Measurement reporting for low power mode

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to low power mode. In some embodiments, a method is disclosed for: performing a measurement based on an early measurement reporting (EMR) configuration; monitoring a low power wake up signal (LP-WUS) from a second apparatus based on an LP-WUS configuration; and determining information associated with the measurement based on whether the first apparatus was or has been in a LP-WUS mode, the information associated with the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result of the measurement.

Description

MEASUREMENT REPORTING FOR LOW POWER MODECROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims priority from, and the benefit of, US Provisional Application No. 63 / 718318, filed November 8, 2024, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.FIELDS

[0002] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication, and in particular, to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for measurement reporting for low power mode.BACKGROUND

[0003] Communication systems such as fifth generation (5G) systems are designed and developed targeting for both mobile telephony and vertical use cases. Besides latency, reliability, and availability, user equipment (UE) energy efficiency is also a concerning aspect for the communication systems. Currently, devices such as UE may need to be recharged per week or day, depending on individual’s usage time. In general, 5G devices consume tens of milliwatts in radio resource control (RRC) idle / inactive state and hundreds of milliwatts in RRC connected state. Designs to prolong battery life is a necessity for improving energy efficiency as well as for better user experience.

[0004] Energy efficiency is even more critical for UEs without a continuous energy source, e.g., UEs using small rechargeable and single coin cell batteries. Among vertical use cases, sensors and actuators are deployed extensively for monitoring, measuring, charging, etc. Generally, their batteries are not rechargeable and are expected to last at least few years. Currently, UEs need to periodically wake up once per discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle, which dominates the power consumption in periods with no signaling or data traffic. If UEs are able to wake up only when they are addressed, e.g., by paging, power consumption could be dramatically reduced. This can be achieved by using a wake-up signal to trigger or wake-up a main radio of the UE. A separate receiver of the UE may have the ability to monitor wake-up signal with ultra-low power consumption. The main radio works for downlink reception as well as uplink transmission. The main radio is also responsible for cell (re)selection evaluation to ensure e.g., that the UE is camping on the best cell. The main radio can be set to different power state, such as a sleep mode.SUMMARY

[0005] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to: perform a measurement basedon an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; monitor a low power wake up signal, LP- WUS, from a second apparatus based on a LP-WUS configuration; determine information associated with the measurement based on whether the first apparatus was or has been in a LP-WUS mode, the information associated with the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement.

[0006] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to: transmit, to a first apparatus, an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; transmit, to the first apparatus, a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS configuration; transmit a LP-WUS signal to the first apparatus; and receive, from the first apparatus, one of the followings: information associated with a measurement that is based on the EMR configuration, the information associate the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement, or a further indication regarding a LP-WUS mode.

[0007] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to: receive, from a second apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; determine whether to perform a validity check on a measurement result that is based on the EMR configuration, based at least on the LP-WUS configuration or the EMR configuration; and perform, based on the validity check, a transmission of a measurement report of the measurement result.

[0008] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to: transmit, to a first apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; and receive, from the first apparatus, a measurement report of measurement result or an indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode, wherein the measurement result is based on the EMR configuration.

[0009] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to: receive, from a second apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; perform a measurement based on the EMR configuration; and determine, based at least on the LP-WUS configuration or EMR configuration, at least one of the following: ameasurement report of the measurement, an EMR-LP-WUS mode evaluation, a validity check, a validity status indication, an indication of availability of the measurement, or a transmission of the measurement report.

[0010] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to: transmit, to a first apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; and receive, from the first apparatus, at least one of: a measurement report of a measurement that is performed based on the EMR configuration or an indication of the measurement report.

[0011] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: performing a measurement based on an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; monitoring a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, from a second apparatus based on a LP-WUS configuration; determining information associated with the measurement based on whether the first apparatus was or has been in a LP-WUS mode, the information associated with the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement.

[0012] In an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: transmitting, to a first apparatus, an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; transmitting, to the first apparatus, a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS configuration; transmitting a LP-WUS signal to the first apparatus; and receiving, from the first apparatus, one of the followings: information associated with a measurement that is based on the EMR configuration, the information associate the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement, or a further indication regarding a LP-WUS mode.

[0013] In a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, from a second apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; determining whether to perform a validity check on a measurement result that is based on the EMR configuration, based at least on the LP-WUS configuration or the EMR configuration; and performing, based on the validity check, a transmission of a measurement report of the measurement result.

[0014] In a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: transmitting, to a first apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; and receiving, from the first apparatus, a measurement report of measurement result or an indication indicating that the firstapparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode, wherein the measurement result is based on the EMR configuration.

[0015] In an eleventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, from a second apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; performing a measurement based on the EMR configuration; and determining, based at least on the LP-WUS configuration or EMR configuration, at least one of the following: a measurement report of the measurement, an EMR- LP-WUS mode evaluation, a validity check, a validity status indication, an indication of availability of the measurement, or a transmission of the measurement report.

[0016] In a twelfth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: transmitting, to a first apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; and receiving, from the first apparatus, at least one of: a measurement report of a measurement that is performed based on the EMR configuration or an indication of the measurement report.

[0017] In a thirteenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises means for performing a measurement based on an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; means for monitoring a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, from a second apparatus based on a LP-WUS configuration; means for determining information associated with the measurement based on whether the first apparatus was or has been in a LP-WUS mode, the information associated with the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement.

[0018] In a fourteenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS configuration; means for transmitting a LP-WUS signal to the first apparatus; and means for receiving, from the first apparatus, one of the followings: associated with a measurement that is based on the EMR configuration, the information associate the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement, or a further indication regarding a LP-WUS mode.

[0019] In a fifteenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The third apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; means for determining whether to perform a validity check on a measurement result that is based on the EMR configuration, based at least on the LP-WUS configuration or the EMR configuration; and means for performing, based on the validity check, a transmission of a measurement report of the measurementresult.

[0020] In a sixteenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The fourth apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; and means for receiving, from the first apparatus, a measurement report of measurement result or an indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode, wherein the measurement result is based on the EMR configuration.

[0021] In a seventeenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The fifth apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; means for performing a measurement based on the EMR configuration; and means for determining, based at least on the LP-WUS configuration or EMR configuration, at least one of the following: a measurement report of the measurement, an EMR-LP-WUS mode evaluation, a validity check, a validity status indication, an indication of availability of the measurement, or a transmission of the measurement report.

[0022] In an eighteenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The sixth apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; and means for receiving, from the first apparatus, at least one of: a measurement report of a measurement that is performed based on the EMR configuration or an indication of the measurement report.

[0023] In a nineteenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to any of the seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth aspect.

[0024] It is to be understood that the Summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

[0026] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;

[0027] FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B illustrates example block diagrams of a first apparatus with a main radio and a wake-up receiver, respectively;

[0028] FIG. 3 illustrates an example signaling flow of measurement reporting for low power mode according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0029] FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of measurement reporting for low power mode according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0030] FIG. 5 illustrates another example signaling flow of measurement for low power mode according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0031] FIG. 6 illustrates another schematic diagram of measurement reporting for low power mode according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0032] FIG. 7 illustrates another example signaling flow of measurement for low power mode according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0033] FIG. 8 illustrates another example signaling flow of measurement for low power mode according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0034] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first apparatus according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0035] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second apparatus according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0036] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first apparatus according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0037] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second apparatus according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0038] FIG. 13 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first apparatus according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0039] FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second apparatus according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG. 15 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0041] FIG. 16 illustrates a block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0042] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described hereincan be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.

[0044] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

[0045] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “an example embodiment,” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.

[0046] It shall be understood that although the terms “first,” “second” and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.

[0047] As used herein, “at least one of the following: ” and “at least one of ” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or”, mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.

[0048] As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step has to be performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included.

[0049] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “has”, “having”, “includes” and / or “including”, when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0050] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and(b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable):(i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit(s) with software / firmware and(ii) any portions of hardware processor(s) with software (including digital signal processor(s)), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and(c) hardware circuit(s) and or processor(s), such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.

[0051] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.

[0052] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as 6G, New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-loT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1 G), the second generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G), the fourth generation (4G), 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.

[0053] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP), for example, a node B (NodeB or NB), an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB), a Remote Radio Unit (RRU), a radio head (RH), a remote radio head (RRH), a relay, an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-groundnetwork device such as a satellite network device, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network device, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In some example embodiments, radio access network (RAN) split architecture comprises a Centralized Unit (CU) and a Distributed Unit (DU) at an IAB donor node. An IAB node comprises a Mobile Terminal (IAB-MT) part that behaves like a UE toward the parent node, and a DU part of an IAB node behaves like a base station toward the next-hop IAB node.

[0054] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE), a Subscriber Station (SS), a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS), or an Access Terminal (AT). The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE), laptop-mounted equipment (LME), USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE), an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery), an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts), a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. The terminal device may also correspond to a Mobile Termination (MT) part of an IAB node (e.g., a relay node). In the following description, the terms “terminal device”, “communication device”, “terminal”, “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.

[0055] As used herein, the term “resource,” “transmission resource,” “resource block,” “physical resource block” (PRB), “uplink resource,” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, for example, a communication between a terminal device and a network device, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.

[0056] As used herein, the term “LP-SS” refers to a low-power synchronization signal, which is designed to operate with low power consumption, making it suitable for low-power or energy- constrained devices. The LP-SS allows devices to evaluate the serving cell, maintain timing accuracyand network synchronization without significantly draining power resources, enabling efficient operation in environments where preserving battery life is critical.

[0057] As used herein, the term “LP-WUS” refers to a low-power wake-up signal. LP-WUS is especially used in a scenario where devices are often in deep sleep modes to conserve energy. By using LP-WUS, these devices can remain in low-power states until they need to perform specific tasks, reducing the need for constant active operation and thereby extending battery life or optimizing energy harvesting resources.

[0058] As used herein, the term “SSB” refers to a synchronization signal block, which includes essential synchronization and broadcast signals for user equipment (UE). The SSB enables devices to establish initial network connections by providing information such as cell identity, timing, and physical layer parameters.

[0059] As discussed above, energy efficiency is very critical for UEs without a continuous energy source, e.g., UEs using small rechargeable and single coin cell batteries. In some mechanisms, a wake-up signal (WUS) (also called low power WUS, LP-WUS) may be applied to trigger (e.g. wakeup) a main radio (MR) of a device. A separate receiver such as a low-power (LP) wake-up receiver (WUR)of the device may have the ability to monitor wake-up signals with ultra-low power consumption. Main radio works for downlink reception including e.g., synchronization signal block (SSB)Zsystem information / paging / data / control signaling transmission and reception as well as for uplink transmission including e.g., data and control signaling transmission. Main radio is also responsible for cell (re)selection evaluation to ensure e.g. that the UE is camping on the best cell. Main radio may be set in different power state. For example, the main radio may be turned off or set to (deep) sleep unless it is turned on.

[0060] In some solutions, low-power wake-up signal (WUS) and receiver (WUR) for NR are proposed. The study evaluated the usage of an additional low-power wake-up receiver (LP-WUR or shortly, LR) at the UE to reduce the overall UE power consumption. The defining principle behind this scheme is that the main radio / receiver (MR) of the UE can be put into a sleep mode (or even powered off) for power saving when not being needed for any processing (e.g., traffic / measurements) and then be easily woken up as and when required by the network upon the reception by the LP-WUR of a newly defined wake-up signal (WUS). Basically, the network triggers the UE to wake-up exactly when needed in an event-driven manner, by transmitting a special WUS to the UE, which is monitored by the dedicated low-power WUS receiver (LP-WUR) at the UE. When a UE receives the WUS, the WUR receiver can trigger the wake-up of the ordinary NR MR transceiver and communication can start. Thus, the ultra-low power receiver wakes up the main radio, otherwise, the main radio can be OFF or kept in a deep sleep mode. The assumption is that the low-power wake-up receiver can be operated in an always ‘on’ manner with very low power consumption. In fact, it is expected that it will consumesignificantly less power compared to the NR transceiver, by designing a simple (WUS) signal and the use of dedicated hardware for its monitoring, which is only able to receive the WUS.

[0061] According to some solutions, low-power wake up signal (LP-WUS) and low-power wake up receiver (LP-WUR) for new radio (NR) are proposed. The aspects of the LP-WUS and LP-WUR studied include: the low-power wake-up signal and receiver, including power saving benefit, coverage, system overhead impact, network energy impact and other related aspects; the receiver architecture for low- power wake-up receiver and providing analysis for power consumption, noise figure and etc; Layer 1 ( L1 ) design and procedure changes needed to support the low-power wake-up signal and evaluations for the link performances; higher layer protocol changes needed to support the low-power wake-up signals.

[0062] In order to achieve the UE power saving gain by LP-WUS / WUR, the RRM measurement on serving cell and neighbouring cell via MR is relaxed or may be stopped when UE is using LP-WUS or MR is in ultra-deep sleep.

[0063] In some solutions, the WUS is properly defined and specified, to support the operation of UEs with LP-WUR. Moreover, the objectives include several aspects, which are described in the following. One of the objectives is to specify an LP-WUS design commonly applicable to both idle / inactive modes and connected modes. In this case, on-off keying (OOK) (OOK-1 and / or OOK-4) based LP-WUS with overlaid OFDM sequence(s) over OOK symbol is to be specified. As for idle / inactive operation, the LP-WUS design ensures that the same information is delivered irrespective of LP-WUR type. In addition, the OFDM sequence may carry information. Furthermore, at least duty- cycled monitoring of LP-WUS may be supported.

[0064] The objectives for idle / inactive modes include specifying procedure and configuration of LP- WUS indicating paging monitoring triggered by LP-WUS, which includes at least configuration, subgrouping and entry / exit condition for LP-WUS monitoring. Furthermore, the objectives include specifying LP-SS with periodicity with Yms for LP-WUR, for synchronization and / or RRM for serving cell. In this case, LP-SS is based on OOK-1 and / or OOK-4 waveform with or without overlaid OFDM sequences. Further down selection between with and without overlaid OFDM sequences needs to be studied. It is noted that for LP-WUR that may receive conventional primary synchronization signal (PSS) / secondary synchronization signal (SSS), the conventional PSS / SSS may be used for synchronization and RRM instead of LP-SS. In addition, Y will be decided later. 320ms is the start point. Moreover, the objectives include specifying further RRM relaxation of UE MR for both serving and neighbor cell measurements, and UE serving cell RRM measurement offloaded from MR to LP- WUR, which includes the necessary conditions.

[0065] The objectives for connected modes include specifying procedures to allow UE MR PDCCH monitoring triggered by LP-WUS which includes activation and deactivation procedure of LP-WUSmonitoring, for example, for potential TU adjustment. It is noted that in connected mode, UE MR ultradeep sleep is not considered, and UE RRM / radio link monitoring (RLM) / beam failure detection (BED) / channel state information (CSI) measurements are performed by MR. In addition, a target coverage of LP-WUS and LP-SS may be the coverage of PUSCH for messages, and the optimization of LP- WUS signal design for idle / inactive mode is prioritized over the optimization for connected mode.

[0066] Furthermore, the objectives for connected modes include specifying the necessary core requirement(s) to support the feature. It includes specifying UE low-power wake-up receiver requirements, which includes at least reference sensitivity level (REFSENS), adjacent channel selectivity (ACS) and adjacent channel selectivity for coexistence (ASCS) requirements with consideration of possible new methodology to assess the low-power wake-up receiver performance. In this case, guard resource blocks (RBs) for ACS and ASCS cases need to be defined, and testability of above requirements needs to be studied. Moreover, impacts of different architecture and impairments need to be considered and requirements that enable all types of reasonable implementation need to be set. Specifying the necessary core requirements further includes the corresponding base station (BS) requirements, for example, dynamic range for LP-WUS / LP-SS. In this case, NR BS requirements is baseline and necessary RRM requirements need to be specified.

[0067] In some mechanisms, network may request the UE to measure NR and / or E-UTRA carriers in RRCJDLE or RRCJNACTIVE via system information or via dedicated measurement configuration in RRCRelease. If the UE was configured to perform measurements of NR and / or E-UTRA carriers while in RRCJDLE or in RRCJNACTIVE, it may provide an indication of the availability of corresponding measurement results to the gNB in the RRCSetupComplete message. The network may request the UE to report those measurements after security activation. The request for the measurements can be sent by the network immediately after transmitting the Security Mode Command (i.e. before the reception of the Security Mode Complete from the UE).

[0068] If the UE was configured to perform measurements of NR and / or E-UTRA carriers while in RRCJNACTIVE, the gNB can request the UE to provide corresponding measurement results in the RRCResume message and then the UE can include the available measurement results in the RRCResumeComplete message. Alternatively, the UE may provide an indication of the availability of the measurement results to the gNB in the RRCResumeComplete message and the gNB can then request the UE to provide these measurement results.

[0069] In some solutions, for early measurement report (EMR), an EMR capable UE may be required to perform measurements in idle mode until T331 timer expires. The EMR capable UE will maintain the cells detectable from the connected mode until the T331 timer expires. The time after T331 expires and the time until UE receives the RRC setup / resume is unknown. After T331 expires, it is up to UE implementation whether it maintains the cells detectable or measures the cell for earlymeasurement reporting purposes. Based on UE information indication and network information request the UE reports the early measurement results after the security is activated. After the UE has moved from RRC idle mode to RRC connected mode, the network sends a measurement configuration to the UE indicating what the UE shall measure and how to report the measurements.

[0070] In the context of the present disclosure , the ‘EMR measurements’ include both idle / inactive mode measurements and also cell reselection measurements. Both of them are referred to as ‘EMR measurements’ as the cell reselection measurements were adopted under similar reporting framework as EMR in 3GPP release-18. Release 18 cell reselection capability does not have pre-requisite of supporting 3GPP release-16 EMR capabilities but the release-18 idle / inactive measurements do have this pre-requisite. There are differences between these two capabilities. For example, the cell reselection measurements do not support T331 timer, which is inherited by the EMR from the previous releases. Both of the measurements have their independent configurable validityDuration and other signalling mechanisms.

[0071] Measurement configuration may be provided using dedicated signalling i.e. RRCReconfiguration or RRCResume message. With the measurement configuration the network configures the UE to perform NR and / or inter-RAT measurements and tells how to report the measurement results based on SS / PBCH blocks and / or CSI-RS resources.

[0072] In some solutions, for FAST carrier aggregation (CA) / dual connectivity (DC), “VarMeasIdleConfig" may be defined as follows:

[0073] As for UE variable VarMeasIdleReport, it includes the logged measurements information, as follows:

[0074] Moreover, the followings are defined:_

[0075] Furthermore, the information element MeasurementValidityDuration indicates time values for validation of reported idle / inactive and reselection measurements, which may be defined as follows. In this case, s5 corresponds to 5 seconds, s10 corresponds to 10 seconds and so on.

[0076] In addition, the UE variable VarMeasReselectionConfig includes the configuration forreporting the NR inter-frequency and inter-radio access technology (RAT) (i.e. evolved universal terrestrial radio access (EUTRA)) reselection measurements while in RRCJdle or RRCJnactive. The UE variable VarMeasReselectionConfig may be defined as follows:_

[0077] In some solutions, the reception of the RRCResume by the UE is provided. In this case, the content of the RRCSetupComplete message is set as follows. In some examples, the UE has idle / inactive measurement information concerning cells other than the primary cell (PCell) available in VarMeasIdleReport. In this case, if the idleModeMeasurementReq is included in the RRCResume message, and if validatedMeasurementsReq is included in the RRCResume and measIdleValidityDuration is included in VarEnhMeasIdleConfig, the measResultldleEUTRA in the RRCResumeComplete message is set to the value of measReportldleEUTRA in the VarMeasIdleReport for any valid measurement results, and validitystatus is set to the value of measIdleValidityDuration in VarEnhMeasIdleConfig if available. In addition, the measResultldleNR in the RRCResumeComplete message is set to the value of measReportldleNR in the VarMeasIdleReport for any valid measurement results, and validitystatus is set to the value of measidleValidity Duration in VarEnhMeasIdleConfig if available. In addition, the VarMeasIdleReport upon successful delivery of the RRCResumeComplete message is confirmed to be discarded by lower layers.

[0078] Moreover, if the IdleModeMeasurementReq is included in the RRCResume message, and if validatedMeasurementsReq is not included in the RRCResume and / or measIdleValidityDuration is not included in VarEnhMeasIdleConfig, the measResultldleEUTRA in the RRCResumeComplete message is set to the value of measReportldleEUTRA in the VarMeasIdleReport if available. In addition, the measResultldleNR in the RRCResumeComplete message is set to the value of measReportldleNR in the VarMeasIdleReport if available. In addition, the VarMeasIdleReport upon successful delivery of the RRCResumeComplete message is confirmed to be discarded by lower layers.

[0079] Furthermore, if the IdleModeMeasurementReq is not included in the RRCResume message;and if the SIB1 contains idleModeMeasurementsNR and the UE has NR idle / inactive measurement information concerning cells other than the PCell available in VarMeasIdleReport, or if the SIB1 contains idleModeMeasurementsEUTRA and the UE has E-UTRA idle / inactive measurement information available in VarMeasIdleReport, the IdleMeasAvailable is included.

[0080] In some other examples, the reselectionMeasurementReq is included in the RRCResume message. In this case, for example, validatedMeasurementsReq is included in the RRCResume and measReselection ValidityDuration is included in VarMeasReselectionConfig. If measReselectionCarrierListNR is present in VarMeasReselectionConfig and if the UE has valid cell reselection measurements results for any frequency listed in measReselectionCarrierListNR in VarMeasRelectionConfig, the measResultReselectionNR in the RRCResumeComplete message is set to the valid NR measurement results, if available for any frequency listed in measReselectionCarrierListNR in VarMeasReselectionConfig, and validitystatus is set to the value of measReselection ValidityDuration in VarMeasReselectionConfig. If measReselectionCarrierListNR is not present in VarMeasReselectionConfig, and if the UE has valid NR cell reselection measurements results, the measResultReselectionNR in the RRCResumeComplete message is set to any available valid NR measurement results, if available.

[0081] Alternatively, validatedMeasurementsReq is not included in the RRCResume and / or measReselection ValidityDuration is not included in VarMeasReselectionConfig. In this case, if measReselectionCarrierListNR is present in VarMeasReselectionConfig, and if the UE has cell reselection measurements results for any frequency listed in measReselectionCarrierListNR in VarMeasRelectionConfig, the measResultReselectionNR in the RRCResumeComplete message is set to the NR measurement results, if available for any frequency listed in measReselectionCarrierListNR in VarMeasReselectionConfig. If measReselectionCarrierListNR is not present in VarMeasReselectionConfig, and if the UE has NR cell reselection measurements results, the measResultReselectionNR in the RRCResumeComplete message is set to any available NR measurement results if available. If the SIB1 contains reselectionMeasurementsNR,- and if measReselectionCarrierListNR is present in VarMeasReselectionConfig and the UE has NR reselection measurements available for any frequency listed in measReselectionCarrierListNR in VarMeasReselectionConfig, or if measReselectionCarrierListNR is not present in VarMeasReselectionConfig and if the UE has NR reselection measurements available, the reselectionMeasAvailable is included.

[0082] In some solutions, the measurement report for fast CA / DC set up is proposed. The requirements of measurement report for fast CA / DC setup apply for the following: UE supporting measValidationReportEMR-r18 and configured with measldleCarrierListNR-r16 and / or measldleCarrierListEUTRA-r16 by higher layers; and or UE supportingmeasValidationReportReselectionMeasurements-r18 and configured with measReselectionCarrierListNR-r18 by higher layers. In addition, UE supporting measValidationReportEMR-r18 and idlelnactiveNR-MeasReport-r16 or idlelnactiveEUTRA- MeasReport-r16 shall report the results of the idle mode measurement, and according to the measurement reporting requirements.

[0083] The UE supporting measValidationReportReselectionMeasurements-r18 shall report the result of the idle mode measurement, and according to- the measurement reporting requirements. The UE may not be required to report for fast CA / DC setup from any measurements during idle mode for carriers which are not configured by higher layers.

[0084] In the solution, as for measurement report requirements, if the UE supports measValidationReportEMR-r18 and measldleValidityDuration-r18 is configured for carriers in measldleCarrierListNR-r16 or measldleCarrierListEUTRA-r16 and / or if UE supports measValidationReportReselectionMeasurements-r18 and measReselectionValidityDuration-r18 is configured for carriers in measReselectionCarrierListNR-r18, UE shall perform validity check and report valid measurement results.

[0085] The measurement results are considered valid if the following conditions are met for the validity check: if the measurements are performed before msg1 transmission for RRC resume / setup request within the last; and / or if measldleValidityDuration-r18 seconds for carriers is configured in measldleCarrierListNR-r16 or measldleCarrierListEUTRA-r16:, and / or if measReselectionValidityDuration-r18 seconds for carriers is configured in measReselectionCarrierListNR-r18, and / or if the measurement results satisfy measurement accuracy requirement at the measurement instance.

[0086] Otherwise, the measurement results are considered invalid. The UE shall not report invalid measurement results when measldleValidityDuration-r18 and / or measReselectionValidityDuration-r18 is configured.

[0087] If the measldleValidityDuration-r18 is not configured, the UE is not required to perform validity check for carriers in measldleCarrierListNR-r16 and measldleCarrierListEUTRA-r16, and the UE may report measurement results given the measurement results satisfy measurement accuracy requirement at the measurement instance.

[0088] If the measReselectionValidityDuration-r18 is not configured, the UE is not required to perform validity check for carriers configured in measReselectionCarrierListNR-r18, and the UE may report measurement results given the measurement results satisfy measurement accuracy requirement at the measurement instance.

[0089] Furthermore, reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ) measurements contained in the measurement reports shall meet the corresponding accuracyrequirements at the measurement instance.

[0090] In some solutions, it is proposed that frequency range 2 (FR2) is to be supported by the LP- WUS. For FR2, the early measurement framework is especially useful because of long measurement delays during and after the idle mode.

[0091] In some solutions, controlling idle mode measurement is provided. In this case, to assist the UE with the information on which carrier(s) to retain idle / inactive measurements, network provides information and / or configuration to the UE on which carriers UE retain measurements when LP-WUR used. Moreover, multiple solutions of how the network may inform or configure the UE are-provided. For example, in some conditions, the UE is allowed to autonomously select at least one carrier to retain for idle / inactive measurements if the UE is using LP-WUR and the UE has been configured with retain configuration. The solution includes network selection of the carrier to retain and UE autonomous selection of the carrier(s).

[0092] In some solutions, UE idle mode measurement operation in low-power mode is provided. In this case, if UE is in using LP-WUS or is in LP-WUS mode, measurement relaxations and offloading may apply depending on various radio conditions. The solution includes T331 timer which is used to extend the measurements to idle mode for fast delivery of CA / DC measurement report, while the purpose of LP-WUS is to relax measurements during idle mode. These are clearly conflicting but to make the system operational, both of them need to work together. Moreover, the following schemes are covered: T331 timer handling when LP-WUS related condition(s) are fulfilled; UE starts evaluation LP-WUS conditions upon T331 expiry; T331 is suspended (stop / store and continue) while using LP- WUS; T331 is not started when the UE is configured with WUS; LP-WUS monitoring when T331 is running; and discarding or storing idle / inactive measurement results when LP-WUS condition is fulfilled, which may be merged with the foregoing aspect of T331 timer handling.

[0093] As for LP-WUS focusing on UE power saving, the solutions of preparing UE for fast data transmissions via SCell and providing neighbouring cell measurements as early as possible to the network to set up carrier aggregation or dual connectivity are proposed. Furthermore, cell reselection measurements may be transmitted to the network with EMR reporting mechanism. However, how to make the foregoing work together is still a problem. One of the challenges is that the EMR configuration may be received in RRCRelease while the configuration of LP-WUS may be provided in the system information. If the UE reads the SIB configuration, the EMR may be started already if the LP-WUS configuration is applied. In this case, the UE behavior is unspecified.

[0094] In order to solve at least part of the above problems or other potential problems, a solution on measurement reporting for low power mode is proposed. The present disclosure provides evaluation procedures if UE is in idle / inactive mode. A solution is provided in the present disclosure for the problem of EMR and LP-WUS coexistence by evaluation whether the UE has been in LP-WUSmode during the idle / inactive mode while the UE is in idle / inactive mode. In the solution, if UE is in idle / inactive mode, the UE may perform an EMR validity check if a time condition is satisfied and when the measurement being performed. Another solution is provided including omitting or including an indication when coming out from idle / inactive mode based on whether the UE is in LP-WUS mode. In the solution, the UE may perform a check on whether the UE is in, or exiting LP-WUS mode, before indicating EMR results to the network or indicating a validity of EMR results to the network. In this case, the UE may omit or indicates availability or validity (e.g. rel-16 EMR availability indication, or rel-18 idle-inactive mode or cell reselection validitystatus), or omit an indication of available measurements when validityDuration is not configured.

[0095] As used herein, when describing “using LP-WUS”, “LP-WUS mode” or “in LP-WUS mode or not”, the following cases may be considered. In some cases, UE may be offloading some or all MR serving or neighbour cell to LR, for example, primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS) or LP-SS. As one example, offloading or relaxation criteria is fulfilled, and the offloading may consider serving cell and / or neighbouring cell measurement offloading. In this case, LR measurements may be either PSS / SSS based or LP-SS based, and the offloading of MR or LR measurements may be full or partial. In some cases, UE may monitor LP-WUS, and the monitoring may be independent or together with MR measurement offloading. In some cases, UE may not monitor or support monitoring of LP-WUS but LR is still used. In some cases, UE may be relaxing MR and / or LR measurements due to the LP-WUS configuration. In some cases, UE may enter LP-WUS monitoring and the LP-WUS monitoring is active, and the UE may support the capability of the LP- WUS monitoring. If UE is in LP-WUS mode, the UE may perform at least one of the foregoing. If UE is not in LP-WUS, UE may not perform at least one of the foregoing associated with the related procedure. In some cases, using LP-WUS means that both LP-WUS and LP-WUR features with measurement relaxation and offloading are included.

[0096] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. In the communication environment 100, a plurality of communication devices, including a first apparatus 110 and a second apparatus 120, can communicate with each other.

[0097] In the example of FIG. 1 , the first apparatus 110 may include a terminal device and the second apparatus 120 may include a network device serving the terminal device. The serving area of the second apparatus 120 may be called as a cell 102.

[0098] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. Although not shown, it would be appreciated that one or more additionaldevices may be located in the cell 102, and one or more additional cells may be deployed in the communication environment 100. It is noted that although illustrated as a network device, the second apparatus 120 may be another device than a network device. Although illustrated as a terminal device, the first apparatus 110 may be a device other than a terminal device.

[0099] In the following, for the purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described with the first apparatus 110 operating as a terminal device and the second apparatus 120 operating as a network device. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with a terminal device may be implemented at a network device or other device, and operations described in connection with a network device may be implemented at a terminal device or other device.

[0100] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is a terminal device and the second apparatus 120 is a network device, a link from the second apparatus 120 to the first apparatus 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL), while a link from the first apparatus 110 to the second apparatus 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL). In DL, the second apparatus 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the first apparatus 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver). In UL, the first apparatus 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) and the second apparatus 120 is a RX device (or a receiver).

[0101] Communications in the communication environment 100 may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol(s), comprising, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1 G), the second generation (2G), the third generation (3G), the fourth generation (4G), the fifth generation (5G), the sixth generation (6G), and the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), Time Division Duplex (TDD), Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.

[0102] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 includes a main radio and a wakeup receiver such as a LP-WUR (LR). FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B respectively illustrate example block diagrams of the first apparatus 110 with a main radio 210 (for example, a NR transceiver) and an LP- WUR 220 (also referred to as a LP-WUS receiver). The LP-WUR 220 may monitor WUS(s) 230 from the network such as the second apparatus 120.

[0103] In some embodiments, the LP-WUR 220 may be operated in an always ‘on’ manner withvery low power consumption. For example, the LP-WUR 220 may monitor the WUS 230 during an idle / inactive mode and a connected mode. The LP-WUR 220 may consume significantly less power compared to the main radio 210, by applying a simple WUS 230 and the use of dedicated hardware for its monitoring. For example, the LP-WUR 220 may be only able to or configured to receive the WUS 230. As shown in FIG. 2A, the WUS 230 is off, the main radio 210 of first apparatus 110 is in an off or deep sleep mode.

[0104] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 such as a network device may trigger the first apparatus 110 to wake-up when needed in an event-driven manner, by transmitting a certain WUS 230 to the first apparatus 110. The WUS 230 may be monitored by the LP-WUR 220, for example, an ultra-low power receiver. As shown in FIG. 2B, in response to receiving the WUS(s) 230, the LP-WUR 220 may trigger the wake-up of the ordinary NR transceiver and communication / normal operation may start. For example, the LP-WUR 220 such as the ultra-low power receiver wakes up the main radio 210. The main radio 210 thus may be switched into an on state or a no sleep mode. Otherwise, the main radio 210 may be turned off or kept in a sleep mode, such as a deep sleep mode or an ultra-deep sleep mode.

[0105] As used herein, the turned off state, the turned-on state, sleep mode, a specific sleep mode among a plurality of different sleep modes, or no sleep mode of the main radio 210 may be referred to as a power state of the main radio 210. As used herein, the term “no sleep mode” may refer to a power state or mode in which the main radio 210 of the first apparatus 110 performs a channel monitoring and a channel measurement. The “no sleep mode” may also be referred to as a “normal mode” or “turned-on state”. The channel monitoring may refer to physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring, physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) monitoring or any other suitable monitoring. Examples of the channel measurement may include but not limited to a radio resource management (RRM) measurement, a radio link monitoring (RLM) measurement, a beam failure detection (BFD) measurement, a channel state information (CSI) measurement, a beam management (BM) measurement, idle mode measurement, and / or the like.

[0106] The main radio 210 power consumption depends on the configured length of wake-up periods, e.g., paging cycle. To meet the battery life requirements above, long eDRX cycle may be used, resulting in high latency, which is not suitable for such services with requirements of both long battery life and low latency. For example, in fire detection and extinguishment use case, fire shutters shall be closed and fire sprinklers shall be turned on by the actuators within 1 to 2 seconds from the time the fire is detected by sensors, long eDRX cycle cannot meet the delay requirements. eDRX is apparently not suitable for latency-critical use cases.

[0107] It is to be understood that although the main radio 210 and the LP-WUR 220 are shown as separate components in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, in some example embodiments, the LP-WUS 220 maybe implemented as part of the main radio 210. That is, the corresponding part in the main radio 210 will be operated in an always ‘on’ manner with very low power consumption, while remaining part of the main radio 210 will be turned on and turned off for different scenarios.

[0108] FIG. 3 illustrates an example signaling flow 300 of measurement reporting for low power mode according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the signaling flow 300 will be described with reference to FIG. 1 , for example, by using the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may be a terminal device, such as UE. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may be a network device, such as a base station.

[0109] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may transmit (3010) an EMR configuration to the first apparatus 110 in a radio resource control (RRC) configuration release message or system information. The EMR configuration may indicate the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode. For example, the EMR configuration may include an indication regarding omitting the transmission of the information associated with the measurement during LP-WUS mode. In some example other embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may transmit (3020) a LP-WUS configuration via a RRC configuration release message or system information. The LP-WUS configuration may indicate the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode. For example, the LP-WUS configuration may include an indication regarding omitting the transmission of the information associated with the measurement during LP-WUS mode. Referring to FIG. 4, which illustrates a schematic diagram of measurement reporting for low power, the RRCRelease configuration 410 and the SIB configuration 420 are shown. In this case, the EMR configuration and / or the LP-WUS configuration may indicate the first apparatus 110 to omit a transmission of the information associated with a measurement if the first apparatus 110 is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0110] The first apparatus 110 performs (3030) the measurement based on the EMR configuration. For example, the first apparatus 110 may perform the measurement on one or more reference signals, such as, SSB and / or LP-SS. In addition, the first apparatus 110 monitors (3040) the LP-WUS from the second apparatus 120 based on the LP-WUS configuration. Moreover, based on whether the first apparatus was or has been in a LP-WUS mode, for example, LP-WUS / R mode 430 as shown in FIG. 4, the first apparatus 110 determines (3050) information associated with the measurement performed (3030). In this case, the information associated with the measurement includes at least one of: an indication associated with EMR, or a measurement report indicating a result of the measurement. For example, the measurement report may include measured RSRP of the reference signals. Theindication associated with EMR may indicate that there is early measurement report to be transmitted.

[0111] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may omit (3060) a transmission of the information associated with the measurement. In addition, if the transmission of the information associated with the measurement is omitted, the first apparatus 110 may transmit (3080) a further indication to the second apparatus 120, and the further indication indicates that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0112] In some example other embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is or has been in the LP- WUS mode, the first apparatus 110 may omit (3060) a transmission of the information associated with the measurement. In other words, if the first apparatus 110 is configured with EMR and LP-WUS, the first apparatus 110 may evaluate whether to omit or indicate EMR reporting or EMR report availability based on the first apparatus 110 has been in LP-WUS mode. Alternatively, if the first apparatus 110 is not or has not been in the LP-WUS mode, the first apparatus 110 may transmit (3070) the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus 120.

[0113] In some further example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is not woken up by the LP- WUS, the first apparatus 110 may omit (3060) a transmission of the information associated with the measurement. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, if the first apparatus 110 is not woken up by the LP- WUS receive at time instant 460, the first apparatus 110 may not transmit the information associated with the measurement. In addition, the first apparatus 110 may then transmit (3080) the further indication to the second apparatus 120. Alternatively, if the first apparatus 110 is woken up by the LP- WUS, the first apparatus 110 may transmit (3070) the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus 120. In other words, the transmission of information may be based on a condition regarding whether the first apparatus 110 has been woken up by the LP-WUS reference signal (received at 460), for example, WUS based wake-up 440 as shown in FIG.4.

[0114] In some example embodiments, if a relaxation measurement is or has been applied to an EMR carrier, the first apparatus 110 may omit (3060) a transmission of the information associated with the measurement. Alternatively, if a relaxation measurement is not or has not been applied to an EMR carrier, the first apparatus 110 may transmit (3070) the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus 120. In other words, if the first apparatus 110 is or has been in LP-WUS mode, the first apparatus may omit the EMR indication transmission, and the EMR indication (such as, EMR status indication 450) may be conditional to the relaxations being applied to configured EMR carriers.

[0115] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 monitors (3040) the LP-WUS during a time configured for the measurement, the first apparatus 110 may omit (3060) a transmission of the information associated with the measurement. In this case, if the first apparatus 110 supports EMR, the first apparatus 110 may not report, during connection setup or resume, that EMR results areavailable if the first apparatus 110 monitors (3040) the LP-WUS and the first apparatus 110 performs (3030) EMR measurements.

[0116] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is in the LP-WUS mode, the first apparatus 110 may determine that information associated with a carrier does not include a measurement available indication. Alternatively, if the first apparatus 110 is not in the LP-WUS mode, the first apparatus 110 may determine that information associated with the carrier includes the measurement available indication (such as, rel-16 EMR availability flag). In other words, if the first apparatus 110 is or has been in LP-WUS mode, an EMR availability flag may be used to indicate that measurements are not available. In this case, the indication may be based on whether the first apparatus has been in LP-WUS RRM relaxation mode during the idle mode, for example, a time based condition. For example, if the first apparatus 110 is or has been in LP-WUS mode, the first apparatus 110 may not include measurement available flag, which means that the measurement is not available.

[0117] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is in the LP-WUS mode, the first apparatus 110 may determine that information associated with measurement includes the measurement available indication. In this case, the measurement available indication may be equal to a predefined value. For example, if the indication is set to false, it may indicate that the measurement is not available. In one example, if the indication is set to 0, it may indicate that the measurement is not available. Alternatively, if the indication is set to a predefined value, such as FFF, it may indicate that the measurement is not available.

[0118] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is in the LP-WUS mode, the first apparatus 110 may determine that there is no measurement report in the information associated with the measurement. In other words, if the first apparatus is configured with EMR, for instance cell reselection, the first apparatus 110 may not report the measurements if the first apparatus 110 is in the LP-WUS mode.

[0119] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may determine whether to transmit the information based on whether the first apparatus 110 is allowed to offload main receiver measurements to low power receiver. For example, if the main receiver is offloaded to a low power receiver, the first apparatus 110 may omit (3060) a transmission of the information associated with the measurement.

[0120] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may determine whether to transmit the information associated with the measurement based on a relaxation factor applied to the measurement. For example, whether the relaxation factor is larger than a threshold value. In some example embodiments, if the relaxation factor is larger than or equal to a threshold, the first apparatus 110 may omit (3060) a transmission of the information associated with the measurement. Alternatively, if the relaxation factor is smaller than or equal to a threshold, the first apparatus 110 may transmit(3070) the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus. The threshold may be configured by the second apparatus 120 or determined by the first apparatus 110. It is noted that the threshold may be any suitable value. In other words, based on whether the level or the factor of relaxation applied to the main receiver neighbor cell measurements, the first apparatus 110 may determine whether to transmit the information associated with the measurement.

[0121] In some example embodiments, the indication associated with EMR may include at least one of: an available indication of the measurement, a validity status of the measurement, or an indication regarding whether a validity check is performed. In some example embodiments, the indication may indicate whether the first apparatus 110 is in the LP-WUS mode during predetermined time. Alternatively, the indication may indicate whether the first apparatus 110 is in the LP-WUS mode during a last validity duration time.

[0122] According to example embodiments described with reference to FIG. 4, when EMR and LP- WUS coexist, the UE may perform an evaluation on whether the UE has been in LP-WUS mode during the idle / inactive mode while the UE is exiting idle / inactive mode. When UE is existing the idle / inactive mode, the UE may be required to perform an EMR validity Check (e.g. when validityDuration is configured). In other words, the UE will retrospectively perform a check on whether the UE has been in LP-WUS mode with the associated or all configured carriers before EMR indication of the results, or transmitting EMR results to the network. In this way, it improves performances when EMR and LP- WUS coexist.

[0123] FIG. 5 illustrates another example signaling flow 500 of measurement reporting for low power mode according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the signaling flow 500 will be described with reference to FIG. 1 , for example, by using the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may be a terminal device, such as UE. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may be a network device, such as a base station.

[0124] The second apparatus 120 transmits (5010) at least one of: a LP-WUS configuration or an EMR configuration to the first apparatus 110. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may receive (5010) the EMR configuration in RRC configuration release message or system information from the second apparatus 120, for example, the RRCRelease configuration 620 and the SIB configuration 630 shown in FIG. 6. Alternatively, or in addition, the RRCRelease configuration 620 or the SIB configuration 630 may include the LP-WUS configuration.

[0125] After receiving the LP-WUS configuration and / or the EMR configuration from the second apparatus 120, the first apparatus 110 determines (5020) whether to perform a validity check on a measurement result based on the LP-WUS configuration and / or the EMR configuration. In this case, the validity check on the measurement result is based on the EMR configuration, for example, thevalidity check 610 as shown in the FIG. 6, which illustrates another schematic diagram of measurement reporting for low power mode. Based on the validity check, the first apparatus 110 performs a transmission of a measurement report of the measurement result. In some example embodiments, if the validity check is skipped, the first apparatus 110 may omit (5030) an indication of the measurement report or the transmission of the measurement report. Alternatively, if the validity check is successful, the first apparatus 110 may transmit (5040) the measurement report to the second apparatus 120.

[0126] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may not be required to perform the validity check if the first apparatus 110 has been configured with both EMR and LP-WUS. In other words, if the first apparatus 110 is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration, the first apparatus 110 may skip the validity check. In some other example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is configured with one of the LP-WUS configuration or the EMR configuration, the first apparatus 110 may perform the validity check.

[0127] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may receive a configuration of a validity duration from the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is in a LP-WUS mode during the validity duration, the first apparatus 110 may skip the validity check. For example, if the first apparatus 110 is configured with measReselectionValidityDuration and measIdlelnactiveValidityduration, and the first apparatus 110 is in LP-WUS mode during the validity duration, the first apparatus 110 may not be required to perform validity check. In some other example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may perform the validity check on the measurement result, and if the first apparatus 110 is in a LP-WUS mode during the validity duration, the first apparatus 110 may determine that the validity check fails. In other words, the measurement results are invalid. Alternatively, if the first apparatus 110 is not in a LP-WUS mode during the validity duration, the first apparatus 110 may perform the validity check on the measurement result.

[0128] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 monitors a LP-WUS and a measurement relaxation condition is not fulfilled, the first apparatus 110 may skip the validity check. Alternatively, if the first apparatus 110 monitors a LP-WUS and a measurement relaxation condition is fulfilled, the first apparatus 110 may perform the validity check.

[0129] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is woken-up by a LP-WUS and a measurement relaxation condition is fulfilled, the first apparatus 110 may skip the validity check. Alternatively, if the first apparatus 110 is woken-up by a LP-WUS and a measurement relaxation condition is not fulfilled, the first apparatus 110 may perform the validity check.

[0130] I n some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 transmits (5040) the measurement report to the second apparatus 120, the first apparatus 110 may transmit an indication indicating that the first apparatus 110 is or has been in the LP-WUS mode to the second apparatus 120. In someexample embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration, the EMR configuration may indicate that a validity check on the measurement is skipped. Alternatively, if the first apparatus 110 is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration, the LP-WUS configuration may indicate that a validity check on the measurement is skipped.

[0131] FIG. 7 illustrates another example signaling flow 700 of measurement reporting for low power mode according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the signaling flow 700 will be described with reference to FIG. 1 , for example, by using the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may be a terminal device, such as UE. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may be a network device, such as a base station. In some example embodiments, validityDuration may be measIdleValidityduration or measReselectionValidityDuration.

[0132] The second apparatus 120 transmits (7010) at least one of: a LP-WUS configuration or an EMR configuration to the first apparatus 110. After receiving the LP-WUS configuration and / or the EMR configuration from the second apparatus 120, the first apparatus 110 performs (7020) a measurement based on the EMR configuration. In addition, based at least on the LP-WUS configuration or the EMR configuration, the first apparatus 110 determines (7030) at least one of: a measurement report of the measurement, an EMR LP-WUS mode evaluation, a validity check, a validity status indication, an indication of availability of the measurement, or a transmission of the measurement report. The EMR-LP-WUS mode evaluation may include determining whether the first apparatus performs EMR or monitors the LP-WUS.

[0133] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 uses the LP-WUS, the first apparatus 110 may determine not to report the measurement report of the measurement. In some other example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 uses the LP-WUS, the first apparatus 110 may determine not to indicate the measurement report of the measurement. In other words, the first apparatus 110 may determine not to report EMR measurements.

[0134] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may determine at least a part of result of the measurement, and the first apparatus 110 may transmit (7040) the measurement report including the at least a part of result of the measurement to the second apparatus 120. Alternatively, the first apparatus 110 may determine the result of the measurement fully, and the first apparatus 110 may transmit (7040) the measurement report including the full result of the measurement to the second apparatus 120.

[0135] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus may not perform EMR checks if the first apparatus is woken up by LP-WUS signal. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may determine whether the first apparatus 110 is woken up by a LP-WUS signal, if the first apparatus1 10 is woken up by the LP-WUS signal, the first apparatus 1 10 may skip the EMR-LP-WUS mode evaluation, and the first apparatus 1 10 may skip a transmission or indication of the measurement report of the measurement. In some other example embodiments, if the first apparatus 1 10 is woken up by a wake up signal which is not the LP-WUS signal, the first apparatus 1 10 may perform the EMR- LP-WUS mode evaluation, and the first apparatus 1 10 may transmit (7040) the measurement report of the measurement to the second apparatus 120. For example, if the first apparatus 1 10 is woken up with a legacy paging, the first apparatus 1 10 may transmit (7040) the measurement report.

[0136] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 1 10 may select the one or more carriers based on a measurement time of the one or more carriers. For example, the selection of the carriers may be related to when the carriers were measured last time. In some example embodiments, if the one or more carriers are measured a predetermined time ago, the first apparatus 1 10 may select the one or more carriers. In other words, if the first apparatus 1 10 is in low power mode during the validity duration, the one or more carriers measured a predetermined time (such as, TuE-specific-time-duration) ago may be selected, for example, the predetermined time may be a constant value which is stored to the memory of the first apparatus 1 10, such as 5 seconds. In some example embodiments, if the validity duration and the LP-WUS are configured to the first apparatus 1 10, the first apparatus 1 10 may transmit the measurement report which does not include measurement results for one or more carriers for which the validity duration is configured to the second apparatus 120.

[0137] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 1 10 is in a low power mode within a validity duration or the first apparatus 1 10 is in an idle or inactive state, the first apparatus 1 10 may skip the transmission or indication of the measurement report, which means no measurement results. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 1 10 may receive a configuration of a validity duration from the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 1 10 is in a low power mode within the validity duration, the first apparatus 110 may skip the validity check. Alternatively, if the first apparatus 1 10 is in a low power mode within the validity duration, the first apparatus 1 10 may perform the validity check for one or more carriers selected by the first apparatus. In other words, the first apparatus 1 10 may perform the validity check partially for the carriers selected by the first apparatus 1 10. In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 1 10 is in a low power mode within the validity duration, the first apparatus 1 10 may transmit the measurement report that does not include measurement results within the validity duration to the second apparatus 120.

[0138] In some example embodiments, if a validity duration is not configured, the first apparatus 1 10 may transmit the indication of availability of the measurement to the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, if the validity duration is not configured and the LP-WUS is configured, the first apparatus 1 10 may transmit the measurement report which includes measurement results for one or more carriers for which the validity duration is configured to the second apparatus 120.

[0139] It is noted that example embodiments described with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 can be implemented separately or in a combined manner. For example, one or more example embodiments described with reference to one drawing can be combined with one or more example embodiments described with reference to one or more other drawings.

[0140] FIG. 8 illustrates another example signaling flow 800 of measurement reporting for low power mode according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The example signaling flow 800 includes UE 810, serving cell 820 and Scell 830. For example, the UE 810 may be implemented at the first apparatus 110. The serving cell 820 may be the serving cell 102 in FIG. 1 which is provided by the second apparatus 120. In the following description, it is assumed that the UE 810 may include a main radio and a wake-up receiver, such as the main radio 210 and the LP-WUR 220 in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B.

[0141] The second apparatus 120 may transmit (8005) a RRC connection release message to the UE 810. In some example embodiments, the RRC connection release message includes the LP-WUS configuration. Alternatively, or in addition, the RRC connection release message includes the EMR configuration. After receiving (8005) the RRC connection release message, the UE 810 is released to the RRCJDLE mode.

[0142] The second apparatus 120 may transmit (8010) system information to the UE 810. After receiving (8010) the system information, the UE 810 reads SIB configuration. In some example embodiments, the system information may include the LP-WUS configuration. Alternatively, or in addition, the system information includes the EMR configuration.

[0143] The serving cell 820 and cell 830 may transmit (8015, 8015’) reference signals to the UE 810. The UE 810 may perform (8020) measurements on the reference signals. The reference signals may include one or more of: LP-SS, PSS or SSS.

[0144] The UE 810 may enter (8025) a LP-WUS mode. For example, if LP-WUS entry conditions are fulfilled, the UE 810 may enter (8025) the LP-WUS mode.

[0145] The UE 810 may monitor an LP-WUS. For example, the UE 810 starts monitoring LP-WUS. The UE 810 follows LP-WUS configuration, the LP-WUS may still trigger the paging.

[0146] The network device 120 may transmit (8026) a LP-WUS. After receiving (8026) the LP-WUS, the UE 810 may determine (8030) whether the LP-WUS is for the UE 810. For example, the UE 810 may check if the LP-WUS is addressing the UE 810 in question. If the LP-WUS is for the UE 810, the UE 810 may exit (8035) the LP-WUS mode.

[0147] In an example, the UE 810 starts (8040) LP-WUS monitoring but does not perform EMR measurements. The UE 810 has read the configurations from RRCRelease and / or SIB message and the behavior is such that the UE 810 does not perform EMR measurements.

[0148] In another example, the UE 810 does not start LP-WUS monitoring but performs (8045)EMR measurements. If the UE 810 receives rel16 or rel-18 EMR configuration either in SIB or RRCRelease, the UE 810 performs measurements according to EMR configuration and does not apply LP-WUS relaxations. In an example, the EMR measurements may be performed before the UE 810 transmitting (8050) MSG-1. In another example, the EMR measurements may be performed during the UE 810 transmitting (8050) MSG-1. Alternatively, the EMR measurements may be performed after the UE 810 transmitting (8050) MSG-1.

[0149] After the process of contention-based random access (CBRA) or contention-free random access (CFRA), the UE 810 may transmit (8055) a message of RRC setup complete or RRC resume complete with indication or indication omitted to the serving cell 820. The UE 810 may omit (8060) the indication if the UE has been in LP-WUS mode. Alternatively, the UE 810 may indicate (8060) that it has been in LP-WUS mode. The UE 810 may enter connected mode (such as, RRC_CONNECTED) and perform validity check according to rel-18 EMR requirements. The measurement results are considered valid if the following conditions are met for the validity check:- the measurements are performed before msg1 transmission for RRC resume / setup request within the last:- measl dleValidityD uration-r18 seconds for carriers configured in measl dleCarrierListNR-r16 or measl dleCarrierListEUTRA-r16, and / or- measReselectionValidityDuration-r18 seconds for carriers configured in measReselection CarrierListNR-r18,- If the UE supports [LP-WUS capability], the UE has not been in LP-WUS mode during measReselection ValidityDuration-r18 when configured with Meas ValidationReportReselection- Measurements-r18 measldleValidityDuration-r18 when configured with measldleCarrierListNR-r16 or measidleCarrierListE UTRA-r16- the measurement results satisfy measurement accuracy requirement at the measurement instance.

[0150] In an example, the UE 810 does not indicate EMR availability, or perform the validity check if the UE 810 was monitoring LP-WUS. Alternatively, the UE 810 may transmit (8065) the EMR measurement report. This may be omitted if the UE 810 has not indicated measurement availability and / or validity check. The UE 810 may also report without validity check if the validity duration has not been configured.

[0151] For example, the measldleValidityDuration-r18 is not configured, the UE is not required to perform validity check for carriers in measldleCarrierListNR-r16 and measldleCarrierListEUTRA-r16, and the UE 810 may report measurement results given the measurement results satisfy measurement accuracy requirement at the measurement instance and if the UE 810 supports [LP-WUS capability], the UE 810 has not been relaxing the carrier being reported.

[0152] If the measReselectionValidityDuration-r18 is not configured, the UE is not required to perform validity check for carriers configured in measReselectionCarrierListNR-r18, and the UE 810 may report measurement results given the measurement results satisfy measurement accuracy requirement at the measurement instance, and if the UE 810 supports [LP-WUS capability], the UE 810 has not been relaxing the carrier being reported.

[0153] FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of an example method 900 implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 900 will be described from the perspective of the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.

[0154] At block 910, the first apparatus performs a measurement based on an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration.

[0155] At block 920, the first apparatus monitors a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, from a second apparatus based on a LP-WUS configuration.

[0156] At block 930, the first apparatus determines information associated with the measurement based on whether the first apparatus was or has been in a LP-WUS mode, the information associated with the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement.

[0157] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: based on a determination that the transmission of the information associated with the measurement is omitted, transmitting to the second apparatus, a further indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0158] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: receiving, from the second apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the EMR configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0159] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: receiving, from the second apparatus, the LP-WUS configuration via a RRC configuration release message or system information, wherein the LP-WUS configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0160] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is has been in the LP-WUS mode; or transmitting the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that the first apparatus is not or has not been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0161] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is not woken up by the LP-WUS; or transmitting the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken up by the LP-WUS.

[0162] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that a relaxation measurement is or has been applied to an EMR carrier; or transmitting the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that a relaxation measurement is not or has not been applied to an EMR carrier.

[0163] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus monitors the LP-WUS during a time configured for the measurement.

[0164] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: determining that information associated with a carrier does not include a measurement available indication based on a determination that the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode; or determining that the information associated with the carrier includes a measurement available indication based on a determination that the first apparatus is not in the LP-WUS mode.

[0165] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: determining that the information associated with the measurement includes a measurement available indication being equal to a predefined value based on a determination that the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode.

[0166] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: determining that there is no measurement report in the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode.

[0167] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that a main receiver, MR, measurement is offloaded to a low power receiver (LR).

[0168] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: determining whether to transmit the information associated with the measurement based on a relaxation factor applied to the measurement.

[0169] In some example embodiments, the method 900 further comprises: based on a determination that the relaxation factor is larger than or equal to a threshold, omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement; or based on a determination that the relaxation factor is smaller than or equal to a threshold, transmitting the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus.

[0170] In some example embodiments, the indication associated with EMR comprises at least oneof: an available indication of the measurement, a validity status of the measurement, or an indication regarding whether a validity check is performed.

[0171] In some example embodiments, the indication indicates whether the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode during predetermined time, or wherein the indication indicates whether the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode during a last validity duration time.

[0172] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0173] FIG. 10 shows a flowchart of an example method 1000 implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1000 will be described from the perspective of the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.

[0174] At block 1010, the second apparatus transmits, to a first apparatus, an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration.

[0175] At block 1020, the second apparatus transmits, to the first apparatus, a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS configuration.

[0176] At block 1030, the second apparatus transmits a LP-WUS signal to the first apparatus.

[0177] At block 1040, the second apparatus receives, from the first apparatus, one of the followings: information associated with a measurement that is based on the EMR configuration, the information associated with the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement, or a further indication regarding a LP-WUS mode.

[0178] In some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: based on a determination that the transmission of the information associated with the measurement is omitted, receiving from the first apparatus, the further indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0179] I n some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: transmitting, to the first apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the EMR configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0180] I n some example embodiments, the method 1000 further comprises: transmitting, to the first apparatus, the LP-WUS configuration via a RRC configuration release message or system information, wherein the LP-WUS configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0181] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0182] FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of an example method 1100 implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1100 will be described from the perspective of the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.

[0183] At block 1110, the first apparatus receives, from a second apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration.

[0184] At block 1120, the first apparatus determines whether to perform a validity check on a measurement result that is based on the EMR configuration, based at least on the LP-WUS configuration or the EMR configuration.

[0185] At block 1130, the first apparatus performs, based on the validity check, a transmission of a measurement report of the measurement result.

[0186] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is caused to perform the transmission of the measurement report by: omitting an indication of the measurement report or the transmission of the measurement report based on a determination that the validity check is skipped; or transmitting the measurement report to the second apparatus based on a determination that the validity check is successful.

[0187] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: skipping the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration.

[0188] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: performing the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with one of the LP-WUS configuration or the EMR configuration.

[0189] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: receiving, from the second apparatus, a configuration of a validity duration; and skipping the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a LP-WUS mode during the validity duration.

[0190] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: receiving, from the second apparatus, a configuration of a validity duration; performing the validity check on the measurement result; and determining that the validity check fails based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a LP-WUS mode during the validity duration.

[0191] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: receiving, from the second apparatus, a configuration of a validity duration; and performing the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is not in a LP-WUS mode during the validity duration.

[0192] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: skipping the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus monitors a LP-WUS and a measurementrelaxation condition is not fulfilled; or performing the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus monitors the LP-WUS and the measurement relaxation condition is fulfilled.

[0193] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: skipping the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken-up by a LP-WUS and a measurement relaxation condition is fulfilled; or performing the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken-up by the LP-WUS and the measurement relaxation condition is fulfilled.

[0194] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: based on a determination that the transmission of the measurement report, transmitting to the second apparatus, an indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0195] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: receiving, from the second apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the EMR configuration indicates that a validity check on the measurement is skipped based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with the LP- WUS configuration and the EMR configuration.

[0196] In some example embodiments, the method 1100 further comprises: receiving, from the second apparatus, the LP-WUS configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the LP-WUS configuration indicates that a validity check on the measurement is skipped based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration.

[0197] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0198] FIG. 12 shows a flowchart of an example method 1200 implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1200 will be described from the perspective of the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.

[0199] At block 1210, the second apparatus transmits, to a first apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration.

[0200] At block 1220, the second apparatus receives, from the first apparatus, a measurement report of measurement result or an indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode, wherein the measurement result is based on the EMR configuration.

[0201] I n some example embodiments, the method 1200 further comprises: transmitting, to the first apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the EMR configuration indicates that a validity check on the measurement is skipped based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration.

[0202] In some example embodiments, the method 1200 further comprises: transmitting, to the first apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the LP-WUS configuration indicates that a validity check on the measurement is skipped based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with the LP- WUS configuration and the EMR configuration.

[0203] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0204] FIG. 13 shows a flowchart of an example method 1300 implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1300 will be described from the perspective of the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.

[0205] At block 1310, the first apparatus receives, from a second apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration.

[0206] At block 1320, the first apparatus performs a measurement based on the EMR configuration.

[0207] At block 1330, the first apparatus determines, based at least on the LP-WUS configuration or EMR configuration, at least one of the following: a measurement report of the measurement, an EMR-LP-WUS mode evaluation, a validity check, a validity status indication, an indication of availability of the measurement, or a transmission of the measurement report.

[0208] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: determining not to report the measurement report of the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus uses a LP-WUS; or determining not to indicate the measurement report of the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus uses the LP-WUS.

[0209] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: determining at least a part of result of the measurement; and transmitting, to the second apparatus, the measurement report comprising the at least a part of result of the measurement.

[0210] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: determining whether the first apparatus is woken up by a LP-WUS signal; skipping the EMR-LP-WUS mode evaluation based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken up by the LP-WUS signal; and skipping a transmission or indication of the measurement report of the measurement.

[0211] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: determining whether the first apparatus is woken up by a wake up signal which is not LP-WUS signal; performing the EMR- LP-WUS mode evaluation based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken up by the wake up signal; and transmitting the measurement report of the measurement to the second apparatus.

[0212] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: selecting one or more carriers based on a measurement time of one or more carriers.

[0213] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: based on adetermination that the one or more carriers are measured a predetermined time ago, selecting the one or more carriers.

[0214] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a low power mode within a validity duration or the first apparatus is in an idle or inactive state, skipping the transmission or indication of the measurement report.

[0215] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: receiving, from the second apparatus, a configuration of a validity duration.

[0216] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a low power mode within the validity duration, skipping the validity check.

[0217] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a low power mode within the validity duration, performing the validity check for one or more carriers selected by the first apparatus.

[0218] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a low power mode within the validity duration, transmitting to the second apparatus, the measurement report that does not include measurement results within the validity duration.

[0219] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: based on a determination that the validity duration and the LP-WUS are configured to the first apparatus, transmitting to the second apparatus, the measurement report which does not include measurement results for one or more carriers for which the validity duration is configured.

[0220] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: transmitting the indication of availability of the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that a validity duration is not configured.

[0221] In some example embodiments, the method 1300 further comprises: based on a determination that the validity duration is not configured and the LP-WUS is configured, transmitting to the second apparatus, the measurement report which includes measurement results for one or more carriers for which the validity duration is configured.

[0222] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0223] In some example embodiments, the EMR-LP-WUS mode evaluation comprises determining whether the first apparatus performs EMR or monitors the LP-WUS.

[0224] FIG. 14 shows a flowchart of an example method 1400 implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose ofdiscussion, the method 1400 will be described from the perspective of the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.

[0225] At block 1410, the second apparatus transmits, to a first apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration.

[0226] At block 1420, the second apparatus receives, from the first apparatus, at least one of: a measurement report of a measurement that is performed based on the EMR configuration or an indication of the measurement report.

[0227] In some example embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises: transmitting, to the first apparatus, a configuration of a validity duration.

[0228] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0229] In some example embodiments, a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 900 (for example, the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1 ) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 900. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1 .

[0230] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises means for performing a measurement based on an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; means for monitoring a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, from a second apparatus based on a LP-WUS configuration; means for determining information associated with the measurement based on whether the first apparatus was or has been in a LP-WUS mode, the information associated with the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement.

[0231] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the transmission of the information associated with the measurement is omitted, transmitting to the second apparatus, a further indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0232] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the second apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the EMR configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0233] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the second apparatus, the LP-WUS configuration via a RRC configuration release message or system information, wherein the LP-WUS configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit atransmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0234] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is has been in the LP-WUS mode; or means for transmitting the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that the first apparatus is not or has not been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0235] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is not woken up by the LP-WUS; or means for transmitting the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken up by the LP-WUS.

[0236] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that a relaxation measurement is or has been applied to an EMR carrier; or means for transmitting the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that a relaxation measurement is not or has not been applied to an EMR carrier.

[0237] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus monitors the LP-WUS during a time configured for the measurement.

[0238] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining that information associated with a carrier does not include a measurement available indication based on a determination that the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode; or means for determining that the information associated with the carrier includes a measurement available indication based on a determination that the first apparatus is not in the LP-WUS mode.

[0239] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining that the information associated with the measurement includes a measurement available indication being equal to a predefined value based on a determination that the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode.

[0240] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining that there is no measurement report in the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode.

[0241] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that a main receiver, MR, measurement is offloaded to a low power receiver (LR).

[0242] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining whether to transmit the information associated with the measurement based on a relaxation factor applied to the measurement.

[0243] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the relaxation factor is larger than or equal to a threshold, omitting a transmission of the information associated with the measurement; or means for based on a determination that the relaxation factor is smaller than or equal to a threshold, transmitting the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus.

[0244] In some example embodiments, the indication associated with EMR comprises at least one of: an available indication of the measurement, a validity status of the measurement, or an indication regarding whether a validity check is performed.

[0245] In some example embodiments, the indication indicates whether the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode during predetermined time, or wherein the indication indicates whether the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode during a last validity duration time.

[0246] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0247] In some example embodiments, a second apparatus capable of performing any of the method 1000 (for example, the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1 ) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1000. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The second apparatus may be implemented as or included in the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.

[0248] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS configuration; means for transmitting a LP- WUS signal to the first apparatus; and means for receiving, from the first apparatus, one of the followings: information associated with a measurement that is based on the EMR configuration, the information associate the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement, or a further indication regarding a LP- WUS mode.

[0249] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the transmission of the information associated with the measurement is omitted, receiving from the first apparatus, the further indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0250] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC,configuration release message or system information, wherein the EMR configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0251] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, the LP-WUS configuration via a RRC configuration release message or system information, wherein the LP-WUS configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0252] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0253] In some example embodiments, a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 1100 (for example, the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1 ) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1100. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1 .

[0254] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a second apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; means for determining whether to perform a validity check on a measurement result that is based on the EMR configuration, based at least on the LP- WUS configuration or the EMR configuration; and means for performing, based on the validity check, a transmission of a measurement report of the measurement result.

[0255] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for omitting an indication of the measurement report or the transmission of the measurement report based on a determination that the validity check is skipped; or means for transmitting the measurement report to the second apparatus based on a determination that the validity check is successful.

[0256] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for skipping the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration.

[0257] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for performing the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with one of the LP- WUS configuration or the EMR configuration.

[0258] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the second apparatus, a configuration of a validity duration; and means for skipping the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a LP-WUS mode during the validity duration.

[0259] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the second apparatus, a configuration of a validity duration; means for performing the validity check on the measurement result; and means for determining that the validity check fails based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a LP-WUS mode during the validity duration.

[0260] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the second apparatus, a configuration of a validity duration; and means for performing the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is not in a LP-WUS mode during the validity duration.

[0261] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for skipping the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus monitors a LP-WUS and a measurement relaxation condition is not fulfilled; or means for performing the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus monitors the LP-WUS and the measurement relaxation condition is fulfilled.

[0262] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for skipping the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken-up by a LP-WUS and a measurement relaxation condition is fulfilled; or means for performing the validity check based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken-up by the LP-WUS and the measurement relaxation condition is fulfilled.

[0263] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the transmission of the measurement report, transmitting to the second apparatus, an indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

[0264] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the second apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the EMR configuration indicates that a validity check on the measurement is skipped based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration.

[0265] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the second apparatus, the LP-WUS configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the LP-WUS configuration indicates that a validity check on the measurement is skipped based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration.

[0266] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0267] In some example embodiments, a second apparatus capable of performing any of the method 1200 (for example, the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1 ) may comprise means for performingthe respective operations of the method 1200. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The second apparatus may be implemented as or included in the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.

[0268] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus comprises: means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; and means for receiving, from the first apparatus, a measurement report of measurement result or an indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode, wherein the measurement result is based on the EMR configuration.

[0269] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the EMR configuration indicates that a validity check on the measurement is skipped based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration.

[0270] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the LP-WUS configuration indicates that a validity check on the measurement is skipped based on a determination that the first apparatus is configured with the LP-WUS configuration and the EMR configuration.

[0271] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0272] In some example embodiments, a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 1300 (for example, the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1 ) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1300. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1 .

[0273] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a second apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; means for performing a measurement based on the EMR configuration; and means for determining, based at least on the LP-WUS configuration or EMR configuration, at least one of the following: a measurement report of the measurement, an EMR-LP- WUS mode evaluation, a validity check, a validity status indication, an indication of availability of the measurement, or a transmission of the measurement report.

[0274] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining not to report the measurement report of the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus uses a LP-WUS; or means for determining not to indicate the measurement reportof the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus uses the LP-WUS.

[0275] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining at least a part of result of the measurement; and means for transmitting, to the second apparatus, the measurement report comprising the at least a part of result of the measurement.

[0276] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining whether the first apparatus is woken up by a LP-WUS signal; means for skipping the EMR-LP-WUS mode evaluation based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken up by the LP-WUS signal; and means for skipping a transmission or indication of the measurement report of the measurement.

[0277] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining whether the first apparatus is woken up by a wake up signal which is not LP-WUS signal; means for performing the EMR-LP-WUS mode evaluation based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken up by the wake up signal; and means for transmitting the measurement report of the measurement to the second apparatus.

[0278] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for selecting one or more carriers based on a measurement time of one or more carriers.

[0279] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the one or more carriers are measured a predetermined time ago, selecting the one or more carriers.

[0280] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a low power mode within a validity duration or the first apparatus is in an idle or inactive state, skipping the transmission or indication of the measurement report.

[0281] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the second apparatus, a configuration of a validity duration.

[0282] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a low power mode within the validity duration, skipping the validity check.

[0283] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a low power mode within the validity duration, performing the validity check for one or more carriers selected by the first apparatus.

[0284] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the first apparatus is in a low power mode within the validity duration, transmitting to the second apparatus, the measurement report that does not include measurement results within the validity duration.

[0285] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the validity duration and the LP-WUS are configured to the first apparatus, transmitting to the second apparatus, the measurement report which does not include measurement results for one or more carriers for which the validity duration is configured.

[0286] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting the indication of availability of the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that a validity duration is not configured.

[0287] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for based on a determination that the validity duration is not configured and the LP-WUS is configured, transmitting to the second apparatus, the measurement report which includes measurement results for one or more carriers for which the validity duration is configured.

[0288] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0289] In some example embodiments, the EMR-LP-WUS mode evaluation comprises determining whether the first apparatus performs EMR or monitors the LP-WUS.

[0290] In some example embodiments, a second apparatus capable of performing any of the method 1400 (for example, the second apparatus 120 110 in FIG. 1) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1400. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The second apparatus may be implemented as or included in the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.

[0291] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus comprises: means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, at least one of: a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, configuration or an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; and means for receiving, from the first apparatus, at least one of: a measurement report of a measurement that is performed based on the EMR configuration or an indication of the measurement report.

[0292] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, a configuration of a validity duration.

[0293] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0294] FIG. 15 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1500 that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1500 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the first apparatus 110 or the second apparatus 120 as shown in FIG. 1. As shown, the device 1500 includes one or more processors 1510, one or more memories 1520 coupled to the processor 1510, and one or more communication modules 1540 coupled to the processor 1510.

[0295] The communication module 1540 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 1540 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communication interfaces may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements. In some example embodiments, the communication module 1540 may include at least one antenna.

[0296] The processor 1510 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1500 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.

[0297] The memory 1520 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 1524, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disk (DVD), an optical disk, a laser disk, and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random-access memory (RAM) 1522 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.

[0298] A computer program 1530 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 1510. The instructions of the program 1530 may include instructions for performing operations / acts of some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The program 1530 may be stored in the memory, e.g., the ROM 1524. The processor 1510 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 1530 into the RAM 1522.

[0299] The example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 1530 so that the device 1500 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 14. The example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0300] In some example embodiments, the program 1530 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 1500 (such as in the memory 1520) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 1500. The device 1500 may load the program 1530 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 1522 for execution. In some example embodiments, the computer readable medium may include any types of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like. The term “non-transitory,” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e. , tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).

[0301] FIG. 16 shows an example of the computer readable medium 1600 which may be in form of CD, DVD or other optical storage disk. The computer readable medium 1600 has the program 1530 stored thereon.

[0302] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, and other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. Although various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0303] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer readable medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, to carry out any of the methods as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machineexecutable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.

[0304] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.

[0305] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.

[0306] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computerreadable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random-access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0307] Further, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, although several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Unless explicitly stated, certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, unless explicitly stated, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in a plurality of embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.

[0308] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:1 . A first apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to: perform a measurement based on an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; monitor a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, from a second apparatus based on a LP-WUS configuration; and determine information associated with the measurement based on whether the first apparatus was or has been in a LP-WUS mode, the information associated with the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result of the measurement.

2. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: based on a determination that the transmission of the information associated with the measurement is omitted, transmit, to the second apparatus, a further indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

3. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: receive, from the second apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the EMR configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

4. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: receive, from the second apparatus, the LP-WUS configuration via a RRC configuration release message or system information, wherein the LP-WUS configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

5. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is has been in the LP-WUS mode; ortransmit the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that the first apparatus is not or has not been in the LP-WUS mode.

6. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is not woken up by the LP-WUS; or transmit the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that the first apparatus is woken up by the LP-WUS.

7. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that a relaxation measurement is or has been applied to an EMR carrier; or transmit the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus based on a determination that a relaxation measurement is not or has not been applied to an EMR carrier.

8. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus monitors the LP-WUS during a time configured for the measurement.

9. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: determine that information associated with a carrier does not include a measurement available indication based on a determination that the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode; or determine that the information associated with the carrier includes a measurement available indication based on a determination that the first apparatus is not in the LP-WUS mode.

10. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: determine that the information associated with the measurement includes a measurement available indication being equal to a predefined value based on a determination that the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode.11 . The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: determine that there is no measurement report in the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode.

12. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that a main receiver, MR, measurement is offloaded to a low power receiver (LR).

13. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: determine whether to transmit the information associated with the measurement based on a relaxation factor applied to the measurement.

14. The first apparatus of claim 13, wherein the first apparatus is caused to: based on a determination that the relaxation factor is larger than or equal to a threshold, omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement; or based on a determination that the relaxation factor is smaller than or equal to a threshold, transmit the information associated with the measurement to the second apparatus.

15. The first apparatus of claim 13, wherein the indication associated with EMR comprises at least one of: an available indication of the measurement, a validity status of the measurement, or an indication regarding whether a validity check is performed.

16. The first apparatus of claim 15, wherein the indication indicates whether the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode during predetermined time , or wherein the indication indicates whether the first apparatus is in the LP-WUS mode during a last validity duration time.

17. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

18. A second apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to: transmit, to a first apparatus, an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; transmit, to the first apparatus, a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS configuration;transmit a LP-WUS signal to the first apparatus; and receive, from the first apparatus, one of the followings: information associated with a measurement that is based on the EMR configuration, the information associate the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement, or a further indication regarding a LP-WUS mode.

19. The second apparatus of claim 18, wherein the second apparatus is caused to: based on a determination that the transmission of the information associated with the measurement is omitted, receive, from the first apparatus, the further indication indicating that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

20. The second apparatus of claim 18, wherein the second apparatus is caused to: transmit, to the first apparatus, the EMR configuration in a radio resource control, RRC, configuration release message or system information, wherein the EMR configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

21. The second apparatus of claim 18, wherein the second apparatus is caused to: transmit, to the first apparatus, the LP-WUS configuration via a RRC configuration release message or system information, wherein the LP-WUS configuration indicates the first apparatus to omit a transmission of the information associated with the measurement based on a determination that the first apparatus is or has been in the LP-WUS mode.

22. The second apparatus of claim 18, wherein the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

23. A method comprising: performing, at a first apparatus, a measurement based on an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; monitoring a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS, from a second apparatus based on a LP- WUS configuration; and determining information associated with the measurement based on whether the first apparatus was or has been in a LP-WUS mode, the information associated with the measurementcomprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement.

24. A method comprising: transmitting, at a second apparatus and to a first apparatus, an early measurement reporting, EMR, configuration; transmitting, to the first apparatus, a low power wake up signal, LP-WUS configuration; transmitting a LP-WUS signal to the first apparatus; and receiving, from the first apparatus, one of the followings: information associated with a measurement that is based on the EMR configuration, the information associated with the measurement comprising at least one of: an indication associated with EMR or a measurement report indicating a result the measurement, or a further indication regarding a LP-WUS mode.

25. A computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus at least to perform the method of claim 23 or the method of claim 24.

Images