Glass assembly having antenna

Abstract

This glass assembly having an antenna comprises: a first glass substrate; a second glass substrate; a first dielectric substrate disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate; a first antenna pattern disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric substrate and formed of a transparent material or an opaque material; a second antenna pattern disposed on a second surface of the first dielectric substrate and formed of a transparent material or an opaque material; a second dielectric substrate disposed on the second glass substrate and having a metal surface on a surface facing the second antenna pattern; and a third dielectric substrate having ground patterns and a feed line.

Description

Glass assembly equipped with an antenna

[0001] This specification relates to a glass assembly having an antenna. A specific embodiment relates to a glass assembly having an antenna operating in circular polarization.

[0002] A vehicle can perform wireless communication services with other vehicles, surrounding objects, infrastructure, or base stations. In this regard, various communication services can be provided through a wireless communication system equipped with LTE communication technology or 5G communication technology. Meanwhile, a portion of the LTE frequency band may be allocated to provide 5G communication services. Additionally, a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antenna configured to perform satellite communication may be installed in the vehicle.

[0003] Since the antenna must be directed toward the satellite and receive signals from any angle, the location where the antenna is attached may be a car body made of injection-molded material that is not glass or metal with a gentle angle.

[0004] In this regard, a ceramic patch antenna within a shark fin antenna structure may be used. However, due to limited space constraints, additional antenna expansion is not easily possible with a shark fin antenna structure. Additionally, since the shark fin antenna structure must be installed by drilling a hole in the roof of the vehicle, it may result in design impediments.

[0005] Meanwhile, a radiation pattern of an antenna with semi-sphere circular polarization for receiving satellite signals must be implemented. Since satellite signals must be received from any direction, a radiation pattern with wide coverage is required. In relation to the field of view (FoV), a beam coverage of ±75 degrees may be required. Circular polarization (CP) is required due to the diffraction characteristics of satellite signals, and the axial ratio is an important factor in the CP gain.

[0006] Meanwhile, there is a need for an ultra-thin circular polarization antenna for implementation on a film or transparent substrate. In this regard, to attach the antenna to a vehicle body excluding glass or metal, it is necessary to implement the antenna on a thin flexible or transparent substrate. Conventional antennas achieve low-elevation performance based on the height between the antenna and the ground plane. However, there is an issue with ultra-thin antennas where it is difficult to achieve low-elevation performance because the antenna and the ground plane are located on nearly the same plane. Therefore, we propose a planar antenna structure capable of achieving low-elevation performance with a thin antenna that can be placed on vehicle glass.

[0007] The purpose of this specification is to provide a planar circular polarization antenna implemented on a substrate and a glass assembly having the same.

[0008] The purpose of this specification is to improve low-elevation radiation performance and to implement an omnidirectional hemispherical circularly polarized radiation pattern.

[0009] The purpose of this specification is to address the issue that it is difficult to achieve low elevation angle performance in ultra-thin antennas where the antenna and the ground plane are located on nearly the same plane.

[0010] The purpose of this specification is to provide a circularly polarized antenna for satellite communication applicable to double-bonded glass, such as a vehicle windshield, and a glass assembly equipped with the same.

[0011] The purpose of this specification is to provide a circularly polarized antenna that is made of a thin flexible FPCB and does not produce bubbles or cracks even when bonded between glass, and a glass assembly equipped with the same.

[0012] The purpose of this specification is to provide a circularly polarized antenna with a structure capable of overcoming the disadvantages of shark fin antennas, such as insufficient scalability and design impediments, and a glass assembly equipped with the same.

[0013] A glass assembly having an antenna according to the present specification comprises: a first glass substrate; a second glass substrate; a first dielectric substrate disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate; a first antenna pattern disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric substrate and formed of a transparent or opaque material; a second antenna pattern disposed on a second surface of the first dielectric substrate and formed of a transparent or opaque material; a second dielectric substrate disposed on the second glass substrate and having a metal surface on a surface facing the second antenna pattern; and a third dielectric substrate having ground patterns and feed lines. The first antenna pattern is formed at a position stacked in the thickness direction with a first region of the metal surface. The second antenna pattern is formed at a position stacked in the thickness direction with a second region of the metal surface. The first sides of the second region are formed on the outer edge of the first region, and the second sides of the second region form the outer surface of the second dielectric substrate.

[0014] According to an embodiment, the first antenna pattern and the second antenna pattern may be placed in an opaque area of ​​the front windshield of a vehicle. The first antenna pattern and the second antenna pattern may be formed from an opaque material of a filled metal pattern.

[0015] According to an embodiment, the first sides of the second region correspond to the first sides of the second antenna pattern, and the second sides of the second region may correspond to the second sides of the second antenna pattern. The first sides of the second antenna pattern may be formed to surround the first side boundary, the second side boundary, and the lower boundary of the first antenna pattern.

[0016] A glass assembly according to another aspect of the present specification comprises: a first glass substrate; a second glass substrate; a first dielectric substrate disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate; a first antenna pattern disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric substrate; a second antenna pattern disposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate and formed to surround three of four boundaries of the first antenna pattern; a second dielectric substrate disposed on the second glass substrate and having a metal surface on a surface facing the second antenna pattern; and a third dielectric substrate having ground patterns and feed lines. The first antenna pattern is formed at a position stacked in the thickness direction with a first region of the metal surface. The second antenna pattern is formed at a position stacked in the thickness direction with a second region of the metal surface. First sides of the second region are formed on the outer edge of the first region, and second sides of the second region form the outer surface of the second dielectric substrate.

[0017] The technical effects of a glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification may be summarized as follows, but are not limited thereto.

[0018] According to the present specification, a planar circular polarization antenna implemented on a substrate that can be disposed between glass substrates and a glass assembly having the same can be provided.

[0019] According to the present specification, by arranging a metal pattern of a ground wall structure, low elevation radiation performance can be improved and an omnidirectional hemispherical circular polarization radiation pattern can be realized.

[0020] According to the present specification, by arranging a metal pattern of a ground wall structure, the issue of difficulty in achieving low elevation angle performance in ultra-thin antennas where the antenna and the ground plane are located on almost the same plane can be resolved.

[0021] According to the present specification, by placing a metal pattern of a ground wall structure between glass substrates, a circularly polarized antenna for satellite communication applicable to double-bonded glass, such as the windshield of a vehicle, and a glass assembly having the same can be provided.

[0022] According to the present specification, a circular polarization antenna and a glass assembly equipped with the same can be provided, which are manufactured from a thin flexible FPCB and do not produce bubbles or cracks even when bonded between glass.

[0023] According to the present specification, a circularly polarized antenna structure and a glass assembly equipped with the same can be provided, which can overcome the disadvantages of a shark fin antenna, such as insufficient scalability and design impediment, through an antenna structure disposed between double-bonded glass.

[0024] Further scope of the applicability of this specification will become apparent from the following detailed description. However, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of this specification are clearly understood by those skilled in the art, specific embodiments, such as the detailed description and preferred embodiments of this specification, should be understood as being given merely as examples.

[0025] Figure 1 shows the structure of a vehicle and the structure of a front windshield in which a vehicle antenna module operating with circular polarization can be placed on the front windshield, rear windshield, or top windshield of the vehicle.

[0026] Figure 2 shows multiple frequency bands in relation to the SDARS / SXM antenna.

[0027] Figure 3 shows the polarization characteristics in relation to the SDARS / SXM antenna.

[0028] FIG. 4 shows a side view of a glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification.

[0029] FIG. 5 shows the structure of metal patterns formed on the first and second surfaces of the first dielectric substrate of FIG. 4 and the structure of the second dielectric substrate.

[0030] Figure 6 shows a structure in which the first surface of the first dielectric substrate of Figure 5 and the second surface of the third dielectric substrate are combined.

[0031] FIGS. 7 to 9 show different antenna structures and radiation patterns in relation to a second antenna pattern operating to ground.

[0032] Figure 10 shows the reflection coefficient, axial ratio, and LHCP gain for the antenna configurations of the first structure, the second structure, and the third structure.

[0033] Figure 11 compares the radiation pattern of an antenna structure operating with circular polarization and the radiation pattern of a structure in which a reflector is placed on the back surface of an antenna operating with circular polarization.

[0034] FIG. 12 shows a side view of a glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification combined with a vehicle frame, and a change in performance depending on the presence or absence of a reflector.

[0035] FIG. 13 shows stacked structures of a first dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate sharing a dielectric of a flexible material.

[0036] FIG. 14 shows the structure of metal patterns formed on the first and second surfaces of the first dielectric substrate and the structure of the second dielectric substrate.

[0037] FIG. 15 shows a structure in which first and second antenna patterns are arranged on the same plane of a first dielectric substrate.

[0038] Hereinafter, embodiments disclosed in this specification will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Identical or similar components regardless of drawing symbols will be assigned the same reference number, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. The suffixes "module" and "part" used for components in the following description are assigned or used interchangeably solely for the ease of drafting the specification and do not inherently possess distinct meanings or roles. Furthermore, in describing embodiments disclosed in this specification, if it is determined that a detailed description of related prior art could obscure the essence of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, such detailed description will be omitted. Additionally, the attached drawings are intended only to facilitate understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this specification; the technical concept disclosed in this specification is not limited by the attached drawings, and it should be understood that they include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and technical scope of the present invention.

[0039] Terms including ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various components, but said components are not limited by said terms. These terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

[0040] When it is stated that one component is "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that while it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, there may also be other components in between. On the other hand, when it is stated that one component is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between.

[0041] A singular expression includes a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0042] In this application, terms such as “comprising” or “having” are intended to specify the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0043] The vehicle antenna described in this specification may be mounted on a vehicle. The configuration and operation according to the embodiments described in this specification may also be applied to a communication system mounted on a vehicle, i.e., a vehicle antenna. In this regard, a vehicle antenna mounted on a vehicle may include a plurality of antennas, a transceiver circuit and a processor that control them.

[0044] Hereinafter, an antenna assembly (antenna module) that can be disposed on a window of a vehicle according to the present specification and a vehicle antenna including the antenna assembly are described. In this regard, the antenna assembly refers to a structure in which conductive patterns are combined on a dielectric substrate and may also be referred to as an antenna module.

[0045] In this regard, FIG. 1 shows the structure of a vehicle and the structure of a front windshield in which a vehicle antenna module operating with circular polarization can be placed on the front windshield, rear windshield, or top windshield of the vehicle.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 1(a), the vehicle (1) may include a front glass (310), a side glass (320), a rear glass (330), a quarter glass (340), and a top glass (350). A vehicle antenna may be placed on at least one of the front glass (310), the rear glass (330), or the top glass (350) of the vehicle (1). The front glass (310) may be formed with a two-layer bonded structure of approximately 5 to 5.5 mm. The front glass (310) may be formed with a two-layer bonded structure of glass / shatterproof film / glass. The rear glass (330) may be formed with a two-layer bonded structure of approximately 3.5 to 5.5 mm or a single-layer compressed glass. A heating element or an AM / FM antenna may be formed on the rear glass (330), and the transparent antenna needs to be spaced apart from the heating element or the AM / FM antenna by a predetermined distance or more.

[0047] An antenna assembly (1000) operating with circular polarization may be placed on the front glass (310), rear glass (330), or upper glass (350) of a vehicle (1). An antenna assembly (1000) operating with circular polarization may be placed on the front glass (310), rear glass (330), or upper glass (350) of a sedan-structured vehicle (1). Meanwhile, an antenna assembly (1000) operating with circular polarization may be placed on the front glass (310) or upper glass (350) of an SUV-structured vehicle. An antenna assembly (1000) formed on a transparent substrate may be formed as a transparent antenna structure. A portion of an antenna assembly (1000) formed on an opaque substrate may be formed as an opaque structure.

[0048] Referring to FIG. 1(b), an antenna assembly (1000) operating with circular polarization can be placed on a front glass (310). The antenna assembly (1000) can be placed in an opaque region (312) of the front glass (310). Considering the main beam direction of the radiation pattern for satellite communication, the antenna assembly (1000) can be placed in a black silk region of the opaque region (312). A portion of the antenna assembly (1000) can be placed in a frit region of the opaque region (312). In the black silk region of the opaque region (312), the width of the central region can be formed wider than the width of the side region. Thus, in a structure where the antenna assembly (1000) is placed in the central region of the front glass (310), the metal pattern of the first dielectric substrate (1010) can be implemented with an opaque material. Meanwhile, in a structure where the antenna assembly (1000) is placed in a side area of ​​the front glass (310), the metal pattern of the first dielectric substrate (1010) can be implemented with a transparent material.

[0049] An antenna assembly (1000) operating in circular polarization may be placed in an opaque region (12, 312) of double-bonded glass. A portion of the antenna assembly (1000) may be placed in a transparent region (11, 311) of double-bonded glass. The antenna assembly (1000) may include a first dielectric substrate (1010) and a third dielectric substrate (1030). The first dielectric substrate (1010) may be implemented as a transparent substrate and referred to as the transparent substrate (1010). The third dielectric substrate (1030) may be implemented as an opaque substrate (1030).

[0050] Hereinafter, an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification will be described. In this regard, FIG. 2 shows a plurality of frequency bands in relation to an SDARS / SXM antenna. FIG. 3 shows polarization characteristics in relation to an SDARS / SXM antenna.

[0051] Referring to FIG. 2, the vehicle antenna needs to support terrestrial, repeater-supported SDARS (Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service) to receive CD-quality radio in the vehicle via XM satellite. The frequency band in which the antenna operates may be configured to include 2320 to 2345 MHz. Of the 2320 to 2345 MHz frequency band, 2320 to 2332.5 MHz may be configured to support SDARS. Of the 2320 to 2345 MHz frequency band, 2332.5 to 2345 MHz may be configured to use XM satellite.

[0052] An antenna assembly implemented as an SDARS / SXM antenna can be configured to operate in a frequency band of 2320 to 2345 MHz. An antenna assembly implemented as an automotive SXM antenna can operate to have circular polarization. An antenna assembly can operate to have left-handed circular polarization (LHCP).

[0053] Referring to FIG. 3(a), the signal formed in the SDARS / SXM antenna can propagate in the z-axis direction. Referring to FIG. 3(a) to FIG. 3(c), the signal formed in the SDARS / SXM antenna can be formed to have circular polarization in which the electric field direction rotates on the x-axis and y-axis. Referring to FIG. 3(a) and FIG. 3(c), the signal formed in the vehicle GNSS antenna can be formed to propagate in the z-axis direction while having left-circular polarization (LHCP) on the x-axis and y-axis. The signal formed in the SDARS / SXM antenna can be expressed as Equation 1.

[0054]

[0055] A signal with left-circle polarization (LHCP) can have A=B in Equation 1 and a phase difference of -90 degrees. A signal with right-circle polarization (RHCP) can have A=B in Equation 1 and a phase difference of 90 degrees. The ratio of the maximum value (|E| max) and the minimum value (|E| min) of |E| in Equation 1 can be defined as the axial ratio (AR) as in Equation 2.

[0056]

[0057] Referring to Equations 1 and 2 and Fig. 3(d), if A and B have different values, the signal formed by the SDARS / SXM antenna can be configured to have elliptical polarization. The circularly polarized signal needs to be formed at a specific level, for example, 3 dB or 6 dB or less, in the ceiling direction of the plane where the SDARS / SXM antenna is placed. The antenna gain needs to be formed at a specific level, for example, -3 dBic or less, in the 45-degree range relative to 0 degrees in the ceiling direction.

[0058] A glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification is described. The antenna operating with circular polarization is intended for receiving satellite signals in a vehicle. Regarding satellite communication, the SXM communication service is a terrestrial, repeater-supported SDARS (Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service) used in the United States to receive CD-quality radio in a vehicle. The operating frequency band of the SXM communication service is 2320 to 2345 MHz, and the bandwidth is 25 MHz. The polarization for the SXM communication service is left-handed circular polarization (LHCP). The satellite communication antenna for the SXM communication service may be designed to satisfy a return loss of -10 dB or less. The satellite communication antenna for the SXM communication service may be designed to satisfy an axial ratio (AR) of 3 dB or less.

[0059] Meanwhile, satellite communication antennas are not limited to operating in the frequency band of SXM communication services such as SDARS. Satellite communication antennas may operate at 1164 to 1188 MHz in the L5 band and / or 1560 to 1605 MHz in the L1 band, which are the operating frequency bands for GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) services. The polarization of the satellite communication antenna for GNSS is right-handed circular polarization (RHCP).

[0060] In this regard, FIG. 4 shows a side view of a glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification. FIG. 5 shows the structure of metal patterns formed on the first and second surfaces of the first dielectric substrate of FIG. 4 and the structure of the second dielectric substrate. FIG. 6 shows a structure in which the first surface of the first dielectric substrate of FIG. 5 and the second surface of the third dielectric substrate are combined.

[0061] FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a glass assembly (100) in which an antenna assembly (1000) is formed, and area A of the glass assembly (100). Referring to FIG. 4, the glass assembly (100) may be configured to include a first glass substrate (10a), a second glass substrate (10b), a first dielectric substrate (1010), and a second dielectric substrate (1020). The first glass substrate (10a) and the second glass substrate (10b) may each constitute an outer glass and an inner glass. A first adhesive layer (20a) may be disposed between the first glass substrate (10a) and the first dielectric substrate (1010). A second adhesive layer (20b) may be disposed between the first dielectric substrate (1010) and the second glass substrate (10b). The first adhesive layer (20a) and the second adhesive layer (20b) can be formed of PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral Resin).

[0062] The glass assembly (100) may be configured to further include a third dielectric substrate (1030) on which a feed line is formed. A first end of the feed line formed on the third dielectric substrate (1030) may be electrically connected to a first antenna pattern (1100). A second end of the feed line formed on the third dielectric substrate (1030) may be electrically connected to a coaxial cable (110c).

[0063] A first antenna pattern (1100) and a second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed on a first dielectric substrate (1010). An antenna assembly (1000) may be configured to include the first antenna pattern (1100) and the second antenna pattern (1200). The first antenna pattern (1100) and the second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed on the same plane of the first dielectric substrate (1010) or on different planes. The second antenna pattern (1200) may be electrically connected to the ground patterns of the third dielectric substrate (1030). The second antenna pattern (1200) may operate as ground.

[0064] A metal surface (1200g) may be formed on the second dielectric substrate (1020). The metal surface (1200g) may be formed on a surface facing the second antenna pattern (1200). The metal surface (1200g) may be electrically connected to ground patterns. The metal surface (1200g) of the second dielectric substrate (1020) may function as a reflector that reflects wireless signals radiated from the first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200). The metal surface (1200g) may be implemented as a floating structure that is not electrically connected to ground.

[0065] FIG. 5(a) shows a plurality of conductive patterns formed on a first surface (1010S1) and a second surface (1010S) of a first dielectric substrate (1010) that is coupled with a third dielectric substrate (1030). FIG. 5(b) shows a metal surface (1200g) formed on a second dielectric substrate (1020). Referring to FIG. 5, the metal surface (1200g) may include a first region (1200R1) and a second region (1200R2). The first region (1200R1) may be formed to correspond to the shape of a first antenna pattern (1100). The second region (1200R2) may be formed to correspond to the shape of a second antenna pattern (1200). The second region (1200R2) may extend to the remaining area of ​​the metal surface (1200g) excluding the first region (1200R1).

[0066] FIG. 6(a) shows a structure in which the first surface (1010S1) of the first dielectric substrate (1010) and the first surface (1030S1) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) are combined. A feed line (1100f) may be formed on the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric substrate (1030). First and second ground patterns (1110g, 1120g) may be formed on both sides of the feed line (1100f) to form a CPW (co-planar waveguide) structure.

[0067] A second antenna pattern (1200) operating as ground may be disposed on a second surface (1010S2) of a first dielectric substrate (1010). The second antenna pattern (1200) may form a ground wall structure. The second antenna pattern (1200) may be configured to include a plurality of sub-patterns. The second antenna pattern (1200) may be configured to include a first sub-pattern (1210) to a fourth sub-pattern (1240).

[0068] FIG. 6(b) shows a second dielectric (1020) formed by a metal surface (1200g). A first region (1200R1) of the metal surface (1200g) in FIG. 6(b) may be formed to correspond to the shape of the first metal pattern (1100) in FIG. 6(a). A second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g) in FIG. 6(b) may be formed to correspond to the shape of the second metal pattern (1200) in FIG. 6(a). The outer boundary of the first region (1200R1) of the metal surface (1200g) may extend to the inner boundary of the second region (1200R2).

[0069] With reference to FIGS. 1, 4 to 6, a glass assembly (100) having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification is described. The glass assembly (100) may include a first glass substrate (10a), a second glass substrate (10b), a first dielectric substrate (1010), a second dielectric substrate (1020), a first antenna pattern (1100), and a second antenna pattern (1200). The glass assembly (100) may further include a third dielectric substrate (1030).

[0070] The first glass substrate (10a) and the second glass substrate (10b) may constitute the upper glass and lower glass of the glass assembly (100). A first dielectric substrate (1010) may be disposed between the first glass substrate (10a) and the second glass substrate (10b). A second dielectric substrate (1020) may be disposed on the second glass substrate (10b). A second dielectric substrate (1020) may be disposed on the second surface of the second glass substrate (10b).

[0071] A first antenna pattern (1100) may be disposed on a first surface (1010S1) of a first dielectric substrate (1010). The shape of the first antenna pattern (1100) is not limited to a square or rectangular shape. The shape of the first antenna pattern (1100) may be formed as a circular or polygonal shape. A second antenna pattern (1200) may be disposed on a second surface (1010S2) of the first dielectric substrate (1010). The second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed to surround three of the four boundaries of the first antenna pattern (1100). The inner boundaries of the second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed to correspond to the outer boundaries of the first antenna pattern (1100). The inner boundaries of the second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed as a straight line structure, a polygonal structure, or a circular structure.

[0072] The first antenna pattern (1100) may be formed from a transparent material or an opaque material. The second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed from a transparent material or an opaque material. The first antenna pattern (1100) and the second antenna pattern (1200) implemented with a transparent material may be formed as a metal mesh structure in which a plurality of metal lines are arranged in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0073] An antenna assembly (1000) may be placed in an opaque area (312) of the front windshield (310) of a vehicle. An antenna assembly (1000) may be placed in a black silk area of ​​the opaque area (312) of the front windshield (310) of a vehicle. Accordingly, the portions of the first antenna pattern (1100) and the second antenna pattern (1200) corresponding to the opaque area (312) may be formed of an opaque material. The first antenna pattern (1100) and the second antenna pattern (1200) formed of an opaque material may be formed of a metal pattern with an internally filled interior.

[0074] In this regard, the first antenna pattern (1100) and the second antenna pattern (1200) may be placed in the opaque area (312) of the front windshield (310) of the vehicle. The first antenna pattern (1100) and the second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed from an opaque material of a metal pattern with an internally filled interior.

[0075] The second dielectric substrate (1020) may have a metal surface (1200g) on ​​the surface facing the second antenna pattern (1200). The third dielectric substrate (1030) may have ground patterns (1100g) and a feed line (1100f).

[0076] The first antenna pattern (1100) can be formed at a location that is stacked in the thickness direction with the first region (1200R1) of the metal surface (1200g). The second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed at a location that is stacked in the thickness direction with the second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g).

[0077] The first sides of the second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g) may be formed on the outer edge of the first region (1200R1) of the metal surface (1200g). The second sides of the second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g) may form the outer surface of the second dielectric substrate (1020) of the metal surface (1200g).

[0078] The length (Lt) and width (Wt) of the metal surface (1200g) can be adjusted according to the first length (Lp) and first width (Wp) of the first antenna pattern (1100) of the first region (1200R1) and the size of the second antenna pattern (1100) formed by the ground wall. The pattern shape of the metal surface (1200g) can be adjusted according to the pattern shape of the first antenna pattern (1100) and the pattern shape of the second antenna pattern (1100).

[0079] The first sides of the second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g) may correspond to the first sides (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the second antenna pattern (1200). The second sides of the second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g) may correspond to the second sides (S5, S6) of the second antenna pattern (1200).

[0080] The second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed to surround three of the four boundaries (B1, B2, B3, B4) of the first antenna pattern (1100). The second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed to surround the first side boundary (B1), the second side boundary (B2), and the lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100). The first sides (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed to surround the first side boundary (B1), the second side boundary (B2), and the lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100).

[0081] The first side boundary (B1) and the second side boundary (B2) of the first antenna pattern (1100) can be formed spaced apart by a first interval (g1) from the first sides (S1, S2) of the second antenna pattern (1200). The lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100) can be formed spaced apart by a second interval (g2) from the first sides (S3, S4) of the second antenna pattern (1200).

[0082] The first interval (g1) can be formed to be greater than or equal to λc / 50 based on the center wavelength (λc) corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna's operating frequency band. The first interval (g1) can be formed in the range of λc / 50 to λc / 20 based on the center wavelength (λc). The second interval (g2) can be formed to be greater than or equal to λc / 50 based on the center wavelength (λc). The second interval (g2) can be formed in the range of λc / 50 to λc / 20 based on the center wavelength (λc).

[0083] The first sides of the second region (1200R2) corresponding to the first sides (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the second antenna pattern (1200) may be spaced apart from the boundaries of the first region (1200R1) by a first gap (g1). The second sides of the second region (1200R2) corresponding to the second sides (S5, S6) of the second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed extending to the side boundary of the second dielectric substrate (1020) or spaced apart from the side boundary by a predetermined gap.

[0084] The first antenna pattern (1100) may be configured to radiate a wireless signal having circular polarization. The pattern of the first antenna pattern (1100) may be formed with a first width (Wp) in the first axis direction and a first length (Lp) in the second axis direction perpendicular to the first axis. The first axis direction and the second axis direction may correspond to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, respectively. The first side boundary (B1) and the upper boundary (B4) of the first antenna pattern (1100) may be formed as corners from which a metal pattern is removed by a predetermined length (Sp) in the second axis direction and the first axis direction. The second side boundary (B2) and the lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100) may be formed as corners from which a metal pattern is removed by a predetermined length (Sp) in the second axis direction and the first axis direction.

[0085] The first antenna pattern (1100) can operate in left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) by means of corners from which the metal pattern is removed by a predetermined length (Sp). When corners from which the metal pattern is removed by a predetermined length (Sp) are placed at the second side boundary (B2) and the upper boundary (B4) and the first side boundary (B1) and the lower boundary (B3), the first antenna pattern (1100) operates in right-handed circular polarization (RHCP).

[0086] Meanwhile, the second antenna pattern (1200) can concentrate the radiation pattern formed through the first antenna pattern (1100) into a specific direction and area. To this end, the second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed to surround the first antenna pattern (1100).

[0087] Hereinafter, a radiation pattern according to the second antenna pattern (1120) operating as ground will be described. In this regard, FIGS. 7 to 9 show different antenna structures and radiation patterns in relation to the second antenna pattern operating as ground. The radiation patterns (RP1, RP2, RP3) of FIGS. 7 to 9 represent radiation patterns at 2340 MHz among the operating frequency bands of SDARS, which are 2320 to 2345 MHz.

[0088] FIG. 7(a) shows a first structure in which only the first antenna pattern (1100) is arranged without the second antenna pattern. FIG. 7(b) shows the first radiation pattern (RP1) and the first direction (D1) of the main beam for the first structure. Referring to FIG. 7, the first direction (D1) of the main beam of the first radiation pattern (RP1) can be tilted by a predetermined angle in the vertical direction by the metal structure of the vehicle.

[0089] FIG. 8(a) shows a second structure formed such that the second antenna pattern (1200a) surrounds all the boundaries of the first antenna pattern (1100). The second antenna pattern (1200a) can be implemented as a ground ring structure. FIG. 8(b) shows a second radiation pattern (RP2) and a second direction (D2) of the main beam for the second structure. Referring to FIG. 8, the second direction (D2) of the main beam of the second radiation pattern (RP2) can be formed in an almost vertical direction by the second antenna pattern (1200a) of the ground ring structure.

[0090] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the second radiation pattern (RP2) is concentrated in a specific area compared to the first radiation pattern (RP1) by the second antenna pattern (1200a) of the ground ring structure, thereby having more directivity. Additionally, the second direction (D2) of the second radiation pattern (RP2) is moved toward the front of the vehicle compared to the first direction (D1) of the first radiation pattern (RP1).

[0091] FIG. 9(a) shows a third structure formed such that a second antenna pattern (1200) surrounds three portions of the boundaries of a first antenna pattern (1100). For example, the second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed to surround the first side boundary (B1), the second side boundary (B2), and the lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100). FIG. 9(b) shows a third radiation pattern (RP3) and a third direction (D3) of the main beam for the third structure.

[0092] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 9, the third direction (D3) of the third radiation pattern (RP3) is shifted toward the front of the vehicle relative to the first direction (D1) of the first radiation pattern (RP1) by the second antenna pattern (1200) of the ground wall structure. Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, the third radiation pattern (RP3) and the third direction (D3) can be formed in almost the same direction as the second direction (D2) of the second radiation pattern (RP2). In this regard, interference between the metal structure of the vehicle and the first antenna pattern (1100) can be reduced by the ground ring structure or the ground wall structure.

[0093] Meanwhile, the third radiation pattern (RP3) of the second antenna pattern (1200) of the ground wall structure has an omni-directional radiation pattern compared to the second radiation pattern (RP2) of the second antenna pattern (1100) of the ground ring structure. The third radiation pattern (RP3) of the second antenna pattern (1200) improves antenna performance, such as antenna efficiency and gain, compared to the second radiation pattern (RP2) of the second antenna pattern (1100).

[0094] In this regard, an omnidirectional radiation pattern with wide coverage for receiving satellite signals can be formed by the second antenna pattern (1200). The omnidirectional radiation pattern can be implemented to have a Field of View (FoV) of about ±75 degrees or more.

[0095] Meanwhile, circular polarization (CP) suitable for each satellite can be implemented through the structure of the first antenna pattern (1100). Through the first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200), CP gain and axial ratio performance according to the elevation angle relative to 0 degrees can be satisfied. In this regard, a metal surface acting as a reflector to secure radiation performance in the low elevation region relative to 0 degrees needs to be placed. In addition, the antenna assembly operating with circular polarization according to the present specification can be designed as an FPCB type circular polarization antenna for in-glass application. An FPCB type antenna of 0.5 mm or less can be implemented for attachment between the first and second glass substrates.

[0096] In this regard, FIG. 10 shows the reflection coefficient, axial ratio, and LHCP gain for antenna configurations of the first structure, the second structure, and the third structure. Referring to FIG. 10(a), the SXM (SDARS) antenna operates in the frequency band of 2.32 to 2.345 GHz. In the antenna of the first structure of FIG. 4(a), the reflection coefficient (S11) has a value greater than -10 dBic due to the structure of the vehicle's metal material, resulting in degraded antenna performance. In the antennas of the second structure of FIG. 5(a) and the third structure of FIG. 6(a), the degree of performance degradation of the reflection coefficient (S11) is reduced depending on the ground ring or ground wall structure.

[0097] Referring to FIG. 10(b), the antenna of the third structure of FIG. 6(a) maintains circular polarization performance by having an axial ratio of 3 dB or less within a 30-degree range relative to 0 degrees in the vertical direction of the vehicle's front windshield. The antenna of the first structure of FIG. 4(a) and the antenna of the second structure of FIG. 5(b) have an axial ratio of 6 dB or more within a 30-degree range relative to 0 degrees, resulting in reduced circular polarization performance.

[0098] In this regard, the circular polarization performance of the antenna of the first structure in FIG. 4(a) is degraded by the structure of the vehicle metal material. The antenna of the second structure in FIG. 5(b) has an increased RHCP component due to the second antenna pattern (1200a) of the closed-loop structure. Therefore, as the LHCP component of the first antenna pattern (1100) and the RHCP component of the second antenna pattern (1200a) are canceled out, the circular polarization performance is degraded.

[0099] On the other hand, in the antenna of the third structure of FIG. 6(a), the first and second currents on the first side and the second side of the second antenna pattern (1200) of the open-loop structure are formed in the same direction. Therefore, the main radiation component of the LHCP component by the first antenna pattern (1100) is not canceled out by the second antenna pattern (1200). In addition, the current component of the upper boundary (B4) corresponding to the main radiation edge of the first antenna pattern (1100) is not canceled out by the current component of the second antenna pattern (1200). Therefore, the axial ratio of the antenna of the third structure of FIG. 6(a) has a value of 3dB or less, so that circular polarization performance can be maintained.

[0100] Referring to FIG. 10(c), the antenna of the third structure of FIG. 6(a) has an LHCP gain of 6 dBic or more within a 10-degree range relative to 0 degrees, thereby improving antenna performance such as antenna efficiency and gain. On the other hand, as the axial ratio performance of the antenna of the second structure of FIG. 5(a) deteriorates, the LHCP gain within a 10-degree range relative to 0 degrees decreases to a value of 4 dBic or less. As the axial ratio performance of the antenna of the first structure of FIG. 4(a) deteriorates due to the vehicle metal material structure, the LHCP gain within a 10-degree range relative to 0 degrees decreases to a value of 4 dBic or less.

[0101] With reference to FIGS. 4 through 6, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, a glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification is described. A second antenna pattern (1200) may be configured to surround the boundaries of a first antenna pattern (1100). The second antenna pattern (1200) may be configured to surround three portions of the boundaries of the first antenna pattern (1100). The second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed to surround the first side boundary (B1), the second side boundary (B2), and the lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100). For feeding efficiency, the second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed to surround the lower boundary (B3) adjacent to the feeding pattern (1100f), rather than the upper boundary (B4) of the first antenna pattern (1100).

[0102] The second antenna pattern (1200) may be configured to include a plurality of sub-patterns. The second antenna pattern (1200) may be configured to include a first sub-pattern (1210), a second sub-pattern (1220), a third sub-pattern (1230), and a fourth sub-pattern (1240).

[0103] The first ground pattern (1210g) of the ground patterns (1200g) and the first sub-pattern (1210) can be connected. The second ground pattern (1220g) of the ground patterns (1200g) and the second sub-pattern (1220) can be connected. The second sub-pattern (1220) can be formed symmetrically with respect to the first sub-pattern (1210). The second sub-pattern (1220) can be formed symmetrically with respect to the first sub-pattern (1210) with respect to the second axis, the Y-axis. The first sub-pattern (1210) and the second sub-pattern (1220) can be formed with a second width (W2) and a second length (L2) in the first axis direction and the second axis direction.

[0104] The third sub-pattern (1230) can be connected to the first sub-pattern (1210). The third sub-pattern (1230) can be formed with a third width (W3) in the first axial direction and a third length (L3) longer than the first length (Lp) in the second axial direction. The fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be formed symmetrically with respect to the third sub-pattern (1230). The fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be formed symmetrically with respect to the third sub-pattern (1230) with respect to the second axis, the Y-axis. The fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be connected to the second sub-pattern (1220). The fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be formed with a third width (W3) in the first axial direction and a third length (L3) longer than the first length (Lp) in the second axial direction.

[0105] The first length (Lp) and first width (Wp) of the first antenna pattern (1100) can be formed to be λc / 4 or less based on the center wavelength (λc) corresponding to the center frequency. The predetermined length (Sp) of the corner from which the metal pattern is removed in the first antenna pattern (1100) can be formed to be within a predetermined range based on λc / 20.

[0106] The second length (L2) of the second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed to be λc / 10 or less. The second length (L2) of the second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed in the range of λc / 20 to λc / 10. The third width (W3) of the second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed to be λc / 10 or less. The third width (W3) of the second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed in the range of λc / 20 to λc / 10. The second length (L2) of the second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed to be smaller than the third width (W3) of the second antenna pattern (1200). Thus, the length of the transition structure between the CPW structure of the feed line (1100f) and the radiation structure of the antenna can be minimized.

[0107] The third sub-pattern (1230) can be designed with an optimal shape to optimize antenna performance in the portion connected to the first sub-pattern (1210). The fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be designed with an optimal shape to optimize antenna performance in the portion connected to the second sub-pattern (1220). The third sub-pattern (1230) and the fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be formed to have slot regions from which the metal pattern has been removed.

[0108] The third sub-pattern (1230) may be configured to include a first metal pattern (MP1), a first slot region (SR1), and a second slot region (SR2). The first metal pattern (MP1) may be formed with a third length (L3) in the second axial direction. The first slot region (SR1) may be formed as a dielectric region from which the first metal pattern (MP1) has been removed, with a fourth length (L4) that is longer than the second length (L2) of the first sub-pattern (1210). The second slot region (SR2) may be connected to the first slot region (SR1). The second slot region (SR2) may be formed as a dielectric region from which the first metal pattern (MP1) has been removed, with a fifth length (L5) that is shorter than the second length (L2) of the first sub-pattern (1210).

[0109] The fourth sub-pattern (1240) may be formed symmetrically with respect to the third sub-pattern (1230) with respect to the second axis, the Y-axis. The fourth sub-pattern (1240) may be configured to include a second metal pattern (MP2), a third slot region (SR3), and a fourth slot region (SR4). The second metal pattern (MP2) may be formed with a third length (L3) in the direction of the second axis. The third slot region (SR3) may be formed as a dielectric region from which the second metal pattern (MP2) has been removed, with a fourth length (L4) that is longer than the second length (L2) of the first sub-pattern (1210). The fourth slot region (SR4) may be connected to the third slot region (SR3). The fourth slot region (SR4) may be formed as a dielectric region from which the second metal pattern (MP2) has been removed, with a fifth length (L5) that is shorter than the second length (L2) of the first sub-pattern (1210).

[0110] The first slot area (SR1) and the second slot area (SR2) can be formed with a fourth width (W4) and a fifth width (W5) in the first axial direction. The sum of the fourth width (W4) of the first slot area (SR1) and the fifth width (W5) of the second slot area (SR2) can be formed to be narrower than the third width (W3) of the third sub-pattern (1230). Accordingly, the third sub-pattern (1230) can be connected to the first sub-pattern (1210).

[0111] The third slot area (SR3) and the fourth slot area (SR4) can be formed with a fourth width (W4) and a fifth width (W5) in the first axial direction. The sum of the fourth width (W4) of the third slot area (SR3) and the fifth width (W5) of the fourth slot area (SR4) can be formed to be narrower than the third width (W3) of the fourth sub-pattern (1240). Accordingly, the fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be connected to the second sub-pattern (1220). Thus, the second antenna pattern (1200) can be configured to surround three parts of the boundaries of the first antenna pattern (1100). The second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed to surround the first side boundary (B1), the second side boundary (B2), and the lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100).

[0112] Meanwhile, the first antenna pattern (1100) can be electrically connected to the feed line (1100f) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) to apply a signal. In this regard, the first antenna pattern (1100) may further include a feed pattern (FP) connected to the lower boundary (B3). The feed pattern (FP) may be formed so as to protrude a predetermined length in the second axial direction from the lower boundary (B3).

[0113] The first surface (1030S1) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) can be combined with the first surface (1010S1) of the first dielectric substrate (1010). The second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) can be combined with the second surface (1010S2) of the first dielectric substrate (1010). Feed lines (1100f) and ground patterns (1100g) can be formed on the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric substrate (1030).

[0114] The feed line (1100f) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) may be formed with a sixth width (W6) in the first axial direction. The ends of the feed line (1100f) may be formed with a seventh width (W7) that is wider than the sixth width (W6) in the first axis. The first end of the feed line (1100f) may be connected to the feed pattern (FP) of the first antenna pattern (1100) through a via hole (1100v). The second end of the feed line (1100f) may be connected to a coaxial cable (110c).

[0115] Meanwhile, the antenna performance according to the presence or absence of a reflector or ground in a glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification is described. In this regard, FIG. 11 compares the radiation pattern of an antenna structure operating with circular polarization and the radiation pattern of a structure in which a reflector is disposed on the back surface of an antenna operating with circular polarization.

[0116] Referring to FIGS. 4 to 11(a), the radiation pattern (RPa) of the antenna structure having first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200) is formed in the outer region (Ro) of the vehicle and the inner region (Ri) of the vehicle. Accordingly, an unnecessary radiation pattern is formed in the second region (R2), which is the inner region of the vehicle.

[0117] Referring to FIGS. 4 through 6 and FIG. 11(b), the radiation pattern (RP) of an antenna assembly (1000) comprising first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200) and a metal surface (1200g) is formed in an external area (Ro) of the vehicle. Accordingly, the formation of an unnecessary radiation pattern is suppressed due to the reflection of radio waves by the metal surface (1200g) or ground structure acting as a reflector. Accordingly, the directivity and gain of the antenna structure can be improved by the reflector or ground formed in the first area (1200R1) where the first antenna pattern (1100) is placed and the second area (1200R2) surrounding the first area (1200R1).

[0118] FIG. 12 is a side view of a glass assembly equipped with a circularly polarized antenna according to the present specification combined with a vehicle frame and shows the change in performance depending on the presence or absence of a reflector. FIG. 12(a) shows a side view of a glass assembly equipped with a circularly polarized antenna combined with a vehicle frame. FIG. 12(b) is a graph comparing the LHCP gain of a circularly polarized antenna depending on the presence or absence of a reflector.

[0119] Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 12(a), the glass panel (10) may be joined to or attached to the frame (9) of the vehicle and may cover an opening (9h) of the frame (9). For example, the glass panel (10) may be glass of the vehicle (1), such as a front window glass (310), a side window glass (320), a rear window glass (330), a quarter window glass (340), or an upper glass (350).

[0120] Referring to FIGS. 4 through 6 and FIG. 12(a), the groove (9g) of the frame (9) may extend along the edge of the glass panel (10) and define the boundary of the opening (9h). For example, the frame (9) may be made of a metal material, and a sealant (7) may be filled between the groove (9g) and the glass panel (10). The groove (9g) may be formed to have a step with respect to the inner boundary of the frame (9). A glass panel (10) having an opaque area (12) formed in the groove (9g) formed to have a step with respect to the inner end of the frame (9) may be placed therein. As the glass panel (10) is placed in the groove (9g), the step with respect to the groove (9g) may be considered non-existent from the outside of the vehicle.

[0121] The antenna assembly (1000) may be located on one side of the glass panel (10) or inside the glass panel (10). The antenna assembly (1000) may be transparent. The antenna assembly (1000) may be made of a flexible material.

[0122] At least a portion of an antenna assembly (1000) operating in circular polarization, having first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200), may be disposed in the opaque region (12) of the glass panel (10). A third dielectric substrate (1030), such as a flexible circuit board, may be formed in the opaque region (12) of the glass panel (10). The coaxial cable (110c) may include a signal line (111c) in an inner region, a ground (112c) in an outer region, and a dielectric region (111d) formed between the signal line (111c) and the ground (112c). The signal line (111c) of the coaxial cable (110c) may be connected to a feed line and a soldering structure (112s). The signal line (111c) of the coaxial cable (110c) can be electrically connected to the antenna (1000) of the first region (1100a) through a soldering structure (112s).

[0123] An antenna assembly (1000) may be placed in a transparent area (11) of a glass panel (10). A remaining portion of an antenna assembly (1000) operating in circular polarization, having first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200), may be placed in a transparent area (11) of the glass panel (10). A metal surface (1200g) may be formed in the first and second areas (1200R1, 1200R2) where the first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200) are placed, which acts as a reflector.

[0124] Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, (i) the antenna gain of an antenna assembly having first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200) without a reflector has a value of -1 dBic or less with respect to 0 degrees. (ii) the antenna gain of an antenna assembly having a metal surface (1200g) acting as a reflector and first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200) has a value of 6 dBic or more with respect to 0 degrees. In this regard, the component radiated into the interior region (Ri) of the vehicle by the metal surface (1200g) acting as a reflector can be reflected to the exterior region (Ro) of the vehicle. Accordingly,

[0125] Meanwhile, in a glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification, the first dielectric substrate (1010) and the third dielectric substrate (1030) may be formed integrally. The third dielectric substrate (1030) may be implemented as a flexible substrate. In this regard, FIG. 13 shows stacked structures of the first dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate sharing a dielectric of a flexible material.

[0126] Referring to FIG. 13(a), the first dielectric substrate (1010) and the third dielectric substrate (1030) may be configured to share a third dielectric layer (DL3) of a flexible material. The first dielectric substrate (1010) may include a first dielectric layer (DL1), a third dielectric layer (DL3), a first antenna pattern (1100) and a second antenna pattern (1200) disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric layer (DL1) and a second surface of the second dielectric layer (DL1). By forming the thickness between the first antenna pattern (1100) and the second antenna pattern (1200) to be thicker than the thickness of the third dielectric substrate (1030), performance improvement related to antenna bandwidth is possible.

[0127] Referring to FIG. 13(b), the first dielectric substrate (1010) and the third dielectric substrate (1030) may be configured to share a third dielectric layer (DL3) of a flexible material. The first dielectric substrate (1010) may include a first dielectric layer (DL1), a third dielectric layer (DL3), a fourth dielectric layer (DL4), a first antenna pattern (1100) and a second antenna pattern (1200) disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric layer (DL1) and a second surface of the fourth dielectric layer (DL4).

[0128] The thickness between the first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200) of FIG. 13(b) can be formed to be thicker than the thickness between the first and second antenna patterns (1100, 1200) of FIG. 13(a) to further improve antenna bandwidth-related performance. The thickness of the third dielectric substrate (1030) implemented as a feed structure can be implemented to be less than a predetermined thickness to reduce feed loss. Additionally, by placing the third dielectric substrate (1030) implemented as a feed structure on the side of the glass panel, it is possible to implement a glass assembly with a compact structure.

[0129] With reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 and FIG. 13, stacked structures of a first dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate sharing a dielectric of a flexible material are described. The third dielectric substrate (1030) may include a third dielectric layer (DL3), a feed line (1100f), a third ground pattern (1130f), and a fourth ground pattern (1140f).

[0130] A feed line (1100f) may be placed on the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric layer (DL3). A first ground pattern (1110g) and a second ground pattern (1120g) may be placed on the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric layer (DL3). A third ground pattern (1130g) and a fourth ground pattern (1140g) may be placed on the first surface (1030S1) of the third dielectric layer (DL3).

[0131] The first dielectric substrate (1010) may include a third dielectric layer (DL3), a first dielectric layer (DL1), a first antenna pattern (1100), and a second antenna pattern (1200). The first dielectric layer (DL1) may be disposed on a first surface (1030S1) of the third dielectric layer (DL3). The first antenna pattern (1100) may be disposed on a first surface (1010S1) of the first dielectric layer (DL1). The second antenna pattern (1200) may be disposed on a second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric layer (DL3) or on a second surface (1040S2) of the fourth dielectric layer (DL4). The fourth dielectric layer (DL4) may be disposed on a second surface (1030S2) of the dielectric layer (DL3).

[0132] Meanwhile, the third dielectric substrate (1030) may be composed of a grounded co-planar waveguide (GCPW) with ground patterns formed on both sides. The third dielectric substrate (1030) composed of the GCPW may form a feeding structure (FS). A bending portion (BP) may be formed in the feeding structure (FS). The bending portion (BP) of the feeding structure (FS) may be coupled to a side of one of the first and second glass substrates (10a, 10b).

[0133] The first end of the feed line (1100f) formed between the first and second sub-patterns (1210, 1220) may be composed of a CPW having a ground pattern formed on one side. The first end of the feed line (1100f) composed of a CPW may form a second part (FS2) of the feed structure.

[0134] The first surface (1030S1) and the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) may correspond to the first surface (1030S1) and the second surface (1030S2) of the first dielectric substrate (1010), respectively. A first ground pattern (1110g) and a second ground pattern (1120g) may be formed on the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric substrate (1030). A third ground pattern (1130g) and a fourth ground pattern (1140g) may be formed on the first surface (1030S1) of the third dielectric substrate (1030).

[0135] A third dielectric substrate (1030) connected to a second antenna pattern (1200) can form a grounded co-planar waveguide (GCPW) structure with ground patterns formed on both sides. The second antenna pattern (1200) can form a co-planar waveguide (CPW) structure with ground patterns of a first sub-pattern (1210) and a second sub-pattern (1220) formed on one side.

[0136] Meanwhile, the first and second antenna patterns of a glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification may be arranged on the same plane. In this regard, FIG. 14 shows the structure of metal patterns formed on the first and second surfaces of a first dielectric substrate and the structure of a second dielectric substrate. FIG. 15 shows a structure in which the first and second antenna patterns are arranged on the same plane of a first dielectric substrate.

[0137] With reference to FIGS. 4, 14 and 15, a glass assembly (100) having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification is described. The glass assembly (100) may include a first glass substrate (10a), a second glass substrate (10b), a first dielectric substrate (1010), a second dielectric substrate (1020), a first antenna pattern (1100), and a second antenna pattern (1200). The glass assembly (100) may further include a third dielectric substrate (1030).

[0138] The first glass substrate (10a) and the second glass substrate (10b) may constitute the upper glass and lower glass of the glass assembly (100). A first dielectric substrate (1010) may be disposed between the first glass substrate (10a) and the second glass substrate (10b). A second dielectric substrate (1020) may be disposed on the second glass substrate (10b). A second dielectric substrate (1020) may be disposed on the second surface of the second glass substrate (10b).

[0139] A first antenna pattern (1100) may be disposed on a first surface (1010S1) of a first dielectric substrate (1010). A second antenna pattern (1200) may be disposed on a first surface (1010S1) of the first dielectric substrate (1010). The first antenna pattern (1100) and the second antenna pattern (1200) may be disposed on the same plane. In this regard, the first antenna pattern (1100) and the second antenna pattern (1200) are not limited to a structure disposed on the first surface (1010S1) of the first dielectric substrate (1010) and may also be disposed on a second surface (1010S2) of the first dielectric substrate (1010).

[0140] The second dielectric substrate (1020) may have a metal surface (1200g) on ​​the surface facing the second antenna pattern (1200). The third dielectric substrate (1030) may have ground patterns (1100g) and a feed line (1100f).

[0141] The first antenna pattern (1100) can be formed at a location that is stacked in the thickness direction with the first region (1200R1) of the metal surface (1200g). The second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed at a location that is stacked in the thickness direction with the second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g).

[0142] The first sides of the second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g) may be formed on the outer edge of the first region (1200R1) of the metal surface (1200g). The second sides of the second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g) may form the outer surface of the second dielectric substrate (1020) of the metal surface (1200g).

[0143] The first sides of the second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g) may correspond to the first sides (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the second antenna pattern (1200). The second sides of the second region (1200R2) of the metal surface (1200g) may correspond to the second sides (S5, S6) of the second antenna pattern (1200).

[0144] The second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed on the same plane as the first antenna pattern (1100) to surround three of the four boundaries (B1, B2, B3, B4) of the first antenna pattern (1100). The second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed to surround the first side boundary (B1), the second side boundary (B2), and the lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100). The first sides (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed to surround the first side boundary (B1), the second side boundary (B2), and the lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100).

[0145] The first side boundary (B1) and the second side boundary (B2) of the first antenna pattern (1100) can be formed spaced apart by a first interval (g1) from the first sides (S1, S2) of the second antenna pattern (1200). The lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100) can be formed spaced apart by a second interval (g2) from the first sides (S3, S4) of the second antenna pattern (1200).

[0146] The first interval (g1) can be formed to be greater than or equal to λc / 50 based on the center wavelength (λc) corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna's operating frequency band. The first interval (g1) can be formed in the range of λc / 50 to λc / 20 based on the center wavelength (λc). The second interval (g2) can be formed to be greater than or equal to λc / 50 based on the center wavelength (λc). The second interval (g2) can be formed in the range of λc / 50 to λc / 20 based on the center wavelength (λc).

[0147] The first sides of the second region (1200R2) corresponding to the first sides (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the second antenna pattern (1200) may be spaced apart from the boundaries of the first region (1200R1) by a first gap (g1). The second sides of the second region (1200R2) corresponding to the second sides (S5, S6) of the second antenna pattern (1200) may be formed extending to the side boundary of the second dielectric substrate (1020) or spaced apart from the side boundary by a predetermined gap.

[0148] The first antenna pattern (1100) may be configured to radiate a wireless signal having circular polarization. The pattern of the first antenna pattern (1100) may be formed with a first width (Wp) in the first axis direction and a first length (Lp) in the second axis direction perpendicular to the first axis. The first axis direction and the second axis direction may correspond to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, respectively. The first side boundary (B1) and the upper boundary (B4) of the first antenna pattern (1100) may be formed as corners from which a metal pattern is removed by a predetermined length (Sp) in the second axis direction and the first axis direction. The second side boundary (B2) and the lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100) may be formed as corners from which a metal pattern is removed by a predetermined length (Sp) in the second axis direction and the first axis direction.

[0149] The second antenna pattern (1200) may be configured to include a plurality of sub-patterns. The second antenna pattern (1200) may be configured to include a first sub-pattern (1210), a second sub-pattern (1220), a third sub-pattern (1230), and a fourth sub-pattern (1240).

[0150] The first ground pattern (1210g) of the ground patterns (1200g) and the first sub-pattern (1210) can be connected. The second ground pattern (1220g) of the ground patterns (1200g) and the second sub-pattern (1220) can be connected. The second sub-pattern (1220) can be formed symmetrically with respect to the first sub-pattern (1210). The second sub-pattern (1220) can be formed symmetrically with respect to the first sub-pattern (1210) with respect to the second axis, the Y-axis. The first sub-pattern (1210) and the second sub-pattern (1220) can be formed with a second width (W2) and a second length (L2) in the first axis direction and the second axis direction.

[0151] The third sub-pattern (1230) can be connected to the first sub-pattern (1210). The third sub-pattern (1230) can be formed with a third width (W3) in the first axial direction and a third length (L3) longer than the first length (Lp) in the second axial direction. The fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be formed symmetrically with respect to the third sub-pattern (1230). The fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be formed symmetrically with respect to the third sub-pattern (1230) with respect to the second axis, the Y-axis. The fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be connected to the second sub-pattern (1220). The fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be formed with a third width (W3) in the first axial direction and a third length (L3) longer than the first length (Lp) in the second axial direction.

[0152] The third sub-pattern (1230) can be designed with an optimal shape to optimize antenna performance in the portion connected to the first sub-pattern (1210). The fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be designed with an optimal shape to optimize antenna performance in the portion connected to the second sub-pattern (1220). The third sub-pattern (1230) and the fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be formed to have slot regions from which the metal pattern has been removed.

[0153] The third sub-pattern (1230) may be configured to include a first metal pattern (MP1), a first slot region (SR1), and a second slot region (SR2). The first metal pattern (MP1) may be formed with a third length (L3) in the second axial direction. The first slot region (SR1) may be formed as a dielectric region from which the first metal pattern (MP1) has been removed, with a fourth length (L4) that is longer than the second length (L2) of the first sub-pattern (1210). The second slot region (SR2) may be connected to the first slot region (SR1). The second slot region (SR2) may be formed as a dielectric region from which the first metal pattern (MP1) has been removed, with a fifth length (L5) that is shorter than the second length (L2) of the first sub-pattern (1210).

[0154] The fourth sub-pattern (1240) may be formed symmetrically with respect to the third sub-pattern (1230) with respect to the second axis, the Y-axis. The fourth sub-pattern (1240) may be configured to include a second metal pattern (MP2), a third slot region (SR3), and a fourth slot region (SR4). The second metal pattern (MP2) may be formed with a third length (L3) in the direction of the second axis. The third slot region (SR3) may be formed as a dielectric region from which the second metal pattern (MP2) has been removed, with a fourth length (L4) that is longer than the second length (L2) of the first sub-pattern (1210). The fourth slot region (SR4) may be connected to the third slot region (SR3). The fourth slot region (SR4) may be formed as a dielectric region from which the second metal pattern (MP2) has been removed, with a fifth length (L5) that is shorter than the second length (L2) of the first sub-pattern (1210).

[0155] The first slot area (SR1) and the second slot area (SR2) can be formed with a fourth width (W4) and a fifth width (W5) in the first axial direction. The sum of the fourth width (W4) of the first slot area (SR1) and the fifth width (W5) of the second slot area (SR2) can be formed to be narrower than the third width (W3) of the third sub-pattern (1230). Accordingly, the third sub-pattern (1230) can be connected to the first sub-pattern (1210).

[0156] The third slot area (SR3) and the fourth slot area (SR4) can be formed with a fourth width (W4) and a fifth width (W5) in the first axial direction. The sum of the fourth width (W4) of the third slot area (SR3) and the fifth width (W5) of the fourth slot area (SR4) can be formed to be narrower than the third width (W3) of the fourth sub-pattern (1240). Accordingly, the fourth sub-pattern (1240) can be connected to the second sub-pattern (1220). Thus, the second antenna pattern (1200) can be configured to surround three parts of the boundaries of the first antenna pattern (1100). The second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed to surround the first side boundary (B1), the second side boundary (B2), and the lower boundary (B3) of the first antenna pattern (1100).

[0157] Meanwhile, the first antenna pattern (1100) can be electrically connected to the feed line (1100f) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) to apply a signal. In this regard, the first antenna pattern (1100) may further include a feed pattern (FP) connected to the lower boundary (B3). The feed pattern (FP) may be formed so as to protrude a predetermined length in the second axial direction from the lower boundary (B3).

[0158] The first surface (1030S1) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) can be combined with the first surface (1010S1) of the first dielectric substrate (1010). The second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) can be combined with the second surface (1010S2) of the first dielectric substrate (1010). Feed lines (1100f) and ground patterns (1100g) can be formed on the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric substrate (1030).

[0159] The feed line (1100f) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) may be formed with a sixth width (W6) in the first axial direction. The ends of the feed line (1100f) may be formed with a seventh width (W7) that is wider than the sixth width (W6) in the first axis. The first end of the feed line (1100f) may be connected to the feed pattern (FP) of the first antenna pattern (1100) through a via hole (1100v). The second end of the feed line (1100f) may be connected to a coaxial cable (110c).

[0160] The third dielectric substrate (1030) having a feed line (1100f) formed thereon may include a third dielectric layer (DL3), a feed line (1100f), a third ground pattern (1130f), and a fourth ground pattern (1140f).

[0161] A feed line (1100f) may be placed on the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric layer (DL3). A first ground pattern (1110g) and a second ground pattern (1120g) may be placed on the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric layer (DL3). A third ground pattern (1130g) and a fourth ground pattern (1140g) may be placed on the first surface (1030S1) of the third dielectric layer (DL3).

[0162] The first dielectric substrate (1010) may include a third dielectric layer (DL3), a first dielectric layer (DL1), a first antenna pattern (1100), a via hole (1100v), and a second antenna pattern (1200). The first dielectric layer (DL1) may be disposed on a first surface (1030S1) of the third dielectric layer (DL3). The first antenna pattern (1100) may be disposed on a first surface (1010S1) of the first dielectric layer (DL1). A via hole (1100v) may be formed to vertically connect a first end of a feed line (1100f) and a feed pattern (FP) of the antenna pattern (1100). The second antenna pattern (1200) may be disposed on a second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric layer (DL3) or on a second surface (1040S2) of the fourth dielectric layer (DL4). The fourth dielectric layer (DL4) can be placed on the second surface (1030S2) of the dielectric layer (DL3).

[0163] Meanwhile, the third dielectric substrate (1030) may be composed of a grounded co-planar waveguide (GCPW) with ground patterns formed on both sides. The third dielectric substrate (1030) composed of the GCPW may form a first portion (FS1) of a feeding structure (FS). A bending portion (BP) may be formed in the first portion (FS1) of the feeding structure (FS). The bending portion (BP) of the feeding structure (FS) may be coupled to a side of one of the first and second glass substrates (10a, 10b).

[0164] The first surface (1030S1) and the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric substrate (1030) may correspond to the first surface (1030S1) and the second surface (1030S2) of the first dielectric substrate (1010), respectively. A first ground pattern (1110g) and a second ground pattern (1120g) may be formed on the second surface (1030S2) of the third dielectric substrate (1030). A third ground pattern (1130g) and a fourth ground pattern (1140g) may be formed on the first surface (1030S1) of the third dielectric substrate (1030).

[0165] A third dielectric substrate (1030) connected to a second antenna pattern (1200) can form a grounded co-planar waveguide (GCPW) structure with ground patterns formed on both sides. The second antenna pattern (1200) can form a co-planar waveguide (CPW) structure with ground patterns of a first sub-pattern (1210) and a second sub-pattern (1220) formed on one side.

[0166] The first length (Lp) and first width (Wp) of the first antenna pattern (1100) can be formed to be λc / 4 or less based on the center wavelength (λc) corresponding to the center frequency. The predetermined length (Sp) of the corner from which the metal pattern is removed in the first antenna pattern (1100) can be formed within a predetermined range based on λc / 20. The second length (L2) of the second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed to be λc / 10 or less. The third width (W3) of the second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed to be λc / 10 or less. The second length (L2) of the second antenna pattern (1200) can be formed to be smaller than the third width (W3) of the second antenna pattern (1200). Thus, the length of the transition structure between the CPW structure of the feed line (1100f) and the radiation structure of the antenna can be minimized.

[0167] The foregoing has described a glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification. The technical effects of the glass assembly having an antenna operating with circular polarization according to the present specification can be summarized as follows, but are not limited thereto.

[0168] According to the present specification, a planar circular polarization antenna implemented on a substrate that can be disposed between glass substrates and a glass assembly having the same can be provided.

[0169] According to the present specification, by arranging a metal pattern of a ground wall structure, low elevation radiation performance can be improved and an omnidirectional hemispherical circular polarization radiation pattern can be realized.

[0170] According to the present specification, by arranging a metal pattern of a ground wall structure, the issue of difficulty in achieving low elevation angle performance in ultra-thin antennas where the antenna and the ground plane are located on almost the same plane can be resolved.

[0171] According to the present specification, by placing a metal pattern of a ground wall structure between glass substrates, a circularly polarized antenna for satellite communication applicable to double-bonded glass, such as the windshield of a vehicle, and a glass assembly having the same can be provided.

[0172] According to the present specification, a circular polarization antenna and a glass assembly equipped with the same can be provided, which are manufactured from a thin flexible FPCB and do not produce bubbles or cracks even when bonded between glass.

[0173] According to the present specification, a circularly polarized antenna structure and a glass assembly equipped with the same can be provided, which can overcome the disadvantages of a shark fin antenna, such as insufficient scalability and design impediment, through an antenna structure disposed between double-bonded glass.

[0174] Further scopes of the applicability of this specification will become apparent from the following detailed description. However, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of this specification are clearly understood by those skilled in the art, specific embodiments, such as the detailed description and preferred embodiments of this specification, should be understood as being given merely as examples. Accordingly, the above detailed description should not be interpreted restrictively in all respects but should be considered exemplary. The scope of this specification shall be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the equivalent scope of this specification are included within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. In a glass assembly, First glass substrate; Second glass substrate; A first dielectric substrate disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate; A first antenna pattern disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric substrate and formed of a transparent or opaque material; A second antenna pattern disposed on a second surface of the first dielectric substrate and formed of a transparent or opaque material; A second dielectric substrate disposed on the second glass substrate and having a metal surface on the surface facing the second antenna pattern; and It includes a third dielectric substrate having ground patterns and feed lines, and The first antenna pattern is formed at a position that is stacked in the thickness direction with the first region of the metal surface, and The second antenna pattern is formed at a position that is stacked in the thickness direction with the second region of the metal surface, and The first sides of the second region are formed on the outer edge of the first region, and A glass assembly in which the second sides of the second region form the outer surface of the second dielectric substrate.

2. In Paragraph 1, The first antenna pattern and the second antenna pattern are placed in an opaque area of ​​the front windshield of the vehicle, and The first antenna pattern and the second antenna pattern are formed of an opaque material with a filled metal pattern, forming a glass assembly.

3. In Paragraph 1, The first sides of the second region correspond to the first sides of the second antenna pattern, and The second sides of the second region correspond to the second sides of the second antenna pattern, and The first sides of the second antenna pattern are formed to surround the first side boundary, the second side boundary, and the lower boundary of the first antenna pattern, and The first side boundary and the second side boundary of the first antenna pattern are formed spaced apart from the first sides of the second antenna pattern by a first interval, and A glass assembly formed such that the lower boundary of the first antenna pattern is spaced apart from the first side of the second antenna pattern by a second interval.

4. In Paragraph 3, The first antenna pattern is formed with a first width in the first axial direction and a first length in the second axial direction perpendicular to the first axis, and The first side boundary and the upper boundary of the first antenna pattern are formed as corners in which a metal pattern is removed for a predetermined length in the second axis direction and the first axis direction, and A glass assembly in which the second side boundary and the lower boundary of the first antenna pattern are formed as corners in which a metal pattern is removed for a predetermined length in the second axis direction and the first axis direction.

5. In Paragraph 4, The above second antenna pattern is, A first sub-pattern connected to the first ground pattern of the above ground patterns; A second sub-pattern connected to the second ground pattern of the above ground patterns and formed symmetrically with respect to the first sub-pattern; The first sub-pattern and the second sub-pattern are formed with a second width and a second length in the first axial direction and the second axial direction, and A third sub-pattern connected to the first sub-pattern and formed with a third width in the first axial direction and a third length longer than the first length in the second axial direction; and A glass assembly comprising a fourth sub-pattern connected to the second sub-pattern and formed with a third width in the first axial direction and a third length in the second axial direction.

6. In Paragraph 5, The above third sub-pattern is, A first metal pattern formed with the above third length; A first slot area in which the first metal pattern is removed to a fourth length longer than the second length of the first sub-pattern; It includes a second slot region connected to the first slot region and having a fifth length smaller than the second length, wherein the first metal pattern is removed. The above fourth sub-pattern is, A second metal pattern formed with the above third length; A third slot area in which the second metal pattern is removed to a fourth length longer than the second length of the first sub-pattern; A glass assembly comprising a fourth slot region connected to the third slot region and having a fifth length smaller than the second length in which the second metal pattern is removed.

7. In Paragraph 6, The first slot area and the second slot area are formed with a fourth width and a fifth width in the first axial direction, and the sum of the fourth width and the fifth width is formed to be narrower than the third width. A glass assembly in which the third slot region and the fourth slot region are formed with a fourth width and a fifth width in the first axial direction, and the sum of the fourth width and the fifth width is formed to be narrower than the third width.

8. In Paragraph 5, The first antenna pattern further includes a feed pattern connected to the lower boundary, and The above-mentioned power supply line is formed with a sixth width in the first axial direction, and the ends of the above-mentioned power supply line are formed with a seventh width in the first axial direction that is wider than the sixth width, and The first end of the above feed line is connected to the above feed pattern through a via hole, and The second end of the above-mentioned feeder line is a glass assembly connected to a coaxial cable.

9. In Paragraph 5, The above third dielectric substrate is, Third dielectric layer; The feed line disposed on the second surface of the third dielectric layer; and It includes a third ground pattern and a fourth ground pattern disposed on the first surface of the third dielectric layer, and The first dielectric substrate above is, The above third dielectric layer; A first dielectric layer disposed on the first surface of the third dielectric layer; The first antenna pattern disposed on the first surface of the first dielectric layer; A via hole formed to vertically connect the first end of the feed line and the first antenna pattern; and It includes the second antenna pattern disposed on the second surface of the third dielectric layer or the second surface of the fourth dielectric layer, and A glass assembly in which the fourth dielectric layer is disposed on the second surface of the third dielectric layer.

10. In Paragraph 5, The first surface and the second surface of the third dielectric substrate correspond to the first surface and the second surface of the first dielectric substrate, respectively, and A first ground pattern and a second ground pattern are formed on the second surface of the third dielectric substrate, and A third ground pattern and a fourth ground pattern are formed on the first surface of the third dielectric substrate, and The third dielectric substrate connected to the second antenna pattern forms a GCPW (Grounded co-planar waveguide) structure with ground patterns formed on both sides, and A glass assembly in which the second antenna pattern forms a CPW (Co-planar waveguide) structure in which ground patterns of the first sub-pattern and the second sub-pattern are formed on one surface.

11. In Paragraph 5, The first length and the first width of the first antenna pattern are formed to be λc / 4 or less based on the center wavelength (λc) corresponding to the center frequency, and The predetermined length of the edge from which the metal pattern is removed is formed within a predetermined range based on λc / 20, and The second length of the second antenna pattern is formed to be λc / 10 or less, and The third width of the second antenna pattern is formed to be λc / 10 or less, and A glass assembly in which the second length is formed to be smaller than the third width.

12. In a glass assembly, First glass substrate; Second glass substrate; A first dielectric substrate disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate; A first antenna pattern disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric substrate; A second antenna pattern disposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate and formed to surround three of the four boundaries of the first antenna pattern; A second dielectric substrate disposed on the second glass substrate and having a metal surface on the surface facing the second antenna pattern; and It includes a third dielectric substrate having ground patterns and feed lines, and The first antenna pattern is formed at a position that is stacked in the thickness direction with the first region of the metal surface, and The second antenna pattern is formed at a position that is stacked in the thickness direction with the second region of the metal surface, and The first sides of the second region are formed on the outer edge of the first region, and A glass assembly in which the second sides of the second region form the outer surface of the second dielectric substrate.

13. In Paragraph 12, The first sides of the second region correspond to the first sides of the second antenna pattern, and The second sides of the second region correspond to the second sides of the second antenna pattern, and A glass assembly in which the first sides of the second antenna pattern are formed to surround the first side boundary, the second side boundary, and the lower boundary of the first antenna pattern.

14. In Paragraph 12, The first side boundary and the second side boundary of the first antenna pattern are formed spaced apart from the first sides of the second antenna pattern by a first interval, and The lower boundary of the first antenna pattern is formed by being spaced apart from the first sides of the second antenna pattern by a second interval, and The above first interval is formed to be greater than or equal to λc / 50 based on the center wavelength (λc) corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna's operating frequency band, and A glass assembly in which the second gap is formed to be greater than or equal to λc / 50 based on the central wavelength (λc).

15. In Paragraph 13, The first antenna pattern is formed with a first width in the first axial direction and a first length in the second axial direction perpendicular to the first axis, and The first side boundary and the upper boundary of the first antenna pattern are formed as corners in which a metal pattern is removed for a predetermined length in the second axis direction and the first axis direction, and A glass assembly in which the second side boundary and the lower boundary of the first antenna pattern are formed as corners in which a metal pattern is removed for a predetermined length in the second axis direction and the first axis direction.

16. In Paragraph 15, The above second antenna pattern is, A first sub-pattern connected to the first ground pattern of the above ground patterns; A second sub-pattern connected to the second ground pattern of the above ground patterns and formed symmetrically with respect to the first sub-pattern; The first sub-pattern and the second sub-pattern are formed with a second width and a second length in the first axial direction and the second axial direction, and A third sub-pattern connected to the first sub-pattern and formed with a third width in the first axial direction and a third length longer than the first length in the second axial direction; and A glass assembly comprising a fourth sub-pattern connected to the second sub-pattern and formed with a third width in the first axial direction and a third length in the second axial direction.

17. In Paragraph 16, The above third sub-pattern is, A first metal pattern formed with the above third length; A first slot region in which the first metal pattern is removed to a fourth length longer than the second length of the first sub-pattern; and It includes a second slot region connected to the first slot region and having a fifth length smaller than the second length, wherein the first metal pattern is removed. The above fourth sub-pattern is, A second metal pattern formed with the above third length; A third slot region in which the second metal pattern is removed with a fourth length longer than the second length of the first sub-pattern; and It includes a fourth slot region connected to the third slot region and having a fifth length smaller than the second length in which the second metal pattern is removed, and The first slot area and the second slot area are formed with a fourth width and a fifth width in the first axial direction, and the sum of the fourth width and the fifth width is formed to be narrower than the third width. A glass assembly in which the third slot region and the fourth slot region are formed with a fourth width and a fifth width in the first axial direction, and the sum of the fourth width and the fifth width is formed to be narrower than the third width.

18. In Paragraph 16, The first antenna pattern further includes a feed pattern connected to the lower boundary, and The above-mentioned power supply line is formed with a sixth width in the first axial direction, and the ends of the above-mentioned power supply line are formed with a seventh width in the first axial direction that is wider than the sixth width, and The first end of the above feed line is connected to the above feed pattern through a via hole, and The second end of the above-mentioned power supply line is connected to a coaxial cable, and The above third dielectric substrate is, Third dielectric layer; The feed line disposed on the second surface of the third dielectric layer; and It includes a third ground pattern and a fourth ground pattern disposed on the first surface of the third dielectric layer, and The first dielectric substrate above is, The above third dielectric layer; A first dielectric layer disposed on the first surface of the third dielectric layer; The first antenna pattern disposed on the first surface of the first dielectric layer; A via hole formed to vertically connect the first end of the feed line and the first antenna pattern; and A glass assembly comprising the second antenna pattern disposed on the second surface of the third dielectric layer.

19. In Paragraph 16, The first surface and the second surface of the third dielectric substrate correspond to the first surface and the second surface of the first dielectric substrate, respectively, and A first ground pattern and a second ground pattern are formed on the second surface of the third dielectric substrate, and A third ground pattern and a fourth ground pattern are formed on the first surface of the third dielectric substrate, and A glass assembly in which the third dielectric substrate connected to the second antenna pattern forms a GCPW (Grounded co-planar waveguide) structure having ground patterns formed on both sides.

20. In Paragraph 16, The first length and the first width of the first antenna pattern are formed to be λc / 4 or less based on the center wavelength (λc) corresponding to the center frequency, and The predetermined length of the edge from which the metal pattern is removed in the first antenna pattern is formed within a predetermined range based on λc / 20, and The second length of the second antenna pattern is formed to be λc / 10 or less, and The third width of the second antenna pattern is formed to be λc / 10 or less, and A glass assembly in which the second length is formed to be smaller than the third width.

Images