Test method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a test method and an apparatus. The test method comprises: acquiring first information, the first information being used for indicating test requirements; and controlling the operation mode of a test device on the basis of the first information, such that the test device ejects a gas flow carrying sand particles toward a first surface of a test sample, the size of the sand particles being less than 1 mm. The test device comprises a first channel and a second channel, the first channel comprises a first inlet and a first outlet, and the second channel comprises a second inlet; the first channel is connected to the second channel, and the connection part of the first channel and the second channel is located between the first inlet and the first outlet on the first channel; and the first inlet is used for inputting gas, the second inlet is used for inputting the sand particles, and the test device is used for ejecting, by means of the first outlet, the gas flow carrying the sand particles. Embodiments of the present application can be applied to the testing of intelligent vehicles or new energy vehicles, and can efficiently evaluate at a low cost wind-sand erosion resistance performance of an apparatus to be tested.

Description

Test methods and apparatus Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent vehicles, and more specifically, to a testing method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In actual use, vehicles are frequently subjected to extreme temperatures, harsh environmental pollutants, and particulate matter. Taking particulate matter in the environment as an example, on the one hand, in countries or regions where dust storms and sandstorms are common (such as the Middle East, Central Asia, Mongolia, Australia, and Northwest China), particulate matter in dust storms not only causes air pollution, reduces visibility, and harms human health, but also causes impact, erosion, or abrasion effects on the surfaces of vehicles exposed to the environment. On the other hand, the windward surfaces or devices of vehicles are impacted by the sand and dust stirred up by vehicles ahead, which can affect their appearance and even performance.

[0003] How to efficiently assess the erosive effect of sand and dust on related equipment in a low-cost manner has become a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a testing method and apparatus that can efficiently evaluate the wind and sand erosion resistance of the device under test at a low cost.

[0005] Firstly, a testing method is provided. This method can be executed by the control device of the testing equipment, or by a component of the control device (such as a chip, processor, processing circuitry, etc.), or by a system equipped with the control device. In specific implementations, the control device of this testing equipment can be located within the testing equipment, or it can exist independently of the testing equipment.

[0006] The method includes: acquiring first information, which indicates testing requirements; and controlling the operation of a testing device according to the first information, so that the testing device emits an airflow carrying sand particles, the size of which is less than 1 mm, toward a first surface of the test sample. The testing device includes a first channel and a second channel; the first channel includes a first inlet and a first outlet, and the second channel includes a second inlet; the first channel and the second channel are connected, and the connection point between the first channel and the second channel is located on the first channel between the first inlet and the first outlet. The first inlet is used to input gas, the second inlet is used to input sand particles, and the testing device emits an airflow carrying sand particles through the first outlet.

[0007] Currently, specialized testing equipment is often used in tests assessing the erosive effects of sand and dust on devices. On the one hand, this specialized equipment is expensive, resulting in a limited number of testing facilities equipped with it. On the other hand, when operating this equipment, a wind field is created in a large space around the test piece to simulate the erosion of the test piece by wind and sand. In this method, a large number of sand particles move with the wind but do not impact the test piece, leading to low utilization of the sand particles' kinetic energy. For OEMs or parts suppliers, the number of testing facilities that can meet their testing needs is extremely limited, and these facilities charge high fees for sand blowing tests.

[0008] In this application, by controlling the operation of the testing equipment, an airflow carrying sand particles smaller than 1 mm is emitted towards the first surface of the test piece. This improves the utilization rate of the sand particles' kinetic energy and significantly reduces the testing time. Furthermore, the operating mode of this testing equipment is the same as that required for evaluating the sandblasting resistance of vehicle paint coatings, plastic products, and radiators. This greatly increases the number of testing institutions that can meet the requirements of this testing method for OEMs and component manufacturers, and these institutions charge lower fees for this testing method. Therefore, by using the above method, the cost and time required to evaluate the sandblasting resistance of the test piece are significantly reduced, enabling efficient evaluation of the sandblasting resistance of the test piece at a lower cost.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the first channel may include a plurality of pipe fittings connected in sequence. The plurality of pipe fittings may include a first pipe fitting disposed at one end of the first outlet in the first channel, and the first outlet may be formed by the outlet of the first pipe fitting; the outline of the outlet of the first pipe fitting may match the outer outline of the first surface.

[0010] In this application, when the outline of the outlet of the first pipe fitting matches the outer outline of the first surface, the sand particles ejected from the outlet of the first pipe fitting can impact the first surface of the test sample more evenly, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the test results of the wind and sand erosion resistance test.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the distance between the first outlet and the first surface can be less than or equal to 10 centimeters.

[0012] During the test, after the airflow carrying sand particles exits from the first outlet, it inevitably diffuses in all directions in the direction perpendicular to the exit direction. In this application, by limiting the distance between the first outlet and the first surface to within 10 centimeters, the extent of the airflow diffusion in all directions after exiting the first outlet can be reduced, thus ensuring a high utilization rate of the kinetic energy of the sand particles.

[0013] Among some possible implementations, controlling the operation mode of the testing equipment according to the testing requirements may include: controlling at least one of the following according to the testing requirements: the air intake pressure at the first inlet of the testing equipment, the air intake rate at the first inlet of the testing equipment, the sand feed rate at the second inlet of the testing equipment, the sand feed amount at the second inlet of the testing equipment, the sand concentration in the airflow carrying sand particles, or the testing duration.

[0014] In this application, parameters such as the air intake pressure and air intake rate at the first inlet of the testing equipment are controlled according to the testing requirements, so that the testing equipment can automatically control the corresponding parameters according to the testing requirements, which can improve the testing efficiency and reduce human error.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the test specimen may include at least one vehicle-mounted device, such as radar, camera, or headlights; or, the test specimen may be a component of the vehicle-mounted device.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the testing equipment can be used to perform tests to evaluate the stone impact resistance of paint coatings in accordance with the requirements of ISO 20567-1 (International Organization for Standardization) or SAE J400 (Society of Automotive Engineers); or, the testing equipment can be used to perform tests to evaluate the stone impact resistance of plastic products in accordance with the requirements of QC / T 15 (Chinese automotive industry standard); or, the testing equipment can be used to perform tests to evaluate the stone impact resistance of automotive radiators in accordance with the requirements of QC / T 468 (Chinese automotive industry standard); or, the testing equipment can be used to perform tests to evaluate the stone impact resistance of high-speed train window glass in accordance with the requirements of GB / T 32060 (Chinese standard).

[0017] Secondly, an apparatus is provided, comprising an acquisition unit and a processing unit. The acquisition unit is configured to: acquire first information, the first information indicating test requirements. The processing unit is configured to: control the operation mode of a test device according to the first information, so that the test device emits an airflow carrying sand particles toward a first surface of the test sample.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the processing unit can be used to: control at least one of the following according to test requirements: the air intake pressure of the test equipment at the first inlet, the air intake rate of the test equipment at the first inlet, the sand feed rate of the test equipment at the second inlet, the sand feed amount of the test equipment at the second inlet, the sand concentration in the airflow carrying sand particles, or the test duration.

[0019] The description of the test equipment, test specimen, and first surface can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect above and any possible implementation thereof, and will not be repeated here.

[0020] Thirdly, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus may include at least one processor coupled to at least one memory for storing computer programs or instructions. The at least one processor may be used to invoke and execute the computer program or instructions from the at least one memory, causing the apparatus to perform the methods of the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0021] Fourthly, a chip or chip system is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface; the processor reads instructions through the communication interface and can execute the methods in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0022] Fifthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the methods of the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.

[0023] In a sixth aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the methods in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof to be implemented. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a testing device;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a testing device 200 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another testing device;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another testing device;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another testing device;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another testing device;

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a test scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the sand blasting range before and after setting the conformal tooling 350;

[0032] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a testing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 11 is a schematic block diagram of another device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In practical use, wind and sand in the environment can affect the appearance and performance of vehicles. As mentioned earlier, on the one hand, during sandstorms, dust storms, and other similar weather events, the sand and dust in the air will impact the surfaces of vehicles exposed to the environment, causing erosion or abrasion to these surfaces; on the other hand, vehicles in front will stir up sand and dust from the road into the air, and when vehicles behind are driving, their windward devices (such as front bumpers, windshields, etc.) or surfaces will be impacted by the sand and dust.

[0037] While bumpers and similar components in vehicles may show signs of wear and tear after being impacted by sand and dust, their performance is generally not significantly affected. However, optical components such as headlights, cameras, and lidar systems can experience substantial damage to both their appearance and optical performance when subjected to sand and dust. For instance, sand and dust erosion can drastically reduce the image clarity of a camera lens, and it can also drastically reduce the detection accuracy of a lidar system.

[0038] Currently, the relevant test standards for testing the erosion effect caused by sand and dust usually employ specialized testing equipment.

[0039] For example, the test apparatus shown in Figure 1 can be used to perform an existing related test. In this test, the test apparatus shown in Figure 1 can be used to evaluate whether the device under test can be stored and operated under sandblasting conditions by performing a sandblasting test.

[0040] When conducting a sand blowing test in accordance with existing standards, the sample to be tested can be placed on the sample rack of the equipment shown in Figure 1. Quartz sand with a particle size distribution of 150-850 micrometers (μm) should be used. The blowing speed should be controlled between 18-29 meters per second (m / s), and an appropriate sand concentration should be selected (e.g., based on the actual working environment of the sample to be tested, starting from 2.2 grams per cubic meter (g / m³)). 3 ), 1.1g / m 3 0.18g / m 3 Select the corresponding concentration and conduct a sandblasting test on each vulnerable surface of the test sample for at least 90 minutes (min). When the test equipment is running, the air in the test equipment will flow in the direction shown by the arrow in Figure 1 under the action of the fan, and form an air field in the inner shell. When the air in the air field flows, it will carry the sand and dust in the bucket, so that the test sample can be subjected to sand erosion.

[0041] While the aforementioned testing methods can assess the erosive effect of sand and dust on the test sample, several drawbacks exist. Firstly, the testing equipment is specialized and expensive, resulting in a limited number of testing facilities equipped with it. For OEMs and parts suppliers, the number of facilities capable of meeting their testing needs is extremely limited, and these facilities charge high fees for sandblasting tests (e.g., hourly testing fees can reach several thousand yuan). In particular, devices with complex structures / shapes often have numerous vulnerable surfaces, requiring extended testing times using the aforementioned methods (e.g., some devices may require over ten hours of testing), leading to high overall testing costs. Secondly, during sandblasting tests, the sand and dust concentration within the testing equipment shown in Figure 1 is often uneven, and test results vary significantly depending on the position of the sample holder.

[0042] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a testing method and apparatus that can efficiently evaluate the erosive effect of sand and dust on the device under test at a low cost.

[0043] For example, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a testing device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] As shown in Figure 2, the testing device 200 may include channel 210 and channel 220. Channel 220 may be connected to channel 210 at connection portion 230. Channel 210 may include inlet 211 and outlet 212; on channel 210, connection portion 230 may be located between inlet 211 and outlet 212. Channel 220 may include inlet 221, and connection portion 230 can be understood as the outlet end of channel 220. That is, each of the two channels may have one inlet, and they share the same outlet. Inlet 211 may be used to input gas (such as air or similar gas), and inlet 221 may be used to input sand particles.

[0045] Referring to Figure 2, the test piece (also known as the sample) can be positioned on one side of the outlet 212, either directly opposite the outlet 212 or at a certain angle to its axis. Gas flows into the channel 210 through the inlet 211 and then flows along the channel 210 towards the outlet 212. As the gas passes through the connection 230, it carries sand particles from the channel 220 along the inlet 221 towards the connection 230. Furthermore, the gas in the channel 210 carries the sand particles out of the outlet 21. By controlling parameters such as gas flow rate, sand particle supply speed, and supply quantity, the impact of wind and sand erosion on the test piece under different scenarios (e.g., different wind speeds, different sand particle densities) can be simulated, thereby enabling the testing and evaluation of the test piece's resistance to wind and sand erosion.

[0046] In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, both channel 210 and channel 220 are constructed from straight pipes. In some possible implementations, channel 210 and / or channel 220 may also be constructed from bent pipes.

[0047] In addition, in specific implementations, channels 210 and / or 220 may be composed of a single component or a combination of multiple components. For example, the test device 200 may include a tee connector and three pipe fittings, which may be connected to the three connectors of the tee connector respectively; wherein, the channel formed by two pipe fittings and the tee connector may correspond to channel 210, and the other pipe fitting may constitute channel 220.

[0048] It is understood that the test device 200 shown in Figure 2 is only an example, and in a specific implementation, the test device 200 may also include other components.

[0049] For example, in some possible implementations, the test equipment 200 may also include a gas storage tank; the outlet of the gas storage tank may be directly connected to the inlet of the channel 210 (i.e., inlet 211), or connected to inlet 211 via a pipeline, so that the gas flowing out of the gas storage tank can flow to inlet 211. That is to say, in this example, the gas storage tank can supply gas to the channel 210; compared with using an air pump to supply gas to the channel 210, supplying gas to the channel 210 via a gas storage tank is beneficial to reducing fluctuations in the gas supply pressure.

[0050] For example, the testing equipment 200 may also include a control valve (such as a pressure regulating valve, an on / off valve, a pressure reducing valve, etc.) disposed between the inlet 211 and the gas storage tank. The pressure regulating valve disposed between the gas storage tank and the inlet 211 can be used to control the pressure of the gas flowing into the channel 210; the on / off valve disposed between the gas storage tank and the inlet 211 can control the connection and disconnection between the channel 210 and the gas storage tank.

[0051] For example, the testing device 200 may also include a sand collection mechanism; the sand collection mechanism can be used to collect sand particles ejected from the outlet 212 with the gas.

[0052] The following description, in conjunction with Figures 3 to 5, illustrates possible implementations of the test device 200. In other words, the test device shown in Figures 3 to 5 can be understood as an extension or variation of the test device shown in Figure 2.

[0053] For example, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another test device.

[0054] Referring to Figure 3, the testing device 300 may include an air storage tank 301 (also referred to as a pressure chamber 301), a solenoid valve 302, a compressed air pipeline 303, a pressure reducing valve 304, a pressure gauge 305, an accelerating nozzle 306, a feed pipe 307, a feed trough 308, a feed funnel 309, a vibrating conveyor 310, a sand accelerating pipe 311, a protective cover 312, a sand collecting chamber 313, and a sample holding part 314.

[0055] Compressed air line 303, accelerating nozzle 306, and sand accelerating pipe 311 are connected in sequence to form a channel; this channel can communicate with the channel formed by feed pipe 307, and the connection point of these two channels can be located between accelerating nozzle 306 and sand accelerating pipe 311. The channel formed by compressed air line 303, accelerating nozzle 306, and sand accelerating pipe 311 can correspond to channel 210 in Figure 2; the channel formed by feed pipe 307 can correspond to channel 220 in Figure 2.

[0056] The air tank 301 can be connected to the acceleration nozzle 306 through the compressed air pipeline 303; the solenoid valve 302, the pressure reducing valve 304 and the pressure gauge 305 can be installed in the compressed air pipeline 303 and sequentially installed between the air tank 301 and the acceleration nozzle 306.

[0057] Solenoid valve 302 can be used to control the connection and disconnection between air tank 301 and compressed air pipeline 303. When solenoid valve 302 is in the conducting state, air tank 301 is connected to compressed air pipeline 303; correspondingly, the gas flowing out of air tank 301 can flow to compressed air pipeline 303. After passing through acceleration nozzle 306, the gas can mix with the granular material (such as sand) flowing in from feed pipe 307 in sand acceleration pipe 311, and carry the granular material out of the outlet of sand acceleration pipe 311 toward the test piece 315.

[0058] The pressure reducing valve 304 can be used to control the air pressure in the section of the compressed air pipeline 303 where the pressure gauge 305 is located. The granules in the feed hopper 309 can be conveyed to the feed trough 308 by the vibrating conveyor 310, and then flow into the feed pipe 307. The protective cover 312 can be used to confine the granules ejected from the sand acceleration pipe 311 inside the protective cover; the protective cover 312 can also guide the granules that bounce off the test piece 315 and those that do not impact the test piece 315 to the sand collection chamber 313 to achieve granule recovery.

[0059] In one example, the test equipment shown in Figure 3 can be used to perform the relevant tests of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard ISO 20567-1, "Paints and varnishes—Determination of stone chip resistance—Part 1: Multi-impact testing". In standard ISO 20567-1, the test equipment shown in Figure 3 can be used to evaluate the stone chip impact resistance of a vehicle's topcoat or other coatings.

[0060] Before conducting tests conforming to ISO 20567-1, a substrate with dimensions of at least 100 x 100 mm can be prepared, and the coating to be tested can be applied to the surface of the substrate to obtain the test piece. During the ISO 20567-1 test, the test piece 315 can be placed in the sample holder 314. Angular chilled cast iron granules with dimensions of 3-5 mm are used, and the granules are ejected from the sand accelerator tube 311 using appropriate inlet pressure to impact the test piece. In this test, the inlet pressure can refer to the air pressure at the location of the pressure gauge 305 in the compressed air line 303, i.e., the pressure of the gas before entering the accelerator nozzle 306. In this experiment, the inlet pressure can be 100 or 200 kilopascals (kPa). Then, based on the damage to the test piece, the coating's resistance to gravel impact is evaluated.

[0061] In another example, the test equipment shown in Figure 3 can be used to perform tests specified in other standards similar to ISO 20567-1; for example, tests specified in standards such as DIN 55996-1 (German Institute for Standardization), DIN EN ISO 20567-1 (German Institute for Standardization), and BS EN ISO 20567-1 (British Standards Institution).

[0062] For example, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another test device. The test device shown in Figure 4 can be understood as an extension or variation of the test device shown in Figure 2.

[0063] Referring to Figure 4, the testing device 400 may include a nozzle 410 and a piping assembly 420. The nozzle 410 may include a channel 411 disposed along axis 401, with its inlet and outlet ends designated as inlet 412 and outlet 413, respectively. The end of channel 411 near inlet 412 may have a larger diameter, while the end near outlet 413 may have a smaller diameter to increase the gas flow rate within channel 411. The piping assembly 420 may include a channel 421 disposed along axis 401 and a channel 422 disposed along axis 402; wherein there is an angle between axes 401 and 402, and channels 421 and 422 are connected.

[0064] Nozzle 410 can be connected to piping assembly 420 (e.g., via a threaded connection) and is coaxially arranged along axis 401. Inlet 412 of channel 411 can be used for air intake, serving as an air inlet; inlet 424 of channel 422 can be used for material feeding (e.g., sand, gravel, etc.), serving as a material inlet; outlet 423 of channel 421 can be used for ejecting an airflow carrying sand particles. In this example, the channel along axis 401 formed by nozzle 410 and piping assembly 420 can correspond to channel 210 in Figure 2; the channel along axis 402 in piping assembly 420 can correspond to channel 220 in Figure 2.

[0065] In one example, the test equipment shown in Figure 4 can be used to perform the relevant tests of the SAE J400 standard, "Resistance to Peeling of Surface Coatings," established by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). In the SAE J400 standard, the test equipment shown in Figure 4 can be used to evaluate the resistance of surface coatings to gravel impact.

[0066] Similar to the tests in standard ISO 20567-1, before conducting tests compliant with SAE J400, test specimens of the corresponding dimensions with the coating to be tested applied to their surfaces can be prepared. During the tests compliant with SAE J400, terrazzo stones with dimensions of 9.53-15.86 mm are used, and a suitable inlet pressure (e.g., 480 kPa at inlet 412) is applied to propel gas carrying the terrazzo stone out of outlet 423 to impact the test specimen. The coating's resistance to gravel impact is then evaluated based on the damage observed in the test specimen.

[0067] In another example, the test equipment shown in Figure 4 can be used to perform tests similar to those of other standards, such as SAE J400; for example, the tests specified in ASTM D3170 / D3170M-14, a standard developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

[0068] For example, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another test device. The test device shown in Figure 5 can be understood as an extension or variation of the test device shown in Figure 2.

[0069] Referring to Figure 5, the testing equipment 500 may include a tee fitting 510 and a feeder 520. The tee fitting 510 may include an inlet 511, an inlet 512, and an outlet 513. Inlet 511 can be used to input air, inlet 512 can be used to input granular material (such as sand, gravel, etc.), and outlet 512 can be used to eject airflow carrying granular material. The feeder 520 can be used to supply granular material to the feed inlet (i.e., inlet 512) of the tee fitting 510.

[0070] In one example, the test equipment shown in Figure 5 can be used to perform the stone impact test as specified in the Chinese automotive industry standard QC / T 15, "General Test Methods for Automotive Plastic Products". In standard QC / T 15, the stone impact resistance of plastic products can be evaluated using the test equipment shown in Figure 5.

[0071] Similar to the tests in standard ISO 20567-1, when conducting the stone impact test conforming to standard QC / T 15, plastic products that conform to actual assembly and use conditions can be used; alternatively, without affecting the product's performance, test pieces (e.g., test pieces made of the same material and with the same manufacturing process parameters as the plastic product to be evaluated) can be used as the test piece to simulate the practical use of the plastic product in an automobile. In the stone impact test conforming to standard QC / T 15, granite or marble chips with a diameter of 9-12 mm are used, and an appropriate intake pressure (e.g., 490 kPa) is used to propel the airflow carrying the chips out from outlet 513 to impact the test piece. Then, based on the damage to the test piece, its resistance to stone impact is evaluated.

[0072] For example, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another test device. The test device shown in Figure 6 can be understood as an extension or variation of the test device shown in Figure 2.

[0073] Referring to Figure 6, the testing equipment 600 may include an air storage tank 601, a solenoid valve 602, a pressure reducing valve 603, a pressure gauge 604, a feeding hopper 605, an air inlet pipe 606, a stone impact ejector 607, and an iron shot recovery device 608.

[0074] The gas storage tank 601 can be connected to the air inlet of the feeding hopper 605 via the air inlet pipe 606; the solenoid valve 602, the pressure reducing valve 603, and the pressure gauge 604 can be sequentially installed along the air inlet pipe 606, and the pressure gauge 604 can be used to measure the gas pressure in the section of the air inlet pipe 606 near the feeding hopper 605. The feed inlet of the feeding hopper 605 can be used to input granular material; the gas input through the air inlet of the feeding hopper 605, and the granular material input through the feed inlet, are ejected towards the test piece under the action of the stone impact ejector.

[0075] In one example, the speed measuring device shown in Figure 6 can be used to perform the relevant tests for the stone impact resistance performance in the Chinese automotive industry standard QC / T 468 "Automotive Radiators". In standard QC / T 468, the stone impact resistance performance of the radiator's upper section can be evaluated using the test equipment shown in Figure 6.

[0076] When conducting the impact resistance test conforming to standard QC / T 468, steel shot with a diameter of 4-5 mm and a Rockwell hardness of 61-65 is used. A corresponding inlet pressure (e.g., the air pressure at the location of pressure gauge 604 in inlet pipe 606 is 100 kPa) is applied to propel the steel shot towards the test piece via airflow. The sealing performance of the test piece is then tested.

[0077] The above, in conjunction with Figures 3 to 6, exemplifies some standards used to evaluate the stone impact resistance of test pieces. It is understood that other standards exist in various countries and regions for evaluating the stone impact resistance of test pieces, such as the Chinese standard GB / T 32060-2015, "Test Method for Stone Impact Resistance of Window Glass of High-Speed ​​Trains". This application will not provide further examples of such standards.

[0078] As can be seen from the above, standards such as ISO20567-1, SAE J400, QC / T 15, and QC / T 468 use different testing equipment to evaluate the impact resistance of different devices (such as coatings, plastic products, radiators, etc.). Furthermore, the particle size used in these standards is much larger than the requirements of existing standards and also much larger than the actual size of wind-blown sand.

[0079] However, the testing equipment required for evaluating the impact resistance of test specimens to gravel in standards such as ISO 20567-1, SAE J400, QC / T 15, and QC / T 468 (such as the testing equipment shown in Figures 3 to 6) operates in the same way as the testing equipment shown in Figure 2. Therefore, the testing equipment in standards such as ISO 20567-1, SAE J400, QC / T 15, and QC / T 468 can be used, and the aggregate can be replaced with sand of the required size (such as sand with a size between 150-850 μm) to test and evaluate the wind and sand erosion resistance of corresponding devices (such as lidar, cameras, etc.).

[0080] Since paints, varnishes, plastic products, and radiators are widely used in vehicles, there are numerous testing institutions equipped with the testing equipment required by standards such as ISO20567-1, SAE J400, QC / T 15, and QC / T 468. Therefore, if the wind and sand erosion resistance of devices such as lidar and cameras is tested and evaluated in the manner shown in Figure 2, there are many testing institutions that can meet the testing needs of OEMs or parts suppliers, and the testing costs will be greatly reduced (for example, compared to traditional sandblasting tests, the hourly testing cost will be reduced to several hundred yuan). In addition, because the sand particles carried by the airflow can directly impact the device under test in this testing method, compared to traditional sandblasting tests, this testing method can make full use of the energy of the sand particles, which can greatly reduce the required testing time (for example, the testing time required by this method can be reduced to less than one hour, or even to a few minutes).

[0081] In some possible implementations, to further improve the utilization rate of sand particles, conformal tooling can be set so that the profile of the outlet 212 of channel 210 matches the device under test.

[0082] Assuming the device under test is a lidar, the resistance of the lidar's exposed parts (such as the lidar's viewing window) to wind and sand erosion is evaluated using the test equipment shown in Figure 3. The following, in conjunction with Figures 7 and 8, provides an illustrative example of how the conformal fixture can be configured.

[0083] For example, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a test scenario provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0084] Referring to Figure 7, a conformal fixture 350 can be disposed at the outlet end of the sand accelerator tube 311. One end of the conformal fixture 350 can be connected to the sand accelerator tube 311 (e.g., by means of threaded connection, clamp connection, bolt connection, etc.), and the other end of the conformal fixture 350 can face the workpiece 315 to be measured. The conformal fixture 350 can have a channel arranged along the axis of the sand accelerator tube 311. When the conformal fixture 350 is connected to the sand accelerator tube 311 as shown in Figure 7, the airflow carrying sand particles ejected from the sand accelerator tube 311 will pass through the channel in the conformal fixture 350 and be ejected from the outlet of the conformal fixture 350 toward the workpiece to be measured.

[0085] Referring to Figure 8, without the conformal fixture, the sand particles ejected from the sand accelerator tube 311 have a large diffusion distance in the direction perpendicular to the ejection direction. When the distance between the exit point of the sand particles (i.e., the outlet of the sand accelerator tube 311) and the test piece is large, a large number of sand particles will fail to impact the test piece. However, with the conformal fixture 350, the airflow carrying the sand particles is ultimately ejected from the outlet of the conformal fixture 350. On the one hand, this shortens the distance between the exit point of the sand particles and the test piece, thereby reducing the amount of sand particles that fail to impact the test piece. On the other hand, since the outlet profile of the channel in the conformal fixture 350 can match the test piece, the sand particles ejected from the conformal fixture 350 can impact the impact surface of the test piece evenly, which helps to improve the uniformity of the test results.

[0086] In some possible implementations, given that the effect of wind and sand erosion only applies to the surfaces of each device exposed to the wind and sand environment, when evaluating the wind and sand erosion resistance of devices such as lidar, cameras, and lamps, it is not necessary to use the entire device as the test piece in the relevant tests. Instead, the components of these devices exposed to the wind and sand environment can be used as the test pieces (for example, during testing, it is not necessary to set the entire lidar on the bracket 314, but only the lidar window can be set on the bracket 314). Furthermore, a sample plate with the same material and process parameters as these components can be used as the test piece (for example, a rectangular substrate with the same material and manufacturing process parameters as the lidar window can be used for testing).

[0087] For example, Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating a testing method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method can be executed by a control device of the testing equipment, or by a component of the control device (such as a chip, processor, processing circuit, etc.), or by a system equipped with the control device. In a specific implementation, the control device of this testing equipment can be located within the testing equipment, or it can be a separate device independent of the testing equipment. The method 900 may include:

[0088] S910, Obtain first information, which can be used to indicate test requirements.

[0089] This initial information can indicate that the required test is a wind and sand erosion resistance test.

[0090] For example, the testing requirements for the wind and sand erosion resistance test may include at least one of the following: the ambient temperature required to conduct the test, the air inlet pressure of the test equipment, the air inlet rate of the test equipment, the feed rate of the test equipment, the sand concentration required for the test, the test duration, and the total mass of sand required for the test.

[0091] In some embodiments, taking the test scenario shown in Figure 7 as an example, before conducting the wind and sand erosion resistance test using the test equipment 300, parameters such as the air pressure (i.e., intake pressure) and intake rate of the compressed air pipeline 303 in the pipeline section where the pressure gauge 305 is located, the rate at which the vibrating conveyor 310 delivers sand particles to the feed funnel 309 (i.e., feed rate), the total mass of sand delivered to the feed funnel 309 during the test, and the total duration for which the solenoid valve 302 is in the conducting state (i.e., test duration) can be indicated.

[0092] In one example, the control device can preset the test requirements for tests such as wind and sand resistance performance test and gravel impact resistance test. When it detects that the test selected by the user is the wind and sand resistance performance test, the control device can call the test requirements corresponding to the wind and sand resistance performance test according to the test result.

[0093] In another example, users can customize the various test requirements for the wind and sand erosion resistance test.

[0094] S920 controls the operation mode of the test equipment according to the test requirements, so that the test equipment emits an airflow carrying sand particles toward the first surface of the test sample, wherein the size of the sand particles can be less than 1 mm.

[0095] For example, the first surface can be any surface that the test sample is exposed to in the environment when it is placed in the vehicle. For instance, with a lidar, the first surface can be the surface on which the lidar's viewport is exposed to the environment. As another example, with a camera, the first surface can be the surface on which the camera's lens is exposed to the environment.

[0096] For example, the testing device may include a first channel and a second channel. The first channel may include a first inlet and a first outlet, and the second channel may include a second inlet; the second channel may be connected to the first channel, and the connection point between the second channel and the first channel may be located on the first channel between the first inlet and the second inlet. The first inlet may be used to input gas, the second inlet may be used to input sand particles, and the first outlet may be used to eject a gas flow carrying sand particles.

[0097] In some embodiments, the testing device may be testing device 200. In this embodiment, channel 210 may correspond to a first channel, channel 220 may correspond to a second channel, and connection portion 230 may correspond to a connection portion between the first channel and the second channel. Inlet 211 may correspond to a first inlet, inlet 221 may correspond to a second inlet, and outlet 212 may correspond to a third inlet.

[0098] In other embodiments, the testing equipment can be the testing equipment required for evaluating the stone impact resistance of a paint coating; the test for evaluating the stone impact resistance of a paint coating can meet the requirements of relevant standards. For example, the testing equipment can meet the requirements of standards such as ISO 20567-1 and SAE J400. In one example, the testing equipment can be a testing device 300 or 400.

[0099] In other embodiments, the testing equipment can be the testing equipment required for evaluating the stone impact resistance of automotive plastic products; the test for evaluating the stone impact resistance of automotive plastic products can meet the requirements of relevant standards. For example, the testing equipment can meet the requirements of standards such as QC / T 15. In one example, the testing equipment can be a testing equipment 500.

[0100] In other embodiments, the testing equipment can be the testing equipment required for evaluating the gravel impact resistance of automotive radiators; the test for evaluating the gravel impact resistance of automotive radiators can meet the requirements of relevant standards. For example, the testing equipment can meet the requirements of standards such as QC / T 468.

[0101] Among some possible implementations, controlling the operation mode of the testing equipment according to the testing requirements may include: controlling at least one of the following according to the testing requirements: the air intake pressure at the first inlet of the testing equipment, the air intake rate at the first inlet of the testing equipment, the sand feed rate at the second inlet of the testing equipment, the sand feed amount at the second inlet of the testing equipment, the sand concentration in the airflow carrying sand particles, or the testing duration.

[0102] The following is an example illustration of the test scenario shown in Figure 3.

[0103] For example, in the test scenario shown in Figure 3, the pressure reducing valve 304 can divide the compressed air pipeline 303 into a pipeline section before the pressure reducing valve 304 (i.e., the pipeline section between the air storage tank 301 and the pressure reducing valve 304) and a pipeline section after the pressure reducing valve 304 (i.e., the pipeline section between the pressure reducing valve 304 and the accelerating nozzle 306). Accordingly, the air intake rate and air intake pressure at the first inlet of the test equipment can refer to the air intake rate and air intake pressure at the inlet of the pipeline section of the compressed air pipeline 303 after the pressure reducing valve 304. In this test scenario, the control of the sand feed rate and sand feed volume at the second inlet of the test equipment can be achieved by controlling the sand conveying rate and total mass of the vibrating conveyor 310; the control of the test duration can be achieved by controlling the conduction duration of the solenoid valve 302 and / or controlling the working duration of the vibrating conveyor, etc.

[0104] In some possible implementations, the test specimens used in the test may include vehicle-mounted devices such as radar, cameras, and headlights; or, they may be components of the aforementioned vehicle-mounted devices.

[0105] For example, in the test scenario shown in Figure 7, the test sample used is a lidar. Alternatively, in some possible implementations, in the test scenario shown in Figure 7, the test device can be replaced by the lidar's viewport instead of the entire lidar, to reduce testing costs.

[0106] In some possible implementations, the first channel may include a plurality of sequentially connected pipes, the plurality of pipes including the first pipe. In the first channel, the first pipe may be disposed at one end where the first outlet is located, and the outlet of the first pipe may constitute the first outlet, the outlet profile of the first pipe may match the outer profile of the first surface.

[0107] For example, in the test scenario shown in Figure 7, the channel formed by multiple pipes including compressed air pipe 303, acceleration nozzle 306, sand acceleration pipe 311 and conformal tooling 350 can correspond to the first channel; the conformal tooling 350, as a pipe set at the outlet end of the channel, can correspond to the first pipe; the outer contour of the conformal tooling 350 can match the outer contour of the lidar window.

[0108] For example, to improve the utilization rate of sand, the distance between the outlet of the conformal fixture and the impact surface of the test piece can be set within a certain threshold. This first threshold can be 3 cm or 5 cm; in addition, considering the wind speed used in the wind erosion test, this first threshold can be relaxed to 10 cm.

[0109] In one embodiment, it is assumed that the outer contour of the lidar window is approximately rectangular, with dimensions of 150*50mm. The resistance of the lidar window to wind and sand erosion can be evaluated using test equipment that meets the requirements of ISO20567-1 (such as the test equipment shown in Figure 3).

[0110] In this embodiment, the profile of the channel outlet of the conformal tool can be designed to match the outer contour of the impact surface of the window (for example, the profile of the channel outlet of the conformal tool can also be a rectangle with a size of 150*50mm); the inlet end of the conformal tool can be set as a fastening structure of a spiral sleeve and installed on the sand acceleration tube 311 of the test equipment. During testing, the test piece can be placed on the testing equipment and its installation on a vehicle can be simulated (for example, assuming the impact surface is placed on the vehicle at a 15° inward tilt to the vertical plane, the test piece can be installed on the testing equipment with its impact surface tilted at a 15° inward tilt to the vertical plane). Sand particles with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm can be used, and 150 grams of sand particles can be fed into the feed pipe 307 in multiple batches at a feeding rate of 1 gram per second (g / s). The air pressure can be set to 150 kPa through a pressure reducing valve, so that the airflow can carry the sand particles out of the conformal tooling and impact the test piece.

[0111] In another embodiment, it is assumed that the outer contour of the impact surface of the test piece is approximately a square with dimensions of 50*50mm. The resistance of the test piece to wind and sand erosion can be evaluated using test equipment that meets the requirements of ISO20567-1.

[0112] In this embodiment, a conformal fixture can be designed according to the outer contour of the test piece. For example, the outlet of the conformal fixture can be set as a square with a size of 50*50mm; the inlet end of the conformal fixture can be set as a bolt-fastening structure and installed on the sand acceleration tube 311 of the testing equipment by bolt fastening. During the test, the test piece can be placed on the testing equipment with the impact surface perpendicular to the ground; 400g of sand with a particle size of 2-3mm can be fed into the feed pipe 307 at a feeding speed of 5g / s; the inlet pressure can be set at 400kPa by a pressure reducing valve, so that the airflow carrying the sand can be ejected from the conformal fixture toward the test piece.

[0113] In another example, it is assumed that the impact surface of the test piece is approximately a circle with a diameter of 75 mm. The resistance of the test piece to wind and sand erosion can be evaluated using test equipment that meets the requirements of ISO 20567-1.

[0114] In this embodiment, the outlet of the conformal fixture can be set as a circle with a size of 75mm; the inlet end of the conformal fixture can be set as a clamp fastening structure and installed on the dust and sand acceleration tube of the testing equipment by a snap-fit ​​fastening method. During the test, the test piece can be set on the testing equipment with the impact surface perpendicular to the ground; sand particles with a size of 150-850μm can be used, and 50g of sand particles can be uniformly delivered to the feed pipe 307 within 10s; the inlet pressure can be set to 50kPa by a pressure reducing valve, so that the gas carrying sand particles can be ejected from the conformal fixture towards the test piece.

[0115] For example, after the test, the resistance of the test sample to wind and sand erosion can be evaluated based on parameters such as the roughness of the impacted surface and the detection performance of the lidar.

[0116] In some possible implementations, this testing method can also be used in other fields. For example, it can be used to test and evaluate the wind and sand erosion resistance of building materials (such as devices used to form the exterior walls of buildings) and rail transit components (such as the shells and glass components of high-speed trains).

[0117] The methods provided by the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to Figures 2 to 9. The apparatus provided by the embodiments of this application will now be described in detail below with reference to Figures 10 and 11. The descriptions of the apparatus embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the method embodiments; therefore, any content not described in detail can be found in the method embodiments above.

[0118] For example, FIG10 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 2000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 2000 may include modules or units for implementing the above-described method embodiments.

[0119] For example, the device 2000 may include an acquisition unit 2010 and a processing unit 2020.

[0120] The device 2000 can implement the steps or processes performed by the control device corresponding to the method embodiments described above. The acquisition unit 2010 can be used to perform the transmit / receive related operations of the control device in the method embodiments described above; the processing unit 2020 can be used to perform the processing related operations of the control device in the method embodiments described above.

[0121] For example, the acquisition unit 2010 can be used to: acquire first information, which can be used to indicate test requirements. The processing unit 2020 can be used to: control the operation mode of the test equipment according to the test requirements.

[0122] In some possible implementations, the processing unit 2020 can be used to: control at least one of the following according to test requirements: the air intake pressure of the test equipment at the first inlet, the air intake rate of the test equipment at the first inlet, the sand feed rate of the test equipment at the second inlet, the sand feed amount of the test equipment at the second inlet, the sand concentration in the airflow carrying sand particles, or the test duration.

[0123] It should be understood that the specific process of each unit performing the above-mentioned corresponding steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0124] It should also be understood that the division of units in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. All units of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-invoked software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-invoked software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0125] In a specific implementation, the acquisition unit 2010 can be implemented by at least one transceiver or transceiver-related circuitry, and the processing unit 2020 can be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. In one example, one or more processors can control the operation of the test equipment according to test requirements. Exemplarily, in a specific implementation, the device 2000 can be a control device for the test equipment (e.g., test equipment 200 to 600); or, it can be a component of the control device (e.g., a chip, a processor).

[0126] For example, FIG11 is a schematic block diagram of another device 3000 provided in an embodiment of this application. The device 3000 may include a processor 3010, an interface circuit 3020, and a memory 3030. The processor 3010, interface circuit 3020, and memory 3030 are connected via internal connection paths. The memory 3030 is used to store instructions, and the processor 3010 is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 3030, so that the interface circuit 3020 can receive / send some parameters. Optionally, the memory 3030 may be coupled to the processor 3010 via an interface, or it may be integrated with the processor 3010.

[0127] It should be noted that the aforementioned interface circuit 3020 may include, but is not limited to, transceiver devices such as input / output interfaces, to enable communication between device 3000 and other devices or communication networks.

[0128] In some embodiments, the device 3000 can be used to implement the method 900 described above. For example, the first information can be obtained through the interface circuit 3020.

[0129] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the embodiments shown in FIG9 above, and any possible implementation thereof.

[0130] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program code or instructions that, when executed by a computer's processor, cause the processor to implement the embodiments shown in FIG9 above, and any possible implementation thereof.

[0131] This application also provides a system that may include testing equipment and apparatus 2000 or 3000.

[0132] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0134] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0135] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0136] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0137] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0138] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A testing method, characterized in that, include: Obtain first information, which is used to indicate test requirements; Based on the first information, the operation mode of the testing equipment is controlled so that the testing equipment emits an airflow carrying sand particles toward the first surface of the test sample, the size of the sand particles being less than 1 mm; The testing device (200) includes a first channel (210) and a second channel (220). The first channel (210) includes a first inlet (211) and a first outlet (212). The second channel (220) includes a second inlet (221). The first channel (210) and the second channel (220) are connected. The connection part (230) between the first channel (210) and the second channel (220) is located on the first channel (210) between the first inlet (211) and the first outlet (212). The first inlet (211) is used to input gas, and the second inlet (221) is used to input sand particles. The testing device (200) is used to eject the airflow carrying sand particles through the first outlet (212). The first surface is intended to be exposed to the environment when the test specimen is placed in a vehicle.

2. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first channel (210) includes a plurality of pipe fittings connected in sequence. The plurality of pipe fittings include a first pipe fitting disposed at one end of the first outlet (212) in the first channel (210), and the first outlet (212) is formed by the outlet of the first pipe fitting. The outline of the outlet of the first pipe fitting matches the outer outline of the first surface.

3. The test method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the first outlet (212) and the first surface is less than or equal to 10 centimeters.

4. The test method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The step of controlling the operation mode of the testing equipment based on the first information includes: Based on the first information, control at least one of the following: the air intake pressure of the test device (200) at the first inlet (211), the air intake rate of the test device (200) at the first inlet (211), the sand feed rate of the test device (200) at the second inlet (221), the sand feed amount of the test device (200) at the second inlet (221), the sand concentration in the airflow ejected by the test device (200) at the first outlet (212), and the test duration.

5. The test method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The test specimen includes at least one vehicle-mounted device selected from radar, camera, or headlights; or, The test sample is a component of the vehicle-mounted device.

6. The test method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The testing equipment can be used to perform tests to evaluate the gravel impact resistance of paint coatings, conforming to the requirements of the International Organization for Standardization standard ISO 20567-1 or the Society of Automotive Engineers standard SAE J400; or, The testing equipment can be used to conduct tests to evaluate the stone impact resistance of plastic products, in accordance with the requirements of the Chinese automotive industry standard QC / T 15; or, The testing equipment can be used to conduct tests to evaluate the gravel impact resistance of automotive radiators, in accordance with the requirements of the Chinese automotive industry standard QC / T 468; or, The testing equipment can be used to conduct tests that meet the requirements of Chinese standard GB / T 32060 to evaluate the impact resistance of high-speed train window glass to gravel.

7. A control device, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit is configured to: acquire first information, wherein the first information is used to indicate test requirements; The processing unit is configured to: control the operation mode of the testing equipment according to the first information, so that the testing equipment emits an airflow carrying sand particles toward the first surface of the test sample, wherein the size of the sand particles is less than 1 mm; The testing device (200) includes a first channel (210) and a second channel (220). The first channel (210) includes a first inlet (211) and a first outlet (212). The second channel (220) includes a second inlet (221). The first channel (210) and the second channel (220) are connected. The connection part (230) between the first channel (210) and the second channel (220) is located on the first channel (210) between the first inlet (211) and the first outlet (212). The first inlet (211) is used to input gas, and the second inlet (221) is used to input sand particles. The testing device (200) is used to eject the airflow carrying sand particles through the first outlet (212). The first surface is intended to be exposed to the environment when the test specimen is placed in a vehicle.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first channel (210) includes a plurality of pipe fittings connected in sequence. The plurality of pipe fittings include a first pipe fitting disposed at one end of the first outlet (212) in the first channel (210), and the first outlet (212) is formed by the outlet of the first pipe fitting. The outline of the outlet of the first pipe fitting matches the outer outline of the first surface.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The distance between the first outlet (212) and the first surface is less than or equal to 10 centimeters.

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, The processing unit is used for: Based on the first information, control at least one of the following: the air intake pressure of the test device (200) at the first inlet (211), the air intake rate of the test device (200) at the first inlet (211), the sand feed rate of the test device (200) at the second inlet (221), the sand feed amount of the test device (200) at the second inlet (221), the sand concentration in the airflow ejected by the test device (200) at the first outlet (212), and the test duration.

11. The apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that, The processing unit is used for: The test specimen includes at least one vehicle-mounted device selected from radar, camera, or headlights; or, The test sample is a component of the vehicle-mounted device.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that, The testing equipment can be used to perform tests to evaluate the gravel impact resistance of paint coatings, conforming to the requirements of the International Organization for Standardization standard ISO 20567-1 or the Society of Automotive Engineers standard SAE J400; or, The testing equipment can be used to conduct tests to evaluate the stone impact resistance of plastic products, in accordance with the requirements of the Chinese automotive industry standard QC / T 15; or, The testing equipment can be used to conduct tests to evaluate the gravel impact resistance of automotive radiators, in accordance with the requirements of the Chinese automotive industry standard QC / T 468; or, The testing equipment can be used to conduct tests that meet the requirements of Chinese standard GB / T 32060 to evaluate the impact resistance of high-speed train window glass to gravel.

13. An apparatus, characterized in that, The device includes at least one processor coupled to at least one memory for executing computer instructions stored in the memory to cause the device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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