Terminal antenna and electronic device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of antennas, and provide a terminal antenna and an electronic device. The solution enables circularly polarized wide-angle radiation over the upper hemispherical spatial domain above the electronic device. The terminal antenna comprises: a first radiator and a reference ground. The projection of the first radiator onto a first plane where the reference ground is located is a first projection. The first projection is comprised within the projection of the reference ground onto the first plane. The first radiator is provided with a feed point and a grounding structure. The first radiator is electrically connected to the reference ground by means of the grounding structure. When the first radiator is operating, an annular magnetic current is distributed between the first radiator and the reference ground. A first current is distributed on a first edge of the reference ground, and the phase of the first current is different from the phase of the annular magnetic current.

Description

A terminal antenna and electronic device Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to a terminal antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Electronic devices can communicate wirelessly through antennas installed within them.

[0003] Taking wireless communication, specifically satellite communication, as an example, electronic devices require satellite antennas to have circular polarization and wide-angle radiation characteristics in the upper hemisphere airspace pointing towards the sky when conducting satellite communication.

[0004] In current product implementations, to ensure good radiation performance in the upper hemisphere, satellite antennas are typically positioned at the top edge of electronic devices. However, this makes it difficult to achieve circular polarization and wide-angle radiation effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a terminal antenna and an electronic device that can achieve circular polarization in the upper hemisphere airspace and radiation in the wide-angle domain.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, a terminal antenna is provided for use in an electronic device. The terminal antenna includes a first radiator and a reference ground. The projection of the first radiator onto a first plane containing the reference ground is a first projection. The first projection is included in the projection of the reference ground onto the first plane. A feed point and a grounding structure are disposed on the first radiator. The first radiator is electrically connected to the reference ground through the grounding structure. When the first radiator is in operation, a ring-shaped magnetic current is distributed between the first radiator and the reference ground. A first current is distributed on a first side of the reference ground, and the phase of the first current is different from the phase of the ring-shaped magnetic current.

[0008] Based on this scheme, when the terminal antenna is working, due to the annular magnetic current in the space near the first radiator and the excitation of the first current on the first side, and the phase difference between the two, a circularly polarized radiation effect can be obtained in the far-field radiation. In addition, the radiation of the annular magnetic current can cover the side area of ​​the electronic device, and the radiation of the first current can cover the top area of ​​the electronic device, thereby obtaining wide-angle coverage.

[0009] In some possible designs, the second current includes a portion pointing towards the first side. This second current is the current on the reference ground within the first projection range. It is understood that the second current can be the current corresponding to a toroidal magnetic current on the reference ground. Thus, under alternating current excitation (such as sinusoidal excitation), the second current and the first current can together form a current distribution effect along a counterclockwise or clockwise direction. This results in the terminal antenna having a circularly polarized radiation effect.

[0010] In some possible designs, the reference ground also includes a second side and a third side, which are sequentially connected. The reference ground includes a first portion and a second portion, which are divided by a perpendicular line perpendicular to the first side. The first portion includes the second side, and the second portion includes the third side. The first projection is included in the projection of the first portion onto the first plane, and the direction of the first current is a first direction pointing from the first portion to the second portion. Alternatively, the first projection is included in the projection of the second portion onto the first plane, and the direction of the first current is a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0011] This example provides two relative positional constraints between the first radiator and the reference ground. In different implementations, the direction of the first current can be associated with the relative position of the first radiator and the reference ground, thereby enabling the first current and the toroidal magnetic current / second current to jointly achieve circularly polarized radiation in different implementations.

[0012] In some possible designs, the first radiator includes a first component and a second component. The second component and the first component are distributed sequentially along a third direction. The third direction is the direction from the center of the reference ground to the first side. The length of the first component in this first direction is greater than that of the second component.

[0013] In some possible designs, the first component is connected to the second component on the side closer to the second side. At least a portion of the grounding structure is disposed in a first region of the second component, through which the first radiator is connected to the reference ground. The first region includes a range along the first direction comprising the area between a first reference line and a second reference line. The first reference line is the perpendicular bisector of a fourth side, which is the side of the second component furthest from the first side. The second reference line is the straight line containing a fifth side, which is the side of the second component furthest from the second side.

[0014] In some possible designs, the first component is connected to the second component on the side away from the second side. At least a portion of the grounding structure is disposed in the second region of the second component, through which the terminal antenna is connected to the reference ground. The second region includes a range along the first direction comprising the area between the third reference line and the fourth reference line. The third reference line is the straight line containing the sixth side, which is the side of the second component closest to the second side. The fourth reference line is the perpendicular bisector of the fourth side, which is the side of the second component away from the first side.

[0015] In some possible designs, the grounding structure includes a short-circuit wall.

[0016] In some possible designs, the grounding structure also includes at least a portion extending to the fourth side.

[0017] In some possible designs, the grounding structure extends along the second direction on the fourth side for a length not exceeding half the length of the fourth side.

[0018] In some possible designs, the first component includes a seventh side. This seventh side is the side of the first component that is away from the first side. The grounding structure also includes at least a portion extending to this seventh side.

[0019] In some possible designs, the length of the grounding structure extending along the first direction on the seventh side does not exceed half the length of the seventh side.

[0020] The above design provides several possible structural implementations of the first radiator. This structural configuration enables the first radiator to generate a ring-shaped magnetic current during operation, while simultaneously generating a first current on its first side.

[0021] In some possible designs, where the first projection is included in the projection of the first portion onto the first plane, the terminal antenna has a left-hand circularly polarized radiation effect in the upper hemisphere airspace, which is the region indicated by the electronic device along the third direction. Where the first projection is included in the second portion, the terminal antenna has a right-hand circularly polarized radiation effect in the upper hemisphere airspace.

[0022] In some possible designs, the terminal antenna also includes a second radiator parallel to the first side, and the second radiator has at least one electrical connection point. Any of these electrical connection points may be configured as a feed point, or directly connected to the reference ground, or connected to the reference ground via a tuning device.

[0023] This example provides another antenna implementation. In this implementation, the second radiator can be positioned at the top edge. This second radiator can be used to further enhance the radiation coverage of the top region of the electronic device. Thus, through the radiation from the second radiator and the first radiator, the radiation performance of the terminal device in the upper hemisphere airspace is further improved.

[0024] In some possible designs, the second radiator has a first electrical connection point and a second electrical connection point at its two ends, respectively. The first and second electrical connection points are respectively configured to be connected to the reference ground via a tuning device. The tuning device is used to tune the phase and / or frequency of the first current.

[0025] In some possible designs, a third electrical connection point is configured at one end of the second radiator, which serves as a feed point. When the terminal antenna is operational, a first feed signal is input to the first radiator through the feed point, and a second feed signal is input to the second radiator through the third electrical connection point. The phase of the first feed signal is earlier than the phase of the second feed signal.

[0026] In some possible designs, the electrical length of the second radiator is set according to half the wavelength of the operating frequency band of the terminal antenna.

[0027] In some possible designs, the electrical length of the first radiator is set according to 1 / 4 wavelength of the operating frequency band of the terminal antenna.

[0028] In some possible designs, the terminal antenna operates in frequency bands including satellite communication bands.

[0029] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes a terminal antenna as provided in the first aspect and any possible design thereof.

[0030] It is understood that the solution provided in the second aspect of this application can be respectively associated with the first aspect and any of its possible designs, and therefore the beneficial effects can be achieved are similar, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna radiator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna radiator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna radiator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna radiator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a reference area division provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 8 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 9 is a simulation diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 10 is a simulation diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 11 is a simulation diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 12 is a simulation diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 13 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 14 is a simulation diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 15 is a simulation diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 16 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 17 is a simulation diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 18 is a simulation diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 19 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 20 is a simulation diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 21 is a simulation diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 22 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 23 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 24 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 25 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 26 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0057] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0058] Electronic devices can communicate wirelessly via an antenna installed therein. This wireless communication may include satellite communication.

[0059] Referring to Figure 1, a schematic diagram of a communication scenario is provided. Satellite communication is used as an example.

[0060] In this example, a mobile phone is used as an example of an electronic device. The mobile phone can use its built-in satellite antenna to exchange uplink and downlink data with a communication satellite located above the phone, thus achieving satellite communication.

[0061] The satellite antenna can be an antenna operating in a frequency band that includes satellite communication frequencies. For example, the satellite communication frequency band could be in the range of 1 GHz to 3 GHz.

[0062] In some satellite communication scenarios, communication satellites may include high-orbit communication satellites. These high-orbit communication satellites can be geostationary satellites (or geosynchronous satellites). With the electronic equipment's position unchanged, the relative position of the high-orbit communication satellite and the electronic equipment remains essentially constant. Thus, if the satellite antenna has good communication performance in the direction pointed towards the high-orbit communication satellite, high-quality communication can be achieved. However, when electronic equipment conducts satellite communication, the direction in which the top edge of the electronic equipment points cannot be guaranteed to be towards the high-orbit communication satellite. Therefore, when the satellite antenna has good communication performance over a large range of cone angles, the quality of satellite communication can be effectively improved.

[0063] In other satellite communication scenarios, communication satellites may include low-Earth orbit (LEO) communication satellites. These LEO satellites are non-geostationary. While the electronic equipment remains stationary, the relative positions of the LEO communication satellite and the electronic equipment constantly change. Therefore, the satellite antenna needs to maintain good communication performance within a large cone angle range (e.g., 80 degrees) in the upper hemisphere airspace pointing towards the sky, thereby achieving good communication with the LEO communication satellite.

[0064] It should be noted that the communication performance of a satellite antenna in a specific region (such as the upper hemisphere airspace) can be evaluated and represented by parameters such as polarization characteristics, efficiency, and gain.

[0065] Take polarization characteristics as an example. The polarization characteristics of an antenna can include circular polarization, elliptical polarization, linear polarization, etc. In satellite communication systems, satellite antennas can be configured to provide circular polarization (such as left-hand circular polarization) radiation characteristics in the upper hemisphere airspace, thereby matching the polarization of signals from communication satellites and achieving efficient signal transmission and reception.

[0066] Most current electronic devices can have a metal frame architecture. Electronic devices can reuse the metal frame to configure antenna radiators. To obtain better radiation performance in the upper hemisphere, in some implementations, satellite antennas can reuse the top edge of the electronic device for radiation. However, when the top edge is used as the radiator, it is difficult to achieve circular polarization in the top region. Furthermore, existing satellite antenna designs cannot provide wide-angle coverage within a large cone angle range (e.g., 80 degrees).

[0067] Based on this, the antenna solution provided in this application can be applied to electronic devices to support satellite communication. This antenna solution can achieve circular polarization characteristics within a large cone angle range (e.g., 80 degrees). This antenna enables electronic devices to provide better satellite communication quality.

[0068] For ease of description, in the embodiments of this application, the top and bottom edges of the electronic device can be adapted to the user's conventional grip when using the electronic device. Taking a mobile phone as an example, the electronic device is described below.

[0069] When a user holds the phone with the screen perpendicular to the ground, the two short sides of the phone can be parallel to the ground, namely the top edge and the bottom edge. The top edge is the short side closer to the sky (or closer to the phone's camera), and the bottom edge is the short side closer to the ground (or farther from the phone's camera).

[0070] Correspondingly, a mobile phone can be divided into an upper half and a lower half. The upper half and the lower half can be divided by a line connecting the midpoints of the two longer sides. The upper half can include the top edge, and the lower half can include the bottom edge.

[0071] When a user holds the phone with the display plane perpendicular to the ground, the area in the external space surrounding the phone can be categorized as follows: the top area (pointing upwards from the top edge) can be considered the top of the phone, and the bottom area (pointing downwards from the bottom edge) can be considered the bottom of the phone. Establishing a coordinate system with the center of the display as the origin, the direction from the origin to any long side can be considered the x-direction, the direction perpendicular to the display outwards can be considered the z-direction, and the direction from the origin to the top edge can be considered the +y-direction. The upper hemisphere can be the area above the xoz plane (e.g., along the +y-direction). The top area can be included within the upper hemisphere.

[0072] The implementation of the solution provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0073] It should be noted that the solutions provided in this application can be applied to users' electronic devices. Electronic devices may include at least one of the following: mobile phones, foldable electronic devices, tablets, desktop computers, laptop computers, handheld computers, laptops, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, artificial intelligence (AI) devices, wearable devices, in-vehicle devices, smart home devices, or smart city devices. This application does not impose any special limitations on the specific type of electronic device.

[0074] Referring to Figure 2, it is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0075] As shown in Figure 2, the antenna may include a radiator 21 and a reference ground 22. A feed point and a grounding structure may be provided on the radiator 21. For example, the grounding structure may include a short-circuit wall as shown in Figure 2. In this embodiment, the short-circuit wall can be used as a specific implementation of the grounding structure. In specific implementation, the short-circuit wall can be a planar conductive structure to achieve electrical connection between the radiator 21 and the reference ground 21. In other embodiments, the grounding structure may also be implemented by one or more point conductive structures. For example, one or more grounding points may be provided in the area corresponding to the short-circuit wall on the radiator 21. These one or more grounding points are directly or indirectly electrically connected to the reference ground.

[0076] The following explanation uses the example of a grounding structure implemented through a short-circuit wall.

[0077] The electrical length of radiator 21 can be set according to 1 / 4 wavelength of the satellite communication frequency band.

[0078] In the xoy plane, the area of ​​the reference ground 22 can be larger than that of the radiator 21. Taking a mobile phone as an example, in some embodiments, the reference ground 22 can be a metal structure such as the metal frame of the phone that can provide a zero-potential reference. In other embodiments, the radiator 21 is disposed on the battery cover of the phone. The reference ground 22 and the radiator 21 can be disposed on two separate surfaces of the battery cover. The size of the reference ground 22 can be greater than or equal to the size of the radiator 21.

[0079] The radiator 21 and the reference ground 22 have different coordinates in the z-direction. Thus, the xoy planes corresponding to the radiator 21 and the reference ground 22 can be parallel but not intersecting. In this example, the radiator 21 is located in the -z direction of the reference ground 22. That is, the radiator 21 can be positioned in the space of the reference ground 22 near the back of the electronic device (the side away from the display screen).

[0080] Furthermore, the projection of the radiator 21 onto the plane containing the reference ground 22 along the z-axis may include at least a portion falling on the reference ground 22. In some implementations, the projection of the radiator 21 onto the plane containing the reference ground 22 along the z-axis may be completely contained within the reference ground 22.

[0081] In a specific implementation, the radiator 21 can be made of metallic material. The radiator 21 can be mounted on a non-metallic support on the +z direction side of the reference ground 22. Alternatively, the radiator 21 can be mounted on a non-metallic structure on the +z direction side of the reference ground 22.

[0082] The radiator 21 and the reference ground 22 can form a planar inverted F-shaped antenna (PIFA).

[0083] When the PIFA antenna is in operation, the electronic equipment inputs a feed signal to the radiator 21 through the feed line and the feed point on the radiator 21. A ring-shaped magnetic current Jm1 in the xoy plane can be formed in the space near the radiator 21. For example, the space near the radiator 21 may include the magnetic current distribution region as shown in Figure 2. This magnetic current distribution region may include the space between the radiator 21 and the reference ground 22.

[0084] The formation and direction of this annular magnetic current can be obtained through the targeted design of the radiator 21 (such as the position of the radiator 21 relative to the reference ground 22 in the xoy plane, or the arrangement of the grounding structure on the radiator 21). This will be explained in detail later.

[0085] In the example shown in Figure 2, taking time 1 when the PIFA antenna is operating, an annular magnetic current Jm1 distributed in a counterclockwise direction is taken as an example. It can be understood that due to the periodic phase change of the feed signal (such as a sinusoidal signal), the direction of the annular magnetic current Jm1 can alternate between counterclockwise and clockwise in the time domain.

[0086] In this example, corresponding to the annular magnetic current Jm1, a current J1 (second current) pointing towards the top edge (first edge) of the reference ground 22 can also be distributed in the projection region of the radiator 21 along the z-axis of the reference ground 22. This current J1 can include a current pointing towards the top edge along the y-axis and a current pointing towards the top edge obliquely.

[0087] The annular magnetic current Jm1 can generate an approximately horizontal donut-shaped pattern in space. Therefore, the annular magnetic current Jm1 can effectively cover the side regions of electronic devices.

[0088] In this application, the annular magnetic current Jm1 can also excite a transverse current located at the top edge that is slightly later in phase on the reference ground.

[0089] In some embodiments, the radiator 21 may be offset relative to the reference ground 22. Exemplarily, the radiator may be disposed in the left or right region of the reference ground 22 along the x-axis. The left and right regions may be divided by a perpendicular bisector of the reference ground 22. The left region may be a portion on the -x side of the perpendicular bisector, and the right region may be a portion on the +x side of the perpendicular bisector.

[0090] Taking the radiator 21 located in the left region of the reference ground 22 as an example.

[0091] The current J1 generated on reference ground 22 pointing towards the top edge can include a diagonal current pointing upwards and to the right. Correspondingly, a transverse current J2 can be generated at the top edge of reference ground 22. The direction of this transverse current J2 at time 1 can be from left to right.

[0092] The lateral current J2 can generate an approximately vertical donut-shaped directional pattern in space. Therefore, this lateral current J2 can effectively cover the areas in front of, behind, and above the screen of an electronic device.

[0093] Understandably, the lateral current J2 can be interpreted as an extension of the top-pointing current J1 generated by the PIFA antenna on reference ground 22 towards the top edge of reference ground 22. Therefore, the phase of current J2 is later than that of current J1.

[0094] Thus, at moment 1 during operation, as shown in Figure 2, the antenna can generate a current J1 pointing towards the top edge, generated by the radiator 21 (and the projection area of ​​the radiator 21 onto the reference ground 22); it can also generate a slightly later lateral current J2 on the top edge of the reference ground 22, flowing from left to right. Therefore, currents J1 and J2 can form a clockwise current distribution effect.

[0095] Corresponding to the current, in far-field radiation, the electric field phase along the -z axis generated by current J1 is earlier than the radiation phase along the x axis generated by current J2. This achieves the radiation effect for circular polarization (such as left-hand circular polarization).

[0096] Furthermore, since the radiation patterns of the annular magnetic current Jm1 and the transverse current J2 can cover the side region, the front region of the screen, the rear region of the screen, and the top region of the electronic device, respectively, a wide-angle coverage effect of left-hand circular polarization can be achieved. In this application, the two sides of the electronic device can be the second side and the third side, respectively. For example, the second side can be the left side and the third side can be the right side. Or, for example, the second side can be the right side and the third side can be the left side.

[0097] In contrast, in other embodiments, radiator 21 is positioned in the right region of reference ground 22. Due to the placement of radiator 21, the PIFA antenna generates a counter-clockwise annular magnetic current Jm1. This annular magnetic current Jm1 corresponds to a current J1 on reference ground 22 pointing towards the top edge.

[0098] Unlike the case where the radiator 21 is located in the left region, when the radiator 21 is located in the right region, the current J1 can include a diagonal current pointing upwards to the left. Correspondingly, a transverse current J3, with a phase later than the current J1, can be generated at the top edge of the reference ground 22 from right to left.

[0099] Thus, in far-field radiation, the radiation phase along the y-axis generated by current J1 is earlier than the radiation phase along the x-axis generated by current J3. This achieves the radiation effect for circular polarization (such as right-hand circular polarization).

[0100] It is understandable that, in the above description of the scheme in Figure 2, when a ring-shaped magnetic current Jm1 is formed, the relative positions of the radiator 21 and the reference ground 22 can achieve a wide-angle circular polarization (such as left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization) radiation effect in the top region.

[0101] In different embodiments, the radiator 21 may have different configurations.

[0102] Referring to Figure 3, a schematic diagram of an antenna radiator 21 is provided. The area of ​​the radiator 21 can be limited by its electrical length. For example, the electrical length of the radiator 21 can be set according to 1 / 4 wavelength of the satellite communication frequency band.

[0103] In this example, the radiator 21 can be L-shaped. This L-shaped structure can include two non-parallel, sequentially connected parts. For example, these two parts could include component 31 (the first component) and component 32 (the second component).

[0104] For example, components 31 and 32 are both rectangles. In other implementations, components 31 and / or 32 may also have other shapes (such as circles, ellipses, or irregular shapes).

[0105] In this example, the long side of component 31 extends along direction D1. The long side of component 32 extends along direction D2. Components 31 and 32 can be distributed along the line containing direction D2. Component 31 is positioned between the top edge and component 32 along the y-axis. Components 31 and 32 are connected to each other on the side of their long sides closest to the -x-axis. Along the x-axis, the length of component 32 does not exceed that of component 31.

[0106] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the interconnection of components 31 and 32 on the long side near the -x axis can also be referred to as: the interconnection of components 31 and 32 on the long side near the -x axis.

[0107] In this application, one end or one side may correspond to a point (such as the end point) or a region near the end point. For example, the left end of component 31 may include the left side of component 31 and the region between it and the perpendicular bisector of component 31 along the y-axis.

[0108] Taking Figure 3 as an example, where both components 31 and 32 are rectangular structures, in some embodiments, components 31 and 32 are connected on the longer side near the -x-axis, corresponding to the left side of component 32 being flush with the left side of component 31. In other embodiments, the left side of component 32 may not be flush with the left side of component 31. For example, the left side of component 32 is in the -x-axis direction of the left side of component 31, and the right side of component 32 is in the +x-axis direction of the left side of component 31. Alternatively, the left side of component 32 may be in the +x-axis direction of the left side of component 31, and the left side of component 32 may not extend beyond the perpendicular bisector of component 31 along the y-axis.

[0109] The lines containing directions D1 and D2 are not parallel. In the direction indicated by direction D1, the length of component 31 is greater than the length of component 32.

[0110] In some implementations, directions D1 and D2 can be perpendicular to each other. For example, direction D1 can be parallel to the top edge of reference ground 22, i.e., parallel to the x-direction. For example, direction D1 can point to the +x direction. Direction D2 can be parallel to the side edge of reference ground 22, i.e., parallel to the y-direction. For example, direction D2 can point to the +y direction. In this way, components 31 and 32 form an L-shaped structure that is perpendicular to each other.

[0111] In other implementations, direction D1 and / or direction D2 may differ from the references described above. For example, direction D1 may not be parallel to the x-direction; similarly, direction D2 may not be parallel to the y-direction.

[0112] A feed point may be provided on the radiator 21. This feed point can be used to input a feed signal. In some implementations, the feed signal may include a satellite communication signal. The frequency band corresponding to the feed signal may include the frequency band of satellite communication.

[0113] In different implementations, the feed point can be located on component 31 or component 32. This application does not limit the location of the feed point on the radiator 21.

[0114] A grounding structure can also be provided on the radiator 21.

[0115] In this example, the grounding structure includes a short-circuit wall. Along the z-axis, one side of the short-circuit wall can be electrically connected to the radiator 21. The other side of the short-circuit wall can be electrically connected to the reference ground 22.

[0116] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the grounding structure may be disposed along the edge of component 32. In some implementations, the grounding structure may be disposed along the edge (such as edge 301) in the direction D1 of component 32. That is, the grounding structure may be disposed along the right edge of component 32. This edge 301 may also be referred to as the fifth edge.

[0117] As shown in Figure 3, the radiator 21 radiates in a 1 / 4 wavelength mode when fed by a feed point. There are no current reversal points on the radiator 21. Regarding the electric field distribution in the space near the radiator 21, a small electric field point is formed at the end near the grounding structure (e.g., the edge of component 32 in the opposite direction of direction D2), and a large electric field point is formed at the opposite end (e.g., the edge of component 31 in the direction indicated by direction D1). Therefore, there is only one direction of electric field between the radiator 21 and the reference ground 22 (i.e., there is no reverse electric field). This results in a toroidal magnetic current corresponding to this electric field. For example, this toroidal magnetic current can include the counterclockwise toroidal magnetic current shown in this example. It is understood that due to the periodic variation of the feed signal, at other times, this counterclockwise toroidal magnetic current may also change to a clockwise toroidal magnetic current.

[0118] In other embodiments, the grounding structure may be located in the area near edge 301.

[0119] For example, referring to Figure 4, the edge of component 32 along direction D1 is denoted as edge 402 (fourth edge). This edge 402 can also be the lower edge of the radiator 21 in the -y direction.

[0120] In this example, the grounding structure (such as a short-circuit wall) can be located in the region between the perpendicular bisectors of sides 301 and 402. In some implementations, the length of the grounding structure along the y-axis does not exceed the length of side 301.

[0121] It should be noted that in the schemes shown in Figures 3 and 4, the grounding structure is an elongated strip along the y-axis. In other embodiments, the grounding structure can also be replaced by one or more grounding points along the x-axis, or an irregular strip. This application does not limit the short-circuit structure.

[0122] In other embodiments, the grounding structure may also extend to the edge of component 32 along direction D1, and / or the grounding structure may extend to component 31.

[0123] Referring to Figure 5, a schematic diagram of an antenna radiator is provided. This includes two different grounding structure configurations. One example is the grounding structure comprising the portion along edge 301 as shown in Figure 3.

[0124] In some embodiments, as shown at 51 in FIG5, the grounding structure may extend to component 31.

[0125] In this example, on component 31, the edge along direction D1 closest to component 32 is denoted as edge 501 (seventh edge). The grounding structure can extend from edge 301 to edge 501 as shown in Figure 3. In some implementations, the end of the grounding structure on edge 501 does not exceed the midpoint of edge 501 along direction D1.

[0126] In other embodiments, as shown at 52 in FIG5, the grounding structure may extend to the edge (i.e., edge 402) along the x-axis of the component. In some implementations, the end of the grounding structure on edge 502 does not exceed the midpoint of edge 502 along the x-axis.

[0127] It is understandable that, in the implementation of the scheme provided in Figure 5, the grounding structure shown in Figure 3 is used as an example for extended design along edge 301. Based on a similar idea, when the grounding structure includes the arrangement shown in Figure 4, it can also be extended to edge 501 and / or edge 402 in the form shown in Figure 5.

[0128] In the description of Figures 3-5 above, the example is that component 32 of radiator 21 is connected to component 31 on the -x direction (opposite to direction D1). In other embodiments, component 32 of radiator 21 may also be connected to component 31 on the +x direction.

[0129] For example, referring to Figure 6, a schematic diagram of another radiator 21 is provided.

[0130] The solution provided in this example can be viewed as the effect of mirroring the left and right sides of the vertical axis of the radiator 21, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, or Figure 5.

[0131] In the implementation of the scheme shown in Figure 6, the left rear mirror image setting based on the scheme shown in Figure 3 is taken as an example.

[0132] The length of component 31 along the x-axis can be greater than the length of component 32 along the x-axis. Components 31 and 32 are distributed along the -y direction (the opposite direction of direction D2). Component 31 can be connected to component 32 on the side indicated by +x (direction D1).

[0133] Component 32 may be provided with a grounding structure, which may include a short-circuit wall. Taking the short-circuit wall as a strip, not extending to sides 501 and 402 as shown in Figure 5, as an example.

[0134] In this example, the grounding structure can be located on edge 301, and / or in the region between the perpendicular bisectors of edge 301 and edge 402. Edge 402 can be the edge pointed to by the -y direction of the component.

[0135] In other embodiments, the grounding structure shown in FIG6 can also extend to both ends as shown in FIG4. Refer to FIG4 for details; further elaboration is omitted here.

[0136] Figures 3-6 above provide examples of several different compositions of the radiator 21. This does not constitute a specific limitation on the radiator 21. In other embodiments, the radiator 21 can be other shapes than the L-shape. For example, circular, elliptical, irregular shapes, etc.

[0137] In different embodiments of this application, the radiator 21 may include components 31 and 32 distributed along the -y axis. Component 31 may be connected to component 32 on one side along the x axis or on one side along the -x axis. The dimension of component 31 along the x axis is larger than the dimension of component 32 along the x axis.

[0138] A feed point can be provided on the radiator 21 for inputting a feed signal.

[0139] A grounding structure may also be provided on the radiator 21. Taking a short-circuit wall as an example, the grounding structure can be provided on the component 32. The grounding structure may include a portion provided in a first region on the component 32. The x-axis range of the first region may include the range between the perpendicular bisector of edge 402 on the component 32 and edge 301. Edge 402 may be an edge extending along the x-axis in the -y direction on the component 32. Edge 301 may be the edge of the component 32 that is closer in the x-axis direction to the perpendicular bisector of the component 31 along the y-axis among the two edges extending along the y-axis.

[0140] Based on the above-mentioned feature limitations, the radiator 21 can be configured as a planar structure rather than a strip structure with the long side dimension being much larger than the short side dimension in the transverse or longitudinal direction, so that the radiator 21 can generate a corresponding annular magnetic current when it is working.

[0141] In different embodiments, the grounding structure on the radiator 21 can be located on edge 301 or within the aforementioned first region. Thus, by setting the grounding structure on the radiator 21, current returning to ground from the radiator 21 is achieved, and points of small and large electric fields are created between the radiator 21 and the reference ground 22. Due to the location limitation of the grounding structure, the excitation of a ring-shaped magnetic current near the radiator 21 is achieved.

[0142] In this application, when the radiator 21 is operated, the angle between the current direction on the radiator 21 and the current direction excited on the reference ground 22 is less than or equal to 90 degrees. Based on the orthogonal decomposition of the x-axis and y-axis, the current direction along the x-axis on the radiator 21 is the same as the direction along the x-axis (such as the top edge current) on the reference ground 22. Corresponding to the structural arrangement, in some implementations, when the radiator 21 is located in the left region, the current generated on the radiator 21 can include a current to the upper right or the right side. A transverse current to the right can be generated on the reference ground 22. In other implementations, when the radiator 21 is located in the right region, the current generated on the radiator 21 can include a current to the upper left or the left side. A transverse current to the left can be generated on the reference ground 22.

[0143] Thus, through the aforementioned targeted design, the radiator 21 can generate a ring-shaped magnetic current when it is working. Simultaneously, it can excite a transverse current on the floor that is not opposite in direction to the current on the radiator 21. This together achieves a circularly polarized radiation effect.

[0144] In the following example, radiator 21 has the composition shown in Figure 3.

[0145] The radiator 21 provided in each embodiment can be disposed on the left or right side of the reference ground 22 to achieve the corresponding circularly polarized radiation effect.

[0146] For example, referring to Figure 7, a schematic diagram of a reference area division is shown. Reference area 22 can be divided into left and right parts by a perpendicular bisector (such as a perpendicular bisector along the y-direction) in the xoy plane. The left region can be the area on the reference area 22 on the -x side of the perpendicular bisector. The right region can be the area on the reference area 22 on the +x side of the perpendicular bisector.

[0147] In some implementations, the radiator 21 shown in any of Figures 3-6 can be positioned in the left-side region. The rightmost edge of the radiator 21 can not exceed the perpendicular bisector shown in Figure 7, thus achieving the placement of the radiator 21 in the left-side region. In this way, when a feed signal is input to the radiator 21 through the feed point, a ring-shaped magnetic current Jm1 and a transverse current J2 along the +x direction (i.e., along direction D1) at the top edge can be excited. The ground current J1 corresponding to the ring-shaped magnetic current Jm1 points towards the top edge, and the phase of current J1 is earlier than that of current J2, resulting in a clockwise distribution. Radiation is then achieved through this ring-shaped magnetic current Jm1 and the transverse current J2, obtaining a left-handed circularly polarized radiation effect.

[0148] In some implementations, the radiator 21 shown in any of Figures 3-6 can be positioned in the right-side region. The leftmost edge of the radiator 21 may not exceed the perpendicular bisector shown in Figure 7, thus enabling the radiator 21 to be positioned in the right-side region. In this way, when a feed signal is input to the radiator 21 through the feed point, a ring-shaped magnetic current Jm1 and a transverse current J3 along the -x direction (i.e., opposite to direction D1) at the top edge can be excited. The ground current J1 corresponding to the ring-shaped magnetic current Jm1 points towards the top edge, and the phase of current J1 is earlier than that of current J3, resulting in a counterclockwise distribution. Radiation is then achieved through this ring-shaped magnetic current Jm1 and the transverse current J3, obtaining a right-hand circularly polarized radiation effect.

[0149] Referring to Figure 8, a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme is provided.

[0150] This antenna design may include a radiator 21 and a reference ground 22. The configuration of the radiator 21 and the reference ground 22 can be referred to the foregoing description. In this example, the radiator 21 is positioned in the left-hand region. A feed point may be provided on the radiator 21. The electrical length of the radiator 21 is set according to the operating frequency band of the satellite communication. The grounding structure on the radiator 21 is implemented according to the scheme shown in Figure 3.

[0151] The following example demonstrates the effect of the antenna scheme shown in Figure 8 during operation, using simulation.

[0152] Referring to Figure 9, a simulation diagram is provided. This example offers a standalone simulation example of the PIFA antenna in the antenna scheme of this application.

[0153] In the implementation shown in Figure 9, the portion of the radiator 21 projected onto the reference ground 22 along the z-axis is captured and simulated in conjunction with the radiator 21. It can be understood that the minimum components of a PIFA antenna can include the radiator 21 and a reference ground with an area equivalent to that of the radiator 21. Therefore, the operation of the PIFA antenna is explained through the simulation results shown in Figure 9.

[0154] Figure 9.91 shows a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution when the PIFA antenna is in operation.

[0155] As shown in 91 of Figure 9, in the xoy plane corresponding to the PIFA antenna, the point of maximum electric field is located at the upper right corner, and the point of minimum electric field is near the lower left corner. Referring to the explanations in Figures 2-5, the upper right corner of the PIFA antenna corresponds to the end near the top edge of the reference ground 22. The lower left corner of the PIFA antenna corresponds to the end away from the top edge of the reference ground 22. Thus, the PIFA antenna with this electric field distribution as shown in Figure 9 can achieve radiation excitation pointing towards the top edge.

[0156] Furthermore, as shown in 91 of Figure 9, when the PIFA antenna is working, there are no points of reverse electric field within the coverage area of ​​the radiator 21. Combining the positional distribution of the points with large and small electric fields, the magnetic flux distribution shown in 92 of Figure 9 can be obtained.

[0157] As shown at 92 in Figure 9, at the current moment, the electric field direction can be the +z direction, that is, the direction outward along the paper. Corresponding to the electric field, a counterclockwise annular magnetic current Jm1 can be generated in the space near the radiator 21. This simulation result is similar to the example effect shown in Figure 2.

[0158] Referring to Figure 10, a simulation diagram is provided. This example provides a current simulation diagram of the antenna scheme shown in Figure 8. In the current simulation diagram of Figure 10, the radiator 21 is hidden, and the current distribution on the reference ground 22 is shown in detail when the PIFA antenna is operating.

[0159] The example shown in Figure 10 provides a comparison of the current at T=0 degrees and at a slightly later T=90 degrees.

[0160] At T = 0 degrees, a significant current J1 pointing towards the top edge is generated on reference ground 22. At a slightly later T = 90 degrees, a significant transverse current J2 is generated on the top edge of reference ground 22. This transverse current J2 can be along the positive x-axis.

[0161] In other words, current J1 points towards the top edge, while current J2, which is slightly later in phase, is along the +x axis. Therefore, by combining currents J1 and J2, a left-handed circularly polarized radiation effect in the far field can be obtained.

[0162] Referring to Figure 11, a simulation diagram is provided. This example illustrates the axial ratio when the scheme is operating. It can be understood that a lower axial ratio results in a shape closer to circular polarization, while a higher axial ratio results in a shape closer to linear polarization.

[0163] Figure 111 shows the axial ratio along the -z viewpoint. Figure 112 shows the axial ratio along the -y viewpoint. As can be seen, in the upper hemisphere airspace, the antenna scheme shown in Figure 2 has a lower axial ratio.

[0164] In conjunction with the foregoing description, when the antenna provided in this application embodiment is in operation, it can achieve a better circular polarization radiation effect in the upper hemisphere by combining the annular magnetic current Jm1 (corresponding to current J1) and the transverse current J2 at the top edge, while also having the characteristics of a wide-angle domain.

[0165] Figure 12 is a simulation diagram. This example shows the left-handed direction patterns corresponding to the annular magnetic currents Jm1 and J2, respectively, and the effect after synthesis.

[0166] As shown in 121 of Figure 12, when the PIFA antenna is operating, an approximately horizontal donut-shaped radiation pattern can be obtained by exciting the annular magnetic current Jm1. Correspondingly, as shown in 122 of Figure 12, the transverse current J2 at the top edge of the reference ground 22 can generate a vertical donut-shaped radiation pattern. After combining the two, the radiation pattern of the antenna scheme provided in this application can be obtained. As shown in 123 of Figure 12, the radiation pattern after combining Jm1 and J2 can have a wide coverage effect of circular polarization. Since the phase of J2 is later than that of Jm1, the characteristic of this circular polarization is specifically left-handed circular polarization.

[0167] As explained above, in this embodiment of the application, in order to effectively excite the annular magnetic current Jm1, it can be achieved by specifically configuring the grounding structure on the radiator 21. For example, this specific design can be referred to the description in the foregoing example.

[0168] Referring to Figure 13, a logical schematic diagram of one antenna scheme is shown. This example provides an example of another grounding configuration.

[0169] In the example shown in Figure 13, the radiator of the PIFA antenna may include radiator 131. Compared to radiator 21 in Figure 3, the grounding structure of radiator 131 extends to the end of component 31 in the +x direction.

[0170] Figure 14 is a simulation diagram. This example shows an example of current distribution on the ground plane (i.e., reference ground 22) with the structure shown in Figure 13. As shown in Figure 14, with the grounding structure set up according to the scheme shown in Figure 13, the current on the ground plane below the PIFA antenna flows to the upper left. It is difficult to excite the lateral current at the top edge. And the current at the top edge is approximately the transmission line current, which is difficult to generate effective radiation.

[0171] Figure 15 is a simulation diagram. This example provides a simulation example of a left-handed radiation pattern for the structure shown in Figure 13. It can be seen that the antenna scheme shown in Figure 13 can form a tilted donut-shaped radiation pattern, which no longer has the characteristic of wide-angle coverage.

[0172] Therefore, in this embodiment, the grounding structure can be set up with reference to any of the schemes shown in Figures 3-6, so as to obtain the circular polarization radiation effect in the upper hemisphere airspace and the characteristics of wide-angle coverage.

[0173] In the above example, taking the radiator 21 located on the left side as an example, the wide-angle radiation effect of forming left-hand circular polarization when the antenna scheme provided in the embodiment of this application is working is explained.

[0174] In other embodiments, as shown in the example in FIG7, the radiator 21 may also be located in the right region, thereby achieving a wide-angle radiation effect of right-hand circular polarization.

[0175] For example, referring to Figure 16, a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme is shown. This example provides another example of an antenna scheme. In this example, the radiator 21 can be configured with reference to Figure 3. Unlike the scheme implementation shown in Figure 8, in this scheme implementation shown in Figure 16, the radiator 21 can be located in the right region of the reference ground 22.

[0176] The following is a simulation explanation of the antenna scheme shown in Figure 16.

[0177] Referring to Figure 17, a simulation diagram is provided. This example illustrates the ground current when the antenna scheme shown in Figure 16 is operating. As shown in Figure 17, at T = 0 degrees, a current J1 pointing towards the top edge can be distributed in the PIA antenna region (i.e., the projection region of radiator 21 onto reference ground 22). This current J1 is similar to the current distribution when the PIFA antenna is located in the left region.

[0178] In this example, since the PIFA antenna is located in the right region, it can effectively excite the top edge to generate a right-to-left current. For example, at T = 90 degrees, a current J3 can be generated at the top edge of reference ground 22, which at the current moment can be in a right-to-left direction (i.e., along the -x direction).

[0179] In this way, the combined currents J3 and J1 can form a counterclockwise current distribution. Similar to the previous example where the phase of current J2 is later than the toroidal magnetic current Jm1 (corresponding to current J1), in this example, the phase of current J3 is later than that of current J1. Thus, the radiation effect of the combined currents J3 and J1 can approach or achieve the effect of right-hand circular polarization.

[0180] Furthermore, since the radiation of current J1 can effectively cover the side area of ​​the electronic device, and the radiation of current J3 can effectively cover the top area of ​​the electronic device, the combined radiation of currents J1 and J3 can effectively cover the upper hemisphere of the electronic device, thus exhibiting a wide-angle characteristic.

[0181] Referring to Figure 18, a simulation diagram is provided. This example provides a simulation illustration of the right-hand circular polarization pattern when the antenna scheme shown in Figure 16 is operating. It can be seen that after energizing the radiator 21, the antenna shown in Figure 16 can form a wide-angle coverage effect with right-hand circular polarization.

[0182] In some other embodiments of this application, in addition to providing radiator 21 and reference ground 22, an additional radiator 23 may be provided. The radiator 23 can cooperate with radiator 21 and reference ground 22 to further improve the radiation performance of the antenna in the upper hemisphere airspace.

[0183] For example, referring to Figure 19, there is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme.

[0184] In this example, radiators 21 and 22 are configured according to the scheme shown in Figure 8.

[0185] Referring to the explanation in Figure 8, after the radiator 21 is fed with a power signal, a current J1 pointing towards the top edge can be generated on the reference ground. Within a certain phase after current J1 (such as 90 degrees after the phase of current J1, or 180 degrees after the phase of current J1, etc.), a transverse current J2 is generated at the top edge. This transverse current J2 can provide coverage of the top region of the reference ground 22.

[0186] In the example shown in Figure 19, a radiator 23 may be disposed on the top edge of the reference ground 22. The electrical length of the radiator 23 may be set according to half the wavelength of the operating frequency band (such as the satellite communication frequency band). In some embodiments, the radiator 23 may be configured to reuse at least a portion of the top edge bezel of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiator 23 may be disposed separately on the top edge in the form of an FPC, LDS, etc.

[0187] In this example, the radiator 23 can be positioned at the middle of the top edge. In other embodiments, the position of the radiator 23 can also be moved from this middle position to either end. For example, after moving along the x-axis, the radiator 23 can still be passed through the perpendicular bisector of the reference ground 22.

[0188] At least two electrical connection points may be provided on the radiator 23. For example, in the example of FIG19, electrical connection points 191 and 192 may be provided at both ends (or near the ends) of the radiator 23. For example, electrical connection point 191 may be provided at the left (-x axis) end of the radiator 23, and electrical connection point 192 may be provided at the right (+x axis) end of the radiator 23.

[0189] In this application, the electrical connection point can be a point on the radiator. In some implementations, the electrical connection point can be used as a feed point to facilitate electrical connection with a feed source, enabling power feeding of the radiator through the feed point. In other implementations, the electrical connection point can be used as a ground point to directly or indirectly connect to reference ground 22, enabling the return flow of electrical signals from the radiator to the ground.

[0190] As an example, in the example shown in Figure 19, both electrical connection point 191 and electrical connection point 192 can be configured as ground points. One or more tuning devices can be provided between electrical connection point 191 and / or electrical connection point 192 and reference ground 22. The tuning device can include any one or more of the following: inductor, capacitor, and resistor. The tuning device can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0191] Therefore, the radiator 23 can be configured to operate via a wire D mode. In other implementations, the radiator 23 can also be configured using a slot C mode.

[0192] In this example, when a feed signal is input to radiator 21, a coupling current can be generated on radiator 23. By tuning electrical connection points 191 and / or 192, radiator 23 can be made to operate in half-wavelength mode, generating a transverse current J4 in the same direction as current J2. This achieves loading of radiator 21. Thus, when the PIFA antenna corresponding to radiator 21 is operating, the side area of ​​the electronic device can be covered by Jm1. The top area can also be covered by currents J2 and J4.

[0193] As one possible implementation, taking the radiator 21 in this example located in the left region as an example, a current J4 in the +x direction can be coupled onto the radiator 23. This current J4 can then cooperate with the current J2 in the +x direction on the top edge of the reference ground 22 to achieve enhanced coverage in the top region.

[0194] As another possible implementation, taking the radiator 21 located in the right region as an example, a current J4 in the -x direction can be coupled onto the radiator 23. This current J4 can then cooperate with the current J3 in the -x direction on the top edge of the reference ground 22 to achieve enhanced coverage in the top region.

[0195] Referring to Figure 20, a simulation diagram is provided. This example offers a comparative diagram of current simulation.

[0196] In the example shown in Figure 20, 201 provides a simulation diagram of the floor current without radiator 23 (i.e., the antenna scheme shown in Figure 8); 202 provides a simulation diagram of the floor current with radiator 23 (i.e., the antenna scheme shown in Figure 19).

[0197] As can be seen, the current distribution on the reference ground 22 of the PIFA coverage area remained essentially unchanged before and after the radiator 23 was installed. Therefore, the installation of the radiator 23 does not affect the coverage capability on both sides of the electronic device.

[0198] With the addition of radiator 23, the intensity of the transverse current at the top edge is significantly enhanced.

[0199] Therefore, in the scheme shown in Figure 19, the radiator 23 enables individual tuning of the lateral current on the top edge, thereby improving the antenna's coverage in the top region.

[0200] Understandably, since the energy on radiator 23 comes from coupling, the phase of the transverse current at the top edge of radiator 23 after loading and enhancement is still later than the toroidal magnetic current Jm1. Thus, after loading radiator 23, the radiation characteristics of the antenna scheme shown in Figure 19 in the far field are still left-handed circularly polarized.

[0201] Referring to Figure 21, a simulation diagram is provided. This example offers a simulation example of the left-hand rotation pattern of the antenna scheme shown in Figure 19.

[0202] In Figure 21, 211 shows an example radiation pattern without radiator 23, while 212 shows an example radiation pattern with radiator 23. In comparison, the radiation pattern shown in 212 shows an effective increase in gain in the top (+y) region.

[0203] Comparing the minimum directivity coefficients, in the radiation pattern example shown in 211, the minimum directivity coefficient Dmin in the 80° cone region of the upper hemisphere is -5.8 dBic; in the radiation pattern example shown in 212, the minimum directivity coefficient Dmin in the 80° cone region of the upper hemisphere is -3.8 dBic. That is, after adding the radiator 23, the minimum directivity coefficient in the 80° cone region of the upper hemisphere airspace is significantly improved.

[0204] In the example above, the electrical connection points 191 and / or 192 on the radiator 23 are configured as grounding points so that the radiator 23 can operate as a passive loading unit. In this way, the energy on the radiator 23 can be obtained through coupling.

[0205] In other embodiments, the electrical connection point on radiator 23 can also be configured as a feed point. In this way, by inputting a feed signal F2 to radiator 23 and controlling the phase difference between this feed signal F2 and the feed signal F1 input to radiator 21, it is possible to cover the top region of the electronic device simultaneously through radiator 23 and the sides of radiator 21. Simultaneously, the phase of the electrical signal on radiator 23 (such as feed signal F2) is later than that of the electrical signal on radiator 21 (such as feed signal F1). Thus, left-hand circular polarization (or right-hand circular polarization) radiation characteristics can be achieved regardless of whether radiator 21 can excite a lateral current at the top edge of reference ground 22. That is, in this example, by simultaneously feeding radiator 23 and radiator 21 and controlling the phase difference between the two feed signals, radiator 21 is no longer limited to the left or right side.

[0206] Referring to Figure 22, a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme is provided. In this example, the radiator 21 is positioned at the center of the reference ground. The perpendicular bisector of the reference ground 22 along the y-direction can pass through the radiator 21.

[0207] In this example, the electrical connection point 191 of the radiator 23 can be electrically connected to the feed source to input a feed signal F2 to the radiator 23. Furthermore, as described above, the radiator 21 can be fed a feed signal F1 through the feed point. The phase of this feed signal F2 can be later than that of the feed signal F1.

[0208] Thus, under the excitation of the feed signal F1, the radiator 21 can form a ring-shaped magnetic current Jm1. Correspondingly, an approximately horizontal donut-shaped radiation pattern is generated in the space near the radiator 21, achieving good coverage of the side area of ​​the electronic device.

[0209] Under the excitation of the feed signal F2, the radiator 23 can radiate in a 1 / 2 wavelength mode. A transverse current is generated on the radiator 23 accordingly. This results in an approximately vertical donut-shaped radiation pattern in the top region of the reference ground 22, achieving good coverage of the top region of the electronic device.

[0210] In some implementations, the phase difference between feed signal F2 and feed signal F1 does not exceed 180 degrees. Thus, since the phase of feed signal F2 is later than that of feed signal F1, and the phase difference does not exceed 180 degrees, at the same moment, if the current on the reference ground 22 corresponding to radiator 21 points towards the top edge, the current on radiator 23 can be distributed from left to right along the +x direction. Therefore, the reference ground 22 and the top edge current can jointly form a clockwise current distribution, thereby obtaining a left-handed circularly polarized radiation effect in the far-field space.

[0211] In other implementations, the phase difference between feed signal F2 and feed signal F1 is between 180 and 360 degrees. Since feed signal F2 is later than feed signal F1 and their phases have opposite signs, at the same moment, if the current on the reference ground 22 corresponding to radiator 21 points towards the top edge, the current on radiator 23 can be distributed from right to left along the -x direction. Therefore, the reference ground 22 and the top edge current can jointly form a counterclockwise current distribution, thereby achieving a right-hand circularly polarized radiation effect in the far field.

[0212] In this way, by controlling the phase difference between the feed signals F1 and F2, the relative relationship between the radiation from radiator 23 and radiator 21 can be controlled. Furthermore, without restricting the relative position of radiator 21 and reference ground 22, left-hand or right-hand circularly polarized radiation effects can be achieved.

[0213] In the above embodiments, the top edge of the reference ground 22 is taken as the short edge and the side edge as the long edge. The antenna scheme provided by the embodiments of this application has been described in detail. The structure type of the reference ground 22 can be configured in electronic devices such as mobile phones.

[0214] In other embodiments, the antenna solutions provided in this application can also be applied to electronic devices of other shapes.

[0215] For example, referring to Figure 23, a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme is shown. Taking a foldable electronic device as an example, in this example, the foldable device can be folded left or right along the x-axis. The folding axis can be located at the middle position along the x-axis of the foldable device and extends through it along the y-axis.

[0216] Taking the unfolded state as an example, the folding axis can be at 180 degrees. The two display surfaces of the foldable device are in the same plane. Correspondingly, in the closed state, the folding axis is at 0 degrees, and the two display surfaces are interlocked.

[0217] As shown in Figure 23, the radiator 21 can be disposed on any display surface. Correspondingly, the reference ground on this display surface can correspond to the reference ground 22 in the aforementioned example.

[0218] Figure 23 also provides a corresponding simulation example of the left-hand rotation pattern. It can be seen that there is strong gain coverage in the +y direction region of the foldable device (i.e., the upper hemisphere airspace), as well as radiation effects in the wide-angle region.

[0219] In the example of Figure 23, the foldable device is a left-right folding device. In other examples, the foldable device can also be a top-bottom foldable device.

[0220] Referring to Figure 24, a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme is provided. This example illustrates the implementation of the scheme provided in this application embodiment in a foldable device that folds vertically.

[0221] As shown in Figure 24, in the foldable device that folds vertically, the folding axis can be set at the middle position along the y-axis and run through the device along the x-axis. Thus, by rotating the folding axis, the foldable device can achieve a folding effect of either snapping shut or opening vertically.

[0222] In this example, the foldable device is in a closed state. As shown in Figure 24, without the loading structure of the radiator 23, the radiator 21 can be located on the left or right side of the upper region of the folding axis of the foldable device. The metal frame corresponding to this upper region can function as a reference ground 22.

[0223] Figure 24 also provides a simulation example of the left-hand rotation pattern of the foldable device in the closed state. It can be seen that there is a strong gain coverage in the +y direction region of the foldable device (i.e., the upper hemisphere airspace) and a wide-angle radiation effect.

[0224] Figure 25 is a logical schematic diagram of an antenna scheme. This example provides a solution example of the antenna scheme provided in the embodiments of this application applied to a large area of ​​reference ground (such as a tablet computer).

[0225] As shown in Figure 25, taking the long side of the tablet computer as the top edge and the short side as the side edge as an example, the radiator 21 can be set at the upper left corner of the reference ground 22. Thus, as shown in the left-hand rotation pattern simulation in Figure 25, the gain in the +y direction region (i.e., the top region) of the tablet computer is significantly enhanced, and it has wide-angle radiation characteristics.

[0226] Therefore, as can be seen from the examples provided in Figures 23-25 ​​above, the solutions provided in this application can be applied to scenarios with different reference ground sizes. This achieves circular polarization and wide-angle radiation effects in the upper hemisphere airspace for different electronic devices.

[0227] Based on the above description, in some implementations, the radiator 21 can be configured independently using methods such as FPC or LDS. A non-conductive material support is provided in the +z direction of the reference ground 22 to support the radiator 21. In other implementations, the radiator 21 can also reuse the metal structure on the -z side of the reference ground 22 for configuration.

[0228] For example, the radiator 21 is set up using a metal decorative element (Deco) in a reused electronic device.

[0229] Referring to Figure 26, a logical schematic diagram of an antenna structure is shown. This example provides two different schemes for setting up the radiator 21 under two different metal decorative component structure scenarios.

[0230] As shown in 261 of Figure 26, in some embodiments, the metal decorative element can be located in the upper left corner of the rear view of the electronic device. This allows the metal decorative element to be divided into two or more unconnected metal structures by creating gaps in it. Among these multiple metal structures, a near-L-shaped metal structure 2601 can be selected as the radiator 21. Corresponding to the aforementioned scheme, a grounding structure (such as a metal pin, metal spring, etc.) can be provided at the lower right of the metal structure 2601 (e.g., along the +x, -y directions) to achieve the grounding structure on the radiator 21. Therefore, by inputting a power supply signal to the metal structure 2601, the radiation effect shown in Figure 6 can be obtained.

[0231] As shown in 262 of Figure 26, in some embodiments, the metal decorative element can be positioned at the center of the x-axis in the rear view of the electronic device. This allows the metal decorative element to be divided into two or more unconnected metal structures by creating gaps in it. Among these multiple metal structures, a near-L-shaped metal structure 2602 can be selected as the radiator 21. Corresponding to the aforementioned scheme description, a grounding structure (such as a metal pin, metal spring, etc.) can be provided at the lower right of the metal structure 2602 to achieve the grounding structure on the radiator 21. In some implementations, referring to the example provided in Figure 22, by configuring the radiator 23 and exciting it based on the feed signal F2, it is possible to obtain circularly polarized, wide-angle radiation effects in the top region even when the reused metal structure 2602 is located in the center. Specific implementation details can be found in the example in Figure 22, and will not be elaborated here.

[0232] It is understood that the electronic device provided in this application embodiment includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to perform each function in order to achieve the above-mentioned functions. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, in conjunction with the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed by hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0233] This application embodiment can divide the above-described electronic device into functional modules based on the method example described above. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated modules can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division; other division methods may be used in actual implementation.

[0234] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from the scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A terminal antenna, characterized in that, Applied to electronic devices The terminal antenna includes: a first radiator and a reference ground; the projection of the first radiator onto a first plane containing the reference ground is a first projection; the first projection is included in the projection of the reference ground onto the first plane; The first radiator is provided with a feed point and a grounding structure; the first radiator is electrically connected to the reference ground through the grounding structure; When the first radiator is in operation, a ring-shaped magnetic current is distributed between the first radiator and the reference ground; a first current is distributed on the first side of the reference ground, and the phase of the first current is different from the phase of the ring-shaped magnetic current.

2. The terminal antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second current includes the portion pointing towards the first side; the second current is the current on the reference ground within the first projection range.

3. The terminal antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The reference ground also includes a second side and a third side, and the second side, the first side, and the third side of the reference ground are connected in sequence. The reference ground includes a first part and a second part, which are divided by a perpendicular line perpendicular to the first side; The first part includes the second side, and the second part includes the third side; The first projection is included in the projection of the first portion onto the first plane, the direction of the first current is a first direction, and the first direction points from the first portion to the second portion; or, The first projection is included in the projection of the second portion onto the first plane, and the direction of the first current is a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction.

4. The terminal antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first radiator includes a first component and a second component; The second component and the first component are distributed sequentially along a third direction; the third direction is the direction from the center of the reference ground to the first side; The length of the first component in the first direction is greater than that of the second component.

5. The terminal antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first component is connected to the second component on the side closer to the second side; At least a portion of the grounding structure is disposed in the first region of the second component, and the first radiator is connected to the reference ground through the grounding structure; the first region includes a range along the first direction including: the region between the first reference line and the second reference line; the first reference line is the perpendicular bisector of the fourth side, the fourth side being the side of the second component away from the first side, and the second reference line is the straight line containing the fifth side, the fifth side being the side of the second component away from the second side.

6. The terminal antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first component is connected to the second component on the side furthest from the second side; At least a portion of the grounding structure is disposed in the second region of the second component, and the terminal antenna is connected to the reference ground through the grounding structure; the second region includes a range along the first direction including: the region between the third reference line and the fourth reference line; the third reference line is the straight line containing the sixth side, the sixth side is the side of the second component close to the second side, the fourth reference line is the perpendicular bisector of the fourth side, and the fourth side is the side of the second component away from the first side.

7. The terminal antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding structure includes a short-circuit wall.

8. The terminal antenna according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The grounding structure also includes at least a portion extending to the fourth side.

9. The terminal antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The length of the grounding structure extending along the second direction on the fourth side does not exceed half the length of the fourth side.

10. The terminal antenna according to any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that, The first component includes a seventh side; the seventh side is the side of the first component that is farthest from the first side. The grounding structure also includes at least a portion extending to the seventh side.

11. The terminal antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that, The length of the grounding structure extending along the first direction on the seventh side does not exceed half the length of the seventh side.

12. The terminal antenna according to any one of claims 3-11, characterized in that, The first projection includes the case where the first portion is projected onto the first plane. The terminal antenna has a left-hand circularly polarized radiation effect in the upper hemisphere airspace, and the upper hemisphere airspace is the region pointed to by the electronic device along the third direction. The first projection is included in the case of the second part. The terminal antenna has a right-hand circularly polarized radiation effect in the upper hemisphere airspace.

13. The terminal antenna according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The terminal antenna further includes a second radiator, which is parallel to the first side, and at least one electrical connection point is provided on the second radiator; any one of the electrical connection points is configured as a feed point, or configured to be directly connected to the reference ground, or configured to be connected to the reference ground through a tuning device.

14. The terminal antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second radiator is provided with a first electrical connection point and a second electrical connection point at its two ends, respectively; The first electrical connection point and the second electrical connection point are respectively configured to be connected to the reference ground via a tuning device; The tuning device is used to tune the phase and / or frequency of the first current.

15. The terminal antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that, One end of the second radiator is provided with a third electrical connection point, which is configured as a power supply point; When the terminal antenna is working, a first feed signal is input to the first radiator through the feed point of the first radiator, and a second feed signal is input to the second radiator through the third electrical connection point; The phase of the first feed signal is earlier than the phase of the second feed signal.

16. The terminal antenna according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized in that, The electrical length of the second radiator is set according to half the wavelength of the operating frequency band of the terminal antenna.

17. The terminal antenna according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The electrical length of the first radiator is set according to 1 / 4 wavelength of the operating frequency band of the terminal antenna.

18. The terminal antenna according to any one of claims 1-17, characterized in that, The operating frequency band of the terminal antenna includes the satellite communication frequency band.

19. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a terminal antenna as described in any one of claims 1-18.

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