Compositions with Improved Stability having Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
Incorporating galactomannans with defined molecular weights and cationic substitution improves the stability and softness of quaternary ammonium compound compositions, addressing stability issues at elevated temperatures and extended periods.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SPECIALTY OPERATIONS FRANCE
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-02
AI Technical Summary
Compositions containing quaternary ammonium compounds face stability issues, particularly at elevated temperatures and over extended periods, which affect their performance in laundry and fabric conditioning applications.
Incorporating galactomannans with specific molecular weights, cationic degrees of substitution, and low protein content with quaternary ammonium compounds enhances the stability of the compositions.
The compositions demonstrate improved stability and softness properties at both room and elevated temperatures, offering better performance over time.
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Figure PCTCN2024141284-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2024141284-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2024141284-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
Compositions with Improved Stability having Quaternary Ammonium CompoundsTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention generally relates to compositions having at least one quaternary ammonium compound. More specifically, the present invention relates to compositions having at least one quaternary ammonium compound and at least one galactomannan. The present invention also relates to methods for making the compositions having at least one quaternary ammonium compound and at least one galactomannan, as well as uses thereof.BACKGROUND
[0002] Quaternary ammonium compounds, also generally known as “quats, ” are used in various compositions for a variety of applications, including in laundry and fabric conditioning compositions. In fact, certain quats are known to help with conditioning and softening fabrics, such as diethyl ester dimethyl ammonium chloride ( “DEEDMAC” ) , which is the ditallow fatty acid ester of di-2-hydroxyethyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. Similarly, dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium compounds ( “DHTDMA” ) , such as the chloride ( “DHTDMAC” ) and methyl sulfate salts ( “DHTDMAMS” ) are known to help soften fabrics. One particular example of a DHTDMAC is distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride ( “DSDMAC” ) . The quats, which are cationic in nature, are believed to soften fabrics by modifying or binding to the surface of the fabric fibers, which imparts a softer feel to the same. Accordingly, it is desirable to include quats in such compositions.
[0003] However, as explained in EP 3158038, as well as in EP 3158039, EP 3158040, EP 3158041, and EP 3158042, compositions having quats, including ester quaternary ammonium compounds, can suffer from stability issues. And while the compositions in the aforementioned patents help provide improved softening properties, as well as enhanced perfume delivery and longevity, there remains a need in the art for providing compositions having improved stability, especially over extended periods of time and at elevated temperatures.
[0004] In particular, there remains a need in the art for compositions, such as laundry and fabric conditioning compositions, having at least one quaternary ammonium compound that have improved stability, including improved stability over extended periods of time and at elevated temperatures. There also remains a need in the art for methods for making such compositions, including laundry and fabric conditioning compositions, having improved stability over extended periods of time and at elevated temperatures, as well as uses for such compositions.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The present invention generally relates to compositions having at least one quaternary ammonium compound. In this respect, an embodiment of the present invention generally relates to a composition comprising:
[0006] at least one galactomannan, wherein the galactomannan comprises:
[0007] a Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol, preferably 50,000 g / mol or less, more preferably 35,000 g / mol or less;
[0008] a cationic DS of 0.20 or less, preferably 0.18 or less, more preferably 0.15 or less; and
[0009] a protein content of less than 6 wt. %, preferably about 4 wt. %or less, more preferably about 2 wt. %or less, and
[0010] at least one quaternary ammonium compound, preferably an ester quaternary ammonium compound.
[0011] An embodiment of the present invention also relates to a fabric conditioning composition comprising a composition comprising:
[0012] at least one galactomannan, wherein the galactomannan comprises:
[0013] a Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol, preferably 50,000 g / mol or less, more preferably 35,000 g / mol or less;
[0014] a cationic DS of 0.20 or less, preferably 0.18 or less, more preferably 0.15 or less; and
[0015] a protein content of less than 6 wt. %, preferably about 4 wt. %or less, more preferably about 2 wt. %or less, and
[0016] at least one quaternary ammonium compound, preferably an ester quaternary ammonium compound.
[0017] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of making a composition comprising:
[0018] at least one galactomannan, wherein the galactomannan comprises:
[0019] a Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol, preferably 50,000 g / mol or less, more preferably 35,000 g / mol or less;
[0020] a cationic DS of 0.20 or less, preferably 0.18 or less, more preferably 0.15 or less; and
[0021] a protein content of less than 6 wt. %, preferably about 4 wt. %or less, more preferably about 2 wt. %or less, and
[0022] at least one quaternary ammonium compound, preferably an ester quaternary ammonium compound,
[0023] the method comprising combining the at least one galactomannan with the at least one quaternary ammonium compound.
[0024] In yet another embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising:
[0025] at least one galactomannan, wherein the galactomannan comprises:
[0026] a Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol, preferably 50,000 g / mol or less, more preferably 35,000 g / mol or less;
[0027] a cationic DS of 0.20 or less, preferably 0.18 or less, more preferably 0.15 or less; and
[0028] a protein content of less than 6 wt. %, preferably about 4 wt. %or less, more preferably about 2 wt. %or less, and
[0029] at least one quaternary ammonium compound, preferably an ester quaternary ammonium compound,
[0030] in laundry care compositions, including as a fabric conditioning composition.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0031] The term and phrases “invention, ” “present invention, ” “instant invention, ” and similar terms and phrases as used herein are non-limiting and are not intended to limit the present subject matter to any single embodiment, but rather encompasses all possible embodiments as described.
[0032] Throughout the description, including the claims, the term “a” and the phrase “at least one” are synonymous, and likewise, the phrase "comprising one" or “comprising a" should be understood as being synonymous with the term "comprising at least one, " unless otherwise specified. Additionally, "between" should be understood as being inclusive of the limits. Further, throughout the description, including the claims, the terms “comprising” and “having” can be used interchangeably, and should be understood as being synonymous.
[0033] As used herein, the term "fabric conditioning" is used in the broadest sense to include any conditioning benefit (s) to textile fabrics, materials, yarns, and woven fabrics. One such conditioning benefit is softening fabrics. Other non-limiting conditioning benefits include fabric lubrication, fabric relaxation, durable press, wrinkle resistance, wrinkle reduction, ease of ironing, abrasion resistance, fabric smoothing, anti-felting, anti-pilling, crispness, appearance enhancement, appearance rejuvenation, color protection, color rejuvenation, anti-shrinkage, in-wear shape retention, fabric elasticity, fabric tensile strength, fabric tear strength, static reduction, water absorbency or repellency, stain repellency, refreshing, anti-microbial, odor resistance, perfume freshness, perfume longevity, and combinations thereof.
[0034] It should be noted that in specifying any range of concentration, weight ratio or amount, any particular upper concentration, weight ratio or amount can be associated with any particular lower concentration, weight ratio or amount, respectively.
[0035] As indicated above, the present invention generally relates to compositions having at least one quaternary ammonium compound, and more specifically, the present invention relates to compositions having at least one quaternary ammonium compound and at least one galactomannan. The compositions of the present invention may be a personal care composition or a home care composition, and in particular, the compositions of the present invention may be laundry conditioning compositions, fabric conditioning compositions, or both.
[0036] With respect to the compositions of the present invention, among other things, the compositions demonstrate surprisingly better stability both at room temperature, as well as at elevated temperatures. In particular, the compositions of the present invention can demonstrate unexpectedly better stability over extended periods of time at room and elevated temperatures. In this respect, it has been unexpectedly found that by using at least one galactomannan in accordance with the present invention having a certain average molecular weight ( “Mw” ) , cationic DS (also referred to as DScationic herein) , and protein content in combination with at least one quaternary ammonium compound, the resulting compositions have surprisingly better stability. The compositions of the present invention can also provide better softness properties versus using only a quaternary ammonium compound alone.
[0037] Galactomannans
[0038] A variety of galactomannans can be used for the compositions of the present invention. Galactomannans are natural polymers formed from mannose and galactose units, in which the mannose units form the main chain or backbone of the polymer, while the galactose units are substituted along the main chain or backbone. In this respect, galactomannans having a mannose to galactose ratio of about 1: 1 to about 5: 1 can be used.
[0039] In certain embodiments, the galactomannans can have a mannose to galactose ratio of about 1: 1 to about 5: 1, including about 2: 1, about 3: 1, and about 4: 1. The galactomannan having a mannose to galactose ratio of about 1: 1 is commonly referred to as fenugreek, but it is also known as Trigonella foenum-graecum. The galactomannan having a mannose to galactose ratio of about 2: 1 is commonly referred to as guar, but it is also known as Cyamopsis tetragonoloba. In other embodiments, the galactomannans can have a mannose to galactose ratio of about 3: 1 to about 5: 1. Such galactomannans are commonly known as tara (also known as Tara spinosa) , locust bean or carob (also known as Parkia biglobosa) , and cassia (also known as Cassia obtusifolia and Cassia tora) , respectively. Cassia can also be referred to as Senna obtusifolia and Senna tora.
[0040] For example, galactomannans used in the compositions of the present invention can include those having repeating residues (i.e., units) as shown below in formula (I) :
[0041] wherein n can be 0 to 5, preferably n can be 0 to 4; m can be 0 to 5, preferably m can be 0 to 4; with the proviso that n+m is not greater than about 5, preferably with the proviso that n+m is not greater than about 4. The value p in formula (I) is based on the overall average molecular weight (Mw) of the galactomannans, as further described below. In certain preferred embodiments, n+m can be equal to about 0 to 5, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, preferably n+m can be equal to about 0 to 4, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. Also, in certain embodiments, the number of repeating residues in formula (I) , represented by p, can be up to about 1,000, up to about 500, up to about 250, further up to about 200, and p can be at least about 10, at least about 25, and at least about 50. In alternative embodiments, p can be lower than about 10, including at least about 5 when n+m is not greater than about 5, preferably when n+m is not greater than about 4, and in certain preferred alternative embodiments, p can be at least about 5 when n+m is equal to about 0 to 5, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, preferably about 0 to 4, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. For instance, in certain embodiments, the number of repeating residues in formula (I) , represented by p, can range from about 10 to about 1,000, including from about 10 to about 500, also including about 10 to about 250, as well as 10 to about 200. The number of repeating residues in formula (I) , represented by p, can also be about 10 to about 175, including about 10 to about 150, especially when n+m is about 0. The number of repeating residues in formula (I) , represented by p, can be about 10 to about 150, including 10 to about 125, and preferably can be about 10 to about 100, when n+m is about 1. Additionally, the number of repeating resides in formula (I) , represented by p, can be about 10 to about 100, including about 10 to about 75, when n+m is about 2, 3, or 4, and in particular embodiments, the repeating residues in formula (I) , represented by p, can be about 10 to 75, including about 10 to about 50, when n+m is about 4 or 5, preferably when n+m is about 4.
[0042] In certain other embodiments, p can be about 25 to about 250, especially when n+m is about 0; p can be about 25 to about 200, including about 25 to about 150, when n+m is about 1 to 4, and in particular about 1 to 3; and p can be about 10 to about 75, including about 10 to about 50, when n+m is about 5, and in particular about 4.
[0043] The galactomannans in the compositions can be in native or gum form, such as for example guar gum, or the galactomannans can be functionalized by chemical modification. In this respect, when unfunctionalized galactomannans are used in the compositions, no cationic moieties will be chemically added to the galactomannans.
[0044] On the other hand, the galactomannans can be functionalization by chemical modification using a variety of cationic reactive agents, also known as cationizing agents. The cationizing agents can react with the available hydroxyl groups of the galactomannan. In particular, depending on the galactomannan and the hydroxyl groups available for chemical modification, the cationizing agents can react with the available hydroxyl groups of the mannose main chain or backbone, the available hydroxyl groups of the galactose units that are substituted along the mannose main chain or backbone, or both. In this respect, various cationizing agents can be used. Additionally, the cationic galactomannans can be formed from reacting at least one galactomannan in accordance with the invention with at least one cationizing agent.
[0045] As used herein, the term “cationic” and “cationizing” means at least partially cationic. Therefore, the terms “cationizing agent, ” “cationic group, ” “cationic moiety, ” or the plurals thereof can include for example ammoniums, which have a positive charge, as well as primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, amides, and combinations thereof, including precursors thereof that can lead to or can result in positively charged compounds.
[0046] Since the cationizing agents can react with the available hydroxyl groups of the galactomannan to produce the cationic galactomannans, the cationizing agents can have at least one functional group (or moiety) that can react with the same. Such functional groups include, but are not limited to, at least one epoxy, halide, ester, anhydride, ethylenically unsaturated group, or combinations thereof, as well as salts and radicals thereof. In one embodiment, the cationizing agents can have a bivalent linking group, such as an alkylene or oxyalkylene group, between or linking the cationic group (s) or moiety (ies) and the functional or reactive group (s) or moiety (ies) of the cationizing agent. For example, cationic groups or moieties can include, but are not limited to, amino groups, such as primary, secondary, and / or tertiary amino groups, quaternary ammonium groups, sulfonium groups, phosphonium groups, and combinations thereof.
[0047] In one embodiment, the cationizing agents can have a cationic group or moiety that comprises a cationic nitrogen group, more typically, a quaternary ammonium group. Typical quaternary ammonium groups include but are not limited to are trialkylammonium groups, such as trimethylammonium groups, triethylammonium groups, tributylammonium groups, aryldialkylammonium groups, such as benzyldimethylammonium groups, and ammonium groups in which the nitrogen atom is a member of a ring structure, such as pyridinium groups and imidazoline groups, each in combination with a counter ion, typically a chloride, bromide, iodide, or acetate counter ion. In one embodiment, the cationic substituent group is linked to the reactive functional group of the cationizing agent by an alkylene or oxyalkylene linking group.
[0048] In certain embodiments, the cationic groups or moieties can be of formula (II) : -N+R2R3R4 X- (II)
[0049] wherein for amine salt groups R2, R3, and R4 are each independently organic groups or H in which at least one of R2, R3, and R4 is H for the amine salt groups; for quaternary ammonium groups R2, R3, and R4 are each independently organic groups, or any two of R2, R3, and R4 may be fused to form with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached a heterocyclic group, and X-is an anion.
[0050] In other embodiments, the cationizing agents can be cationic epoxides, such as epoxy-functional cationic nitrogen compounds, as well as chlorohydrin-functional cationic nitrogen compounds, cationic ethylenically unsaturated monomers or their precursors, and combinations thereof. For example, cationic epoxides of the present invention can include, but are not limited to 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium bromide, 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium iodide, and mixtures thereof; chlorohydrin-functional cationic nitrogen compounds can include, but are not limited to 3-halogeno-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride, including for example 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl dodecyldimethylammonium chloride, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl lauryldimethylammonium chloride, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl cocoalkyldimethylammonium chloride, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl stearyldimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof; and cationic ethylenically unsaturated monomers or their precursors can include, but are not limited to trimethylammoniumpropyl methacrylamide chloride salt, methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC) , trimethylammoniumpropyl methacrylamide methylsulfate salt, diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (APTAC) , vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide (tertiary amine) precursors of cationic monomers, such as N-vinyl formamide, and N-vinylacetamide (which can be hydrolyzed after polymerization or grafted onto vinyl amine units) , and combinations thereof.
[0051] In certain preferred embodiments, the cationizing agents can be selected from 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium bromide, 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium iodide, 3-halogeno-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride, including for example 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride, (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (APTAC) , and combinations thereof.
[0052] For example, cationic galactomannans of the present invention can include those having repeating residues (i.e., units) as shown below in formula (III) :
[0053] wherein:
[0054] R1 can have formula: R5N+R2R3R4 X- (IV) ;
[0055] wherein for amine salt groups R2, R3, and R4 are each independently organic groups or H, preferably each are independently a C1-C32 alkyl group or H, more preferably each are independently a C1-C18 alkyl group or H, and in certain preferred embodiments R2, R3, and R4 are each independently a C1-C10 alkyl group or H, including each are independently a C1-C5 alkyl group or H, and in which at least one of R2, R3, and R4 is H for the amine salt groups; for quaternary ammonium groups R2, R3, and R4 are each independently organic groups, preferably each are independently a C1-C32 alkyl group, more preferably each are independently a C1-C18 alkyl group, and in certain preferred embodiments R2, R3, and R4 are each independently a C1-C10 alkyl group, including each are independently a C1-C5 alkyl group, or any two of R2, R3, and R4 may be fused to form with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached a heterocyclic group; and X-is an anion, preferably Cl-, Br-, I-, or mixtures thereof, more preferably Cl-;
[0056] R5 is a C1-C5 hydrocarbon group, optionally substituted with at least one group selected from (-OH) , (=O) , (-NH3) , a C1-C8 amide group, preferably a C1-C6 amide group, optionally substituted with at least one group selected from (-OH) , (=O) , (-NH3) , or mixtures thereof, preferably a C1-C5 alkyl group, optionally substituted with at least one group selected from (-OH) , (=O) , (-NH3) , a C1-C6 amide group, or mixtures thereof;
[0057] R10 can be selected from –OH, an alkoxy quaternary ammonium group, or combinations thereof, preferably R10 can be selected from –OH, –OR1, or combinations thereof, with the proviso that at least one R10 is an alkoxy quaternary ammonium group, preferably –OR1; and
[0058] n can be 0 to 5, preferably n can be 0 to 4; m can be 0 to 5, preferably m can be 0 to 4; with the proviso that n+m is not greater than about 5, preferably n+m is not greater than about 4, and preferably n+m can be equal to about 0 to 5, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, preferably n+m can be equal to about 0 to 4, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. The value p in formula (III) , which represents the number of repeating residues in formula (III) , is based on the overall molecular weight (Mw) of the galactomannans, as further described below. Further, in certain embodiments, the number of repeating residues in formula (III) , represented by p, can be up to about 1,000, up to about 500, up to about 250, further up to about 200, and p can be at least about 10, at least about 25, and at least about 50. In alternative embodiments, p can be lower than about 10, including at least about 5 when n+m is not greater than about 5, preferably when n+m is not greater than about 4, and in certain preferred alternative embodiments, p can be at least about 5 when n+m is equal to about 0 to 5, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, preferably about 0 to 4, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. In certain embodiments, the number of repeating residues in formula (III) , represented by p, can range from about 10 to about 1,000, including from about 10 to about 500, also including about 10 to about 250, as well as 10 to about 200. The number of repeating residues in formula (III) , represented by p, can also be about 10 to about 175, including about 10 to about 150, especially when n+m is about 0. The number of repeating residues in formula (III) , represented by p, can be about 10 to about 150, including 10 to about 125, and preferably can be about 10 to about 100, when n+m is about 1. Additionally, the number of repeating resides in formula (III) , represented by p, can be about 10 to about 100, including about 10 to about 75, when n+m is about 2, 3, or 4, and in particular embodiments, the repeating residues in formula (III) , represented by p, can be about 10 to 75, including about 10 to about 50, when n+m is about 4 or 5, preferably when n+m is about 4.
[0059] In certain other embodiments, p can be about 25 to about 250, especially when n+m is about 0; p can be about 25 to about 200, including about 25 to about 150, when n+m is about 1 to 4, and in particular about 1 to 3; and p can be about 10 to about 75, including about 10 to about 50, when n+m is about 5, and in particular about 4.
[0060] In certain embodiments, the cationic galactomannans of the present invention can include those having repeating residues (i.e., units) as shown below in formula (V) :
[0061] wherein:
[0062] R1 can have formula: R5N+R2R3R4 X- (VI) ;
[0063] wherein for amine salt groups R2, R3, and R4 are each independently organic groups or H, preferably each are independently a C1-C32 alkyl group or H, more preferably each are independently a C1-C18 alkyl group or H, and in certain preferred embodiments R2, R3, and R4 are each independently a C1-C10 alkyl group or H, including each are independently a C1-C5 alkyl group or H, and in which at least one of R2, R3, and R4 is H for the amine salt groups; for quaternary ammonium groups R2, R3, and R4 are each independently organic groups, preferably each are independently a C1-C32 alkyl group, more preferably each are independently a C1-C18 alkyl group, and in certain preferred embodiments R2, R3, and R4 are each independently a C1-C10 alkyl group, including each are independently a C1-C5 alkyl group, or any two of R2, R3, and R4 may be fused to form with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached a heterocyclic group; and X-is an anion, preferably Cl-, Br-, I-, or mixtures thereof, more preferably Cl-;
[0064] R5 is a C1-C5 hydrocarbon group, optionally substituted with at least one group selected from (-OH) , (=O) , (-NH3) , a C1-C8 amide group, preferably a C1-C6 amide group, optionally substituted with at least one group selected from (-OH) , (=O) , (-NH3) , or mixtures thereof, preferably a C1-C5 alkyl group, optionally substituted with at least one group selected from (-OH) , (=O) , (-NH3) , a C1-C6 amide group, or mixtures thereof;
[0065] R10 can be selected from –OH, an alkoxy quaternary ammonium group, or combinations thereof, preferably R10 can be selected from –OH, –OR1, or combinations thereof; and
[0066] n can be 0 to 5, preferably n can be 0 to 4; m can be 0 to 5, preferably m can be 0 to 4; with the proviso that n+m is not greater than about 5, preferably n+m is not greater than about 4, and preferably n+m can be equal to about 0 to 5, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, preferably n+m can be equal to about 0 to 4, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. The value p in formula (V) , which represents the number of repeating residues in formula (V) , is based on the overall molecular weight (Mw) of the galactomannans, as further described below. Further, in certain embodiments, the number of repeating residues in formula (V) , represented by p, can be up to about 1,000, up to about 500, up to about 250, further up to about 200, and p can be at least about 10, at least about 25, and at least about 50. In alternative embodiments, p can be lower than about 10, including at least about 5 when n+m is not greater than about 5, preferably when n+m is not greater than about 4, and in certain preferred alternative embodiments, p can be at least about 5 when n+m is equal to about 0 to 5, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, preferably about 0 to 4, including about 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. In certain embodiments, the number of repeating residues in formula (V) , represented by p, can range from about 10 to about 1,000, including from about 10 to about 500, also including about 10 to about 250, as well as 10 to about 200. The number of repeating residues in formula (V) , represented by p, can also be about 10 to about 175, including about 10 to about 150, especially when n+m is about 0. The number of repeating residues in formula (V) , represented by p, can be about 10 to about 150, including 10 to about 125, and preferably can be about 10 to about 100, when n+m is about 1. Additionally, the number of repeating resides in formula (V) , represented by p, can be about 10 to about 100, including about 10 to about 75, when n+m is about 2, 3, or 4, and in particular embodiments, the repeating residues in formula (V) , represented by p, can be about 10 to 75, including about 10 to about 50, when n+m is about 4 or 5, preferably when n+m is about 4.
[0067] In certain other embodiments, p can be about 25 to about 250, especially when n+m is about 0; p can be about 25 to about 200, including about 25 to about 150, when n+m is about 1 to 4, and in particular about 1 to 3; and p can be about 10 to about 75, including about 10 to about 50, when n+m is about 5, and in particular about 4.
[0068] In embodiments in which the galactomannans are reacted with at least one cationizing agent to form the cationic galactomannans useful for the present invention, the cationic galactomannans have a degree of substitution with respect to the cationic groups that are attached to the galactomannan (DScationic) . In particular, the DScationic means the average number of the cationic groups or moieties attached per monomeric unit (i.e., each sugar unit) of the galactomannan. In this respect, the galactomannans can be unmodified galactomannans (i.e., native or gum form) or modified to have some cationic degree of substitution. That is, in certain embodiments, the galactomannans that can be used in the compositions of the present invention can have zero or no cationic degree of substitution (i.e., a DScationic of zero) .
[0069] On the other hand, and in other embodiments, the galactomannans that can be used in the compositions of the present invention can be modified to have at least some cationic degree of substitution. That is, the galactomannans that can be used in the compositions of the present invention can be unmodified, and therefore, can have a DScationic value of 0, as well as can be modified, and therefore, can have a DScationic value greater than 0. In this respect, for ranges of DScationic in which only an upper limit is specified, such as for example 0.20 or less, 0.19 or less, 0.18 or less, 0.17 or less, 0.16 or less, 0.15 or less, and similar ranges, the lower end of the range is zero (i.e., 0) , unless otherwise specified. In such embodiments in which the lower end of the DScationic range is not zero (i.e., is greater than 0) , then the lower end of the range can be 0.000001, 0.00001, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, or 0.10. In other embodiments, the lower end of the DScationic range can be 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, or 0.09.
[0070] Depending on the type and average molecular weight (Mw) of galactomannan used in the compositions of the present invention, in certain embodiments the galactomannans can generally have a DScationic of up to about 0.20. That is, the galactomannans can generally have a DScationic of 0.20 or less (i.e., a DScationic ranging from 0 to 0.20) . In other embodiments, the galactomannans can generally have a DScationic of up to about 0.18. That is, the galactomannans can generally have a DScationic of 0.18 or less (i.e., a DScationic ranging from 0 to 0.18) . In yet further embodiments, the galactomannans can generally have a DScationic of up to about 0.15. That is, the galactomannans can generally have a DScationic of 0.15 or less (i.e., a DScationic ranging from 0 to 0.15) .
[0071] In other embodiments, the galactomannans that can be used in the compositions of the present invention can have a DScationic ranging from 0.05 to 0.20, preferably from 0.07 to 0.18, more preferably from 0.09 to 0.15. In other embodiments, the galactomannans that can be used in the compositions of the present invention can have a DScationic ranging from about 0.08 to 0.15, preferably about 0.08 to 0.12.
[0072] In general, the cationic degree of substitution of the cationic galactomannans of the present invention may be determined before or after an extraction step. In certain embodiments, the extraction step is done by an acidic methanol extraction step. The ratio of methanol to acid, preferably concentrated HCl having about 37%acid v / v, can be about 25: 1 to 100: 1, preferably about 50: 1. Further, in certain embodiments, the acidic methanol extraction step can be considered as a washing step that may remove other quaternary ammonium compounds that may be present at the end of the cationizing reaction, including but not limited to residual cationizing agent (s) , by-products of any unreacted cationizing agent (s) , or mixtures thereof.
[0073] As used herein, the terms “cationic degree of substitution” and “DScationic” are interchangeable and are synonymous, and refer to the cationic degree of substitution measured after an acidic methanol extraction step. Additionally, the DScationic means the average number of moles of cationic groups or moieties per mole of sugar unit, which can be measured by 1H-NMR (solvent: D2O) . Once the 1H NMR spectrum is obtained, the integration of the multiplet of peaks corresponding to the anomeric proton on all the galactomannan units, usually between about 3.5-5.5 ppm, is normalized to unity. The peak of interest, the one corresponding to the methyl protons of the quaternary ammonium group on the galactomannan units, is centered at about 3.0-3.5 ppm. This peak is integrated for 9 protons given that there are 3 methyl groups on the ammonium function. Therefore, as an example, the calculation of the (DScationic) for the case of the cationizing agent 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is as follows:
[0074] Any presence of residual cationizing agent (s) , by-products of any unreacted cationizing agent (s) , or mixtures thereof may be evidenced by smaller peaks in the 1H-NMR spectra at lower field than the peak of interest, which is centered at about 3.0-3.5 ppm.
[0075] The extraction step can be done in a variety of ways. As noted above, in certain embodiments, the extraction step may be carried out in acidified methanol (50: 1, MeOH / HClconcentrated 37%, v / v) . Additionally, the cationic galactomannan can be to the acidic methanol in a concentration equivalent to approximately 1%, under stirring. After adding the acid methanol to the cationic galactomannan, the combination is then brought to reflux temperatures and can be held at the reflux temperature for about 45 minutes. At the end of this extraction step, the acidic methanol can be decanted and the process can be repeated. In certain embodiments, the extraction step comprises one to three, preferably three, serial steps of adding the acidic methanol to the cationic galactomannan and bringing the combination to reflux for the prescribed period of time, in which after each intermediary step the acidic methanol is removed and replaced with fresh acidic methanol. After the extraction step is fully complete, the cationic galactomannan can be filtered and washed with pure methanol, ethanol, or another suitable solvent. The so purified non-cellulosic polysaccharide derivative is then dried and ground before 1H-NMR analysis.
[0076] In other embodiments, cationization of the galactomannan can also be expressed in terms of charge density. As used herein, the term “charge density” refers to the ratio of positive charges on the monomeric unit of which the galactomannan is comprised of to the molecular weight of the monomeric unit. The charge density multiplied by the polymer molecular weight determines the number of positively charged sites on a given polymer chain. The cationic degree of substitution may be converted to charge density through several methods. In a particular embodiment, the method for calculating charge density of cationic galactomannans uses a method that specifically quantifies the equivalents of the cationic groups or moieties, preferably the quaternary ammonium groups, on the galactomannan. In a non-limiting example, for cationic galactomannans obtained by reacting a galactomannan with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, or (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, the cationic charge density may be calculated from the cationic degree of substitution using the following equation: For 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, the cationic charge density in milliequivalents per gram (meq / g) = and
[0077] For (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, the cationic charge density in milliequivalents per gram (meq / g) =
[0078] In general, the equation above depends on the group that is grafted to the galactomannan.
[0079] In certain embodiments, the galactomannan has a charge density after the acidic methanol extraction step of from about 1.0 to about 2 meq / g, preferably from about 1.1 to about 1.8 meq / g, more preferably from 1.2 to 1.5 meq / g. In other embodiments, the galactomannan can have a charge density after the acidic methanol extraction step of from about 0.5 to about 1.5 meq / g, preferably from about 0.7 to about 1.2 meq / g.
[0080] In addition to the type of galactomannan used in the compositions and its respective DScationic value, including whether the galactomannan is an unmodified galactomannan (i.e., native or gum form, and therefore has a DScationic of zero) , or has been modified to have some cationic degree of substitution, the galactomannans generally have an average molecular weight ( “Mw” ) of less than 100,000 g / mol, preferably 75,000 g / mol or less, more preferably 50,000 g / mol or less. In particular, it has been unexpectedly found that including at least one galactomannan that comprises a Mw of less than 100,000 g / mol, preferably 75,000 g / mol or less, more preferably 50,000 g / mol or less (including 45,000 g / mol or less, and 40,000 g / mol or less) , as well as preferably 35,000 g / mol or less, including preferably 30,000 g / mol or less, along with the aforementioned DScationic and a protein content less than a certain amount, surprisingly provides superior and enhanced stability to the composition.
[0081] In this respect, the galactomannans can also have a Mw of less than 50,000 g / mol (including less than 45,000 g / mol, and less than 40,000 g / mol) , preferably less than 35,000 g / mol, more preferably less than 30,000 g / mol. Further, while the galactomannans can have a relatively low Mw, in certain embodiments the galactomannans can have a Mw of at least 1,000 g / mol, including at least 2,000 g / mol or at least 2,500 g / mol, preferably at least 5,000 g / mol, and more preferably at least 10,000 g / mol.
[0082] In certain embodiments, galactomannans that have a Mw ranging from 5,000 to less than 100,000 g / mol, and preferably from 5,000 to 75,000 g / mol, can be used in the compositions of the present invention. In other embodiments, galactomannans that have a Mw ranging from 10,000 to less than 100,000 g / mol, preferably from 10,000 to 75,000 g / mol, can be used in the compositions of the present invention.
[0083] In other embodiments, galactomannans that have a Mw ranging from 5,000 to 50,000 g / mol, preferably from 5,000 to 35,000 g / mol, and more preferably from 5,000 g / mol to 30,000 g / mol, can be used in the compositions of the present invention. In other embodiments, galactomannans that have a Mw ranging from 10,000 to 50,000 g / mol, preferably from 10,000 to 35,000 g / mol, more preferably from 10,000 to 30,000 g / mol, can be used in the compositions of the present invention.
[0084] As used herein, the terms “average molecular weight, ” “molecular weight, ” and “ (Mw) , ” are interchangeable and are synonymous and all mean the same thing as weight average molecular weight. The average molecular weight is measured by SEC-MALS (Size Exclusion Chromatography with detection by Multi-Angle Light-Scattering detection) with a Shodex Pack SB-806 M HQ column. A value of 0.140 for dn / dc is used for the molecular weight measurements. An Agilent Refractive Index Detector and WYATT miniDawn is calibrated using a 22.5 KDa polyethylene glycol standard. All calculations of the molecular weight distributions are performed using Wyatt’s ASTRA software. The samples are prepared as 0.05%solutions in the mobile phase (100 mM Na2NO3, 200 ppm NaN3, 20 ppm pDADMAC, 100 ppm sodium azide) and filtered through 0.45 μm PVDF filters before analysis. The average molecular weights are expressed by weight.
[0085] Further, in certain embodiments it has been unexpectedly found that compositions having at least one galactomannan that comprises a protein content of less than 6 wt. %, preferably about 5 wt. %or less, can provide superior and enhanced stability to the composition. In particular, it has been unexpectedly found that compositions having at least one galactomannan that comprises a protein content of about 4 wt. %or less, including less than 4 wt. %, as well as about 3 wt. %or less, preferably about 2 wt. %or less, even more preferably about 1 wt. %or less, can also surprisingly provide superior and enhanced stability to the composition. In this respect, in other embodiments, the galactomannans can also have a protein content of about 2 wt. %or less, preferably less than 2 wt. %. Further, in other embodiments, the galactomannan can comprise even lower amounts of protein, including a protein content of about 1 wt. %or less, preferably about 0.8 wt. %or less, and in certain embodiments 0.5 wt. %or less.
[0086] In additional embodiments, galactomannans that have a protein content ranging from 0 wt. %to less than 6 wt. %, including from about 0.5 wt. %to about 4 wt. %, preferably from about 1 wt. %to about 4 wt. %, and more preferably from about 1 wt. %to about 2 wt. %, can be used in the compositions of the present invention. In other embodiments, galactomannans that have a protein content ranging from 0 wt. %to about 5 wt. %, including from about 0.5 wt. %to about 3 wt. %, preferably from about 0.7 wt. %to about 3 wt. %, more preferably from about 0.7 wt. %to about 1.5 wt. %, can be used in the compositions of the present invention.
[0087] The galactomannans can be made by various processes. For unmodified or native galactomannans, the galactomannans can be sourced from their respective seeds. For instance, the galactomannans can be extracted from the endosperm of the seeds.
[0088] With respect to the modified cationic galactomannans, the cationic galactomannans can be made in a number of ways. To begin, like the native or unmodified versions, the galactomannans in their unmodified native (or gum forms) , which are used to make the chemically modified and functionalized cationic galactomannans can be sourced from their respective seeds (e.g., the galactomannans can be extracted from the endosperm of the seeds) . Thereafter, the galactomannans can be cationically functionalized by reacting the galactomannans with at least one cationizing agents.
[0089] In general, the cationic galactomannans of the present invention can be made by reacting a non-cationic galactomannan with at least one cationizing agent. Non-cationic galactomannans include galactomannans in their respective native form, as well as galactomannans that may have undergone a chemical pre-treatment step. In certain embodiments, the cationic galactomannan of the present invention can be made by reacting a chemically unmodified galactomannan with at least one cationizing agent. In such embodiments, the galactomannans can be in their respective native forms (i.e., gum forms) . As a non-limiting example, galactomannans having repeating residues of formula (I) , as shown above, can be used to make cationic galactomannans having repeating residues of formula (III) , formula (V) , or combinations thereof, as shown above. In other embodiments, the cationic galactomannans can be made by reacting a non-cationic galactomannan with at least one cationizing agent, in which the non-cationic galactomannan is optionally chemically modified prior to being cationized.
[0090] Furthermore, and in general, the cationization process can be carried out in a reaction medium having an aqueous solution, at least one cationizing agent, the galactomannan, and at least one base. Preferred bases include, but are not limited to alkali metal hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and combinations thereof. The base can be present in excess, which can catalyze the reaction. In certain embodiments, the base can be present from about 0.01 to about 25 wt. %, more preferably from about 0.05 to about 20 wt. %, based on the galactomannan wt. %in the reaction.
[0091] The aqueous solution can have at least one solvent, including at least one organic water-miscible solvent. The organic water-miscible solvent can be selected from alkanols, glycols, cyclic and acylic alkyl ethers, alkanones, dialkylformamide, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting organic water-miscible solvents include methanol, ethanol, propanol, including isopropanol, butanol, pentanol, including secondary pentanol, ethylene glycol, acetone, methylethylketone, diethylketone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethylformamide, and mixtures thereof. In certain embodiments, the amount of the organic water-miscible solvent can be present from about 1 to about 70 wt. %, including about 1 to about 50 wt. %, preferably from about 1 to about 20 wt. %. In other embodiments, the weight ratio of the organic water-miscible solvent to the galactomannan is about 10 to 1, preferably about 5 to 1.
[0092] The cationization process can be conducted at a temperature ranging from about 10 ℃ to about 100 ℃, preferably ranging from about 20 ℃ to about 80 ℃. The reaction time can range from about 1 to about 8 hours, and preferably from about 1 to about 6 hours. The cationizing process can be conducted in a variety of equipment and vessels, including open or closed vessels or reactors equipped with stirrers in batch or continuous operation.
[0093] Further, after functionalizing the galactomannans by reacting the unmodified native galactomannan (i.e., the galactomannan gum) with at least one cationizing agent, the cationic galactomannans can undergo at least one chemical post-treatment step. In certain embodiments, after the cationization process, the cationic galactomannans can be chemically post-treated to remove and / or neutralize any unreacted reactants, including any unreacted or partially reacted cationizing agents, and to remove any water-miscible solvents. Non-limiting examples of chemical post-treatments including at least one washing step (with water) , crosslinking with borates, at least one alkaline treatment step, at least one acid addition step, at least one peroxide step, and combinations thereof. For example, after functionalizing the galactomannans by reacting the unmodified native galactomannan with at least one cationizing agent, the cationic galactomannans can be chemically post-treated with borates, washed with water, or both. In another embodiment, the cationic galactomannans can be chemically post-treated with an alkali treatment step, washed with water, or both. In embodiments using an alkali treatment step, alkali metal hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and combinations thereof can be used. Further, in embodiments using an alkali treatment step, the pH can be adjusted as needed to a neutral or acid pH using at least one acid, including at least one inorganic acid, at least one organic acid, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting acids include, but are not limited to hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, carbon dioxide, fumaric acid, and mixtures thereof.
[0094] After the cationic galactomannan is obtained from the cationization process, including any chemical post-treatment steps, the cationic galactomannan can be dried and further processed mechanically, such as milling the cationic galactomannan.
[0095] As for the amount of the galactomannans present in the current compositions, the galactomannans can be present in any amount. In particular, the amount of the galactomannan in the compositions is based on the desired performance and the field of application. In this respect, in certain embodiments, the galactomannan can range from about 0.05 to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. In another embodiment, the galactomannan can range from about 0.05 to about 8 wt. %, including about 0.05 to about 5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. In still another embodiment, the galactomannan can range from about 0.2 to about 5 wt. %, including about 0.5 to about 5 wt. %and about 1 to about 5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. Compositions for fabric conditioning and laundry care (e.g., fabric softening) can include the galactomannan in the amount above when the compositions are in ready-to-use gel or liquid formats, such as suspensions, dispersions, and solutions.
[0096] In other embodiments, the galactomannan can be present in higher amounts. In this respect, the galactomannan can range from about 0.05 to about 25 wt. %, including from about 0.1 to about 25 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. In another embodiment, the galactomannan can range from about 0.1 to about 15 wt. %, including from about 1 to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. In still another embodiment, the galactomannan can range from about 5 to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. Compositions for fabric conditioning and laundry care (e.g., fabric softening) can include the galactomannan in the amount above when the compositions are in concentrated formats or are solid.
[0097] As stated above, it has been unexpectedly found that compositions having at least one galactomannan according to the present invention surprisingly provides superior and enhanced stability to the compositions. In particular, compositions having at least one galactomannan according to the present invention along with at least one quaternary ammonium compound surprisingly have superior and enhanced stability, especially over extended periods of time, at elevated temperatures, or both. Further, it has been unexpectedly found that the compositions of the present invention can also provide surprisingly better conditioning properties, such as surprisingly better softness for fabrics.
[0098] Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
[0099] A variety of quaternary ammonium compounds, also known as “quats, ” can be used in the compositions. In this respect, the quaternary ammonium compounds can comprise at least one quaternized nitrogen atom in which the nitrogen atom is attached to four organic groups. Additionally, the quaternary ammonium compound can comprise one or more quaternized nitrogen atoms. Further, and in certain preferred embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compounds are ester quaternary ammonium compounds, also known as “ester quats, ” which have at least one ester moiety, preferably two or more ester moieties.
[0100] In certain embodiments the quaternary ammonium compound can have formula (VII) : [N+ (R11) (R12) (R13) (R14) ] yX- (VII)
[0101] wherein:
[0102] R11, R12, R13 and R14, which may be the same or different, are each a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group, optionally comprising at least one heteroatom; preferably R11, R12, R13 and R14, which may be the same or different, are each a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group comprising at least one ester group, at least amide group, or combinations thereof;
[0103] X is an anion, preferably X is selected from chloride group, a sulfate group, or mixtures thereof; and
[0104] y is the valence of X.
[0105] In one embodiment, the quaternary ammonium compound can be an alkyl quat having one to four alkyl groups attached to the quaternized nitrogen atom. The quaternary ammonium compounds can also be an alkyl ester quat having one to four alkyl ester groups. In particular embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound can be an alkyl quat, such as for example a dialkyl quat, or an ester quat, such as for example a dialkyl diester quat.
[0106] In embodiments in which the quaternary ammonium compound is an alkyl quat, the quaternary ammonium compound can have formula (VIII) : [N+ (R15) 2 (R16) (R17) ] yX- (VIII)
[0107] wherein:
[0108] R15, which may be the same or different, are each an aliphatic C16-22 group;
[0109] R16 is a C1-C15 alkyl group, preferably a C1-C10 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-C3 alkyl group;
[0110] R17 is R15 or R16;
[0111] X is an anion, preferably X is selected from chloride group, a sulfate group, or mixtures thereof; and
[0112] y is the valence of X.
[0113] In an embodiment, the alkyl quat can be a di- (hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride.
[0114] In other embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound can have formula (VIV) : [N+ ( (CH2) n-T-R18) 2 (R18) (R19) ] yX- (VIV)
[0115] wherein:
[0116] R19 group is independently selected from a C1-C4 alkyl or a C1-C4 hydroxylalkyl group;
[0117] R18 group is independently selected from a C1-C30 alkyl or a C1-C30 alkenyl group;
[0118] T is –C (=O) -O-;
[0119] n is an integer from 0 to 5;
[0120] X is an anion, preferably X is selected from chloride group, a sulfate group, or mixtures thereof; and
[0121] y is the valence of X.
[0122] In certain embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound can have formula (VIV) and can comprise at least two C12-28 alkyl or alkenyl groups connected to the quaternized nitrogen atom, and preferably at least two C12-28 alkyl or alkenyl groups can be connected to the quaternized nitrogen atom via at least one ester link, such as T in formula (VIV) . In other embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound has two ester links present, which can be T in formula (VIV) . Preferably, the average chain length of the alkyl or alkenyl group connected to the quaternized nitrogen atom is at least C14, more preferably at least C16. Even more preferably in certain embodiments, at least half of the alkyl or alkenyl group chains have a length of C18. In one embodiment, the alkyl or alkenyl chains are predominantly linear, although a degree of branching, especially mid-chain branching, is within the scope of the invention.
[0123] In yet other embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound can have formula (X) : N+ (CH (CH2-COOH) R20) 2 (CH3) (C2H4-OH) , (CH3) zR21SO4- (X)
[0124] wherein:
[0125] R20, which may be the same or different, are each a C12-C20 alkyl group, a C12-C20 alkenyl group, or mixtures thereof;
[0126] R21 is a C1 –C10 alkyl group, preferably a C1 –C5 alkyl group, more preferably a C1 –C3 alkyl group; and
[0127] z is an integer from 0 to 3.
[0128] In general, the quaternary ammonium compound used in the compositions of the present invention can be a single type of quaternary ammonium compound or can also be a mixture of various quaternary ammonium compounds. For example, the quaternary ammonium compounds can be a mixture of mono-, di-, and tri-alkyl quaternary ammonium compounds, a mixture of mono-, di-, and tri-ester quaternary ammonium compounds, or mixtures of such alkyl and ester quaternary ammonium compounds. In certain embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound can comprise from 10 to 100 wt. %, preferably from 30 to 100 wt. %of at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium compound, at least one alky ester quaternary ammonium compound, or combinations of at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium compound and at least one alkyl ester quaternary ammonium compound.
[0129] In some embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound can be a mixture of mono-, di-, and triester compounds in which the quaternary ammonium compound comprises: (i) from 0 to 100 wt. %, preferably from 10 to 90 wt. %, more preferably from 30 to 70 wt. %, and even more preferably from 40 to 60 wt. %of at least one diester quaternary ammonium compound, based on the total weight of the quaternary ammonium compound; (ii) from 0 to 100 wt. %, preferably from 10 to 60 wt. %, more preferably from 20 to 50 wt. %of at least one monoester quaternary ammonium compound, based on the total weight of the quaternary ammonium compound; and (iii) from 0 to 20 wt. %, preferably from 1 to 20 wt. %of at least one triester quaternary ammonium compound, based on the total weight of the quaternary ammonium compound, in which the weight percentages total 100 wt. %.
[0130] In other embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound can be a mixture of mono-and diester compounds in which the quaternary ammonium compound comprises: (i) from 0 to 100 wt. %, preferably from 10 to 100 wt. %, more preferably from 30 to 100 wt. %, even more preferably from 40 to 100 wt. %, and even more preferably from 50 to 100 wt. %of at least one diester quaternary ammonium compound, based on the total weight of the quaternary ammonium compound; and (ii) from 0 to 50 wt. %, preferably from 0 to 30 wt. %, more preferably from 0 to 20 wt. %of at least one monoester quaternary ammonium compound, based on the total weight of the quaternary ammonium compound, in which the weight percentages total 100 wt. %.
[0131] In further embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound can be a mixture of mono-, di-, and trialkyl compounds in which the quaternary ammonium compound comprises: (i) from 0 to 100 wt. %, preferably from 10 to 90 wt. %, more preferably from 30 to 70 wt. %, and even more preferably from 40 to 60 wt. %of at least one dialkyl quaternary ammonium compound having at least two C12-30 alkyl groups, C12-30 alkenyl groups, or combinations thereof, preferably at least two C16-22 alkyl groups, C16-22 alkenyl groups, or combinations thereof, based on the total weight of the quaternary ammonium compound; (ii) from 0 to 100 wt. %, preferably from 10 to 60 wt. %, more preferably from 20 to 50 wt. %of at least one monoalkyl quaternary ammonium compound having at least one C12-30 alkyl group or C12-30 alkenyl group, preferably at least one C16-22 alkyl group or C16-22 alkenyl group, based on the total weight of the quaternary ammonium compound; and (iii) from 0 to 20 wt. %, preferably from 1 to 20 wt. %of at least one trialkyl quaternary ammonium compound having at least three C12-30 alkyl groups, C12-30 alkenyl groups, or combinations thereof, preferably at least three C16-22 alkyl groups, C16-22 alkenyl groups, or combinations thereof, based on the total weight of the quaternary ammonium compound, in which the weight percentages total 100 wt. %.
[0132] The quaternary ammonium compound can also be a mixture of mono-and dialkyl compounds in which the quaternary ammonium compound comprises: (i) from 0 to 100 wt. %, preferably from 10 to 100 wt. %, more preferably from 30 to 100 wt. %, even more preferably from 40 to 100 wt. %, and even more preferably from 50 to 100 wt. %of at least one dialkyl quaternary ammonium compound having at least two C12-30 alkyl groups, C12-30 alkenyl groups, or combinations thereof, preferably at least two C16-22 alkyl groups, C16-22 alkenyl groups, or combinations thereof, based on the total weight of the quaternary ammonium compound; and (ii) from 0 to 50 wt. %, preferably from 0 to 30 wt. %, more preferably from 0 to 20 wt. %of at least one monoalkyl quaternary ammonium compound having at least one C12-30 alkyl group or C12-30 alkenyl group, preferably at least one C16-22 alkyl group or C16-22 alkenyl group, based on the total weight of the quaternary ammonium compound, in which the weight percentages total 100 wt. %.
[0133] The quaternary ammonium compounds can include, but are not limited to: Di (palmitic carboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methyl sulfate (TEP) , Diethyl ester dimethyl ammonium chloride (DEEDMAC) , Dihydrogenated Tallow Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (DHTDMAC) , Dihydrogenated Tallow Dimethyl Ammonium Methyl Sulfate (DHTDMAMS) , Di (oleocarboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate (TEO) , Distearyl hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate (TES) , Di (hydrogenated tallow-carboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate (TEHT) , Dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride (DODMAC) , Di (tallowcarboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate (TET) , Dihydrogenated tallowdimethylammonium chloride (DHT) , distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DSDMAC) , and mixtures thereof. In particular embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compounds can include, but are not limited to: Di (palmitic carboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methyl sulfate (TEP) , Diethyl ester dimethyl ammonium chloride (DEEDMAC) , Dihydrogenated Tallow Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (DHTDMAC) , Dihydrogenated Tallow Dimethyl Ammonium Methyl Sulfate (DHTDMAMS) , Di (oleocarboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate (TEO) , Distearyl hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate (TES) , Di (hydrogenated tallow-carboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate, Dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride (DODMAC) , and mixtures thereof.
[0134] The quaternary ammonium compound can be present in any amount in the current compositions. Similar to the amount of the galactomannan in the compositions, the amount of the quaternary ammonium compound is dependent on the desired performance and the field of application. In this respect, in certain embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound can range from about 0.5 to about 20 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. In another embodiment, the quaternary ammonium compound can range from about 1 to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. In still another embodiment, the quaternary ammonium compound can range from about 3 to about 8 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. Compositions for fabric conditioning and laundry care (e.g., fabric softening) can include the quaternary ammonium compound in the amount above when the compositions are in ready-to-use gel or liquid formats, such as suspensions, dispersions, and solutions.
[0135] In other embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound can be present in higher amounts. In this respect, the quaternary ammonium compound can range from about 1 to about 25 wt. %, including about 2 to about 25 wt. %, as well as about 3 to about 25 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. In another embodiment, the quaternary ammonium compound can range from about 3 to about 20 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. In still another embodiment, the quaternary ammonium compound can range from about 4 to about 15 wt. %, including about 5 to about 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. Compositions for fabric conditioning and laundry care (e.g., fabric softening) can include the quaternary ammonium compound in the amount above when the compositions are in concentrated formats or are solid.
[0136] In certain embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound is preferably not a silicone containing quaternary ammonium compound. In other words, the quaternary ammonium compound does not contain any siloxane bonds (-Si-O-Si-) nor any silicon-carbon bonds. Further, in certain embodiments, the quaternary ammonium compound is water dispersible, water soluble, or both water dispersible and water soluble.
[0137] The compositions of the present invention can be used in a variety of compositions and applications. For instance, the compositions can be used in various home care compositions, including in cleaning and disinfectant compositions. In certain embodiments, the compositions can be used in laundry care or fabric detergents, softeners, and conditioners, as well as in hard surface cleaning compositions, such as sprays, wipes, aerosols, gels, bars, and similar compositions. In preferred embodiments, the compositions of the present invention are used in laundry care compositions, preferably as a fabric conditioning composition. Further, in certain embodiments, the fabric conditioning composition is a fabric softener.
[0138] The compositions of the present invention can be made in a number of ways. For instance, the at least one galactomannan can be combined with the at least one quaternary ammonium compound in a one-step process or the at least one galactomannan can be combined with at least one quaternary ammonium compound in a multi-step process. In this respect, the galactomannans of the present invention can be combined with the quaternary ammonium compound at room temperature or at an elevated temperature, and the quaternary ammonium compound can be in solid or liquid form (e.g., melted if normally solid at room temperature) . In certain embodiments, at least one galactomannan of the present invention is combined with at least one quaternary ammonium compound of the present invention by mixing the galactomannan (s) and the quaternary ammonium compound (s) together. Additionally, the mixture of the at least one galactomannan and the at least one quaternary ammonium compound can be homogeneous.
[0139] The compositions of the present invention can be in liquid or gel formats, as well as in concentrates and solid formats. In embodiments in which the compositions are in liquid, gel, or solid formats, the compositions can be ready-to-use (i.e., the compositions do not require any additional necessary compounds or processing to be used) . In embodiments in which the compositions are in concentrate formats, which can include liquid concentrates, gel concentrates, and solid concentrates, the concentrates can also be used as-is or the concentrates be further processed or diluted, or can include additional compounds before use.
[0140] Depending on the composition and field of application, in addition to the galactomannan and quaternary ammonium compound, the composition may contain various other conventional components and additives known in the respective art. For example, the compositions can further have at least one surfactant, emulsifier, emollient, moisturizer, hair conditioning agent, hair fixative, film-former, skin protectant, binder, chelating agent, disinfectant, insecticide, fungicide, deodorant, pest repellant, odoriferous material, antimicrobial agent, antifungal agent, antibiotic, antidandruff agent, abrasive, adhesive, absorbent, colorant, antiperspirant agent, humectant, oil (such as a mineral oil, a vegetable oil, an animal oil, a synthetic oil, a silicone oil and mixtures thereof) , opacifying and pearlescent agent, antioxidant, preservative, propellant, spreading agent, exfoliant, keratolytic agent, blood coagulant, vitamin, sunscreen agent, artificial tanning accelerator, ultraviolet light absorber, pH adjusting agent, botanical, hair colorant, dye, inorganic particles, buffers, oxidizing agents, reducing agent, rheology modifier, skin bleaching agent, pigment, anti-inflammatory agent, thickening agent, topical anesthetic, fragrance, fragrance solubilizer, particulate, microabrasive, and combinations thereof.
[0141] EXAMPLES
[0142] The following examples are illustrative of preferred embodiments of compositions comprising at least one galactomannan and at least one quaternary ammonium compound, as well as methods for making the same. The examples are not intended to be limitations thereon. All composition percentages are based on totals equal to 100%by weight, unless otherwise specified.
[0143] Test Methods
[0144] Molecular Weight
[0145] The average molecular weight of the galactomannans was measured by SEC-MALS (Size Exclusion Chromatography with Multi-Angle Light-Scattering detection) with a Shodex Pack SB-806 M HQ column, as described above. The measurements were conducted at ambient temperature with a run time of 50 minutes, and the flow rate was 1.0 mL / min.
[0146] Cationic Degree of Substitution
[0147] The cationic degree of substitution of the cationic galactomannans was measured by 1H-NMR (solvent: D2O) , as described above.
[0148] Protein Content
[0149] The protein content of the galactomannans was determined by measuring and calculating the amount of protein in the galactomannans using a 828 macro combustion instrument.
[0150] Stability
[0151] For stability measurements at room temperature ( “RT” ) , the compositions comprising the galactomannan and quaternary ammonium compound were stored at a constant humidity at 23℃. For stability measurements at an elevated temperature ( “Oven” ) , the compositions comprising the galactomannan and quaternary ammonium compound were stored at a constant humidity at 40℃.
[0152] The following galactomannans were produced as set forth below in Examples 1A –9A, which are summarized in Table 1A. Thereafter, the galactomannans were formulated into compositions (i.e., Example 1B –9B) having the respective galactomannan and quaternary ammonium compound, which are summarized in Table 1B.
[0153] Example 1A
[0154] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 415.7 g of isopropanol (99%) and 113.9 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 200.1 g of an unfunctionalized purified guar powder was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 120.2 g of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 10 minutes, after which 37.7 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature until the peroxide was lower than 1 ppm, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0155] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 140.0 g of isopropanol (99%) and 60.5 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 12.2 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered again for 30 minutes with 380 g of isopropanol (99%) and 120 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0156] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) is 0 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 22,000 g / mol.
[0157] Example 2A
[0158] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 90.5 g of isopropanol (99%) and 34.2 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 40.8 g of Example 1A was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 10.3 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 3.8 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0159] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 50.3 g of isopropanol (99%) and 10.3 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 2.0 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 114 g of isopropanol (99%) and 46 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0160] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.06 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 25,000 g / mol.
[0161] Example 3A
[0162] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 560.8 g of isopropanol (99%) and 106.2 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 250.9 g of Example 1A was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 94.3 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 36.7 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was added slowly. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0163] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 321.8 g of isopropanol (99%) and 65.2 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 20.1 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 710 g of isopropanol (99%) and 288 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was then dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0164] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.10 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 27,000 g / mol.
[0165] Example 4A
[0166] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 560.8 g of isopropanol (99%) and 106.2 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 250.9 g of Example 1A was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 94.3 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 36.7 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0167] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 321.8 g of isopropanol (99%) and 65.2 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 20.1 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 710 g of isopropanol (99%) and 288 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was then dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0168] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.15 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 25,000 g / mol.
[0169] Example 5A
[0170] The same galactomannan produced by the same process in Example 1A is used in this example.
[0171] Example 6A
[0172] The same galactomannan produced by the same process in Example 2A is used in this example.
[0173] Example 7A
[0174] The same galactomannan produced by the same process in Example 3A is used in this example.
[0175] Example 8A
[0176] The same galactomannan produced by the same process in Example 4A is used in this example.
[0177] Example 9A
[0178] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 166.4 g of isopropanol (99%) and 34.9 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 75.5 g of Excel powder, available from Syensqo SA, was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 35.1 g of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 10 minutes, after which 17.6 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was added slowly. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature until the peroxide was lower than 1 ppm, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0179] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 140.0 g of isopropanol (99%) and 60.5 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 3.1 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered again for 30 minutes with 380 g of isopropanol (99%) and 120 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0180] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) is about 0.10 to about 0.18 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 17,000 g / mol.
[0181] The following galactomannans were produced as set forth below in Comparative Examples 10A –18A, which are summarized in Table 2A. Thereafter, the galactomannans were formulated into comparative compositions (i.e., Examples 10B –18B) having the respective galactomannan and quaternary ammonium compound, which are summarized in Table 2B.
[0182] Comparative Example 10A
[0183] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 442.3 g of isopropanol (99%) and 164.3 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 200.1 g of unfunctionalized purified guar powder and 1.1 g of Borax was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 2.5 g of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 10 minutes, after which 7.2 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature until the peroxide was lower than 1 ppm, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0184] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 140.0 g of isopropanol (99%) and 60.0 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 3.2 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. This resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered again for 30 minutes with 380 g of isopropanol (99%) and 120 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0185] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) is 0 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 492,000 g / mol.
[0186] Comparative Example 11A
[0187] An unfunctionalized purified guar powder was used in this comparative example without any chemical modifications. The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) is 0 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was about 1,500,000 to 2,000,000 g / mol.
[0188] Comparative Example 12A
[0189] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 78.5 g of isopropanol (99%) and 31.3 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 35.7 g of an unfunctionalized purified guar was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 13.2 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 5.2 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0190] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 44.2 g of isopropanol (99%) and 10.1 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 2.1 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 100 g of isopropanol (99%) and 40 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0191] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.10 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 100,000 g / mol.
[0192] Comparative Example 13A
[0193] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 98.5 g of isopropanol (99%) and 38.0 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 43.9 g of an unfunctionalized native cassia and 0.2 g of Borax were then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 17.5 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 6.8 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0194] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 58.0 g of isopropanol (99%) and 12.0 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 1.8 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 125 g of isopropanol (99%) and 50 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was then dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0195] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.13 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 25,000 g / mol.
[0196] Comparative Example 14A
[0197] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 97.8 g of isopropanol (99%) and 37.4 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 43.6 g of an unfunctionalized purified guar and 0.2 g of Borax were then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 21.4 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 8.2 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0198] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 55.4 g of isopropanol (99%) and 12.0 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 1.0 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 125 g of isopropanol (99%) and 50 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0199] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.15 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 100,000 g / mol.
[0200] Comparative Example 15A
[0201] 20.2 g of an unfunctionalized purified guar was placed in a mortar. 1.7 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) and 14.0 g of deionized water were then mixed with the guar by pestle to obtain a swollen guar powder. The swollen guar powder was then transferred to a 500 mL round bottom flask with an integrated counter-blade and then heated in a silicon oil bath at 70℃ for 1 hour. 6.4 g of (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride solution (75%wt. in water) , available from Sigma-Aldrich, which is also known as APTAC, is then added into the reaction mixture. The mixture was then heated at 70℃ for 6 hours, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0202] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 150 mL of isopropanol (99%) and 50 mL of deionized water. The mixture was then left under stirring for 15 minutes and then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The mixture was then washed and filtered four more times for 15 minutes with 150 mL of isopropanol (99%) and 50 mL of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0203] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.15 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 100,000 g / mol.
[0204] Comparative Example 16A
[0205] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 166.6 g of isopropanol (99%) and 40.6 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 75.5 g of Excel powder, available from Syensqo SA, was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 5.2 g of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 10 minutes, after which 4.8 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature until the peroxide was lower than 1 ppm, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0206] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 94.0 g of isopropanol (99%) and 20.0 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 2.1 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered again for 30 minutes with 140 g of isopropanol (99%) and 60 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was then dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0207] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) is about 0.10 to about 0.18 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 105,000 g / mol.
[0208] Comparative Example 17A
[0209] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 167.3 g of isopropanol (99%) and 40.4 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 75.5 g of Excel powder, available from Syensqo SA, was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 2.5 g of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 10 minutes, after which 4.1 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature until the peroxide was lower than 1 ppm, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0210] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 94.0 g of isopropanol (99%) and 20.0 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 2.1 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered again for 30 minutes with 140 g of isopropanol (99%) and 60 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0211] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) is about 0.10 to about 0.18 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 268,000 g / mol.
[0212] Comparative Example 18A
[0213] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 167.3 g of isopropanol (99%) and 40.4 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 75.5 g of Excel powder, available from Syensqo SA, was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 1.8 g of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 10 minutes, after which 4.1 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature until the peroxide was lower than 1 ppm, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0214] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 94.0 g of isopropanol (99%) and 20.0 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 2.1 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered again for 30 minutes with 140 g of isopropanol (99%) and 60 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0215] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) is about 0.10 to about 0.18 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 347,000 g / mol.
[0216] The summary of the galactomannans of Examples 1A –9A are shown below in Table 1A. The galactomannans of Examples 1A –9A are used in the compositions in Examples 1B –9B, as shown in Table 1B. For comparison, the summary of the galactomannans of Comparative Examples 10A –18A are shown below in Table 2A. The galactomannans of Comparative Examples 10A –18A are used in the compositions in Comparative Examples 10B –18B, as shown in Table 2B.
[0217] Examples 1B –9B
[0218] Each of the examples listed in Table 1B were generally prepared in the following manner using the compounds listed in Table 1B. To start, 250 g of distilled water was weighed and put into a beaker with stirring at about 45℃. Thereafter, the preservative (DMDMH) was added to the water under stirring and the temperature was raised to 60℃. Then the respective galactomannan listed in Table 1B was added to the water and preservative at 60℃ while stirring with acid being added to hydrolyze the galactomannan. The solution was heated for approximately 10 minutes and then the respective quaternary ammonium compound listed in Table 1B was added. For examples 1B –4B and 9B, the TEP-88 was melted before being added to the mixture. After the quaternary ammonium compound was added to the mixture, the composition was stirred for approximately 10 minutes. Thereafter, the composition was cooled to about 30℃, the pH was adjusted to 3.8, and the dye was added.
[0219] The summary of the compositions of Examples 1B –9B are shown below in Table 1B, along with the stability results at room temperature (RT, 23℃) as well as at elevated temperature (Oven, 40℃) .
[0220] Comparative Examples 10B –18B
[0221] Each of the comparative examples listed in Table 2B were generally prepared in the same manner as set forth above for the examples, with the comparative examples using the compounds listed in Table 2B.
[0222] As shown above in Table 2B, compositions that do not have galactomannans according to the present invention along with a quaternary ammonium compound demonstrate worse stability not only at room temperature, but also at elevated temperatures.
[0223] Further to the galactomannans described above, the following additional galactomannans were produced as set forth below in Examples 19A –22A, which are summarized in Table 3A. Thereafter, the galactomannans were formulated into compositions (i.e., Examples 19B –Examples 22B) , which contain the respective galactomannan and 5 wt. %and 8 wt. %of the quaternary ammonium compound, as summarized in Table 3B.
[0224] Example 19A
[0225] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 94.0 g of isopropanol (99%) and 35.5 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 42.0 g of Example 1A was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 15.8 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 6.1 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0226] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 52.5 g of isopropanol (99%) and 12.5 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 1.3 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 119 g of isopropanol (99%) and 51 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0227] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.10 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 25,000 g / mol.
[0228] Example 20A
[0229] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 93.4 g of isopropanol (99%) and 36.3 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 43.9 g of Example 1A was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 24.7 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 9.5 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0230] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 52.6 g of isopropanol (99%) and 11.7 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 1.9 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 120 g of isopropanol (99%) and 47 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0231] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.18 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 25,000 g / mol.
[0232] Example 21A
[0233] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 93.4 g of isopropanol (99%) and 35.9 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 42.1 g of an unfunctionalized native tara depolymerized to 25,000 g / mol was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 15.9 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 6.1 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0234] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 53.2 g of isopropanol (99%) and 10.5 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 1.0 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 119 g of isopropanol (99%) and 49 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0235] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.12 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 25,000 g / mol.
[0236] Example 22A
[0237] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 195.6 g of isopropanol (99%) and 74.6 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 87.9 g of an unfunctionalized native locust bean depolymerized to 25,000 g / mol was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 45.1 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 15.7 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0238] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 110.9 g of isopropanol (99%) and 23.6 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 3.1 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 249 g of isopropanol (99%) and 101 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0239] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) is 0.13 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 25,000 g / mol.
[0240] The following galactomannans were produced as set forth below in Comparative Examples 23A –27A, which are summarized in Table 4A. Thereafter, the galactomannans were formulated into comparative compositions (i.e., Examples 23B –27B) having the respective galactomannan and quaternary ammonium compound, which are summarized in Table 4B.
[0241] Comparative Example 23A
[0242] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 86.6 g of isopropanol (99%) and 38.6 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 37.7 g of Jaguar S depolymerized to 25,000 g / mol was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 34.2 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 7.5 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0243] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 125 g of isopropanol (99%) and 25 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 6.0 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 230 g of isopropanol (99%) and 91 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0244] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.26 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 25,000 g / mol.
[0245] Comparative Example 24A
[0246] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 97.1 g of isopropanol (99%) and 38.3 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 43.6 g of Jaguar S depolymerized to 100,000 g / mol and 0.21 g of Borax was then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 33.4 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 12.7 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃ and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0247] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 55 g of isopropanol (99%) and 13 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 2.2 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 190 g of isopropanol (99%) and 80 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0248] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.26 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 100,000 g / mol.
[0249] Comparative Example 25A
[0250] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 97.8 g of isopropanol (99%) and 37.4 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 43.6 g of Jaguar S depolymerized to 100,000 g / mol and 0.20 g of Borax were then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 21.4 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 8.3 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to 35℃.
[0251] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 55 g of isopropanol (99%) and 12 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 1.0 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 125 g of isopropanol (99%) and 52 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0252] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.15 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 100,000 g / mol.
[0253] Comparative Example 26A
[0254] The same galactomannan produced by the same process in Comparative Example 13A is used in this example.
[0255] Comparative Example 27A
[0256] In a 1 Liter stirred reactor, 97.5 g of isopropanol (99%) and 37.4 g of deionized water were introduced at room temperature under a blanket of inert nitrogen gas. 44.2 g of an unfunctionalized native cassia and 0.2 g of Borax were then loaded at room temperature and under vigorous stirring. After homogenization, 32.8 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Quat188, 65%in water) was added. This mixture was mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes, after which 12.7 g of sodium hydroxide (50%in water) was slowly added. This mixture was further mixed at room temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 60℃and held at this temperature for 60 minutes, after which the temperature was lowered to at least 35℃.
[0257] Thereafter, the mixture was dispersed under stirring with 55.2 g of isopropanol (99%) and 11.3 g of deionized water. The pH was adjusted to approximately 9-10 using 1.0 g of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was then left under stirring for 30 minutes and then discharged from the reactor. The resulting dispersion was then filtered under vacuum through qualitative filter paper. The dispersion was then washed and filtered twice more for 30 minutes with 145 g of isopropanol (99%) and 60 g of deionized water. The solid obtained was dried overnight for 6 hours in an oven at 60℃.
[0258] The cationic degree of substitution (DScationic) was 0.20 and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 25,000 g / mol.
[0259] The summary of the galactomannans of Examples 19A –22A are shown below in Table 3A. The galactomannans of Examples 19A –22A are used in the compositions in Examples 19B –22B, as shown in Table 3B. For comparison, the summary of the galactomannans of Comparative Examples 23A –27A are shown below in Table 4A. The galactomannans of Comparative Examples 23A –27A are used in the compositions in Comparative Examples 23B –27B, as shown in Table 4B.
[0260] Table 3A: Summary of Galactomannans (Examples)
[0261] Table 4A: Summary of Galactomannans (Comparative Examples)
[0262] Examples 19B –22B
[0263] Each of the examples listed in Table 3B were generally prepared in the following manner using the compounds listed in Table 3B. To start, 265 g of distilled water was weighed and put into a beaker with stirring at room temperature (about 20℃) . Thereafter, the preservative (DMDMH) was added to the water under stirring and the temperature was maintained at room temperature. Then the respective galactomannan listed in Table 3B was added to the water and preservative at room temperature while stirring with acid being added to hydrolyze the galactomannan. The solution was then heated for approximately 20 minutes and then the respective quaternary ammonium compound listed in Table 3B was added in melted form (i.e., the TEP-88 was melted before being added to the mixture) . After the quaternary ammonium compound was added to the mixture, the composition was stirred for approximately 10 minutes. Thereafter, the composition was cooled to about 30℃, the pH was adjusted to 3.8, and the dye was added.
[0264] The summary of the compositions of Examples 19B –22B are shown below in Table 3B, along with the stability results at room temperature (RT, 23℃) as well as at elevated temperature (Oven, 40℃) .
[0265] Comparative Examples 23B –27B
[0266] Each of the comparative examples listed in Table 4B were generally prepared in the same manner as set forth above for the examples, with the comparative examples using the compounds listed in Table 4B.
[0267] As shown above in Table 3B, compositions having galactomannans according to the present invention along with a quaternary ammonium compound demonstrate superior stability not only at room temperature, but also at elevated temperatures. On the other hand, as shown above in Table 4B, compositions that do not have galactomannans according to the present invention along with a quaternary ammonium compound demonstrate worse stability not only at room temperature, but also at elevated temperatures.
[0268] The present subject matter being thus described, it will be apparent that the same may be modified or varied in many ways. Such modifications and variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the present subject matter, and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims
1.A composition comprising:at least one galactomannan, wherein the galactomannan comprises:a molecular weight (Mw) of less than 100,000 g / mol, preferably 50,000 g / mol or less, more preferably 35,000 g / mol or less;a cationic DS of 0.20 or less, preferably 0.18 or less, more preferably 0.15 or less; anda protein content of less than 6 wt. %, preferably about 4 wt. %or less, more preferably about 2 wt. %or less, andat least one quaternary ammonium compound, preferably an ester quaternary ammonium compound.2.The composition of claim 1, wherein the galactomannan has a mannose: galactose ratio of about 1: 1 to about 5: 1.3.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the molecular weight (Mw) of the galactomannan is 30,000 g / mol or less.4.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the molecular weight (Mw) of the galactomannan ranges from 5,000 to 50,000 g / mol, preferably from 5,000 to 35,000 g / mol, more preferably from 5,000 g / mol to 30,000 g / mol.5.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the molecular weight (Mw) of the galactomannan ranges from 10,000 to 50,000 g / mol, preferably from 10,000 to 35,000 g / mol, more preferably from 10,000 to 30,000 g / mol.6.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cationic DS of the galactomannan ranges from 0.05 to 0.20, preferably from 0.07 to 0.18, more preferably from 0.09 to 0.15.7.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cationic DS of the galactomannan ranges from about 0.08 to 0.15, preferably about 0.08 to 0.12.8.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the protein content of the galactomannan is about 1 wt. %or less, preferably about 0.8 wt. %or less, more preferably about 0.5 wt. %or less.9.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the protein content of the galactomannan ranges from 0 wt. %to about 5 wt. %, preferably from about 0.5 wt. %to about 4 wt. %, more preferably from about 0.7 wt. %to about 1.5 wt. %.10.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has formula (VII) : [N+ (R11) (R12) (R13) (R14) ] yX- (VII)wherein:R11, R12, R13 and R14, which may be the same or different, are each a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group, optionally comprising at least one heteroatom; preferably R11, R12, R13 and R14, which may be the same or different, are each a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group comprising at least one ester group, at least amide group, or combinations thereof;X is an anion, preferably X is selected from chloride group, a sulfate group, or mixtures thereof; andy is the valence of X.11.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has formula (VIII) : [N+ (R15) 2 (R16) (R17) ] yX- (VIII)wherein:R15, which may be the same or different, are each an aliphatic C16-22 group;R16 is a C1-C15 alkyl group, preferably a C1-C10 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-C3 alkyl group;R17 is R15 or R16;X is an anion, preferably X is selected from chloride group, a sulfate group,or mixtures thereof; andy is the valence of X.12.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has formula (VIV) : [N+ ( (CH2) n-T-R18) 2 (R18) (R19) ] yX- (VIV)wherein:R19 group is independently selected from a C1-C4 alkyl or a C1-C4 hydroxylalkyl group;R18 group is independently selected from a C1-C30 alkyl or a C1-C30 alkenyl group; T is –C (=O) -O-;n is an integer from 0 to 5;X is an anion, preferably X is selected from chloride group, a sulfate group, or mixtures thereof; andy is the valence of X.13.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has formula (X) : N+ (CH (CH2-COOH) R20) 2 (CH3) (C2H4-OH) , (CH3) zR21SO4- (X)wherein:R20, which may be the same or different, are each a C12-C20 alkyl group, a C12-C20 alkenyl group, or mixtures thereof;R21 is a C1 –C10 alkyl group, preferably a C1 –C5 alkyl group, more preferably a C1 –C3 alkyl group; andz is an integer from 0 to 3.14.The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is selected from Di (palmitic carboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methyl sulfate (TEP) , Diethyl ester dimethyl ammonium chloride (DEEDMAC) , Dihydrogenated Tallow Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (DHTDMAC) , Dihydrogenated Tallow Dimethyl Ammonium Methyl Sulfate (DHTDMAMS) , Di (oleocarboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate (TEO) , Distearyl hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate (TES) , Di (hydrogenated tallow-carboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate (TEHT) , Dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride (DODMAC) , Di (tallowcarboxyethyl) hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methylsulfate (TET) , Dihydrogenated tallowdimethylammonium chloride (DHT) , distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DSDMAC) , and mixtures thereof.15.A fabric conditioning composition comprising the composition of claim 1.16.The fabric conditioning composition according to claim 15, wherein the fabric conditioning composition is a fabric softener.17.A method of making a composition comprising:at least one galactomannan, wherein the galactomannan comprises:a molecular weight (Mw) of less than 100,000 g / mol, preferably 50,000 g / mol or less, more preferably 35,000 g / mol or less;a cationic DS of 0.20 or less, preferably 0.18 or less, more preferably 0.15 or less; anda protein content of less than 6 wt. %, preferably about 4 wt. %or less, more preferably about 2 wt. %or less, andat least one quaternary ammonium compound, preferably an ester quaternary ammonium compound,the method comprising combining the at least one galactomannan with the at least one quaternary ammonium compound.18.The method of claim 16, wherein the at least one galactomannan with the at least one quaternary ammonium compound are mixed together.19.The use of the composition of claim 1 in laundry care compositions, preferably as a fabric conditioning composition.20.The use of claim 18, wherein the fabric conditioning composition is a fabric softener.