Communication system for realizing bidirectional protocol compatibility of upper computer and main control module

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication system for realizing bidirectional protocol compatibility of an upper computer and a main control module, which comprises a protocol bridging module, an upper computer communication interface module and an inter-module communication interface module, and is characterized in that the protocol bridging module is used for realizing bidirectional analysis and packaging of an upper computer protocol and an internal standard protocol; the protocol bridging module adopts an independent MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit) processing unit, integrates a protocol analysis unit, a mapping conversion unit and a data encapsulation unit, and is internally provided with a protocol mapping table for the mapping conversion unit and the data encapsulation unit to call; the upper computer communication interface module is used for realizing communication connection between the protocol bridging module and an upper computer, integrates various physical interfaces, and adopts a level and protocol adaptive design to realize seamless butt joint with different types of upper computers; and the inter-module communication interface module is used for realizing communication connection between the protocol bridging module and the main control module, integrates various standard interfaces, and adopts an interface automatic adaptation design to be compatible with interface specifications of different main control modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automation control technology, and in particular to a communication system that achieves bidirectional protocol compatibility between a host computer and a main control module. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the mainstream architecture in automation control and industrial equipment adopts a single control unit (microcontroller unit, MCU) architecture, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this architecture needs to simultaneously handle upper-level protocol parsing, underlying device control logic execution, and data feedback tasks, resulting in significant cost and compatibility issues.

[0003] (1) High development costs: When upgrading the system (such as replacing the host computer or updating control requirements), the host computer protocol needs to be changed, and the parsing program in the control unit needs to be modified. The underlying control module needs to be upgraded, and the protocol adaptation code needs to be adjusted simultaneously. The double modification is prone to logical conflicts, and a lot of manpower is required for debugging and verification, which leads to a longer development cycle and a surge in time and manpower costs.

[0004] (2) Poor hardware cost adaptability: Although the production cost of a single control unit is low, in order to adapt to different host computer protocols, it is necessary to customize hardware for different scenarios (such as changing the control unit model that supports a specific protocol or adding an external protocol conversion chip). After the long-term customization cost of adapting to multiple scenarios accumulates, the overall cost advantage is weakened.

[0005] (3) Insufficient protocol compatibility: Existing master-slave MCU dual-interface communication solutions are only used to improve data reliability or achieve interface redundancy. For example, see patent CN120370814A. They do not achieve bidirectional compatibility between the host computer and the controller at the protocol semantic layer. As a result, when upgrading, replacing or connecting to devices from different manufacturers, the communication protocols are often incompatible. The host computer software or controller firmware needs to be modified, which further increases the development and maintenance costs and makes it difficult to meet the needs of rapid system upgrades and low-cost replacement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention discloses a bidirectional protocol-compatible communication system between a host computer and a controller. By setting up a protocol bridging module (an independent processing unit) and a main control module with separated responsibilities, and in conjunction with inter-module communication interfaces and a host computer communication interface, a bidirectional protocol conversion and control collaborative architecture is constructed: the protocol bridging module is responsible for the bidirectional parsing and encapsulation of the host computer protocol and the internal standard protocol, while the main control module maintains the original underlying control logic unchanged and executes the core control tasks.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application provides a communication system for realizing bidirectional protocol compatibility between an upper computer and a master module, which comprises a protocol bridging module, an upper computer communication interface module and an inter-module communication interface module, wherein the protocol bridging module is used for realizing bidirectional analysis and packaging of the upper computer protocol and the internal standard protocol, the protocol bridging module adopts an independent MCU processing unit, integrates a protocol analysis unit, a mapping conversion unit and a data packaging unit, and internally stores a protocol mapping table for being called by the mapping conversion unit and the data packaging unit; the upper computer communication interface module is used for realizing communication connection between the protocol bridging module and the upper computer, the upper computer communication interface module integrates multiple physical interfaces and adopts level and protocol adaptive design to realize seamless connection with different types of upper computers; the inter-module communication interface module is used for realizing communication connection between the protocol bridging module and the master module, the inter-module communication interface module integrates multiple standard interfaces and adopts interface automatic adaptation design to be compatible with interface specifications of different master modules.

[0008] Further, the communication system performs bidirectional communication according to the following steps: when the protocol bridging module receives a protocol command frame sent by the upper computer through the upper computer communication interface module, the protocol bridging module analyzes the command frame, extracts operation instructions, parameters and check information, and converts the upper computer protocol format into the internal standard protocol format according to the internally stored protocol mapping table; the protocol bridging module sends the internal standard protocol instruction to the master module through the inter-module communication interface module; the master module returns the execution result in the internal standard protocol format through the inter-module communication interface module after executing the instruction; the protocol bridging module packages the internal standard protocol data into the protocol format compatible with the upper computer, and returns the packaged data to the upper computer through the upper computer communication interface module.

[0009] Further, the protocol bridging module extracts the instruction type and parameters through the protocol analysis unit, converts them into the standardized internal protocol format through the mapping conversion unit, and re-packages the internal standard protocol data fed back by the master module through the data packaging unit.

[0010] Further, the protocol bridging module further integrates an upper computer communication interface adaptation unit and an inter-module communication interface adaptation unit, the upper computer communication interface adaptation unit is used for adapting the level and timing standards of the upper computer communication interface module, and the inter-module communication interface adaptation unit is used for adapting the level and timing standards of the inter-module communication interface module.

[0011] Further, the host computer communication interface module is integrated with: a multi-interface integration unit, which integrates multiple physical interfaces by adopting hardware multiplexing design and controls interface enable signals through GPIO pins; a programmable level conversion unit, which is used for automatically adjusting output levels according to level signals of the host computer interface; and a protocol preprocessing unit, which pre-stores communication protocol characteristic codes of common host computers, additionally reserves multiple characteristic codes for external customized communication protocols, and thus automatically matches corresponding common protocol analysis rules by identifying initial handshake frames issued by the host computer.

[0012] Further, the host computer communication interface module is further integrated with a state indication and fault detection unit, which feeds back interface working states in real time by designing interface state indication lamps.

[0013] Further, the host computer communication interface module executes a host computer communication interface adaptation process according to the following steps: when the host computer accesses the corresponding interface of the host computer communication interface module, the multi-interface integration unit detects an interface insertion signal, the programmable level conversion unit automatically adapts host computer level standards, and the protocol preprocessing unit receives host computer handshake frames, matches corresponding communication protocol rules, and then indicates, through the state indication and fault detection unit, that the connection with the protocol bridge module is successful, and in the case of an exception, an alarm is triggered.

[0014] Further, the inter-module communication interface module is internally provided with an interface type recognition unit and an interface switching unit, after system power-on, the protocol bridge module automatically sends a multi-interface detection instruction, and according to interface support signals fed back by the host module, completes automatic switching of the adaptation interface and channel establishment.

[0015] Further, the protocol bridge module sends a detection instruction through the host computer communication interface module after power-on, automatically matches corresponding protocol types according to feedback signals of the host computer and loads mapping rules, so as to realize automatic protocol recognition.

[0016] Further, the protocol bridge module is further integrated with an Internet of Things module to realize remote protocol configuration and firmware upgrade.

[0017] The technical solution of the present application can realize compatible communication and stable control of different protocol systems without modifying host computer programs and host module control codes, significantly shortens system upgrade replacement period, reduces development verification cost, improves communication compatibility and control stability, and adapts to flexible application requirements of multiple scenes such as automation and industrial equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a single control unit architecture diagram of the prior art;

[0020] Figure 2 is a bidirectional protocol compatible communication system framework diagram of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is an internal structure block diagram of the protocol bridge module of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a hardware structure block diagram of the host computer communication interface module of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a hardware structure block diagram of the module communication interface module of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is an implementation schematic diagram of the low-cost industrial equipment scene of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 is an implementation schematic diagram of the high-speed data interaction scene of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 is an implementation schematic diagram of the portable mobile device scene of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0028] The key innovations of the present application include:

[0029] (1) Independent protocol bridge architecture: introducing an independent protocol bridge module, breaking through the traditional single MCU "protocol analysis + control execution" integrated design, realizing "protocol adaptation flexible adjustment, control logic stable and unchanged", fundamentally avoiding the conflict between protocol change and control logic, and realizing bidirectional compatibility at the protocol semantic layer, solving the cross-vendor, cross-protocol connection problem;

[0030] (2) Bidirectional protocol mapping mechanism: the protocol bridging module is built-in bidirectional analysis algorithm and protocol mapping table, synchronously completes the command analysis of "host computer protocol→internal standard protocol" and data encapsulation of "internal standard protocol→host computer protocol", realizes full-process bidirectional compatibility, and is superior to the traditional one-way conversion scheme;

[0031] (3) Modular communication interface design: the host computer communication interface and the inter-module communication interface are independently designed and support multiple types of combination, without changing the core module hardware and program, different communication scenes can be adapted, the hardware customization cost is reduced, and the system generalization degree is improved;

[0032] (4) Multi-protocol adaptive capability: multiple communication interfaces and protocol types are supported, cross-platform adaptation and multi-vendor interconnection can be realized through firmware update, and the system adaptation flexibility is improved;

[0033] (5) Zero modification compatible design: the host computer and the controller do not need to modify the program to realize system-level replacement and protocol compatibility, which greatly reduces the upgrade and docking cost.

[0034] As shown in Figure 2 , the application discloses a communication system with bidirectional protocol compatibility between a host computer and a controller, which is built by setting a protocol bridging module (independent processing unit) and a master control module with separated responsibilities, and is built by setting a module intercommunication interface and a host computer communication interface, to build a bidirectional protocol conversion and control coordination architecture: the protocol bridging module is responsible for bidirectional analysis and encapsulation of host computer protocol and internal standard protocol, and the master control module keeps the original bottom control logic unchanged and executes core control tasks.

[0035] The working process of the communication system of the application is as follows:

[0036] S1 host computer command receiving: the protocol bridging module (4) receives the protocol command frame sent by the host computer (1) through the host computer communication interface module (2);

[0037] S2 protocol analysis: the protocol bridging module (4) analyzes the command frame and extracts operation instructions, parameters and verification information;

[0038] S3 mapping conversion: according to the built-in protocol mapping table, the host computer protocol format is converted into the internal standard protocol format;

[0039] S4 instruction issuing: the internal standard protocol instruction is sent to the master control module (5) through the inter-module communication interface module (3);

[0040] S5 control execution: the master control module (5) executes the instruction, drives the bottom execution device (6) and collects the state / data;

[0041] S6 Result Feedback: The main control module (5) sends the execution result back in the internal standard protocol format through the inter-module communication interface module (3);

[0042] S7 Data Encapsulation: The protocol bridging module (4) encapsulates the internal standard protocol results into a protocol format compatible with the host computer (5);

[0043] S8 Feedback: The encapsulated data is sent back to the host computer (1) through the host computer communication interface module (2) to complete bidirectional communication.

[0044] The core of this communication system consists of a protocol bridging module, an inter-module communication interface module, and a host computer communication interface module. Each module has its own responsibilities but works together to achieve bidirectional compatible communication and control functions. The specific structure, functions, effects, and implementation methods are as follows:

[0045] I. Protocol Bridging Module:

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, it employs an independent MCU processing unit, with built-in multi-protocol parsing algorithms and a protocol mapping table (storing the correspondence rules between external protocols such as Modbus-RTU, RS485 custom protocol, and Ethernet TCP / IP protocol and internal standard protocols); internally, it integrates a protocol parsing unit, a mapping conversion unit, and a data encapsulation unit. Its core functions are:

[0047] Receiver: Receives commands from the host computer via the host computer communication interface, the parsing unit extracts the instructions and parameters, the mapping and conversion unit converts them into a standardized internal protocol format, and sends them to the main control module via the inter-module communication interface;

[0048] Feedback end: Receives internal standard format data from the main control module, and the encapsulation unit re-encapsulates the data according to the host computer protocol specifications before sending it back, thus achieving bidirectional protocol conversion.

[0049] Description of the internal units of the protocol bridging module:

[0050] Host computer communication interface adapter unit: calls the MCU peripheral to adapt the level, timing standard, etc. of the host computer communication interface module.

[0051] Protocol parsing unit: Receives protocol command frames from the host computer, and parses the instruction type, parameter range, and verification rules.

[0052] Mapping and Conversion Unit: Calls the protocol mapping table to realize the format conversion (bidirectional mapping) between the host computer protocol and the internal standard protocol.

[0053] Data encapsulation unit: Takes the internal standard protocol data fed back by the main control module, calls the protocol mapping table, and re-encapsulates it according to the host computer protocol specifications (including check bits).

[0054] Protocol mapping table: Stores multi-protocol mapping rules (such as the field correspondence between external protocols like Modbus-RTU / Ethernet TCP / IP and internal protocols), facilitating access by the data encapsulation and mapping conversion units. The protocol mapping table can be customized.

[0055] Inter-module communication interface adapter unit: adapts the level and timing standards of the host computer communication interface (1) and the inter-module communication interface (3).

[0056] II. Host Computer Communication Interface Module:

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the host computer communication interface module adopts a "multi-physical interface integration + level / protocol adaptive" design to achieve seamless integration with different types of host computers. The specific solution is as follows:

[0058] Multi-interface integration and hardware reuse: Integrates five physical interfaces: RS485, RS232, Ethernet RJ45, USB Type-C (for both communication and power supply), and wireless WiFi (2.4G / 5G dual-mode). The interface circuits employ a hardware reuse design—RS485, RS232, and USB interfaces share a level conversion chip (RS232 has a separate level conversion sub-circuit), while the Ethernet and WiFi modules share a PHY chip. Interface enable signals are controlled via GPIO pins, avoiding interface conflicts and simplifying the hardware layout. A built-in programmable level conversion chip supports a wide level conversion range of 1.8V-5V, with a separate ±12V level conversion adapter for the RS232 interface. The output level can be automatically adjusted according to the level signal from the host computer interface.

[0059] The integrated protocol preprocessing unit pre-stores communication protocol signatures for common host computers such as industrial touchscreens, PC monitoring systems, and embedded controllers. It also reserves multiple signatures for externally customized communication protocols. By recognizing the initial handshake frame sent by the host computer, it automatically matches the corresponding common protocol parsing rules.

[0060] Status monitoring design: Design interface status indicator lights (each interface corresponds to three status lights: power, communication, and abnormal) to provide real-time feedback on the interface's working status, facilitating on-site debugging and troubleshooting.

[0061] The adaptation process for the host computer communication interface module is as follows:

[0062] S1: The host computer connects to the corresponding host computer communication interface module;

[0063] S2: Multi-interface integrated unit detects interface insertion signals;

[0064] S3: The level conversion unit automatically adapts to the host computer's level standard;

[0065] S4: The protocol preprocessing unit receives the handshake frame from the host computer;

[0066] S5: Match the corresponding communication protocol rules;

[0067] S6: The status indicator light shows that communication is ready and the connection with the protocol bridging module is successful (an alarm will be triggered by an abnormality in the fault detection unit).

[0068] III. Inter-module communication interface module:

[0069] like Figure 5 As shown, the inter-module communication interface module is the core channel for data interaction between the protocol bridging module and the main control module. It adopts a "multi-interface compatibility + automatic adaptation" design, and the specific scheme is as follows:

[0070] Full-coverage interface design: Integrates 6 mainstream standard interfaces, including SPI (up to 10Mbps), UART (configurable baud rate 9600-115200bps), I²C (rate 100kHz-400kHz), CAN (500kbps-1Mbps), RS485 (baud rate 9600-115200bps) and Ethernet (10 / 100Mbps adaptive), covering most inter-module communication scenarios in the industrial control field.

[0071] Interface adaptive switching logic: The built-in interface identification circuit and switching switch enable the protocol bridging module to automatically send multi-interface detection commands after the system is powered on. Based on the interface support signals fed back by the main control module, the automatic switching of the adapted interface and the establishment of the channel can be completed without manual configuration, and it is compatible with the interface specifications of different main control modules.

[0072] The adaptive switching process for the inter-module communication interface is as follows:

[0073] S1: System power-on initialization;

[0074] S2: The protocol bridging module sends multiple interface probe frames (sending each interface probe frame one by one).

[0075] S3: The main control module provides feedback on the supported interface types;

[0076] S4: The interface identification unit analyzes the feedback signal;

[0077] S5: Control the switching switch to connect the corresponding interface driver unit;

[0078] S6: Establish a stable communication channel.

[0079] In a further embodiment, this invention can add an "automatic protocol identification function"—after the protocol bridging module is powered on, it sends a probe command through the host computer communication interface. Based on the feedback signal from the host computer, it automatically matches the corresponding protocol type and loads the mapping rules, eliminating the need for manual configuration and improving system deployment efficiency. Simultaneously, a PC-based protocol configuration tool can be developed to support user-visual editing of protocol mapping tables and export / import configuration files, facilitating batch deployment of multiple devices. Furthermore, in the future, IoT modules such as WiFi and LoRa can be integrated into the protocol bridging module to achieve remote protocol configuration and firmware upgrades, further enhancing the system's intelligence and ease of maintenance.

[0080] Furthermore, this invention can migrate some of the parsing functions of the protocol bridging module to the firmware level, supporting new protocols through firmware upgrades without replacing hardware, further improving protocol adaptation flexibility and reducing hardware iteration costs. The protocol mapping table built into the protocol bridging module can be migrated to an external storage chip (such as EEPROM), allowing users to directly modify the mapping rules of the external storage via a host computer without updating the protocol bridging module firmware, simplifying the configuration process. Additionally, the independent MCU of the protocol bridging module can be replaced with an equivalent processing unit such as an FPGA, improving the protocol parsing and conversion speed and adapting to scenarios with higher real-time requirements. It is understood that these features should all fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0081] Example 1: Low-cost industrial equipment scenario

[0082] like Figure 6 As shown, the protocol bridging module uses a low-cost model (such as the STM32F1 series), the inter-module communication interface uses UART (115200bps baud rate), and the host computer communication interface only retains the RS485 interface, Modbus-RTU protocol, to balance cost and the basic communication needs of small and medium-sized automation equipment.

[0083] Example 2: High-speed data interaction scenario

[0084] like Figure 7 As shown, the protocol bridging module uses a high-performance model (such as STM32H7, which supports high-speed data processing), the inter-module communication interface adopts SPI (communication rate 10Mbps), and the host computer communication interface is configured with an Ethernet RJ45 interface (supporting 10Mbps TCP / IP transmission), which is suitable for scenarios that require real-time transmission of large amounts of data, such as production line monitoring and multi-device collaboration.

[0085] Example 3: Portable mobile device scenario

[0086] like Figure 8As shown, both the protocol bridging module and the main control module are low-power models (such as STM32L). The inter-module communication interface module adopts I2C (low power consumption, few pins occupied), and the host computer communication interface module is equipped with a USB Type-C interface (accommodating both 5V power supply and communication), adapting to the battery life and portability requirements of portable testing equipment and mobile control terminals.

[0087] The beneficial technical effects of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0088] (1) Separation of duties to reduce development risks: It completely solves the problem of conflict between protocol modification and control logic in the traditional single MCU architecture. The main control module can adapt to the new host computer protocol without modifying the original program, reducing development and verification costs. The protocol bridging module focuses on protocol conversion, improving parsing efficiency and compatibility.

[0089] (2) Two-way compatibility, simplifying system structure: Compared with the traditional one-way conversion scheme, it realizes full-process compatibility between upper computer command issuance and lower-level data feedback, without the need to add an additional feedback adaptation module, reducing system redundancy;

[0090] (3) Multi-interface adaptation to enhance flexibility: Supports mainstream interfaces such as RS485, Ethernet, and USB, and can be adapted to different types of host computers without changing hardware, meeting the needs of diverse application scenarios;

[0091] (4) Logical decoupling and enhanced scalability: The communication logic between the host computer and the controller is decoupled through an independent protocol bridging module, the system structure is modularized, the compatibility and reusability are improved, and the later maintenance costs are reduced.

[0092] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication system for implementing bidirectional protocol compatibility between a host computer and a master module, characterized in that, The communication system comprises a protocol bridge module, a host computer communication interface module and an inter-module communication interface module, wherein, The protocol bridge module is used for realizing bidirectional analysis and packaging of host computer protocols and internal standard protocols, and adopts an independent MCU processing unit, integrates a protocol analysis unit, a mapping conversion unit and a data packaging unit, and internally stores a protocol mapping table for calling by the mapping conversion unit and the data packaging unit; The host computer communication interface module is used for realizing communication connection between the protocol bridge module and a host computer, and integrates multiple physical interfaces and adopts level and protocol adaptive design to realize seamless connection with different types of host computers; The inter-module communication interface module is used for realizing communication connection between the protocol bridge module and a master module, and integrates multiple standard interfaces and adopts interface automatic adaptation design to be compatible with interface specifications of different master modules.

2. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, The communication system performs bidirectional communication according to the following steps: When the protocol bridge module receives a protocol command frame sent by a host computer through the host computer communication interface module, the protocol bridge module analyzes the command frame, extracts operation instructions, parameters and check information, and converts the host computer protocol format into an internal standard protocol format according to the internally stored protocol mapping table; The protocol bridge module sends internal standard protocol instructions to a master module through the inter-module communication interface module; After the master module executes the instructions, the master module returns the execution results in the internal standard protocol format through the inter-module communication interface module; The protocol bridge module packages the internal standard protocol data into a protocol format compatible with the host computer, and returns the packaged data to the host computer through the host computer communication interface module.

3. The communication system of claim 2, wherein, The protocol bridge module extracts instruction types and parameters through the protocol analysis unit, converts them into a standardized internal protocol format through the mapping conversion unit, and re-packages the internal standard protocol data fed back by the master module through the data packaging unit.

4. The communication system of claim 3, wherein The protocol bridge module further integrates a host computer communication interface adaptation unit and an inter-module communication interface adaptation unit, the host computer communication interface adaptation unit is used for adapting the level and timing standards of the host computer communication interface module, and the inter-module communication interface adaptation unit is used for adapting the level and timing standards of the inter-module communication interface module.

5. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, The host computer communication interface module integrates: A multi-interface integration unit that integrates multiple physical interfaces through hardware multiplexing design and controls interface enable signals through GPIO pins; A programmable level conversion unit that is used for automatically adjusting output levels according to level signals of host computer interfaces; And A protocol preprocessing unit that pre-stores communication protocol characteristic codes of common host computers, additionally reserves multiple characteristic codes for external customized communication protocols, thereby automatically matches corresponding common protocol analysis rules by identifying initial handshake frames issued by host computers.

6. The communication system of claim 5, wherein, The host computer communication interface module further integrates a state indication and fault detection unit that realizes real-time feedback of interface working states through design of interface state indication lamps.

7. The communication system of claim 6, wherein, The host computer communication interface module executes the host computer communication interface adaptation process according to the following steps: When the host computer accesses the corresponding interface of the host computer communication interface module, the multi-interface integrated unit detects the interface insertion signal, the programmable level conversion unit automatically adapts the host computer level standard, the protocol preprocessing unit receives the host computer handshake frame, matches the corresponding communication protocol rules, and then indicates the connection success with the protocol bridge module through the state indication and fault detection unit, and in the case of abnormality, the alarm is triggered.

8. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, The interface type identification unit and the interface switching unit in the module communication interface module are built-in, after the system is powered on, the protocol bridge module automatically sends a multi-interface detection instruction, and according to the interface support signal fed back by the host module, the automatic switching of the adapted interface and the channel establishment are completed.

9. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, After the protocol bridge module is powered on, the detection instruction is sent through the host computer communication interface module, the corresponding protocol type is automatically matched according to the feedback signal of the host computer, and the mapping rules are loaded, so that the protocol automatic identification is realized.

10. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, The protocol bridge module is also integrated with the Internet of Things module to realize remote protocol configuration and firmware upgrade.

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