Terminal and communication method

Abstract

This terminal comprises: a reception unit that receives, from a base station, a configuration related to a reference signal transmitted on demand; and a control unit that determines, on the basis of the configuration related to the reference signal transmitted on demand, physical characteristics of another cell or another reference signal and the reference signal transmitted on demand, and assumes transmission of the reference signal transmitted on demand. The reception unit receives the reference signal transmitted on demand, and the control unit executes measurement by using the reference signal transmitted on demand.

Description

Terminal and Communication Method

[0001] The present invention relates to a terminal and a communication method in a wireless communication system.

[0002] In NR (also referred to as "5G"), which is a successor system to LTE (Long Term Evolution), technologies that meet requirements such as a large-capacity system, high-speed data transmission speed, low latency, simultaneous connection of a large number of terminals, low cost, and power saving are being studied (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0003] Also, in Release 18 of 3GPP (registered trademark), in order to achieve environmental sustainability, carbon neutrality, SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), reduction of operating costs, etc., network energy savings in the network has become more important, and methods for energy savings are being studied (for example, Non-Patent Document 2).

[0004] 3GPP TS 38.300 V18.3.0 (2024-09) "New WID: Network energy savings for NR", RP-223540, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #98-e, December 2022 3GPP TS 38.331 V18.3.0 (2024-09) 3GPP TS 38.211 V18.4.0 (2024-09) 3GPP TS 38.213 V18.4.0 (2024-09) 3GPP TS 38.101-4 V18.5.0 (2024-09)

[0005] In order to achieve carbon neutrality and SDGs, the importance of saving the power consumption of base stations has increased, and the introduction of intermittent transmission and reception in base stations is being studied. Here, periodic reference signals that are constantly transmitted, such as SSB (SS / PBCH Block) in NR for example, cause frequent wake-up of the base station and have become a bottleneck in the power consumption of the base station. Therefore, in a base station that supports an energy-saving state (energy saving, ES), it is desirable to provide a reference signal on demand at the necessary timing.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to transmit a reference signal on demand from a base station capable of transitioning to a power-saving state.

[0007] According to the disclosed technology, a terminal is provided comprising: a receiving unit that receives settings relating to an on-demand transmitted reference signal from a base station; and a control unit that determines the physical characteristics of the on-demand transmitted reference signal and other cells or other reference signals based on the settings relating to the on-demand transmitted reference signal, and anticipates the transmission of the on-demand transmitted reference signal, wherein the receiving unit receives the on-demand transmitted reference signal, and the control unit performs measurements using the on-demand transmitted reference signal.

[0008] According to the disclosed technology, a reference signal can be transmitted on demand from a base station capable of transitioning to a low-power state.

[0009] This is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating CDRX in NR release 15. This is a diagram illustrating WUS in NR release 16. This is a diagram illustrating intermittent reception of a base station according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating each parameter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating intermittent transmission of a base station according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating each parameter according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. This is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of OSI transmission (1) according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention. This is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of OSI transmission (2) according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating an example of on-demand SSB according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention. This is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of operation related to on-demand RS according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating an example of operation related to on-demand RS according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating an example of network connection according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. This is a flowchart illustrating an example of operation related to on-demand RS according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station or terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described below are examples, and the embodiments to which the present invention is applied are not limited to those described below.

[0011] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiments of the present invention, existing technologies may be used as appropriate. Such existing technologies include, for example, existing NR or LTE, but are not limited to existing NR or LTE. Furthermore, the term "LTE" as used herein has a broad meaning that includes LTE-Advanced and LTE-Advanced and later technologies (e.g., NR), unless otherwise specified.

[0012] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention described below, terms such as SS (Synchronization signal), PSS (Primary SS), SSS (Secondary SS), PBCH (Physical broadcast channel), PRACH (Physical random access channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), which are used in existing LTE systems, will be used. This is for convenience of description, and similar signals, functions, etc., may be called by other names. Also, the above terms in NR correspond to NR-SS, NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, NR-PRACH, etc. However, even if a signal is used in NR, it is not necessarily explicitly stated as "NR-".

[0013] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, the duplex system may be a TDD (Time Division Duplex) system, an FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) system, or any other system (for example, a Flexible Duplex).

[0014] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "configuring" wireless parameters, etc., may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that wireless parameters notified from a base station or terminal are configured.

[0015] (System Configuration) Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base station 10 and a terminal 20, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 shows one base station 10 and one terminal 20, but this is an example, and there may be multiple base stations 10 and terminals 20.

[0016] The base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and performs wireless communication with the terminal 20. The physical resources of the wireless signal are defined in the time domain and the frequency domain. The time domain may be defined by the number of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, and the frequency domain may be defined by the number of subcarriers or resource blocks. In addition, the TTI (Transmission Time Interval) in the time domain may be a slot, or the TTI may be a subframe.

[0017] The base station 10 transmits synchronization signals and system information to the terminal 20. The synchronization signals are, for example, NR-PSS and NR-SSS. The system information is transmitted, for example, in NR-PBCH and is also called broadcast information. The synchronization signals and system information may also be called SSB (SS / PBCH block). As shown in Figure 1, the base station 10 transmits control signals or data to the terminal 20 via DL (Downlink) and receives control signals or data from the terminal 20 via UL (Uplink). Both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 are capable of transmitting and receiving signals using beamforming. Furthermore, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 are capable of applying MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication to DL or UL. In addition, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may communicate via secondary cells (SCell) and primary cells (PCell) using CA (Carrier Aggregation). Furthermore, terminal 20 may communicate via the primary cell of base station 10 and the primary secondary cell group cell (PSCell: Primary SCG Cell) of other base stations 10 using DC (Dual Connectivity).

[0018] Terminal 20 is a communication device equipped with wireless communication capabilities, such as a smartphone, mobile phone, tablet, wearable device, or M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication module. As shown in Figure 1, Terminal 20 receives control signals or data from the base station 10 via DL and transmits control signals or data to the base station 10 via UL, thereby utilizing various communication services provided by the wireless communication system. Terminal 20 also receives various reference signals transmitted from the base station 10 and performs propagation path quality measurement based on the reception results of said reference signals. Terminal 20 may be referred to as UE and base station 10 as gNB.

[0019] Next, we will describe the discussion status regarding base station power saving in NR Release 18. Base station and terminal methods to improve network energy saving from both base station transmission and reception perspectives are being considered. For example, base stations are being explored on how to more efficiently achieve finer-grained, dynamic and / or semi-static adaptation of transmission and / or reception in one or more network energy saving techniques in the time, frequency, space, and power domains, using potential support / feedback and potential support information from terminals.

[0020] Next, we will explain discontinuous reception (DRX) or connected mode DRX (CDRX) in conventional terminals.

[0021] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating CDRX in NR Release 15. In CDRX operation in NR Release 15, the terminal monitors the PDCCH during the DRX-on period.

[0022] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the WUS in NR Release 16. In NR Release 16, a PDCCH-based Wake Up Signal (WUS) can instruct one or more terminals whether to monitor the PDCCH during the next DRX-ON period.

[0023] DCI format 2_6, in which the CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) is scrambled by PS-RNTI (Power Saving - Radio Network Temporary Identifier), is used as a PDCCH-based WUS and is also called DCP (DCI with CRC scrambled by PS-RNTI).

[0024] WUS monitoring opportunities are set by an offset from the on-period based on terminal functionality. If the WUS indicates "inactive" (i.e., no data is being sent or received by the terminal), the terminal can skip monitoring during the on-period and immediately enter sleep mode. Additionally, a default terminal behavior can be set in case the PDCCH-based WUS is not detected, for example due to a detection error.

[0025] DCI format 2_6 includes one bit of startup instruction information indicating "active" or "inactive".

[0026] (Conventional Problems) Next, let's discuss conventional problems. In order to achieve carbon neutrality and the SDGs, it is becoming increasingly important to conserve the power consumption of base stations. However, conventionally, there has been a problem in that methods for conserving the power consumption of base stations have not been standardized.

[0027] (Summary of this embodiment 1) Therefore, this embodiment describes an example of achieving a reduction in base station power consumption from the perspective of the time domain. Below, specific examples, from Example 1 to Example 4, will be described.

[0028] (Example 1) This example describes the operation of the base station when it receives signals intermittently, and defines related concepts.

[0029] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the intermittent reception of a base station according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The period during which the base station 10 disables / enables the receiving unit is introduced as an intermittent reception (gNB CDRX) function by the base station (hereinafter referred to as base station intermittent reception).

[0030] The concept of intermittent reception at base station 10 is the same as that of intermittent reception at terminal 20. The receiving units and / or parameters to be disabled may be per port, panel, beam, or carrier (or cell).

[0031] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating the parameters related to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The base station CDRX may be defined by several parameters listed below. The units of the parameters may be symbols, slots, subframes, milliseconds, or seconds. The units may be different or the same among the parameters. ・drx-onDurationTimer: The period at the start of the DRX cycle ・drx-SlotOffset: The delay before starting drx-onDurationTimer ・drx-InactivityTimer: The period after an uplink reception opportunity during which terminal 20 performs an uplink transmission ・drx-LongCycleStartOffset: Defines when the long DRX cycle (i.e., drx-LongCycle) and short DRX cycle start. - drx-ShortCycle: Short DRX cycle - drx-ShortCycleTimer: Period during which base station 10 follows a short DRX cycle - drx-RetransmissionTimerUL: Maximum period until permission for uplink retransmission is received - drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL: Minimum period until permission for uplink retransmission is expected

[0032] If intermittent base station reception is enabled, the base station 10 may receive the uplink channel transmitted from the terminal 20 when drx-onDurationTimer, drx-InactivityTimer, or drx-RetransmissionTimerUL is running.

[0033] If intermittent base station reception is enabled, terminal 20 may perform one of the following optional actions:

[0034] <Option 1> Terminal 20 may operate assuming intermittent reception from base stations. Specifically, terminal 20 identifies the status of intermittent reception from base stations using RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI. In the case of DCI, terminal 20 assumes that it receives a DCI from base station 10 indicating the status of intermittent reception from base stations. Details of the instructions using DCI will be described later in Example 3.

[0035] Terminal 20 may transmit an uplink channel while drx-onDurationTimer, drx-InactivityTimer, or drx-RetransmissionTimerUL is running, if intermittent reception from base stations is enabled.

[0036] <Option 2> Terminal 20 may ignore intermittent reception from the base station. Specifically, terminal 20 performs uplink transmission as scheduled or configured by base station 10, regardless of the status of intermittent reception from the base station.

[0037] Furthermore, if intermittent base station reception is enabled, base station 10 may perform a schedule or settings that take intermittent base station reception into consideration, or it may perform a schedule or settings regardless of intermittent base station reception. If a schedule or settings that take intermittent base station reception into consideration are performed, the function of intermittent base station reception will be realized even if terminal 20 ignores intermittent base station reception. Conversely, if a schedule or settings that take intermittent base station reception are not performed, and terminal 20 ignores intermittent base station reception, it will transmit unnecessary signals, resulting in wasted power consumption of terminal 20.

[0038] On the other hand, if intermittent base station reception is disabled, base station 10 may receive the uplink channel transmitted from terminal 20 regardless of the intermittent base station reception parameters. In other words, base station 10 may keep the receiving unit turned on and continuously receive the uplink channel from terminal 20.

[0039] If intermittent base station reception is disabled, terminal 20 may perform one of the following optional actions.

[0040] <Option 1> The terminal 20 may perform operations assuming base station intermittent reception. Specifically, the terminal 20 identifies the status of base station intermittent reception by RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI. In the case of DCI, it is assumed that the terminal 20 receives a DCI indicating the status of base station intermittent reception from the base station 10. Details of the instruction by DCI will be described later in Example 3.

[0041] When base station intermittent reception is invalid, the terminal 20 executes uplink transmission as scheduled or set by the base station 10 regardless of the status of base station intermittent reception.

[0042] <Option 2> The terminal 20 may ignore base station intermittent reception. Specifically, the terminal 20 executes uplink transmission as scheduled or set by the base station 10 regardless of the status of base station intermittent reception.

[0043] Also, the base station 10 may receive terminal assistance information to determine the value of the above-mentioned parameter that defines the wake-up / sleep period.

[0044] The terminal assistance information may be the period of terminal traffic. The base station 10 may receive the terminal assistance information at a higher layer. The base station 10 determines the value of the parameter in consideration of the terminal assistance information reported by the terminal 20.

[0045] The terminal 20 may transmit terminal assistance information such as the period of terminal traffic to the base station 10.

[0046] According to this embodiment, intermittent reception by the base station 10 can be realized. <00​​​​​​​<Option 1> The base station 10 may enable or disable intermittent base station reception when an RRC parameter indicating the enable / disable of intermittent base station reception is set by the terminal 20 or other network node (e.g., the core network or other base stations).

[0050] <Option 2> When base station 10 receives a MAC-CE command indicating the enablement or disablement of intermittent base station reception from terminal 20 or other network nodes (e.g., the core network or other base stations), it may enable or disable intermittent base station reception.

[0051] <Option 3> When base station 10 receives a PUCCH or UCI included in PUSCH from terminal 20, it may enable or disable intermittent base station reception based on the instructions for enabling / disabling intermittent base station reception included in the UCI.

[0052] The UCI, which includes instructions for enabling / disabling intermittent base station reception, may be a newly defined UCI type that differs from conventional ones. Alternatively, the UCI may be a conventional UCI type such as HARQ-ACK, CSI, or SR.

[0053] Terminal 20 may enable or disable intermittent base station reception by sending a PUCCH or PUSCH to base station 10 to perform an instruction for intermittent base station reception (i.e., activation / deactivation).

[0054] Terminal 20 may receive a DCI from base station 10 indicating the status of intermittent base station reception in order to identify whether the instructions via UCI have been successfully decoded by base station 10 and whether there is a common understanding between base station 10 and terminal 20 regarding the status of intermittent base station reception. Details of the DCI will be described later in Example 3.

[0055] <Option 4> Base station 10 may enable / disable intermittent base station reception when certain conditions are met. For example, base station 10 may enable intermittent base station reception if it does not receive an uplink channel from terminal 20 for a certain period of time. This certain period of time may be a symbol, slot, subframe, millisecond, second, etc.

[0056] Terminal 20 may receive a DCI from base station 10 indicating the status of intermittent base station reception in order to obtain a common understanding of the status of intermittent base station reception between base station 10 and terminal 20. Details of the DCI will be described later in Example 3.

[0057] <Option 5> The base station 10 may enable or disable intermittent base station reception by combining the above options.

[0058] Furthermore, the base station 10 may perform one of the following optional actions as a procedure for enabling / disabling intermittent reception.

[0059] <Option 1> The base station 10 may immediately enable or disable intermittent base station reception when any of the options described above that trigger the enabling / disabling of intermittent base station reception are executed.

[0060] <Option 2> The base station 10 may receive instructions regarding the timing of enabling / disabling intermittent base station reception at a certain time interval or at a specified time after receiving the instruction. The unit of the time interval or specified time may be a symbol, slot, subframe, millisecond, second, etc. That is, the base station 10 may enable / disable intermittent base station reception at the specified time when any of the above-described options that trigger the enabling / disabling of intermittent base station reception are executed.

[0061] <Option 3> Base station 10 may enable / disable intermittent base station reception based on newly introduced timers. The enable / disable timers may be the same or different. The timer units may be symbols, slots, subframes, milliseconds, seconds, etc. Base station 10 or terminal 20 or other network nodes may set the timers using RRC or specify them using MAC-CE or UCI / DCI.

[0062] In other words, the timer is executed when any of the options that trigger the activation or deactivation of intermittent base station reception, as described above, is executed. When the timer expires, base station 10 may activate or deactivate intermittent base station reception.

[0063] Let me explain the advantages of the timer. Even if intermittent base station reception is instructed to be enabled, due to processing by terminal 20, actual uplink transmission from terminal 20 may occur after a certain delay following the instruction. In such cases, by introducing a timer, intermittent base station reception can be enabled after a certain period of time, thereby reducing the power consumption of base station 10.

[0064] Furthermore, even if intermittent base station reception is disabled, actual uplink transmissions from terminal 20 may continue for a while after the instruction due to processing by terminal 20. In such cases, by introducing a timer, intermittent base station reception can be disabled after a certain period of time, thereby improving the performance of terminal 20.

[0065] According to this embodiment, it is possible to trigger intermittent reception at base stations and to enable / disable the system when it is triggered.

[0066] (Example 3) This example describes a case in which a terminal receives instructions regarding intermittent reception from a base station via DCI.

[0067] If terminal 20 identifies the status of intermittent reception from the base station and this is commonly understood by both terminal 20 and base station 10, a mechanism should be considered to indicate the status of intermittent reception from base station 10 to terminal 20. For timely notification, DCI (Digital Communication Indication) is a promising option.

[0068] Furthermore, one advantage of having a shared understanding is that when intermittent reception from the base station is enabled, terminal 20 can stop uplink transmission, thus saving power consumption for terminal 20.

[0069] A new RNTI may be introduced to indicate the status of intermittent base station reception. The new RNTI may be, for example, a gNB CDRX-RNTI (GC-RNTI).

[0070] Furthermore, the introduction of the DCI field may be one of the following options:

[0071] <Option 1> A new DCI field may be introduced to indicate the status of intermittent base station reception. The introduced DCI field may have a bit size of 1 bit, with "1" indicating the enabled state and "0" indicating the disabled state. The reverse is also possible.

[0072] <Option 2> It is not necessary to introduce a new DCI field. That is, the status of intermittent base station reception may be indicated by an existing field. For example, if the corresponding DCI format is scrambled with a new RNTI such as GC-RNTI, and the HPN and RV fields are all set to "0", the terminal 20 may identify that the status of intermittent base station reception is enabled.

[0073] Furthermore, for example, if the corresponding DCI format is scrambled with a newer RNTI such as GC-RNTI, and the HPN and RV fields are all set to "0" and the MCS field is all set to "1", the terminal 20 may identify that the status of intermittent base station reception is disabled.

[0074] Furthermore, the corresponding DC Ie format may be one of the following options:

[0075] <Option 1> The DCI may be specific to terminal 20.

[0076] <Option 1-1> The base station 10 may use a new DCI format different from the conventional one to indicate the status of intermittent base station reception.

[0077] <Option 1-2> The base station 10 may indicate the status of intermittent base station reception using conventional DCI formats 0_1, 0_2, 1_1, 1_2 or other DCI formats.

[0078] <Option 2> Terminal 20 may use a group-wide DCI.

[0079] <Option 2-1> The base station 10 may use a new DCI format different from the conventional one to indicate the status of intermittent base station reception. The aforementioned new DCI fields may be introduced in the new DCI format along with other new DCI fields for the power saving technology of the base station 10. The base station 10 may scramble the new DCI format with the aforementioned new RNTI (such as GC-RNTI).

[0080] <Option 2-2> The base station 10 may indicate the status of intermittent base station reception using the conventional DCI format 2_6 or other group common DCI format.

[0081] Assuming that DCI format 2_6 is being used, the conventional DCI fields in the DCI format may be reinterpreted to indicate the status of intermittent base station reception. For example, the "Wake-up indication" may be used for reinterpretation. An active state may be indicated by "1" and an inactive state by "0," or vice versa.

[0082] For differentiation purposes, base station 10 may scramble DCI format 2_6 with the aforementioned new RNTI (such as GC-RNTI) instead of PS-RNTI.

[0083] According to this embodiment, terminal 20 can identify the status of intermittent reception from the base station, and this can be commonly understood by both terminal 20 and base station 10.

[0084] (Example 4) This example describes an instance in which base stations or terminals report capability information to each other regarding intermittent reception between base stations.

[0085] The following capability information may be introduced.

[0086] Base station capability information indicating the capabilities of base station 10 may be introduced. That is, base station 10 transmits base station capability information to terminal 20 or other network nodes. Terminal 20 or other network nodes that receive base station capability information may make assumptions about the capabilities of base station 10 based on the received base station capability information.

[0087] Base station capability information may include information indicating whether or not intermittent base station reception is supported. Furthermore, base station capability information indicating whether or not DCI indications, which show the status of intermittent base station reception, are supported may also be introduced.

[0088] Furthermore, the following terminal capability information may be introduced. For example, terminal capability information indicating whether or not intermittent base station reception is supported may be introduced. Also, terminal capability information indicating whether or not the status of intermittent base station reception is supported may be introduced.

[0089] If terminal 20 has the capability to support identification of the status of intermittent base station reception, it may identify whether the intermittent base station reception function is enabled or disabled. For example, terminal 20 may perform the operation of option 1 shown in Embodiment 1. Alternatively, if terminal 20 does not have the capability to support identification of the status of intermittent base station reception, it may perform the operation of option 2 shown in Embodiment 1.

[0090] Furthermore, terminal capability information indicating whether or not it supports DCI instructions that show the status of intermittent base station reception may be introduced. Additionally, terminal capability information indicating whether or not it supports a new terminal-specific / group-common DCI format may be introduced.

[0091] The dependency between base station capability information and terminal capability information may be any of the following options.

[0092] <Option 1> In order to apply intermittent base station reception, it may be required that both base station capability information and terminal capability information indicating support for intermittent base station reception be reported.

[0093] <Option 2> In order to apply intermittent base station reception, it may be sufficient for either base station capability information or terminal capability information indicating support for intermittent base station reception to be reported.

[0094] According to this embodiment, base stations and terminals can report capability information regarding intermittent reception between base stations to each other.

[0095] The terminal capabilities described in each of the above embodiments may be limited to cases where terminal 20 is a function-reduced terminal, or they may be applicable even when terminal 20 is not a function-reduced terminal.

[0096] (Summary of this embodiment 2) Furthermore, in order to reduce power consumption at the base station 10, cell DTX / DRX is being considered. For example, alignment between cell DTX / DRX and UE-DRX in RRC connected mode, and information exchange between nodes regarding cell DTX / DRX are being considered. Note that cell DTX / DRX may be replaced with cell DTX and cell DRX, or with cell DTX or cell DRX.

[0097] The mechanism for enabling or disabling the transmitting and receiving unit of the base station 10 is important for reducing power consumption in the base station 10. To reduce power consumption in the base station 10, the application of DL transmission and UL reception is being considered.

[0098] Cell DTX / DRX is useful for achieving DL transmission and UL reception adaptation. However, the detailed operation of Cell DTX / DRX was not clear. Therefore, Examples 5 to 8 will be described below as specific embodiments relating to Cell DTX / DRX.

[0099] (Example 5) Example 5 describes the definition of cell DTX / DRX. Cell DRX may be defined as in Examples 1 to 4 above. Whether or not to execute cell DRX is determined by upper-level layer parameters, and further, the period, start slot, offset and duration may be set. In addition, the applicability of cell DRX may be determined by a quasi-static, dynamic or flexible network state.

[0100] Cell DTX may be defined as described below. Whether or not to perform Cell DTX is determined by higher-layer parameters, which may further set the period, start slot, offset, and duration. The applicability of Cell DTX may also be determined by quasi-static, dynamic, or flexible network conditions.

[0101] <Option 1> Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating intermittent transmission by a base station according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, the period during which the base station 10 disables or enables its own transmission unit may be introduced as cell DTX.

[0102] The transmitting units and / or parameters to be disabled may be per port, per panel, per beam, per carrier, or per cell. Cell DTX may be defined by some or all of the parameters shown in 1)-6) below. The units of such parameters may be symbols, slots, subframes, milliseconds, or seconds, or other units. The units may be the same or different among such parameters.

[0103] 1) dtx-onDurationTimer: The period from the beginning of the DTX cycle. 2) dtx-SlotOffset: The delay period before starting dtx-onDurationTimer. 3) dtx-InactivityTimer: The period that starts after a DL transmission opportunity (an opportunity when base station 10 performs a DL transmission and terminal 20 receives a DL transmission). 4) dtx-LongCycleStartOffset: dtx-StartOffset which defines the start of a long DTX cycle (i.e., dtx-LongCycle) and long and short DTX cycles. 5) dtx-ShortCycle: A short DTX cycle. This may be optional. 6) dtx-ShortCycleTimer: The period during which base station 10 performs a short DTX cycle. When DL reception occurs during a long DTX, a short DTX is started. This may be optional.

[0104] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating the parameters related to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7, the active time is from the beginning of dtx-LongCycle, after dtx-SlotOffset, for the duration of dtx-onDurationTimer. If DL reception occurs during dtx-LongCycle, the active time ends after dtx-InactivityTimer from the time of DL reception, and dtx-ShortCycle starts. If DL reception occurs during dtx-ShortCycleTimer, dtx-ShortCycle continues. If DL reception does not occur during dtx-ShortCycleTimer, dtx-LongCycle starts.

[0105] When cell DTX is enabled, base station 10 may transmit DL channels or DL ​​signals while dtx-onDurationTimer or dtx-InactivityTimer is operating. As for the operation of terminal 20, when cell DTX is enabled, terminal 20 may receive DL channels or DL ​​signals while dtx-onDurationTimer or dtx-InactivityTimer is operating. Terminal 20 may be assumed to receive DL channels or DL ​​signals when dtx-onDurationTimer or dtx-InactivityTimer is not operating.

[0106] When cell DTX is disabled, terminal 20 may assume that it will receive DL channels or DL ​​signals as notified to or configured to base station 10.

[0107] The DL channel or DL ​​signal may be any of the following: PDCCH, PDSCH, SPS (Semi Persistent Scheduling)-PDSCH, CSI-RS (Channel State Information - Reference Signal), PT-RS (Phase Tracking - Reference Signal), or DM-RS (Demodulation - Reference Signal).

[0108] The UL channel or UL signal may be any of PRACH, PUCCH, PUSCH, CG-PUSCH, SRS, PT-RS, or DM-RS.

[0109] (Example 6) Example 6 describes the settings for Cell DTX / DRX.

[0110] <Option 1> Joint configuration may be performed. Cell DTX and Cell DRX may be configured jointly using common parameters. If common parameters (e.g., CellDTXDRX-Config) are configured, Cell DTX and DRX may be enabled. Terminal 20 may appropriately perform the operation of Embodiment 5.

[0111] The common parameters may include either or both of the information elements 1) and 2) shown below.

[0112] 1) Parameters common to DTX and DRX. Some parameters may be common to DTX and DRX. For example, the parameter indicating the on-duration timer may be common to DTX and DRX. For example, the parameter indicating the cycle may be common to DTX and DRX.

[0113] 2) Parameters separated in DTX and DRX. Some parameters may be set individually in DTX and DRX. For example, the parameter indicating the slot offset may be set individually in DTX and DRX.

[0114] Option 1 can reduce the overhead of RRC signaling.

[0115] <Option 2> Separate configuration may be performed. Cell DTX and Cell DRX may be configured individually by separate parameters. If parameters for DTX (e.g., CellDTX-Config) are set, Cell DTX may be enabled. If parameters for DRX (e.g., CellDRX-Config) are set, Cell DRX may be enabled. The parameters for DTX may include the parameters described in Example 5. The parameters for DRX may include the parameters described in Example 1.

[0116] Option 2 provides greater configuration flexibility when enabling either Cell DTX or Cell DRX.

[0117] (Example 7) Example 7 describes the activation or deactivation of cell DTX / DRX. When cell DTX and cell DRX are set together (Option 1 of Example 6), cell DTX and cell DRX may be activated or deactivated as follows.

[0118] <Option 1> Cell DTX and Cell DRX may be enabled or disabled by RRC signaling. If RRC parameters are set, Cell DTX and Cell DRX may be enabled or disabled. For example, the RRC parameters may be the common parameters in Example 6 (e.g., CellDTXDRX-Config).

[0119] <Option 2> Cell DTX and Cell DRX may be enabled or disabled by MAC-CE. When terminal 20 receives MAC-CE, Cell DTX and Cell DRX may be enabled or disabled.

[0120] <Option 3> Cell DTX and Cell DRX may be enabled or disabled by DCI. Terminal 20 may be dynamically notified by DCI that Cell DTX and Cell DRX have been enabled or disabled. Such notification by DCI may be performed as shown in 1)-4) below.

[0121] 1) The DCI format may be a UE-specific DCI format or a group-common DCI format.

[0122] 2) The DCI format may be an existing format (e.g., DCI format 1_1, 1_2, 2_0) or a new one may be defined (e.g., 1_x, 2_x).

[0123] 3) RNTI may be an existing RNTI (e.g., C-RNTI, SFI-RNTI), or a new RNTI may be defined.

[0124] 4) The DCI fields may be a set of existing fields and / or new fields. For example, if they are a set of existing fields, some fields may be used to enable or disable cell DTX and cell DRX, as shown in Alt. 1) and Alt. 2) below.

[0125] Alt. 1) When scrambling is performed by an existing RNTI such as CS-RNTI, and for example, HPN is set to all "0", RV to all "00", and TDRA to all "1", terminal 20 may dynamically enable cell DTX and cell DRX. Also, for example, when HPN is set to all "0", RV to all "00", MCS to all "1", FDRA to all "1", and TDRA to all "1", terminal 20 may dynamically disable cell DTX and cell DRX.

[0126] Alt. 2) When scrambling is performed with a new RNTI, and for example, HPN is set to all "0" and RV is set to all "00", terminal 20 may dynamically enable cell DTX and cell DRX. Also, for example, when HPN is set to all "0", RV is set to all "00", MCS is set to all "1" and FDRA is set to all "1", terminal 20 may dynamically disable cell DTX and cell DRX.

[0127] For example, if there is a new DCI field, the cell DTX and cell DRX may be enabled or disabled by the new DCI field. The new DCI field may be called the "Cell DTX DRX identifier". For example, if the Cell DTX DRX identifier is set to "1", terminal 20 may dynamically enable the cell DTX and cell DRX. Also, for example, if the Cell DTX DRX identifier is set to "0", terminal 20 may dynamically disable the cell DTX and cell DRX. Note that the DCI including the new DCI field may be scrambled with either the existing RNTI or the new RNTI.

[0128] Furthermore, if cell DTX and cell DRX are configured individually (option 2 in Example 6), cell DTX and cell DRX may be enabled or disabled as follows.

[0129] <Option 1> Cell DTX or Cell DRX may be enabled or disabled by RRC signaling. If RRC parameters are set, Cell DTX or Cell DRX may be enabled or disabled. For example, the RRC parameters may be the separated parameters in Example 6 (e.g., CellDTX-Config, CellDRX-Config).

[0130] <Option 2> Cell DTX or Cell DRX may be enabled or disabled by MAC-CE. When terminal 20 receives MAC-CE, Cell DTX or Cell DRX may be enabled or disabled.

[0131] <Option 3> Terminal 20 may be dynamically notified by DCI that cell DTX or cell DRX has been enabled or disabled. Such notification by DCI may be performed as shown in 1)-4) below.

[0132] 1) The DCI format may be a UE-specific DCI format or a group-common DCI format.

[0133] 2) The DCI format may be an existing format (e.g., DCI format 1_1, 1_2, 2_0) or a new one may be defined (e.g., 1_x, 2_x).

[0134] 3) RNTI may be an existing RNTI (e.g., C-RNTI, SFI-RNTI), or a new RNTI may be defined.

[0135] 4) The DCI fields may be a set of existing fields and / or new fields. For example, different sets of DCI fields may be used to enable or disable a cell DTX or a cell DRX, respectively, so that each set indicates either a cell DTX or a cell DRX. For example, if they are a set of existing fields, several fields may be used to enable or disable a cell DTX and a cell DRX, as shown in Alt. 1) and Alt. 2) below.

[0136] Alt. 1) When scrambling is performed by an existing RNTI such as CS-RNTI, and for example, HPN is set to all "0", RV is set to all "00", and PRI is set to all "1", terminal 20 may dynamically enable cell DTX. Also, for example, when HPN is set to all "0", RV is set to all "00", MCS is set to all "1", FDRA is set to all "1", and PRI is set to all "1", terminal 20 may dynamically disable cell DTX. Also, for example, when HPN is set to all "0", RV is set to all "00", and TDRA is set to all "1", terminal 20 may dynamically enable cell DRX. Also, for example, when HPN is set to all "0", RV is set to all "00", MCS is set to all "1", FDRA is set to all "1", and TDRA is set to all "1", terminal 20 may dynamically disable cell DRX.

[0137] The PRI and TDRA fields may also be used to indicate whether the DCI to be enabled or disabled is CG-PUSCH / SPS-PDSCH or cell DTX / cell DRX.

[0138] Furthermore, the same fields used as described above, such as PRI and TDRA (for example, TDRA), may be used to indicate whether CG-PUSCH / SPS-PDSCH or cell DTX / cell DRX are targeted. When different DCI formats are used, the DCI format may indicate whether cell DTX or cell DRX are targeted. For example, DCI format 0_0 may enable or disable cell DRX, and DCI format 1_0 may enable or disable cell DTX.

[0139] Alt. 2) When scrambling with a new RNTI, for example, if HPN is all set to "0", RV is all set to "00", and PRI is all set to "1", terminal 20 may dynamically enable cell DTX. For example, if HPN is all set to "0", RV is all set to "00", MCS is all set to "1", FDRA is all set to "1", and PRI is all set to "1", terminal 20 may dynamically disable cell DTX. For example, if HPN is all set to "0" and RV is all set to "00", terminal 20 may dynamically enable cell DRX. For example, if HPN is all set to "0", RV is all set to "00", MCS is all set to "1", and FDRA is all set to "1", terminal 20 may dynamically disable cell DRX.

[0140] For example, although PRI is used as described above, additional fields are not required to indicate whether to target cell DTX or cell DRX. When different DCI formats are used, the DCI format may indicate whether to target cell DTX or cell DRX. For example, DCI format 0_0 may enable or disable cell DRX, and DCI format 1_0 may enable or disable cell DTX.

[0141] For example, if it is a new DCI field, the new DCI field may enable or disable cell DTX or cell DRX. The new DCI field may be called a "Cell DTX identifier" or a "Cell DRX identifier".

[0142] When cell DTX and cell DRX are notified separately in separate fields, for example, if the cell DTX identifier is set to "1", terminal 20 may dynamically enable cell DTX. Also, for example, if the cell DTX identifier is set to "0", terminal 20 may dynamically disable cell DTX. For example, if the cell DRX identifier is set to "1", terminal 20 may dynamically enable cell DRX. Also, for example, if the cell DRX identifier is set to "0", terminal 20 may dynamically disable cell DRX.

[0143] Furthermore, the new DCI field may be called the "Cell DTX DRX identifier". When Cell DTX and Cell DRX are notified together in a common field, for example, if the Cell DTX DRX identifier is set to "01", terminal 20 may dynamically enable Cell DTX or dynamically disable Cell DRX. For example, if the Cell DTX DRX identifier is set to "10", terminal 20 may dynamically enable Cell DRX or dynamically disable Cell DTX. For example, if the Cell DTX DRX identifier is set to "11", terminal 20 may dynamically enable Cell DTX and Cell DRX. For example, if the Cell DTX DRX identifier is set to "00", terminal 20 may dynamically enable Cell DTX and Cell DRX. The bit mapping of Cell DTX and Cell DRX described above may be reversed.

[0144] Furthermore, the DCI including the new DCI field may be scrambled with either the existing RNTI or the new RNTI.

[0145] The timing for applying the activation or deactivation of cell DTX or cell DRX as notified by MAC-CE or DCI, as described above, may be either 1) or 2) below.

[0146] 1) Terminal 20 may be immediately enabled or disabled. When MAC-CE or DCI notifies the activation or deactivation of cell DTX or cell DRX, cell DTX or cell DRX may be immediately enabled or disabled.

[0147] 2) Terminal 20 may be enabled or disabled at the notified time. The timing of enabling or disabling cell DTX or cell DRX may be notified via RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or DCI as an interval or a certain time from the time the enabling or disabling is notified. The unit of time may be a symbol, slot, subframe, millisecond, or second, etc. When the enabling or disabling of cell DTX or cell DRX is notified via MAC-CE or DCI, cell DTX or cell DRX may be enabled or disabled at the previously notified time.

[0148] (Example 8) Example 8 describes the related operation of cell DTX / DRX and UE DRX. If the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX are not aligned, terminal 20 may wake up to receive a DL channel or DL ​​signal when DL transmission is not being performed for cell DTX.

[0149] Therefore, it may operate as shown in Options 1-5 below.

[0150] <Option 1> If UE DRX (for example, DRX-Config) is configured, terminal 20 does not need to assume that cell DTX is configured.

[0151] <Option 2> If cell DTX is set, terminal 20 does not need to assume that UE DRX (for example, DRX-Config) is set. Note that the parameters of cell DTX may be the parameters described in Example 6.

[0152] <Option 3> If UE DRX is configured (for example, DRX-Config), terminal 20 does not need to assume that a cell DTX is configured whose time position does not match that of UE DRX. If the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX match, cell DTX and UE DRX may be configured jointly.

[0153] <Option 4> If cell DTX is set, terminal 20 does not need to assume that UE DRX (e.g., DRX-Config) is set if its time position does not match that of cell DTX. If the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX match, cell DTX and UE DRX may be set jointly.

[0154] <Option 5> Cell DTX and UE DRX may be set on terminal 20 regardless of whether the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX are aligned or not. Also, if cell DTX is set in addition to UE DRX, the parameters of cell DTX may take precedence. Terminal 20 may ignore the parameters of UE DRX. Terminal 20 may operate as in Example 5. Also, if cell DTX is set in addition to UE DRX, the parameters of both may be applied. Terminal 20 may wake up during the active time of both cell DTX and cell DRX.

[0155] The above statement, "The time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX are aligned," may be defined as in Option 1 or Option 2 shown below.

[0156] <Option 1> If the long cycle is the same for cell DTX and UE DRX, it may be defined that the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX are aligned.

[0157] <Option 1-1> Furthermore, if the long cycles are the same for cell DTX and UE DRX, the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX may be defined as being aligned regardless of the active time within the long cycle. That is, if the long cycle of cell DTX (e.g., dtx-LongCycle) and the long cycle of UE DRX (e.g., drx-LongCycle) are the same, the time positions may be defined as being aligned.

[0158] <Option 1-2> If the long cycle is the same for cell DTX and UE DRX, it may be further defined that the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX are aligned, depending on the active time within the long cycle. If the on-period timers and slot offsets (e.g., dtx-LongCycle, drx-LongCycle, dtx-onDurationTimer, drx-onDurationTimer, dtx-SlotOffset, drx-SlotOffset) in the long cycle are the same for cell DTX and UE DRX, it may be defined that the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX are aligned. Furthermore, other parameters (e.g., dtx-InactivityTimer, drx-InactivityTimer, etc.) may be additionally considered to determine whether the above definition is satisfied.

[0159] <Option 2> If, in addition to the long cycle, the short cycle is the same for cell DTX and UE DRX, then the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX may be defined as being aligned. Option 2 may be applied when the conditions of Option 1-1 or Option 1-2 are met.

[0160] <Option 2-1> Furthermore, if the short cycles are the same for cell DTX and UE DRX, the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX may be defined as being aligned regardless of the active time within the short cycle. That is, if the short cycle of cell DTX (e.g., dtx-ShortCycle) and the short cycle of UE DRX (e.g., drx-ShortCycle) are the same, the time positions may be defined as being aligned.

[0161] <Option 2-2> If the short cycle is the same for cell DTX and UE DRX, it may be further defined that the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX are aligned, depending on the active time within the short cycle. If the short cycle timers and short cycles (e.g., dtx-ShortCycleTimer, drx-ShortCycleTimer, dtx-ShortCycle, drx-ShortCycle) are the same for cell DTX and UE DRX, it may be defined that the time positions of cell DTX and UE DRX are aligned.

[0162] (Summary of this embodiment 3) (Example 9) Here, the following technologies are being considered for Network energy saving (NES).

[0163] On-demand SSB and / or SIB1 transmission is being considered. For example, transmitting on-demand S1B1 or SSB to idle UEs, and transmitting on-demand SSB and other DL signals to connected UEs in SCell is being considered. Note that SSB may be replaced with an SS / PBCH block. Note that " / " may be replaced with "and / or", "and", or "or".

[0164] The methods described in 1)-3) below have been considered to trigger on-demand SSB and / or SIB1 transmission.

[0165] 1) Triggered based on the UE's UL-WUS (Wake-up signal). This may be used in non-CA cases, for example, and may be an existing or new signal. 2) Triggered based on a backhaul signal indicating cell ON or OFF. 3) Triggered based on SCell enable or disable signaling.

[0166] Furthermore, operation without SSB and / or SIB1 may be performed in multi-carrier scenarios. For example, assuming that a UE is available to another carrier (e.g., an anchor cell), SSB and / or SIB1 may be absent in non-anchor NES cells for idle or inactive UEs.

[0167] The choice between on-demand SSB and / or SIB1 transmission and transmission without SSB and / or SIB1 may be determined based on the advantages in the target scenario. Optimization of common signal and / or channel transmission is also being considered.

[0168] Figure 8 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example (1) of OSI (On-demand system information) transmission according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention. Figure 8 is an example of an MSG1 (Message 1 in Random Access Procedure) based SIB request, and CFRA (Contention Free Random Access) may be assumed. In step S101, terminal 20 transmits a system information request indicating a specific SIB type to base station 10 by using pre-allocated PRACH resources and a preamble in MSG1. In step S102, base station 10 transmits MSG2 to terminal 20 in response. In step S103, base station 10 transmits the requested system information to terminal 20.

[0169] Figure 9 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example (2) of OSI transmission according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention. Figure 9 is an example of an MSG3 (Message 3 in Random Access Procedure) based SIB request, and CBRA (Contention Based Random Access) may also be assumed. In step S201, terminal 20 transmits MSG1 to base station 10. In step S202, base station 10 transmits MSG2 to terminal 20. In step S203, terminal 20 transmits MSG3 to base station 10, which contains information indicating a system information request. In step S204, base station 10 transmits MSG4 to terminal 20. In step S205, base station 10 transmits the requested system information to terminal 20.

[0170] Figure 10 shows an example of an on-demand SSB according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention. The on-demand SSB can be notified or transmitted during various procedures in carrier aggregation. It is assumed that the basic information of the on-demand SSB is set by RRC signaling, and then an activation command is notified just before it is actually transmitted by MAC-CE or the like.

[0171] Furthermore, a notification may be issued in SCell indicating that the characteristics or period of an existing SSB or an always-on SSB are changed or adapted.

[0172] As shown in Figure 10, regarding the operation related to on-demand SSB, Scenario #2 considers the operation when SCell is set to an inactive state. Scenario #2A considers the operation when an SCell activation command is received. Scenario #3A considers the operation from the time the SCell activation command is received until SCell activation is completed. Scenario #3B considers the operation when SCell activation is completed, or after SCell activation is completed.

[0173] (Example 10) In the case of existing specifications, a reference signal (RS) called an SSB is required in the PCell, which is a periodic signal that is always on. The UE uses this SSB to perform time-frequency synchronization, AGC (Auto Gain Control), and PCI (Physical Cell Identity) identification during initial access. Furthermore, in subsequent operations during communication (PDCH monitoring, etc.), it is expected that the RS will be used for time-frequency tracking and channel estimation based on QCL assumption. In addition, the cell and / or beam to be used will be determined by measuring the quality of the reference signal.

[0174] During RRC connection, a UE can receive DMRS based on the reception of periodic TRS (Tracking RS) associated with QCL assumptions, in addition to SSB. On the other hand, the transmission of periodic reference signals such as SSB or TRS can lead to frequent wake-ups of the base station, which can become a bottleneck in reducing base station power consumption.

[0175] The states in which periodic reference signals are used for UEs primarily include initial access (up to cell camp-on), UEs in RRC idle, UEs during random access procedures, and UEs in RRC connection. For example, for UEs in RRC connection, the periodic reference signal may be reduced, and the reference signal may be provided on demand only when truly needed.

[0176] Figure 11 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of operation related to an on-demand RS according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. In step S301, the BS and UE perform the conditions and / or settings for the on-demand RS. In step S302, the BS may perform the settings and / or notification of the on-demand RS to the UE on carrier cell #1 and / or carrier cell #2. In step S303, the BS may notify the UE of the characteristics of the on-demand RS on carrier cell #1 and / or carrier cell #2. In step S304, the BS and UE perform operations using the on-demand RS. For example, the BS and UE perform wake-up, L1 / L3 measurement, and carrier and / or cell activation.

[0177] The UE may be provided with a reference signal on demand during a procedure to perform subsequent processing, and may use the on-demand RS to perform the subsequent processing. For example, it may perform the operations shown in 1)-6) below.

[0178] 1) Prerequisites, pre-configurations, and notifications for sending On-Demand RS to enable On-Demand RS operations. 2) Definition of the physical characteristics of On-Demand RS (especially new QCL types). 3) Processing using On-Demand RS during procedures in idle mode. 4) Processing using On-Demand RS during random access procedures. 5) Processing using On-Demand RS during procedures in connected mode. 6) Processing using On-Demand RS during procedures other than those mentioned above (especially during procedures to wake up the UE and / or BS from sleep state).

[0179] Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of operation related to an on-demand RS according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. As shown in Figure 12, UE-A is located in a location where carrier #1 and carrier #3 can be received, and UE-B is located in a location where carrier #1 and carrier #2 can be received.

[0180] As shown in Figure 12, BS may provide a reference signal to UE-A on demand or aperiodically immediately before data communication occurs in carrier #1 to achieve the following 1) and 2).

[0181] 1) BS and / or UE may use on-demand RS for time-frequency synchronization and / or QCL assumption to improve the transmission and reception quality of data communication. 2) UE may be in UE sleep state until it receives on-demand RS, or it may wake up after receiving on-demand RS and perform data transmission and reception.

[0182] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 12, UE-A may perform multi-carrier determination measurements using on-demand RS at carrier #3, and in a multi-carrier environment, it may measure the quality of other superimposed carriers on demand as needed, and also measure the quality of adjacent carriers or cells on demand.

[0183] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 12, UE-B may perform measurements for mobility determination using on-demand RS in carrier #2.

[0184] As shown in Figure 12, the BS may transition to a sleep state except when transmitting periodic RS (e.g., 160 ms period) or on-demand RS.

[0185] For next-generation operation, the following actions 1)-4) may be performed.

[0186] 1) The UE monitors the frequency (sync raster) to detect perch carriers in the system. 2) When a perch carrier is detected, the UE obtains some system information. 3) Based on this system information, the UE performs random access on the anchor carrier and establishes an RRC connection. 4) The UE performs data transmission and reception on the data carrier set by the anchor carrier.

[0187] Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a network connection according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. The following describes the operation of 1) frequency monitoring, 2) perch carrier, 3) anchor carrier, and 4) data carrier shown in Figure 13.

[0188] 1) The frequency monitoring syncluster may be limited. For example, the number of candidates may be less than that of the NR. An extension of the cell search period per frequency may be induced. For example, a frequency-specific SSB period may be set for the NES. As shown in Figure 13, frequency resources where perch carriers may be located may be monitored.

[0189] 2) Perch Carrier: The perch carrier may be an initial frequency used for any connection. The perch carrier may not be limited to use cases or device types. For example, it may include a narrowband covering IoT devices. Primarily common signals, such as always-on signals like SSB, MIB, and SIB, may be transmitted on the perch carrier. System information may include information indicating whether an anchor carrier is available in the system and whether or not an anchor carrier should be used. For example, in a two-level synchronization mechanism, coarser synchronization may be performed on the perch carrier. The anchor carrier and data carrier may be used after the perch carrier. This makes it possible to cover and expand any future use cases.

[0190] 3) Anchor Carrier: The anchor carrier is a frequency used for connection, control, etc. For example, it may be used for the applications shown in a)-e) below.

[0191] a) SIB for eMBB, connection establishment, etc. b) Signals that are not always on, such as LP-WUS, WUR (BStoUE / UEtoBS), NES / UE-BS. c) More accurate synchronization in two-level synchronization mechanisms. d) Synchronization on anchors applied to data carriers. e) Provision of information related to data carriers.

[0192] Carriers may be defined for each UE, each UE group, each use case, and each service. In some cases, the functions of the anchor carrier may be integrated into the perch carrier.

[0193] 4) Data Carrier: The data carrier is the frequency used for data transmission and reception. It is not necessary for always-on signals to be transmitted in the data carrier. For example, capacity may be assumed to be used as an additional carrier.

[0194] Furthermore, the following options 1) or 2) may be specified as applications for the perch carrier.

[0195] Option 1) Used only for the initial step and, for example, the fallback step in anchor carrier mobility. Option 2) Continuously monitored. Used in perch carrier mobility.

[0196] Note that some devices do not require the use of a perch carrier. For example, devices like A-IoT do not need to perform cell search or RRC connection.

[0197] Figure 14 is a flowchart illustrating an example of operation related to an on-demand RS according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. In step S401, a predetermined condition is met, or a setting is notified to the UE from a predetermined cell. In step S402, the UE may, based on the predetermined setting and / or notification from the BS, anticipate and / or receive the transmission of a predetermined on-demand reference signal or reference signal, or, in a certain predetermined state and / or procedure, perform a predetermined subsequent operation based on the reference signal.

[0198] In step S401, the notification of the predetermined conditions or settings from a predetermined cell may be any combination of 1)-4) shown below, or any case.

[0199] 1) When a designated cell (for example, a cell used by a UE, a cell from which PCell, RS, or on-demand RS is transmitted, or a cell from which such notification is transmitted) is configured or notified, semi-statically configured or notified by RRC, or dynamically configured or notified by MAC-CE or DCI.

[0200] 2) Whether or not a predetermined cell (for example, a cell used by a UE, a PCell, a cell from which an RS is transmitted, or a cell from which such notification is transmitted) is configured as TDD, FDD, SUL, Unlicensed, Sidelink, mTRP, DC, FR2, FR1, or FR3. The predetermined cell may be limited to a PCell, SPcell, SCell, PUCCH-SCell, TA group, MCG (Master cell group), SCG (Secondary cell group), a carrier or cell providing cell selection, a carrier or cell providing initial cell selection, a carrier or cell providing cell re-selection, a carrier or cell providing C-plane transmission, a carrier or cell providing only C-plane transmission, a carrier or cell providing U-plane transmission, a carrier or cell providing only U-plane transmission, a carrier or cell providing a predetermined use (voice, video, URLLC, NTN, IoT), or it may be limited to a perch carrier, anchor carrier, or data carrier.

[0201] 3) When an RS defining a cell, an RS not defining a cell, or an SSB is transmitted on a thin cluster or not transmitted on a thin cluster. This is also acceptable if the RS satisfies the specified conditions.

[0202] 4) The UE is in a specified state, any combination of the following: • The UE has reported or addressed the NAS or AS capability related to the function. • The UE has completed or has not completed the NAS or AS security setup. • The specified signaling or data bearer has not been established or has been established. For example, the voice bearer / emergency call bearer has not been established. For example, only in the case of critical communications or emergency calls. • The UE's policy or UE capability is for a specific communication purpose or relates to a specific communication.

[0203] Furthermore, all on-demand RSs may be RSs triggered by a UE request, or RSs sent via network trigger without a UE request.

[0204] The predetermined setting and / or notification method (signaling) of the BS in step S402 may be any of 1)-3) shown below, or any combination thereof.

[0205] 1) This may be an explicit notification, or it may be a cell-specific RRC signaling, a UE-specific RRC signaling, a cell-specific MAC-CE, a UE-specific MAC-CE, a group common, or a UE-specific DCI. For example, it may be a reference signal (e.g., SSB), a reference signal payload transmitted only on demand, a reference signal not transmitted on demand, or an always-on reference signal.

[0206] 2) This may be an implicit notification (when certain conditions are met) or a combination of an explicit notification. For example, it may be when the conditions described in "Conditions related to physical channel status" and "Multiple states of UE or BS sleep mode" below are met.

[0207] 3) The above signaling may be transmitted in a designated cell (any combination of the following) and received by the UE: • A single cell or a cell operating in a single-carrier configuration • A multi-cell or multi-carrier configuration • A cell that is always in use by the UE, a PCell, a camp-on cell, or an activated cell • A cell to which an on-demand RS is transmitted or a cell to which an on-demand RS configuration or transmission notification (activation or notification) is transmitted

[0208] Furthermore, with respect to the predetermined content provided by the predetermined setting and / or notification of the BS in step S402, the setting or setting of multiple lists and / or sets may be provided by the signaling of a higher layer as described above, and the transmission of an on-demand RS may be notified by the signaling of a lower layer by notifying a subset or part of that setting, or it may be notified by an identifier or the identifier (id or index) of the multiple lists and / or sets, or if there is no notification, the 0th (e.g., index0 or 1) of the higher layer setting may be implicitly notified.

[0209] The predetermined content provided in the predetermined setting and / or notification of BS in step S402 may be any of the following 1)-7) or any combination thereof.

[0210] 1) Identifiers, sets, or lists related to Cell: - Serving cell index, ID, physical cell identifier (PCI), cell group identifier (CGI), SCell index, ID, BWP, BWP ID. - Perch carrier, anchor carrier, data carrier type / ID.

[0211] 2) Identifiers, sets, or lists relating to frequency or on-demand RS: • ARFCN-NR, ARFCN-NR list, band, band list, band combination, band combination list (may be a combination of notification cell or carrier and on-demand RS, or a combination to which on-demand RS is applicable or usable (e.g., synchronization, QCL, power, ...)). • smtc, smtcID, measobject, measobjectID, CSI-RS resource, CSI-RS resource set, CSI-RS resource list, CSI-RS index or id, ssb, ssb index, on-demand RS settings, id or index of a list of sets of on-demand RS settings.

[0212] 3) Candidate characteristics of on-demand RS or candidate characteristics of on-demand RS associated with the above granularity or set: - Transmission state of on-demand RS. Default transmission state of on-demand RS. Activation (transmission in progress), deactivation (transmission not in progress), suspended (transmission temporarily stopped), resume (transmission pause released), etc. - Characteristics related to the frequency domain. For example, the subcarrier spacing may always be the same as or different from other signals or channels. Starting RB, starting PRB, number of RBs, number of PRBs, frequency density, and position in the frequency domain may also be included. Starting RB, starting PRB, number of RBs, number of PRBs, frequency density, and position in the frequency domain may also be included for CSI-RS only. Whether or not it is on a thin cluster, inside or outside a BWP, inside an active BWP, or outside an active BWP may also be included. Whether or not it is on an SSB-only thin cluster, within or outside a BWP, within an active BWP, or outside an active BWP. It may also be the bandwidth of the SSB, the bandwidth of the RS, or the bandwidth of the SI PDCCH. The above may be one or more units of subcarrier, RE, RB, PRB, RBG, BWP, carrier, band, FR, frequency (e.g., arfcn), cell, or cell group, and may be configurable by RRC, and may be limited to continuous subcarriers, RE, RB, RB groups, continuous carriers, or discontinuous carriers, and may indicate whether they are continuous or not.

[0213] 4) Characteristics related to the time domain: - Period or periodicity (e.g., 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, 160 ms, 320 ms, or 640 ms), offset within the period. - Number of opportunities, number of transmissions within an opportunity, duration of an opportunity, duration of transmissions within an opportunity (e.g., number of SSB bursts, number of SSB indices, index position). - A certain RS burst (a certain opportunity): after a trigger, it triggers RS transmissions of 1, 2, 3, ..., N times / RS burst, it triggers RS transmissions for M periods, it triggers RS transmissions for X [ms] minutes. - Behavior in the time domain: aperiodic, quasi-persistent, periodic. The behavior in the time domain may define other characteristics that can be set, or different other characteristics may be set. For example, the period may be set only in the case of periodic or quasi-persistent, or the number of SSB bursts may be set only in the case of aperiodic. - Repeated on or off (repeated transmission with the same QCL type or the same QCL type D) (may be limited to the case of CSI-RS). - Number of resources, number of resource sets, symbol start position, number of symbols, symbol end position. Number of resources, number of resource sets, symbol start position, number of symbols, symbol end position in the case of CSI-RS. Number of resources, number of resource sets, symbol start position, number of symbols, symbol end position in the case of nzp-CSI-RS. - Position and / or number of transmissions of a certain RS. Position and / or number of transmissions within an RS burst. Position and / or number of transmissions at a certain index of an RS. - RS with the applicable transmit beam, assumed receive beam, and predetermined QCL relationship (e.g., QCL type D). RS with the applicable transmit beam, assumed receive beam, and predetermined QCL relationship (e.g., QCL type D) for each RS with a different RS index / position. A transmit beam, an assumed receive beam, and a predetermined QCL relationship (e.g., QCL type D) applied to each RS with a different RS index or position. A transmit beam, an assumed receive beam, and a predetermined QCL relationship (e.g., QCL type D) applied to each RS with a different RS index / position. Only specific RSs may be able to take the predetermined QCL relationship (e.g., a CSI-RS that is not a TRS, a CSI-RS without repetition, transmitted within X symbols, transmitted in the same PRB, transmitted at a frequency within YPRB).

[0214] The above may be in any of the following units: symbol, slot, subframe, halfframe, wireless frame, SFN, HFN, msec, sub-msec, sec, minute, or hour. It may be limited to consecutive "transmissions of an opportunity or within an opportunity," or it may notify "transmissions of an opportunity or within an opportunity" that are not consecutive. For example, if Y bitmaps are notified and the bits are 0 or 1, one or more RS bursts may be transmitted in the corresponding opportunity, and each bit in the bitmap may mean one or a predetermined number of RS bursts.

[0215] 5) Characteristics relating to the time and / or frequency domain between multiple RSs: - The time and / or frequency gap between one RS burst or multiple RS bursts (one occasion). The gap may be applied uniformly to all multiple time intervals between RS bursts (for example, if three or more SS bursts are set), or multiple gaps may be set and applied independently to multiple time intervals (in which case, the range of RS bursts to which a certain gap #X is applied may be set by index, time width and / or number of times). When this gap is set, the UE may interpret that two or more or more RS bursts are set. The start point of this gap may be the transmission start position or transmission end position of the immediately preceding RS burst, and the end point of the gap may be the transmission start position or transmission end position of the subsequent RS burst. The transmission start or end position may be a symbol, slot, subframe, halfframe, radio frame, SFN, HFN, msec, sub-msec, sec, minute, or hour in which the RS burst exists, or it may be a symbol in which the SSB index or position of the RS burst actually exists, and the gap unit and the gap start and end position may be defined or set in the same unit. If other RS ​​(e.g., always-on SSB) or on-demand RS is tied to a specific application, the transmission resources of the on-demand RS may be notified by the time and / or frequency gap with other channels or signals (e.g., DMRS, PDCCH, wake-up signal (LP-WUS)), and the granularity of the offset may be n units in the time and / or frequency domain as described above.

[0216] 6) Time offset, or time offset with a predetermined cell (PCell, predetermined SCell): Half frame, integerSubframeOffset, sfn0-Offset, sfn-SSB-Offset, symbol, slot offset. Note that a negative value may be set, a parameter indicating the absolute value of the offset and a parameter indicating positive or negative may be set separately, or a parameter may be set to indicate that the offset is less than or within a certain value. Note that a symbol, slot, subframe, half frame, frame, wireless frame, SFN, HFN, msec, sub-msec, or an integer N in sec units may be set.

[0217] 7) Notification regarding the use of On-Demand RS: It may be any of the uses listed below, and may be set or notified in association with a procedure or any combination of procedures as described in a certain predetermined state and / or procedure in step S402, as well as the set of settings for the use, and parameters related to resources (e.g., LP-WUS, CORESET, search space, TCI status, CSI report ID, time and / or frequency resources). Uses: cell activation, L1 measurement, L3 measurement, cell time synchronization, cell frequency synchronization, pause recovery for channel estimation (QCL), known cell transition, etc.

[0218] The predetermined content provided in the predetermined settings and / or notifications of BS in step S402 may be any of 1)-3) shown below, or any combination thereof. The predetermined settings and / or notifications of BS may also be settings and / or notifications relating to on-demand RS.

[0219] 1) Other predetermined physical characteristics or relationships, or other predetermined physical characteristics or relationships with a predetermined cell or RS, other predetermined physical characteristics or relationships of the on-demand RS, or other predetermined physical characteristics or relationships with a predetermined cell or RS: - Synchronization information or synchronization support information, e.g., whether the on-demand RS, the cell from which the on-demand RS is transmitted, and other cells or other RSs are synchronized in time and / or frequency, the value of the time and / or frequency deviation, and whether the time and / or frequency deviation is less than or equal to a predetermined value. - Power information or power support information (e.g., power difference): whether the on-demand RS, the cell from which the on-demand RS is transmitted, and other cells or other RSs have the same power, whether the power difference is less than or equal to a predetermined value, and the value of the power difference. - Time information or time support information (e.g., RTT (round trip time) or delay): whether the on-demand RS or the cell from which the on-demand RS is transmitted, and other cells or other RSs have the same power, whether the power difference is less than or equal to a predetermined value, and the value of the power difference. - Transmission location or point information: The latitude, longitude, or altitude of the transmission location or point of the on-demand RS or the cell from which the on-demand RS is transmitted, and of other cells or other RSs, is X [m] (may be determined from the antenna size or carrier frequency, or specified in units of X times those). - Polarization information: The polarization of the on-demand RS or the cell from which the on-demand RS is transmitted, or of that RS / cell and other cells / other RSs, including whether it is circularly polarized, horizontally polarized, the relationship (angle) of the polarization planes, the polarization plane shift, etc.

[0220] Furthermore, with respect to the above physical information, if it can be assumed that two RSs or cells are pseudo-equal or that the deviation is less than or equal to a predetermined value over a predetermined period, it may be defined as a new QCL type (e.g., E), multiple PCL types may be defined by the value of the deviation, or a new QCL may be defined by combining the new QCL with other existing QCLs (types A / B / C / D).

[0221] Furthermore, QCL information or existing QCL information may also refer to information that an on-demand RS, a cell from which an on-demand RS is transmitted, and other cells or other RSs can be assumed to have a relationship related to the following parameters (QCL type A / B / C / D). These parameters may be Doppler velocity, Doppler shift, average gain, or spatial reception parameters.

[0222] The reference signal information may, for example, be the cell index of a cell that can reference other RS ​​(e.g., TRS resources), time, frequency, and / or QCL of the associated cell.

[0223] 2) Other domain-related characteristics: Antenna: Number of antenna ports, antenna port index, port subset, port indicator, antenna subset pattern by spatial domain adaptation type 1 or 2, antenna subset pattern by NES spatial domain adaptation type 1 or 2, MIMO method, number of layers. CDM (Code division multiplexing) type, CDM group, CDM group index, scrambling, scrambling ID, preamble, preamble ID, CSI-IM, NZP-CSI, ZP-CSI.

[0224] 3) Parameters related to the generation of the reference signal: DMRS, TRS, synchronization signal, or the sequence used to generate PTRS, or the input values ​​for generating said sequence, etc.

[0225] With respect to the predetermined on-demand reference signal or reference signal in step S402, the UE may receive it assuming any combination of 1)-7) below or 1)-7), and may also receive it based on the predetermined settings and / or notifications of the BS mentioned above.

[0226] 1) RS base: PSS (Primary synchronization signal), SSS (secondary synchronization signal), CSI-RS, PTRS, DMRS, TRS, RIM RS, or a new RS composed of the following physical resources.

[0227] 2) Sequence or method for generating a sequence: This may be a pseudo-random sequence generation (length-31 Gold sequence), a Low-PAPR sequence, or an OFDM baseband signal. The pseudo-random sequence c(m) may be defined according to section 5.2.1 of Non-Patent Literature 4. The pseudo-random sequence generator may be initialized with C_init = ((20^10)*("×"slot number in wireless frame"×"OFDM symbol number in slot"+1)*(n_id +1)+n_id)mod(2^31). n_ID may be a parameter set in a higher layer (scrambling id), a parameter used for generating PSS and SSS that determine PCI, a predetermined carrier id determined for each perch / anchor / data carrier, a physical / logical carrier id, a parameter that identifies the carrier id, or a parameter that identifies the physical / logical carrier id.

[0228] 3) Physical Channels: A PBCH or a new PBCH may be defined narrowband for a perch channel (e.g., a carrier or channel dedicated to initial cell selection) or broadband for an anchor carrier or data carrier.

[0229] 4) The antenna port may be one or two, or it may be assumed to be the same as the other RS ​​(e.g., always-on RS, reference RS, DMRS).

[0230] 5) The UE may assume that the on-demand RS does not overlap with other predetermined RSs (e.g., SSB, DMRS, CSI-RS) at a predetermined granularity (e.g., RE).

[0231] 6) Settings or notifications from BS, or content included in a predetermined on-demand reference signal or reference signal: This may be predetermined content provided in the predetermined settings or notifications of BS as described above, or the predetermined notification may be made by notifying an index or ID associated with the predetermined settings and / or notifications of BS. The content included may be as follows:

[0232] UE ID, identifier, group ID, group identifier: UE identity, IMSI, IMEI, RNTI, C-RNTI.

[0233] - Instructions for UE operation related to RS reception: These may be any procedure described in a certain predetermined state and / or procedure described later, for example, transmitting msg1 or PRACH, transitioning to a predetermined UE sleep or wake-up state, performing L1 or L3 measurement, transitioning to another cell or carrier, or activating another cell or carrier.

[0234] - This may be the specified content provided in the aforementioned BS settings and / or notifications, or it may be the resources related to the procedures of a certain specified state and / or procedure described later. For example, it may be the following: - Time and / or frequency resources for other or next occasions of on-demand RS - Parameters related to Msg1 transmission: Time resources, Frequency resources, Root sequences, Prach-ConfigurationIndex, Cyclic shifts and restrict type (unrestricted, restricted set A, or restricted set B), PRACH occasion index, Set of PRACH occasion indexes, Set of PRACH occasion indexes associated with a single Mask Index, PRACH occasion index or Set of PRACH occasion index associated with one SSB, Preamble index or Preamble index associated with one SSB / PRACH occasion), SSB and PRACH mapping information Information, the threshold of received signal strength (e.g., RSRP), and the association period index.- Parameters related to Msg3: frequency hopping, frequency resource allocation, frequency resource allocation, MCS, TPC command, CSI report request, SRS request are also acceptable.

[0235] 7) The resource on which the reference signal is transmitted may be determined based on the predetermined settings and / or notifications described above, and the physical configuration of the RE (subcarrier) or symbol-level signal or channel may be predefined.

[0236] In step S402, a certain predetermined state and / or procedure may be limited to being in a certain UE or BS sleep mode or not in a sleep mode in each of the aforementioned UE procedures, and "multiple states of UE or BS sleep mode" may be defined / specified, and the multiple states may be distinguished by the following elements 1)-2), and may be classified by names such as light sleep, micro sleep, deep sleep, ultra deep sleep, etc., and may be notified as UE AS or NAS capability, BS type or capability, and may notify each other.

[0237] 1) Transition time, energy consumption, energy saving gain, additional transition energy, total transition time, relative power.

[0238] 2) Receivable signals or channels, characteristics of receivable signals or channels, requirements for receivable signals or channels, or processing time. For example, only always-on RS can be transmitted and received, only periodic RS, only PDCCH, only UE or BS wake-up (low power wake-up signal, low power synchronization signal). For example, only perch carrier, anchor carrier, or data carrier, and only one of FDD, TDD, or SUL respectively, or only DL or UL. For example, only RS with a period of X ms or less can be received, only PDCCH with a payload size, number of different payload sizes, number of formats, aggregation level, and number of blind decodes less than or equal to X can be received, a given PDDCH or PDSCH can be processed within X ms, etc. For example, maximum processing frequency bandwidth, maximum number of MIMO layers, maximum TRP, etc.

[0239] In step S402, a certain predetermined state and / or procedure may be limited to whether or not a certain physical channel condition exists in each of the aforementioned UE procedures, and a “state relating to a physical channel condition” may be defined or specified, and multiple states may be distinguished by the elements 1)-20) shown below, and these states may be notified between the BS and the UE, or notified to each other, and the UE may decide to perform subsequent actions. RS transmission and reception may be performed only when truly necessary, for example, when the quality of always-on RS is poor or the characteristics are insufficient and on-demand RS needs to be provided.

[0240] 1) Whether the reception quality of a predetermined reference signal transmitted from a predetermined cell meets or does not meet predetermined conditions. 2) Whether the reception quality of a predetermined channel or signal transmitted from a predetermined cell meets or does not meet predetermined conditions. 3) Error rate of PDCCH or PDSCH, error rate of demodulation performance of PDCCH or PDSCH, etc. May be defined or reported as a percentage of maximum throughput (%), SNR (Signal-to-noise ratio) or SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) [dB], target BLER (Block error rate) (%) (e.g., 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001), the average probability of a missed downlink scheduling grant (Pm-dsg) (%) (e.g., 1), for each PDSCH or PDCCH content or transmission condition (e.g., Table 5.2-1 of Non-Patent Literature 6: Common test parameters). 4) The BS was unable to receive a predetermined channel, signal, or signaling for a predetermined period of time. 5) The buffer status satisfies a predetermined condition. 6) The notified MCS satisfies a predetermined condition. 7) The predetermined measurement results reported to the BS (e.g., L3, L1, CSI beam, cell) satisfy or do not satisfy a predetermined condition. 8) The moving speed of the UE satisfies a predetermined condition. For example, stationary or not stationary, high-speed train, high speed, medium speed, low speed. These may be values ​​measured by CSI Doppler, time-domain related profiles, or may be defined or reported as a certain value or a quantized value, or may be defined or reported after being converted to Doppler frequency, delay, etc. 9) The position of the UE satisfies a predetermined condition (e.g., LOS or NLOS, blocking, scattering, etc. are present in the surroundings). The measurement determining the above may be measured by a predetermined position or by sensing.

[0241] Furthermore, all of the above conditions may be limited to signals or channels received from a designated cell, or limited to those transmitted or reported to a designated cell, and such association may be established or notified by BS.

[0242] Furthermore, all of the above conditions may be limited to cases where a report has been submitted to the BS or determined within the UE within or before a specified period, or where a valid report has been submitted to the BS or a valid value is held within the UE.

[0243] The specified conditions may include cases where the specified threshold is exceeded or fallen below a specified threshold for a specified period or for only X samples, cases where reception was not possible, or cases where a CRC error occurred or the CRC was OK. The measurement quantity may be L3 / L1 RSRP / RSRQ / SINR. The L3 / L1 filter may be present or absent. The measurement quality may be a threshold set by RRC, notified by BS, or a predefined threshold.

[0244] 10) The groups related to timing advance are different or the same. 11) Notified or reported by BS as an adjacent cell during idle and connected states. 12) L1 or L3 measured or not measured during idle and connected states. For example, reported to BS at a predetermined event of measurement reporting or reported to BS X seconds ago. X may be determined based on the parameters measCycleSCell, DRX cycles. 13) Known cell or not known cell (unknown cell). 14) Time and / or frequency synchronization information of the cell held by UE is lost or synchronization is insufficient. 15) Quality information of the cell held by UE (e.g., CSI, L1 measurement, L3 measurement) is lost.

[0245] 16) A predetermined timer has expired or a predetermined timer is active. For example, if a predetermined timer value, which is managed on a UE, serving cell, MAC entity, or cell group basis and is associated with or unassociated with a cell or frequency, is active, the UE in that cell may or may not expect to transmit an on-demand RS. The predetermined timer may be started or reset after a UL transmission that triggers an on-demand SSB is made in the UE or serving cell, or it may be started or reset at the time the on-demand SSB is received (the UE and BS may manage different values). The timer value may be predefined in the specifications, set by the BS, set by the BS using an identifier from a predefined list, or set by the BS using multiple lists.

[0246] 17) It is an intraband or interband. The bands have a predetermined relationship (the bands are close). For example, for band n_X and band n_Y, X < Y ± 5. 18) It is an intrafrequency or interfrequency. There is a predetermined relationship between the frequencies (the frequencies are close). 19) The frequency ranges are the same or different. For example, FR1 and FR2. 20) The following conditions are met or not met: - The on-demand RS cell is co-located with the reference cell and has TRS or A-TRS set. - The RTD is shorter than the SCS-equivalent CP length of the on-demand RS cell. - The power difference between the TRS or A-TRS of the on-demand RS cell and the SSB of the reference cell is 9 dB or less. - The on-demand RS is QCL type A with TRS or A-TRS, and that TRS or A-TRS is QCL type C with the SSB of the reference cell.

[0247] The specified period may be any of the following, or it may be determined based on the specified parameters set by BS.

[0248] Furthermore, the term "cell" may be interpreted as any term defining the range of an arbitrary frequency domain and / or area domain, and the terms cell, FR, band, cell group, carrier, BWP, subband and / or PRB may be interchangeable.

[0249] The prescribed period may be a period of a predetermined time width from a predetermined reference point. The prescribed reference point may be a reference time (SFN, slot number, symbol number) set from the time of transmission / reception of a predetermined DL / UL signal and / or from BS.

[0250] The units in the time direction may also be symbols, slots, wireless frames, system frames, sub-milliseconds, milliseconds, or seconds.

[0251] The predetermined time window is defined by parameters and / or specifications set by the BS and / or determined according to the UE capability, or it may be after a certain delay (application delay, processing delay).

[0252] The predetermined time window is defined by parameters and / or specifications set by BS, and / or determined according to UE capability, and / or varies depending on SCS, and / or varies depending on the UE's Timing Advanced value, and / or may be a time window from a reference point, or from a reference point and / or after a certain delay (application delay, processing delay).

[0253] UE may take a minimum value (use a smaller value) from a predetermined value, or a maximum value (use a larger value) from a predetermined value to determine a predetermined period. The predetermined value may be 1 symbol / 1 slot / 1 millisecond, or it may be a value determined below.

[0254] A value determined by parameters and / or specifications set by the BS and / or determined by the UE's capability and / or differing by the SCS.

[0255] The specified cell in BS may be any of the following: SpCell, PCell, PSCell during DC, active SCell, or Cell that satisfies the specified conditions.

[0256] UE can be in any of the following states: idle, inactive, or RRCconnected, and different actions may be performed depending on the UE state.

[0257] A UE may correspond to and / or report predetermined functions / operations within a predetermined UE capability. The predetermined UE capability may be set at any of the following granularities: UE, FR1, FR2, FR2-1, FR2-2, SCS, band, band combination, feature combination, and / or FSPC unit; or UE, Cell, TDD, FDD unit.

[0258] The specified settings / notifications may be any of the following:

[0259] Configuration / notification may be performed via RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI, and a parameter list configured / notified via RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI may be associated with an identifier (index), and the identifier may be notified to the UE by another notification (MAC-CE, DCI), allowing the UE to determine which parameter lists are activated / applied / used (deactivated, not applied, used).

[0260] Identifiers may be implicitly associated by the order of the list set in the RRC, or they may be associated by explicitly assigning a number.

[0261] The UE may respond to any of the signals with a response signal (NACK, ACK, feedback, retransmission request).

[0262] UE may have multiple parameter lists set, modified, and released by RRC as "AddModlist" and / or "releaselist".

[0263] Settings / notifications may be made via SI / SIB RRC messages, or via individual UE RRC messages (e.g., RRCReconfiguration) for UEs that are connected via RRC.

[0264] Dedicated RRC configuration / RRC release / RRC setup may also be configured / notified.

[0265] The dedicated RRC configuration / RRC release / RRC setup for SS / PBCH / SIB1 / SIBX / one / multiple cells / bands / carriers may be configured / notified.

[0266] The SS / PBCH / SIB1 / SIBX / dedicated RRC configuration / RRC release / RRC setup of one or more cells / bands / carriers may be configured / notified.

[0267] The SS / PBCH / SIB1 / SIBX of one or more cells / bands / carriers may be configured / notified as a dedicated RRC configuration / RRC release / RRC setup.

[0268] The setting / notification may be a predetermined DCI format scrambled with X-RNTI, and X-RNTI may be NES-RNTI, SI-RNTI, or not limited to these, and may also be a new DCI format and / or RNTI.

[0269] For all parameters, the UE may perform default values / actions when not set / notified by the BS, and the default actions may be as follows:

[0270] - Do not perform any action - Repeat the previous action - Perform RRC Release / Perform RRC Re-establishment - Send a specified notification to BS - Send a specified notification to the upper layer of UE

[0271] The default value may be as follows:

[0272] - Always 0 / 1 - The value used immediately before - The value set / notified immediately before - A value (pre-)defined by the specifications - A parameter value from another setting / notification - A predetermined timer value

[0273] For all UE actions #A, the UE may perform a default action #B if an action #A could not be performed.

[0274] The choice of which of the above embodiments to use may be determined by upper-layer parameters, reported from terminal 20 to base station 10 as UE capability, specified by specifications, reported from terminal 20 to base station 10 as UE capability and also determined by upper-layer parameters, or notified by DCI. A base station WUS (Wake up signal) may be used for cell DTX in addition to cell DRX.

[0275] Furthermore, a UE capability indicating whether or not to support cell DTX and cell DRX may be defined. A UE capability indicating whether or not to support dynamic activation or deactivation of cell DTX and cell DRX may be defined. A UE capability indicating whether or not to support cell DTX and cell DRX accompanied by UE DRX or CDRX may be defined.

[0276] Note that Cell DTX / DRX may be replaced with Cell DTX and / or Cell DRX. Activate / Deactivate may be replaced with activate and / or deactivate, activate and / or deactivate, etc.

[0277] The above-described embodiment enables L3 / L1 measurement using on-demand RS, mobility-related communication operations, and multi-carrier communication operations between the BS and UE. The UE and BS do not need to perform operations related to the transmission of unnecessary reference signals, thereby reducing power consumption.

[0278] In other words, a technology is provided that allows a base station capable of transitioning to a power-saving state to transmit a reference signal on demand.

[0279] (Device Configuration) Next, an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 that perform the processes and operations described above will be explained. The base station 10 and terminal 20 include functions to perform the embodiments described above. However, the base station 10 and terminal 20 may each be equipped with only one of the proposed functions from the embodiments.

[0280] <Base Station 10> Figure 15 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of a base station. As shown in Figure 15, the base station 10 has a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130, and a control unit 140. The functional configuration shown in Figure 15 is merely an example. Any functional classification and name of the functional unit may be used as long as it can perform the operations according to the embodiment of the present invention. The transmitting unit 110 and the receiving unit 120 may be called the communication unit.

[0281] The transmitting unit 110 includes the function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 and transmitting the signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 120 includes the function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 and obtaining information from the received signals, for example, information of a higher layer. The transmitting unit 110 also has the function of transmitting NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL control signals, DL data, etc. to the terminal 20. The transmitting unit 110 also transmits setting information, etc., as described in the embodiment.

[0282] The setting unit 130 stores pre-configured setting information and various setting information to be transmitted to the terminal 20 in a storage device and reads it from the storage device as needed. The control unit 140 performs control of the entire base station 10, including control related to signal transmission and reception. The signal transmission function unit of the control unit 140 may be included in the transmission unit 110, and the signal reception function unit of the control unit 140 may be included in the reception unit 120. The transmission unit 110 and the reception unit 120 may also be called the transmitter and receiver, respectively.

[0283] <Terminal 20> Figure 16 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of a terminal. As shown in Figure 16, the terminal 20 has a transmitting unit 210, a receiving unit 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240. The functional configuration shown in Figure 16 is merely an example. Any functional classification and name of the functional unit may be used as long as it can perform the operations according to the embodiment of the present invention. The transmitting unit 210 and the receiving unit 220 may be called the communication unit.

[0284] The transmitting unit 210 creates a transmission signal from the transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 220 wirelessly receives various signals and obtains signals from higher layers from the received physical layer signals. The transmitting unit 210 also transmits HARQ-ACK, and the receiving unit 220 receives the setting information and the like as described in the embodiment.

[0285] The setting unit 230 stores various setting information received from the base station 10 by the receiving unit 220 in a storage device and reads it from the storage device as needed. The setting unit 230 also stores pre-set setting information. The control unit 240 controls the entire terminal 20, including control related to signal transmission and reception. The signal transmission function in the control unit 240 may be included in the transmission unit 210, and the signal reception function in the control unit 240 may be included in the reception unit 220. The transmission unit 210 and the reception unit 220 may also be called the transmitter and receiver, respectively.

[0286] The terminal or base station of this embodiment may be configured as one of the terminals or base stations described in the following sections. Furthermore, the following communication methods may be implemented.

[0287] <Configuration relating to this embodiment> (1) A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives settings relating to a reference signal transmitted on demand from a base station; and a control unit that determines the physical characteristics of the reference signal transmitted on demand and other cells or other reference signals based on the settings relating to the reference signal transmitted on demand, and assumes the transmission of the reference signal transmitted on demand, wherein the receiving unit receives the reference signal transmitted on demand, and the control unit performs measurements using the reference signal transmitted on demand. (2) The terminal according to paragraph 1, wherein the control unit determines whether the reference signal transmitted on demand and other cells or other reference signals are synchronized based on the settings relating to the reference signal transmitted on demand. (3) The terminal according to paragraph 1, wherein the control unit determines the transmission position of the reference signal transmitted on demand and other cells or other reference signals based on the settings relating to the reference signal transmitted on demand. (4) The terminal according to paragraph 1, wherein the control unit assumes that the reference signal transmitted on demand and other specific reference signals do not overlap at a certain level of granularity. (Clause 5) The terminal described in paragraph 1, wherein the control unit obtains the identifier of the terminal from the reference signal transmitted on demand. (Clause 6) A communication method in which a terminal performs the following steps: receiving a setting relating to a reference signal transmitted on demand from a base station; determining the physical characteristics of the reference signal transmitted on demand with other cells or other reference signals based on the setting relating to the reference signal transmitted on demand, and assuming the transmission of the reference signal transmitted on demand; receiving the reference signal transmitted on demand; and performing a measurement using the reference signal transmitted on demand.

[0288] In any of the above configurations, a technology is provided for transmitting reference signals on demand from a base station capable of transitioning to a power-saving state. According to paragraphs 2 to 5, L3 / L1 measurements using on-demand RS, mobility-related communication operations, and multi-carrier communication operations can be performed between the BS and UE. The UE and BS do not need to perform operations related to the transmission of unnecessary reference signals, thereby reducing power consumption.

[0289] (Hardware Configuration) The block diagrams (Figures 15 and 16) used in the description of the above embodiments show functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may be realized by combining the one device or the multiple devices with software.

[0290] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, assumption, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0291] For example, the base station 10, terminal 20, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 17 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The above-mentioned base station 10 and terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0292] In the following explanation, the term "device" can be read as "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured without some of the devices.

[0293] Each function in the base station 10 and terminal 20 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and storage device 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of data reading and writing in the storage device 1002 and auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0294] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may consist of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, the control unit 140, control unit 240, etc., described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0295] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, or data from at least one of the auxiliary storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the storage device 1002, and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 140 of the base station 10 shown in Figure 15 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Also, for example, the control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown in Figure 16 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Although the above-described processes have been explained as being executed by one processor 1001, they may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The program may also be transmitted from the network via a telecommunications line.

[0296] The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. The storage device 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing a communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0297] The auxiliary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: an optical disc such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital multipurpose disk, a Blu-ray® disk), a smart card, flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy® disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above-mentioned storage medium may also be a database, server, or other suitable medium that includes at least one of the storage device 1002 and the auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0298] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the transmitting and receiving antenna, amplifier section, transmitting and receiving section, transmission path interface, etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving section may be implemented in a physically or logically separated manner, with a transmitting section and a receiving section.

[0299] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, LED lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0300] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0301] Furthermore, the base station 10 and terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), and an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and some or all of each functional block may be realized by such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0302] Figure 18 shows an example of the configuration of vehicle 2001. As shown in Figure 18, vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on vehicle 2001, for example, to the communication module 2013.

[0303] The drive unit 2002 consists of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel, which is operated by the user.

[0304] The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and communication ports (IO ports) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 installed in the vehicle 2001 are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0305] Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 include current signals from current sensor 2021 for sensing motor current, front and rear wheel rotation speed signals acquired by rotation speed sensor 2022, front and rear wheel air pressure signals acquired by air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depression signals acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depression signals acquired by brake pedal sensor 2026, shift lever operation signals acquired by shift lever sensor 2027, and detection signals acquired by object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0306] The Information Services Unit 2012 consists of various devices for providing various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Services Unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001.

[0307] The driver assistance system unit 2030 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System)), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0308] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via its communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 sends and receives data via the communication port 2033 between the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, the microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021-29 provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0309] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information with external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station or a mobile station.

[0310] The communication module 2013 transmits current signals from current sensors input to the electronic control unit 2010 to an external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 also transmits, via wireless communication, the following signals input to the electronic control unit 2010: front and rear wheel rotation speed signals acquired by the rotation speed sensor 2022, front and rear wheel air pressure signals acquired by the air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals acquired by the vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals acquired by the acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depression amount signals acquired by the accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depression amount signals acquired by the brake pedal sensor 2026, shift lever operation signals acquired by the shift lever sensor 2027, and detection signals for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc., acquired by the object detection sensor 2028.

[0311] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, vehicle-to-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from the external device in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021-2029, etc., provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0312] (Supplement to Embodiments) Embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand various modifications, alterations, alternatives, substitutions, etc. Specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, but unless otherwise specified, these numerical values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The division of items in the above description is not essential to the present invention, and matters described in two or more items may be combined as needed, and matters described in one item may be applied to matters described in another item (as long as they do not contradict each other). The boundaries of functional units or processing units in the functional block diagram do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of physical parts. The operation of multiple functional units may be physically performed by one part, or the operation of one functional unit may be physically performed by multiple parts. The processing procedures described in the embodiments may be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For the convenience of explaining the processing, the base station 10 and terminal 20 have been described using functional block diagrams, but such devices may be realized in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software operated by the processor of the base station 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention and the software operated by the processor of the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be stored in any suitable storage medium such as random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, register, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server, or other appropriate storage medium.

[0313] Furthermore, notification of information is not limited to the embodiments / models described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, notification of information may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling), broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block)), other signals, or combinations thereof. Also, RRC signaling may be called RRC messages, and may be, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc.

[0314] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure refers to LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 may apply to at least one system utilizing UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate systems, and to next-generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based thereon. Alternatively, multiple systems may be applied in combination (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0315] The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described herein may be reordered, provided they are consistent with each other. For example, the methods described herein present various step elements in an exemplary order and are not limited to that specific order.

[0316] In this specification, specific operations performed by the base station 10 may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station 10, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with the terminal 20 can be performed by the base station 10 and at least one of the other network nodes (for example, an MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates the case where there is one other network node besides the base station 10, the other network node may be a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW).

[0317] The information or signals described in this disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer). They may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0318] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to other devices.

[0319] The determination in this disclosure may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value (true or false), or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0320] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0321] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0322] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0323] In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may be a signal (signaling). Also, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0324] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable.

[0325] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a given value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by an index.

[0326] The names used for the parameters described above are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, the formulas and other expressions using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0327] In this disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission / reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0328] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a Remote Radio Head (RRH)). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0329] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0330] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or several other appropriate terms.

[0331] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile body (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operation. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0332] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals 20 (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), etc.). In this case, the terminals 20 may have the functions that the base station 10 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., may be interpreted as side channel.

[0333] Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal described above.

[0334] As used in this disclosure, the terms “determining” and “determining” may encompass a wide variety of actions. “Determining” may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, or inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), or ascertaining. “Determining” may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, or accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory). Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having been "judged" or "decided" after resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having been "judged" or "decided" after some action. Also, "judgment (decision)" can be reinterpreted as "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0335] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” or any variation thereof, mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be reinterpreted as “access.” As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” with each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, in some non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain.

[0336] The reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal), and may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0337] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0338] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0339] In the configuration of each of the above devices, "means" may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0340] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0341] A wireless frame may consist of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of these frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0342] Numerical logic may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. Numerical logic may include, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0343] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, etc.). A slot may also be a time unit based on neurologic.

[0344] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Minislots may also be called subslots. Minislots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called a PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called a PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0345] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Different names may be used for each of these terms.

[0346] For example, one subframe may be called a Transmission Time Interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe in existing LTE (1 ms), a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0347] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each terminal 20 to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each terminal 20) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0348] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) in which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0349] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute this minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0350] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, a slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini slot, a sub slot, a slot, etc.

[0351] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0352] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0353] Furthermore, the time domain of the RB may contain one or more symbols and may be the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0354] One or more RBs may also be called a Physical RB (PRB), Sub-Carrier Group (SCG), Resource Element Group (REG), PRB pair, RB pair, etc.

[0355] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0356] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), also known as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a particular neurology in a given carrier. These common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to a common reference point of the carrier. The PRBs may be defined and numbered within a given BWP.

[0357] A BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a terminal 20 within a single carrier.

[0358] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and terminal 20 does not need to be expected to send or receive a predetermined signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0359] The structures described above, such as wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within a TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0360] In this disclosure, if articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0361] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0362] Each aspect / embodiment described herein may be used individually, in combination, or switched between as needed during implementation. Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., notification that "X is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be implicit (e.g., by not providing such notification).

[0363] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the intent and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the descriptions in the present disclosure are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way.

[0364] 10 Base station 110 Transmitting unit 120 Receiving unit 130 Setting unit 140 Control unit 20 Terminal 210 Transmitting unit 220 Receiving unit 230 Setting unit 240 Control unit 1001 Processor 1002 Storage device 1003 Auxiliary storage device 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device 2001 Vehicle 2002 Drive unit 2003 Steering unit 2004 Accelerator pedal 2005 Brake pedal 2006 Shift lever 2007 Front wheel 2008 Rear wheel 2009 Axle 2010 Electronic control unit 2012 Information service unit 2013 Communication module 2021 Current sensor 2022 Rotation speed sensor 2023 Air pressure sensor 2024 Vehicle speed sensor 2025 Acceleration sensor 2026 Brake pedal sensor 2027 Shift lever sensor 2028 Object detection sensor 2029 Accelerator pedal sensor 2030 Driver assistance system unit 2031 Microprocessor 2032 Memory (ROM, RAM) 2033 Communication port (I / O port)

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives settings related to a reference signal transmitted on demand from a base station; and a control unit that determines the physical characteristics of the on-demand transmitted reference signal and other cells or other reference signals based on the settings related to the on-demand transmitted reference signal, and anticipates the transmission of the on-demand transmitted reference signal, wherein the receiving unit receives the on-demand transmitted reference signal, and the control unit performs measurements using the on-demand transmitted reference signal.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines, based on the settings relating to the on-demand transmitted reference signal, whether or not the on-demand transmitted reference signal is synchronized with other cells or other reference signals.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines the transmission position of the on-demand transmitted reference signal and other cells or other reference signals based on the settings relating to the on-demand transmitted reference signal.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit assumes that the reference signal transmitted on demand and other specific reference signals do not overlap at a certain level of granularity.

5. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit obtains a terminal identifier from the reference signal transmitted on demand.

6. A communication method in which a terminal performs the following steps: receiving settings related to a reference signal transmitted on demand from a base station; determining the physical characteristics of the on-demand transmitted reference signal and other cells or other reference signals based on the settings related to the on-demand transmitted reference signal, and anticipating the transmission of the on-demand transmitted reference signal; receiving the on-demand transmitted reference signal; and performing a measurement using the on-demand transmitted reference signal.

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