Multi-barrel rapid-fire gun assembly

Abstract

A rapid-fire gun assembly is disclosed, particularly suited for use against unmanned aerial vehicles but applicable to other targets. The assembly includes a multi-barrel barrel arrangement comprising a plurality of barrels configured to receive and discharge cartridges. A magazine arrangement is provided for storing cartridges to be fired, the magazine arrangement being disposed in an annular configuration around the barrel arrangement. The barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement are jointly rotatable about a common rotational axis of the gun assembly. A synchronisation arrangement is further provided to control and synchronise the relative rotational positions of the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement to ensure correct cartridge alignment during firing. The configuration enables high rates of fire with reliable feed and discharge, and facilitates compact integration of the magazine about the barrels.

Description

[0001] MULTI-BARREL RAPID-FIRE GUN ASSEMBLY

[0002] BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION

[0003] THIS invention relates to a rapid-fire gun assembly, and more particularly but not exclusively to a multi-barrel rapid-fire gun assembly. The invention extends to a rapid-fire gun assembly particularly suitable for use in shooting down drones, although not limited to such application.

[0004] In this specification, the term “cartridge” will be used to describe a preassembled firearm ammunition assembly, including a projectile(s), a case, a primer and a propellant. A cartridge is also referred to as a round, and a projectile could inter alia be referred to as a bullet, shot or slug, and equivalent terms should accordingly be interpreted accordingly. Shotgun shells are but one subset of cartridges, and although the invention is described with reference to shotgun shells, the invention is not limited to the use of shotgun shells.

[0005] A rapid-fire gun is a firearm capable of discharging multiple cartridges of ammunition in quick succession, typically through mechanical, pneumatic, or electrical mechanisms that allow for continuous or semi-continuous operation. These firearms are designed for applications requiring high rates of fire, including military combat, law enforcement, and specialized defence roles, for example shooting down of incoming projectiles or aerial vehicles. The primary objective of rapid-fire technology is to increase the volume of projectiles fired in a given time, improving effectiveness against fast-moving or numerous targets.

[0006] Multi-barrel rapid-fire guns represent a specialized category of rapid-fire weapons designed to achieve higher rates of fire while addressing challenges such as overheating and barrel wear. These systems incorporate multiple barrels, providing several advantages over single-barrel designs.

[0007] One primary benefit of multi-barrel configurations is their ability to achieve faster rates of discharge. By allowing rounds to be loaded and fired from multiple barrels simultaneously or sequentially, these designs ensure rapid and continuous firepower. This feature makes them particularly suited for applications requiring high-volume fire, such as military operations, area suppression or defensive applications. Another advantage lies in their superior performance in sustained fire scenarios. By distributing heat and mechanical stress across multiple barrels, these systems significantly reduce the risks of overheating and jamming, which are common in single-barrel designs during extended firing. Consequently, multi-barrel guns are preferred in roles demanding prolonged suppressive fire.

[0008] However, multi-barrel systems also present notable drawbacks. Their increased complexity and the need for additional components and mechanisms result in greater weight, which can negatively affect portability and manoeuvrability. This makes such systems less suitable for applications requiring high mobility, stealth, or ease of transportation. Additionally, the high rates of fire and extended firing durations demand substantial quantities of ammunition. Efficient storage and rapid replenishment systems are essential to maintain uninterrupted operation. Historically, multi-barrel guns were fed through high-capacity magazines, often spring-loaded or gravity- fed. In modern implementations, belt-fed systems are more common, with ammunition delivered through chutes. While belt-fed systems improve ammunition capacity and reduce reload frequency, they introduce further complexity. Links must be removed using additional mechanical systems before rounds can be chambered, and the chute system can restrict the gun’s range of motion in elevation and depression due to the movement constraint resulting from the ammunition belt.

[0009] In summary, multi-barrel rapid-fire guns offer significant advantages in terms of rate of fire and sustained firepower, making them invaluable in certain tactical scenarios. However, their increased complexity, weight, and logistical demands must be carefully evaluated to determine their suitability for specific applications. Their range of motion is also limited due to the ammunition feed mechanisms employed. These factors directly impact operational effectiveness and overall mission success.

[0010] Rapid-fire guns, including multi-barrel rapid-fire guns, have been around for many years, and a few examples are discussed in more detail below.

[0011] The Gatling gun, a historically significant rapid-fire weapon, employs a multibarrel rotary design. Patented in 1862 (US 36,836), the gun utilizes a manually operated hand crank to rotate a cluster of barrels around a central axis. As the barrels rotate, they sequentially align with a loading, firing, and ejecting mechanism. This mechanical cycling ensures continuous operation while distributing the firing load across multiple barrels to reduce overheating. Modern iterations of Gatling-style weapons often replace the manual crank with electric or hydraulic motors, achieving firing rates of thousands of cartridges per minute. Gatling guns use various ammunition sources: early models relied on gravity-fed magazines or hoppers, while modern versions use belt-fed systems or advanced linkless feed mechanisms to supply rounds efficiently and reliably, although reducing the gun’s range of motion in elevation and depression. It should also be noted that, instead of a single hammer, the firing system of a Galting gun is distributed across all the barrels. The Hotchkiss revolving canon (US 91 ,564), introduced in the late 19th century, represents another early iteration of rapid-fire artillery. The Hotchkiss revolving cannon typically features 3 to 5 barrels, depending on the model. Unlike traditional firearms that might use individual hammers for each barrel, the Hotchkiss employs a single hammer mechanism linked to the rotating barrel assembly. As the barrels rotate, each one sequentially aligns with the firing mechanism, allowing it to strike the primer of the cartridge in the correct position for firing. This design ensures a reliable and efficient firing cycle, with multiple barrels sharing the work but relying on a single hammer to ignite the ammunition.

[0012] The firing mechanisms of the Gatling gun and the Hotchkiss revolving cannon differ significantly, reflecting their distinct purposes. As mentioned above, the Gatling gun utilizes multiple firing pins or strikers, one for each barrel, which are activated sequentially as the barrels rotate. This process is driven by cams or an external motor in modern versions, allowing for an extremely high rate of fire as each barrel fires independently in rapid succession. In contrast, the Hotchkiss revolving cannon relies on a single firing pin mechanism to ignite the rounds. As the barrels rotate, each one aligns with the firing position, where the single firing pin strikes the primer to fire the cartridge. This design results in a slower firing rate compared to the Gatling gun but simplifies the mechanism, making it more suited for the cannon's precision while also providing a safety benefit. By using a single firing pin to fire each cartridge, the design reduces the complexity of the firing system, minimizing the risk of accidental discharges or malfunctions. Each barrel fires only when it is precisely aligned with the firing mechanism, which adds a layer of control and safety compared to systems, like the Galting gun, where multiple firing pins are independently activated.

[0013] The Calico gun is a single barrel gun (US5,335,579 and US5,816,444) notable for its unique helical-feed magazine system. Unlike conventional firearms, which typically use linear or drum magazines, the Calico gun features a helical magazine that allows for high-capacity ammunition storage in a compact design. This magazine feeds ammunition into the firing mechanism via a spring-driven spiral track, enabling a relatively high rate of fire while maintaining a lightweight and portable form factor. Its simplicity in operation and modular design makes it suitable for various rapid-fire applications, including close-quarters combat. A notable disadvantage of the Calico gun relates to the reliability of the magazine. The Calico's helical magazine, which can hold a high capacity of cartridges (50 to 100), relies on a complex spring mechanism to feed ammunition properly. This system can be prone to feeding malfunctions, particularly if the spring is not wound correctly or if dirt and debris accumulate in the mechanism. Additionally, the top-mounted magazine renders the gun somewhat unbalanced, especially when fully loaded, potentially affecting handling and accuracy, in particular when rapid movement is required.

[0014] Some other rapid-fire guns are known, for example the Gardner gun, the Ripley machine gun, the Nordenfelt gun and the French Mitrailluese, but they do not disclose anything more relevant to the present invention than the Gatling, Calico and Hotchkiss guns.

[0015] Each of the above weapons illustrates distinct approaches to achieving rapid- fire capabilities. The Gatling gun relies on rotary barrel systems to manage heat and ensure reliability, while the Calico gun leverages innovative ammunition feed systems for compactness and sustained fire, albeit with a single barrel. The Hotchkiss gun, on the other hand, demonstrates the value of mechanical simplicity and robustness in early rapid-fire weaponry. Together, these examples highlight the evolution of rapid-fire technology and the diversity of design philosophies underpinning its development.

[0016] Although it is therefore clear that there are many different rapid-fire gun designs, and also multi-barrel rapid-fire gun designs, there are still some shortcomings that need to be addressed.

[0017] As mentioned above, multi-barrel systems face challenges such as increased weight and complexity due to additional components, impacting portability and maneuverability. High rates of fire necessitate efficient ammunition storage and replenishment, with modern belt-fed systems improving capacity but introducing further complexity, such as the need to remove links mechanically. Chute-fed systems, while effective, also restrict gun movement in elevation and depression, limiting flexibility. These factors make multi-barrel guns less suitable for applications requiring mobility and a wide range of barrel motion.

[0018] It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a multi-barrel rapid-fire gun assembly that will, at least partially, alleviate the above shortcomings.

[0019] It is also an object of the invention to provide a multi-barrel rapid-fire gun assembly which will be a useful alternative to existing rapid-fire guns.

[0020] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0021] According to the invention there is provided a multi-barrel rapid-fire gun assembly including: a barrel arrangement including a plurality of barrels suitable for receiving and firing cartridges; a magazine arrangement, configured for housing cartridges to be fired, disposed in an annular configuration about the barrel arrangement; wherein the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement are rotatable about a rotational axis of the gun assembly; and a synchronization arrangement configured to synchronise the relative rotation between the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement.

[0022] There is provided for the plurality of barrels of the barrel arrangement to be equidistantly spaced apart about a central axis of the gun assembly, with the barrels therefore defining an intermittent circle when viewed in plan.

[0023] The barrel arrangement may include 2 to 12, preferably 3 to 8 barrels. There is further provided for the magazine to be located in an annular space around the outside of the barrel arrangement.

[0024] In one embodiment there is provided for the annular magazine to be in the form of helical chamber wrapped around the barrel arrangement.

[0025] In a second embodiment there is provided for the annular magazine to the gun assembly in the form of a plurality of elongate tubes spaced apart about the barrel arrangement, with the tubes being substantially parallel to the barrels of the barrel arrangement.

[0026] In a third embodiment there is provided for the annular magazine to the gun assembly in the form of a plurality of elongated linear stack magazines spaced apart about the barrel arrangement, with the stack magazines being substantially parallel to the barrels of the barrel arrangement and the cartridges are oriented perpendicular to the barrel orientation.

[0027] Note that in the context of the specification and the design of the gun assembly, the term parallel is not limited to exactly parallel, but rather a generally or substantially parallel arrangement, where a deviation of a few degree, for example 1 - 10, would not depart from the scope of the invention and is intended to be included in a “parallel” arrangement”. The same applies to the use of the term “perpendicular”.

[0028] There is provided for the synchronization arrangement to be in the form of a geared arrangement.

[0029] In one embodiment, the synchronization arrangement may include a central gear rotatably mounted on the gun assembly, wherein rotation of the central gear causes the central gear to drive complementary gears on the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement, thus resulting in the rotation of the barrel arrangement and magazine arrangement.

[0030] Central gear includes a magazine gear and a barrel gear. There is also provided for the central gear in turn driven by a drive gear attached to a suitable actuator, such as a motor.

[0031] A further feature of the invention provides for the gun assembly to include a feed mechanism for facilitating cartridges to be fed from the magazine arrangement to the barrel arrangement.

[0032] In one embodiment, the feed mechanism is a positive feed mechanism, wherein the cartridges are positively displaced from the magazine arrangement into chambers of the gun assembly.

[0033] There is provided for the central gear also to be configured to serve as a cartridge feed wheel configured physically to engage cartridges and displace them from the magazine towards the chambers along a chute.

[0034] The cartridge feed wheel may include one or more feed discs rotating with the feed wheel, with engagement apertures formed in the one or more feed discs.

[0035] Each engagement aperture may be in the form of a semi-circular cut-out configured and dimensioned to receive a part of a cartridge in order physically to engage and displace the cartridge.

[0036] According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a method of operating a multi-barrel rapid-fire gun assembly comprising a barrel arrangement and an annular magazine arrangement, the method including the steps of rotating the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement about a common rotational axis; synchronising the rotation of the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement using a synchronisation arrangement; and feeding cartridges from the magazine arrangement into chambers of the barrel arrangement in synchrony with the rotation. There is provided for the step of synchronising the rotation to include driving complementary gears of the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement using a central gear.

[0037] There is further provided for the step of feeding the cartridges to include positively displacing each cartridge using a positive-displacement feed mechanism.

[0038] There is also provided for the feeding step to include engaging each cartridge with a cartridge feed wheel having one or more feed discs with engagement apertures, and displacing the cartridge along a chute toward a chamber of the barrel arrangement.

[0039] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Some embodiments of the invention are described by way of non-limiting examples, and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0041] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a barrel and magazine arrangement of a multi-barrel, rapid-fire gun assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a barrel and magazine arrangement of a multi-barrel, rapid-fire gun assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention;

[0043] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the barrel and magazine arrangement of Figure 1 , but with the magazine having been displaced away from a base of the barrel arrangement;

[0044] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the barrel and magazine arrangement of Figure 2, but with the magazine having been displaced away from a base of the barrel arrangement; Figure 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a base section of the barrel arrangement, showing the inner ends of the barrels, a rotating chamber assembly, and one embodiment of a firing mechanism;

[0045] Figure 6 is a side view of the arrangement of Figure 5;

[0046] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional side view of the arrangement of Figure 6;

[0047] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the barrel and magazine arrangement of Figure 1 , now also showing a synchronization gearing arrangement;

[0048] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the base section of the barrel and magazine arrangement, showing the cartridge transfer mechanism in more detail;

[0049] Figure 10 is an enlarged section of the transfer arrangement;

[0050] Figure 11 is a perspective view of part of the gun housing including a cam surface;

[0051] Figures 12a, b and c show the sequential transfer process of a cartridge from the magazine into the chamber;

[0052] Figure 13 is a perspective view of a barrel and magazine arrangement of a multi-barrel, rapid-fire gun assembly in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention;

[0053] Figure 14 is a perspective view of a breech end of a fourth embodiment of a barrel and magazine arrangement which includes a positive feed or forced feed mechanism which ensures that the motion of each cartridge is controlled from leaving the magazine and inserted into the chamber;

[0054] Figure 15 shows the embodiment of Figure 14 from the other side, and with the central gear or feed wheel removed; and

[0055] Figure 16 is a perspective view of the feed wheel on its own.

[0056] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

[0057] Before any embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of "including," "comprising," or "having" and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. It is noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the," and any singular use of any word, include plural referents unless expressly and unequivocally limited to one referent. As used herein, the term “include” and its grammatical variants are intended to be non-limiting, such that recitation of items in a list is not to the exclusion of other like items that can be substituted or added to the listed items.

[0058] Referring to the drawings, in which like numerals indicate like features, a nonlimiting and simplified example of a multi-barrel rapid-fire gun assembly in accordance with the invention is generally indicated by reference numeral In all embodiments described in this specification, the gun assembly 10 includes a multi-barrel barrel arrangement 20 and a magazine arrangement 30 located in an annular space about the barrel arrangement 20. Both the barrel arrangement 20 and the magazine arrangement are rotatable relative to a central axis of the gun assembly 10, and also relative to one another. A number of magazine arrangements 30 are envisaged, with the barrel arrangement 20 remaining essentially the same. A further important common denominator is the need for accurate synchronization between the rotating barrel and the rotating magazine. This is typically achieved using a gearing arrangement, with some variations discussed in the examples below.

[0059] Barrel arrangement

[0060] The barrel arrangement 20, best seen in Figures 1 to 4, includes a plurality of barrels 21 spaced apart about a common central axis. Each barrel 21 is in the form of a long, cylindrical metal tube through which a projectile of a cartridge is fired. It is a critical component of a firearm, designed to guide the projectile and control its trajectory. In the present invention, a plurality of barrels are provided. The barrels, for example between four and eight, are equidistantly spaced apart the central axis of the gun assembly, so as to define an intermittent circle when viewed in plan. In a preferred embodiment, the barrel arrangement 20 includes five barrels 21.

[0061] Magazine arrangements

[0062] As mentioned above, the invention envisages the use of different magazine arrangements 30, all of which share the common feature of being located in an annular zone around the barrel arrangement 20, and being rotatable relative to the rotating barrel arrangement 20.

[0063] A first embodiment of a magazine arrangement 30 is shown in Figures 1 and 3. In this design, a set of tubular magazines (e.g. 16) is arranged circumferentially around the barrels 21 , protruding forward in the firing direction to allow for convenient access and loading. A plurality of rotating barrels (e.g. 5) is provided, with each barrel being loaded with a single round by a specialized carrier designed (described in more detail below) to accommodate sufficient lateral movement as the magazine rotates past the gun assembly's 10 loading point. The angular velocity between the barrels and the magazines is synchronized through a gear mechanism (described in more detail below), ensuring proper alignment for loading.

[0064] A second embodiment of the magazine arrangement 30 is shown in Figures 2 and 4. In this design, a helical spiral magazine arrangement 30 is utilized. The spirally configured magazine is wrapped around the barrels to provide a more compact and efficient system for accommodating a higher round capacity along the length of the barrels. Unlike the traditional Calico helical magazine, which is spring-driven, this embodiment employs the same drive motor that powers the gun assembly's barrels to drive the magazine. A suitable gear ratio is employed to match the feeding speed of the magazine with the barrel rotation speed, ensuring a forced feed that reduces the feeding issues commonly associated with spring-driven designs like the Calico design.

[0065] A third, and preferred, embodiment of the magazine arrangement 30 is shown in Figures 13, 14 and 15. In this design, a set of spring-loaded stack magazines 30.1 (e.g. 16) are arranged circumferentially around the barrels 21. Each stack magazine comprises an elongate magazine in which the cartridges are arranged in a single, straight vertical column, with each round positioned directly adjacent one another. The design shows a single stack design, but it would be appreciated that a double stack design could also be utilized. Stack magazines are well known in the art, but the configuration in which a set of stack magazines are disposed in the annular space about the rotating barrels is new and inventive. The difference between the configuration shown in Figure 13 and the one shown in Figures 14 and 15 relate to the feed mechanisms, which are discussed in more detail below when the different feed mechanisms are discussed. For all embodiments described, the magazine assembly may be disengaged and moved forward by an actuator, providing access to the rear end(s) of the magazine as well as the gun assembly's loading port for maintenance, reloading, or other operational requirements.

[0066] The gun assembly may be reloaded in several ways. One method involves replacing the entire magazine arrangement, which can be done by removing the magazines either forward or backward, depending on the design. This offers a straightforward and efficient way to reload the weapon. In the case of the tubular and linear stack magazines it is also possible to simply replace an empty tubular or linear stack magazine with a reloaded one as needed similar to replacing the magazine of any other gun. Alternatively, a "speed loading" mechanism may be used, where the magazine arrangement runs in reverse as rounds are fed through the loading port(s) of the magazines. To engage this system properly, the gun may need to be elevated to a specific position. In the case of the gun being mounted on a vehicle, particularly on the roof, this position could be vertical, allowing for loading from beneath the weapon (under armor), which provides additional protection for the operator during the reloading process.

[0067] Synchronization arrangement

[0068] As mentioned above, accurate synchronization between the rotating barrel arrangement 20 and the rotating magazine arrangement 30 is critical. This is typically achieved using a gearing arrangement, with some variations discussed in the examples below.

[0069] One example is shown in Figure 8. In this example, the gun assembly 10 includes a gear arrangement 70, configured to synchronize the angular velocity of the barrel arrangement 20 and the magazine arrangement 30. The drive gear arrangement 70 includes an actuator 71 , for example in the form of an electrical motor, which drives a common drive shaft 72. The drive shaft 72 in turn drives a magazine gear set 73 as well as a barrel gear set 74, with each gear set including a small gear located on the drive shaft, and a large gear located adjacent the stationary housing 41 , with one large gear being connected to the magazine arrangement 30, and another to the barrel arrangement 20.

[0070] In the example shown, there are five barrels and sixteen magazine tubes. This means each barrel is positioned 72° equidistant (360 I 5), and each magazine tube is positioned 22,5° equidistant (3601 16).

[0071] This means that:

[0072] Magazine gear set ratio: 0,1579

[0073] Barrel magazine gear set ratio: 0,5053

[0074] Barrel to magazine ratio: 0,5053 / 0,1579 = 3,2

[0075] In use, every time the magazine rotates 22,5°, the barrels rotate 3,2*22,5 = 72°, thus aligning a new barrel with a new magazine. Other combinations of barrel count and magazine count can be realized by adjusting gear ratios, and the basic principles and methodology will remain the same.

[0076] Another, and preferred, example of a synchronisation arrangement is shown in Figures 14, 15 and 16. In this example, the barrel arrangement 20 also comprises five barrels 21 and the magazine arrangement 30 is provided with sixteen linear stack magazines 30.1 , which are organized equidistantly around the axis of rotation. A cartridge feed wheel 96 is rotatably mounted at an angle, for example 45 degrees, with respect to the central rotation axis of the barrel arrangement 20. Note that the cartridge feed wheel also performs the function of a central gear, and references to ‘cartridge feed wheel’ and ‘central gear’ therefore refers to the same component.

[0077] The cartridge feed wheel or central gear 96 is provided with two gear wheels, designated a first gear wheel 96.1 and a second gear wheel 96.2. The second gear wheel 96.2 is specifically configured and angled to simultaneously engage with a magazine gear 97 provided on a drum of the rotating magazine arrangement 30 and a barrel gear 98 linked to the rotating barrel arrangement 20. This inter-engagement establishes the necessary mechanical synchronization between the two rotating components. In this configuration, the gear ratio between the second gear 96.2 and the barrel gear 98 is 1 :1. The gear ratio between the second gear 96.2 and the magazine gear 97 is 16:5. Consequently, for every one full rotation of the barrel arrangement 20, the magazine drum 30 rotates 5 / 16 of a turn. This ratio is selected to synchronize the sequential positioning of the sixteen magazines 30.1 relative to the five barrels 21 , ensuring a cartridge is always presented to a loading barrel. It is to be understood that other ratios corresponding to differing numbers of magazines and barrels can be accommodated by adjusting the gear ratios accordingly.

[0078] The second gear 96.2 is further engaged by a drive gear 99 mounted directly to an electric motor 100. Thus, the motor 100 drives the gun assembly 10 and the magazine drum 30 simultaneously through the cartridge feed wheel 96, with the correct, fixed synchronization maintained by the established gear ratios, independent of the motor speed. The desired firing rate is therefore controlled solely by adjusting the operational speed of the electric motor 100.

[0079] Note that in the examples, reference is made to geared arrangements. However, it will be appreciated that although a geared arrangement is preferable, it will be equally possible to use other mechanical drive arrangements such as a belt and pulley arrangement, a chain and sprocket arrangement, or even a magnetic drive.

[0080] Cartridge transfer arrangements

[0081] A number of cartridge transfer arrangements may be utilized for the transfer of cartridges from the magazine arrangement 30 to the barrel arrangement 20. The arrangement will, or course, be influenced by the magazine arrangement utilized. A first example of a cartridge transfer arrangement 90 for use in transferring cartridges from the magazine 30 to the chamber 43 is now described with reference to Figures 9 to 12.

[0082] The gun assembly 10 includes a chamber structure 40 which in turn includes a stationary cylindrical housing 41 that encloses a rotatable gun core 46. The gun core 46 includes multiple chambers 43, with cartridges in use having to be transferred from the magazine 30 into such chambers 43. It is, of course, critical for such transfer to happen smoothly and efficiently, in particular because the gun assembly 10 has such a high firing rate. It should be noted that the cartridge transfer arrangement 90 is described with reference to the magazine 30 arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 3, i.e. the arrangement which includes a plurality of magazine tubes. The same configuration, with some relevant adjustments, will however also be used for the helical magazine of Figures 2 and 4.

[0083] The transfer arrangement 90 includes a pivotable transfer arm 91 which is pivotably secured relative to the stationary housing 41. The transfer arm 91 has a first end 91.1 that terminates in a follower formation, and a second end

[0084] 91.2 that is pivotably attached to a push plate 92. The follower formation is in use located inside a cam track 41.1 that is formed in an inner surface of the stationary housing 41 , with the cam track 41.1 including an indentation

[0085] 41.2 where the follower formation, and hence the transfer arm 91 , is displaced from a resting position (Figure 12a) to a loading position (Figure 12c).

[0086] The transfer arm 91 is located in a transfer chamber 32 of the magazine, where a cartridge 30.3 is located before being loaded into the chamber 43 of the gun assembly 10. A cartridge 30.3 is held in position inside the transfer chamber 32 by way of two spring loaded retainer arms 93, which are biased towards a position where they effectively close a bottom end of the transfer chamber 32. The retainer arms 93 can, however, be displaced against the bias to an open configuration, so as to allow a cartridge to pass from the transfer chamber 32 of the magazine into the chamber 43 of the gun assembly 10. The push plate 92 is configured and dimensioned to be able to pass through a gap provided between the two retainer arms 93.

[0087] It should be noted that, although not shown in the drawings for the purposes of clarity, a transfer arm 91 and two retainer arms 93 will be provided in each transfer chamber 32.

[0088] In use, the cam track 41.1 will be configured so that the indentation 41.2 in the cam track is aligned with both a transfer chamber 32 and a chamber 43 of the gun assembly when a transfer sequence must take place. At this point, a cartridge 30.3 will be located inside the transfer chamber 32, and will still be retained in position by the spring-loaded retaining arms 93. Immediately before a transfer sequence, the transfer arm 91 will still be tucked away, and the push plate 92 will not be exerting a force on the cartridge 30.3. When the chambers, 43 and 32, are aligned, and the follower formation at the end 91.1 of the transfer arm 91 enters the indentation 41.2 in the cam track 41.1 , the transfer arm 91 pivots, thus urging the push plate 92 towards the cartridge 30.3. The push plate 92 engages the cartridge 30.3, and urges the cartridge 30.3 through the retainer arms 93 into the gun chamber 43. When the follower formation of the transfer arm 91 exists the indentation 41 .2, the arm 91 returns to its original position, and the next cartridge can be moved (in this case under spring bias) into the transfer chamber 32. It will be appreciated that the movement of the housing 41 , magazine 30 and gun core 46 are all facilitated and coordinated by the gear arrangement 70, and this process will therefore always remain synchronised.

[0089] Although not shown in the figures, it is also worth noting that the gun loading chamber 43 is slightly oversized relative to the barrels. The loading chamber 43 is linked to the barrel by way of a slightly tapering conduit, through which the cartridge is pushed by the bolt. The slightly larger loading chamber is provided to enable the rapid loading of the gun assembly during the rotational sequence described above. A second example of a cartridge transfer arrangement for use in transferring cartridges from the magazine arrangement 30 to the chamber 43 is now described with reference to Figure 13. This configuration utilises a feed chute 95 extending between the magazine and the barrels.

[0090] In this example, the cartridges in each of the stack magazines 30.1 are pushed backwards towards the breech end of the gun assembly 10. When the individual stack magazine 30.1 rotates towards the feed chute inlet 95.1 of the feed chute 95 the small retaining clips 30.2 of the stack magazine 30.1 are released by a cam (not shown) allowing the next cartridge to move out of the stack magazine 30.1. When the cartridge is in this position, it is held in place by pusher plugs 94 on each side and a stationary stopper plate (not shown) which is only open at the feed chute inlet 95.1.

[0091] When the cartridge passes the feed chute inlet 95.1 the geometry (chute inlet geometry in combination with a tapered end 94.1 of the pusher plug 94) forces the cartridge into the feed chute 95 by the pusher plug 94 until the pusher plug 94 has passed through the feed chute inlet 95.1 through a recess 95.3 provided in the chute inlet. The cartridge is pushed in to the feed chute 95 which is not rotating relative to the barrel arrangement 20 or the magazine arrangement 30. As more and more cartridges are pushed into the feed chute 95 they are forced towards the other end of the feed chute 95.2 and thus forced into the chamber 43.

[0092] In a more advanced version, the small retaining clips 30.2 at the end the stack magazine 30.1 may be controlled by an actuator (not shown) keeping it fully shut and thus preventing the cartridge from reaching the feed chute inlet 95.1. This in turn, enables the ability to only select cartridges from one or more of the stacked magazines 30.1 in the magazine arrangement 30 in order to only fire one or more ammunition types loaded in this / these particular stack magazine(s) 30.1 suitable for a specific target scenario. However, this will either result in a reduced firing rate as some of the chambers 43 will be empty or alternatively require that the gear ratio between the barrel arrangement 20 and the magazine arrangement 30 may be changed dynamically (not shown) to increase the speed of the magazine arrangement 30 relative to the barrel arrangement 20. For this particular embodiment it is also possible to have the magazine arrangement 30 and the barrel arrangement 20 rotate in opposite directions.

[0093] A further, and preferred, example of a cartridge transfer arrangement for use in transferring cartridges from the magazine arrangement 30 to the chamber 43 is now described with reference to Figures 14, 15 and 16. This embodiment expands upon the rotating magazine-barrel synchronization described in Figure 13 by incorporating a positive feed mechanism to ensure reliable and controlled cartridge transfer from the magazines 30.1 to the chambers 43 of the rotating barrels.

[0094] Note that in the context of this specification, positive displacement (obviously in a non-fluid context) generally refers to a mechanism that physically grips, pushes, or drives an object so that it moves a fixed, predictable amount with each cycle, regardless of resistance or external conditions. Instead of relying on passive forces like gravity or inertia, it actively forces the item from one position to the next, ensuring precise and repeatable motion.

[0095] In this configuration, each cartridge is actively guided from the magazine through a feed chute 95 and into the chamber by means of a cartridge feed wheel 96. This cartridge feed wheel 96 is mechanically driven and works in conjunction with a cam and follower system to provide positive, timed feeding. As the magazine arrangement 30 and barrel arrangement 20 rotate, the cartridge feed wheel 96 engages with each round in succession, pushing it through the feed chute 95 with controlled force and alignment.

[0096] The cartridge feed wheel 96 include one or more feed discs 96.4 that include cutouts 96.3 that are configured to engage a cartridge and controls its position during the feeding process. The cutouts 96.3 guide the cartridge down a feed rail 95.3 towards the barrel arrangement 20, and hence chambers 43, for chambering. The precise alignment between the cutouts 96.3, the magazine stacks 30.1 , and the gun assembly 10 is established during installation and is mechanically maintained by the interlocking gears (96.2, 97, 98) throughout operation.

[0097] Unlike the example in Figure 13, in which the cartridges are driven by successive pusher plugs 94 passing by the feed chute inlet 95.1 , the fourth embodiment relies on a positive mechanical drive to feed each round. As a result, the movement of the cartridge is both more forceful and deterministic, enabling reliable chambering under a wider range of operational orientations and conditions.

[0098] With reference to Figure 14 and 15, the cartridges enter the chute 95 at a chute inlet 95.1 end and are guided along the feed chute 95 into the respective chambers 43. The chamber wall 103 is provided with a cut-out configured to accommodate the spiral movement of each cartridge 30.3 as it enters the chamber 43. The housing includes a central guiding member, or “finger”, 105, which extends between the feed discs 96.4. The guiding member 105 directs each cartridge 30.3 out of the feed wheel 96 and into the chamber 43, while the feed wheel just rotates out again via the cutouts in the housing.

[0099] Referring to Figure 14, reference numeral 102 denotes an ejection port. As the spent cartridges 30.3 reach the ejection port, a set of fixed lifting fingers (not shown) raises each spent cartridge 30.3 into the port with the assistance of a lift wheel 101 (also in the form of a rotating disc(s) with cutouts mounted on a rotating shaft 106), thereby clearing the chamber for the next round. As the spent cartridges 30.3 leave the lift wheel 101 , they bear against one another until they are expelled to the exterior.

[0100] Importantly, once in the feed chute 95, the cartridge continues to be pushed forward by the cartridge feed wheel 96 and is not dependent on subsequent rounds entering the chute to move it forward. Eventually, it reaches the feed chute outlet 95.2 and enters fully aligned directly into the chamber of the rotating barrel. Because the motion of the cartridge feed wheel 96 is timed to the chamber's position, each round is guided precisely into place without relying on inertia or gravity. The cartridge holding parts 96.3 may be spring loaded (not shown) to allow for some play in the process and ease the load on the cartridges 30.3. Additionally, internal cam(s) (not shown) in the cartridge feed wheel 96 may be used to push the cartridge out of the cartridge holding parts 96.3 into the chamber 43 at exactly the right time, i.e. when they are sufficiently aligned.

[0101] The cartridge feed wheel’s 96 rotation is synchronized with the motion of the barrels via the synchronization gear arrangement as described above, ensuring that each cartridge is presented at the exact moment the corresponding chamber 43 is in position. This synchronization guarantees precise delivery and eliminates timing mismatches during high-speed operation. Unlike passive or gravity-fed systems, this design forces the cartridge along the feed path and into the chamber, regardless of weapon orientation. This ensures reliable chambering even under dynamic conditions, including vibration, recoil, or inclined operation. The addition of the cartridge feed wheel 96 in this embodiment significantly improves feed reliability, reduces the risk of jams or misalignment, and supports consistent performance in demanding operational environments.

[0102] As with the example of Figure 13, this arrangement may optionally include active control of the retaining clips 30.2 via an actuator (not shown), allowing cartridges to be selectively released from one or more stack magazines 30.1 depending on the desired ammunition type. This enables the system to dynamically select the appropriate stack magazine 30.1 for a given target or mission scenario. In such cases, feed logic can be integrated to ensure that only chambers 43 aligned with selected magazines receive cartridges, while others remain empty unless the gear ratio between the barrel arrangement 20 and the magazine arrangement 30 is dynamically adjusted (not shown) to maintain continuous feeding. This embodiment also allows for the possibility that the magazine arrangement 30 and barrel arrangement 20 rotate in opposite directions, which can further optimize timing and feed efficiency. Non-limiting firing mechanism example

[0103] Although not a limiting aspect of the invention, one embodiment of a rotating chamber assembly and firing mechanism which can be used with the gun assembly is shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7. As mentioned, the invention is not limited to this configuration, and this shows but one example of how the firing mechanism can be put into effect. The gist of the invention resides in the configuration of the rotatable barrel and the magazine rotatably located in an annular space about the barrel, the synchronization arrangement, and the feed mechanism used to feed cartridges from the magazine in to the barrels.

[0104] In the example shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, the barrels 21 have inner ends 22 terminating in a chamber structure 40. The chamber structure 40 comprises a housing in the form of a cylindrical body. A rotatable gun core 46 is located inside the cylindrical housing and includes a number of elongate bores 42 (seen in Figure 7), each of which corresponds with an inner end 22 of a barrel 21. One end 42.1 of each bore 42 is configured to receive the inner end 22 of a barrel 21 , with that section of the barrel (located snugly inside the bore) defining a chamber 43 of the barrel 21 . The chamber 43 is the part of the barrel 21 or receiver into which the cartridge is loaded and then held in place for firing.

[0105] A second end 42.2 of each bore 42 houses the sliding bolt and firing pin assembly 50 of the gun assembly, which is described in more detail below. A loading slot 44 is provided, through which cartridges are received from the magazine arrangement 30, and also ejected to the environment.

[0106] The bolt and pin assembly 50 includes a sliding bolt 51 and a firing pin assembly 55 located slidingly inside the bolt 51. In the present invention, the gun assembly utilizes a powered cycle, and the bolt does not function on a recoil or gas driven basis. The bolt 51 is driven by the same drive arrangement that drives the barrel arrangement 20 and the magazine arrangement 30 to ensure that the entire assembly remains synchronized at all times. The bolt 51 so driven urges a cartridge that is displaced from the magazine arrangement 30 through a loading slot 44 into the chamber 43 of the gun assembly, and after being fired the spent cartridge is ejected from the gun assembly through an ejection slot (not shown). As mentioned above, this is a completely driven system, which means that the loading and ejecting actions will take place even if there is a misfire. Each barrel 21 of the barrel arrangement 20 has its own designated bolt 51 , and hence pin 52, which rotates with the barrel arrangement 20.

[0107] The firing pin assembly 55 is slidingly located inside the bolt 51. The firing pin 55 includes an elongate pin 56 that can slide relative to the bolt 51 , and which has a first end 56.1 located on a hammer 63 side of the bolt, and a second end 56.2 located on the chamber 43 side of the bolt. The firing pin assembly 55 also includes a spring 57 which biases the firing pin 56 towards the hammer side, where the end 56.1 is exposed to the hammer 63. The firing pin assembly 55 forms part of the bolt 51 , and as such, in this example each barrel 21 of the barrel arrangement 20 has its own designated firing pin assembly 55, which rotates with the barrel arrangement 20.

[0108] The gun assembly 10 also includes and end support 60 which is stationary in use, and which serves the combined purpose of providing an axis about which the barrel arrangement 20 rotates, while also carrying the single hammer 63 of the gun assembly 10. The end support includes an end flange 61 from which and elongate stub 62 extends. A complementary opening in the chamber structure 40 fits over the stub 62, with the stub therefore acting as the axis of rotation.

[0109] The hammer 63 is a component of a firearm’s firing mechanism. It is a spring- loaded 66 part that in use strikes the firing pin 55 of the cartridge when the trigger is pulled, initiating the firing process. In this invention, the gun assembly 10 only includes a single hammer 63, and the barrels are rotated in and out of a firing position where the relevant barrel 21 is aligned with the hammer 63. The hammer 63 is carried on the end support 60, and more particularly on a hammer base 64 provided on the flange 61 of the end support. The hammer base 64 is in the form of a pedestal from which a pin 65 extends in the direction of the bolt and pin assembly 50. An elongate hammer body 67 is slidingly located on the pin 65, with a spring 66 located between the hammer body 67 and the pedestal 64 biasing the hammer away from the flange 61 towards the bolt and pin assembly 50.

[0110] The hammer body 67 is displaced against the spring bias towards the flange 61 by a cam surface 45 of the rotating chamber structure. The cam surface has a profile which includes a rising section 45.1 that displaces the hammer body 67 away from the bolt & pin assembly 50, and a release section 45.2 (in the form of a step formation) which allows the hammer body 67 rapidly to be displaced towards the bolt and pin assembly 50 under spring 66 bias.

[0111] The hammer 63 and the firing pin 55 work together to fire the gun. When the gun is actuated (whether by ushing a firing button, or by actuation by a control system) the spring-loaded hammer 63 is released due to the rotation of the rotating chamber structure. The hammer then strikes the firing pin 55, causing it to hit the primer of the cartridge. This ignites the gunpowder, which in turn fires the projectile. More particularly, when the firing pin strikes the primer of the cartridge seated in the chamber 43, the gunpowder ignites, propelling the projectile down the barrel 21. The chamber 43 is specifically designed to fit the cartridge type for the firearm, ensuring proper alignment and sealing during firing to contain the explosive pressure safely.

[0112] Further aspects

[0113] The access to the gun’s loading port may also be used for secondary ammunition feed such as through a chute. As shotgun shells and some other more advanced cartridge designs are almost cylindrical links may not be needed but the shells may be forced into the loading port by a powered feed mechanism that feeds the chute. This may also be configured to reload the magazine(s) when the gun’s magazine(s) are being reloaded by synchronizing the feed with the magazine(s) rotation.

[0114] The gun can also be equipped with a mechanical and / or electrically driven safety catch (not shown) that prevents the gun from rotating into the firing position until it is safe to do so. To further protect against accidental cook-off caused by excessive heat buildup, a temperature sensor can be installed to monitor chamber and barrel temperatures, determining when pre-cranking can safely occur. To enhance cooling efficiency, an internal cooler, such as a temperature-controlled fan, may be incorporated to rapidly cool the gun, ensuring safe and reliable operation during extended use.

[0115] Some other characteristics of the gun present further improvements over the prior art. These include, but are not limited to:

[0116] The invention is designed to be caliber-agnostic, enabling it to accommodate a variety of ammunition types, including standard cartridges with percussion primers. However, using multiple tubular magazines with these types of ammunition presents a significant challenge, as forcing one cartridge’s projectile tip against the percussion primer of the preceding round can inadvertently ignite the next round’s primer. This creates a safety risk that must be addressed to ensure the system’s versatility and reliability. One potential solution could be to incorporate a primer-cap that is “wiped off’ just before a round is loaded into the gun, possibly through the use of an extractor or wiper mechanism on the feeding arm, which would help mitigate the risk of accidental primer ignition.

[0117] - Additionally, the design may accommodate the use of electric primers, which would allow for a different type of triggering mechanism or switch to activate the next round. In this case, the hammer-like component of the system could function as a switch instead of a traditional firing pin, enabling integration with electric primer systems and offering a safer and more efficient way to fire the rounds.

[0118] To further enhance the system's functionality and safety, the design may also incorporate an angular position and velocity sensor to track the exact location and rotational speed of the barrels. This sensor would help ensure that the firing mechanism is synchronized with the barrel rotation.

[0119] Furthermore, a braking system may be included to stop the rotation after firing, allowing the system to quickly prepare for the next engagement. This would improve the overall efficiency and responsiveness of the weapon system.

[0120] The combination of design elements results in a gun with a high firing rate and several key characteristics. To mentioned but a few: The multiple barrels contribute to reduced heat buildup, allowing the gun to maintain a high rate of fire without overheating. Additionally, the annular magazine design, as opposed to traditional ammunition belts or cartridges, allows for vertical displaceability, providing easier access and more flexible handling. Lastly, the use of fixed gearing ensures fail-proof synchronization between the barrels and the feeding system, enhancing reliability and precision during operation.

[0121] Although in a current preferred embodiment the gun will be used with shotgun shells, the system may also find application in more customized ammunition types that may include slugs, saboted ammunition and flechettes to increase range and terminal ballistic performance. It may also utilise explosive projectiles being able to be programmed in barrel. Commercial-of- the-shelf shotgun shells are limited by having to be shoulder-fired and the overall weight of the gun. Therefore, the type of propellant and amount have to be kept within certain reasonable limits for a human to handle. However, this is not the case for this gun as it may be designed to fire bigger (predominantly longer) more energetic rounds which may be needed.

[0122] It will be appreciated that the above is only one embodiment of the invention and that there may be many variations without departing from the spirit and / or the scope of the invention. It is easily understood from the present application that the particular features of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures, can be arranged and designed according to a wide variety of different configurations. In this way, the description of the present invention and the related figures are not provided to limit the scope of the invention but simply represent selected embodiments.

[0123] The skilled person will understand that the technical characteristics of a given embodiment can in fact be combined with characteristics of another embodiment, unless otherwise expressed or it is evident that these characteristics are incompatible. Also, the technical characteristics described in a given embodiment can be isolated from the other characteristics of this embodiment unless otherwise expressed.

Claims

CLAIMS:1 . A multi-barrel rapid-fire gun assembly comprising: a barrel arrangement including a plurality of barrels configured to receive and fire cartridges; a magazine arrangement configured for housing cartridges to be fired, the magazine arrangement being disposed in an annular configuration about the barrel arrangement; wherein the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement are rotatable about a rotational axis of the gun assembly; and a synchronization arrangement configured to synchronise relative rotation between the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement.

2. The gun assembly of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of barrels are equidistantly spaced about a central axis of the gun assembly, thereby defining an intermittent circle in plan view.

3. The gun assembly of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the barrel arrangement comprises between 2 and 12 barrels, preferably between 3 and 8 barrels.

4. The gun assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the magazine arrangement is located in an annular space around an exterior of the barrel arrangement.

5. The gun assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the magazine arrangement comprises a helical chamber extending around the barrel arrangement.

6. The gun assembly of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magazine arrangement comprises a plurality of elongate tubes spaced apart about the barrel arrangement, the tubes being substantially parallel to the barrels.

7. The gun assembly of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magazine arrangement comprises a plurality of elongated linear stack magazines spaced apart about the barrel arrangement, the plurality of elongated linear stack magazines defining an annular magazine arrangement.

8. The gun assembly of claim 7 wherein the stack magazines are substantially parallel to the barrels and the cartridges inside the stack magazines are oriented substantially perpendicular to the barrel orientation.

9. The gun assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the synchronization arrangement comprises a geared arrangement.

10. The gun assembly of claim 9, wherein the synchronization arrangement includes a central gear rotatably mounted on the gun assembly, rotation of which drives complementary gears on the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement.

11. The gun assembly of claim 10, wherein the central gear includes a magazine gear and a barrel gear.

12. The gun assembly of any one of claims 10 or 11 , wherein the central gear is driven by a drive gear attached to an actuator, preferably a motor.

13. The gun assembly of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a feed mechanism configured to feed cartridges from the magazine arrangement to the barrel arrangement.

14. The gun assembly of claim 13 including a feeding chute for use in conveying cartridges from the magazine arrangement to the barrel arrangement.

15. The gun assembly of claim 13 or 14, wherein the feed mechanism is a positive-displacement feed mechanism configured to positively displace cartridges from the magazine arrangement into chambers of the gun assembly.

16. The gun assembly of any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the central gear is configured to act as a cartridge feed wheel arranged to physically engage cartridges and displace them from the magazine arrangement toward the chambers along a chute.

17. The gun assembly of claim 16, wherein the cartridge feed wheel comprises one or more feed discs rotating with the feed wheel, the feed discs including engagement apertures.

18. The gun assembly of claim 17, wherein each engagement aperture comprises a semi-circular cut-out configured and dimensioned to receive a portion of a cartridge to physically engage and displace the cartridge.

19. A method of operating a multi-barrel rapid-fire gun assembly comprising a barrel arrangement and an annular magazine arrangement, the method comprising: rotating the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement about a common rotational axis; synchronising the rotation of the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement using a synchronisation arrangement; and feeding cartridges from the magazine arrangement into chambers of the barrel arrangement in synchrony with the rotation.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein synchronising the rotation comprises driving complementary gears of the barrel arrangement and the magazine arrangement using a central gear.

21. The method of claim 19 or 20, wherein feeding the cartridges comprises positively displacing each cartridge using a positive-displacement feed mechanism.

22. The method of any one of claims 19 to 21 , wherein feeding the cartridges comprises engaging each cartridge with a cartridge feed wheel having one or more feed discs with engagement apertures, and displacing the cartridge along a chute toward a chamber of the barrel arrangement.

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