The organic carbon composite fertilizer using rice HUSK as main raw material

Abstract

The invention relates to an organic carbon composite fertilizer using rice husk as main raw material. The organic carbon composite fertilizer of the present invention includes water-soluble low molecular organic acid ammonium including fulvic acid ammonium, water-soluble organic matters consisted of complexes of various organic and inorganic matters, and natural plant growth hormone, auxin. The organic carbon composite fertilizer of the present invention is prepared by reaction of ammonia water and incomplete decomposition gas of rice husk.

Description

[0001] THE ORGANIC CARBON COMPOSITE FERTILIZER USING RICE HUSK AS MAIN RAW MATERIAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates to an organic carbon composite fertilizer, further relates to an organic carbon composite fertilizer using rice husk as main raw material.

[0003] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0004] So far, most of the agricultural waste materials including rice husk have been burned outdoors, resulting in environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions and, furthermore, waste of good organic carbon sources.

[0005] With the promotion of green organic farming in the world, organic fertilizers made from agricultural waste materials as raw material are also being developed, especially with the recent recognition of the importance of carbon fertilizers, organic carbon liquid fertilizers made from organic waste water are being developed and applied.

[0006] In DPR Korea, too, the ashes fertilizer, which is gathered in the flues of a Korean hypocaust, and various organic fertilizers developed based on the ashes fertilizers have been used in agriculture. The ashes fertilizer is a homemade organic carbon solid fertilizer of which the main ingredient is macromolecular potassium humate which is made through the process that the acidic gas (mainly the macromolecular humic acid like high molecular weight tar) cooled and condensed by heat exchange of a Korean hypocaust is neutralized by the sublimated potassium, and then crumbled and sunk. The potassium humate, the main ingredient of the ashes fertilizer increases humus content of soil, supplements the organic nutrition and the potassium to the crops. Besides, the ashes fertilizer rich in various macro- and microelements not only supplements essential minerals indispensable for the growth of crops sufficiently but also improves the physical and chemical structure and composition of soil in favour of agricultural production. The disadvantage of the traditional ash fertilizers is that they have little water-soluble organic carbon and their production is uneconomical.

[0007] The patents “Method and apparatus for producing homemade manure by carbonation” (KP 72329) and “Apparatus for producing homemade manure bycarbonation” (KP 79123) were disclosed. All of the methods disclosed in the above prior arts are that dissolve human or animal manure in water at the content of 2-10%, absorb the decomposition gas of rice husk and straw into its solution and adjust the pH of the solution to 5.5 to 6. The drawback is that the homemade fertilizers have a certain efficiency of organic fertilizer, but the content of effective carbon is very low and it is impossible to condense the fertilizer because only the amount of smoke generated by the combustion of 10kg of rice husk can be absorbed into 1 m3of the solution with the content of 2-10% of human manure in it.

[0008] In conclusion, it is impossible to industrialize the production and produce the organic carbon composite fertilizer with high efficacy by the prior arts because the raw materials are not provided industrially and the concentration of active ingredients is low and the size of molecular cluster of active ingredients is large. In addition, the presence of plant growth hormone, auxin was not reported in the fertilizers of the prior arts.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to disclose an organic carbon composite fertilizer with high contents of effective carbon (EC) and auxin using rice husk as main raw material.

[0010] SUMMARY

[0011] The organic carbon composite fertilizer of the present invention includes water-soluble low molecular organic acid ammonium including fulvic acid ammonium, water-soluble organic matters consisted of complexes of various organic and inorganic matters, and natural plant growth hormone, auxin.

[0012] The organic carbon composite fertilizer of the present invention is prepared by reaction of ammonia water and incomplete decomposition gas of rice husk. Ammonia water is added to the reaction tank with a certain amount of water in it to adjust the pH to more than 13. The gas generated from the incomplete combustion of rice husk in the decomposition furnace is then added to the reaction tank with stirring to result in neutralization reaction. As a result, the molecular organic acid ammonium (the sizes of molecular clusters are less than 800nm) is formed.

[0013] [R]— H+NH|0H->[R]— NH4+H2O (R: organic acid groups including phenolic acid group)In addition, non-reactive organic substances and inorganic substances including phosphorus and potassium in the decomposition gas form stable complexes in the reaction solution. Also, when the lipids in rice husk are evaporated by heat, the coevaporated small molecular aromatic proteins are decomposed by ammonia into the aromatic amino acid, tryptophan in the reaction solution. Tryptophan is further oxidized into indoleacetic acid by organic acids including acetic acid, contained in the decomposition gas. Therefore, auxin, a natural plant growth hormone, is also present in the reaction solution. The ammonia water should be continuously added to maintain the pH at more than 13 as the pH drops during the reaction. At the end of the reaction, the pH should be reduced to 9 by continuously absorbing the decomposition gas into the reaction solution without further adding ammonia water.

[0014] The advantages of the organic carbon composite fertilizer of the present invention are as follow:

[0015] - The sizes of the molecular clusters of organic carbon are less than 800nm so that the fertilizer is easily absorbed into the plant through the roots.

[0016] - It is very effective on the crops growth because it has various organic and inorganic nutriments, and especially high content of effective carbon (EC) and the natural plant growth hormone, auxin.

[0017] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] The organic carbon composite fertilizer using rice husk as main raw material according to the present invention is described below in detail. As the embodiment is an optimum example of the present invention, it does not restrict the invention, any change carried out within the scope of the present invention shall be included in the protected scope of the invention.

[0019] The organic carbon composite fertilizer of the present invention includes water- soluble low molecular organic acid ammonium including fulvic acid ammonium, water-soluble organic matters consisted of complexes of various organic and inorganic matters, and natural plant growth hormone, auxin.

[0020] The organic carbon composite fertilizer of the present invention is prepared by reaction of ammonia water and incomplete decomposition gas of rice husk. Ammoniawater (18%) is added to the reaction tank with 1000L of water in it to adjust the pH to more than 13. The gas generated from the incomplete combustion of 200kg of rice husk in the decomposition furnace is then added to the reaction tank with stirring to result in neutralization reaction. The ammonia water should be continuously added to maintain the pH at more than 13 as the pH drops during the reaction. After 100kg of ammonia water (18%) is added to the reaction tank, the pH should be reduced to 9 by continuously absorbing the decomposition gas into the reaction solution without further adding ammonia water. The preparation is finished by stirring for 30 minutes without further suppling the decomposition gas. The content of Effective Carbon (EC) in the embodiment of the organic carbon composite fertilizer is 2.7%.

[0021] The physicochemical properties of the embodiment of the organic carbon composite fertilizer are shown in Table 1.

[0022] Table 1

[0023] Item unit property 1 Effective Carbon (EC) % 2.7 2 Auxin mg / L ≥500 3 Nitrogen (N) % 1.8 4 phosphorus (P2O5) % 1.8 5 Potassium (K2O) % 0.9 6 pH 9

[0024]

[0025] 7 Size of molecular clusters of organic carbon nm ≤800

[0026] 8 Appearance dark-red color 9 Solubility % 100

[0027] EXAMPLES

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Effects of the organic carbon composite fertilizer on paddy rice Table 2

[0030]

[0031] Yield (t / ha) Average

[0032]

[0033] Trial Site 1 Trial Site 2 Trial Site 3 Trial Site 4 w ^y Control 5.4 5.55 5.7 5.9 5.64 100 Trial 8.4 8.5 9.07 9.15 8.78 155.6 Control: Ammonium sulfate fertilizer 450kg and manure 15t are applied to soil per hectare. Trial: the organic carbon composite fertilizer 700kg is applied to soil and its 15-fold diluted solution 300kg is applied 4 times to leaves per hectare.

[0034] As shown in table 2, the yield of trial was significantly increased compared with control in paddy rice production.Example 2

[0035] Effects of the organic carbon composite fertilizer on maze

[0036] Table 3

[0037] „., „ Number of...... „. Increased Yield Height (cm), Yield (t / ha)

[0038] leaves (%) Control 200 14.5 5.4 100 Trial 220 16 8.4 155 Control: Ammonium sulfate fertilizer 450kg and manure 15t are applied to soil per hectare. Trial: the organic carbon composite fertilizer 700kg is applied to soil and its 15-fold diluted solution 300kg is applied 3 times to leaves per hectare.

[0039] As shown in table 3, the yield of trial was significantly increased compared with control in maze production.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. An organic carbon composite fertilizer of the present invention includes water- soluble low molecular organic acid ammonium including fulvic acid ammonium, water-soluble organic matters consisted of complexes of various organic and inorganic matters, and natural plant growth hormone, auxin.

2. The organic carbon composite fertilizer of claim 1 is prepared by reaction of am monia water and incomplete decomposition gas of rice husk.

3. The process for preparation of the organic carbon composite fertilizer of claim 2, wherein the Ammonia water is added to the reaction tank with a certain amount of water in it to adjust the pH to more than 13.

4. The process for preparation of the organic carbon composite fertilizer of claim 2, wherein the ammonia water should be continuously added to maintain the pH at more than 13 as the pH drops during the reaction.

5. The process for preparation of the organic carbon composite fertilizer of claim 2, wherein at the end of the reaction, the pH should be reduced to 9 by continuously absorbing the decomposition gas into the reaction solution without further adding ammonia water.

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