Structure of TDD cycle for TDD mode of NTN IoT

Abstract

An operation method of a first device (100) in a wireless communication system is presented. The method may comprise steps in which the first terminal (100): acquires information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD mode of NTN-based IoT, the inclusion of a pre-compensation gap in the TDD cycle not being permitted in a set of consecutive uplink subframes in the TDD cycle; and updates pre-compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the pre-compensation gap.

Description

Structure of the TDD cycle for NTN IOT's TDD mode

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR is a successor technology to LTE (long term evolution) and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, ranging from low frequency bands below 1 GHz to mid-frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims for (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT (internet of things) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be in four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy requirements such as those shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 may represent an example of the requirements for a 6G system.

[0004] Maximum data rate per device 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully autonomous driving Fully XR Fully haptic communication Fully

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method that can be performed by a first terminal may be provided. For example, the method may include: the first terminal obtaining information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing), wherein the TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and wherein the pre-compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes; the first terminal updating a pre-compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the pre-compensation gap; and the first terminal performing an uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first terminal may be provided. For example, the first terminal may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing commands. For example, based on the commands being executed by the at least one processor, the first terminal may: obtain information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing), wherein the TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes; update a pre-compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the pre-compensation gap; and perform an uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first terminal may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions executed by the at least one processor, the first terminal may: obtain information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing), wherein the TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes; update a pre-compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the pre-compensation gap; and perform an uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording commands may be provided. For example, when the commands are executed, the first terminal may: obtain information related to a TDD cycle for a time division duplex (TDD) mode of an internet on thing (Internet on Thing) based on a non-terrestrial network (NTN), wherein the TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a prior compensation gap, and wherein the prior compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes; update a prior compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the prior compensation gap; and perform an uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method that can be performed by a base station may be provided. For example, the method comprises: a step in which the base station transmits information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing) to a first terminal, wherein the TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and wherein the pre-compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes; and a step in which the base station receives an uplink transmission from the first terminal based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes, wherein the pre-compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes is updated in the pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap may be included in the guard interval.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station may be provided. For example, the base station may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the base station may: transmit to a first terminal information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing), wherein the TDD cycle comprises a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap is not permitted to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes; and receive an uplink transmission from the first terminal based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes, wherein a prior compensation associated with the set of consecutive uplink subframes is updated in the prior compensation gap, and the prior compensation gap may be included in the guard interval.

[0011] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication procedure between devices according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 2 shows a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 3 shows the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 4 shows a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 5 shows an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 6 shows a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 8 shows an uplink resource grid for a narrowband Internet of Things (e.g., NB-IoT) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 9 illustrates an arbitrary connection symbol group according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 10 shows a pre-compensation gap for pre-compensation related to uplink transmission within a TDD cycle, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 11 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a first terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 12 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a base station according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 13 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 14 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 15 shows a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 16 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 17 shows a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Alternatively, in the present disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0029] A slash ( / ) or a comma used in the present disclosure may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B or C."

[0030] In the present disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as synonymous with "at least one of A and B."

[0031] Additionally, in the present disclosure, "at least one of A, B and C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C." Additionally, "at least one of A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B and C."

[0032] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, the "control information" of the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (e.g., PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0033] In the following explanation, 'when, if, in case of' can be replaced with 'based on'.

[0034] In the present disclosure, the device acquiring information may include the information being (pre)set to the device, the information being received by the device from another entity, and the device generating the information.

[0035] Technical features described individually within one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0036] In the present disclosure, a higher layer parameter may be a parameter that is set for the terminal, pre-set, or pre-defined. For example, a base station or a network may transmit the higher layer parameter to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameter may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0037] In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured to a device through pre-defined signaling from a base station or network (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, DCI (downlink control information), etc.). In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured to a device through pre-defined signaling from another device (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), control information signaled between devices, etc.). In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being pre-configured to a device.

[0038] In the present disclosure, user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0039] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications), GPRS (general packet radio service), and EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0040] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technology and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems may have key factors such as eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband), URLLC (ultra-reliable low latency communications), mMTC (massive machine-type communication), AI (artificial intelligence) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0041] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication procedure between devices according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0042] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, the first device and the second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device may be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device may be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device may perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device may detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted according to a rule predefined by the second device. Here, for example, the synchronization signal may include a plurality of synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal, secondary synchronization signal, etc.) classified according to structure or use. Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., cell identifier).

[0043] In step S103, the first device may obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device that are necessary to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting the system information prior to receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of the system information may be performed after a random access procedure described later.

[0044] In step S105, the first device and the second device may perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device may transmit and / or receive at least one message for the random access procedure (e.g., random access preamble, random access response message, etc.) based on information related to the random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device may transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, and the first device may receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2). The first device may transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) containing information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device may receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 may be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 may be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., MsgB).

[0045] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer controlling the connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer handling mapping between a logical channel and a transmission channel (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer handling a physical channel (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling to establish a connection, signaling to determine settings related to communication, and / or signaling to indicate allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted through a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0046] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process data based on signaling of control information and transmit and / or receive it. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, antenna-specific waveform demodulation, signal placement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0047] For example, the layers of the radio interface protocol between the first device and the second device can be classified into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, the physical layer belonging to layer 1 can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the radio resource control (RRC) layer located at layer 3 can perform the role of controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. To this end, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0048] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of said embodiment may be omitted. For example, FIG. 2(a) may represent a radio protocol stack in the user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and FIG. 2(b) may represent a radio protocol stack in the control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, FIG. 2(c) may represent a radio protocol stack in the user plane for device-to-device communication, and FIG. 2(d) may represent a radio protocol stack in the control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0049] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using a physical channel. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the MAC (medium access control) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through a transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted through a wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted through a physical channel between different physical layers, for example, between the physical layers of a first device and a second device. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using the OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) method, and time and frequency can be utilized as wireless resources.

[0050] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the RLC (radio link control) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide mapping functions from multiple logical channels to multiple transmission channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide logical channel multiplexing functions through mapping from multiple logical channels to a single transmission channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services over logical channels.

[0051] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee various quality of service (QoS) required by a radio bearer (RB), the RLC layer can provide three modes of operation: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat requests (ARQ).

[0052] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer may be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer may be responsible for controlling logical channels, transmission channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. For example, RB may refer to a logical path provided by the first layer (e.g., physical layer) and the second layer (e.g., MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transfer between a first device and a second device.

[0053] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include the delivery of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include the delivery of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0054] For example, the establishment of an RB can mean the process of defining the characteristics of the wireless protocol layer and channel to provide specific services, and setting each specific parameter and method of operation. For example, an RB can be divided into two types: an SRB (signaling radio bearer) and a DRB (data radio bearer). For example, an SRB can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, and a DRB can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0055] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) that transmits system information and / or a shared channel (SCH) that transmits user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages for a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted via a downlink SCH or via a separate multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) that transmits initial control messages and / or a shared channel (SCH) that transmits user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above the transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0056] FIG. 3 shows the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0057] Referring to FIG. 3, radio frames may be used, for example, in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may contain five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined by subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may contain 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0058] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot may contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot may contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0059] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) according to the SCS setting (u) when Normal CP or Extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot) is an example.

[0060] CP Type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP 15kHz (u=0) 1410 130kHz (u=1) 1420 260kHz (u=2) 1440 4120kHz (u=3) 1480 8240kHz (u=4) 14160 16 Extended CP 60kHz (u=2) 1240 4

[0061] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be configured differently among multiple cells merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., subframe, slot, or TTI (transmit time interval)) composed of the same number of symbols may be configured differently among the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTI, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0062] For example, multiple numerologies or SCSs may be supported to support various services. For example, if the SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area in traditional cellular bands may be supported, and if the SCS is 30 kHz / 60 kHz, dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth may be supported. For example, if the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz may be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0063] FIG. 4 shows a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0064] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain and may correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include up to N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an active BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid and may be mapped to a single complex symbol.

[0065] For example, a BWP can be a continuous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB can be selected from a continuous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0066] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the terminal may not monitor downlink radio link quality on DL BWPs other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the terminal may not receive PDCCH (physical downlink control channel), PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), or CSI-RS (channel state information-reference signal) (except for RRM (radio resource management)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the terminal may not trigger CSI (channel state information) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the terminal may not transmit PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) or PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) outside of the active UL (uplink) BWP. For example, for the downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a consecutive set of resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For example, for the uplink, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by the upper layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if the terminal fails to detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period, the terminal can switch the active BWP of the terminal to the default BWP.

[0067] In the present disclosure, PSCCH may be replaced with a control channel, a physical control channel, a control channel associated with a sidelink, a physical control channel associated with a sidelink, a physical control channel between devices, etc. In the present disclosure, PSSCH may be replaced with a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a shared channel associated with a sidelink, a physical shared channel associated with a sidelink, a physical shared channel between devices, etc. For example, SL communication may be replaced with device-to-device communication. For example, in terms referring to various channels and / or signals associated with SL communication, the SL portion may be replaced with "between devices".

[0068] In the present disclosure, PUCCH may be replaced with a control channel, a physical control channel, a control channel associated with an uplink, a physical control channel associated with an uplink, etc. In the present disclosure, PUSCH may be replaced with a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a shared channel associated with an uplink, a physical shared channel associated with an uplink, etc.

[0069] In the present disclosure, PDCCH may be replaced with a control channel, a physical control channel, a control channel associated with a downlink, a physical control channel associated with a downlink, etc. In the present disclosure, PDSCH may be replaced with a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a shared channel associated with a downlink, a physical shared channel associated with a downlink, etc.

[0070] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0071] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a numbered carrier resource block from one end of the carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0072] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP It can be set by ). For example, point A may be an external reference point of the carrier's PRB where the subcarrier 0s of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network in the corresponding carrier) are aligned. For example, offset may be the PRB interval between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, bandwidth may be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0073] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0074] As core implementation technologies for 6G systems, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (Terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, large-scale MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0075] - Artificial Intelligence: Introducing AI into communications can streamline and enhance real-time data transmission. AI can determine how complex target tasks are performed using numerous analyses. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communication. Furthermore, AI can enable rapid communication in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0076] - THz Communication: Data transmission rates can be increased by expanding bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced large-scale MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally refer to a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz-300 GHz band range (Sub-THz band) is considered the primary portion of the THz band for cellular communication. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band increases 6G cellular communication capacity. Among the defined THz bands, the 300 GHz-3 THz band is located in the far-infrared (IR) frequency band. Although the 300 GHz-3 THz band is part of the optical band, it lies at the boundary of the optical band and immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz-3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communication include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data transmission rates, and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beam width generated by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies that can overcome range limitations.

[0077] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0078] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0079] - Optical wireless technology

[0080] - Free Space Optical Transmission Backhaul Network (FSO backhaul network)

[0081] - Quantum communication

[0082] - Cell-free communication

[0083] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0084] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0085] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0086] - Big data analysis

[0087] - Reconfigurable intelligent metasurface

[0088] - Metaverse

[0089] - blockchain

[0090] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing Urban Air Mobility (UAM), Regional Air Mobility (RAM), and Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS). For example, AAM may include UAM, RAM, UAS, and UAVs (uncrewed aerial vehicles).

[0091] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a core element of building autonomous driving infrastructure, refers to technologies that enable vehicles to communicate and share with various elements on the road to perform autonomous driving, such as wireless communication between vehicles (vehicle to vehicle, V2V) and between vehicles and infrastructure (vehicle to infrastructure, V2I).

[0092] - Non-terrestrial Network (NTN): An NTN may refer to a network or network segment that utilizes RF (radio frequency) resources mounted on a satellite (or UAS platform). The use of NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or to provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0093] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc., of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment.

[0094] - Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS): An RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in a wireless communication environment. For example, an RIS can be composed of many small antennas or metasurfaces arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc., of the reflected signal. For instance, an RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or strength of the propagating signal. For instance, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For instance, since an RIS can be reconfigured to suit various environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0095] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0096] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on a satellite network, HIBS (high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS)), and an aeronautical communication-capable terminal (e.g., AAM). For example, to improve coverage, devices such as a satellite network, HIBS, and an aeronautical communication-capable terminal (e.g., AAM) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0097] Below, narrowband Internet of Things (e.g., NB-IoT) communication will be explained.

[0098] For example, the physical channel or signal transmitted in the slot is one or more N UL SC Subcarrier and N UL symb It can be initiated as a resource grid of single carrier-frequency division multiple access (e.g., SC-FDMA) symbols. For example, the resource grid can be illustrated in FIG. 8. For example, the slot number within the radio frame is n s It can be written as and here For f = 15 kHz, n s ∈ {0, 1, ..., 19} can be, and For f = 3.75 kHz, n s ∈ can be {0, 1, ..., 4}.

[0099] FIG. 8 illustrates an uplink resource grid for a narrowband Internet of Things (e.g., NB-IoT) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0100] For example, the uplink bandwidth is the subcarrier N UL SC and slot section T slot In terms of, it can be given in Table 3.

[0101] Subcarrier spacing N UL sc T slot Δf=3.75kHz4861440·T s Δf=15kHz1215360·T s

[0102] For example, one antenna port p=0 can be used for all uplink transmissions.

[0103] The resource element is described below.

[0104] For example, each element in a resource grid can be called a resource element and can be uniquely defined by an index pair (k, l) in a slot, where k = 0, ..., N UL SC -1 and l = 0, ..., N UL symb -1 can be an index in the frequency and time domains, respectively. For example, the resource element (k, l) is a complex value α k,l It can correspond to. For example, a quantity α corresponding to a resource element not used for the transmission of a physical channel or physical signal in a slot. k,l It can be set to 0.

[0105] The resource units are explained below.

[0106] For example, the resource unit can be used to describe the mapping between NPUSCH and resource elements. For example, the resource unit is N in the time domain. UL symb N UL slots N in the frequency domain as a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (e.g., SC-FDMA) symbol. RU SC It can be defined as a continuous subcarrier, where N RU SC and N UL symb This can be given by Table 4 and Table 5 for frame structure type 1 and type 2, respectively.

[0107] Table 4 shows N for frame structure type 1. RU sc , N UL slots , and N ULsymb Shows examples of supported combinations.

[0108] NPUSCH format ΔfN RU sc N UL slots N UL symb 13.75kHz116715kHz116386412223.75kHz1415kHz14

[0109] Table 5 shows N for frame structure type 2. RU sc , N UL slots , and N UL symb Shows examples of supported combinations.

[0110] NPUSCH format Δf Supported UL-DL settings N RU sc N UL slots N UL symb 13.75kHz1, 4116715kHz1, 2, 3, 4, 5116386412223.75kHz1, 41415kHz1, 2, 3, 4, 514

[0111] For example, NPUSCH format 1 can be used to transmit UL-SCH, and NPUSCH format 2 can be used to transmit uplink control information.

[0112] The mapping of physical resources is described below.

[0113] For example, each NPUSCH codeword is one or more than one resource unit, N RU It can be mapped to, and each of them is M NPUSCH rep It can be transmitted as many times as needed.

[0114] For example, a block of complex-value symbols z(0), ..., z(M ap symb -1) is the transmitted power P NPUSCH Amplitude scaling factor to comply NPUSCH It is multiplied together and can be mapped sequentially to subcarriers allocated for the transmission of NPUSCH starting from z(0). For example, the mapping to resource elements (k, l) corresponding to subcarriers allocated for transmission and not used for the transmission of the reference signal can be incremented starting from the first slot in the allocated resource unit, first to index k, then to index l.

[0115] For example, N slots After mapping to the slot, N slots The slot, according to Equation 1, additionally M until it continues mapping z(·) to the next slot NPUSCH identical It can be repeated up to -1 time.

[0116]

[0117] For example, for NPUSCH formats 1 and 2 on frame structure type 2 when Δf = 3.75 kHz,

[0118] - NPUSCH transmission spans N across two uplink subframes that do not overlap with an uplink subframe set as invalid. slots It can be performed in the first set of slots;

[0119] - For time division duplexing (e.g., TDD) settings 1 and 4, if the start position for NPUSCH is indicated as the second of two consecutive uplink subframes, the transmission of NPUSCH may be delayed until the start of two consecutive uplink subframes.

[0120] For example, if N slots If a mapping for a slot, a mapping for N slots, or a repetition of a mapping includes resource elements that overlap with the following,

[0121] - All narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources configured according to nprach-ParametersList in SystemInformationBlockType2-NB, or

[0122] - All narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources configured according to the nprach-ParametersList provided by ul-ConfigList in SystemInformationBlockType22-NB, and if the terminal indicates that multiCarrier-NPRACH is supported, or

[0123] - If all narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources and terminals configured according to the nprach-ParametersList provided by ul-ConfigListMixed in SystemInformationBlockType22-NB indicate that multiCarrier-NPRACH and mixedOperationMode are supported, or

[0124] - If all narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources and terminals configured according to nprach-ParametersListFmt2 in SystemInformationBlockType2-NB indicate that nprach-Format2 is supported, or

[0125] - All narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources configured according to nprach-ParametersListFmt2 provided by ul-ConfigList in SystemInformationBlockType23-NB, and if the terminal indicates that multiCarrier-NPRACH and nprach-Format2 are supported, or

[0126] - If all narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources and terminals configured according to nprach-ParametersListFmt2 provided by ul-ConfigListMixed in SystemInformationBlockType23-NB indicate that multiCarrier-NPRACH, mixedOperationMode, and nprach-Format2 are supported, or

[0127] - All narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources configured according to nprach-ParametersListTDD in SystemInformationBlockType2-NB, or

[0128] - If all narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources and terminals configured according to nprach-ParametersListTDD in SystemInformationBlockType22-NB indicate that multiCarrier-NPRACH is supported, or

[0129] - All narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources configured for early data transmission, and if NPUSCH transmission occurs during the early data transmission procedure,

[0130] For example, then,

[0131] For - Δf = 3.75 kHz, overlapping N slots NPUSCH transmission in a slot is the next N that does not overlap with established narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources. slots It may be postponed until the slot.

[0132] For - Δf = 15 kHz, overlapping N slots NPUSCH transmission in a slot is n sStarting from the first slot that satisfies mod 2 = 0 and does not overlap with any configured Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (e.g., NPRACH) resources, the next N slots It may be postponed until the slot.

[0133] For example, a Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (e.g., NPRACH) gap may not be part of the Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (e.g., NPRACH) resource. For example, for Frame Structure Type 2, a valid uplink subframe not used for Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (e.g., NPRACH) transmission when G symbol groups cannot be mapped consecutively may not be part of the Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (e.g., NPRACH) resource. For example, then z(0), ..., z(M ap symb The mapping of -1) is M NPUSCH rep N RU N UL slots It can be repeated until a slot is transmitted. For example, for frame structure type 1, 256·30720 T s After transmission and / or delay due to a time-based narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH), 40·30720 T where NPUSCH transmission is delayed s A time-unit gap may be inserted. For example, a portion of the smoke caused by a narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) that matches the gap may be calculated as part of the gap.

[0134] For example, if the upper layer parameter npusch-AllSymbols is set to false, resource elements in single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (e.g., SC-FDMA) symbols that overlap with symbols set as sounding reference signals (e.g., SRS) according to srs-SubframeConfig may be calculated in the NPUSCH mapping but may not be used for NPUSCH transmission. For example, if the upper layer parameter npusch-AllSymbols is set to true, all symbols may be transmitted.

[0135] For example, if the upper layer parameter resourceReservationConfigUL is set, in the case of an NPUSCH format 1 transmission associated with a cell radio network temporary identifier (e.g., C-RNTI) or a semi-permanent scheduling cell radio network temporary identifier (e.g., SPS C-RNTI) using a terminal-specific NPDCCH search space where the resource reservation field in the DCI is set to 1, including an NPUSCH format 1 transmission without a corresponding NPDCCH, or in the case of an NPUSCH format 2 transmission associated with a cell radio network temporary identifier (e.g., C-RNTI) using a terminal-specific NPDCCH search space,

[0136] - In the subframe for Δf = 15 kHz or the slot for Δf = 3.75 kHz that overlaps with the fully reserved uplink subframe,

[0137] - For Δf = 15 kHz, NPUSCH transmission may be deferred until the next Narrowband Internet of Things (e.g., NB-IoT) uplink subframe that is not fully reserved.

[0138] - For Δf = 3.75 kHz, NPUSCH transmission in the slot may be deferred to the next slot spanning two adjacent uplink subframes that do not overlap with the fully reserved uplink subframe.

[0139] - In a subframe for Δf = 15 kHz or a slot for Δf = 3.75 kHz that does not overlap with a fully reserved uplink subframe, any single carrier frequency division multiplexing (e.g., SC-FDMA) symbols that overlap with reserved symbols may be calculated in the NPUSCH mapping but may not be used for NPUSCH transmission.

[0140] For example, for a terminal communicating via a non-terrestrial network (e.g., NTN), N precompensation segment After transmission of a time unit (and / or delay due to a narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH)), for Frame Structure Type 1, N precompensation gap The transmission gap in time units can be calculated for NPUSCH resource mapping based on the terminal capability ntn-SegmentedPrecompensationGaps-r17, but may not be used for NPUSCH transmission. For example, N precompensation segment The amount of can be provided by the upper layer, and N precompensation gap The amount of can be set at the upper layer based on terminal capabilities when signaled.

[0141] The narrowband physical random access channel will be described below.

[0142] For example, the physical layer random access preamble can be based on a single-carrier frequency-hopping symbol group. For example, the symbol group can be illustrated in FIG. 9 and has length T CP Cyclic prefix and total length T SEQ It can be composed of a sequence of N identical symbols. For example, the total number of symbol groups in a preamble repetition unit can be denoted by P. For example, the number of temporally adjacent symbol groups can be given by G.

[0143] FIG. 9 illustrates an optional group of connected symbols according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0144] For example, parameter values ​​for frame structures 1 and 2 may be listed in Table 6 and Table 7, respectively.

[0145] Table 6 shows the random connection preamble parameters for frame structure type 1.

[0146] Preamble Format GPNT CP T SEQ 04452048 T s 5·8192 T s 14458192 T s 5·8192 T s 266324576 T s 3·24576 T s

[0147] Table 7 shows the random connection preamble parameters for frame structure type 2.

[0148] UL-DL configuration GPNT that supports preamble format CP T SEQ 01, 2, 3, 4, 52414768 T s 1·8192 T s 11, 42428192 T s 2·8192 T s 232448192 T s 4·8192 T s 0-a1, 2, 3, 4, 53611536 T s 1·8192 T s 1-a1, 43623072 T s 2·8192 T s

[0149] For example, a preamble consisting of a P symbol group is N NPRACH repIt can be transmitted as many times. For example, in the case of frame structure type 2, when an invalid uplink subframe overlaps with the transmission of a G symbol group without a gap, the G symbol group may be dropped. For example, in the case of frame structure type 2, the transmission of a G symbol group may be aligned with the subframe boundary.

[0150] For example, the transmission of a random access preamble may be limited to specific time and frequency resources if triggered by the MAC layer.

[0151] For example, a narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) configuration provided by the upper layer may include the following:

[0152] - Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (e.g., NPRACH) resource cycle N NPRACH period (nprach-Periodicity)

[0153] - Frequency position N of the first subcarrier assigned to a narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) NPRACH scoffset (nprach-SubcarrierOffset)

[0154] - Number of subcarriers N allocated to a narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) NPRACH sc (nprach-NumSubcarriers)

[0155] - The number of starting subcarriers N allocated to the terminal that initiated the random connection NPRACH sc_cont (nprach-NumCBRA-StartSubcarriers),

[0156] - Number of Narrowband Physical Random Access (e.g., NPRACH) repetitions per city / province NPRACH rep (numRepetitionsPerPreambleAttempt)

[0157] - Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (e.g., NPRACH) Start Time N NPRACH start (nprach-StartTime),

[0158] - Fraction N for calculating the starting subcarrier index for the range of reserved narrowband physical random access (e.g., NPRACH) subcarriers for the terminal support instruction for the transmission of multi-tone message 3 NPRACH MSG3 (nprach-SubcarrierMSG3-RangeStart).

[0159] For example, Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (e.g., NPRACH) transmission is n f mod (N NPRACH period N after the start of a radio frame satisfying / 10) = 0 NPRACH start ·30720 T s It can only start in time units. For example, for frame structure type 1, for preamble formats 0 and 1, 4·64(T CP + T SEQ ) After transmission in time units, or for preamble format 2, 16·6(T CP + T SEQ ) After transmission in time units, N NPRACH start ·30720 T s A time interval may need to be inserted.

[0160] For example, N NPRACH scoffset + N NPRACH scoffset + N NPRACH sc > N UL sc The Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (e.g., NPRACH) setting may not be valid.

[0161] For example, the starting subcarrier of a narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) assigned to a terminal that has initiated a random access can be divided into two sets of subcarriers according to Equation 2, and if the second set exists, it can indicate terminal support for multi-tone message 3 transmission.

[0162]

[0163] For example, the frequency position of a Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (e.g., NPRACH) transmission is N when Preamble Format 2 described in Table 6 is set. RA sc = 12 subcarriers, and N RA sc = may be limited to within 36 subcarriers. For example, frequency hopping may be used within 12 and 36 subcarriers when Preamble Format 2 disclosed in Table 6 is set, where i th The frequency position of a symbol group can be given by Equation 3, where Equation 4 can hold. For example, the quantity in Equation 5 may vary depending on the frame structure.

[0164]

[0165]

[0166]

[0167] For example, regarding frame structure type 1:

[0168] - If G = 4 and P = 4 for preamble formats 0 and 1 as disclosed in Table 6, then Equation 6 can be satisfied.

[0169]

[0170] Here, mathematical equation 7 and n init is {0, 1, ..., N NPRACH scThe sub-carrier selected by the MAC layer from {-1} can be a sub-carrier, and the pseudo-random sequence c(n) can be given according to existing techniques. For example, a pseudo-random sequence generator c init = N Ncell ID It can be initialized to.

[0171]

[0172] - If G = 6 and P = 6 for preamble format 2 as disclosed in Table 6, then Equation 8 may hold.

[0173]

[0174] For example, here mathematical equations 9 and n init is {0, 1, ..., N NPRACH sc The subcarrier file selected by the MAC layer from {-1} can be a pseudo-random sequence c(n), and the pseudo-random sequence c(n) can be given by existing techniques. For example, a pseudo-random sequence generator c init = N Ncell ID It can be initialized to.

[0175]

[0176] For example, regarding frame structure type 2:

[0177] - If G = 2 and P = 4 for preamble formats 0, 1, and 2 as disclosed in Table 7, then Equation 10 may hold.

[0178]

[0179] For example, here mathematical equation 11 and n init is {0, 1, ..., N NPRACH sc The subcarrier file selected by the MAC layer from {-1} can be a pseudo-random sequence c(n), and the pseudo-random sequence c(n) can be given by existing techniques. For example, a pseudo-random sequence generator cinit = N Ncell ID It can be initialized to.

[0180]

[0181] - If, as disclosed in Table 7, G = 3 and P = 6 for preamble formats 0-a and 1-a, Equation 12 may hold.

[0182]

[0183] For example, here mathematical equation 13 and n init is {0, 1, ..., N NPRACH sc The subcarrier file selected by the MAC layer from {-1} can be a pseudo-random sequence c(n), and the pseudo-random sequence c(n) can be given by existing techniques. For example, a pseudo-random sequence generator c init = N Ncell ID It can be initialized to.

[0184]

[0185] Meanwhile, in the next generation of systems, it may be necessary to increase the multiplexing capacity of narrow band Internet of Things (e.g., NB-IoT) terminals, and this may be particularly important in the case of non-terrestrial network (e.g., NTN) systems.

[0186] Various embodiments of the present disclosure and / or combinations of embodiments may be applied differently to single-tone transmission and multi-tone transmission.

[0187] Various embodiments of the present disclosure and / or combinations of embodiments may be applied differently depending on the number of subcarriers allocated for transmission.

[0188] Various embodiments of the present disclosure and / or combinations of embodiments may be applied differently depending on the transmission content of the NPUSCH (narrowband physical uplink shared channel) (e.g., narrowband system information block (e.g., SIB1-NB; system information block 1-narrowband), system information block (e.g., SIB), paging, random access procedure related information or other data).

[0189] Various embodiments of the present disclosure and / or combinations of embodiments may be applied differently depending on the payload type of the satellite (e.g., regenerative or transparent payload).

[0190] Various embodiments and / or combinations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the type of non-ground network node (e.g., geo-stationary earth orbit (GEO), non-geo-stationary earth orbit (NGEO), low earth orbit (LEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), high altitude station platform (HASP), drone) or altitude or fixed beam footprint or cell-moving beam footprint.

[0191] Various embodiments and / or combinations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on whether a narrowband Internet of Things (e.g., NB-IoT) uplink transmission occurs from a pre-configured uplink resource.

[0192] Meanwhile, a narrowband physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) may have a first unit (or a resource of the first unit) of a symbol group composed of one cyclic prefix (e.g., CP) symbol and N sequence symbols, and P first units (or resources of the first unit) may form a second unit (or resources of the second unit) in a first frequency hopping pattern along the time axis (or along the time axis) with the first unit (or resources of the first unit) as a unit.

[0193] For example, P first units (or resources of the first units) forming a second unit (or resources of the second unit) with a first frequency hopping pattern may mean that the frequency resources of the symbol groups included in the first unit (or resources of the first unit) do not overlap in the time domain of the second unit (or resources of the second unit).

[0194] Meanwhile, for example, the above P symbol groups may belong to a continuous time resource and / or a discontinuous time resource.

[0195] Meanwhile, for example, among the symbol groups within the second unit, G first units (or resources of the first units) may belong to a continuous time resource. For example, within the second unit, G symbol groups (or first units (or resources of the first units)) may belong to a continuous time resource.

[0196] For example, the terminal can perform physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) transmission using a third unit (or resource of the third unit) in which the second unit (or resource of the second unit) is configured as a second frequency hopping pattern, wherein the second unit (or resource of the third unit) is configured with the above K (e.g., 64 for physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) preamble format 0 / 1, 16 for physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) preamble format 2, or a value set through a system information block (e.g., SIB) or RRC).

[0197] For example, the terminal can perform physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) transmission based on a third unit (or a resource of the third unit) in which the second unit (or a resource of the second unit) is configured as a second frequency hopping pattern K (e.g., 64 for physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) preamble format 0 / 1, 16 for physical random access channel (e.g., NPRACH) preamble format 2, or a value set through a system information block (e.g., SIB) or RRC).

[0198] Various combinations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently to single-tone transmission and multi-tone transmission.

[0199] Various combinations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the number of subcarriers allocated for transmission.

[0200] Various combinations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the transmission content of NPUSCH (e.g., SIB1-NB, SIB, paging, information related to random access procedures, or other data).

[0201] Various combinations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the payload type of the satellite (e.g., regenerative or transparent payload).

[0202] Various combinations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the type of non-ground network node (e.g., GEO, NGEO, LEO, MEO, HASP, drone) or altitude or fixed beam footprint or cell-moving beam footprint.

[0203] Various combinations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on whether NB-IoT uplink transmission occurs from a preset uplink resource.

[0204] Meanwhile, for NPUSCH transmission, an orthogonal cover code (OCC) in the time axis and / or frequency axis (e.g., subcarrier) may be applied to data symbols (excluding DMRS symbols).

[0205] To support the IoT NTN TDD mode in the next-generation system, a set of consecutive downlink subframes that do not overlap with each other, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and guard intervals may be configured with a period of N radio frames. For example, the above N value may include 8 or 9. For example, information regarding the TDD pattern and / or the N value may be provided through the PBCH and / or transmitted through the SIB, and / or may be (pre-)configured by band and / or carrier and / or synch raster.

[0206] Meanwhile, in IoT NTN, the system frame number may be in a form that repeats with a period of 10240 msec, and depending on the value of N, the TDD pattern may not match within 10240 msec. Meanwhile, when a hyperframe is set, the period may be extended to a multiple of K of 10240 msec, and depending on the value of K, the TDD pattern may still not match. For example, K may be 1024.

[0207] Meanwhile, in IoT NTN, valid NB-IoT downlink and / or uplink subframes for at least NPDSCH and NPUSCH can be determined based on upper layer parameters, and if a conflict occurs with the downlink and uplink settings for operating in the TDD mode, the operation of the terminal may become ambiguous.

[0208] Meanwhile, when operating in TDD mode in IoT NTN, NPDSCH (repetitive) transmission may be transmitted over multiple TDD pattern cycles (through transmission delay, etc.) according to the TDD pattern, and depending on the transmission delay, the opportunity to detect NPDSCH may become too small.

[0209] Meanwhile, even in RRC_CONNECTED mode, it may be required for an NB-IoT terminal to receive a specific CSS (Type-1 NPDCCH CSS) or perform NPDCCH monitoring for it in order to support applications such as warning messages. Meanwhile, in the above situation, there may already be NPDCCH and / or NPDSCH that are being transmitted (repeatedly) in the PO (Paging occasions), and in the above situation, an attempt to detect NPDCCH for a DCI scrambled with P-RNTI may be inefficient or impossible.

[0210] For example, when a terminal has a TDD mode set and / or a TDD mode enabled, at least N PDCCH monitoring opportunities in a set of downlink resources may be guaranteed within each TDD pattern cycle, and when there is a PDSCH (repeated) transmission in the said PDCCH monitoring opportunities, the PDSCH transmission may be punctured and / or rate-matched so as to avoid NPDCCH resources in whole or in part.

[0211] For example, if the terminal has TDD mode set and / or TDD mode enabled, the value of N may be 1. For example, the value of N may be set through SI, RRC, and / or MIB. For example, the value of N may be set per search space and / or per CSS or USS, respectively. For example, the value of N may be given, calculated, or obtained in the form of the period (or periodicity) for the search space and / or the number of NPDCCH monitoring opportunities for the entire or specific search space within a continuous set of downlink resources according to the TDD pattern and / or a scaling value for said value.

[0212] For example, if the terminal has TDD mode configured and / or TDD mode enabled, the terminal may perform NPDCCH monitoring at L NPDCCH monitoring opportunities for every M overlapping NPDCCH monitoring opportunities during a specific single NPDCCH (transmission delay and / or repetition) transmission. For example, the values ​​of M and L may be predefined and / or (pre)set. For example, counting the NPDCCH monitoring opportunities may be performed per search space and / or commonly for multiple search spaces.

[0213] For example, if a terminal has TDD mode set and / or TDD mode enabled, and NPDCCH monitoring opportunities according to another NPDCCH SS (e.g., USS or CSS) overlap with the terminal's NPDCCH, the terminal may be instructed through the NPDCCH or DCI scheduling the NPDCCH whether to perform NPDCCH monitoring corresponding to the overlapping other NPDCCH SS. In the above case, if the terminal is instructed to perform an NPDCCH reception operation associated with the other SS, the overlapping NPDCCH may be dropped or transmission delayed.

[0214] For example, in RRC_CONNECTED mode, if the NPDCCH reception operation and / or search space associated with P-RNTI is enabled, and / or if the terminal is set or enabled in TDD mode, and / or if at least multiple HARQ processes are not set, monitoring of the second NPDCCH may be performed in whole or in part of the time interval from the end of the first NPDCCH reception to the start of the first NPDSCH scheduled in the first NPDCCH, and / or to the subframe immediately preceding the downlink subframe that overlaps with the start time of the first NPUSCH scheduled in the first NPDCCH (after applying the (terminal-specific) TA at the terminal end).

[0215] For example, if an NPDCCH reception operation and / or search space associated with P-RNTI is enabled in RRC_CONNECTED mode, and / or if TDD mode is set for the terminal and / or if TDD mode is enabled, monitoring of the second NPDCCH may be performed in whole or in part of the time interval from after the end point of the first NPDSCH transmission (repetition) scheduled through the first NPDCCH to the subframe immediately preceding the downlink subframe that overlaps with the start point of the HARQ-ACK feedback for the first NPDSCH transmission and / or the corresponding NPUSCH format 2 (after applying the (terminal-specific) TA at the terminal end).

[0216] For example, if the NPDCCH receiving operation and / or search space associated with P-RNTI is enabled in RRC_CONNECTED mode, monitoring of the second NPDCCH may be performed in whole or in part of the downlink transmission gap for the first NPDSCH scheduled through the first NPDCCH and / or the first NPDSCH.

[0217] For example, if the NPDCCH receive operation and / or search space associated with P-RNTI is enabled in RRC_CONNECTED mode, monitoring of the second NPDCCH may be performed in whole or in part of the uplink transmission gap for the first NPUSCH scheduled through the first NPDSCH.

[0218] For example, if the NPDCCH receive operation and / or search space associated with P-RNTI is enabled in RRC_CONNECTED mode, monitoring for the second NPDCCH may be performed in whole or in part of the uplink transmission gap for the NPRACH transmission and / or resource.

[0219] For example, if an NPDCCH receiving operation associated with P-RNTI and / or a search space is enabled in RRC_CONNECTED mode, and / or if NPDCCH monitoring opportunities according to Type-1 NPDCCH CSS overlap with the terminal's NPDSCH, the terminal may be instructed to perform NPDCCH monitoring corresponding to the overlapped Type-1 NPDCCH CSS through the NPDCCH or DCI that schedules the NPDSCH. In the above case, if an NPDCCH receiving operation associated with P-RNTI is instructed, the overlapped NPDSCH may be dropped or transmission delayed.

[0220] For example, if an NPDCCH receiving operation and / or search space associated with P-RNTI is enabled in RRC_CONNECTED mode, and / or if NPDCCH monitoring opportunities according to Type-1 NPDCCH CSS overlap with the terminal's NPDCCH, the NPDCCH is not transmitted in the overlapped area, and the remainder may be delayed in transmission.

[0221] For example, if an NPDCCH receiving operation and / or search space associated with P-RNTI is enabled in RRC_CONNECTED mode, and / or if NPDCCH monitoring opportunities according to Type-1 NPDCCH CSS overlap with the terminal's NPDCCH, the NPDCCH associated with P-RNTI is not transmitted in the overlapped area, and the rest may be delayed in transmission.

[0222] For example, if the terminal's NPDCCH and / or NPDSCH and / or NPRACH and / or NPUSCH transmission is dropped or delayed during NPDCCH monitoring opportunities according to Type-1 NPDCCH CSS, the terminal may omit additional downlink transmission gaps and / or uplink transmission gaps and / or uplink segment gaps.

[0223] Specific combinations of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be selected / activated through RRC settings and / or MIB or SIB settings.

[0224] For example, the actual location of the NPDCCH monitoring opportunities of the Type-1 NPDCCH CSS can be adjusted to match the monitorable area of ​​the terminal.

[0225] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, if the NPDCCH receiving operation and / or search space associated with P-RNTI is enabled in RRC_CONNECTED mode, the second NPDCCH may be an NPDCCH associated with P-RNTI.

[0226] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the TDD mode is set or enabled, the second NPDCCH can schedule NPDSCH and / or schedule NPUSCH.

[0227] Regarding the uplink segment issue, the uplink segment size can be 2 msec or 4 msec, which may be smaller than the number of U NB-IoT subframes within the TDD pattern cycle. In this case, it may be necessary to support the existing pre-compensation mechanism within at least 8 U NB-IoT subframes.

[0228] Meanwhile, a single NPUSCH transmission may be mapped over multiple TDD pattern periods, in which case the terminal may need to perform pre-compensation before and after the gap between different uplink bursts. For example, considering that the terminal may perform pre-compensation during the gap, the uplink segment gap may not need to exist at the start of each uplink burst.

[0229] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, for segmented pre-compensation in IoT-NTN TDD mode, the uplink segment gap may not exist at the start of each uplink burst.

[0230] Meanwhile, the uplink segment size can be very large, such as 256 msec. In such cases, the uplink segment may not need to be restarted for each uplink burst. Instead, multiple uplink bursts spanning different TDD pattern cycles can belong to the same uplink segment. This can be advantageous for reducing terminal complexity or terminal power consumption.

[0231] For example, depending on the uplink segment size (e.g., 128 or 256 msec), allowing multiple uplink bursts across different TDD pattern cycles to belong to the same uplink segment may be advantageous in terms of terminal complexity or terminal power consumption.

[0232] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, for a terminal communicating over an NTN, in frame structure type 1, After time-unit transmissions (and / or delays due to NPRACH, and / or delays due to overlap with non-U NB-IoT subframes), for NPUSCH resource mapping A transmission gap in time units is counted, but the gap may not be used for NPUSCH transmission.

[0233] A new NPRACH offset is introduced to ensure that at least one PRU is included in eight consecutive U NB-IoT subframes within a TDD pattern cycle.

[0234] In the case of Type0-CSS PDCCH, it is necessary to define how the terminal recognizes whether the Type0-CSS PDCCH repetition is enabled.

[0235] If PBCH is used, it may be necessary to use existing spare bits for at least NTN access. In this case, MIB instructions may become impossible in the future due to a shortage of spare bits. Another approach may be to use the reserved bits of the PBCH to indicate the enable / disable of Type0-CSS PDCCH iterations. In this case, the terminal may not need to perform additional BD to detect PDCCH iterations. Specifically, if PDCCH iterations are enabled, the terminal may skip detection for some PDCCH candidates (e.g., PDCCH candidates with AL4).

[0236] If no signaling is introduced for this (in RAN1), the terminal may need to perform BD to detect PDCCH repetitions. However, it may not be desirable to increase the total number of BDs, CCEs, or the total number of PDCCH candidates for Type0-CSS PDCCH detection.

[0237] For example, considering a 5 MHz bandwidth in FR1-NTN, the aggregation level of PDCCH for SIB1 is limited to 8, in which case BD for AL16 can be reused for PDCCH repeat detection. To this end, PDCCH repeats can be applied only to PDCCH candidates for AL8. For example, to further reduce BDs for PDCCH repeats, it may also be considered to apply PDCCH repeats only to the lowest or highest PDCCH candidate index for AL8. For example, PDCCHs with AL4 may not need to be repeated.

[0238] FIG. 10 illustrates a pre-compensation gap for pre-compensation related to uplink transmission within a TDD cycle, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0239] Referring to FIG. 10, a TDD cycle associated with Uu communication that does not include a pre-compensation gap, a TDD cycle configured such that the pre-compensation gap is included in a consecutive set of UL (uplink) subframes according to the prior art, and a TDD cycle configured such that the pre-compensation gap is included in a guard interval within the TDD cycle according to the proposed art of the present disclosure are shown. Here, the TDD cycle may be composed of a consecutive set of DL (downlink) subframes, a guard interval, and a consecutive set of UL subframes in chronological order.

[0240] For example, in the present disclosure, a pre-compensation gap refers to a time interval during which pre-compensation is performed for a transmission operation, and any time interval used for the same purpose, even if the terms referred to in the description of the present disclosure differ, may be interpreted as a pre-compensation gap. For example, a segment gap during which pre-compensation for uplink transmission is performed may also be interchangeable with a pre-compensation gap.

[0241] For example, according to existing technology, the resource area where uplink transmission can be performed may be reduced as the pre-compensation gap is included in a continuous set of UL subframes. On the other hand, according to the proposed technology, the pre-compensation gap can be included in a guard section where uplink transmission is not performed, and a significant effect can be achieved in which the resource area required for uplink transmission is not reduced while the pre-compensation operation required for uplink transmission is performed in the same way as in existing technology.

[0242] In the description of AL (aggregation level, the number of CCEs (control channel elements) constituting the PDCCH candidate) in the embodiments of the present disclosure, supporting PDCCH iteration only for AL8 is merely an example, and the method of supporting PDCCH iteration only for some ALs (AL8 and / or AL16) instead of all ALs can be extended from the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0243] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a method of supporting PDCCH iteration for only some of the specific AL's PDCCH candidates can also be applied by extending the concept of the present disclosure.

[0244] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, for an intermediate region after the start of an uplink burst, a segment gap may be added according to the pre-compensated uplink segment setting / appearance, and / or the terminal may omit uplink transmission in the gap.

[0245] For example, multiple uplink bursts for different TDD pattern cycles with TA applied at the terminal may exist within a specific time interval, and in the above case, it may be assumed that multiple uplink bursts exist in the same segment.

[0246] For example, if the size of an uplink burst is 8 msec, the gap between the next uplink bursts is M msec, and the size of an uplink segment is 8+M+N msec, then uplink subframes of the next uplink burst that are (completely) included or overlapped from the start of the first uplink burst to a position equivalent to 8+M+N msec may be included as the same uplink segment as the previous uplink burst. Depending on the size of the uplink segment, the above method may be extended and applied to two or more uplink bursts. For example, when counting the number of uplink transmissions for segment gap setting, the time unit corresponding to the postponement caused by overlap with non-U NB-IoT subframes of the TDD pattern may also be counted.

[0247] For example, when TDD mode is enabled, the location of NPRACH within consecutive uplink slots or uplink bursts in the TDD pattern may be located at the end of the uplink burst.

[0248] In an embodiment of the present disclosure in which an NPRACH resource is superimposed on an uplink burst of a TDD pattern as the TDD mode is activated, the offset for the NPRACH resource may be derived using a slot offset and / or subframe offset and frame offset with respect to SFN0 and the start time of the TDD pattern as parameters. Alternatively, for example, the offset for the NPRACH resource may be determined based on the reference point as the start time of the first TDD pattern within H-SFN or SFN, or the SFN with respect to it.

[0249] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the form in which the TDD pattern is provided may include cases where it is set from a base station or cases where it is (pre)set.

[0250] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, in a carrier of the type receiving a TDD pattern, it may be assumed that a general LTE system does not coexist, and / or thus downlink signal / channel mapping can be performed by assuming that there is no overlap with CRC overhead or CRS.

[0251] For operation without shared spectrum channel access and SS / PBCH block and CORESET multiplexing pattern 1, the terminal can monitor PDCCH in a Type0-PDCCH CSS set across two slots.

[0252] For example, for SS / PBCH block index i, the terminal can determine the index of slot n0 as follows. For example, When Within the frame of an SFN satisfying, or When Within the frame of an SFN satisfying, It could be. Here, It is and can be based on SCS for receiving PDCCH in CORESET.

[0253] for example, For SS / PBCH block index i, the two slots containing the associated Type0-PDCCH monitoring opportunity may be slot n0 and n0+1. In this case, the first symbol index of CORESET in M, O and slots n0 and n0+1 may be provided by Table 8.

[0254] For example, for μ = 5 and SS / PBCH block index i, the two slots containing the associated Type0-PDCCH monitoring opportunity may be slot n0 and n0+4. In this case, the first symbol index of M, O and the CORESET in slots n0 and n0+4 may be provided by a pre-definition for the case where X = 1.25.

[0255] For example, for μ = 6 and SS / PBCH block index i, the two slots containing the associated Type0-PDCCH monitoring opportunity may be slot n0 and n0+8. In this case, the first symbol index of CORESET in M, O and slots n0 and n0+8 may be provided by a pre-definition for the case where X = 0.625.

[0256] Table 8 may represent parameters for PDCCH monitoring opportunities for Type0-PDCCH CSS sets in FR1. For example, Table 8 may be related to SS / PBCH blocks and CORESET multiplexing pattern 1.

[0257] Index O Number of search space sets per slot M First symbol index 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 2 1 / 2 {0, if i is even}, { , if i is odd}221103221 / 2{0, if i is even}, { , if i is odd}451105521 / 2{0, if i is even}, { , if i is odd}671107721 / 2{0, if i is even}, { , if i is odd}8012095120100111110112122111132112145111155112

[0258] Meanwhile, PDCCH iteration can be performed for a specific CSS (Type0-CSS provided by the MIB), and / or in the above case, slots after a specific offset from slot n_0 and / or n_0+1 linked to the SSB used by the terminal to acquire the MIB can be used for iteration.

[0259] For example, when a terminal performs a PDCCH iteration for a specific CSS (Type0-CSS provided by the MIB), the terminal may assume that a PDCCH for the same DCI is transmitted in slot n_0 and slot n_0+X.

[0260] For example, the above X value may be in the form of a value obtained by multiplying N_max (e.g., the maximum number of SSBs supported for a band and / or carrier and / or spectrum type) and M value (e.g., a search space setting for Type0-CSS provided in the MIB, which determines whether and how PDCCH monitoring opportunities between different SSB indices overlap depending on the M value) and then adding Y (e.g., 1).

[0261] For example, the above X value may have a value of 3 and / or 5 and / or 1 and / or 9, and the value may be determined according to the value of M.

[0262] For example, if M=1 / 2, the value of X is 3, and / or if M=1, the value of X is 5, and and / or if M=2, the value of X can be 1 and / or 9.

[0263] Meanwhile, regarding the resources of slot n_0+X used for PDCCH repetition, a legacy terminal may misinterpret the DCI when detecting PDCCH (particularly in connection with SI-RNTI).

[0264] For example, the terminal may not expect a standalone PDCCH transmission other than the above PDCCH iteration for slot n_0+X. For example, the terminal may not expect slot n_0+X to be included in other CSSs (e.g., Type0A-CSS and / or Type1-CSS and / or Type2-CSS).

[0265] For example, if PDCCH repetition is enabled for a specific CSS (Type0-CSS provided by MIB), the terminal (supporting this) may not perform PDCCH BD associated with a specific AL (e.g., AL4 and / or AL8). For example, if PDCCH repetition is enabled for a specific CSS (Type0-CSS provided by MIB), the terminal (supporting this) may not expect PDCCH associated with a specific AL (e.g., AL4 and / or AL8) to be transmitted.

[0266] If PDCCH repetition is enabled for a specific CSS (Type0-CSS provided by MIB), the terminal (supporting this) may not expect PDCCH without repetition associated with all or part of the AL.

[0267] The proposed method above may be applied to the device described below. First, the processor (202) of the receiving terminal may set at least one BWP. Then, the processor (202) of the receiving terminal may control the transceiver (206) of the receiving terminal to receive a sidelink-related physical channel and / or a sidelink-related reference signal from the transmitting terminal on at least one BWP.

[0268] For example, if repetitive transmission is set up on the uplink and the number of repetitions R is greater than 1, the terminal must not autonomously adjust the uplink transmission timing during the ongoing repetition period, except at the initial transmission or at the first transmission of each consecutive set of uplink subframes, and prior compensation gaps may not be allowed.

[0269] For example, if a repetition period is set in the uplink and the number of repetitions R is greater than 1, the terminal may not change the Doppler pre-compensation during the ongoing repetition period, except during the transmission gap. However, in the case of Band 249, the terminal is allowed to perform pre-compensation at the start of an uplink burst consisting of eight consecutively transmitted uplink subframes, and the pre-compensation gap may not apply to Band 249.

[0270] For example, when segmentation is applied, the terminal may need to update the pre-compensation at the start of each segment prior to segment transmission, but in the case of Band 249, segment-level pre-compensation may not be supported.

[0271] IoT (Internet on Things) can refer to a common network where various devices are connected. NTN (Non-terrestrial Network) can refer to communication based on base stations or networks that do not exist on the ground (e.g., when a base station or network is flying in orbit). IoT can be performed in FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) mode or TDD (Time Division Duplex) mode. In particular, for NTN-based NB-IoT, time offset / frequency offset (e.g., TO; time offset / FO; frequency offset) can be adjusted through pre-compensation to ensure smooth communication based on non-terrestrial networks. According to existing technology, for NTN-based NB-IoT, when a device operating in TDD mode performs uplink transmission, a time gap for pre-compensation is introduced within the set of subframes for uplink transmission during a certain time interval from the start of each transmission resource to adjust the time offset / frequency offset (e.g., TO / FO).

[0272] Meanwhile, in IoT TDD mode, the configuration of segments and segment gaps may not conform to the TDD pattern due to the postponement of uplink transmission from resources other than uplink resources, which can cause unnecessary drops in uplink transmissions. The start of the uplink burst in the TDD pattern can be changed to the start of a segment; however, if the segment gap is maintained within the segment, insufficient uplink resources may not be utilized efficiently according to the TDD pattern.

[0273] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, in a TDD cycle consisting of "downlink transmission interval - downlink / uplink gap - uplink transmission interval - downlink / uplink gap" used in the TDD mode of NTN-based NB-IoT, a pre-compensation operation for uplink transmission (e.g., time offset and / or frequency offset) may be performed within the downlink / uplink gap up to immediately before the uplink transmission interval. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, segments may be configured from the start of the uplink burst of the TDD pattern, but a gap may not be created for the first segment within the uplink burst.

[0274] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, by ensuring that a pre-compensation operation that may affect the resource area where uplink transmission is performed is not performed in the resource area where actual uplink transmission is performed, the effect of improving the success rate of transmission may occur. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, by reducing the uplink transmission omission section due to the segment gap, the amount of available uplink resources can be efficiently increased.

[0275] FIG. 11 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a first terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0276] Referring to FIG. 11, at step S1110, the first terminal can obtain information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing). For example, the TDD cycle may include a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap may not be allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes. At step S1120, the first terminal can update the pre-compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the pre-compensation gap. At step S1130, the first terminal can perform an uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes.

[0277] For example, the above-mentioned prior compensation gap may be included in the above-mentioned guard interval.

[0278] For example, the set of consecutive uplink subframes mentioned above may be located after the prior compensation gap.

[0279] For example, the above update can be performed prior to the uplink transmission.

[0280] For example, segmentation may be applied to the above uplink transmission.

[0281] For example, the uplink segment size associated with the above segmentation may be larger than the size of the above TDD cycle.

[0282] For example, a timing offset related to the uplink transmission can be determined based on the update of the prior compensation.

[0283] For example, a frequency offset associated with the uplink transmission can be determined based on the update of the prior compensation.

[0284] For example, the above uplink transmission may be a repetitive transmission.

[0285] For example, information related to the above TDD cycle can be obtained based on reception from a base station.

[0286] For example, the above base station may be an NTN base station.

[0287] For example, the above uplink transmission may be an NPUSCH (narrow-band physical uplink shared channel) transmission.

[0288] For example, the above uplink transmission may be a segment transmission.

[0289] The above-described embodiment may be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (102) of the first terminal (100) may obtain information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing). For example, the TDD cycle may include a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap may not be allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes. Then, the processor (102) of the first terminal (100) may update the pre-compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the pre-compensation gap. Then, the processor (102) of the first terminal (100) may control the transceiver (106) to perform uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes.

[0290] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first terminal may be provided. For example, the first terminal may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing commands. For example, based on the commands being executed by the at least one processor, the first terminal may: obtain information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing), wherein the TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes; update a pre-compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the pre-compensation gap; and perform an uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes.

[0291] For example, the above-mentioned prior compensation gap may be included in the above-mentioned guard interval.

[0292] For example, the set of consecutive uplink subframes mentioned above may be located after the prior compensation gap.

[0293] For example, the above update can be performed prior to the uplink transmission.

[0294] For example, segmentation may be applied to the above uplink transmission.

[0295] For example, the uplink segment size associated with the above segmentation may be larger than the size of the above TDD cycle.

[0296] For example, a timing offset related to the uplink transmission can be determined based on the update of the prior compensation.

[0297] For example, a frequency offset associated with the uplink transmission can be determined based on the update of the prior compensation.

[0298] For example, the above uplink transmission may be a repetitive transmission.

[0299] For example, information related to the above TDD cycle can be obtained based on reception from a base station.

[0300] For example, the above base station may be an NTN base station.

[0301] For example, the above uplink transmission may be an NPUSCH (narrow-band physical uplink shared channel) transmission.

[0302] For example, the above uplink transmission may be a segment transmission.

[0303] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first terminal may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions executed by the at least one processor, the first terminal may: obtain information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing), wherein the TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes; update a pre-compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the pre-compensation gap; and perform an uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes.

[0304] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording commands may be provided. For example, when the commands are executed, the first terminal may: obtain information related to a TDD cycle for a time division duplex (TDD) mode of an internet on thing (Internet on Thing) based on a non-terrestrial network (NTN), wherein the TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a prior compensation gap, and wherein the prior compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes; update a prior compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the prior compensation gap; and perform an uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes.

[0305] FIG. 12 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a base station according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0306] Referring to FIG. 12, in step S1210, the base station may transmit information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing) to the first terminal. For example, the TDD cycle may include a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap may not be allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes. In step S1220, the base station may receive an uplink transmission from the first terminal based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes. For example, the pre-compensation related to the set of consecutive uplink subframes may be updated in the pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap may be included in the guard interval.

[0307] For example, the above-mentioned prior compensation gap may be included in the above-mentioned guard interval.

[0308] For example, the set of consecutive uplink subframes mentioned above may be located after the prior compensation gap.

[0309] For example, the above update can be performed prior to the uplink transmission.

[0310] For example, segmentation may be applied to the above uplink transmission.

[0311] For example, the uplink segment size associated with the above segmentation may be larger than the size of the above TDD cycle.

[0312] For example, a timing offset related to the uplink transmission can be determined based on the update of the prior compensation.

[0313] For example, a frequency offset associated with the uplink transmission can be determined based on the update of the prior compensation.

[0314] For example, the above uplink transmission may be a repetitive transmission.

[0315] For example, the above base station may be an NTN base station.

[0316] For example, the above uplink transmission may be an NPUSCH (narrow-band physical uplink shared channel) transmission.

[0317] For example, the above uplink transmission may be a segment transmission.

[0318] The above-described embodiment may be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (302) of the base station (300) may control the transceiver (306) to transmit information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing) to the first terminal (100). For example, the TDD cycle may include a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap may not be allowed to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes. Then, the processor (302) of the base station (300) may control the transceiver (306) to receive an uplink transmission from the first terminal (100) based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes. For example, a prior reward associated with the set of consecutive uplink subframes is updated in the prior reward gap, and the prior reward gap may be included in the guard interval.

[0319] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station may be provided. For example, the base station may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the base station may: transmit to a first terminal information related to a TDD cycle for a TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network) based IoT (internet on thing), wherein the TDD cycle comprises a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and the pre-compensation gap is not permitted to be included within the set of consecutive uplink subframes; and receive an uplink transmission from the first terminal based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes, wherein a prior compensation associated with the set of consecutive uplink subframes is updated in the prior compensation gap, and the prior compensation gap may be included in the guard interval.

[0320] For example, the above-mentioned prior compensation gap may be included in the above-mentioned guard interval.

[0321] For example, the set of consecutive uplink subframes mentioned above may be located after the prior compensation gap.

[0322] For example, the above update can be performed prior to the uplink transmission.

[0323] For example, segmentation may be applied to the above uplink transmission.

[0324] For example, the uplink segment size associated with the above segmentation may be larger than the size of the above TDD cycle.

[0325] For example, a timing offset related to the uplink transmission can be determined based on the update of the prior compensation.

[0326] For example, a frequency offset associated with the uplink transmission can be determined based on the update of the prior compensation.

[0327] For example, the above uplink transmission may be a repetitive transmission.

[0328] For example, the above base station may be an NTN base station.

[0329] For example, the above uplink transmission may be an NPUSCH (narrow-band physical uplink shared channel) transmission.

[0330] For example, the above uplink transmission may be a segment transmission.

[0331] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with one another, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or procedures among the various embodiments may be omitted.

[0332] The following describes an apparatus to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0333] Although not limited to this, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0334] Examples are provided in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings and descriptions, the same reference numerals may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or function blocks unless otherwise described.

[0335] FIG. 13 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0336] Referring to FIG. 13, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with wireless communication functions, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., Advanced Air Mobility). The XR device includes an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0337] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present disclosure may include LTE, NR, and 6G, as well as Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology and may be implemented according to standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, but is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally, or generally, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be referred to by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally or generally, wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present disclosure may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) for low-power communication, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. As an example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0338] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) through a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology may be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) through the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) may communicate with each other through the base station (200) / network (300), but they may also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication). Also, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0339] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base station (200) and base station (200) / base station (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and inter-base station communication (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul)). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various proposals of the present disclosure, at least some of the following may be performed: various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc.

[0340] FIG. 14 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0341] Referring to FIG. 14, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} may correspond to {wireless device (100x), base station (200)} and / or {wireless device (100x), wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 13.

[0342] For example, the description of the first wireless device (or device) and the second wireless device (or device) below may be extended to the third wireless device (300) (or device) or the wireless device (or device) corresponding to a subsequent reference number. For example, the reference number of the processor of the third wireless device (300) may be 302, and the reference number of the transceiver may be 306.

[0343] The first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memory (104) and / or transceivers (106) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information within the memory (104) to generate a first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the first information / signal through the transceiver (106). Additionally, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal containing a second information / signal through the transceiver (106) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequence diagrams disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (106) may be combined with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0344] The second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202) and one or more memories (204), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or transceivers (206) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information within the memory (204) to generate a third information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the third information / signal through the transceiver (206). Additionally, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal containing a fourth information / signal through the transceiver (206) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the fourth information / signal in the memory (204). Memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, memory (204) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). A transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (206) may be interchangeable with an RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0345] Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate a signal (e.g., baseband signal) containing a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this document and provide it to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) may receive a signal (e.g., baseband signal) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and may obtain a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0346] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be contained in one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions, and / or sets of instructions.

[0347] One or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories (104, 204) may be composed of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer read storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories (104, 204) may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, one or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0348] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) may receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document through one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert the received wireless signal / channel, etc. from an RF band signal to a baseband signal in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signal / channel, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0349] FIG. 15 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0350] Referring to FIG. 15, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operation / function of FIG. 15 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14. The hardware elements of FIG. 15 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14. For example, blocks 1010 through 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 14. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 14, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14.

[0351] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 15. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block may include a transmission block (e.g., UL-SCH transmission block, DL-SCH transmission block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH).

[0352] Specifically, a codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by a scrambler (1010). The scrambled sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, which may include ID information of a wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by an N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on the complex modulation symbols. Additionally, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0353] A resource mapper (1050) can map the modulation symbols of each antenna port to a time-frequency resource. The time-frequency resource may include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A signal generator (1060) generates a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) may include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0354] The signal processing process for a received signal in a wireless device can be configured as the inverse of the signal processing process (1010–1060) of FIG. 15. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 in FIG. 14) can receive a wireless signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signal can be converted into a baseband signal through a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Subsequently, the baseband signal can be restored into a codeword through a resource de-mapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a de-scrambling process. The codeword can be restored into the original information block through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0355] FIG. 16 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use-example / service (see FIG. 13). The embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0356] Referring to FIG. 16, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 14 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 14. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 14. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and additional elements (140) and controls the general operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on a program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). Additionally, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110) in the memory unit (130).

[0357] The additional element (140) can be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 13, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 13, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 13, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 13, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 13, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 13, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (Fig. 13, 400), a base station (Fig. 13, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices can be used in a movable or fixed location depending on the use—e.g., service.

[0358] In FIG. 16, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least a portion may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). Additionally, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may include one or more additional elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more sets of processors. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of RAM (Random Access Memory), DRAM (Dynamic RAM), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory and / or a combination thereof.

[0359] Hereinafter, an implementation example of FIG. 16 will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0360] FIG. 17 illustrates a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop). The portable device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0361] Referring to FIG. 17, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c each correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 16.

[0362] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control the components of the portable device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) may include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / code / commands required for the operation of the portable device (100). Additionally, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the portable device (100) and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support the connection between the portable device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) may include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can receive or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input by a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker and / or a haptic module, etc.

[0363] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) acquires information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input from the user, and the acquired information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to another wireless device or to a base station. Additionally, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from another wireless device or base station and then restore the received wireless signals to their original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0364] The claims described in this disclosure may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this disclosure may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this disclosure may be combined to be implemented as a method. Additionally, the technical features of the method claims of this disclosure and the technical features of the device claims of this disclosure may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims of this disclosure and the technical features of the device claims of this disclosure may be combined to be implemented as a method.

Claims

In terms of method, The first terminal obtains information related to the TDD cycle for the TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network)-based IoT (internet on thing), The above TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and A step in which the above-mentioned prior compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of the above-mentioned consecutive uplink subframes; The step of the first terminal updating a prior compensation associated with a set of consecutive uplink subframes in the prior compensation gap; and A method comprising the step of the first terminal performing an uplink transmission based on a set of consecutive uplink subframes. In Article 1, The above-mentioned prior compensation gap is included in the above-mentioned guard interval, a method. In Article 1, A method in which the set of consecutive uplink subframes is located after the prior compensation gap. In Article 1, A method in which the above update is performed prior to the above uplink transmission. In Article 1, A method in which segmentation is applied to the above uplink transmission. In Article 5, A method in which the uplink segment size associated with the above segmentation is larger than the size of the above TDD cycle. In Article 1, A method in which a timing offset related to the uplink transmission is determined based on the update of the above prior compensation. In Article 1, A method in which a frequency offset associated with the uplink transmission is determined based on the update of the above prior compensation. In Article 1, The above uplink transmission is a method of repeated transmission. In Article 1, A method for obtaining information related to the above TDD cycle based on reception from a base station. In Article 10, The above base station is an NTN base station, method. In Article 1, The above uplink transmission is a method in which NPUSCH (narrow-band physical uplink shared channel) transmission. In Article 1, The above uplink transmission is a segment transmission method. In the first terminal, At least one transmitter / receiver; At least one processor; and It includes at least one memory connected to the above-mentioned at least one processor and storing instructions, Based on the execution of the above commands by the at least one processor, the first terminal: To obtain information related to the TDD cycle for the TDD (time division duplex) mode of NTN (non-terrestrial network)-based IoT (internet on thing), The above TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and The above-mentioned prior compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of the above-mentioned consecutive uplink subframes; Updating the prior reward associated with the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the aforementioned prior reward gap; and A first terminal that enables uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes mentioned above. In a processing device configured to control a first terminal, At least one processor; and It includes at least one memory connected to the above-mentioned at least one processor and storing instructions, Based on the execution of the above commands by the at least one processor, the first terminal: To obtain information related to the TDD cycle for the TDD (time division duplex) mode of NTN (non-terrestrial network)-based IoT (internet on thing), The above TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and The above-mentioned prior compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of the above-mentioned consecutive uplink subframes; Updating the prior reward associated with the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the aforementioned prior reward gap; and A processing device that enables uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes mentioned above. As a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions, When executed, the above commands cause the first terminal: To obtain information related to the TDD cycle for the TDD (time division duplex) mode of NTN (non-terrestrial network)-based IoT (internet on thing), The above TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and The above-mentioned prior compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of the above-mentioned consecutive uplink subframes; Updating the prior reward associated with the set of consecutive uplink subframes in the aforementioned prior reward gap; and A non-transient computer-readable storage medium that enables uplink transmission based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes. In terms of method, The base station transmits information related to the TDD cycle for the TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network)-based IoT (internet on thing) to the first terminal, wherein The above TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and A step in which the aforementioned prior compensation gap is not allowed to be included within the set of the aforementioned consecutive uplink subframes; and The base station includes the step of receiving an uplink transmission from the first terminal based on a set of consecutive uplink subframes, wherein The prior reward associated with the set of the aforementioned consecutive uplink subframes is updated at the aforementioned prior reward gap, and The above-mentioned prior compensation gap is included in the above-mentioned guard interval, a method. In Article 17, A method in which the above update is performed prior to the above uplink transmission. In the case of a base station, At least one transmitter / receiver; At least one processor; and It includes at least one memory connected to the above-mentioned at least one processor and storing instructions, Based on the execution by the above at least one processor, the base station: To transmit information related to the TDD cycle for the TDD (time division duplex) mode of an NTN (non-terrestrial network)-based IoT (internet on thing) to the first terminal, The above TDD cycle includes a set of consecutive downlink subframes, a guard interval, a set of consecutive uplink subframes, and a pre-compensation gap, and The above-mentioned prior compensation gap is not permitted to be included within the set of the above-mentioned consecutive uplink subframes; and To receive an uplink transmission from the first terminal based on the set of consecutive uplink subframes, The prior reward associated with the set of the aforementioned consecutive uplink subframes is updated at the aforementioned prior reward gap, and The above-mentioned prior compensation gap is a base station included in the above-mentioned guard interval. In Article 19, The above update is performed prior to the above uplink transmission, at a base station.

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