Movement devices

Abstract

Described herein are movement devices and their methods of use. The movement devices described herein are configured to force a user to passively pedal, thereby increasing muscle strength in their lower extremities.

Description

8003095.00004MOVEMENT DEVICESCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to U. S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 721,890, filed November 18, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.FIELD

[0002] Described herein are movement devices and methods of using the same.BACKGROUND

[0003] Currently, approximately 40 million people worldwide are affected by movement disorders. Movement disorders are prevalent in today’s society and can occur at various stages / years of a person’s life, e.g. infancy, toddler years, childhood, adolescence / teen years, and / or adulthood. Disorders that affect movement can be very limiting and debilitating. For example, disorders affecting the lower extremities can lead to the inability to stand and / or eventually walk. As such, affected people eventually become immobilized and must resort to a wheelchair, scooter or the like to get around. People in this situation seek physical therapy for exercise and to increase / strengthen their lower extremities, e.g. muscles in the legs. This can help extend life and prevent further atrophy of the lower extremities. However, physical therapy has its limitations. For example, a person may attend physical therapy sessions 1-3 times a week for 30 mins to an hour. However, that is not enough time or consistency for exercise. Typically, people constrained to a wheelchair do not take many if any steps. They may average a step count of about 100 steps per week. Movement is linked to increased health benefits and can help prevent atrophy in the lower extremities.

[0004] As such there is a need for a movement device to assist individuals with mobility issues, regardless of origin. The movement devices described herein can be used on a regular basis to improve muscle strength, increase step count, and more for immobilized individuals. The movement devices described herein can help increase muscle strength in, but not limited to, the quadriceps, hamstrings, tibialis anterior, calves, and / or the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus (collectively referred to herein as the gluteal muscles or glutes).

[0005] The devices described herein can be used regularly to increase muscle strength in the lower extremities, for exercise and to improve health. The intention of the vehicle is to grow11604066192.18003095.00004muscular strength and agility and to reverse the atrophy of the medically disabled, post-traumatic, and developmentally challenged population, amongst others.SUMMARY

[0006] Disclosed herein are movement devices and their methods of use.

[0007] In one embodiment, the movement device comprises at least one wheel connected to a central hub; and at least two areas for feet placement configured to attach to the central hub; wherein the at least one wheel is configured to be a non-neutral wheel. In another embodiment, the movement device comprises at least one wheel connected to a central hub; and at least two areas for feet placement configured to attach to the central hub; wherein the at least one wheel is a non-neutral wheel.

[0008] In another embodiment, a movement device comprises at least one wheel comprising one or more spokes connected to a central hub; at least two pedals configured to attach to the central hub; at least two areas for feet placement configured to attach to the pedals; and an adjustment to the one or more spokes to configure the at least one wheel into a non-neutral wheel.

[0009] In one embodiment, a movement device comprises at least one wheel comprising one or more spokes connected to a central hub; at least two pedals configured to attach to the central hub; and at least two areas for feet placement configured to attach to the pedals; wherein the at least one wheel is a non-neutral wheel.

[0010] In some embodiments, the movement device further comprises a frame configured to attach to the at least one wheel.

[0011] In other embodiments, a seat is attached to the frame. The seat can be a reclining seat.

[0012] In some embodiments, at least two rear wheels are attached to the frame. The rear wheels can be located behind the seat.

[0013] In other embodiments, the movement device can further comprise at least two handlebars connected via a tube which is attached to the frame.

[0014] In some embodiments, the at least two handlebars are located on opposite ends of the seat and extend behind the seat.

[0015] In other embodiments, the at least two areas for feet placement are boot-like and include at least three straps. A user can sit in the seat and secure their feet, via at least three of the straps, into the at least two areas.21604066192.18003095.00004

[0016] In some embodiments, an operator can steer the movement device via the at least two handlebars. The users’ feet can passively pedal as the movement device is being steered. The user is forced to passively pedal, as their feet are secured into the at least two areas via one or more straps. In some embodiments, the user can actively pedal thereby steering the movement device on their own. In such a case, the operator can continue in the direction the user is pushing or can alter direction by exerting more force on the handlebars than the force provided by the active pedaling.

[0017] In other embodiments, a movement device described herein comprises at least one wheel comprising one or more spokes connected to a central hub; at least two pedals configured to attach to the central hub; at least two areas for feet placement configured to attach to the pedals; and an adjustment to the one or more spokes to configure the at least one wheel into a non-neutral wheel. This particular movement device can then be attached via an attachment mechanism to a motorized device. For example, in one embodiment, the motorized device can be an electric wheelchair.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG. 1 illustrates an example embodiment of a movement device described herein.

[0019] FIG. 2. Illustrates a magnified view of at least one wheel, pedal, and area for foot placement of a movement device described herein.

[0020] FIG. 3. Illustrates a movement device described herein in use.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Described herein are movement devices that allow a user / seated individual to experience passive range of motion and rehabilitation of the lower extremities through facilitation and active range of motion of a steering agent / operator, then allowing for self-compelled active range of motion, as skills are developed.

[0022] Referring to FIG. 1, a movement device is illustrated. Movement device 100 generally includes frame 102, front wheel 104, rear wheels 106', 106", seat 108, handlebars 110', 110", pedals 112', 1 2".

[0023] Pedals 112’, 112" can further include areas 114', 114" for foot placement. Areas 114', 114" can be connected to pedals 112', 112" via fastener 202 as illustrated in FIG. 2. Fasteners can include, but are not limited to, bracket(s), screw(s), or the like, and or a combination thereof. Areas 114', 114" can be in the shape / form of a ski-boot style and further include one or more31604066192.18003095.00004straps 116’, 116". The straps can hold the user’s feet in place during / prior to / after use of the movement device. The straps secure the user’s feet in place and also provide for active / passive pedaling by the user discussed in more detail below. The straps not only secure the user’s feet in place but also force the user’s feet to passively pedal thereby allowing for continuous exercise.

[0024] Referring to FIGs.1 and 2, area 114' can include first portion 206 and second portion 208. The user’s foot placement can be one in which the sole of the foot is placed on second portion 208 and the back of the individual’s leg, i.e. the calf, fits / nestles into first portion 206. This foot and leg positioning allows for comfort and durability. As illustrated in FIGs. 1 and 2, first portion 206 can include at least two straps 116’ and 116", and second portion 208 can include at least one strap 116"'. The straps on first portion 206 can secure the leg, while the straps on second portion 208 can secure the sole of the foot. The number of straps in the first / second portion are not limiting. For example, the first portion and second portion each include at least one strap and can further include as many additional straps as desired, or as needed to secure / force the user’s feet to passively pedal whilst providing some comfort and durability.

[0025] In some embodiments, the areas for foot placement can include at least one, at least two, at least three, at least four, at least five, at least six, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, or six or more strap(s).

[0026] This secured arrangement allows for the user to remain secured on the movement device while it is in motion, and stationary. This can be essential where the user may be medically disabled, and / or developmentally challenged, and risk of safety is a concern. This secure arrangement can also keep the feet in place and help increase pedaling power.

[0027] In other embodiments, the areas for foot placement do not include any straps. Rather, the areas for foot placement can include any type of housing / enclosure to secure the user’s feet. In some embodiments, the areas for foot placement do not include any straps but further comprise a covering configured to cover the top of the foot. The covering can then be fastened to the areas for feet placement via a fastening mechanism, such as e.g., but not limited to latche(s), binding(s), buckle(s), snap-fit connector(s), foot clip(s), the like, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the areas for feet placement do not include any straps but rather include a covering that is configured to attach to the areas for feet placement (e.g. by, but not limited to, a hinge to flip open) and can be adjusted with wellslock x 3. In some embodiments, the covering can resemble a shin guard. The covering can be composed of the same material or a different material than the areas for feet placement.41604066192.18003095.00004

[0028] In some embodiments, the movement devices further include one or more pegs configured to attach to the areas for feet placement and / or the front wheel. The pegs can be included to limit toggling of the areas for feet placement. This can be particularly useful while maneuvering / transporting the device without a user seated in the movement device. For example, when there is no user seated in the movement device, the areas for feet placement may drag on the surface below making the overall movement device difficult to maneuver. As such, with the addition of one or more pegs, the areas for feet placement can rest on the one or more pegs without dragging on the floor thereby making the movement device easier to maneuver when there is no seated user. The one or more pegs can remain on the movement device while it is in use, for example there is no interference of the one or more pegs with use of the device. In some embodiments, a right-angle bracket can be configured to attach to the front wheel instead of one or more pegs, or a combination thereof, to limit toggling of the areas for feet placement.

[0029] Seat 108 is attached to frame 102. As illustrated in FIG. 1, seat 108 can include top portion 126 and bottom portion 124. Top portion 126 can be slightly reclined to support the user’s back. Further, the reclining of the seat, more specifically top portion 126 can allow the seated individuals' legs to pedal in a horizontal fashion / motion. In another embodiment, the seat may not be reclined, i.e. it can be upright, which can allow for the individual’s legs to pedal in a vertical fashion / motion. Seat 108 can be comprised of a padding and a cover / shell. For example, in some embodiments, seat 108 can include a padding comprised of material such as, but not limited to, foam, polymer gel(s), carbon fiber, plastic, or the like, and / or a combination thereof. The padding which forms the base of the seat can include a covering for comfort and or aesthetic purposes. The covering can be comprised of material such as, but not limited to, leather, synthetic leather, vinyl, spandex, fabric, plastic or the like, and / or a combination thereof.

[0030] In some embodiments, the seat can further include a safety harness. For example, the safety harness can be, but is not limited to, a seat belt, a lap belt, a belt / harness that traverses across the upper body and lap of the user / seated individual, the like, or a combination thereof. The safety harness can assist in securing the user to their seat. This can provide a level of safety to the user. This can also be particularly useful where the user has limited control of their upper body.

[0031] Referring to FIG. 2, the distance between seat 108 and the pedals can be adjusted via seat post 122 on frame 102. Seat post 122 is a component that can be attached to outer portion 210 of frame 102 and can be inserted into any one of holes 204, 204', 204”, 204"', 204'"' of inner portion 212 of frame 102, to adjust the distance from the seat to the pedals in order for the user’s51604066192.18003095.00004feet to comfortably be strapped into areas 114', 114". In some embodiments, the inner portion of the frame can include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, ten or less, or ten or more holes to receive the seat post for adjusting the distance between the seat and pedals.

[0032] Handlebars 110', 110” can be connected by tube 118 which is attached to frame 102. The handlebars assist with the steering of the movement device. The handlebars can further include grip portion 120', 120". The grip portions aid in reducing the friction between the handlebars and the operator’s hands. As such, the grip portion can provide comfort, durability, increased protection, and can reduce fatigue in the operator's hand(s). The grip portions can be composed out of material such as, but not limited to, foam, vinyl, plastic, thermoplastic elastomers, or the like, and / or a combination thereof. Referring to FIGs. 1 and 2, handlebars 110' and 110" are located at opposing ends of seat 108 and can extend behind the seat. This can allow the operator to stand behind the user. In some embodiments, the handlebars do not extend behind the seat.

[0033] Referring to FIG. 1, movement device 100 includes front wheel 104 and rear wheels 106’ and 106". In some embodiments, the movement device can include more than one front wheel, and more than two rear wheels. For example, in some embodiments the movement device can include two front wheels, and three rear wheels. Referring to FIG. 2, the wheels can comprise tire 216, rim 218, central hub 220, and one or more spokes 222.

[0034] Again, referring to FIG. 2, tire 216 is mounted on rim 218 to form the casing for an inner tube. The tire can be composed of cotton and / or steel fibers coated with rubber. Rim 218 is substitutionally circular and can constitute the wheel’s circumference on the which tire 216 is mounted. In some embodiments, the rim is metal. Central hub 220 is a central part of the wheel from which one or more spokes 222 radiate. One or more spokes 222 are thin spindles which connect central hub 220 to rim 218. In some embodiments, one or more spokes can be composed of metal. In other embodiments, the central hub comprises one or more ball bearings to enable it to rotate around its axle.

[0035] The wheel(s) can further include fender 214. In some embodiments, every wheel has a fender. A fender can be a curved piece of material covering part of the wheel to protect the user from being splashed, for e.g., when the movement device goes over a puddle of water. The curved piece of material can be formed out of metal or one or more polymer(s).

[0036] The tires can further include a valve stem to seal the inflation opening of the inner tube. This allows air to enter the tire but prevents it from escaping.61604066192.18003095.00004

[0037] Referring to FIGs. 1 and 2, movement device 100 comprises an adjustment to one or more spokes 222 of front wheel 104. This adjustment configures front wheel 104 into a nonneutral wheel. In some embodiments, the adjustment configures the front wheel into a non-neutral unicycle wheel. In other embodiments, there is no adjustment, e.g., the front wheel is a nonneutral wheel or a non-neutral unicycle wheel. This allows for the users feet to continue pedaling. In other words, no matter the movement of the device the user’s feet are forced to continuously pedal. For example, if the movement device moves forward the feet continue to passively pedal forward. If the movement device moves backward the feet continue to passively pedal backwards. This allows for continued exercise by the user despite any mobility / developmental challenges they possess.

[0038] The user can in some instances, if strength permits, begin actively engaging / pedaling. This can cause the handlebars to steer in the direction that the seated individual is pedaling in.

[0039] In some embodiments, the movement device can be configured to force the user’s feet to continuously pedal forward regardless of whether the movement device moves forward or backwards. In other embodiments, the movement device can be configured to force the user’s feet to continuously pedal forward even if the movement device is stationary.

[0040] In one embodiment, a movement device comprises a wheel including a central hub, one or more spokes, pedals, areas for feet placement, and an attachment point. The wheel further includes an adjustment to one or more of the spokes to configure the wheel into a non-neutral wheel. This movement device can be attached via its attachment point to another device, e.g., but not limited to, a wheelchair. The attachment point can be, but is not limited to, a screw-one, hook(s), latche(s), a snap fit, a friction fit, or the like, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the movement device can be attached via an attachment mechanism to any motorized device.

[0041] In some embodiments, the areas for feet placement are attached to the pedals which can be configured to attach to any type of transmission.

[0042] In one embodiment, the movement device comprises at least one wheel connected to a central hub; and at least two areas for feet placement configured to attach to the central hub; wherein the at least one wheel is configured to be a non-neutral wheel. The at least two areas for feet placement are boot-like and can include one or more straps to secure a user’s feet in place. Securing the feet in place, forces the user’s feet and / or legs to passively move. The at least one71604066192.18003095.00004wheel can be configured to connect to any type of steering agent and / or device. In some embodiments, the steering agent comprises a motor.

[0043] In some embodiments, the front wheel can further include a front reflector. The front reflector can be white. It can reflect light back towards the source, which assists in the movement device being seen by others in its path.

[0044] In other embodiments, the movement device can include a rear reflector. The rear reflector can be on the seat and can be white. It can reflect light back towards its source, which allows the movement device to be seen by others in its path.

[0045] In some embodiments, the movement device can further include brakes. For example, the movement device can include one or more front brakes and one or more rear brakes. The brake(s) can assist in reducing the speed, locking / preventing the wheels from moving, and / or coming to a hard stop of the movement device. The brake(s) can be for example, but are not limited to, rim brake(s), disc brake(s), drum brake(s), or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the movement devices described herein can include at least one brake configured to at least one front wheel. The brake can include one or more brake levers (e.g. to allow the rider to apply force to the brake(s)), one or more cables / hydraulic hoses, one or more rods, one or more bicycle chains, one or more brake pad(s), one or more caliper(s), or a combination thereof (e.g. a mechanism to transmit the rider’s force), and a brake mechanism. For example, in one embodiment the brake mechanism can be the caliper or drum that presses the brake pads against the rotor to slow or stop the wheel.

[0046] In some embodiments, the braking system can comprise at least one brake lever mounted onto a handlebar allowing the operator / user to apply the brakes, at least one cable or tube to transfer that signal, and at least one caliper that houses a brake pad or shoe and pistons that push against a braking surface to produce friction and slow down or stop the wheel(s). The operator / user can exert force on the brake lever to activate the cable, upon activation the cable can tighten thereby operating the caliper to move the brake pad onto the surface of the rim, creating friction and heat and slowing the wheel down. In one embodiment, the brake lever can be mounted onto a handlebar, and configured to house a cable which extends downwards and along the handlebar, under / proximal to the seat, and proximal to the frame to the front wheel, wherein the loose end of the cable is configured to attach to a caliper mounted to / attached on the front wheel. The force exerted on the brake lever by the operator / user can be, for example, but is not limited to, pulling, pushing, and squeezing, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, one brake lever is mounted onto each handlebar, i,e., for a total of two brake levers.81604066192.18003095.00004

[0047] In some embodiments, applying a first force to the brake(s) can reduce the speed, and applying a second force can bring the movement device to a complete / hard stop, wherein the second force applied is greater than the first force. In other embodiments, the movement device can include one or more gears to reduce the speed of the movement device. In some embodiments, the movement devices described herein can include at least one brake, and at least one gear, or a combination thereof.

[0048] In other embodiments, the movement device can additionally include a wheellock to lock the movement device in place. Engaging the wheellock can prevent the movement device from moving until the wheellock is unlocked / disengaged. When the wheellock is activated and thus locked, it can prevent the movement device from moving due to an external event, e.g., but not limited to, wind, gravity, an unauthorized user / operator, or the like, etc.

[0049] In one embodiment, the movement devices described herein can further include an electric motor. The electric motor can be integrated into the movement device or can be an addon component. The electric motor can assist with propulsion. For example, the electric motor can assist with the user’s pedaling power. This can be especially helpful when traversing rough terrain(s) and / or up hills. In another embodiment, the movement device can include an electric motor and one or more gears to assist with propelling the device, e.g. up hills, and reducing the speed, e.g. down hills. The movement device can include at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 11, at least 12, at least 13, at least 14, at least 15, at least 16, at least 17, at least 18, at least 19, at least 20, at least 21, at least 22, at least 23, at least 24, at least 25, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 1 or more, 2 or more, 3 or more, 4 or more, 5 or more, 6 or more, 7 or more, 8 or more, 9 or more, 10 or more, 11 or more, 12 or more, 13 or more, 14 or more, 15 or more, 16 or more, 17 or more, 18 or more, 19 or more, 20 or more, 21 or more, 22 or more, 23 or more, 24 or more, 25 or more, between 1 and 6, between 1 and 12, between 6 and 9, between 6 and 12, or between 6 and 24 gears.

[0050] The movement devices described herein can further include at least one battery to charge the motorized component and / or electric motor. The batteries can include, but are limited to, lithium-ion batteries, lithium-polymer batters, nickel-metal hydride batteries, lead-acid batteries, and / or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the battery voltage can include, but is not limited to, 36 volts, 48 volts, or 52 volts

[0051] In some embodiments, the movement devices can further include a mechanism to shut off the engine, for e.g. in an emergency, if the operator / user loses control, etc. This is particularly 91604066192.18003095.00004useful where the movement device includes a motorized component, and or electric motor. The mechanism to shut off the engine, can include, but is not limited to, an engine cut-off switch, a safety lanyard, the like, or a combination thereof. The engine cut-off switch can be activated / deactivated by turning a switch on / off. A safety lanyard can be activated by pulling on a lanyard or the like.

[0052] In other embodiments, the movement device can include one or more reflectors on the front wheel(s) and / or rear wheel(s). For example, in some embodiments, a reflector is included on the front wheel. The reflector in the front can reflect light back towards its source. A reflector can also be included in the rear wheel. The reflector in the rear wheel can reflect light towards its source. Depending on which wheel(s) the reflector(s) are located they can allow the movement device to be seen by others in its path. For example, the reflector on the front wheel can alert anyone approaching the front end of the movement device, whereas the reflector on the rear wheel can alert anyone approaching the rear end of the movement device. These reflectors can be added as safety features. This can be especially useful where the user may be developmentally challenged / non-verbal and cannot communicate their presence. This can prevent accidents from occurring, especially where a pedestrian, motorist, bicyclist or the like in the path of the movement device is not paying attention / is distracted.

[0053] In some embodiments, the movement device can further comprise one or more headlights. The headlight can be a lamp or light to illuminate the ground a few yards in front of the movement device.

[0054] Methods of using the movement device comprise a user being secured into the seat and into the areas for feet placement, by securing the straps over the user’s feet. An operator then takes control of the handlebars to assist with steering the movement device. This is illustrated in FIG. 3 which depicts an example embodiment of the movement device described herein in use. The handlebars can be propelled by any motion. For example, in one embodiment the handlebars are propelled by an operator. The operator can be human. In other embodiments, the operator is artificial intelligence. In some embodiments, the artificial intelligence can operate on verbal, written, or programmed commands. The movement devices described herein can be used by anyone seeking the benefits of exercise and increased muscle strength in, for example, but not limited to, at least the quadriceps, hamstrings, tibialis anterior, calves, and / or the gluteal muscles. In particular, people who are partially or completely immobilized can benefit from using the movement devices described herein. People who are partially or completely immobilized can include, but are not limited to, people who have muscle atrophy due to old age, diseases, medical101604066192.18003095.00004conditions, disorders, genetics, cancer, developmental challenges, or the like, and / or a combination thereof. Medical conditions that can restrict movement in the lower extremities can include, but are not limited to, e.g., Parkinson’s disease, peripheral artery disease (PAD), osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, cerebral palsy, spinal stenosis, multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, Dravet syndrome, muscular dystrophy, certain leg injuries which can affect leg function depending on the location of damage, the like, or a combination thereof.

[0055] In some embodiments, the handlebars can be shortened and adjusted forward to enable a seated individual / user to also become the operator. In other words, the user and operator are the same person, and no additional operator is required. This can allow the person to actively steer while continuously pedaling passively. In some embodiments, the person can be hemi / paraplegic. In other embodiments, the shortened handlebars can allow the person to actively steer and actively pedal. In some embodiments, the handlebars can be shortened and adjusted forward and further include a motorized component or electric motor.

[0056] In yet further embodiments, the movement devices do not include handlebar(s) and can be steered via artificial intelligence, a remote control, the like, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, where no handlebars are included, the movement devices can further include a motorized component or electric motor.

[0057] In some embodiments, the movement devices described herein can be configured for ease of transport, travel, etc. For example, the movement devices described herein can include a collapsibility component to allow a person to transport, travel with, and / or maneuver the movement device with ease. In some embodiments, the handlebars can be comprised of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion of the handlebar and the second portion of the handlebar can be configured to attach to each other via a mechanism, such as e.g., but not limited to, a push-button release, lever-operated latch, quick release-pins, screw-based attachment, snap-fit connectors, spring-loaded mechanism, twist-to-unlock, or a combination thereof. Basically, the mechanism of attachment can be anything that allows for a controlled and deliberate disengagement of the first portion of the handlebar from the second portion of the handlebar. In a similar fashion, the first portion of the handlebar and second portion of the handlebar can be configured to detach from one another by a mechanism, such as e.g., but not limited to, a push-button release, lever-operated latch, quick release-pins, screw-based attachment, snap-fit connectors, spring-loaded mechanism, twist-to-unlock, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the movement device can be prepared for transport by detaching the first portion of111604066192.18003095.00004the handlebar from the second portion of the handlebar and collapsing the rest of the movement device within itself. In some embodiments, the movement device can collapse within itself by folding.

[0058] In other embodiments, the movement device can be prepared for transport by detaching the first portion of the handlebar(s) from the second portion of the handlebar(s), detaching the front wheel from the frame, and folding the top portion of the seat over the bottom portion of the seat or alternatively folding the bottom portion of the seat up and onto the top portion of the seat. The detached components can then be transported with ease, e.g. in a trunk of a car. The movement device can then be reconfigured for use by attaching the first portion of the handlebar(s) to the second portion of the handlebar(s) via an attachment mechanism, attaching the front wheel from the frame via any type of fastening / attachment mechanism, including to, but not limited to, the attachment mechanisms described herein, and unfolding the top portion of the seat from the bottom portion of the seat or alternatively unfolding the bottom portion of the seat from the top portion of the seat.EXAMPLESExample 1

[0059] A twenty-year old male is impaired with Dravet syndrome, formerly known as severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy. Dravet syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by a severe form of epilepsy, e.g., prolonged seizures often triggered by hot temperatures or fever. The disease typically starts in the first year or life with around 80-85% of the children surviving into adulthood. However, due to the number of seizures experienced, persons impaired with Dravet syndrome lose the ability to use their legs for movement, and even for standing. The twenty-year old male is immobilized and confined to a wheelchair. His back is also hunched over due to his immobility. The twenty-year old male begins using the movement devices described herein daily. For example, an operator secures the twenty-year old male onto the movement device by using the straps on the boot-like areas for feet placement. The operator then steers the movement device by using the handlebars. Without actively pedaling, the twenty-year old’s feet are forced to passively pedal. The passive activation keeps the legs moving in a continuous pedaling motion which increases muscle strength in the quadriceps, hamstrings, tibialis anterior, calves, and / or the gluteal muscles.

[0060] Prior to beginning regular use of the movement device, the twenty-year old’s height is measured, and the number of steps taking weekly are recorded. While using the movement121604066192.18003095.00004device on a regular basis, the user's step count is recorded on a weekly basis. After about three months of daily use for approximately 30 minutes to one hour, the twenty-year old’s height is measured. The twenty-year-old’s height has increased by about three inches, e.g. his back has straightened from using the movement device. Further, prior to use of the movement device the twenty-year old recorded an average step count of 100 steps per day, whereas while using the movement device an average step count equivalent to about 10 miles is recorded per week.Example 2

[0061] A woman in her eighties having limited use of her lower extremities is confined to an electric wheelchair. She has muscle atrophy in her lower extremities, e.g., her quadriceps, hamstrings, tibialis anterior, calves, and / or glutes due to old age. She has no means for exercise, and it is very difficult for her to find consistent rides to physical therapy.

[0062] She attaches a movement device described herein comprising at least one wheel comprising one or more spokes connected to a central hub; at least two pedals configured to attach to the central hub; at least two areas for feet placement configured to attach to the pedals; and an adjustment to the one or more spokes to configure the at least one wheel into a nonneutral wheel, to her wheelchair via an attachment mechanism. As she moves around in her electric wheelchair rather than her feet remaining still, she is passively pedaling thereby gaining muscle in her lower extremities. Adjustments can be made to the wheelchair and / or movement device in order for the woman to recline, and therefore passively pedal horizontally opposed to vertically.

[0063] Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as molecular weight, reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about.” Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the following specification and attached claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however,131604066192.18003095.00004inherently contains certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.

[0064] The terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar referents used in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g. "such as") provided herein is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the invention.

[0065] The use of the term "or" in the claims is used to mean "and / or" unless explicitly indicated to refer to alternatives only or the alternatives are mutually exclusive, although the disclosure supports a definition that refers to only alternatives and "and / or."

[0066] Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member may be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements found herein. It is anticipated that one or more members of a group may be included in, or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and / or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is herein deemed to contain the group as modified thus fulfilling the written description of all Markush groups used in the appended claims.

[0067] Preferred embodiments of this invention are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out the invention. Of course, variations on those preferred embodiments become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing description. The inventor expects those of ordinary skill in the art to employ such variations as appropriate, and the inventors intend for the invention to be practiced otherwise than specifically described herein. Accordingly, this invention includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicable law. Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof is141604066192.18003095.00004encompassed by the invention unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.

[0068] Specific embodiments disclosed herein may be further limited in the claims using consisting of or consisting essentially of language. When used in the claims, whether as filed or added per amendment, the transition term “consisting of” excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified in the claims. The transition term “consisting essentially of” limits the scope of a claim to the specified materials or steps and those that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s). Embodiments of the invention so claimed are inherently or expressly described and enabled herein.

[0069] Further, it is to be understood that the embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Other modifications that may be employed are within the scope of the invention. Thus, by way of example, but not of limitation, alternative configurations of the present invention may be utilized in accordance with the teachings herein. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to that precisely as shown and described.151604066192.1

Claims

8003095.00004CLAIMSWe claim:

1. A movement device comprising:at least one wheel connected to a central hub; andat least two areas for feet placement configured to attach to the central hub; wherein the at least one wheel is configured to be a non-neutral wheel.

2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a frame configured to attach to the at least one wheel.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein a reclining seat is attached to the frame.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein at least two rear wheels are attached to the frame, and the rear wheels are located behind the seat.

5. The device of claim 4, further comprising at least two handlebars connected via a tube which is attached to the frame.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein the at least two handlebars are located on opposite ends of the seat and extend behind the seat.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein the at least two areas for foot placement are boot-like and include at least three straps.

8. The device of claim 7, wherein a user sits in the seat, and their feet are secured via the straps into the at least two areas.

9. The device of claim 8, wherein an operator steers the movement device via the at least two handlebars.

10. The device of claim 9, wherein the user’s feet passively pedal as the movement device is being steered.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one wheel comprises one or more spokes connected to the central hub.

12. The device of claim 1, further comprising a safety lanyard.

13. The device of claim 1, wherein the movement device can be attached via an attachment mechanism to a motorized device.161604066192.18003095.0000414. A method of using the movement device according to any one of claims 1-13, to reduce and / or prevent muscle atrophy comprising:securing the user into the seat and into the areas for feet placement, by securing the straps over the user’s feet, andsteering, by an operator, the movement device via at least two handlebars, wherein the user’s feet passively pedal as the movement device is steered.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein reducing muscle atrophy decreases the severity of medical conditions that restrict movement in the lower extremities.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the user’s muscle mass is increased.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the muscle mass is increased in at least one of the following: quadriceps, hamstrings, tibialis anterior, calves, and gluteal muscles.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the user is partially or completely immobilized.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the medical conditions that restrict movement in the lower extremities are selected from muscle atrophy, Parkinson’s disease, peripheral artery disease (PAD), osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, cerebral palsy, spinal stenosis, multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, Dravet syndrome, muscular dystrophy, sarcopenia, cancer, leg injuries, and spinal injuries.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the medical condition is Dravet syndrome.171604066192.1

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