Control circuit and control method of laminated energy storage cell based on bipolar current collecting plate

Abstract

The present invention discloses a control circuit for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate, wherein the laminated energy storage cell comprises at least two energy storage units stacked together, wherein the energy storage unit comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode of two adjacent energy storage units are arranged adjacent to each other, and a bipolar current collecting plate that is electronically conductive and ionically isolated is provided between the adjacent first and second electrodes; a connecting bypass is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode belonging to the same energy storage unit, and a variable resistor and a bypass switch are provided on the connecting bypass. The present invention also proposes a control method for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate. The laminated energy storage cell control circuit and control method based on the bipolar current collecting plate of the present invention can protect the energy storage unit when it fails, and disconnect the energy storage unit when it loses control, thereby ensuring that the other energy storage units of the laminated energy storage cell can continue to be used normally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery control circuit, and in particular to a control circuit and a control method for a laminated energy storage battery cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate. Background Art

[0002] Laminated batteries are made by stacking and connecting ordinary chemical dry cell batteries in rectangular blocks into a single battery. They are characterized by their compact size and high output voltage. They are widely used in agriculture, industry, defense, railway signaling, river and sea navigation aids, weather detection, and automatic control instruments. The most common laminated batteries used in everyday life are those in remote-controlled toy cars and multimeters.

[0003] Laminated batteries generally have the same properties as ordinary dry cell batteries, but their output voltage depends on the number of stacked cells. If six dry cell cells are connected in series, the total voltage of the stacked battery is 9V. Laminated batteries have the characteristics of small size and high output voltage, but their output current is low, making them unsuitable for use in high-power devices.

[0004] In addition, if a battery cell in a stacked battery fails or even goes out of control, the entire stacked battery will fail or even go out of control. At this time, the entire stacked battery needs to be scrapped as a whole, resulting in a reduction in the service life and reliability of the stacked battery. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a control circuit and control method for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate, which can protect the energy storage unit when it fails and disconnect the energy storage unit when it loses control, thereby ensuring that the other energy storage units of the laminated energy storage cell can continue to be used normally.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention first proposes a control circuit for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collector plate. The laminated energy storage cell includes at least two stacked energy storage units, each including a first electrode and a second electrode. The first and second electrodes of two adjacent energy storage units are adjacently arranged, and an electronically conductive and ionically isolated bipolar current collector plate is provided between the adjacent first and second electrodes.

[0008] A communication bypass is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode belonging to the same energy storage unit, and a variable resistor and a bypass switch are provided on the communication bypass.

[0009] Furthermore, a first electrode of the energy storage unit is provided with a first electrode tab, and a second electrode is provided with a second electrode tab, and the connecting bypass is electrically connected to the first electrode tab and the second electrode tab of the corresponding energy storage unit respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the first electrode tab and the second electrode tab, which respectively belong to two adjacent energy storage units and are arranged adjacent to each other, are both arranged on the bipolar current collecting plate located between the two energy storage units.

[0011] Furthermore, the first electrode tab and the second electrode tab arranged on the same bipolar current collecting plate are integrated.

[0012] Furthermore, the energy storage unit is a battery unit or a capacitor unit.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a control method for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate.

[0014] Detect the health status indicator of each energy storage unit:

[0015] When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is less than a set minimum threshold, the energy storage unit is in a healthy state, and the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to open;

[0016] When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than or equal to a set minimum threshold and less than or equal to a set maximum threshold, the energy storage unit is in a fault state, and the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to be closed, and the resistance of the variable resistor connected in parallel with the energy storage unit is controlled to be greater than zero, thereby controlling the output current of the energy storage unit to be within a set range;

[0017] When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than the set threshold, the energy storage unit is in an out-of-control state. First, all the bypass switches are opened, and the internal circuit of the energy storage unit is controlled to be broken; then the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to be closed, and the resistance of the variable resistor in parallel with the energy storage unit is controlled to be equal to zero.

[0018] Furthermore, the method for controlling the internal circuit breakers of the energy storage unit is as follows:

[0019] Connecting a high-voltage power supply between the first electrode and the second electrode of the corresponding energy storage unit, using the high-voltage power supply to break down the ion conductor of the energy storage unit and convert the broken-down ion conductor into an insulator; or

[0020] Adding a high-temperature pyrolysis component into the ion conductor of the energy storage unit, controlling the temperature of the corresponding energy storage unit to pyrolyze the high-temperature pyrolysis component in the ion conductor and converting the ion conductor of the energy storage unit into an insulator; or

[0021] Metal particles are dispersed and added into the ion conductor of the energy storage unit, and the temperature of the corresponding energy storage unit is controlled to melt and connect the metal particles together to form an electronic conductor layer that blocks the insulators, thereby converting the ion conductor of the energy storage unit into an ion isolation layer.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The bipolar current collector-based laminated energy storage cell control circuit of the present invention provides a communication bypass between the first and second electrodes of the energy storage unit, and provides a variable resistor and a bypass switch on the communication bypass. This circuit can independently control the external power output of each energy storage unit according to its health status indicator, that is:

[0024] Detecting the health status indicator of each energy storage unit. When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is less than a set minimum threshold, the energy storage unit is in a healthy state, and the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to open. At this time, all energy storage units of the entire stacked energy storage cell are connected in series to output electrical energy to the outside;

[0025] When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than or equal to a set minimum threshold and less than or equal to a set maximum threshold, the energy storage unit is in a fault state, and the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to be closed. At the same time, the resistance of the variable resistor connected in parallel with the energy storage unit is controlled to be greater than zero, thereby controlling the output current of the energy storage unit to be within a set range. In this way, the faulty energy storage unit outputs a smaller current, and the remaining current passes through the connected bypass corresponding to the faulty battery, which can protect the faulty energy storage unit and extend the service life of the faulty energy storage unit.

[0026] When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than a set threshold, the energy storage unit is in an out-of-control state. First, all the bypass switches are opened, and the internal circuit of the energy storage unit is controlled to be broken. Then, the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to be closed, and the resistance of the variable resistor connected in parallel with the energy storage unit is controlled to be equal to zero. That is, at this time, all current in the stacked energy storage cell passes through the connected bypass corresponding to the out-of-control energy storage unit. No current passes through the out-of-control energy storage unit, which can effectively prevent the out-of-control energy storage unit from further deteriorating.

[0027] In summary, the control circuit and control method of the stacked energy storage cell based on the bipolar current collecting plate of the present invention can protect the energy storage unit when it fails and disconnect the energy storage unit when it loses control, ensuring that other energy storage units of the stacked energy storage cell can continue to be used normally. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a control circuit for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram when a certain energy storage unit is in a fault state;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Detail A of

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram when a certain energy storage unit is in an out-of-control state;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Detail B of .

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 10 - energy storage unit; 11 - first electrode; 111 - first electrode tab; 12 - second electrode; 121 - second electrode tab; 13 - bipolar current collecting plate; 14 - connected bypass; 15 - resistor; 16 - bypass switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a control circuit for a stacked energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collector plate according to the present invention. This embodiment of the control circuit for a stacked energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collector plate comprises at least two stacked energy storage cells 10. Each energy storage cell 10 comprises a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12. The first electrodes 11 and second electrodes 12 of two adjacent energy storage cells 10 are adjacently arranged, and an electronically conductive and ionically isolated bipolar current collector plate 13 is disposed between the adjacent first and second electrodes 11, 12. A connecting bypass 14 is disposed between the first and second electrodes 11, 12 belonging to the same energy storage cell 10. A variable resistor 15 and a bypass switch 16 are disposed on the connecting bypass 14.

[0038] Furthermore, in some embodiments, a first electrode 11 of an energy storage unit 10 is provided with a first electrode tab 111, and a second electrode 121 is provided with a second electrode tab 121. The communication bypass 14 is electrically connected to the first electrode tab 111 and the second electrode tab 121 of the corresponding energy storage unit. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first electrode tab 111 and the second electrode tab 121 belonging to two adjacent energy storage units 10 and arranged adjacently are both provided on a bipolar current collecting plate 13 located between the two energy storage units 10. Specifically, the first electrode tab 111 and the second electrode tab 121 provided on the same bipolar current collecting plate 13 can also be provided as an integral whole.

[0039] Furthermore, the energy storage unit 10 can be a battery unit or a capacitor unit; specifically, all the energy storage units 10 in the laminated energy storage cell are battery units, or all the energy storage units in the laminated energy storage cell are capacitor units; or among all the energy storage units in the laminated cell, some are battery units and some are capacitor units, and all three schemes are possible.

[0040] The control method of the laminated energy storage cell based on the bipolar current collecting plate in this embodiment is as follows:

[0041] Detect the health status indicator of each energy storage unit 10:

[0042] When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit 10 is less than the set minimum threshold, the energy storage unit 10 is in a healthy state, and the bypass switch 16 corresponding to the energy storage unit 10 is controlled to be opened;

[0043] When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than or equal to the set minimum threshold and less than or equal to the set maximum threshold, the energy storage unit 10 is in a fault state, and the bypass switch 16 corresponding to the energy storage unit 10 is controlled to be closed, and the resistance of the variable resistor 15 connected in parallel with the energy storage unit 10 is controlled to be greater than zero, thereby controlling the output current of the energy storage unit 10 to be within the set range;

[0044] When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit 10 is greater than the set threshold, the energy storage unit 10 is in an out-of-control state. First, all the bypass switches are opened, and the internal circuit of the energy storage unit 10 is controlled to be broken; then the bypass switch 16 corresponding to the energy storage unit 10 is controlled to be closed, and the resistance of the variable resistor 15 in parallel with the energy storage unit 10 is controlled to be equal to zero.

[0045] Furthermore, the method for controlling the internal circuit of the energy storage unit 10 is as follows:

[0046] Connect a high-voltage power supply between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 of the corresponding energy storage unit 10, and use the high-voltage power supply to break down the ion conductor of the energy storage unit 10, and turn the broken-down ion conductor into an insulator; or,

[0047] Adding a high-temperature pyrolysis component into the ion conductor of the energy storage unit 10, controlling the temperature of the corresponding energy storage unit 10 to pyrolyze the high-temperature pyrolysis component in the ion conductor and converting the ion conductor of the energy storage unit into an insulator; or,

[0048] Metal particles are dispersed and added into the ion conductor of the energy storage unit 10, and the temperature of the corresponding energy storage unit 10 is controlled to melt and connect the metal particles together to form an electronic conductor layer that blocks the insulators, thereby converting the ion conductor of the energy storage unit into an ion isolation layer.

[0049] The bipolar current collector-based laminated energy storage cell control circuit of this embodiment provides a communication bypass between the first and second electrodes of the energy storage unit, and provides a variable resistor and a bypass switch on the communication bypass. This allows each energy storage unit to independently control its external power output according to its health status indicator, namely:

[0050] Detecting the health status indicator of each energy storage unit. When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is less than a set minimum threshold, the energy storage unit is in a healthy state, and the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to open. At this time, all energy storage units of the entire stacked energy storage cell are connected in series to output electrical energy to the outside;

[0051] When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than or equal to a set minimum threshold and less than or equal to a set maximum threshold, the energy storage unit is in a fault state, and the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to be closed. At the same time, the resistance of the variable resistor connected in parallel with the energy storage unit is controlled to be greater than zero, thereby controlling the output current of the energy storage unit to be within a set range. In this way, the faulty energy storage unit outputs a smaller current, and the remaining current passes through the connected bypass corresponding to the faulty battery, which can protect the faulty energy storage unit and extend the service life of the faulty energy storage unit.

[0052] When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than a set threshold, the energy storage unit is in an out-of-control state. First, all the bypass switches are opened, and the internal circuit of the energy storage unit is controlled to be broken. Then, the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to be closed, and the resistance of the variable resistor connected in parallel with the energy storage unit is controlled to be equal to zero. That is, at this time, all current in the stacked energy storage cell passes through the connected bypass corresponding to the out-of-control energy storage unit. No current passes through the out-of-control energy storage unit, which can effectively prevent the out-of-control energy storage unit from further deteriorating.

[0053] In summary, the control circuit and control method of the stacked energy storage cell based on the bipolar current collecting plate in this embodiment can protect the energy storage unit when it fails and disconnect the energy storage unit when it loses control, ensuring that other energy storage units of the stacked energy storage cell can continue to be used normally.

[0054] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for the purpose of fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A control circuit for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collector plate, wherein the laminated energy storage cell comprises at least two stacked energy storage units, each comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first and second electrodes of two adjacent energy storage units are adjacently disposed, and an electronically conductive and ionically isolated bipolar current collector plate is disposed between the adjacent first and second electrodes, characterized in that: A communication bypass is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode belonging to the same energy storage unit, and a variable resistor and a bypass switch are provided on the communication bypass; When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is less than a set minimum threshold, the energy storage unit is in a healthy state, and the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to open; When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than or equal to a set minimum threshold and less than or equal to a set maximum threshold, the energy storage unit is in a fault state, and the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to be closed, and the resistance of the variable resistor connected in parallel with the energy storage unit is controlled to be greater than zero, thereby controlling the output current of the energy storage unit to be within a set range; When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than the set threshold, the energy storage unit is in an out-of-control state. First, all the bypass switches are opened, and the internal circuit of the energy storage unit is controlled to be broken; then the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to be closed, and the resistance of the variable resistor in parallel with the energy storage unit is controlled to be equal to zero.

2. The control circuit for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode of the energy storage unit is provided with a first electrode tab, and the second electrode is provided with a second electrode tab. The connecting bypass is electrically connected to the first electrode tab and the second electrode tab of the corresponding energy storage unit respectively.

3. The control circuit for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first electrode tab and the second electrode tab, which respectively belong to two adjacent energy storage units and are arranged adjacent to each other, are both arranged on the bipolar current collecting plate located between the two energy storage units.

4. The control circuit for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first electrode tab and the second electrode tab arranged on the same bipolar current collecting plate are integrated.

5. The control circuit for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The energy storage unit is a battery unit or a capacitor unit.

6. A control method for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collector plate, characterized in that: The method is implemented using the bipolar current collecting plate-based laminated energy storage cell control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and includes: detecting a health status indicator of each of the energy storage units: When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is less than a set minimum threshold, the energy storage unit is in a healthy state, and the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to open; When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than or equal to a set minimum threshold and less than or equal to a set maximum threshold, the energy storage unit is in a fault state, and the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to be closed, and the resistance of the variable resistor connected in parallel with the energy storage unit is controlled to be greater than zero, thereby controlling the output current of the energy storage unit to be within a set range; When the health status indicator of the energy storage unit is greater than the set threshold, the energy storage unit is in an out-of-control state. First, all the bypass switches are opened, and the internal circuit of the energy storage unit is controlled to be broken; then the bypass switch corresponding to the energy storage unit is controlled to be closed, and the resistance of the variable resistor in parallel with the energy storage unit is controlled to be equal to zero.

7. The control method for a laminated energy storage cell based on a bipolar current collecting plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for controlling the internal circuit breaker of the energy storage unit is: A high-voltage power supply is connected between the first electrode and the second electrode of the corresponding energy storage unit, and the high-voltage power supply is used to break down the ion conductor of the energy storage unit, and the broken-down ion conductor is converted into an insulator; or, a high-temperature pyrolysis component is added to the ion conductor of the energy storage unit, and the temperature of the corresponding energy storage unit is controlled to thermally decompose the high-temperature pyrolysis component in the ion conductor and convert the ion conductor of the energy storage unit into an insulator; or, metal particles are dispersed and added to the ion conductor of the energy storage unit, and the temperature of the corresponding energy storage unit is controlled to melt and connect the metal particles into one, forming an electronic conductor layer that blocks the isolators, and converting the ion conductor of the energy storage unit into an ion isolation layer.

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