Method and apparatus for inference reporting using ai / ml in wireless communication system

Abstract

This method of a UE may comprise the steps of: receiving report configuration information from a base station; measuring, on the basis of the report configuration information, RS resources received from the base station via beams to be measured; inputting measurement results of the measured RS resources into an AI model to generate an inference result through inference of the AI model, wherein the inference result includes information about beam(s) selected from prediction results for beams to be predicted; generating, on the basis of the report configuration information, an inference report message including the inference result; and transmitting the inference report message to the base station via an UL channel based on UL resource information.

Description

Method and apparatus for inference reporting using AI / ML in a wireless communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a reporting technology in a wireless communication system, and more specifically, to an inference reporting technology using artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) in a wireless communication system.

[0002] Along with the advancement of information and communication technology, various wireless communication technologies are being developed. Representative wireless communication technologies include LTE (long term evolution) and NR (new radio), which are defined in the 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) standards. LTE can be one of the wireless communication technologies among 4G (4th Generation) wireless communication technologies, and NR can be one of the wireless communication technologies among 5G (5th Generation) wireless communication technologies.

[0003] In order to process the rapidly increasing amount of wireless data following the commercialization of 4G communication systems (e.g., communication systems supporting LTE), 5G communication systems (e.g., communication systems supporting NR) that use frequency bands higher than those of 4G communication systems (e.g., frequency bands below 6 GHz) as well as frequency bands above 6 GHz have been developed and are reaching the commercialization stage. 5G communication systems can support eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand), URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication), and mMTC (massive Machine Type Communication).

[0004] In 4G and 5G communication systems, MIMO (multiple input multiple output) was introduced to improve network capacity, performance, and frequency efficiency between the network (e.g., base station (gNB)) and user equipment (UE). MIMO technology is a beamforming technology that uses multiple antennas, allowing the network and UEs to communicate with each other through beamforming.

[0005] Meanwhile, 3GPP, which establishes technical standards for 5G communication systems, is proposing various methods for communication using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies. 3GPP is discussing how to support both cases where network nodes have AI / ML models and cases where UEs have AI / ML models. Additionally, at 3GPP, AI / ML models can be used for beam management.

[0006] However, to date, no reporting configurations for beam management or methods for reporting inference results have been presented when a UE possesses an AI / ML model. Furthermore, no specific method has been provided regarding how a UE should report the results of inference using an AI / ML model to the network. Therefore, in mobile communication systems where a UE possesses an AI / ML model, there is a need to develop reporting configurations for beam management, methods for reporting inference results, and methods and devices for reporting the results of inference using the AI / ML model to the network.

[0007] The objective of the present disclosure to address the above requirements is to provide a method for reporting a report setting and inference result for beam management when a UE in a mobile communication system has an AI / ML model, and a method and apparatus for reporting an inference result using an AI / ML model to a network.

[0008] A method of user equipment (UE) according to one embodiment of the disclosure for achieving the above-mentioned purpose may include: receiving reporting setting information from a base station, wherein the reporting setting information includes a set B containing resources of reference signals (RS) corresponding to beams to be measured, a set A containing RS resources corresponding to beams to be predicted, a beam inference method, a transmission method of the RS, an inference reporting type, and uplink (UL) resources to be used for reporting; measuring the RS resources received from the base station through the beams to be measured based on the reporting setting information, wherein the RS resources are resources included in the set B; when an inference condition of an artificial intelligence (AI) model mounted on the UE is satisfied, inputting the measurement results of the measured RS resources into the AI ​​model to generate an inference result through inference by the AI ​​model, wherein the inference result is information of beam(s) selected from the prediction results for the beams to be predicted; generating an inference reporting message including the inference result based on the reporting setting information; and transmitting the inference reporting message to the base station through a UL channel based on the UL resource information.

[0009] The beam inference method indicates a first inference method and / or a second inference method, wherein the first inference method is a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference in a spatial domain for a single time instance, and the second inference method may be a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference for a plurality of time instances.

[0010] The measurement results of the above-mentioned measured RS resources may include a beam identifier and a layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) corresponding to each of the above-mentioned measured RS resources.

[0011] The above inference report message may include a beam identifier (beam ID) corresponding to each of the selected beam(s) and a predicted layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value.

[0012] If the above inference reporting type is set to periodic reporting, the inference condition of the AI ​​model may be satisfied when the inference reporting time according to the periodic reporting arrives.

[0013] If the above inference reporting type is set to semi-persistent reporting, the inference condition of the AI ​​model can be satisfied if an inference reporting activation instruction is received from the base station before receiving the RS.

[0014] The above report setting information is received from the base station via a radio resource control (RRC) signaling message, and the above inference report enable instruction can be received from the base station via a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) message.

[0015] The method may further include a step of stopping the inference of the AI ​​model when receiving an instruction to disable the inference report from the base station.

[0016] When the above inference report type is set to periodic reporting, the inference condition of the AI ​​model can be satisfied when an inference report instruction message is received from the base station.

[0017] The above report setting information is received from the base station via a radio resource control (RRC) signaling message, and the above inference report activation instruction message can be received from the base station via downlink control information (DCI).

[0018] A method of user equipment (UE) according to another embodiment of the disclosure for achieving the above-mentioned purpose comprises: receiving reporting setting information from a base station—including a set B containing resources of reference signals (RS) corresponding to beams to be measured, a set A containing RS resources corresponding to beams to be predicted, a beam inference method, a transmission method of the RS, an inference reporting type, and uplink (UL) resources to be used for reporting; measuring the RS resources received from the base station through the beams to be measured based on the reporting setting information—the RS resources are resources included in the set B; when an inference reporting instruction is received from the base station, if the inference condition of an artificial intelligence (AI) model mounted on the UE is satisfied, inputting the measurement results of the measured RS resources into the AI ​​model to generate an inference result through the inference of the AI ​​model—the inference result is information of the beam(s) selected from the prediction results for the beams to be predicted; and generating an inference reporting message including the inference result based on the reporting setting information. and may include the step of transmitting the inference report message to the base station through a UL channel based on the UL resource information.

[0019] The beam inference method indicates a first inference method and / or a second inference method, wherein the first inference method is a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference in a spatial domain for a single time instance, and the second inference method may be a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference for a plurality of time instances.

[0020] The measurement results of the above-mentioned measured RS resources may include a beam identifier and a layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) corresponding to each of the above-mentioned measured RS resources.

[0021] The above inference report message may include a beam identifier (beam ID) corresponding to each of the selected beam(s) and a predicted layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value.

[0022] The above report setting information is received from the base station via a radio resource control (RRC) signaling message, and the above inference report activation instruction message can be received from the base station via downlink control information (DCI).

[0023] The method may further include the step of stopping the measurement of the RSs included in Set B when RS deactivation information is received from the base station; and the step of stopping inference using the AI ​​model.

[0024] A method of user equipment (UE) according to another embodiment of the disclosure for achieving the above-mentioned purpose comprises: receiving reporting setting information from a base station, wherein the reporting setting information includes a set B comprising resources of reference signals (RS) corresponding to beams to be measured, a set A comprising RS resources corresponding to beams to be predicted, a beam inference method, a transmission method of the RS, an inference reporting type set atypically, and uplink (UL) resources to be used for reporting; when an inference reporting instruction is received from the base station, measuring the RS resources received from the base station through the beams to be measured based on the reporting setting information, wherein the RS resources are resources included in the set B; when an inference condition of an artificial intelligence (AI) model mounted on the UE is satisfied, inputting the measurement results of the measured RS resources into the AI ​​model to generate an inference result through the inference of the AI ​​model, wherein the inference result is information of beam(s) selected from the prediction results for the beams to be predicted; and generating an inference reporting message including the inference result based on the reporting setting information. and may include the step of transmitting the inference report message to the base station through a UL channel based on the UL resource information.

[0025] The beam inference method indicates a first inference method and / or a second inference method, wherein the first inference method is a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference in a spatial domain for a single time instance, and the second inference method may be a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference for a plurality of time instances.

[0026] The measurement results of the above-mentioned measured RS resources may include a beam identifier and a layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) corresponding to each of the above-mentioned measured RS resources.

[0027] The above inference report message may include a beam identifier (beam ID) corresponding to each of the selected beam(s) and a predicted layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value.

[0028] The above report setting information is received from the base station via a radio resource control (RRC) signaling message, and the above inference report instruction can be received from the base station via either a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) message or downlink control information (DCI).

[0029] A method of a base station according to another embodiment of the disclosure for achieving the above-mentioned purpose may include the step of transmitting reporting setting information to user equipment (UE), wherein the reporting setting information includes a set B comprising resources of reference signals (RS) corresponding to beams to be measured, a set A comprising RS resources corresponding to beams to be predicted, a beam inference method, a transmission method of the RS, an inference reporting type, and uplink (UL) resources to be used for reporting; the step of transmitting RSs to the UE through the beams to be measured based on the reporting setting information; and the step of receiving an inference reporting message from the UE through a UL channel based on the UL resource information, wherein the inference reporting message includes an inference result by an artificial intelligence (AI) model mounted on the UE, and the inference result may be information of beam(s) selected from the prediction result for the beams to be predicted.

[0030] If the above inference report type is set to periodic reporting, the above inference report message can be received at the inference report time according to the periodic reporting.

[0031] If the above inference reporting type is set to semi-persistent reporting, the method may further include the step of transmitting an inference reporting activation instruction to the UE before transmitting the RSs to the UE through the measurement target beams.

[0032] If the above inference reporting type is set to periodic reporting, the method may further include the step of transmitting an inference reporting activation instruction to the UE before transmitting the RSs to the UE through the measurement target beams.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an inference reporting procedure using a UE side model may be provided. According to the inference reporting procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the UE can transmit inference results to a base station based on report setting information without receiving a special triggering or signaling message from the base station for inference reporting, so that signaling overhead for inference reporting can be reduced.

[0034] In addition, if the inference reporting period is set longer than the RS transmission period, the UE may not perform frequent inference, thereby reducing the UE's power consumption. Furthermore, if the inference reporting period is set longer than the CSI-RS transmission period, the number of inference report messages transmitted is reduced, which may have the advantage of reducing the overhead caused by the transmission of inference report messages.

[0035] In addition, by using inference report activation instructions and inference report deactivation instructions to ensure that inference report messages are transmitted only during the necessary time intervals, the transmission of unnecessary inference report messages can be reduced.

[0036] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of a communication system.

[0037] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a communication node constituting a communication system.

[0038] FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the configuration in which AI / ML is mounted on a base station and a UE to which the present disclosure applies, and the case in which beamforming is performed.

[0039] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results based on DCI when beam measurements are set periodically.

[0040] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results based on report setting information when beam measurements are set periodically.

[0041] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results based on DCI when beam measurement is set to semi-permanent.

[0042] Figure 7 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results based on report setting information when beam measurement is set to semi-permanent.

[0043] Figure 8 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results when beam measurements are set non-periodically.

[0044] Figure 9 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results when beam measurements are set non-periodically.

[0045] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the case where a UE transmits an inferred report message to a base station based on report setting information.

[0046] FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating the case where a UE transmits an inference report message to a base station based on report setting information and an inference report activation instruction.

[0047] FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a case where a UE transmits an inference report message to a base station based on report setting information and inference report instructions set for periodic RS transmission.

[0048] FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating the case where a UE transmits an inference report message to a base station based on report setting information, RS activation instructions, and inference report instructions.

[0049] FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a case where a UE transmits an inference report message to a base station based on report setting information and inference report instructions set for non-periodic RS transmission.

[0050] The present disclosure is capable of various modifications and may have various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the present disclosure to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that it includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0051] Terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various components, but said components should not be limited by said terms. Such terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first component may be named the second component, and similarly, the second component may be named the first component. The term "and / or" includes a combination of a plurality of related described items or any of a plurality of related described items.

[0052] When it is stated that one component is "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that while it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, there may also be other components in between. On the other hand, when it is stated that one component is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between.

[0053] The terms used in this disclosure are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this disclosure. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this disclosure, terms such as “comprising” or “having” are intended to specify the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this disclosure.

[0055] A communication system to which embodiments according to the present disclosure are applied will be described. The communication system to which embodiments according to the present disclosure are applied is not limited to the details described below, and embodiments according to the present disclosure may be applied to various communication systems. Here, the term "communication system" may be used interchangeably with "communication network."

[0056] Throughout the specification, a network may include, for example, wireless internet such as WiFi (wireless fidelity), mobile internet such as WiBro (wireless broadband internet) or WiMAX (world interoperability for microwave access), 2G mobile communication networks such as GSM (global system for mobile communication) or CDMA (code division multiple access), 3G mobile communication networks such as WCDMA (wideband code division multiple access) or CDMA2000, 3.5G mobile communication networks such as HSDPA (high speed downlink packet access) or HSUPA (high speed uplink packet access), 4G mobile communication networks such as LTE (long term evolution) networks or LTE-Advanced networks, and 5G mobile communication networks.

[0057] Throughout the specification, the term "terminal" may refer to a mobile station, mobile terminal, subscriber station, portable subscriber station, user equipment, access terminal, etc., and may include all or part of the functions of a terminal, mobile station, mobile terminal, subscriber station, portable subscriber station, user equipment, access terminal, etc.

[0058] Here, a desktop computer, laptop computer, tablet PC, wireless phone, mobile phone, smartphone, smart watch, smart glass, e-book reader, PMP (portable multimedia player), portable game console, navigation device, digital camera, DMB (digital multimedia broadcasting) player, digital audio recorder, digital audio player, digital picture recorder, digital picture player, digital video recorder, digital video player, etc., capable of communicating with a terminal can be used.

[0059] Throughout the specification, the term "base station" may refer to an access point, a radio access station, a node B, an evolved node B, a base transceiver station, a mobile multihop relay (MMR)-BS, etc., and may include all or part of the functions of a base station, access point, radio access station, node B, eNodeB, base transceiver station, MMR-BS, etc.

[0060] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. In order to facilitate an overall understanding of the present disclosure, the same reference numerals are used for identical components in the drawings, and redundant descriptions of identical components are omitted.

[0061] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of a communication system.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 1, the communication system (100) may include a plurality of communication nodes (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6). The plurality of communication nodes may support 4G communication (e.g., LTE (long term evolution), LTE-A (advanced)), 5G communication (e.g., NR (new radio)), etc., as defined in the 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) standard. 4G communication may be performed in a frequency band of 6 GHz or lower, and 5G communication may be performed not only in a frequency band of 6 GHz or lower but also in a frequency band of 6 GHz or higher.

[0063] For example, for 4G communication and 5G communication, multiple communication nodes can support communication protocols based on CDMA (code division multiple access), WCDMA (wideband CDMA), TDMA (time division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing), Filtered OFDM, CP (cyclic prefix)-OFDM, DFT-s-OFDM (discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), SC (single carrier)-FDMA, NOMA (Non-orthogonal Multiple Access), GFDM (generalized frequency division multiplexing), FBMC (filter bank multi-carrier) based communication protocol, UFMC (universal filtered multi-carrier) based communication protocol, SDMA (Space Division Multiple Access) based communication protocol, etc.

[0064] Additionally, the communication system (100) may further include a core network. If the communication system (100) supports 4G communication, the core network may include an S-GW (serving-gateway), a P-GW (PDN (packet data network)-gateway), an MME (mobility management entity), etc. If the communication system (100) supports 5G communication, the core network may include a UPF (user plane function), an SMF (session management function), an AMF (access and mobility management function), etc.

[0065] Meanwhile, each of the plurality of communication nodes (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) constituting the communication system (100) may have the following structure.

[0066] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a communication node constituting a communication system.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 2, the communication node (200) may include at least one processor (210), a memory (220), and a transceiver (230) that is connected to a network to perform communication. Additionally, the communication node (200) may further include an input interface device (240), an output interface device (250), a storage device (260), etc. Each component included in the communication node (200) may be connected by a bus (270) to communicate with one another.

[0068] However, each component included in the communication node (200) may be connected via individual interfaces or individual buses centered around the processor (210), rather than via a common bus (270). For example, the processor (210) may be connected via a dedicated interface to at least one of a memory (220), a transmission / reception device (230), an input interface device (240), an output interface device (250), and a storage device (260).

[0069] The processor (210) can execute a program command stored in at least one of the memory (220) and the storage device (260). The processor (210) may mean a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor on which the methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure are performed. Each of the memory (220) and the storage device (260) may be composed of at least one of a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium. For example, the memory (220) may be composed of at least one of read-only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM).

[0070] Referring again to FIG. 1, the communication system (100) may include a plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) and a plurality of terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6). The communication system (100) including the base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) and terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) may be referred to as an "access network". Each of the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) can form a macro cell. Each of the fourth base station (120-1) and the fifth base station (120-2) can form a small cell. The fourth base station (120-1), the third terminal (130-3), and the fourth terminal (130-4) may be located within the cell coverage of the first base station (110-1). The second terminal (130-2), the fourth terminal (130-4), and the fifth terminal (130-5) may be located within the cell coverage of the second base station (110-2). The fifth base station (120-2), the fourth terminal (130-4), the fifth terminal (130-5), and the sixth terminal (130-6) may be located within the cell coverage of the third base station (110-3). The first terminal (130-1) may be located within the cell coverage of the fourth base station (120-1). The sixth terminal (130-6) may be located within the cell coverage of the fifth base station (120-2).

[0071] Here, each of the multiple base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may be referred to as Node B, evolved Node B, base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, access point, access node, road side unit (RSU), radio remote head (RRH), transmission point (TP), transmission and reception point (TRP), eNB, gNB, etc.

[0072] Each of the multiple terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) may be referred to as a UE (user equipment), terminal, access terminal, mobile terminal, station, subscriber station, mobile station, portable subscriber station, node, device, IoT (Internet of Thing) device, mounted module / device / terminal or on board device / terminal, etc.

[0073] Meanwhile, each of the multiple base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may operate in different frequency bands or in the same frequency band. Each of the multiple base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may be connected to each other via an ideal backhaul link or a non-ideal backhaul link, and may exchange information with each other via an ideal backhaul link or a non-ideal backhaul link. Each of the multiple base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) may be connected to a core network via an ideal backhaul link or a non-ideal backhaul link. Each of the multiple base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) can transmit a signal received from the core network to the corresponding terminal (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6), and can transmit a signal received from the corresponding terminal (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) to the core network.

[0074] In addition, each of the multiple base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) can support MIMO transmission (e.g., SU (single user)-MIMO, MU (multi user)-MIMO, massive MIMO, etc.), CoMP (coordinated multipoint) transmission, CA (carrier aggregation) transmission, transmission in an unlicensed band, device-to-device communication (D2D) (or ProSe (proximity services)), etc. Here, each of the plurality of terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) can perform an operation corresponding to the base station (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) and an operation supported by the base station (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2). For example, the second base station (110-2) can transmit a signal to the fourth terminal (130-4) based on the SU-MIMO method, and the fourth terminal (130-4) can receive a signal from the second base station (110-2) based on the SU-MIMO method. Alternatively, the second base station (110-2) can transmit a signal to the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5) based on the MU-MIMO method, and each of the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5) can receive a signal from the second base station (110-2) by the MU-MIMO method.

[0075] Each of the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) can transmit a signal to the fourth terminal (130-4) based on the CoMP method, and the fourth terminal (130-4) can receive a signal from the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) by the CoMP method. Each of the multiple base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2) can transmit and receive signals based on the CA method with terminals (130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6) within its cell coverage area. Each of the first base station (110-1), the second base station (110-2), and the third base station (110-3) can control D2D between the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5), and each of the fourth terminal (130-4) and the fifth terminal (130-5) can perform D2D by controlling each of the second base station (110-2) and the third base station (110-3).

[0076] Next, methods for configuring and managing wireless interfaces in a communication system will be described. Even when a method performed by a first communication node among the communication nodes (e.g., transmission or reception of a signal) is described, the corresponding second communication node may perform a method corresponding to the method performed by the first communication node (e.g., reception or transmission of a signal). That is, when the operation of a terminal is described, the corresponding base station may perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the terminal. Conversely, when the operation of a base station is described, the corresponding terminal may perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the base station.

[0077] Meanwhile, in a communication system, a base station can perform all functions of the communication protocol (e.g., remote radio transmission and reception functions, baseband processing functions). Alternatively, among all functions of the communication protocol, the remote radio transmission and reception function may be performed by a TRP (transmission reception point) (e.g., f(flexible)-TRP), and among all functions of the communication protocol, the baseband processing function may be performed by a BBU (baseband unit) block. The TRP may be an RRH (remote radio head), RU (radio unit), TP (transmission point), etc. A BBU block may include at least one BBU or at least one DU (digital unit). A BBU block may be referred to as a "BBU pool," "centralized BBU," etc. A TRP may be connected to a BBU block via a wired fronthaul link or a wireless fronthaul link. A communication system composed of backhaul links and fronthaul links may be as follows. When the function split method of the communication protocol is applied, the TRP can selectively perform some functions of the BBU or some functions of MAC (medium access control) / RLC (radio link control).

[0078] In the present disclosure, a phrase containing "~ case (e.g., when ~)" may be expressed as a phrase containing "~ based on (e.g., based on ~)" or a phrase containing "~ in response to (e.g., in response to ~)". In other words, a phrase containing "~ case" may be interpreted as identical or similar to a phrase containing "~ based on" or a phrase containing "~ in response to".

[0079] Meanwhile, in a mobile communication system using a high-frequency method, a beam management (BM) procedure may be performed for communication using a beamforming method. In the beam management procedure, a base station (gNB) may transmit a reference signal (RS) to a UE within a cell through multiple beams. The RS transmitted by the base station to the UE for the beam management procedure in a mobile communication system includes, for example, a synchronization signal block (SSB) and a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS). The UE may receive one or more beams among those transmitted by the base station. The UE may receive the RSs transmitted through each of the received beams and perform measurements on the received RSs. The UE may generate a measurement report message containing the measurement results for the RSs and transmit the generated measurement report message to the base station. Based on the measurement report message received from the UE, the base station may select a beam suitable for communication with the corresponding UE.

[0080] The beam management procedure between the base station and the UE may occur at times such as when the UE first connects to the base station or while communication is being performed between the base station and the UE. Generally, because the UE is mobile, the beam initially formed between the base station and the UE may not remain the optimal beam. The base station requires the beam management procedure described above to maintain the optimal beam between the base station and the UE. Therefore, 3GPP standards stipulate that the base station transmits upper-layer signaling messages (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling messages) configured with RS transmission information and / or measurement report information to the UE.

[0081] On the other hand, the 3GPP organization, which is conducting standardization of mobile communication systems, has agreed to introduce artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies into networks (e.g., base stations (gNBs)) and / or UEs. Discussions are continuing within 3GPP regarding the application of AI / ML technologies from various perspectives, such as the application of AI / ML technologies from the perspective of radio access networks (RAN), the application of AI / ML technologies from the perspective of 5G core networks, and the application of AI / ML technologies from the perspective of network management.

[0082] 3GPP has agreed to apply AI / ML technology to beam management procedures from a RAN perspective. AI / ML technology can be considered in unidirectional models, where the AI / ML model is deployed only in the network or only in the UE, and bidirectional models, where it is deployed in both the network and the UE. In the disclosure described below, the AI / ML model is assumed to be a model for beam management. For convenience of explanation, the network is assumed to be a base station. Furthermore, in the following description, the AI / ML model deployed in the base station will be referred to as the network-side model (NW side model), and the AI / ML model deployed in the UE will be referred to as the UE-side model (UE side model).

[0083] FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the configuration in which AI / ML is mounted on a base station and a UE to which the present disclosure applies, and the case in which beamforming is performed.

[0084] The base station (310) may be equipped with an NW side model (311), which is an AI / ML model for beam management, and the UE (320) may be equipped with a UE side model (321), which is an AI / ML model for beam management. The base station (310) may be configured in whole or in part of the configuration of the communication node described above in FIG. 2. If the base station (310) has the configuration of FIG. 2, the NW side model (311), which is an AI / ML model for beam management, may be stored in the memory (220) or storage device (260) of FIG. 2 and may be executed by the processor (210). The base station (310) may also have additional configurations in addition to the configuration described in FIG. 2. For example, the base station (310) may further include an interface for connection with the core network and / or an interface for connection with an adjacent base station. In addition, when the base station (310) is configured in a functionally divided form, the transmission and reception device (230) within the base station (310) may be composed of a plurality of transmission and reception points (TRP) or a plurality of radio units (RU) and / or distributed units (DU).

[0085] The UE (320) may be composed of all or part of the configuration of the communication node described above in FIG. 2. If the UE (320) has the configuration of FIG. 2, the UE side model (321), which is an AI / ML model for beam management, may be stored in the memory (220) or storage device (260) of FIG. 2 and may be executed by the processor (210). The UE (320) may also have additional configurations in addition to the configuration described in FIG. 2. The UE (320) may further include a camera module, a speaker, a microphone and / or various sensors. In addition, the UE (320) may further include various modules for user convenience.

[0086] In FIG. 3, the case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models is illustrated, but only the base station (310) may have an AI / ML model, or only the UE (320) may have an AI / ML model. As another example, even if both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, only the NW side model (311) may perform inference, or only the UE side model (321) may perform inference.

[0087] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the base station (310) can form a plurality of transmission beams (301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308) and can transmit signals through the plurality of transmission beams (301-308). For example, the base station (310) can transmit RS, such as SSB and / or CSI-RS, through the plurality of transmission beams (301-308). When the base station (310) transmits RS through the plurality of transmission beams (301-308), the base station (310) can transmit by sweeping each of the transmission beams. When beam sweeping, the base station (310) can transmit RS through the first transmission beam (301) at the first time point, transmit RS through the second transmission beam (302) at the second time point, and transmit RS through the third transmission beam (303) at the third time point. In this way, the base station (310) can transmit RS through the eighth transmission beam (308) at the eighth time point. In the example of FIG. 3, the case where the number of transmission beams (301-308) of the base station (310) is eight is illustrated, but this is merely an example to aid understanding and should not be interpreted as being limited thereto.

[0088] The UE (320) can receive one or more of the transmission beam(s) among the multiple transmission beams (301-308) transmitted by the base station (310). When the UE (320) receives one or more transmission beam(s), it can receive the transmission beam(s) transmitted by the base station (310) using one or more of the multiple reception beam(s) (331, 332, 333). The UE (320) can receive the transmission beams (301-308) using each of the multiple reception beams (331-333). For example, the UE (320) can receive transmission beams (301-308) transmitted by the base station (310) using the first receiving beam (331), then receive transmission beams (301-308) transmitted by the base station (310) using the second receiving beam (332), and finally receive transmission beams (301-038) transmitted by the base station (310) using the third receiving beam (333). In the example of FIG. 3, the case where the number of receiving beams (331-333) of the UE (320) is three is illustrated, but this is merely an example to aid understanding and should not be interpreted as being limited thereto.

[0089] First, a case in which inference is performed in the NW side model (311) of the base station (310) is described. The UE (320) can receive RSs transmitted through each of the transmission beams (301-308) using each of the receiving beams (331-333), and can measure the layer 1 (L1)-reference signal received power (RSRP) (L1-RSRP) for each of the received RSs. The UE (320) can generate a beam measurement report message based on the beam measurement report settings received from the base station (310), and can transmit the generated beam measurement report message to the base station (310).

[0090] Next, a case in which inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320) is described. When the UE (320) uses an AI / ML model, the base station (310) may configure and / or indicate that the inference results of the UE side model (321) be reported to the base station (310). The UE (320) may generate an inference report message containing the inference results based on the method configured (or indicated) by the base station, and may transmit the generated inference report message to the base station (310). The inference results of the UE side model (321) may be beam prediction information at a specific future point in time(s). The beam prediction information may be a predicted L1-RSRP value.

[0091] [Report Configuration and Operation Methods]

[0092] As described above, the report message of the UE (320) may include beam measurement values ​​for the NW side model (311) or inference results from the UE side model (321). To this end, the configuration of the report setting message and the method of operation thereof are described below.

[0093] (1) Reporting settings for the base station's NW side model

[0094] If the base station (310) uses an AI / ML model, the base station (310) can configure and / or indicate beam measurement reports to the UE (320) for the NW side model (311).

[0095] As one method for configuring the UE (320) to transmit beam measurement report messages, a beam report configuration defined in 3GPP standards may be used. The beam report configuration may be configured to transmit beam measurement report messages to the UE (320) using upper layer signaling messages, for example, RRC signaling messages. More specifically, the base station (310) may configure the UE (320) to transmit beam measurement report messages using the channel state information (CSI)-report configuration (CSI-ReportConfig) information element (IE) of the RRC signaling message. The CSI-ReportConfigIE may include at least the following information.

[0096] a) Type and amount of information to be reported after beam measurement

[0097] b) Downlink (DL) resource information subject to beam measurement. For example, resource information through which RS is transmitted.

[0098] c) Uplink (UL) resource information to be used for beam reporting after beam measurement

[0099] The information to be reported after beam measurement may be the measured value and / or the inference result by an AI / ML model. More specifically, the DL resource information to be beam measured may be the RS resource corresponding to each of the beams to be measured. The UL resource information to be used for beam reporting may be, for example, information on the UL resource (e.g., UL channel) to which the report message (measurement report message or inference report message) is transmitted.

[0100] For convenience of explanation in the following description, CSI-ReportConfigIE is referred to as CSI-ReportConfig.

[0101] Alternatively, a new RRC signaling message may be defined as another method for the base station (310) to set and / or instruct the UE (320) to use beam measurements and reports as inputs to the NW side model (311). The new RRC signaling message may also include information included in the CSI-ReportConfig exemplified above, and may include additional information.

[0102] The UE (320) can measure a beam based on the configuration information of the CSI-ReportConfig or a new RRC signaling message received from the base station (310), and can transmit (report) a beam measurement report message containing measurement information for the measured beam to the base station (310). The beam measurement report message reported by the UE (320) to the base station may include a beam identifier (ID) and a beam measurement value (e.g., L1-RSRP value) that measures the RS received through the beam. The beam identifier may be, for example, an identifier of the RS transmitted through the beam. As another example, the beam measurement report message may include measurement information for two or more beams. For example, if the beam measurement report message includes measurement information for two or more beams, the beam measurement report message may include an identifier for each of the multiple beams and L1-RSRP values ​​corresponding to each of the multiple beams.

[0103] The base station (310) can receive a beam measurement report message from the UE (320). The measurement value(s) included in the beam measurement report message received from the UE (320) can be used as input to the NW side model (311). In other words, the information included in the beam measurement report message can be input information for inference of the NW side model (311).

[0104] (2) Reporting settings for the UE side model of the UE

[0105] When the UE (320) uses an AI / ML model, the base station (310) can configure and / or indicate that the inference results of the UE side model (321) be reported to the base station (310). To configure the inference result reporting, the base station (310) may use the upper layer signaling message (e.g., RRC signaling message) described above in the NW side model (311). In other words, the base station (310) may use CSI-ReportConfig or define and use a new RRC signaling message to configure the inference result reporting of the UE side model (321).

[0106] A UE (320) having a UE side model (321) can receive RS through a beam transmitted by a base station (310) and can use the result of measuring the received RS as an input to the UE side model (321). The result of measuring the received RS may be an L1-RSRP value. The UE (320) can obtain an inference result by using the L1-RSRP value corresponding to each of the beams as an input to the UE side model (321). The UE (320) can generate an inference report message based on the inference result according to a method set (or directed) by the base station and can transmit the generated inference report message to the base station (310). The inference result of the UE side model (321) may be beam prediction information at a specific future time(s). The beam prediction information may include a predicted L1-RSRP value.

[0107] Beam prediction information may vary depending on beam management case 1 (BM case 1) and beam management case 2 (BM case 2).

[0108] In BM case 1, the beam prediction information may be the result of inference in which the UE side model (321) predicts a beam in the spatial domain for a single time instance based on the measurement(s) of RS received prior to prediction. In BM case 2, the beam prediction information may be the result of inference in which the UE side model (321) predicts beams for multiple future time instances based on the measurement(s) of RS received prior to prediction.

[0109] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the reporting settings transmitted to the UE (321) for BM in a network where an AI / ML model is used may be operated with the following three reporting settings.

[0110] - Measurement report settings for beam management

[0111] - Measurement reporting settings for NW-sided models

[0112] - UE side model prediction reporting settings

[0113] The three reporting settings exemplified above can be set in the UE (320) based on one of the following methods.

[0114] First, the measurement report settings for beam management, the measurement report settings for the NW side model, and the prediction report settings for the UE side model can each be provided from the base station (310) to the UE (320) through individual RRC signaling messages.

[0115] For example, the base station (310) may send an RRC signaling message containing a beam measurement report setting to the UE (320) when a measurement report for beam management is required. For the measurement report for beam management, the CSI-ReportConfig defined in the 3GGP specification may be used.

[0116] The base station (310) can transmit an RRC signaling message containing measurement report settings for the NW side model to the UE (320) when a measurement report for the NW side model is required, and can transmit a prediction report setting for the UE side model to the UE (320) when a prediction report for the UE side model is required. The measurement report setting for the NW side model and the prediction report setting for the UE side model can be used by newly defining the RRC signaling message.

[0117] As in the first method, if different RRC signaling messages are defined for each of the three different reporting settings and set for the UE (320), the efficiency of measurement and reporting for each BM operation can be increased.

[0118] Second, the base station (310) can provide the measurement report settings for beam management, the measurement report settings for the NW side model, and the prediction report settings for the UE side model to the UE (320) through a single RRC signaling message.

[0119] To use the second method, the RRC signaling message may be newly defined. The newly defined RRC signaling message may include configuration information of CSI-ReportConfig, which transmits measurement report settings for beam management in the current 3GPP standard.

[0120] As with the second method, if the beam measurement report setting, the measurement report setting for the NW side model, and the prediction report setting for the UE side model are all set to the UE (320) through a single RRC signaling message, it is effective to reduce signaling overhead.

[0121] Third, measurement report settings for beam management can be transmitted to the UE (320) via a single RRC signaling message (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig), and report settings for AI / ML models (e.g., measurement report settings for the NW side model (311), and prediction report settings for the UE side model (321)) can be transmitted to the UE (320) via a newly defined RRC signaling message.

[0122] In the third case, the beam measurement report configuration (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig) can perform measurement reporting based on RRC messages defined in the current 3GPP standard. Additionally, the report configuration for the AI / ML model can be transmitted to the UE (320) via newly defined RRC signaling messages.

[0123] Fourth, the measurement report settings for beam management and the measurement report settings for the NW side model (311) can be transmitted from the base station (310) to the UE (320) via a single RRC signaling message. And the base station (310) can transmit the prediction report settings for the UE side model (321) to the UE (320) via a newly defined RRC signaling message.

[0124] The fourth case may be a reporting setting based on the similarity of the information that the UE (320) reports to the base station (310). In the case of a measurement report for beam management, the UE (320) can measure the RS received through each of the beams received from the base station (310) and transmit measurement information regarding the measured RS to the base station (310). Also, in the case of a measurement report for the NW side model, the UE (320) can measure the RS received through each of the beams received from the base station (310) and transmit measurement information regarding the measured RS to the base station (310).

[0125] The fourth method is that, as described above, the operation for measurement reporting for beam management in the UE (320) and the operation for measurement reporting for the NW side model may be the same. Therefore, the measurement reporting settings for beam management and the measurement reporting settings for the NW side model may be identical or similar. Based on this, the measurement reporting settings for beam management and the measurement reporting settings for the NW side model may be configured using a single RRC signaling message. For example, the beam measurement reporting settings and the measurement reporting settings for the NW side model may use CSI-ReportConfig or a modified CSI-ReportConfig (including additional specific fields).

[0126] When reporting a prediction of the UE side model, the UE (320) can measure the RS received through each of the beams received from the base station (310) and infer the measured RS using it as input to the UE side model (321). Then, the UE (320) can report all or part of the prediction information, which is the result of the inference of the UE side model (321), to the base station (320).

[0127] As described above, when the UE side model predicts a report, the UE (320) must perform more procedures than when simply reporting a measurement value, so the reporting time may differ. Therefore, the newly defined RRC signaling message may be used for the UE side model predictive report settings.

[0128] Each of the new RRC signaling messages described above may include some or all of the fields defined in CSI-ReportConfig in the 3GPP standard, and may additionally include fields newly defined for each method described above. As another example, each of the new RRC signaling messages described above may be newly defined independently of CSI-ReportConfig.

[0129] In the disclosure described below, any one of the operational forms of the RRC signaling messages described above may be used. Additionally, when inference is performed by the UE side model (321), the setting by the RRC signaling message may be configured so that the inference result by the UE side model (321) is reported.

[0130] In the disclosure described below, an operational method for reporting inference results of the UE side model (321) is described. Apart from the reporting of inference results of the UE side model (321), the UE (320) may perform measurement reporting for the BM and / or measurement reporting for the operation of the NW side model (311). In the disclosure described below, the beam measurement reporting settings for the BM, the measurement reporting settings for the NW side model (311), and the prediction reporting settings for the UE side model (321) will be collectively referred to as "reporting settings." Accordingly, various setting information included in the reporting settings will be referred to as "reporting setting information" and described. In the disclosure, the reporting setting information may include the prediction (or inference result) reporting settings of the UE side model (321). The prediction reporting settings of the UE side model (321) may be transmitted via CSIReportConfig as described above, or may be transmitted via a new RRC signaling message. The new RRC signaling message may include all or part of the fields included in CSIReportConfig. The new RRC signaling message may include additional fields for each embodiment described below, in addition to the fields included in CSIReportConfig. The prediction reporting setting of the UE side model (321) can be configured to report the inference results of the UE side model (321) using CSIReportConfig.

[0131] The report setting information allows for the configuration of measurement report types and / or inference report types. The measurement report type and / or inference report type can be configured as a periodic report, a semi-persistent report, or an aperioditic report.

[0132] Here, periodic reporting may mean that the measurement report or inference report is of a periodic type, semi-permanent reporting may mean that the measurement report or inference report is of a periodic type for a certain period of time (until a configuration change message is received or until a deactivation instruction command is received after an activation instruction), and non-periodic reporting may mean that the measurement report or inference report is of a non-periodic type.

[0133] If the report setting information is a beam measurement report setting and the measurement report type is one of a periodic report type, a semi-permanent report type, or a non-permanent report type, the UE (320) can report a report message containing the measured value of the CSI-RS received from the base station (310) based on the periodic, semi-permanent, or non-permanent setting.

[0134] If the report setting information is a measurement report setting for the NW side model and the measurement report type is one of a periodic report type, a semi-permanent report type, or a non-permanent report type, the UE (320) can report a measurement report message for the NW side model (311) periodically, semi-permanently, or non-permanently. The information included in the measurement report message for the NW side model (311) may include one or more of the measurement value(s) obtained by measuring the CSI-RS received from the base station (310). Each of the CSI-RS transmitted to the UE (320) may be transmitted through the beams required for input to the NW side model from the base station (310).

[0135] If the report setting information is a predictive report setting of the UE side model and the predictive report type is one of a periodic report type, a semi-permanent report type, or a non-periodic report type, the UE (320) may report a report message containing an inference result obtained using the UE side model (321) to the base station (310) periodically, semi-permanently, or non-periodically. The UE side model (321) may take the measured values ​​of RSs (e.g., CSI-RS) transmitted from the base station (310) through beams for inference in the UE side model as input and output predicted beams as the inference result. Therefore, if the report setting information is a predictive report setting of the UE side model, the report message of the UE (320) may include all or part of the prediction result of the UE side model. This is described in more detail in each embodiment described later.

[0136] [Reporting Method for UE Side Model Inference Results When Beam Measurement Report Type is Set to Periodic]

[0137] In the disclosure described below, a method for reporting inference results is described when a measurement reporting type is set periodically. Here, measurement reporting may mean reporting the results of measuring beams received from a base station. The results of measuring beams may mean receiving RS transmitted by the base station through the beam and measuring the received RS.

[0138] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a measurement reporting type is set periodically, the inference result reporting may be instructed to a UE via downlink control information (DCI). A UE that receives DCI containing the inference result reporting instruction may transmit (or report) an inference report message containing the inference result to a base station.

[0139] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, when a measurement reporting type is set periodically, the reporting period of the inference result reporting message may be set by the reporting setting information, and the UE may report the inference result reporting message to the base station based on the reporting setting information.

[0140] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results based on DCI when beam measurements are set periodically.

[0141] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 4 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 4 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 4 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In FIG. 4, the UE side model (321) can measure RSs received through beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference based on the measurement of RSs. With reference to FIG. 4, the BM procedure, the inference of the UE side model (321), and the inference reporting procedure are described below.

[0142] In step S400, the base station (310) may transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). The report configuration information may be transmitted to the UE (320) via a higher-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) message as previously described. More specifically, the report configuration information may be transmitted to the UE (320) using the CSI-ReportConfig of the RRC signaling message. The report configuration information may include all or part of the information described in a) through c) above.

[0143] The report setting information may further include a measurement report type. The measurement report type may be periodic, semi-permanent, or non-periodic. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the flowchart may be assuming the case where the measurement report type is a periodic type. When the measurement report type is set to a periodic type, the transmission type of the RS may be a periodic type. Accordingly, the report setting information may further include transmission period information of the RS and / or transmission period information of the beam report message.

[0144] In step S400, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). Based on the report setting information received from the base station (310), the UE (320) can check the RS transmission cycle and the beam report message transmission cycle.

[0145] In step S410, the base station (310) can transmit RSs to the UE (320) through each of the multiple transmission beams for the BM based on the report setting information. The transmission beams may be transmitted by beam sweeping as described in FIG. 3. The RS for the BM may be an SSB and / or a CSI-RS, etc. For convenience of explanation, in the following description, "RS for the BM" is referred to as "RS." Therefore, unless specifically referred to as an RS other than the RS for the BM, the RS described below may be understood as the RS for the BM.

[0146] In step S410, the UE (320) can receive the transmission beams transmitted by the base station (310) through beam sweeping based on the report setting information received in step S400, as described above in FIG. 3, through reception beam sweeping. The UE (320) can receive the RS transmitted through the transmission beams.

[0147] In step S420, the UE (320) can measure the RSs received through each of the multiple transmission beams. The values ​​of the RSs measured by the UE (320) may be L1-RSRP values. The UE (320) may generate a beam report message based on the report setting information. The beam report message may include one or more L1-RSRP value(s) measured based on the report setting information. As another example, the beam report message may include information (e.g., quantized L1-RSRP values) corresponding to the L1-RSRP value(s) measured based on the report setting information.

[0148] In step S430, the UE (320) can transmit a beam report message to the base station (310) based on the report setting information. As previously described, the report setting information includes UL resource information to which the beam report message is to be transmitted, and the transmission type of the beam report message included in the report setting information may be set periodically. Accordingly, the UE (320) can transmit the beam report message to the base station (310) through a UL channel that is pre-set (or assigned) at the time of reporting based on the report setting information. In step S430, the base station (310) can receive the beam report message from the UE (320) through the UL channel and at the time of reporting based on the report setting information.

[0149] In step S440, the base station (310) may transmit an inference report instruction to the UE (320). The inference report instruction may be transmitted to the UE (320), for example, by being included in a DCI. For example, DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1 ​​may be used as the DCI. A new field may be defined within DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1 ​​for the transmission of the inference report instruction. As another example, one of the fields within DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1 ​​defined in current 3GPP standards may be used, or the inference report instruction may be defined to be implicitly indicated through a combination of two or more fields. For example, when using DCI format 0_1, the CSI request field defined in current 3GPP standards may be used for the inference report instruction. Since the UE (320) is in a state where beam report messages are reported as periodic types, when DCI format 0_1 ​​with the CSI request field set is received, the UE (320) can interpret the CSI request field of DCI format 0_1 ​​as an inference report instruction.

[0150] Additionally, a DCI containing an inference report instruction may further include UL resource allocation information for reporting inference results corresponding to the inference report instruction. The following description assumes that the inference report instruction is transmitted via the DCI. If periodic inference result reporting is required, the base station (310) may transmit a DCI containing an inference instruction report to the UE (320) at specific intervals when inference result reporting is required.

[0151] In step S440, the UE (320) can receive a DCI containing inference report instructions and UL resource allocation information for transmitting inference report messages.

[0152] In step S450, the UE (320) can perform inference using the UE side model (321). The input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information (e.g., beam identifiers and L1-RSRP values ​​corresponding to the beam identifiers) obtained by the UE (320) measuring RSs received through multiple beams. When performing inference using the UE side model (321) in step S450, only the RSs received in step S410 may be used as input information for the UE side model (321). In other words, among the L1-RSRP values ​​measured prior to the inference report instruction, only the most recently measured L1-RSRP values ​​may be used as input information for the UE side model (321).

[0153] According to another embodiment, when inference is performed using the UE side model (321) in step S450, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information regarding RSs received in the most recent few cycles among the RSs received prior to the inference report instruction. For example, beam-related information measured in the two most recent RS transmission cycles may be used as input information for the UE side model (321). In this case, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information regarding RSs received in step S410 and beam-related information regarding RSs received in the cycle immediately prior to step S410. The two most recent RS transmission cycles are described as an example, and the number of most recent RS receptions to be used as input information for the UE side model (321) may be pre-set in the report setting information.

[0154] The input information of the UE side model (321) may use beam-related information of some beam(s) rather than all of the beam-related information of the most recently received RSs as described above. The beam-related information of some beam(s) used as input information of the UE side model (321) may be selected by one of the following methods.

[0155] The input information of the UE side model (321) may, for example, be beam-related information for the best beam among the beam-related information for each of the measured beams. As another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information for each of a preset number of the best beams among the measured beam-related information. As yet another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be the worst beam-related information among the measured beam-related information. As yet another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information for each of a preset number of the worst beams among the measured beam-related information.

[0156] Beam-related information, which is input information for the UE side model (321), may be obtained through a time window setting. The time window can be windowed from the time of receiving RS immediately before receiving DCI (the time of step S410) to a specific time in the past. Among the beam-related information measured from the received RS within the time window, one beam-related information (the best beam or the worst beam) or two or more beam-related information (a preset number of best beams or a preset number of worst beams) may be selected according to the method described above.

[0157] If a time window is used, the time window value (or information) may be included in the reporting settings and transmitted to the UE (320), or transmitted to the UE (320) via a separate signaling message. The separate signaling message may be set by one or more combinations of an RRC signaling message, a medium access control (MAC)-control element (CE) message, or a DCI.

[0158] The UE side model (321) can output an inference value calculated using input information. The inference value(s) may be beam prediction information for a specific time instance(s) in the future. If the input information is an L1-RSRP value, the beam prediction information, which is the output of the UE side model (321), may be an L1-RSRP value predicted for a specific time instance(s).

[0159] In step S450, the UE (320) that has obtained beam prediction information using the UE side model (321) can generate an inference report message. The inference report message may include beam prediction information as an inference result. The beam prediction information may include a predicted beam ID and a predicted value corresponding to the predicted beam (e.g., L1-RSRP value).

[0160] In step S470, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message to the base station (310) through a UL channel allocated by the DCI. The base station (310) can receive an inference report message from the UE (320) through a UL channel allocated to the UE (320) using the DCI.

[0161] Meanwhile, the DCI described above may be a case where an inference report instruction is transmitted using a DCI capable of allocating a UL channel for reporting inference results. However, the base station (320) may also transmit an inference report instruction using a DCI capable of allocating a UL channel.

[0162] If an inference report instruction is transmitted using a DCI that cannot be assigned a UL channel, the UE (320) may multiplex the inference result of the UE side model (321) into the beam report message transmitting beam measurement information and transmit them together.

[0163] As another example, the report setting information may further set up UL channel information to transmit the inference results of the UE side model (321). In this case, the base station (310) may transmit the inference report instruction to the UE (320) using a DCI that does not allocate UL resources (or cannot allocate UL channels).

[0164] The UE (320) can check the UL channel information to transmit the inference result of the UE side model (321) from the report setting information. Subsequently, if an inference report instruction is transmitted from the base station (310) to a DCI where a UL channel cannot be allocated, the UE (320) can transmit the inference report message through the UL channel pre-allocated in the report setting information after performing step S450.

[0165] Meanwhile, the example in FIG. 4 illustrates a case where an RS for a BM based on report setting information is received before the UE (320) transmits an inference report message.

[0166] In step S460, the base station (310) can transmit RS for BM to the UE (320) through multiple transmission beams based on report setting information. Step S460 may be the same procedure as step S410 described above. In step S460, the UE (320) can receive RS from the base station (310) through multiple transmission beams.

[0167] As exemplified in FIG. 4, the time from step S410, when an RS for BM is transmitted, to the next step S460 may be an RS transmission period (401). Additionally, the time from step S430, when a beam report message corresponding to step S410 is transmitted, to step S460, when a beam report message corresponding to step S460 is transmitted, may be a beam report period (402).

[0168] In the embodiment of FIG. 4, it may be an example assuming that the RS transmission period (401) and the beam reporting period (402) are set to the same time. However, the RS transmission period (401) and the beam reporting period (402) may be set to different times.

[0169] It should be noted that in FIG. 4, examples of operations such as those in step S420 following step S460 have been omitted to avoid redundant explanations. In step S460, the UE (320) that receives the RS for the BM based on the RS transmission cycle can measure the RS as described earlier in step S420 and generate a beam report message. Subsequently, the UE (320) can transmit the beam report message to the base station (310) in step S480. The base station (310) can receive the beam report message from the UE (320) in step S480.

[0170] Meanwhile, the UL channel described in FIG. 4 may be one or more of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and / or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), and the container to which beam report messages and / or inference report messages are transmitted may be transmitted in the form of a payload of the UL channel or through the MAC-CE of PUSCH.

[0171] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results based on report setting information when beam measurements are set periodically.

[0172] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 5 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 5 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 5 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In FIG. 5, the UE side model (321) may measure RSs received through beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference based on the measurement of RSs. With reference to FIG. 5, the BM procedure, the inference of the UE side model (321), and the inference reporting procedure are described below.

[0173] In step S500, the base station (310) may transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). The report configuration information may be transmitted to the UE (320) using the CSI-ReportConfig of the RRC signaling message as described in FIG. 4. The report configuration information may include all or part of the information described in a) through c) above. The report configuration information may further include a measurement report type. The measurement report type may be periodic, semi-permanent, or non-periodic. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the flowchart may assume that the measurement report type is set to periodic. If the measurement report type is set to a periodic type, the transmission method of the RS may be of the periodic type. Therefore, the report configuration information may further include transmission period information of the RS and / or transmission period information of the beam report message. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the report configuration information may further set the transmission period of the inference report message for reporting inference results.

[0174] In step S500, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). Based on the report setting information received from the base station (310), the UE (320) can check the RS transmission period, check the beam report message transmission period, and check the inference report message transmission period.

[0175] In step S510, the base station (310) can transmit RS to the UE (320) through each of the multiple transmission beams for the BM based on the report setting information. The transmission beams can be transmitted by beam sweeping as described in FIG. 3, and the transmission timing and transmission resources of the RS can be the transmission timing and transmission resources based on the report setting information.

[0176] In step S510, the UE (320) can receive the transmission beams transmitted by the base station (310) through beam sweeping based on the report setting information received in step S500. The UE (320) can receive the RSs transmitted through the transmission beams.

[0177] The UE (320) can obtain a measured value (e.g., L1-RSRP value) obtained by measuring the RSs received through each of the multiple transmission beams. The UE (320) can generate a beam report message containing the beam measured value (e.g., L1-RSRP value) based on the report setting information. As another example, the beam report message may include information corresponding to the measured L1-RSRP value(s) based on the report setting information (e.g., quantization information of the L1-RSRP value). The beam report message may include one or more measured beam measured value(s) (e.g., L1-RSRP value(s)) and a beam identifier (beam ID) corresponding to the beam measured value(s). In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the step S420 described above in FIG. 4 may not be exemplified as a separate step.

[0178] In step S520, the UE (320) can transmit a beam report message to the base station (310) based on the UL resource information set (or pre-allocated) in the report setting information and the report setting cycle. In other words, the UE (320) can transmit a beam report message to the base station (310) through the UL channel set (or pre-allocated) at the time of reporting based on the report cycle.

[0179] In step S520, the base station (310) can receive a beam report message from the UE (320) through the UL channel and the report time based on the report setting information.

[0180] The UE (320) can perform inference using the UE side model (321) based on the report setting information received from the base station (310) before the inference reporting time arrives (a time prior to the inference time, processing time for message generation, and message transmission time (e.g., timing advance value). The time prior to the inference reporting time may be defined as a maximum time by the specifications, or may be determined according to the specifications of the UE (320).

[0181] The input information of the UE side model (321) may use beam-related information corresponding to some RS(s) rather than all of the most recently received RS(s). The beam-related information of the RS(s) used as input information of the UE side model (321) may be selected as follows.

[0182] The input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information regarding the best or worst beam among the beam-related information for each beam measured immediately before the inference reporting point. As another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information regarding the best beam among the beam-related information for each beam measured during the inference reporting cycle prior to the inference reporting point. As yet another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information regarding the worst beam among the beam-related information for each beam measured during the inference reporting cycle prior to the inference reporting point.

[0183] In the examples above, only the beam-related information corresponding to the best single beam may be used as input information for the UE side model (321), or beam-related information corresponding to a preset number of beams sequentially starting from the best beam may be used as input information for the UE side model (321). In the same way for bad beams, only the beam-related information corresponding to the worst single beam may be used as input information for the UE side model (321), or beam-related information corresponding to each of a preset number of beams sequentially starting from the worst beam may be used as input information for the UE side model (321).

[0184] As previously described in FIG. 4, a time window may be used to obtain beam-related information to be used as input to the UE side model (321). Since the method of obtaining beam-related information through the setting of the time window can be the same as in FIG. 4, a redundant description is omitted.

[0185] The UE side model (321) can perform inference using the input information described above and output an inference result. The inference result may be beam prediction information for a specific time instance(s) in the future. If the input information is an L1-RSRP value, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be a predicted L1-RSRP value for a specific time instance(s).

[0186] The UE (320) may generate an inference report message containing the inference results of the UE side model (321). The inference results may be beam prediction information, and the beam prediction information may include a predicted beam ID and a predicted value corresponding to the predicted beam (e.g., a predicted L1-RSRP value).

[0187] In step S530, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message to the base station (310) through the UL channel assigned by the report setting information. In step S530, the base station (310) can receive the inference report message from the UE (320) based on the report setting information.

[0188] After step S530, the base station (310) can determine a specific beam with the UE (320) based on a beam report message and / or an inference report message, and can communicate with the UE (320) using the determined specific beam.

[0189] As exemplified in FIG. 5, when the RS transmission cycle for BM arrives again after the RS for BM has been transmitted in step S510, the base station (310) can transmit the RS for BM to the UE (320) by beam sweeping through multiple transmission beams based on the report setting information in step S540. Step S540 may be a procedure performed at the time of periodic transmission based on the RS transmission cycle (501) of the report setting information. Step S540 may be the same procedure as the previously described step S510. The UE (320) can receive the RS from the base station in step S540.

[0190] In step S550, the UE (320) can generate a beam report message containing a beam measurement value of the received RS and transmit the generated beam report message to the base station (310). Step S550 may be the same step as the preceding S520. When a beam report message is transmitted for every RS for all BMs, the beam report period (502) may be set to the same period as the RS transmission period (501), as exemplified in FIG. 5.

[0191] After transmitting the inference report message in step S530, the UE (320) can perform inference using the UE side model (321) before the time for the inference report based on the report setting information arrives. In step S560, the UE (320) can transmit the inference report message containing the inference result to the base station (310).

[0192] The inference reporting period (503) may be set to be the same as the RS transmission period (501) and / or the beam reporting period (502), or it may be set differently. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the inference reporting period (503) may be an example of a case where it is set differently from the RS transmission period (501) and / or the beam reporting period (502). The inference reporting period (503) exemplified in FIG. 5 may be a case where it is set longer than the RS transmission period (501) and / or the beam reporting period (502).

[0193] As illustrated in FIG. 5, if the inference reporting period (503) is set longer than the RS transmission period (501) and / or beam reporting period (502), there is an advantage in that the feedback overhead caused by the transmission of inference reporting messages can be reduced. Additionally, if the inference reporting period (503) is set longer, the UE (320) may not frequently infer using the UE side model (321), thereby reducing the power consumption of the UE (320).

[0194] The UL channel described in Fig. 5 may be one or more of PUCCH and / or PUSCH, and the container to which beam report messages and / or inference report messages are transmitted may be transmitted in the form of a payload of the UL channel or through the MAC-CE of PUSCH.

[0195] [Reporting Method for Inference Results of UE Side Models When Beam Measurement Report Type is Set to Semi-Persistent]

[0196] In the disclosure described below, a method for reporting inference results is described when the beam measurement reporting type is set semi-permanently.

[0197] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the beam measurement report type is set to semi-permanent, the inference result report may be instructed to a UE using a DCI, and the UE that receives the DCI containing the inference result report instruction may report the inference result report to a base station.

[0198] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, when the beam measurement report type is set to semi-permanent, the reporting period of the inference result report may be set by the report setting information, and the UE may report an inference report message including the inference result to the base station based on the report setting.

[0199] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results based on DCI when beam measurement is set to semi-permanent.

[0200] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 6 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 6 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 6 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In FIG. 6, the UE side model (321) can measure RSs received through beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference based on the measurement of RSs. With reference to FIG. 6, the BM procedure, the inference of the UE side model (321), and the inference reporting procedure are described below.

[0201] In step S600, the base station (310) can transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). The report configuration information can be transmitted via a higher-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) message. More specifically, the report configuration information can be transmitted using the CSI-ReportConfig of the RRC signaling message. The report configuration information may include all or part of the information described in a) through c) above.

[0202] The report setting information may further include a measurement report type. The measurement report type may be periodic, semi-permanent, or non-permanent. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the flowchart may assume that the measurement report type is set to semi-permanent. If the measurement report type is set to a semi-permanent type, the transmission type of the RS may be a semi-permanent type. Accordingly, the report setting information may further include one or more transmission period information for which the RS is transmitted and / or one or more transmission period information for which the beam report message must be transmitted.

[0203] In step S600, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). Based on the report setting information received from the base station (310), the UE (320) can check the RS transmission cycle and the beam report message transmission cycle.

[0204] In step S610, the base station (310) may transmit to the UE (320) report setting activation information (e.g., a report setting activation indicator) that instructs the activation of one of the report setting cycles included in the report setting information. The report setting activation information may be transmitted, for example, via a MAC-CE message. The case in which the base station (310) transmits the report setting activation information to the UE (320) may be when the UE (320) transitions to an RRC connected state with the base station (310).

[0205] If the report setting information includes two or more RS transmission periods, the report setting activation information may further include a report setting activation indicator and an RS transmission period indicator for indicating one of the two or more transmission periods included in the report setting information. If the report setting information includes two or more transmission periods for beam report messages, the report setting activation information may further include a report setting activation indicator and a beam report message transmission period indicator. For convenience of explanation, the present disclosure described below assumes a case where there is only one RS transmission period and one transmission period for beam report messages in the report setting information.

[0206] In step S620, the base station (310) can transmit RSs to the UE (320) through each of the multiple transmission beams based on the report setting information. The transmission beams can be transmitted by beam sweeping as described in FIG. 3.

[0207] In step S620, the UE (320) can receive the transmission beams transmitted by the base station (310) through beam sweeping based on the report setting information received in step S600. The UE (320) can receive the RSs transmitted through the transmission beams.

[0208] The UE (320) can measure RSs received through each of the multiple transmission beams. The values ​​of the RSs measured by the UE (320) may be L1-RSRP values. The UE (320) may generate a beam report message based on report setting information. The beam report message may include one or more L1-RSRP value(s) measured based on the report setting information. As another example, the beam report message may include information corresponding to the L1-RSRP value(s) measured based on the report setting information (e.g., quantization information of L1-RSRP).

[0209] In step S630, the UE (320) can transmit a beam report message to the base station (310) based on the UL resource information included in the report setting information. The transmission period of the beam report message included in the report setting information may be the same as the RS transmission period, or it may be a different period from the RS transmission period. In the example of FIG. 6, it may be an example where the transmission period of the beam report message and the transmission period of the RS are set to the same period.

[0210] In step S630, the base station (310) can receive a beam report message from the UE (320) through the reporting time set by the reporting setting information and the assigned UL channel.

[0211] When the RS transmission cycle arrives after step S620, the base station (310) can transmit RSs to the UE (310) through each of the multiple transmission beams for the BM in step S640. Since step S640 may be a periodic transmission, it may be the same procedure as step S620 described above. The UE (320) can receive the RS transmitted by the base station (310) through the multiple beams in step S640.

[0212] The UE (320) can measure each of the RSs transmitted through multiple beams and generate a beam report message based on report setting information containing the measurement value(s). In step S650, the UE (320) can transmit the generated beam report message to the base station (310). Step S650 may be the same procedure as step S630 described above.

[0213] If the base station (310) intends to receive an inference result using the UE side model (321) from the UE (320), it may transmit an inference report instruction to the UE (320). The inference report instruction may be included in a DCI and transmitted to the UE (320). For example, a DCI format 0_0 or a DCI format 0_1 ​​may be used for the DCI containing the inference report instruction. For a DCI of DCI format 0_0 or a DCI format 0_1, a new field may be defined for the transmission of the inference report instruction. As another example, one of the fields of DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1 ​​defined in the current 3GPP standard may be used, or a combination of two or more fields may be defined so that the inference report instruction is implicitly indicated. For example, when using DCI format 0_1, the CSI request field defined in the 3GPP standard may be used for the inference report instruction. Since the UE (320) has the report setting information enabled by the report setting activation information and the beam report message is reported in the report setting information in a periodic type, when the DCI format 0_1 ​​with the CSI request field set is received, the UE (320) can interpret the CSI request field as an inference report instruction.

[0214] A DCI containing an inference report instruction may further include UL resource allocation information for reporting inference results corresponding to the inference report instruction. The following description assumes that the inference report instruction is transmitted via the DCI. If periodic inference result reporting is required, the base station (310) may transmit a DCI containing an inference instruction report to the UE (320) at specific intervals when inference result reporting is required.

[0215] In step S660, the UE (320) can receive a DCI containing UL resource allocation information for inference report instructions and inference report message transmission.

[0216] A UE (320) that has received an inference report instruction from a base station (310) can perform inference using a UE side model (321). The input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information (e.g., a beam identifier and L1-RSRP values ​​corresponding to the beam identifier) ​​obtained by the UE (320) measuring RSs received through multiple beams.

[0217] According to one embodiment, the input information of the UE side model (321) may only use the RSs received in step S640. In other words, among the L1-RSRP values ​​measured prior to the inference report instruction, only the most recently measured L1-RSRP values ​​may be used as input information for the UE side model (321).

[0218] According to another embodiment, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information regarding RSs received in the most recent few cycles among the RSs received prior to the inference report instruction. For example, if beam-related information measured in the most recent two RS transmission cycles is used as input information of the UE side model (321), the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information regarding RSs received in step S620 and beam-related information regarding RSs received in step S640. The most recent two RS transmission cycles are described as an example, and the number of most recent RS receptions to be used as input information of the UE side model (321) may be pre-set in the report setting information.

[0219] The input information of the UE side model (321) may use beam-related information of some beam(s) rather than all of the beam-related information of the most recently received RSs as described above. The beam-related information of some beam(s) used as input information of the UE side model (321) may be selected by one of the following methods.

[0220] The input information of the UE side model (321) may, for example, be beam-related information for the best beam among the beam-related information for each of the measured beams. As another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information for each of a preset number of the best beams among the measured beam-related information. As yet another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be the worst beam-related information among the measured beam-related information. As yet another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information for each of a preset number of the worst beams among the measured beam-related information.

[0221] Beam-related information, which is input information for the UE side model (321), may be obtained through a time window setting. The time window can be windowed from the time of receiving RS immediately before receiving DCI to a specific time in the past. Among the beam-related information measured from the received RS within the time window, one beam-related information (the best beam or the worst beam) or two or more beam-related information (a preset number of best beams or a preset number of worst beams) may be selected according to the method described above.

[0222] If a time window is used, the time window value (or information) may be included in the reporting settings and transmitted to the UE (320), or transmitted to the UE (320) via a separate signaling message. The separate signaling message may be set by one or more of an RRC signaling message, a MAC-CE message, or a DCI.

[0223] The UE side model (321) can output an inference value calculated using input information. The inference value(s) may be beam prediction information for a specific time instance(s) in the future. If the input information is an L1-RSRP value, the beam prediction information, which is the output of the UE side model (321), may be an L1-RSRP value predicted for a specific time instance(s).

[0224] A UE (320) that has obtained beam prediction information using a UE side model (321) can generate an inference report message. The inference report message may include beam prediction information as an inference result. The beam prediction information may include a predicted beam ID and a predicted value (e.g., L1-RSRP value) corresponding to the predicted beam.

[0225] In step S670, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message to the base station (310) through the UL channel assigned by the DCI. In step S670, the base station (310) can receive the inference report message from the UE (320) based on the DCI.

[0226] Meanwhile, the DCI described above may be a case where an inference report instruction is transmitted using a DCI capable of allocating a UL channel for reporting inference results. However, the base station (320) may also transmit an inference report instruction using a DCI capable of allocating a UL channel.

[0227] If an inference report instruction is transmitted using a DCI that cannot allocate a UL channel (UL resource), the UE (320) may multiplex the inference result of the UE side model (321) into the beam report message transmitting beam measurement information and transmit them together.

[0228] As another example, the report setting information may further set up UL channel information to transmit the inference results of the UE side model (321). In this case, the base station (310) may transmit the inference report instruction to the UE (320) using a DCI that does not allocate UL resources (or cannot allocate UL channels).

[0229] The UE (320) can check the UL channel information that can transmit the inference result of the UE side model (321) from the report setting information. Subsequently, if an inference report instruction is transmitted from the base station (310) to a DCI where a UL channel cannot be allocated, the UE (320) can transmit the inference report message through the UL channel pre-allocated in the report setting information.

[0230] When the base station (310) does not need to receive beam measurement reports from the UE (320), it may transmit report setting disable information to the UE (320), as in step S680. Report setting disable information may be transmitted to the UE (320) via a MAC-CE message. There may be various cases where there is no need to receive beam measurement reports, such as when the UE (320) transitions to an RRC idle state, transitions to an RRC inactive state, or when communication is terminated.

[0231] In step S680, if the UE (320) receives information to disable the report setting from the base station (310), the transmission of the beam report message may be disabled, and the inference result report of the UE side model (321) may also be stopped.

[0232] The UL channel described in Fig. 6 may be one or more of PUCCH and / or PUSCH, and the container to which beam report messages and / or inference report messages are transmitted may be transmitted in the form of a payload of the UL channel or through the MAC-CE of PUSCH.

[0233] Figure 7 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results based on report setting information when beam measurement is set to semi-permanent.

[0234] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 7 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 7 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 7 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In FIG. 7, the UE side model (321) can measure RSs received through beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference based on the measurement of RSs. With reference to FIG. 7, the BM procedure, the inference of the UE side model (321), and the inference reporting procedure are described below.

[0235] In step S700, the base station (310) may transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). The report configuration information may be transmitted via a higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) message. More specifically, the report configuration information may be transmitted to the UE (320) using the CSI-ReportConfig of the RRC signaling message. The report configuration information may include all or part of the information described in a) through c) above. The report configuration information may further include a measurement report type. The measurement report type may be periodic, semi-permanent, or non-permanent. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the flowchart may assume that the measurement report type is set to a semi-permanent type. If the measurement report type is set to a semi-permanent type, the transmission method of the RS may also be of a semi-permanent type. Therefore, the report configuration information may further include one or more transmission period information for which the RS is transmitted and / or one or more transmission period information for which the beam report message must be transmitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the report configuration information may further set the transmission period of the inference report message for the inference result report.

[0236] In step S700, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). Based on the report setting information received from the base station (310), the UE (320) can check the RS transmission period and the beam report message transmission period and the inference report message transmission period.

[0237] In step S710, the base station (310) may transmit report setting activation information (e.g., a report setting activation indicator) to the UE (320) that instructs the report setting information to activate a semi-permanent report setting cycle. The report setting activation information may be transmitted, for example, via a MAC-CE message. The case in which the base station (310) transmits the report setting activation information to the UE (320) may be when the UE (320) transitions to an RRC connected state with the base station (310).

[0238] If the report setting information includes two or more RS transmission periods, the report setting activation information may further include a report setting activation indicator and an RS transmission period indicator for indicating one of the two or more transmission periods included in the report setting information. If the report setting information includes two or more transmission periods for beam report messages, the report setting activation information may further include a report setting activation indicator and a beam report message transmission period indicator. For convenience of explanation, the present disclosure described below assumes a case where there is only one RS transmission period and one transmission period for beam report messages in the report setting information.

[0239] In step S720, the base station (310) can transmit RS to the UE (320) through each of the multiple transmission beams for the BM based on the report setting information. The transmission beams can be transmitted via a beam sweeping method as described in FIG. 3.

[0240] In step S720, the UE (320) can receive the transmission beams transmitted by the base station (310) through beam sweeping based on the report setting information received in step S700. The UE (320) can receive the RSs transmitted through the transmission beams.

[0241] The UE (320) can measure RSs received through each of the multiple transmission beams. The values ​​of the RSs measured by the UE (320) may be L1-RSRP values. The UE (320) may generate a beam report message based on report setting information. The beam report message may include one or more L1-RSRP value(s) measured based on the report setting information. As another example, the beam report message may include information corresponding to the L1-RSRP value(s) measured based on the report setting information (e.g., quantization information of the L1-RSRP value).

[0242] In step S730, the UE (320) can transmit a beam report message to the base station (310) through a UL channel assigned by the report setting information. In step S730, the base station (310) can receive the beam report message from the UE (320) based on the report setting information.

[0243] The UE (320) can perform inference using the UE side model (321) before the inference reporting time arrives (a time prior to the inference time, message transmission creation time, and message transmission time (e.g., timing advance value)) based on the report setting information received from the base station (310). The time prior to the inference reporting time may be defined as a maximum time by the specifications, or it may be determined according to the specifications of the UE (320).

[0244] The input information of the UE side model (321) may use beam-related information of some beam(s) rather than all beam-related information of the received RSs. The beam-related information of some beam(s) used as input information of the UE side model (321) may be selected as follows.

[0245] The input information for the UE side model (321) may use beam-related information for some RS(s) rather than all of the most recently measured RS(s). The beam-related information for the RS(s) used as input information for the UE side model (321) may be selected as follows.

[0246] For example, beam-related information corresponding to the best beam (or worst beam) among the most recently measured RSs can be used as input to the UE side model (321). As another example, the input information to the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information for the best beam among the beam-related information corresponding to each of the beams measured during the inference reporting cycle prior to the inference reporting point. As yet another example, the input information to the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information for the worst beam among the beam-related information for each of the beams measured during the inference reporting cycle prior to the inference reporting point.

[0247] In the examples above, only the beam-related information corresponding to the best single beam may be used as input information for the UE side model (321), or beam-related information corresponding to a preset number of beams sequentially starting from the best beam may be used as input information for the UE side model (321). In the same way for bad beams, only the beam-related information corresponding to the worst single beam may be used as input information for the UE side model (321), or beam-related information corresponding to each of a preset number of beams sequentially starting from the worst beam may be used as input information for the UE side model (321).

[0248] As previously described in FIG. 4, a time window may be used to obtain beam-related information to be used as input to the UE side model (321). Since the method of obtaining (or determining) beam-related information through the setting of the time window can be the same as in FIG. 4, a redundant description is omitted.

[0249] The UE side model (321) can perform inference using the input information described above and output an inference result. The inference result may be beam prediction information for specific future time instances. If the input information is an L1-RSRP value, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be a predicted L1-RSRP value.

[0250] The UE (320) may generate an inference report message containing the inference results of the UE side model (321). The inference results may be beam prediction information, and the beam prediction information may include a predicted beam ID and a predicted value corresponding to the predicted beam (e.g., a predicted L1-RSRP value).

[0251] In step S740, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message to the base station (310) through the UL channel assigned by the report setting information. In step S740, the base station (310) can receive the inference report message from the UE (320) based on the report setting information.

[0252] When the RS transmission cycle (701) arrives, the base station (310) can transmit RS for BM to the UE (320) in step S750. Since step S750 is a periodic RS transmission, it may be the same procedure as step S720. Based on the report setting information, the UE (320) can receive RS through each of the multiple beams transmitted by the base station (310) in step S750.

[0253] The UE (320) can measure the received RSs and generate a beam report message containing the beam measurement values. The UE (320) can transmit the beam report message generated in step S760 to the base station (310). Step S760 may be the same procedure as step S730 described earlier. In the example of FIG. 7, the RS transmission period (701) and the beam report period (702) are exemplified as being the same period.

[0254] The base station (310) can periodically transmit RS based on the RS transmission period (701), and the UE (320) can periodically receive RS based on the RS transmission period (701). Based on the beam reporting period (702), the UE (320) can periodically generate a beam reporting message for the received RS and transmit it to the base station (320), and the base station (320) can receive a beam reporting message from the UE (320) based on the beam reporting period (702).

[0255] If an inference report needs to be performed based on the inference report cycle (703) included in the report setting information, the UE (320) can generate an inference report message in step S770 and transmit it to the base station (310). Step S770 may be the same step as the previously described step S740.

[0256] The inference reporting period (703) may be set to be the same as the RS transmission period (701) and / or the beam reporting period (702), or it may be set differently. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the inference reporting period (703) may be an example of a case where it is set differently from the RS transmission period (701) and / or the beam reporting period (702). The inference reporting period (703) exemplified in FIG. 7 may be a case where it is set longer than the RS transmission period (701) and / or the beam reporting period (702).

[0257] As illustrated in FIG. 7, if the inference reporting period (703) is set longer than the RS transmission period (701) and / or beam reporting period (702), there is an advantage in that the feedback overhead caused by the transmission of inference reporting messages can be reduced. Additionally, if the inference reporting period (503) is set longer, the UE (320) may not frequently infer using the UE side model (321), thereby reducing the power consumption of the UE (320).

[0258] The beam reporting period (702) may be set longer than the inference reporting period (703) for operation. When the beam reporting period (702) is set longer than the inference reporting period (703), the RS transmission period (701) may be equal to or shorter than the inference reporting period (703). When the beam reporting period (702) is set longer than the inference reporting period (703), the overhead caused by the transmission of beam reporting messages can be reduced.

[0259] When the base station (310) does not need to receive beam measurement reports from the UE (320), it may transmit report setting disable information to the UE (320) as in step S780. Report setting disable information may be transmitted to the UE (320) via a MAC-CE message. Examples of cases where the base station (310) does not need to receive beam measurement reports may include the following: first, when the UE (320) transitions to an RRC idle state; second, when the UE (320) transitions to an RRC inactive state; or when communication between the base station (310) and the UE (320) is terminated. Various cases may exist.

[0260] In step S780, if the UE (320) receives information to disable the report setting from the base station (310), the transmission of the beam report message may be disabled, and the inference result report of the UE side model (321) may also be stopped.

[0261] The UL channel described in Fig. 7 may be one or more of PUCCH and / or PUSCH, and the container to which beam report messages and / or inference report messages are transmitted may be transmitted in the form of a payload of the UL channel or through the MAC-CE of PUSCH.

[0262] [Reporting Method for UE Side Model Inference Results When Beam Measurement Report Type is Set to Aperiodic]

[0263] In the disclosure described below, a method for reporting inference results is described when the beam measurement reporting type is set non-periodically.

[0264] Figure 8 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results when beam measurements are set non-periodically.

[0265] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 8 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 8 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 8 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In FIG. 8, the UE side model (321) may measure RSs received through beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference based on the measurement of the RSs. With reference to FIG. 8, the BM procedure, the inference of the UE side model (321), and the inference reporting procedure are described below.

[0266] In step S800, the base station (310) can transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). The report configuration information can be transmitted via a higher-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) message. More specifically, the report configuration information can be transmitted using the CSI-ReportConfig of the RRC signaling message. The report configuration information may include all or part of the information described in a) through c) above.

[0267] The report setting information may further include a measurement report type. The measurement report type may be any one of periodic reporting, semi-permanent reporting, or non-periodic reporting. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the flowchart may be assuming the case where the measurement report type is set to a non-periodic type. When the measurement report type is set to non-periodic, the transmission type of the RS may be non-periodic. Therefore, the report setting information may include non-periodic RS resource information.

[0268] In step S800, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). Based on the report setting information received from the base station (310), the UE (320) can confirm that the measurement report type is set non-periodically. The UE (320) can confirm that the RS for the BM is transmitted non-periodically.

[0269] In step S810, the base station (310) may transmit a message containing an aperiodic beam report instruction to the UE (320). The aperiodic beam report instruction may be transmitted to the UE (320) via either a MAC-CE message or a DCI. For convenience of explanation, the following description assumes that the aperiodic beam report instruction is transmitted via a DCI. However, the case where a MAC-CE message is used can be understood as being the same as the case where the aperiodic beam report instruction is transmitted via a DCI. The DCI transmitting the aperiodic beam report instruction may further include UL resource (or UL channel) allocation information for which the UE (320) must transmit the beam report message.

[0270] In step S810, the UE (320) may receive a DCI containing an aperiodic beam reporting instruction. The UE (320) may confirm from the received DCI that an aperiodic beam reporting instruction has been given. Additionally, the UE (320) may confirm from the received DCI the UL resource to which the beam reporting message will be transmitted.

[0271] In step S820, the base station (310) can transmit RSs to the UE (320) through each of the multiple transmission beams. The transmission beams can be transmitted via a beam sweeping method as described in FIG. 3. In step S820, the UE (320) can receive the transmission beams transmitted by the base station (310) via beam sweeping through receiving beam sweeping. The UE (320) can receive the RSs transmitted via the transmission beams.

[0272] The UE (320) can measure RSs received through each of the multiple transmission beams. The values ​​of the RSs measured by the UE (320) may be L1-RSRP values. The UE (320) may generate a beam report message based on report setting information. The beam report message may include one or more L1-RSRP value(s) measured based on the report setting information. As another example, the beam report message may include information corresponding to the L1-RSRP value(s) measured based on the report setting information (e.g., quantization information of L1-RSRP).

[0273] In step S830, the UE (320) can transmit a beam report message to the base station (310) based on UL resource information included in the DCI. In step S830, the base station (310) can receive the beam report message from the UE (320) through the UL channel allocated by the DCI.

[0274] If the base station (310) wants to receive an inference result using the UE side model (321) from the UE (320), in step S840, the base station (310) can transmit a DCI containing an inference report instruction to the UE (320).

[0275] For a DCI containing an inference report instruction, for example, DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1 ​​may be used. For a DCI of DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1, a new field may be defined for the transmission of the inference report instruction. As another example, one of the fields of DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1 ​​defined in current 3GPP technical specifications may be used, or a combination of two or more fields may be defined to implicitly indicate an inference report. The DCI may further include UL resource allocation information for the inference result report corresponding to the inference report instruction.

[0276] In step S840, the UE (320) may receive a DCI containing UL resource allocation information (or UL channel allocation information) for inference report instructions and inference report message transmission.

[0277] A UE (320) that has received an inference report instruction from a base station (310) can perform inference using a UE side model (321).

[0278] The input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information (e.g., a beam identifier and L1-RSRP values ​​corresponding to the beam identifier) ​​obtained by the UE (320) measuring RSs received through multiple beams. According to one embodiment, only non-periodic RSs received in step S820 may be used as the input information of the UE side model (321). In other words, among the L1-RSRP values ​​measured prior to the inference report instruction, only the most recently measured L1-RSRP values ​​may be used as the input information of the UE side model (321).

[0279] According to another embodiment, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information regarding the most recent aperiodic RSs among the aperiodic RSs received prior to the inference report instruction. For example, beam-related information measured from the two most recent aperiodic RS transmissions may be used as input information for the UE side model (321). The two most recent ones are described as an example, and the number of the most recent aperiodic RS receptions to be used as input information for the UE side model (321) may be set by the report setting information.

[0280] The input information of the UE side model (321) may use beam-related information corresponding to some RS(s) rather than all of the most recently measured non-periodic RS(s). Each RS(s) may be transmitted through corresponding beams. Therefore, the measured values ​​of each RS(s) may represent the quality of the corresponding beams. The beam-related information of some beam(s) (beam(s) corresponding to the measured RS(s)) used as input information of the UE side model (321) may be selected as follows.

[0281] The input information of the UE side model (321) may, for example, be beam-related information corresponding to the best beam (or worst beam) among the beam-related information for each of the measured beams. As another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information corresponding to each of a preset number of best beams among the beam-related information corresponding to the measured non-periodic RSs. As yet another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information corresponding to each of a preset number of worst beams among the beam-related information corresponding to the measured non-periodic RSs.

[0282] A time window may be used to obtain beam-related information, which is input information of the UE side model (321). The method of obtaining (or determining) beam-related information through the setting of the time window may be the same as the method described in FIG. 4 above. Therefore, a redundant description of the time window setting is omitted.

[0283] The UE side model (321) can perform inference using input information and output an inference result. The inference result may be beam prediction information for specific time instances in the future. If the input information is an L1-RSRP value, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be a predicted L1-RSRP value.

[0284] The UE (320) can generate an inference report message containing the inference results of the UE side model (321). The inference results may include beam prediction information, and the beam prediction information may include a predicted beam ID and a predicted value corresponding to the predicted beam (e.g., a predicted L1-RSRP value).

[0285] In step S850, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message to the base station (310) through a UL channel assigned by the DCI containing an inference report instruction. In step S850, the base station (310) can receive an inference report message from the UE (320) through a UL channel assigned by the DCI containing an inference report instruction.

[0286] Meanwhile, the DCI described above may be a case where UL channel allocation for inference result reporting is possible. However, the base station (320) may transmit an inference report instruction using a DCI where UL channel allocation is not possible.

[0287] If an inference report instruction is transmitted using a DCI that cannot be assigned a UL channel, the report setting information may further set the UL channel information to transmit the inference result of the UE side model (321). In this case, the base station (310) can transmit the inference report instruction to the UE (320) using a DCI that cannot be assigned a UL channel.

[0288] The UE (320) can check the UL channel information that can transmit the inference result of the UE side model (321) from the report setting information. Subsequently, if an inference report instruction is transmitted from the base station (310) to a DCI where a UL channel cannot be allocated, the UE (320) can transmit the inference report message through the UL channel pre-allocated in the report setting information.

[0289] The UL channel described in FIG. 8 may be one or more of PUCCH and / or PUSCH, and the container to which beam report messages and / or inference report messages are transmitted may be transmitted in the form of a payload of the UL channel or through the MAC-CE of PUSCH.

[0290] Figure 9 is a flowchart of the operation between the base station and the UE when reporting inference results when beam measurements are set non-periodically.

[0291] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 9 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 9 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 9 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In FIG. 9, the UE side model (321) may measure RSs received through beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference based on the measurement of RSs. With reference to FIG. 9, the BM procedure, the inference of the UE side model (321), and the inference reporting procedure are described below.

[0292] In step S900, the base station (310) may transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). The report configuration information may be transmitted via a higher-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) message. More specifically, the report configuration information may be transmitted using the CSI-ReportConfig of the RRC signaling message. The report configuration information may include all or part of the information described in a) through c) above.

[0293] The report setting information may further include a measurement report type. The measurement report type may be periodic, semi-permanent, or non-periodic. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be a flowchart assuming the case where the measurement report type is set to a non-periodic type. If the measurement report type is set to a non-periodic type, the transmission type of RS may also be set to a non-periodic type. The report setting information may include RS resource information. Additionally, the report setting information may further include UL channel (UL resource) information capable of transmitting inference report messages.

[0294] In step S900, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). Based on the report setting information received from the base station (310), the UE (320) can confirm that the measurement report type is set non-periodically. The UE (320) can confirm that the RS for the BM is transmitted non-periodically. Additionally, the UE (320) can confirm RS resource information and UL channel (UL resource) information capable of transmitting inference report messages.

[0295] In step S910, the base station (310) may transmit a message containing an aperiodic beam report instruction to the UE (320). The aperiodic beam report instruction may be transmitted to the UE (320) via either a MAC-CE message or a DCI. For convenience of explanation, the following description assumes that the aperiodic beam report instruction is transmitted via a DCI. However, the case where a MAC-CE message is used can be understood as being the same as the case where the aperiodic beam report instruction is transmitted via a DCI. The DCI transmitting the aperiodic beam report instruction may further include allocation information for the UL channel (or UL resource) to which the UE (320) must transmit the beam report message.

[0296] In step S910, the UE (320) may receive a DCI containing non-periodic beam reporting instructions and inference reporting instructions. The UE (320) may confirm from the received DCI that non-periodic beam reporting and inference reporting have been instructed. Additionally, the UE (320) may confirm from the received DCI the UL resources to transmit the beam reporting messages and inference reporting messages.

[0297] In step S920, the base station (310) can transmit RSs to the UE (320) through each of the multiple transmission beams. The transmission beams can be transmitted via a beam sweeping method as described in FIG. 3. In step S920, the UE (320) can receive the transmission beams transmitted by the base station (310) via beam sweeping through receiving beam sweeping. The UE (320) can receive the RSs transmitted via the transmission beams.

[0298] The UE (320) can measure RSs received through each of the multiple transmission beams. The values ​​of the RSs measured by the UE (320) may be L1-RSRP values. The UE (320) may generate a beam report message based on report setting information. The beam report message may include one or more L1-RSRP value(s) measured based on the report setting information. As another example, the beam report message may include information corresponding to the L1-RSRP value(s) measured based on the report setting information (e.g., quantization information of L1-RSRP).

[0299] In step S930, the UE (320) can transmit a beam report message to the base station (310) through the UL resources included in the DCI. In step S930, the base station (310) can receive the beam report message from the UE (320) through the UL channel allocated by the DCI.

[0300] In addition, in response to the inference report instructions received at step S910, the UE (320) can perform inference using the UE side model (321).

[0301] The input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information (e.g., a beam identifier and L1-RSRP values ​​corresponding to the beam identifier) ​​obtained by the UE (320) measuring RSs received through multiple beams. According to one embodiment, only the non-periodic RSs received in step S920 may be used as the input information of the UE side model (321). In other words, among the L1-RSRP values ​​measured prior to the inference report instruction, only the most recently measured L1-RSRP values ​​may be used as the input information of the UE side model (321).

[0302] According to another embodiment, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information regarding the most recent aperiodic RSs among the aperiodic RSs received prior to the inference report instruction. For example, beam-related information measured from the two most recent aperiodic RS transmissions may be used as input information for the UE side model (321). The two most recent ones are described as an example, and the number of the most recent aperiodic RS receptions to be used as input information for the UE side model (321) may be set by the report setting information.

[0303] The input information of the UE side model (321) may use beam-related information corresponding to some RS(s) rather than all of the most recently measured non-periodic RS(s). Each RS(s) may be transmitted through corresponding beams. Therefore, the measured values ​​of each RS(s) may represent the quality of the corresponding beams. The beam-related information of some beam(s) (beam(s) corresponding to the measured RS(s)) used as input information of the UE side model (321) may be selected as follows.

[0304] The input information of the UE side model (321) may, for example, be beam-related information corresponding to the best beam (or worst beam) among the beam-related information for each of the measured beams. As another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information corresponding to each of a preset number of the best beams among the beam-related information corresponding to the measured non-periodic RSs. As yet another example, the input information of the UE side model (321) may be beam-related information corresponding to each of a preset number of the worst beams among the beam-related information corresponding to the measured non-periodic RSs.

[0305] A time window may be used to obtain beam-related information, which is input information of the UE side model (321). The method of obtaining (or determining) beam-related information through the setting of the time window may be the same as the method described in FIG. 4 above. Therefore, a redundant description of the time window setting is omitted.

[0306] The UE side model (321) can perform inference using input information and output an inference result. The inference result may be beam prediction information for specific time instances in the future. If the input information is an L1-RSRP value, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be a predicted L1-RSRP value.

[0307] The UE (320) can generate an inference report message containing the inference results of the UE side model (321). The inference results may include beam prediction information, and the beam prediction information may include a predicted beam ID and a predicted value corresponding to the predicted beam (e.g., a predicted L1-RSRP value).

[0308] In step S940, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message to the base station (310) through a UL channel assigned by the DCI containing an inference report instruction. In step S940, the base station (310) can receive an inference report message from the UE (320) through a UL channel assigned by the DCI containing an inference report instruction.

[0309] Meanwhile, the DCI described above may be a case where UL channel allocation for non-periodic beam reporting instructions and inference result reporting is possible. However, the base station (320) may transmit inference reporting instructions using a DCI where UL channel allocation for inference result reporting is not possible.

[0310] If an inference report instruction is transmitted using a DCI where UL channel allocation is not possible, the report setting information may further configure the UL channel information to transmit the inference result of the UE side model (321). In this case, the base station (310) may transmit the inference report instruction to the UE (320) using a DCI where UL resource allocation information cannot be transmitted.

[0311] The UE (320) can identify UL channel information that can transmit the inference results of the UE side model (321) from the report setting information. Subsequently, if an inference report instruction is transmitted from the base station (310) in a DCI that does not include UL resource allocation information, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message through the UL channel pre-allocated in the report setting information.

[0312] As another example, in the example of FIG. 9, it is assumed that steps S930 and S940 are transmitted separately. However, the beam report message and the inference report message may be multiplexed and transmitted to the base station (310) as a single report message. In this case, the UE (320) can multiplex the beam report message and the inference report message to form a single message and then transmit it to the base station (310) at step S930.

[0313] The UL channel described in FIG. 9 may be one or more of PUCCH and / or PUSCH, and the container to which beam report messages and / or inference report messages are transmitted may be transmitted in the form of a payload of the UL channel or through the MAC-CE of PUSCH.

[0314] The configuration for the inference report of the UE side model (321) described in the embodiments described in FIGS. 4 to 9 may be an example of using configuration information for beam information measurement and reporting for AI / ML model operation, rather than dedicated configuration information. However, a report configuration dedicated to the inference result reporting of the UE side model (321) can be defined and operated.

[0315] The embodiments of FIGS. 4 through 9 described above are described assuming that the UE side model (321) is an AI / ML model that performs inference based on beam measurements. However, the base station (310) and / or UE (320) may use two or more AI / ML models. The two or more AI / ML models may be AI / ML models for different purposes, or AI / ML models for the same purpose but having different neural network structures.

[0316] If there are two or more UE side models, the reporting setting information and / or inference reporting instructions may further include information that sets (or directs) the inference results of a specific AI / ML model among multiple AI / ML models to be reported. In other words, a signaling message containing the inference reporting instructions described in FIGS. 4 through 9 may further include an indicator that directs the inference results of a specific AI / ML model among multiple AI / ML models to be reported. Upon receiving a signaling message containing inference reporting instructions, a UE having two or more AI / ML models may perform inference using the UE side model directed by the indicator directing the inference results of a specific AI / ML model among multiple AI / ML models to be reported. The UE may then generate an inference reporting message containing the inference results of the UE side model directed by the indicator directing the inference results of a specific AI / ML model to be reported and transmit it to a base station.

[0317] The base station may be configured (or instructed) to report the inference results of a specific AI / ML model through report configuration information and / or inference reporting instructions. For example, the UE may be equipped (or operated) with a UE-side model that predicts a beam in a spatial domain based on a single time instance, and a UE-side model that predicts beams for multiple future time instances based on beam-related information regarding beams measured in the past.

[0318] When multiple UE side models are operated in a UE, the base station may additionally transmit information to the UE instructing (or setting) one of the UE side models depending on which inference result needs to be received.

[0319] Inference reporting instructions using a specific UE-side model may be implicitly or explicitly indicated. Indicators specifying a particular UE-side model may be set by RRC signaling messages or included in DCI and / or MAC-CE messages and transmitted to the UE.

[0320] The UE can perform inference using an AI / ML model directed by a message received from the base station and then transmit an inference report message containing the inference result to the base station.

[0321] [UE side model inference reporting method]

[0322] In the disclosure described below, a method is described in which only the UE (320) in FIG. 3 has a UE side model (321), or in which both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320) and the inference results are reported. In particular, in the disclosure described below, a method is described in which the UE side model (321) performs inference according to beam management case 1 (BM case 1) and beam management case 2 (BM case 2) and reports the inference results.

[0323] The inference of the UE side model (321) may mean an operation of performing a prediction of a predetermined number of high-quality beams within another specific set using the measurement values ​​for a specific set transmitted by the base station (310) as input information.

[0324] In the following description, the set of RS resources corresponding to the beams to be measured for use as input information for the UE side model (321) in BM case 1 and BM case 2 is defined as "set B", and the set of RS resources corresponding to the beams to be predicted for the UE side model (321) is defined as "set A".

[0325] According to the definition above, the RS resources included in Set B may correspond to the target beam to which the RS is transmitted. Therefore, in the following description, "target beam(s) included in Set B" or "target beam(s)" may correspond to the "RS resources included in Set B." Based on this correspondence, the target beam identifier (beam ID) may refer to the RS resource identifier included in Set B.

[0326] Additionally, since Set A is defined as a set of RS resources corresponding to the target beams of the UE side model (321), the RS resources included in Set A can correspond to the target beams. Therefore, in the following description, "target beam(s) included in Set A" or "target beam(s)" may correspond to "RS resources included in Set A". Based on this correspondence, the target beam identifier (beam ID) may refer to the RS resource identifier included in Set A. The UE side model (321) may select specific beam(s) from Set A based on the beam inference method described below. Based on the definition above, "selected beam(s)" or "beam(s) selected in Set A" may correspond to "RS resources selected in Set A". Therefore, the beam identifier(s) in the selected Set A may refer to the RS resource identifier included in Set A.

[0327] Next, BM case 1 and BM case 2 are explained in more detail as follows:

[0328] The UE side model used in BM case 1 may be an AI / ML model that takes the measurement results of set B as input and predicts the top K beam(s) with good quality in the spatial domain for a single time instance, as well as the quality corresponding to those beam(s). In other words, the UE side model used in BM case 1 can take the measurement results of set B as input, perform inference, and output an inference result. The inference result of the UE side model used in BM case 1 may be information on the top K beam(s) selected based on quality from set A corresponding to the beams to be predicted. Here, K may be a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0329] The UE side model used in BM case 2 may be an AI / ML model that takes past measurement results for the target beams of set B as input and predicts the top M beam(s) with good quality and the quality corresponding to those beam(s) for multiple future time instances. In other words, the UE side model used in BM case 2 can infer using the past measurement results of set B as input and output the inference result. The inference result of the UE side model used in BM case 2 may be information on the top M beam(s) selected based on quality in set A corresponding to the target beams to be predicted. Here, M may be a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0330] The BM case 1 and BM case 2 described above may refer to beam inference methods. In other words, BM case 1 may refer to a first method for beam inference in a UE side model, and BM case 2 may refer to a second method for beam inference in a UE side model. According to one embodiment, the UE side model may vary depending on the beam inference method. According to another embodiment, a single UE side model may perform inference based on BM case 1 and inference based on BM case 2.

[0331] The base station (310) may provide Set A and Set B to the UE (320). If the RS is CSI-RS, the configuration information may be transmitted to the UE (320), for example, via CSI-ReportConfig, which is one of the RRC signaling messages. The set of RS resources corresponding to Set A and the set of RS resources corresponding to Set B within CSI-ReportConfig may be configured in association with a specific associated ID.

[0332] Sets A and B may be set by the same RRC signaling message, or each of Set A and Set B may be set by a different RRC signaling message. Sets A and B may be set to the same specific IE, or each of different IEs.

[0333] If the RS transmitted through Set B is CSI-RS, Set B may be configured to be periodic, semi-permanent, or non-periodic within the RRC signaling message CSI-ReportConfig. When configuring Set B, CSI-ReportConfig may include some or all of the information described in a) through c) above.

[0334] The inference result of the UE side model (321) may include information on selected beam(s). The information on selected beam(s) may include selected beam(s) (or identifier(s) of selected beam(s)) based on BM case 1 or BM case 2 among the predicted target beams, and predicted value(s) (predicted L1-RSRP value(s)) corresponding to the selected beam(s).

[0335] Accordingly, when the UE (320) transmits (or reports) the inference results to the base station (310), the UE (320) may be configured to include beam identifier(s) (beam ID(s)) (selected RS resource ID(s)) selected from set A, and prediction value(s) (predicted L1-RSRP value(s)) corresponding to the selected beam(s).

[0336] As a method for indicating a beam ID selected in set A in an inference report message transmitted by the UE (320) to the base station (310), the base station (310) may pre-set and transmit several bits to indicate the beam(s) belonging to set A in an RRC signaling message. The number of bits to indicate each beam belonging to set A may be determined based on the number of predicted target beams included in set A. For example, if the number of beams included in set A is 8 beams, the number of bits to indicate the predicted target beams may be 3 bits.

[0337] If set A includes 8 predicted target beams (beam #1, beam #2, beam #3, beam #4, beam #5, beam #6, beam #7, and beam #8), the base station (310) may inform the UE (320) in an RRC signaling message that the number of beams in set A is 8, or pre-map bits to indicate each of the beams. For example, the base station may use 3 bits to map beam #1 to '000', beam #2 to '001', beam #3 to '010', beam #4 to '011', beam #5 to '100', beam #6 to '101', beam #7 to '110', and beam #8 to '111'.

[0338] The base station (310) can transmit this mapping relationship information to the UE (320) in advance during RRC signaling. In this case, the UE (320) can indicate the predicted target beams using 3 bits of mapping information instead of the predicted target beam identifier in the inference report message.

[0339] In the above example, the number of predicted target beams included in Set A is 8, which is an example to aid in understanding the present disclosure, and the number of predicted target beams included in Set A may be 8 or more, or less than 8.

[0340] A UE (320) according to the present disclosure may report a predicted beam and a predicted L1-RSRP value to a base station as an inference result using a UE side model (321). In the case of BM case 1, the inference result included in the inference report message transmitted by the UE (320) to the base station (310) may include one or both of the inference result based on BM case 1 and / or the inference result based on BM case 2.

[0341] In the following embodiments, cases where CSI-RS is transmitted through RS resources included in Set B (specific target beams corresponding to the RS resources) will be described. This is for convenience of explanation only and should not be interpreted as being limited thereto. In other words, any RS described below, whether an SSB or any other RS ​​defined for beam measurement, can be inferred and reported through inference of the UE side model based on the method described below.

[0342] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the case where a UE transmits an inferred report message to a base station based on report setting information.

[0343] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 10 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 10 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 10 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In the embodiment of FIG. 10 to be described below, the UE (320) may measure the RSs received through the beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference using the measured values ​​of the RSs as input to the UE side model (321). The RS for measuring and inferring beams may be, for example, CSI-RS, SSB, etc., but for convenience of explanation, the present disclosure assumes that the RS is CSI-RS.

[0344] In step S1000, the base station (310) may transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). For example, the report configuration information may be transmitted using the CSI-ReportConfig of an upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) message. The report configuration information may include some or all of the information described in a) through c) above. The report configuration information may include a set B containing RS resources corresponding to the beams to be measured, and a set A containing RS resources corresponding to the beams to be predicted.

[0345] Set A and Set B may be set by the same RRC signaling message as previously described, or they may be set by different RRC signaling messages. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that Set A and Set B are transmitted via report setting information.

[0346] The transmission type of the CSI-RS transmitted through the beams to be measured can be set to one of periodic, semi-permanent, or non-periodic. The example in FIG. 10 may be an example where the transmission type of the CSI-RS is set to a periodic type. When the transmission type of the CSI-RS is set to periodic, the reporting setting information may further include the transmission period of the CSI-RS.

[0347] The report setting information can set the report for either BM case 1 or BM case 2. If the UE (320) has a UE side model for BM case 1 and a UE side model for BM case 2, the base station (310) can be configured to include the report setting for BM case 1 and / or the report setting for BM case 2 in the report setting information. The report setting information may further include the number of beam(s) to be output as the inference result of the UE side model (321) in set A for each of BM case 1 and BM case 2 (the value of K for BM case 1 and the value of M for BM case 2).

[0348] The report setting information may enable only one of the report settings of BM case 1 and / or the report settings of BM case 2, or enable both. In the embodiment of FIG. 11, it is assumed that the report setting information includes only one of the report settings of BM case 1 and the report settings of BM case 2, or that only one is enabled. If only one of the report settings of BM case 1 and the report settings of BM case 2 is included or that only one is enabled, the UE (320) may understand it as a UE side model instruction to use.

[0349] Report setting information may include UL resource (UL channel) information to transmit inference report messages after beam measurement and inference. Report setting information may further include the transmission period of the inference report message.

[0350] In step S1000, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). The UE (320) can obtain various information described above from the report setting information received from the base station (310). For example, the UE (320) can determine from the received report setting information the transmission method of Set A, Set B, and CSI-RS, the report setting of BM case 1 / 2, the number of beam(s) to be output as an inference result, the UL resource to transmit the inference report message, and the transmission period of the inference report message.

[0351] In step S1010, the base station (310) can transmit CSI-RS to the UE (320) based on the report setting information. The CSI-RS can be transmitted to the UE (320) via the beams to be measured. The beams to be measured can be transmitted to the UE (320) by beam sweeping as described above in FIG. 3. The UE (320) can receive the beams to be measured by receiving beam sweeping. Since the transmission beam sweeping and reception beam sweeping have been described above in FIG. 3, a redundant description is omitted.

[0352] In step S1010, the UE (320) can receive CSI-RS through the target beams included in set B based on the received report setting information. The UE (320) can measure the CSI-RS received through each of the target beams. The measured value of the CSI-RS measured by the UE (320) may be an L1-RSRP value. The UE (320) can input the measured value of the CSI-RS into the UE side model (321) to perform inference and obtain an inference result.

[0353] If the reporting setting information includes only the reporting setting of BM case 1, the UE side model (321) may be an AI / ML model capable of performing inference corresponding to BM case 1. If the reporting setting information includes only the reporting setting of BM case 2, the UE side model (321) may be an AI / ML model capable of performing inference corresponding to BM case 2. If the reporting setting information includes both the reporting setting of BM case 1 and the reporting setting of BM case 2, and only one of the reporting settings of BM case 1 and BM case 2 is activated, the UE side model (321) may be an AI / ML model capable of performing inference corresponding to the activated BM case. If the reporting setting information includes both the reporting setting of BM case 1 and the reporting setting of BM case 2, and both the reporting setting of BM case 1 and the reporting setting of BM case 2 are enabled, the UE side model (321) may be an AI / ML model capable of performing inference for both BM case 1 and BM case 2, or may include an AI / ML model capable of performing inference for BM case 1 and an AI / ML model capable of performing inference for BM case 1.

[0354] The inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about beam(s) selected based on quality in set A. The selected beam information may include selected beam identifier(s) (or RS resource identifier(s)) and L1-RSRP values ​​predicted corresponding to the selected beam(s). For example, in the case of BM case 1, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about the top K beams selected based on quality in set A, and in the case of BM case 2, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about the top M beams selected based on quality in set A.

[0355] The beam(s) selected based on quality can be indicated using several bits. An example of this was explained above using the case where the number of beams in set A is 8, so a redundant explanation is omitted.

[0356] The UE (320) can generate an inference report message containing the inference results of the UE side model (321) based on the report setting information. The inference report message can be generated based on the inference reporting cycle. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be the case where the transmission cycle of the CSI-RS and the inference reporting cycle for transmitting the inference report message are the same. However, the transmission cycle of the CSI-RS and the inference reporting cycle may be set differently.

[0357] For example, the inference reporting period may be set to twice the transmission period of the CSI-RS, or the inference reporting period may be set to three or four times the transmission period of the CSI-RS. If the inference reporting period is set to be longer than the transmission period of the CSI-RS, the UE (320) may not perform frequent inference, thus reducing the power consumption of the UE (320). Additionally, if the inference reporting period is set to be longer than the transmission period of the CSI-RS, the number of transmissions of inference report messages is reduced, so there may be an advantage of reducing the overhead caused by the transmission of inference report messages.

[0358] In step S1020, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message generated using UL resources allocated in the report setting information to the base station (310). In step S1020, the base station (310) can receive an inference report message from the UE (320) using UL resources allocated in the report setting information. The base station (310) can perform DL beam management based on the inference report message received from the UE (320).

[0359] After the base station (310) transmits the CSI-RS in step S1010, when the time set as the RS transmission period (1001) has elapsed, it can transmit the CSI-RS to the UE (320) through the measurement target beams included in set B in step S1030. In step S1030, the UE (320) can receive the CSI-RS through the measurement target beams included in set B.

[0360] Step S1030 may be the same procedure as Step S1010 described earlier, and Step S1040 may be the same procedure as Step S1020 described earlier. Therefore, redundant explanations are omitted.

[0361] According to the embodiment described in FIG. 10, the UE (320) can transmit inference results to the base station based on report setting information without receiving a special triggering or signaling message from the base station (310). Thus, the embodiment of FIG. 10 has the advantage of reducing signaling overhead for inference reporting.

[0362] FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating the case where a UE transmits an inference report message to a base station based on report setting information and an inference report activation instruction.

[0363] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 11 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 11 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 11 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In the embodiment of FIG. 11 to be described below, the UE (320) may measure the RSs received through the beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference using the measured values ​​of the RSs as input to the UE side model (321). The RS for measuring and inferring beams may be, for example, CSI-RS, SSB, etc., but for convenience of explanation, the present disclosure will assume and describe the case where the RS is CSI-RS.

[0364] In step S1100, the base station (310) may transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). For example, the report configuration information may be transmitted using CSI-ReportConfig of a higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) message. The report configuration information may include some or all of the information described in a) through c) above. The report configuration information may include a set B containing RS resources corresponding to the beams to be measured, and a set A containing RS resources corresponding to the beams to be predicted. In the report configuration information, the number of beam(s) to be output as an inference result of the UE side model (321) (value K for BM case 1, value M for BM case 2) may be further set.

[0365] Set A and Set B may be set by the same RRC signaling message or by different RRC signaling messages. In the embodiment of FIG. 11, for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that Set A and Set B are transmitted via report setting information.

[0366] The transmission type of the CSI-RS transmitted through the beams to be measured can be set to one of periodic, semi-permanent, or non-periodic. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be an example where the transmission type of the CSI-RS is set to a semi-permanent type. When the transmission type of the CSI-RS is set to a semi-permanent type, the reporting setting information may further include the transmission period of the CSI-RS.

[0367] The report setting information can set the report for either BM case 1 or BM case 2. If the UE (320) has a UE side model for BM case 1 and a UE side model for BM case 2, the base station (310) can be configured to include the report setting for BM case 1 and / or the report setting for BM case 2 in the report setting information. The report setting information may further include the number of beam(s) to be output as the inference result of the UE side model (321) in set A for each of BM case 1 and BM case 2 (the value of K for BM case 1 and the value of M for BM case 2).

[0368] Unlike the embodiment of FIG. 10, the report setting information transmitted in FIG. 11 may include only the report setting of BM case 1 and / or the report setting of BM case 2, and may be a case where neither the report setting of BM case 1 and / or the report setting of BM case 2 is set to be enabled. The activation instruction for the report setting of BM case 1 and / or the report setting of BM case 2 may be transmitted to the UE (320) through the inference report activation instruction described below.

[0369] Report setting information may include UL resource (UL channel) information to transmit inference report messages after beam measurement and inference. Report setting information may further include the transmission period of the inference report message.

[0370] In step S1100, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). The UE (320) can obtain various information described above from the report setting information received from the base station (310). For example, the UE (320) can determine from the received report setting information the transmission method of Set A, Set B, and CSI-RS, the report setting of BM case 1 / 2, the number of beam(s) to be output as an inference result, the UL resource to transmit the inference report message, and the transmission cycle of the inference report message.

[0371] In step S1110, the base station (310) can transmit CSI-RS to the UE based on the RS transmission cycle. CSI-RS can be transmitted to the UE (320) through the measurement target beams belonging to set B. The measurement target beams can be transmitted to the UE (320) by beam sweeping as described above in FIG. 3. In step S1110, the UE (320) can receive CSI-RS through the measurement target beams belonging to set B based on the received report setting information. The UE (320) can determine a measurement value by measuring the CSI-RS received through the measurement target beams. The measurement value obtained by the UE (320) measuring the CSI-RS may be an L1-RSRP value.

[0372] In step S1110, the UE (320) receives and measures CSI-RS through the target beams, but may not perform inference using the UE side model (321). This is because the UE (320) has received report setting information from the base station (310) but has not received instructions to enable inference reporting. Therefore, if necessary, the UE (320) may store the L1-RSRP value of the CSI-RS it measured in memory (220) and / or storage device (260).

[0373] The S1110 step described above may be an operation in which RS transmission is enabled prior to the S1120 step. If the transmission of semi-permanent RS is enabled at the S1120 step, the S1110 step may not be performed.

[0374] In step S1120, the base station (310) may transmit an inference report activation instruction to the UE (320). The inference report activation instruction may be transmitted by the base station (310) to the UE (320) when inference reporting using the UE side model (321) of the UE (320) is required. The inference report activation instruction may be transmitted via a MAC-CE message or a DCI. The inference report activation instruction may indicate the activation of one or both of the reporting settings of BM case 1 and / or BM case 2. For convenience of explanation, the present disclosure assumes that the inference report activation instruction indicates the activation of only one of the reporting settings of BM case 1 and / or BM case 2.

[0375] Meanwhile, as described in step S1110, if the transmission of RS is not pre-activated, the base station (310) may instruct the RS transmission to be activated along with an inference report activation instruction in step S1120. The instruction to activate the RS transmission may be explicitly indicated within the message in which the inference report activation instruction is transmitted. As another example, the instruction to activate the RS transmission may be implicitly indicated. For example, the instruction to activate the RS transmission may be understood as the instruction to activate the RS transmission being activated together with the inference report activation instruction when the inference report activation instruction is transmitted.

[0376] If an inference reporting enable instruction is transmitted via the DCI, the inference reporting enable instruction may be transmitted through a newly defined field in the DCI. As another example, if an inference reporting enable instruction is transmitted via the DCI, one of the fields currently defined in the DCI may be newly defined as the inference result reporting instruction field, and the inference reporting enable instruction may be transmitted through this newly defined field. As yet another example, if an inference reporting enable instruction is transmitted via the DCI, the inference reporting enable instruction may be implicitly indicated through a combination of one or more of the current DCI fields.

[0377] In step S1120, the UE (320) can receive an inference report activation instruction transmitted by the base station (310). When the UE (320) receives the inference report activation instruction from the base station (310), it can activate the UE side model to perform an inference report based on the report setting information. If the inference report of BM case 1 is set in the report setting information, the UE (320) can activate the UE side model for the inference report of BM case 1, and if the inference report of BM case 2 is set in the report setting information, the UE (320) can activate the UE side model for the inference report of BM case 2.

[0378] After the base station (310) transmits the CSI-RS to the UE (320) in step S1110 and the RS transmission cycle (1101) has elapsed, the base station (310) can transmit the CSI-RS to the UE (320) through the measurement target beams included in set B in step S1130. In step S1130, the UE (320) can receive the CSI-RS transmitted from the base station (310) through the measurement target beams included in set B based on the report setting information.

[0379] The UE (320) can measure the CSI-RS received through each of the target beams in set B and obtain an L1-RSRP value for each of the measured CSI-RS. The UE (320) can input the measured CSI-RS values ​​into the UE side model (321) to perform inference and obtain an inference result.

[0380] If the inference report activation instruction received in step S1120 instructs the activation of the report settings of BM case 1, the UE side model (321) may be an AI / ML model capable of performing inference corresponding to BM case 1. If the inference report activation instruction received in step S1120 instructs the activation of the report settings of BM case 2, the UE side model (321) may be an AI / ML model capable of performing inference corresponding to BM case 2. If the inference report activation instruction received in step S1120 instructs the activation of both the report settings of BM case 1 and the report settings of BM case 2, the UE side model (321) may be an AI / ML model capable of performing inference for both BM case 1 and BM case 2, or may include an AI / ML model capable of performing inference for BM case 1 and an AI / ML model capable of performing inference for BM case 1. Alternatively, the UE side model (321) may have BM case 1 and BM case 2 each activated.

[0381] The inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about beam(s) selected based on quality in set A. The selected beam information may include selected beam identifier(s) (or RS resource identifier(s)) and L1-RSRP values ​​predicted corresponding to the selected beam(s). For example, in the case of BM case 1, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about the top K beams selected based on quality in set A, and in the case of BM case 2, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about the top M beams selected based on quality in set A.

[0382] The beam(s) selected based on quality can be indicated using several bits. An example of this was explained above using the case where the number of beams in set A is 8, so a redundant explanation is omitted.

[0383] The UE (320) can generate an inference report message containing the inference result of the UE side model (321) based on the report setting information. The inference report message can be generated based on the inference reporting cycle. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be a case where the transmission cycle of the CSI-RS and the inference reporting cycle for transmitting the inference report message are the same.

[0384] The transmission period and inference reporting period of CSI-RS may be set differently. For example, the inference reporting period may be set to twice the transmission period of CSI-RS, or the inference reporting period may be set to three or four times the transmission period of CSI-RS.

[0385] If the inference reporting cycle is set longer than the transmission cycle of CSI-RS, the UE (320) may not perform frequent inference, thus reducing the power consumption of the UE (320). Additionally, if the inference reporting cycle is set longer than the transmission cycle of CSI-RS, the number of transmissions of inference report messages is reduced, so there may be an advantage of reducing the overhead caused by the transmission of inference report messages.

[0386] In step S1140, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message to the base station (310) using the UL resources allocated in the report setting information. In step S1140, the base station (310) can receive an inference report message from the UE (320) using the UL resources allocated in the report setting information.

[0387] After the base station (310) transmits the CSI-RS in step S1130, when the time set as the RS transmission period (1101) has elapsed, it can transmit the CSI-RS to the UE (320) through the measurement target beams included in set B in step S1150. In step S1150, the UE (320) can receive the CSI-RS through the specific target beams included in set B.

[0388] Step S1150 may be the same procedure as Step S1130 described earlier, and Step S1160 may be the same procedure as Step S1140 described earlier. Therefore, redundant explanations are omitted.

[0389] In step S1170, the base station (310) may transmit an inference reporting disable instruction to the UE (320). The inference reporting disable instruction may be transmitted by the base station (310) to the UE (320) when inference reporting using the UE side model (321) of the UE (320) is no longer required. The inference reporting disable instruction may be transmitted via a MAC-CE message or a DCI.

[0390] At step S1170, the UE (320) may receive a command to disable inference reporting. When the UE (320) receives the command to disable inference reporting, it may disable the UE side model (321). In other words, it may prevent the inference reporting operation using the UE side model (321) from being performed.

[0391] The meaning of not performing an inference reporting operation using the UE side model (321) may be that only the operation as in step S1110 above is performed. In other words, it may mean that the UE (320) receives CSI-RS from the base station (310) through the measurement target beams and performs the operation of measuring the received CSI-RS, but does not perform the procedure of inferring using the UE side model (321) and transmitting an inference reporting message.

[0392] The embodiment of FIG. 11, when compared to FIG. 10 described earlier, can reduce the transmission of unnecessary inference report messages by using inference report enable instructions and inference report disable instructions to cause the UE (320) to transmit inference report messages only during the necessary time intervals. As a result, the UE (320) performing the embodiment of FIG. 11 can reduce power consumption. In addition, a system applying the embodiment of FIG. 11 has the advantage of reducing the overload of the UL channel.

[0393] FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a case where a UE transmits an inference report message to a base station based on report setting information and inference report instructions set for periodic RS transmission.

[0394] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 12 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 12 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 12 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In the embodiment of FIG. 12 to be described below, the UE (320) may measure the RSs received through the beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference using the measured values ​​of the RSs as input to the UE side model (321). The RS for measuring and inferring beams may be, for example, CSI-RS, SSB, etc., but for convenience of explanation, the present disclosure will assume and describe the case where the RS is CSI-RS.

[0395] In step S1200, the base station (310) may transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). For example, the report configuration information may be transmitted using CSI-ReportConfig of an upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) message. The report configuration information may include some or all of the information described in a) through c) above. The report configuration information may include a set B containing RS resources corresponding to the beams to be measured, and a set A containing RS resources corresponding to the beams to be predicted. In the report configuration information, the number of beam(s) to be output as an inference result of the UE side model (321) (value K for BM case 1, value M for BM case 2) may be further set.

[0396] Set A and Set B may be set by the same RRC signaling message or by different RRC signaling messages. In the embodiment of FIG. 12, for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that Set A and Set B are transmitted via report setting information.

[0397] The transmission type of the CSI-RS transmitted through the beams to be measured can be set to one of periodic, semi-permanent, or non-periodic. In the embodiment of FIG. 12, the transmission type of the CSI-RS may be a periodic type. When the transmission type of the CSI-RS is set to periodic, the reporting setting information may further include the transmission period of the CSI-RS.

[0398] The report setting information can set the report for either BM case 1 or BM case 2. If the UE (320) has a UE side model for BM case 1 and a UE side model for BM case 2, the base station (310) can be configured to include the report setting for BM case 1 and / or the report setting for BM case 2 in the report setting information. The report setting information may further include the number of beam(s) to be output as the inference result of the UE side model (321) in set A for each of BM case 1 and BM case 2 (the value of K for BM case 1 and the value of M for BM case 2).

[0399] The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be a case where, unlike the embodiment described in FIG. 10, the report setting information does not include information on a UL resource (or UL channel) to transmit an inference report message after beam measurement and inference.

[0400] In step S1200, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). The UE (320) can obtain various information described above from the report setting information received from the base station (310). For example, the UE (320) can identify from the received report setting information the transmission method of Set A, Set B, and CSI-RS, the report setting of BM case 1 / 2, the number of beam(s) to be output as an inference result, and the transmission period of the inference report message. In step S1200, the report setting information may not include UL resources to transmit the inference report message as described above.

[0401] In step S1210, the base station (310) can transmit CSI-RS to the UE (320) based on the RS transmission cycle. The CSI-RS can be transmitted to the UE (320) through the measurement target beams belonging to set B. The measurement target beams can be transmitted to the UE (320) by beam sweeping as described above in FIG. 3.

[0402] In step S1210, the UE (320) can receive CSI-RS through the target beams of measurement belonging to set B based on the received report setting information. The UE (320) can determine a measurement value by measuring the CSI-RS received through the target beams of measurement. The measurement value obtained by the UE (320) measuring the CSI-RS may be an L1-RSRP value.

[0403] In step S1210, CSI-RS is received and measured through the target beams, but the UE (320) may not perform inference using the UE side model (321). This is because the UE (320) has received report setting information from the base station (310) but has not received inference report instructions from the base station (310). Therefore, the UE (320) may store the measured L1-RSRP value in memory (220) and / or storage device (260) if necessary.

[0404] After the base station (310) transmits the CSI-RS to the UE (320) in step S1210, when the RS transmission cycle (1201) arrives, the base station may transmit the CSI-RS to the UE (320) through the measurement target beams belonging to set B in step S1220. Step S1220 may be the same procedure as the previously described step S1210. Thus, the base station (310) and the UE (320) may perform the same operation as in step S1210.

[0405] If it is necessary to receive an inference report using an AI / ML model from the UE (320), the base station (310) may transmit an inference report instruction to the UE (320) in step S1230. The inference report instruction may be transmitted by being included in a DCI. The DCI may use DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1, which can transmit UL resource (or UL channel) information. When using DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1, a new field for the inference report instruction may be defined in DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1. As another example, if a DCI currently used by 3GPP is used, the CSI request field of DCI format 0_1 ​​may be used for the inference report instruction. If the reporting setting information includes both the reporting setting of BM case 1 and the reporting setting of BM case 2 (or is set to enabled), the inference reporting instruction may instruct the inference reporting of BM case 1 or the inference reporting of BM case 2.

[0406] In step S1230, the UE (320) may receive a DCI containing inference report instructions and UL resource information from the base station (310). At this time, if the inference report instructions instruct an inference report of BM case 1, the UE (320) may activate the UE side model for the inference report of BM case 1. As another example, if the inference report instructions instruct an inference report of BM case 2, the UE (320) may activate the UE side model for the inference report of BM case 2. As yet another example, the inference report only instructs the activation of the inference report, and the settings for the inference report of BM case 1 or the inference report of BM case 2 may be pre-set by the report setting information.

[0407] In response to the inference report instruction received from the base station (310) at step S1230, the UE (320) can perform inference. When performing inference using the UE side model (321), the input to the UE side model (321) may be the measured value of CSI-RS measured at step S1220. As another example, the input to the UE side model (321) may be the measured value of CSI-RS measured at steps S1210 and S1220.

[0408] The inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about beam(s) selected based on quality in set A. The selected beam information may include selected beam identifier(s) (or RS resource identifier(s)) and L1-RSRP values ​​predicted corresponding to the selected beam(s). For example, in the case of BM case 1, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about the top K beams selected based on quality in set A, and in the case of BM case 2, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about the top M beams selected based on quality in set A.

[0409] The beam(s) selected based on quality can be indicated using several bits. An example of this was explained above using the case where the number of beams in set A is 8, so a redundant explanation is omitted.

[0410] The UE (320) can generate an inference report message based on the inference results of the UE side model (321) and the setting information. In the case of FIGS. 10 and 11, the inference report message was generated based on the inference report cycle set in the reporting setting information, whereas in the embodiment of FIG. 12, the inference report message can be generated in response to an inference report instruction triggered by the base station. Therefore, compared to the embodiments of FIG. 10 and 11, which are transmitted every inference report cycle, the embodiment of FIG. 12 can trigger the base station (310) to transmit the inference report message to the UE (320) only when necessary.

[0411] In step S1240, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message to the base station (310) through a UL channel allocated by the DCI. In step S1240, the base station (310) can receive an inference report message from the UE (320) through a UL channel allocated by the DCI.

[0412] Unlike the embodiments of FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 described earlier, the embodiment described in FIG. 12 allows the base station (310) to transmit an inference report instruction to the UE (320) only when an inference report is required, thereby enabling the UE (320) to transmit an inference report message. Thus, the UE (320) can reduce power consumption by performing inference using the UE side model (321) only when it receives an inference report instruction. In addition, frequent transmission of inference report messages can be prevented.

[0413] FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating the case where a UE transmits an inference report message to a base station based on report setting information, RS activation instructions, and inference report instructions.

[0414] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 13 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 13 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 13 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In the embodiment of FIG. 13 to be described below, the UE (320) may measure the RSs received through the beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference using the measured values ​​of the RSs as input to the side model (321). The RS for measuring and inferring beams may be, for example, CSI-RS, SSB, etc., but for convenience of explanation, the present disclosure will assume and describe the case where the RS is CSI-RS.

[0415] In step S1300, the base station (310) may transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). For example, the report configuration information may be transmitted using the CSI-ReportConfig of an upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) message. The report configuration information may include some or all of the information described in a) through c) above. The report configuration information may include a set B containing RS resources corresponding to the beams to be measured, and a set A containing RS resources corresponding to the beams to be predicted. In the report configuration information, the number of beam(s) to be output as an inference result of the UE side model (321) (value K for BM case 1, value M for BM case 2) may be further set.

[0416] Set A and Set B may be set by the same RRC signaling message or by different RRC signaling messages. In the embodiment of FIG. 13, for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that Set A and Set B are transmitted via report setting information.

[0417] The transmission type of the CSI-RS transmitted through the beams to be measured can be set to one of periodic, semi-permanent, or non-periodic. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be an example where the transmission type of the CSI-RS is set to a semi-permanent type. When the transmission type of the CSI-RS is set to a semi-permanent type, the reporting setting information may further include the transmission period of the CSI-RS.

[0418] The report setting information can set the report for either BM case 1 or BM case 2. If the UE (320) has a UE side model for BM case 1 and a UE side model for BM case 2, the base station (310) can be configured to include the report setting for BM case 1 or the report setting for BM case 2 in the report setting information. The report setting information may further include the number of beam(s) to be output as the inference result of the UE side model (321) in set A for each of BM case 1 and BM case 2 (the value of K for BM case 1, the value of M for BM case 2).

[0419] The embodiment of FIG. 13 differs from the embodiment described in FIG. 11 above in that the report setting information may not include UL resource (or UL channel) information to transmit the inference report message after beam measurement and inference.

[0420] In step S1300, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). The UE (320) can obtain various information described above from the report setting information received from the base station (310). For example, the UE (320) can identify from the received report setting information the transmission method of Set A, Set B, and CSI-RS, the report setting of BM case 1 / 2, the number of beam(s) to be output as an inference result, and the transmission period of the inference report message. In step 1300, the report setting information may not include the UL resources to transmit the inference report message as described above.

[0421] In step S1310, the base station (310) may transmit RS activation information to the UE (320) if an inference report using the UE side model is required. The RS activation information may be information indicating that periodic transmission of CSI-RS is enabled via a MAC-CE message or DCI. In other words, although RS is set to semi-permanent transmission by the report setting information, the base station (310) may not transmit CSI-RS until the RS activation information is transmitted. The case in which the base station (310) transmits CSI-RS to the UE (320) based on the report setting information may be after the RS activation information has been transmitted to the UE (320) in step S1310.

[0422] As another example, the base station (310) periodically transmits CSI-RS based on report setting information, but the UE (320) may not receive the CSI-RS transmitted by the base station (310) based on report setting information before receiving RS activation information, or even if it receives the CSI-RS, it may not measure the received CSI-RS and / or perform inference using the UE side model (321).

[0423] In step S1310, the UE (320) can receive RS activation information from the base station (310). Upon receiving the RS activation information, the UE (320) can attempt to receive CSI-RS through target beams belonging to set B based on the report setting information from the base station (310) after receiving the RS activation information.

[0424] In step S1320, the base station (320) can transmit CSI-RS to the UE (320) based on the RS transmission cycle. The CSI-RS can be transmitted to the UE (320) through the measurement target beams belonging to set B. The measurement target beams can be transmitted to the UE (320) by beam sweeping as described above in FIG. 3.

[0425] In step S1320, the UE (320) can receive CSI-RS through the target beams of measurement belonging to set B based on the report setting information. The UE (320) can determine a measurement value by measuring the CSI-RS received through the target beams of measurement. The measurement value obtained by the UE (320) measuring the CSI-RS may be an L1-RSRP value.

[0426] In step S1320, CSI-RS is received and measured through the target beams, but the UE (320) may not perform inference using the UE side model (321). This is because the UE (320) has received report setting information and RS activation information from the base station (310), but has not received instructions for inference reporting. Therefore, the UE (320) may store beam-related information in memory (220) and / or storage device (260) if necessary. If the report setting information instructs a measurement report, the UE (320) may generate a measurement report message. The measurement report message may include the measured value of the CSI-RS received through the target beams. The UE (320) may transmit the measurement report message to the base station (310) (not shown in FIG. 13).

[0427] After transmitting CSI-RS through the measurement target beams belonging to set B in step S1320, when the RS transmission cycle (1301) arrives, the base station can transmit CSI-RS to the UE (320) through the measurement target beams belonging to set B in step S1330. Step S1330 may be the same procedure as the previously described step S1320. Therefore, the base station (310) and the UE (320) can perform the same operation as in step S1320.

[0428] If it is necessary to receive an inference report using an AI / ML model from the UE (320), the base station (310) may transmit an inference report instruction to the UE (320) in step S1340. The inference report instruction may be transmitted by being included in a DCI. The DCI may use DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1, which can transmit UL resource (or UL channel) information. When using DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1, a new field for the inference report instruction may be defined in DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1.

[0429] As another example, when the DCI currently used by 3GPP is used, the inference reporting instruction may use the CSI request field of DCI format 0_1.

[0430] If the reporting setting information includes both the reporting setting of BM case 1 and the reporting setting of BM case 2 (or is set to enabled), the inference reporting instruction may instruct the inference reporting of BM case 1 or the inference reporting of BM case 2.

[0431] In step S1340, the UE (320) may receive a DCI containing inference report instructions and UL resource information from the base station (310). At this time, if the inference report instructions instruct an inference report of BM case 1, the UE (320) may activate the UE side model for the inference report of BM case 1. As another example, if the inference report instructions instruct an inference report of BM case 2, the UE (320) may activate the UE side model for the inference report of BM case 2. As yet another example, the inference report only instructs the activation of the inference report, and the settings for the inference report of BM case 1 or the inference report of BM case 2 may be pre-set by the report setting information or RS activation information.

[0432] In response to the inference report instruction received from the base station (310) at step S1340, the UE (320) can perform inference. When performing inference using the UE side model (321), the input to the UE side model (321) may be the measurement value obtained by measuring CSI-RS at step S1330. As another example, the input to the UE side model (321) may be the measurement value obtained by measuring CSI-RS at steps S1320 and S1330.

[0433] The inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about beam(s) selected based on quality in set A. The selected beam information may include selected beam identifier(s) (or RS resource identifier(s)) and L1-RSRP values ​​predicted corresponding to the selected beam(s). For example, in the case of BM case 1, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about the top K beams selected based on quality in set A, and in the case of BM case 2, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about the top M beams selected based on quality in set A.

[0434] The beam(s) selected based on quality can be indicated using several bits. An example of this was explained above using the case where the number of beams in set A is 8, so a redundant explanation is omitted.

[0435] The UE (320) can generate an inference report message containing the inference results of the UE side model (321) based on the report setting information. In the case of FIGS. 10 and FIGS. 11, the inference report message was generated based on the inference reporting cycle set in the report setting information, whereas in the embodiment of FIG. 13, the inference report message can be generated in response to an inference reporting instruction triggered by the base station. Thus, compared to the embodiments of FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, which are transmitted every inference reporting cycle, the embodiment of FIG. 13 can trigger the base station (310) to transmit the inference report message to the UE (320) only when necessary.

[0436] In step S1350, the UE (320) can transmit an inference report message to the base station (310) through a UL channel allocated by the DCI. In step S1350, the base station (310) can receive an inference report message from the UE (320) through a UL channel allocated by the DCI.

[0437] The base station (310) may transmit RS disable information to the UE (320) in step S1360 when the inference report of the UE side model (321) is no longer needed. RS disable information may mean that the base station (310) no longer transmits CSI-RS based on the report setting information to the UE (320). In other words, the base station (310) may periodically transmit CSI-RS through the measurement target beams belonging to set B until it transmits RS disable information to the UE (320).

[0438] As another example, RS disable information may mean that the base station (310) continues to transmit CSI-RS based on the report setting information, but instructs the UE (320) to stop receiving and / or measuring CSI-RS. In this case, the UE (320) may receive and / or measure CSI-RS that is periodically transmitted through the target beams of set B until the RS disable information is received. When the UE (320) receives the RS disable information, it may stop receiving and / or measuring CSI-RS that is received through the target beams of set B. Due to the cessation of receiving and / or measuring CSI-RS, the UE (320) may stop inference using the UE side model (321).

[0439] According to the embodiment described in FIG. 13, the base station (310) can transmit CSI-RS through the measurement target beams included in set B after transmitting RS activation information to the corresponding UE when reception of measurement report and / or inference report messages is required. Thus, overhead caused by periodic transmission of continuous CSI-RS can be reduced.

[0440] Additionally, if an inference report is required, the base station (310) can transmit an inference report instruction to the corresponding UE, causing the UE (320) to transmit an inference report message. Thus, the UE (320) can reduce power consumption by performing inference using the UE side model (321) only when it receives an inference report instruction. Furthermore, frequent transmission of inference report messages can be prevented.

[0441] Meanwhile, according to the embodiment of FIG. 13 described above, the case in which RS activation information transmission (step S1310) and inference report instruction (step S1340) are transmitted separately has been exemplified. However, RS activation information and inference report instruction may also be transmitted by a single signaling message. When RS activation information and inference report instruction are transmitted by a single signaling message, RS activation information and inference report instruction may be transmitted by DCI or MAC-CE.

[0442] Additionally, RS disable information and inference report instructions may be transmitted by a single signaling message. If RS disable information and inference report instructions are transmitted by a single signaling message, the inference report instructions may use the measured value of CSI-RS received through the measurement target beams included in set B immediately before receiving the RS disable information as the input to the UE side model (321).

[0443] As another example, when RS disable information and inference report instructions are transmitted by a single signaling message, the measured value of CSI-RS received through the measurement target beams included in set B after receiving RS enable information and before receiving RS disable information may be used as an input to the UE side model (321).

[0444] As another example, when RS disable information and inference report instructions are transmitted by a single signaling message, the CSI-RS measured in a time interval windowed by the previously described time window may be used as an input to the UE side model (321).

[0445] On the other hand, in the examples of FIGS. 12 and FIGS. 13 described above, a case was described in which the base station (310) triggers an inference report instruction to the UE (320). In other words, an embodiment was described in which the UE (320) performs inference using the UE side model (321) when an inference report instruction is triggered from the base station (310), and transmits an inference report message containing the inference result to the base station (320).

[0446] The procedure described in the examples of FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 described above may also be performed in a modified form as follows.

[0447] For example, the report setting information may further set inference reporting conditions. Thus, the UE (320) can check the inference reporting conditions based on the inference reporting setting information. Subsequently, if the inference reporting conditions are satisfied, the UE (320) can infer through the UE side model (321) and transmit an inference reporting message containing the inference result to the base station (310). Thus, if there are inference reporting conditions, the report setting information may further include UL resource (or UL channel) information for transmitting the inference reporting message.

[0448] The inference reporting conditions included in the report setting information may be as follows.

[0449] - When the quality of the beam currently in use drops below a specific value (or a preset threshold)

[0450] - When the inference results using the UE-side model show that there exists a beam that is better than the quality of the currently used beam by a specific value (or a preset threshold)

[0451] - When the UE's movement speed increases beyond a predetermined value (or a preset threshold speed)

[0452] It should be noted that the inference reporting conditions exemplified above are for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present disclosure and that the present disclosure is not limited to the inference reporting conditions exemplified above.

[0453] According to the modified embodiment described above, the base station (310) does not transmit inference report instructions to the UE (320). Therefore, the overhead caused by transmitting inference report instructions can be reduced.

[0454] On the other hand, if there is no pre-allocated UL resource (or UL channel) in the report setting information, the UE (320) may send a request for UL resource allocation for transmitting an inference report message to the base station (310). When the UE (320) receives UL resource allocation information for transmitting an inference report message from the base station (310), the UE (320) may transmit the generated inference report message to the base station (310).

[0455] FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a case where a UE transmits an inference report message to a base station based on report setting information and inference report instructions set for non-periodic RS transmission.

[0456] The base station and UE exemplified in FIG. 14 may be the base station and UE described above in FIG. 3. The flowchart exemplified in FIG. 14 may be a case where only the UE (320) has a UE side model (321). As another example, the flowchart exemplified in FIG. 14 may be a case where both the base station (310) and the UE (320) have AI / ML models, but inference is performed in the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). In the embodiment of FIG. 14 to be described below, the UE (320) may measure the RSs received through the beams transmitted by the base station (320) and perform inference using the measured values ​​of the RSs as input to the UE side model (321). The RS for measuring and inferring beams may be, for example, CSI-RS, SSB, etc., but for convenience of explanation, the present disclosure will assume and describe the case where the RS is CSI-RS.

[0457] In step S1400, the base station (310) may transmit report configuration information to the UE (320). For example, the report configuration information may be transmitted using CSI-ReportConfig of an upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) message. The report configuration information may include some or all of the information described in a) through c) above. The report configuration information may include a set B containing RS resources corresponding to the beams to be measured, and a set A containing RS resources corresponding to the beams to be predicted. In the report configuration information, the number of beam(s) to be output as an inference result of the UE side model (321) (value K for BM case 1, value M for BM case 2) may be further set.

[0458] Set A and Set B may be set by the same RRC signaling message or by different RRC signaling messages. In the embodiment of FIG. 14, for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that Set A and Set B are transmitted via report setting information.

[0459] The transmission type of the CSI-RS transmitted through the beams to be measured can be set to one of periodic, semi-permanent, or non-periodic. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be an example where the transmission type of the CSI-RS is set to non-periodic transmission.

[0460] The report setting information can set the report for either BM case 1 or BM case 2. If the UE (320) has a UE side model for BM case 1 and a UE side model for BM case 2, the base station (310) can be configured to include the report setting for BM case 1 or the report setting for BM case 2 in the report setting information. The report setting information may further include the number of beam(s) to be output as the inference result of the UE side model (321) in set A for each of BM case 1 and BM case 2 (the value of K for BM case 1, the value of M for BM case 2).

[0461] In the embodiment of FIG. 14, the report setting information may include UL resource (or UL channel) information to transmit an inference report message after beam measurement and inference.

[0462] In step S1400, the UE (320) can receive report setting information from the base station (310). The UE (320) can obtain various information described above from the report setting information received from the base station (310). For example, the UE (320) can identify from the received report setting information the transmission method of Set A, Set B, and CSI-RS, the report setting of BM case 1 / 2, the number of beam(s) to be output as an inference result, and UL resource information to transmit the inference report message.

[0463] If an inference report using an AI / ML model is required from the UE (320), the base station (310) may transmit an inference report instruction to the UE (320) in step S1410. In the embodiment of FIG. 14, the inference report instruction may be transmitted only when the base station (310) requires an inference report using the UE side model (321) of the UE (320). The inference report instruction may be transmitted to the UE (320) via a MAC-CE message or DCI. The inference report instruction may further include information regarding non-periodic CSI-RS transmission. Since CSI-RS is transmitted non-periodically, the base station (310) must provide information on when CSI-RS is transmitted through the measurement target beams included in set B. Therefore, information regarding non-periodic CSI-RS transmission may include time information on when the non-periodic CSI-RS is transmitted. The inference report instruction may instruct an inference report of BM case 1 or instruct an inference report of BM case 1.

[0464] If an inference report instruction is transmitted using a DCI, a new field for the inference report instruction may be defined in the DCI. In other words, a field for the inference report instruction may be added to the DCI. Additionally, a field may be added to the DCI to indicate the time information for the transmission of the non-periodic CSI-RS. Likewise, the MAC-CE message may also have additional fields added for the inference report instruction and the time information for the transmission of the non-periodic CSI-RS.

[0465] In step S1410, the UE (320) can receive an inference report instruction transmitted from the base station (310). The UE (320) can determine when the non-periodic CSI-RS will be transmitted based on the information related to the transmission of the non-periodic CSI-RS included in the inference report instruction.

[0466] In step S1420, the base station (310) can transmit CSI-RS to the UE (320) at the time of RS transmission based on the information regarding non-periodic CSI-RS transmission in step S1410. CSI-RS can be transmitted to the UE (320) through the measurement target beams belonging to set B. The measurement target beams can be transmitted to the UE (320) by beam sweeping as previously described in FIG. 3.

[0467] In step S1420, the UE (320) can receive CSI-RS through the target beams of measurement belonging to set B at the time of RS transmission based on information related to non-periodic CSI-RS transmission. The UE (320) can determine a measurement value by measuring the CSI-RS received through the target beams of measurement. The measurement value obtained by measuring the CSI-RS may be an L1-RSRP value.

[0468] The UE (320) can also perform inference by using the measured CSI-RS value as input to the UE side model (321) in response to the inference report instruction, and obtain the inference result.

[0469] The inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about beam(s) selected based on quality in set A. The selected beam information may include selected beam identifier(s) (or RS resource identifier(s)) and L1-RSRP values ​​predicted corresponding to the selected beam(s). For example, in the case of BM case 1, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about the top K beams selected based on quality in set A, and in the case of BM case 2, the inference result of the UE side model (321) may be information about the top M beams selected based on quality in set A.

[0470] The beam(s) selected based on quality can be indicated using several bits. An example of this was explained above using the case where the number of beams in set A is 8, so a redundant explanation is omitted.

[0471] The UE (320) can generate an inference report message containing an inference result using the UE side model (321) based on the report setting information. In step S1430, the UE (320) can transmit the inference report message to the base station (310) through a UL channel pre-allocated by the report setting information. In step S1430, the base station (310) can receive the inference report message from the UE (320) through a UL channel pre-allocated by the report setting information.

[0472] In the embodiment of FIG. 14 described above, a case was described in which UL resource (or UL channel) information is included in the report setting information. However, if UL resource (or UL channel) information is not included in the report setting information, the procedure can be performed as follows.

[0473] The base station (310) may transmit to the UE (320) a MAC-CE message that transmits an inference report instruction in step S1410, or may further include UL resource (or UL channel) allocation information in the DCI. If the inference report instruction is transmitted to the UE (320) via the DCI, the DCI may use DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1, which allows for UL resource allocation. If the DCI is newly defined for an AI / ML model, the inference report instruction may be transmitted via the newly defined DCI.

[0474] When the UE (320) reports an inference report message to the base station (310) in step S1430, it can transmit it to the base station (310) through the UL resource transmitted along with the inference report instruction in step S1410.

[0475] As another example, if the base station (310) has not allocated UL resources for transmitting inference report messages in the report setting information as well as in the inference report instructions, the UE (320) may request the base station (310) to allocate UL resources for transmitting inference report messages after step S1420 and before step S1430. The UE (320) may also perform step S1430 if UL resources for transmitting inference report messages are allocated from the base station.

[0476] The operation of the method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as a computer-readable program or code on a computer-readable recording medium. A computer-readable recording medium includes all types of recording devices in which information that can be read by a computer system is stored. Additionally, the computer-readable recording medium may be distributed across networked computer systems, allowing the computer-readable program or code to be stored and executed in a distributed manner.

[0477] In addition, computer-readable recording media may include hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, and flash memory. Program instructions may include machine code, such as that generated by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc.

[0478] Some aspects of the present disclosure have been described in the context of a device, but may also be described according to a corresponding method, wherein a block or device corresponds to a method step or a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in the context of a method may also be described according to a corresponding block or item or a feature of a corresponding device. Some or all of the method steps may be performed by (or using) a hardware device, such as, for example, a microprocessor, a programmable computer, or an electronic circuit. In some embodiments, at least one of the most important method steps may be performed by such a device.

[0479] In the embodiments, a programmable logic device (e.g., a field-programmable gate array) may be used to perform some or all of the functions of the methods described herein. In the embodiments, the field-programmable gate array may operate with a microprocessor to perform one of the methods described herein. Generally, it is preferable that the methods be performed by some hardware device.

[0480] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. In the method of user equipment (UE), A step of receiving report setting information from a base station - the report setting information includes a set B containing resources of reference signals (RS) corresponding to beams to be measured, a set A containing RS resources corresponding to beams to be predicted, a beam inference method, a transmission method of the RS, an inference reporting type, and uplink (UL) resources to be used for reporting; A step of measuring the RS resources received from the base station through the measurement target beams based on the above report setting information - the RS resources are resources included in the set B; When the inference conditions of the artificial intelligence (AI) model mounted on the above UE are satisfied, the measurement results of the above measured RS resources are input into the AI ​​model to generate an inference result through the inference of the AI ​​model - the inference result is information of the beam(s) selected from the prediction results for the above prediction target beams; A step of generating an inference report message including the inference result based on the above-mentioned report setting information; and The step of transmitting the above inference report message to the base station via a UL channel based on the above UL resource information, UE's method.

2. In Claim 1, The above beam inference method indicates a first inference method and / or a second inference method, and The first inference method is a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference in a spatial domain for a single time instance, and the second inference method is a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference for a plurality of time instances. UE's method.

3. In Claim 1, The measurement results of the above-mentioned measured RS resources include a beam identifier and a layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) corresponding to each of the above-mentioned measured RS resources, UE's method.

4. In Claim 1, The above inference report message includes a beam ID corresponding to each of the selected beam(s) and a predicted layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value, UE's method.

5. In Claim 1, If the above inference reporting type is set to periodic reporting, when the inference reporting time according to the periodic reporting arrives, the inference condition of the above AI model is satisfied, UE's method.

6. In Claim 1, If the above inference reporting type is set to semi-persistent reporting, when an inference reporting activation instruction is received from the base station prior to the RS reception, the inference condition of the AI ​​model is satisfied, UE's method.

7. In Claim 6, The above-mentioned report setting information is received from the base station via a radio resource control (RRC) signaling message, and the above-mentioned inference report enable instruction is received from the base station via a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) message, UE's method.

8. In Claim 6, A step further comprising stopping the inference of the AI ​​model when receiving an inference report disable instruction from the base station. UE's method.

9. In Claim 1, When the above inference report type is set to periodic reporting, when an inference report instruction message is received from the base station, the inference condition of the AI ​​model is satisfied, UE's method.

10. In Claim 9, The above report setting information is received from the base station via a radio resource control (RRC) signaling message, and the above inference report enable instruction message is received from the base station via downlink control information (DCI). UE's method.

11. In a method of user equipment (UE), A step of receiving report setting information from a base station - comprising a set B including resources of reference signals (RS) corresponding to beams to be measured, a set A including RS resources corresponding to beams to be predicted, a beam inference method, a transmission method of the RS, an inference reporting type, and uplink (UL) resources to be used for reporting; A step of measuring the RS resources received from the base station through the measurement target beams based on the above report setting information - the RS resources are resources included in the set B; When an inference report instruction is received from the base station, if the inference conditions of the artificial intelligence (AI) model mounted on the UE are satisfied, the measurement results of the measured RS resources are input into the AI ​​model to generate an inference result through the inference of the AI ​​model - the inference result is information of the beam(s) selected from the prediction results for the predicted target beams; A step of generating an inference report message including the inference result based on the above-mentioned report setting information; and The step of transmitting the above inference report message to the base station via a UL channel based on the above UL resource information, UE's method.

12. In Claim 11, The above beam inference method indicates a first inference method and / or a second inference method, and The first inference method is a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference in a spatial domain for a single time instance, and the second inference method is a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference for a plurality of time instances. UE's method.

13. In Claim 11, The measurement results of the above-mentioned measured RS resources include a beam identifier and a layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) corresponding to each of the above-mentioned measured RS resources, UE's method.

14. In Claim 11, The above inference report message includes a beam ID corresponding to each of the selected beam(s) and a predicted layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value, UE's method.

15. In Claim 9, The above report setting information is received from the base station via a radio resource control (RRC) signaling message, and the above inference report enable instruction message is received from the base station via downlink control information (DCI). UE's method.

16. In Claim 11, A step of stopping the measurement of the RSs included in Set B when RS deactivation information is received from the base station; and A step further comprising stopping inference using the above AI model, UE's method.

17. In a method of user equipment (UE), A step of receiving report setting information from a base station - the report setting information includes a set B containing resources of reference signals (RS) corresponding to beams to be measured, a set A containing RS resources corresponding to beams to be predicted, a beam inference method, a transmission method of the RS, an inference reporting type set atypically, and uplink (UL) resources to be used for reporting; A step of measuring the RS resources received from the base station through the measurement target beams based on the report setting information when an inference report instruction is received from the base station - the RS resources are resources included in the set B; When the inference conditions of the artificial intelligence (AI) model mounted on the above UE are satisfied, the measurement results of the above measured RS resources are input into the AI ​​model to generate an inference result through the inference of the AI ​​model - the inference result is information of the beam(s) selected from the prediction results for the above prediction target beams; A step of generating an inference report message including the inference result based on the above-mentioned report setting information; and The step of transmitting the above inference report message to the base station via a UL channel based on the above UL resource information, UE's method.

18. In Claim 17, The above beam inference method indicates a first inference method and / or a second inference method, and The first inference method is a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference in a spatial domain for a single time instance, and the second inference method is a method in which the AI ​​model performs the inference for a plurality of time instances. UE's method.

19. In Claim 17, The measurement results of the above-mentioned measured RS resources include a beam identifier and a layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) corresponding to each of the above-mentioned measured RS resources, UE's method.

20. In Claim 17, The above inference report message includes a beam ID corresponding to each of the selected beam(s) and a predicted layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value, UE's method.

21. In Claim 17, The above-mentioned report setting information is received from the base station via a radio resource control (RRC) signaling message, and the above-mentioned inference report instruction is received from the base station via either a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) message or downlink control information (DCI). UE's method.

22. Regarding the method of base stations, A step of transmitting report configuration information to user equipment (UE) - said report configuration information includes a set B containing resources of reference signals (RS) corresponding to beams to be measured, a set A containing RS resources corresponding to beams to be predicted, a beam inference method, a transmission method of said RS, an inference reporting type, and uplink (UL) resources to be used for reporting; A step of transmitting RSs to the UE through the measurement target beams based on the above report setting information; and The method includes the step of receiving an inference report message from the UE through a UL channel based on the above UL resource information, The above inference report message includes an inference result by an artificial intelligence (AI) model mounted on the UE, and the inference result is information of a selected beam(s) from the prediction results for the predicted target beams, Base station method.

23. In Claim 22, If the above inference report type is set to periodic reporting, the above inference report message is received at the inference report time according to the periodic reporting, Base station method.

24. In Claim 22, If the above inference reporting type is set to semi-persistent reporting, the method further includes the step of transmitting an inference reporting activation instruction to the UE before transmitting the RSs to the UE through the measurement target beams. Base station method.

25. In Claim 22, If the above inference reporting type is set to periodic reporting, the method further includes the step of transmitting an inference reporting activation instruction to the UE before transmitting the RSs to the UE through the measurement target beams. Base station method.

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