Battery module and battery system comprising same

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a battery module and a battery system including same. The battery module according to the present disclosure may comprise: a first sub-module including a plurality of cells; a second sub-module including a plurality of cells and disposed below the first sub-module; a first cooling plate disposed between the first sub-module and the second sub-module; a second cooling plate disposed below the second sub-module; a module frame accommodating the first sub-module, the second sub-module, the first cooling plate, and the second cooling plate and having a plurality of cross members disposed therein; management and connection units disposed on the front side of the module frame and electrically connected to the plurality of cells or the first sub-module and the second sub-module, respectively; and an upper cover for closing the upper opening of the module frame.

Description

Battery module and battery system including the same

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a battery module comprising a plurality of cells and a rack-based battery system comprising the same.

[0002] In conventional energy storage systems (ESS), multiple low-voltage battery modules (e.g., 150V to 200V) are connected in series to form a single rack unit, and multiple racks are connected in series to achieve a high voltage (e.g., 1300V to 1500V) for the entire system.

[0003] In this structure, since the voltage of individual modules is low, multiple modules must be connected in series to form a high-voltage system, and a separate Battery Protection Unit (BPU) must be installed on a rack basis to protect them.

[0004] This results in loss of internal rack space, power conversion losses, and maintenance inconvenience, and there is a limitation in that the entire rack containing the module cannot be operated if a module fails.

[0005] Furthermore, conventional technology considers only rack-unit electrical configurations, which limits the expansion of system capacity or parallel connection, and makes it difficult to flexibly design systems or perform maintenance or battery replacement according to customers' diverse capacity requirements.

[0006] According to the present disclosure, cooling, protection, management, power, and communication connection functions of a cell or battery module can be implemented within an integrated structure, thereby providing a battery module and a battery system including the same that can improve space efficiency, maintainability, and operational reliability.

[0007] In addition, the battery module and battery system of the present disclosure can be widely applied in green technology fields such as electric vehicles, battery charging stations, and other solar power generation and wind power generation that utilize batteries.

[0008] In addition, the battery module and battery system of the present disclosure can be used in eco-friendly electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, etc., to prevent climate change by suppressing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.

[0009] A battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first submodule comprising a plurality of cells, a second submodule comprising a plurality of cells and disposed below the first submodule, a first cooling plate disposed between the first submodule and the second submodule and a second cooling plate disposed below the second submodule, a module frame accommodating the first submodule, the second submodule, the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate, and having a plurality of cross members disposed inside, a management and connection unit disposed on the front side of the module frame and electrically connected to the plurality of cells or the first submodule and the second submodule, respectively, and an upper cover closing the upper opening of the module frame.

[0010] According to an embodiment, the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate can be coupled to the cross member.

[0011] According to an embodiment, the cross member includes a plurality of upper fastening grooves and lower fastening grooves, and the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate each include a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole corresponding to the plurality of upper fastening grooves and lower fastening grooves, respectively, so that the first connecting hole and the upper fastening groove, the second connecting hole and the lower fastening groove can be fastened by a plurality of fastening members.

[0012] According to an embodiment, the apparatus further includes an end plate that supports the plurality of cells and is disposed at both ends of the first submodule and the second submodule, and the end plate may be fixed to the cooling plate or the side wall of the module frame.

[0013] According to an embodiment, the module frame may further include an opening formed on the front face, a front cover detachably attached to the opening, and an auxiliary cover detachably coupled to the front cover to open at least a portion of the front cover.

[0014] According to an embodiment, when the auxiliary cover is opened, at least a portion of the management and connection unit is exposed, and when the front cover is opened, at least a portion of the management and connection unit and other portions may be further exposed.

[0015] According to an embodiment, the management and connection unit may include a protection circuit unit comprising relays and fuses, and a Battery Management System (BMS) electrically connected to the protection circuit unit and performing management on a module or rack basis.

[0016] According to an embodiment, the management and connection unit may include power connectors that are positioned on both sides of the module frame and support parallel connection with adjacent battery modules without directional constraints.

[0017] According to an embodiment, the management and connection unit has communication connectors disposed on both sides that are connected by wires within the module frame, thereby enabling communication and control power transmission between adjacent battery modules.

[0018] According to an embodiment, the power connector and the communication connector are electrically connected by a parallel bus bar extended along one side of the battery module, thereby supporting the parallel connection of a plurality of battery modules.

[0019] According to an embodiment, the battery system including the battery module may be an independent operating battery system in which the battery module positioned at the outermost among a plurality of parallel-connected battery modules is connected to a Power Conversion System (PCS), and the other battery module positioned at the outermost is open.

[0020] A battery system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a rack for accommodating a plurality of battery modules, wherein the rack includes a guide rail for vertically stacking and mounting the battery modules inside, and each of the plurality of battery modules may include a first submodule comprising a plurality of cells, a second submodule comprising a plurality of cells and disposed below the first submodule, a first cooling plate disposed between the first submodule and the second submodule, and a second cooling plate disposed below the second submodule, a module frame accommodating the first submodule, the second submodule, the first cooling plate, and the second cooling plate, and having a plurality of cross members disposed inside, a management and connection unit disposed on the front side of the module frame and electrically connected to the plurality of cells or the first submodule and the second submodule, respectively, and an upper cover for closing the upper opening of the module frame.

[0021] According to an embodiment, the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate can be coupled to the cross member.

[0022] According to an embodiment, the module frame may further include an opening formed on the front face, a front cover detachably attached to the opening, and an auxiliary cover detachably coupled to the front cover to open at least a portion of the front cover.

[0023] According to an embodiment, the battery module is slidably inserted along the guide rail of the rack and may be formed with a front or side open shape.

[0024] According to an embodiment, a plurality of battery modules inside the rack can be electrically connected by a parallel busbar.

[0025] According to an embodiment, the racks are arranged in at least one of horizontal and vertical directions, and each rack can be connected to a power converter or a higher-level control system and operated independently or in an integrated manner.

[0026] According to an embodiment, the management and connection unit may include a protection circuit section including a relay and a fuse, a battery management system that performs battery module unit or rack unit management, and power connectors and communication connectors for transmitting power and communication signals between adjacent battery modules.

[0027] According to an embodiment, the power connector and the communication connector are electrically connected to a parallel busbar extending along one side of the battery module, thereby supporting the parallel connection of a plurality of battery modules.

[0028] According to an embodiment, among a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel, the battery module positioned at the outermost position is connected to a power converter, and the other battery module positioned at the outermost position can be operated independently by being open.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a high-voltage battery module can be implemented by including a plurality of submodules within a single battery module, and space efficiency and maintainability can be improved.

[0030] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a fastening structure between a cooling plate and a cross member in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a fastening structure between a cooling plate, an end plate, and a module frame in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a fastening structure between a cooling plate and a cross member in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement between a module frame, a second cooling plate, and a cross member in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement between a module frame, a second cooling plate, a cross member, and a first cooling plate in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view showing a state in which a management and connection unit is arranged on the front side of a module frame in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] FIG. 9 is a side (front) schematic diagram showing the state in which the auxiliary cover on the front of the module frame is removed in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] FIG. 10 is a front schematic diagram showing a battery system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a parallel group connection structure of multiple battery modules and a power converter connection method in a battery system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] FIG. 12 illustrates an electric vehicle that receives power required to drive an electric motor from a battery pack including a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. However, this is merely illustrative and the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments described illustratively.

[0043] Although terms such as "first," "second," etc. are used to describe various elements, components, and / or sections, it goes without saying that these elements, components, and / or sections are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one element, component, or section from another. Accordingly, the first element, first component, or first section mentioned below may, within the technical scope of the present disclosure, be a second element, second component, or second section.

[0044] The terms used herein are for describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the disclosure. In this specification, the singular form includes the plural form unless specifically stated otherwise in the text. As used herein, "comprises" and / or "made of" do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other components, steps, actions, and / or elements to the mentioned components, steps, actions, and / or elements.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in this specification (including technical and scientific terms) may be used in a meaning commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Additionally, terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are not to be interpreted ideally or excessively unless explicitly and specifically defined otherwise.

[0046] An XYZ coordinate system may be used in this specification. For example, the XYZ coordinate system may include an X-axis, a Y-axis, and a Z-axis. The XYZ coordinate system may be a Cartesian coordinate system.

[0047] In this specification, the front-rear direction, left-right direction, and up-down direction may be set based on FIG. 1. The front-rear direction may be parallel to the X-axis. For example, a positive X-axis direction may mean the front. A negative X-axis direction may mean the rear.

[0048] The left and right directions can be parallel to the Y-axis. For example, the positive Y-axis direction can mean the left direction. The negative Y-axis direction can mean the right direction.

[0049] The vertical direction can be parallel to the Z-axis. For example, the positive Z-axis direction can mean the upward direction. For example, the negative Z-axis direction can mean the downward direction.

[0050] However, if the direction of the object changes, the direction can be expressed differently.

[0051] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] Referring to FIG. 1, a battery module (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a first submodule (110) each comprising a plurality of cells (10); a second submodule (120) comprising a plurality of cells (10) and disposed below the first submodule (110); a first cooling plate (130) disposed between the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120) and a second cooling plate (140) disposed below the second submodule (120); a module frame (150) accommodating the first submodule (110), the second submodule (120), the first cooling plate (130), and the second cooling plate (140), and having a plurality of cross members (152, see FIG. 2) disposed inside; and a module frame (150) disposed on the front side of the module frame (150), comprising a plurality of cells (10) or a first It includes a management and connection unit (180, see FIG. 8) electrically connected to each of the submodule (110) and the second submodule (120), and an upper cover (210) that closes the upper opening of the module frame (150).

[0053] That is, in a battery module (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of submodules (110, 120) are stacked with a cooling plate (130) in between, and the upper opening of the module frame (150) is closed by an upper cover (210), so that cooling, protection, management, power and communication connection functions of the cell (10) or battery module (100) are implemented within an integrated structure, thereby improving space efficiency, maintainability and operational reliability.

[0054]

[0055] A first submodule (110) and a second submodule (120) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure each include a plurality of cells (10). For example, the cells (10) may be formed as rectangular or angular pouch cells, cylindrical cells, or angular hard case cells. The cells may be provided in the form of a cell stack and may be aligned at regular intervals with an insulating pad, a thermal conductive sheet, or a cell frame interposed between the cells.

[0056] According to one embodiment, the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120) may be formed with the same shape or structure and may be stacked in the vertical direction.

[0057] This structure saves spacing between submodules (110, 120) and eliminates the need to install individual upper covers (210) on each submodule (110, 120), thereby saving space for installing upper covers (210). Additionally, manufacturing costs can be reduced due to the reduction in the number of individual upper covers (210).

[0058]

[0059] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140) may each be positioned between the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120) and below the second submodule (120).

[0060] The first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140) are formed of a metal material with excellent thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or copper, and have cooling channels formed inside so that liquid or gaseous refrigerant can flow through them. Specifically, the cooling channels are connected to an external heat exchanger or cooling system through inlet ports and outlet ports, and the interior can be formed in various channel shapes, such as S-shapes or U-shapes. The cooling plates (130, 140) can be placed in contact with or close to the surface of the cell (10) stack to absorb and disperse heat generated from the cell (10) or submodule (110, 120).

[0061] FIG. 1 illustrates an example in which two submodules (110, 120) are stacked in the vertical direction for convenience of explanation, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the number of submodules (110, 120) may be stacked in multiple numbers of three or more depending on the system and user requirements.

[0062]

[0063] FIGS. 2 to 4 are schematic diagrams illustrating the structure of a battery module (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure in various directions, showing a fastening structure between a cooling plate (130, 140) and a cross member (152), and a coupling structure between a submodule (110, 120), an end plate (170), and a module frame (150).

[0064] Referring to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the cooling plates (130, 140) and the cross member (152) are mutually connected by a fastening member (160) through the connecting holes (132a, 142b) of the cooling plates (130, 140) and the fastening grooves (152a, 152b) of the cross member (152) based on the y-axis direction, that is, the left and right cross section of the battery module (100).

[0065] Referring to FIG. 3, it can be seen that the structure is such that the submodules (110, 120) including the cell (10), the cooling plates (130, 140), the module frame (150), and the end plates (170) are interconnected based on the y-axis direction, that is, the left-right cross-section of the battery module (100). In other words, it can be seen that the cell stack is supported by the end plates (170) at both ends and is stacked via the upper and lower cooling plates (130, 140).

[0066] Referring to FIG. 4, it can be seen that a plurality of cross members (152) are arranged at regular intervals in the x-axis direction, that is, based on the front-rear cross section of the battery module (100), and are inserted between the sub-modules (120), thereby confirming the fixed and connected state between the cooling plates (130, 140) and the cross members (152).

[0067]

[0068] Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, a module frame (150) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure can accommodate and support a first submodule (110), a second submodule (120), a first cooling plate (130), and a second cooling plate (140).

[0069] The above module frame (150) may be formed as an integrated or assembled structure including a front frame, a rear frame, left and right side frames, and a plurality of cross members (152). The cross members (152) are reinforcing members that run through the interior of the module frame (150) and may be connected to the cooling plates (130, 140).

[0070] Additionally, a plurality of cross members (152) are spaced apart along the x-axis direction of the module frame (150), and one or more first submodules (110) or one or more second submodules (120) may be arranged between the plurality of cross members (152).

[0071]

[0072] Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, an end plate (170) supporting the plurality of cells (10) may be disposed at both ends of the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0073] An end plate (170) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is a flat plate member disposed at each end of a first submodule (110) and a second submodule (120), and can support a plurality of cells (10) and maintain the shape of the cell stack when the cells expand or contract. The end plate (170) can generally be formed of a metal, alloy, or high-strength composite material and is formed to have mechanical strength to minimize displacement caused by thermal deformation or vibration load. In addition, an insulating layer or an insulating sheet may be formed on the surface of the end plate (170) to prevent electrical short circuits with the cell terminals.

[0074] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the end plate (170) can be combined with the first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140). That is, the upper and lower end plates (170) may be simultaneously combined with the upper and lower parts of the first cooling plate (130), and the lower end plate (170) may be combined with the upper part of the second cooling plate (140). Alternatively, the end plate (170) may be fixed to the side wall of the module frame (150).

[0075] For example, the end plate (170) may be fixed to the end of the cooling plate (130, 140) by welding, bolting, or insertion. In another embodiment, the end plate (170) may be connected through a screw fastening formed on the side wall of the module frame (150).

[0076] This combination can fix the position of the cell stack and, at the same time, form an integral structure with the cooling plates (130, 140) to stably maintain the heat transfer path. For example, an opening may be formed in the end plate (170) to secure a heat transfer path in the lateral direction.

[0077] An end plate (170) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure can act as a connecting member that transmits the bonding force between the cooling plates (130, 140) and the module frame (150) while maintaining the structural stability of the cell stack. That is, the fastening force of the cooling plates (130, 140) is arranged so that it is evenly distributed through the end plate (170) without directly pressing the cell stack, thereby reducing deformation of the cell.

[0078] In this way, the end plate (170) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure evenly supports the cell stack at both ends of the submodule (110, 120) and is coupled to the side wall of the cooling plate (130, 140) or module frame (150), thereby maintaining the stable shape of the cell stack and improving mechanical strength, and strengthening durability against vibration or shock.

[0079]

[0080] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement between a module frame (150), a second cooling plate (140), and a cross member (152) in a battery module (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement between a module frame (150), a second cooling plate (140), a cross member (152), and a first cooling plate (130) in a battery module (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0081] As described, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140) may be coupled to a plurality of cross members (152) disposed inside the module frame (150).

[0082] The above cooling plates (130, 140) include a first cooling plate (130) and a second cooling plate (140), and can be positioned between the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120) and below the second submodule (120), respectively. The cooling plates (130, 140) can be coupled to a plurality of cross members (152) positioned inside the module frame (150) so as to be stably fixed at a certain position within the module frame (150).

[0083] As illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5, the cross member (152) is positioned to cross the interior of the module frame (150) in the y-axis direction (left-right direction in the drawing). In the cross member (152), one or more upper fastening grooves (152a) and lower fastening grooves (152b) may be formed on the upper and lower sides, respectively, along the longitudinal direction of the cross member (152), for example, along the y-axis direction in the drawing. These fastening grooves (152a, 152b) may correspond one-to-one with the first connecting hole (132a) and the second connecting hole (142b) formed in the first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140), respectively, to form a structure that is mutually fastened through a fastening member (e.g., a bolt) (160).

[0084] Referring to FIG. 5, the second cooling plate (140) can be positioned and fixed on the lower side of the cross member (152). Also, referring further to FIG. 6, the first cooling plate (130) can be additionally coupled to the upper side of the cross member (152). Accordingly, an integrated structure capable of supporting and cooling the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120) can be formed.

[0085] As such, the cooling plate (130, 140) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure can rapidly cool heat generated from an internal heat source while maintaining alignment with the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120). In addition, since a plurality of cross members (152) arranged along the longitudinal direction of the cooling plate (130, 140) support the cooling plate (130, 140), resistance to bending loads or bending moments acting in the height direction of the cooling plate (130, 140) can be improved. As a result, structural rigidity of the cooling plate (130, 140) is secured, and a decrease in heat exchange efficiency or internal interference due to deterioration of the cooling plate (130, 140) can be prevented.

[0086]

[0087] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more upper fastening grooves (152a) and lower fastening grooves (152b) may be formed in the cross member (152). At this time, a first connecting hole (132a) corresponding to the upper fastening groove (152a) may be formed in the first cooling plate (130). Additionally, a second connecting hole (142b) corresponding to the lower fastening groove (152b) may be formed in the second cooling plate (140).

[0088] As shown in FIG. 2, the first connecting hole (132a) and the upper connecting groove (152a) are connected by a plurality of connecting members (160), and the second connecting hole (142b) and the lower connecting groove (152b) are connected so that the cooling plate (130, 140) can be supported by the cross member (152).

[0089] In the cross member (152), a plurality of upper fastening grooves (152a) and lower fastening grooves (152b) are formed spaced apart from each other. The fastening grooves (152a, 152b) provide reference positions for fastening with cooling plates (130, 140) and can correspond one-to-one with the first connecting hole (132a) and the second connecting hole (142b) formed in the first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140), respectively.

[0090] A fastening member (160) (e.g., bolt, rivet, etc.) according to one embodiment is for mechanical connection and is connected by penetrating the first connecting hole (132a) and the upper fastening groove (152a), and the second connecting hole (142b) and the lower fastening groove (152b), respectively, so that the cooling plates (130, 140) can be fixed in close contact with the cross member (152) when fastened. At this time, the type and position of the fastening member (160) are arranged at regular intervals according to the size, thickness, and load of the battery module (100) of the cooling plates (130, 140), so that the entire surface of the cooling plates (130, 140) is uniformly supported.

[0091] In addition, this fastening structure can provide structural rigidity to prevent displacement or deformation of the cooling plates (130, 140) even in vibration or thermal expansion environments of the battery module (100).

[0092] Referring to FIG. 5, the second cooling plate (140) can be secured with a plurality of bolts through a second connecting hole (142b) corresponding to a lower fastening groove (152b) of the cross member (152). Referring to FIG. 6, the first cooling plate (130) can be secured in the same manner through a first connecting hole (132a) corresponding to an upper fastening groove (152a) of the cross member (152). Through this structure, it can be seen that both the first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140) are stably supported by the cross member (152).

[0093] As such, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the position of the cooling plates (130, 140) can be stably maintained and the structural rigidity of the battery module (100) can be secured through a fastening structure between the cooling plates (130, 140) and the cross member (152). In addition, the heat transfer efficiency can be maintained uniformly, and failure of fastening or degradation of cooling performance due to vibration and thermal deformation can be prevented. Accordingly, the fastening structure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure can maintain the reliability of cooling performance and the structural stability of the battery module (100) even in high-output and long-cycle operating environments.

[0094]

[0095] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an opening (154) for maintenance is formed on the front face of a module frame (150), and a detachable front cover (156, see FIG. 7) and an auxiliary cover (158) that is detachably coupled to the front cover (156, see FIG. 7) and opens a portion of the front cover (156, see FIG. 7) are formed in the opening (154), so that a user or administrator can access a management and access unit (180, see FIG. 8) by opening the front cover (156) and the auxiliary cover (158).

[0096] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the module frame (150) may include an opening (154) on the front of the module frame (150).

[0097] FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0098] Referring to FIGS. 5 to 7, a front cover (156) and an auxiliary cover (158) can be attached to the open front of the module frame (150).

[0099] FIG. 8 is a planar schematic diagram showing a state in which a management and connection unit (180) is arranged on the front side of a module frame (150) in a battery module (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 9 is a side (front) schematic diagram showing a state in which an auxiliary cover (158) on the front of a module frame (150) is removed in a battery module (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0100] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery module (100) includes a management and connection unit (180) that is electrically connected to a plurality of cells (10) or submodules (110, 120) for power and communication connection with the outside. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the management and connection unit (180) is positioned on the front side of the module frame (150). Accordingly, a user must access the unit during maintenance, and for this purpose, an opening (154) of a certain size is formed on the front of the module frame (150).

[0101] The opening (154) is typically closed by a detachable front cover (156) of a flat structure, and the front cover (156) is mounted on the front of the module frame (150) by means such as a fastening member (e.g., screw fastening), a locking connection, a magnetic connection, a hinge connection, a sliding connection, etc. The user can make quick and partial access by removing the entire front cover (156) or by opening only a part of the area formed in the front cover (156) as needed.

[0102] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an auxiliary cover (158) is additionally formed on the front cover (156), and the auxiliary cover (158) is separately detachably coupled to the front cover (156). The auxiliary cover (158) may be positioned in the center or upper part of the front cover (156) and may be designed to access only specific parts of the management and connection unit (180), such as fuses, relays, and battery management systems (BMS) (184a, 184b), without removing the entire cover. This structure reduces maintenance time and allows for temporary on-site inspection by non-specialized personnel.

[0103] Referring to FIG. 8, a front cover (156) is formed on the front of the module frame (150), and when the front cover (156) is removed, at least a portion and other portions of the internal management and connection unit (180) may be further exposed. Also, referring to FIG. 9, it can be seen that the auxiliary cover (158), which is part of the front cover (156), is removed, allowing direct access to the fuse, relay, battery management system (184a, 184b), etc. through the auxiliary cover (158). The auxiliary cover (158) is designed to maintain structural stability even during repeated opening and closing by using a fastening member (e.g., screw fastening), a locking connection, a magnetic connection, a hinge connection, a sliding connection, etc.

[0104] As such, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, selective and rapid access to the management and connection unit (180) positioned on the front side of the module frame (150) is possible through the front cover (156) and the auxiliary cover (158), thereby improving maintenance efficiency and reducing the risk of damage caused by unnecessary cover removal. In addition, the auxiliary cover (158) reduces the workload of field engineers and facilitates on-site replacement or repeated inspection.

[0105]

[0106] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a management and connection unit (180) is positioned on the front side of a module frame (150) and may be electrically connected to a plurality of cells (10) or submodules (110, 120). For example, the management and connection unit (180) may include a protection circuit section (182) including fuses and relays, a battery management system (184a, 184b) that performs management on a module unit or rack unit basis, a power connector (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) that performs power and communication connections with an external module or external system, and a communication connector (188, 188a, 188b), etc. That is, the management and connection unit (180) may provide a power and communication interface with an adjacent module or external system. As described above, it is positioned to be accessible through the front cover (156) or auxiliary cover (158), making maintenance and operation easy.

[0107]

[0108] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the management and connection unit (180) may include a protection circuit unit (182) including relays and fuses, and a battery management system (184a, 184b) electrically connected to the protection circuit unit (182) and performing management on a module unit or rack unit basis.

[0109] Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, the management and connection unit (180) is positioned at the front of the battery module (100) and may include a protection circuit unit (182) and a battery management system (184a, 184b) among its internal components. This enables individual or integrated operation of the battery module unit or rack unit by including the electrical protection and control functions of the battery module (100) within the module frame (150).

[0110] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a battery module (100) includes a plurality of cells (10) and includes a protection circuit (182) for controlling the operating state of each cell (10) and for safely protecting the cell (10) or the entire system when an abnormal state occurs.

[0111] According to one embodiment, the protection circuit (182) includes a relay and a fuse, the relay controls the conduction of the high-voltage circuit, and the fuse performs the function of interrupting the circuit in the event of an overcurrent or short circuit. For example, the relay may be a mechanical or semiconductor relay, and the fuse is configured to immediately disconnect when a current exceeding a preset rated current flows.

[0112] According to one embodiment, the protection circuit unit (182) does not operate independently but operates in electrical connection with the battery management system (184a, 184b). The battery management system (184a, 184b) collects sensor signals such as a plurality of cell voltages, currents, and temperatures, and generates control commands such as cell balancing, charge / discharge control, insulation monitoring, and error diagnosis based on the collected information. The generated commands are transmitted as operating conditions for a relay or fuse, and as a result, the safety and stability of the battery module (100) or battery system (300) can be secured.

[0113] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery management system (184a, 184b) may be configured in a battery module unit or a rack unit, and the battery management system (184a) in a battery module unit controls a single battery module (100), and the battery management system (184b) in a rack unit manages a plurality of battery modules (100) collectively.

[0114] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery module (100) can improve accessibility to the battery management system (184a, 184b) and the protection circuit (182) by opening the front cover (156) and the auxiliary cover (158).

[0115] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, by arranging a protection circuit unit (182) and a battery management system (184a, 184b) within a module frame (150), an abnormality at the cell (10) level can be detected early, and rapid protection operation at the module or rack level is possible, thereby improving the operational stability and safety of the entire battery system (300). In addition, by integrating the protection circuit unit (182) and the battery management system (184a, 184b) into a management and connection unit (180), wiring length can be minimized and system response speed improved. Furthermore, even if a single battery module (100) malfunctions, the remaining battery modules (100) can be maintained and managed normally.

[0116]

[0117] A management and connection unit (180) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes power connectors (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) disposed on both sides of a module frame (150), and the power connectors (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) can support parallel connection with adjacent battery modules (100) without directional constraints. FIG. 10 is a front schematic diagram showing a battery system (300) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a parallel group connection structure of a plurality of battery modules (100) and a connection method of a power conversion system (PCS) (220) in a battery system (300) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0118] Referring to FIGS. 8 through 11, the battery module (100) includes a plurality of cells (10) and includes power connectors (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) to efficiently connect power generated or stored through these cells (10) to an external device or another battery module (100). According to one embodiment, the power connectors (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) are included in the management and connection unit (180) and may be symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the module frame (150). This symmetrical arrangement enables electrical connection regardless of the installation direction or wiring direction of the battery module (100) and can increase the freedom of installation.

[0119] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the power connector (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) enables electrical parallel connection with adjacent battery modules (100) and is designed so as not to be restricted in the direction of connection. Specifically, the terminal shape, position, and connection method of the connector are formed so that they can be combined without distinction between up, down, left, and right, thereby simplifying the connection work between battery modules (100) in the field and reducing the possibility of errors. For example, both power connectors (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) may include male-female connectors of the same shape.

[0120] Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, a protection circuit section (182) and a battery management system (184a, 184b) may be formed inside the front side of the module frame (150), and a power connector (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) and a communication connector (188, 188a, 188b) may be formed and exposed to the outside on the front side of the module frame (150).

[0121] Here, the power connector (186) includes DC Positive power connectors (186a(+), 186b(+)) and DC Negative power connectors (186a(-), 186b(-)), and each power connector (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) is connected by parallel busbars (190a, 190b) formed to extend in the longitudinal direction. This can support a parallel connection structure between battery modules (100).

[0122] Referring to FIG. 11, among a plurality of parallel-connected battery modules (100), the outermost battery module (100) is connected to a power converter (220), and the other outermost battery module (100) can be left open (the dotted line area on the left). This structure is possible because there are no directional constraints on the power connector, and the connection configuration of the battery modules (100) can be freely adjusted in various installation environments.

[0123] However, the connection method according to FIG. 11 is an example of a various parallel connection method, and in a battery system (300) according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, battery modules (100) arranged in the vertical direction can be connected in a daisy chain manner using a power connector (186) and a communication connector (188).

[0124] As such, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, power connectors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the module frame (150) and can be connected in parallel with adjacent modules without directional constraints, thereby improving the configuration freedom and installation convenience of the battery system (300) and making assembly and operation in various environments easier. Accordingly, it can be usefully applied to energy storage systems (ESS) and electric vehicle battery packs that require connecting multiple battery modules (100) in parallel or various arrangement configurations in rack units.

[0125]

[0126] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a management and connection unit (180) includes communication connectors (188, 188a, 188b) disposed on both sides of a module frame (150), and the communication connectors (188, 188a, 188b) are connected by wires within the module frame (150) to transmit communication and control power between adjacent battery modules (100). Here, the wires may include a 24V auxiliary power line.

[0127] A battery module (100) includes a plurality of cells (10), and it is necessary to operate a battery management system (184a, 184b) to monitor and control the status of these cells (10) in real time. The battery management system (184a, 184b) can be operated on a module unit or a rack unit, and a communication path is required between each battery module (100) to transmit and receive status information and control commands. A communication connector (188, 188a, 188b) is used at this time.

[0128] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, communication connectors (188, 188a, 188b) are included in the management and connection unit (180) and are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the module frame (150). This arrangement enables bidirectional communication connection with adjacent battery modules (100) and can improve the scalability and freedom of installation of the battery module (100) configuration.

[0129] Specifically, the communication connectors (188, 188a, 188b) may be configured as physical interfaces corresponding to communication protocols such as RS-485, CAN, and LIN, and the connection terminals include power supply pins in addition to pins for data transmission and reception. For example, this enables the operation of a microcontroller unit (MCU), sensor, relay, etc., used for communication between battery management systems (184a, 184b) without an external power source.

[0130] Referring to FIG. 8, a management and connection unit (180) of a battery module (100) is positioned on the front side of a module frame (150), and communication connectors (188, 188a, 188b) may be formed exposed on the front left and right sides of the module frame (150). Referring to FIG. 11, a plurality of battery modules (100) are connected in parallel, and communication and control power between each module may be transmitted through the communication connectors (188, 188a, 188b).

[0131] As such, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, communication connectors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of a module frame (150), and by connecting the connectors with a wire (e.g., a 24V auxiliary power line), communication and control power transmission between adjacent battery modules (100) can be stably performed, and the scalability and freedom of installation of the battery module (100) configuration can be improved. Accordingly, it can be usefully applied to energy storage systems and electric vehicle battery packs that require connecting multiple battery modules (100) in parallel or various arrangement configurations in rack units.

[0132]

[0133] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the power connector (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) and the communication connector (188, 188a, 188b) are electrically connected by a parallel bus bar (190a, 190b) extended along one side of the battery module (100) to support the parallel connection of a plurality of battery modules (100).

[0134] A battery module (100) includes a plurality of cells (10), and each module includes a power connector (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) and a communication connector (188, 188a, 188b) to perform transmission and reception of power and communication signals within the system. Any one battery module (100) can be connected in parallel with an adjacent battery module (100) through the power connector (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) and the communication connector (188, 188a, 188b).

[0135] Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 9, parallel busbars (190a, 190b) may be arranged longitudinally along the bottom or one side corner of the battery module (100). For example, the cross-sectional shape of the parallel busbars (190a, 190b) may be formed in various ways, such as square, I-beam, flat, or folded. The parallel busbars (190a, 190b) may include a terminal portion or a clamp structure that can be connected to the power connector (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) and communication connector (188, 188a, 188b) of each battery module (100).

[0136] Accordingly, power connectors (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) and communication connectors (188, 188a, 188b) arranged on both the left and right sides are connected by parallel busbars (190a, 190b) formed to extend in the longitudinal direction. For example, the power connector (186) includes DC Positive power connectors (186a(+), 186b(+)) and DC Negative power connectors (186a(-), 186b(-)), and the left and right connectors are connected by parallel busbars (190a, 190b) formed to extend in the longitudinal direction. This can support a parallel connection structure between battery modules (100).

[0137] In addition, the parallel busbars (190a, 190b) serve to simultaneously distribute communication data, control signals, and power between each battery module (100). The parallel connection method can improve the scalability and installation freedom of the battery module (100) configuration while minimizing power loss.

[0138] Referring to FIG. 11, a battery system (300) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include one or more parallel groups, and each parallel group may include a plurality of battery modules (100). At this time, the number of battery modules (100) included in a parallel group can be easily adjusted according to the electrical capacity required for each parallel group. That is, by changing the number of parallel-connected battery modules (100) by only changing the parallel connection method, it is possible to flexibly respond to various design conditions.

[0139] For example, if one parallel group includes four battery modules (100), a total of nine parallel groups can be formed. Also, as another example, if one parallel group includes six battery modules (100), a total of six parallel groups can be formed.

[0140] In this way, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, by connecting the power connectors and communication connectors on both the left and right sides to a parallel bus bar, a plurality of battery modules (100) can be easily connected in parallel.

[0141] Additionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, only some ends of a plurality of parallel-connected battery modules (100) may be connected to a power converter (220), and other ends (indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 11) may be left open. For example, among a plurality of parallel-connected battery modules (100), the battery module (100) positioned at the outermost position may be connected to the power converter (220), and the other battery module (100) positioned at the outermost position may be left open. By doing so, a parallel group unit is possible, and the scalability, safety, and maintainability of the system may be improved.

[0142] In addition, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, selective operation or control is possible in parallel group units, and even if a failure occurs in some groups, the operation of other groups can be maintained.

[0143]

[0144] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper cover (210) is a plate-shaped member that covers the upper opening of the module frame (150) and can close the top of the module frame (150) containing the submodule (110, 120), the cooling plate (130, 140), and the management and connection unit (180) to protect the internal components of the battery module (100) and block the entry of external foreign matter. The upper cover (210) is fixed to the top of the module frame (150) by a screw fastening method or a sliding coupling structure, and a gasket or sealing material for dustproof and moistureproofing may be applied.

[0145] The upper cover (210) closes the upper opening of the module frame (150), and since the upper part of the battery module (100) can be covered with only one upper cover (210), there is no need to install individual upper covers (210) on each submodule (110, 120), thus saving space for installing the upper cover (210). In addition, manufacturing costs can be reduced due to the reduction in the number of individual upper covers (210).

[0146]

[0147] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery module (100) can be slidably mounted along the guide rail (232) of the rack (230) and stacked in multiple stages in the vertical direction.

[0148] Referring to FIGS. 1 and FIGS. 10, a plurality of battery modules (100) can be mounted in a multi-stage stacked vertical direction on a rack (230). Additionally, the rack can be arranged in at least one of horizontal and vertical directions.

[0149] As described, a plurality of battery modules (100) are stacked vertically on a rack (230), and each battery module (100) can be inserted along a guide rail (232). The rack (230) may be formed with a structure that is open in at least one of the front or side directions.

[0150] According to one embodiment, the rack (230) may be formed of a metal, an alloy, or a high-strength composite material, and may include a guide rail (232) inside the rack (230) to guide the battery module (100) to be inserted while being aligned. Specifically, the guide rail (232) includes a rail groove (not shown) corresponding to the module frame (150) of the battery module (100), and guides the battery module (100) to be inserted and supported along a predetermined path.

[0151] The rack (230) may be formed as a front-open or side-open type to improve the convenience of maintenance and installation of the battery module (100). The front-open type rack (230) has a structure in which an opening is formed so that the battery module (100) can be inserted or removed from the front, and the side-open type rack (230) has a structure in which an opening is formed on at least one of the left or right sides. By adopting such an open structure, replacement and inspection work of the battery module (100) can be easily performed even in a limited installation space or inspection space.

[0152]

[0153] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the racks (230) are arranged in a horizontal or vertical direction, and each rack (230) can be connected to a power converter (220) or an upper control system and operated independently or in an integrated manner.

[0154] Referring to FIG. 10, a plurality of racks (230) are arranged in a horizontal direction, and each rack (230) can accommodate a plurality of battery modules (100) and be operated independently or in an integrated manner.

[0155] Each rack (230) is electrically connected to a power converter (220) or an upper control system. Here, the power converter (220) is a device that converts direct current (DC) power supplied from the battery module (100) into alternating current (AC) or converts AC into DC to control charging and discharging operations, and the upper control system is a system that manages and controls the operating status of the entire battery system (300).

[0156] According to one embodiment, each rack (230) may be individually connected to a power converter (220) or an upper control system and operated independently, or a plurality of racks (230) may be integrated and operated as a single system. In this way, by configuring the system to enable both integrated operation and expansion, the system's scalability, operational stability, and ease of maintenance can be improved.

[0157]

[0158] The embodiments of the present disclosure described above include the following aspects and can be implemented through at least one of the following aspects.

[0159] A battery module (100) according to the first aspect of the present disclosure includes a first submodule (110) comprising a plurality of cells and a second submodule (120) comprising a plurality of cells and disposed below the first submodule (110). It includes a first cooling plate (130) disposed between the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120) and a second cooling plate (140) disposed below the second submodule (120). It includes a module frame (150) that accommodates the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120), the first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140), and has a plurality of cross members (152) disposed inside. It includes a management and connection unit (180) positioned on the front side of the module frame (150) and electrically connected to the plurality of cells or the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120), respectively. It includes an upper cover (210) that closes the upper opening of the module frame (150).

[0160] In the first aspect above, the first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140) according to the second aspect can be coupled to the cross member (152).

[0161] In the second aspect above, the cross member (152) according to the third aspect includes a plurality of upper fastening grooves (152a) and lower fastening grooves (152b), and the first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140) each include a first connecting hole (132a) and a second connecting hole (142b) corresponding to the plurality of upper fastening grooves (152a) and lower fastening grooves (152b), so that the first connecting hole (132a) and the upper fastening groove (152a), the second connecting hole (142b) and the lower fastening groove (152b) can be fastened by a plurality of fastening members (160).

[0162] In any one of the first to third sides, according to the fourth side, an end plate (170) is further included that supports the plurality of cells and is disposed at both ends of the first submodule (110) and the second submodule (120), and the end plate (170) can be fixed to the side wall of the cooling plate (130, 140) or the module frame (150).

[0163] In any one of the first to fourth sides, the module frame (150) according to the fifth side includes an opening (154) formed on the front face, and may further include a front cover (156) detachably attached to the opening (154) and an auxiliary cover (158) detachably attached to the front cover (156) to open at least a portion of the front cover (156).

[0164] In the fifth aspect above, according to the sixth aspect, when the auxiliary cover (158) is opened, at least a portion of the management and connection unit (180) is exposed, and when the front cover (156) is opened, at least a portion and other portions of the management and connection unit (180) may be further exposed.

[0165] In any one of the first to sixth aspects above, according to the seventh aspect, the management and connection unit (180) may include a protection circuit unit (182) including relays and fuses, and a battery management system (BMS) (184a, 184b) that is electrically connected to the protection circuit unit (182) and performs management in a module unit or rack unit.

[0166] In any one of the first to seventh aspects above, according to the eighth aspect, the management and connection unit (180) may include power connectors (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) that are positioned on both sides of the module frame (150) and support parallel connection with adjacent battery modules without directional constraints.

[0167] In the eighth aspect above, according to the ninth aspect, the management and connection unit (180) has communication connectors (188, 188a, 188b) positioned on both sides connected by wires within the module frame (150) to transmit communication and control power between adjacent battery modules (100).

[0168] In the ninth aspect above, according to the tenth aspect, the power connector (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) and the communication connector (188, 188a, 188b) are electrically connected by a parallel bus bar (190a, 190b) extended along one side of the battery module (100), thereby supporting the parallel connection of a plurality of battery modules (100).

[0169] In any one of the first to ten aspects above, according to the eleventh aspect, the battery system (300) including the battery module (100) is such that among a plurality of parallel-connected battery modules (100), the battery module (100) positioned at the outermost side is connected to a power conversion system (PCS) (220), and the other battery module (100) positioned at the outermost side is open and can be operated independently.

[0170]

[0171] A battery system (300) according to the 12th aspect of the present disclosure includes a battery module (100) according to any one of the 1st to 11th aspects.

[0172] In the above 12th aspect, the battery system (300) according to the 13th aspect includes a rack (230) for accommodating a plurality of battery modules (100), and the rack (230) includes a guide rail (232) for vertically stacking and mounting the battery modules (100) inside, and each of the plurality of battery modules (100) includes a first submodule (110) including a plurality of cells, a first submodule (120) including a plurality of cells and disposed below the first submodule (110), a first cooling plate (130) disposed between the first submodule (110) and the first submodule (120), and a second cooling plate (140) disposed below the first submodule (120), and the first submodule (110), the first submodule (120), the first cooling plate (130), and the It includes a module frame (150) that accommodates a second cooling plate (140) and has a plurality of cross members (152) arranged inside, a management and connection unit (180) that is arranged on the front side of the module frame (150) and is electrically connected to the plurality of cells or the first submodule (110) and the first submodule (120), respectively, and an upper cover (210) that closes the upper opening of the module frame (150).

[0173] In the above 12th or 13th aspect, the first cooling plate (130) and the second cooling plate (140) according to the 14th aspect may be coupled to the cross member (152).

[0174] In any one of the above 12th to 14th sides, the module frame (150) according to the 15th side includes an opening (154) formed on the front face, and may further include a front cover (156) detachably attached to the opening (154) and an auxiliary cover (158) detachably attached to the front cover (156) to open at least a portion of the front cover (156).

[0175] In any one of the 12th to 15th sides, the battery module (100) according to the 16th side is slidably inserted along the guide rail (232) of the rack (230) and may be formed with a front or side open shape.

[0176] In any one of the 12th to 16th aspects, according to the 17th aspect, a plurality of battery modules (100) inside the rack (230) can be electrically connected by parallel busbars (190a, 190b).

[0177] In any one of the 12th to 17th aspects, according to the 18th aspect, the rack (230) is arranged in at least one direction of horizontal and vertical, and each rack (230) can be connected to a power converter (220) or an upper control system and operated independently or in an integrated manner.

[0178] In any one of the 12th to 18th aspects, according to the 19th aspect, the management and connection unit (180) may include a protection circuit section (182) including relays and fuses, a battery management system (184a, 184b) that performs battery module unit or rack unit management, and power connectors (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) and communication connectors (188, 188a, 188b) for transmitting power and communication signals between adjacent battery modules (100).

[0179] In the above 19th aspect, according to the 20th aspect, the power connector (186, 186a(+), 186a(-), 186b(+), 186b(-)) and the communication connector (188, 188a, 188b) are electrically connected to a parallel bus bar (190a, 190b) extending along one side of the battery module (100), thereby supporting the parallel connection of a plurality of battery modules (100).

[0180] In the above 20th aspect, according to the 21st aspect, among a plurality of parallel-connected battery modules (100), the outermost battery module (100) is connected to a power converter (220), and the other outermost battery module (100) is open and can be operated independently.

[0181]

[0182] As such, the battery module (100) according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is formed as an integrated structure in which a plurality of cells (10) and cooling plates (130, 140) are accommodated inside a module frame (150), a management and connection unit (180) is disposed on the front side of the module frame (150), and an upper opening is closed by an upper cover (210). Through this integrated structure, cooling, protection, management, power, and communication connection functions of the cells (10), submodules (110, 120), or battery module (100) can be implemented within the integrated structure, and accordingly, space efficiency, maintainability, and operational reliability can be improved.

[0183] In addition, a battery module (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure has a structure in which a plurality of cells (10) are stacked in a multi-stage manner in the vertical direction, thereby being able to output a high voltage (e.g., about 1500V), and thus provide high energy density and voltage efficiency.

[0184] In addition, a plurality of battery modules (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure can be interconnected without directional constraints, so that a plurality of battery modules (100) can form a parallel group, and since selective operation or control is possible on a parallel group basis, the remaining groups can continue to operate even if a failure occurs in some groups. Accordingly, the operational flexibility and stability of the entire battery system (300) can be improved.

[0185] In addition, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of parallel groups are configured, and selective operation or control is possible on a parallel group basis, and even if a failure occurs in some parallel groups, the operation of other parallel groups can be maintained.

[0186] Accordingly, one embodiment of the present disclosure can be usefully applied to energy storage systems and electric vehicle battery packs that require high voltage output, such as those requiring parallel connection of multiple battery modules (100) or various rack-unit arrangement configurations.

[0187]

[0188] FIG. 12 illustrates an electric vehicle (5000) that receives power required to drive an electric motor from a battery pack (50) including a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0189] Accordingly, the electric vehicle (5000) can contribute to improving system voltage and stabilizing battery performance by using a high-voltage battery module.

[0190] In addition, it may be applied to various devices that operate by receiving power from a battery pack (50) and a battery system including a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, it may be applied to an electric mobility device (e.g., a hybrid car, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, etc.) or an energy storage system, etc.

[0191]

[0192] The above description is merely an example of applying the principles of the present disclosure, and other configurations may be further included without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, at least some of the various embodiments of the present disclosure described above may be combined.

Claims

1. A first submodule comprising a plurality of cells; A second submodule comprising a plurality of cells and positioned below the first submodule; A first cooling plate disposed between the first submodule and the second submodule, and a second cooling plate disposed below the second submodule; A module frame accommodating the first submodule and the second submodule, the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate, and having a plurality of cross members arranged inside; A management and connection unit disposed on the front side of the module frame and electrically connected to the plurality of cells or the first submodule and the second submodule, respectively; and Upper cover that closes the upper opening of the above module frame A battery module including 2. In Paragraph 1, The first cooling plate and the second cooling plate are coupled to the cross member. Battery module.

3. In Paragraph 2, The above cross member includes a plurality of upper fastening grooves and lower fastening grooves, and The first cooling plate and the second cooling plate each include a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole corresponding to the plurality of upper fastening grooves and the lower fastening grooves, respectively. The first connecting hole and the upper connecting groove, the second connecting hole and the lower connecting groove are connected by a plurality of connecting members. Battery module.

4. In Paragraph 1, It further includes an end plate disposed at both ends of the first submodule and the second submodule, which supports the plurality of cells. The above end plate is fixed to the side wall of the cooling plate or the module frame, Battery module.

5. In Paragraph 1, The above module frame includes an opening formed on the front face, and A front cover detachable from the above opening; and A further comprising an auxiliary cover detachably coupled to the front cover and opening at least a portion of the front cover. Battery module.

6. In Paragraph 5, When the above auxiliary cover is opened, at least a portion of the above management and connection unit is exposed, and When the above front cover is opened, at least a part and other parts of the above management and connection unit are further exposed, Battery module.

7. In Paragraph 1, The above management and connection unit is, A protection circuit unit including relays and fuses; and A battery management system (BMS) electrically connected to the above protection circuit and performing management on a module or rack basis, Battery module.

8. In Paragraph 1, The above management and connection unit is, A power connector disposed on both sides of the module frame and supporting parallel connection with adjacent battery modules without directional constraints, Battery module.

9. In Paragraph 8, The above management and connection unit is, The communication connectors positioned on both sides above are connected by wires within the module frame to transmit communication and control power between adjacent battery modules. Battery module.

10. In Paragraph 9, The above power connector and the above communication connector are, Electrically connected by a parallel bus bar extending along one side of the battery module, supporting the parallel connection of a plurality of battery modules, Battery module.

11. A battery system comprising a battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein among a plurality of parallel-connected battery modules, the outermost battery module is connected to a Power Conversion System (PCS), and the other outermost battery module is open, capable of independent operation. Battery system.

12. Includes a rack that accommodates multiple battery modules, The above rack includes guide rails for vertically stacking and mounting battery modules inside, and Each of the above plurality of battery modules is, A first submodule comprising a plurality of cells; a second submodule comprising a plurality of cells and disposed below the first submodule; a first cooling plate disposed between the first submodule and the second submodule and a second cooling plate disposed below the second submodule; a module frame accommodating the first submodule, the second submodule, the first cooling plate, and the second cooling plate, and having a plurality of cross members disposed inside; a management and connection unit disposed on the front side of the module frame and electrically connected to the plurality of cells or the first submodule and the second submodule, respectively; and an upper cover closing the upper opening of the module frame. A battery system including 13. In Paragraph 12, The first cooling plate and the second cooling plate are coupled to the cross member. Battery system.

14. In Paragraph 12, The above module frame includes an opening formed on the front face, and A front cover detachable from the above opening; and A further comprising an auxiliary cover detachably coupled to the front cover and opening at least a portion of the front cover. Battery system.

15. In Paragraph 12, The battery module is slidably inserted along the guide rail of the rack, and formed with a front or side open, Battery system.

16. In Paragraph 12, A plurality of battery modules inside the above rack are electrically connected by parallel busbars, Battery system.

17. In Paragraph 12, The above rack is arranged in at least one of horizontal and vertical directions, and Each rack is connected to a power converter or a higher-level control system and operates independently or in an integrated manner. Battery system.

18. In Paragraph 12, The above management and connection unit is, protection circuit including relays and fuses, A battery management system that performs battery module unit or rack unit management, and including power connectors and communication connectors for transmitting power and communication signals between adjacent battery modules, Battery system.

19. In Paragraph 18, The above power connector and the above communication connector are, Electrically connected to a parallel busbar extending along one side of the battery module, supporting the parallel connection of a plurality of battery modules Battery system.

20. In Paragraph 19, Among multiple battery modules connected in parallel, the outermost battery module is connected to a power converter, and the other outermost battery module is open, allowing for independent operation. Battery system.

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