Digital key pairing method and related product

Abstract

A digital key pairing method and a related product, applied to the technical field of digital keys. In the present application, third pairing information sent by a server to a terminal comprises information obtained by executing first processing on information used for determining a first pairing code. The terminal then obtains first pairing information on the basis of the third pairing information, wherein the first pairing information also comprises the information obtained by executing the first processing on the information used for determining the first pairing code. The terminal then sends the first pairing information to a vehicle end, and the vehicle end can then obtain the first pairing code by performing second processing on the first pairing information, such that the vehicle end can obtain the first pairing code without requiring the participation of a user. The terminal and the vehicle end are then paired on the basis of the first pairing code, so that the pairing of the terminal and the vehicle end can be implemented without requiring the participation of the user, thereby improving user experience.

Description

A digital key pairing method and related products Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of digital key technology, and in particular to a digital key pairing method and related products. Background Technology

[0002] After establishing a communication connection between the terminal and the vehicle, data can be output through this connection. However, to improve data transmission security, the terminal and vehicle need to be paired based on a pairing code before establishing a communication connection. Currently, the user needs to input the same pairing code on both the terminal and the vehicle before they can pair based on this shared code. This requirement for user input of a pairing code leads to complex user operations and a poor user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a digital key pairing method and related products, which can achieve pairing between the terminal and the vehicle without user intervention, thereby improving the user experience.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a digital key pairing method, the method comprising: receiving first pairing information from a terminal, the first pairing information including information obtained by performing a first processing on the target information, the target information including information for determining a first pairing code, the first pairing code including a pairing code used by the terminal to pair with a vehicle. Obtaining the first pairing code by performing a second processing on the first pairing information, the information obtained by performing the second processing on the information obtained after the first processing includes information before the first processing. Pairing with the terminal using the first pairing code.

[0005] In this embodiment, the digital key pairing method in the first aspect can be applied to the vehicle end, for example, the vehicle end is an electronic control unit (ECU). The target information includes information for determining a first pairing code, that is, the first pairing code can be determined based on the target information. Optionally, the target information includes one or more of the following: a first pairing code, information for generating the first pairing code, and information for decrypting the ciphertext of the first pairing code. The first processing is used to convert the information into information different from the information processed by the first processing; that is, by performing the first processing on the information, the information can be encrypted, thereby protecting the security of the information. The information obtained by performing the second processing on the information obtained after the first processing includes the information before the first processing; that is, by performing the second processing on the information obtained after the first processing, the information can be decrypted.

[0006] In this digital key pairing method, the vehicle-mounted terminal receives first pairing information from the terminal by performing a first process on target information, wherein the target information includes information for determining a first pairing code. The vehicle-mounted terminal then obtains information including the information before the first processing based on the first pairing information. Specifically, by performing a second processing on the first pairing information, the vehicle-mounted terminal obtains the information including the information before the first processing, i.e., the target information. Therefore, the vehicle-mounted terminal can obtain the target information by receiving the first pairing information from the terminal, and this also improves the security of the target information transmission. Upon obtaining the target information, the vehicle-mounted terminal can further determine the first pairing code based on the target information, and then use the first pairing code to pair with the terminal. This allows for pairing between the terminal and the vehicle-mounted terminal without user intervention, thereby improving the user experience.

[0007] In one possible implementation, if the target information includes a pairing code factor and the first pairing code is obtained based on the third processing performed on the pairing code factor, the vehicle performs a second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the pairing code factor; and performs a third processing on the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code.

[0008] In this embodiment, the pairing code factor is information used to generate the first pairing code. The first pairing code can be obtained by performing a third processing on the pairing code factor. Since the vehicle-side has the capability to perform a second processing, after the vehicle-side obtains the pairing code factor by performing a second processing on the first pairing information, it can further obtain the first pairing code by performing a third processing on the pairing code factor.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a key factor, and the first pairing information further includes pairing code information and key factor information obtained by performing a first process on the key factor. The pairing code information is obtained by encrypting the first pairing code using a first key, which is derived from the key factor. The vehicle first performs a second process on the key factor information to obtain the key factor. Then, based on the key factor, it obtains the first key. Finally, it decrypts the pairing code information using the first key to obtain the first pairing code.

[0010] In this embodiment, the first pairing information received by the vehicle-mounted terminal includes pairing code information, which is obtained by encrypting the first pairing code using a first key. Therefore, the vehicle-mounted terminal needs to decrypt the pairing code information using the first key to obtain the first pairing code. Since the first key is obtained based on a key factor, the vehicle-mounted terminal needs to obtain the key factor to further obtain the first key. Therefore, in this embodiment, the key factor is information used to decrypt the ciphertext of the first pairing code. The first pairing information received by the vehicle-mounted terminal includes information obtained by performing a first process on the key factor, i.e., key factor information. The vehicle-mounted terminal can obtain the key factor by performing a second process on the key factor information, and then obtain the first key based on the key factor.

[0011] In one implementation, when the first process includes encrypting the key factor using a second key, the vehicle terminal uses the second key to decrypt the key factor information to obtain the key factor.

[0012] In this embodiment, the first process includes encrypting the key factor using a second key. Therefore, the first pairing information includes key factor information obtained by encrypting the key factor using the second key. Thus, the vehicle-side device can obtain the key factor by decrypting the key factor information using the second key.

[0013] In one implementation, if the first key is obtained by performing a fourth process on the key factors, the vehicle performs a fourth process on the key factors to obtain the first key.

[0014] In this embodiment, the vehicle-side can obtain the first key by performing a fourth process on the key factor.

[0015] In one implementation, when the target information includes a third key and the first pairing code is obtained by processing the pairing code factors based on the third key, the vehicle performs a second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the third key; and uses the third key to encrypt the pairing code factors to obtain the first pairing code.

[0016] In this embodiment, the third key is information used to generate the first pairing code. After obtaining the third key by performing the second processing on the first pairing information, the vehicle can use the third key to encrypt the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code.

[0017] In one implementation, when the first process includes encrypting the third key using the fourth key, the vehicle uses the fourth key to decrypt the first pairing information to obtain the third key.

[0018] In this embodiment, since the first process includes encrypting the third key using the fourth key, the vehicle end can decrypt the first pairing information using the fourth key to obtain the third key.

[0019] In one implementation, before receiving the first pairing information from the terminal, the vehicle-mounted device randomly generates a pairing code factor and sends the pairing code factor to the terminal.

[0020] In this implementation, since the pairing code factor is randomly generated by the vehicle end, it is difficult to crack the pairing code factor. Sending the pairing code factor to the terminal can improve the security of the pairing code factor.

[0021] In one implementation, the vehicle-side randomly generates pairing code factors in a manner that satisfies preset conditions after two consecutive generation of pairing code factors.

[0022] In this implementation, preset conditions are used to increase the difficulty of cracking the pairing code factor. Optionally, the preset conditions include the time interval between two consecutive generation of pairing code factors being less than or equal to an interval threshold. Optionally, the preset conditions include the later generation of the pairing code factor in two consecutive generations being generated only if the pairing is successful based on the previous generation of the pairing code factor. In this case, after the vehicle-side device successfully pairs based on the generated pairing code factor, it regenerates a pairing code factor for the next pairing when pairing is required. By randomly generating pairing code factors in a manner that satisfies the preset conditions for two consecutive generations of pairing code factors, the difficulty of cracking the pairing code factor is increased.

[0023] In one implementation, if the target information includes a first pairing code, the vehicle performs a second process on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code.

[0024] In this embodiment, since the information in the first pairing information before the first processing includes the first pairing code, the vehicle can obtain the first pairing code by performing the second processing on the first pairing information.

[0025] In one implementation, where the first processing includes encryption, the vehicle-side device obtains the first pairing code by decrypting the first pairing information.

[0026] In this implementation, the first process includes encryption, and correspondingly, the first pairing information includes information obtained by encrypting the target information. Therefore, the vehicle-side device can obtain the target information by decrypting the first pairing information, and then obtain the first pairing code based on the target information.

[0027] In one implementation, if the first pairing information passes identity authentication, the vehicle-side device decrypts the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code.

[0028] In this implementation, identity authentication includes verifying the signature of the first pairing information to determine whether the vehicle identity information carried in the signature matches the identity information of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle. If so, the first pairing information is determined to have passed identity authentication; otherwise, the first pairing information is determined to have failed identity authentication. If the first pairing information has passed identity authentication, the vehicle can decrypt the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code, thereby improving the integrity of the first pairing code.

[0029] In one implementation, the vehicle-mounted receiving terminal transmits first pairing information via short-range communication.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first pairing information sent by the vehicle-mounted receiving terminal via short-range communication can be received even when the mobile communication network is poor, thereby facilitating pairing with the terminal even when the mobile communication network is poor.

[0031] In one implementation, the vehicle end belongs to the vehicle, while the terminal is located outside the vehicle.

[0032] In this embodiment, since the terminal is located outside the vehicle to which the vehicle belongs, combining this embodiment with the first aspect and any of its embodiments can enable the terminal and the vehicle to pair using the first pairing code even without the terminal entering the vehicle.

[0033] In one implementation, if pairing is successful, the vehicle-mounted device stores first pairing information; after storing the first pairing information, it receives second pairing information; if the first pairing information and the second pairing information are the same, it refuses to pair with the device that sent the second pairing information.

[0034] After successful pairing, both devices store keys for subsequent pairings, such as a temporary key (TK), a short-term key (STK), or a long-term key (LTK), so that they can be used directly for pairing the next time they connect. In other words, for two successfully paired devices, they typically will not pair again using the pairing information used in the first pairing. If either of the two successfully paired devices receives pairing information used in the first pairing, the risk of this pairing is high. Therefore, in this implementation, if the first pairing information and the second pairing information are the same, the vehicle-side device refuses to pair with the device that sent the second pairing information, which reduces the probability of being affected by replay attacks.

[0035] In one implementation, the time when the vehicle receives the first pairing information is designated as a first time, and the time when the vehicle receives the second pairing information is designated as a second time. If the first pairing information and the second pairing information are the same, and the time difference between the first time and the second time is greater than or equal to a time threshold, the vehicle will refuse to pair with the device that sent the second pairing information.

[0036] Considering that the same device may use the same pairing information to pair with the vehicle terminal multiple times within a short period of time, the first pairing information should have an expiration period. In this implementation, the time threshold is the expiration period of the first pairing information. Therefore, if the first pairing information and the second pairing information are the same, and the time difference between the first time and the second time is greater than or equal to the time threshold, the vehicle terminal will refuse to pair with the device that sent the second pairing information, which can improve the pairing efficiency between the vehicle terminal and the terminal.

[0037] In one implementation, the vehicle terminal is part of the vehicle. Upon successful pairing, the vehicle terminal receives control commands from the terminal's digital key for the vehicle, and then controls the vehicle according to these commands.

[0038] In this implementation, upon successful pairing, the vehicle receives control commands from the digital key of the terminal via the established communication connection, thereby enhancing the security of the control commands. After receiving the control command, the vehicle can be controlled according to the command, such as opening or closing the vehicle doors.

[0039] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide another digital key pairing method, which includes: a terminal sending first pairing information to a vehicle, wherein the first pairing information includes information obtained by performing a first processing on target information, the target information including information for determining a first pairing code, and the first pairing code including a pairing code used for pairing with the vehicle. The terminal then uses the first pairing code to pair with the vehicle.

[0040] In this embodiment, the digital key pairing method in the second aspect can be applied to a terminal. In this digital key pairing method, the terminal can send first pairing information carrying target information to the vehicle, enabling the vehicle to further determine a first pairing code based on the received first pairing information. The terminal then uses the first pairing code to pair with the vehicle, achieving pairing between the terminal and the vehicle without user intervention, thereby improving the user experience.

[0041] In one implementation, when the target information includes a pairing code factor and the first pairing code is obtained based on a third processing of the pairing code factor, the terminal receives pairing code factor information from the server as the first pairing information before sending the first pairing information to the vehicle. The pairing code factor information is obtained based on a first processing of the pairing code factor.

[0042] In this implementation, the terminal uses the pairing code factor information from the server as the first pairing information and then sends the first pairing information to the vehicle, which enables the vehicle to obtain the pairing code factor information.

[0043] In one implementation, when the target information includes a first pairing code and a key factor, and the first processing includes performing a first processing on the key factor, the terminal receives first key and key factor information from the server before sending the first pairing information to the vehicle terminal. The first key is obtained based on the key factor, and the key factor information is obtained by performing the first processing on the key factor. The terminal then uses the first key to encrypt the first pairing code to obtain pairing code information. Finally, the first pairing information is obtained based on the key factor information and the pairing code information.

[0044] In this implementation, after receiving the first key from the server, the terminal uses the first key to encrypt the first pairing code to obtain pairing code information. Then, based on the pairing code information and the key factor information from the server, the terminal obtains first pairing information, so that the first pairing information includes the pairing code information and the key factor information.

[0045] In one implementation, when the target information includes a third key and the pairing code is obtained by processing the pairing code factor using the third key, the terminal receives key information from the server as the first pairing information before sending the first pairing information to the vehicle. The key information is obtained by performing a first processing on the third key.

[0046] In this implementation, the terminal uses the received key information as the first pairing information, and thus the first pairing information sent to the vehicle is the key information.

[0047] In one implementation, the terminal receives a third key from the server before pairing with the vehicle using the first pairing code. The third key is then used to encrypt the pairing code factors to obtain the first pairing code.

[0048] In this implementation, the terminal uses a third key from the server to encrypt the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code.

[0049] In one implementation, the terminal receives the pairing code factor from the vehicle before encrypting the pairing code factor using a third key to obtain the first pairing code.

[0050] In this implementation, the terminal uses a third key to encrypt the pairing code factor to obtain a first pairing code. The third key comes from the server, and the pairing code factor comes from the vehicle. This increases the difficulty of cracking the first pairing code.

[0051] In one embodiment, when the target information includes a first pairing code and the first processing includes performing a first processing on the first pairing code, the terminal receives pairing code information from the server as the first pairing information before sending the first pairing information to the vehicle terminal, wherein the pairing code information is obtained by performing a first processing on the first pairing code.

[0052] In this implementation, the terminal uses the received pairing code information as the first pairing information, and thus the first pairing information sent to the vehicle is the pairing code information.

[0053] In one implementation, the first process includes encrypting the target information.

[0054] In one implementation, the terminal sends first pairing information to the vehicle via short-range communication.

[0055] In this implementation, the terminal sends the first pairing information to the vehicle via short-range communication, which can be sent even when the mobile communication network is poor, thus facilitating pairing with the vehicle even under poor mobile communication network conditions.

[0056] In one implementation, the vehicle end belongs to the vehicle, while the terminal is located outside the vehicle.

[0057] In this embodiment, since the terminal is located outside the vehicle to which the vehicle belongs, combining this embodiment with the second aspect and any of its embodiments can enable the terminal and the vehicle to pair using the first pairing code even without the terminal entering the vehicle.

[0058] In one implementation, the vehicle-side component is the vehicle itself, and the terminal includes the vehicle's digital key. Upon successful pairing, the terminal sends control commands for the digital key to the vehicle-side component.

[0059] In this implementation, upon successful pairing, the terminal sends digital key control commands to the vehicle via the established communication connection, thereby enhancing the security of the control commands. Sending digital key control commands to the vehicle enables control of the vehicle.

[0060] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide yet another digital key pairing method, which includes: after receiving a key request from a terminal, performing a first process on target information to obtain third pairing information, wherein the key request is used to request the issuance of a digital key, and the target information includes information for determining a first pairing code, the first pairing code including a pairing code used by the terminal and the vehicle to pair. The digital key and the third pairing information are then sent to the terminal, wherein the vehicle determines the first pairing code based on the third pairing information from the terminal.

[0061] In this embodiment, the digital key pairing method in the third aspect can be applied to a server. In this digital key pairing method, after receiving a key request from a terminal, the server performs a first process on the target information to obtain third pairing information. The target information includes information for determining a first pairing code, which includes the pairing code used by the terminal to pair with the vehicle. This yields third pairing information that differs from the target information but may include it. The server then sends the digital key and the third pairing information to the terminal. Since sending the digital key to the terminal is done after determining that the terminal is authorized to use the device corresponding to the digital key in the vehicle, sending the third pairing information to the terminal enables the device authorized to use the vehicle corresponding to the digital key to possess the third pairing information. Thus, when the terminal pairs with the vehicle, it can send the third pairing information to the vehicle, allowing the vehicle to obtain the target information based on the third pairing information and subsequently determine the first pairing code based on the target information.

[0062] In one implementation, when the target information includes a first pairing code and the third pairing information includes pairing code information, the server performs a first process on the first pairing code to obtain the pairing code information.

[0063] In one implementation, when the target information includes a pairing code factor and the first pairing code is obtained by performing a third processing on the pairing code factor, the server performs a first processing on the pairing code factor to obtain pairing code factor information, and at this time the third pairing information includes the pairing code factor information.

[0064] In one implementation, when the target information includes a key factor and the key factor is used to obtain a first key, the server performs a first process on the key factor to obtain key factor information, and at this time the third pairing information includes pairing code factor information.

[0065] In one implementation, when the target information includes a third key and the first pairing code is obtained by encrypting the pairing code factor using the third key, the server performs a first process on the third key to obtain key information, at which point the third pairing information includes key information.

[0066] In one implementation, the server encrypts the target information to obtain third pairing information.

[0067] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a digital key pairing device, characterized in that it includes a unit for performing the method described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, or includes a unit for performing the method described in the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, or includes a unit for performing the method described in the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect.

[0068] For example, the digital key pairing device includes a processing unit and a communication unit. The processing unit performs one or more operations such as processing, determining, generating, encrypting, and decrypting. The communication unit performs one or more operations such as sending and receiving.

[0069] Fifthly, this application provides a chip including a processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices (including nodes) and transmit them to the processor, or to send signals from the processor to other communication devices (including nodes). The processor is used to implement the method described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect through logic circuits or execution code instructions, or to implement the method described in the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, or to implement the method described in the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect.

[0070] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a vehicle including a digital key pairing device. The digital key pairing device includes a processor and a memory, the memory for storing computer instructions, and the processor for calling the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the method described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0071] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a terminal including a digital key pairing device. The digital key pairing device includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor calling the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the method described in the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0072] Eighthly, this application provides a server including a digital key pairing device. The digital key pairing device includes a processor and a memory, the memory for storing computer instructions, and the processor for calling the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the method described in the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect.

[0073] Ninthly, this application provides a digital key pairing system, which includes one or more of the following: a first digital key pairing device, a second digital key pairing device, and a third digital key pairing device, wherein the first digital key pairing device is used to implement the method described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, the second digital key pairing device is used to implement the method described in the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, and the third digital key pairing device is used to implement the method described in the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect.

[0074] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes a communication device including a processor to implement the method described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, or to implement the method described in the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, or to implement the method described in the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect.

[0075] In one aspect, this application provides a computer program product that, when executed by a processor, causes a communication device including a processor to implement the method described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, or to implement the method described in the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, or to implement the method described in the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0076] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0077] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for a terminal to apply for a digital key for a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0078] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a digital key pairing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0079] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another digital key pairing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0080] Figure 4a is a schematic flowchart of a pairing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0081] Figure 4b is a schematic diagram of a scenario where the pairing method shown in Figure 4a is used to defend against attacks, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0082] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a digital key pairing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating another digital key pairing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 7 is an architecture diagram of another digital key pairing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating another digital key pairing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0086] Figure 9 is an architecture diagram of another digital key pairing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating another digital key pairing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0088] Figure 11 is an architecture diagram of another digital key pairing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0089] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating another digital key pairing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 13 is an architecture diagram of another digital key pairing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 14 is an architecture diagram of another digital key pairing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figure 15 is a structural schematic diagram of a digital key pairing device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0093] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of another digital key pairing device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0094] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0095] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0096] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terminology and / or descriptions between the various embodiments of this application are consistent and can be mutually referenced, and technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0097] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, "more than one" means two or more, "at least two (items)" means two or three or more, and "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0098] To enhance vehicle convenience, most vehicles now support control via digital keys. After successfully applying for a digital key for the vehicle through a terminal, the user can send control commands to the vehicle's terminal via the terminal to control the vehicle. The terminal is an electronic device with communication capabilities; optionally, it includes mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and smart wearable devices, such as smartwatches, smart bracelets, and smart glasses. The vehicle terminal includes an electronic device with communication capabilities and is deployed within the vehicle. Optionally, the vehicle terminal includes a terminal deployed within the vehicle, such as an ECU. Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of a process for applying for a digital key for a vehicle using a terminal, according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the user first logs into their account on the terminal's application (APP). This APP is used to control the vehicle, and the account includes the user's identity information, the terminal's identity information, and information about the vehicle being used. For example, the user's identity information includes their mobile phone number and username. The terminal's identity information includes its International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) and Media Access Control (MAC) address (also known as LAN address, hardware address, or physical address). The vehicle's information includes its VIN, IMEI, and MAC address. After logging in, the user requests a digital key for the vehicle from the server. The server, based on the logged-in account, determines the user's identity, the terminal's identity, and the vehicle's information. If the server determines that the terminal is authorized to use the user's vehicle based on the user's and terminal's identity information, and determines the vehicle's digital key based on the vehicle's information, it sends the digital key to the terminal. Thus, the terminal successfully requests the vehicle's digital key via the app.

[0099] Before the terminal sends the digital key control command to the vehicle for the first time, the terminal needs to establish a communication connection with the vehicle through pairing. After establishing the communication connection, the terminal then sends the digital key control command to the vehicle through this connection, which improves the security of the digital key control command transmission. For example, after the user completes Bluetooth pairing with the vehicle using their mobile phone, once the mobile phone receives the user's command to open the vehicle door with the digital key, the mobile phone can send the digital key door opening command to the vehicle through the established Bluetooth connection between the mobile phone and the vehicle, allowing the vehicle to control the vehicle door opening.

[0100] In traditional pairing methods, the terminal and the vehicle are paired based on a default pairing code, such as the "just works" pairing mode in Bluetooth pairing. Because the pairing code is default, it is easy for third parties other than the terminal and the vehicle to crack, resulting in low security for this method.

[0101] To improve pairing security, methods have emerged that require the same pairing code to be set on both the terminal and the vehicle, such as the passkey entry pairing method in Bluetooth pairing. However, this method requires the user to enter the same pairing code on both the terminal and the vehicle, which increases the complexity of the user operation and leads to a poor user experience.

[0102] Based on this, this application proposes a digital key pairing method, which can be applied to a digital key pairing system. The digital key pairing system includes a server, a terminal, and a vehicle, and data transmission is possible between the server and the terminal. Optionally, the server and terminal transmit data via long-distance communication, for example, through a mobile communication network. In this digital key pairing method, the server can issue a digital key for the vehicle to the terminal. After obtaining the digital key, the terminal can pair with the vehicle using this digital key pairing method before its first use. Specifically, the terminal sends information to the vehicle to determine a first pairing code. The vehicle, upon receiving this information, determines the first pairing code based on it. The first pairing code includes the pairing code used by the terminal and the vehicle for pairing. Thus, when both the terminal and the vehicle use the first pairing code for pairing, pairing can be completed. Since this digital key pairing method enables pairing between the terminal and the vehicle without user intervention, it improves the user experience.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a digital key pairing system provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, the digital key pairing system includes a server 11, a terminal 12, and a vehicle terminal 13. A communication connection exists between the server 11 and the terminal 12, through which they can transmit data, such as the server 11 sending a digital key to the terminal 12. A communication connection also exists between the terminal 12 and the vehicle terminal 13, through which they can transmit data.

[0104] To better understand how the digital key pairing system implements the digital key pairing method, please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another digital key pairing system provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the digital key pairing system includes a server 11, a terminal 12, and a vehicle terminal 13. The server 11 includes a digital key service 111, which can be used to generate a digital key for the vehicle. The digital key service 111 includes a generation module 1111 and a first processing module 1112, wherein the generation module 1111 is used to generate a first pairing code, and / or, the generation module 1111 is used to obtain third pairing information by performing a first processing on the target information, wherein the first pairing code includes the pairing code used by the terminal 12 and the vehicle terminal 13 for pairing, and the target information includes information used to determine the first pairing code, that is, the first pairing code can be determined according to the target information. The first processing module 1112 is used to perform a first processing on the target information to obtain the third pairing information. The first processing can be any method of data processing; for example, the first processing can be encryption using a key, as shown in Figure 3. The first processing module 1112 of the digital key service 111 is pre-installed during production, meaning it is pre-installed within the digital key service 111 on the server 11 during production. Optionally, the first processing module 1112 is a software module (e.g., a computer program, computer code, computer instructions, etc.). After generating the vehicle's digital key and the third pairing information, the digital key service 111 sends the digital key and the third pairing information to the terminal. Optionally, if the generation module 1111 generates a first pairing code, the digital key service 111 also sends a second pairing code to the terminal.

[0105] Terminal 12 includes a digital key module 121 and a pairing module 122. Digital key module 121 generates first pairing information based on third pairing information from server 11 and sends the first pairing information to pairing module 122. The first pairing information includes the third pairing information, meaning it includes information obtained by performing a first processing on the target information. In one possible implementation, digital key module 121 uses the third pairing information as the first pairing information. In another possible implementation, the information sent by terminal 12 to vehicle terminal 13 includes ciphertext obtained by encrypting the first pairing code using a first key. Vehicle terminal 13 needs to decrypt the ciphertext using the first key to obtain the first pairing code. In this case, the information used to determine the first pairing code includes information used to determine the first key. For example, the information used to determine the first key includes the first key itself. Alternatively, the first key can be calculated using a key factor using other keys. The information used to obtain the first key includes the key factor, which can be any information; optionally, the key factor includes a string. In this case, the third pairing information is obtained by performing the first processing on the information used to obtain the first key. Terminal 12 uses the first key to encrypt the first pairing code to obtain pairing code information, and then uses the pairing code information and the third pairing information as the first pairing information.

[0106] The digital key module 121 is also used to set the first pairing code as the pairing code used for pairing with the vehicle terminal 13, so that the pairing module 122 can pair with the vehicle terminal 13 using the first pairing code. Specifically, if the digital key module 121 does not receive the first pairing code from the server 11, the digital key module 121 generates the first pairing code; if the digital key module 121 receives the first pairing code from the server 11, it sets the received first pairing code as the pairing code used for pairing with the vehicle terminal 13. The pairing module 122 is used to send first pairing information to the vehicle terminal 13 and to pair with the vehicle terminal 13 using the first pairing code.

[0107] The vehicle terminal 13 includes a digital key master control module 131 and a pairing module 132. The digital key master control module 131 includes a second processing module 1311, which performs second processing on the first pairing information. The second processing on the information obtained after the first processing includes the information before the first processing. For example, if the first processing on the target information involves encrypting the target information using a key, then the second processing could be decrypting the encrypted target information using the key to obtain the target information. As shown in Figure 3, the second processing module 1311 is also pre-installed during production; that is, the second processing module 1311 is pre-installed in the digital key master control module 131 of the vehicle terminal 13 during production. Since the second processing module 1311 can obtain the target information by performing second processing on the first pairing information from the terminal 12, and the first pairing code can be determined based on the target information, the first pairing code can be obtained by performing second processing on the first pairing information through the second processing module 1311. After obtaining the first pairing code, the digital key master control module 131 sets the first pairing code as the pairing code used to pair with the terminal 12, and enables the pairing module 132 to pair with the terminal 12 using the first pairing code.

[0108] In the digital key pairing system, since the first pairing code is not the default pairing code, terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 pair based on the first pairing code, enabling pairing between terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 via a password-based pairing method. Specifically, vehicle terminal 13 can obtain target information by receiving the first pairing information from terminal 12, and then determine the first pairing code based on the target information, thereby pairing with the terminal based on the first pairing code. This allows pairing between terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 without user intervention, thereby improving the user experience. Furthermore, since the first pairing information is obtained by performing a first processing on the target information (which can be implemented by server 11), and vehicle terminal 13 can obtain the target information by performing a second processing on the first pairing information through the second processing module 1311, terminal 12 can send the target information to vehicle terminal 13 by sending the first pairing information, thus improving the security of target information transmission.

[0109] To address the issue of high user complexity and poor user experience caused by requiring users to input the same pairing code on both the terminal and vehicle side using the passkey entry pairing method, some methods involve the vehicle side performing pre-processing on pairing code factors to obtain the pairing code. For example, the pairing code factor can be calculated using a key. The pairing code factor can be any information, optionally including strings, such as random numbers. The vehicle side broadcasts the pairing code factor used to generate the pairing code to the terminal via short-range communication. The terminal then sends the pairing code factor to the server via a mobile communication network. The server performs pre-processing on the pairing code factor to obtain the pairing code and sends it back to the terminal via the mobile communication network. The terminal and vehicle side then pair based on the same pairing code, thus achieving pairing without user intervention. However, this method requires the terminal to obtain the pairing code from the server via a mobile communication network. Therefore, if the terminal's mobile communication network is weak, the success rate and efficiency of obtaining the pairing code from the server are low, resulting in low success rate and efficiency of pairing between the terminal and vehicle side.

[0110] As an optional implementation, to address the issues of low success rate and low efficiency in vehicle-side pairing, in the digital key pairing system, terminal 12 and vehicle 13 transmit data via short-range communication. Specifically, terminal 12 sends first pairing information to vehicle 13 via short-range communication. Short-range communication technologies include Bluetooth, SparkLink (or Near Link), ZigBee, radio frequency identification (RFID), ultra-wideband (UWB), or other wireless short-range communication systems. Since short-range communication does not rely on a mobile communication network, in this implementation, terminal 12 sending the first pairing information to vehicle 13 does not depend on a mobile communication network. Therefore, even if the vehicle is in an area with poor mobile communication network coverage, vehicle 13 can still receive the first pairing information from terminal 12 via short-range communication, determine a first pairing code based on the first pairing information, and use the first pairing code to pair with terminal 12. Furthermore, since the first pairing code of terminal 12 is generated by terminal 12 or obtained from server 11, and terminal 12 obtains the first pairing code from server 11 by applying for a digital key before pairing with vehicle terminal 13, even if the mobile communication network of terminal 12 is poor, it will not affect terminal 12's possession of the first pairing code during pairing. When poor mobile communication network has no impact on either terminal 12 or vehicle terminal 13's possession of the first pairing code, the pairing success rate and efficiency of terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 can be improved.

[0111] In one possible scenario, both terminal 12 and vehicle 13 are located in an underground parking lot with poor mobile communication network. The digital key pairing method provided in this application embodiment allows pairing of terminal 12 and vehicle 13 without using a mobile communication network. In another possible scenario, both terminal 12 and vehicle 13 are located outdoors with poor mobile communication network. The digital key pairing method provided in this application embodiment allows pairing of terminal 12 and vehicle 13 without using a CMC (Cellular Key Matching System).

[0112] Please refer to Figure 4a, which is a flowchart illustrating a pairing method provided in an embodiment of this application. This pairing method is for pairing the terminal with the vehicle before the terminal uses the digital key for the first time. The pairing process shown in Figure 4a is the pairing process when the terminal and the vehicle transmit data via Bluetooth. As shown in Figure 4a, the application (APP) running on the terminal displays: "Connect and pair with the vehicle, please turn on Bluetooth," and a "Confirm" virtual button is displayed. After the user clicks the "Confirm" virtual button, the terminal automatically fills in the first pairing code: 238395, and turns on Bluetooth. The vehicle determines the first pairing code: 238395 based on the first pairing information sent by the terminal. The terminal and the vehicle can then pair using the first pairing code.

[0113] Please refer to Figure 4b, which is a schematic diagram of a scenario where the pairing method shown in Figure 4a is used to defend against attacks according to an embodiment of this application. In the attack scenario shown in Figure 4b, when an attacker (which can be any electronic device other than the aforementioned terminal and vehicle) attempts to establish a Bluetooth connection with the vehicle, a prompt box will pop up saying "Please enter pairing code:". If the attacker does not enter the correct pairing code, a connection cannot be established with the vehicle.

[0114] The following will describe in detail how the digital key pairing system implements the digital key pairing method. Please refer to Figure 5, which is a flowchart illustrating a digital key pairing method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0115] 501. The terminal sends a key request to the server, and the server receives the key request from the terminal accordingly.

[0116] The meaning of "terminal" in the digital key pairing method provided in this application can be found in the preceding description of the terminal; for example, a terminal is an electronic device with communication capabilities. Optionally, the server in the digital key pairing method is server 11 in the digital key pairing system shown in Figure 2. The terminal in the digital key pairing method is terminal 12 in the digital key pairing system shown in Figure 2.

[0117] A key request is used to request the issuance of a digital key. In one possible implementation, the terminal sends a key request to the server via an app to apply for the vehicle's digital key. The process of the terminal sending a key request to the server can be seen in Figure 1 and the previous description of Figure 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0118] 502. The server performs the first processing on the target information to obtain the third pairing information.

[0119] The target information includes information for determining a first pairing code. The first pairing code includes the pairing code used for pairing the terminal and the vehicle; that is, the first pairing code can be determined based on the target information. Optionally, the target information includes one or more of the following: a first pairing code, information for generating the first pairing code, and information for decrypting the ciphertext of the first pairing code. In one possible implementation, the target information includes a first pairing code. In another possible implementation, the target information includes a pairing code factor for generating the first pairing code. The first pairing code can be obtained by processing the pairing code factor. The pairing code factor, as mentioned above, can be any information. For example, if the pairing code factor is 123456, the first pairing code can be generated by calculating 123456 using a key. The processing performed on the pairing code factor includes encryption and encoding. In yet another possible implementation, the target information includes a key for generating the first pairing code. The first pairing code can be generated by calculating the pairing code factor using this key.

[0120] The first processing step converts information into information different from the information processed in the first processing step. For example, performing the first processing on information a yields information b, where information a and information b are different. By performing the first processing on the target information, information different from the target information can be obtained. Transmitting this information as a carrier of the target information improves the security of the target information.

[0121] In one possible implementation, the first processing includes encryption, and performing the first processing on the target information includes encrypting the target information. Optionally, the first processing includes encryption using a key, and performing the first processing on the target information includes encrypting the target information using the key. In another possible implementation, the first processing includes encrypting the target information and signing the encrypted ciphertext. By signing the encrypted ciphertext, the vehicle's identity information corresponding to the digital key can be added to the ciphertext. At this time, the third pairing information obtained by performing the first processing on the target information includes the vehicle's identity information. Optionally, the signature can be implemented using an asymmetric key or a symmetric key. Optionally, the first processing includes implementation based on a counting and Galois / counter mode (GCM) algorithm.

[0122] In another possible implementation, the first processing includes processing the target information using a preset algorithm. Performing the first processing on the target information involves processing the target information using the preset algorithm. For example, the preset algorithm is a mathematical model; processing the target information using the preset algorithm could involve using the target information as input to the mathematical model, and the output of the mathematical model being the result of performing the first processing on the target information. As another example, the first processing includes encoding; performing the first processing on the target information involves encoding the target information.

[0123] The server can obtain third pairing information, which is different from the target information, by performing a first process on the target information, wherein the third pairing information serves as the carrier of the target information. Optionally, the third pairing information is obtained by performing the first process on all or part of the target information. In one possible implementation, the target information includes a first pairing code, and the server obtains the third pairing information by performing the first process on the first pairing code. In another possible implementation, the target information includes a pairing code factor, and the server obtains the third pairing information by performing the first process on the pairing code factor.

[0124] 503. The server sends the digital key and third pairing information to the terminal.

[0125] After receiving the third pairing information, the server sends the digital key and the third pairing information to the terminal in response to the terminal's key request. Optionally, the server sends the digital key and the third pairing information to the terminal only if it determines that the terminal is authorized to use the device corresponding to the digital key. This improves the security of both the digital key and the third pairing information. For example, if the server determines that the terminal is authorized to use the device of vehicle v, it sends the digital key of vehicle v and the third pairing information to the terminal.

[0126] Since the third pairing information serves as the carrier of the target information, and the target information includes information used to determine the first pairing code, the third pairing information can be used to determine the first pairing code. Furthermore, because the third pairing information is obtained by performing the first processing on the target information, and the vehicle terminal corresponding to the digital key has the capability to perform the second processing—where the second processing on the information obtained after the first processing includes the information before the first processing—when the server sends the third pairing information to the terminal, and the vehicle terminal receives the third pairing information from the terminal, the vehicle terminal can determine the first pairing code based on the third pairing information.

[0127] 504. The terminal obtains the first pairing information based on the third pairing information.

[0128] The terminal generates first pairing information based on third pairing information from the server. The first pairing information includes the third pairing information, that is, the first pairing information includes information obtained by performing a first processing on the target information. The specific implementation process of this step can be found in the previous description of "digital key module 121 for generating first pairing information based on third pairing information from server 11", which will not be repeated here.

[0129] 505. The terminal sends the first pairing information to the vehicle terminal, and the vehicle terminal receives the first pairing information from the terminal accordingly.

[0130] In one possible implementation, the terminal sends first pairing information to the vehicle via short-range communication. Optionally, the terminal sends the first pairing information to the vehicle via short-range communication during the broadcast phase of the short-range communication. This allows data transmission between the terminal and the vehicle to be independent of the mobile communication network, enabling data transmission even when the terminal and / or the vehicle are in areas with poor mobile communication network conditions.

[0131] By executing step 505, the terminal can send first pairing information carrying target information to the vehicle, enabling the vehicle to further determine a first pairing code based on the received first pairing information. The terminal then uses the first pairing code to pair with the vehicle, achieving pairing between the terminal and the vehicle without user intervention, thereby improving the user experience.

[0132] 506. The vehicle-side performs a second process on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code.

[0133] The meaning of "vehicle terminal" in the digital key pairing method provided in this application can be found in the previous description of the vehicle terminal, such as including electronic devices with communication capabilities, and the vehicle terminal being deployed in a vehicle. Optionally, the vehicle terminal in the digital key pairing method is vehicle terminal 13 in the digital key pairing system shown in Figure 2.

[0134] The information obtained by performing a second process on the information obtained after the first processing includes the information before the first processing. In one possible implementation, the first processing includes encryption, and the second processing includes decryption. For example, the third paired information obtained by encrypting the plaintext of the target information is the ciphertext of the target information, and the plaintext of the target information can be obtained by decrypting the ciphertext of the target information. In another possible implementation, the first processing includes encryption using a key, and the second processing includes decryption using a key. In this implementation, since the server and the vehicle end hold the same key, the vehicle end has the ability to decrypt the ciphertext obtained by the server using the key. Specifically, the third paired information obtained by the server encrypting the plaintext of the target information using the key is the ciphertext of the target information, and the vehicle end can obtain the plaintext of the target information by decrypting the ciphertext of the target information using the same key. Moreover, since the terminal transmits the target information in an encrypted manner, and the vehicle end obtains the target information in a decrypted manner, the confidentiality of the target information can be guaranteed.

[0135] Optionally, if the first processing includes encryption, the vehicle-side device, after the first pairing information has passed authentication, decrypts the first pairing information to obtain a first pairing code. Authentication includes verifying the signature of the first pairing information to determine if the vehicle identity information carried in the signature matches the identity information of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle-side device. If so, the first pairing information is determined to have passed authentication; otherwise, it is determined to have failed authentication. Passing authentication indicates that the terminal is authorized to use the device of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle-side device, thus enabling the vehicle-side device to pair with the terminal, improving pairing security. Furthermore, by decrypting the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code after authentication, the vehicle-side device reduces the probability of the first pairing information being tampered with by devices not authorized to use the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle-side device, thereby improving the integrity and legitimacy of the first pairing code obtained from the first pairing information.

[0136] In another possible implementation, the first processing includes processing using a preset algorithm, and the second processing includes restoring the information obtained by the preset algorithm back to the information before processing by the preset algorithm. The vehicle-side device can obtain target information by performing the second processing on the first pairing information, and then determine the first pairing code based on the target information.

[0137] Since the first pairing information includes target information, after the vehicle receives the first pairing information from the terminal in step 506, it can obtain the first pairing code by performing the second processing on the first pairing information. Then, the first pairing code can be used to pair with the terminal, thereby enabling the pairing of the terminal and the vehicle without user intervention, which can improve the user experience.

[0138] 507. The terminal and the vehicle use the first pairing code to pair.

[0139] This step includes the terminal pairing with the vehicle using a first pairing code, and the vehicle pairing with the terminal using the first pairing code. If both the terminal and the vehicle possess the first pairing code, they can pair using it. It should be understood that the first pairing code used by the terminal for pairing can be from a server or generated by the terminal itself.

[0140] In the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5, the terminal requests a digital key from the server and obtains the digital key and third pairing information issued by the server. Based on the third pairing information, the terminal then obtains first pairing information and sends it to the vehicle. Since the first pairing information includes information obtained by performing a first processing on the target information, and the information obtained by performing a second processing on the information obtained after the first processing includes information before the first processing, the vehicle can obtain a first pairing code by performing a second processing on the first pairing information. The terminal and the vehicle can then pair based on the first pairing code. After pairing is complete, the terminal can send control commands for the digital key to the vehicle based on the established communication connection, thereby enabling vehicle control via the digital key. Because the pairing between the terminal and the vehicle does not require user intervention, the user experience is improved.

[0141] As an optional implementation, the terminal and the vehicle transmit first pairing information via short-range communication. Since the process of the terminal obtaining third pairing information from the server is completed before the terminal and the vehicle pairing, this process is unaffected by the mobile communication network conditions of the terminal and / or the vehicle (e.g., the terminal user can obtain the third pairing information from the server if the terminal's mobile communication network conditions support it). Therefore, the terminal obtaining the third pairing information is unaffected by the mobile communication network conditions of the terminal and / or the vehicle. After the terminal obtains the first pairing information based on the third pairing information, it sends the first pairing information to the vehicle via short-range communication, ensuring that the pairing between the terminal and the vehicle is unaffected by the mobile communication network conditions of the terminal and / or the vehicle. Therefore, when the terminal and the vehicle transmit the first pairing information via short-range communication, the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5 can complete the pairing between the terminal and the vehicle without being affected by the mobile communication network conditions of the terminal and / or the vehicle.

[0142] As an optional implementation, after the vehicle-mounted device pairs with the terminal using the first pairing code, it further performs the following steps: if the pairing is successful, it stores the first pairing information; after storing the first pairing information, it receives the second pairing information; if the first pairing information and the second pairing information are the same, it refuses to pair with the device that sent the second pairing information.

[0143] After successful pairing, both devices store keys for subsequent pairings (e.g., TK, STK, LTK) so they can be used directly for pairing the next time. This means that two successfully paired devices typically won't pair again using the pairing information from the first pairing. If either of the two successfully paired devices receives the pairing information from the first pairing, the probability of this pairing being a replay attack is high. Therefore, upon successful pairing, the first pairing information is stored; after storing the first pairing information, the second pairing information is received; if the first and second pairing information are identical, pairing with the device that sent the second pairing information is refused, thus reducing the probability of being affected by replay attacks.

[0144] Optionally, the time when the vehicle receives the first pairing information is designated as the first time, and the time when the vehicle receives the second pairing information is designated as the second time. If the first pairing information and the second pairing information are identical, and the time difference between the first time and the second time is greater than or equal to a time threshold, the vehicle will refuse to pair with the device that sent the second pairing information.

[0145] As an optional implementation, the vehicle-mounted terminal is part of the vehicle. After successful pairing, a connection is established between the terminal and the vehicle. Subsequent data transmission via this pairing connection enhances security. For example, the terminal and vehicle can establish a Bluetooth connection through pairing, and subsequent data transmission via Bluetooth further improves security. Therefore, after pairing with the vehicle using a first pairing code, the terminal can send control commands for the vehicle's digital key to the vehicle via the established connection. Upon receiving these commands, the vehicle can control the vehicle accordingly. For instance, by sending digital key control commands, the terminal can unlock or close the doors, start the vehicle, or activate the air conditioning.

[0146] Optionally, if the terminal is located outside the vehicle, then the terminal and the vehicle can be paired based on the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5. This allows the pairing of the terminal and the vehicle to be completed without the terminal needing to enter the vehicle, and the user can then control the vehicle through the terminal without entering the vehicle.

[0147] In one possible scenario, both the user and the vehicle are in an underground parking lot. Due to the poor mobile communication network in the underground parking lot, it is difficult for both the user's terminal and the vehicle's terminal to transmit data via the mobile communication network, thus making it difficult for the terminal and vehicle to obtain the first pairing code. However, based on the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5, the user's terminal and the vehicle's terminal can transmit data via short-range communication. Therefore, based on the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5, even when at least one of the terminal and vehicle terminals has a poor mobile communication network, the terminal and vehicle terminals can still transmit information for determining the first pairing code via short-range communication, thereby enabling both the terminal and vehicle terminals to possess the first pairing code. In this way, even if the terminal does not enter the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle terminal, the terminal and vehicle terminal can still pair based on a non-default pairing code (i.e., the first pairing code). Therefore, before the user enters the vehicle, the user can control the terminal to pair with the vehicle terminal via short-range communication, and if pairing is successful, a short-range communication connection is established between the terminal and the vehicle terminal. The user can then control the terminal to send digital key control commands to the vehicle terminal via this short-range communication to control the vehicle.

[0148] As an optional implementation, the target information and first pairing information in the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5 may include the following:

[0149] 1. The target information includes pairing code factors, and the first pairing information includes information obtained by performing a first processing on the pairing code factors, wherein the first pairing code is obtained based on performing a third processing on the pairing code factors.

[0150] 2. The target information includes a key factor, and the first pairing information includes key factor information obtained by performing a first operation on the key factor, and pairing code information obtained by encrypting the first pairing code using the first key, wherein the first key is obtained based on the key factor.

[0151] 3. The target information includes a third key, and the first pairing information includes information obtained by performing a first processing on the third key, wherein the first pairing code is obtained by processing the pairing code factor based on the third key.

[0152] 4. The target information includes a first pairing code, and the first processing includes information obtained by performing the first processing on the first pairing code.

[0153] The following will elaborate on the four scenarios described above. Please refer to Figure 6, which is a flowchart illustrating another digital key pairing method provided in this application embodiment. The digital key pairing method shown in Figure 6 can achieve pairing between the terminal and the vehicle in the first scenario described above. This digital key pairing method is applied in the field of digital key technology, such as pairing between the terminal and the vehicle before the terminal uses the digital key to control the vehicle. It is understood that the steps in this digital key pairing method can be considered as reasonable modifications or supplements to the embodiment in Figure 5 above; or, it is understood that the digital key pairing method in this digital key pairing method can also be considered as an embodiment that can be executed independently, and this application does not limit this. It is understood that the related devices (including the server, terminal, and vehicle) involved in this digital key pairing method can be referred to the relevant description of the related devices (including the server, terminal, and vehicle) in the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0154] 601. The terminal sends a key request to the server, and the server receives the key request from the terminal accordingly.

[0155] The implementation of step 601 is the same as that of step 501, and will not be repeated here.

[0156] 602. The server performs the first processing on the pairing code factor to obtain the pairing code factor information.

[0157] In one possible implementation, the pairing code factor can be generated by the server. In another possible implementation, the pairing code factor is generated by the terminal, which then sends the pairing code factor to the server. For example, a key request sent by the terminal to the server includes the pairing code factor.

[0158] 603. The server sends the digital key and pairing code factor information to the terminal.

[0159] After receiving the pairing code factor information, the server sends the digital key and pairing code factor information to the terminal in response to the terminal's key request. Optionally, the server sends the digital key and pairing code factor information to the terminal only if it determines that the terminal is authorized to use the device of the vehicle corresponding to the digital key.

[0160] 604. The terminal receives the pairing code factor information from the server as the first pairing information.

[0161] 605. The terminal sends the first pairing information to the vehicle terminal, and the vehicle terminal receives the first pairing information from the terminal accordingly.

[0162] The implementation of step 605 is the same as that of step 505, and will not be described again here.

[0163] 606. The vehicle-side performs the second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the pairing code factor.

[0164] Since the information in the first pairing information before the first processing is the pairing code factor, the vehicle end can perform the second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the pairing code factor.

[0165] 607. The vehicle end performs the third processing on the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code.

[0166] In one possible implementation, the third process includes encryption, where the vehicle-side encrypts the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code. Optionally, in this implementation, the server encrypts the pairing code factor in the same way as the vehicle-side to obtain the first pairing code, and then sends the first pairing code to the terminal. For example, the server and the vehicle-side hold the same first shared key; the server uses the first shared key to encrypt the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code and sends it to the terminal. After receiving the pairing code factor, the vehicle-side encrypts the pairing code factor using the first shared key to obtain the first pairing code.

[0167] 608. The terminal and the vehicle use the first pairing code to pair.

[0168] The implementation of step 608 is the same as that of step 507, and will not be described again here.

[0169] In this digital key pairing method, the first pairing code is obtained by performing a third process on the pairing code factor, while the pairing code factor information is obtained by the server performing a first process on the pairing code factor. After the terminal receives the pairing code factor information from the server, it sends the pairing code factor information as the first pairing information to the vehicle. The vehicle can then obtain the pairing code factor by performing a second process on the first pairing information, and further obtain the first pairing code by performing a third process on the pairing code factor. When both the terminal and the vehicle possess the first pairing code, they can pair using it. This allows for pairing between the terminal and the vehicle without user intervention.

[0170] Please refer to Figure 7, which is an architecture diagram of another digital key pairing system provided in this application embodiment. The digital key system shown in Figure 7 can be used to execute the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 6. As shown in Figure 7, the digital key pairing system includes a server 11, a terminal 12, and a vehicle terminal 13. The server 11 includes a digital key service 111, which includes a generation module 1111 and a first processing module 1112. The generation module 1111 is used to obtain a first pairing code and a pairing code factor. The first processing module 1112 includes a first shared key and a second shared key. Optionally, the shared keys in this application embodiment (including the first shared key, the second shared key, and the third and fourth shared keys mentioned below) can all be generated based on the vehicle's identity information. For example, the shared key can be generated based on the vehicle's MAC address or the vehicle identification number (VIN). Since the vehicle's identity information is unique, the shared key generated based on the vehicle's identity information is also unique, thereby improving the security of subsequent encryption and decryption based on the shared key.

[0171] After terminal 12 sends a key request to server 11 (i.e., step 1 in Figure 7), digital key service 111 generates a digital key for the vehicle (i.e., step 2.1 in Figure 7), generation module 1111 generates a pairing code factor (i.e., step 2.2 in Figure 7), and generation module 1111 encrypts the pairing code factor using a first shared key to obtain a first pairing code (i.e., step 2.3 in Figure 7). After obtaining the first pairing code, digital key service 111 encrypts the first pairing code using a second shared key to obtain pairing code factor information (i.e., step 2.4 in Figure 7). After obtaining the digital key, the first pairing code, and the pairing code factor information, server 11 sends the digital key, the first pairing code, and the pairing code factor information to terminal 12 (i.e., step 3 in Figure 7) in response to the key request.

[0172] Terminal 12 includes a digital key module 121 and a pairing module 122. After receiving pairing code factor information from server 11, digital key module 121 sends the pairing code factor information to vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast (i.e., step 4 in Figure 7). Specifically, during the broadcast phase of short-range communication, pairing code factor information is sent to vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast. For example, short-range communication includes Bluetooth, and pairing code factor information is sent to vehicle terminal 13 via Bluetooth broadcast. After receiving the first pairing code from server 11, digital key module 121 sets the first pairing code as the pairing code used for pairing with vehicle terminal 13 (i.e., step 5 in Figure 7), so that pairing module 122 uses the first pairing code to pair with vehicle terminal 13.

[0173] The vehicle terminal 13 includes a digital key master control module 131 and a pairing module 132. The digital key master control module 131 includes a second processing module 1311, which includes a first shared key and a second shared key. After receiving pairing code factor information from the terminal 12 via broadcast (i.e., step 6 in Figure 7), the pairing module 132 obtains the pairing code factor and the first pairing code through the second processing module 1311 (i.e., step 7 in Figure 7). Specifically, it first decrypts the pairing code factor information using the second shared key to obtain the pairing code factor, and then encrypts the pairing code factor using the first shared key to obtain the first pairing code. After obtaining the first pairing code, the digital key master control module 131 sets the first pairing code as the pairing code used for pairing with the terminal 12 (i.e., step 8 in Figure 7), so that the pairing module 132 uses the first pairing code to pair with the terminal 12.

[0174] When both terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 have the first pairing code, the pairing module 122 of terminal 12 and the pairing module 132 of vehicle terminal 13 pair with each other using the first pairing code. Both pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 include modules for short-range communication. For example, both pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 are modules for Bluetooth communication or modules for Star Flash communication.

[0175] In the digital key pairing system shown in Figure 7, the first pairing code is obtained by the server 11 encrypting the pairing code factor using the first shared key, and the pairing code factor information is obtained by the server 11 encrypting the pairing code factor using the second shared key. The vehicle terminal 13 also holds the first and second shared keys. Therefore, after the terminal 12 receives the pairing code factor information from the server, it broadcasts the pairing code factor information to the vehicle terminal 13 via short-range communication. The vehicle terminal 13 can then decrypt the pairing code factor information using the second shared key to obtain the pairing code factor, and further encrypt the pairing code factor using the first shared key to obtain the first pairing code. With both the terminal 12 and the vehicle terminal 13 holding the first pairing code, they can pair using the first pairing code. Thus, pairing between the terminal 12 and the vehicle terminal 13 can be achieved without user intervention. Furthermore, since both the pairing module 122 of terminal 12 and the pairing module 132 of vehicle terminal 13 are modules used for short-range communication, the communication between pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 can be independent of the mobile communication network, thereby improving the pairing success rate and efficiency in the case of poor mobile communication network.

[0176] Please refer to Figure 8, which is a flowchart illustrating another digital key pairing method provided in this application embodiment. The digital key pairing method shown in Figure 8 can achieve pairing between the terminal and the vehicle in the second scenario described above. This digital key pairing method is applied in the field of digital key technology, such as pairing between the terminal and the vehicle before the terminal uses a digital key to control the vehicle. It is understood that the steps in this digital key pairing method can be considered as reasonable variations or supplements to the embodiment in Figure 5 above; or, it is understood that the digital key pairing method in this digital key pairing method can also be considered as an embodiment that can be executed independently, and this application does not limit this. It is understood that the related devices (including the server, terminal, and vehicle) involved in this digital key pairing method can be referred to the relevant description of the related devices (including the server, terminal, and vehicle) in the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0177] 801. The terminal sends a key request to the server, and the server receives the key request from the terminal accordingly.

[0178] The implementation of step 801 is the same as that of step 501, and will not be described again here.

[0179] 802. The server performs the first processing on the key factor to obtain the key factor information.

[0180] In one possible implementation, the key factor may be generated by the server. In another possible implementation, the key factor is generated by the terminal, which then sends the key factor to the server. For example, a key request sent by the terminal to the server may include the key factor.

[0181] 803. The server sends the digital key, first key, and key factor information to the terminal.

[0182] After receiving the key factor information, the server sends the digital key, first key, and key factor information to the terminal in response to the terminal's key request. Optionally, the server sends the digital key, first key, and key factor information to the terminal only after determining that the terminal is authorized to use the device corresponding to the digital key. The first key is obtained by the server based on the key factor. Optionally, the server encrypts the key factor using a third shared key to obtain the first key.

[0183] 804. The terminal uses the first key to encrypt the first pairing code to obtain the pairing code information.

[0184] 805. The terminal obtains the first pairing information based on the key factor information and pairing code information.

[0185] In this step, the first pairing information includes key factor information and pairing code information. In one possible implementation, the terminal uses the key factor information and pairing code information as the first pairing information.

[0186] 806. The terminal sends the first pairing information to the vehicle terminal, and the vehicle terminal receives the first pairing information from the terminal accordingly.

[0187] 807. The vehicle-side performs the second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the key factor.

[0188] Since the information in the first pairing information before the first processing is the key factor, the vehicle can perform the second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the key factor.

[0189] In one possible implementation, both the server and the vehicle hold a second key, which is a shared key between them. The first process includes encrypting a key factor using the second key; that is, the server encrypts the key factor using the second key to obtain key factor information. During step 807, the vehicle performs the following steps: decrypting the key factor information using the second key to obtain the key factor.

[0190] 808. The vehicle obtains the first key based on the key factor.

[0191] The vehicle-side terminal obtains the first key based on the key factor, following the same method used by the server. In one possible implementation, the first key is obtained by performing a fourth process on the key factor; that is, the server obtains the first key by performing the fourth process on the key factor, and the vehicle-side terminal also obtains the first key by performing the fourth process on the key factor. Optionally, the server and the vehicle-side terminal hold a third shared key, and performing the fourth process on the key factor includes encrypting the key factor using the third shared key to obtain the first key.

[0192] 809. The vehicle uses the first key to decrypt the pairing code information and obtain the first pairing code.

[0193] Since the pairing code information is obtained by encrypting the first pairing code using the first key, the vehicle end uses the first key to decrypt the pairing code information to obtain the first pairing code.

[0194] 810. The terminal and the vehicle use the first pairing code to pair.

[0195] The implementation of step 810 is the same as that of step 507, and will not be described again here.

[0196] In this digital key pairing method, the server obtains a first key based on a key factor. A first process is performed on the key factor to obtain key factor information. The server then sends the first key and key factor information to the terminal. Upon receiving the first key from the server, the terminal uses the first key to encrypt a first pairing code to obtain pairing code information. Then, based on the pairing code information and the key factor information, it obtains the first pairing information. The terminal then sends the first pairing information to the vehicle. Upon receiving the first pairing information, the vehicle first performs a second process on the key factor information in the first pairing information to obtain a key factor, then obtains the first key based on the key factor, and finally uses the first key to decrypt the pairing code information in the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code. When both the terminal and the vehicle possess the first pairing code, they can pair using the first pairing code. This allows for pairing between the terminal and the vehicle without user intervention.

[0197] Please refer to Figure 9, which is an architecture diagram of another digital key pairing system provided in this application embodiment. The digital key system shown in Figure 9 can be used to execute the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 8. As shown in Figure 9, the digital key pairing system includes a server 11, a terminal 12, and a vehicle terminal 13. The server 11 includes a digital key service 111, which includes a generation module 1111 and a first processing module 1112. The generation module 1111 is used to obtain key factor information and a first key, and the first processing module 1112 includes a second key and a third shared key. After the terminal 12 sends a key request to the server 11 (i.e., step 1 in Figure 9), the digital key service 111 generates the vehicle's digital key (i.e., step 2.1 in Figure 9), the generation module 1111 generates a key factor, and uses the second key to encrypt the key factor to obtain key factor information (i.e., step 2.2 in Figure 9). The generation module 1111 uses the third shared key to encrypt the key factor to obtain the first key (i.e., step 2.3 in Figure 9). After obtaining the digital key, key factor information, and first key, server 11 sends the digital key, key factor information, and first key to terminal 12 (i.e., step 3 in Figure 9) in response to the key request.

[0198] Terminal 12 includes a digital key module 121 and a pairing module 122. After receiving a first key from server 11, digital key module 121 encrypts a first pairing code using the first key to obtain pairing code information. Optionally, the first pairing code can be randomly generated by terminal 12. Digital key module 121 then obtains first pairing information based on the pairing code information and key factor information. Pairing module 122 sends the first pairing information to vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast (i.e., step 4 in Figure 9). Specifically, during the broadcast phase of short-range communication, the first pairing information is sent to vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast. For example, short-range communication includes Bluetooth, and the first pairing information is sent to vehicle terminal 13 via Bluetooth broadcast. Digital key module 121 also sets the first pairing code as the pairing code used for pairing with vehicle terminal 13 (i.e., step 5 in Figure 9), so that pairing module 122 uses the first pairing code to pair with vehicle terminal 13.

[0199] The vehicle terminal 13 includes a digital key master control module 131 and a pairing module 132. The digital key master control module 131 includes a second processing module 1311, which includes a second key and a third shared key. After receiving first pairing information from terminal 12 via broadcast (i.e., step 6 in Figure 9), the pairing module 132 obtains a first pairing code through the second processing module 1311 (i.e., step 7 in Figure 9). Specifically, it first decrypts the first pairing information using the second key to obtain a key factor, then encrypts the key factor using the third shared key to obtain a first key, and finally decrypts the pairing code information using the first key to obtain the first pairing code. After obtaining the first pairing code, the digital key master control module 131 sets the first pairing code as the pairing code used for pairing with terminal 12 (i.e., step 8 in Figure 9), so that the pairing module 132 uses the first pairing code to pair with terminal 12.

[0200] When both terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 have the first pairing code, the pairing module 122 of terminal 12 and the pairing module 132 of vehicle terminal 13 pair with each other using the first pairing code. Both pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 include modules for short-range communication. For example, both pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 are modules for Bluetooth communication or modules for Star Flash communication.

[0201] In the digital key pairing system shown in Figure 9, server 11 encrypts key factors using a second key to obtain key factor information, and then encrypts key factors using a third shared key to obtain a first key. Server 11 then sends the first key and key factor information to terminal 12. Upon receiving the first key from the server, terminal 12 encrypts a first pairing code using the first key to obtain a pairing code. Then, based on the pairing code and key factor information, terminal 12 obtains the first pairing information. Terminal 12 then sends the first pairing information to vehicle terminal 13. Upon receiving the first pairing information, vehicle terminal 13 first decrypts the first pairing information using the second key to obtain key factors, then encrypts the key factors using the third shared key to obtain the first key, and finally decrypts the pairing code information using the first key to obtain the first pairing code. With both terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 possessing the first pairing code, they can pair using the first pairing code. This allows pairing between terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 without user intervention. Furthermore, since both the pairing module 122 of terminal 12 and the pairing module 132 of vehicle terminal 13 are modules used for short-range communication, the communication between pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 can be independent of the mobile communication network, thereby improving the pairing success rate and efficiency in the case of poor mobile communication network.

[0202] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a flowchart illustrating another digital key pairing method provided in this application embodiment. The digital key pairing method shown in Figure 10 can achieve pairing between the terminal and the vehicle in the third scenario described above. This digital key pairing method is applied in the field of digital key technology, such as pairing between the terminal and the vehicle before the terminal uses a digital key to control the vehicle. It is understood that the steps in this digital key pairing method can be considered as reasonable modifications or supplements to the embodiment in Figure 5 above; or, it is understood that the digital key pairing method in this digital key pairing method can also be considered as an embodiment that can be executed independently, and this application does not limit this. It is understood that the related devices (including the server, terminal, and vehicle) involved in this digital key pairing method can be referred to the relevant description of the related devices (including the server, terminal, and vehicle) in the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0203] 1001. Send a key request to the server, and the server receives the key request from the terminal accordingly.

[0204] The implementation of step 1001 is the same as that of step 501, and will not be repeated here.

[0205] 1002. The server performs the first processing on the third key to obtain the key information.

[0206] In this step, the third key is used to obtain the first pairing code. Specifically, the third key is used to encrypt the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code. Optionally, the third key is randomly generated by the server.

[0207] 1003. The server sends digital key and key information to the terminal.

[0208] After receiving the key information, the server sends the digital key and key information to the terminal in response to the terminal's key request. Optionally, the server sends the digital key and key information to the terminal only after determining that the terminal is authorized to use the device corresponding to the digital key. Optionally, the server also sends a third key to the terminal simultaneously with the digital key and key information, so that the terminal can use the third key to obtain the first pairing code.

[0209] 1004. The terminal receives key information from the server as the first pairing information.

[0210] 1005. The terminal sends the first pairing information to the vehicle terminal, and the vehicle terminal receives the first pairing information from the terminal.

[0211] As an optional implementation, before receiving the first pairing information from the terminal, the vehicle-mounted device further performs the following steps: randomly generating a pairing code factor; and sending the pairing code factor to the terminal. Optionally, during the broadcast phase of short-range communication, the vehicle-mounted device sends the pairing code factor to the terminal via broadcast. In this way, the terminal can use a third key to encrypt the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code.

[0212] 1006. Perform the second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the third key.

[0213] Since the information in the first pairing information before the first processing is the third key, the vehicle can obtain the third key by performing the second processing on the first pairing information.

[0214] As an optional implementation, both the server and the vehicle hold a fourth key, which is a shared key between the server and the vehicle. The server performs a first process on the third key, including encrypting the third key using the fourth key to obtain key information. Since the first pairing information sent by the terminal to the vehicle is key information, the vehicle, upon receiving the first pairing information, decrypts the first pairing information using the fourth key to obtain the third key.

[0215] 1007. Encrypt the pairing code factor using the third key to obtain the first pairing code.

[0216] 1008. The terminal and the vehicle use the first pairing code to pair.

[0217] The implementation of step 1008 is the same as that of step 507, and will not be repeated here. Optionally, before pairing with the vehicle using the first pairing code, the terminal also performs the following steps: receiving a third key from the server; encrypting the pairing code factor using the third key to obtain the first pairing code.

[0218] In this digital key pairing method, the server performs a first process on a third key to obtain key information, and then sends the key information to the terminal. Upon receiving the key information, the terminal sends it as the first pairing information to the vehicle. Upon receiving the first pairing information, the vehicle performs a second process on the first pairing information to obtain a third key, which is then used to encrypt a pairing code factor to obtain a first pairing code. With both the terminal and the vehicle possessing the first pairing code, they can pair using it. This allows for pairing between the terminal and the vehicle without user intervention.

[0219] Please refer to Figure 11. Figure 11 is an architecture diagram of another digital key pairing system provided in this application embodiment. The digital key system shown in Figure 11 can be used to execute the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 10. As shown in Figure 11, the digital key pairing system includes a server 11, a terminal 12, and a vehicle terminal 13. The server 11 includes a digital key service 111, which includes a generation module 1111 and a first processing module 1112. The generation module 1111 is used to obtain key information, and the first processing module 1112 includes a fourth key. After the terminal 12 sends a key request to the server 11 (i.e., step 1 in Figure 11), the digital key service 111 generates the vehicle's digital key (i.e., step 2.1 in Figure 11) and a third key. The generation module 1111 uses the fourth key to encrypt the third key to obtain key information (i.e., step 2.2 in Figure 11). After obtaining the digital key, the third key, and the key information, the server 11 sends the digital key, the third key, and the key information to the terminal 12 (i.e., step 3 in Figure 11) in response to the key request.

[0220] Terminal 12 includes a digital key module 121 and a pairing module 122. After receiving a third key from server 11, digital key module 121 encrypts a pairing code factor using the third key to obtain a first pairing code. The pairing code factor is obtained by pairing module 122 from vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast. After receiving key information from server 11, pairing module 122 broadcasts the key information to vehicle terminal 13. That is, pairing module 122 receives the pairing code factor from vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast and sends the key information to vehicle terminal 13 (i.e., step 4 in Figure 11). Specifically, during the broadcast phase of short-range communication, pairing code factors are received from vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast, and key information is sent to vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast. For example, short-range communication includes Bluetooth, where key information is sent to vehicle terminal 13 via Bluetooth broadcast. The digital key module 121 also sets the first pairing code as the pairing code used to pair with the vehicle terminal 13 (i.e., step 5 in Figure 11), so that the pairing module 122 can pair with the vehicle terminal 13 using the first pairing code.

[0221] The vehicle terminal 13 includes a digital key master control module 131 and a pairing module 132. The digital key master control module 131 includes a second processing module 1311, which includes a third key. Before pairing with the terminal 12, the vehicle terminal 13 generates a pairing code factor, which is then broadcast to the terminal 12 by the pairing module 132 during the broadcast phase, allowing the terminal 12 to obtain a first pairing code based on the pairing code factor. Furthermore, the pairing module 132 also receives key information from the terminal 12 during the broadcast phase. In other words, the pairing module 132 broadcasts the pairing code factor to the vehicle terminal 13 and receives key information from the terminal 12 (i.e., step 6 in Figure 11).

[0222] As an optional implementation, before receiving the first pairing information from the terminal 12, the vehicle terminal 13 further performs the following steps: randomly generating a pairing code factor, i.e., the pairing code factor is randomly generated; optionally, the pairing code factor includes a random number. In one possible implementation, the vehicle terminal 13 randomly generates a pairing code factor in such a way that two consecutive pairing code factors are generated satisfying a preset condition. Optionally, the preset condition includes that the time interval between two consecutive pairing code factors is less than or equal to an interval threshold. Optionally, the preset condition includes that the time interval between two consecutive pairing code factors is a periodic value, in which case the vehicle terminal 13 periodically generates the pairing code factor randomly, and the period is a periodic value. The larger the periodic value, the greater the probability that the pairing code factor generated by the vehicle terminal 13 can be cracked by a third party other than the terminal 12 and the vehicle terminal 13; the smaller the periodic value, the greater the data processing volume of the vehicle terminal 13 in generating the pairing code factor. Therefore, the periodic value can be set according to actual needs. Optionally, the preset condition includes that the pairing code factor generated in the latter of two consecutive pairing code factors is generated when the pairing is successfully matched based on the pairing code factor generated in the former of the two consecutive pairing code factors. In other words, after the vehicle terminal 13 successfully pairs based on the generated pairing code factor, the vehicle terminal 13 will regenerate a pairing code factor for the next pairing when pairing is required.

[0223] After the vehicle terminal 13 generates the pairing code factor and the pairing module 132 receives the key information from the terminal 12, the second processing module 1311 obtains the first pairing code (i.e., step 7 in Figure 11). Specifically, the key information is first decrypted using the fourth key to obtain the third key, and then the pairing code factor is encrypted using the third key to obtain the first pairing code. After obtaining the first pairing code, the digital key master control module 131 sets the first pairing code as the pairing code used for pairing with the terminal 12 (i.e., step 8 in Figure 11), so that the pairing module 132 uses the first pairing code to pair with the terminal 12.

[0224] When both terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 have the first pairing code, the pairing module 122 of terminal 12 and the pairing module 132 of vehicle terminal 13 pair with each other using the first pairing code. Both pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 include modules for short-range communication. For example, both pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 are modules for Bluetooth communication or modules for Star Flash communication.

[0225] In the digital key pairing system shown in Figure 11, after generating a third key and encrypting it using a fourth key to obtain key information, server 11 sends the third key and key information to terminal 12. Upon receiving the third key and key information, terminal 12 uses the third key to encrypt the pairing code factor from vehicle terminal 13 to obtain a first pairing code, and then sends the key information to vehicle terminal 13. Upon receiving the key information, vehicle terminal 13 uses the fourth key to decrypt the key information to obtain the third key, and then uses the third key to encrypt the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code. When both terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 possess the first pairing code, they can pair using it. This allows pairing between terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 without user intervention. Furthermore, since both the pairing module 122 of terminal 12 and the pairing module 132 of vehicle terminal 13 are modules for short-range communication, communication between pairing modules 122 and 132 can be independent of the mobile communication network, thereby improving the pairing success rate and efficiency even in situations with poor mobile communication networks.

[0226] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a flowchart illustrating another digital key pairing method provided in this application embodiment. The digital key pairing method shown in Figure 12 can achieve pairing between the terminal and the vehicle in the fourth scenario described above. This digital key pairing method is applied in the field of digital key technology, such as pairing between the terminal and the vehicle before the terminal uses a digital key to control the vehicle. It is understood that the steps in this digital key pairing method can be considered as reasonable modifications or supplements to the embodiment in Figure 5 above; or, it is understood that the digital key pairing method in this digital key pairing method can also be considered as an embodiment that can be executed independently, and this application does not limit this. It is understood that the related devices (including the server, terminal, and vehicle) involved in this digital key pairing method can be referred to the relevant description of the related devices (including the server, terminal, and vehicle) in the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0227] 1201. Send a key request to the server, and the server receives the key request from the terminal accordingly.

[0228] The implementation of step 1201 is the same as that of step 501, and will not be repeated here.

[0229] 1202. The server performs the first processing on the first pairing code to obtain the pairing code information.

[0230] 1203. The server sends digital key and pairing code information to the terminal.

[0231] After receiving the pairing code information, the server sends the digital key and pairing code information to the terminal in response to the terminal's key request. Optionally, the server sends the digital key and pairing code information to the terminal only after determining that the terminal is authorized to use the device of the vehicle corresponding to the digital key.

[0232] 1204. The terminal receives the pairing code information from the server as the first pairing information.

[0233] 1205. The terminal sends the first pairing information to the vehicle terminal, and the vehicle terminal receives the first pairing information from the terminal.

[0234] 1206. Perform the second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code.

[0235] Since the information in the first pairing information before the first processing is the first pairing code, the vehicle can perform the second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code.

[0236] 1207. The terminal and the vehicle use the first pairing code to pair.

[0237] The implementation of step 1207 is the same as that of step 507, and will not be repeated here.

[0238] In this digital key pairing method, the server performs a first process on a first pairing code to obtain pairing code information, and then sends the pairing code information to the terminal. Upon receiving the pairing code information, the terminal sends it as first pairing information to the vehicle. Upon receiving the first pairing information, the vehicle performs a second process on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code. When both the terminal and the vehicle possess the first pairing code, they can pair using it. This allows for pairing between the terminal and the vehicle without user intervention.

[0239] As an optional implementation method, the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 12 can be further divided into the following two implementation methods according to the generation method of the first pairing code:

[0240] 1. The first pairing code is generated by the server;

[0241] 2. The first pairing code is generated by the terminal.

[0242] The two implementation methods will be described below. Please refer to Figure 13, which is an architecture diagram of another digital key pairing system provided in this application embodiment. The digital key system shown in Figure 13 can be used to execute the first implementation method described above. As shown in Figure 13, the digital key pairing system includes a server 11, a terminal 12, and a vehicle terminal 13. The server 11 includes a digital key service 111, which includes a generation module 1111 and a first processing module 1112. The generation module 1111 is used to obtain a first pairing code and pairing code information, and the first processing module 1112 includes a fourth shared key. After the terminal 12 sends a key request to the server 11 (i.e., step 1 in Figure 13), the digital key service 111 generates the vehicle's digital key (i.e., step 2.1 in Figure 13), the generation module 1111 generates the first pairing code (i.e., step 2.2 in Figure 13), and the generation module 1111 uses the fourth shared key to encrypt the first pairing code to obtain the pairing code information (i.e., step 2.3 in Figure 13). After obtaining the digital key, the first pairing code, and the pairing code information, the server 11 sends the digital key, the first pairing code, and the pairing code information to the terminal 12 (i.e., step 3 in Figure 13) in response to the key request.

[0243] Terminal 12 includes a digital key module 121 and a pairing module 122. After receiving pairing code information from server 11, digital key module 121 sends the pairing code information to vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast (i.e., step 4 in Figure 13). Specifically, during the broadcast phase of short-range communication, pairing code information is sent to vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast. For example, short-range communication includes Bluetooth, and pairing code information is sent to vehicle terminal 13 via Bluetooth broadcast. After receiving the first pairing code from server 11, digital key module 121 sets the first pairing code as the pairing code used for pairing with vehicle terminal 13 (i.e., step 5 in Figure 13), so that pairing module 122 uses the first pairing code to pair with vehicle terminal 13.

[0244] The vehicle terminal 13 includes a digital key master control module 131 and a pairing module 132. The digital key master control module 131 includes a second processing module 1311, which includes a fourth shared key. After receiving pairing code information from the terminal 12 via broadcast (i.e., step 6 in Figure 13), the pairing module 132 obtains a first pairing code through the second processing module 1311 (i.e., step 7 in Figure 13). Specifically, it decrypts the pairing code information using the fourth shared key to obtain the first pairing code (i.e., step 8 in Figure 13), so that the pairing module 132 can pair with the terminal 12 using the first pairing code.

[0245] When both terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 have the first pairing code, the pairing module 122 of terminal 12 and the pairing module 132 of vehicle terminal 13 pair with each other using the first pairing code. Both pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 include modules for short-range communication. For example, both pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 are modules for Bluetooth communication or modules for Star Flash communication.

[0246] In the digital key pairing system shown in Figure 13, after generating the first pairing code, server 11 encrypts the first pairing code using a fourth shared key to obtain pairing code information. Server 11 then sends the first pairing code and pairing code information to terminal 12. After receiving the pairing code information, terminal 12 sends the pairing code information to vehicle terminal 13. Since vehicle terminal 13 holds the fourth shared key, it can decrypt the pairing code information using the fourth shared key to obtain the first pairing code. When both terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 hold the first pairing code, they can pair using the first pairing code. Thus, pairing between terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 can be achieved without user intervention. Moreover, since both the pairing module 122 of terminal 12 and the pairing module 132 of vehicle terminal 13 are modules used for short-range communication, communication between pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 can be independent of the mobile communication network, thereby improving the pairing success rate and efficiency in situations with poor mobile communication networks.

[0247] Please refer to Figure 14, which is an architecture diagram of another digital key pairing system provided in this application embodiment. The digital key system shown in Figure 14 can be used to execute the second implementation described above. As shown in Figure 14, the digital key pairing system includes a server 11, a terminal 12, and a vehicle terminal 13. The server 11 includes a digital key service 111, which includes a generation module 1111 and a first processing module 1112. The generation module 1111 is used to obtain pairing code information, and the first processing module 1112 includes a fourth shared key. The key request sent by the terminal 12 to the server 11 carries the first pairing code (i.e., step 1 in Figure 14), wherein the first pairing code is generated by the terminal 12. After receiving the key request from the terminal, the digital key service 111 generates a digital key for the vehicle (i.e., step 2.1 in Figure 14). The generation module 1111 uses the fourth shared key to encrypt the first pairing code to obtain pairing code information (i.e., step 2.2 in Figure 14). After obtaining the digital key and pairing code information, the server 11 sends the digital key and pairing code information to the terminal 12 (i.e., step 3 in Figure 14) in response to the key request.

[0248] Terminal 12 includes a digital key module 121 and a pairing module 122. After receiving pairing code information from server 11, digital key module 121 sends the pairing code information to vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast (i.e., step 4 in Figure 14). Specifically, during the broadcast phase of short-range communication, pairing code information is sent to vehicle terminal 13 via broadcast. For example, short-range communication includes Bluetooth, and pairing code information is sent to vehicle terminal 13 via Bluetooth broadcast. After receiving the first pairing code from server 11, digital key module 121 sets the first pairing code as the pairing code used for pairing with vehicle terminal 13 (i.e., step 5 in Figure 14), so that pairing module 122 uses the first pairing code to pair with vehicle terminal 13.

[0249] The vehicle terminal 13 includes a digital key master control module 131 and a pairing module 132. The digital key master control module 131 includes a second processing module 1311, which includes a fourth shared key. After receiving pairing code information from the terminal 12 via broadcast (i.e., step 6 in Figure 14), the pairing module 132 obtains a first pairing code through the second processing module 1311 (i.e., step 7 in Figure 14). Specifically, it decrypts the pairing code information using the fourth shared key to obtain the first pairing code (i.e., step 8 in Figure 14), so that the pairing module 132 can pair with the terminal 12 using the first pairing code.

[0250] When both terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 have the first pairing code, the pairing module 122 of terminal 12 and the pairing module 132 of vehicle terminal 13 pair with each other using the first pairing code. Both pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 include modules for short-range communication. For example, both pairing module 122 and pairing module 132 are modules for Bluetooth communication or modules for Star Flash communication.

[0251] In the digital key pairing system shown in Figure 14, after generating the first pairing code, terminal 12 sends the first pairing code to server 11 by sending a key request. Upon receiving the key request, server 11 encrypts the first pairing code using a fourth shared key to obtain the pairing code information. Server 11 then sends the pairing code information to terminal 12. After receiving the pairing code information, terminal 12 sends the pairing code information to vehicle terminal 13. Since vehicle terminal 13 holds the fourth shared key, it can decrypt the pairing code information using the fourth shared key to obtain the first pairing code. With both terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 holding the first pairing code, they can pair using the first pairing code. This allows pairing between terminal 12 and vehicle terminal 13 without user intervention. Furthermore, since both the pairing module 122 of terminal 12 and the pairing module 132 of vehicle terminal 13 are modules used for short-range communication, communication between pairing modules 122 and 132 can be independent of the mobile communication network, thereby improving the pairing success rate and efficiency in situations with poor mobile communication networks.

[0252] The methods of the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. The apparatus of the embodiments of this application is provided below.

[0253] It should be understood that the division of units in the apparatus provided in this application embodiment is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units in the apparatus can be implemented by a processor calling software. For example, the apparatus includes a processor connected to a memory, which stores instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of each unit of the apparatus. The processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor unit (MPU), and the memory is either internal to the apparatus or external to the apparatus.

[0254] Alternatively, the units in the device can be implemented as hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the above units is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through a configuration file, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the above units.

[0255] In the embodiments of this application, each unit in the device may be one or more processors (or processing circuits) configured to implement the above methods, such as: CPU, graphics processing unit (GPU), neural network processing unit (NPU), tensor processing unit (TPU), deep learning processing unit (DPU), MPU, digital signal processor (DSP), ASIC, FPGA, or a combination of at least two of these processor forms.

[0256] Furthermore, the units in the above devices can be integrated in whole or in part, or they can be implemented independently. In one implementation, these units are integrated together as a system-on-chip (SOC). The SOC may include at least one processor for implementing any of the above methods or implementing the functions of the units in the device. The at least one processor can be of different types, such as including a CPU and an FPGA, or including a CPU and an MCU, or including a CPU and a GPU, etc. Several possible devices are listed below.

[0257] Please refer to Figure 15, which is a schematic diagram of a digital key pairing device provided in an embodiment of this application. Optionally, the digital key pairing device 150 can be an independent device, such as a vehicle, terminal, server, processing device, communication module, etc. Alternatively, the digital key pairing device 150 can also be a component in an independent device (such as a digital key pairing device), such as a chip or integrated circuit. The digital key pairing device 150 is used to implement the aforementioned digital key pairing method, such as the digital key pairing method shown in Figure 5 and its possible implementations.

[0258] For example, the digital key pairing device 150 includes a communication unit 1502 and further includes a processing unit 1501. The processing unit 1501 is used to perform one or more operations such as processing, determining, generating, calculating, and updating, while the communication unit 1502 is used to perform one or more operations such as sending, receiving, and acquiring. It should be understood that the unit division here is only illustrative; in a specific implementation, some units may be combined together, or a single unit may be divided into multiple units.

[0259] In one possible design, the digital key pairing device 150 is used to implement the method on the vehicle side in the aforementioned digital key pairing method.

[0260] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1502 is configured to receive first pairing information from the terminal. The processing unit 1501 is configured to obtain a first pairing code by performing a second processing on the first pairing information. The communication unit 1502 is further configured to pair with the terminal using the first pairing code.

[0261] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a pairing code factor, and the first pairing code is obtained based on a third processing performed on the pairing code factor. The processing unit 1501 is configured to: perform a second processing on the first pairing information to obtain a pairing code factor; and perform a third processing on the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code.

[0262] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a key factor, and the first pairing information further includes pairing code information and key factor information obtained by performing a first processing on the key factor. The pairing code information is obtained by encrypting the first pairing code using a first key, and the first key is obtained based on the key factor. The processing unit 1501 is configured to: perform a second processing on the key factor information to obtain a key factor; obtain a first key based on the key factor; and decrypt the pairing code information using the first key to obtain a first pairing code.

[0263] In one possible implementation, the first process includes encrypting the key factor using a second key; the processing unit 1501 is used to: decrypt the key factor information using the second key to obtain the key factor.

[0264] In one possible implementation, the first key is obtained by performing a fourth process on the key factors; the processing unit 1501 is used to: perform a fourth process on the key factors to obtain the first key.

[0265] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a third key, and the first pairing code is obtained by processing the pairing code factor based on the third key; the processing unit 1501 is used to: perform a second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the third key; and encrypt the pairing code factor using the third key to obtain the first pairing code.

[0266] In one possible implementation, the first process includes encrypting the third key using the fourth key; the processing unit 1501 is configured to: decrypt the first pairing information using the fourth key to obtain the third key.

[0267] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1501 is further configured to: randomly generate pairing code factors;

[0268] Communication unit 1502 is also used to: send pairing code factors to the terminal.

[0269] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1501 is configured to: randomly generate a pairing code factor in such a way that the pairing code factor is generated twice in a row and satisfies a preset condition.

[0270] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a first pairing code; the processing unit 1501 is configured to: perform a second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code.

[0271] In one possible implementation, the first process includes encryption; the processing unit 1501 is configured to: obtain a first pairing code by decrypting the first pairing information.

[0272] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1501 is configured to: obtain a first pairing code by decrypting the first pairing information if the first pairing information passes identity authentication.

[0273] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1502 is used to: receive first pairing information sent by the terminal via short-range communication.

[0274] In one possible implementation, the vehicle end belongs to the vehicle, while the terminal is located outside the vehicle.

[0275] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1501 is further configured to: store first pairing information if pairing is successful;

[0276] The communication unit 1502 is also configured to: receive second pairing information after storing the first pairing information;

[0277] The processing unit 1501 is also configured to: refuse to pair with the device that sent the second pairing information if the first pairing information is the same as the second pairing information.

[0278] In one possible implementation, the time when the vehicle receives the first pairing information is the first time, and the time when the vehicle receives the second pairing information is the second time.

[0279] The processing unit 1501 is configured to refuse to pair with the device that sent the second pairing information if the first pairing information is the same as the second pairing information and the time difference between the first time and the second time is greater than or equal to a time threshold.

[0280] In one possible implementation, the vehicle terminal belongs to the vehicle, and the communication unit 1502 is also used to: receive control commands of the vehicle's digital key sent by the terminal when pairing is successful.

[0281] The processing unit 1501 is used to control the vehicle according to control commands.

[0282] For a detailed description of the above embodiments, please refer to the foregoing description of the method embodiments.

[0283] In one possible design, the digital key pairing device 150 is used to implement the terminal-side method in the aforementioned digital key pairing method.

[0284] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1502 is configured to: send first pairing information to the vehicle terminal; the processing unit 1501 is configured to: pair with the vehicle terminal using the first pairing code.

[0285] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a pairing code factor, the first pairing code being obtained based on a third processing performed on the pairing code factor; the communication unit 1502 is further configured to: receive pairing code factor information from the server as first pairing information, the pairing code factor information being obtained based on a first processing performed on the pairing code factor.

[0286] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a first pairing code and a key factor, and the first processing includes performing a first processing on the key factor; the communication unit 1502 is further configured to: receive first key and key factor information from the server, wherein the first key is obtained based on the key factor, and the key factor information is obtained by performing a first processing on the key factor;

[0287] The processing unit 1501 is further configured to: encrypt the first pairing code using the first key to obtain pairing code information; and obtain the first pairing information based on the key factor information and the pairing code information.

[0288] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a third key, and the pairing code is obtained by processing the pairing code factor using the third key; the communication unit 1502 is further configured to: receive key information from the server as first pairing information, the key information being obtained by performing a first processing on the third key.

[0289] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1502 is further configured to: receive a third key from the server; the processing unit 1501 is further configured to: encrypt the pairing code factor using the third key to obtain a first pairing code.

[0290] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1502 is further configured to: receive a pairing code factor from the vehicle end.

[0291] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a first pairing code, and the first processing includes performing a first processing on the first pairing code;

[0292] The communication unit 1502 is also configured to: receive pairing code information from the server as first pairing information, wherein the pairing code information is obtained by performing a first processing on the first pairing code.

[0293] In one possible implementation, the first process includes encrypting the target information.

[0294] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1502 is used to: send first pairing information to the vehicle end via short-range communication.

[0295] In one possible implementation, the vehicle end belongs to the vehicle, while the terminal is located outside the vehicle.

[0296] In one possible implementation, the vehicle terminal belongs to the vehicle, the terminal includes the vehicle's digital key, and the communication unit 1502 is used to: send control commands of the digital key to the vehicle terminal when pairing is successful.

[0297] For a detailed description of the above embodiments, please refer to the foregoing description of the method embodiments.

[0298] In one possible design, the digital key pairing device 150 is used to implement the server-side method in the aforementioned digital key pairing method.

[0299] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1502 is configured to: receive a key request from the terminal; the processing unit 1501 is configured to: obtain third pairing information by performing a first processing on the target information; the communication unit 1502 is further configured to: send a digital key and the third pairing information to the terminal.

[0300] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a first pairing code, and the third pairing information includes pairing code information;

[0301] The processing unit 1501 is used to: perform first processing on the first pairing code to obtain pairing code information.

[0302] In one possible implementation, the target information includes pairing code factors, the first pairing code is obtained based on a third processing of the pairing code factors, and the third pairing information includes pairing code factor information.

[0303] The processing unit 1501 is used to: perform a first processing on the paired code factor to obtain paired code factor information.

[0304] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a key factor used to obtain a first key, and the third pairing information includes key factor information.

[0305] The processing unit 1501 is used to: perform a first process on the key factor to obtain key factor information.

[0306] In one possible implementation, the target information includes a third key, the first pairing code is obtained by encrypting the pairing code factor using the third key, and the third pairing information includes key information.

[0307] The processing unit 1501 is used to: perform first processing on the third key to obtain key information.

[0308] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1501 is used to: encrypt the target information to obtain third pairing information.

[0309] For a detailed description of the above embodiments, please refer to the foregoing description of the method embodiments.

[0310] Please refer to Figure 16, which is a schematic diagram of another digital key pairing device provided in this application embodiment. As shown in Figure 16, the digital key pairing device 160 can be an independent device, such as a vehicle, terminal, server, or computing device. Alternatively, the digital key pairing device 160 can also be a component within an independent device (such as a digital key pairing device), such as a chip or integrated circuit. This digital key pairing device 160 is used to implement the aforementioned digital key pairing method, such as the digital key pairing method and its possible implementations shown in Figure 5.

[0311] The digital key pairing device 160 may include at least one processor 1601 and a memory 1603. Optionally, it may also include a communication interface 1602. Further optionally, it may also include a connection line 1604, wherein the processor 1601, the communication interface 1602 and / or the memory 1603 are connected via the connection line 1604, and / or communicate with each other via the connection line 1604 to transmit control signals and / or data signals.

[0312] in:

[0313] Processor 1601 is a module that performs arithmetic and / or logical operations, and may specifically include one or more of the following modules: CPU, application processor (AP), MCU, ECU, GPU, MPU, ASIC, image signal processor (ISP), DSP, FPGA, complex programmable logic device (CPLD), or coprocessor, etc.

[0314] Communication interface 1602 can be used to provide information input or output to at least one processor, or to receive and / or transmit signals to externally transmitted signals. For example, communication interface 1602 may include interface circuitry. For instance, communication interface 1602 may include a wired link interface such as an Ethernet cable, or a wireless link interface (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, general wireless transmission, vehicular short-range communication technology, and other short-range wireless communication technologies, etc.). Optionally, communication interface 1602 may also include a radio frequency transmitter, antenna, etc. If communication interface 1002 includes an antenna, the number of antennas can be one or more.

[0315] As one possible design, if the digital key pairing device 160 is a standalone device, the communication interface 1602 may include a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver and transmitter may be the same component or different components. When the receiver and transmitter are the same component, this component may be referred to as a transceiver.

[0316] As another possible design, if the digital key pairing device 160 is a chip or circuit, the communication interface 1602 may include an input interface and an output interface, which may be the same interface or different interfaces.

[0317] Alternatively, the functionality of the communication interface 1602 can be implemented via a transceiver circuit or a dedicated transceiver chip.

[0318] The memory 1603 provides storage space, in which data such as the operating system and computer programs can be stored. The memory 1003 can be one or a combination of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), etc.

[0319] The functions and actions of each module or unit in the digital key pairing device 160 listed above are merely illustrative examples.

[0320] Each functional unit in the digital key pairing device 160 can be used to implement the aforementioned digital key pairing method, such as the digital key pairing method and its possible implementations shown in FIG5. For example, the digital key pairing device 160 is used to execute the method executed by the server, or the method executed by the terminal, or the method executed by the vehicle terminal in the digital key pairing method shown in FIG5.

[0321] Optionally, the processor 1601 may be a processor specifically designed to perform the aforementioned methods (for ease of distinction, referred to as a dedicated processor), or a processor that performs the aforementioned methods by calling a computer program (for ease of distinction, referred to as a dedicated processor). Optionally, at least one processor may include both dedicated processors and general-purpose processors.

[0322] Optionally, if the digital key pairing device 160 includes at least one memory 1603, and the processor 1601 implements the aforementioned digital key pairing method by calling a computer program, the computer program can be stored in the memory 1603.

[0323] This application also provides a chip, which includes logic circuitry and a communication interface. The communication interface is used to receive or transmit signals; the logic circuitry is used to receive or transmit signals through the communication interface. The chip is used to implement the aforementioned digital key pairing method, such as the digital key pairing method and its possible implementations shown in Figure 5.

[0324] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on at least one processor (or digital key pairing device), implement the aforementioned digital key pairing method, such as the digital key pairing method and its possible implementations shown in Figure 5 and other embodiments.

[0325] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions for implementing the aforementioned digital key pairing method, such as the digital key pairing method and its possible implementations shown in FIG5.

[0326] This application also provides a vehicle with a digital key pairing device 150 and / or a digital key pairing device 160. The pairable devices include intelligent terminals or vehicles such as vehicles, robots, drones, ships, and vessels. Alternatively, they may include smart home devices, smart showroom devices, smart factory devices, smart city devices, entertainment devices, etc.

[0327] It should be understood that the aforementioned vehicles are vehicles in a broad sense, which can include transportation vehicles (such as commercial vehicles, passenger cars, motorcycles, flying cars, trains, etc.), industrial vehicles (such as forklifts, trailers, tractors, etc.), engineering vehicles (such as excavators, bulldozers, cranes, etc.), agricultural equipment (such as lawnmowers, harvesters, etc.). Similarly, robots can refer to automated guided vehicles (AGVs), walking and talking robots, service robots, and other types of robots.

[0328] This application also provides a server that includes the aforementioned digital key pairing device 150 and / or digital key pairing device 160.

[0329] This application also provides a terminal, which includes the aforementioned digital key pairing device 150 and / or digital key pairing device 160.

[0330] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0331] In this embodiment, the names of information and devices are exemplarily chosen for ease of understanding of the content of this solution. In specific implementations, their names may be designed differently. Furthermore, the names of the same thing may also be designed differently in different scenarios (e.g., different communication layers).

Claims

1. A digital key pairing method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive first pairing information from the terminal, the first pairing information including information obtained by performing a first processing on target information, the target information including information for determining a first pairing code, the first pairing code including a pairing code used by the terminal to pair with the vehicle terminal; By performing a second process on the first pairing information, the first pairing code is obtained. The information obtained by performing the second process on the information obtained after the first processing includes the information before the first processing. The first pairing code is used to pair with the terminal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target information includes a pairing code factor, and the first pairing code is obtained based on performing a third processing on the pairing code factor; The step of performing a second process on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code includes: Perform the second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the pairing code factor; The third process is performed on the pairing code factor to obtain the first pairing code.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target information includes the key factor, and the first pairing information further includes pairing code information and key factor information obtained by performing the first processing on the key factor. The pairing code information is obtained by encrypting the first pairing code using a first key, and the first key is obtained based on the key factor. The step of performing a second process on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code includes: Perform the second processing on the key factor information to obtain the key factor; The first key is obtained based on the key factor; The first pairing code is obtained by decrypting the pairing code information using the first key.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first process includes encrypting the key factor using a second key; The second processing of the key factor information to obtain the key factor includes: The key factor is obtained by decrypting the key factor information using the second key.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The first key is obtained by performing a fourth process on the key factor; The step of obtaining the first key based on the key factor includes: The fourth process is performed on the key factor to obtain the first key.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target information includes a third key, and the first pairing code is obtained by processing the pairing code factor based on the third key; The step of performing a second process on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code includes: The second processing is performed on the first pairing information to obtain the third key; The first pairing code is obtained by encrypting the pairing code factor using the third key.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first process includes encrypting the third key using a fourth key; The step of performing the second processing on the first pairing information to obtain the third key includes: The third key is obtained by decrypting the first pairing information using the fourth key.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, Before receiving the first pairing information from the terminal, the method further includes: The pairing code factors are generated randomly; The pairing code factor is sent to the terminal.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The random generation of the pairing code factor includes: The pairing code factor is randomly generated in such a way that the pairing code factor is generated twice in a row and the conditions are met.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target information includes the first pairing code; The step of performing a second process on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code includes: The second processing is performed on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first process includes encryption; The step of performing a second process on the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code includes: The first pairing code is obtained by decrypting the first pairing information.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The step of decrypting the first pairing information to obtain the first pairing code includes: If the first pairing information passes identity authentication, the first pairing code is obtained by decrypting the first pairing information.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6, 7, 10 to 12, characterized in that, The receipt of the first pairing information from the terminal includes: The receiving terminal sends the first pairing information via short-range communication.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The vehicle-mounted device belongs to the vehicle, while the terminal is located outside the vehicle.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6, 7, 10 to 12, characterized in that, After pairing with the terminal using the first pairing code, the method further includes: If pairing is successful, store the first pairing information; After storing the first pairing information, receive the second pairing information; If the first pairing information is the same as the second pairing information, pairing with the device that sent the second pairing information is refused.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The time when the vehicle receives the first pairing information is the first time, and the time when the vehicle receives the second pairing information is the second time; The step of refusing to pair with the device that sent the second pairing information when the first pairing information is the same as the second pairing information includes: If the first pairing information is the same as the second pairing information, and the time difference between the first time and the second time is greater than or equal to a time threshold, pairing with the device that sent the second pairing information is refused.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6, 7, 10 to 12, characterized in that, The vehicle-mounted terminal belongs to the vehicle. After pairing with the terminal using the first pairing code, the method further includes: If pairing is successful, the terminal sends control commands for the vehicle's digital key. Control the vehicle according to the control commands.

18. A digital key pairing method, characterized in that, The method includes: Send first pairing information to the vehicle terminal. The first pairing information includes information obtained by performing a first processing on target information. The target information includes information for determining a first pairing code. The first pairing code includes a pairing code used to pair with the vehicle terminal. The first pairing code is used to pair with the vehicle terminal.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The target information includes a pairing code factor, and the first pairing code is obtained based on performing a third processing on the pairing code factor; Before sending the first pairing information to the vehicle, the method further includes: The pairing code factor information received from the server is used as the first pairing information, which is obtained based on the first processing performed on the pairing code factor.

20. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The target information includes the first pairing code and the key factor, and the first processing includes performing the first processing on the key factor; Before sending the first pairing information to the vehicle, the method further includes: Receive a first key and key factor information from the server, wherein the first key is obtained based on the key factor, and the key factor information is obtained by performing the first processing on the key factor; The first pairing code is encrypted using the first key to obtain the pairing code information; The first pairing information is obtained based on the key factor information and the pairing code information.

21. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The target information includes a third key, and the pairing code is obtained by processing the pairing code factor using the third key; Before sending the first pairing information to the vehicle, the method further includes: The key information received from the server is used as the first pairing information, which is obtained by performing the first processing on the third key.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, Before pairing with the vehicle using the first pairing code, the method further includes: Receive a third key from the server; The first pairing code is obtained by encrypting the pairing code factor using the third key.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, Before encrypting the pairing code factor using the third key to obtain the first pairing code, the method further includes: Receive the pairing code factor from the vehicle end.

24. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The target information includes the first pairing code, and the first processing includes performing the first processing on the first pairing code; Before sending the first pairing information to the vehicle, the method further includes: The system receives pairing code information from the server as the first pairing information, which is obtained by performing the first processing on the first pairing code.

25. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first process includes encrypting the target information.

26. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that, Sending the first pairing information to the vehicle includes: The first pairing information is sent to the vehicle via short-range communication.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that, The vehicle-mounted device belongs to the vehicle, while the terminal is located outside the vehicle.

28. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that, The vehicle-mounted terminal belongs to the vehicle, and the terminal includes the vehicle's digital key. After pairing with the vehicle-mounted terminal using the first pairing code, the method further includes: If pairing is successful, control commands for the digital key are sent to the vehicle.

29. A digital key pairing method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive a key request from the terminal, the key request being used to request the issuance of a digital key; By performing a first process on the target information, third pairing information is obtained. The target information includes information for determining a first pairing code. The first pairing code includes a pairing code used by the terminal and the vehicle to pair. The digital key and the third pairing information are sent to the terminal, and the vehicle determines the first pairing code based on the third pairing information from the terminal.

30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that, The target information includes the first pairing code, and the third pairing information includes pairing code information; The process of performing a first process on the target information to obtain the third pairing information includes: Perform the first processing on the first pairing code to obtain the pairing code information.

31. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that, The target information includes a pairing code factor, the first pairing code is obtained based on a third processing of the pairing code factor, and the third pairing information includes pairing code factor information; The process of performing a first process on the target information to obtain the third pairing information includes: The first processing is performed on the paired code factor to obtain the paired code factor information.

32. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that, The target information includes a key factor, which is used to obtain a first key; the third pairing information includes key factor information. The process of performing a first process on the target information to obtain the third pairing information includes: The first process is performed on the key factor to obtain the key factor information.

33. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that, The target information includes a third key, and the first pairing code is obtained by encrypting the pairing code factor using the third key. The third pairing information includes key information. The process of performing a first process on the target information to obtain the third pairing information includes: The first process is performed on the third key to obtain the key information.

34. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that, The process of performing a first process on the target information to obtain the third pairing information includes: The target information is encrypted to obtain the third pairing information.

35. A digital key pairing device, characterized in that, It includes a unit for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, or includes a unit for performing the method as described in any one of claims 18 to 28, or includes a unit for performing the method as described in any one of claims 29 to 34.

36. A digital key pairing device, characterized in that, The digital key pairing device includes a processing unit and a communication unit. The digital key pairing device is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-17, or to implement the method according to any one of claims 18-28, or to implement the method according to any one of claims 29-34.

37. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a digital key pairing device, which includes a processor and a memory. The memory provides storage space for storing computer instructions. The processor is used to invoke computer instructions stored in the memory to cause the method described in any one of claims 1-17 to be executed.

38. A terminal, characterized in that, The terminal includes a digital key pairing device, which includes a processor and a memory. The memory provides storage space for storing computer instructions. The processor is used to invoke computer instructions stored in the memory to cause the method described in any one of claims 18-28 to be executed.

39. A server, characterized in that, The server includes a digital key pairing device, which includes a processor and a memory. The memory provides storage space for storing computer instructions. The processor is used to invoke computer instructions stored in the memory to cause the method described in any one of claims 29-34 to be executed.

40. A digital key pairing system, characterized in that, The digital key pairing system includes one or more of the following: a first digital key pairing device, a second digital key pairing device, and a third digital key pairing device, wherein the first digital key pairing device is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-17, the second digital key pairing device is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 18-28, and the third digital key pairing device is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 29-34.

41. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program that, when executed, performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-17, or the method as described in any one of claims 18-28, or the method as described in any one of claims 29-34.

42. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer language code or computer instructions; When the computer program product is executed by a processor, the method as described in any one of claims 1-17 is executed, or the method as described in any one of claims 18-28 is executed, or the method as described in any one of claims 29-34 is executed.

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