Method and related apparatuses for managing network connections and information provisioning thereof
The method and apparatus address interface alignment challenges in communication systems by managing network connections and information provisioning through data serving gateways, ensuring efficient and automated communication management with reduced overhead and improved flexibility.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication systems, particularly in 5G and future generations like 6G, face challenges in enabling interface alignment for interactions among various services and system customers, including AI services and data collection, without effective methods for managing network connections and information provisioning.
A method and apparatus for managing network connections through data serving gateways, involving the establishment and removal of forwarding and redirection rules, along with information provisioning, to facilitate efficient and automated communication management.
Ensures accurate and reliable transmission of data according to quality-of-service requirements, reduces network overhead, and enhances flexibility and automation in managing network connections and information provisioning across multiple nodes.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025092680_21052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD AND RELATED APPARATUSES FOR MANAGING NETWORK CONNECTIONS AND INFORMATION PROVISIONING THEREOFCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to US provisional patent application No. 63 / 719, 952, filed on November 13, 2024, and US provisional patent application No. 63 / 722, 428, filed on November 19, 2024, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and related apparatuses for managing network connections and information provisioning thereof.BACKGROUND
[0003] In fifth generation (5G) communication systems, application programming interfaces (APIs) were defined to support various network operation procedures. Future generation communication systems (e.g., 6G systems) may support new services, such as, for example, artificial intelligence (AI) services, data collection, sanitization, analysis delivery services, etc. All of these services are not only accessed by businesses and enterprise customers, but may also be accessed by wireless devices. It is necessary to enable interface alignment to support interactions among these services, within the services and / or between the services and all types of system customers.
[0004] This background information is provided to reveal information believed by the applicant to be of possible relevance to the present disclosure. No admission is necessarily intended, nor should be construed, that any one of the preceding information constitutes prior art against the present disclosure.SUMMARY
[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first node for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission. The method includes receiving a first establishment request from a second node. The first establishment request includes a request to establish a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection. The method further includes, in response to receiving the first establishment request, enabling a first data serving gateway to establish the forwarding rule. The at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway.
[0006] Upon receiving the first establishment request, the first node can effectively configure the first data serving gateway to establish the forwarding rule for the session, thereby ensuring that the session can be established to provide the mission service effectively.
[0007] In an implementation of the first aspect, the first establishment request includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0008] In an implementation of the first aspect, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The first establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0009] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first node to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the first connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0010] In an implementation of the first aspect, the at least one connection includes a second connection. One of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.
[0011] In an implementation of the first aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway. The first establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the second data serving gateway.
[0012] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first node to identify the at least one connection and the second data serving gateway, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0013] In an implementation of the first aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway. The first establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0014] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first node to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0015] In an implementation of the first aspect, the first establishment request includes / indicates one or more of: a number of connections in the at least one connection; quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway.
[0016] Inclusion of the number of connections in the at least one connection improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first node. Inclusion of the QoS information ensures that the traffic over the at least one connection is transmitted according to the QoS requirement indicated by the QoS information. Inclusion of the information for identifying the first data serving gateway in the request ensures the reliability of message transmission to the first data serving gateway.
[0017] In an implementation of the first aspect, enabling the first data serving gateway to establish the forwarding rule includes: transmitting a message to the first data serving gateway. The message is configured to enable establishing the forwarding rule for the session at the first data serving gateway.
[0018] By transmitting the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway can effectively establish the forwarding rule.
[0019] In an implementation of the first aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0020] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule.
[0021] In an implementation of the first aspect, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0022] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the first connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0023] In an implementation of the first aspect, the at least one connection includes a second connection. One of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.
[0024] In an implementation of the first aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the second data serving gateway.
[0025] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the second data serving gateway, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0026] In an implementation of the first aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0027] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0028] In an implementation of the first aspect, the message includes / indicates one or more of: a number of connections in the at least one connection; QoS information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway.
[0029] Inclusion of the number of connections in the at least one connection improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first data serving gateway. Inclusion of the QoS information ensures that the traffic over the at least one connection is transmitted according to the QoS requirement indicated by the QoS information. Inclusion of the information for identifying the first data serving gateway in the message ensures the reliability of message transmission to the first data serving gateway.
[0030] In an implementation of the first aspect, the forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication among the plurality of nodes over the at least connection on a data plane.
[0031] In an implementation of the first aspect, for execution of the method to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes are already known, and the one or more data serving gateways comprise the first data serving gateway.
[0032] In an implementation of the first aspect, the method constitutes an action to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0033] The first node is configured to perform the action including the reception and the enabling, so as to improve the efficiency of establishment of the forwarding rule and realize the automation of establishment of the forwarding rule.
[0034] In an implementation of the first aspect, the first establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0035] By including / indicating the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0036] In an implementation of the first aspect, the second node provides autonomous programming services.
[0037] In an implementation of the first aspect, after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0038] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission. The method includes receiving a message from a first node. The message is configured to enable establishing a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, and the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. The method further includes, in response to receiving the message, establishing the forwarding rule.
[0039] By transmitting the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway can effectively establish the forwarding rule.
[0040] In an implementation of the second aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0041] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule.
[0042] In an implementation of the second aspect, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0043] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the first connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0044] In an implementation of the second aspect, the at least one connection includes a second connection. One of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.
[0045] In an implementation of the second aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the second data serving gateway.
[0046] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the second data serving gateway, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0047] In an implementation of the second aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0048] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0049] In an implementation of the second aspect, the message includes / indicates one or more of: a number of connections in the at least one connection; quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway.
[0050] Inclusion of the number of connections in the at least one connection improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first data serving gateway. Inclusion of the QoS information ensures that the traffic over the at least one connection is transmitted according to the QoS requirement indicated by the QoS information. Inclusion of the information for identifying the first data serving gateway in the message ensures the reliability of message transmission to the first data serving gateway.
[0051] In an implementation of the second aspect, after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0052] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission. The method includes receiving a second establishment request from a second node. The second establishment request includes a request to establish a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, and the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. The method further includes, in response to receiving the second establishment request, establishing the forwarding rule.
[0053] Upon receiving the second establishment request, the first data serving gateway can effectively establish the forwarding rule for the session, thereby ensuring that the session can be establish to provide the mission service effectively.
[0054] In an implementation of the third aspect, the second establishment request includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0055] In an implementation of the third aspect, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The second establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0056] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the first connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0057] In an implementation of the third aspect, the at least one connection includes a second connection. One of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.
[0058] In an implementation of the third aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway. The second establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the second data serving gateway.
[0059] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the second data serving gateway, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0060] In an implementation of the third aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway. The second establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0061] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first node to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0062] In an implementation of the third aspect, the second establishment request includes / indicates one or more of: a number of connections in the at least one connection; quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway.
[0063] Inclusion of the number of connections in the at least one connection improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first data serving gateway. Inclusion of the QoS information ensures that the traffic over the at least one connection is transmitted according to the QoS requirement indicated by the QoS information. Inclusion of the information for identifying the first data serving gateway in the message ensures the reliability of message transmission to the first data serving gateway.
[0064] In an implementation of the third aspect, for execution of the method to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes are already known, and the one or more data serving gateways include the first data serving gateway.
[0065] In an implementation of the third aspect, the method constitutes an action to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0066] The first data serving gateway is configured to perform the action including the reception and the establishment, so as to improve the efficiency of establishment of the forwarding rule and realize the automation of establishment of the forwarding rule.
[0067] In an implementation of the third aspect, the second establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0068] By including / indicating the identification information for the action in the request, the first data serving gateway can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0069] In an implementation of the third aspect, the second node provides autonomous programming services.
[0070] In an implementation of the third aspect, after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0071] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first node for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission. The method includes receiving a first removal request from a second node. The first removal request includes a request to remove a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection. The method further includes, in response to receiving the first removal request, enabling a first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule. The at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway.
[0072] Upon receiving the first removal request, the first node can effectively enable the first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule when the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed, thereby saving the network overhead.
[0073] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, the first removal request includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0074] Based on the information for identifying the at least one connection in the first removal request, the first node can determine the first data serving gateway, which enables the first node to identify a data serving gateway for which the forwarding rule should be removed.
[0075] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, the first removal request includes / indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.
[0076] Inclusion of the aforementioned information improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first node.
[0077] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, enabling the first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule includes: transmitting a message to the first data serving gateway. The message is configured to enable removing the forwarding rule for the data mission session at the first data serving gateway.
[0078] By transmitting the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway can effectively remove the forwarding rule when the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed, thereby saving the network overhead.
[0079] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0080] By including / indicating the information for identifying the at least one connection, the first data serving gateway can quickly identify the connection whose forwarding rule needs to be removed.
[0081] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, the message includes / indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.
[0082] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the number of connections in the at least one connection more efficiently.
[0083] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, the forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication among the plurality of nodes over the at least connection on a data plane.
[0084] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, for execution of the method to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed.
[0085] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, the method constitutes an action to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0086] The first node is configured to perform the action including the reception and the enabling, so as to improve the efficiency of removal of the forwarding rule and realize the automation of removal of the forwarding rule.
[0087] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, the first removal request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0088] By including / indicating the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0089] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, the second node provides autonomous programming services.
[0090] In an implementation of the fourth aspect, after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.
[0091] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission. The method includes receiving a message from a first node. The message is configured to enable removing a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, and the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. The method further includes, in response to receiving the message, removing the forwarding rule.
[0092] By transmitting the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway can effectively remove the forwarding rule when the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed, thereby saving the network overhead.
[0093] In an implementation of the fifth aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0094] By including / indicating the information for identifying the at least one connection, the first data serving gateway can quickly identify the connection whose forwarding rule needs to be removed.
[0095] In an implementation of the fifth aspect, the message includes / indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.
[0096] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the number of connections in the at least one connection more efficiently.
[0097] In an implementation of the fifth aspect, after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.
[0098] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission. The method includes receiving a second removal request from a second node. The second removal request includes a request to remove a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, and the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. The method further includes, in response to receiving the second removal request, removing the forwarding rule.
[0099] Upon receiving the second removal request, the first data serving gateway can effectively remove the forwarding rule when the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed, thereby saving the network overhead.
[0100] In an implementation of the sixth aspect, the second removal request includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0101] By including / indicating the information for identifying the at least one connection, the first data serving gateway can quickly identify the connection whose forwarding rule needs to be removed.
[0102] In an implementation of the sixth aspect, the second removal request includes / indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.
[0103] Inclusion of the aforementioned information improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first data serving gateway.
[0104] In an implementation of the sixth aspect, for execution of the method to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed.
[0105] In an implementation of the sixth aspect, the method constitutes an action to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0106] The first data serving gateway is configured to perform the action including the reception and the removal, so as to improve the efficiency of removal of the forwarding rule and realize the automation of removal of the forwarding rule.
[0107] In an implementation of the sixth aspect, the second removal request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0108] By including / indicating the identification information for the action in the request, the first data serving gateway can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0109] In an implementation of the sixth aspect, the second node provides autonomous programming services.
[0110] In an implementation of the sixth aspect, after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.
[0111] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first node for managing network connections. The method includes receiving a third establishment request from a device. The third establishment request includes a request to establish a redirection rule, and the redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic from a source node targeted to the device. The incoming traffic is redirected to a destination node. The method further includes, in response to receiving the third establishment request, enabling a first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule. The first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node.
[0112] Upon receiving the third establishment request, the first node can effectively configure the first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule for the device, thereby ensuring that the redirection rule can be established to redirect the incoming traffic targeted to the device.
[0113] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, the third establishment request includes / indicates information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.
[0114] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first node to identify the source node and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic at the first data serving gateway.
[0115] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, the third establishment request further includes / indicates an identifier of the device; and / or information for indicating validity of the redirection rule.
[0116] Inclusion of the identifier of the device enables the first node to identify a device for which the redirection rule should be established, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic. Inclusion of the information for indicating validity of the redirection rule improves the flexibility of the redirection operation at the first data serving gateway.
[0117] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, enabling the first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule includes: transmitting a message to the first data serving gateway. The message is configured to enable establishing the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway.
[0118] By transmitting the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway can effectively establish the redirection rule.
[0119] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.
[0120] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the source node and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic at the first data serving gateway.
[0121] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, the message further includes / indicates an identifier of the device; and / or information for indicating validity of the redirection rule.
[0122] Inclusion of the identifier of the device enables the first data serving gateway to identify a device for which the redirection rule should be established, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic. Inclusion of the information for indicating validity of the redirection rule improves the flexibility of the redirection operation at the first data serving gateway.
[0123] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, for execution of the method to establish the redirection rule, a connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node has been established.
[0124] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, the destination node is in a system which includes the device, the first node and the first data serving gateway, and the first data serving gateway is connected to the destination node via a second data serving gateway of the destination node.
[0125] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, the destination node is in an external network.
[0126] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, the redirection rule is configured to redirect the incoming traffic from the source node to a node within a same system as the device, and the incoming traffic is forwarded by the node to the destination node via an external connection between the node and the destination node.
[0127] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, the method constitutes an action to establish the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the device.
[0128] The first node is configured to perform the action including the reception and the enabling, so as to improve the efficiency of establishment of the redirection rule and realize the automation of establishment of the redirection rule.
[0129] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, the third establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0130] By including / indicating the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0131] In an implementation of the seventh aspect, after execution of the method, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0132] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections. The method includes receiving a message from a first node. The message is configured to enable establishing the redirection rule, and the redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic from a source node targeted to a device. The incoming traffic is redirected to a destination node. The method further includes, in response to receiving the message, establishing the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway. The first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node.
[0133] By transmitting the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway can effectively establish the redirection rule.
[0134] In an implementation of the eighth aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.
[0135] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the source node and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic at the first data serving gateway.
[0136] In an implementation of the eighth aspect, the message further includes / indicates one or more of: an identifier of the device; and information for indicating validity of the redirection rule.
[0137] Inclusion of the identifier of the device enables the first data serving gateway to identify a device for which the redirection rule should be established, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic. Inclusion of the information for indicating validity of the redirection rule improves the flexibility of the redirection operation at the first data serving gateway.
[0138] In an implementation of the eighth aspect, after execution of the method, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0139] According to a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections. The method includes receiving a fourth establishment request from a device. The fourth establishment request includes a request to establish a redirection rule, and the redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic from a source node targeted to the device. The incoming traffic is redirected to a destination node. The method further includes, in response to receiving the fourth establishment request, establishing the redirection rule. The first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node.
[0140] Upon receiving the fourth establishment request, the first data serving gateway can effectively establish the redirection rule for the device, thereby ensuring that the redirection rule can be established to redirect the incoming traffic targeted to the device.
[0141] In an implementation of the ninth aspect, the fourth establishment request includes / indicates information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.
[0142] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the source node and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic at the first data serving gateway.
[0143] In an implementation of the ninth aspect, the fourth establishment request further includes / indicates one or more of: an identifier of the device; and information for indicating validity of the redirection rule.
[0144] Inclusion of the identifier of the device enables the first data serving gateway to identify a device for which the redirection rule should be established, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic. Inclusion of the information for indicating validity of the redirection rule improves the flexibility of the redirection operation at the first data serving gateway.
[0145] In an implementation of the ninth aspect, for execution of the method to establish the redirection rule, a connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node has been established.
[0146] In an implementation of the ninth aspect, the destination node is in a system which includes the device and the first data serving gateway, and the first data serving gateway is connected to the destination node via a second data serving gateway of the destination node.
[0147] In an implementation of the ninth aspect, the destination node is in an external network.
[0148] In an implementation of the ninth aspect, the redirection rule is configured to redirect the incoming traffic from the source node to a node within a same system as the device, and the incoming traffic is forwarded by the node to the destination node via an external connection between the node and the destination node.
[0149] In an implementation of the ninth aspect, the method constitutes an action to establish the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the device.
[0150] The serving gateway is configured to perform the action including the reception and the establishment, so as to improve the efficiency of establishment of the redirection rule and realize the automation of establishment of the redirection rule.
[0151] In an implementation of the ninth aspect, the fourth establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0152] By including / indicating the identification information for the action in the request, the first data serving gateway can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0153] In an implementation of the ninth aspect, after execution of the method, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0154] According to a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first node for information provisioning. The method includes determining that a trigger condition for provisioning session information related to a session associated with a device, is satisfied; and transmitting the session information to a second node. The session information indicates the device.
[0155] Upon determining that the trigger condition is satisfied, the first node can provide the session information to the second node autonomously or on-demand, thereby ensuring the synchronization of the session information between the first node and the second node.
[0156] In an implementation of the tenth aspect, the session information includes / indicates an identifier of the device.
[0157] In an implementation of the tenth aspect, the session associated with the device includes a first session, and the first session is a logical connection established between the device and a control and management (C / M) serving gateway connected to the device on a C / M plane. The session information includes / indicates one or more of the following: information for identifying a serving area where the C / M serving gateway is located; information for identifying the C / M serving gateway; information for identifying the first session; information for identifying at least one third connection; information for identifying at least one node to which the device is connected on the C / M plane; and a number of connections in the at least one third connection. The at least one third connection is mapped to the first session for signaling exchange between the device and at least one node on the C / M plane.
[0158] In an implementation of the tenth aspect, the session associated with the device includes a second session, and the second session is a logical connection established between the device and a data serving gateway connected to the device on a data plane. The session information further includes / indicates one or more of following items: information for identifying a serving area where the data serving gateway is located; information for identifying the data serving gateway; information for identifying the second session; information for identifying at least one fourth connection, information for identifying at least one node to which the device is connected on the data plane, and a number of connections in the at least one fourth connection. The at least one fourth connection is mapped to the second session for data exchange between the device and at least one node on the data plane.
[0159] Different session information for different types of sessions can be provided by the first node, thus improving the flexibility of the information provisioning.
[0160] In an implementation of the tenth aspect, for execution of the method for provisioning the session information associated with the device, the session information is available.
[0161] In an implementation of the tenth aspect, the trigger condition includes one of: triggering the provisioning of the session information upon receiving a first provisioning request, triggering the provisioning of the session information at a time interval; or triggering the provisioning of the session information when a status of the session associated with the device has changed. The first provisioning request includes a request for provisioning the session information, and the first provisioning request indicates the device.
[0162] Various trigger conditions are available, enhancing the flexibility of the entire information provisioning procedure.
[0163] In an implementation of the tenth aspect, the method constitutes an action to provision session information related to the session associated with the device. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0164] The first node is designed to perform the action including the determination and the transmission, so as to improve the efficiency of the provisioning of the session information related to the session associated with the device and realize the automation of the provisioning of the session information related to the session associated with the device.
[0165] In an implementation of the tenth aspect, the determination includes receiving information for identifying the action.
[0166] By including / indicating the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0167] In an implementation of the tenth aspect, the second node provides an autonomous programming services.
[0168] In an implementation of the tenth aspect, after execution of the method, the session information has been provided to the second node.
[0169] According to an eleventh aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first node or a gateway for information provisioning. The method includes determining that a trigger condition for provisioning of information related to a forwarding rule is satisfied. The forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication over a connection through the gateway. The method further includes transmitting the information related to the forwarding rule to a second node. The information related to the forwarding rule includes / indicates information indicating a status of the forwarding rule.
[0170] Upon determining that the trigger condition is satisfied, the first node can provide the information related to the forwarding rule autonomously or on-demand, enabling the second node to be aware of the forwarding rule and take appropriate actions accordingly.
[0171] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, the information related to the forwarding rule further includes / indicates: information for identifying the connection; and / or information about a type of the connection.
[0172] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, the information related to the forwarding rule further includes / indicates information for identifying the gateway.
[0173] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, the connection is a device-node connection between a device and a third node on a C / M plane or a data plane, and the gateway is a serving gateway of the device and / or an anchor gateway of the third node.
[0174] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, the connection is a device-external connection between the device and a device-external gateway on a data plane. The device-external gateway is connected to an external network, and the gateway is the device-external gateway or a serving gateway of the device.
[0175] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, the connection is a node-external connection between a third node and a node-external gateway on a C / M plane or a data plane. The node-external gateway is connected to an external network, and the gateway is the node-external gateway or an anchor gateway of the third node.
[0176] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, the information related to the forwarding rule further includes / indicates content of the forwarding rule, the content includes / indicates a mapping related to the connection.
[0177] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, for execution of the method for provisioning the information related to the forwarding rule, the forwarding rule for the connection has been established or removed.
[0178] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, the method constitutes an action to provision the information related to the forwarding rule. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0179] The first node is designed to perform the action including the determination and the transmission, so as to improve the efficiency of the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule and realize the automation of the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule.
[0180] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, the method constitutes an action to provision the information related to the forwarding rule. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the gateway for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the first node and / or the second node.
[0181] The gateway is designed to perform the action including the determination and the transmission, so as to improve the efficiency of the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule and realize the automation of the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule.
[0182] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, the triggering condition includes one of: triggering the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule upon receiving a second provisioning request, triggering the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule at a time interval; or triggering the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule when the status of the forwarding rule for the connection has changed. The second provisioning request includes a request for provisioning the information related to the forwarding rule, and the second provisioning request indicates the connection.
[0183] In an implementation of the eleventh aspect, after execution of the method, the information related to the forwarding rule has been provided to the second node.
[0184] According to a twelfth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first node for information provisioning. The method includes receiving a third provisioning request from a second node. The third provisioning request includes a request to provision connection information related to at least one connection for a device, and the third provisioning request indicates the device. The method further includes transmitting a third provisioning response in response to the third provisioning request. The third provisioning response includes / indicates the connection information.
[0185] By indicating the device in the third provisioning request, the first node can effectively and accurately determine the connection information related to the at least one connection for the device, and provide the same to the second node or other node (s) , which ensures the efficiency of providing the connection information by the first node (e.g., to the second node) .
[0186] In an implementation of the twelfth aspect, the at least one connection for the device includes a device-node connection between the device and a third node on a C / M plane or a data plane, and / or a device-external connection between the device and a device-external gateway on the data plane.
[0187] In an implementation of the twelfth aspect, the third provisioning response includes / indicates one or more of: information about a type of each of the at least one connection; a number of connections in the at least one connection; information for identifying the third node and / or the device-external gateway; and information for identifying each of the at least one connection.
[0188] In an implementation of the twelfth aspect, for execution of the method for provisioning the connection information, the connection information is available.
[0189] In an implementation of the twelfth aspect, the method constitutes an action to provision the connection information related to the at least one connection for the device. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0190] The first node is designed to perform the action including the reception and the transmission, so as to improve the efficiency of the provisioning of the connection information related to the at least one connection for the device and realize the automation of the provisioning of the connection information related to the at least one connection for the device.
[0191] In an implementation of the twelfth aspect, the third provisioning request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0192] By including / indicating the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0193] In an implementation of the twelfth aspect, after execution of the method, the connection information has been provided.
[0194] According to a thirteenth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first node for information provisioning. The method includes receiving a fourth provisioning request from a second node. The fourth provisioning request includes a request for provisioning connection information related to at least one connection for a third node, and the fourth provisioning request indicates the third node. The method further includes transmitting a fourth provisioning response in response to the fourth provisioning request. The fourth provisioning response includes / indicates the connection information.
[0195] By indicating the third node in the fourth provisioning request, the first node can effectively and accurately determine the connection information related to the at least one connection for the third node, and provide the same to the second node or other node (s) , which ensures the efficiency of providing the connection information by the first node (e.g., to the second node) .
[0196] In an implementation of the thirteenth aspect, the at least one connection for the third node includes a device-node connection between a device and the third node on a C / M plane or a data plane, and / or a node-external connection between the third node and a node-external gateway on the C / M plane or the data plane.
[0197] In an implementation of the thirteenth aspect, the fourth provisioning response includes / indicates one or more of: information about a type of each of the at least one connection; a number of connections in the at least one connection; an identifier of the device and / or the node-external gateway; and information for identifying each of the at least one connection.
[0198] In an implementation of the thirteenth aspect, for execution of the method for provisioning the connection information, the connection information is available.
[0199] In an implementation of the thirteenth aspect, the method constitutes an action to provision the connection information related to the at least one connection for the third node. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0200] The first node is designed to perform the action including the reception and the transmission, so as to improve the efficiency of the provisioning of the connection information related to the at least one connection for the third node and realize the automation of the provisioning of the connection information related to the at least one connection for the third node.
[0201] In an implementation of the thirteenth aspect, the fourth provisioning request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0202] By including / indicating the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0203] In an implementation of the thirteenth aspect, after execution of the method, the connection information has been provided.
[0204] According to a fourteenth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a first node for information provisioning. The method includes receiving a fifth provisioning request from a second node. The fifth provisioning request includes a request for provisioning performance information related to a session associated with a device during a time period, and the fifth provisioning request indicates the device and the time period. The method further includes transmitting a fifth provisioning response in response to the fifth provisioning request. The fifth provisioning response includes / indicates the performance information of the device during the time period.
[0205] By indicating the device and the time period in the fifth provisioning request, the first node can effectively and accurately determine the performance information related to the session associated with the device during the time period, and provide the same to the second node or other node (s) , which ensures the efficiency of provisioning the performance information from the first node to the second node or other node (s) .
[0206] In an implementation of the fourteenth aspect, the session associated with the device includes a first session, and the first session is a logical connection established between the device and a C / M serving gateway connected to the device on a C / M plane. The fifth provisioning response includes / indicates information for identifying the first session and performance information about the first session.
[0207] In an implementation of the fourteenth aspect, the session associated with the device includes a second session, and the second session is a logical connection established between the device and a data serving gateway connected to the device on a data plane. The fifth provisioning response includes / indicates information for identifying the second session and performance information related to the second session.
[0208] In an implementation of the fourteenth aspect, for execution of the method for provisioning the performance information, the performance information is available.
[0209] In an implementation of the fourteenth aspect, the method constitutes an action to provision the performance information related to the session associated the device. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0210] The first node is designed to perform the action including the reception and the transmission, so as to improve the efficiency of the provisioning of the performance information related to the session associated the device and realize the automation of the provisioning of the performance information related to the session associated the device.
[0211] In an implementation of the fourteenth aspect, the fifth provisioning request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0212] By including / indicating the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0213] In an implementation of the fourteenth aspect, the second node provides a data collection service.
[0214] In an implementation of the fourteenth aspect, after execution of the method, the performance information of the device has been provided during the time period.
[0215] According to a fifteenth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed that is applied to a third node for managing network connections. The method includes assigning identification information to a device. The identification information enables the device to access one or more actions related to at least one service provided by the third node. The method further includes transmitting the identification information to a second node.
[0216] The third node is configured to assign identification information to the device and provide it to the second node, which enables the device to access the one or more actions related to at least one service securely. This configuration enhances the overall security and reliability of the system by ensuring that only authenticated devices can access specific services.
[0217] In an implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes: transmitting, to the second node, an indication of a time window for assignment of the identification information to the device. The time window includes / indicates a duration for which the device is authorized to access the one or more actions.
[0218] In an implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method further includes receiving an assignment request. The assignment request includes a request to assign the identification information to the device.
[0219] In an implementation of the fifteenth aspect, for execution of the method to assign identification information to the device, the device has been authorized to access the at least one service provided by the third node during subscription to the third node.
[0220] In an implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the method constitutes an action to assign the identification information to the device. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the third node for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0221] The third node is designed to perform the action including the assignment and the transmission, so as to improve the efficiency of the assignment of device ID related to the forwarding rule and realize the automation of the assignment of device ID.
[0222] In an implementation of the fifteenth aspect, the second node is a service provisioning management (SPM) node.
[0223] In an implementation of the fifteenth aspect, after execution of the method, the identification information has been assigned to the device.
[0224] According to a sixteenth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a first establishment request from a second node. The first establishment request includes a request to establish a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection. The apparatus further includes a processing module configured to enable, in response to receiving the first establishment request, a first data serving gateway to establish the forwarding rule. The at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway.
[0225] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the first establishment request includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0226] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The first establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0227] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the at least one connection includes a second connection. One of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.
[0228] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway. The first establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the second data serving gateway.
[0229] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway. The first establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0230] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the first establishment request includes / indicates one or more of: a number of connections in the at least one connection; quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway.
[0231] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the apparatus further includes a transmitting module configured to transmit a message to the first data serving gateway. The message is configured to enable establishing the forwarding rule for the session at the first data serving gateway.
[0232] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0233] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0234] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the at least one connection includes a second connection. One of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.
[0235] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the second data serving gateway.
[0236] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0237] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the message includes / indicates one or more of: a number of connections in the at least one connection; QoS information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway.
[0238] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication among the plurality of nodes over the at least connection on a data plane.
[0239] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, for execution of the reception and the enabling steps to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes are already known, and the one or more data serving gateways include the first data serving gateway.
[0240] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the reception and the enabling constitute an action to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0241] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the first establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0242] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, the second node provides autonomous programming services.
[0243] In an implementation of the sixteenth aspect, after execution of the reception and the enabling steps, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0244] According to a seventeenth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a message from a first node. The message is configured to enable establishing a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, and the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. The apparatus further includes a processing module configured to establish the forwarding rule in response to receiving the message.
[0245] In an implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0246] In an implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0247] In an implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the at least one connection includes a second connection. One of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.
[0248] In an implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the second data serving gateway.
[0249] In an implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway. The message further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0250] In an implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the message includes / indicates one or more of: a number of connections in the at least one connection; quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway.
[0251] In an implementation of the seventeenth aspect, after execution of the reception and the establishment steps, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0252] According to an eighteenth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a second establishment request from a second node. The second establishment request includes a request to establish a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, and the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. The apparatus further includes a processing module configured to establish the forwarding rule in response to receiving the second establishment request.
[0253] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the second establishment request includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0254] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The second establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0255] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the at least one connection includes a second connection. One of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.
[0256] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway. The second establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the second data serving gateway.
[0257] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway. The second establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the destination node.
[0258] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the second establishment request includes / indicates one or more of: a number of connections in the at least one connection; quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway.
[0259] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, for execution of the reception and the establishment steps to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes are already known, and the one or more data serving gateways include the first data serving gateway.
[0260] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the reception and the establishment constitute an action to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0261] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the second establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0262] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the second node provides autonomous programming services.
[0263] In an implementation of the eighteenth aspect, after execution of the reception and the establishment steps, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0264] According to a nineteenth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a first removal request from a second node. The first removal request includes a request to remove a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection. The apparatus further includes a processing module configured to enable, in response to receiving the first removal request, a first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule. The at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway.
[0265] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, the first removal request includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0266] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, the first removal request includes / indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.
[0267] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, the apparatus further includes a transmitting module configured to transmit a message to the first data serving gateway. The message is configured to enable removing the forwarding rule for the data mission session at the first data serving gateway.
[0268] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0269] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, the message includes / indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.
[0270] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, the forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication among the plurality of nodes over the at least connection on a data plane.
[0271] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, for execution of the reception and the enabling steps to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed.
[0272] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, the reception and the enabling constitute an action to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0273] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, the first removal request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0274] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, the second node provides autonomous programming services.
[0275] In an implementation of the nineteenth aspect, after execution of the reception and the enabling steps, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.
[0276] According to a twentieth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a message from a first node. The message is configured to enable removing a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, and the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. The apparatus further includes a processing module configured to remove the forwarding rule in response to receiving the message.
[0277] In an implementation of the twentieth aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0278] In an implementation of the twentieth aspect, the message includes / indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.
[0279] In an implementation of the twentieth aspect, after execution of the reception and the removal steps, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.
[0280] According to a twenty-first aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a second removal request from a second node. The second removal request includes a request to remove a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, and the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. The apparatus further includes a processing module configured to remove the forwarding rule in response to receiving the second removal request.
[0281] In an implementation of the twenty-first aspect, the second removal request includes / indicates information for identifying the at least one connection.
[0282] In an implementation of the twenty-first aspect, the second removal request includes / indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.
[0283] In an implementation of the twenty-first aspect, for execution of the reception and the removal steps to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed.
[0284] In an implementation of the twenty-first aspect, the reception and the removal constitute an action to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0285] In an implementation of the twenty-first aspect, the second removal request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0286] In an implementation of the twenty-first aspect, the second node provides autonomous programming services.
[0287] In an implementation of the twenty-first aspect, after execution of the reception and the removal steps, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.
[0288] According to a twenty-second aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a third establishment request from a device. The third establishment request includes a request to establish a redirection rule, and the redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic from a source node targeted to the device. The incoming traffic is redirected to a destination node. The apparatus further includes a processing module configured to enable, in response to receiving the third establishment request, a first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule. The first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node.
[0289] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the third establishment request includes / indicates information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.
[0290] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the third establishment request further includes / indicates an identifier of the device; and / or information for indicating validity of the redirection rule.
[0291] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the apparatus further includes a transmitting module configured to transmit a message to the first data serving gateway. The message is configured to enable establishing the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway.
[0292] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.
[0293] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the message further includes / indicates an identifier of the device; and / or information for indicating validity of the redirection rule.
[0294] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, for execution of the reception and the enabling steps to establish the redirection rule, a connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node has been established.
[0295] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the destination node is in a system which includes the device, the first node and the first data serving gateway, and the first data serving gateway is connected to the destination node via a second data serving gateway of the destination node.
[0296] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the destination node is in an external network.
[0297] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the redirection rule is configured to redirect the incoming traffic from the source node to a node within a same system as the device, and the incoming traffic is forwarded by the node to the destination node via an external connection between the node and the destination node.
[0298] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the reception and the enabling constitute an action to establish the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the device.
[0299] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, the third establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0300] In an implementation of the twenty-second aspect, after execution of the reception and the enabling steps, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0301] According to a twenty-third aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a message from a first node. The message is configured to enable establishing the redirection rule, and the redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic from a source node targeted to a device. The incoming traffic is redirected to a destination node. The apparatus further includes a processing module configured to establish, in response to receiving the message, the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway. The first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node.
[0302] In an implementation of the twenty-third aspect, the message includes / indicates information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.
[0303] In an implementation of the twenty-third aspect, the message further includes / indicates one or more of: an identifier of the device; and information for indicating validity of the redirection rule.
[0304] In an implementation of the twenty-third aspect, after execution of the reception and the establishment steps, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0305] According to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a fourth establishment request from a device. The fourth establishment request includes a request to establish a redirection rule, and the redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic from a source node targeted to the device. The incoming traffic is redirected to a destination node. The apparatus further includes a processing module, configured to establish the redirection rule in response to receiving the fourth establishment request. The first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node.
[0306] In an implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, the fourth establishment request includes / indicates information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.
[0307] In an implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, the fourth establishment request further includes / indicates one or more of: an identifier of the device; and information for indicating validity of the redirection rule.
[0308] In an implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, for execution of the reception and the establishment steps to establish the redirection rule, a connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node has been established.
[0309] In an implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, the destination node is in a system which includes the device and the first data serving gateway, and the first data serving gateway is connected to the destination node via a second data serving gateway of the destination node.
[0310] In an implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, the destination node is in an external network.
[0311] In an implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, the redirection rule is configured to redirect the incoming traffic from the source node to a node within a same system as the device, and the incoming traffic is forwarded by the node to the destination node via an external connection between the node and the destination node.
[0312] In an implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, the reception and the establishment constitute an action to establish the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the device.
[0313] In an implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, the fourth establishment request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0314] In an implementation of the twenty-fourth aspect, after execution of the reception and the establishment steps, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0315] According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a processing module configured to determine that a trigger condition for provisioning session information related to a session associated with a device, is satisfied; and a transmitting module configured to transmit the session information to a second node. The session information indicates the device.
[0316] In an implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, the session information includes / indicates an identifier of the device.
[0317] In an implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, the session associated with the device includes a first session, and the first session is a logical connection established between the device and a control and management (C / M) serving gateway connected to the device on a C / M plane. The session information includes / indicates one or more of the following: information for identifying a serving area where the C / M serving gateway is located; information for identifying the C / M serving gateway; information for identifying the first session; information for identifying at least one third connection; information for identifying at least one node to which the device is connected on the C / M plane; and a number of connections in the at least one third connection. The at least one third connection is mapped to the first session for signaling exchange between the device and at least one node on the C / M plane.
[0318] In an implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, the session associated with the device includes a second session, and the second session is a logical connection established between the device and a data serving gateway connected to the device on a data plane. The session information further includes / indicates one or more of following items: information for identifying a serving area where the data serving gateway is located; information for identifying the data serving gateway; information for identifying the second session; information for identifying at least one fourth connection, information for identifying at least one node to which the device is connected on the data plane; and a number of connections in the at least one fourth connection. The at least one fourth connection is mapped to the second session for data exchange between the device and at least one node on the data plane.
[0319] In an implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, for execution of the determination and the transmission steps for provisioning the session information associated with the device, the session information is available.
[0320] In an implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, the trigger condition includes one of: triggering the provisioning of the session information upon receiving a first provisioning request, triggering the provisioning of the session information at a time interval; or triggering the provisioning of the session information when a status of the session associated with the device has changed. The first provisioning request includes a request for provisioning the session information, and the first provisioning request indicates the device
[0321] In an implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, the determination and the transmission constitute an action to provision session information related to the session associated with the device. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0322] In an implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, the determination includes receiving information for identifying the action.
[0323] In an implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, the second node provides an autonomous programming services.
[0324] In an implementation of the twenty-fifth aspect, after execution of the determination and the transmission steps, the session information has been provided to the second node.
[0325] According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a processing module configured to determine that a trigger condition for provisioning of information related to a forwarding rule is satisfied. The forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication over a connection through the gateway. The apparatus further includes a transmitting module configured to transmit the information related to the forwarding rule to a second node. The information related to the forwarding rule includes / indicates information indicating a status of the forwarding rule.
[0326] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the information related to the forwarding rule further includes / indicates: information for identifying the connection; and / or information about a type of the connection.
[0327] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the information related to the forwarding rule further includes / indicates information for identifying the gateway.
[0328] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the connection is a device-node connection between a device and a third node on a C / M plane or a data plane, and the gateway is a serving gateway of the device and / or an anchor gateway of the third node.
[0329] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the connection is a device-external connection between the device and a device-external gateway on a data plane. The device-external gateway is connected to an external network, and the gateway is the device-external gateway or a serving gateway of the device.
[0330] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the connection is a node-external connection between a third node and a node-external gateway on a C / M plane or a data plane. The node-external gateway is connected to an external network, and the gateway is the node-external gateway or an anchor gateway of the third node.
[0331] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the information related to the forwarding rule further includes / indicates content of the forwarding rule, the content includes / indicates a mapping related to the connection.
[0332] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, for execution of the determination and the transmission steps for provisioning the information related to the forwarding rule, the forwarding rule for the connection has been established or removed.
[0333] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the determination and the transmission constitute an action to provision the information related to the forwarding rule. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0334] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the determination and the transmission constitute an action to provision the information related to the forwarding rule. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the gateway for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the first node and / or the second node.
[0335] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, the triggering condition includes one of: triggering the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule upon receiving a second provisioning request, triggering the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule at a time interval; or triggering the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule when the status of the forwarding rule for the connection has changed. The second provisioning request includes a request for provisioning the information related to the forwarding rule, and the second provisioning request indicates the connection.
[0336] In an implementation of the twenty-sixth aspect, after execution of the determination and the transmission steps, the information related to the forwarding rule has been provided to the second node.
[0337] According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a third provisioning request from a second node. The third provisioning request includes a request to provision connection information related to at least one connection for a device, and the third provisioning request indicates the device. The apparatus further includes a transmitting module configured to transmit a third provisioning response in response to the third provisioning request. The third provisioning response includes / indicates the connection information.
[0338] In an implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, the at least one connection for the device includes a device-node connection between the device and a third node on a C / M plane or a data plane, and / or a device-external connection between the device and a device-external gateway on the data plane.
[0339] In an implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, the third provisioning response includes / indicates one or more of: information about a type of each of the at least one connection; a number of connections in the at least one connection; information for identifying the third node and / or the device-external gateway; and information for identifying each of the at least one connection.
[0340] In an implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, for execution of the reception and the transmission steps for provisioning the connection information, the connection information is available.
[0341] In an implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, the reception and the transmission constitute an action to provision the connection information related to the at least one connection for the device. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0342] In an implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, the third provisioning request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0343] In an implementation of the twenty-seventh aspect, after execution of the reception and the transmission steps, the connection information has been provided.
[0344] According to a twenty-eighth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a fourth provisioning request from a second node. The fourth provisioning request includes a request for provisioning connection information related to at least one connection for a third node, and the fourth provisioning request indicates the third node. The apparatus further includes a transmitting module configured to transmit a fourth provisioning response in response to the fourth provisioning request. The fourth provisioning response includes / indicates the connection information.
[0345] In an implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, the at least one connection for the third node includes a device-node connection between a device and the third node on a C / M plane or a data plane, and / or a node-external connection between the third node and a node-external gateway on the C / M plane or the data plane.
[0346] In an implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, the fourth provisioning response includes / indicates one or more of: information about a type of each of the at least one connection; a number of connections in the at least one connection; an identifier of the device and / or the node-external gateway; and information for identifying each of the at least one connection.
[0347] In an implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, for execution of the reception and transmission steps for provisioning the connection information, the connection information is available.
[0348] In an implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, the reception and transmission constitute an action to provision the connection information related to the at least one connection for the third node. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0349] In an implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, the fourth provisioning request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0350] In an implementation of the twenty-eighth aspect, after execution of the reception and transmission steps, the connection information has been provided.
[0351] According to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a fifth provisioning request from a second node. The fifth provisioning request includes a request for provisioning performance information related to a session associated with a device during a time period, and the fifth provisioning request indicates the device and the time period. The apparatus further includes a transmitting module configured to transmit a fifth provisioning response in response to the fifth provisioning request. The fifth provisioning response includes / indicates the performance information of the device during the time period.
[0352] In an implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, the session associated with the device includes a first session, and the first session is a logical connection established between the device and a C / M serving gateway connected to the device on a C / M plane. The fifth provisioning response includes / indicates information for identifying the first session and performance information about the first session.
[0353] In an implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, the session associated with the device includes a second session, and the second session is a logical connection established between the device and a data serving gateway connected to the device on a data plane. The fifth provisioning response includes / indicates information for identifying the second session and performance information related to the second session.
[0354] In an implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, for execution of the reception and transmission steps for provisioning the performance information, the performance information is available.
[0355] In an implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, the reception and transmission constitute an action to provision the performance information related to the session associated the device. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0356] In an implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, the fifth provisioning request further includes / indicates information for identifying the action.
[0357] In an implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, the second node provides a data collection service.
[0358] In an implementation of the twenty-ninth aspect, after execution of the reception and transmission steps, the performance information of the device has been provided during the time period.
[0359] According to a thirtieth aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a processing module configured to assign identification information to a device. The identification information enables the device to access one or more actions related to at least one service provided by the third node. The apparatus further includes a transmitting module configured to transmit the identification information to a second node.
[0360] In an implementation of the thirtieth aspect, the transmitting module is further configured to transmit, to the second node, an indication of a time window for assignment of the identification information to the device. The time window includes / indicates a duration for which the device is authorized to access the one or more actions.
[0361] In an implementation of the thirtieth aspect, the apparatus further includes a receiving module configured to receive an assignment request. The assignment request includes a request to assign the identification information to the device.
[0362] In an implementation of the thirtieth aspect, for execution of the assignment and the transmission steps to assign identification information to the device, the device has been authorized to access the at least one service provided by the third node during subscription to the third node.
[0363] In an implementation of the thirtieth aspect, the assignment and the transmission constitute an action to assign the identification information to the device. The action is executed as part of a service provided by the third node for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.
[0364] In an implementation of the thirtieth aspect, the second node is a service provisioning management (SPM) node.
[0365] In an implementation of the thirtieth aspect, after execution of the assignment and the transmission steps, the identification information has been assigned to the device.
[0366] According to a thirty-first aspect of the present disclosure, a system is disclosed. The system includes apparatuses configured to execute the method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect, according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect, according to the seventh aspect or any possible implementation of the seventh aspect, according to the eighth aspect or any possible implementation of the eighth aspect, according to the ninth aspect or any possible implementation of the ninth aspect, according to the tenth aspect or any possible implementation of the tenth aspect, according to the eleventh aspect or any possible implementation of the eleventh aspect, according to the twelfth aspect or any possible implementation of the twelfth aspect, according to the thirteen aspect or any possible implementation of the thirteen aspect, according to the fourteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourteenth aspect, or according to the fifteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifteenth aspect.
[0367] According to a thirty-second aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes one or more processors; and one or more memories storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect, according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect, according to the seventh aspect or any possible implementation of the seventh aspect, according to the eighth aspect or any possible implementation of the eighth aspect, according to the ninth aspect or any possible implementation of the ninth aspect, according to the tenth aspect or any possible implementation of the tenth aspect, according to the eleventh aspect or any possible implementation of the eleventh aspect, according to the twelfth aspect or any possible implementation of the twelfth aspect, according to the thirteen aspect or any possible implementation of the thirteen aspect, according to the fourteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourteenth aspect, or according to the fifteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifteenth aspect.
[0368] According to a thirty-third aspect of the present disclosure, a computing device cluster is disclosed. The computing device cluster includes a processing circuitry for performing the method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect, according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect, according to the seventh aspect or any possible implementation of the seventh aspect, according to the eighth aspect or any possible implementation of the eighth aspect, according to the ninth aspect or any possible implementation of the ninth aspect, according to the tenth aspect or any possible implementation of the tenth aspect, according to the eleventh aspect or any possible implementation of the eleventh aspect, according to the twelfth aspect or any possible implementation of the twelfth aspect, according to the thirteen aspect or any possible implementation of the thirteen aspect, according to the fourteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourteenth aspect, or according to the fifteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifteenth aspect.
[0369] According to a thirty-fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is disclosed. The computer program product includes computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect, according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect, according to the seventh aspect or any possible implementation of the seventh aspect, according to the eighth aspect or any possible implementation of the eighth aspect, according to the ninth aspect or any possible implementation of the ninth aspect, according to the tenth aspect or any possible implementation of the tenth aspect, according to the eleventh aspect or any possible implementation of the eleventh aspect, according to the twelfth aspect or any possible implementation of the twelfth aspect, according to the thirteen aspect or any possible implementation of the thirteen aspect, according to the fourteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourteenth aspect, or according to the fifteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifteenth aspect.
[0370] According to a thirty-fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program is disclosed. The computer program includes computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect, according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect, according to the seventh aspect or any possible implementation of the seventh aspect, according to the eighth aspect or any possible implementation of the eighth aspect, according to the ninth aspect or any possible implementation of the ninth aspect, according to the tenth aspect or any possible implementation of the tenth aspect, according to the eleventh aspect or any possible implementation of the eleventh aspect, according to the twelfth aspect or any possible implementation of the twelfth aspect, according to the thirteen aspect or any possible implementation of the thirteen aspect, according to the fourteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourteenth aspect, or according to the fifteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifteenth aspect.
[0371] According to a thirty-sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable medium is disclosed. The computer-readable medium includes computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect, according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect, according to the seventh aspect or any possible implementation of the seventh aspect, according to the eighth aspect or any possible implementation of the eighth aspect, according to the ninth aspect or any possible implementation of the ninth aspect, according to the tenth aspect or any possible implementation of the tenth aspect, according to the eleventh aspect or any possible implementation of the eleventh aspect, according to the twelfth aspect or any possible implementation of the twelfth aspect, according to the thirteen aspect or any possible implementation of the thirteen aspect, according to the fourteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourteenth aspect, or according to the fifteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifteenth aspect.
[0372] According to a thirty-seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a chip is disclosed. The chip includes an input / output (I / O) interface and a processor. The processor is configured to call and run computer execution instructions stored in a memory, to enable a device installing with the chip to execute the method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, according to the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, according to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, according to the fifth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifth aspect, according to the sixth aspect or any possible implementation of the sixth aspect, according to the seventh aspect or any possible implementation of the seventh aspect, according to the eighth aspect or any possible implementation of the eighth aspect, according to the ninth aspect or any possible implementation of the ninth aspect, according to the tenth aspect or any possible implementation of the tenth aspect, according to the eleventh aspect or any possible implementation of the eleventh aspect, according to the twelfth aspect or any possible implementation of the twelfth aspect, according to the thirteen aspect or any possible implementation of the thirteen aspect, according to the fourteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourteenth aspect, or according to the fifteenth aspect or any possible implementation of the fifteenth aspect.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0373] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present disclosure together with the following specific embodiments, but should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
[0374] FIG. 1 shows a simplified schematic illustration of a future generation communication system conceptual structure according to one or more example implementations of the present disclosure.
[0375] FIG. 2 shows a simplified schematic illustration of a deployment of a future generation communication system according to one or more example implementations of the present disclosure.
[0376] FIG. 3 shows a simplified schematic illustration of an example apparatus in a communication system according to one or more example implementations of the present disclosure.
[0377] FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic illustration of a network capability (NC) or a service, Network for Connection (NET4CON) , according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0378] FIG. 5A shows example radio bearers (RBs) , sessions and connections related to a wireless device in a communication system according to one or more example implementations of the present disclosure.
[0379] FIG. 5B shows example sessions and connections related to a wireline device in a communication system according to one or more example implementations of the present disclosure.
[0380] FIG. 6 shows example connections between data NCs in a communication system according to one or more example implementations of the present disclosure.
[0381] FIG. 7A shows a schematic flowchart of a method to establish a forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure
[0382] FIG. 7B shows a schematic flowchart of another method to establish a forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure
[0383] FIG. 8 shows a schematic flowchart of an example method including the method shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B.
[0384] FIG. 9A shows a schematic flowchart of a method to remove a forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0385] FIG. 9B shows a schematic flowchart of another method to remove a forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0386] FIG. 10A shows a schematic flowchart of a method to redirect incoming traffic according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0387] FIG. 10B shows a schematic flowchart of another method to redirect incoming traffic according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0388] FIG. 11 shows a schematic flowchart of a method to provision session information of a device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0389] FIG. 12 shows a schematic flowchart of a method to provision forwarding rule update of connection according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0390] FIG. 13 shows a schematic flowchart of a method to provision connection information of device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0391] FIG. 14 shows a schematic flowchart of a method to provision connection information of NC according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0392] FIG. 15 shows a schematic flowchart of a method to provision performance log information according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0393] FIG. 16 shows a schematic flowchart of a method to assign a device identifier (ID) according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0394] FIG. 17 shows a block diagram of an apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0395] FIG. 18 shows a block diagram of another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0396] FIG. 19 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0397] FIG. 20 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0398] FIG. 21 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0399] FIG. 22 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0400] FIG. 23 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0401] FIG. 24 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0402] FIG. 25 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0403] FIG. 26 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0404] FIG. 27 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0405] FIG. 28 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0406] FIG. 29 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0407] FIG. 30 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0408] FIG. 31 shows a block diagram of yet another apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0409] FIG. 32 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0410] FIG. 33 shows a schematic diagram of an architecture of a computing device cluster according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0411] FIG. 34 shows a schematic diagram of a connection between computing devices over a network according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0412] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying figures, which form part of the present disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure or specific aspects in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be used. It is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in other aspects and include structural or logical changes not depicted in the figures. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
[0413] An evolutionary solution of a future generation communication system architecture design and procedure design are described in the present application. The evolutionary solution is designed by enhancement of 5G system.
[0414] The proposed future generation communication network architecture has been designed with a few important principles and requirements: openness, trustworthiness, simplicity in standardization, scalability, rapid deployment of future generation communication networks and future-proofing.
[0415] The proposed future generation communication network architecture design applies modularization strategy, utilizes service-based concepts such as anything-as-a-service (XaaS) or ‘X’ as-a-service (XaaS) concepts and network virtualization techniques.
[0416] For all of the procedure designs, modularization of procedures is being tried. A procedure of the future generation communication system may include some procedures that can be reused by other procedures. Such a reusable procedure is defined as a basic procedure.
[0417] A complex procedure can, thus, include a plurality of sequential or parallel basic procedures. It is expected that such methodology can simplify designs of procedures.
[0418] The future generation communication system leverages service-based architecture and XaaS concept. XaaS services in the future generation communication system are categorized into three layers. The future generation communication system conceptual structure is shown in FIG. 1.
[0419] Infrastructure layer includes infrastructures supporting future generation services. Among them are wireless networks (Radio access network (RAN) , core network (CN) ) infrastructures, cloud / data center infrastructures, satellite networks, storage / database infrastructures, and sensing networks, and etc. These infrastructures can be provided by a single provider or by a plurality of providers.
[0420] FIG. 1 shows a simplified schematic illustration of a future generation communication system conceptual structure according to one or more example implementations of the present disclosure. In details, in FIG. 1, each XaaS service is provided by identified 5G logical functions. In the evolutionary solution, an XaaS service can be provided with 5G enhancement by multiple approaches. The aforementioned figure (FIG. 1) is only an example.
[0421] In the future generation communication system conceptual structure:-Network for artificial intelligence (AI) (NET4AI) is a new type of service in future generation CN / RAN which enables network with the capability to conduct / execute AI training / inferencing task (s) . i.e., AI task (s) , by network-based computing and communication resources. In this application, the evolutionary solution to support NET4AI service by enhancing the network data analytics function (NWDAF) in 5G system are described.-A NET4Data service provides a decentralized architecture for data stakeholders to collaboratively manage data lifecycle events. These data lifecycle events include data storage and data sharing. The data could be public, private, sensitive and confidential. In the present application, the NET4Data service could be integrated into the 5GS, or could be enhanced by the 5GS.-Data analysis and management (DAM) focuses on different types of data: network data (e.g., data collected from network functions, XaaS service) , integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) data (3GPP-based sensing data (e.g., from UE and RAN) , Non-3GPP-based sensing data (e.g., from Radar, LiDAR, WiFi Sensing) , sensor data (e.g., data from camera sensor, video sensor) , and other data (e.g., Digital user data, 3rd party data, synthetization data, and AI data) . DAM provides services for a variety of data consumers, e.g., XaaS service, 3rd party, NF, UE, etc. 5G system logical functions for example: an NWDAF, a data center cooling facility (DCCF) , and a messaging framework adaptor function (MFAF) of control plane can be enhanced to support the DAM service in an evolutionary solution.-Network for Digital World (NET4DW) as a service provides the capability of intelligent integration / synthesis of information from the physical world and digital world (DW) . Customers of NET4DW can be individuals, industries, governments. The customers can have the capability of creation, control, and management of a variety of applications running in the DW such as virtual reality applications. DW services can be supported by enhancing 5G functions and adding new functions (e.g., an evolutionary solution) where necessary.-Network for connectivity (NET4CON) as a service provides a capability to support exchange of messages and data among new future generation services. The basic capabilities of NET4CON include to manage logical topology among XaaS services and between future generation XaaS services and all types of future generation communication system customers, to introduce intelligent GWs for controlling dynamic forwarding based on configured procedure principle and to support anonymous interactions among these XaaS services and customers by the introduced intelligent GWs. The NET4CON service is provided by enhancement of 5G system.-Mission Management (MM) as a service provides a capability to program provisioning of XaaS services at service layer to provide mission services. A mission is to achieve a designated goal, known as mission goal, which includes providing PDU connectivity and may also provide data processing. The MM services include the following: mission information management service, mission session management service, mission execution and access management service.-Resource Management (RM) as a service provides a capability of life-cycle management of a variety of slices and over-the-air resource assignment to wireless devices.-Service Provisioning Management (SPM) as a service provides a capability of control and management of future generation service access by customers and provisioning of requested services. The capability is provided by ID management, unified authentication, anonymous service authorization and key management.-Connectivity Management (CM) as a service provides a capability of reachability management of future generation wireless devices and D-users in NET4DW in order to support connectivity establishment between wireless devices / D-Users and XaaS services of future generation communication system. Note that physical locations of D-Users can be changed. A CM service can be deployed across a plurality of basic architecture structure (BAS) domains.-Protocol as a service provides a capability to design service customized protocol stacks for identified interfaces.
[0422] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of deployment of the future generation communication system in an evolutionary solution.
[0423] The symbol “+” represents “enhanced” , for example, the 5G AMF-mobility function is enhanced, denoted as AMF-Mobility+, the 5G RRC function is enhanced, denoted as RRC+, the 5G network repository function (NRF) is enhanced, denoted as NRF+, the 5G session management function (SMF) is enhanced, denoted as SMF+, the 5G network exposure function (NEF) is enhanced, denoted as NEF+, the 5G authentication server function (AUSF) is enhanced, denoted as AUSF+, other enhanced functions are not described in detail herein.
[0424] C / M Radio Bearer (C / M RB) of a future generation device: over-the-air connection for carrying control signaling for over-the-air interface management and C / M plane messages. A future generation device can have a plurality of C / M RBs.
[0425] Data Radio Bearer (Data RB) of a future generation device: over-the-air connection for carrying data plane traffic. A future generation device can have a plurality of Data RBs.
[0426] RB endpoint: endpoint of an RB at network side. An endpoint of an RB protocol stack (e.g., PDCP) can be in, e.g., a RAN BAS domain, but not limited to. In other words, an RB endpoint can be flexibly deployed / selected for a device.
[0427] RB handler: over-the-air interface protocol stack handler. An RB handler is defined as a logical function which perform RB protocol stack operations after getting configurations. A protocol handler is PDCP-only handler or whole protocol stack handler. An RB handler accepts RB configuration from connectivity management (CM) service. An RB handler also accepts security configuration, e.g., keying material, from service provisioning management (SPM) service.
[0428] The NET4CON service which is a main service impacting on future generation communication system architecture is implemented by enhanced 5G service communication proxy (SCP+) as a C / M plane GW and enhanced 5G user plane function (UPF+) as a data plane GW. Proposed per device / D-User C / M session and data session are defined as logical connections between a device / D-User and its serving SCP+ (C / M-TW-GW) and serving UPF+ (Data-TW-GW) . All XaaS services are deployed across a plurality of BAS / clouds.
[0429] The future generation communication system customer can be of various types, including a device (e.g., electronic device (ED) , terminal device) , apparatus, a chip, an equipment (e.g., user equipment) , etc. For example, the customer may be an individual customer, a business customer, etc. The future generation communication system customer is used to connect persons, objects, machines, etc. The future generation communication system customer may be widely used in various scenarios including, for example, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D) , vehicle to everything (V2X) , peer-to-peer (P2P) , machine-to-machine (M2M) , machine-type-communication (MTC) , internet of things (IoT) , virtual reality (VR) , augmented reality (AR) , mixed reality (MR) , metaverse, digital twin, industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.
[0430] Each future generation communication system customer represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to but not limited to) as a user equipment (UE) or a user device or a terminal device, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) , a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA) , a MTC device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an IoT device, wearable devices (such as a watch, a pair of glasses, head mounted equipment, etc. ) , an industrial device, or an apparatus in (e.g. module, modem, or chip) or including the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation communication system customer may be referred to using other terms. When a future generation communication system customer performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the ED, one or more module (or units) in the ED, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, may perform the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, or system in package (SIP) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions in the ED.
[0431] FIG. 3 shows a simplified schematic illustration of an example of an apparatus in a communication system according to one or more example implementations of the present disclosure. In details, FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an apparatus 320 in a communication system (e.g., a future generation network architecture illustrated in FIG. 2) . The apparatus 320 may be a UE, a network node such as the access network (AN) , any components in the AN, the CN or any network function of the CN (AMF+, SMF+ or any other network functions illustrated in FIG. 2) . As shown in FIG. 3, the apparatus 320 may include at least one processor 260. Only one processor 260 is illustrated to avoid congestion in the drawing. The processor 260 may perform (or control the apparatus 320 to perform) operations (or methods) described herein as being performed by the apparatus 320.
[0432] When the apparatus is the AN, the component (s) of the AN or the apparatus is the UE, the apparatus 320 may further include a transmitter 252 and a receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated, e.g. as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by at least one antenna or a network interface controller (NIC) . The transceiver is also configured to demodulate data or other content received by the at least one antenna. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or processing signals received wirelessly or by wire. Each antenna includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals. In present disclosure, the transceiver (or transmitter 252 and / or receiver 254) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0433] The apparatus 320 may include at least one memory 258. The memory 258 stores instructions used to perform operations described herein. The memory 258 may also store data used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 320. For example, the memory 258 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by the one or more processors 260.
[0434] A person skilled in the art should understand that embodiments of this application may be provided as a method, an apparatus (or system) , computer-readable storage medium, or a computer program product. Therefore, this application may use a form of a hardware-only embodiment, a software-only embodiment, or an embodiment with a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may use a form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, a disk memory, an optical memory, and the like) that include computer-usable program code.
[0435] In a future generation communication system, both new future generation XaaS services (also referred to as data XaaS services) and network C / M XaaS services are categorized as basic XaaS services. An XaaS service (which is also referred to as service herein) is defined as an NC. The NCs at the C / M layer may be referred to as C / M NCs, and the NCs at the service layer may be referred to as data NCs. In an implementation, there is at least one basic architecture structure (BAS) domain (which is also referred to as a NET4CON domain below) in the future generation communication system, and each of the at least one BAS domain can be controlled and managed by at least one NET4CON service. FIG. 4 illustrates a structural schematic of the NET4CON service architecture in which there are two BAS domains. For purposes of the present disclosure, only a case where a single BAS domain is controlled and managed by a single NET4CON service is considered, however, it should be noted that this case is only an example, and other examples or implementations within the scope of the present disclosure are possible.
[0436] For a NET4CON service in a BAS domain (NET4CON domain shown in FIG. 4) , there is a C / M function (NET4CON C / M function shown in FIG. 4) and a plurality of gateways (GWs) in the BAS domain. In each BAS domain, the C / M function is responsible for management of all of GWs. The GWs include one or more control / management plane trustworthy gateways (C / M-TW-GWs) and one or more data plane trustworthy gateways (Data-TW-GWs) . As shown in FIG. 4, the C / M function is communicatively connected to the GWs, and configured to control operations of the GWs. In an implementation, at least one of the one or more C / M-TW-GWs is communicatively connected to a C / M function entity of an XaaS service and configured to interact with the C / M function entity on a control and management plane. In an implementation, at least one of the one or more Data-TW-GWs is communicatively connected to a data function entity of the XaaS service, and configured to interact with the data function entity on a data plane. Based on configuration from the C / M function, each of the one or more C / M-TW-GWs is responsible for C / M plane traffic forwarding / routing, and each of the one or more Data-TW-GWs is responsible for data plane traffic forwarding / routing.
[0437] For example, the C / M function in the BAS domain controls and manages topology of the BAS domain, e.g., logical connections between XaaS services (not shown in FIG. 4) and GWs (including C / M-TW-GWs and Data-TW-GWs) in such a domain. The XaaS services have their own C / M function entities (for realizing C / M functions of XaaS service modules) and data function entities (for realizing data processing functions of XaaS service modules) in the same BAS domain as the C / M function. The C / M-TW-GW, under control of the C / M function in the BAS domain, provides capabilities to connect the C / M function entities of XaaS services in the BAS domain, so as to enable anonymous and secured C / M plane interaction among XaaS services following authorization profiles of XaaS services. The Data-TW-GW under control of the C / M function in the BAS domain provides capabilities to connect the data function entities of XaaS services, so as to enable anonymous and secured data plane interaction among XaaS services to manage assured service performance.
[0438] In an implementation, in a case where there are multiple BAS domains in a future generation communication system, multiple NET4CON services are provided in the multiple BAS domains. As shown in FIG. 4, there are two BAS domains, and a NET4CON service is provided in each of the two BAS domains (two NET4CON services) . The connectivity between the two NET4CON services can be that, for example, a C / M-TW-GW of a first NET4CON service in the first BAS domain can be communicatively connected to a C / M-TW-GW of a second NET4CON service in the second BAS domain, and a Data-TW-GW of the first NET4CON service in the first BAS domain can be communicatively connected to a Data-TW-GW of the second NET4CON service in the second BAS domain, and a C / M function of the first NET4CON service in the first BAS domain can be communicatively connected to a C / M function of the second NET4CON service in the second BAS domain.
[0439] The aforementioned NET4CON service is used for management of connections of future generation communication system (e.g., 6G system) network capabilities (NCs) and customers / devices. The connections of the future generation NCs and the customers / devices may include a few types of following logical connections.
[0440] Type 1: Device-NC connection: A logical connection between a device and an NC (entity) .
[0441] Type 2: Device-External (device-Ext) connection: A logical connection between a device and a Data-TW-GW which has connection with external network (s) . Such a Data-TW-GW is denoted as an Ext-Data-TW-GW. This Device-External connection is used to carry traffic originated from the device to the external network (s) , or traffic designated to the device from the external network (s) .
[0442] [Rectified under Rule 91, 16.06.2025]Type 3: Data plane NC-NC connections: A logical connection between two data plane NCs (which are also referred to as Data NCs shown in FIG. 5A below) .
[0443] Type 4: NC-External (NC-Ext) connection: A logical connection between an NC and a gateway (e.g., C / M-TW-GW or Data-TW-GW) which has connection with external network (s) . Such a gateway is denoted as an external gateway (e.g., Ext-C / M-TW-GW or Ext-Data-TW-GW) . This logical connection is used for exchanging information or data between the NC and an external entity in the external networks.
[0444] The type 1 and type 2 connections are connections related to a device, and the device can be a wireless device or a wireline device. The connections related to the device are further described below.
[0445] Regarding the connections of a wireless device, for ease of understanding, different connections related to the device will be described. As shown in FIG. 5A, the device is connected to its serving gateways, including a C / M gateway shown as C / M-TW-GW-1 on the C / M plane and a data gateway shown as Data-TW-GW-1 on the data plane. It should be noted that although the C / M-TW-GW-1 and Data-TW-GW-1 are shown as being deployed on the infrastructure of the CN (e.g., CN infrastructure as shown in FIG. 1) , they could also be deployed on other infrastructures, such as the RAN infrastructure.
[0446] The connections related to the device may include, but are not limited to, the following:1) Device CN-C / M RB: an RB between a wireless device and its serving RAN (Cell, RB handler) that carries C / M session traffic;2) Device CN-data RB: an RB between a wireless device and its serving RAN (Cell, RB handler) that carries data session traffic;3) Device RAN-C / M RB: an RB between a wireless device and its serving RAN that carries RAN related C / M traffic;4) Device RAN-data RB: an RB between a wireless device and its serving RAN that carries RAN related data traffic;5) Device data session: a logical connection between a device and its serving Data-TW-GW, e.g., Data-TW-GW-1;6) Device C / M session: a logical connection between a device and its serving C / M-TW-GW, e.g., C / M-TW-GW-1;7) C / M NC connection (can also be referred to as C / M plane NC connection) : a logical connection between a device and an NC (which may be at the C / M layer or the service layer) , the logical connection between the device and the NC is on the C / M plane;8) Data NC connection (can also be referred to as data plane NC connection) : a logical connection between a device and a data NC (which may be at the service layer) , the logical connection between the device and the NC is on the data plane; 9) Device-external (device-ext) connection: a logical connection between a device and an entity, e.g., a server, located in external networks. A GW that has connection with external networks is an ext-Data-TW-GW, e.g., Data-TW-GW-2 in FIG. 5A. The network needs to establish a tunnel between the device and an ext-Data-TW-GW to support a device-ext connection.
[0447] Regarding the connections of a wireline device, for ease of understanding, different connections related to the wireline device will be described. As shown in FIG. 5B, the wireline device is connected to its serving gateways, including a C / M gateway shown as C / M-TW-GW on the C / M plane and a data gateway shown as Data-TW-GW on the data plane. It should be noted that the C / M-TW-GW and Data-TW-GW can be deployed on the infrastructure of the CN or the infrastructure of the RAN, or other infrastructure.
[0448] The connections related to the wireline device may include, but are not limited to, the following:1) Device data session: a logical connection between a wireline device and its serving Data-TW-GW, e.g., Data-TW-GW in FIG. 5B;2) Device C / M session: a logical connection between a wireline device and its serving C / M-TW-GW, e.g., C / M-TW-GW in FIG. 5B;3) C / M NC connection (can also be referred to as C / M plane NC connection) : a logical connection between a wireline device and an NC (which may be at the C / M layer or the service layer) , the logical connection between the wireline device and the NC is on the C / M plane;4) Data NC connection (can also be referred to as data plane NC connection) : a logical connection between a wireline device and a data NC (which may be at the service layer) , the logical connection between the wireline device and the NC is on the data plane;5) Device-external (device-Ext) connection: a logical connection between a wireline device and an entity, e.g., a server, located in external networks. A GW that has connection with external networks is an Ext-Data-TW-GW. The network needs to establish a tunnel between the wireline device and an Ext-Data-TW-GW to support a device-Ext connection.
[0449] A GW to which the device (wireless or wireline) is connected can be referred to as a serving GW of the device, and a GW to which an NC is connected can be referred to as an anchor GW of the NC. In an implementation, the serving GW of the device and the anchor GW of the NC can be the same or different. FIG. 5B shows the case where the serving gateway and the anchor gateway are the same. As shown in FIG. 5B, for a C / M NC connection between the device and an NC on the C / M plane, C / M-TW-GW is the serving C / M-TW-GW of the device and the anchor C / M-TW-GW of the NC. For a data NC connection between the device and an NC on the data plane, Data-TW-GW is the serving Data-TW-GW of the device and the anchor Data-TW-GW of the NC.
[0450] For aforementioned different connections of the wireless device or the wireline device, each may be downlink and uplink.
[0451] In the connections of the wireless device, with respect to the RBs between the wireless device and the RAN, the RBs generally include device CN RB and device RAN RB. The device CN RB includes the aforementioned device CN-C / M RB and device CN-data RB, and the device RAN RB includes the aforementioned device RAN-C / M RB and device RAN-data RB. From the perspective of directions, the RB may be a downlink RB from the RAN to a wireless device or an uplink RB from the wireless device to the RAN, so the RB can be of a downlink type or an uplink type. The downlink and uplink RB may be referred to as a pair of RBs. From the perspective of traffic types, the RB could be a C / M RB for carrying control signaling traffic on the C / M plane or a data RB for carrying data traffic on the data plane. Therefore, the RB can be of a C / M type or a data type. From the perspective of traffic destinations, the RB may be referred to as a RAN-RB or a CN-RB. The RAN-RB is an RB that carries signaling messages or data traffic between a wireless device and the RAN, and the CN-RB is an RB that carries signaling messages or data traffic between a device and the core network (CN) on the over-the-air interface. Therefore, in this case, the RB can be of a RAN-RB type or a CN-RB type. When combining the aforementioned different perspectives, different types of RBs may include downlink / uplink RAN-C / M RB (RAN-RB for carrying signaling messages on the C / M plane) , downlink / uplink RAN-data RB (RAN-RB for carrying data traffic on the data plane) , downlink / uplink CN-C / M RB (CN-RB for carrying signaling messages on the C / M plane) , downlink / uplink CN-data RB (CN-RB for carrying data traffic on the data plane) . That is, a RAN-RB may be an uplink / downlink RAN-C / M RB or RAN-data RB, a CN-RB could be an uplink / downlink CN C / M RB or CN-data RB; a C / M RB could be an uplink / downlink RAN-C / M RB or uplink / downlink CN-C / M RB, a data RB could be an uplink / downlink RAN-data RB or uplink / downlink CN-data RB.
[0452] In the connections of the wireless device or wireline device, with respect to the session related to the device, from the perspective of traffic types, the session could be a C / M session which is a logical connection between a device and its serving C / M-TW-GW for exchanging control signaling on the C / M plane, or a data session which is a logical connection between a device and its serving data-TW-GW for exchanging data on the data plane. Therefore, the session can be of a C / M type or a data type. From the perspective of directions, the session may be a downlink session from a serving GW (serving C / M-TW-GW or serving data-TW-GW) to a device or an uplink session from the device to the serving GW, so the session can be of a downlink type or an uplink type. The downlink and uplink sessions may be referred to as a pair of sessions. When combining the aforementioned different perspectives, different types of sessions may include downlink / uplink C / M session (C / M session for exchanging control signaling on the C / M plane) , or downlink / uplink data session (data session for exchanging data on the data plane) . That is, a session may be an uplink / downlink C / M session or data session.
[0453] Regarding the aforementioned type 3 of connection, FIG. 6 shows example connections between data NCs in a communication system according to one or more example implementations of the present disclosure. The connection between two data NCs may also be referred to as an NC-NC connection. As shown in FIG. 6, the connections between data NCs can include: a connection of two data NCs having the same anchor data gateway (e.g., the connection between data NC1 and data NC2 shown in FIG. 6) , a connection of two data NCs having different anchor data gateways (e.g., the connection between data NC1 and data NC3 shown in FIG. 6) and a connection of two data NCs located in different NET4CON domains (e.g., the connection between data NC4 in NET4CON domain 1 and data NC5 in NET4CON domain 2 shown in FIG. 6) . The black block in a data NC represents its data plane processing functionality (data function entities) and the gray block represents its control plane processing functionality (control function entities) . In an implementation, the connection of two data NCs located in different NET4CON domains is a specific example of the connection of two data NCs having different anchor data gateways, as in this case, the anchor data gateways of the two data NCs locate in different NET4CON domains. Data function entities of data NC1 and data NC2 are connected via Data-TW-GW-1, to form the connection between data NC1 and data NC2. Data-TW-GW-1 is an anchor data gateway of data NC1 and data NC2. Data function entities of data NC1 and data NC3 are connected via Data-TW-GW-1 and Data-TW-GW-2, to form the connection between data NC1 and data NC3. Data-TW-GW-1 is an anchor data gateway of data NC1, and Data-TW-GW-2 is an anchor data gateway of data NC3. Data NC4 and data NC5 are located in NET4CON domain 1 and NET4CON domain 2 respectively. Data function entities of data NC4 and data NC5 are connected via Data-TW-GW-2 and Data-TW-GW-3 in NET4CON domain 2, to form the connection between data NC4 and data NC5.
[0454] Throughout the text, the anchor gateway of an NC is connected to the NC, and responsible for managing traffic related to the NC. Corresponding forwarding rule (s) can be established at the anchor gateway of the NC, to ensure that incoming traffic can be properly forwarded to the NC, as well as ensuring that outgoing traffic can be properly forwarded from the NC to other NC (s) or device (s) . The anchor C / M gateway of the NC, also referred to as anchor C / M serving gateway of the NC, is responsible for incoming signaling traffic to the NC and outgoing signaling traffic from the NC on the C / M plane. The anchor data gateway of the NC, also referred to as anchor data (serving) gateway of the NC, is responsible for incoming data traffic to the NC and outgoing data traffic from the NC on the data plane. The serving gateway of a wireless or wireline device is connected to the device, and responsible for managing traffic related to the device. Corresponding forwarding rule (s) can be established at the serving gateway of the device, to ensure that incoming traffic can be properly forwarded to the device, as well as ensuring that outgoing traffic can be properly forwarded from the device to other NC (s) or device (s) . The C / M serving gateway of the device is responsible for incoming signaling traffic to the device and outgoing signaling traffic from the device on the C / M plane. The data serving gateway of the device is responsible for incoming data traffic to the device and outgoing data traffic from the device on the data plane.
[0455] In an implementation, the connections between data NCs can support a mission session. In an implementation, the mission session (which is also referred to as data mission session herein) is to provide a mission service, and the mission service is a service for both packet data unit (PDU) connectivity and data processing. In an implementation, the mission session is a collection of data sessions and (optional) inter-GW sessions. Each inter-GW session includes an association between two GWs (entities) , and each GW (entity) is used for supporting communication among the data NCs.
[0456] As described above, both new future generation XaaS services and network C / M XaaS services are categorized as basic XaaS services. An XaaS service is defined as an NC. Each of these NCs can provide a single or a group of specific capabilities to enable control and management and service provisioning in the future generation communication system. An NC can provide one or more sub-services, each sub-service being enabled by one or more basic network capabilities, i.e., actions. Each basic network capability or action could be described in a consistent format, and could be AI / LLM (large language model) friendly (for AI enabled full automation) . Such a consistent format is defined as a network capability description language (NCDL) . In an implementation, an XaaS service can be implemented / achieved through execution of one or more actions corresponding to the XaaS service. The one or more actions are used for reflecting one or more capabilities for implementing a requirement of the service. The one or more actions may correspond to the one or more capabilities one-by-one, or a combination of a plurality of actions may correspond to one capability. For example, considering NET4AI service as an XaaS service, the NET4AI service can provide AI-related services to future generation communication system customers or to other NCs. These AI related services can be enabled by its inference capabilities or sub-services, training capabilities or sub-services, and model management capabilities or sub-services. That is, the requirement for the NET4AI service can include, but are not limited to: a training requirement, an inference requirement, a model management requirement which can be related to storing of a model or a library related to provisioning of the NET4AI service, enhancement / improvement of the model, or the like. For the training requirement, there could be a plurality of algorithms / schemes such as algorithm / scheme A, algorithm / scheme B and algorithm / scheme C for implementing the training requirements. In this case, the plurality of algorithms / schemes can be regarded as a plurality of actions corresponding to the NET4AI service. It should be noted that the algorithm / scheme is just an implementation of the action, and the actions related to a service may be characterized in other different forms or formats.
[0457] The NCDL defines a language that is understood by both parties, i.e., a first NC calling the action and a second NC executing the action that is called by the first NC. The actions may be categorized as follows:Type 1: In-out-action: When this type of action is called, action codes are run based on an input and an output is produced. (Input-> action-> output) ;Type 2: In–action: When this type of action is called, action codes are run based on the input and a local configuration / update is conducted (input->action-> local update) ;Type 3: Out-action: When a local condition (trigger condition) is met, action codes are run to provide an output (local ->action->output) .
[0458] For Type 1 action and Type 2 action, when a first NC calls an action of a second NC, the first NC provides an NCDL input to the second NC. The NCDL input follows a certain agreement for the second NC to correctly recognize the NCDL input and execute the action. For Type 1 action, the second NC provides an NCDL output corresponding to the NCDL input. This NCDL output may be provided to the first NC, or to another NC (s) . For Type 2 action, the second NC performs a local configuration based on the NCDL input, in which case there is no NCDL output.
[0459] For Type 3 action, there is no NCDL input. When a local condition (or a trigger condition) is met, the first NC automatically provides an NCDL output to the second NC which subscribes to this action.
[0460] For an NCDL of an NC, the input dimensions (NCDL input) can include one or a plurality of input information without defining corresponding input information format; for an NCDL of a data NC, these dimensions can include one or a plurality of input data dimensions along with definitions of corresponding input data format.
[0461] The NET4CON at the infrastructure layer of FIG. 1 is a network capability (NC) that is responsible for management of connections of future generation communication system (e.g., 6G system) network capabilities (NCs) and customers / devices.
[0462] Aspects of the present disclosure propose NET4CON actions and corresponding NCDLs for the NET4CON, so as to enable the NET4CON to provide its capability to other NCs and customers. In order to provide this capability, the NET4CON may need to define one or more actions (e.g., Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) ) and provide an NCDL for each of the one or more actions.
[0463] The actions of the NET4CON proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure are used for managing network connections and information provisioning thereof. The related actions can include, but are not limited to, establishment of forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session, removal of forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session, redirection of incoming traffic, provisioning of session information of device, provisioning of forwarding rule update of connection, provisioning of connection information of device, provisioning of connection information of NC, provisioning of performance log information, and assignment of device ID.
[0464] In the following description, different actions related to the NET4CON service are further described. It should be noted that although the actions are described with reference to a NET4CON C / M function (which is also referred to as first node below) , or the C / M-TW-GW / Data-TW-GW of the NET4CON services, the description of the actions may be applicable in the context of other services or NCs, and other NCs may also provide similar actions that follow similar NCDLs. The actions of the NET4CON C / M function or the C / M-TW-GW / data-TW-GW may be subscribed to by a device, a customer using the device, an NC providing autonomous programming services, an NC providing RAN services, or other NCs (such as those described with reference to FIG. 1) . Besides, the execution of following actions will be described from the perspective of the first node, the C / M serving gateway and / or the data serving gateway. From the perspective of the first node, when interactions between the first node and other nodes are involved, corresponding operations may be performed by other nodes, and the other nodes could be other XaaS services, the C / M serving gateway or the data serving gateway. For example, the first node transmitting information to the other node involves the other node receiving information from the first node, the first node receiving information from the other node involves the other node transmitting information to the first node.
[0465] As described above with reference to FIG. 6, in proposed further generation communication system architecture, interactions among data NCs are supported such that a more comprehensive service, i.e., a mission service, needs one or more than one NC’s contributions. In order for NET4CON to support the interconnection among these involved NCs, the involved Data-TW-GWs need to be identified and forwarding rules needs to be configured to these Data-TW-GWs. In an implementation, the mission service can be provided by a mission session.
[0466] In an implementation of the present disclosure, the action is to establish a forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session. Each action includes a unique action name for facilitating other NCs to subscribe to the action. For example, the action name can be “establishment of forwarding rule” , “first establishment service” , or “second establishment service” . The action could be implemented by calling the Data-TW-GW (which is also referred to as first data serving gateway below) or a C / M function (which is also referred to as first node below) in a BAS domain. The C / M function can be in the same BAS domain where the Data-TW-GW is located or in a BAS domain different from the BAS domain where the Data-TW-GW is located. FIG. 7A shows a schematic flowchart of a method to establish the forwarding rule at the Data-TW-GW for the mission session according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, which is for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission. The flowchart is representative of the execution of the action by the first node. The method illustrated in FIG. 7A is applied at the first node and includes the following steps:
[0467] At step S701A, the method includes receiving a first establishment request from a second node.
[0468] The first establishment request includes a request to establish a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection.
[0469] At step S702A, the method includes, in response to receiving the first establishment request, enabling a first data serving gateway to establish the forwarding rule. In an implementation, the first node can be a C / M function of a NET4CON service in a BAS domain. In an implementation, the second node can provide an XaaS service in the C / M layer or the Service layer of FIG. 1, and the XaaS service can provide its services or capabilities through its corresponding C / M function entity / entities and or data function entity / entities. The C / M function entity / entities support (s) exchanging of signaling of the XaaS service on the C / M plane. The data function entity / entities support (s) exchanging of data traffic of the XaaS service on the data plane. In an implementation, the second node provides autonomous programming services.
[0470] In an implementation, the data mission, which is also referred to as data mission session or mission session, can provide the aforementioned mission service. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection to provide the mission service. In an implementation, the plurality of nodes can be NCs in the Service layer of FIG. 1, that is, data NCs. In an implementation, the plurality of nodes can be in the same NET4CON (BAS) domain or different NET4CON domains.
[0471] The at least one connection includes one or more NC-NC connections. For each of the at least one connection, its two ends are two NCs. When one NC is a source node of the connection, the other NC is the destination node of the connection. The roles of the source and destination nodes change when the direction of the traffic over the connection changes. Each NC has its anchor data gateway. The anchor data gateways for the two NCs may be different gateways or may be the same gateway. When the anchor data gateways for the two NCs coincide, the forwarding rule would be established at this anchor data gateway, e.g., following the procedure shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B. When the anchor data gateways for the two NCs are different gateways, each gateway should establish its forwarding rule. The plurality of nodes (plural NCs) may participate in the session through multiple connections, and the anchor data gateways involved in the multiple connections (which provide connectivity between two or more of NCs among the plural NCs) would be established with their respective forwarding rules (following similar establishment procedure but with different content) , to ensure the provisioning of the mission service.
[0472] The at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. In an implementation, the at least one connection includes a first connection. The first connection can be the connection of two data NCs having the same anchor data gateway (e.g., the connection between data NC1 and data NC2 shown in FIG. 6) . In the example shown in FIG. 6, the first data serving gateway associated with the first connection is Data-TW-GW-1. In an implementation, the at least one connection includes a second connection. The second connection can be the connection of two data NCs having different anchor data gateways. In the example shown in FIG. 6, data NC1 has an anchor data gateway Data-TW-GW-1, and data NC3 has an anchor data gateway Data-TW-GW-2. When the second connection is from data NC1 to data NC3, the first data serving gateway associated with the second connection may be Data-TW-GW-1 or Data-TW-GW-2. When taking Data-TW-GW-1 as the first data serving gateway, data NC1 as the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway (Data-TW-GW-1) , and data NC3 as the destination node of the second connection is connected to Data-TW-GW-2 (a second data serving gateway) . When taking Data-TW-GW-2 as the first data serving gateway, data NC1 as the source node of the second connection is connected to Data-TW-GW-1 (a second data serving gateway) , and data NC3 as the destination node of the second connection is connected to Data-TW-GW-2 (the first data serving gateway) .
[0473] In a possible connection, the two ends of one of the at least one connection, which could be two data NCs, can be in the same NET4CON domain (e.g., data NC1 and data NC3 shown in FIG. 6) or different NET4CON domains (e.g., data NC4 and data NC5 shown in FIG. 6) .
[0474] In an implementation, establishing the forwarding rule for the session requires establishing the forwarding rule for each of the at least one connection. The forwarding rule is a connection-level forwarding rule, so as to ensure that the traffic over the connection can be correctly forwarded by the first data serving gateway. In an implementation, establishing the forwarding rule for the at least one connection can include establishing the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway which provides connectivity for the at least one connection. In an implementation, the first data serving gateway can be an anchor data gateway of at least one of the plurality of nodes. In an implementation, the forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication among the plurality of nodes over the at least connection on a data plane. The communication may be exchange of data traffic. In an implementation, for some of the at least one connection whose two ends share the same anchor data gateway, the forwarding rule may indicate a mapping between each of these connections (the number of these connections could be one or multiple) and its corresponding destination node (NC) . In an implementation, for some of the at least one connection whose two ends have different anchor data gateways, a mapping between each of these connections (the number of these connections could be one or multiple) and a second data serving gateway to which its destination node is connected, or a mapping between each of these connections (the number of these connections could be one or multiple) and its corresponding destination node (NC) , which is further described in detail below.
[0475] In an implementation, the first establishment request includes information for identifying the at least one connection (an ID of the at least one connection) .
[0476] In an implementation, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The first establishment request further includes information for identifying the destination node (e.g., an ID of the destination node) . The source node and the destination node are two nodes among the aforementioned plurality of nodes. The first connection may be a connection with its two ends (two NCs including a source NC / node and a destination NC / node) both connected to the first data serving gateway. In an implementation, the forwarding rule indicates a mapping between the first connection and the destination node of the first connection. For example, the forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the first connection may indicate a mapping between the information for identifying the first connection and the information for identifying the destination node. The forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the first connection enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic between the two NCs. For example, the two NCs are NC1 and NC2, the first connection may be from NC1 to NC2 or from NC2 to NC1. When the connection is from NC1 to NC2, the destination node is NC2, and the forwarding rule enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from NC1 to NC2. When the connection is from NC2 to NC1, the destination node is NC1, and the forwarding rule enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from NC2 to NC1. Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first node to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the first connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0477] In an implementation, the at least one connection includes a second connection, and one of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway. The source node and the destination node are two nodes among the aforementioned plurality of nodes. The two ends (two NCs) of the second connection are connected to different data serving gateways. One NC is connected to the first data serving gateway as its anchor data gateway and the other NC is connected to the second data serving gateway as its anchor data gateway.
[0478] In an implementation, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway; the first establishment request further includes information for identifying the second data serving gateway (e.g., an ID of the second data serving gateway) . In an implementation, the forwarding rule indicates a mapping between a second connection among the at least one connection and a second data serving gateway to which the destination node is connected. For example, the forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection may indicate a mapping between the information for identifying the second connection and the information for identifying the second data serving gateway. The forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from the source node to the second data serving gateway. With reference to FIG. 6, for example, the two NCs are NC1 and NC3. The anchor data gateway of NC1 is Data-TW-GW-1 and the anchor data gateway of NC3 is Data-TW-GW-2. The second connection may be from NC1 to NC3. The destination node is NC3. In this case, Data-TW-GW-1 is the first data serving gateway, and Data-TW-GW-2 is the second data serving gateway. Since the destination node of the connection is connected to Data-TW-GW-2, the forwarding rule established at Data-TW-GW-1 enables Data-TW-GW-1 to forward data traffic from NC1 to Data-TW-GW-2.
[0479] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first node to identify the at least one connection and the second data serving gateway, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0480] In an implementation, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway; the first establishment request further includes information for identifying the destination node (e.g., an ID of the destination NC) . In an implementation, the forwarding rule indicates a mapping between a second connection among the at least one connection and a destination node of the second connection. For example, the forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection may indicate a mapping between the information for identifying the second connection and the information for identifying the destination node. The forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from the second data serving gateway to the destination node. With reference to FIG. 6, for example, the two NCs are NC1 and NC3. The anchor data gateway of NC1 is Data-TW-GW-1 and the anchor data gateway of NC3 is Data-TW-GW-2. The second connection may be from NC1 to NC3. The destination node is NC3. In this case, Data-TW-GW-2 is the first data serving gateway, and Data-TW-GW-1 is the second data serving gateway. Since the first data serving gateway is connected to NC3, the forwarding rule established at Data-TW-GW-2 enables Data-TW-GW-2 to forward data traffic from Data-TW-GW-1 to NC3.
[0481] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first node to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0482] It should be noted that in the examples for describing the establishment of forwarding rule for the second connection, when the connection is from NC3 to NC1, the roles of first and second data serving gateways exchange. Data-TW-GW-2 can be taken as the first data serving gateway and configured in a way similar as the configuration of Data-TW-GW-1 for the connection from NC1 to NC3. Data-TW-GW-1 can be taken as the first data serving gateway and configured in a way similar as the configuration of Data-TW-GW-2 for the connection from NC1 to NC3.
[0483] Refer to FIG. 6, it is assumed that data NC1, data NC2 and data NC3 participate in the session through the connection between data NC1 and data NC2, and the connection between data NC1 and data NC3, the plurality of nodes in this example can be data NC1, data NC2 and data NC3. The first data serving gateway can be an anchor data gateway of one of data NC1, NC2 and NC3. For example, the first data serving gateway can be Data-TW-GW-1 (which is the anchor data gateway of NC1 and NC2) or Data-TW-GW-2 (which is the anchor data gateway of NC3) . Forwarding rules need to be established at both Data-TW-GW-1 and Data-TW-GW-2. The establishment procedure may be similar, but the content of the forwarding rule may vary. When the first data serving gateway is Data-TW-GW-1, the at least one connection includes the connection between data NC1 and data NC2 and the connection between data NC1 and data NC3. When the first data serving gateway is Data-TW-GW-2, the at least one connection includes the connection between data NC1 and data NC3. Taking a case where the first data serving gateway is Data-TW-GW-1 as an example, the at least one connection includes a first connection and a second connection. The first connection is between data NC1 and data NC2. In this connection, the anchor data gateway of data NC1 and data NC2 is the same, i.e., Data-TW-GW-1 as shown in FIG. 6. The second connection is between data NC1 and data NC3. In this connection, anchor data gateways of data NC1 and data NC3 are different. As shown in FIG. 6, the anchor data gateway of data NC 1 is Data-TW-GW-1, and the anchor data gateway of data NC 3 is Data-TW-GW-2. For the first connection is from data NC1 to data NC2, the destination node of the first connection is data NC2 and is connected to Data-TW-GW-1. For the second connection from data NC1 to data NC3, the destination node of the second connection is data NC3 to which Data-TW-GW-2 is connected. Data-TW-GW-1 is a specific example of the aforementioned first data serving gateway, and Data-TW-GW-2 is a specific example of the aforementioned second data serving gateway.
[0484] In an implementation, the first establishment request indicates one or more of: the number of connections in the at least one connection (e.g., a total number of the at least one connection) ; quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway. In an implementation, the first establishment request includes one or more of: the number of connections in the at least one connection, the QoS information corresponding to the at least one connection, and information for identifying the first data serving gateway (e.g., an ID of the first data serving gateway) . The QoS information can be a QoS value or QoS index to indicate the QoS requirement for some or all of the at least one connection. Continue with the aforementioned example where data NC1, data NC2 and data NC3 participate in the session, the number of connections in the at least one connection is 2. Inclusion of the number of connections in the at least one connection improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first node. Inclusion of the QoS information ensures that the traffic over the at least one connection is transmitted according to the QoS requirement indicated by the QoS information. Inclusion of the information for identifying the first data serving gateway in the request ensures the reliability of message transmission to the first data serving gateway.
[0485] In an implementation, the forwarding rule may be further related to the number of connections in the at least one connection and / or the QoS information. In an example, the forwarding rule for the first connection further indicates a mapping among the information for identifying the first connection, the information for identifying the destination node, the number of connections in the at least one connection and / or the QoS information corresponding to the first connection. In another example, the forwarding rule for the second connection further indicates a mapping among the information for identifying the second connection, the information for identifying the second data serving gateway, the number of connections in the at least one connection and / or the QoS information corresponding to the second connection.
[0486] Upon receiving the first establishment request, the first node can effectively configure the first data serving gateway to establish the forwarding rule for the session, thereby ensuring that the session can be established to provide the mission service effectively.
[0487] In an implementation, for execution of the method (prior to execution of step S701A) by the first node to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes are already known, and the one or more data serving gateways includes the first data serving gateway. Each of the one or more data serving gateways is an anchor data gateway of one or more nodes among the plurality of nodes. Continue with the aforementioned example where data NC1, data NC2 and data NC3 participate in the session, the plurality of nodes can include data NC1, data NC2 and data NC3, one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes can include Data-TW-GW-1 and Data-TW-GW-2.
[0488] In an implementation, in a case where the first node and the first data serving gateway are in the same BAS domain, the first data serving gateway is controlled and managed by the first node. As a result, the step S702A can be an internal operation in a NET4CON service to which the first node and the first data serving gateway belong. This operation may be exposed to other nodes or kept unexposed. For example, the step S702A includes, the first node determining the first data serving gateway which manages traffic over the at least one connection based on the information for identifying the at least one connection; and configuring / enabling the determined first data serving gateway to establish the forwarding rule.
[0489] In an implementation, in a case where the first node and the first data serving gateway are in different BAS domains, the first node may communicate with a C / M function (which is referred as another node below) of the BAS domain in which the first data serving gateway is located. The first node may then pass required information (e.g. through a message) to this C / M function to achieve configuration of the first data serving gateway. The C / M function in the same BAS domain as the first data serving gateway is responsible for management of connectivity related to the first data serving gateway, as well as operations of the first data serving gateway. For example, the step S702A includes, the first node determining the first data serving gateway which manages traffic over the at least one connection based on the information for identifying the at least one connection, and the first node transmitting a message to another node (C / M function) in the BAS domain where the first data serving gateway is located; then the another node configuring the first data serving gateway based on the received the message. As a result, the first data serving gateway establishes the forwarding rule.
[0490] In an implementation, the step S702A can include: the first node transmitting a message to the first data serving gateway. Correspondingly, the first data serving gateway receives the message from the first node, and establishes the forwarding rule in response to receiving the message. The message is configured to enable establishing the forwarding rule for the session at the first data serving gateway. In the case where the first node and the first data serving gateway are in different BAS domains, the message may be transmitted from the first node to the another node which manages connectivity and operations related to the first data serving gateway. The another node then transmits a message to the first data serving gateway, and the message from the another node to the first data serving gateway may be the same as the message received by the another node from the first node. By transmitting the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway can effectively establish the forwarding rule.
[0491] In an implementation, the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway includes information for identifying the at least one connection (e.g. an ID of the at least one connection) . Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule.
[0492] In an implementation, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The first establishment request further includes information for identifying the destination node (e.g., an ID of the destination node) . The source node and the destination node are two nodes among the aforementioned plurality of nodes. The first connection may be a connection with its two ends (two NCs including a source NC / node and a destination NC / node) both connected to the first data serving gateway. In an implementation, the forwarding rule indicates a mapping between the first connection and the destination node of the first connection. For example, the forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the first connection may indicate a mapping between the information for identifying the first connection and the information for identifying the destination node. The forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the first connection enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic between the two NCs. For example, the two NCs are NC1 and NC2, the first connection may be from NC1 to NC2 or from NC2 to NC1. When the connection is from NC1 to NC2, the destination node is NC2, and the forwarding rule enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from NC1 to NC2. When the connection is from NC2 to NC1, the destination node is NC1, and the forwarding rule enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from NC2 to NC1. Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the first connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0493] In an implementation, the at least one connection includes a second connection, and one of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway. The source node and the destination node are two nodes among the aforementioned plurality of nodes. The two ends (two NCs) of the second connection are connected to different data serving gateways. One NC is connected to the first data serving gateway as its anchor data gateway and the other NC is connected to the second data serving gateway as its anchor data gateway.
[0494] In an implementation, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway; the first establishment request further includes information for identifying the second data serving gateway (e.g., an ID of the second data serving gateway) . In an implementation, the forwarding rule indicates a mapping between a second connection among the at least one connection and a second data serving gateway to which the destination node is connected. For example, the forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection may indicate a mapping between the information for identifying the second connection and the information for identifying the second data serving gateway. The forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from the source node to the second data serving gateway. With reference to FIG. 6, for example, the two NCs are NC1 and NC3. The anchor data gateway of NC1 is Data-TW-GW-1 and the anchor data gateway of NC3 is Data-TW-GW-2. The second connection may be from NC1 to NC3. The destination node is NC3. In this case, Data-TW-GW-1 is the first data serving gateway, and Data-TW-GW-2 is the second data serving gateway. Since the destination node of the connection is connected to Data-TW-GW-2, the forwarding rule established at Data-TW-GW-1 enables Data-TW-GW-1 to forward data traffic from NC1 to Data-TW-GW-2.
[0495] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the second data serving gateway, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0496] In an implementation, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway; the first establishment request further includes information for identifying the destination node (e.g., an ID of the destination NC) . In an implementation, the forwarding rule indicates a mapping between a second connection among the at least one connection and a destination node of the second connection. For example, the forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection may indicate a mapping between the information for identifying the second connection and the information for identifying the destination node. The forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from the second data serving gateway to the destination node. With reference to FIG. 6, for example, the two NCs are NC1 and NC3. The anchor data gateway of NC1 is Data-TW-GW-1 and the anchor data gateway of NC3 is Data-TW-GW-2. The second connection may be from NC1 to NC3. The destination node is NC3. In this case, Data-TW-GW-2 is the first data serving gateway, and Data-TW-GW-1 is the second data serving gateway. Since the first data serving gateway is connected to NC3, the forwarding rule established at Data-TW-GW-2 enables Data-TW-GW-2 to forward data traffic from Data-TW-GW-1 to NC3.
[0497] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0498] In an implementation, the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway indicates one or more of: the number of connections in the at least one connection (e.g., a total number of the at least one connection) ; quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway. In an implementation, the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway includes one or more of: the number of connections in the at least one connection, the QoS information corresponding to the at least one connection, and information for identifying the first data serving gateway (e.g., an ID of the first data serving gateway) . The QoS information can be a QoS value or QoS index to indicate the QoS requirement for some or all of the at least one connection. Inclusion of the number of connections in the at least one connection improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first data serving gateway. Inclusion of the QoS information ensures that the traffic over the at least one connection is transmitted according to the QoS requirement indicated by the QoS information. Inclusion of the information for identifying the first data serving gateway in the message ensures the reliability of message transmission to the first data serving gateway.
[0499] In an implementation, the reception step S701A and the enabling step S702A constitute an action to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service (which is also referred to as first establishment service herein) provided by the first node for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node. In an implementation, the second node provides autonomous programming services. The first node is configured to perform the action including the reception and the enabling, so as to improve the efficiency of establishment of the forwarding rule and realize the automation of establishment of the forwarding rule.
[0500] In an implementation, the first establishment request can identify the action. For example, the first establishment request further includes information for identifying the action, e.g., an ID of the action, and the first node is triggered to perform the action based on the ID of the action. When the first node receives the first establishment request which includes the ID of the action, the first node has the knowledge that the first establishment request includes a request to establish the forwarding rule for the session. From a perspective of network elements (e.g., a C / M function and gateways) included in the NET4CON service, different network elements in a BAS domain may be capable of providing their own actions as one network element, and the first node may be capable of providing different actions. It is possible to assign different IDs for actions provided by all network elements in the BAS domain. In this case, IDs of actions provided by all network elements in the domain may be different. It is also possible to assign different IDs for actions of one network element. In this case, actions of different network elements may have the same IDs. From a perspective of an NC (e.g., the NET4CON service) , different NCs may be capable of providing their own actions as one NC. For example, the NET4CON may be capable of providing different actions. It is possible to assign different IDs for actions provided by all NCs in the system. In this case, IDs of actions provided by all NCs in the system may be different. It is also possible to assign different IDs for the actions of one NC. In this case, actions of different NCs may have the same IDs. By including the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0501] In an implementation, after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0502] In an implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the action “establishment of forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session” is implemented by calling the Data-TW-GW (first data serving gateway) , the present disclosure provides a method applied to the first data serving gateway to implement the action. FIG. 7B shows a schematic flowchart of a method to establish a forwarding rule according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The flowchart is representative of the execution of the action by the first data serving gateway. For the detailed definitions of the data mission, the session, the first data serving gateway, the second data serving gateway, the second node, the plurality of nodes, the at least one connection (first connection and / or second connection) and the forwarding rule in this embodiment, reference may be made to related description in FIG. 7A. The method illustrated in FIG. 7B is applied at the first data serving gateway and includes the following steps:
[0503] At step S701B, the method includes receiving a second establishment request from a second node.
[0504] At step S702B, the method includes, in response to receiving the second establishment request, establishing a forwarding rule.
[0505] The second establishment request includes a request to establish the forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, and the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. The forwarding rule is a connection-level forwarding rule, so as to ensure that the traffic over the connection can be correctly forwarded by the first data serving gateway.
[0506] In an implementation, the second establishment request includes information for identifying the at least one connection (an ID of the at least one connection) .
[0507] In an implementation, the at least one connection includes a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway. The first establishment request further includes information for identifying the destination node (e.g., an ID of the destination node) . The source node and the destination node are two nodes among the aforementioned plurality of nodes. The first connection may be a connection with its two ends (two NCs including a source NC / node and a destination NC / node) both connected to the first data serving gateway. In an implementation, the forwarding rule indicates a mapping between the first connection and the destination node of the first connection. For example, the forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the first connection may indicate a mapping between the information for identifying the first connection and the information for identifying the destination node. The forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the first connection enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic between the two NCs. For example, the two NCs are NC1 and NC2, the first connection may be from NC1 to NC2 or from NC2 to NC1. When the connection is from NC1 to NC2, the destination node is NC2, and the forwarding rule enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from NC1 to NC2. When the connection is from NC2 to NC1, the destination node is NC1, and the forwarding rule enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from NC2 to NC1. Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the first connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0508] In an implementation, the at least one connection includes a second connection, and one of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway. The second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway. The source node and the destination node are two nodes among the aforementioned plurality of nodes. The two ends (two NCs) of the second connection are connected to different data serving gateways. One NC is connected to the first data serving gateway as its anchor data gateway and the other NC is connected to the second data serving gateway as its anchor data gateway.
[0509] In an implementation, the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway; the first establishment request further includes information for identifying the second data serving gateway (e.g., an ID of the second data serving gateway) . In an implementation, the forwarding rule indicates a mapping between a second connection among the at least one connection and a second data serving gateway to which the destination node is connected. For example, the forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection may indicate a mapping between the information for identifying the second connection and the information for identifying the second data serving gateway. The forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from the source node to the second data serving gateway. With reference to FIG. 6, for example, the two NCs are NC1 and NC3. The anchor data gateway of NC1 is Data-TW-GW-1 and the anchor data gateway of NC3 is Data-TW-GW-2. The second connection may be from NC1 to NC3. The destination node is NC3. In this case, Data-TW-GW-1 is the first data serving gateway, and Data-TW-GW-2 is the second data serving gateway. Since the destination node of the connection is connected to Data-TW-GW-2, the forwarding rule established at Data-TW-GW-1 enables Data-TW-GW-1 to forward data traffic from NC1 to Data-TW-GW-2. Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the at least one connection and the second data serving gateway, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0510] In an implementation, the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway; the first establishment request further includes information for identifying the destination node (e.g., an ID of the destination NC) . In an implementation, the forwarding rule indicates a mapping between a second connection among the at least one connection and a destination node of the second connection. For example, the forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection may indicate a mapping between the information for identifying the second connection and the information for identifying the destination node. The forwarding rule established at the first data serving gateway for the second connection enables the first data serving gateway to forward data traffic from the second data serving gateway to the destination node. With reference to FIG. 6, for example, the two NCs are NC1 and NC3. The anchor data gateway of NC1 is Data-TW-GW-1 and the anchor data gateway of NC3 is Data-TW-GW-2. The second connection may be from NC1 to NC3. The destination node is NC3. In this case, Data-TW-GW-2 is the first data serving gateway, and Data-TW-GW-1 is the second data serving gateway. Since the first data serving gateway is connected to NC3, the forwarding rule established at Data-TW-GW-2 enables Data-TW-GW-2 to forward data traffic from Data-TW-GW-1 to NC3.
[0511] Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first node to identify the at least one connection and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the forwarding rule for the second connection at the first data serving gateway.
[0512] In an implementation, the second establishment request indicates one or more of: the number of connections in the at least one connection (e.g., a total number of the at least one connection) ; quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; and information for identifying the first data serving gateway. In an implementation, the second establishment request includes one or more of: the number of connections in the at least one connection, the QoS information corresponding to the at least one connection, and information for identifying the first data serving gateway (e.g., an ID of the first data serving gateway) . Inclusion of the number of connections in the at least one connection improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first data serving gateway. Inclusion of the QoS information ensures that the traffic over the at least one connection is transmitted according to the QoS requirement indicated by the QoS information. Inclusion of the information for identifying the first data serving gateway in the message ensures the reliability of message transmission to the first data serving gateway.
[0513] Upon receiving the second establishment request, the first data serving gateway can effectively establish the forwarding rule for the session, thereby ensuring that the session can be establish to provide the mission service effectively.
[0514] In an implementation, for execution of the method (prior to execution of step S701B) by the first data serving gateway to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes are already known, and the one or more data serving gateways includes the first data serving gateway.
[0515] In an implementation, the reception step S701B and the establishment step S702B constitute an action to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service (which is also referred to as second establishment service herein) provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node. In an implementation, the second node provides autonomous programming services. The first data serving gateway is configured to perform the action including the reception and the establishment, so as to improve the efficiency of establishment of the forwarding rule and realize the automation of establishment of the forwarding rule.
[0516] In an implementation, the second establishment request can identify the action. For example, the second establishment request further includes information for identifying the action, e.g., an ID of the action, and the first data serving gateway is triggered to perform the action based on the ID of the action. When the first data serving gateway receives the second establishment request which includes the ID of the action, the first data serving gateway has the knowledge that the second establishment request includes a request to establish the forwarding rule for the session. For the implementation details of ID of the action, reference can be made to the related description with respect to FIG. 7A. By including the identification information for the action in the request, the first data serving gateway can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0517] In an implementation, after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0518] For the action “establishment of forwarding rule” at the Data-TW-GW for the mission session performed by either the first node or the first data serving gateway, the NCDL of the action includes the following:Name of the action: Establishment of forwarding rule.Pre-condition of the action: The one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes are already known.Post-condition of the action: The forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.One or more parameters related to the action: Input parameters such as the information for identifying the at least one connection, the information for identifying the destination node, the information for identifying the second data serving gateway and optional the number of connections in the at least one connection, the QoS information corresponding to the at least one connection, and the information for identifying the first data serving gateway.
[0519] The following is an example NCDL of the action “establishment of forwarding rule” , which could be implemented by calling the first node or the first data serving gateway.
[0520] Name of the action: Establishment of forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a data mission session (which is a specific example of the aforementioned session associated with the data mission, and can also be referred to as data plane mission session or mission session below) .
[0521] Purpose of the action: The purpose of this action is for the Data-TW-GW to establish a forwarding rule for the data plane mission session if the Data-TW-GW is an anchor Data-TW-GW of one or multiple NCs (entities) that participate in the data mission session. The one or more multiple NCs (entities) are specific examples of the aforementioned plurality of nodes.
[0522] Pre-condition of the action: Anchor Data-TW-GW (s) of the one or more NCs (entities) that participates in the mission session is known. The anchor Data-TW-GW (s) of the one or more NCs (entities) is a specific example of the aforementioned one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes. Note that an anchor Data-TW-GW is a GW that the NC (entity) has established a transport layer security (TLS) connection with.
[0523] Post-condition of the action: The forwarding rule established at an anchor Data-TW-GW of NC (s) (which is a specific example of the aforementioned first data serving gateway) . This anchor Data-TW-GW of NC (s) can be any one of the aforementioned anchor Data-TW-GW (s) .
[0524] Table 1 shows parameters related to the NCDL of the action “establishment of forwarding rule at the Data-TW-GW for the mission session” . Table 1
[0525] The parameters shown in Table 1 represent different capability dimensions for the action “establishment of forwarding rule at the Data-TW-GW for the mission session” . The capability dimensions can include input dimensions, in which the input dimensions are used to indicate required input information for the execution of the action. Definitions of the capability dimensions are as follows:·Number of CIDs (which is a specific example of the aforementioned number of connections in the at least one connection) : The number of connection ID (s) for which the Data-TW-GW should establish the forwarding rule. There should be one or multiple CID ID fields. The CIDs can be the specific example of the aforementioned information for identifying the at least one connection.·Connection ID: CID-1, 2, KKK (which are specific examples of the aforementioned at least one connection) : One-way Connection ID. In this example, there are KKK connections. That is, the number of connections in the at least one connection is KKK.·Destination NC ID: ID of a destination NC of a connection for a given CID. This element is set as ID (e.g., XXX) if the Data-TW-GW is also the anchor Data-TW-GW of the destination NC; otherwise it is set as NA. The destination NC ID is a specific example of the aforementioned information for identifying the first connection. The connection associated with the destination NC ID is a first connection as mentioned above, and the destination NC ID is set for this first connection. For example, CID-1 is used for identifying the connection from NC1 to NC2, the destination NC ID is thus ID of NC2, the forwarding rule includes a mapping between the CID-1 and ID of NC2, the Data-TW-GW can thus forward traffic from NC1 to NC2 based on this forwarding rule.·Destination anchor Data-TW-GW ID: ID of an anchor Data-TW-GW of the destination NC for the given CID. This element is set as ID (e.g., YYY) of the anchor Data-TW-GW of the destination NC, if the anchor Data-TW-GW is a different GW;otherwise this element is set to NA. The anchor Data-TW-GW of the destination NC is a specific example of the aforementioned second data serving gateway. The connection associated with the Destination anchor Data-TW-GW ID is a second connection as mentioned above, and the Destination anchor Data-TW-GW ID is set for this second connection. For example, CID-2 is used for identifying the connection from NC1 to NC2, the anchor Data-TW-GW of NC1 is Data-TW-GW-1, the anchor Data-TW-GW of NC2 is Data-TW-GW-2. For the forwarding rule established at Data-TW-GW-1, the destination anchor Data-TW-GW ID thus is ID of Data-TW-GW-2. This forwarding rule includes a mapping between the CID-2 and ID of Data-TW-GW-2, the Data-TW-GW-1 can thus forward traffic from NC1 to Data-TW-GW-2 based on this forwarding rule.·QoS (which is a specific example of the aforementioned QoS information corresponding to the at least one connection) : QoS value associated with each connection. The element can be set either as QoS value or QoS index.·Note that the dimensions “Destination NC ID” and “Destination anchor Data-TW-GW ID” shouldn’t be set as NA or set as valid IDs for a CID. It means that for a connection if one of them is set as a valid number (ID) , the other dimension must be set as NA.
[0526] Use of this NCDL:·This NCDL may be subscribed to by an automatic network capability programming (A-CAP) and other NCs (which are specific examples of the aforementioned second node) . The A-CAP can provide autonomous programming services. The A-CAP can also be referred to as the aforementioned MM service with respect to FIG. 1.·This action is called when the Data-TW-GW is anchor Data-TW-GW of the one or more NCs that participate in the execution of the mission session.·This action can be called by the A-CAP or via a NET4CON C / M function (which is a specific example of the aforementioned first node) .·The effect of this action is that the Data-TW-GW establishes the forwarding rule,-Assuming that the Data-TW-GW is an anchor Data-TW-GW of NC-XXX and NC-YYY, and a connection (CID-NNN) from NC-XXX to NC-YYY needs to be established:-For received packets with CID-NNN, forward to destination NC-YYY. This example shows the case where the forwarding rule is established at the first data serving gateway for the aforementioned first connection.-Assuming that the Data-TW-GW is the anchor Data-TW-GW of NC-XXX and Data-TW-GW (ZZZ) is an anchor Data-TW-GW of NC-YYY, and a connection (CID-NNN) from NC-XXX to NC-YYY needs to be established:-For received packets with CID-NNN, forward to destination Data-TW-GW (ZZZ) . This example shows the case where the forwarding rule is established at the first data serving gateway (anchor Data-TW-GW of NC-XXX) for the aforementioned second connection. The destination node NC-YYY of the second connection is connected to its anchor gateway, which is a specific example of the second data serving gateway.
[0527] FIG. 8 shows a schematic flowchart of an example method including the method shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B. In the procedure of FIG. 8, three connections are assumed: NC1 and NC2, NC2 and NC3, NC1 and NC3. These NCs are in two NET4CON domains and associated with their respective Data-TW-GWs. NC 1 and NC 3 are in NET4CON-1 domain, and NC2 is in NET4CON-2 domain. NC 1 and NC 3 have the same anchor data gateway (Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC1 and NC3 as shown in FIG. 8) . In this example, Internet Protocol (IP) address of a device is assumed available which can be assigned by CONET-IDM, A-CAP. The NET4CON actions may include one or more of the following: an action “Establishment of forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session” shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, an action “Mission execution status update” , and an action “Execution of a data mission session” .
[0528] As shown in FIG. 8, the mission session involves NC1, NC2 and NC 3, the example includes the following steps.
[0529] Step 1: Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC1 and NC3, as the aforementioned first data serving gateway, is called for the action “establishment of forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session” .
[0530] Step 2: Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC1 and NC3 executes the action to establish a forwarding rule for connections between NC1 and NC3, between NC2 and NC3, and between NC1 and NC2. The connections are specific examples of the aforementioned at least one connection. The connection between NC1 and NC3 is established via their common anchor Data-TW-GW. The connection between NC2 and NC3 is established via their corresponding anchor Data-TW-GWs. The connection between NC1 and NC2 is established via their corresponding anchor Data-TW-GWs. The three connection are all through the first data serving gateway (Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC1 and NC3) .
[0531] Step 3: Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC1 and NC3 reports execution status of the operation of the establishment of the forwarding rule to other NC (for example, A-CAP) which has subscribed to the action “establishment of forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session” of NET4CON-1 or Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC1 and NC3, and the execution status indicates that the operation is successful.
[0532] Step 4: Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC2, as the aforementioned first data serving gateway, is called for the action “establishment of forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session” .
[0533] Step 5: Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC2 executes the action to establish a forwarding rule for connections between NC2 and NC3 and between NC1 and NC2. The connections are specific examples of the aforementioned at least one connection. The connection between NC2 and NC3 is established via their corresponding anchor Data-TW-GWs. The connection between NC1 and NC2 is established via their corresponding anchor Data-TW-GWs. The two connection are all through the first data serving gateway (Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC2) .
[0534] Step 6: Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC2 reports execution status of the operation of the establishment of the forwarding rule to other NC (for example, A-CAP) which has subscribed to the action “establishment of forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session” of NET4CON-2 or Anchor Data-TW-GW of NC2, and the execution status indicates that the operation is successful.
[0535] It should be noted that the execution of Steps 1 to 3 and Steps 4 to 6 can be reversed, permuted, or performed substantially concurrently, provided that such variation does not compromise the functionality of the method.
[0536] Each first data serving gateway establishes its forwarding rule for each at least one connection that is through the first data serving gateway. As a result, the at least one connection for each first data serving gateway is established to support the mission session.
[0537] In an implementation of the present disclosure, the action is to remove a forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session. Each action includes a unique action name for facilitating other NCs to subscribe to the action. For example, the action name can be “removal of forwarding rule” , “first removal service” , or “second removal service” . The action could be implemented by calling the Data-TW-GW (which is also referred to as first data serving gateway below) or a C / M function (which is also referred to as first node below) in a BAS domain. The C / M function can be in the same BAS domain where the Data-TW-GW is located or in a BAS domain different from the BAS domain where the Data-TW-GW is located. In an implementation, this action may be called when a mission session has been completed. This particular action is a Type 2 action as it involves an NCDL input.
[0538] In an implementation of the present disclosure, in a case where the action is implemented by calling the C / M function (first node) , the present disclosure provides a method applied to the first node to implement the action. FIG. 9A shows a schematic flowchart of a method to remove a forwarding rule according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The flowchart is representative of the execution of the action by the first node. For the detailed definitions of the data mission, the session, the first data serving gateway, the second data serving gateway, the first node, the second node, the plurality of nodes, the at least one connection (first connection and / or second connection) and the forwarding rule in this embodiment, reference may be made to related description in FIG. 7A. The method illustrated in FIG. 9A is applied at the first node and includes the following steps:
[0539] At step S901A, the method includes receiving a first removal request from a second node.
[0540] The first removal request includes a request to remove a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection.
[0541] In an implementation, the forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication among the plurality of nodes over the at least connection on a data plane.
[0542] In an implementation, for execution of the method (prior to execution of step S901A) to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed. For example, the completion of the session can be indicated by the absence of traffic transmission on the session.
[0543] In an implementation, the first removal request includes information for identifying the at least one connection. For example, the information for identifying each of the at least one connection may uniquely identify entities on each of the at least one connection. As described with reference to FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, if the connection is a first connection, the entities includes a source node, a destination node and the first data serving gateway connected to both the source node and the destination node. In this case, the forwarding rule has to be removed from the first data serving gateway. If the connection is a second connection, the entities further include the second data serving gateway connected to the first data serving gateway. One of the source node and the destination node is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to the second data serving gateway. In this case, the forwarding rule has to be removed from the first data serving gateway and the second data serving gateway. Based on the information for identifying the at least one connection in the first removal request, the first node can determine the first data serving gateway, which enables the first node to identify a data serving gateway for which the forwarding rule should be removed.
[0544] In an implementation, the first removal request indicates the number of connections in the at least one connection (e.g., a total number of the at least one connection) . For example, the first removal request includes the number of connections in the at least one connection. Inclusion of the aforementioned information improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first node.
[0545] In an implementation, the method further includes the following steps.
[0546] At step S902A, the method includes, in response to receiving the first removal request, enabling a first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule. The at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway. Upon receiving the first removal request, the first node enables the first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule. In an implementation, the forwarding rule may indicate a mapping between a first connection among the at least one connection and a destination node of the first connection. In an implementation, the forwarding rule may indicate a mapping between a second connection among the at least one connection and a second data serving gateway to which the destination node is connected. In an implementation, the forwarding rule may indicate a mapping between a second connection among the at least one connection and a destination node of the second connection. In an implementation, the forwarding rule may be further related to the number of connections in the at least one connection and / or the QoS information. In an example, the forwarding rule for the first connection further indicates a mapping among the information for identifying the first connection, the information for identifying the destination node, the number of connections in the at least one connection and / or the QoS information. In another example, the forwarding rule for the second connection further indicates a mapping among the information for identifying the second connection, the information for identifying the second data serving gateway, the number of connections in the at least one connection and / or the QoS information. In another example, the forwarding rule for the second connection further indicates a mapping among the information for identifying the second connection, the information for identifying the destination node, the number of connections in the at least one connection and / or the QoS information.
[0547] Upon receiving the first removal request, the first node can effectively enable the first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule when the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed, thereby saving the network overhead.
[0548] In an implementation, in a case where the first node and the first data serving gateway are in the same BAS domain, the first data serving gateway is controlled and managed by the first node. As a result, the step S902A can be an internal operation in a NET4CON service to which the first node and the first data serving gateway belong. This operation may be exposed to other nodes or kept unexposed. For example, the step S902 includes, the first node determining the first data serving gateway which manages traffic over the at least one connection based on the information for identifying the at least one connection; and configuring / enabling the determined first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule.
[0549] In an implementation, in a case where the first node and the first data serving gateway are in different BAS domains, the first node may communicate with a C / M function (which is referred as another node below) of the BAS domain in which the first data serving gateway is located. The first node may then pass required information (e.g. through a message) to this C / M function to achieve configuration of the first data serving gateway. The C / M function in the same BAS domain as the first data serving gateway is responsible for management of connectivity related to the first data serving gateway, as well as operations of the first data serving gateway. For example, the step S902A includes, the first node determining the first data serving gateway which manages traffic over the at least one connection based on the information for identifying the at least one connection, and the first node transmitting a message to another node (C / M function) in the BAS domain where the first data serving gateway is located; then the another node configuring the first data serving gateway based on the received the message. As a result, the first data serving gateway removes the forwarding rule.
[0550] In an implementation, the step S902A can include: the first node transmitting a message to the first data serving gateway. Correspondingly, the first data serving gateway receives the message from the first node, and removes the forwarding rule in response to receiving the message. The message is configured to enable removing the forwarding rule for the data mission session at the first data serving gateway. In the case where the first node and the first data serving gateway are in different BAS domains, the message may be transmitted from the first node to the another node which manages connectivity related to the first data serving gateway. The another node then transmits a message to the first data serving gateway, and the message from the another node to the first data serving gateway may be the same as the message received by the another node from the first node. By transmitting the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway can effectively remove the forwarding rule when the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed, thereby saving the network overhead.
[0551] In an implementation, the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway includes information for identifying the at least one connection. For example, the information for identifying each of the at least one connection is an ID of each of the at least one connection. By including the information for identifying the at least one connection, the first data serving gateway can quickly identify the connection whose forwarding rule needs to be removed.
[0552] In an implementation, the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway indicates the number of connections in the at least one connection. For example, the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway includes the number of connections in the at least one connection (e.g., a total number of the at least one connection) . Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the number of connections in the at least one connection more efficiently.
[0553] In an implementation, the reception step S901A and the enabling step S902A constitute an action to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service (which is also referred to as first removal service herein) provided by the first node for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node. In an implementation, the second node provides autonomous programming services. The first node is configured to perform the action including the reception and the enabling, so as to improve the efficiency of removal of the forwarding rule and realize the automation of removal of the forwarding rule.
[0554] In an implementation, the first removal request can identify the action. For example, the first removal request further includes information for identifying the action, e.g., an ID of the action, and the first node is triggered to perform the action based on the ID of the action. When the first node receives the first removal request which includes the ID of the action, the first node has the knowledge that the first removal request includes a request to remove the forwarding rule for the session. For the implementation details of ID of the action, reference can be made to the related description with respect to FIG. 7A. By including the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0555] In an implementation, after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.
[0556] In an implementation of the present disclosure, in a case where the action “removal of forwarding rule at a Data-TW-GW for a mission session” is implemented by calling the Data-TW-GW (which is also referred to as first data serving gateway below) , the present disclosure provides a method applied to the first data serving gateway to implement the action. FIG. 9B shows a schematic flowchart of a method to remove a forwarding rule according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The flowchart is representative of the execution of the action by the first data serving gateway. For the detailed definitions of the data mission, the session, the first data serving gateway, the second data serving gateway, the first node, the second node, the plurality of nodes, the at least one connection (first connection and / or second connection) and the forwarding rule in this embodiment, reference may be made to related description in FIG. 7A. The method illustrated in FIG. 9B is applied at the first data serving gateway and includes the following steps:
[0557] At step S901B, the method includes receiving a second removal request from a second node.
[0558] At step S902B, the method includes, in response to receiving the second removal request, removing a forwarding rule.
[0559] The second removal request includes a request to remove a forwarding rule for the session, and the session exists between a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway.
[0560] In an implementation, the second removal request includes information for identifying the at least one connection. For example, the information for identifying each of the at least one connection may uniquely identify entities on each of the at least one connection. As described with reference to FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, if the connection is a first connection, the entities includes a source node, a destination node and the first data serving gateway connected to both the source node and the destination node. In this case, the forwarding rule has to be removed from the first data serving gateway. If the connection is a second connection, the entities further include the second data serving gateway connected to the first data serving gateway. One of the source node and the destination node is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to the second data serving gateway. In this case, the forwarding rule has to be removed from the first data serving gateway and the second data serving gateway. By including the information for identifying the at least one connection, the first data serving gateway can quickly identify the connection whose forwarding rule needs to be removed.
[0561] In an implementation, the second removal request indicates the number of connections in the at least one connection. For example, the second removal request includes the number of connections in the at least one connection. Inclusion of the aforementioned information improves the accuracy of identifying the at least one connection by the first data serving gateway.
[0562] Upon receiving the second removal request, the first data serving gateway can effectively remove the forwarding rule when the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed, thereby saving the network overhead.
[0563] In an implementation, for execution of the method (prior to execution of step S901B) by the first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed. For example, the completion of the session can be indicated by the absence of traffic transmission on the session.
[0564] In an implementation, the reception step S901B and the removal step S902B constitute an action to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service (which is also referred to as second removal service herein) provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node. In an implementation, the second node provides autonomous programming services. The first data serving gateway is configured to perform the action including the reception and the removal, so as to improve the efficiency of removal of the forwarding rule and realize the automation of removal of the forwarding rule.
[0565] In an implementation, the second removal request can identify the action. For example, the second removal request further includes information for identifying the action, e.g., an ID of the action, and the first data serving gateway is triggered to perform the action based on the ID of the action. When the first data serving gateway receives the second removal request which includes the ID of the action, the first data serving gateway has the knowledge that the second removal request includes a request to remove the forwarding rule for the session. For the implementation details of ID of the action, reference can be made to the related description with respect to FIG. 7A. By including the identification information for the action in the request, the first data serving gateway can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0566] In an implementation, after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.
[0567] For the action, “removal of forwarding rule” at the Data-TW-GW for the mission session performed by either the first node or the first data serving gateway, the NCDL of the action includes the following:Name of the action: Removal of forwarding rule.Pre-condition of the action: The session supported by the at least one connection has been completed.Post-condition of the action: The forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.One or more parameters related to the action: Input parameters such as the information for identifying the at least one connection, and the number of connections in the at least one connection.
[0568] The following is an example NCDL of the action “removal of forwarding rule” , which could be implemented by calling the first node or the first data serving gateway.
[0569] Name of the action: Removal of Forwarding Rule at a Data-TW-GW for a data mission session (which is a specific example of the aforementioned session associated with the data mission, and can also be referred to as data plane mission session or mission session below) .
[0570] Purpose of the action: The purpose of this action is for the Data-TW-GW to remove an established forwarding rule for the mission session. Note that such connections (which are specific example of the aforementioned at least one connection) could be reused by multiple mission sessions if their QoS requirements are the same.
[0571] Pre-condition of the action: The data mission session that was supported by established connections is completed.
[0572] Post-condition: The forwarding rule for the mission session has been removed at the Data-TW-GW (which is a specific example of the aforementioned first data serving gateway) .
[0573] Table 2 shows parameters related to the NCDL of the action “removal of forwarding rule at the Data-TW-GW” . Table 2
[0574] The parameters shown in Table 2 represent different capability dimensions for the action “removal of forwarding rule at the Data-TW-GW” . The capability dimensions can include input dimensions, in which the input dimensions are used to indicate required input information for the execution of the action. Definitions of the capability dimensions are as follows:·Number of CIDs (which is a specific example of the aforementioned number of connections in the at least one connection) : The number of the connection ID (s) that should be removed. In this example, there are KKK connections.·CID: Connection ID for which the forwarding rule should be removed.
[0575] Use of this NCDL:·This NCDL may be subscribed by the A-CAP.·This action can be called by the A-CAP or via a NET4CON C / M function (which is a specific example of the aforementioned first node) .·The effect of this action is that the forwarding rule is removed from the Data-TW-GW for each CIDs indicated.
[0576] In an implementation of the present disclosure, the action is to redirect incoming traffic which is targeted to the device. The device can be a wireless device / entity or wireline device / entity. Each action includes a unique action name for facilitating other NCs to subscribe to the action. For example, the action name can be “redirection of incoming traffic” or “redirection service” . The action could be implemented by calling an external Data-TW-GW (which is also referred to as first data serving gateway below) or a C / M function (which is also referred to as first node below) in a BAS domain. The C / M function can be in the same BAS domain where the external Data-TW-GW (Ext-Data-TW-GW) is located or in a BAS domain different from the BAS domain where the external Data-TW-GW (Ext-Data-TW-GW) is located. FIG. 10A shows a schematic flowchart of a method to redirect incoming traffic according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, which is for managing network connections. The flowchart is representative of the execution of the action by the first node. The method illustrated in FIG. 10A is applied at the first node and includes the following steps:
[0577] At step S1001A, the method includes receiving a third establishment request from a device.
[0578] At step S1002A, the method includes, in response to receiving the third establishment request, enabling a first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule.
[0579] In an implementation, the first node can be a C / M function of a NET4CON service in a BAS domain.
[0580] The third establishment request includes a request to establish a redirection rule. The redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic. The incoming traffic is from a source node and targeted to the device. In an implementation, the device can be a wireless device or a wireline device.
[0581] The redirection rule is configured to enable the incoming traffic which was intended to be sent to the device to be redirected to the destination node. The first node enables the first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule, thereby ensuring that the incoming traffic no longer goes to the device. Instead, the incoming traffic would be sent to the destination node based on the redirection rule.
[0582] The first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node. The first data serving gateway may or may not be the anchor data gateway of the source node. The first data serving gateway may or may not be the anchor data gateway of the destination node.
[0583] The first data serving gateway may or may not be the data serving gateway of the device. When the first data serving gateway is not the data serving gateway of the device, it can be connected to the data serving gateway of the device.
[0584] In an implementation, the first data serving gateway can be an external Data-TW-GW of the device. The external Data-TW-GW has a device-Ext connection (the aforementioned type 2 connection) with the device. The device-Ext connection is a logical connection between the device and the external Data-TW-GW which has connection with an external network on a data plane.
[0585] The source node can also be an entity in the external network. The external Data-TW-GW is connected to the source node, so that the traffic originated from the source node can be forwarded to an NC (e.g., the destination node) in the system.
[0586] The destination node can be an NC inside the system or an entity outside the system. This system includes the device, the first node and the first data serving gateway.
[0587] In an implementation, the destination node is in the aforementioned system which includes the device, the first node and the first data serving gateway. The first data serving gateway can be connected to the destination node in different ways.
[0588] In an example, the first data serving gateway is connected to the destination node and acts as the anchor data gateway of the destination node. The redirection rule at the first data serving gateway ensures that the incoming traffic from the source node is forwarded to the destination node.
[0589] In another example, the first data serving gateway is connected to the destination node via a second data serving gateway of the destination node. This second data serving gateway acts as the anchor gateway of the destination node (anchor Data-TW-GW to which the destination node is connected) . That is, the first data serving gateway is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the second data serving gateway is connected to the destination node. In this case, the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway ensures that the incoming traffic from the source node is forwarded to the second data serving gateway of the destination node. The second data serving gateway then forwards the incoming traffic to the destination node.
[0590] When the destination node is in the aforementioned system, the destination node can be an NC in the system. For example, the destination node can be a digital user (D-user) created in the NET4DW at the C / M layer of FIG. 1. The D-User is a representative of a physical user who uses the device, so the digital user can then handle events on behalf of the physical user, such intelligent setting would reduce the handling pressure of the physical user.
[0591] In an implementation, the destination node is outside the aforementioned system. That is, the destination node is an entity in the external network. The destination node and the source node are both in the external network. The traffic can be sent to the destination node via a reachable address of the destination node in the external network, e.g., a public IP address in the external network for the destination node.
[0592] In an example, the redirection rule is configured to redirect the incoming traffic from the source node to the destination node. The first data serving gateway may act as the Ext-Data-TW-GW of the destination node, so the connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node is an NC-external connection (the aforementioned type 4 connection) . When the first data serving gateway is not the anchor data gateway of the destination node, the first data serving gateway can be connected to the anchor data gateway of the destination node, which is connected to the destination node. Based on the redirection rule, the first data serving gateway can forward the incoming traffic to the destination node.
[0593] In another example, the first data serving gateway can forward the incoming traffic to the destination node via a node within the same system as the device. This node may or may not be in the same BAS domain as the destination node. The first data serving gateway forwards the incoming traffic to this node (via the anchor data gateway of this node if the first data serving gateway is not the anchor data gateway of this node) , and then this node forwards the traffic to the destination node via an external connection between the node and the destination node. In an implementation, the node within the same system as the device can be the D-User or other NC shown in FIG. 1. Prior to execution of the method, the external connection between the node and the destination node has been established. For example, the node within the same system is connected to its anchor data gateway. The anchor data gateway of this node is connected to an external gateway. The external gateway is connected to the destination node. In this way, the external connection between this node and the external gateway is established. The external gateway can be a data gateway. Any two or more of the first data serving gateway, the anchor data gateway of this node, and the external gateway may be the same gateway. Upon receiving the incoming traffic, the node within the same system as the device may or may not process the incoming traffic. Therefore, the traffic sent to the destination node may be the aforementioned incoming traffic or processed incoming traffic.
[0594] In an implementation, a connection between the device and the destination node has been established. When the destination node is an NC in the aforementioned system, the connection between the device and the destination node is the aforementioned type 1 connection (Device-NC connection) . This connection can be established via the anchor gateway of the destination node and the serving gateway of the device. Any two of more of the first data serving gateway, the anchor gateway of the destination node and the serving gateway of the device may be the same gateway. When the destination node is an entity in the external network, the connection between the device and the destination node is formed by the aforementioned type 2 connection (Device-external connection) between the device and an Ext-Data-TW-GW and the connection between the destination node and the Ext-Data-TW-GW. Sometimes this Ext-Data-TW-GW can be the first data serving gateway.
[0595] Upon receiving the incoming traffic or processed incoming traffic, the destination node can process the incoming traffic. In an example, the whole processing of the incoming traffic may be imperceptible by the device or the customer using the device. In another example, after processing the traffic, the destination node may send the processed traffic to the device over the connection between the device and the destination node. In this case, the destination node acts as a filtering agent which pre-processes the incoming traffic targeted to the device, thereby relieving the processing complexity of the device.
[0596] In an implementation, the third establishment request includes information for identifying the source node (e.g. an ID / IP address of the source node) and information for identifying the destination node (e.g. an ID / IP address of the destination node) . Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first node to identify the source node and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic at the first data serving gateway.
[0597] In an implementation, the third establishment request further includes an identifier of the device and / or information for indicating validity of the redirection rule. In an implementation, the validity of the redirection rule can be a time interval defined by a customer / device according to the actual application. This time interval reflects the effective period of the redirection rule. The redirection operation can be performed by the first data serving gateway within the time interval. In an implementation, the validity of the redirection rule can be until receiving a further notification from the device. Inclusion of the identifier of the device enables the first node to identify a device for which the redirection rule should be established, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic. Inclusion of the information for indicating validity of the redirection rule improves the flexibility of the redirection operation at the first data serving gateway.
[0598] Upon receiving the third establishment request, the first node can effectively configure the first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule for the device, thereby ensuring that the redirection rule can be established to redirect the incoming traffic targeted to the device.
[0599] In an implementation, for execution of the method (prior to execution of step S1001A) by the first node to establish the redirection rule, a connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node has been established. For example, when the destination node is in the system which includes the device, the first node and the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway may act as the Ext-Data-TW-GW for the destination node, so the connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node is an NC-external connection (the aforementioned type 4 connection) .
[0600] In an implementation, in a case where the first node and the first data serving gateway are in the same BAS domain, the first data serving gateway is controlled and managed by the first node. As a result, the step S1002A can be an internal operation in a NET4CON service to which the first node and the first data serving gateway belong. This operation may be exposed to other nodes or kept unexposed. For example, the step S1002A includes, the first node determining the first data serving gateway which manages the incoming traffic; and configuring / enabling the determined first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule.
[0601] In an implementation, in a case where the first node and the first data serving gateway are in different BAS domains, the first node may communicate with a C / M function (which is referred as another node below) of the BAS domain in which the first data serving gateway is located. The first node may then pass required information (e.g. through a message) to this C / M function to achieve configuration of the first data serving gateway. The C / M function in the same BAS domain as the first data serving gateway is responsible for management of connectivity related to the first data serving gateway, as well as operations of the first data serving gateway. For example, the step S1002A includes, the first node determining the first data serving gateway which manages the incoming traffic, and the first node transmitting a message to another node (C / M function) in the BAS domain where the first data serving gateway is located; then the another node configuring the first data serving gateway based on the received the message. As a result, the first data serving gateway establishes the redirection rule.
[0602] In an implementation, the step S1002A can include: the first node transmitting a message to the first data serving gateway. Correspondingly, the first data serving gateway receives the message from the first node, and establishes the redirection rule in response to receiving the message. The message is configured to enable establishing the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway. In the case where the first node and the first data serving gateway are in different BAS domains, the message may be transmitted from the first node to the another node which manages connectivity and operations related to the first data serving gateway. The another node then transmits a message to the first data serving gateway, and the message from the another node to the first data serving gateway may be the same as the message received by the another node from the first node. By transmitting the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway can effectively establish the redirection rule.
[0603] In an implementation, the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway includes information for identifying the source node (e.g. an ID of the source node) and information for identifying the destination node (e.g. an ID of the destination node) . Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the source node and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic at the first data serving gateway.
[0604] In an implementation, the message from the first node to the first data serving gateway further includes an identifier of the device and / or information for indicating validity of the redirection rule. Inclusion of the identifier of the device enables the first data serving gateway to identify a device for which the redirection rule should be established, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic. Inclusion of the information for indicating validity of the redirection rule improves the flexibility of the redirection operation at the first data serving gateway.
[0605] In an implementation, the reception step S1001A and the enabling step S1002A constitute an action to establish the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service (which is also referred to as redirection service herein) provided by the first node for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the device. The first node is configured to perform the action including the reception and the enabling, so as to improve the efficiency of establishment of the redirection rule and realize the automation of establishment of the redirection rule.
[0606] In an implementation, the third establishment request can identify the action. For example, the third establishment request further includes information for identifying the action, e.g., an ID of the action, and the first node is triggered to perform the action based on the ID of the action. When the first node receives the third establishment request which includes the ID of the action, the first node has the knowledge that the third establishment request includes a request to establish the redirection rule. For the implementation details of ID of the action, reference can be made to the related description with respect to FIG. 7A.By including the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0607] In an implementation, after execution of the method, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0608] In an implementation of the present disclosure, in the case where the action “redirection of incoming traffic” is implemented by calling the external Data-TW-GW (first data serving gateway) , the present disclosure provides a method applied to the first data serving gateway to implement the action. FIG. 10B shows a schematic flowchart of a method to redirect incoming traffic according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The flowchart is representative of the execution of the action by the first data serving gateway. For the detailed definitions of the device, the source node, the destination node, the first data serving gateway and the second data serving gateway, reference may be made to related description in FIG. 10A. The method illustrated in FIG. 10B is applied at the first data serving gateway and includes the following steps:
[0609] At step S1001B, the method includes receiving a fourth establishment request from a device.
[0610] At step S1002B, the method includes, in response to receiving the fourth establishment request, establishing the redirection rule.
[0611] The fourth establishment request includes a request to establish a redirection rule. The redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic. The incoming traffic is from a source node and targeted to the device. In an implementation, the device can be a wireless device or a wireline device.
[0612] The redirection rule is configured to enable the incoming traffic which was intended to be sent to the device to be redirected to the destination node. The first data serving gateway establishes the redirection rule to ensure that the incoming traffic no longer goes to the device. Instead, the incoming traffic would be sent to the destination node based on the redirection rule.
[0613] The first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node. The first data serving gateway may or may not be the anchor data gateway of the source node. The first data serving gateway may or may not be the anchor data gateway of the destination node.
[0614] The first data serving gateway may or may not be the data serving gateway of the device. When the first data serving gateway is not the data serving gateway of the device, it can be connected to the data serving gateway of the device.
[0615] In an implementation, the first data serving gateway can be an external Data-TW-GW of the device. The external Data-TW-GW has a device-Ext connection (the aforementioned type 2 connection) with the device. The device-Ext connection is a logical connection between the device and the external Data-TW-GW which has connection with an external network on a data plane.
[0616] The source node can also be an entity in the external network. The external Data-TW-GW is connected to the source node, so that the traffic originated from the source node can be forwarded to an NC (e.g., the destination node) in the system.
[0617] The destination node can be an NC inside the system or an entity outside the system. This system includes the device, the first node and the first data serving gateway.
[0618] In an implementation, the destination node is in the aforementioned system which includes the device, the first node and the first data serving gateway. The first data serving gateway can be connected to the destination node in different ways.
[0619] In an example, the first data serving gateway is connected to the destination node and acts as the anchor data gateway of the destination node. The redirection rule at the first data serving gateway ensures that the incoming traffic from the source node is forwarded to the destination node.
[0620] In another example, the first data serving gateway is connected to the destination node via a second data serving gateway of the destination node. This second data serving gateway acts as the anchor gateway of the destination node (anchor Data-TW-GW to which the destination node is connected) . That is, the first data serving gateway is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the second data serving gateway is connected to the destination node. In this case, the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway ensures that the incoming traffic from the source node is forwarded to the second data serving gateway of the destination node. The second data serving gateway then forwards the incoming traffic to the destination node.
[0621] When the destination node is in the aforementioned system, the destination node can be an NC in the system. For example, the destination node can be a digital user (D-user) created in the NET4DW at the C / M layer of FIG. 1. For detailed description of the D-User, reference may be made to the related description with reference to FIG. 10A.
[0622] In an implementation, the destination node is outside the aforementioned system. That is, the destination node is an entity in the external network. The destination node and the source node are both in the external network. The traffic can be sent to the destination node via a reachable address of the destination node in the external network, e.g., a public IP address in the external network for the destination node.
[0623] In an example, the redirection rule is configured to redirect the incoming traffic from the source node to the destination node. The first data serving gateway may act as the Ext-Data-TW-GW of the destination node, so the connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node is an NC-external connection (the aforementioned type 4 connection) . When the first data serving gateway is not the anchor data gateway of the destination node, the first data serving gateway can be connected to the anchor data gateway of the destination node, which is connected to the destination node. Based on the redirection rule, the first data serving gateway can forward the incoming traffic to the destination node directly.
[0624] In another example, the first data serving gateway can forward the incoming traffic to the destination node via a node within the same system as the device. This node may or may not be in the same BAS domain as the destination node. The first data serving gateway forwards the incoming traffic to this node (via the anchor data gateway of this node if the first data serving gateway is not the anchor data gateway of this node) , and then this node forwards the traffic to the destination node via an external connection between the node and the destination node. In an implementation, the node within the same system as the device can be the D-User or other NC shown in FIG. 1. Prior to execution of the method, the external connection between the node and the destination node has been established. For example, the node within the same system is connected to its anchor data gateway. The anchor data gateway of this node is connected to an external gateway. The external gateway is connected to the destination node. In this way, the external connection between this node and the external gateway is established. The external gateway can be a data gateway. Any two or more of the first data serving gateway, the anchor data gateway of this node, and the external gateway may be the same gateway.
[0625] Upon receiving the incoming traffic, the node within the same system as the device may or may not process the incoming traffic. Therefore, the traffic sent to the destination node may be the aforementioned incoming traffic or processed incoming traffic.
[0626] In an implementation, a connection between the device and the destination node has been established. When the destination node is an NC in the aforementioned system, the connection between the device and the destination node is the aforementioned type 1 connection (Device-NC connection) . This connection can be established via the anchor gateway of the destination node and the serving gateway of the device. Any two of more of the first data serving gateway, the anchor gateway of the destination node and the serving gateway of the device may be the same gateway. When the destination node is an entity in the external network, the connection between the device and the destination node is formed by the aforementioned type 2 connection (Device-external connection) between the device and an Ext-Data-TW-GW and the connection between the destination node and the Ext-Data-TW-GW. Sometimes this Ext-Data-TW-GW can be the first data serving gateway.
[0627] Upon receiving the incoming traffic or processed incoming traffic, the destination node can process the incoming traffic. In an example, the whole processing of the incoming traffic may be imperceptible by the device or the customer using the device. In another example, after processing the traffic, the destination node may send the processed traffic to the device over the connection between the device and the destination node. In this case, the destination node acts as a filtering agent which pre-processes the incoming traffic targeted to the device, thereby relieving the processing complexity of the device.
[0628] In an implementation, the fourth establishment request includes information for identifying the source node (e.g. an ID / IP address of the source node) and information for identifying the destination node (e.g. an ID / IP address of the destination node) . Inclusion of the aforementioned information enables the first data serving gateway to identify the source node and the destination node, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic at the first data serving gateway.
[0629] In an implementation, the fourth establishment request further includes an identifier of the device and / or information for indicating validity of the redirection rule. In an implementation, the validity of the redirection rule can be a time interval defined by a customer / device according to the actual application. This time interval reflects the effective period of the redirection rule. The redirection operation can be performed by the first data serving gateway within the time interval. In an implementation, the validity of the redirection rule can be until a further notification. Inclusion of the identifier of the device enables the first data serving gateway to identify a device for which the redirection rule should be established, which can facilitate the establishment of the redirection rule for redirecting the incoming traffic. Inclusion of the information for indicating validity of the redirection rule improves the flexibility of the redirection operation at the first data serving gateway.
[0630] Upon receiving the fourth establishment request, the first data serving gateway can effectively establish the redirection rule for the device, thereby ensuring that the redirection rule can be established to redirect the incoming traffic targeted to the device.
[0631] In an implementation, for execution of the method (prior to execution of step S1001B) by the first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule, a connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node has been established. For example, when the destination node is in the system which includes the device, the first node and the first data serving gateway, the first data serving gateway may act as the Ext-Data-TW-GW for the destination node, so the connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node is an NC-external connection (the aforementioned type 4 connection) .
[0632] In an implementation, the reception step S100BA and the establishment step S1002B constitute an action to establish the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway. The action is executed as part of a service (which is also referred to as redirection service herein) provided by the first node for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the device. The serving gateway is configured to perform the action including the reception and the establishment, so as to improve the efficiency of establishment of the redirection rule and realize the automation of establishment of the redirection rule.
[0633] In an implementation, the fourth establishment request can identify the action. For example, the fourth establishment request further includes information for identifying the action, e.g., an ID of the action, and the first data serving gateway is triggered to perform the action based on the ID of the action. When the first data serving gateway receives the fourth establishment request which includes the ID of the action, the first data serving gateway has the knowledge that the fourth establishment request includes a request to establish the redirection rule. For the implementation details of ID of the action, reference can be made to the related description with respect to FIG. 7A. By including the identification information for the action in the request, the first data serving gateway can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0634] In an implementation, after execution of the method, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.
[0635] For the action “redirection of incoming traffic” performed by the first node or the first data serving gateway, the NCDL of the action includes the following:Name of the action: Redirection of incoming traffic.Pre-condition of the action: The connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node has been established.Post-condition of the action: The redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.One or more parameters related to the action: Input parameters such as the information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node, and optional the identifier of the device, and the information for indicating validity of the redirection rule.
[0636] The following is an example NCDL of the action “redirection of incoming traffic” , which could be implemented by calling the first node or the first data serving gateway.
[0637] Name of the action: Redirection of incoming traffic.
[0638] Purpose of the action: The purpose of this action is for an Ext-Data-TW-GW (which is a specific example of the aforementioned first data serving gateway) to establish a redirection rule such that a device / customer can redirect incoming traffic targeting to the device / customer to a designated NC / entity (which is a specific example of the aforementioned destination node) for certain process. One application is that a device can instruct NET4CON (its C / M function or Ext-Data-TW-GW) to redirect its incoming traffic to its D-User created in NET4DW, where the D-User is used as an anchor of the device (i.e., physical device) .
[0639] Pre-condition of the action: For a designated NC / entity inside the system, the connection (NC-ext) connection) between a NC (designated destination) and external networks has been established.
[0640] Post-condition of the action: The redirection rule has been established.
[0641] Table 3 shows parameters related to the NCDL of the action “redirection of incoming traffic” . Table 3
[0642] The parameters shown in Table 3 represent different capability dimensions for the action “redirection of incoming traffic” . The capability dimensions can include input dimensions, in which the input dimensions are used to indicate required input information for the execution of the action. Definitions of the capability dimensions are as follows:
[0643] Note that all dimensions in the table may be self-defined by a customer / device.·Device ID: ID of the device traffic targeting to which needs to be redirected. The dimension could be set as either device ID or IP address.·Designated incoming traffic source: Information on identifying incoming traffic that needs to be redirected (which is a specific example of the aforementioned information for identifying the source node) . The dimension could be set as either designated source IP or app name.·Designated destination ID (intra-further generation communication system) : A reachable address of destination for redirection (which is a specific example of the aforementioned information for identifying the destination node) . The redirected destination is within the further generation communication system, e.g., D-User. This dimension can be set as ID, or IP address of the destination or NA if this instruction is for a redirection to the external network.·Designated destination reachable address (external network) : A reachable address of destination for redirection (which is a specific example of the aforementioned information for identifying the destination node) . The redirected destination is an entity outside the further generation communication system. This dimension can be set as IP address of the destination, or NA if this instruction is for redirection to an NC within the further generation communication system.·Valid time window: The redirection can be conducted within a customer defined time interval or until further notice.
[0644] Use of this NCDL:·This NCDL may be subscribed to by the device.·This action is called if the device needs to redirect traffic from a designated source (which is also referred to as designated incoming traffic source, and is a specific example of the aforementioned source node) to a designated destination (which is a specific example of the aforementioned destination node) , either within the further generation communication system or in the external networks.·After the execution of this action, the Ext-Data-TW-GW will filter the incoming traffic of this device and redirect the traffic to the destination, as instructed by this action.·The redirection action can stop after the valid time interval indicated by the valid time window ends or until receiving another instruction from the device with “valid time window” set as 000.
[0645] In an implementation of the present disclosure, the action is to provision session information of a device. Each action includes a unique action name for facilitating other NCs to subscribe to the action. For example, the action name can be “provisioning of session information of device” or “first provisioning service” , and the action could be implemented by NET4CON through its C / M function (first node) . In an implementation, this action may be called when the session information is required. The action would be of the aforementioned Type 1 or Type 3. The present application provides a method applied to a first node to implement the action. FIG. 11 shows a schematic flowchart of a method to provision session information of a device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The flowchart is representative of the execution of the action by the first node. The method illustrated in FIG. 11 is applied at the first node and includes the following steps:
[0646] At step S1101, the method includes determining that a trigger condition for provisioning session information related to a session associated with a device, is satisfied.
[0647] At step S1102, the method includes transmitting the session information to a second node.
[0648] The session information indicates the device. For example, the session information includes an identifier of the device.
[0649] In an implementation, the first node can be a C / M function of a NET4CON service in a BAS domain. In an implementation, the second node can provide an XaaS service in the C / M layer or the Service layer of FIG. 1, and the XaaS service can provide its services or capabilities through its corresponding C / M function entity / entities and or data function entity / entities. The C / M function entity / entities support (s) exchanging of signaling of the XaaS service on the C / M plane. The data function entity / entities support (s) exchanging of data traffic of the XaaS service on the data plane. In an implementation, the second node provides autonomous programming services.
[0650] In an implementation, the device can be a wireless device or a wireline device. In an implementation, the session information includes an identifier of the device, e.g., an ID of the wireless device or an ID of the wireline device.
[0651] In an implementation, the session associated with the device includes a C / M session (which is also referred to as first session herein) or a data session (which is also referred to as second session herein) . For the details of the C / M session and the data session associated with the wireless device, reference may be made to related description in FIG. 5A. For the details of the C / M session and the data session associated with the wireline device, reference may be made to related description in FIG. 5B.
[0652] In an implementation, the session associated with the device includes a first session, and the first session is a logical connection established between the device and a C / M serving gateway (i.e., the aforementioned serving C / M-TW-GW of the device) connected to the device on a C / M plane. The session information includes one or more of the following: information for identifying a serving area where the C / M serving gateway is located; information for identifying the C / M serving gateway (e.g., an ID of the C / M serving gateway) ; information for identifying the first session (e.g., an ID of C / M session) ; information for identifying at least one third connection; information for identifying at least one node to which the device is connected on the C / M plane (e.g., and ID of each node) ; and the number of connections in the at least one third connection. The at least one third connection is mapped to the first session, and it is used for signaling exchange between the device and at least one node on the C / M plane. There may be a one-to-one correspondence between each third connection and each of the at least one node. Each of the at least one node has a specific third connection with the device. In an implementation, each of the at least one third connection can be the aforementioned C / M NC connection with reference to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, which is a logical connection between the device and an NC on the C / M plane. The NC can be an example of the at least one node.
[0653] In an implementation, the information for identifying the serving area where the C / M serving gateway is located could be the aforementioned BAS domain where the C / M serving gateway is located, and the information for identifying the serving area can be an ID of the serving area.
[0654] In an implementation, when the C / M serving gateway for the device has been determined, the session information may include the information for identifying the device, the information for identifying the C / M serving gateway, and the information for identifying the serving area where the C / M serving gateway is located. In an implementation, when the information for identifying the first session for the device has been assigned, the session information may include the information for identifying the device, the information for identifying the C / M serving gateway, the information for identifying the serving area where the C / M serving gateway is located, and the information for identifying the first session. In an implementation, when the at least one third connection for the device has been mapped to the first session, the session information may include the information for identifying the device, the information for identifying the C / M serving gateway, the information for identifying the serving area where the C / M serving gateway is located, the information for identifying the first session, and the information for identifying the at least one third connection. The session information may also include the number of connections in the at least one third connection.
[0655] In an implementation, the device may be connected to the at least one node through the at least one third connection. A C / M NC connection between the device and one NC can be mapped to the C / M session established between the device and the C / M serving gateway of the device. The mapping between the C / M NC connections and the C / M sessions can be one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one. For example, there are a plurality of C / M sessions established between the device and the C / M serving gateway of the device, and a plurality of C / M NC connections between the device and a plurality of NCs, the C / M NC connections are mapped to the C / M sessions one-by-one. For another example, there is a single C / M session for a device and a plurality of C / M NC connections between the device and a plurality of NCs, these C / M NC connections are all mapped to the single C / M session. Each of the C / M NC connections is the aforementioned third connection.
[0656] In an implementation, the session associated with the device includes a second session, and the second session is a logical connection established between the device and a data serving gateway (i.e., the aforementioned serving Data-TW-GW of the device) connected to the device on a data plane. The session information further includes one or more of following items: information for identifying a serving area where the data serving gateway is located; information for identifying the data serving gateway (e.g., an ID of the data serving gateway) ; information for identifying the second session (e.g., an ID of data session) ; information for identifying at least one fourth connection; information for identifying at least one node to which the device is connected on the data plane (e.g., and ID of each node) ; and the number of connections in the at least one fourth connection. The at least one fourth connection is mapped to the second session, and it is used for data exchange between the device and at least one node on the data plane. There may be a one-to-one correspondence between each fourth connection and each of the at least one node. Each of the at least one node has a specific fourth connection with the device. In an implementation, each of the at least one fourth connection can be the aforementioned data NC connection with reference to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, which is a logical connection between the device and an NC on the data plane. The NC can be an example of the at least one node.
[0657] In an implementation, when the data serving gateway for the device has been determined, the session information may include the information for identifying the device, the information for identifying the data serving gateway, and the information for identifying the serving area where the data serving gateway is located. In an implementation, when the information for identifying the second session for the device has been assigned, the session information may include the information for identifying the device, the information for identifying the data serving gateway, the information for identifying the serving area where the data serving gateway is located, and the information for identifying the second session. In an implementation, when the at least one fourth connection for the device has been mapped to the second session, the session information may include the information for identifying the device, the information for identifying the data serving gateway, the information for identifying the serving area where the data serving gateway is located, the information for identifying the second session, and the information for identifying the at least one fourth connection. The session information may also include the number of connections in the at least one fourth connection.
[0658] In an implementation, the device may be connected to the at least one node through the at least one fourth connection. A data NC connection between the device and one NC can be mapped to the data session established between the device and the data serving gateway of the device. The mapping between the data NC connections and the data sessions can be one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one. For example, there are a plurality of data sessions established between the device and the data serving gateway of the device, and a plurality of data NC connections between the device and a plurality of NCs, the data NC connections are mapped to the data sessions one-by-one. For another example, there is a single data session for a device and a plurality of data NC connections between the device and a plurality of NCs, these data NC connections are all mapped to the single data session. Each of the data NC connections is the aforementioned fourth connection.
[0659] In an implementation, the session information further includes the number of sessions for the device, the sessions can include at least one first session and / or at least one second session.
[0660] In an implementation, the first node can provide session information of all sessions established between the device and its serving gateway, or some of sessions established between the device and its serving gateway. The first node can also provide some or all of third connections mapped to a session established between the device and its serving gateway. The provisioning of session information for each session can include one or more items described with reference to the session information provisioning of the first / second session.
[0661] Different session information for different types of sessions can be provided by the first node, thus improving the flexibility of the information provisioning.
[0662] In an implementation, the trigger condition includes one or more of: triggering the provisioning of the session information upon receiving a first provisioning request, triggering the provisioning of the session information at a time interval; or triggering the provisioning of the session information when a status of the session associated with the device has changed.
[0663] In an implementation, the trigger condition is triggering the provisioning of the session information upon receiving the first provisioning request. The first provisioning request includes a request for provisioning the session information, and the first provisioning request indicates the device. For example, the first provisioning request includes an identifier of the device. In an implementation, the second node transmits the first provisioning request to the first node. Correspondingly, the first node receives the first provisioning request from the second node. In an implementation, the first node receives the first provisioning request from another node different from the second node. In the latter case, after receiving the first provisioning request from another node, the first node determines that the trigger condition is satisfied, then the first node transmits the session information to the second node, that is, another node is used to trigger the first node to report the session information to the second node. In an implementation, the second node provides autonomous programming services. In an implementation, another NC can be any XaaS service shown in FIG. 1. In addition, in this case, the action would be of the aforementioned Type 1.
[0664] Upon determining that the trigger condition is satisfied, the first node can provide the session information to the second node autonomously or on-demand, thereby ensuring the synchronization of the session information between the first node and the second node.
[0665] In an implementation, the trigger condition is triggering the provisioning of the session information at the time interval, a specific value of the time interval can be a fixed value or a variable value. For example, in step S1101, the first node determines whether an interval from the current time to the last transmission of the session information is equal to the specified time interval, if yes, the trigger condition is deemed satisfied.
[0666] In an implementation, the trigger condition is triggering the provisioning of the session information when the status of the session associated with the device has changed, various situations may lead to changes in the status of the session associated with the device. For example, the first session associated with the device is newly established, the second session associated with the device is newly established, the first session associated with the device has been removed, the second session associated with the device has been removed, the third connection mapped to the first session has been de-activated, the fourth connection mapped to the second session has been de-activated, etc. For example, in step S1101, the first node determines whether the status of the session associated with the device is changed, if yes, the trigger condition is deemed satisfied.
[0667] Various trigger conditions are available, enhancing the flexibility of the entire information provisioning procedure.
[0668] In an implementation, for execution of the method (prior to execution of step S1101) for provisioning the session information associated with the device, the session information is available.
[0669] In an implementation, the determination step S1101 and the transmission step S1102 constitute an action to provision session information related to the session associated with the device. The action is executed as part of a service (which is also referred to as first provisioning service herein) provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node. The first node is designed to perform the action including the determination and the transmission, so as to improve the efficiency of the provisioning of the session information related to the session associated with the device and realize the automation of the provisioning of the session information related to the session associated with the device.
[0670] In an implementation, the trigger condition is triggering the provisioning of the session information upon receiving the first provisioning request, the step S1101 includes receiving information for identifying the action. For example, the first provisioning request further includes information for identifying the action, e.g., an ID of the action, and the first node is triggered to perform the action based on the ID of the action. When the first node receives the first provisioning request which includes the ID of the action, the first node has the knowledge that the first provisioning request includes a request for provisioning the session information. For the implementation details of ID of the action, reference can be made to the related description with respect to FIG. 7A. By including the identification information for the action in the request, the first node can correctly perform the action identified in the request.
[0671] In an implementation, when there are more than one first session and / or second session, and when the session information of each of the more than one first session and / or second session is needed, session information of the more than one first session and / or second session may be provided by calling the action once. Alternatively, the action can be called as many times as the number of the more than one first session and / or second session.
[0672] In an implementation, after execution of the method, the session information has been provided to the second node.
[0673] In an implementation, the action may also be implemented by the serving gateway of the device. The session information can be maintained by the serving gateway and provided to the second node when the trigger condition is satisfied. For example, the C / M serving gateway of the device may be capable of providing information related to the C / M session and C / M NC connection, and the data serving gateway of the device may be capable of providing information related to the data session and data NC connection.
[0674] For the action “provisioning of session information of device” performed by the first node, the NCDL of the action includes the following:Name of the action: Provisioning of session information of device.Pre-condition of the action: The session information is available.Post-condition of the action: The session information has been provided to the second node.One or more parameters related to the action: Output parameters such as the identifier of the device, the information for identifying the serving area where the C / M serving gateway is located, the information for identifying the C / M serving gateway, the information for identifying the first session, the information for identifying the least one third connection, the number of connections in the at least one third connection, the information for identifying the serving area where the data serving gateway is located, the information for identifying the data serving gateway, the information for identifying the second session, the information for identifying the least one fourth connection, the number of connections in the at least one fourth connection. In an implementation, the one or more parameters related to the action further include input parameter such as the identifier of the device.
[0675] The following is an example NCDL of the action “provisioning of session information of device” .
[0676] Name of the action: Provisioning of session information of device.
[0677] Purpose of the action: The purpose of this action is for a NET4CON to provide session information related to a session associated with a device (wireless and wireline device) through its C / M function (which is a specific example of the aforementioned first node) . The information should include NET4CON ID (which is a specific example of aforementioned information for identifying the serving area where the C / M serving gateway or data serving gateway is located) where the serving C / M-TW-GW (which is a specific example of aforementioned C / M serving gateway) and Data-TW-GW (which is a specific example of aforementioned data serving gateway) of the device locate, the number of C / M and data sessions, C / M session ID, data session ID, and the number of NC connections (e.g., C / M NC connection and data NC connection, which are specific examples of aforementioned third connection and fourth connection respectively) carried by each C / M session and each data session (which are specific examples of aforementioned first session and second session respectively) . In this design, it is assumed that one C / M session can carry a plurality of C / M NC connections and the same applied to the data session, that is, one C / M or data session can carry a plurality of C / M or data NC connections.
[0678] Pre-condition of the action: The session information is available.
[0679] Post-condition of the action: The session information has been provided.
[0680] Table 4 shows parameters related to the NCDL of the action “provisioning of session information of device” . Table 4
[0681] Note that in this table, the values "MMM, NNN, XXX, YYY, KKK, QQQ" are for easy illustration purpose only.
[0682] The parameters shown in Table 4 represent different capability dimensions for the action “provisioning of session information of device” . The capability dimensions can include input dimensions and output dimensions, in which the input dimension is used to indicate required input information for the execution of the action and can be omitted, and the output dimensions are used to indicate required output information for the execution of the action. Definitions of the capability dimensions are as follows:·Device ID (which is a specific example of the aforementioned identifier of the device) : ID of the device whose session information is provided.·NET4CON ID (which is a specific example of the aforementioned serving area where the C / M serving gateway or the data serving gateway is located) : ID of a NET4CON domain where the device’s serving GWs (including the serving C / M-TW-GW and the Data-TW-GW, which are specific examples of aforementioned C / M serving gateway and data serving gateway) locate.·Serving C / M-TW-GW ID (which is a specific example of the aforementioned information for identifying the C / M serving gateway) : ID of the serving C / M-TW-GW of the device. If there is no serving C / M-TW-GW, NA should be set. If the NA is set it means that the device has no C / M sessi...
Claims
A method applied to a first node for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission, comprising:receiving a first establishment request from a second node, wherein the first establishment request comprises a request to establish a forwarding rule for the session, the session existing between a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection;in response to receiving the first establishment request, enabling a first data serving gateway to establish the forwarding rule, wherein the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway.The method according to claim 1, wherein the first establishment request comprises information for identifying the at least one connection.The method according to claim 2, wherein the at least one connection comprises a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway;wherein the first establishment request further comprises information for identifying the destination node.The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the at least one connection comprises a second connection;wherein one of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway;wherein the second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.The method according to claim 4, wherein the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway;wherein the first establishment request further comprises information for identifying the second data serving gateway.The method according to claim 4, wherein the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway;wherein the first establishment request further comprises information for identifying the destination node.The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the first establishment request indicates one or more of:a number of connections in the at least one connection;quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; andinformation for identifying the first data serving gateway.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein enabling the first data serving gateway to establish the forwarding rule comprises:transmitting a message to the first data serving gateway, wherein the message is configured to enable establishing the forwarding rule for the session at the first data serving gateway.The method according to claim 8, wherein the message comprises information for identifying the at least one connection.The method according to claim 9, wherein the at least one connection comprises a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway;wherein the message further comprises information for identifying the destination node.The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the at least one connection comprises a second connection;wherein one of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway;wherein the second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.The method according to claim 11, wherein the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway;wherein the message further comprises information for identifying the second data serving gateway.The method according to claim 11, wherein the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway;wherein the message further comprises information for identifying the destination node.The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the message indicates one or more of:a number of connections in the at least one connection;QoS information corresponding to the at least one connection; andinformation for identifying the first data serving gateway.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication among the plurality of nodes over the at least connection on a data plane.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein for execution of the method to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes are already known, and the one or more data serving gateways comprise the first data serving gateway.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the method constitutes an action to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.The method according to claim 17, wherein the first establishment request further comprises information for identifying the action.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the second node provides autonomous programming services.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.A method applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission, comprising:receiving a message from a first node, wherein the message is configured to enable establishing a forwarding rule for the session, the session existing between a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, wherein the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway; andin response to receiving the message, establishing the forwarding rule.The method according to claim 21, wherein the message comprises information for identifying the at least one connection.The method according to claim 22, wherein the at least one connection comprises a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway;wherein the message further comprises information for identifying the destination node.The method according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the at least one connection comprises a second connection;wherein one of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway;wherein the second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.The method according to claim 24, wherein the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway;wherein the message further comprises information for identifying the second data serving gateway.The method according to claim 24, wherein the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway;wherein the message further comprises information for identifying the destination node.The method according to any one of claims 22 to 26, wherein the message indicates one or more of:a number of connections in the at least one connection;quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; andinformation for identifying the first data serving gateway.The method according to any one of claims 21 to 27, wherein after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.A method applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission, comprising:receiving a second establishment request from a second node, wherein the second establishment request comprises a request to establish a forwarding rule for the session, the session existing between a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, wherein the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway;in response to receiving the second establishment request, establishing the forwarding rule.The method according to claim 29, wherein the second establishment request comprises information for identifying the at least one connection.The method according to claim 30, wherein the at least one connection comprises a first connection, a source node of the first connection and a destination node of the first connection are connected to the first data serving gateway;wherein the second establishment request further comprises information for identifying the destination node.The method according to claim 30 or 31, wherein the at least one connection comprises a second connection;wherein one of a source node of the second connection and a destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the other one of the source node and the destination node is connected to a second data serving gateway;wherein the second data serving gateway is connected to the first data serving gateway.The method according to claim 32, wherein the source node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway;wherein the second establishment request further comprises information for identifying the second data serving gateway.The method according to claim 32, wherein the source node of the second connection is connected to the second data serving gateway, and the destination node of the second connection is connected to the first data serving gateway;wherein the second establishment request further comprises information for identifying the destination node.The method according to any one of claims 30 to 34, wherein the second establishment request indicates one or more of:a number of connections in the at least one connection;quality-of-service (QoS) information corresponding to the at least one connection; andinformation for identifying the first data serving gateway.The method according to any one of claims 29 to 35, wherein for execution of the method to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, one or more data serving gateways associated with the plurality of nodes are already known, and the one or more data serving gateways comprise the first data serving gateway.The method according to any one of claims 29 to 36, wherein the method constitutes an action to establish the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.The method according to claim 37, wherein the second establishment request further comprises information for identifying the action.The method according to any one of claims 29 to 38, wherein the second node provides autonomous programming services.The method according to any one of claims 29 to 39, wherein after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.A method applied to a first node for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission, comprising:receiving a first removal request from a second node, wherein the first removal request comprises a request to remove a forwarding rule for the session, the session existing between a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection;in response to receiving the first removal request, enabling a first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule, wherein the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway.The method according to claim 41, wherein the first removal request comprises information for identifying the at least one connection.The method according to claim 42, wherein the first removal request indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.The method according to any one of claims 41 to 43, wherein enabling the first data serving gateway to remove the forwarding rule comprises:transmitting a message to the first data serving gateway, wherein the message is configured to enable removing the forwarding rule for the data mission session at the first data serving gateway.The method according to claim 44, wherein the message comprises information for identifying the at least one connection.The method according to claim 45, wherein the message indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.The method according to any one of claims 41 to 46, wherein the forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication among the plurality of nodes over the at least connection on a data plane.The method according to any one of claims 41 to 47, wherein for execution of the method to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed.The method according to any one of claims 41 to 48, wherein the method constitutes an action to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.The method according to claim 49, wherein the first removal request further comprises information for identifying the action.The method according to any one of claims 41 to 50, wherein the second node provides autonomous programming services.The method according to any one of claims 41 to 51, wherein after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.A method applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission, comprising:receiving a message from a first node, wherein the message is configured to enable removing a forwarding rule for the session, the session existing between a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, wherein the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway; andin response to receiving the message, removing the forwarding rule.The method according to claim 53, wherein the message comprises information for identifying the at least one connection.The method according to claim 54, wherein the message indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.The method according to any one of claims 53 to 55, wherein after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.A method applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections for a session associated with a data mission, comprising:receiving a second removal request from a second node, wherein the second removal request comprises a request to remove a forwarding rule for the session, the session existing between a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes participate in the session through at least one connection, wherein the at least one connection is through the first data serving gateway;in response to receiving the second removal request, removing the forwarding rule.The method according to claim 57, wherein the second removal request comprises information for identifying the at least one connection.The method according to claim 58, wherein the second removal request indicates a number of connections in the at least one connection.The method according to any one of claims 57 to 59, wherein for execution of the method to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, the session supported by the at least one connection has been completed.The method according to any one of claims 57 to 60, wherein the method constitutes an action to remove the forwarding rule at the first data serving gateway, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections for the session associated with the data mission, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.The method according to claim 61, wherein the second removal request further comprises information for identifying the action.The method according to any one of claims 57 to 62, wherein the second node provides autonomous programming services.The method according to any one of claims 57 to 63, wherein after execution of the method, the forwarding rule has been removed from the first data serving gateway.A method applied to a first node for managing network connections, comprising:receiving a third establishment request from a device, wherein the third establishment request comprises a request to establish a redirection rule, wherein the redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic from a source node targeted to the device, wherein the incoming traffic is redirected to a destination node; andin response to receiving the third establishment request, enabling a first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule, wherein the first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node.The method according to claim 65, wherein the third establishment request comprises information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.The method according to claim 66, wherein the third establishment request further comprises:an identifier of the device; and / orinformation for indicating validity of the redirection rule.The method according to any one of claims 65 to 67, wherein enabling the first data serving gateway to establish the redirection rule comprises:transmitting a message to the first data serving gateway, wherein the message is configured to enable establishing the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway.The method according to claim 68, wherein the message comprises information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.The method according to claim 69, wherein the message further comprises:an identifier of the device; and / orinformation for indicating validity of the redirection rule.The method according to any one of claims 65 to 70, wherein for execution of the method to establish the redirection rule, a connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node has been established.The method according to claim 71, wherein the destination node is in a system which includes the device, the first node and the first data serving gateway, and the first data serving gateway is connected to the destination node via a second data serving gateway of the destination node.The method according to claim 71, wherein the destination node is in an external network.The method according to claim 73, wherein the redirection rule is configured to redirect the incoming traffic from the source node to a node within a same system as the device, and the incoming traffic is forwarded by the node to the destination node via an external connection between the node and the destination node.The method according to any one of claims 65 to 74, wherein the method constitutes an action to establish the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the device.The method according to claim 75, wherein the third establishment request further comprises information for identifying the action.The method according to any one of claims 65 to 76, wherein after execution of the method, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.A method applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections, comprising:receiving a message from a first node, wherein the message is configured to enable establishing the redirection rule, and the redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic from a source node targeted to a device, wherein the incoming traffic is redirected to a destination node; andin response to receiving the message, establishing the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway, wherein the first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node.The method according to claim 78, wherein the message comprises information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.The method according to claim 79, wherein the message further comprises one or more of:an identifier of the device; andinformation for indicating validity of the redirection rule.The method according to any one of claims 78 to 80, wherein after execution of the method, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.A method applied to a first data serving gateway for managing network connections, comprising:receiving a fourth establishment request from a device, wherein the fourth establishment request comprises a request to establish a redirection rule, wherein the redirection rule is configured to redirect incoming traffic from a source node targeted to the device, wherein the incoming traffic is redirected to a destination node; andin response to receiving the fourth establishment request, establishing the redirection rule, wherein the first data serving gateway is communicatively connected to the source node and the destination node.The method according to claim 82, wherein the fourth establishment request comprises information for identifying the source node and information for identifying the destination node.The method according to claim 83, wherein the fourth establishment request further comprises one or more of:an identifier of the device; andinformation for indicating validity of the redirection rule.The method according to any one of claims 82 to 84, wherein for execution of the method to establish the redirection rule, a connection between the first data serving gateway and the destination node has been established.The method according to claim 85, wherein the destination node is in a system which includes the device and the first data serving gateway, and the first data serving gateway is connected to the destination node via a second data serving gateway of the destination node.The method according to claim 85, wherein the destination node is in an external network.The method according to claim 87, wherein the redirection rule is configured to redirect the incoming traffic from the source node to a node within a same system as the device, and the incoming traffic is forwarded by the node to the destination node via an external connection between the node and the destination node.The method according to any one of claims 82 to 88, wherein the method constitutes an action to establish the redirection rule at the first data serving gateway, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first data serving gateway for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the device.The method according to claim 89, wherein the fourth establishment request further comprises information for identifying the action.The method according to any one of claims 82 to 90, wherein after execution of the method, the redirection rule has been established at the first data serving gateway.A method applied to a first node for information provisioning, comprising:determining that a trigger condition for provisioning session information related to a session associated with a device, is satisfied; andtransmitting the session information to a second node, wherein the session information indicates the device.The method according to claim 92, wherein the session information comprises an identifier of the device.The method according to claim 93, wherein the session associated with the device comprises a first session, and the first session is a logical connection established between the device and a control and management (C / M) serving gateway connected to the device on a C / M plane;wherein the session information includes one or more of the following:information for identifying a serving area where the C / M serving gateway is located;information for identifying the C / M serving gateway;information for identifying the first session;information for identifying at least one third connection, wherein the at least one third connection is mapped to the first session for signaling exchange between the device and at least one node on the C / M plane;information for identifying at least one node to which the device is connected on the C / M plane; anda number of connections in the at least one third connection.The method according to claim 93 or 94, wherein the session associated with the device comprises a second session, and the second session is a logical connection established between the device and a data serving gateway connected to the device on a data plane;wherein the session information further comprises one or more of following items:information for identifying a serving area where the data serving gateway is located;information for identifying the data serving gateway;information for identifying the second session;information for identifying at least one fourth connection, wherein the at least one fourth connection is mapped to the second session for data exchange between the device and at least one node on the data plane;information for identifying at least one node to which the device is connected on the data plane; anda number of connections in the at least one fourth connection.The method according to any one of claims 92 to 95, wherein for execution of the method for provisioning the session information associated with the device, the session information is available.The method according to any one of claims 92 to 96, wherein the trigger condition comprises one of:triggering the provisioning of the session information upon receiving a first provisioning request, wherein the first provisioning request comprises a request for provisioning the session information, and the first provisioning request indicates the device;triggering the provisioning of the session information at a time interval; ortriggering the provisioning of the session information when a status of the session associated with the device has changed.The method according to any one of claims 92 to 97, wherein the method constitutes an action to provision session information related to the session associated with the device, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.The method according to claim 98, wherein the determination comprises receiving information for identifying the action.The method according to any one of claims 92 to 99, wherein the second node provides an autonomous programming services.The method according to any one of claims 92 to 100, wherein after execution of the method, the session information has been provided to the second node.A method applied to a first node or a gateway for information provisioning, comprising:determining that a trigger condition for provisioning of information related to a forwarding rule is satisfied, wherein the forwarding rule is configured to enable exchanging communication over a connection through the gateway; andtransmitting the information related to the forwarding rule to a second node, wherein the information related to the forwarding rule comprises information indicating a status of the forwarding rule.The method according to claim 102, wherein the information related to the forwarding rule further comprises:information for identifying the connection; and / orinformation about a type of the connection.The method according to claim 102 or 103, wherein the information related to the forwarding rule further comprises information for identifying the gateway.The method according to claim 104, wherein the connection is a device-node connection between a device and a third node on a C / M plane or a data plane, and the gateway is a serving gateway of the device and / or an anchor gateway of the third node.The method according to claim 104, wherein the connection is a device-external connection between the device and a device-external gateway on a data plane, wherein the device-external gateway is connected to an external network, and the gateway is the device-external gateway or a serving gateway of the device.The method according to claim 104, wherein the connection is a node-external connection between a third node and a node-external gateway on a C / M plane or a data plane, wherein the node-external gateway is connected to an external network, and the gateway is the node-external gateway or an anchor gateway of the third node.The method according to any one of claims 102 to 107, wherein the information related to the forwarding rule further includes content of the forwarding rule, the content indicates a mapping related to the connection.The method according to any one of claims 102 to 108, wherein for execution of the method for provisioning the information related to the forwarding rule, the forwarding rule for the connection has been established or removed.The method according to any one of claims 102 to 109, wherein the method constitutes an action to provision the information related to the forwarding rule, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.The method according to any one of claims 102 to 109, wherein the method constitutes an action to provision the information related to the forwarding rule, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the gateway for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the first node and / or the second node.The method according to any one of claims 102 to 111, wherein the trigger condition comprises one or more of:triggering the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule upon receiving a second provisioning request, wherein the second provisioning request comprises a request for provisioning the information related to the forwarding rule, and the second provisioning request indicates the connection;triggering the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule at a time interval; ortriggering the provisioning of the information related to the forwarding rule when the status of the forwarding rule for the connection has changed.The method according to any one of claims 102 to 112, wherein after execution of the method, the information related to the forwarding rule has been provided to the second node.A method applied to a first node for information provisioning, comprising:receiving a third provisioning request from a second node, wherein the third provisioning request comprises a request to provision connection information related to at least one connection for a device, and the third provisioning request indicates the device; andtransmitting a third provisioning response in response to the third provisioning request, wherein the third provisioning response indicates the connection information.The method according to claim 114, wherein the at least one connection for the device comprises a device-node connection between the device and a third node on a C / M plane or a data plane, and / or a device-external connection between the device and a device-external gateway on the data plane.The method according to claim 115, wherein the third provisioning response comprises one or more of:information about a type of each of the at least one connection;a number of connections in the at least one connection;information for identifying the third node and / or the device-external gateway; andinformation for identifying each of the at least one connection.The method according to any one of claims 114 to 116, wherein for execution of the method for provisioning the connection information, the connection information is available.The method according to any one of claims 114 to 117, wherein the method constitutes an action to provision the connection information related to the at least one connection for the device, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.The method according to claim 118, wherein the third provisioning request further comprises information for identifying the action.The method according to any one of claims 114 to 119, wherein after execution of the method, the connection information has been provided.A method applied to a first node for information provisioning, comprising:receiving a fourth provisioning request from a second node, wherein the fourth provisioning request comprises a request for provisioning connection information related to at least one connection for a third node, and the fourth provisioning request indicates the third node; andtransmitting a fourth provisioning response in response to the fourth provisioning request, wherein the fourth provisioning response indicates the connection information.The method according to claim 121, wherein the at least one connection for the third node comprises a device-node connection between a device and the third node on a C / M plane or a data plane, and / or a node-external connection between the third node and a node-external gateway on the C / M plane or the data plane.The method according to claim 122, wherein the fourth provisioning response comprises one or more of:information about a type of each of the at least one connection;a number of connections in the at least one connection;an identifier of the device and / or the node-external gateway; andinformation for identifying each of the at least one connection.The method according to any one of claims 121 to 123, wherein for execution of the method for provisioning the connection information, the connection information is available.The method according to any one of claims 121 to 124, wherein the method constitutes an action to provision the connection information related to the at least one connection for the third node, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.The method according to claim 125, wherein the fourth provisioning request further comprises information for identifying the action.The method according to any one of claims 121 to 126, wherein after execution of the method, the connection information has been provided.A method applied to a first node for information provisioning, comprising:receiving a fifth provisioning request from a second node, wherein the fifth provisioning request comprises a request for provisioning performance information related to a session associated with a device during a time period, and the fifth provisioning request indicates the device and the time period; andtransmitting a fifth provisioning response in response to the fifth provisioning request, wherein the fifth provisioning response indicates the performance information of the device during the time period.The method according to claim 128, wherein the session associated with the device comprises a first session, and the first session is a logical connection established between the device and a C / M serving gateway connected to the device on a C / M plane;wherein the fifth provisioning response comprises information for identifying the first session and performance information about the first session.The method according to claim 128 or 129, wherein the session associated with the device comprises a second session, and the second session is a logical connection established between the device and a data serving gateway connected to the device on a data plane;wherein the fifth provisioning response comprises information for identifying the second session and performance information related to the second session.The method according to any one of claims 128 to 130, wherein for execution of the method for provisioning the performance information, the performance information is available.The method according to any one of claims 128 to 131, wherein the method constitutes an action to provision the performance information related to the session associated the device, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the first node for information provisioning, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.The method according to claim 132, wherein the fifth provisioning request further comprises information for identifying the action.The method according to any one of claims 128 to 133, wherein the second node provides a data collection service.The method according to any one of claims 128 to 134, wherein after execution of the method, the performance information of the device has been provided during the time period.A method applied to a third node for managing network connections, comprising:assigning identification information to a device, wherein the identification information enables the device to access one or more actions related to at least one service provided by the third node; andtransmitting the identification information to a second node.The method according to claim 136, further comprising:transmitting, to the second node, an indication of a time window for assignment of the identification information to the device, wherein the time window indicates a duration for which the device is authorized to access the one or more actions.The method according to claim 136 or 137, further comprising:receiving an assignment request, wherein the assignment request comprises a request to assign the identification information to the device.The method according to any one of claims 136 to 138, wherein for execution of the method to assign identification information to the device, the device has been authorized to access the at least one service provided by the third node during subscription to the third node.The method according to any one of claims 136 to 139, wherein the method constitutes an action to assign the identification information to the device, wherein the action is executed as part of a service provided by the third node for managing network connections, and the action is subscribed to by the second node.The method according to claim 140, wherein the second node is a service provisioning management (SPM) node.The method according to any one of claims 136 to 141, wherein after execution of the method, the identification information has been assigned to the device.An apparatus configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, the method according to any one of claims 21 to 28, the method according to any one of claims 29 to 40, the method according to any one of claims 41 to 52, the method according to any one of claims 53 to 56, the method according to any one of claims 57 to 64, the method according to any one of claims 65 to 77, the method according to any one of claims 78 to 81, the method according to any one of claims 82 to 91, the method according to any one of claims 92 to 101, the method according to any one of claims 102 to 113, the method according to any one of claims 114 to 120, the method according to any one of claims 121 to 127, the method according to any one of claims 128 to 135, or the method according to any one of claims 136 to 142.An apparatus comprising:one or more processors; andone or more memories storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, the method according to any one of claims 21 to 28, the method according to any one of claims 29 to 40, the method according to any one of claims 41 to 52, the method according to any one of claims 53 to 56, the method according to any one of claims 57 to 64, the method according to any one of claims 65 to 77, the method according to any one of claims 78 to 81, the method according to any one of claims 82 to 91, the method according to any one of claims 92 to 101, the method according to any one of claims 102 to 113, the method according to any one of claims 114 to 120, the method according to any one of claims 121 to 127, the method according to any one of claims 128 to 135, or the method according to any one of claims 136 to 142.A computer program product comprising program code for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, the method according to any one of claims 21 to 28, the method according to any one of claims 29 to 40, the method according to any one of claims 41 to 52, the method according to any one of claims 53 to 56, the method according to any one of claims 57 to 64, the method according to any one of claims 65 to 77, the method according to any one of claims 78 to 81, the method according to any one of claims 82 to 91, the method according to any one of claims 92 to 101, the method according to any one of claims 102 to 113, the method according to any one of claims 114 to 120, the method according to any one of claims 121 to 127, the method according to any one of claims 128 to 135, or the method according to any one of claims 136 to 142.A computer program comprising computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, the method according to any one of claims 21 to 28, the method according to any one of claims 29 to 40, the method according to any one of claims 41 to 52, the method according to any one of claims 53 to 56, the method according to any one of claims 57 to 64, the method according to any one of claims 65 to 77, the method according to any one of claims 78 to 81, the method according to any one of claims 82 to 91, the method according to any one of claims 92 to 101, the method according to any one of claims 102 to 113, the method according to any one of claims 114 to 120, the method according to any one of claims 121 to 127, the method according to any one of claims 128 to 135, or the method according to any one of claims 136 to 142.A computer-readable medium storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, the method according to any one of claims 21 to 28, the method according to any one of claims 29 to 40, the method according to any one of claims 41 to 52, the method according to any one of claims 53 to 56, the method according to any one of claims 57 to 64, the method according to any one of claims 65 to 77, the method according to any one of claims 78 to 81, the method according to any one of claims 82 to 91, the method according to any one of claims 92 to 101, the method according to any one of claims 102 to 113, the method according to any one of claims 114 to 120, the method according to any one of claims 121 to 127, the method according to any one of claims 128 to 135, or the method according to any one of claims 136 to 142.A chip comprising an input / output (I / O) interface and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to enable a device installing with the chip to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, the method according to any one of claims 21 to 28, the method according to any one of claims 29 to 40, the method according to any one of claims 41 to 52, the method according to any one of claims 53 to 56, the method according to any one of claims 57 to 64, the method according to any one of claims 65 to 77, the method according to any one of claims 78 to 81, the method according to any one of claims 82 to 91, the method according to any one of claims 92 to 101, the method according to any one of claims 102 to 113, the method according to any one of claims 114 to 120, the method according to any one of claims 121 to 127, the method according to any one of claims 128 to 135, or the method according to any one of claims 136 to 142.