Building insulating glass having frequency selectivity

Abstract

Building insulating glass having frequency selectivity is provided. The insulating glass comprises: a first glass layer; a first insulating metal thin film layer disposed on one surface of the first glass layer; a second insulating metal thin film layer facing the first insulating metal thin film layer and separated by a predetermined separation distance therefrom; and a second glass layer disposed on one surface of the second insulating metal thin film layer. On the basis of a pattern provided in at least a portion of first unit cells and a pattern provided in at least a portion of second unit cells, the insulating glass is configured to transmit a signal having a first polarization and reflect a signal having a second polarization perpendicular to a direction of the first polarization.

Description

Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity

[0001] The present invention relates to insulating glass for construction, and more specifically, to insulating glass for construction having frequency selectivity.

[0002] In modern commercial and residential construction, Low-E (Low-emissivity) glass is widely used for energy saving purposes. Low-E glass is a glass surface coated with an ultra-thin metal layer to reduce heat loss; because it enhances indoor temperature maintenance and energy saving effects, it is particularly widely used as a window or building exterior material. In this regard, Fig. 1 is a conceptual diagram of Low-E glass. As shown in Fig. 1, Low-E glass can prevent indoor heating from escaping to the outside by reflecting solar rays from the outside or allowing visible light to pass through, while ensuring visibility by providing a Low-E coating on at least one surface of the glass window. In other words, the core technology of Low-E glass lies in reducing the loss of indoor heat to the outside through a heat-reflecting metal coating, and generally, such a coating can be composed of silver (Ag) or a metal oxide layer. The low-E coating layer reflects the sun's infrared wavelengths, preventing heat from entering the room during the summer and preventing heat from escaping during the winter.

[0003] However, while the introduction of a metal thin film layer in low-e glass offers excellent thermal insulation, it has the disadvantage of interfering with the transmission and reception of radio waves, which are a core element of modern information and communication technology. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the low-e coating can interfere with the transmission of signals from a base station to an indoor wireless terminal, and conversely, it can interfere with the transmission of signals from an indoor wireless terminal to a base station. This may be attributed to the fact that the low-e coating layer also reflects wireless signals.

[0004] To address these issues, removing a portion of the metal thin film layer of insulating glass could be considered; however, since the removal of this layer results in a degradation of thermal insulation performance, it was difficult to simultaneously satisfy both radio wave transmittance and thermal insulation performance. Furthermore, modern wireless communication systems operate in a wide variety of ways, and the frequency bands used by each system are widely distributed; consequently, it is not easy to guarantee radio wave transmittance across various frequencies, and there may even be situations where security is required by shielding radio waves for specific frequency bands.

[0005] Meanwhile, wireless networks above 5G and the Internet of Things (IoT) can provide high-speed data transmission, ultra-low latency, and massive connectivity by using millimeter frequency bands. However, due to the characteristics of high frequency bands such as millimeter waves, high loss and signal attenuation occur, resulting in a short communication distance and vulnerability to obstacles.

[0006] To address this, active relay repeater systems have been utilized in existing wireless communication systems as a means to secure an additional link budget. However, active relay repeaters require separate baseband signal processing modules and signal amplifier components, which leads to increased power consumption and hardware complexity in the entire wireless communication system.

[0007] Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS), one of the technologies for solving the high loss of millimeter waves, is attracting attention as a technology that can replace additional base stations or relay systems. RIS is a device that reflects incident electromagnetic waves back in a desired direction using anomalous reflection and near-field focusing, and can be composed of a metasurface capable of controlling spatial phase shift distribution.

[0008] RIS is expected to incur relatively lower costs compared to building additional base stations or active relay systems. Nevertheless, since RIS relies on active or semi-active components such as PIN diodes, varactors, or tunable materials including graphene, for example, it requires external power and control circuitry, which can increase installation and maintenance costs.

[0009] To address the aforementioned drawbacks, a method called Electromagnetic Skin (EM Skin) has been proposed, which uses a passive structure with pre-designed reflective properties. EM Skin has the advantage of being suitable for large-scale installations because it can be manufactured simply and inexpensively without active components. Additionally, EM Skin can be installed on the exterior walls of buildings without additional power or control infrastructure, and thanks to its static and passive nature, it can be seamlessly integrated with existing architectural elements.

[0010] Various attempts are being made to improve outdoor communication environments using EM skins, but these attempts are mainly limited to reflective designs and have limitations in that they are difficult to apply in real life because they do not consider the appearance since they are fabricated by patterning metal on a substrate such as a PCB.

[0011] One objective of the present invention for solving the aforementioned problems is to provide an architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity that can improve the outdoor communication environment by reflecting radio waves without compromising aesthetics, by implementing an electromagnetic skin through the formation of an appropriate pattern on an insulating metal thin film layer provided in the architectural insulating glass.

[0012] Another objective of the present invention for solving the aforementioned problems is to provide an architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity that allows for the free control of transmission, reflection, or shielding of radio waves according to a specific frequency band by forming a pattern of an insulating metal thin film layer provided in the architectural insulating glass.

[0013] Another objective of the present invention for solving the aforementioned problems is to provide an architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity that can simultaneously improve indoor communication quality and outdoor communication quality with a single architectural insulating glass by forming a pattern of an insulating metal thin film layer provided in the architectural insulating glass, thereby transmitting signals of a specific polarization and reflecting signals of another polarization.

[0014] However, the problem to be solved by the present invention is not limited thereto and may be expanded in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0015] A thermal insulating glass for architecture having frequency selectivity according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the aforementioned problems comprises: a first glass layer; a first insulating metal thin film layer disposed on one surface of the first glass layer; a second insulating metal thin film layer facing the first insulating metal thin film layer with a predetermined separation distance; and a second glass layer disposed on one surface of the second insulating metal thin film layer; wherein the first insulating metal thin film layer comprises a plurality of first unit cells arranged within the plane of the first insulating metal thin film layer, and the second insulating metal thin film layer comprises a plurality of second unit cells arranged within the plane of the second insulating metal thin film layer, and may be configured to transmit a signal of first polarization and reflect a signal of second polarization perpendicular to the direction of first polarization based on a pattern provided on at least some of the first unit cells and a pattern provided on at least some of the second unit cells.

[0016] According to one aspect, the signal of the first polarization is used for transmitting and receiving information to a terminal located inside a building where the architectural insulating glass is installed, and the signal of the second polarization is used for transmitting and receiving information to a terminal located outside a building where the architectural insulating glass is installed.

[0017] According to one aspect, a first pattern provided in at least a portion of the first unit cells or a second pattern provided in at least a portion of the second unit cells may be configured to have different frequency response characteristics for the signal of the first polarization and the signal of the second polarization.

[0018] According to one aspect, a first pattern provided in at least a portion of the first unit cells or a second pattern provided in at least a portion of the second unit cells may be configured to transmit the signal of the first polarization while causing a phase delay for the signal of the second polarization.

[0019] According to one aspect, a first pattern provided in at least a portion of the first unit cells is a dipole pattern extending longitudinally within the first unit cell, and both ends of the dipole pattern may be spaced apart from the upper and lower portions of the first unit cell.

[0020] According to one aspect, a second pattern provided in at least a portion of the second unit cells is a strip pattern having a plurality of strips extending longitudinally within the second unit cells, and both ends of the strip pattern may be arranged to coincide with the upper and lower portions of the second unit cells.

[0021] According to one aspect, a plurality of first unit cells having the dipole pattern may be configured to operate as a band stop filter in a target frequency band for a second polarization signal parallel to the extension direction of the dipole pattern to reflect the second polarization signal.

[0022] According to one aspect, a plurality of second unit cells having the strip pattern may be configured to operate as a high-pass filter for the second polarization signal to perform a ground role, and to operate as a low-pass filter for the first polarization signal to transmit the first polarization signal.

[0023] According to one aspect, the strip pattern may be configured such that the transmission characteristics for the signal of the first polarization are changed by changing the thickness or spacing of the strip.

[0024] According to one aspect, the dipole pattern may be configured to change the resonant frequency or the direction of reflection of the radio wave by changing the longitudinal length of the dipole pattern.

[0025] According to one aspect, the first pattern may further include a plurality of square patches disposed in an area other than the dipole pattern inside the first unit cell.

[0026] The disclosed technology may have the following effects. However, this does not mean that a specific embodiment must include all of the following effects or only the following effects; therefore, the scope of the rights of the disclosed technology should not be understood as being limited by this.

[0027] According to the architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention described above, by implementing an electromagnetic skin by forming an appropriate pattern on an insulating metal thin film layer provided in the architectural insulating glass, it is possible to reflect radio waves without compromising the aesthetics and improve the outdoor communication environment.

[0028] In addition, by forming a pattern of a thin metal insulating layer provided in architectural insulating glass, the transmission, reflection, or shielding of radio waves can be freely controlled according to a specific frequency band.

[0029] Furthermore, by forming a pattern of a thin metal insulating layer provided in the architectural insulating glass, signals of a specific polarization are transmitted and signals of another polarization are reflected, thereby having the advantageous effect of simultaneously improving indoor communication quality and outdoor communication quality with a single architectural insulating glass.

[0030] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of Low-E glass.

[0031] Figure 2 shows an exemplary double-layer structure of Low-E glass.

[0032] Figure 3 shows the S-parameter measurement results according to single Low-E glass.

[0033] Figure 4 shows the S-parameter measurement results according to double low-e glass.

[0034] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary structure of an insulating glass for construction having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 illustrates the signal reflection or signal transmission characteristics according to polarization of the architectural insulating glass of Figure 5.

[0036] Figure 7 shows the arrangement of the first unit cell within the plane of the first insulating metal thin film layer of Figure 5.

[0037] Figure 8 shows the arrangement of the second unit cell within the plane of the second insulating metal thin film layer of Figure 5.

[0038] Figure 9 is an example of the first pattern of the first unit cell.

[0039] Figure 10 is an example of the second pattern of the second unit cell.

[0040] Figure 11 illustrates the transmission characteristics for the first polarized signal.

[0041] Figure 12 illustrates the reflection characteristics for the second polarized signal.

[0042] FIG. 13 illustrates square patches of a first pattern according to one side.

[0043] Figure 14 shows the change in S parameters according to the size and / or spacing of the square patches of Figure 13.

[0044] The present invention is capable of various modifications and may have various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail.

[0045] However, this is not intended to limit the invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that it includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0046] Terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various components, but said components should not be limited by said terms. Such terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be named the second component, and similarly, the second component may be named the first component. The term "and / or" includes a combination of a plurality of related described items or any of a plurality of related described items.

[0047] When it is stated that one component is "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that while it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, there may also be other components in between. On the other hand, when it is stated that one component is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between.

[0048] The terms used in this application are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, terms such as "comprising" or "having" are intended to specify the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this application.

[0050] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. In order to facilitate an overall understanding of the present invention, the same reference numerals are used for identical components in the drawings, and redundant descriptions of identical components are omitted.

[0051]

[0052] outline

[0053] As mentioned above, Low-E (Low-emissivity) glass, or low-emissivity glass, is widely used for energy saving purposes in modern commercial and residential construction. Low-E glass is a glass surface coated with an ultra-thin metal layer to reduce heat release; because it enhances indoor temperature maintenance and energy saving effects, it is particularly widely used as a window or building exterior material. In this regard, Fig. 1 is a conceptual diagram of Low-E glass. As shown in Fig. 1, Low-E glass can prevent indoor heating from escaping to the outside by reflecting solar rays from the outside or allowing visible light to pass through, while ensuring visibility by providing a Low-E coating on at least one surface of the glass window. In other words, the core technology of Low-E glass lies in reducing the loss of indoor heat to the outside through a heat-reflecting metal coating, and generally, such a coating can be composed of silver (Ag) or a metal oxide layer. The low-E coating layer reflects the sun's infrared wavelengths, preventing heat from entering the room during the summer and preventing heat from escaping during the winter.

[0054] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary double-layer structure of low-e glass. As illustrated in FIG. 2, architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity according to embodiments of the present invention may be configured to have a double-layer structure. For example, the double-layer structure may include an outer glass (10) and an inner glass (20), and may be configured to insert a spacer (31) between the outer glass and the inner glass and secure it with a sealant (33). An air layer may be disposed between the outer glass (10) and the inner glass (20), and the air layer may be filled with ordinary air or argon (Ar).

[0055] According to one aspect, a low-e coating may be provided on the inner surface (11) of the outer glass (10) and / or the inner surface (21) of the inner glass (20), but is not limited thereto. As illustrated exemplarily in FIG. 5, an architectural insulating glass (1000) having frequency selectivity according to an embodiment of the present invention may be described as having a first glass layer (100) and a metal thin film layer (200). Additionally, an architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity according to embodiments of the present invention may have a plurality of glass layers, such as a multilayer structure, as illustrated in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, and an insulating metal thin film layer may be provided on at least one of such glass layers. In addition, although the architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity according to the embodiments of the present invention is described as having an insulating metal thin film layer, the technical concept of the present invention is not limited to having only an insulating metal thin film layer, and it should be understood that an embodiment having a low-E coating layer comprising a plurality of layers, such as a metal thin film layer, a dielectric layer, and a coating layer, is included in the technical concept of the present invention.

[0056]

[0057] Meanwhile, while the introduction of a metal thin film layer in low-e glass offers excellent thermal insulation, it has the disadvantage of interfering with the transmission and reception of radio waves, which are a core element of modern information and communication technology. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the low-e coating can interfere with the transmission of signals from a base station to an indoor wireless terminal, and conversely, it can interfere with the transmission of signals from an indoor wireless terminal to a base station. This may be attributed to the fact that the low-e coating layer also reflects wireless signals.

[0058] FIG. 3 shows the S-parameter measurement results for single Low-E glass, and FIG. 4 shows the S-parameter measurement results for double Low-E glass. Samples #1 to #4 in FIG. 3 and samples #5 to #6 in FIG. 4 represent various commercially available Low-E glass models. S 21 Based on the results of parameter measurements, the basic transmission performance of Low-E glass was verified. It was confirmed that both single Low-E glass with a single Low-E coating layer and double Low-E glass with multiple Low-E coating layers exhibit a propagation loss of approximately 20 dB to 30 dB, although varying slightly depending on the frequency band, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. In other words, even if a signal of 100 dB reaches a building from the outside, only about 70 dB of signal is received indoors, resulting in a significant propagation loss of more than one-thousandth. To resolve the resulting dead zones, the number of base stations allocated to buildings is increased. This not only creates cost issues for expanding communication infrastructure but also leads to problems where energy consumption and carbon emissions increase due to the Low-E glass introduced for energy saving purposes.

[0059] In other words, Low-E glass has a multilayer thin coating consisting of metal and dielectric layers, which is visually transparent in the visible light band but has the characteristic of reflecting heat, while also having the problem of attenuating signals in wireless communication bands such as RF signals.

[0060] To address these issues, removing a portion of the metal thin film layer of insulating glass could be considered; however, since the removal of this layer results in a degradation of thermal insulation performance, it was difficult to simultaneously satisfy both radio wave transmittance and thermal insulation performance. Furthermore, modern wireless communication systems operate in a wide variety of ways, and the frequency bands used by each system are widely distributed; consequently, it is not easy to guarantee radio wave transmittance across various frequencies, and there may even be situations where security is required by shielding radio waves for specific frequency bands.

[0061] Meanwhile, as mentioned above, millimeter waves are used for information transmission and reception in communication systems such as 3GPP 5G and later. Since the straight-line propagation of millimeter waves can cause blind spots, various attempts are being made to utilize intelligent reconfigurable surfaces and, furthermore, electromagnetic skins (EM Skin) as solutions to address this. However, conventional EM skins have limitations in that they are difficult to apply in real life because they are fabricated by patterning metal on a substrate such as a PCB, without considering the appearance.

[0062] The present invention is intended to solve such problems. According to an embodiment of the present invention, an insulating glass for architecture having frequency selectivity can improve the outdoor communication environment by reflecting radio waves without compromising aesthetics by implementing an electromagnetic skin through the formation of an appropriate pattern on an insulating metal thin film layer provided in the insulating glass for architecture.

[0063] In addition, by forming a pattern of a thin metal insulating layer provided in architectural insulating glass, the transmission, reflection, or shielding of radio waves can be freely controlled according to a specific frequency band.

[0064] Furthermore, by forming a pattern of a thin metal insulating layer provided in the architectural insulating glass, signals of a specific polarization are transmitted and signals of another polarization are reflected, thereby having the advantageous effect of simultaneously improving indoor communication quality and outdoor communication quality with a single architectural insulating glass.

[0065] Meanwhile, the architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity according to the present invention as described above is designed by taking into account the thickness of the metal thin film layer of commonly used architectural insulating glass. That is, a pattern for frequency selection is designed by taking into account the thickness of, for example, 10 nm to 40 nm of the metal thin film layer included in the low-E coating layer of low-E glass, thereby making it possible to provide architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity that can guarantee actual mass production and commercialization possibilities.

[0066] Hereinafter, an insulating glass for construction having frequency selectivity according to embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0067]

[0068] Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity

[0069] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary structure of an architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 illustrates the signal reflection or signal transmission characteristics according to polarization of the architectural insulating glass of FIG. 5. Hereinafter, an architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6.

[0070] As illustrated in FIG. 5, an architectural insulating glass (1000) having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a first glass layer (100) and a first insulating metal thin film layer (200) disposed on one surface of the first glass layer. Additionally, the architectural insulating glass (1000) having frequency selectivity may include a second insulating metal thin film layer (400) facing the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) with a predetermined separation distance and a second glass layer (500) disposed on one surface of the second insulating metal thin film layer. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 5, a spacer (300) may be disposed between the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) and the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) to maintain a separation distance between the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) and the second insulating metal thin film layer (400), but is not limited thereto.

[0071] Note that the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) may, for example, be coated with silver (Ag) paste on the first glass layer (100), but is not limited thereto, and any metal material may be used to form the first insulating metal thin film layer (200). As a non-limiting example, the thickness of the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) may be 10 to 40 μm, but is not limited thereto.

[0072] Additionally, it should be noted that the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) may, for example, be coated with silver (Ag) paste on the second glass layer (500), but is not limited thereto, and any metal material may be used to form the second insulating metal thin film layer (400). As a non-limiting example, the thickness of the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) may be 10 to 40 μm, but is not limited thereto.

[0073] As described above, according to one aspect, the architectural insulating glass (1000) having frequency selectivity may be Low-E glass, but is not limited thereto. Furthermore, the technical concept of the present invention is not limited to having only a first metal thin film layer (200) and / or a second insulating metal thin film layer (400), and it should be understood that insulating glass having a Low-E coating layer including a metal thin film layer together with various additional layers such as a dielectric layer or a polygel coating is also included in the technical concept of the present invention. Additionally, the architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention may be implemented as a multilayer structure, for example, as shown in FIG. 2.

[0074] FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of a first unit cell within the plane of the first insulating metal thin film layer of FIG. 5, and FIG. 8 shows the arrangement of a second unit cell within the plane of the second insulating metal thin film layer of FIG. 5.

[0075] As illustrated in FIG. 7, the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) may include a plurality of first unit cells (210-1, ..., 210-n) arranged within the plane of the first insulating metal thin film layer (200). Here, the plane of the first insulating metal thin film layer may refer to the surface facing an optical or wireless signal when the first insulating metal thin film layer is positioned, as illustrated in FIG. 7, rather than the side of the first insulating metal thin film layer as illustrated in FIG. 5, for example. According to one aspect, each first unit cell may be formed over the entire thickness direction area extending from the front to the back of the first insulating metal thin film layer (200), but is not limited thereto. According to one aspect, a form in which the pattern of the unit cells is formed only partially in the thickness direction of the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) should also be understood to be included within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0076] As illustrated in FIG. 7, a plurality of first unit cells may be included within the plane of the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) in an arrangement of a plurality of rows and / or columns, such as, for example, n x n. According to one aspect, the first unit cells may be placed over the entire area of ​​the first insulating metal thin film layer (200), and according to another aspect, they may be placed only over at least a portion of the area of ​​the first insulating metal thin film layer (200). According to one aspect, by partially placing the unit cells in a predetermined area of ​​the first insulating metal thin film layer (200), at least one of selective transmission, absorption, or shielding for a specific frequency may be achieved while ensuring the thermal insulation performance of the insulating glass for architecture having frequency selectivity.

[0077] As illustrated in FIG. 8, the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) may include a plurality of second unit cells (410-1, ..., 410-n) arranged within the plane of the second insulating metal thin film layer (400). Here, the plane of the second insulating metal thin film layer may refer to the surface facing an optical or wireless signal when the second insulating metal thin film layer is positioned, as illustrated in FIG. 8, rather than the side of the second insulating metal thin film layer as illustrated in FIG. 5, for example. According to one aspect, each second unit cell may be formed over the entire thickness direction area extending from the front to the back of the second insulating metal thin film layer (400), but is not limited thereto. According to one aspect, a form in which the pattern of the unit cells is formed only partially in the thickness direction of the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) should also be understood to be included within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0078] As illustrated in FIG. 8, a plurality of second unit cells may be included within the plane of the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) in an arrangement of a plurality of rows and / or columns, for example, n x n. According to one aspect, the second unit cells may be placed over the entire area of ​​the second insulating metal thin film layer (400), and according to another aspect, they may be placed only over at least a portion of the area of ​​the second insulating metal thin film layer (400). According to one aspect, by partially placing the unit cells in a predetermined area of ​​the second insulating metal thin film layer (200), at least one of selective transmission, absorption, or shielding for a specific frequency may be achieved while ensuring the thermal insulation performance of the insulating glass for architecture having frequency selectivity.

[0079]

[0080] According to an architectural insulating glass (1000) having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention, a signal having one polarization can be used to improve indoor communication quality, and a signal having another polarization perpendicular thereto can be used to improve outdoor communication quality. That is, based on an architectural insulating glass (1000) having one frequency selectivity, both indoor communication quality and outdoor communication quality can be improved.

[0081] In addition, the architectural insulating glass (1000) having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention can simultaneously improve the quality of indoor communication and outdoor communication by performing patterning on the architectural insulating glass, such as Low-E glass. Here, without installing a separate structure to implement the EM skin, the EM skin can be implemented by combining it with the exterior wall of a building using architectural insulating glass (e.g., Low-E coated glass) which is widely used for energy saving. Therefore, it is possible to implement the EM skin without damaging the urban appearance.

[0082] Unlike conventional RIS or EM skins that use a separate radio wave surface to improve communication quality, a radio wave reflective surface is implemented by performing patterning on architectural insulating glass (e.g., Low-E coated glass) that is widely used for energy saving, so it can be applied in real life without compromising aesthetics.

[0083] FIG. 6 illustrates the signal reflection or signal transmission characteristics according to polarization of the architectural insulating glass of FIG. 5. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the architectural insulating glass (1000) having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention may be configured to transmit a signal (610) of the first polarization and reflect a signal (620) of the second polarization perpendicular to the direction of the first polarization, based on a pattern provided in at least a portion of the first unit cells (210) and a pattern provided in at least a portion of the second unit cells (410). As a non-limiting example, the signal of the first polarization (610) may be a horizontal polarization signal (H-pol) and the signal of the second polarization (620) may be a vertical polarization signal (V-pol), but is not limited thereto.

[0084] According to one aspect, in a building insulating glass (1000) having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention, a signal (610) of first polarization is used for transmitting and receiving information to a terminal located inside a building where the building insulating glass is installed, and a signal (620) of second polarization is used for transmitting and receiving information to a terminal located outside a building where the building insulating glass is installed. That is, the building insulating glass (1000) having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention is configured to transmit the signal (610) of first polarization so as to be used to improve indoor communication quality inside a building, and can be used to improve outdoor communication quality outside a building by operating as an EM skin or RIS that reflects the signal (620) of second polarization. As a non-limiting example, a horizontally polarized signal may be used to improve indoor communication coverage and a vertically polarized signal may be used to improve outdoor coverage, but is not limited thereto, and opposite forms may also be possible. To this end, phase mapping for indoor communication may be performed on the first polarized signal (610), and phase mapping for outdoor communication may be performed on the second polarized signal (620).

[0085] As a non-limiting example, the thickness (d1) of the first glass layer (100) and the thickness (d3) of the second glass layer (500) may be 5T, and the separation distance (d2) between the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) and the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) may be 14T, but is not limited thereto.

[0086] Meanwhile, as described above, the architectural insulating glass (1000) having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention may be configured to transmit a signal (610) of the first polarization based on a pattern provided in at least a part of the first unit cells (210) and a pattern provided in at least a part of the second unit cells (410), and to reflect a signal (620) of the second polarization perpendicular to the direction of the first polarization. Accordingly, since two layers of metal patterning are required, a double-layer insulating glass may be used in which two or more sheets of glass, such as the first glass layer (100) and the second glass layer (500) as shown in FIG. 5, are used. However, the technical concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, it is also possible to form a first insulating metal thin film layer (200) and a second insulating metal thin film layer (400) on each side of a single glass layer. An air gap or a gap equal to the thickness of the glass may be required between each metal pattern.

[0087]

[0088] Hereinafter, frequency-selective patterns formed in a first unit cell and / or a second unit cell according to embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail. Here, it should be noted that the patterns formed in the unit cell may be understood, for example, as a frequency-selective surface (FSS) or a metasurface, but are not limited to such names.

[0089] In this regard, for architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity, such as employing a multilayer structure, a low-reflection coating layer including a first metal thin film layer (200) or a second insulating metal thin film layer (400) can be formed on at least one surface of a first glass layer (10) and a second glass layer (20), as shown in FIG. 2. The first insulating metal thin film layer (200) and / or the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) according to embodiments of the present invention may be included in such a low-reflection coating layer, and the frequency selectivity patterns formed in the unit cell have the special characteristic of being arranged adjacent to a plurality of glass layers. Furthermore, since it is required to be formed to have a very thin thickness, for example, considering visibility, it is highly likely that the target frequency selectivity will not be achieved if a conventional FSS design is followed in which a metal layer of a certain thickness or more is provided. In addition, in a conventional FSS design, a metal layer having a pattern is required to be placed at the outermost edge. However, in the case of a pattern having frequency selectivity embedded in a double-layered insulating glass as shown in FIG. 2, glass layers are provided on both sides of the metal thin film layer, particularly when considering the general form in which a low-e coating layer is formed on the inner surface of the double-layered glass. Therefore, if a conventional FSS design is followed, frequency selectivity under desired conditions may not be achieved. Accordingly, the patterns of the metal thin film layer having frequency selectivity according to the embodiment of the present invention described below are designed to achieve the target frequency selectivity while maintaining the basic performance of the insulating glass, taking into account such specific characteristics.

[0090] Hereinafter, in this description, the longitudinal direction may refer to the height direction when, for example, architectural insulating glass having frequency selectivity according to embodiments of the present invention is placed in a building, but is not limited thereto. Hereinafter, in this description, 'longitudinal direction' and 'transverse direction' may be used to refer to different directions that are orthogonal to each other. For example, 'longitudinal direction' may be referred to as the 'first direction' and 'transverse direction' may be referred to as the 'second direction'. In addition, for convenience of explanation, the vertical direction in the drawing may be referred to as the vertical direction, and the horizontal direction in the drawing may be referred to as the horizontal direction. Furthermore, the 'first vertical direction' may be referred to as the 'upper direction' in the drawing, the 'second vertical direction' as the 'lower direction' in the drawing, the 'first horizontal direction' as the 'left direction' in the drawing, and the 'second horizontal direction' as the 'right direction' in the drawing. However, this is merely for convenience of explanation and should be understood that the specific description of a particular direction does not constitute a restrictive interpretation of the technical concept of the present invention.

[0091] A unit cell of a frequency selective surface (FSS) or metasurface that can be implemented in a first unit cell (210) provided in a first insulating metal thin film layer (200) and / or a second unit cell (410) provided in a second insulating metal thin film layer (400) is required to have anisotropic characteristics that exhibit different frequency response characteristics for each polarization. To this end, anisotropic structures such as dipoles and strips may be used. However, it should be noted that any structure that causes a phase delay in one polarization and is transparent to the other perpendicular polarization, even if it is not a dipole or a strip, may be used.

[0092] In other words, the first pattern provided in at least some of the first unit cells (210) provided in the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) or the second pattern provided in at least some of the second unit cells (410) provided in the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) may be configured to have different frequency response characteristics for the first polarization signal and the second polarization signal. Additionally, the first pattern provided in at least some of the first unit cells (210) provided in the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) or the second pattern provided in at least some of the second unit cells (410) provided in the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) may be configured to transmit the first polarization signal while causing a phase delay for the second polarization signal.

[0093]

[0094] FIG. 9 is an example of a first pattern of a first unit cell. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the first pattern provided in at least some of the first unit cells (210) provided in the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) may be a dipole pattern (220) extending longitudinally within the first unit cell (210). As a non-limiting example, for a side length (210D) of the first unit cell, the dipole pattern (220) may be formed to have a predetermined width (220W) and length (220L). As illustrated in FIG. 9, both ends of the dipole pattern (220) may be spaced apart from the top and bottom portions of the first unit cell (210). Accordingly, a first insulating metal thin film layer (200) comprising a plurality of first unit cells (210) may have a shape in which dipole patterns (220) having a predetermined length (2l) are arranged with a predetermined spacing (Dx). Here, the dipole patterns (220) have a predetermined inductance, and the longitudinal spacing between the dipole patterns (220) has a predetermined capacitance, so that the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) can function as an LC series circuit. In relation to one aspect, according to one aspect, a plurality of first unit cells (210) having dipole patterns (220), or a first insulating metal thin film layer (200) comprising them, may be configured to operate as a band stop filter in a target frequency band for a second polarization signal parallel to the extension direction of the dipole patterns (220) to reflect the second polarization signal. As a non-limiting example, a dipole may exhibit a reflective characteristic by operating as a band stop at the resonant frequency for a v-pol parallel to the longitudinal direction.

[0095] FIG. 10 is an example of a second pattern of a second unit cell. As shown in FIG. 10, the second pattern provided in at least some of the second unit cells (410) provided in the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) may be a strip pattern having a plurality of strips (421, 423, 425, 427) extending longitudinally within the second unit cell (220). In the strip pattern, each of the strips (421, 423, 425, 427) may be formed to have a predetermined width (420W) and a spacing (420G). As shown in FIG. 9, both ends of the strip pattern may be positioned to coincide with the upper and lower ends of the second unit cell (410). Accordingly, the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) comprising a plurality of second unit cells (410) may have a form in which a plurality of strips having a predetermined transverse spacing (Dx) are repeatedly arranged. Here, the strip pattern may operate as a circuit having a predetermined inductance. In relation to one aspect, according to one aspect, the plurality of second unit cells (410) having a strip pattern, or the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) comprising them, may be configured to operate as a High Pass Filter for a second polarization signal to perform a ground role, and to operate as a Low Pass Filter for a first polarization signal to transmit the first polarization signal. As a non-limiting example, the Strip may be configured to operate as a High Pass Filter for v-pol to perform a ground role and to operate as a Low Pass Filter for h-pol to transmit the radio wave.

[0096] FIG. 11 illustrates the transmission characteristics for a first polarized signal, and FIG. 12 illustrates the reflection characteristics for a second polarized signal. In relation to one aspect, a strip pattern as shown in FIG. 10 may be configured such that the transmission characteristics for the first polarized signal are changed by changing the thickness (420W) or spacing (420G) of the strip. As a non-limiting example, the H-pol may form a radio wave transmission characteristic for the H-pol similar to ordinary glass as shown in FIG. 11 by adjusting the thickness and spacing of the strip. Additionally, according to one aspect, a dipole pattern (220) as shown in FIG. 9 may be configured such that the resonant frequency or the direction of reflection of the radio wave is changed by changing the longitudinal length of the dipole pattern. As a non-limiting example, the resonance frequency can be lowered by increasing the length of the dipole for the V-pol, and by generating a phase difference and generating an omalous reflection according to phase mapping, the propagation direction can be reflected in a desired direction.

[0097] The phase mapping procedure can be performed simply by identifying the locations of base stations and radio shadow areas, and then calculating the reflection direction of phased array radio waves based on antenna theory by considering the angles of incidence and reflection. Alternatively, the phase mapping can be determined through an algorithm after simulating an urban environment. However, it should be noted that the technical concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any methodology for phase mapping may be applied.

[0098] FIG. 13 illustrates square patches of a first pattern according to one aspect. As illustrated in FIG. 13, for example, the first pattern that can be formed in a first unit cell (200) provided in a first insulating metal thin film layer (200) may further include a plurality of square patches disposed in an area other than the dipole pattern (220) inside the first unit cell (210). Although not illustrated in FIG. 13, the second pattern that can be formed in a second unit cell (400) provided in a second insulating metal thin film layer (400) may also include a plurality of square patches disposed in an area other than the plurality of strip patterns inside the second unit cell (410).

[0099] In this regard, the patterning method of the first pattern or the second pattern for the first insulating metal thin film layer (200) and / or the second insulating metal thin film layer (400) can be applied using methods such as laser etching or semiconductor lithography. In this regard, the etching area can be minimized for thermal insulation performance or fixing convenience, and to this end, the area for removing metal can be reduced by placing small square patches that do not affect reflective properties around the dipole or strip. As shown in FIG. 13, the square patches can be formed to have various sizes and spacings, such as smaller square patches (1310) or relatively large square patches (1320). In this regard, FIG. 14 shows the change in S parameters according to the size and / or spacing of the square patches of FIG. 13. As shown in FIG. 14, the smaller the size of the square patches and the wider the spacing, the more similar the characteristics are to the case where there are no additional square patches other than the dipole or strip (solid line in FIG. 14).

[0100]

[0101] Although the invention has been described above with reference to the drawings and embodiments, this does not mean that the scope of protection of the present invention is limited by the drawings or embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described in the following claims.

[0102] Although the present invention described above is explained based on a series of functional blocks, it is not limited by the aforementioned embodiments and attached drawings, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various substitutions, modifications, and changes are possible within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention.

[0103] The combination of the aforementioned embodiments is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments, and various forms of combinations in addition to the aforementioned embodiments may be provided as needed for implementation and / or as required.

[0104] In the aforementioned embodiments, methods are described based on flowcharts as a series of steps or blocks; however, the present invention is not limited to the order of the steps, and some steps may occur in a different order or simultaneously with other steps as described above. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the steps shown in the flowcharts are not exclusive, that other steps may be included, or that one or more steps of the flowcharts may be omitted without affecting the scope of the present invention.

[0105] The foregoing embodiments include examples of various aspects. While it is not possible to describe all possible combinations for representing various aspects, those skilled in the art will recognize that other combinations are possible. Accordingly, the present invention shall be deemed to include all other substitutions, modifications, and changes falling within the scope of the following claims.

[0106] [Explanation of the symbol]

[0107] 100: 1st glass layer

[0108] 200: First insulating metal thin film layer

[0109] 210-1 : 1st Unit Cell

[0110] 210-n : n-unit cell

[0111] 220 : Dipole pattern

[0112] 400: Second insulating metal thin film layer

[0113] 410-1 : 1st Unit Cell

[0114] 410-n : n-unit cell

[0115] 421 : Strip

[0116] 500: Second glass layer

Claims

1. As an insulating glass for architecture having frequency selectivity, First glass layer; A first insulating metal thin film layer disposed on one surface of the first glass layer; A second insulating metal thin film layer facing the first insulating metal thin film layer with a predetermined separation distance; and A second glass layer disposed on one surface of the second insulating metal thin film layer; comprising The first insulating metal thin film layer comprises a plurality of first unit cells arranged within the plane of the first insulating metal thin film layer, and The second insulating metal thin film layer comprises a plurality of second unit cells arranged within the plane of the second insulating metal thin film layer, and A structure configured to transmit a signal of the first polarization and reflect a signal of the second polarization perpendicular to the direction of the first polarization, based on a pattern provided in at least a portion of the first unit cells and a pattern provided in at least a portion of the second unit cells. Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

2. In Paragraph 1, The signal of the first polarization mentioned above is, It is used for transmitting and receiving information of a terminal located inside a building equipped with the above-mentioned architectural insulating glass, and The signal of the second polarization mentioned above is, Used for transmitting and receiving information from a terminal located outside a building equipped with the above-mentioned architectural insulating glass, Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

3. In Paragraph 1, A first pattern provided in at least a portion of the first unit cells or a second pattern provided in at least a portion of the second unit cells is, Configured to have different frequency response characteristics for the signal of the first polarization and the signal of the second polarization, Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

4. In Paragraph 1, A first pattern provided in at least a portion of the first unit cells or a second pattern provided in at least a portion of the second unit cells is, Configured to transmit the signal of the first polarization above while causing a phase delay with respect to the signal of the second polarization above, Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

5. In Paragraph 1, A first pattern provided in at least a portion of the first unit cells is, It is a dipole pattern extending longitudinally within the first unit cell, and The two ends of the above dipole pattern are spaced apart from the upper and lower portions of the first unit cell, Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

6. In Paragraph 5, The second pattern provided in at least a portion of the second unit cells is, A strip pattern having a plurality of strips extending longitudinally within the second unit cell, and The two ends of the above strip pattern are positioned to coincide with the upper and lower portions of the second unit cell, Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

7. In Paragraph 5, A plurality of first unit cells having the above dipole pattern, Configured to operate as a band stop filter in a target frequency band for a second polarization signal parallel to the extension direction of the dipole pattern above, to reflect the second polarization signal. Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

8. In Paragraph 6, A plurality of second unit cells having the above strip pattern, It operates as a high-pass filter for the above second polarization signal to perform the role of ground, and Configured to operate as a low-pass filter for the signal of the first polarization to transmit the signal of the first polarization, Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

9. In Paragraph 6, The above strip pattern is, Configured so that the transmission characteristics for the signal of the first polarization are changed by changing the thickness or spacing of the strip, Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

10. In Paragraph 6, The above dipole pattern is, Configured to change the resonance frequency or the direction of reflection of the radio wave by changing the longitudinal length of the above dipole pattern, Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

11. In Paragraph 5, The above first pattern is, A plurality of square patches further comprising a plurality of square patches disposed in an area other than the dipole pattern inside the first unit cell. Architectural insulating glass with frequency selectivity.

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