Bone graft composite material and manufacturing method therefor

Abstract

The present invention provides a bone graft composite material and a manufacturing method therefor. The bone graft composite material is applied to wound repair of a user in orthopedic surgery and dental surgery, and is used to promote wound healing of the user, induce growth of an autologous bone cell of the user, and induce fusion of a transplanted bone of the user with the autologous bone cell. The bone graft composite material comprises a high molecular polymer, bone powder, and exosomes. Compared with the prior art, the bone graft composite material provided by the present invention has better osteoinductivity and compatibility, and can stably release biological factors, thereby promoting the repair and regeneration of bone.

Description

Bone-supporting composite materials and their manufacturing methods Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a bone-repairing composite material and its manufacturing method, particularly a bone-repairing composite material that can be used in dentistry and orthopedics for wound repair. Background Technology

[0002] Guided Alveolar Bone Regeneration (GBR) is a dental surgical technique primarily used to promote the regeneration and repair of alveolar bone. Alveolar bone is a vital skeletal tissue that supports and stabilizes teeth, but it can be lost or damaged due to tooth extraction, periodontal disease, trauma, or other causes. To restore the height and thickness of the alveolar bone, GBR promotes new bone formation by using biomaterials (such as bone powder or other bone substitutes). Additionally, in dental tooth removal surgery, bone ridge preservation, or bone grafting surgery, bone powder or collagen dressings, or a combination of both, are commonly used to reduce postoperative bleeding, promote wound healing, and induce the growth of autologous bone cells, promoting fusion with the grafted bone.

[0003] In guided alveolar bone regeneration surgery, the diseased tissue is first removed, followed by filling with bone powder or bone substitute materials to promote new bone formation, and then a barrier membrane is placed to prevent soft tissue from invading the bone regeneration area. However, existing techniques have many drawbacks that affect the success rate of the surgery and patient recovery, such as:

[0004] 1. Unknown source of raw materials: The limited supply of allogeneic and xenogeneic bone not only leads to material scarcity but may also involve ethical and legal issues, hindering large-scale application;

[0005] 2. Prolonged repair period: Existing technologies require a long time to repair both soft and hard tissues. Soft tissue repair takes an average of 4 to 6 weeks, while hard tissue repair takes 16 to 24 weeks, which prolongs the patient's discomfort period and treatment cycle.

[0006] 3. High risk of infection: The pH value of the oral environment changes greatly and microorganisms multiply rapidly. Especially under conditions of improper diet and cleaning, the use of existing technology can easily lead to wound infection, thereby increasing the risk of transplant failure.

[0007] 4. Insufficient biocompatibility and osteoinductive properties: Existing materials have not yet achieved ideal results in terms of biocompatibility and osteoinductive properties, which may lead to problems such as immune reactions and poor osseointegration.

[0008] 5. Inaccurate control of regenerative factor release: The release of regenerative factors is difficult to stabilize and precisely control, leading to uncertainty and variability in efficacy;

[0009] 6. Significant impact of individual patient differences: Factors such as age, health status, and bone density among different patients lead to significant differences in treatment outcomes, making it difficult for current technologies to provide consistent treatment results.

[0010] As stated above, existing bone repair technologies face numerous problems and challenges in terms of material supply, treatment efficacy, infection control, and patient recovery time. Therefore, developing novel bone-repairing composite materials with biocompatibility, biodegradability, and osteoinductive properties is a major research topic in the field of biomaterials. Summary of the Invention

[0011] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bone-repairing composite material and a method for manufacturing the same, so as to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, reduce the dependence on autologous bone and allogeneic bone, accelerate the repair of soft and hard tissues, shorten the patient's recovery time, improve the efficiency of surgery, and reduce the risk of postoperative infection and transplant failure.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses a bone-repairing composite material applied in wound repair of a user during orthopedic and dental surgery, for promoting wound healing, inducing the growth of the user's autologous bone cells, and inducing the fusion of the user's transplanted bone with the autologous bone cells, characterized in that the bone-repairing composite material comprises:

[0013] A high molecular weight polymer;

[0014] One bone powder; and

[0015] One exosome.

[0016] The number-average molecular weight of the polymer ranges from 5 kDa to 1,000 kDa.

[0017] The polymer contains a polysaccharide polymer.

[0018] The polysaccharide polymer contains one of a plant-derived polysaccharide and an animal-derived polysaccharide.

[0019] The plant-derived polysaccharide includes a seaweed-derived polysaccharide, and the animal-derived polysaccharide includes one of a crustacean exoskeleton-derived polysaccharide, a cartilage tissue-derived polysaccharide, and an animal skin-derived polysaccharide.

[0020] The polymer contains one of the following: alginate, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin, chitin, and chitosan.

[0021] The bone powder contains at least one of calcium ions, phosphate ions, sulfate ions, hydrogen phosphate ions, and dihydrogen phosphate ions.

[0022] The bone meal contains one of the following: bovine bone meal, pork bone meal, synthetic bone meal, hydroxyapatite, and tricalcium phosphate.

[0023] The size of one vesicle of this exosome ranges from 30 nm to 150 nm.

[0024] The exosome further comprises one of an exovesicle secreted by a plant-derived cell and an exovesicle secreted by an animal-derived cell.

[0025] Among them, the plant-derived cell secretes an external vesicle containing a Ganoderma lucidum-derived external vesicle, and the animal-derived cell secretes an external vesicle containing a human stem cell-derived external vesicle.

[0026] The human stem cell-derived extravesicle includes one of the following: an extravesicle derived from mesenchymal stem cells, an extravesicle derived from umbilical cord stem cells, an extravesicle derived from adipose stem cells, an extravesicle derived from deciduous tooth stem cells, an extravesicle derived from periodontal ligament stem cells, and an extravesicle derived from dental pulp stem cells.

[0027] The polymer accounts for 1.0% to 16.7% of the bone graft composite material.

[0028] The bone powder accounts for 0.1% to 44.4% of the bone-strengthening composite material.

[0029] The exosomes account for 38.9% to 98.9% of the bone-strengthening composite material.

[0030] The concentration range of this exosome is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 Up to 1.0×10 14 particles / mL.

[0031] The bone-strengthening composite material is either a powder form or a semi-solid form.

[0032] The polymer is in powder form.

[0033] A method for manufacturing a bone-reinforcing composite material is also disclosed, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0034] A polymer, bone meal, and exosome are mixed in a certain proportion to form the bone-strengthening composite material.

[0035] The composition ratio is as follows: the polymer accounts for 1.0% of the total mass of the bone composite material, the bone powder accounts for 45.0% of the total mass of the bone composite material, and the exosomes account for 50% of the total mass of the bone composite material.

[0036] In summary, this invention provides a bone-repairing composite material and its manufacturing method. Combining polymers, bone powder, and exosomes reduces reliance on autologous and allogeneic bone, accelerates soft and hard tissue repair, shortens patient recovery time, improves surgical efficiency, and reduces the risk of postoperative infection and transplant failure. Furthermore, the bone-repairing composite material of this invention exhibits excellent osteoinductive properties and biocompatibility, and can stably release its contained biological factors, ensuring continuous and effective promotion of bone regeneration. In addition, the bone-repairing composite material in this specific embodiment can effectively improve the current situation of long bone-repairing treatment time and unsatisfactory bone integration in dental surgery, optimizing and shortening the treatment course of spinal cord preservation and large-area bone reconstruction. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a bone-repairing composite material according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 shows a flowchart of the steps of a method for manufacturing bone-reinforcing composite materials according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the advantages, spirit, and features of the present invention easier and clearer to understand, detailed descriptions and discussions will follow with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these specific embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention, and the specific methods, apparatus, conditions, materials, etc., exemplified are not intended to limit the present invention or the corresponding specific embodiments. Furthermore, the elements in the figures are only used to illustrate their relative positions and are not drawn to scale; the step numbers in the present invention are only for distinguishing different steps and do not represent the order of the steps, as will be stated previously.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 in sequence. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a bone-repairing composite material 1 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. The present invention provides a bone-repairing composite material 1 for use in wound repair during orthopedic and dental surgery to promote wound healing, induce the growth of the user's autologous bone cells, and induce the fusion of the user's transplanted bone with autologous bone cells. As shown in Figure 1, the bone-repairing composite material 1 in this specific embodiment comprises a polymer 11, bone powder 12, and exosomes 13. In this specific embodiment, the bone-repairing composite material 1 can be a powder or a semi-solid dosage form. However, in practical applications, the dosage form of the bone-repairing composite material 1 is not limited to the above and can be adjusted and selected according to the user's needs.

[0041] In this specific embodiment, the polymer 11 can be a powder dosage form. The number-average molecular weight of the polymer 1 can range from 5 kDa to 1,000 kDa. The polymer 11 can contain polysaccharide polymers. These polysaccharide polymers can contain either plant-derived polysaccharides or animal-derived polysaccharides. Plant-derived polysaccharides can include seaweed-derived polysaccharides, and animal-derived polysaccharides can include either crustacean exoskeleton-derived polysaccharides, cartilage tissue-derived polysaccharides, or animal skin-derived polysaccharides. Furthermore, the polymer 11 in the bone-strengthening composite material 1 can also be further selected from alginate and its salts, hyaluronic acid and its salts, collagen, gelatin, chitosan, chitin, etc. In practical applications, the types and sources of the polymer 11 are not limited to the above and can be adjusted and selected according to user needs.

[0042] In this specific embodiment, bone powder 12 may contain one or more of calcium ions, phosphate ions, sulfate ions, hydrogen phosphate ions, and dihydrogen phosphate ions. In another embodiment, bone powder 12 may further contain bovine bone powder, pork bone powder, synthetic bone powder (hydroxyapatite (HA), calcium sulfate, dicalcium phosphate (DCP), beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), etc.), human bone powder, hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, etc. Bone powder 12 may be in powder form. In practical applications, the types of bone powder 12 are not limited to the above and can be adjusted and selected according to user needs.

[0043] In this specific embodiment, the vesicle size of exosome 13 ranges from 30 nm to 150 nm. Exosome 13 may further be one of exosomes secreted by plant-derived cells and exosomes secreted by animal-derived cells. In practical applications, multiple types may also be used. The exosomes secreted by plant-derived cells may contain, in a specific proportion, the polymer accounting for 1.0% of the total mass of the bone composite material, the bone powder accounting for 45.0% of the total mass of the bone composite material, and the exosomes accounting for 50% of the total mass of the bone composite material. It may further be an exosome derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. In practical applications, the type and source of exosome 13 are not limited to the above and can be adjusted and selected according to user needs.

[0044] The bone-repairing composite material in this specific embodiment is used in orthopedic and dental surgeries. The aforementioned surgeries may further include dental tooth removal, bone spine preservation, or bone augmentation. However, in practice, the bone-repairing composite material of this invention can also be applied to other bone surgeries for bone repair and treatment.

[0045] In addition, in this specific embodiment, the bone-strengthening composite material contains polymer 11 accounting for 1.0% to 16.7% of the bone-strengthening composite material 1. Bone powder 12 accounts for 0.1% to 44.4% of the bone-strengthening composite material 1. Exosomes 13 account for 38.9% to 98.9% of the bone-strengthening composite material 1. The concentration range of exosomes 13 is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 Up to 1.0×10 14 particles / mL. This specific embodiment, formulated by combining a polymer, bone meal, and exosomes in a specific ratio, offers the following advantages:

[0046] 1. Abundant material resources: The bone-supplementing composite material in this specific embodiment is made of calcium phosphate bone powder and seaweed-extracted polysaccharides, which can reduce the dependence on autologous bone and allogeneic bone, thereby solving the problem of insufficient supply of conventional materials.

[0047] 2. Significantly shortened repair period: The bone-repairing composite material in this specific embodiment can accelerate the repair time of soft and hard tissues, thereby shortening the patient's recovery time and improving the efficiency of surgery.

[0048] 3. Reduced risk of infection: The bone grafting composite material in this specific embodiment has high biocompatibility, and the slow-released exosomes can significantly reduce the risk of postoperative infection and transplant failure.

[0049] 4. Excellent osteoinductive properties and biocompatibility: The osteoplast composite material in this specific embodiment has a porous structure, which helps osteoblasts attach and proliferate, thereby improving osteoinductive properties and preventing inappropriate immune responses.

[0050] 5. Stable release of biological factors: The bone-repairing composite material in this specific embodiment can stably release the contained biological factors, thereby ensuring continuous and effective promotion of bone regeneration.

[0051] 6. Easy to operate: The bone-supplementing composite material in this specific embodiment can be quickly prepared within 3 minutes before surgery, and there is no time limit. It is easy to apply in clinical practice and improves the work efficiency of physicians and surgical assistants.

[0052] Furthermore, the inventors conducted a 90-day experiment on bone growth performance and bone mineral density changes using the bone-strengthening composite material of this invention, with different concentration ratios. Please refer to Table 1, which presents the scoring criteria for 90-day bone growth performance. The scores in Table 1 are based on 90-day bone mineral density changes, expressed as (D90-D0) / D0, and scored according to the magnitude of the change. The symbol "0" represents a 90-day bone mineral density change range of 0% to 15.0%; the symbol "+" represents a change range of 15.01% to 25.0%; the symbol "++" represents a change range of 25.01% to 35.0%; and the symbol "+++" represents a change greater than 35.01%. This scoring criterion provides a quantitative evaluation framework for the bone growth effect of the bone-strengthening composite material over 90 days.

[0053] Table 1. Scoring Criteria for Bone Growth Performance at 90 Days

[0054] Please refer to Table 2. Table 2 shows the performance of bone-regenerating composite materials of formulations 1 to 6 in guided bone regeneration in mandibular wisdom tooth extraction cavities (in humans). The table lists the component ratios of each formulation and their corresponding 90-day bone growth performance. The component ratios of these formulations are: polymer 0.5% to 20.0%, bone powder fixation 20.0%, exosomes 44.0% to 69.0%, and 0.9% sodium chloride aqueous solution 10.5% to 16.0%. In the experiment, bone-regenerating composite materials composed of these formulations were filled into mandibular wisdom tooth extraction cavities, and the changes in bone mineral density (BMD) of the entire mouth were observed using CT computed tomography (CT) on the day of surgery and 90 days later. The BMD change data after 90 days were quantified using ImageJ image analysis software and converted into bone mineral density values ​​for further analysis. The results showed that the bone growth promoting effects of different formulations varied significantly, with bone growth performance ranging from "+++" to "0". In particular, formulation 2 (1.0% polymer, 20.0% bone meal, 64.0% exosomes, and 15.0% 0.9% sodium chloride aqueous solution) showed the best effect. Based on the data in Table 2, the inventors determined the ideal ratio of polymers (such as alginate) that performed well in promoting bone regeneration.

[0055] Table 2. Performance of bone regeneration guided by bone-regenerating composite materials of formulas 1 to 6 in mandibular wisdom tooth cavities (human body)

[0056] Please refer to Table 3. Table 3 shows the performance of the bone-regenerating composite materials of formulations 7 to 12 in guided bone regeneration in mandibular wisdom tooth extraction cavities (in humans). The table lists the component ratios of each formulation and their corresponding 90-day bone growth performance. The component ratios of these formulations are as follows: polymer fixed at 1.0%, bone powder ranging from 30.0% to 55.0%, exosomes ranging from 44.0% to 69.0%, and no 0.9% sodium chloride aqueous solution was added. In the experiment, the bone-regenerating composite materials composed of these formulations were filled into mandibular wisdom tooth extraction cavities, and the changes in bone mineral density (BMD) of the entire mouth were observed using CT computed tomography (CT) on the day of surgery and 90 days later. The BMD change data after 90 days were quantified using ImageJ image analysis software and converted into bone mineral density values ​​for further analysis. The results showed that the bone growth promoting effects of different formulations varied significantly, with bone growth performance ranging from "+++" to "+". Among them, formulation 10 (1.0% polymer, 45.0% bone meal, and 54.0% exosomes) showed the best effect, demonstrating a stronger bone regeneration promoting effect. Based on the data in Table 3, the inventors further determined the optimal ratio of polymer to bone meal, which performed exceptionally well in promoting bone regeneration.

[0057] Table 3. Performance of bone regeneration guided by bone-regenerating composite materials of formulas 7 to 12 in mandibular wisdom tooth cavities (human body)

[0058] Please refer to Table 4. Table 4 shows the performance of the bone-regenerating composite materials of formulations 13 to 18 in guided bone regeneration in mandibular wisdom tooth extraction cavities (in humans), focusing on the effect of changes in exosome ratio on bone growth. The component ratios of each formulation ranged as follows: polymer fixed at 1.0%, bone powder fixed at 45.0%, exosome ratio ranging from 30.0% to 55.0%, while the proportion of 0.9% sodium chloride aqueous solution decreased with increasing exosome ratio, ranging from 0.0% to 24.0%. In this experiment, these bone-regenerating composite materials were filled into mandibular wisdom tooth extraction cavities, and bone mineral density changes were observed on the day of and 90 days post-surgery using CT computed tomography. Bone mineral density changes after 90 days were quantified using ImageJ image analysis software and converted into bone mineral density values ​​for further analysis. The results showed that the bone growth-promoting effect significantly improved with increasing exosome ratio. Bone growth performance ranged from "++" to "+++". In particular, formulations 16 to 18 (exosome ratio 45.0% to 55.0%) showed the best bone regeneration effect, demonstrating a stronger promoting effect. Based on the data in Table 4, the inventors determined the ideal ratio of exosomes, which performed exceptionally well in promoting bone regeneration.

[0059] Table 4. Performance of bone regeneration guided by bone-regenerating composite materials of formulas 13 to 18 in mandibular wisdom tooth cavities (human body)

[0060] Based on the experimental data in Tables 2 to 4, comprehensive analysis shows that the formulation combination of 1.0% polymer, 45.0% to 55.0% bone powder, and 45.0% to 55.0% exosomes significantly promoted bone density growth and bone regeneration within 90 days. Formulation 17 in Table 4 showed particularly outstanding performance, demonstrating the best bone regeneration effect. These results provide effective reference for formulation design and contribute to the optimized selection of bone-strengthening materials in clinical applications.

[0061] Please refer to Table 5. Table 5 shows the performance of the bone-regenerating composite materials of Formulas 19 to 30 in guided bone regeneration in the extraction socket of the mandibular wisdom tooth (in humans). Table 5 uses different types of polymers, bone powder, and exosomes, and mixes them in a fixed proportion according to the formula combination of Formula 17 to form bone-regenerating materials, focusing on the effect of different component combinations on bone growth. Each formula uses different types of polymers (alginic acid, hyaluronic acid, chitosan), bone powder (tricalcium phosphate or bovine bone), and exosomes (umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells or Ganoderma lucidum exosomes), and is formulated in a fixed proportion (45% bone powder, 50% exosomes, 4% 0.9% sodium chloride aqueous solution). The results show that the combination of different polymers and bone powder has a significant effect on bone growth. Overall, the alginic acid and hyaluronic acid formulas mostly show "+++" bone growth promoting effects, while the chitosan formulas have slightly lower effects, with some only reaching "+" or "++". Furthermore, differences in the source of exosomes also affect bone regeneration efficacy. Formulas using umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (such as formulas 19, 21, 23, and 25) mostly achieved "+++", indicating excellent bone growth promotion effects. Formulas using Ganoderma lucidum exosomes, however, mostly achieved "++", showing a promotional effect but slightly inferior to those using umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes. The results in Table 5 show that specific combinations of polymers, bone powder, exosomes, and sodium chloride aqueous solution have significant effects on promoting bone growth, especially formulas containing umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes. The differences in bone growth efficacy may stem from the biocompatibility of the polymers and the promoting capacity of the exosome source. The analysis results indicate that formulas combining alginate or hyaluronic acid with bovine bone and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes significantly improved bone density and bone regeneration capacity within 90 days, demonstrating potential for guiding bone regeneration.

[0062] Table 5. Performance of bone regeneration guided by bone-regenerating composite materials of formulas 19 to 30 in mandibular wisdom tooth cavities (human body)

[0063] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a bone-strengthening composite material to form a bone-strengthening composite material 1, comprising the following steps: S1: mixing a polymer 11, bone powder 12 and exosome 13 in a certain composition ratio to form the bone-strengthening composite material 1.

[0064] In this specific embodiment, the specific proportions are as follows: polymer 11 accounts for 1.0% of the total mass of bone composite material 1, bone powder 12 accounts for 45.0% of the total mass of bone composite material 1, and exosomes 13 account for 50.0% of the total mass of bone composite material 1. Additionally, bone composite material 1 may further contain an aqueous sodium chloride solution. The aqueous sodium chloride solution accounts for 4.0% of the total mass of bone composite material 1. The weight concentration of the aqueous sodium chloride solution may be 0.9%. The original vesicle concentration of exosomes 1 is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 11 particles / mL.

[0065] Furthermore, the polymer in this specific embodiment has the property of forming a gel upon contact with water and stirring. Therefore, bone powder and freeze-dried exosomes can be encapsulated in this gel to form a shape-stable bone-repairing composite material. The bone-repairing composite material in this specific embodiment is absorbent; when transplanted to a wound, it can effectively absorb tissue exudate to achieve effective hemostasis. Moreover, the bone-repairing composite material in this specific embodiment is insoluble in water and morphologically stable after molding; when transplanted to a wound, it will not dissolve upon contact with blood or tissue fluid. The bone powder in this specific embodiment has high strength and porosity; its pore structure is robust and not easily collapsed, and the interconnected pores facilitate osteocyte adhesion, thus exhibiting good osteoinductive properties. The bone-repairing composite material in this specific embodiment can effectively improve the current situation of long bone grafting treatment time and unsatisfactory osseointegration in dental surgery, optimizing and shortening the treatment course of spinal cord preservation and large-area bone reconstruction.

[0066] In summary, this invention provides a bone-repairing composite material and its manufacturing method. Combining polymers, bone powder, and exosomes reduces reliance on autologous and allogeneic bone, accelerates soft and hard tissue repair, shortens patient recovery time, improves surgical efficiency, and reduces the risk of postoperative infection and transplant failure. Furthermore, the bone-repairing composite material of this invention exhibits excellent osteoinductive properties and biocompatibility, and can stably release its contained biological factors, ensuring continuous and effective promotion of bone regeneration. In addition, the bone-repairing composite material in this specific embodiment can effectively improve the current situation of long bone-repairing treatment time and unsatisfactory bone integration in dental surgery, optimizing and shortening the treatment course of spinal cord preservation and large-area bone reconstruction.

[0067] The detailed description of the preferred embodiments above is intended to more clearly describe the features and spirit of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the preferred embodiments disclosed above. Rather, the aim is to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements within the scope of the patent claims made by this invention. Therefore, the scope of the patent claims made by this invention should be interpreted in the broadest possible sense based on the foregoing description, so as to cover all possible modifications and equivalent arrangements.

Claims

1. A bone-repairing composite material used in wound repair of a user during orthopedic and dental surgery to promote wound healing, induce the growth of the user's autologous bone cells, and induce the fusion of a graft with the autologous bone cells, characterized in that, This bone graft composite material contains: A high molecular weight polymer; One bone powder; and One exosome.

2. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number-average molecular weight of this polymer ranges from 5 kDa to 1,000 kDa.

3. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer contains a polysaccharide polymer.

4. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The polysaccharide polymer contains one of a plant-derived polysaccharide and an animal-derived polysaccharide.

5. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The plant-derived polysaccharide includes an algae-derived polysaccharide, and the animal-derived polysaccharide includes one of a crustacean exoskeleton-derived polysaccharide, a cartilage tissue-derived polysaccharide, and an animal skin-derived polysaccharide.

6. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer contains one of alginate, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin, chitin, and chitosan.

7. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bone meal contains at least one of calcium ions, phosphate ions, sulfate ions, hydrogen phosphate ions, and dihydrogen phosphate ions.

8. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bone meal contains one of the following: bovine bone meal, pork bone meal, synthetic bone meal, hydroxyapatite, and tricalcium phosphate.

9. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The size of one vesicle of this exosome ranges from 30 nm to 150 nm.

10. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The exosome further comprises one of an exovesicle secreted by a plant-derived cell and an exovesicle secreted by an animal-derived cell.

11. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plant-derived cell secretes an exovesicle containing a Ganoderma lucidum-derived exovesicle, while the animal-derived cell secretes an exovesicle containing a human stem cell-derived exovesicle.

12. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The human stem cell-derived exovesicle includes one of the following: a mesenchymal stem cell-derived exovesicle, an umbilical cord stem cell-derived exovesicle, an adipose stem cell-derived exovesicle, a deciduous tooth stem cell-derived exovesicle, a periodontal ligament stem cell-derived exovesicle, and a dental pulp stem cell-derived exovesicle.

13. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer accounts for 1.0% to 16.7% of the bone graft composite material.

14. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bone powder accounts for 0.1% to 44.4% of the bone-strengthening composite material.

15. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The exosomes account for 38.9% to 98.9% of the bone-component composite material.

16. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration range of this exosome is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 7 Up to 1.0×10 14 particles / mL.

17. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bone-strengthening composite material is available in both powder and semi-solid formulations.

18. The bone-repairing composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, This polymer is in powder form.

19. A method for manufacturing a bone-supporting composite material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A polymer, bone meal, and exosome are mixed in a certain proportion to form the bone-strengthening composite material.

20. The method for manufacturing bone-supporting composite materials as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The composition ratio is as follows: the polymer accounts for 1.0% of the total mass of the bone composite material, the bone powder accounts for 45.0% of the total mass of the bone composite material, and the exosomes account for 50% of the total mass of the bone composite material.

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