Agrochemical herbicide composition

Abstract

An agricultural composition for plant surfaces comprising at least one agrochemical compound, a diutan gum, a carrier fluid, and at least one superspreading surfactant, and a precision application device configured to dispense the agricultural composition.

Description

111324-FF (83219)AGROCHEMICAL HERBICIDE COMPOSITION

[0001] The present invention relates to an agrochemical composition for plant surfaces, a precision application device comprising the composition and uses of the same.BACKGROUND

[0002] Agrochemical compounds are biologically active materials such as herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides used by farmers and growers to control weeds and insect and fungal pests in, on, or around their crops. Typically, agrochemical compounds are supplied as a concentrate which is diluted with water before application to form the final composition to be applied. Typically, the diluted composition of agrochemical is applied by spray application. Spray application allows large areas to be covered relatively quickly. The spray can be applied by hand, by specialist tractor-mounted spray equipment or even by aircraft depending on the scale of the application. Conventional agrochemical spraying generally relies on producing a fan or cone of fine spray droplets from nozzles using a pressurised supply of dilute agrochemical formulation. This allows the application of dilute agrochemical evenly over relatively large areas with sweeps of the sprayer.

[0003] In recent times it has been recognised that for some applications it could be advantageous to use a more targeted application of agrochemical compositions, rather than evenly covering an entire area such as a field. For example, if individual weeds can be identified by an automated recognition system connected to an automated application system, then it should be possible for the system to apply herbicide just to those weeds. Similarly, if individual plants can be identified that are infested with insects or fungi then it should be possible to treat just those infested plants with an insecticide or fungicide. Alternatively, for crops that grow in regular rows an herbicide could be applied only in the space between the rows. For herbicides, this would allow the use of a non-selective herbicide (one which kills virtually all plants) to target the weeds amongst a growing crop plant. For all types of agrochemical compounds, it could also allow the use of a much lower average level of these compounds across the field as a whole, lowering costs for the farmer and reducing the amount of agrochemical compounds in the environment. This targeted spray application is known as “precision application”.

[0004] “Precision application” is defined as the application of agrochemical compounds or agrochemical compositions to discrete parts of the target location rather than the entire area111324-FF (83219)(broadcast application). Types of precision application include, but are not limited to, hooded / banded application, variable rate application using prescription maps and optical spot spraying. Precision application also includes this type of targeted application in non row crop type applications, such as in-furrow application or orchard spraying. For all types of precision application, the application device will likely require a specialist nozzle for more precisely directing the agrochemical product, typically these would be, but are not limited to, smaller angle hydraulic nozzles or jetting type nozzles. The most sophisticated of the precision application types is optical spot spraying which will include, on top of or in lieu of standard application equipment, an imaging system and an analysis system for deciding the application location.

[0005] Precision application requires a different type of spray pattern from the conventional one. By its nature, the precision spray is intended not to spread and cover a large area, but instead it must ideally land exactly where it is targeted and nowhere else. This calls for a spray pattern which is a small jet of liquid or narrow angle fan of fine droplets rather than traditional wide-angle fans or cones.

[0006] Precisely applying liquid agrochemical compounds in water, rather than using a broad spray, has revealed a significant issue. A considerable portion of the spray tends to bounce off or shatter into small droplets upon contact with the target, resulting in unintended landing at a distance from the intended area. This leads to an unintended dispersion of the agrochemical composition, affecting neighbouring plants and soil rather than landing precisely where intended. This undermines the whole concept of precision application. If a non-selective herbicide is being used to target weeds, then neighbouring crop plants may be damaged or killed. Additionally, more pesticide may be required to compensate for the material wasted on unintended areas.

[0007] The application of pesticides, including herbicides, is important in agriculture to control the growth of weeds, which interfere with the growth of crops. Pesticides / herbicides are sprayed from the air and due to wind, they could be carried to adjacent fields / roads and cause unwanted damage. Pesticide drift, also known as spray drift, is the movement of pesticide dust or droplets through the air at the time of application or soon after, to any site other than the area intended (off-target). Additionally, shatter, which occurs when spray droplets break into smaller d roplets, exacerbates drift because these smaller droplets are more easily carried away by wind or air currents. Another problem is droplet bounce, where spray droplets impact111324-FF (83219) a surface and rebound instead of ad hering, further reducing application efficiency and increasing the risk of off-target movement.

[0008] A further problem is that, although certain compounds / adjuvants can be added to agrochemical compositions to reduce both droplet bounce and droplet shatter, these compounds often diminish the overall spread or coverage of the pesticide / herbicide spray on the plant surfaces.

[0009] Therefore, it is highly desirable to minimize off-target movement, as well as to reduce droplet shatter and droplet bounce in order to ensure precise application, of the agrochemical compound, and to prevent damage to non-target areas. Thus, there is a need for agricultural compositions that offer low droplet bounce and shatter, and high coverage, ensuring an effective precision application.

[0010] It is an aim of the present invention to address one or more of the disadvantages associated with the prior art.BRIEF SUMMARYThe present invention pertains to an agricultural composition for plant surfaces comprising at least one agrochemical compound, a carrier fluid, optionally a diutan gum and at least one superspreading surfactant, and designed for plant surfaces, enhancing the spread of spray droplets on plant surfaces and improving their adhesion to these surfaces. Additionally, the use of a precision application device in combination with the agricultural composition of the present invention reduces droplet shatter or splash of the spray droplets and minimizes herbicide drift, ensuring the product is applied directly to the target area. This helps prevent off- target damage to crops or the environment. Aspects and embodiments of the invention provide an agricultural composition suitable for plant surfaces (for example hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces); a precisions application device for applying the agricultural composition; and use of the agricultural composition for precision application device as claimed in the appended claims.

[0011] In an aspect of the present invention for which protection is sought, there is provided an agricultural composition for plant surfaces comprising at least one agrochemical compound, a diutan gum, a carrier fluid, at least one superspreading surfactant and wherein the weight ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum is in the range of from 10:1 to 1 :10. In an embodiment, the weight ratio of the superspreading surfactant to the111324-FF (83219) diutan gum in the agricultural composition of the present invention is in the range between 5:1 to 1 :5, In a further embodiment, the weight ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum in the agricultural composition of the present invention is 2:1 .

[0012] Further, the agricultural composition of the present invention may optionally further comprise one or more adjuvants selected from the group consisting of dispersants, stabilizers, or tracers.

[0013] In an embodiment, the agricultural composition of the present invention includes at least one superspreading surfactant selected from the group consisting of 3 - (polyoxyethylen)propylheptamethyltrisiloxan; Oxirane, 2-methyl-, polymer with oxirane, mono[3-[1 ,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1 -[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1 -disiloxanyl]propyl] ether; mixture of polyglycerol ester and fatty acid ester; dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; alcohols, C13-15- branched and linear, butoxylated ethoxylated, or a combination thereof.In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a precision application device and agricultural composition, wherein the agricultural composition comprises an agrochemical compound, a diutan gum, carrier fluid and at least one superspreading surfactant configured to reduce the surface tension of the agricultural composition, wherein at least one superspreading surfactant configured to reduce the surface tension of the agricultural composition, wherein, and optionally, further comprising one or more adjuvants selected from the group consisting of dispersants, stabilizers, or tracers, wherein the ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum is in the range of from 10:1 to 1 :10, preferably 5:1 to 5:1 , more preferably 2: 1 to 1 :2, and wherein the precision application device is configured for dispensing the agricultural composition. Further, the precision application device may comprise at least one jetting nozzle or at least one flat fan nozzle.

[0014] Advantageously, the agricultural composition can be an herbicidal composition comprising a herbicidally active compound. In an embodiment the herbicidally active compound is selected form the group of bipyridinium herbicides and can act on the plant foliage tissue.

[0015] In yet another aspect, there is provided a method of controlling weeds in crops of useful plants, comprising: providing an agricultural composition comprising at least one agrochemical compound, a carrier fluid, a diutan gum and at least one superspreading111324-FF (83219) surfactant, in a precision application device, where the agricultural composition is dispensed by activating a nozzle in fluid communication with a source of the agricultural composition, and applying the agricultural composition to the weeds or their locus using the precision application device.

[0016] In a further aspect, the present invention relates to the use of an agricultural composition comprising at least one agrochemical compound, a carrier fluid, a diutan gum and at least one superspreading surfactant, comprised within a precision application device, wherein the precision application device is configured to be in fluid communication with a source of the agricultural composition and to dispense the agricultural composition in a controlled way through spray nozzle activation to discrete fraction of the target area with controlled droplet size, minimized droplet shatter, and enhanced coverage on plant surfaces.

[0017] Within the scope of this application, it is expressly intended that the various aspects, embodiments, examples and alternatives set out in the preceding paragraphs, in the claims and / or in the following description and drawings, and in particular the individual features thereof, may be taken independently or in any combination. That is, all embodiments and / or features of any embodiment can be combined in any way and / or combination, unless such features are incompatible. The applicant reserves the right to change any originally filed claim or file any new claim, accordingly, including the right to amend any originally filed claim to depend on and / or incorporate any feature of any other claim although not originally claimed in that manner.TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

[0018] The term "agrochemical compound" refers to chemical compounds used in agriculture, such as pesticides, (such as herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides), fertilizers and other substances that help manage agricultural ecosystems.

[0019] As used herein, 'herbicide' or 'herbicidally active compound' refers to a type of compound that, for example, kills, controls, or otherwise alters plant growth, particularly unwanted vegetation such as weeds. Herbicides can act by disrupting essential biological processes in plants, such as photosynthesis, protein synthesis, or root growth. These111324-FF (83219) compounds may target specific plant species (selective herbicides) or affect a wide range of plants (non-selective herbicides).

[0020] The term “spreader agent” herein, the context of pesticides, refers to a type of adjuvant added to the agricultural composition to improve its distribution and coverage on plant surfaces.

[0021] The term “superspreading surfactant” refers to a specialized surfactant that not only reduces surface tension but also enables liquids to spread over surfaces much more extensively and uniformly compared to regular spreading surfactants. Such compounds may be able to generate equilibrium surface tension values of 20 mN / m or less in an aqueous solution.

[0022] The term “surface tension” refers to a measure of the cohesive forces within the liquid that cause it to minimize its surface area.

[0023] The term “wetting” refers to the ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface, resulting from intermolecular interactions when the two are brought together. It is a critical factor in processes like coating, spreading, and adhesion. Wetting is influenced by the surface tension of the liquid and the nature of the solid surface, including its roughness and chemical composition.

[0024] The terms “spreader” or “spreading agent” or “surfactant” or "wetting agent "are used herein interchangeably.

[0025] The term “useful plants” refer to cultivated or naturally occurring plants that provide value, whether through economic, nutritional, medicinal, ecological, or aesthetic benefits.

[0026] The term “weight ratio” refers to the relative mass of one component to another in the agricultural composition.

[0027] The term “contact angle” refers to the angle at which a liquid droplet meets a solid surface. A lower contact angle indicates better wetting.

[0028] The term “droplet shatter” is defined as the break-up of a primary liquid droplet(s) of nominal diameter upon impact with a surface, that subsequently results in a higher number of smaller, secondary droplets which fall outside the area of initial impact.

[0029] The term “shatter reduction” is accordingly defined as percentage reduction in total number of secondary d roplets due to a change in the composition or in comparison to a reference composition.111324-FF (83219)

[0030] The terms “bounce” in the context of agrochemical applications, refers to the phenomenon where droplets of pesticide hit a plant surface and then rebound off instead of adhering to it.

[0031] Unless otherwise stated, quantities of components in percentages are given as percentages by total weight and all embodiments and preferred features may be combined in any combination.

[0032] Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” “certain embodiments,” “one or more embodiments” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases such as “in one or more embodiments,” “in certain embodiments,” “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment of the invention. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0033] In the claims, the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may fulfil the functions of several items re-cited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are re-cited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention aims to address the problem of reduced coverage (% area) or spreading of the spray solution on plant surface, while it also enhances the adhesion (retention) of the spray deposits (sprayed agricultural composition) to plant surfaces.

[0035] In an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an agricultural composition for plant surfaces comprising at least one agrochemical compound, a diutan gum, a carrier fluid, and at least one superspreading surfactant.

[0036] In an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an agricultural composition for plant surfaces comprising: at least one agrochemical compound a diutan gum, a carrier fluid, and at least one superspreading surfactant configured to reduce the surface tension of the111324-FF (83219) agricultural composition and , wherein the weight ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum is in the range of from 10:1 to 1 : 10, preferably in the range from 2:1 to 1 :2 .

[0037] The agricultural composition for plant (weed) surfaces of the present invention may further comprise optionally, one or more adjuvants selected from the group consisting of dispersants or stabilizers, or tracers.

[0038] In particular the agricultural composition of the present invention is useful for application on weeds, plants or crops with leaf surfaces.

[0039] There is also provided a system comprising a precision application device and an agricultural composition, the agricultural composition comprising at least one agrochemical compound a diutan gum, a carrier fluid, and at least one superspreading surfactant configured to reduce the surface tension of the agricultural composition, wherein the weight ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum is in the range of from 10:1 to 1 :10, preferably in the range from 2:1 to 1 :2 , and wherein the precision application device is configured to dispense the agricultural composition.

[0040] The agricultural composition of the present invention comprises a combination of a retaining agent and a superspreading surfactant that produces an improved, even synergistic, effect, significantly enhancing the efficacy of the pesticide by prolonging surface contact and improving its distribution across the plant area. Furthermore, the agricultural composition is effective on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces, ensuring uniform coverage and absorption, regardless of the surface properties of the plant.

[0041] Additionally, this enhancement is achieved through the integration of the agricultural formulation with the precision application technology of the present invention. The agricultural composition is a pesticide composition selected from the group consisting of insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and bactericides.

[0042] In this embodiment, the agrochemical compound is an active ingredient that functions as an herbicide, making the agricultural composition an herbicide composition.

[0043] Advantageously the agrochemical compound is used at the maximum usage rate per the label of the active ingredient.

[0044] The agrochemical compound may be used in an amount of from 0.0001 % to 25% by weight, such from 0.001 % to 20% by weight, or from 0.001 % to 5 % by weight, or from 0.005 % to 2 % by weight, or from 0.01 % to 2 % by weight, based on the total weight of the composition .111324-FF (83219)

[0045] One or more agrochemicals, or a salt of the agrochemical(s), selected from those given below is / are suitable for the present invention.

[0046] The agrochemical compound may be in mesomeric forms, as well as stereoisomers or enantiomers and, where applicable, various polymorphic modifications.

[0047] More preferably, suitable herbicides include pinoxaden, bicyclopyrone, mesotrione, fomesafen, tralkoxydim, napropamide, amitraz, propanil, pyrimethanil, dicloran, tecnazene, toclofos methyl, flamprop M, 2,4-D, MCPA, mecoprop, clodinafop-propargyl, cyhalofop-butyl, diclofop methyl, haloxyfop, quizalofop-P, indol-3-ylacetic acid, 1 -naphthylacetic acid, isoxaben, tebutam, chlorthal dimethyl, benomyl, benfuresate, dicamba, dichlobenil, benazolin, triazoxide, fluazuron, teflubenzuron, phenmedipham, acetochlor, alachlor, metolachlor, pretilachlor, thenylchlor, alloxydim, butroxydim, clethodim, cyclodim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, pendimethalin, dinoterb, bifenox, oxyfluorfen, acifluorfen, fluazifop, S-metolachlor, glyphosate, glufosinate, paraquat, diquat, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, bromoxynil, ioxynil, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazapic, imazamox, flumioxazin, flumiclorac-pentyl, picloram, amodosulfuron, chlorsulfuron, nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, triasulfuron, triallate, pebulate, prosulfocarb, molinate, atrazine, simazine, cyanazine, ametryn, prometryn, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, sulcotrione, isoproturon, linuron, fenuron, chlorotoluron, metoxuron, iodosulfuron, mesosulfuron, diflufenican, flufenacet, fluroxypyr, aminopyralid, pyroxsulam, XDE-848 Rinskor and halauxifen-methyl.

[0048] Suitable fungicides include isopyrazam, mandipropamid, azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, kresoxim methyl, mefenoxam, famoxadone, metominostrobin, picoxystrobin, cyprodanil, carbendazim, thiabendazole, dimethomorph, vinclozolin, iprodione, dithiocarbamate, imazalil, prochloraz, fluquinconazole, epoxiconazole, flutriafol, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, hexaconazole, paclobutrazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, triadimefon, trtiticonazole, fenpropimorph, tridemorph, fenpropidin, mancozeb, metiram, chlorothalonil, thiram, ziram, captafol, captan, folpet, fluazinam, flutolanil, carboxin, metalaxyl, bupirimate, ethirimol, dimoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, orysastrobin, metominostrobin, prothioconazole, adepidyn, bixafen, fluxapyroxad, prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin, revysol, solatenol and xemium.

[0049] Suitable insecticides include thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, nitenpyram, fipronil, abamectin, emamectin, tefluthrin, emamectin benzoate, bendiocarb, carbaryl, fenoxycarb, isoprocarb, pirimicarb, propoxur, xylylcarb, asulam,111324-FF (83219) chlorpropham, endosulfan, heptachlor, tebufenozide, bensultap, diethofencarb, pirimiphos methyl, aldicarb, methomyl, cyprmethrin, bioallethrin, deltamethrin, lambda cyhalothrin, cyhalothrin, cyfluthrin, fenvalerate, imiprothrin, permethrin, halfenprox, oxamyl, flupyradifurone, sedaxane, inscalis, rynaxypyr, cyantraniliprole, sulfoxaflor and spinetoram.

[0050] Suitable plant growth regulators include paclobutrazole, trinexapac-ethyl and 1 methylcyclopropene. Suitable safeners include benoxacor, cloquintocet-mexyl, cyometrinil, dichlormid, fenchlorazole- ethyl, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, mefenpyr-diethyl, MG-191 , naphthalic anhydride and oxabetrinil.

[0051] Suitably, the agrochemical compound is selected from bicyclopyrone, mesotrione, pinoxaden, fomesafen, tralkoxydim, napropamide, amitraz, propanil, pyrimethanil, dicloran, tecnazene, toclofos methyl, flamprop M, 2,4-D, MCPA, mecoprop, clodinafop-propargyl, cyhalofop-butyl, diclofop methyl, haloxyfop, quizalofop-P, indol-3-ylacetic acid, 1 - naphthylacetic acid, isoxaben, tebutam, chlorthal dimethyl, benomyl, benfuresate, dicamba, dichlobenil, benazolin, triazoxide, fluazuron, teflubenzuron, phenmedipham, acetochlor, alachlor, metolachlor, pretilachlor, thenylchlor, alloxydim, butroxydim, clethodim, cyclodim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, pendimethalin, dinoterb, bifenox, oxyfluorfen, acifluorfen, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, bromoxynil, ioxynil, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazapic, imazamox, flumioxazin, flumiclorac-pentyl, picloram, amodosulfuron, chlorsulfuron, nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, triasulfuron, triallate, pebulate, prosulfocarb, molinate, atrazine, simazine, cyanazine, ametryn, prometryn, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, sulcotrione, isoproturon, linuron, fenuron, chlorotoluron, metoxuron, isopyrazam, mandipropamid, azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, kresoxim methyl, famoxadone, metominostrobin and picoxystrobin, cyprodanil, carbendazim, thiabendazole, dimethomorph, vinclozolin, iprodione, dithiocarbamate, imazalil, prochloraz, fluquinconazole, epoxiconazole, flutriafol, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, hexaconazole, paclobutrazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, triadimefon, trtiticonazole, fenpropimorph, tridemorph, fenpropidin, mancozeb, metiram, chlorothalonil, thiram, ziram, captafol, captan, folpet, fluazinam, flutolanil, carboxin, metalaxyl, bupirimate, ethirimol, dimoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, orysastrobin, metominostrobin, prothioconazole, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, nitenpyram, fipronil, abamectin, emamectin, bendiocarb, carbaryl, fenoxycarb, isoprocarb, pirimicarb, propoxur, xylylcarb, asulam, chlorpropham, endosulfan, heptachlor, tebufenozide, bensultap, diethofencarb, pirimiphos111324-FF (83219) methyl, aldicarb, methomyl, cyprmethrin, bioallethrin, deltamethrin, lambda cyhalothrin, cyhalothrin, cyfluthrin, fenvalerate, imiprothrin, permethrin, halfenprox, paclobutrazole, 1 - methylcyclopropene, benoxacor, cloquintocet-mexyl, cyometrinil, dichlormid, fenchlorazole- ethyl, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, mefenpyr-diethyl, MG-191 , naphthalic anhydride and oxabetrinil. Preferred agrochemical active ingredients are selected from fomesafen (suitably as the sodium salt), mesotrione, nicosulfuron, pinoxaden, isopyrazam, epoxiconazole, solatenol and cyantraniliprole.

[0052] The agricultural composition comprises one or more agrochemical compound, where the agrochemical compound is a herbicidally active compound, wherein the one or more herbicidally active compounds act on the plant foliage tissue.

[0053] The one or more herbicidally active compounds can be selected from the group of bipyridinium herbicides, such as paraquat dichloride, diquat dibromide, moroxydine, or cyperquat.

[0054] Preferred active ingredients are those that non-systemic (contact) pesticides as these interact favourably with superspreaders to improve efficacy in preventative applications. Contact pesticides are compounds which can damage outer plant leaf tissues as in case of bipyridinium herbicides (e.g. paraquat), benzoic acids, fatty acids (pelargonic acid), benzothiadiazoles (bentazon), nitriles (benoxynil, ioxynil), phenols (disonesb). The movement of these compounds is restricted inside the plant tissues either due to the inherent physical properties of the compound itself or due to the rapid activity which causes damage in plant tissues and restricts movement throughout the plant. Thus, spreading the compound to larger surface are on leaf can improve biological efficacy due to the larger area that is covered with the compound on the plant surface. It is therefore preferred that the at least one agrochemical acts on the leaf tissue.

[0055] The agrochemical compound is a herbicidally active compound that can be selected from the group consisting of N, N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride (paraquat), 6,7- dihydrodipyrido[1 ,2-a:2',1 '-c]pyrazinediium dibromide, protoporphyrinogen oxidase, N- (Phosphonomethyl)glycine, 2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl) phosphoryl] butanoic acid.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the one or more agrochemical compounds in the agricultural composition of the present invention include a herbicidally active compound, wherein the herbicidally active compound is N, N-dimethyl-4,4-bipyridinium dichloride (also known as paraquat or paraquat dichloride).111324-FF (83219)

[0057] Paraquat dichloride (CAS: 4685-14-7) is an organic chloride salt and a member of the bipyridinium class of herbicides. It functions by acting as a photosystem-l inhibitor, disrupting photosynthesis in plant cells. Accordingly, compounds that interact favourably with superspreaders are non-systemic insecticides and protectant fungicide compounds. In the first case, the compounds are designed to kill via contact with or ingestion of surface residues shortly after application on the aerial plant parts. Non systemic insecticides are for example the pyrethroids (tetramethrin, cypermethrin), some organophosphates (e.g. chlorpyrifos), carbamates (carbosulfan, fometanate, xylycarb), macrocyclic insecticides (abamectin, emamectin, milbemectin), organochlorines (chlordane, dicofol, endosulfan, heptachlor, methoxychlor). In the latter case, contact fungicide compounds are generally multi-site inhibitors like inorganics (coper hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate), phthalimides (captan), chloronitriles (chlorothalonil), dithiocarbamtes (nacozeb, manec, zineb, ziram).

[0058] Retention, spreading, and uptake are important factors in the delivery chain of an applied agricultural (herbicide) spray solution, encompassing the entire process from nozzle discharge to absorption by the plant. Effective retention ensures that the droplets adhere to the plant surface upon application. Enhanced spreading maximizes the coverage area, allowing for more uniform application and better efficacy. The agricultural composition of the present invention may achieve improved droplet retention on plant surfaces, and enhanced spreading.

[0059] Applicants have surprisingly found that the combination of a retaining agent and a superspreading surfactant produces an improved, even synergistic, effect, significantly enhancing the efficacy of the pesticide when applied on the plant surface. The retaining agent prolongs the contact time, while the superspreading surfactant promotes efficient and uniform distribution across the target surface (plant surface).

[0060] Retaining agents are type of adjuvants, which can be used in an agricultural spray solution to improve the adherence of the spray droplets to plant surfaces and may reduce the shatter of the agricultural composition. The retaining agent alters the viscoelastic properties of the spray solution. It may increase the elongational viscosity of the spray solution, i.e. the agricultural composition, making the droplets more cohesive and less prone to shatter. Higher viscosity solutions form droplets that are less likely to break apart when they hit the plant surface.111324-FF (83219)

[0061] The retaining agent can be selected from one or more polysaccharides, such as one or more of diutan gum, native and modified guar gums, xanthan gum, natural and / or modified cellulosic, and / or modified cellulosics, alginate, carrageenan, locust bean gum, pectin, starch, agar, or konjac gum.

[0062] The retaining agent of the agricultural composition can be a diutan gum, a polysaccharide that serves as a rheology modifier. When diutan gum is added to herbicide sprays, it enhances the spray's adherence to plant surfaces. This results in reduced dripping and minimizes loss of the agricultural, in particular herbicide composition, after application.

[0063] Diutan gum (also known as heterpolysaccharide S-657) is prepared by fermentation of strain Sphingomonas sp. ATCC 53159 and exhibits thickening, suspending, and stabilizing properties in aqueous solutions. Diutan generally exhibits a hexameric repeat unit consisting of four sugars in the backbone (glucose-glucuronic acid-glucose-rhamnose) and a side chain of two rhamnose residues attached to one of the glucose residues. Details of the diutan gum structure may be found in an article by Chowd hury, T. A., B. Lindberg, U. Lindquist and J. Baird, Carbohydrate Research 164 (1987) 117-122. Diutan was shown to have two acetyl substituents per repeat unit within Diltz et al., Carbohydrate Research 331 (2001 ) 265-270. Both of these references are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Details of preparing diutan gum may be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,175,278, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The diutan gum may be present in a concentration ranging of from 0.0001 % to 1 % by weight of the total composition. For example, the diutan gum may be present in the range of from or from 0.01 % to 1 wt %, or from 0.05 % to 0.5 % by weight, based on the total weight of the agricultural composition.

[0064] For example, the diutan gum used the present invention can consists of repeating units of p-1 ,3-D-glucopyranosyl, p-1 ,4-D-glucuronopyranosyl, p-1 ,4-D-glucopyranosyl, and a-1 ,4-L- rhamnopyranosyL Additionally, it has a two-saccharide L-rhamnopyranosyl side chain attached to the (1 ^4)-linked glucopyranosyl residue (supplied by CP Kelco).

[0065] In an embodiment, the diutan gum is present in the agricultural composition in a concentration ranging of from 0.0001 % to 2% by weight of the total composition. For example, the diutan gum in the agricultural composition of the present invention can be in the range between 0.005% to 1 .5% by weight, or between 0.001 % to 1 % by weight, or between 0.005 % and 0.5 % by weight, or between 0.001 % and 0.4 % by weight, or between 0.01 % and 0.3 % by111324-FF (83219) weight, or between 0.02 % and 0.2 % by weight. Any of the preceding end points may be combined in any combination.

[0066] In an embodiment, the diutan gum may be present in an amount of from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the agricultural composition.

[0067] While diutan gum improves how well the spray sticks to the plant, it also reduces the overall spread or coverage of the spray on the plant's surface. This can be a problem for contact herbicide compounds. Contact herbicides are type of herbicides that kill plants by making contact with their leaves. Because contact herbicides need to cover the leaves thoroughly to work well, the reduced coverage caused by the diutan gum can lower its effectiveness.

[0068] Therefore, a superspreading surfactant, also known as spreader agent or superspreader, needs to be added to ensure better coverage. The interaction between diutan gum and superspreading surfactants improves the effectiveness of the agricultural composition on the plant surface.

[0069] Superspreading surfactants are a specialized class of surfactants that differ significantly from regular or traditional surfactants due to their ability to create extremely thin liquid films and drastically reduce surface tension. When added at low concentrations these surfactants can significantly reduce the surface tension of water, transforming a droplet into an ultra-thin film with an almost zero contact angle. This enables the water to spread up to10 times, or even up to 50 times more than pure water.

[0070] Unlike typical surfactants, superspreading surfactants can cause water to spread across waxy or hydrophobic surfaces, which normally resist wetting. Although the exact way superspreading works is not fully understood, a defining feature of superspreading surfactants is their remarkable ability to significantly lower the contact angle between liquid droplets and the surfaces they interact with. This reduction in contact angle allows the formation of an ultrathin, continuous liquid film over the entire surface, ensuring more uniform coverage with significantly less product. Such efficient film formation can be crucial for the effective distribution of agrochemicals across large plant surfaces, optimizing application while reducing waste. This enhanced coverage may result in better absorption and efficacy, even on hydrophobic or waxy plant surfaces, which are typically resistant to wetting.

[0071] In an embodiment, the agricultural composition comprises at least one superspreading surfactant that improves the spread and coverage of the agricultural composition. By incorporating superspreading agents, the formulation maximizes contact with111324-FF (83219) plant surfaces, ensuring that the active ingredients reach even the most difficult-to-wet areas of the plant.

[0072] Additionally, the use of such superspreading surfactants can reduce the amount of spray solution required, lowering environmental impact and application costs while maintaining or enhancing pest and disease control. Incorporating these surfactants into agricultural compositions ensures extensive coverage and maximizes the overall performance of the agrochemical application.

[0073] They help ensure that the pesticide covers more of the plant (weed) surface, increasing the likelihood of pest or weed control.

[0074] The agricultural composition comprises at least one superspreading surfactant, wherein the superspreading surfactant can be an organosilicon-based surfactant, preferably a non-ionic organosilicon-based surfactant, such as organosilicone ethoxylates. Suitable organosilicone ethoxylates may include organomodified polysiloxanes and trisiloxane alkoxylates, such as Silwet® L77 (CAS No. 27306-78-1 ), Silwet® 408(CAS No. 67674-67-3), Silwet® 806 (CAS No. 134180-76-0), BreakThru® S240 (CAS No. 67674-67-3), and BreakThru® S278 (CAS No. 134180-76-0).

[0075] Also, other types of superspreading surfactants can be used in the agricultural composition of the present invention, such as Aerosol OT-B (Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, CAS 577-1 1 -7), and Plurafac® LF221 . Plurafac® LF221 , also known as butoxylated and ethoxylated C13-15 branched and linear alcohols, is a surfactant with the CAS Number 1 1 1905- 53-4. It is referred to chemically as Alcohols, C13-15-branched and linear, butoxylated ethoxylated.

[0076] Although certain superspreading surfactants are exemplified, the agricultural composition is not limited thereto.

[0077] Further, the superspreading surfactants can also be used alone, or in combination with diutan gum in the present invention, as shown in Tables 1 -2.

[0078] In an embodiment, the agricultural composition of the present invention comprises at least one superspreading surfactant selected from 3- (polyoxyethylene)propylheptamethyltrisiloxane (CAS 27306-78-1 , Silwett L-77), Oxirane, 2- methyl-, polymer with oxirane, mono[3-[1 ,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1 -[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1 - disiloxanyl]propyl] ether (CAS 134180-76-0, Break thru S240), mixture of polyglycerol ester and111324-FF (83219) fatty acid ester (BreakThru® SP133), ), dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (Aerosol OT-B); or a combination thereof.

[0079] In an embodiment, the agricultural composition of the present invention comprises at least one superspreading surfactant is selected from the group consisting of 3-(polyoxyethylen)propylheptamethyltrisiloxan (Silwet L-77); Oxirane, 2-methyl-, polymer with oxirane, mono[3-[1 ,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1 -[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1 -disiloxanyl]propyl] ether (Break thru S240); mixture of polyglycerol ester and fatty acid ester (Break thru SP133), dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (Aerosol OT-B); alcohols, C13-15-branched and linear, butoxylated ethoxylated (Plurafac LF221 , also defined as alkoxylated, predominantly unbranched fatty alcohols having a higher alkene oxides alongside ethylene oxide), or a combination thereof.

[0080] The agricultural composition may comprise one or more regular surfactants as adjuvants in addition to the at least one superspreading surfactant, referred herein to as “surfactants”.

[0081] The surfactants can be ionic or non-ionic.For example, suitable ionic surfactants are the alkali, alkaline earth and ammonium salts of aromatic sulphonic acids, for example of lignosulphonic acid, phenolsulphonic acid, naphthalenesulphonic acid, dibutylnaphthalenesulphonic acid or of fatty acids, alkyl- and alkylarylsulfonates, alkylsulphates, lauryl ether sulphates and fatty alcohol sulphates, and salts of sulphated hexa- , hepta- and octa-decanols, and of fatty alcohol glycol ethers, condensates of sulfonated naphthalene and its derivatives with formaldehyde, condensates of naphthalene or of the naphthalenesulphonic acids with phenol and formaldehyde, polycarboxylates or phosphate esters of alkoxylated alcohols.

[0082] Further, an example of suitable nonionic surfactants are polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ethers, alkoxylated alcohols such as ethoxylated isooctyl-, octyl- or nonyl-phenol, alkylphenyl polyglycol ethers, tributylphenyl polyglycol ethers, alkylaryl polyether alcohols, isotridecyl alcohol, fatty alcohol / ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated castor oil, alkyl polyglycosides, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers or polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, lauryl alcohol polyglycol ether acetate, sorbitol esters, lignin-sulfite waste liquors and also proteins, denatured proteins, hydrophobically modified starches, polyvinyl alcohols (for example Mowiol®), polyalkoxylates, polyvinylamines, polyethyleneimines, polyvinylpyrrolidones and their copolymers or block polymers.111324-FF (83219)

[0083] In an embodiment, the at least one surfactant is selected from the group of, dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, a mixture of polyglycerol and fatty acid esters, fatty alcohol alkoxylate, or combinations thereof.

[0084] Preferably, at least one superspreading surfactant is selected from non-ionic surfactants, such as organosilicon surfactants, which are known for their ability to reduce surface tension and improve the spreading and wetting properties of agrochemical formulations.

[0085] For example, the organosilicon superspreading surfactants are formulated with unique silicone-based compounds that reduce the surface tension of these agricultural compositions, allowing them to spread more evenly across plant foliage. Organosilicon superspreading surfactants not only aid in better coverage and adhesion but also facilitate the absorption of agrochemicals by plant tissues.

[0086] This is particularly important for plants with hydrophobic leaves, such as Amaranthus retroflexus (European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) code: AMARE). Amaranthus retroflexus (commonly known as redroot pigweed), are often considered weeds in agricultural and gardening contexts. Hydrophobic surfaces are those that repel water, causing water and water-based solutions to bead up and roll off rather than spreading and adhering. The present agricultural composition can be specifically effective for hydrophobic surfaces, addressing the challenges posed by these types of leaves. The leaves of Amaranthus retroflexus are considered hydrophobic due to the presence of small hairs (trichomes) on the surface. These trichomes can make the leaves water-repellent, causing water and water-based solutions like many herbicides to bead up and roll off rather than sticking to and being absorbed by the leaf surface. Although Amaranthus retroflexus is given as a specific example, the effectiveness of the present composition is not limited to this plant alone but applies to plant surfaces in general.

[0087] The agricultural composition of the present invention comprising a combination of a superspreading surfactant with a diutan gum as retention aid significantly can enhance the bioefficacy of paraquat dichloride (also known as paraquat) in controlling Amaranthus retroflexus.

[0088] Examples of suitable superspreading surfactants that are commercially available include Break Thru S301 , Break Thru S240, Break Thru SP 133, Silwet L-77, Silwet Gold, Kinetic, HyperSpread 100. HyperSpread 100 is a silicone-based trisiloxane. BreakThru® S301 is a111324-FF (83219) polyether-modified trisiloxane, which is a trisiloxane-based surfactant known for its superspreading capabilities. BreakThru® SP133 is a polyglycerol ester.

[0089] Silwet® L-77 is an organosilicone trisiloxane ethoxylate. Silwet® Gold is another modified trisiloxane surfactant.

[0090] BreakThru® S240 is another organomodified polyether trisiloxane surfactant, specifically polyalkyleneoxide-modified heptamethyltrisiloxane (CAS: 67674-67-3) with a surface tension of less than 22 mN / m, as measured by the Maximum Bubble Pressure Method (ASTM D3825).

[0091] In an embodiment, the superspreading surfactant used in the agricultural composition of the present invention is 3-(polyoxyethylen)propylheptamethyltrisiloxan (CAS number : 27306-78-1 , Silwet L-77).

[0092] In an alternative embodiment, the superspreading surfactant used in the agricultural composition of the present invention, is oxirane, methyl-, polymer with oxirane, mono[3- [1 ,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1 -[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]disiloxanyl]propyl] ether (CAS number : 134180-76- 0, available as BreakThru® S278 or Silwet® 806).

[0093] For example, the superspreading surfactant for the agricultural composition of the present invention can be selected from the group of dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, a mixture of polyglycerol and fatty acid esters, fatty alcohol alkoxylate (Aerosol OT-B).

[0094] The weight ratio of the superspreading agent to diutan gum in the agricultural composition of the present invention can be in the range between 10:1 to 1 :10, preferably 5:1 to 1 :5, more preferably 3:1 to 1 :3, even more preferably 2:1 to 1 :2.

[0095] For example, the weight ratio of the superspreading agent to diutan gum in the agricultural composition can be in the range between 5:1 and 2:1 , or 4:1 and 2:1 , or 3:1 and 2:1 .

[0096] In an embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of the superspreading agent to diutan gum in the agricultural composition of the present invention is in the range of 5:1 to 1 :5, preferably with a weight ratio of 3:1 to 1 :3, more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 to 1 :2, even more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 .

[0097] In an embodiment, the weight ratio of 3-(polyoxyethylen)propylheptamethyltrisiloxan to diutan gum in the agricultural composition of the present invention is in the range of 5: 1 to 1 :5, preferably with a weight ratio of 3:1 to 1 :3, more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 to 1 :2, even more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 .111324-FF (83219)

[0098] In an alternative embodiment, the weight ratio of oxirane, methyl-, polymer with oxirane, mono[3-[1 ,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1 -[(trimethylsilyl)oxy] disiloxanyl] propyl] ether to diutan gum in the agricultural composition of the present invention is in the range of 5:1 to 1 :5, preferably with a weight ratio of 3:1 to 1 :3, more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 to 1 :2, even more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 .

[0099] In an embodiment, the weight ratio of Oxirane, 2-methyl-, polymer with oxirane, mono[3-[1 ,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1 -[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1 -disiloxanyl]propyl] ether to diutan gum in the agricultural composition of the present invention is in the range of 5:1 to 1 :5, preferably with a weight ratio of 3:1 to 1 :3, more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 to 1 :2, even more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 .

[0100] In another embodiment, the weight ratio of the mixture of polyglycerol ester and fatty acid ester superspreading surfactant (Break thru SP133) to diutan gum in the agricultural composition of the present invention is in the range of 5:1 to 1 :5, preferably with a weight ratio of 3:1 to 1 :3, more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 to 1 :2, even more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 .

[0101] In a further embodiment, the weight ratio of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (Aerosol OT-B) to diutan gum in the agricultural composition of the present invention is in the range of 5:1 to 1 :5, preferably with a weight ratio of 3:1 to 1 :3, more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 to 1 :2, even more preferably with a weight ratio of 2:1 .

[0102] Superspreading surfactants are employed as agricultural composition components and may be present in an amount of from 0.0001 % to 3% by weight, or from 0. 001 to 3 % by weight, or from 0.001 % to 2% by weight, or from 0.1 % to 2 % by weight, or from 0.1 to 1 % by weight, or from 0.1 % to 0.5 % by weight, or from 0.1 % to 0.4 % by weight.

[0103] Advantageously, the agricultural composition may have a surface tension in the range of from 10 mN / m to 45 mN / m, preferably 20mN / m to 40 mN / m, as measured by Wilhelmy plate method, ASTM D1331 -14. This low surface tension enhances the composition's ability to spread evenly and extensively across the plant (leaf) surfaces, particularly those with hydrophobic (water-repellent) characteristics, but also on hydrophilic plant surfaces. This further results in a more efficient use of the agrochemical compound (herbicide), potentially lowering the required dosage and minimizing environmental impact.

[0104] If the surface tension of the agricultural composition is higher than 45 mN / m, then the liquid (agricultural composition) is less able to spread across plant surfaces, which can lead to111324-FF (83219) forming droplets instead of a thin film. On the other hand, if the surface tension is below 10 mN / m, the agricultural composition might not adhere well to the surfaces it reaches. This could result in insufficient contact time with the plant leaves.

[0105] In an embodiment, the agricultural composition comprises N, N'-dimethyl-4,4'- bipyridinium dichloride as an agrochemical compound, a diutan gum, a 3- (polyoxyethylen)propylheptamethyltrisiloxan as a superspreading surfactant, optionally sodium fluorescein and water.

[0106] In an alternative embodiment, the agricultural composition comprises N, N'-dimethyl- 4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride as an agrochemical compound, a diutan gum, an oxirane, methyl-, polymer with oxirane, mono[3-[1 ,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1 -[(trimethylsilyl)oxy] disiloxanyl] propyl] ether as a superspreading surfactant, optionally sodium fluorescein and water.

[0107] The agricultural composition may optionally further comprise, and one or more adjuvants selected from the group consisting of dispersants, stabilizers, or tracers.

[0108] In another aspect, there is provided a precision application device configured for dispensing an agricultural composition, comprising an agrochemical compound, a diutan gum, carrier fluid and at least one superspreading surfactant configured to reduce the surface tension of the agricultural composition, wherein the weight ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum is in the range of from 10: 1 to 1 :10, preferably 5:1 to 5:1 , more preferably 2:1 to 1 :2, even more preferably the weight ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum is 2:1 . Further, the agricultural composition may have a surface tension in the range of from 20 mN / m to 40 mN / m, as measured by Wilhelmy plate method, ASTM D1331 -14.

[0109] There is also provided a system for the targeted and controlled application of agricultural compositions comprising a precision application device in combination with the agricultural composition described above forming, wherein the device enables accurate delivery of the agricultural composition to target plant (weed) areas, thereby enhancing application efficiency and minimizing off-target impact.

[0110] There is also provided a kit comprising a precision application device and the agricultural composition, wherein the agricultural composition comprises an agrochemical compound, a diutan gum, carrier fluid and at least one superspreading surfactant configured to reduce the surface tension of the agricultural composition, and wherein the weight ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum is in the range of from 10:1 to 1 : 10,111324-FF (83219) preferably 5:1 to 5:1 , more preferably 2:1 to 1 :2, even more preferably the weight ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum is 2:1 , and wherein the precision application device is configured to dispense the agricultural composition.

[0111] The agricultural composition may optionally, further comprise one or more adjuvants selected from the group consisting of dispersants, stabilizers, or tracers.

[0112] The use of a precision application device in combination with the agrochemical composition of the present invention, which is comprised within the precision application device, reduces droplet shatter or splash and ensures that the spray solution is delivered in a controlled and efficient manner. This results in improved performance and effectiveness of the agricultural treatment. The precision application device can spray a diluted formulation with an active ingredient such as an agrochemical active ingredient to an area to be sprayed, such as a crop field, and maintain the dose of the active ingredient constant while changing the application volume.

[0113] The precision application device can be used, e.g., as a backpack sprayer and / or a knapsack sprayer but can also be part of a man ned or unmanned aerial vehicle, such as a plane, helicopter and / or drone; and / or a manned or unmanned ground vehicle such as a robotic device, a boom sprayer on a tractor, etc. By using a precision application device with the agricultural composition of the present invention the shatter can be reduced by at least 50%, such as at least 60%, 70%, 75%, preferably at least 85% or even at least 90%.

[0114] The precision application device may comprise at least one jetting nozzle or a flat fan nozzle and may be configured with dosing deposits at an application rate of 20 to 3000 L / Ha, preferably 50 L / Ha to 500 L / Ha. The at least one jetting nozzle may convert the liquid passing through it into droplets with a specific droplet size spectrum which depends, inter alia, on the pressure of the liquid and the geometry of the at least one spraying nozzle.

[0115] In an embodiment, the precision application device is incorporated in an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) such as a drone comprising a spray with at least one nozzle.

[0116] The agricultural compositions as described herein are advantageously suitable for use in a precision application device. There is also provided the use of an agricultural composition as described above comprised within a precision application device, wherein the precision application device is configured to dispense the agricultural composition. For example, the carrier fluid can be selected from the group consisting of water, an aqueous solution, or an oilbased carrier.111324-FF (83219)

[0117] Advantageously the carrier fluid can be present in an amount of from 70 % to 99.9 percent by weight, such as from 80 % to 99.8 % by weight, or from 85 % to 99, 8% by weight, or from 90 % to 99.7 % by weight, or from 95 % to 99.6 % by weight based on the total weight of the agricultural composition.

[0118] In an embodiment, the carrier fluid comprises water in the range of from 75 % to 99.9 % or from 80 % to 99.5% by weight of the carrier fluid.

[0119] Further, the agricultural composition may further comprise a tracer or dye, preferably a fluorescent tracer. For example, sodium fluorescein can be used as a fluorescent tracer or dye.

[0120] Sodium fluorescein is a synthetic organic compound that enables the spray liquid detection using image analysis and calculation of coverage of the agricultural composition on the planet.

[0121] In an embodiment, the agricultural composition may further comprise sodium fluorescein in an amount ranging of from 0,001 % to 1 % by weight of the total composition.

[0122] It will be appreciated that various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present application.

[0123] Further, the present invention also relates to a method of controlling weeds in crops of useful plants (cultivated plants), comprising providing an agricultural composition of the present invention in a precision application device, and applying the agricultural composition to the plants or to the locus thereof. Weeds compete with crops and useful plants for resources, often reducing their growth and yield. In agriculture, landscaping, and horticulture, weeds are undesired because they disrupt the growth of beneficial or cultivated plants. The weed being controlled can, for example, be Amaranthus retroflexus (EPPO Code: AMARE), but the method is also effective against other types of weeds. Other examples of plants or weeds beside Amaranthus retroflexus are Abutilon theophrasti (EPPO Code: ABUTH), Chenopodium album (EPPO code: CHEAL), commonly known as common lambsquarters.

[0124] Examples

[0125] Equipment:

[0126] Jetting nozzle: Using a Burkert 6712 Whisper Valve (for precision fluid control, allowing you to regulate droplet size closely), 0.4 mm orifice, EPDM Seal. Burkert Manifold (694895). %" 21 G Needle Tip.111324-FF (83219)

[0127] Flat Fan: Pulsajet AAB10000AUH-03. Lechler 652.301 (PVDF) .

[0128] Methodology

[0129] Formulation Preparation:

[0130] All polysaccharides were prepared as a 1 % gel in deionized water using high shear mixing, ensuring thorough dispersion before use.

[0131] Spray solutions were fully mixed to incorporate the required quantities of each component as outlined in tables 1 -2 below. In each formulation, water was used as the carrier fluid to bring the total weight to 100%.

[0132] Sodium fluorescein concentration was introduced to the spray solution at a final concentration of 0.1 % w / v.

[0133] EXAMPLE 1

[0134] The test plants (Amaranthus retroflexus - EPPO Code: AMARE) were sprayed with the agricultural composition of the present invention using a spray volume of 200 L / ha. The results were obtained through visual assessment, measuring weed control and plant condition 7 days and 14 days after the spray application, in accordance with European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) standards for herbicide efficacy testing. The results, summarized in Table 1 , reflect the progression of the (agricultural) herbicidal composition's effectiveness over time, including the degree of plant damage, growth inhibition, or plant death observed at each interval. The visual assessment can include evaluating plant condition, such as the degree of wilting, yellowing, necrosis, or other signs of damage.

[0135] EXAMPLE 2

[0136] Table 2 shows also different agricultural compositions and their efficiency after 14 days (14DAA).

[0137] Table 2 also shows the coverage ratio or the proportion of the plant's (weed) leaf surface area that is covered by the herbicidal (agricultural) composition after application.In Table 2, DG (Diutan Gum) and PQ (Paraquat) are used as abbreviations for diutan gum and paraquat, respectively.

[0138] Table 1 provides a non-limiting example of the agricultural compositions and their efficacy after 7 days (7 DA) and 14 days (14 DA). The percentages observed at 7 DA and 14 DA represent the proportion of plants effectively killed by the herbicide. The percentage values111324-FF (83219)(ranging from 0% to 100%) in the table represent the efficacy of the herbicide composition in killing the target plants within the specified timeframes (7 days and 14 days after application). The percentages in table 1 mean:

[0139] 0%: No plants were effectively killed by the agricultural composition (complete failure).

[0140] 100%: All targeted plants were effectively killed by the agricultural composition (complete success).Variability in the percentages of the same composition may arise from factors such as plant morphology, differences in spray retention, and application consistency. Even within the same plant, variability in spray retention and absorption can occur due to factors like variations in leaf angle, waxy coatings, or surface moisture, which influence whether the liquid is retained, absorbed, or repelled. These factors influence whether the liquid is absorbed, retained, or repelled by the plant surface. Even at lower percentages, the results confirm that the composition demonstrates a measurable effect on the target plants, illustrating that it is effective to varying degrees depending on conditions.

[0141] Diutan Gum loading is fixed at 0.10% w / v and superspreading surfactant loading is fixed at 0.2 % w / v. Nozzle type = jetting nozzle.TABLE 1 : Efficacy of agricultural Compositions after 7 days (7 DA) and 14 days (14 DA)111324-FF (83219) Table 1111324-FF (83219)111324-FF (83219)Table 1 -continued111324-FF (83219)Table 1-continued111324-FF (83219)Table 1-continued111324-FF (83219)Table 1-continued111324-FF (83219)Table 1-continued111324-FF (83219)Table 2111324-FF (83219)Table 2 -continued111324-FF (83219)Table 2-continued111324-FF (83219)Table 2-continued

Claims

111324-FF (83219)CLAIMS1 . An agricultural composition for plant surfaces comprising: at least one agrochemical compound, a diutan gum, a carrier fluid, and at least one superspreading surfactant, and wherein the weight ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum is in the range of from 10:1 to 1 :

102. The agricultural composition according to claim 1 , wherein the agricultural composition has a surface tension in the range of from 20 mN / m to 40 mN / m.

3. The agricultural composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the weight ratio of the superspreading surfactant to the diutan gum is in the range between 5: 1 to 1 :5, preferably the weight ratio is 2:1 to 1 :2.

4. The agricultural composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carrier fluid comprises an aqueous carrier or an oil-based carrier.

5. The agricultural composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the carrier fluid comprises water, and is present in an amount of from 70% to 99,8 % by weight, based on total weight of the composition.

6. The agricultural composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the diutan gum is present in a concentration ranging of from 0.0001 % to 1 % by weight based on total weight of the composition.

7. The agricultural composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the one or more agrochemical compound(s) are present in an amount of from 0.0001 % to 2 % by weight, based on total weight of the composition.111324-FF (83219)8. The agricultural composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one superspreading surfactant is selected from the group consisting from 3 - (polyoxyethylen)propylheptamethyltrisiloxan; Oxirane, 2-methyl-, polymer with oxirane, mono[3-[1 ,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1 -[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1 -disiloxanyl]propyl] ether; mixture of polyglycerol ester and fatty acid ester; dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; alcohols, C13-15- branched and linear, butoxylated ethoxylated, or a combination thereof.

9. The agricultural composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more agrochemical compounds are herbicidally active compounds, wherein the one or more herbicidally active compounds act on the plant foliage tissue10. The agricultural composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more herbicidally active compounds are selected from the group of bipyridinium herbicides.1 1 . A method of controlling weeds in crops of useful plants, comprising: providing an agricultural composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10 in a precision application device, and applying the agricultural composition to the weeds or their locus using the precision application device.

12. A precision application device and agricultural composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the agricultural composition comprises an agrochemical compound, a diutan gum, carrier fluid and at least one superspreading surfactant configured to reduce the surface tension of the agricultural composition, wherein at least one superspreading surfactant configured to reduce the surface tension of the agricultural composition, wherein the ratio between the superspreading surfactant and the diutan gum is in the range of from 10:1 to 1 :10, preferably 5:1 to 5:1 , more preferably 2:1 to 1 :2, and wherein the precision application device is configured for dispensing the agricultural composition .

13. The precision application device according to claim 12, comprising at least one jetting nozzle or at least one flat fan nozzle.111324-FF (83219)14. The precision application device according to claims 12 or 13, configured with a dosing device to deposit the composition at an application rate of 20 to 3000 L / Ha, preferably 50 L / Ha to 500 L / Ha.

15. Use of an agricultural composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprised within a precision application device, wherein the precision application device is configured to dispense the agricultural composition

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