1101 and a processing unit 1102, used to implement the methods executed by the various devices in the foregoing embodiments. The communication unit 1101 is also called a transceiver unit, which includes a sending unit and a receiving unit. The sending unit is used to send signals, and the receiving unit is used to receive signals.

[0127] In one possible implementation, the device is, for example, a terminal device. Specifically, the processing unit 1102 is used to generate a first sequence based on source bits, the first sequence being a modified Gold sequence carrying the source bits; the communication unit 1101 is used to transmit a first signal, the first signal being obtained by modulating the first sequence and performing resource mapping on the modulated signal; wherein, the Gold sequence includes a first m sequence and a second m sequence, the first m sequence carrying m1 bits of the source bits, and the second m sequence carrying m2 bits of the source bits, where m1 and m2 are positive integers.

[0128] The specific execution flow of the communication unit 1101 and the processing unit 1102 in this embodiment can be referred to the steps described by the terminal device in the previous method embodiment, as well as related descriptions, which will not be repeated here. In the communication method implemented by this device, the terminal device can use a Gold sequence to carry the source bits, which can realize the transmission of a large amount of data.

[0129] In one possible implementation, when the communication device is a chip, the chip includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit. The transceiver unit can be an input / output circuit or a communication interface; the processing unit is a processor, microprocessor, integrated circuit, or logic circuit integrated on the chip.

[0130] This application also provides a communication device 1200. Please refer to FIG12, which is another structural schematic diagram of the communication device 1100 in this application embodiment. The communication device 1200 can be used to perform the steps performed by the terminal device in the above method embodiments, and can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0131] The communication device includes a processor 1201. Optionally, the communication device may also include a memory 1202 and a transceiver 1203.

[0132] In one possible implementation, the processor 1201, memory 1202, and transceiver 1203 are connected via a bus, and the memory stores computer instructions. Optionally, the processor 1201 and memory 1202 can also be integrated together.

[0133] Optionally, the processing unit 1102 in the foregoing embodiments may specifically be the processor 1201 in this embodiment, therefore the specific implementation of the processor 1201 will not be described in detail. The communication unit 1101 in the foregoing embodiments may specifically be the transceiver 1203 in this embodiment, therefore the specific implementation of the transceiver 1203 will not be described in detail.

[0134] In this application, the processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components, capable of implementing or executing the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in this application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0135] In this application, the memory can be non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or it can be volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM). Memory is any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer, but is not limited to this. The memory in this application can also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing storage functions for storing program instructions and / or data.

[0136] This application provides another communication device, which includes a processor and an interface. Optionally, it also includes a memory, with the processor coupled to the memory. The processor is used to read and execute computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the communication method in the embodiment shown in FIG9.

[0137] This application also provides a communication system, which includes a terminal device and a network device. The terminal device is used to perform all or part of the steps performed by the terminal device in the foregoing embodiments. In another possible design, the system may further include other devices / functional network elements that interact with at least one of the terminal device and the network device.

[0138] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a program or instructions. When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication method shown in the embodiment of FIG9 is implemented.

[0139] This application provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes instructions. When the instructions are executed on a communication device, they implement the communication method shown in the embodiment of FIG9.

[0140] This application provides a chip or chip system including at least one processor and an interface. The interface and the at least one processor are interconnected via a circuit. The at least one processor is used to run computer programs or instructions to perform the communication method shown in the embodiment of FIG9. The interface in the chip can be an input / output interface, pins, or circuits, etc.

[0141] The aforementioned chip system can be a system on chip (SOC) or a baseband chip, etc. The baseband chip may include a processor, channel encoder, digital signal processor, modem and interface module, etc.

[0142] In one implementation, the chip or chip system described above in this application further includes at least one memory, which stores instructions. The memory can be an internal storage unit of the chip, such as a register or cache, or it can be a storage unit of the chip itself (e.g., read-only memory, random access memory, etc.).

[0143] The technical solutions provided in this application can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, they can be implemented in whole or in part as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a terminal, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media, etc.

[0144] In this application, provided there is no logical contradiction, the various embodiments may reference each other. For example, the methods and / or terms between method embodiments may reference each other, the functions and / or terms between device embodiments may reference each other, and the functions and / or terms between device embodiments and method embodiments may reference each other.

[0145] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the source bits, a first sequence is generated, which is a modified Gold sequence carrying the source bits; Send a first signal, which is obtained by modulating the first sequence and performing resource mapping on the modulated signal; The Gold sequence includes a first m sequence and a second m sequence. The first m sequence carries m1 bits of the source bits, and the second m sequence carries m2 bits of the source bits. M1 and m2 are positive integers.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The m1 bits are used for initializing the first m sequence, and the m2 bits are used for initializing the second m sequence.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The m1 or m2 is associated with one or more of the following: the total number of source bits M, the number of resource elements for transmitting the source bits N, and the modulation order X for transmitting the source bits; M, N, and X are all positive integers.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The m1 and the m2 satisfy the following relationship:

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The period of the Gold sequence is or, The period of the Gold sequence is 2. K -1, K≥max(m1,m2), and 2K≥M; M is the total number of source bits, K and M are positive integers, and K and M are independent of each other.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first signal is adopted - Obtained by modulation using binary phase shift keying or quadrature phase shift keying.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first signal is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform extended by discrete Fourier transform.

8. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a module for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A chip, characterized in that, It includes at least one processor, the processor being configured to execute instructions to cause a communication device including the chip to perform the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. The chip according to claim 10, characterized in that, The chip also includes an interface circuit for receiving the executed instructions and transmitting them to the processor.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store instructions that, when executed on a communication device, implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

13. A computer program product containing instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on the communication device, they implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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