Image source assembly, and head-up display device

Abstract

Provided in the present application are an image source assembly and a head-up display device. The image source assembly comprises a display panel, a heat conduction element and a heat dissipation element. The heat conduction element is arranged on a light-emitting surface or a light-incident surface of the display panel, and is used for conducting heat from the display panel to the heat dissipation element. The heat dissipation element is connected to the heat conduction element, and is used for dissipating heat conducted by the heat conduction element.

Description

Like source components and head-up display devices

[0001] Priority requirements

[0002] This application claims priority to utility model patent application No. 202422810270.0, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on November 18, 2024. Technical Field

[0003] This application belongs to the field of optical imaging technology, specifically relating to an image source component and a head-up display device. Background Technology

[0004] Head-up display (HUD) technology uses optical reflection to project light emitted from an image source onto an imaging window (image panel, windshield, etc.), which then reflects the light into the driver's eye, forming a virtual image. This virtual image can display desired information, such as vehicle speed and other driving-related information, preventing driver distraction caused by looking down at the instrument panel while driving. This improves driving safety and provides a better driving experience.

[0005] The inventors discovered that ambient temperature, backlighting, and sunlight backflow can all cause the image source temperature to rise, and excessively high image source temperature may affect the normal operation of the image source. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing an image source component and a head-up display device.

[0007] In some examples, the image source assembly includes a display panel; wherein the image source assembly further includes a thermally conductive element and a heat dissipation element connected to the thermally conductive element; the thermally conductive element is disposed on the light-emitting surface or the light-receiving surface of the display panel;

[0008] The heat-conducting element is configured to conduct heat from the display panel to the heat dissipation element; the heat dissipation element is configured to dissipate the heat conducted by the heat-conducting element.

[0009] In some examples, the thermally conductive element is attached to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, and the side of the thermally conductive element facing away from the display panel overlaps with the heat dissipation element; or, the thermally conductive element is attached to the light-incident surface of the display panel, and the side of the thermally conductive element facing away from the display panel overlaps with the heat dissipation element.

[0010] In some examples, the thermally conductive element is attached to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, and the thermally conductive element covers the light-emitting surface of the display panel;

[0011] The heat dissipation element includes a first heat dissipation portion defining a first window, and a second heat dissipation portion connected to the first heat dissipation portion; the first heat dissipation portion is an annular structure, and the annular structure at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the edge of the heat-conducting element on the plane where the display panel is located; the first window is used to emit light emitted by the display panel.

[0012] In some examples, the diameter of the first window increases monotonically or remains constant along the direction away from the display panel.

[0013] In some examples, the edge of the heat-conducting element and the edge of the heat-dissipating element at least partially overlap on the orthographic projection of the display panel onto the plane.

[0014] In some examples, the orthographic projection of the heat-conducting element onto the plane of the display panel is a polygon; the orthographic projection of the heat-dissipating element onto the plane of the display panel covers at least one long side of the polygon.

[0015] In some examples, the polygons include quadrilaterals and rectangles.

[0016] In some examples, the width of the overlapping area of ​​the heat dissipation element and the heat conduction element in the orthographic projection on the plane of the display panel, which covers one side of the polygon, is L1, the thickness of the heat conduction element is D1, and the thickness of the heat dissipation element is D2.

[0017] The D1 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, the L1 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, and the D2 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm.

[0018] In some examples, D1 and L1 satisfy: α×D1≤L1, α≥0.2.

[0019] In some examples, the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element is λ1, and the thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation element is λ2; the above parameters satisfy: β×λ1×L1 / λ2≤D2, where β is a constant, and β×λ1 / λ2≥0.2.

[0020] In some examples, the heat dissipation element is a heat sink or radiator; or,

[0021] The image source assembly further includes a cover configured to secure the display panel and dissipate heat from the display panel, a portion of which is reused as the heat dissipation element; or...

[0022] The heat dissipation element is part of the housing of the head-up display device.

[0023] In some examples, the heat dissipation element comprises a metallic material; the thermal conductivity of the metallic material is greater than or equal to 1 W / (m×K), or the thermal conductivity of the metallic material is greater than or equal to 20 W / (m×K).

[0024] In some examples, the material of the heat dissipation element is selected from any one of iron, magnesium, aluminum, and copper, or an alloy material composed of two or more of iron, magnesium, aluminum, and copper.

[0025] In some examples, the thermally conductive element includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction; the first surface is bonded to the light-emitting surface or the light-receiving surface of the display panel by optical adhesive, and the second surface is bonded to the heat dissipation element by thermally conductive resin;

[0026] The optical adhesive has a thermal conductivity greater than or equal to 0.1 W / (m×K); the optical adhesive has a visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 70%;

[0027] The thickness of the thermally conductive resin is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm; the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive resin is greater than or equal to 1 W / (m×K).

[0028] In some examples, the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive element is greater than or equal to 3 W / (m×K), or the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive element is greater than or equal to 10 W / (m×K).

[0029] In some examples, the thermally conductive element is selected from any one of sapphire glass, yttrium aluminum garnet glass, silicon carbide glass, alumina glass, high borosilicate glass, ultra-clear glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, quartz glass, microcrystalline glass, spinel glass, graphene thermally conductive glass, indium tin oxide glass, and nanocomposite thermally conductive glass.

[0030] In some examples, the heat-conducting element is attached to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, which is configured to emit image light with a first preset polarization characteristic, and the heat-conducting element does not change the polarization characteristic of the image light passing through it; or,

[0031] The heat-conducting element is attached to the light-incident surface of the display panel. The incident light of the heat-conducting element is light from a light source with a second preset polarization characteristic. The heat-conducting element does not change the polarization characteristic of the light source passing through the heat-conducting element.

[0032] In some examples, the thermally conductive element is bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel;

[0033] The heat-conducting element is sapphire glass; the optical axis of the sapphire glass is parallel to the polarization direction of the image light, or the optical axis of the sapphire glass is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the image light.

[0034] In some examples, the heat-conducting element is attached to the light-incident surface of the display panel, and the image source assembly further includes a backlight source disposed on one side of the incident surface of the display panel. A polarizing transflective film is disposed between the heat-conducting element and the backlight source. The polarizing transflective film is configured to transmit light having the second preset polarization characteristic and reflect light not having the second preset polarization characteristic.

[0035] The heat-conducting element is sapphire glass; the optical axis of the sapphire glass is parallel to the polarization direction of the light having the second preset polarization characteristic, or the optical axis of the sapphire glass is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the light having the second preset polarization characteristic.

[0036] In some examples, the display panel includes a plurality of pixel units, each of which includes a white subpixel, a red subpixel, a green subpixel, and a blue subpixel.

[0037] In some examples, the image source component further includes a backlight source disposed on the backlight side of the display panel; the display panel is divided into multiple display zones, the backlight source is divided into multiple backlight zones, and one backlight zone is configured corresponding to one display zone;

[0038] Each of the backlight zones includes at least one light source; the light sources located in different backlight zones are configured to be driven independently of each other.

[0039] In some examples, the heat-conducting element is fully bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, or the heat-conducting element is fully bonded to the light-incident surface of the display panel; the display panel includes a liquid crystal display panel.

[0040] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a head-up display device, which includes the image source component described in the above embodiments.

[0041] In some examples, the head-up display device further includes a first filter element and / or a second filter element; the thermally conductive element is attached to the light-emitting surface of the display panel;

[0042] The first filter element is disposed on the side of the heat-conducting element away from the display panel; the second filter element is disposed between the heat-conducting element and the display panel.

[0043] Both the first filter element and the second filter element are configured to transmit visible light, reflect or absorb other light.

[0044] In some examples, the head-up display device further includes a first reflective element configured to reflect image light emitted from the display panel out of the head-up display device for magnified imaging;

[0045] The head-up display device further includes a third filter element; the third filter element is disposed on the reflective surface of the first reflective element; the third filter element is configured to reflect the image light and absorb or transmit other light.

[0046] In some examples, the head-up display device includes two image source components, namely a first image source component and a second image source component; the first image source component includes a first display panel, a first thermally conductive element attached to the light-emitting surface or light-incident surface of the first display panel, and a first heat dissipation element connected to the first thermally conductive element; the second image source component includes a second display panel, a second thermally conductive element attached to the light-emitting surface or light-incident surface of the second display panel, and a second heat dissipation element connected to the second thermally conductive element;

[0047] The head-up display device further includes a beam combiner, which is configured to reflect image light emitted from one of the first display panel and the second display panel, and transmit image light emitted from the other; the principal optical axis of the image light reflected by the beam combiner coincides with the principal optical axis of the image light transmitted by the beam combiner.

[0048] In some examples, the first thermally conductive element is bonded to the light-emitting surface of the first display panel, and the second thermally conductive element is bonded to the light-emitting surface of the second display panel; the head-up display device further includes any one or more of a fourth filter element, a fifth filter element, a sixth filter element, a seventh filter element, and an eighth filter element.

[0049] The fourth filter element is disposed on the side of the first heat-conducting element away from the first display panel; the fifth filter element is disposed between the first heat-conducting element and the first display panel; the sixth filter element is disposed on the side of the second heat-conducting element away from the second display panel; the seventh filter element is disposed between the second heat-conducting element and the second display panel; and the eighth filter element is disposed on the surface of the light-combining mirror.

[0050] The fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh filter elements are all configured to transmit visible light, reflect, or absorb other light; the eighth filter element is configured to absorb infrared light.

[0051] In some examples, the beam combiner is also configured to reflect image light emitted from one of the first display panel and the second display panel to the first reflective element, and to transmit image light emitted from the other to the first reflective element;

[0052] or,

[0053] The head-up display device further includes a second reflective element; the second reflective element is configured to reflect image light emitted from the beam combiner to the first reflective element.

[0054] In some examples, the head-up display device further includes one or more of a ninth filter element and a tenth filter element;

[0055] The ninth filter element is disposed on the reflective surface of the second reflective element; the tenth filter element is disposed at the light output port of the head-up display device;

[0056] The ninth filter element is configured to reflect image light and absorb or transmit other light; the tenth filter element is configured to transmit the image light and reflect or absorb other light.

[0057] In some examples, the bonding includes full bonding.

[0058] In some examples, the head-up display device includes N image source components, each of which includes a display panel, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 3; the virtual image distances formed by the image light emitted from each display panel are different.

[0059] In some examples, the light-emitting surface of the display panel is curved, and the curvature causes the virtual image formed by the image light emitted from the image source component to have a first preset shape; or,

[0060] The image source assembly further includes a refractive element disposed on the light-emitting surface side of the display panel, which is configured to refract at least a portion of the image light emitted from the display panel to emit the refracted image light. The image light emitted from at least a portion of different positions on the light-emitting surface of the refractive element travels different optical paths within the refractive element, so that the virtual image shape of the virtual image finally formed by the image light emitted from the image source assembly is a second preset shape.

[0061] In some examples, the head-up display device also includes a temperature sensor configured to detect the temperature of the display panel.

[0062] In some examples, the temperature sensor is disposed on the heat-conducting element or the heat-dissipating element, and the orthographic projection of the temperature sensor on the plane containing the light-emitting surface of the display panel does not overlap with the light-emitting surface.

[0063] In some examples, the temperature sensor is disposed on the surface of the thermally conductive element away from the light-emitting surface of the display panel.

[0064] In some examples, the head-up display device also includes a controller configured to reduce the temperature of the display panel when the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor reaches a threshold.

[0065] In some examples, the head-up display device further includes a housing in which the image source component is disposed;

[0066] A portion of the housing is reused as the heat dissipation element; or...

[0067] The image source assembly further includes a cover configured to secure the display panel and dissipate heat from the display panel, a portion of which is reused as the heat dissipation element, and the heat dissipation element is connected to the housing; or...

[0068] The heat dissipation element is a heat sink or a heat radiator. Attached Figure Description

[0069] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary head-up display device provided in this application.

[0070] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the image source component provided in this application installed in a head-up display device.

[0071] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an image source component provided in this application.

[0072] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another image source component provided in this application.

[0073] Figure 5a is a top view of a heat dissipation element and a heat conduction element overlapping according to this application.

[0074] Figure 5b is a top view of another heat dissipation element and heat conduction element provided in this application.

[0075] Figure 5c is a top view of another heat dissipation element and heat conduction element overlapping according to this application.

[0076] Figure 6 shows a sapphire crystal provided in this application and a schematic diagram of its cutting process.

[0077] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a head-up display device provided in this application.

[0078] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a refractive element provided in this application.

[0079] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of another head-up display device provided in this application.

[0080] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: 1. Display panel; 02. Windshield; 03. First reflective element; 04. Virtual image; 05. Eye box area; 100. Image source assembly; 110. First image source assembly; 120. Second image source assembly; 11. First display panel; 12. Second display panel; 3. Heat-conducting element; 4. Heat-dissipating element; 41. First heat dissipation part; 42. Second heat dissipation part; 5. Cover; 61. Optical adhesive; 62. Thermally conductive resin; 71. Beam combiner; 72. Refractive element; 8. Housing; 81. Light outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0081] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0082] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms “a,” “an,” “an,” “the,” and similar words used in this application do not indicate quantity limitation and may indicate singular or plural. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and any variations thereof used in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or modules (units) is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may also include steps or units not listed, or may include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. The terms “connected,” “linked,” “coupled,” and similar words used in this application are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. “Multiple” used in this application refers to two or more. “And / or” describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist; for example, “A and / or B” can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. The terms "first," "second," and "third" used in this application are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. "Above," "below," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0083] As used herein, “parallel” and “perpendicular” include the described situation and situations that are similar to the described situation, within an acceptable range of deviation, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “parallel” includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate parallelism may be, for example, within 5°; “perpendicular” includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, within 5°.

[0084] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary head-up display (HUD) device, which can be installed on vehicles or other means of transportation. As shown in Figure 1, the HUD device includes an image source component for outputting image light rays, and a first reflective element 03 for reflecting the image light rays emitted from the image source component to magnify and image the displayed image. The image source component includes a display panel 1 and a backlight source providing backlight to the display panel 1, with the display panel 1 disposed on the light-emitting side of the backlight source. For example, the display panel 1 is a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel. The display panel 1 includes multiple pixel units, each pixel unit including multiple sub-pixels; for example, each pixel unit includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel; or, for example, each pixel unit includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, and a white sub-pixel. The display panel 1 is used to convert the light emitted from the backlight source into image light rays capable of forming an image. Subsequently, the image light is reflected by the first reflective element 03 and exits from the light outlet of the head-up display device. It then enters the windshield 02 of the vehicle, is reflected by the windshield 02, and enters the eye box area 05. When the observer's eyes are within the eye box area 05, they can see the image formed by the image light. At this time, the image seen by the observer is a virtual image 04 formed by the windshield 02 through reflection imaging. The observer can be the driver or a passenger. The observer can obtain the required vehicle information from the virtual image in front of their line of sight, such as driving speed, fuel consumption, etc., or other information, such as images from a virtual rearview mirror or audio-visual entertainment system.

[0085] Specifically, the eyebox area 05 of the head-up display device refers to the area where the observer's eyes are located, where they can see the image output by the head-up display device. The eyebox area 05 has a certain size, so even if the observer's eyes are deviated from the center of the eyebox area 05 by a certain distance, such as in the vertical or horizontal directions, as long as they are still within the eyebox area 05, they can see the image output by the head-up display device.

[0086] In the head-up display (HUD) device shown in Figure 1, the image light emitted from the image source can be reflected by the first reflective element 03 and finally enter the eye box area 05. When sunlight backflow occurs, ambient light enters the HUD through the light output port and can then be reflected by the first reflective element 03 to the display panel 1, causing the temperature of the display panel 1 to rise. Under conditions such as high backlight power consumption and excessive sunlight backflow, the temperature of the display panel 1 will rise significantly, and there is even a risk of screen burn-in.

[0087] In view of this, this application provides an image source assembly for a head-up display device, which can solve the above-mentioned problems. Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the image source assembly installed in the head-up display device, Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the heat-conducting element bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, and Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the heat-conducting element bonded to the light-incident surface of the display panel. As shown in Figures 2-4, the image source assembly includes a display panel 1 and a backlight (not shown in the figures). The display panel 1 has a light-emitting surface (i.e., the upper surface of the display panel 1 in Figure 2) and a light-incident surface (i.e., the lower surface of the display panel 1 in Figure 2) arranged opposite to each other along its thickness direction. As the name suggests, the light-incident surface of the display panel 1 is used to receive the light emitted by the backlight. After the light is imaged by multiple pixel units on the display panel 1, it can be transformed into image light and emitted through the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1. In addition to the display panel 1 and the backlight, the image source assembly of this application also includes a heat-conducting element 3 and a heat dissipation element 4. The heat-conducting element 3 is disposed on the light-emitting surface or the light-incident surface of the display panel 1 and is used to dissipate heat from the display panel 1. The heat dissipation element 4 is connected to the heat conduction element 3 to dissipate the heat conducted by the heat conduction element 3. In this way, through the synergistic heat conduction of the heat conduction element 3 and the heat dissipation element 4, the temperature of the display panel 1 can be effectively reduced, avoiding the impact on its normal operation due to excessive temperature.

[0088] In some examples, to improve the heat conduction efficiency of the heat-conducting element 3, it can be directly bonded to the display panel 1, specifically including full bonding between the heat-conducting element 3 and the display panel 1. For example, the heat-conducting element 3 can be fully bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1, or fully bonded to the light-incident surface of the display panel 1. Specifically, in one example, as shown in Figures 2-3, the heat-conducting element 3 is fully bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1, and the side of the heat-conducting element 3 facing away from the display panel 1 overlaps with the heat dissipation element 4. Furthermore, the heat-conducting element 3 covers the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1. That is, the area of ​​the heat-conducting element 3 is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1, thus ensuring that the heat-conducting element 3 can make full contact with the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1 to achieve rapid cooling. In another example, as shown in Figure 4, the heat-conducting element 3 is fully bonded to the light-incident surface of the display panel 1, and the side of the heat-conducting element 3 facing away from the display panel 1 overlaps with the heat dissipation element 4. Preferably, in order to improve heat conduction efficiency and reduce cost, the heat conduction element 3 is set to a shape that is compatible with the display panel 1. For example, when the outer contour of the display panel 1 is rectangular, the heat conduction element 3 is also set to be rectangular.

[0089] In some examples, the heat dissipation element 4 is a heat sink or radiator, meaning that a separate heat sink or radiator is provided in the head-up display device to dissipate heat from the display panel. In other examples, continuing to refer to Figure 2, the image source assembly also includes a cover 5, which is used to fix the display panel 1, and since the cover 5 is made of metal, it can also dissipate heat from the display panel 1. In this case, the cover 5 can be reused as the heat dissipation element 4. For example, a part of the cover 5 can be reused as a first heat dissipation section 41 defining the first window, and other parts of the cover 5 can be connected to the housing 10 of the head-up display device to conduct heat to the housing. Alternatively, the heat dissipation element 4 can be a part of the housing 10 of the head-up display device, and a part of the housing can be made of metal (or the entire housing can be made of metal). This part of the housing can be reused as the heat dissipation element 4, or the entire housing can be made of metal.

[0090] In some examples, the area of ​​the heat-conducting element 3 is larger than the area of ​​the display panel 1 (i.e., the area of ​​the heat-conducting element 3 is larger than the area of ​​the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1, or the area of ​​the heat-conducting element 3 is larger than the area of ​​the light-incident surface of the display panel 1).

[0091] As shown in Figure 3-5c, in order to improve the heat transfer speed between the heat-conducting element 3 and the heat-dissipating element 4, the edge of the heat-dissipating element 4 and the edge of the heat-conducting element 3 are configured to at least partially overlap on the plane where the display panel 1 is located. Here, at least partially overlapping means that the edge of the heat-dissipating element 4 and the edge of the heat-conducting element 3 completely coincide, or that a part of the edge of the heat-dissipating element 4 coincides with the edge of the heat-conducting element 3, and another part extends beyond the heat-conducting element 3. In this case, the part extending beyond the heat-conducting element 3 can be further connected to other heat-dissipating components (e.g., a part of the housing of the head-up display device, the entire housing may be made of metal or this part of the housing may be made of metal) to further dissipate heat.

[0092] The orthographic projection of the heat-conducting element 3 onto the plane of the display panel 1 is a polygon; the orthographic projection of the heat-dissipating element 4 onto the plane of the display panel 1 covers at least one long side of the polygon, where the polygon includes quadrilaterals and rectangles. To improve heat transfer efficiency and connection stability, the orthographic projection of the heat-dissipating element 4 onto the plane of the display panel 1 is configured to cover at least one long side of the polygon, meaning that the heat-dissipating element 4 overlaps with at least one long side of the heat-conducting element 3. Preferably, the orthographic projection of the heat-conducting element 3 onto the plane of the display panel 1 is rectangular (i.e., the heat-conducting element 3 is a rectangular heat-conducting element). As shown in Figures 5a, 5b, and 5c, the orthographic projection of the heat dissipation element 4 on the plane of the display panel 1 covers at least one long side of the orthographic projection of the heat conduction element 3 on the plane of the display panel 1, that is, the heat dissipation element 4 overlaps with at least one long side (e.g., B1) of the heat conduction element 3; or, the heat dissipation element 4 overlaps with both one long side B1 and one short side B2 of the heat conduction element 3; or, the heat dissipation element 4 overlaps with both long sides of the rectangular heat conduction element 3; or, the heat dissipation element 4 overlaps with all four sides of the heat conduction element 3.

[0093] Referring to Figures 4 and 5c, the width of the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projections of the heat dissipation element 4 and the heat conduction element 3 on the plane of the display panel 1, which covers one side of the polygon, is denoted as L1. When the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projections of the heat dissipation element 4 and the heat conduction element 3 on the plane of the display panel 1 covers only one side of the polygon, the width of the overlapping area covering this side is denoted as L1, and the length of the overlapping area covering this side is denoted as S. When the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projections of the heat dissipation element 4 and the heat conduction element 3 on the plane of the display panel 1 covers at least two sides of the polygon, the width of the overlapping area covering each side (also known as the overlap width) is denoted as L, the minimum value of L is denoted as L1, and the length of the overlapping area corresponding to L1 is denoted as S. As shown in Figure 5b, the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projections of the heat dissipation element 4 and the heat conduction element 3 on the plane of the display panel 1 covers two sides of the polygon, namely one long side B1 and one short side B2. The width of the overlapping area covering the short side B2 is less than the width of the overlapping area covering the long side B1. Therefore, the width of the overlapping area covering the short side B2 is denoted as L1, and the length of the overlapping area is denoted as S. In other words, in this disclosure, L1 is the minimum value of the overlap width of each side of the heat dissipation element 4 and the heat conduction element 3.

[0094] Furthermore, the thickness of the heat-conducting element 3 is denoted as D1, the thickness of the heat-dissipating element 4 is denoted as D2, the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element 3 is λ1, and the thermal conductivity of the heat-dissipating element 4 is λ2.

[0095] The heat transfer capacity within the heat-conducting element 3 is λ1×D1×S, the heat transfer capacity at the contact point between the heat-conducting element 3 and the heat dissipation element 4 is λ1×L1×S, and the heat transfer capacity within the heat dissipation element 4 is λ2×D2×S. To ensure that heat can be smoothly transferred from the heat-conducting element 3 to the heat dissipation element 4, on the one hand, the thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation element 4 needs to be no less than that of the heat-conducting element 3, i.e., λ2≥λ1. On the other hand, it needs to ensure that the heat transfer capacity within the heat dissipation element 4 is no less than the heat transfer capacity at the contact point between the heat-conducting element 3 and the heat dissipation element 4, and that the heat transfer capacity at the contact point between the heat-conducting element 3 and the heat dissipation element 4 is no less than the heat transfer capacity within the heat-conducting element 3, i.e., λ1×D1×S≤λ1×L1×S≤λ2×D2×S. Eliminating the identical factors in this inequality, the relationship between the parameters can be obtained, i.e., D1≤L1, and λ1×L1 / λ2≤D2.

[0096] Where L1 depends on D1 and D2, as an optional method, heat can also be transferred from the heat-conducting element 3 to the heat-dissipating element 4 when the above parameters satisfy: α×D1≤L1, α≥0.2, and β×λ1×L1 / λ2≤D2, where β is a constant and β×λ1 / λ2≥0.2. The value of α can be 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 1, etc., and the larger α is, the better the heat dissipation effect; the value of β×λ1 / λ2 can be 0.2, 0.5, 1, etc., and the smaller the value of β×λ1 / λ2, the better the heat dissipation effect.

[0097] In the specific example, the value of D1 can be greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, for example, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, or 3 mm. The value of L1 can be greater than or equal to 0.1 mm. The value of D2 can be greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, for example, 1.5 mm or 2 mm. The value of λ1 can be greater than or equal to 3 W / (m×K), more preferably, greater than or equal to 10 W / (m×K), for example, 15 W / (m×K), 20 W / (m×K), 25 W / (m×K), or 30 W / (m×K). The value of λ2 can be greater than or equal to 1W / (m×K), more preferably greater than or equal to 20W / (m×K), for example 40W / (m×K), or 70W / (m×K), or 90W / (m×K), or 160W / (m×K), or 200W / (m×K), or 380W / (m×K).

[0098] It should be noted that the portion of the heat dissipation element 4 that overlaps with the heat conduction element 3 will not obstruct the propagation of image light emitted from the display panel 1. For example, the orthographic projection of the portion of the heat dissipation element 4 that overlaps with the heat conduction element 3 onto the plane of the display panel 1 is located in the peripheral area of ​​the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1; or, the orthographic projection of the portion of the heat dissipation element 4 that overlaps with the heat conduction element 3 onto the plane of the display panel 1 is located in the non-display area of ​​the display panel 1.

[0099] In some examples, the visible light transmittance (light with a wavelength range of 400nm to 760nm) of the heat-conducting element 3 is greater than or equal to 80%, and the material of the heat-conducting element 3 includes, but is not limited to, any one of sapphire glass, yttrium aluminum garnet glass, silicon carbide glass, alumina glass, high borosilicate glass, ultra-clear glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, quartz glass, microcrystalline glass, spinel glass, graphene thermally conductive glass, indium tin oxide glass, and nanocomposite thermally conductive glass. The heat dissipation element 4 includes, but is not limited to, any one of iron, magnesium, aluminum, and copper, or an alloy material composed of two or more of iron, magnesium, aluminum, and copper.

[0100] It should be noted that in this disclosure, the image light emitted from the display panel can be polarized light. For the heat-conducting element 3 disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1, the heat-conducting element 3 can be a crystalline material. In this case, the heat-conducting element 3 cannot change the polarization characteristics of the image light emitted from the light-emitting surface. For the heat-conducting element 3 disposed on the light-incident surface of the display panel 1, the heat-conducting element 3 can also be a crystalline material. If the incident light from the display panel 1 is polarized light, then the heat-conducting element 3 cannot change the polarization characteristics of the incident light. Taking sapphire glass as an example, the sapphire glass is a birefringent crystal with (c), (a), and (m) directions. (c) refers to the normal direction of the c-plane of the sapphire glass, which is also the principal axis direction of the crystal. Typically, sapphire glass grows along the (c) direction, therefore the (c) direction has high hardness and good optical properties. The (a) direction is the normal direction of the a-plane, and the (m) direction is the direction of the angle bisector between the two a-planes within the c-plane. Sapphire glass is obtained by cutting large sapphire crystals. In order to make the cut sapphire glass meet the requirements, its crystal orientation needs to be determined before cutting.

[0101] In some examples, the sapphire glass is bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1, specifically, it can be fully bonded. The display panel 1 is configured to emit image light with a first preset polarization characteristic. The sapphire glass is configured not to change the polarization characteristic of the image light passing through it, to ensure normal display of the head-up display device. Here, the first preset polarization characteristic may include, for example, an S-polarization characteristic or a P-polarization characteristic. Specifically, taking an S-polarization characteristic as an example, the sapphire glass not changing the polarization characteristic of the image light passing through it means that the optical axis of the sapphire glass (i.e., the (c) direction) is parallel to the polarization direction of the S-polarized light, or the optical axis of the sapphire glass is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the S-polarized light. Thus, the image light after passing through the sapphire glass retains its original polarization characteristic, thereby ensuring that the head-up display device can display images normally. For example, when cutting a sapphire crystal, it is necessary to determine the crystal orientation, identify the a-plane and the (c) direction, and cut the sapphire crystal parallel to the a-plane, and make the (c) direction parallel or perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted from the LCD.

[0102] In other examples, the sapphire glass is bonded to the light-incident surface of the display panel 1, specifically, the sapphire glass and the light-incident surface of the display panel 1 are fully bonded. A polarizing reflective film is also provided between the sapphire glass and the backlight. The backlight is used to emit light (i.e., backlight), which is natural light, including S-polarized light and P-polarized light. The polarizing reflective film is configured to transmit light with a second preset polarization characteristic and reflect light without the second preset polarization characteristic. That is, only light with the second preset polarization characteristic can pass through the polarizing reflective film and enter the sapphire glass, and further enter the display panel 1. Since the light is natural light, and only light with the second polarization characteristic (e.g., P-polarized light) can enter the interior of the display panel 1 through the light-incident surface of the display panel 1, and is finally converted into image light by the display panel 1 and emitted from the light-emitting surface; light without the second polarization characteristic (e.g., light with the first polarization characteristic) cannot be used by the display panel 1. This part of the light reaches the light-incident surface of the display panel 1, which will cause the temperature of the display panel 1 to rise. Therefore, by reflecting light that does not have the second preset polarization characteristic through the polarizing reflective film, the temperature of the display panel 1 can be prevented from rising after the light source light that cannot be used by the display panel 1 reaches the light-incident surface of the display panel 1. At this time, the sapphire glass is configured not to change the polarization characteristic of the light source light passing through it, so as to ensure that the display panel 1 can receive the light source light with the correct polarization characteristic. Here, the second preset polarization characteristic may include, for example, P-polarized light or S-polarized light. Specifically, taking P-polarized light as the second preset polarization characteristic, the sapphire glass not changing the polarization characteristic of the light source light passing through it means that the optical axis of the sapphire glass (i.e., (c) direction) is parallel to the polarization direction of P-polarized light, or the optical axis of the sapphire glass is perpendicular to the polarization direction of P-polarized light. In this way, the light source light after passing through the sapphire glass still maintains its original polarization characteristic, thereby ensuring that the display panel 1 can receive normal light source light.

[0103] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, the optical axis of the sapphire glass is parallel to the polarization direction of a certain type of light, including both absolute parallelism and approximately parallelism between the optical axis of the sapphire glass and the polarization direction of the light, wherein approximately parallelism can be, for example, an angular deviation of less than 5° between the optical axis and the polarization direction of the light; and the optical axis of the sapphire glass is perpendicular to the polarization direction of a certain type of light, including both absolute perpendicularity and approximately perpendicularity between the optical axis of the sapphire glass and the polarization direction of the light, wherein approximately perpendicularity can be, for example, an angular deviation of less than 5° between the optical axis and the polarization direction of the light.

[0104] In practical operation, for examples where the optical axis of sapphire glass needs to be set perpendicular or parallel to the polarization direction of light with preset polarization characteristics, the sapphire crystal needs to be cut at a specific angle and direction. Taking a cylindrical sapphire crystal as an example, as shown in Figure 6, the axial direction of the cylindrical sapphire crystal is (c) and includes 6 a-planes. If the polarization direction of light with preset polarization characteristics is located within the a-plane, one of the a-planes can be selected as the reference plane for cutting, and cutting can be performed along a direction parallel to the reference plane to cut the sapphire crystal into multiple thin slices. These thin slices can then be cut into sapphire glass of suitable shape and size, thus obtaining a heat-conducting element that meets the requirements.

[0105] Of course, in some examples, the light incident on the sapphire glass is natural light. That is, the sapphire glass is fully bonded to the light-incident surface of the display panel 1, and the light emitted from the backlight passes directly through the sapphire glass to reach the display panel 1. In this case, there are no requirements regarding the cutting direction of the sapphire glass. Specifically, when natural light is incident on the sapphire glass, if it is incident along the optical axis of the sapphire glass, no birefringence will occur, and the light emanating from the sapphire glass will still be natural light. If the incident direction of the light is at a certain angle to the optical axis of the sapphire glass, the sapphire glass will produce birefringence, splitting the natural light into two beams with mutually perpendicular polarization directions. However, only the polarization component parallel to the polarization direction of the lower polarizer in the display panel 1 can pass through the display panel 1, which is the same as the effect of natural light incident on the sapphire glass. When the display panel 1 is a liquid crystal display panel, the liquid crystal display panel includes an upper polarizer, a color filter, a liquid crystal layer, a TFT array substrate, and a lower polarizer.

[0106] In some examples, continuing to refer to Figures 2-3, the heat dissipation element 4 includes a first heat dissipation portion 41 defining a first window, and a second heat dissipation portion 42 connected to the first heat dissipation portion 41. Here, the first window is used to emit image light emitted by the display panel 1. The first heat dissipation portion 41 has a ring-shaped structure, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the heat-conducting element 3 and the display panel 1. For example, for a rectangular display panel, the first heat dissipation portion 41 is a rectangular ring. The display panel 1 includes a display area and a non-display area. The first window exposes at least the display area of ​​the display panel 1 (e.g., the first window just exposes the display area, or the first window exposes both the display area and the non-display area surrounding the display area), so that all image light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1 passes through the first window, and the first heat dissipation portion 41 does not obstruct the propagation of the image light. The diameter of the first window monotonically increases or remains constant along the direction away from the display panel 1.

[0107] In some examples, continuing to refer to Figures 2-3, in order to increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the heat dissipation element 4 and improve heat dissipation efficiency, the diameter of the first window is set to increase monotonically along the direction away from the display panel. In this case, the first window can be approximated as a trumpet-shaped structure.

[0108] In some examples, as shown in Figures 2-4, the heat-conducting element 3 disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1 includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction. The first surface is bonded to the light-emitting or light-receiving surface of the display panel 1 by optical adhesive 61, specifically, it can be fully bonded. The second surface is overlapped with the heat dissipation element 4 by thermally conductive resin 62. For example, to simultaneously ensure high thermal conductivity and high light transmittance, the optical adhesive 61 can be a material with a thermal conductivity greater than or equal to 0.1 W / (m×K), preferably greater than or equal to 0.2 W / (m×K), for example 0.3 W / (m×K), or 1 W / (m×K), and a visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 70%. Similarly, in order to improve thermal conductivity, the thickness of the thermally conductive resin 62 is set to be greater than or equal to 0.05 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, for example 0.1 mm, 0.3 mm, or 0.5 mm, and a resin material with a thermal conductivity greater than or equal to 1 W / (m×K) is selected. The thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive resin 62 is, for example, 2 W / (m×K), 3 W / (m×K), or 5 W / (m×K).

[0109] In some examples, the backlight in the image source component may include multiple light sources arranged in an array. The light sources may specifically be electroluminescent elements, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), mini LEDs, micro LEDs, cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs), electroluminescent displays (ELDs), cold LED lights (CLLs), electroluminescent (ELs), field emission displays (FEDs), halogen lamps, or metal halide lamps, etc. This common embodiment does not limit this.

[0110] For example, the backlight can be divided into multiple backlight zones, and the display panel 1 can be divided into multiple display zones, with each backlight zone corresponding to one of the display zones. Each backlight zone includes at least one light source, and the light sources in different backlight zones can be driven independently. This arrangement is because, in practical applications, the image content in different areas may have different brightness and color requirements. By dividing the backlight into multiple backlight zones and corresponding them one-to-one with the display zones of the display panel 1, local dimming functionality can be achieved. In this case, the head-up display device can precisely control the brightness of the light source in the corresponding backlight zone based on the image content presented in each display zone. For example, when a display zone displays a dark image or has no content, its corresponding backlight zone can reduce its brightness or turn off its light source, thereby significantly improving the contrast of the image. Simultaneously, this zoned control method can effectively reduce backlight power consumption because the entire backlight no longer needs to operate at a uniform high brightness; instead, the brightness of each zone is dynamically adjusted according to actual needs. Furthermore, local dimming technology can reduce halo effects, meaning that in a high-contrast image, light from bright areas will not excessively spill into the surrounding dark areas, thus maintaining the clarity and purity of the image.

[0111] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a head-up display device, which includes the image source component in the above embodiments.

[0112] In some examples, the head-up display device includes not only the display panel 1, backlight, heat-conducting element 3, and heat dissipation element 4 in the image source assembly, but also a first filter element and / or a second filter element. The heat-conducting element is fully bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, the first filter element is disposed on the side of the heat-conducting element 3 facing away from the display panel 1, and the second filter element is disposed between the heat-conducting element 3 and the display panel 1 (in this case, the second filter element is disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display panel through a coating process or by bonding, and the heat-conducting element is fully bonded to the light-emitting surface on which the second filter element is disposed; or, the second filter element is disposed on the first surface of the heat-conducting element through a coating process or by bonding, and the first surface on which the second filter element is disposed is then fully bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel). Exemplarily, both the first and second filter elements are configured to transmit visible light, reflect, or absorb other light; for example, both the first and second filter elements are selected from any one of an infrared reflective film, a first infrared absorption film, a polarized light reflective film, a first polarized light absorption film, and a preset wavelength filter film. The infrared reflective film is configured to transmit visible light and reflect infrared light. Since the image light emitted from the display panel 1 is visible light, the infrared reflective film can transmit the image light emitted from the display panel 1 and reflect the reflected infrared light. Specifically, the transmittance of the infrared reflective film for image light can be 20%–100%, such as 70%, 80%, 95%, etc., and the reflectance for infrared light can be 50%–99%, such as 95%. The first infrared absorption film is configured to transmit visible light and absorb infrared light. Since the image light emitted from the display panel 1 is visible light, the infrared absorption film can transmit the image light emitted from the display panel 1 and absorb the reflected infrared light. Specifically, the transmittance of the infrared absorption film for image light can be 20%–100%, such as 70%, 80%, 95%, etc., and the absorption rate for infrared light can be 50%–99%, such as 95%. Taking an example where the image light emitted from the display panel 1 has a first polarization characteristic: the polarized light reflective film is configured to transmit light with the first polarization characteristic and reflect light with a second polarization characteristic. For example, the first polarization characteristic can be S-polarization, and the second polarization characteristic can be P-polarization. Specifically, the transmittance of the polarizing reflective film to the image light can be 10% to 50%, such as 30%, 40%, 50%, etc. The first polarizing absorber film is configured to transmit light with the first polarization characteristic and absorb light with the second polarization characteristic. For example, the first polarization characteristic can be S-polarization, and the second polarization characteristic can be P-polarization. Specifically, the transmittance of the polarizing reflective film to the image light can be 10% to 50%, such as 30%, 40%, 50%, etc. Taking the image light emitted from the display panel 1 having three preset wavelengths as an example: the preset wavelength filter film is configured to transmit light with the three preset wavelengths and reflect or absorb light that does not have the three preset wavelengths.A preset wavelength filter film is a filtering device with three specific wavelength transmission windows, which allows light within three specific wavelength ranges to pass through while reflecting or absorbing light of other wavelengths. For example, the wavelength ranges of light allowed to pass through the three characteristic wavelength transmission windows may be 420–460 nm, 525 nm–565 nm, and 580 nm–620 nm. Of course, the three specific wavelength windows may also allow only specific wavelengths of light to pass through, such as only allowing light of 440 nm, 545 nm, and 600 nm to pass through, while reflecting or absorbing light of other wavelengths. Both the first filter element and the second filter element may include one or more layers of the above-described film layers, and this is not limited in the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0113] In some examples, the head-up display device further includes a first reflective element 03 and a third filter element disposed on the reflective surface of the first reflective element 03. The first reflective element 03 is configured to reflect image light emitted from the display panel 1 out of the head-up display device for magnified imaging. The first reflective element 03 includes a curved reflector. The third filter element is configured to reflect image light and absorb or transmit other light. The third filter element can be selected from any one of an infrared transmitting film, a second infrared absorbing film, a polarized light transmitting film, and a second polarized light absorbing film. The infrared transmitting film can transmit infrared light and reflect visible light; the second infrared absorbing film can absorb infrared light and reflect visible light; the polarized light transmitting film can reflect light with a first polarization characteristic and transmit light without the first polarization characteristic (e.g., light with a second polarization characteristic); the second polarized light absorbing film can reflect light with the first polarization characteristic and absorb light without the first polarization characteristic (e.g., light with a second polarization characteristic), wherein the image light emitted from the display panel 1 has the first polarization characteristic.

[0114] In some examples, the head-up display device may have two or more image source components, and the virtual image distances formed by the image light emitted from each display panel 1 in each image source component are different. Taking a head-up display device including two image source components as an example, as shown in Figure 7, the two image source components are a first image source component 110 and a second image source component 120. The first image source component 110 includes a first display panel 11, a first thermally conductive element 31 that is bonded (including but not limited to full bonding) to the light-emitting or light-receiving surface of the first display panel 11, and a first heat dissipation element 41 connected to the first thermally conductive element 31. The second image source component 120 includes a second display panel 12, a second thermally conductive element 32 that is bonded (including but not limited to full bonding) to the light-emitting or light-receiving surface of the second display panel 12, and a second heat dissipation element 42 connected to the second thermally conductive element 32. Specifically, the edge of the first thermally conductive element 31 overlaps with the first heat dissipation element 41, and the edge of the second thermally conductive element 32 overlaps with the second heat dissipation element 42. The first display panel 11 is configured to emit first image light rays for forming a first virtual image VI1, and the first heat-conducting element 31 and the first heat-dissipating element 41 are used to dissipate heat from the first display panel 11. The second display panel 12 is configured to emit second image light rays for forming a second virtual image VI2, and the second heat-conducting element 32 and the second heat-dissipating element 42 are used to dissipate heat from the second display panel 12.

[0115] Furthermore, the virtual image distances of the first virtual image VI1 formed by the first image rays and the second virtual image VI2 formed by the second image rays are different; for example, the virtual image distance of the first virtual image VI1 is greater than that of the second virtual image VI2. In one example, the content presented by the first virtual image VI1 and the second virtual image VI2 is related; for example, the first virtual image VI1 presents brief information about the displayed content, and the second virtual image VI2 presents detailed information about the displayed content. In another example, the content presented by the first virtual image VI1 and the second virtual image VI2 is not related or has little correlation; for example, the first virtual image VI1 presents navigation guidance prompts, and the second virtual image VI2 presents audio-visual entertainment images. In some examples, the centers of the first virtual image VI1, the second virtual image VI2, and the eye box area of ​​the head-up display device are on the same straight line. In other examples, the first virtual image VI1 and the second virtual image VI2 only need to overlap at least partially in the vertical direction, that is, the two virtual images overlap in the virtual image height direction.

[0116] In addition, referring to Figure 7, the head-up display device also includes a beam combiner 71, which is configured to reflect image light emitted from one of the first display panel 11 and the second display panel 12, and transmit image light emitted from the other. Taking the beam combiner transmitting the first image light and reflecting the second image light as an example, the beam combiner 71 is also configured such that the principal optical axis of the second image light reflected by the beam combiner coincides with the principal optical axis of the first image light transmitted by the beam combiner on the light-emitting side of the beam combiner, that is, the two image light rays are merged into one. The merged first image light ray and the second image light ray are reflected by the first reflective element 03 and then enter the windshield 02, and finally enter the eye box area 05. The observer can see the first virtual image VI1 and the second virtual image VI2 formed in front of the windshield 02 in the eye box area 05.

[0117] In some examples, continuing to refer to Figure 7, the first reflective element 03 is configured to receive and magnify the image light reflected and transmitted by the beam combiner, and can also adjust the imaging distance and imaging size of the head-up display device. For example, the imaging distance and imaging size can be changed by altering the magnification and mounting position of the first reflective element 03. The magnification can be changed by adjusting parameters such as the curvature of the first reflective element 03.

[0118] The first reflecting element 03 can be, for example, a curved reflector. Optionally, the curved reflector can be a concave reflector, that is, a reflector with a concave curved surface. When the curved reflector is a concave reflector, if the optical distance between the display panel and the concave reflector is less than the focal length of the concave reflector, the concave reflector forms an upright and magnified virtual image based on the image output from the display panel. For example, according to the imaging properties of a concave reflector, when the optical distance between the display panel and the concave reflector is less than the focal length of the concave reflector (that is, the display panel is within one focal length of the concave reflector), the image distance of the concave reflector increases with the increase of the optical distance between the display panel and the concave reflector. In other words, the greater the optical distance between the display panel and the concave reflector, the greater the distance between the observer and the virtual image they see.

[0119] Optionally, the curved mirror is a free-form mirror, that is, a mirror with a free-form surface, or a surface that does not have rotational symmetry, in order to improve the imaging quality of the head-up display device.

[0120] In some examples, in addition to the first image source assembly 110, the second image source assembly 120, and the beam combiner 71, the head-up display device also includes a second reflective element (not shown in the figure). The second reflective element is configured to reflect image light emitted from the beam combiner to the first reflective element 03. The first reflective element 03 here has the same structure and function as the first reflective element 03 described above, and will not be repeated here. The second reflective element can be, for example, a plane mirror or a curved mirror.

[0121] In some examples, the head-up display device includes only one image source component, but can emit a continuously zooming virtual image. Here, the continuously zooming virtual image comprises multiple virtual image portions, each extending in a different direction and reaching a different distance from the eye-box region. For example, the continuously zooming virtual image includes a first virtual image portion and a second virtual image portion. The first virtual image portion is perpendicular to the road surface, and the second virtual image portion is tilted relative to the road surface (including but not limited to an angle of 10° to 45°), and the lower end of the first virtual image portion and the upper end of the second virtual image portion are continuously transitioned without any gaps or separations. Thus, for the final image presented by the head-up display device, different virtual image portions can highlight different content.

[0122] This application provides two methods to enable a head-up display device to emit a continuously zoomed virtual image. The first method involves setting the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1 in the image source assembly to a curved surface (specifically, the display panel 1 can be a curved display panel). This allows the optical path lengths of the virtual images formed by image rays emitted from different positions on the curved surface to reach the eye box region to be different, thus presenting a continuously zoomed virtual image, i.e., a first preset shape. The second method, as shown in FIG8, involves providing a refractive element 72 on the light-emitting surface side of the display panel 1. The refractive element 72 is configured to refract the image rays emitted from the display panel 1, and the optical path lengths of the image rays emitted from at least some different positions on the light-emitting surface of the refractive element 72 within the refractive element 72 are different. Furthermore, the optical path lengths of the image rays emitted from the light-emitting surface of the refractive element 72 within the refractive element 72 match the shape of the virtual image portion formed by these rays. In this configuration, the refractive element 72 can be configured such that the refractive indices of the refractive elements at at least some of the different positions are different. Thus, the optical path of the image light emitted from different positions of the refractive element 72 to the first reflective element 03 is different, which can also enable the head-up display device to emit a continuously zoomed virtual image, that is, the second preset shape.

[0123] In some examples, in addition to the first image source assembly 110, the second image source assembly 120, the light combining mirror 71, the first reflective element 03, and the second reflective element, the head-up display device also includes one or more of the fourth filter element, the fifth filter element, the sixth filter element, the seventh filter element, the eighth filter element, the ninth filter element, and the tenth filter element.

[0124] The first heat-conducting element 31 is bonded to the light-emitting surface of the first display panel 11, and the second heat-conducting element 32 is bonded to the light-emitting surface of the second display panel 12. A fourth light-filtering element is disposed on the side of the first heat-conducting element 31 facing away from the first display panel 11; a fifth light-filtering element is disposed between the first heat-conducting element 31 and the first display panel 11; a sixth light-filtering element is disposed on the side of the second heat-conducting element 32 facing away from the second display panel 12; and a seventh light-filtering element is disposed between the second heat-conducting element 32 and the second display panel 12. The fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh light-filtering elements are all configured to transmit visible light, reflect, or absorb other light. For example, the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh light-filtering elements are all selected from any one of an infrared reflective film, a first infrared absorption film, a polarized light reflective film, and a first polarized light absorption film.

[0125] An eighth filter element is disposed on the surface of the beam combiner 71 and is configured to absorb infrared light. Specifically, when the eighth filter element is disposed on the surface of the beam combiner 71 facing the second image source assembly 120, the eighth filter element can absorb infrared light and can reflect and transmit visible light (e.g., the reflectivity and transmittance of visible light are both 50%); when the eighth filter element is disposed on the surface of the beam combiner 71 facing the first image source assembly 110, the eighth filter element can absorb infrared light and can transmit visible light (e.g., the transmittance of visible light is greater than or equal to 70%, 80%, 90%, etc.).

[0126] A ninth filter element is disposed on the reflective surface of the second reflective element. The ninth filter element is configured to reflect image light and absorb or transmit other light. For example, the ninth filter element is selected from any one of an infrared-transmitting film, a second infrared-absorbing film, a polarized light-transmitting film, and a second polarized light-absorbing film. The optical characteristics of the infrared-transmitting film, the second infrared-absorbing film, the polarized light-transmitting film, and the second polarized light-absorbing film can be referred to above and will not be repeated here.

[0127] In some examples, the head-up display device also includes a temperature sensor TP, which is configured to detect the temperature of one or more display panels 1 in the head-up display device. The temperature sensor TP is in contact with at least one of the heat-conducting element 3, the heat-dissipating element 4, and the display panel 1. Furthermore, to avoid the temperature sensor TP affecting the display effect of the display panel 1, the orthographic projection of the temperature sensor TP onto the plane of the display panel 1 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1. Preferably, the temperature sensor TP is disposed on the surface of the heat-conducting element 3 facing away from the display panel 1, and the orthographic projection of the temperature sensor TP onto the plane of the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1. This arrangement allows the detected temperature to be closer to the actual temperature of the display panel 1 while avoiding affecting imaging, thus preventing overheating of the image source components.

[0128] In some examples, the head-up display device also includes a controller connected to a temperature sensor TP, configured to issue a first control command to reduce the temperature of the display panel 1 when the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor TP reaches a threshold. In one example, the controller may be connected to a drive circuit that controls the brightness of a backlight, the drive circuit reducing the brightness of the backlight in response to the first control command. In another example, the controller may be connected to a heat dissipation device (e.g., a fan) that starts operating in response to the first control command to reduce the temperature of the display panel. Of course, the controller may also be connected to an alert device (e.g., a notification light) that issues an alert signal in response to the first control command, reminding the user to lower the brightness.

[0129] In some examples, as shown in Figure 9, the head-up display device may also include a housing 8, within which all the components described above are located. The housing 8 has a light-emitting port 81 to allow image light to escape. A cover 5 may be connected to the housing 8 to conduct heat from the display panel 1 to the housing 8 for heat dissipation.

[0130] In some examples, the head-up display device also includes a tenth filter element disposed at the light exit port 81. This tenth filter element is configured to transmit image light and reflect or absorb other light, such as any one selected from an infrared reflective film, a first infrared absorption film, a polarized light reflective film, and a first polarized light absorption film. The optical characteristics of the infrared reflective film, the first infrared absorption film, the polarized light reflective film, and the first polarized light absorption film are described above and will not be repeated here. It should also be noted that, in order to improve the filtering efficiency of the filter elements, the first to tenth filter elements mentioned in this application at least partially cover their corresponding surfaces (e.g., the light-emitting surface of the display panel, the surface of the light combiner, the reflective surface of the first reflective element, etc.), or completely cover their corresponding surfaces.

[0131] In this disclosure, the above-mentioned filter element can reduce the amount of external ambient light (e.g., sunlight) that can reach the light-emitting surface of the display panel 1, thereby preventing a large amount of external ambient light from shining on the display panel 1, which could cause the display panel 1 to overheat or even burn out and the device to age.

[0132] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An image source component for use in a head-up display device; the image source component includes a display panel; characterized in that, The image source assembly further includes a heat-conducting element and a heat dissipation element connected to the heat-conducting element; the heat-conducting element is disposed on the light-emitting surface or the light-incident surface of the display panel; The heat-conducting element is configured to conduct heat from the display panel to the heat dissipation element; The heat dissipation element is configured to dissipate the heat conducted by the heat-conducting element.

2. The image source assembly of claim 1, wherein, The heat-conducting element is attached to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, and the side of the heat-conducting element away from the display panel overlaps with the heat dissipation element; or, the heat-conducting element is attached to the light-incident surface of the display panel, and the side of the heat-conducting element away from the display panel overlaps with the heat dissipation element.

3. The image source assembly of claim 2, wherein, The heat-conducting element is attached to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, and the heat-conducting element covers the light-emitting surface of the display panel; The heat dissipation element includes a first heat dissipation portion defining a first window, and a second heat dissipation portion connected to the first heat dissipation portion; the first heat dissipation portion is an annular structure, and the annular structure at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the edge of the heat-conducting element on the plane where the display panel is located; The first window is used to emit light emitted by the display panel.

4. The image source assembly of claim 3, wherein, The diameter of the first window increases monotonically or remains constant along the direction away from the display panel.

5. The image source assembly of claim 1, wherein, The edge of the heat-conducting element and the edge of the heat-dissipating element at least partially overlap on the orthographic projection of the plane where the display panel is located.

6. The image source assembly of claim 5, wherein, The orthographic projection of the heat-conducting element onto the plane of the display panel is a polygon; the orthographic projection of the heat-dissipating element onto the plane of the display panel covers at least one long side of the polygon.

7. The image source assembly of claim 6, wherein, The polygons include quadrilaterals and rectangles.

8. The image source component according to claim 6, characterized in that, The width of the overlapping area of ​​the heat dissipation element and the heat conduction element in the orthographic projection on the plane of the display panel, which covers one side of the polygon, is L1; the thickness of the heat conduction element is D1; ​​and the thickness of the heat dissipation element is D2. The D1 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, the L1 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, and the D2 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm.

9. The image source assembly of claim 8, wherein, The conditions D1 and L1 satisfy: α×D1≤L1, α≥0.

2.

10. The image source assembly of claim 8, wherein, The thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element is λ1, and the thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation element is λ2; the above parameters satisfy: β×λ1×L1 / λ2≤D2, where β is a constant, and β×λ1 / λ2≥0.

2.

11. The image source assembly of claim 8, wherein, The value of D1 is 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, or 3mm. The D2 is equal to 1.5mm or equal to 2mm; The thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element is λ1, and the thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation element is λ2. λ1 is equal to 15W / (m×K), or equal to 20W / (m×K), or equal to 25W / (m×K), or equal to 30W / (m×K); λ2 is equal to 40W / (m×K), or equal to 70W / (m×K), or equal to 90W / (m×K), or equal to 160W / (m×K), or equal to 200W / (m×K), or equal to 380W / (m×K).

12. The image source assembly of claim 1, wherein, The heat dissipation element is a heat sink or a radiator; or... The image source assembly further includes a cover configured to secure the display panel and dissipate heat from the display panel, a portion of which is reused as the heat dissipation element; or... The heat dissipation element is part of the housing of the head-up display device.

13. The image source assembly of claim 1, wherein, The heat dissipation element comprises a metal material; the thermal conductivity of the metal material is greater than or equal to 1 W / (m×K), or the thermal conductivity of the metal material is greater than or equal to 20 W / (m×K).

14. The image source assembly of claim 13, wherein, The material of the heat dissipation element is selected from any one of iron, magnesium, aluminum, and copper, or an alloy material composed of two or more of iron, magnesium, aluminum, and copper.

15. The image source assembly of claim 1, wherein, The heat-conducting element includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction; the first surface is bonded to the light-emitting surface or the light-incident surface of the display panel by optical adhesive, and the second surface is bonded to the heat dissipation element by thermally conductive resin; The optical adhesive has a thermal conductivity greater than or equal to 0.1 W / (m×K); the optical adhesive has a visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 70%; The thickness of the thermally conductive resin is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm; the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive resin is greater than or equal to 1 W / (m×K).

16. The image source assembly of claim 1, wherein, The thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element is greater than or equal to 3 W / (m×K), or the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element is greater than or equal to 10 W / (m×K).

17. The image source assembly of claim 1, wherein, The thermal conductive element is selected from any one of the following: sapphire glass, yttrium aluminum garnet glass, silicon carbide glass, alumina glass, high borosilicate glass, ultra-clear glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, quartz glass, microcrystalline glass, spinel glass, graphene thermal conductive glass, indium tin oxide glass, and nanocomposite thermal conductive glass.

18. The image source assembly of claim 1, wherein, The heat-conducting element is attached to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, and the display panel is configured to emit image light with a first preset polarization characteristic. The heat-conducting element does not change the polarization characteristic of the image light passing through the heat-conducting element. or, The heat-conducting element is attached to the light-incident surface of the display panel. The incident light of the heat-conducting element is light from a light source with a second preset polarization characteristic. The heat-conducting element does not change the polarization characteristic of the light source passing through the heat-conducting element.

19. The image source assembly of claim 18, wherein, The heat-conducting element is bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel; The heat-conducting element is sapphire glass; the optical axis of the sapphire glass is parallel to the polarization direction of the image light, or the optical axis of the sapphire glass is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the image light.

20. The image source assembly of claim 18, wherein, The heat-conducting element is attached to the light-incident surface of the display panel, and the image source assembly also includes a backlight source disposed on one side of the incident surface of the display panel. A polarizing reflective film is disposed between the heat-conducting element and the backlight source. The polarizing transmissive film is configured to transmit light having the second preset polarization characteristic and reflect light not having the second preset polarization characteristic. The heat-conducting element is sapphire glass; the optical axis of the sapphire glass is parallel to the polarization direction of the light having the second preset polarization characteristic, or the optical axis of the sapphire glass is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the light having the second preset polarization characteristic.

21. The image source assembly of claim 1, wherein, The display panel includes multiple pixel units, each pixel unit including a white sub-pixel, a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel.

22. The image source assembly of claim 1, wherein, The image source component also includes a backlight source disposed on the backlight side of the display panel; the display panel is divided into multiple display zones, the backlight source is divided into multiple backlight zones, and one backlight zone is correspondingly disposed to one display zone; Each of the backlight zones includes at least one light source; the light sources located in different backlight zones are configured to be driven independently of each other.

23. The image source assembly of any of claims 1-2, 5-18, 21-22, wherein, The heat-conducting element is fully bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, or the heat-conducting element is fully bonded to the light-incident surface of the display panel; the display panel includes a liquid crystal display panel.

24. The image source assembly of any of claims 3, 4, 19, wherein, The heat-conducting element is fully bonded to the light-emitting surface of the display panel; the display panel includes a liquid crystal display panel.

25. The image source assembly of claim 20, wherein, The heat-conducting element is fully bonded to the light-incident surface of the display panel; the display panel includes a liquid crystal display panel.

26. A head-up display device comprising an image source component as claimed in any one of claims 1-25.

27. The head-up display device of claim 26, wherein, The head-up display device further includes a first filter element and / or a second filter element; the heat-conducting element is attached to the light-emitting surface of the display panel; The first filter element is disposed on the side of the heat-conducting element away from the display panel; the second filter element is disposed between the heat-conducting element and the display panel. Both the first filter element and the second filter element are configured to transmit visible light, reflect or absorb other light.

28. The head-up display apparatus of claim 26, wherein, The head-up display device further includes a first reflective element configured to reflect image light emitted from the display panel out of the head-up display device for magnified imaging; The head-up display device further includes a third filter element; the third filter element is disposed on the reflective surface of the first reflective element; the third filter element is configured to reflect the image light and absorb or transmit other light.

29. The head-up display apparatus of claim 26, wherein, The head-up display device includes two image source components, namely a first image source component and a second image source component; the first image source component includes a first display panel, a first heat-conducting element attached to the light-emitting surface or the light-incident surface of the first display panel, and a first heat-dissipating element connected to the first heat-conducting element; the second image source component includes a second display panel, a second heat-conducting element attached to the light-emitting surface or the light-incident surface of the second display panel, and a second heat-dissipating element connected to the second heat-conducting element; The head-up display device further includes a beam combiner, which is configured to reflect image light emitted from one of the first display panel and the second display panel, and transmit image light emitted from the other; the principal optical axis of the image light reflected by the beam combiner coincides with the principal optical axis of the image light transmitted by the beam combiner.

30. The head-up display device of claim 29, wherein, The first heat-conducting element is bonded to the light-emitting surface of the first display panel, and the second heat-conducting element is bonded to the light-emitting surface of the second display panel; the head-up display device further includes any one or more of the fourth filter element, the fifth filter element, the sixth filter element, the seventh filter element, and the eighth filter element. The fourth filter element is disposed on the side of the first heat-conducting element away from the first display panel; the fifth filter element is disposed between the first heat-conducting element and the first display panel; the sixth filter element is disposed on the side of the second heat-conducting element away from the second display panel; the seventh filter element is disposed between the second heat-conducting element and the second display panel; and the eighth filter element is disposed on the surface of the light-combining mirror. The fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh filter elements are all configured to transmit visible light, reflect, or absorb other light; the eighth filter element is configured to absorb infrared light.

31. The head-up display apparatus of claim 29, wherein, The beam combiner is further configured to reflect image light emitted from one of the first display panel and the second display panel to the first reflective element, and to transmit image light emitted from the other to the first reflective element; or, The head-up display device further includes a second reflective element; the second reflective element is configured to reflect image light emitted from the beam combiner to the first reflective element.

32. The head-up display apparatus of claim 31, wherein, The head-up display device further includes one or more of a ninth filter element and a tenth filter element; The ninth filter element is disposed on the reflective surface of the second reflective element; the tenth filter element is disposed at the light output port of the head-up display device; The ninth filter element is configured to reflect image light and absorb or transmit other light; the tenth filter element is configured to transmit the image light and reflect or absorb other light.

33. The head-up display apparatus according to any one of claims 27, 29, 30, wherein The bonding includes full bonding.

34. The head-up display apparatus of claim 26, wherein, The head-up display device includes N image source components, each of which includes a display panel, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 3; the virtual image distance of the virtual image ultimately formed by the image light emitted from each display panel is different.

35. The head-up display apparatus of claim 26, wherein, The light-emitting surface of the display panel is curved, and the curvature ensures that the shape of the virtual image formed by the image light emitted from the image source component is a first preset shape; or... The image source assembly further includes a refractive element disposed on the light-emitting surface side of the display panel, which is configured to refract at least a portion of the image light emitted from the display panel to emit the refracted image light. The image light emitted from at least a portion of different positions on the light-emitting surface of the refractive element travels different optical paths within the refractive element, so that the virtual image shape of the virtual image finally formed by the image light emitted from the image source assembly is a second preset shape.

36. The head-up display apparatus of claim 26, wherein, The head-up display device also includes a temperature sensor configured to detect the temperature of the display panel.

37. The head-up display apparatus of claim 36, wherein, The temperature sensor is disposed on the heat-conducting element or the heat-dissipating element, and the orthographic projection of the temperature sensor on the plane where the light-emitting surface of the display panel is located does not overlap with the light-emitting surface.

38. The head-up display apparatus of claim 37, wherein, The temperature sensor is disposed on the surface of the heat-conducting element away from the light-emitting surface of the display panel.

39. The heads-up display device of claim 36, wherein, The head-up display device also includes a controller configured to reduce the temperature of the display panel when the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor reaches a threshold.

40. The head-up display apparatus of claim 26, wherein, The head-up display device also includes a housing, and the image source component is disposed within the housing; A portion of the housing is reused as the heat dissipation element; or... The image source assembly further includes a cover configured to secure the display panel and dissipate heat from the display panel, a portion of which is reused as the heat dissipation element, and the heat dissipation element is connected to the housing; or... The heat dissipation element is a heat sink or a heat radiator.

Images