A test apparatus and test method for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system.

Abstract

This invention discloses a test device and method for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system, comprising a tunnel model, an electrostatic dust removal unit, a dust detection unit, a fan unit, and a dust generation unit. The tunnel model is open at both ends, and the electrostatic dust removal unit, dust detection unit, fan unit, and dust generation unit are all located within the tunnel model. The electrostatic dust removal unit is used to remove dust from the tunnel model, the dust detection unit is used to detect the dust concentration within the tunnel model, the fan unit is used to apply longitudinal airflow within the tunnel model, and the dust generation unit is used to disperse dust into the tunnel model. This invention utilizes the dust generation unit to disperse dust into the tunnel model, the electrostatic dust removal unit and the fan unit to remove dust from the tunnel model, and the dust detection unit to test the dust concentration before and after dust removal. This allows for indoor testing of the tunnel electrostatic dust removal effect, minimizing the risks associated with on-site testing, and yields good test results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel operation ventilation systems, and specifically relates to a test device and test method for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal ventilation system. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel operation, toxic and harmful fumes can endanger the health of passengers and staff. Therefore, reducing the concentration of harmful fumes is the primary objective and design standard of tunnel ventilation. For harmful gases, ventilation can reduce their concentration to below safe levels for humans. For harmful dust, while introducing fresh air can also reduce their concentration, a more effective method is to collect or remove harmful dust through electrostatic precipitators or centralized exhaust systems. In tunnels using electrostatic precipitators, it is often necessary to test their effectiveness. However, testing the dust removal effect during operation requires appropriate measures. For highways, closing the highway is very costly. For ordinary road tunnels, although road closures are not necessary, the passing traffic poses a significant safety hazard to testing personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a test device and test method for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system, in order to solve the problem that the existing tunnel dust removal effect test requires the tunnel to be sealed, which is costly or poses a significant safety hazard to vehicles.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] This invention provides a test device for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system, comprising a tunnel model, an electrostatic dust removal unit, a dust detection unit, a fan unit, and a dust generation unit; the tunnel model is open at both ends, and the electrostatic dust removal unit, dust detection unit, fan unit, and dust generation unit are all installed inside the tunnel model; the electrostatic dust removal unit is used to remove dust inside the tunnel model, the dust detection unit is used to detect the dust concentration inside the tunnel model, the fan unit is used to apply longitudinal airflow inside the tunnel model, and the dust generation unit is used to disperse dust into the tunnel model.

[0006] Furthermore, the electrostatic dust removal unit is located at the top center of the tunnel model, and the electrostatic dust removal units are evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel model.

[0007] Furthermore, the electrostatic dust removal unit includes a support frame, a positive discharge component, a grounding component, a negative discharge component, and a power supply. The support frame is fixedly installed at the top center of the tunnel model. The two ends of the positive and negative discharge components are horizontally fixed to the support frame, and the positive and negative discharge components are arranged parallel and spaced apart. The grounding component is horizontally installed between the positive and negative discharge components, and the two ends of the grounding component are fixed to the support frame. The power supply includes a positive power supply and a negative power supply. The positive discharge component is connected to the positive power supply, and the negative discharge component is connected to the negative power supply. The positive discharge component, the grounding plate, and the negative discharge component adopt a plate-like structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the dust detection units are evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel model and symmetrically set in the middle of the sidewall of the tunnel model.

[0009] Furthermore, the dust detection unit employs a laser dust meter or an electrostatic dust meter.

[0010] Furthermore, the fan unit is located at the end opening of the tunnel model, and the fan unit is located at the top center of the tunnel model.

[0011] Furthermore, the dust generation unit is located at the center of the bottom plate of the tunnel model and is evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel model.

[0012] Furthermore, the dust generating unit includes a housing, a blower, a dust box, a dust filter, a dust box bracket, and a rotating buckle; the housing is a hollow cylindrical housing, and the housing is vertically set at the center of the bottom plate of the tunnel model;

[0013] The dust box bracket is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell, and the dust box is installed on the dust box bracket by rotating buckles. The dust box contains simulated dust. The blowers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the shell and are connected to the shell through inclined air ducts. The dust filter is installed at the top of the shell and is flush with the inner surface of the bottom plate of the tunnel model. The dust filter can rotate horizontally under the action of the blower.

[0014] Furthermore, the tunnel model is made of a transparent material, specifically plexiglass.

[0015] This invention also provides a test method for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system, specifically including the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Use the dust generating unit to generate dust and disperse the dust into the tunnel model;

[0017] Step 2: Test the dust concentration inside the tunnel model;

[0018] Step 3: Turn on the fan unit and electrostatic dust removal unit to remove dust from inside the tunnel model;

[0019] Step 4: After dust removal, test the dust concentration inside the tunnel model;

[0020] Step 5: Compare the dust concentration inside the tunnel model after dust removal treatment to obtain the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic dust removal ventilation system.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention provides a test device for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system. By setting up a tunnel model, dust is dispersed into the tunnel model using a dust generating unit. An electrostatic dust removal unit and a fan unit are used to detect and remove the dispersed dust within the tunnel model. The dust concentration before and after the dust removal process is tested using a dust detection unit, enabling indoor testing of the effectiveness of tunnel electrostatic dust removal. During testing, based on the principle of similar proportions, the tunnel model, dust volume, electrostatic dust removal unit, and fan unit are designed according to similar proportions, maximizing the simulation of actual effects and reducing experimental errors. The device of this invention has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and is simple to operate, minimizing the risks associated with on-site testing.

[0023] Furthermore, by placing the electrostatic dust removal unit at the top center of the tunnel model and arranging it evenly along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel model, the remaining space inside the tunnel model can be maximized, reducing the cost of setting up a separate bypass. At the same time, placing the electrostatic dust removal unit near the fan unit accelerates dust flow and improves the efficiency of electrostatic dust removal.

[0024] Furthermore, the electrostatic dust removal unit adopts a combination of positive discharge components, negative discharge components, and grounding plates, which has a simple structure and facilitates the cleaning of dust accumulated on the grounding components; the positive discharge components, negative discharge components, and grounding plates adopt a plate-like structure, which effectively increases the electric field area and improves dust removal efficiency.

[0025] Furthermore, the dust detection unit is set in the middle of the side wall of the tunnel model to simulate the actual situation of the tunnel on-site test. The dust detection units are symmetrically set on both sides of the center of the tunnel. By averaging the dust concentration detection values ​​of the two dust detection units on the same cross section, the accuracy of dust concentration detection is ensured and the accuracy of the test results is improved.

[0026] Furthermore, the dust detection unit uses a laser dust meter or an electrostatic dust meter, which is easy to install, has good accuracy, and can effectively detect dust concentration.

[0027] Furthermore, the fan unit is positioned above the centerline of the tunnel, which is in line with the actual conditions inside the tunnel and has the advantages of saving space and increasing ventilation.

[0028] Furthermore, the dust generation unit is located at the bottom of the tunnel, which is close to the actual location of vehicle exhaust emissions. It is the same as the location of dust generated in the actual tunnel, which is consistent with the actual situation, and the test results are highly authentic.

[0029] Furthermore, the dust generating unit consists of a blower, a dust box, a dust support, and a dust filter. The blower is connected to the housing via an inclined air duct. Under the action of the blower, a negative pressure is formed in the area above the dust box, drawing dust into the tunnel model. This effectively avoids excessive dust generation caused by direct airflow contact with the dust, maximizing the approximation of the actual conditions inside the tunnel. The dust box and the dust box support are fixed by a rotating buckle, a simple structure that facilitates disassembly and replacement of the dust box. When the dust in the dust box is depleted, it can be removed by rotating the buckle and refilled with new dust. The dust filter prevents interference from excessively large particles. The dust filter mesh rotates automatically under the action of airflow, thus evenly distributing the dust into the tunnel model.

[0030] Furthermore, the tunnel model is made of transparent material, which makes it easy for test personnel to directly observe the airflow pattern or dust dispersion pattern inside the tunnel, and to observe the dust removal effect and the working status of equipment and instruments inside the tunnel.

[0031] This invention also provides a test method for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system. By dispersing the dust generated by the production unit into a tunnel model, the dust in a real tunnel is simulated. The dust in the tunnel model is removed by a fan unit and an electrostatic dust removal unit. The dust concentration before and after the dust removal is detected and compared to obtain the dust removal effect of the fan unit and the electrostatic dust removal unit. The operation process is simple and the test results are relatively realistic.

[0032] In summary, the experimental device and method for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system described in this invention can adjust the three-dimensional scale and dust volume of the tunnel model according to specific simulation experiments, maximizing the simulation of actual effects and reducing experimental errors. It can minimize the risks of on-site testing, enabling indoor testing of the tunnel electrostatic dust removal effect. It is easy to manufacture, simple to operate, and provides reliable test results. Model experiments, which refer to physical experiments conducted on scaled-down or proportional models to obtain relevant data and apply the research results to the prototype, are an important experimental research method widely used in various disciplines and exhibiting good reliability. The key is to design the model based on similarity theory. To simulate the actual conditions inside the tunnel, the relevant models of this invention are designed according to similarity theory, enabling the simulation of the tunnel's internal conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a front view of the test device for the tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a side view of the test device for the tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dust generation unit structure in the tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system test device described in this invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrostatic dust removal unit structure in the tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system test device of the present invention.

[0037] The components include: 1. Tunnel model; 2. Electrostatic dust removal unit; 3. Dust detection unit; 4. Fan unit; 5. Dust generation unit; 6. Model support; 21. Support frame; 22. Positive discharge component; 23. Grounding component; 24. Negative discharge component; 25. Power supply; 51. Housing; 52. Blower; 53. Dust box; 54. Dust filter; 55. Dust box bracket; 56. Rotary buckle. Detailed Implementation

[0038] It should be noted that certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that different terms may be used to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in terminology, but rather on differences in function. The terms "comprising" or "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." The following descriptions are preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention; however, these descriptions are for the purpose of understanding the general principles of the specification and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of protection of this disclosure is determined by the appended claims.

[0039] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects clearer, the following specific embodiments provide a further detailed description of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0040] Appendix Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a test device and test method for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system, including a tunnel model 1, an electrostatic dust removal unit 2, a dust detection unit 3, a fan unit 4, a dust generation unit 5, and a model support 6; the tunnel model 1 is horizontally set on the model support 6, and the tunnel model 1 is fixed on the test ground by the model support 6.

[0041] Tunnel Model 1 is open at both ends. Based on the principle of similarity, Tunnel Model 1 is designed according to the actual tunnel structure dimensions and the design scale. The air flow and dust dispersion inside Tunnel Model 1 can meet the requirements of the simulation test, ensuring that Tunnel Model 1 can accurately simulate the ventilation airflow and dust dispersion patterns inside the actual tunnel. Tunnel Model 1 is made of transparent material, which makes it easy for test personnel to directly observe the air flow pattern or dust dispersion pattern inside the tunnel. Preferably, the transparent material is plexiglass.

[0042] The electrostatic dust removal unit 2, dust detection unit 3, fan unit 4, and dust generation unit 5 are all installed in the tunnel model 1. The electrostatic dust removal unit 2 is used to remove dust in the tunnel model 1, the dust detection unit 3 is used to detect the dust concentration in the tunnel model 1, the fan unit 4 is used to apply longitudinal air to the tunnel model 1, and the direction of the longitudinal air is consistent with the longitudinal direction of the tunnel model 1. The dust generation unit 5 is used to spread dust into the tunnel model 1.

[0043] The electrostatic dust removal unit 2 is located at the top center of the tunnel model 1 and is evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel model 1. The electrostatic dust removal unit 2 includes a support frame 21, a positive discharge component 22, a grounding component 23, a negative discharge component 24, and a power supply 25. The support frame 21 is fixedly located at the top center of the tunnel model 1. The two ends of the positive discharge component 22 and the negative discharge component 24 are horizontally fixed on the support frame 21 and are horizontally spaced apart. The grounding component 23 is horizontally located between the positive discharge component 22 and the negative discharge component 24 and is fixed at both ends on the support frame 21. The power supply 25 includes a positive power supply and a negative power supply. The positive discharge component 22 is connected to the positive power supply, and the negative discharge component 24 is connected to the negative power supply.

[0044] The support frame 21 is a metal structure. The positive discharge component 22 and the negative discharge component 24 are insulated and fixedly connected to the support frame 21. The grounding component 23 is non-insulated and fixedly connected to the support frame 21 to achieve the grounding effect of the grounding component 23.

[0045] When the positive and negative power supplies in the electrostatic dust removal unit 2 are working, a first electric field is generated between the positive discharge component 22 and the grounding component 23. Under the action of the first electric field, the dust-laden gas is ionized and positive ions are generated. The positive ions collide and combine with the dust, making the dust positively charged. At the same time, a second electric field is generated between the negative discharge component 24 and the grounding component 23. Under the action of the second electric field, the dust-laden gas is ionized and negative ions are generated. The negative ions collide and combine with the dust, making the dust negatively charged. Under the action of the first and second electric fields, the positively charged dust and the negatively charged dust will adhere to the grounding component 23, thereby achieving the purpose of electrostatic dust removal.

[0046] The dust detection unit 3 is used to detect dust in the tunnel model 1 before and after dust removal treatment. The dust detection unit 3 is evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel model 1 and symmetrically set in the middle of the side wall of the tunnel model 1. Preferably, the dust detection unit 3 adopts a laser dust meter or an electrostatic dust meter. The dust detection unit 3 is symmetrically set in the middle of the side wall of the tunnel model to simulate the actual situation of the tunnel on-site test. Its symmetrical arrangement on both sides of the center of the tunnel ensures the accuracy of dust concentration detection and improves the accuracy of test results by averaging the dust concentration detection values ​​of two dust detection units in the same cross section.

[0047] The fan unit 4 is located at the end opening of the tunnel model 1 and at the top center of the tunnel model 1. The fan unit 4 applies longitudinal air into the tunnel model to simulate the actual situation inside the tunnel. Preferably, the fan is a model jet fan.

[0048] Dust generating unit 5 is located at the center of the bottom plate of tunnel model 1, and is evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Dust generating unit 5 includes a shell 51, a blower 52, a dust box 53, a dust filter 54, a dust box bracket 55, and a rotating buckle 56. The shell 51 is a hollow cylindrical shell, and is vertically located at the center of the bottom plate of tunnel model 1. The dust box bracket 55 is fixedly located at the bottom end of the shell 51, and the dust box 53 is installed on the dust box bracket 55 through the rotating buckle 56. A gap is left on the dust box bracket for airflow. The dust box 53 contains simulated dust, which is obtained by crushing rocks sampled from the actual tunnel site. The dust box and the dust box bracket are fixed together by the rotating buckle. The structure is simple and easy to disassemble and replace. When the dust in the dust box is used up, the dust box can be removed by rotating the buckle and new dust can be added.

[0049] Blowers 52 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom end of housing 51, and are connected to housing 51 through air ducts. Preferably, the air duct between blowers 52 and housing 51 is inclined, so that negative pressure is formed in the area above the dust box under the action of the blowers, which drives the dust into the tunnel model, effectively avoiding the airflow directly contacting the dust and causing excessive dust, and maximizing the approximation of the actual situation inside the tunnel. Dust filter 54 is installed at the top of housing 51 and is flush with the inner surface of the bottom plate of tunnel model 1. Dust filter 54 is used to filter dust particles that are too large. According to the working principle of existing fan blades, the mesh in dust filter 54 is preset to an inclined angle. Dust filter 54 can rotate horizontally under the action of the blower, so as to better disperse the dust into the device body.

[0050] This invention also provides a test method for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system, specifically including the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Use dust generating unit 5 to generate dust and spread the dust into tunnel model 1; crush the rock sampled on site into simulated dust, place the simulated dust in a dust box, and then fix it on the dust box bracket. The dust box bracket has gaps for gas flow. A blower creates negative pressure in the shell to draw the dust into the shell, and then spreads the dust into the device body through the dust filter.

[0052] Step 2: Test the dust concentration inside tunnel model 1;

[0053] Step 3: Turn on the fan unit and electrostatic dust removal unit to remove dust inside tunnel model 1;

[0054] Step 4: After dust removal, test the dust concentration inside tunnel model 1;

[0055] Step 5: Compare the dust concentration inside the tunnel model after dust removal treatment to obtain the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic dust removal ventilation system.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely one of the implementation methods for achieving the technical solution of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, but also includes any variations, substitutions and other implementation methods that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system, characterized in that, The system includes a tunnel model (1), an electrostatic dust removal unit (2), a dust detection unit (3), a fan unit (4), and a dust generation unit (5). The tunnel model (1) is open at both ends. The electrostatic dust removal unit (2), the dust detection unit (3), the fan unit (4), and the dust generation unit (5) are all installed in the tunnel model (1). The electrostatic dust removal unit (2) is used to remove dust from the tunnel model (1), the dust detection unit (3) is used to detect the dust concentration in the tunnel model (1), the fan unit (4) is used to apply longitudinal air to the tunnel model (1), and the dust generation unit (5) is used to spread dust into the tunnel model (1). The electrostatic dust removal unit (2) is set at the top center of the tunnel model (1), and the electrostatic dust removal unit (2) is evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel model (1). The dust generation unit (5) is set at the center of the bottom plate of the tunnel model (1) and is evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel model (1). The dust generating unit (5) includes a housing (51), a blower (52), a dust box (53), a dust filter (54), a dust box bracket (55), and a rotating buckle (56); the housing (51) is a hollow cylindrical housing, and the housing (51) is vertically set at the center of the bottom plate of the tunnel model (1); The dust box bracket (55) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell (51), and the dust box (53) is installed on the dust box bracket (55) by rotating buckle (56). The dust box (53) contains simulated dust. The blower (52) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the shell (51). The blower (52) is connected to the shell (51) through the inclined air duct. The dust filter (54) is installed at the top of the shell (51) and is flush with the inner surface of the bottom plate of the tunnel model (1). The dust filter (54) can rotate horizontally under the action of the blower. The fan unit (4) is located at the end opening of the tunnel model (1) and at the top center of the tunnel model (1).

2. The test device for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrostatic dust removal unit (2) includes a support frame (21), a positive discharge component (22), a grounding component (23), a negative discharge component (24), and a power supply (25); the support frame (21) is fixedly installed at the top center of the tunnel model (1), and the two ends of the positive discharge component (22) and the negative discharge component (24) are horizontally fixed on the support frame (21), with the positive discharge component (22) and the negative discharge component (24) arranged parallel and spaced apart; the grounding component (23) is horizontally installed between the positive discharge component (22) and the negative discharge component (24), with the two ends of the grounding component (23) fixed on the support frame (21); The power supply (25) includes a positive power supply and a negative power supply. The positive discharge component (22) is connected to the positive power supply, and the negative discharge component (24) is connected to the negative power supply. The positive discharge component (22), the grounding plate (23) and the negative discharge component (24) adopt a plate structure.

3. The test device for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust detection unit (3) is evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel model (1) and symmetrically set in the middle of the side wall of the tunnel model (1).

4. The test device for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dust detection unit (3) uses a laser dust meter or an electrostatic dust meter.

5. The test device for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel model (1) is made of transparent material, which is made of plexiglass.

6. A test method for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system, characterized in that, The test apparatus for a tunnel electrostatic dust removal and ventilation system according to any one of claims 1-5 specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Use the dust generating unit to generate dust and disperse the dust into the tunnel model; Step 2: Test the dust concentration inside the tunnel model; Step 3: Turn on the fan unit and electrostatic dust removal unit to remove dust from inside the tunnel model; Step 4: After dust removal, test the dust concentration inside the tunnel model; Step 5: Compare the dust concentration inside the tunnel model after dust removal treatment to obtain the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic dust removal ventilation system.

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