Vegetable-oil-based acaricide, and preparation method therefor and use thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of mite control, and provides a vegetable-oil-based acaricide, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The provided vegetable-oil-based acaricide comprises 0.1-80 parts of a vegetable oil, 1-30 parts of an emulsifier, and 1-99 parts of a solvent. The vegetable oil is selected from any one or more of coriander oil, sandalwood oil, perilla seed oil, shea butter and castor oil. Also provided are a preparation method for the vegetable-oil-based acaricide and the use thereof.

Description

A plant oil acaricide, its preparation method and application Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of mite control technology, specifically relating to a plant oil acaricide, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Mites are a class of arthropods that cause serious damage to agriculture, horticulture, and other fields. In agricultural production, the carmine spider mite, the citrus red spider mite, and the two-spotted spider mite are among the most common and extremely damaging mites. The carmine spider mite widely infests various vegetable crops, such as tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers, feeding on the sap of the leaves. Initially, affected leaves show small yellowish-white spots. As the mites continue to feed and reproduce, these spots gradually enlarge and merge, causing the leaves to lose their green color, turn yellow, and eventually fall off in large quantities. This severely affects the photosynthesis and growth of vegetables, leading to a significant decrease in yield and quality. The citrus red spider mite mainly infests citrus fruit trees, including citrus leaves, young shoots, and fruits. After leaves are infested, the surface is covered with grayish-white chlorotic spots. In severe cases, the entire leaf turns grayish-white and hardens, falling off prematurely, causing a disastrous impact on citrus yield and fruit quality. Two-spotted spider mites have a wide host range, threatening not only agricultural crops but also various flowers, fruit trees, and cash crops. They cause yellow spots and scorching on plant leaves, poor flower development, and even wilting, severely damaging the ornamental and economic value of plants.

[0003] Mites are characterized by their rapid reproduction rate; under suitable temperature and humidity conditions, their populations can increase exponentially in a short period. Currently, chemical acaricides are one of the main methods for controlling mites. Commonly available chemical acaricides include organophosphates, pyrethroids, and pyridaben. While these acaricides have some acaricidal effect, long-term use can easily lead to severe drug resistance in mites. They also cause significant environmental pollution and pose a high toxicity risk to beneficial insects and mammals. Biological acaricide methods mainly involve using predatory mites and entomopathogenic fungi to control mite populations. However, in actual agricultural production environments, their survival and reproduction are limited by various factors, and it is often difficult to quickly control mite numbers during peak outbreaks. Physical control methods, such as high-temperature treatment and ultraviolet irradiation, have limitations in practical application. They are extremely difficult to implement in large areas of farmland and orchards, and may damage the plants themselves, and are also difficult to completely eliminate mites hidden on the undersides of leaves and inside plants. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new, highly efficient, and environmentally friendly acaricide to effectively combat mite infestations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the primary objective of this application is to provide a plant oil acaricide. In one embodiment, the plant oil acaricide, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 0.1 to 80 parts of plant oil, 1 to 30 parts of emulsifier, and 1 to 99 parts of solvent; wherein the plant oil is selected from any one or more of coriander oil, sandalwood oil, perilla seed oil, shea butter, and castor oil.

[0005] A second objective of this application is to provide a method for preparing a plant oil acaricide. In one embodiment, the preparation method includes the following steps: mixing the raw material components in a certain proportion to prepare a plant oil acaricide.

[0006] The third objective of this application is to provide an application of a plant oil acaricide in the preparation of products for the prevention and control of mites.

[0007] The fourth objective of this application is to provide a product for preventing and controlling mites, including the aforementioned plant oil acaricide.

[0008] The fifth objective of this application is to provide a method for controlling mites in the field. In one embodiment, the method includes the following steps: spraying the above-mentioned vegetable oil acaricide onto crops. Detailed Implementation

[0009] This application provides a plant oil acaricide, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 0.1-80 parts of plant oil, 1-30 parts of emulsifier, and 1-99 parts of solvent; preferably, the raw materials include: 30-60 parts of plant oil, 5-25 parts of emulsifier, and 3-65 parts of solvent; more preferably, the raw materials include: 40-50 parts of plant oil, 20 parts of emulsifier, and 40-50 parts of solvent.

[0010] The plant oils described in this application are selected from any one or more of the following: coriander oil, sandalwood oil, perilla seed oil, shea butter oil, and castor oil. This application may use any one of these plant oils as the active ingredient, or it may use a combination of two or more of these ingredients as the active ingredient. This application does not limit the proportions of these combinations.

[0011] The emulsifiers described in this application include any one or more of the following: polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymers, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, polyoxyethylene vinyl esters, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, sorbitol polyoxyethylene ethers, dehydrated sorbitol polyoxyethylene ethers, alkylphenol formaldehyde condensate polyoxyethylene ethers, sorbitol monooleate, fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfosuccinate, castor oil polyoxyethylene ethers, lignin sulfonates, naphthalene and alkylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates, carboxymethyl cellulose, polycarboxylate dispersants, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate condensate, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers. This application may select any one of these emulsifiers, or a combination of two or more of these components as emulsifiers; the proportions of these components are not limited in this application.

[0012] The solvents described in this application include organic and / or inorganic solvents; the organic solvents include any one or more of methyl oleate, xylene, cyclohexanone, solvent oil 150#, solvent oil 200#, and methylated soybean oil; the inorganic solvent is water. This application may choose any one of these solvents, or a combination of two or more components as an emulsifier. This application does not limit the proportions of the combinations; the specific solvent selection depends on the formulation of the prepared vegetable oil acaricide.

[0013] The plant oil acaricide described in this application further includes 1-99 parts of a co-surfactant and 1-20 parts of an antifreeze agent; the co-surfactant is preferably 2-80 parts, more preferably 5-10 parts; the antifreeze agent is preferably 2-15 parts, more preferably 5-10 parts.

[0014] The co-surfactants described in this application can be selected by those skilled in the art based on actual usage requirements. The co-surfactants can be nonionic or ionic. In some embodiments of this application, usable co-surfactants include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated castor oil, sodium lauryl sulfate, saponins, ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated fatty esters, alkoxylated diols, ethoxylated fatty acids, carboxylated alcohols, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, ethoxylated alkylphenols, fatty esters, sodium dodecyl sulfide, other fatty acid-based co-surfactants, other natural or synthetic co-surfactants, and combinations thereof. This application may select any one of these co-surfactants, or a combination of two or more components as co-surfactants; this application does not limit the proportion of the combinations. The antifreeze agents described in this application include, but are not limited to, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerol. Those skilled in the art will select appropriate co-surfactants based on relevant applications and usage conditions.

[0015] The formulation of the plant oil acaricide described in this application is any one of emulsifiable concentrate (EC), microemulsion (ME), and emulsion-water (EW). The formulation of the plant oil acaricide described in this application may also be any one of soluble powder (SP), soluble granules (SG), soluble concentrate (SL), dispersible liquid (DC), microcapsule suspension (CS), seed treatment liquid (LS), and aerosol (AE).

[0016] This application also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned plant oil acaricide, including the following steps: mixing the raw material components in proportion to prepare the plant oil acaricide.

[0017] When the formulation of the plant oil acaricide is an emulsifiable concentrate, the raw materials of the plant oil acaricide include plant oil, emulsifier and organic solvent, and the preparation method includes the following steps: mixing the plant oil, emulsifier and organic solvent evenly to obtain the product.

[0018] When the formulation of the plant oil acaricide is a microemulsion, the plant oil acaricide comprises plant oil, emulsifier, organic solvent, and water (inorganic solvent). The preparation method includes the following steps: stirring and mixing the plant oil, emulsifier, and organic solvent evenly to obtain an oil phase; while stirring, slowly adding water to the oil phase; after phase inversion, a microemulsion is obtained. When a co-surfactant and antifreeze are added to the microemulsion, the preparation method includes the following steps: stirring and mixing the plant oil, emulsifier, organic solvent, and co-surfactant evenly to obtain an oil phase; mixing water and antifreeze to obtain an aqueous phase; while stirring, slowly adding the aqueous phase to the oil phase; after phase inversion, a microemulsion is obtained.

[0019] When the formulation of the plant oil acaricide is a water-in-oil emulsion, the plant oil acaricide comprises plant oil, emulsifier, organic solvent, and water (inorganic solvent). The preparation method includes the following steps: mixing the plant oil, emulsifier, and organic solvent evenly to obtain an oil phase; while stirring, slowly adding water to the oil phase; turning on a high-speed shearing machine; and shearing evenly to obtain a water-in-oil emulsion. When a co-surfactant and antifreeze are added to the water-in-oil emulsion, the preparation method includes the following steps: mixing the plant oil, emulsifier, organic solvent, and co-surfactant evenly to obtain an oil phase; mixing water and antifreeze to obtain an aqueous phase; while stirring, slowly adding the aqueous phase to the oil phase; turning on a high-speed shearing machine; and shearing evenly to obtain a water-in-oil emulsion.

[0020] When the dosage form is different, those skilled in the art can prepare it according to conventional dosage form preparation methods.

[0021] This application also provides the application of the above-mentioned plant oil acaricide in the preparation of products for controlling mites, wherein the mites include *Tetranychus carmineus*, *Tetranychus citrus*, and *Tetranychus two-spotted*. The plant oil acaricide described in this application kills adult mites, nymphs, larvae, and mite eggs.

[0022] This application also provides a method for controlling mites in the field, comprising the following steps: spraying the above-mentioned plant oil acaricide onto crops. As an optional embodiment, this application involves evenly spraying the above-mentioned plant oil acaricide onto the crop parts to be controlled until small water droplets are formed. The crop parts to be controlled in this application include, but are not limited to, crop leaves, main branches, twigs, flowers, and fruits. This application does not apply other insecticides, fungicides, or acaricides during the control period. The mites mentioned in this application include the carmine spider mite, the citrus spider mite, and the two-spotted spider mite. The plant oil acaricide described in this application kills adult mites, nymphs, larvae, and mite eggs.

[0023] The plant oil acaricide described in this application can be sprayed directly or diluted with water before spraying. The dilution ratio is 1 to 2000 times, preferably 50 to 1000 times, and more preferably 100 to 600 times. This application allows for the selection of undiluted formulations or determination of the dilution ratio based on specific control efficacy.

[0024] The plant oil acaricide described in this application can be used to control spider mites and / or fine-toothed mites, and / or gall mites, and / or tarsiformes, and / or pygmy mites, and / or leaf claw mites, and / or carnivorous mites, and / or scabies mites, and / or flour mites, and / or dust mites. The pests mentioned include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: white pine spider mite, larch spider mite, carmine spider mite, white spider mite, white wax spider mite, camellia spider mite, cabbage spider mite, bean spider mite, broad mite, two-spotted spider mite, cinnabar spider mite, citrus spider mite, bamboo spider mite, long spider mite, fig spider mite, citrus spider mite, citrus parsnip spider mite, parsnip kauri spider mite, bamboo spider mite, Wuyi spider mite, bamboo-eating mites, Georgian spider mite, sharp-clawed spider mite, hawthorn spider mite, scabies mite, flour mite, and dust mite.

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of this application are as follows: This application provides a plant oil acaricide based on vegetable oil, which has a simple production process, low cost, high acaricidal effect, safety, and environmental friendliness. Through indoor experiments on killing eggs and adults, and field experiments, this application has demonstrated that the plant oil acaricide can effectively kill adult mites, nymphs, larvae, and eggs of *Tetranychus carmine*, *Tetranychus citrus*, and *Tetranychus two-spotted*, without causing environmental pollution.

[0026] The technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments therein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] In this specific embodiment, coriander oil and shea butter were purchased from Shaanxi Panier Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; sandalwood oil was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; perilla seed oil and castor oil were purchased from Jiangxi Xuesong Natural Medicinal Oil Co., Ltd.; soybean oil, litsea cubeba oil, peppermint oil, phellodendron bark oil, fennel oil, cinnamon oil, corn oil, turpentine oil, atractylodes macrocephala oil, black pepper oil, and wintergreen oil were purchased from Shaanxi Panier Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; flaxseed oil, grapeseed oil, wheat germ oil, palm oil, almond oil, rice bran oil, camphor oil, safflower seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, macadamia nut oil, and angelica dahurica oil were also purchased from Shaanxi Panier Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Eucalyptus oil, mustard oil, and sunflower seed oil were purchased from Jiangxi Xuesong Natural Medicinal Oil Co., Ltd.; sweet birch oil, spearmint oil, and nutmeg oil were purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; mineral oil (trade name: Lvying; manufacturer: Korea Hanyu Aisikai Yitesu Co., Ltd.) was purchased from Feixiang Agricultural Materials Official Store on Taobao; etoxazole (trade name: Baozhuo; manufacturer: Shenyang Kechuang Chemicals Co., Ltd.) was purchased from the Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongbao Lvnong Group Taobao store; spirodiclofen (trade name: Manwei; manufacturer: Yongnong Bioscience Co., Ltd.) was purchased from Feixiang Agricultural Materials Official Store on Taobao.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments are all conventional methods.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A plant oil acaricide, the raw materials are: 6g of plant oil, 2.5g of emulsifier, and 1.5g of solvent; the plant oil is coriander oil; the emulsifier is 2g castor oil polyoxyethylene ether EL-20 emulsifier + 0.5g calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; the solvent is ethanol.

[0032] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier, then add solvent to prepare vegetable oil acaricide.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A plant oil acaricide, the raw materials are: 6g of plant oil, 2.5g of emulsifier, and 1.5g of solvent; the plant oil is sandalwood oil; the emulsifier is 2g castor oil polyoxyethylene ether EL-20 emulsifier + 0.5g calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; the solvent is ethanol.

[0035] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier, then add solvent to prepare vegetable oil acaricide.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] A plant oil acaricide, the raw materials are: 6g of plant oil, 2.5g of emulsifier, and 1.5g of solvent; the plant oil is perilla seed oil; the emulsifier is 2g castor oil polyoxyethylene ether EL-20 emulsifier + 0.5g calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; the solvent is ethanol.

[0038] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier, then add solvent to prepare vegetable oil acaricide.

[0039] Example 4

[0040] A plant oil acaricide, the raw materials are: 6g of plant oil, 2.5g of emulsifier, and 1.5g of solvent; the plant oil is shea butter; the emulsifier is 2g castor oil polyoxyethylene ether EL-20 emulsifier + 0.5g calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; the solvent is ethanol.

[0041] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier, then add solvent to prepare vegetable oil acaricide.

[0042] Example 5

[0043] A plant oil acaricide, comprising: 6g of plant oil, 2.5g of emulsifier, and 1.5g of solvent; the plant oil is castor oil; the emulsifier is 2g castor oil polyoxyethylene ether EL-20 emulsifier + 0.5g calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; and the solvent is ethanol.

[0044] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier, then add solvent to prepare vegetable oil acaricide.

[0045] Example 6

[0046] A plant oil acaricide (emulsifiable concentrate), the raw materials are: 4g of plant oil, 2g of emulsifier, and 4g of solvent; the plant oil is castor oil; the emulsifier is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-09); and the solvent is methyl oleate.

[0047] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier, then add solvent to prepare vegetable oil acaricide.

[0048] Example 7

[0049] A plant oil acaricide (microemulsion) has the following raw materials: 4g of plant oil, 2g of emulsifier, and 4g of solvent; the plant oil is castor oil; the emulsifier is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-09); and the solvent is 1g ethanol + 3g water.

[0050] Preparation method: Vegetable oil, emulsifier and ethanol are stirred and mixed evenly to obtain an oil phase. While stirring, water is slowly added to the oil phase. After phase inversion is completed, a microemulsion is obtained.

[0051] Example 8

[0052] A plant oil acaricide (water-based emulsion) comprises: 4g of plant oil, 2g of emulsifier, and 4g of solvent; the plant oil is castor oil; the emulsifier is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-09); and the solvent is water.

[0053] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier evenly to obtain an oil phase. While stirring, slowly add water to the oil phase, turn on a high-speed shearing machine, and after shearing evenly, obtain a water emulsion.

[0054] Example 9

[0055] A plant oil acaricide (emulsifiable concentrate), the raw materials are: 6g of plant oil, 2.5g of emulsifier, and 1.5g of solvent; the plant oil is sandalwood oil; the emulsifier is sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether; and the solvent is methyl oleate.

[0056] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier, then add solvent to prepare vegetable oil acaricide.

[0057] Example 10

[0058] A plant oil acaricide (emulsifiable concentrate), the raw materials are: 5g of plant oil, 2g of emulsifier, and 3g of solvent; the plant oil is perilla seed oil; the emulsifier is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; and the solvent is methylated soybean oil.

[0059] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier, then add solvent to prepare vegetable oil acaricide.

[0060] Example 11

[0061] A plant oil acaricide (emulsifiable concentrate), the raw materials are: 6g plant oil, 3g emulsifier, 1g solvent; the plant oil is shea butter; the emulsifier is sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether; the solvent is solvent oil 150#.

[0062] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier, then add solvent to prepare vegetable oil acaricide.

[0063] Example 12

[0064] A plant oil acaricide (emulsifiable concentrate), the raw materials are: 5g of plant oil, 2.5g of emulsifier, and 2.5g of solvent; the plant oil is coriander oil; the emulsifier is lignin sulfonate; and the solvent is solvent oil 200#.

[0065] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier, then add solvent to prepare vegetable oil acaricide.

[0066] Example 13

[0067] A plant oil acaricide (microemulsion) has the following raw materials: 3g of plant oil, 1.5g of emulsifier, and 5.5g of solvent; the plant oil is coriander oil; the emulsifier is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; and the solvent is 1g ethanol + 4.5g water.

[0068] Preparation method: Vegetable oil, emulsifier and ethanol are stirred and mixed evenly to obtain an oil phase. While stirring, water is slowly added to the oil phase. After phase inversion is completed, a microemulsion is obtained.

[0069] Example 14

[0070] A plant oil acaricide (microemulsion) has the following raw materials: 3g of plant oil, 1.5g of emulsifier, and 5.5g of solvent; the plant oil is sandalwood oil; the emulsifier is tristyrene-phenylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; and the solvent is 0.5g ethanol + 5g water.

[0071] Preparation method: Vegetable oil, emulsifier and ethanol are stirred and mixed evenly to obtain an oil phase. While stirring, water is slowly added to the oil phase. After phase inversion is completed, a microemulsion is obtained.

[0072] Example 15

[0073] A plant oil acaricide (water-based emulsion) comprises: 4g of plant oil, 2g of emulsifier, and 4g of solvent; the plant oil is shea butter; the emulsifier is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-09); and the solvent is water.

[0074] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier evenly to obtain an oil phase. While stirring, slowly add water to the oil phase, turn on a high-speed shearing machine, and after shearing evenly, obtain a water emulsion.

[0075] Example 16

[0076] A plant oil acaricide (water-based emulsion) has the following raw materials: 4g of plant oil, 1.5g of emulsifier, and 4.5g of solvent; the plant oil is perilla seed oil; the emulsifier is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-09); and the solvent is water.

[0077] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil and emulsifier evenly to obtain an oil phase. While stirring, slowly add water to the oil phase, turn on a high-speed shearing machine, and after shearing evenly, obtain a water emulsion.

[0078] Example 17

[0079] A plant oil acaricide (microemulsion) comprises the following raw materials: 3g plant oil, 2g emulsifier, 0.2g co-surfactant, 0.5g antifreeze, and 4.3g solvent; the plant oil is perilla seed oil; the emulsifier is sodium tripolyphosphate; the co-surfactant is diacetone alcohol; the antifreeze is glycerol; and the solvent is 0.2g methyl oleate + 4.1g water.

[0080] Preparation method: Vegetable oil, emulsifier, co-surfactant and methyl oleate are stirred and mixed evenly to obtain an oil phase. Water and antifreeze are mixed to obtain an aqueous phase. While stirring, the aqueous phase is slowly added to the oil phase. After phase inversion is completed, a microemulsion is obtained.

[0081] Example 18

[0082] A plant oil acaricide (microemulsion) has the following raw materials: 3g plant oil, 1.5g emulsifier, 0.2g co-surfactant, 0.5g antifreeze agent, and 4.8g solvent; the plant oil is shea butter; the emulsifier is carboxymethyl cellulose; the co-surfactant is n-butanol; the antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol; and the solvent is 0.3g cyclohexanone + 4.5g water.

[0083] Preparation method: Vegetable oil, emulsifier, co-surfactant and cyclohexanone are stirred and mixed evenly to obtain an oil phase. Water and antifreeze are mixed to obtain an aqueous phase. While stirring, the aqueous phase is slowly added to the oil phase. After phase inversion is completed, a microemulsion is obtained.

[0084] Example 19

[0085] A plant oil acaricide (water-based emulsion) has the following raw materials: 4g plant oil, 2g emulsifier, 0.5g antifreeze, and 3.5g solvent; the plant oil is coriander oil; the emulsifier is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-09); the antifreeze is ethylene glycol; and the solvent is 0.2g solvent oil 150# + 3.3g water.

[0086] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil, emulsifier, and solvent oil 150# evenly to obtain an oil phase. Mix water and antifreeze to obtain an aqueous phase. While stirring, slowly add the aqueous phase to the oil phase. Turn on the high-speed shearing machine and shear evenly to obtain a water emulsion.

[0087] Example 20

[0088] A plant oil acaricide (water-based emulsion) has the following raw materials: 3g plant oil, 2g emulsifier, 0.5g antifreeze agent, and 4.5g solvent; the plant oil is sandalwood oil; the emulsifier is sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether; the antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol; and the solvent is 0.2g xylene + 4.3g water.

[0089] Preparation method: Mix vegetable oil, emulsifier, and xylene evenly to obtain an oil phase. Mix water and antifreeze to obtain an aqueous phase. While stirring, slowly add the aqueous phase to the oil phase. Turn on a high-speed shearing machine and shear evenly to obtain a water emulsion.

[0090] Experimental Example 1

[0091] Indoor acaricidal activity experiments of *Tetranychus cinnabarinus*, *Tetranychus citrus*, and *Tetranychus sanguinalis*:

[0092] 1. Preparation of test reagents:

[0093] The plant oil acaricides from Examples 1 to 5 were diluted 600 times with water.

[0094] The vegetable oils in Example 1 were replaced with soybean oil, sweet birch oil, spearmint oil, nutmeg oil, litsea cubeba oil, peppermint oil, cork tree bark oil, fennel oil, cinnamon oil, corn oil, turpentine oil, atractylodes macrocephala oil, black pepper oil, wintergreen oil, flaxseed oil, grapeseed oil, wheat germ oil, palm oil, almond oil, rice bran oil, camphor oil, safflower seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, macadamia nut oil, turpentine oil, eucalyptus oil, mustard oil, sunflower seed oil, and angelica dahurica oil to prepare vegetable oil acaricides. Each vegetable oil acaricide was diluted 600 times with water to serve as a control group for vegetable oil acaricides.

[0095] The vegetable oil in Example 1 was replaced with ethanol and diluted 600 times with water as a solvent control group.

[0096] Mineral oil ("Green Ying") was diluted 1000 times with water and used as a control group for mineral oil.

[0097] Ethoxamyl ("Baozhuo") was diluted 2000 times with water and used as the etoxamyl control group.

[0098] Water was used as a blank control group.

[0099] 2. Experimental method (slide immersion method):

[0100] (1) Sticking mites: Stick a 4cm long double-sided tape to one end of a glass slide. Use a small brush to gently pick up the mites and stick their backs to the tape. Be careful not to stick the mite legs, antennae and mouthparts. Stick at least 40 mites to each slide and arrange them neatly. Then put them into a clean petri dish, put filter paper in it, keep the filter paper moist, and cover the dish with the lid.

[0101] (2) Microscopic examination: After 2 hours, observe each insect with a stereomicroscope. If any are dead, remove them. If there are fewer than 40 insects, make up the number.

[0102] (3) Immersion: Immerse one end of the glass slide with healthy mites in the test reagent and gently shake the slide. After immersion for 5 seconds, remove the slide, absorb the excess reagent with absorbent paper, place the slide in a petri dish, let the reagent dry, cover the dish, and incubate at 25°C.

[0103] (4) Results Survey

[0104] After 24, 48, and 72 hours, the number of dead mites was investigated and recorded under a stereomicroscope. Mites were considered dead if they did not react when gently touched with a small brush.

[0105] The calculation method referenced the industry standard NY / T 1154.12-2008, the slide immersion method for spider mites. Based on the survey data, the control efficacy of each treatment group was calculated. The calculations were performed using the formula below, and all results were rounded to two decimal places. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.

[0106] Insect population reduction rate (%) = (Number of insects in the treatment group before treatment - Number of live insects in the treatment group after treatment) / Number of insects in the treatment group before treatment × 100;

[0107] Control effect (%) = (Pest population reduction rate in the treatment group - Pest population reduction rate in the control group) / (100 - Pest population reduction rate in the control group) × 100.

[0108] Table 1 Results of indoor acaricidal activity experiments on Tetranychus cinnabarinus.

[0109] Table 2 Results of indoor acaricidal activity against citrus red spider mites

[0110] Table 3 Results of indoor acaricidal activity experiments of Tetranychus two-spotted mites.

[0111] The results show that the plant oil acaricides prepared from coriander oil, sandalwood oil, perilla seed oil, shea butter oil, and castor oil are effective in killing adult spider mites, adult citrus red spider mites, and adult two-spotted spider mites. Their acaricidal effect is similar to that of etoxazole and significantly higher than that of mineral oil.

[0112] Experimental Example 2

[0113] Indoor ovicidal experiments with *Tetranychus cinnabarinus*, *Tetranychus citrus*, and *Tetranychus davidii*:

[0114] 1. Preparation of test reagents:

[0115] The plant oil acaricides from Examples 1 to 5 were diluted 1000 times with water.

[0116] Mineral oil (“Lvying”) was diluted 1600 times with water and used as a control group for mineral oil.

[0117] Spirodiclofen (“Mite Danger”) was diluted with water at 2000 times or 1500 times as a control group.

[0118] Water was used as a blank control group.

[0119] 2. Experimental methods:

[0120] (1) Preparation of leaf discs containing eggs: 20 female adult mites were transferred to leaf discs with a diameter of 2.0 cm (with moistened filter paper at the bottom), and then covered with a covered culture dish and cultured in a humid environment. The adult mites were removed within 36 hours, and the leaf discs containing eggs were examined and counted under a microscope.

[0121] (2) Egg count survey: Before soaking in the drug, the egg count of each leaf disc was investigated by microscopic examination, and each treatment was repeated twice.

[0122] (3) Immersion treatment: Immerse the leaf discs carrying mite eggs in the test agent for 10 seconds, remove them and keep them moist for incubation. Each treatment should be repeated at least twice.

[0123] (4) Cultivation and observation: The treated mite eggs and leaf discs were cultured under normal conditions. The hatching of the mite eggs was investigated 5-7 days after the treatment.

[0124] Note: After treatment, the temperature and humidity conditions of the constant temperature and humidity incubator should be carefully controlled to avoid excessive temperature differences, which could cause condensation to form in the dish and drip down, leading to abnormal death of the eggs due to water immersion; it is also necessary to ensure sufficient strong light in the environment, but not direct sunlight on the leaf surface.

[0125] (5) Results investigation: The experimental materials of each treatment group were regularly moisturized and the hatching of eggs was observed. The number of hatched eggs in each treatment group was recorded on the 7th day after the drug treatment, and the investigation results were recorded in the original record book.

[0126] Investigation indicators: Record the number of hatched eggs for each treatment; take photos to record whether leaf discs have been damaged by pesticides; record the developmental status of the mite eggs and the behavior of the nymphs, such as delayed or stopped development of mite eggs, difficulty in hatching of nymphs, or abnormal phenomena such as painful struggle after hatching.

[0127] Based on the survey data, the prevention efficacy was calculated using the following formula, and the results were rounded to two decimal places. The results are shown in Tables 4 to 6.

[0128] Egg hatching rate (%) = Number of hatched eggs / Total number of eggs processed × 100;

[0129] Control effect (%) = (hatching rate of eggs in control area - hatching rate of eggs in treatment area) / hatching rate of eggs in control area) × 100.

[0130] Table 4 Results of indoor egg-killing experiments on Tetranychus cinnabarinus.

[0131] Table 5. Results of indoor mite-killing experiments on citrus red spider mites.

[0132] Table 6 Results of indoor egg-killing experiments on Tetranychus bisporus.

[0133] The results show that the plant oil acaricides prepared from coriander oil, sandalwood oil, perilla seed oil, shea butter oil, and castor oil are effective in killing eggs of spider mites, citrus red spider mites, and two-spotted spider mites, and their killing effect is similar to that of spirodiclofen and mineral oil.

[0134] Experimental Example 3

[0135] Experiments on the killing effect of different formulations on adult mites and eggs:

[0136] 1. Preparation of test reagents:

[0137] The plant oil acaricides from Examples 6 to 8 were diluted 400 times and 800 times with water, respectively.

[0138] 2. The methods of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 were used to conduct experiments on the killing of adult mites and eggs by the agent. The results are shown in Table 7.

[0139] Table 7 Experimental results for different dosage forms

[0140] The results show that all three formulations have good control effects, but compared with emulsifiable concentrates, microemulsions and water-in-oil formulations have varying degrees of reduced control efficacy against adult mites and eggs, while emulsifiable concentrates have the best effect.

[0141] Test Example 4

[0142] Field experiment on citrus paronychia

[0143] The experiment was conducted on August 20, 2024, in Jinma Village, Pujiang County. One citrus tree was used for each treatment. Before application, five markers were randomly placed on each tree, and the population size of adult mites and nymphs at each marker was counted, with approximately 40-50 mites per marker. The entire leaf surface of each citrus tree was evenly sprayed until small water droplets formed. No other insecticides or fungicides were used during the experiment. Data were collected 1, 3, and 7 days after application, and the number of remaining live mites on the leaves was counted. The efficacy calculation formula is as follows:

[0144] Insect population reduction rate (%) = [(Insect population before treatment - Insect population after treatment) / Insect population before treatment] × 100;

[0145] Control efficacy (%) = (Pest population reduction rate in the treated area - Pest population reduction rate in the control area) / (1 - Pest population reduction rate in the control area) × 100.

[0146] Table 8 Results of field experiments

[0147] As shown in Table 8, the control effect of the pesticide diluted 100 times in Example 6 was comparable to that of the pesticide diluted 200 times with mineral oil 7 days after application. However, the control effect decreased significantly after dilution to 200 times, with a decrease of more than 10% compared to the control effect of the pesticide diluted 100 times 7 days after application. In the future, the effective concentration of the pesticide in plant oil or the dilution ratio can be increased to improve the control effect.

[0148] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A plant oil-based acaricide, characterized in that, The product comprises, by weight, the following raw materials: 0.1 to 80 parts vegetable oil, 1 to 30 parts emulsifier, and 1 to 99 parts solvent; wherein the vegetable oil is selected from any one or more of coriander oil, sandalwood oil, perilla seed oil, shea butter oil, and castor oil.

2. The plant oil acaricide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emulsifier includes any one or more of the following: polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene vinyl ester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, dehydrated sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol formaldehyde condensate polyoxyethylene ether, sorbitol monooleate, fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfosuccinate, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, lignin sulfonate, naphthalene and alkylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, carboxymethyl cellulose, polycarboxylate dispersants, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate condensate, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.

3. The plant oil acaricide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent includes organic solvents and / or inorganic solvents; the organic solvent includes any one or more of methyl oleate, xylene, cyclohexanone, solvent oil 150#, solvent oil 200#, and methylated soybean oil; the inorganic solvent is water.

4. The plant oil acaricide according to claims 1-3, characterized in that, The plant oil acaricide also includes 1-99 parts of co-surfactant and 1-20 parts of antifreeze agent.

5. The plant oil acaricide according to claim 4, characterized in that, The co-surfactant includes any one or more of the following: ethoxylated castor oil, sodium lauryl sulfate, saponins, ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated fatty esters, alkoxylated diols, ethoxylated fatty acids, carboxylated alcohols, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, ethoxylated alkylphenols, fatty esters, sodium dodecyl sulfide, other fatty acid-based co-surfactants, and other natural or synthetic co-surfactants.

6. The plant oil acaricide according to claim 4, characterized in that, The antifreeze agent includes any one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerol.

7. The plant oil acaricide according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The formulation of the plant oil acaricide is any one of emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsion, water-in-oil emulsion, soluble powder, soluble granules, soluble solution, dispersible liquid, microcapsule suspension, seed treatment liquid, and aerosol.

8. A method for preparing the plant oil acaricide according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The raw material components are mixed in proportion to prepare a plant oil acaricide.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the plant oil acaricide is an emulsifiable concentrate, the preparation method includes the following steps: mixing plant oil and emulsifier, then adding organic solvent, and mixing evenly to obtain the emulsifiable concentrate.

10. The use of the plant oil acaricide according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in the preparation of products for the prevention and control of mites.

11. A product for preventing and controlling mites, characterized in that, Includes the plant oil acaricide as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

12. A method for controlling mites in the field, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: spraying the plant oil acaricide according to any one of claims 1 to 7 onto the crop.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The plant oil acaricide is diluted 1 to 2000 times; the spraying sites include any one or more of the following: leaves, main branches, twigs, flowers, and fruits.

14. The application according to claim 10, the product according to claim 11, or the method according to any one of claims 12-13, characterized in that, The mites mentioned include *Tetranychus carmineus*, *Tetranychus citrus*, *Tetranychus two-spotted*, *Tetranychus sylvestris*, *Tetranychus larvae*, *Tetranychus carmineus*, *Tetranychus albopictus*, *Tetranychus scabra*, *Tetranychus cambodianus*, *Tetranychus caesarea*, *Tetranychus scabra*, *Tetranychus citrus*, *Tetranychus citrus*, *Tetranychus carinii*, *Tetranychus bambooii*, *Tetranychus wuyiensis*, *Tetranychus bambooii*, *Tetranychus david ...

15. The application according to claim 10, the product according to claim 11, or the method according to any one of claims 12-13, characterized in that, The plant oil acaricide kills adult mites, nymphs, larvae, and mite eggs.

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